*)iou/lios *poludeu/khs *kommo/dw| *kai/sari xai/rein.
w)= pai= patro\s
a)gaqou=, patrw=|o/n e)sti/ soi kth=ma kat' i)/son basilei/a te kai\ sofi/a.
th=s de\ sofi/as to\ me/n ti e)n th=| th=s yuxh=s a)reth=|, to\ d' e)n th=| xrei/a|
th=s fwnh=s.
th=s me\n ou)=n a)reth=s e)/xeis to\ ma/qhma e)n tw=| patri/, th=s
de\ fwnh=s, ei) me\n h)=gen au)to\s sxolh/n, parei=xen a)/n soi to\ h(mw=n
e)la/xista dei=sqai: e)pei\ d' e)kei=non h( swthri/a th=s oi)koume/nhs a)pasxolei=,
e)/gwg' ou)=n e(/n ge/ ti/ soi pro\s eu)glwtti/an sumbalou=mai.
o)nomastiko\n
me\n ou)=n tw=| bibli/w| to\ e)pi/gramma, mhnu/ei de\ o(/sa te sunw/numa w(s
u(palla/ttein du/nasqai, kai\ oi(=s a)\n e(/kasta dhlwqei/h: pefiloti/mhtai
ga\r ou) tosou=ton ei)s plh=qos o(po/son ei)s ka/llous e)klogh/n.
ou) me/ntoi
pa/nta ta\ o)no/mata periei/lhfe tou=to to\ bibli/on: ou)de\ ga\r h)=n r(a/|dion
e(ni\ bibli/w| pa/nta sullabei=n.
poih/somai de\ th\n a)rxh\n a)f' w(=n ma/lista
prosh/kei tou\s eu)sebei=s, a)po\ tw=n qew=n: ta\ d' a)/lla w(s a)\n e(/kaston
e)pe/lqh| ta/comen.
e)/rrwso.
*qeo\s kai\ qeoi\ kai\ dai/mones: ou(/tw ga\r *(omh/rw|
(
dokei= dai/monas kalei=n tou\s qeou/s.
kai\ *pla/twn
(
tou= panto\s kubernh/thn me/giston dai/mona" w)no/masen, e)peidh\ th=s au)th=s
xrei/as to\ qei=on kai\ to\ daimo/nion.
kai\ to\ me\n xwri/on e)n w(=| qera
peu/omen tou\s qeou/s, i(ero\n kai\ new/s, e)/nqa de\ kaqidru/omen, shko\s
kai\ te/menos: oi( me\n ga\r a)kribe/steroi shko\n to\n tw=n h(rw/wn
le/gousin, oi( de\ poihtai\ kai\ to\n tw=n qew=n, w(s oi( tragw|doi\
(
adesp 424
to\ kato/pin o)pisqo/domos, kai\ h( ei)/sodos propu/laia.
au)ta\ de\ a(\ qera
peu/omen, a)ga/lmata, co/ana, e(/dh qew=n, ei)ka/smata qew=n, ei)ko/nes, mimh/
mata, tupw/mata, ei)/dh, i)de/ai.
bre/tas de\ h)\ dei/khlon ou)k e)/gwge
prosi/emai.
e)f' w(=n de\ qu/omen h)\ pu=r a)nakai/omen, bwmo/s, qumiath/rion,
e(sti/a: e)/nioi ga\r ou(/tws w)noma/kasin.
ou(/tw d' a)\n kuriw/tata kaloi=to
h( e)n prutanei/w|, e)f' h(=s to\ pu=r to\ a)/sbeston a)na/ptetai.
e)sxa/ra
d' i)dikw=s dokei= me\n w(=de o)noma/zesqai, e)f' h(=s toi=s h(/rwsin a)po
qu/omen: e)/nioi de\ tw=n poihtw=n
(
kai\ to\n tw=n qew=n bwmo\n ou(/tw keklh/kasin.
ei)/h d' a)\n o( me\n ei)/sw perirranthri/wn to/pos e)/nqeos, i(ero/s,
kaqierwme/nos, kaqwsiwme/nos, a)be/bhlos_kai/toi ou)de/pw e)ntetu/xhka tw=|
o)no/mati_o( d' e)/cw be/bhlos: to\ ga\r a)ni/eros a(rmo/ttoi a)\n ma=llon e)pi\
tw=n ou) kaqarw=n to/pwn.
ei) me/ntoi kai/ ti xwri/on a)/baton ei)/h tou=
i(erou=, tou=to kai\ a)/duton ei)/pois a)\n kai\ a)/yauston kai\ a)yaustou/menon
kai\ a)qe/aton kai\ a)na/ktoron.
oi( d' a)neime/noi qeoi=s to/poi a)/lsh te
kai\ teme/nh kai\ e(/rkh, kai\ o( peri\ au)ta\ ku/klos peri/bolos.
ei) de\ kai\
a)/sulo/n ti ei)/h, tou=to kai\ krhsfu/geton le/ge kai\ fu/cimon: kai\ i(erou\s
o(/rous, e)nto\s w(=n toi=s i(ke/tais a)sfa/leia.
h( d' a)/netos qeoi=s gh= i(era\
kai\ o)rga/s.
to\ de\ oi)kodomh=sai new\n le/gois a)\n kai\ peribale/sqai new\n kai\
e)gei=rai new\n kai\ a)nasth=sai new\n kai\ poih=sai new\n kai\ new\n e)r
ga/sasqai, kai\ sunqei\s newpoih=sai.
filotimo/teron de\ kai\ to\ new\n
perierga/sasqai tw=| a)ga/lmati.
to\ de\ a)/galma i(dru/sasqai e)rei=s
kai\ sth/sasqai, e)nsth/sasqai, a)nasth=sai, kaqidru=sai, e)gkaqidru/
sasqai, e)gkaqi/sai tw=| new/|, kaqosiw=sai, kaqierw=sai, e)ntemeni/sai.
to\ de\ e)/rgon i(/drusis, kaqie/rwsis, sta/sis, a)na/stasis, kaqi/drusis,
kata/stasis, kaqosi/wsis, e)rgasi/a, poi/hsis.
ta\ de\ e)nanti/a a)na
tre/yai, kaqelei=n, katabalei=n, katenegkei=n, kaqelku/sai, sugxe/ai
to\n ko/smon tou= new/, kataprh=sai, e)mprh=sai, katafle/cai, puri\ nei=mai,
e)k ba/qrwn a)naspa/sai, a)krwthria/sai.
to\ de\ e)/rgon a)natroph/, kaqai/
resis, a)krwthriasmo/s.
oi( de\ kataskeua/zontes tou\s new\s kai\ ta\
a)ga/lmata texni=tai, tou\s me\n peri\ to\n new\n liqoco/ous te kai\ oi)ko
do/mous kai\ te/ktonas ei)/pois a)/n, filotimou/menos de\ kai\ newpoiou\s
kai\ i(eropoiou/s, tou\s de\ e)pi\ toi=s a)ga/lmasi xeirote/xnas ou)k a)galmato
poiou\s mo/non ou)d' a)galmatourgou/s, a)lla\ kai\ qeopoiou\s kai\ qeopla/s
tas, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
a)galmatopoii/an kai\ a)galmatourgi/an kai\ a)galmatopoiikh\n kai\
qeopoihtikh\n kai\ a)galmatourgikh/n, ou) mh\n kai\ qeopoii/an: dusxe
re\s ga\r pro\s th\n a)koh\n tou)/noma.
to\ de\ e)rga/sasqai qeou\s e)/stin ei)pei=n,
kai\ poih=sai, mimh/sasqai, dei=cai, tupw=sai: sklhro\n ga\r to\ morfw=sai.
a)lla\ kai\ koila=nai li/qon ei)s qeou= morfh\n kai\ diaglu/yai kai\ diarqrw=sai
kai\ diatupw=sai kai\ diace/sai.
oi( de\ tw=n qew=n qerapeutai\ i(erei=s, newko/roi, za/koroi, profh=tai,
u(pofh=tai, qu/tai, telestai/, i(erourgoi/, kaqartai/, ma/nteis, qeoma/nteis,
xrhsmw|doi/, xrhsmolo/goi, xrhsmodo/tai, panagei=s, purfo/roi, u(phre/tai,
qeourgoi/: poihtikw/teron
(ai( de\
qh/leiai i(e/reiai, profh/tides, kai\
(
profa/ntides," kai\ ta\ loipa\ pro\s tou\s a)/rrenas koina/.
i)di/ws de\ h( e)n
*delfoi=s profh=tis *puqi/a.
ei) de/ pou kai\ pneu=ma ei)/h mantiko/n, o( me\n to/pos e)/nqeos kai\
e)pi/pnous kai\ ka/toxos kai\ e)piteqeiasme/nos kai\ kateilhmme/nos e)k qeou=,
w(/sper kai\ o( xrw=n a)nh/r: ou(=tos de\ kai\ e)nqousiw=n, kai\ kekinhme/nos e)k
qeou=, kai\ a)nabebakxeume/nos, kai\ plh/rhs qeou=, kai\ paralla/ttwn e)k
qeou=.
to\ de\ pneu=ma ei)/pois a)\n kai\ a)tmo\n mantiko/n, kai\ a)/sqma daimo/
nion, kai\ qei/an au)/ran, kai\ a)/nemon mantiko/n, kai\ fwnh\n proagoreuti
kh/n.
ta\ de\ r(h/mata tou/twn ta\ tw=| a)ndri\ sumbai/nonta kata
sxeqh=nai, katalhfqh=nai, e)nqousia/sai, e)piqeia/sai, a)nabakxeu=sai,
plhrwqh=nai qeou=: to\ ga\r e)pipneusqh=nai kako/fwnon.
ta\ de\ o)no/mata
tou= pra/gmatos katakwxh/, ka/qodos qeou=, katabolh/, kathbolh/,
katoxh/, e)piqeiasmo/s, e)pi/pnoia, bakxei/a, ki/nhsis e)k qeou=, kata/lhyis,
e)nqousiasmo/s: w(/sper kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata e)nqe/ws, e)pi/pnws, kato/xws,
e)nqousiastikw=s, qeiastikw=s, e)piteqeiasme/nws.
to\ de\ pa=n xwri/on
mantei=on kai\ xrhsth/rion kai\ a)na/ktoron.
to\ de\ pra=gma xrhsmw|dh=sai
kai\ manteu/sasqai_e)/nioi de\ tw=n *)attikw=n
(?
) kai\ manteu=sai le/gousi_
a)neipei=n, a)nafqe/gcasqai, proeipei=n, proqespi/sai_to\ ga\r qespiw|dh=sai
diqurambw=des_proagoreu=sai, promhnu=sai, prodhlw=sai, prodida/cai,
xrhsmodoth=sai, xrhsmologh=sai, a)nelei=n, profhteu=sai, xrh=sai.
kai\ to\ me\n e)/rgon mantei/a, xrhsmolo/gion, lo/gion, fh/mh e)k qeou=, pro/r
rhsis, proago/reusis, xrhsmw|di/a, xrhsmologi/a, a)na/rrhsis, ma/nteuma:
kai\ dialu=sai ta\ memanteume/na, ta\ a)neirhme/na, ta\ kexrhsme/na, ta\
kexrhsmw|dhme/na, ta\ prohgoreume/na, ta\ teqespisme/na: i)di/ws de\ to\
e)k *delfw=n kalei=tai puqo/xrhston.
kai\ oi( xrw/menoi qewroi/.
o)noma/zoito d' a)\n kai\ h( te/xnh mantikh/ proagoreutikh/, xrhsmo
logikh/.
to\n de\ xrw=nta kaloi/hs a)\n profh/thn, ma/ntin, xrhsmw|do/n,
xrhsmolo/gon: poihtw=n ga\r
(
o( qespiw|do/s.
e)/xois d' a)\n ei)pei=n kaq' e(/teron ei)=dos xrei/as, h(=ken e)k
qeou= fh/mh, h(=ke ma/nteuma e)k qeou=, h(=ke lo/gion, e)ce/pese xrhsmo/s,
h)ne/xqh ma/nteuma, a)nei=pen o( qeo/s, a)nei=len o( qeo/s, a)nefqe/gcato a)me/
trws, e)n e(came/trw| to/nw|, kai\ ta\ toiau=ta.
oi(=s prosqete/on to\ qeo
manei=n, to\ qeoklutei=n, qeologei=n.
qeo/lhptos, foibo/lhptos, numfo/
lhptos, mouso/lhptos, e)k *pano\s h)\ a)/llou tino\s qeou= ka/toxos h)\
katexo/menos.
o( me\n toi/nun qeou\s nomi/zwn a)nh\r kaloi=t' a)\n eu)sebh/s, filo/
qeos, o(/sios, filoqu/ths, fileortasth/s, i(erourgiko/s, qew=n e)pimelh/s,
qeoi=s a)nakei/menos, qeiasmw=| proskei/menos, latreu/wn qeoi=s, e)/nqeos,
kata/qeos, qeosebh/s, qeologiko/s, e)piteqeiasme/nos, i(ero/s, kaqierw
me/nos, qeofilh/s.
o( de\ u(pertimw=n deisidai/mwn kai\ deisi/qeos: kwmiko\n
(o( de\ e)nanti/os a)/qeos, a)ni/eros,
a)sebh/s, dussebh/s, a)qe/mitos, miso/qeos, qeomish/s, o)li/gwros qew=n, new
teristh\s peri\ to\ qei=on, e)nagh/s, e)ca/gistos, be/bhlos, qeoblabh/s: o(
ga\r qeostugh\s tragiko/n
(o)no/mata de\ tou= pra/gma
tos e)kei= me\n eu)se/beia kai\ o(sio/ths kai\ qew=n e)pime/leia kai\ latrei/a
qew=n kai\ qeose/beia_to\ ga\r filoqeo/ths bi/aion_, e)ntau=qa de\ a)se/
beia kai\ a)nosio/ths kai\ o)ligwri/a peri\ to\ qei=on kai\ qeobla/beia kai\
a)qeo/ths.
r(h/mata de\ eu)sebei=n, o(siou=n, se/bein, se/besqai, qeosebei=n.
to\
d' e)nanti/on a)sebei=n mo/non: to\ ga\r a)nosiourgei=n pro\s e(/tera.
ei) de\
kai\ e)pirrh/mata prosqete/on, e)pi\ me\n tou= eu)sebou=s o(si/ws, e)nqe/ws,
filoqe/ws, qeofilw=s, qeosebw=s, e)pi\ de\ tou= e)nanti/ou a)sebw=s, dus
sebw=s, a)nosi/ws, a)qe/ws, qeoblabw=s, qeomisw=s, a)qemi/tws.
o)noma/sais d' a)\n i(ero\n a)rxai=on, semno/n, e)/nqeon, qei=on, frikw=des,
e)kplhktiko/n, a)rxaio/plouton, palaio/plouton, za/plouton, megalo/plou
ton, baqu/plouton, polu/xruson, polua/rguron, poluta/lanton.
qeoi\ u(peroura/nioi, e)noura/nioi, e)poura/nioi, e)naiqe/rioi, e)nae/rioi:
e)pi/geioi, oi( au)toi\ kai\ e)pixqo/nioi: e)na/lioi, qala/ttioi, oi( au)toi\ kai\ e)nqa
la/ttioi, u(po/geioi, xqo/nioi kai\ u(poxqo/nioi kai\ kataxqo/nioi, e(stiou=
xoi, poliou=xoi, patrw=|oi, ce/nioi, fi/lioi, e(tairei=oi, fra/trioi,
a)sterophtai/, a)gorai=oi, e)ri/gdoupoi, e)fe/stioi, e)pika/rpioi, stra/
tioi, tropaiou=xoi, i(ke/sioi, tro/paioi, a)potro/paioi, lu/sioi, kaqa/rsioi,
a(gni=tai, fu/cioi, swth=res, a)sfa/leioi, palamnai=oi, prostro/paioi, ge
ne/qlioi, gamh/lioi, futa/lioi, protru/gaioi.
ta\ polla\ de\ tou/twn w(s
i)/dia/ e)sti tou= *dio/s, w(/sper o( u(e/tios kai\ o( kataiba/ths, kai\ par'
*)aqhnai/ois fra/trios.
to\ ga\r nefelhgere/ths kai\ o(/sa toiau=ta e)pi\
tou= *dio/s, w(/sper kai\ to\ e)nnosi/gaios kai\ to\ e)nosi/xqwn kai\ ta\ o(/moia
e)pi\ tou= *poseidw=nos, poihtai=s a)nei/sqw.
dei= de\ prosie/nai pro\s tou\s qeou\s kaqhra/menon, kaqareu/santa,
faidruna/menon, perirrana/menon, a)porruya/menon, a)poniya/menon,
a(gnisa/menon, a(gneu/santa, h(gneume/non, w(siwme/non, kaqarw=| nw=|,
u(po\ neourgw=| stolh=|, u(po\ neoplunei= e)sqh=ti.
prosie/nai qeoi=s, pro/sodon
poiei=sqai pro\s tou\s qeou/s, eu)/xesqai qeoi=s, a)natei/nein ta\s xei=ras,
e)ntugxa/nein qeoi=s, prostre/pesqai qeou/s, katakalei=n qeou/s, a)nakalei=n
qeou/s, ai)tei=n para\ tw=n qew=n ta)gaqa/, prosfeu/gein qeoi=s, potnia=sqai,
katantibolei=n, kaqiketeu/ein, qu/ein qeoi=s, i(erourgei=n, i(eropoiei=n, bouqu
tei=n, e(kato/mbhn prosa/gein, quhpolei=n, paia=nas a)=|sai, u(/mnon a)=|sai,
i(erw=n prokata/rcasqai, libanwto\n kaqagi/zein, qumia=n, a)rw/mata lu/ein
e)n puri/.
ta\ de\ a)rw/mata kai\ qumia/mata kalei=tai: *qoukudi/dhs
(?
) d'
au)ta\ ei)/rhken a(gna\ qu/mata, pro\s ta\ ai(ma/ssonta kai\ sfatto/mena a)nti
tiqei\s smu/rnan, libanwto/n.
i(erei=a prosa/gein toi=s bwmoi=s, ai(ma/ssein
tou\s bwmou/s, deka/thn a)poqu/ein, eu)/xesqai kata\ boo\s h)\ a)/llou tou,
spe/ndein, kataspe/ndein, stefanou=n, a)naste/fein, stefanw/mata prosfe/
rein, murri/nhn stefanwtri/da, spei=sai, kataspei=sai, e)pispei=sai, mhri/a
e)piqei=nai, ou)la\s e)pibalei=n, splagxneu/sasqai, quhlh/sasqai, i(erw=n pro
kata/rcasqai, spla/gxnwn a)pa/rcasqai, deka/thn a)poqu=sai, deka/thn
a)poqei=nai, a)naqei=nai, a)na/qhma poih/sasqai, a)naqei=nai ei)s to\n new/n.
ta\ d' a)naqh/mata w(s e)pi\ to\ polu\ ste/fanoi, fia/lai, e)kpw/mata, qumia
th/ria, xrusi/des, a)rguri/des, oi)noxo/ai, a)mfori/skoi.
h( de\ *puqi/a kai\
knisa=n a)guia\s a)nh/|rei.
a)parxa\s prosenegkei=n, a)pa/rgmata prosfe/rein,
a)/rgmata prosfe/rein, yaista/, po/pana, o)/mphn, pela/nous, stefa/nous,
pe/mmata, ste/mmata, qallou/s, murri/nas, a)/nqh.
paiani/sai, paia=na a)=|sai:
to\ ga\r o)lolu/cai kai\ o)lolugh=| xrh/sasqai e)pi\ gunaikw=n.
ta\ me/ntoi
pra/gmata qusi/a, bouqusi/a, quhpoli/a, kata/klhsis qew=n, a)na/klhsis,
e)/nteucis, pro/sodos, i(erourgi/a, i(eropoii/a, i(ketei/a, spondh/.
to\ de\ a)po\
tw=n bwmw=n a)porre/on pneu=ma, kni=sa kai\ a)tmo/s.
prosakte/on de\ qu/sima
i(erei=a a)/rtia, a)/toma, o(lo/klhra, u(gih=, a)/phra, pammelh=, a)rtimelh=, mh\
koloba\ mhde\ e)/mphra mhde\ h)krwthriasme/na mhde\ dia/strofa.
*so/lwn
de\ ta\ e)/mphra kai\ a)felh= w)no/mase.
prosakte/on me/ntoi kai\ bou=s a)/zugas.
i)ste/on d' o(/ti ta\ e)k tw=n i(erei/wn kre/a qeo/quta kalei=tai.
i(/na de\ kai\ a)napau/sw se pro\s mikro/n, e)pei\ to\ didaskaliko\n ei)=dos
au)xmhro/n e)sti kai\ proskore/s, ou)de\n a)\n kwlu/oi prosqei=nai kai\ mu/qou
gluku/thta ei)s yuxagwgi/an, o(/ti kai\ mh=la qu/ousi peri\ *boiwti/an
*(hraklei=_le/gw de\ ou) ta\ pro/bata th=| poihtikh=| fwnh=|, a)lla\ ta\ a)kro/
drua_e)k toia=sde th=s ai)ti/as.
e)neisth/kei me\n ga\r h( panh/guris
tou= qeou=, kai\ kath/peige tou= qu/ein o( kairo/s, to\ de\ i(erei=on a)/ra krio\s
h)=n.
kai\ oi( me\n a)/gontes a)/kontes e)bra/dunon_o( ga\r *)aswpo\s potamo\s
ou)k h)=n diabato/s, me/gas a)/fnw r(uei/s_, oi( d' a)mfi\ to\ i(ero\n pai=des
o(mou= pai/zontes a)peplh/roun th=s i(erourgi/as to\n no/mon: labo/ntes ga\r
mh=lon w(rai=on ka/rfh me\n u(pe/qesan au)tw=| te/ttara, dh=qen tou\s po/das,
du/o d' e)pe/qesan_ta\ d' h)=n ta\ ke/rata_kai\ kata\ tou\s poihta\s a)po
qu/ein e)/fasan to\ mh=lon w(s pro/baton.
h(sqh=nai/ te le/getai th=| qusi/a|
to\n *(hrakle/a, kai\ me/xri tou=de parame/nein th=s i(erourgi/as to\n no/mon.
kai\ kalei=tai para\ toi=s *boiwtoi=s *mh/lwn o( *(hraklh=s, tou)/noma e)k tou=
tro/pou th=s qusi/as labw/n.
ta\ pro\ tw=n i(erw=n perirranth/ria, kaqarmoi/, kaqa/rseis, kaqa/rsia,
kaqarth/ria, kaqa/rtai.
kai\ oi( tou/tois xrhsa/menoi kaqaroi/, w(/sper oi(
e)nanti/oi a)ka/qartoi.
kaqarw=s o(si/ws w(siwme/mws a(gnw=s h(gneume/nws
a(gi/ws prosio/ntes, a)no/sioi, a)ni/eroi: a)na/gnws a)nosi/ws a)kaqa/rtws
pa/nta drw=ntes, miaroi/, pammi/aroi, e)nagei=s, a)/gei prosexo/menoi, mia/s
mati e)nexo/menoi.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata, to\ me\n a(/gion, kaqaro/n, o(/sion,
a(gno/n, eu)age/s, a)/xranton, to\ d' e)nanti/on e)nage/s, e)ca/giston, dus
age/s, miaro/n, pammi/aron, mi/asma, mu/sos.
a)/llhs de\ xrei/as kaqh/rasqai,
mi/asma e)kni/yasqai, a)/gos a)pope/myasqai, mu/sos lu/sasqai, a)polu/sasqai,
a)potre/yasqai, a)podiopomph/sasqai.
ta\ de\ pro\s qusi/an sxi/zai, sfagi/des, kopi/des, pele/keis, o)beloi/,
li/kna, kana=, xe/rnibes: to\ ga\r pempw/bola
(
(
kairoi\ d' i(eroi\ panhgu/reis, e(ortai/, i(eromhni/ai, qeofa/nia, qeo
ce/nia, ...
meqe/ortoi h(me/rai kata\ *)antifw=nta
(
kai\ a)/nqrw
poi e(ortastai/, panhguristai/, file/ortoi, suneortastai/, sumpanhgu
ristai/, ei)/pois d' a)\n panhgu/reis dhmotelei=s kai\ pa/ndhmoi kai\
dhmo/siai kai\ dhmoqoini/ai kai\ panqoini/ai kai\ pandaisi/ai.
to\ d'
e)n tai=s eu)wxi/ais h)\ kreanomi/ais prw=ton tw=n meri/dwn lamba/nein
prwtoqoini/a o)noma/zetai.
ta\ de\ r(h/mata e(stia=sqai, eu)wxei=sqai, panh
guri/zein, e(orta/zein, sunestia=sqai, suneuwxei=sqai, sumpanhguri/
zein, suneorta/zein, suspe/ndein kai\ o(mospondei=n kai\ o(mospo/ndous
gi/nesqai, krath/rwn summete/xein.
ei)/h d' a)\n th=s au)th=s i)de/as kai\ ta/de, musth/ria, teletai/, o)/rgia,
mu/stai, mustagwgoi/, telestai/, o)rgiastai/.
kai\ muei=n, mustagwgei=n,
muei=sqai, o)rgia/zein, telei=sqai, telei=n.
filotimo/teron de\ th=| xrh/sei
to\ telesiourgei=n kai\ h( telesiourgi/a.
i(erofa/ntai, da|dou=xoi, kh/rukes,
spondofo/roi, i(e/reiai, panagei=s, purfo/roi, u(mnw|doi/, u(mnh/triai: i)akxa
gwgo\s ga\r kai\ kourotro/fos kai\ daeiri/ths, kai\ o(/sa toiau=ta, i)/dia tw=n
*)attikw=n.
o( de\ muhqei\s memuhme/nos, tetelesme/nos, w)rgiasme/nos, w(/sper
o( e)nanti/os a)mu/htos, a)te/lestos, a)norgi/astos.
o)noma/zontai de\ kai\
musthriw/tides spondai\ kai\ mustikai\ h(me/rai, w(/sper i(erai/, a)/fetoi, a)/netoi,
kaqierwme/nai, katwnomasme/nai qeoi=s, kaqwsiwme/nai, katapefhmisme/nai.
ta\ de\ musth/ria kai\ ta\ o)/rgia teletai\ kai\ te/lh mustika\ kai\ tele
siourgi/ai.
e(ortai\ e)/ntimoi *mousw=n *mousei=a, *(ermou= *(/ermaia, *dio\s *dia/sia
kai\ *pa/ndia, *)aqhna=s *panaqh/naia, *(/hras *(/hraia, *dh/mhtros *dhmh/tria
kai\ qesmofo/ria kai\ *)eleusi/nia, *ko/rhs para\ *sikeliw/tais
(
p 213. 174 kaibel
kai\ *)efe/sia, *kro/nou *kro/nia, *)asklhpiou= *)asklhpiei=a, *)apo/llwnos *dh/
lia, *(eka/ths *(ekath/sia, *trofwni/ou *trofw/nia, *dioskou/rwn *)aqh/nhsin
*)ana/keia.
sunta/ttointo d' a)\n tou/tois kai\ ai( th=s perio/dou kai\ tw=n
a)gw/nwn klh/seis, *)olu/mpia kai\ ta\ loipa/.
w)|dai\ ei)s qeou\s koinw=s me\n paia=nes, u(/mnoi, i)di/ws de\ *)arte/midos
u(/mnos ou)/piggos, *)apo/llwnos o( paia/n, a)mfote/rwn proso/dia, *dio
nu/sou diqu/rambos, *dh/mhtros i)/oulos: li/nos ga\r kai\ litue/rshs skapa
ne/wn w)|dai\ kai\ gewrgw=n.
prosapte/on de\ tou/tois qeou\s o(rki/ous.
o(/rkon o)mnu/ein, o)mnu/nai
_to\ de\ o)mo/sai e)le/geto kai\ pi/stin e)piqei=nai_o(rkwmotei=n, o(rkwmosi/a
o(rkwmo/tas, o(rkw=sai, o(rkwtou/s, o(rkihto/mous, ei) mh\ sklhro/n.
eu)or
kei=n, e)mpedou=n o(/rkois.
eu)/orkon, eu)w/moton.
eu)orki/a kai\ e)piorki/a,
e)pi/orkon, dusw/moton.
o(rkou=n, e)corkou=n, e)no/rkws ti ei)pei=n, e)nwmo/tws
ti ei)pei=n.
e)/norkon, e)nw/moton.
a)/norkon, a)nw/moton.
e)piorkh=sai qeou/s,
eu)orkh=sai frikw/deis o(/rkous kai\ qeo\n du/smhnin kai\ baru/mhnin kai\ dus
o/rghton.
*kai\ peri\ me\n qew=n a)rkei/tw tosau=ta: basile/a de\ e)painw=n le/ge
path/r, h)/pios, pra=|os, h(/meros, pronohtiko/s, e)pieikh/s, fila/nqrwpos, me
galo/frwn, e)leuqe/rios, xrhma/twn krei/ttwn, e)/cw paqw=n, e(autou= kratw=n,
a)/rxwn h(donw=n, logismw=| xrw/menos, o)cu/s, a)gxi/nous, perieskemme/nos,
eu)/boulos, di/kaios, sw/frwn, qew=n e)pimelh\s a)nqrw/pwn khdemw/n, sta/
simos, be/baios, a)necapa/thtos, megalognw/mwn, i)sxurognw/mwn, e)nergo/s,
telesiourgo/s, frontisth\s tw=n a)rxome/nwn, swth/r, pro/xeiros ei)s eu)erge
si/an bradu\s ei)s timwri/an, a)sfalh/s, a)planh/s, a)klinh/s, a)kribe/steros
pro\s to\ di/kaion zugou=, eu)pro/sitos, eu)pro/sodos, eu)prosh/goros,
eu)e/nteuktos, meili/xios, proshnh/s, e)pimelh\s tw=n u(phko/wn, filostratiw/
ths, polemiko\s me\n ou) filopo/lemos de/, ei)rhniko/s, ei)rhnopoio/s, ei)rh
nofu/lac, paideutiko/s, a)rxiko/s, nomoqetiko/s, eu)= poiei=n pefukw/s, qeo
eidh/s.
polla\ de/ e)stin a(\ lo/gw| tis a)\n ei)/poi kai\ ou)k o)no/mati.
ye/gwn
d' e)rei=s turanniko/s, w)mo/s, qhriw/dhs, bi/aios, pleone/kths, filoxrh/matos
kai\ to\ tou= *pla/twnos
(?
) e)rasixrh/matos, a(/rpac kai\ to\ tou= *(omh/rou
(
dusprosh/goros, duse/nteuktos, duso/rghtos, du/squmos, e)/mplhktos, tara
xw/dhs, h(donw=n h(/ttwn, a)krath/s, a)kra/twr, a)lo/gistos, misa/nqrwpos,
a)/dikos, a)/boulos, a)/nisos, a)no/sios, nou= keno/s, eu)/kolos, eu)meta/bolos, eu)
ecapa/thtos, r(a|di/ws e)kfero/menos, a)nh/meros, e)piqumi/ais e)ndidou/s, a)ko/
lastos, u(bristh/s, polemopoio/s, baru/s, e)paxqh/s, duska/qektos, a)fo/rhtos.
*le/ge de\ peri\ tou= mh\ bradu/nontos e(/toimos, pro/xeiros, pro/qumos,
a)/oknos, taxu/s, o)cu/s, e)/ntonos, e)nergo/s, a)profa/sistos, tw=| kairw=| xrw/
menos, e)grhgorw/s, spoudai=os, ou)de\n u(pertiqe/menos, ou)de\n u(perballo/
menos.
peri\ de\ tou= e)nanti/ou bradu/s, mellhth/s, nwqro/s,
nwqh/s, sxolai=os, a)melh/s, a)mblu/s, a)rgo/s, dia/gwn, diame/llwn, u(perbal
lo/menos, u(pertiqe/menos, strefo/menos, to\n kairo\n pariei/s.
kai\ ta\
pra/gmata tou= me\n e(toimo/ths, o)cu/ths, e)grh/gorsis, proqumi/a, spoudh/,
ta/xos: tou= de\ sxolh/, sxolaio/ths, me/llhsis, mellhsmo/s, braduth/s, a)na
bolh/, nw/qeia, a)rgi/a, tribh/.
to\ ga/r toi triyhmerei=n ei)/rhtai me/n, ou)
mh\n e)/moige a)re/skei.
*le/gois a)\n peri\ bebai/ou bafh=s deusopoio/s, a)ne/kplutos, mo/
nimos, e)/mmonos, e)gkrath/s, a)neca/leiptos, a)neci/thlos, a)ne/kruptos,
a)ne/kniptos, a)ne/ktriptos, a)nqou=sa, eu)anqh/s, a)nqhra/.
peri\ de\ th=s
e)nanti/as a)be/baios, e)/kplutos, e)ci/thlos, eu)/ruptos, eu)e/kruptos, eu)
e/kplutos, eu)e/kniptos, a)krath/s, a)nanqh/s.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n kai\ a)nei=nai
th=s bafh=s.
to\ de\ e)/rgon e)kplu=nai, e)kni/yai, e)ktri=yai, e)kru/yai,
a)porru/yai.
pa/lin de/ se dianapau/wn, o(/pws mh\ ka/mh|s pro\s e(\n ei)=dos a)poble/
pwn, e)rw= peri\ porfu/ras, o(/pws th\n a)rxh\n eu(re/qh.
*tu/rioi le/
gousin w(s *(hraklh=s h)ra/sqh nu/mfhs e)pixwri/as: *tu/ros d' h)=n th=|
nu/mfh| tou)/noma.
ei(/peto d' a)/ra tw=| *(hraklei= kai\ ku/wn kata\ dh\
to\n palaio\n no/mon: oi)=sqa ga\r o(/ti toi=s h(/rwsi suneish/|esan me/xri tw=n
e)kklhsiw=n oi( ku/nes.
o( toi/nun *(hra/kleios ku/wn kata\ pe/tras e(/rpou
san porfu/ran qeasa/menos, prouxou/shs au)th=| th=s sarko/s, e)ndakw\n o(
me\n th\n sa/rka poiei=tai trofh/n, o( de\ lu/qros a)/ra ta\ xei/lh tou= kuno\s
ai(ma/cas e)foi/nicen.
w(s de\ h(=ken o( h(/rws para\ th\n ko/rhn, h(/sqh qeasa
me/nh ta\ xei/lh tou= kuno\s a)nqou=nta a)h/qei bafh=|, kai\ ou)k e)/fh prosh/
sesqai tou= loipou= to\n *(hrakle/a, ei) mh\ au)th=| komi/seien e)sqh=ta tw=n
tou= kuno\s xeilw=n i)oeideste/ran.
o( me\n toi/nun *(hraklh=s e)ceu=re/ te
to\ zw=|on kai\ to\n lu/qron sunele/cato kai\ to\ dw=ron e)ko/mise th=| ko/rh|,
prw=tos geno/menos eu(reth\s tw=| *turi/w| lo/gw| th=s *foini/sshs bafh=s.
ta\
de\ nu=n oi( *foi/nikes w(=de qhrw=si te to\ zw=|on, kai\ to\ e)/rion xrwn
nu/ntes dolou=sin w(s pro\s th\n o)/yin a)nqei=n.
sxoini/on pleca/menoi pam
mh=kes, i)sxuro/n te kai\ kartero\n w(s e)nqalatteu/ein du/nasqai, tou/tou
sunexei=s w(/sper kw/dwnas e)cartw=sin e)k metri/wn diasthma/twn, kuye/las
e)k spa/rtou tino\s h)\ sxoi/nou diapleca/menoi.
dasei=ai d' ei)si\ ta\ kata\
th\n ei)/sodon: ta\ ga\r tw=n spa/rtwn h)\ tw=n sxoi/nwn te/lh peri\ toi=s
sto/masi tw=n kuyelw=n e)cepi/thdes a)ne/xein e)w=sin, w(s tw=| me\n pario/nti
r(a|di/ws ei)/kein kai\ dii/stasqai, a)naxw/rhsin de\ ei)s tou)/mpalin mhde\ a)na
strofh\n tw=| parelqo/nti e)ndido/nai.
tau/tas ta\s kuye/las delea/santes
oi( porfurei=s e)n toi=s petrw/desi kaqia=si, to\ kalw/dion fellou= tino\s
e)ca/yantes w(s a)ne/xein to\ qh/rama.
dialipo/ntes de\ nu/kta mi/an
kai\ e)fhmereu/santes w(s e)pi\ to\ polu\ ta\s kuye/las e)/mplews tw=n zw/|wn
a)ne/lkousin.
e)/peita koya/menoi to\ o)/strakon e)n tau)tw=| kai\ th\n sa/rka
kai\ tarixeu/santes fula/ttousin ei)s deusopoii/an.
o(/tan d'
e)kei/nh| xrh=sqai e)qe/lwsin, u(/dati th\n a)/sin a)pokaqh/rantes, e)ne/yousin
e)mpu/rw| le/bhti to\ qh/rama to\ qala/ttion, to\ d' ai(=ma e)peida\n puri\
o(milh/sh|, xei=tai/ te kai\ e)canqei=, kai\ to\ me\n canqi/zetai, to\ de\ kuanauge\s
gi/netai, to\ de\ a)/llo ei)s a)/llhn xro/an tre/petai: kai\ o(/ ti a)\n kaqh=|s,
pa=n to\ suggeno/menon tw=| ai(/mati pro\s th\n e)kei/nou xro/an metaxrw/n
nutai.
xai/rei de\ h(li/w| o(milou=sa th=s porfu/ras h( bafh/, kai\ h( a)kti\s
au)th\n a)napurseu/ei, kai\ plei/w poiei= kai\ faidrote/ran th\n au)gh/n,
e)kfoinissome/nhn e)k tou= a)/nw puro/s.
*)/emporoi kai\ ka/phloi kai\ metabolei=s oi( o)rqoi/ ti pra/ttontes:
oi( de\ kaqh/menoi ba/nausoi, kai\ h( e)rgasi/a au)tw=n banausi/a kai\
banausourgi/a.
e)rga/tai, xeirote/xnai, xeirourgoi/, a)poxeirobi/wtoi,
dhmiourgoi/: kai\ xeirotexni/a kai\ xeirourgi/a kai\ dhmiourgi/a.
e(drai=oi
texni=tai: to\ ga\r xeiroga/stores *(ekatai=os
(
to\ xeirw/naktes *(hrodo/tw|
(
*eu)fori/a, fora/, eu)ethri/a, eu)qhni/a, eu)karpi/a, polukarpi/a, ka)\n
bia/zhtai/ tis, polusiti/a, eu)pori/a gh=s.
kai\ lo/gw|, a)ciwta/ths ou)/shs
tou= si/tou th=s a)gora=s, plhqou/shs th=s a)gora=s, tw=n purw=n swrhdo\n
kexume/nwn, e)peuwnisme/nwn tw=n purw=n, th=s timh=s tou= si/tou katabe
bhkui/as h)\ katelhluqui/as, a)fqo/nwn o)/ntwn tw=n a)nagkai/wn, tw=n
a)gaqw=n xu/dhn keime/nwn, eu)pragi/as ou)/shs peri\ th\n a)gora/n, r(a|di/as
ou)/shs th=s peri\ tou\s purou\s diaqe/sews, pollh=s me\n pra/sews ou)/shs
pollh=s d' w)nh=s.
kai\ e(te/rws.
dikai/as th=s gh=s genome/nhs peri\ th\n
fora/n, eu)fo/rou th=s gh=s genome/nhs, th=s gh=s a)meiyame/nhs to\n
po/non tw=n gewrgw=n.
to\ d' e)nanti/on limo/s, a)fori/a, dusethri/a,
a)karpi/a, e)/ndeia trofw=n, e)pi/leiyis tw=n a)nagkai/wn, si/tou spa/nis, spa
nositi/a, a)nabebhkui/as th=s timh=s tw=n purw=n, e)pitetimhme/nwn tw=n pu
rw=n, ou)k o)/ntwn tw=n a)nagkai/wn, e)pileloipo/twn tw=n ei)s th\n h(me/ran
e)pithdei/wn, ou)k ou)sw=n trofw=n, kakopragi/as ou)/shs peri\ th\n
a)gora/n, ou)k eu)pragou/shs th\s a)gora=s, a)fo/rou th=s gh=s genome/nhs,
a)di/kou th=s gh=s genome/nhs, a)nteipou/shs th=s gh=s toi=s gewrgoi=s.
kai\ e(te/rws.
a)nte/pracen h( gh= toi=s gewrgoi=s, ou)x u(ph/kousen, ou)k
a)pe/dwke ta\ e)kfo/ria.
du/natai de/ tis ei)pei=n kai\ pneu=ma ta\s a)rou/ras
e)pe/flecen, a)/nemos tou\s a)sta/xus e)ke/nwsen, u(/dwr tou\s karpou\s ou)k
e)/qreyen, h)\ o)/mbros tou\s karpou\s e)pe/klusen, h)\ au)xmo\s e)ne/skhyen,
h)\ a)/broxos h( gh= die/meinen, h)\ e)di/yhsan oi( karpoi/, h)\ e)rusi/bh tou\s
karpou\s kate/laben h)\ pa/xnh h)\ diafqora/.
*)eniauto/s, e)/tos, dwdeka/mhnos xro/nos, h(li/ou peri/odos, periel
qo/ntos e)c w(rw=n ei)s w(/ras tou= qeou=, to\n ku/klon tou= a)/strou peridra
mo/ntos.
h(mi/etes kai\ h(mie/ths xro/nos, kai\ die/ths de\ kai\ trie/ths, kai\
me/xri dekae/tous, e)pi\ me\n xro/nou parocuno/ntwn, e)pi\ de\ paidi/ou kai\
futou= kai\ oi)/nou kai\ tw=n toiou/twn o)cuno/ntwn, w(s e)pi\ tou= dieth\s
me/xri tou= deketh/s.
o( de\ e(ndekae/ths sklhro/tero/n moi fai/netai, a)/meinon
ou)=n dialu/santas ei)pei=n e(noskai/deka e)tw=n kai\ duokai/deka, suna/ptontas
meta\ tou= kai\, kai\ to\n su/ndesmon o)cu/nontas.
ei)=ta treiskaidekae/ths
parocunte/on, kai\ pa/lin tettarwnkai/deka e)tw=n, kai\ tettarakai/deka e)/th
gegonw/s.
ei)=ta kai\ pentekaidekae/ths kai\ e(kkaidekae/ths kai\ e(ptakai
dekae/ths, a(\ parocunte/on: kai\ pa/lin o)ktwkai/deka gegonw\s e)/th kai\
e)nneakai/deka, o(moi/ws tw=| duokai/deka.
ei)=ta ei)kosae/ths, kai\ loipo\n e(no\s
kai\ ei)/kosi, kai\ e)fech=s a)po\ tou= e)la/ttonos a)riqmou= o(moi/ws a)/xri tw=n
tria/konta e)tw=n.
ei)=ta triakontou/ths, kai\ pa/lin a)po\ tou= e)la/ttonos
a)riqmou= me/xri tw=n tettara/konta, kai\ tettarakontou/ths, kai\
penthkontou/ths, kai\ ta)=lla o(moi/ws.
kai\ triakontou/teis kai\ tria
kontou/tides spondai/.
r(hte/on de\ tou= e)nestw=tos e)/tous, tou= pa
ro/ntos e)/tous, tou=de tou= e)/tous, tou/tw| tw=| e)/tei, e)p' e)/tos, th=tes:
pe/rusi, tou= e)celqo/ntos e)/tous, tou= parelqo/ntos, tou= proanusqe/ntos,
tou= e)ch/kontos, tou= parelhluqo/tos, tou= pausame/nou, tou= lh/
cantos, tai=s parelqou/sais w(/rais: tou= me/llontos e)/tous, tou= ei)sio/ntos,
tou= h(/contos, tou= a)ficome/nou, tou= prosio/ntos, ne/wta, ei)s ne/wta.
prope/rusi, tri/ton e)/tos touti\ kai\ te/tarton, kai\ o(moi/ws kat' a)riq
mo\n to\n parelqo/nta xro/non logi/zou.
kai\ karpo\s me\n e)pe/teios,
bre/fos de\ e)niau/sion.
e(orth\ de\ e)th/sios h( kat' e)/tos a)gome/nh, dieth/sios
de\ h( dia\ panto\s tou= e)/tous, h(\n *(/omhros
(h
e)pi\ diete\s de\ h(ba/skwn o( e)c e)fh/bwn du/o e)/th.
o(/tan de\ ei)/ph| o( *(hsi/odos
(
ariqmoume/nwn tw=n de/ka.
le/getai de\ kai\ au)toeth= ta\ e)niau/sia.
kai\
dieniauti/sai to\ di' o(/lou tou= e)niautou= ti pra=cai, a)peniauti/sai de\ to\
fugei=n ei)s e)/tos h)\ pau/sasqai/ tinos e)p' e)niauto/n.
xro/nos de\ polueth\s
h)\ a)/nqrwpos h)\ oi)=nos, kai\ o(moi/ws o)ligoeth/s.
e)k de\ mhnw=n sithre/sion e)/mmhnon kai\ mhniai=on kai\ triakonqh/
meron kai\ e(ca/mhnon.
ta\ de\ me/rh tou= e)/tous i(stame/nou tou= e)/tous, kai\ pa/lin prwi\+
tou= e)/tous, kai\ ne/ou e)/tous, kai\ mesou=ntos tou= e)/tous kai\ a)kma/zontos
kai\ pauome/nou kai\ lh/gontos.
kai\ ai( w(=rai, xeimw\n kai\ xeimerinh\
w(/ra kai\ xeime/rios w(/ra, kai\ e)/ar kai\ h)rinh\ w(/ra, kai\ qe/ros kai\
qerinh\ w(/ra, kai\ w(/ra e)/tous, kai\ meto/pwron kai\ metopwrinh\ w(/ra,
kai\ fqino/pwron kai\ fqinopwrinh\ w(/ra.
kai\ i)di/ws to\n kairo\n tou=
ton o)pw/ran o)noma/zousin
(
filotimo/teron de\ qe/rous a)kmh/, kai\ h)=ros u(pola/mpontos, kai\ h)=ros u(pan
qou=ntos, kai\ w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
si/tou xlwrou= o)/ntos, kai\
(kai\ a)po\ tw=n e)pi\
toi=s karpoi=s kairw=n, oi(=on trughtou= kairw=| kai\ a)mhtou= kairw=| kai\
spo/rou kairw=|, kai\ peri\ karpw=n sullogh/n, kai\ a)mpe/lou o)rgw/shs,
kai\ e)lai/as perknh=s, kai\ th=s gh=s a)nqou/shs.
kai\ a)/llws to\ e)/ar peri\
zefu/rou pnoa/s, kai\ to\ qe/ros peri\ ta\ e)th/sia pneu/mata.
kai\ a)po\
a)/strwn, peri\ *)arktou=ron i(sta/menon, kai\ u(po\ to\n *sei/rion a)ste/ra, kai\
peri\ *pleia/dwn e)pitola/s, kai\ peri\ *pleia/dwn dusma/s.
kai\ to\ qe/rous
pou diagagei=n qeri/sai kai\ e)nqeri/sai, kai\ to\ h)=ros e)ari/sai kai\ e)neari/
sai, kai\ to\ xeimw=nos xeima/sai kai\ e)gxeima/sai: kai\ xwri/a xeima/dia.
ou)ke/ti me/ntoi kai\ metopwri/sai e)sti\n e)n xrh/sei, e)k de\ tou= o(moi/ou
xrh=sqai a)/n tis au)tw=| du/naito.
me/rh de\ mhno\s i(stame/nou kai\ mesou=ntos kai\ lh/gontos, w(s kai\
ta\s trei=s deka/das ou(/tw pws diairei=n.
kai\ h( me\n prw/th noumhni/a,
a)po\ de\ th=s deute/ras a)/xri th=s prw/ths deka/dos to\ i(stame/nou prosqe
te/on: meta\ de\ th\n deka/thn *(hsi/odos
(
fhsi/, th\n pentekaideka/thn le/gwn, h(mi=n de\ r(hte/on prw/th e)pi\ de/ka kai\
deute/ra e)pi\ de/ka kai\ me/xri th=s ei)ka/dos, to\ de\ a)po\ tou/tou prw/th
e)pi\ ei)ka/di_h( d' au)th\ kai\ deka/th fqi/nontos_kai\ deute/ra e)pi\
ei)ka/di_h( d' au)th\ kai\ e)na/th fqi/nontos_kai\ o(moi/ws a)/xri th=s
triaka/dos, h(\n oi( *)attikoi\ kalou=sin e(/nhn kai\ ne/an, *(omh/rou
(c
t
dielo/nti de\ ei)s tri/a to\n mh=na to\ tri/ton a)\n au)tou= kaloi=to dexh/
meron.
kai\ to\ me\n e)f' e(ka/sth| h(me/ra| gino/menon h(merh/sion, to\ de\ di'
o(/lhs th=s h(me/ras pratto/menon panh/meron h)\ panhme/rion, w(s kai\
to\ di' o(/lhs th=s nukto\s pa/nnuxon h)\ pannu/xion.
to\ de\ dia\ mia=s
h(me/ras praxqe\n au)qhmero/n, kai\ to\ th\n au)th\n o(do\n dia\ mia=s h(me/ras
e)panelqei=n au)qhmeri/sai.
kai\ to\ di' o(/lhs h(me/ras ti pra=cai h(mereu=sai
kai\ dihmereu=sai, oi(=on e)pi\ tw=n banau/swn o( *pla/twn
(?
) ei)/rhke pro\s
pu=r h(mereu/ontas.
le/goito d' a)\n kai\ parhmereu=sai/ tini e)/rgw| h)\ a)n
qrw/pw|.
kai\ o( di' o(/lhs h(me/ras qe/wn h(merodro/mos.
to\ d' ei)s th\n
e)piou=san mh\ me/non e)fh/meron, to\ de\ para\ mi/an e(terh/meron.
fai/hs
d' a)\n th=| parelqou/sh| h(me/ra|, kai\ th=| a)piou/sh|, kai\ th=| e)chkou/sh|, kai\
th=| proterai/a|, kai\ th=| prote/ra|, kai\ th=| xqe/s: e)pi\ de\ tou= e)n au)th=|
praxqe/ntos xqizo/n, e(/wlon.
e)pi\ de\ th=s parou/shs h(me/ras th/meron kai\
sh/meron, kai\ h( e)nestw=sa kai\ h( e)nesthkui=a.
h( d' e)piou=sa h(me/ra ka
lei=tai au)/rion kai\ u(sterai/a kai\ u(ste/ra kai\ prosiou=sa.
th\n de\ met'
au)th\n ei)ka/sais a)\n w(s e)/nhfi *(hsi/odos
(
triaka/da ou(/tw le/gei.
i)di/ws de\ par' *)aqhnai/ois kalou=ntai triaka/des
e)pi\ tw=n teteleuthko/twn.
filotimo/teron de\ to\ prostiqe/nai th\n
ei)/s pro/qesin tai=s e)piou/sais h(me/rais, oi(=on ei)s au)/rion, kai\ ei)s th\n
e)piou=san, kai\ ei)s h(me/ran tri/thn, kai\ ei)s h(me/ran teta/rthn.
le/getai
de\ kai\ ei)s h(me/ran r(hth/n, ei)s h(\n a)\n o(risw/meqa, ei)s h(me/ran w(risme/nhn,
ei)s h(me/ran diwmologhme/nhn.
kai\ h(me/ra kuri/a h( e)pi/ tini tetagme/nh:
ka)\n xwri\s tou= h(me/ras ei)/pwsin oi( r(h/tores "parou/shs de\ th=s kuri/as"
kai\ "e)nestw/shs th=s kuri/as," prosupakou/etai to\ h(me/ras.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n
parelqousw=n h(merw=n h(me/ra tri/th, kai\ tri/thn tau/thn h(me/ran, kai\ ta\s
a)/llas o(moi/ws.
me/rh de\ h(me/ras peri/orqron, o)/rqros, u(polampou/shs h(me/ras,
u(pofainou/shs, u(po\ prw/thn e(/w, h(li/ou a)ni/sxontos, peri\ h(li/ou e)pitola/s,
prwi/, kai\ prwi\ th=s h(me/ras.
mesou/shs h(me/ras, peri\ meshmbri/an,
h(li/ou u(pe\r kefalh=s i(stame/nou, kli/nantos ei)s ta\ meshmbrina\ tou=
qeou=, dei/lhs, dei/lhs o)yi/as, kai\ meshmbrinou= kairou=, kai\ deilinou=
kairou=, h(li/ou ei)s to\ ka/tw r(e/pontos, o)ye\ th=s h(me/ras.
to\ ga\r
prwi/tata kai\ o)yi/tata ou)k e)pi\ h(me/ras me/rous a)ll' e)pi\ xro/nou
le/getai, oi(=on taxe/ws kai\ brade/ws, w(s e)pi\ tw=n ti pratto/ntwn pro\
kairou= h)\ meta\ kairo/n, prwi\ th=s h(liki/as kai\ prwi/teron kai\ prwi/
tata, kai\ o)ye\ th=s h(liki/as, o)yi/teron, o)yi/tata.
peri\ h(li/ou dusma/s,
e(spe/ras, o(/te h)/dh sunesko/taze.
kai\ skotai=oi a)fi/konto.
ta\ de\ th=s nukto\s me/rh nukto\s a)rxh/, kai\ peri\ prw/thn nu/kta,
kai\ nukto\s a)rxome/nhs, kai\ peri\ prw/tas fulaka\s kai\ deute/ras kai\
tri/tas, h)\ kaq' *(/omhron
(?
) peri\ prw/thn moi=ran.
h)\ peri\ prw=ton
u(/pnon, ei) mh\ eu)tele/s.
mesou/shs nukto/s, me/swn nuktw=n.
u(po\ to\
lukauge/s, o(/per *(/omhros
(peri\ a)lek
truo/nwn w)|da/s, a)lektruo/nwn a)|do/ntwn, u(po\ to\n w)|do\n o)/rniqa.
kai\ to\
me\n nukto/s ti pra=cai nuktereu=sai kai/ pou kai\ nukterinai\ fulakai/.
to\ de\ di' o(/lhs nukto\s dianuktereu=sai, kai\ to\ me\n e(spe/ras prosa
grupnh=sai kai\ e)fespereu=sai kai\ e)fespereu/sasqai, to\ de\ proanasth=nai
peri\ to\n o)/rqron e)porqreu/sasqai.
w(/ra de\ kai\ h(miw/rion, w(s *me/
nandros
(kai\
a)po\ skia=s de\ e)dhlou=to, oi(=on deka/pous h( skia\ kai\ e(ndeka/pous.
e)/sti de\ tw=n kairw=n kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata tou= xro/nou, to/te
kai\ po/te kai\ o(po/te, kai\ thni/ka kai\ phni/ka kai\ o(phni/ka kai\
h(ni/ka kai\ thnikau=ta.
kai\ pote/ kai\ pa/lai kai\ pro/palai kai\
tri/palai.
pro\ o)li/gou, pro\ pollou=.
met' o)li/gon, o)li/gw| u(/steron,
braxei= u(/steron.
a)/rti, o(/ e)sti pro\ mikrou=, kai\ nu=n dh/, o(/ e)sti
tau)to/n.
kai\ o(/lws polla\ th=s au)th=s i)de/as e)sti/n.
*fe/re dh\ kai\ peri\ oi)/kou fra/swmen.
oi)=kos, oi)ki/a, oi)/khsis, oi)kh
th/rion, e)noikhth/rion, katagwgh/, katagw/gion, u(podoxh/, kata/lusis,
kata/luma, kataluth/rion, cenw/n, au)lh/, e)ndiai/thma, ta/xa de\ kai\
kalu/bh kai\ skhnh/.
oi)kh=sai, e)noikh=sai, kata/gesqai, e)gkata/gesqai, e)ndiai
thqh=nai, katalu=sai, e)nauli/sai, e)nauli/sasqai, katauli/sasqai, skhnw=sai,
kataskhnw=sai.
ta\ me/ntoi e)ndiaith/mata, kai\ ai( kalu/bai, w(/sper kai\
ta\ e)nhbhth/ria, ou)k e)pi\ tw=n a)nagkai/wn oi)kh/sewn a)ll' e)pi\ tw=n terpnw=n
ta/ttetai.
kalei=tai de\ o( u(podexo/menos kai\ o( u(podexqei\s ce/nos, i)di/ws
de\ o( u(podexo/menos cenodo/xos.
a)/llws de\ o( despo/ths th=s oi)ki/as
stegano/mos: para\ de\ toi=s *dwrieu=si kai\ *ai)oleu=sin e(stiopa/mwn o)no
ma/zetai.
e)/nioi d' au)to\n kai\ nau/klhron e)ka/lesan, kai\ to\n u(pe\r th=s
katagwgh=s misqo\n nau=lon, o(/per e)noi/kion ou) para\ toi=s polloi=s mo/
non a)lla\ kai\ para\ toi=s palaioi=s kalei=tai, para\ de\ e)ni/ois kai\ stega
no/mion.
ei)/pois d' a)\n misqw/sasqai kai\ misqw=sai oi)=kon, o(/per *(hro/
dotos
(
au)lh/n."
me/rh d' oi)ki/as: au)/leios qu/ra, khpai/a qu/ra, a)mfi/quros, h(\n
*(/omhros
(
gi/an qu/ran.
ou)do\s o)do\s kai\ tw=n peri\ ta\s qu/ras merw=n qairo\s
me\n o( strofeu\s o)nomazo/menos, staqmoi\ de\ ta\ e(kate/rwqen cu/la
kata\ pleura\n tw=n qurw=n, a(\ kai\ parasta/das fasi/n.
au)ta\s de\
ta\s qu/ras sani/das *(/omhros
(to\ d' u(pe\r
au)ta\s u(perqu/rion h)\ u(pe/rquron, to\ de\ prou=xon tou= u(perquri/ou
gei=son kai\ geisw/mata.
ta\ de\ pro\s a)sfa/leian klei=qra, moxloi/, klei=des
kai\ klh=|des, e)piblh=tes, balana/grai, o)xei=s.
to\n de\ o)nomazo/menon
ko/raka korw/nhn *(/omhros
(a ei)sio/ntwn de\ pro/qura
kai\ propu/laia.
kai\ to\n me\n pulw=na o)nomazo/menon kai\ qurw=na
kalou=si, to\ de\ tou= pulwrou=ntos oi)/khma pulw/rion.
ei)=ta pro/domos
kai\ proau/lion: ei)=ta au)lh\ to\ e)/ndon, h(\n ai)/qousan *(/omhros
(*z
d ei)/pois d' a)\n to\n peri/stulon to/pon kai\ periki/ona
_kai\ ga\r stu=los kai\ ki/wn o)noma/zetai_kata\ de\ tou\s *)attikou\s
peri/stw|on.
stoa\n de\ ka/lei to\ me/ros au)tou=: stoa\ ga\r to\ ta
miei=on kalei=tai.
h( me/ntoi xrh=sis kai\ e)pi\ ta\ e)nanti/a te/traptai.
tw=n de\ oi)kiw=n pro/domos kai\ dw=ma kai\ dwma/tion kai\ koitw/n: ei) ga\r
kai\ *me/nandros
(
*)aristofa/nhs o( kwmw|dodida/skalos
(
teros au)tou=, ei)pw\n e)n *ai)olosi/kwni
koitw\n a(pa/sais ei(=s, pu/elos mi/' a)rke/sei.
a)ndrw/n, i(/na suni/asin oi( a)/ndres: e)ce/dra, i(/na sugka/qhntai.
sumpo/sion
e)k tou= e)/rgou w)nomasme/non: to\ d' au)to\ kai\ sussi/tion.
oi)=kos tri/
klinos penta/klinos h)\ deka/klinos, kai\ a(plw=s pro\s to\ tou= mege/
qous me/tron o( tw=n klinw=n a)riqmo/s.
qa/lamos, gunaikwni=tis, i(stew/n,
talasiourgiko\s oi)=kos, sitopoiiko/s, i(/na mh\ mulw=na w(s ou)k eu)/fhmon
o)noma/zwmen.
o)ptanei=on to\ kalou/menon mageirei=on, a)poqh=kai, ta
miei=a, qhsauroi/, fulakth/ria.
*cenofw=n de\ kai\ stegna\ kai\ ste/ghn
w)no/masen, ou(/tw pws u(peipw/n
(
dekakli/nw| %megaloste/gh|," kai\ pa/lin
(
"a)leeina/." kaloi=to d' a)\n to\ me\n u(po\ tou\s po/das e)/dafos, to\ d' u(pe\r
th\n kefalh\n o)/rofos kai\ o)rofh\ kai\ ste/gh.
kai\ u(po/stego/n ti
kai\ a)/stegon kai\ kata/stegon, kai\ u(pwro/fion kai\ o(mwro/fion.
to\
de\ metacu\ tou= o)ro/fou kai\ tou= ste/gous parwrofi/s.
to\ d' u(pera/nw
tou= o)ro/fou ste/gos, o(\ poihtikw=s te/gos le/getai.
ta\ d' u(pe\r au)to\
prou/xonta, w(s to\n o)/mbron a)peru/kein, protegi/smata.
ei)=ta u(perw=|a
oi)kh/mata, ta\ d' au)ta\ kai\ dih/rh.
ai( de\ probolai\ tw=n u(perw/|wn
oi)khma/twn, ai( u(pe\r tou\s ka/tw toi/xous prou/xousai, geishpo
di/smata, kai\ ta\ fe/ronta au)ta\s cu/la geish/podes.
a)mei/bontes d' ei)si\
cu/la e(kate/rwqen tw=n toi/xwn a)llh/lois a)ntereido/mena pro\s to\ tou\s
e)k me/sou u(yhlou\s o)ro/fous a)ne/xein du/nasqai.
*ploi=on, nau=s, o(lka/s, ska/fos, muriofo/ros nau=s: to\ de\ muria
gwgo\s eu)tele/s.
e(kato/ntoros, penthko/ntoros, triako/ntoros, ei)ko/soros.
e)nnh/rhs, e(pth/rhs, trih/rhs, dih/rhs, monh/rhs.
makra\ ploi=a, stroggu/la.
a)ka/tia, e)fo/lkia, e)folki/des, le/mboi, ku/daroi, gau=loi, ke/lhtes, kelh/tia,
e)paktri/des, e)paktroke/lhtes, ba/reis, porqmei=on, porqmi/s, a(lia/s, di/kro
ton, a)mfhriko/n, a)mfh/rhs, dih=res, di/kwpon, h(mioli/s, h(mioli/a,
ploi=on mono/culon.
kai\ *ptolemai/ou nau=s pentekaidekh/rhs, kai\ *)anti
go/nou tria/rmenos.
le/goito d' a)\n taxei=a nau=s kai\ taxunautou=sa,
kai\ droma/des o(lka/des, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(le/getai de\
kai\ barei=a nau=s, sitagwgo/s, sithgo/s, o(plitagwgo/s, stratiw=tis, stra
thgi/s, i(ppagwgo/s, forti/s, forthgo/s, forthgiko\n ploi=on kai\ w(s
*qoukudi/dhs le/gei
(
*(/omhros
(e)/sti de/ tina ploi=a *lu/kia lego/mena krioi\
kai\ tra/goi, w(s ei)ka/zein o(/ti toiou=to/n ti ploi=on kai\ o( tau=ros h)=n o(
th\n *eu)rw/phn a)pagagw/n.
pro/plous nau=s kai\ pro/ploi nh=es.
le/
gois d' a)\n ta\s nau=s kai\ porei=a qala/ttia kai\ o)xh/mata pela/gia.
kai\ oi( me\n e)rgazo/menoi th\n nau=n nauphgoi\ kai\ te/ktones,
filotimo/teron de\ neourgoi\ kai\ newpoioi\ kai\ trihropoioi\ kai\ ta\ o(/moia.
zwgra/foi, stuppeiopw=lai, sxoinosumbolei=s, xalkei=s, sidhrei=s.
ta\ d'
ei)s th\n kataskeuh\n xrh/sima sani/des, si/dhros, h(=loi, pitta/nia kai\
pi/tta, stuppei=on, ka/loi, khro/s, go/mfoi, kw=pai.
e)rei=s de\ gomfou=n
kai\ phgnu/ein kai\ a(rmo/zein, paktou=n kai\ pa/ktwsis.
me/rh de\ new\s dru/oxon, tro/pis, tro/pides, tropi/dia, stei=ra,
tropoi/.
to\ de\ th=| stei/ra| proshlou/menon fa/lkhs, e)f' ou(= h( deu
te/ra tro/pis.
kalei=tai de\ ou(=tos kai\ le/sbion kai\ kalxh/nh kai\ kleito
po/dion.
to\ de\ katalh=gon au)tou= e)pi\ th\n prw=ran proemboli/s, to\ de\
u(p' au)th\n e)/mbolon.
me/son de\ th=s proemboli/dos kai\ tou= e)mbo/lou h(
stei=ra kaloume/nh.
u(pe\r de\ to\ e)/mbolon delfi\s i(/statai, o(/tan h( nau=s
delfinofo/ros h)=|.
to\ de\ metacu\ tou= sto/lou kai\ th=s proemboli/dos ....:
o( sto/los d' e)sti\n u(pe\r th\n stei=ran, o(\s kai\ perikefalai/a kalei=tai.
to\ d' u(pe\r to\ prou=xon a)krosto/lion h)\ ptuxi\s o)noma/zetai, kai\
o)fqalmo/s, e)f' ou(= kai\ tou)/noma th=s new\s e)pigra/fousi.
th=| de\ stei/ra|
proshlou=tai o( kalou/menos fa/lkhs.
e)ndote/rw de/ e)stin e(kate/rwqen h(
e)folki/s, h(\n kai\ r(inwthri/an kalou=si.
to\ d' u(po\ th\n tro/pin teleu
tai=on proshlou/menon, tou= mh\ tri/besqai th\n tro/pin, xe/lusma kalei=tai.
kai\ to\ me\n e)/dafos th=s new\s ku/tos kai\ ga/stra kai\ a)mfimh/trion o)no
ma/zetai.
kaloi=to d' a)\n kai\ qa/lamos, ou(= oi( qala/mioi e)re/ttousi: ta\
de\ me/sa th=s new\s zuga/, ou(= oi( zu/gioi ka/qhntai, to\ de\ peri\ to\ ka
ta/strwma qra=nos, ou(= oi( qrani=tai.
kai\ o(/qen me\n ai( kw=pai e)kde/dentai,
skalmo/s, w(=| de\ e)kde/dentai, tropwth/r, kai\ tropw/sasqai nau=n.
to\
d' u(po\ to\n skalmo\n e)piskalmi/s.
to\ d' u(pokei/menon toi=s e)re/tais
u(phre/sion.
di' w(=n de\ diei/retai h( kw/ph, trh/mata.
to\ de\ pro\s au)tw=|
tw=| skalmw=| de/rma a)/skwma.
h( de\ para\ tou\s qrani/tas o(do\s pa/rodos,
para/qranos.
oi( de\ peri\ th\n stei=ran e(kate/rwqen parateino/menoi tro
poi\ prw=tos kai\ deu/teros, o( kai\ qala/mios.
e(pta\ d' %e)ni/ois a)ni/statai
h( trih/rhs, w(=n e(/kastos kata\ ta/cin kalei=tai, prw=tos bo/los kai\ deu/
teros kai\ e)fech=s.
o)noma/sais d' a)\n toi=xon decio\n kai\ eu)w/numon, kai\
seli/da, kai\ pleura/n.
to\ de\ zugo\n kalei=tai kai\ klhi\s kai\ se/lma.
th=s
de\ prw/ras ta\ e(kate/rwqen pareia\ kalei=tai kai\ ptera/.
e)/sti de/ ti
e(dw/lion prwratiko/n, e)f' ou(= ka/qhntai.
ta\ de\ peri\ th\n pru/mnan
prou/xonta cu/la perito/naia kalei=tai.
e)kei= pou kai\ skhnh\ o)noma/zetai
to\ phgnu/menon strathgw=| h)\ trihra/rxw|.
to\ de\ a)/kron tou= phdali/ou
oi)/ac: to\ de\ pa=n oi)/ac te kai\ phda/lion kalei=tai.
to\ de\ me/son
au)tou= fqei\r h)\ r(i/za h)\ u(po/zwma, to\ de\ teleutai=on pteru/gion, to\ de\
loipo\n au)xh/n.
i(/na de\ katakli/netai o( kubernh/ths, a)/gklima kalei=tai.
to\ me/son de\ th=s pru/mnhs sani/dion, ou(= to\ e)nto\s e)nqe/mion, to\ d'
a)phrthme/non au)tw=| e)pisei/wn.
ta\ de\ a)/kra th=s pru/mnhs a)/flasta ka
lei=tai, w(=n e)nto\s cu/lon o)rqo\n pe/phgen, o(\ kalou=si stuli/da: ou(= to\ e)k
me/sou krema/menon r(a/kos taini/a o)noma/zetai.
th=s de\ kw/phs to\ me\n
ou(= lamba/nontai oi( nau=tai, e)gxeiri/dion, to\ de\ me/son ou)ri/axos, to\ de\
teleutai=on ptera\ kai\ tarsoi\ kwpw=n.
kai\ to\ me\n u(podexo/menon to\n
i(sto\n lhno/s kalei=tai, to\ de\ e)narmozo/menon au)tw=| pte/rna, to\ de\
teleutai=on to\ pro\s th=| kerai/a| h)laka/th kai\ qwra/kion kai\ karxh/sion,
to\ de\ u(pe\r th\n kerai/an a)/traktos, ou(= kai\ au)to\n to\n e)pisei/onta
a)partw=si.
kai\ o( me\n me/gas kai\ gnh/sios i(sto\s a)ka/teios, o( de\ kato/pin
e)pi/dromos, o( de\ e)la/ttwn do/lwn.
kalei=tai de/ ti kai\ lo/ggasos.
th=s
de\ kerai/as to\ me/son to\ kata\ to\n i(sto\n a)/mbola kai\ cu/mbola, ta\
de\ e(kate/rwqen sune/xonta a)gku/lai, ta\ de\ teleutai=a a)kroke/raia.
e)a\n
d' h)=| kata/frakton to\ ploi=on, e)pinauphgou=ntai purgou=xoi, kai\ e)p'
au)tw=n purgi/a du/o, decio\n kai\ eu)w/numon, w(=n me/son to\ kata/strwma.
ta\ de\ cu/la e)f' w(=n ai( sani/des e)pi/keintai, kano/nia kai\ stami/nes.
to\
de\ sune/xon a)/nwqen e(kate/rous tou\s toi/xous perito/naion kalei=tai.
ei)/pois d' a)\n koi/lh nau=s, koi=lon ska/fos, e)/dafos new/s, ta\ ka/twqen
th=s new/s.
kai\ to\n to/pon de\ to\n pro\s tai=s kw/pais kwphth=ra ka
lou=sin.
ei)=ta pareceiresi/a, e)/mbolon, a)/ntlon, o(/qen kai\ u(pe/ran
tlon ska/fos.
h( d' a)noigome/nh quri\s ei)s e)kroh\n tou= u(/datos eu)di/aios
kalei=tai.
e)/sti de\ e)n th=| nhi\ i(sto/s, i(stodo/kh, kerai/a, sxoini/a, ka/loi,
pro/tonoi, kalw/|dia, pei/smata, a)po/gua, e)pi/gua, prumnh/sia: e)gxwrei=
ga\r tw=| o)no/mati xrh=sqai, ka)\n h)=| poihtiko/n.
a)/gkurai a)mfi/boloi,
a)mfi/stomoi, e(tero/stomoi: kai\ a)/gkura i(era/, h(=| xwri\s a)na/gkhs ou) xrw=ntai.
a)poba/qra kai\ diaba/qra, h(\n ska/lan kalou=sin.
oi( de\ sti/xoi tw=n kwpw=n
tarsw/mata kalou=ntai.
de/rreis, difqe/rai.
e)/sti de/ tis kai\ mhxanh\
kai\ troxo\s kai\ troxili/a, kai\ di' w(=n oi( ka/loi diei/rontai, kri/koi: to\
ga\r ki/rkoi poihtiko/n
(
ku/kloi.
ei)=ta qranei=a, u(phre/sion, e(/rmata, kai\ h(rmatisme/mh nau=s
kai\ a)nerma/tistos, konto/s, ka/dos, a)ntli/a, i(monia/.
ta\ de\ su/mpanta
skeu/h o(/pla kalei=tai: kai\ o( *cenofw=n
(
masta\" kai\ "cu/lina," *dhmosqe/nhs
(
w)no/masen.
oi( d' e)mple/ontes kubernh/ths, prwra/ths, nau/ths, e)re/ths, trihri/
ths, pro/skwpos, e)pi/kwpos, au)tere/ths: ou(/tw ga\r *qoukudi/dhs
(
iii 18, vi 91
peri/news: ou(/tw d' e)ka/lese
(
tou/tous
d' a)\n kai\ plwth=ras kaloi=en: to\ ga\r nauba/tas o)noma/zein tragikw/
teron, be/ltion de\ to\ e)pibebhko/tas kai\ e)mple/ontas.
ma/lista d' e)pi
ba/tas.
o( de\ toi/xarxos o)nomazo/menos lo/gw| a)\n le/goito toi/xwn
a)/rxwn.
o( de\ para\ th=| e)sxa/ra| e)sxareu/s.
ei)/h d' a)\n tw=n e)mpleo/ntwn
kai\ e)/mporos.
a)/llhs de\ xrei/as trih/rarxos, penthko/ntarxos, nau/arxos,
e)pistoleu/s: ou(/tw ga\r e)kalei=to o( e)pi\ tou= sto/lou dia/doxos tou= naua/r
xou.
o( de\ sto/los kaloi=t' a)\n kai\ a)po/stolos.
prosqete/on de\ tou/tois
kai\ trihrau/lhn kai\ keleusth/n.
kai\ pa/lin e(te/ras xrei/as a(lieu/s, i)xquoulko/s, a)spalieuth/s,
a)spalieu/s, purieuth/s, triodonti/a| xrw/menos, diktueu/s, diktuoulko/s,
porfureu/s, porfureuth/s, spoggoqh/ras.
ta\ de\ e)rgalei=a au)tw=n ka/
lamoi, r(a/bdoi, li/non, tri/xes i(/ppeioi, a)/gkistra, a)kidwta/, a)gkulw/
mata, di/ktua, a)mfi/blhstra, po/rkoi, ku/rtoi, gri=foi, pa/nagron li/non,
felloi/, molu/bdainai.
i)xquoqhrikh/, a(lieutikh/, u(groqhrikh/, a)g
kistreutikh/, e(rkoqhreutikh/, purieutikh/.
e)rei=s de\ nh/xesqai, nei=n, kolumba=n, du/esqai, ei)=ta
nh/kths, du/ths bu/qios, kolumbhth\s u(/falos, u(/fudros, e)pipola/zwn,
e)pinhxo/menos u(ponhxo/menos.
to\ de\ e)/rgon plei=n, e)mplei=n, e)kplei=n:
kai\ e)/kplous, a)po/plous, kata/plous.
nauti/llesqai, e)re/ttein, kw/pais
e)lau/nein, trihriteu/ein, kwphlatei=n.
kuberna=n de\ oi)aki/zein to\ ska/fos
kai\ kateuqu/nein, kalei/sqw de\ o( kubernh/ths o( e)pi\ tw=n oi)a/kwn kaqh/
menos, o( th=s new\s h(gemw/n, o( tw=n nautw=n a)/rxwn, o( e)pi\ toi=s oi)/acin
e(stw/s, kai\ kat' *)antifw=nta
(
kat' e)me\ o( podhgw=n: ke/klhtai de\ u(po\ poihtw=n kai\ h(ni/oxos th=s
new/s.
kai\ th=s new\s u(pokuberna=n, prokuberna=n e)pi\ tou= prw
ra/tou.
kalou=ntai de/ tines kai\ nautili/ai braxei=ai kai\ nautili/ai
makrai/.
ta\ de\ e)ntiqe/mena tai=s nausi\ fo/rtos, forti/a, a)gw/gima,
r(w=pos, go/mos, parenqh=kai.
a)f' w(=n r(h/mata e)piforti/sasqai kai\
gemi/sasqai kai\ e)nqe/sqai.
le/goito d' a)\n kai\ plhrw/sasqai kai\ pros
anaqe/sqai e)pi\ tou= katastrw/matos, e)mbale/sqai kai\ e)sbale/sqai.
e)k
qe/sqai, a)poforti/sasqai, koufi/sai th\n nau=n, e)pelafru=nai, e)kbolh\n
poih/sasqai tw=n forti/wn.
xwri/a e)piqalatti/dia, oi(=s e)/sti prossxei=n, a)kth/, h)|w/n, ai)gialo/s,
xhlh\ u(/formos, o(/rmos, limh/n.
lime/nos h)\ katagwgh=s e)/painos
eu)/ormos, eu)proso/rmistos, eu)/dios, eu)li/menos, eu)/stomos, baqu/s, a)gxi
baqh/s, e)n ske/ph| tw=n pneuma/twn, a)ph/nemos, nh/nemos, u(ph/nemos,
a)sfalh/s, a)ku/mwn, a)ki/ndunos, r(a/|dios prossxei=n, a)sfalh\s prosbalei=n:
ou)k a)\n dehqei/hs pei/smatos e)n au)tw=|.
baqei=s o(/rmoi, h(/suxoi, a)po/rru
toi, nh/nemoi, nau/loxoi.
to\ de\ e)/rgon nauloxei=n.
kai\ sto/ma lime/nos,
kai\ eu)/stomos limh\n kai\ eu)epi/miktos.
yo/gos de\ du/sormos, dus
proso/rmistos, duspro/smiktos, xeime/rios, a)li/menos_*(uperei/dhs
(
kai\ ponhro\n e)/xwn to\n ei)/sploun.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata katagage/sqai,
kata=rai, katapleu=sai, ei)spleu=sai, prossxei=n, prosbalei=n, ei)sormi/sasqai,
e)normi/sasqai, e)gkaqormi/sasqai, prosmi=cai th=| h)pei/rw|, katakolpi/
sasqai.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata katai/rousi me\n katagwgh/, kata/plous,
ka/tarsis, a)nagome/nois de\ a)nagwgh/, e)/kplous, a)/parsis.
a)naga
ge/sqai, e)kpleu=sai, a)pa=rai, e)cormi/sasqai.
e)/sti de/ tis kai\ xhlh\
lime/nos kai\ sto/ma kai\ muxo/s.
peri\ tou= e)/cw plou=: ei)resi/a| plei=n, a)ne/mw| plei=n: ei)/rhtai de\
kai\ i(stiokw/ph|, a)lla\ be/ltion ei)resi/a| kai\ pneu/mati.
a)fei=nai ei)s to\
pe/lagos, metew/rw| ei)resi/a|, pela/gioi e)ple/omen, mete/wroi e)ple/omen.
e)p' a)gkurw=n w(rmisa/meqa, mete/wroi w(rmisa/meqa, a)pesaleu/omen.
ai)/rontes a)po\ th=s gh=s, pa/nta a)nasei/santes ta\ i(sti/a, pa/nta
a)napeta/santes ta\ i(sti/a, pa=san e)kpeta/santes th\n o)qo/nhn, pa/nta
u(podeca/menoi to\n a)/nemon.
kou=fai nh=es, barei=ai nh=es, katabarei=s.
a)gku/ras bale/sqai, a)gku/ras kaqei=nai, katatei=nai, sth/sasqai th\n nau=n,
e)kdh/sasqai ta\ pei/smata.
to\ de\ e)nanti/on a)nele/sqai ta\s a)gku/ras,
a)naspa/sai, a)nelku/sasqai, lu=sai ta\ a)po/gua, a)nelku/sai th\n nau=n, newlkh=
sai, sth/sasqai e)pi\ tou= ai)gialou=, e)pi\ tou= nausta/qmou, e)n toi=s new
ri/ois, e)n toi=s newsoi/kois.
a)/llhs de\ xrei/as w)/keilen h( nau=s,
prosw/keilen, e)cw/keilen.
plou=s eu)/dios, h(du/s, a)sfalh/s, a)ki/ndunos, a)/lupos, w(rai=os.
au)/ras e)pipneou/shs, au)/ras lepth=s, praei/as, h(dei/as, ligura=s, zefuri/as,
zefu/rwn, a)ne/mou deciou= genome/nou, e)pigenome/nou, e)pipne/ontos, pros
pne/ontos, prope/mpontos, parape/mpontos, sumprope/mpontos, a)ne/
mou e)pikai/rou, forou=, e)pifo/rou, fili/ou.
di' a)kribou=s ai)qri/as, di'
a)nefe/lou tou= a)e/ros, katabai/nontos e)k gh=s tou= pneu/matos, katio/ntos
tou= a)ne/mou, e)k pru/mnhs e)pipne/ontos, kata\ pru/mnan tou= pneu/matos
e(sthko/tos, kata\ tw=n oi)a/kwn pne/ontos.
plh/rei tw=| i(sti/w|, u(po/plew|
th=| o)qo/nh|, a)ne/mw| kekrime/nw|.
e)ple/omen di' eu)di/as, dia\ galh/nhs, e)n
qala/tth| staqera=|, stadiai/a|, stasi/mw|, lei/a| qala/tth|, a)ku/moni, a)pra/
gmoni, nhnemi/as ou)/shs, peso/ntos tou= pneu/matos, eu)aeri/as ou)/shs,
eu)hmeri/as ou)/shs, taxuploi/as, e)pifrittou/shs h)re/ma th=s qala/tths
au)/ra| glukei/a|, e)n *(alkuoni/sin h(me/rais.
kai\ e)k tw=n e)nanti/wn e)/stin
e(rmhneu=sai ou) toia=sde ou)/shs th=s qala/tths, e)ple/omen w(s dia\ pota
mou=, th\n e)pipolh\n tou= ku/matos die/fritte to\ pe/lagos.
e)ple/omen pa/nta
a)nasei/santes ka/lwn, a(/pasi ka/lois, pa/nta a)ne/ntes ta\ i(sti/a, pa=san th\n
o)qo/nhn kaqe/ntes, ge/monti tw=| i(sti/w|, koi/lw| tw=| i(sti/w|, e)fe/ntes ta\
i(sti/a tw=| pneu/mati, ou)de\n u(posteila/menoi.
e)c ou)ri/as e)ple/omen, pa/nta
lu/santes ta\ i(sti/a, ei)s h(/misu steila/menoi ta\ i(sti/a, kaq' h(/misu a)nastei/
lantes, kaq' h(/misu a)ne/ntes, u(fe/ntes ti th=s kerai/as, kaqe/ntes braxu\
th=s kerai/as.
to\ de\ eu)di/an ei)=nai kai\ w(=de shmanei=s.
i)xqu/wn qh/ra h)=n, i)xqu/wn
eu)agri/a, eu)qhri/a, a)spalieutai\ ei)rga/zonto, kolumbhtai\ e)pikatedu/onto,
e)peto/lmwn th=| qala/tth|, a(lie/wn h)=n eu)pragi/a.
ta\ de\ e)nanti/a xei
mw/n, klu/dwn, kludw/nion, za/lh, trikumi/a, qa/latta traxei=a, koi/lh
qa/latta kai\ koilainome/nh kai\ traxunome/nh.
kai\ o( po/ros e)traxu/
neto, kumati/as h)=n, e)ku/mainen, e)kumatou=to.
kai\ ku/mata mete/rrei,
mete/pipten, e)ne/pipten, h)gri/aine.
frikw/dhs h)=n h( qa/latta, taraxw/dhs.
e)panista/menon to\ ku=ma, a)nqista/menon, a)nista/menon.
sa/los ai)ro/menos.
ku=ma i(sta/menon, e)geiro/menon, u(pokinou/menon, kurtou/menon, e)kbiazo/
menon, e)launo/menon, e)lau=non, e)panaxwrou=n th=| gh=|, e)panabai=non kata\
r(axi/an, e)panio\n, prosio\n e)pi\ th\n gh=n.
su/rtis, a)/mpwtis.
ku=ma kwfo\n
u(pekinei=to.
e)koilai/neto h( qa/latta.
a)/nemos bi/aios, sklhro/s, du/sforos, tufw/n, prhsth/r, kataigi/s,
stro/bilos.
a)/nemos e)cw/sths, e)cwqw=n, u(pofe/rwn, parafe/rwn, prowqw=n,
e)lau/nwn, kata\ kefalh\n e)pei/gwn.
a)ne/mou kata\ prw=ran e(sthko/tos,
pneu/matos a)nqesthko/tos, a)nti/ou pne/ontos tou= pneu/matos, pro\s a)/ne
mon e)nanti/on, a)/nemon a)nti/prwron e)/xontes, a)kri/twn o)/ntwn tw=n
pneuma/twn, a)ntipneo/ntwn, pantaxo/qen sumpeso/ntwn, pantaxo/qen
surrage/ntwn.
la/brou o)/ntos tou= pneu/matos, a)me/trou, e)kme/trou.
kata\
pleura\n a)ne/mou biazome/nou, e)k toi/xwn e)mpi/ptontos h)\ peripne/ontos
h)\ a)nwqou=ntos h)\ periara/ttontos.
*eu)/polis
(
"a)/nemon a)selgh=" ei)=pe to\n bi/aion: ei)/h d' a)\n o(/moion kai\ to\ u(bristh\s
a)/nemos.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n kai\ pneu/matos maxome/nou, a)nqesthko/tos, a)nti
pra/ttontos.
kai\ kukwme/nhs th=s qala/tths, kai\ r(ou= maxome/nou h)\
parasu/rontos, katasu/rontos, paratre/pontos, u(pofe/rontos, parafe/
rontos, w)qou=ntos, a)pwqou=ntos, biazome/nou, u(fe/lkontos, a)ntirre/ontos.
u(paini/ttetai de/ ti toiou=ton kai\ to\ *cenofw/nteion
(?
), to\ spouda/zon
tos tou= qeou=, ei) mh\ a)/ra to\ pnei=n e)k th=s gh=s a)/nemon ou(/tws
ei)/rhken w(s ei)s a)nagwgh\n kairo\n ei)=nai.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n, a)peiqe/sterai
toi=s kubernh/tais h)=san ai( nh=es, a)peiqei=s, duspeiqei=s, dusa/gwgoi, a)na/
gwgoi: ta\ phda/lia ou)x u(ph/kouen, ou)k h)=n diagagei=n tou\s oi)/akas,
ou)k h)=n perife/rein ta\ phda/lia.
nefelw/dhs h)=n o( a)h/r, a)xluw/dhs,
zofw/dhs, me/las, baqu/s, sunne/felos, sunnefh/s, skotw/dhs.
nukti\ ta\
pa/nta e)w/|kei, ou)de\n proefai/neto, ou)k h)=n to\n h(/lion i)dei=n, tuflw/t
tousin e)w/|keimen, a)qe/atos h)=n u(po\ nefw=n o( ou)rano/s.
u(perei=xe to\
ku=ma, u(pe\r tou\s toi/xous a)ne/bh, u(perkate/bh, ei)s koi/lhn th\n nau=n
ei)se/pese.
ka/tantlon h)=n to\ ska/fos.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n: e)ple/omen a)po\ ka/
lwn, e)k mo/nhs th=s kerai/as, yilh=| th=| kerai/a|, e)n xrw=| th=s gh=s para
ple/ontes, e)k ka/lwn e(/lkontes th\n nau=n.
ta\ de\ pa/qh ou(/tws a)\n ei)/pois: xeima/zesqai, saleu/ein, w)qei=sqai,
a)pwqei=sqai, parasu/resqai, sugklu/zesqai, katasu/resqai, katadu/esqai,
bapti/zesqai, a)natre/pesqai, peritre/pesqai, o)kei=lai, e)cokei=lai, kaqe/lkesqai,
kataspa=sqai, nauagei=n, perirrh=cai/ pou th\n nau=n, prosara/cai, pe
riara/cai, periqrau=sai.
kai\ a)/llws, dialuqei/shs th=s new/s, a)noixqei/shs,
diasta/shs th=s a(rmoni/as, tou= i(stou= a)poklasqe/ntos, periklasqe/ntos,
a)paraxqe/ntos, periaxqe/ntos, tw=n phdali/wn periqrausqe/ntwn, a)por
rage/ntwn.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata nauagi/a, kataklusmo/s, e)piklusmo/s.
e)rei=s
de\ kai\ "diatoixei=n e)/dei." to\ ga\r a)natoixei=n i)diwtiko/n.
oi(=s d' e)/sti nau=n peripesei=n e)n xeimw=ni, e(/rmata e(/rmata kru/fia,
pe/trai u(/faloi, sko/peloi, spila/des, bra/xh, xoira/des, a)/krai xeime/rioi,
kath/nemoi, o)cei=ai, sklhrai/, peripetei=s, a(litenei=s, a)porrw=ges, a)pro/smiktoi,
a)prospe/lastoi, traxu\s ai)gialo/s, h)|w\n sklhra/, pro/sgeios qa/latta, kai\
ei)/ tis bia/zoito, u(po/geios, a)baqh/s, phlw/dhs, telmatw/dhs.
e)rei=s de\ o)/mbros e)/pese, prose/pese, katerru/h, e)pikaterru/h,
kathne/xqh, e)pikathne/xqh, e)perra/gh, e)cerra/gh, katerra/gh, katexei=to.
kataklusmo/s, e)piklusmo/s, ka/qodos u(/datos, fora/, katafora/, a)/fesis,
o(rmh/, e)pirroh/, katabolh/, e)kbolh/.
bi/aios o)/mbros, polu/s, r(o/qios,
e)launo/menos, e)peigo/menos, pukno/s, sunexh/s, e)cai/sios.
a)kratei=s tw=n
kwpw=n h)=san oi( nau=tai, u(grai\ h)=san ai( a)ntilh/yeis, ai( xei=res w)li/sqa
non, periwli/sqanon, a)pwli/sqanon, parefe/ronto a)po\ tw=n kwpw=n,
e)ce/pipton, ou)k e)nh=n a)nafe/rein, e)cai/rein ta\s kw/pas.
a)straph\ e)ce/lamyen, e)cerra/gh, e)ch/strayen, e)cetri/fqh, e)pe/sxe
ta\ o)/mmata, e)ta/race, suneta/racen, e)ce/plhce ta\s yuxa/s, e)ceqoru/bhse,
sune/xee, qo/rubon e)nepoi/hse tai=s gnw/mais.
lampra/, u(pe/rlampros, dia/
puros, flogw/dhs, e)kplhktikh/, blosura/, a)pro/soptos, duspro/soptos,
dusanti/bleptos, du/soptos, a)nti/tupos.
w(s a)poskotou=n ta\ o)/mmata,
w(s sugxe/ai ta\s o)/yeis, w(s e)kptoh=sai ta\s gnw/mas, w(s sugklei/sasqai
tou\s o)fqalmou/s.
bronth\ sklhra/, traxei=a, biai/a, barei=a, u(permege/
qhs, pammege/qhs, e)cetri/fqh, e)cerra/gh, e)rra/gh, proserra/gh, e)ch/
xhsen, perih/xhsen, e)cebo/mbhsen, periebo/mbhsen, e)cebro/nthsen,
e)pebro/nthsen, e)cektu/phsen, e)ne/pese tai=s a)koai=s, e)phrei/sqh, e)ph/rwse
ta\s a)koa/s, e)cepa/tace ta\s gnw/mas, mikrou= e)mbronth/tous tou\s e)m
ple/ontas e)poi/hsen, e)kkekwfhme/nois e)w/|keimen.
ta\ de\ th=s naumaxi/as: ai( me\n fe/rousai trih/reis, makra\ ploi=a,
taxei=ai nh=es, kata/frakta ploi=a, oi( de\ a)/rxontes trih/rarxoi kai\ penth
ko/ntarxoi kai\ nau/arxoi kai\ e)pistolei=s.
to\ de\ pra=gma nauarxi/a,
trihrarxi/a, penthkontarxi/a.
th=s de\ tou= naua/rxou new\s to\ o)/noma
nauarxi\s kai\ strathgi/s.
oi( de\ e)re/tai zu/gioi, qala/mioi, qrani=tai.
oi(
d' e)pi\ tou= katastrw/matos ma/ximoi.
ta\ de\ o(/pla ta\ me\n th=s new\s
de/rreis kai\ difqe/rai kai\ xalka= e)/mbola, o(/qen kai\ xalke/mboloi ai(
trih/reis, ta\ de\ tw=n e)mpleo/ntwn a)spi/des, qw/rakes, knhmi=des, kra/nh,
ci/fh, dorudre/pana, xei=res sidhrai=: pro\s de\ ta\s e)pibola\s au)tw=n a)nte
sofi/zonto bu/rsas proshlou=ntes pro\s ta\ toixi/smata tw=n new=n,
o(/pws o( si/dhros o)lisqa/nh| pro\s to\ a)nti/tupon a)ntilabh\n ou)k e)/xwn.
kontoi=s a)pewqou=nto kai\ dih=gon a)p' a)llh/lwn ta\ ska/fh.
plhrw/
mata de\ e)ntelh=, a)kribh=, kateskeuasme/na, eu)do/kima, e)ntelo/misqa:
th\n de\ toiau/thn nau=n *lusi/as
(
kai\ ta\ me\n kalw=s peplhrwme/na sugkekrothme/na, ta\ de\ w(s e(te/rws
a)plh/rwta kai\ h(miplh/rwta kai\ a)sugkro/thta.
kai\ ai( me\n plo/imoi
nh=es, ai( de\ a)/plooi: kai\ ai( me\n a)qala/sseutoi kai\ a)kraifnei=s kai\ chrai\
kai\ dieyugme/nai, ai( de\ e)nteqalatteukui=ai, di/ugroi, a)raiai/, dia/broxoi.
to\ de\ fula/ttein tina\s e)formei=n kai\ nauloxei=n, kai\ to\ a)ntikaqesthke/nai
pro\s naumaxi/an a)nqormei=n kai\ a)nteformei=n, kai\ to\ prosedreu/ein
prosormei=n, kai\ to\ proekpleu=sai proecormei=n kai\ proormei=n, kai\
to\ sth/sasqai th\n nau=n prosormi/sasqai, kai\ to\ e)n ku/klw| periplei=n
nh=son kai\ proskaqh=sqai nh/sw| poliorkhtikw=s a)po\ new=n, periormei=n.
kai\ periormi/zein th\n nau=n peri\ to\ xw=ma/ fhsi *dhmosqe/nhs
(
tw=| de\ qa=tton poih/santi tou=to a)=qlon ste/fanos h)=n.
e)/sti de\ au)tw=|
lo/gos kai\ peri\ tou= trihrarxh/matos
(
xro/nos o(/n tis e)petrihra/rxhsen e)ch/kontos me\n au)tw=| tou= kairou=, bra
du/nontos de\ tou= diado/xou.
ta\ de\ e)/rga: a)na/gesqai, prosanapeira=sqai,
e)corma=n th\n nau=n, kai\ to\ plei=n kai\ e)kplei=n, periplei=n, diekplei=n,
a)pela/sai th\n nau=n.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata a)nagwgh/, a)na/peira, plou=s,
peri/plous, e)pi/plous, die/kplous.
ei)=ta sth=sai ta\s nau=s kata\ stoi=xon,
pukna/s, e)k diasthma/twn.
a)rqh=nai ta\ shmei=a, a)ntana/gesqai, a)nt
epipleu=sai, prosepipleu=sai, proekplei=n, naumaxh=sai, surragh=nai, sumpe
sei=n, e)mbalei=n, a)narrh=cai, katatrw=sai, a)narrh=cai th\n pareceire
si/an, a)narrh=cai th\n prw=ran, a)noi=cai th\n nau=n u(po\ th\n e)mbolh/n,
a)/plous poih=sai ta\s nau=s, au)ta/ndrous katadu=sai, bapti/sai, katanau
maxh=sai, a)nadh/sasqai, ai)xmalw/tous labei=n, e)fe/lkesqai.
kai\ to\ me\n
ei)s e)mbolh\n u(pagagei=n ei)s tou)pi/sw th\n nau=n a)nakrou/sasqai, to\ d'
ei)s fugh\n "pru/mnan krou/sasqai:" ei)/rhke de\ *qoukudi/dhs
(
`51. 2, 54. 2 etc.kai\ traumatisqeisw=n tw=n new=n.
ta\s de\ pe
ponhkui/as kai\ kekakwme/nas e)/sti qerapeu=sai, e)piskeua/sai, e)piskeua/sa
sqai, zeu=cai, zeu/casqai.
ei)/h d' a)\n e)k new=n kai\ a)pobai/nein poi th=s
polemi/as kai\ e)kbai/nein, kai\ a)poba/seis poiei=sqai, kai\ katasu/rein lei/an
ei)s ta\s nau=s.
*au)toi\ me\n oi( a)/ndres stratiw=tai, ma/ximoi, skeuofo/roi, u(paspi
stai/, i(ppagwgoi/, i(ppoko/moi.
kai\ tw=n maxome/nwn to\ me\n e)/mprosqen
me/twpon kai\ zugo\n kai\ pro/swpon, kai\ ta\ e(kate/rwqen a)/kra pleura\
kai\ ke/rata, decio\n kai\ eu)w/numon, to\ de\ me/son o)mfalo/s, to\ de\ ba/qos
stoi=xos kalei=tai.
kai\ to\ me\n e)fech=s ei)=nai kata\ mh=kos zugei=n, to\ d'
e)fech=s kata\ ba/qos stoixei=n.
kai\ o( me\n e)k decia=s tou= prw/tou zugou=
prwtosta/ths, kai\ pa=n to\ me/twpon prwtosta/tai: o( de\ par' e(/kaston
tatto/menos parasta/ths, o( de\ par' au)to\n e)co/pisqen e)pista/ths.
to\ de\
e)pi\ pa=sin e)n tw=| ba/qei zugo\n ou)ra\ kai\ ou)ragoi/: kaloi=to d' a)\n o(mw
nu/mws kai\ o( a)/rxwn au)tw=n ou)rago/s.
kalou=ntai de\ kai\ o)pisqo
fu/lakes, kai\ to\ e)/rgon ou)ragei=n kai\ o)pisqofulakei=n.
to\ de\ su/mpan
stratia/, strato/s, stra/teuma, stratiwtiko/n, fa/lagc, ta/gma, su/ntagma:
me/rh d' au)tou= muriostu/s, xiliostu/s, penthkostu/s, lo/xos, deka/s, pempa/s.
kai\ oi( a)/rxontes oi( me\n tou= panto\s strathgoi\ kai\ sustra/thgoi kai\
u(postra/thgoi, w(/sper oi( a)poxeirotonhqe/ntes a)postra/thgoi: ta
ci/arxoi kai\ ou)ragoi\ kai\ muri/arxoi kai\ xili/arxoi kai\ loxagoi\ kai\
e(kato/ntarxoi kai\ deka/darxoi kai\ pempa/darxoi, kai\ tw=n i(ppe/wn
i(/pparxoi kai\ fu/larxoi.
*qhbai/wn de\ i)/dion boiwta/rxhs, kai\ *lakedai
moni/wn basileu/s, kai\ *)aqhnai/wn e)n me/rei pole/marxos, kai\ *qettalw=n
tago/s, kai\ misqofo/rwn cenago/s.
le/gw de\ nu=n ou) pro\s a)kri/beian
tauti\ ta\ o)no/mata: makrou= ga\r tau=ta dei=tai kairou= kai\ lo/gou, o(po/tan
taktiko\n u(mi=n h)\ strathgiko\n suntiqw= bibli/on, o(/te kai\ peri\ plaisi/ou
kai\ tou= e(teromh/kous plaisi/ou, kai\ tou= e)pi\ me/twpon kli=nai kai\
e)p' ou)ra\n kai\ e)p' a)spi/da kai\ e)pi\ do/ru, kai\ tw=n merw=n te kai\ a)rxo/n
twn kai\ e)/rgwn kai\ kinh/sewn kaq' e(/kasta safhniw=.
e)k de\ th=s skeuh=s oi( a)/ndres w(=de o)noma/zontai.
th\n me\n ga\r skeuh\n
klhte/on kai\ o(/plisin kai\ e)coplisi/an kai\ sa/ghn kat' ei)=dos ma/xhs, kai\
a)/ndras eu)o/plous w(s tou= stratiwtikou= ge/nous o)/ntas.
oi( d' ei)si\n
o(pli=tai, o(plofo/roi, barei=s, a)kribei=s, mo/nimoi, sta/simoi, maxairofo/roi,
pa/lin d' au)= peltastai/, peltofo/roi, gumnh=tes, kou=foi, e)lafroi/,
eu)/koloi, eu)xerei=s, yiloi/, sfendonh=tai, liqobo/loi, toco/tai, tocofo/roi,
i(pph=s, i(ppakontistai/, i(ppotoco/tai, doratofo/roi, kontofo/roi,
u(paspistai/, skeuofo/roi, i(ppagwgoi/, a(/mippoi.
du/o d' ou(=toi
ei)=xon i(/ppous, kai\ o( e(/teros prosh/rthto qate/rw|, kai\ memeleth/kesan
metaphda=n ei)s e(ka/teron: h)=n d' au)toi=s to\ so/fisma tou= a)kraifneste/rois
xrh=sqai pro\s ta\ e)/rga toi=s i(/ppois, o(/pws o(dou/s te makrote/ras dia
nu/oien kai\ ei)=en au)toi=s a)kopw/teroi.
h)=n de/ ti kai\ e(/teron ei)=dos i(ppe/wn,
dima/xai, *)aleca/ndrou to\ eu(/rhma, koufote/ran pezou= o(pli/tou kai\ ba
rute/ran i(ppe/ws e)/xontes skeuh/n, e)chskhme/noi pro\s a)/mfw, kai\ th\n e)k
gh=s kai\ th\n a)f' i(/ppou ma/xhn, o(/pws e)n me\n toi=s i(ppasi/mois i(p
peu/oien, ei) de/ toi ei)s a)/fippa a)fi/kointo, mh\ ei)=en a)po/maxoi panta/pasi,
mhde\ pa/qoien to\ pa/qhma to\ *lu/dion: a)lla\ to\n me\n i(/ppon parela/mba
nen e)cepi/thdes e)p' au)tw=| tou/tw| parepo/meno/s tis u(phre/ths, o( d'
e)k tou= i(/ppou kataba\s eu)qu\s o(pli/ths h)=n.
o(/plwn o)no/mata, a)munth/ria, a)lechth/ria, skepasth/ria, fulakth/
ria, e)k xeiro\s xrh/sima, a)gxe/maxa, blh/mata, be/lh, pa/nta ta\ a)fie/mena.
a)spi\s kai\ ta\ me/rh th=s a)spi/dos, o)mfalo\s kai\ mesomfa/lion kai\
e)pomfa/lion kai\ o)/xanon kai\ i)/tus kai\ ku/klos kai\ a)/ntuc.
a)spi\s oi)
sui/+nh, a)spi\s a)po\ cu/lou, a)spi\s a)po\ bu/rshs, a)spi\s w)moboi/+nh, a)spi\s
xalkh=, par' *(omh/rw| de\ kai\ xrush= kai\ a)p' a)rgu/rou kai\ katti
te/rou.
le/getai de\ kai\ *niki/as porfu/ran kai\ xruso\n mi/cas kosmh=sai
th\n a)spi/da.
gi/netai de\ kai\ promh/khs a)spi/s, tetra/gwnos, periferh/s,
kukloterh/s, koi/lh, e(teromh/khs.
pe/lth *)amazonikh/, w(s fhsi\ *ce
nofw=n
(
me/rh tou= qw/rakos pte/ruges, kai\ to\ me/son au)tou= gu/alon.
*)ia/swn de\
o( *qettalo\s kai\ h(miqwra/kia proseceu=re.
qw/rakes de\ oi( me\n folidwtoi/,
oi( de\ e)c a(lu/sewn.
e)/sti de/ tis kai\ "spola\s a)nti\ qw/rakos." perike
falai/a, kunh=, kra/nos.
kai\ tou/tou ta\ me/rh to\ me\n u(pe\r to\ me/
twpon o(mwnu/mws tw=| me/rei, ta\ d' u(p' au)tw=| o)fru/es, kai\ to\ u(pe\r
au)ta\s probeblhme/non gei=son, to\ de\ e)p' au)th=| th=| kefalh=| e)pi/kranon,
kai\ to\ u(pe\r au)to\ lo/fos kai\ lofia\ kai\ trilofi/a.
lo/fos eu)anqh/s,
u(akinqinobafh/s.
ta\ de\ peri\ tai=s xersi\ problh/mata o(mwnu/mws tw=|
me/rei xei=res kalou=ntai, knhmi=des de\ podw=n.
ci/fos, ma/xaira, e)gxei
ri/dion, ci/fous a)kmh/, ci/fous labh\ kai\ prolabh/, ci/fous telamw/n, ou(=
to\ ci/fos e)ch=ptai.
kopi/s.
h( de\ qh/kh tou= ci/fous kouleo/s.
lo/gxh,
custo/n, ka/mac, a)ko/ntion.
a)ko/ntisma kai\ to\ o(/plon kai\ to\ e)/rgon.
do/ru, konto/s.
kai\ h( qh/kh tou= do/ratos dourodo/kh, kai\ ta\ me/rh to\
me\n te/los saurwth/r, to\ de\ me/son a)gku/lh.
kai\ to\ me\n e)/rgon
e)nagkuli/sasqai, to\ de\ prou=xon ai)xmh\ kai\ e)pidorati\s kai\ stu/rac.
h)=n
de\ kai/ tina do/rata "nau/maxa," w(s fhsi\n *(/omhros
(
mh/kous xrei/an sunhrmosme/na e)k sumbolw=n.
drepa/nh, dorudre/panon.
pe/lekus a)mfi/stomos, e(tero/stomos.
ta/xa d' a)\n prosqei/h tis tou/tois
kai\ th\n cuh/lhn th\n *lakwnikh/n.
sfendo/nh, li/qos, to/con kai\ ta\
tou= to/cou me/rh, ke/ras kai\ neura\ kai\ oi)sto/s.
to\ au)to\ kai\
be/los kai\ to/ceuma: *qoukudi/dhs
(
kalei=.
ei)si\ de\ kai\ purfo/roi oi)stoi/.
kai\ tou= be/lous to\ me\n e)pterw
me/non ei)/pois a)\n kefalh\n be/lous, o( de\ si/dhros a)ki/s, kai\ th=s a)ki/dos
o)/gkoi me\n ai( pro\s tw=| kala/mw|, glwxi=nes de\ ai( pro\s th=| a)kmh=| pro
bolai/.
i)ste/on de\ o(/ti kai\ foi/nikos spa/qh| *)ara/bwn tine\s a)nti\ ke/rws
e)xrw=nto, kai\ li/qw| o)cei= a)nti\ sidh/rou *ai)qi/opes.
kai\ e)/xrion ta\s a)ki/das
i)w=| farmakw/dei *)/arabes.
prosariqmhte/on tou/tois kai\ ta\ barbarika/, sa/rissan *makedoni
kh\n to\ do/ru, kai\ palto\n *mhdiko\n to\ a)ko/ntion, kai\ a)kina/khn *persiko\n
cifi/dio/n ti, tw=| mhrw=| proshrthme/non, kai\ saga/reis *skuqika/s.
*)/arabes
de\ kai\ strouqw=n dorai=s a)nti\ qwra/kwn h)\ a)spi/dwn e)fra/ttonto.
fruktoi/, pursoi/, kai\ mhxanh/mata krioi/, pu/rgoi, e(lepo/leis,
mhxanai/, kai\ katapa/ltai *makedonikoi/, kai\ xelw=nai.
xrei/a d' ei)s tou\s pole/mous skeuofo/rwn me\n o)/nwn, e)peskeuas
me/nwn bow=n de\ u(f' a(ma/cais, h(mio/nwn de\ pro\s a)/mfw, kamh/lwn de\
e)pisesagme/nwn ta\ skeu/h.
*ba/ktrioi de\ kai\ ma/xontai a)po\ tw=n kamh/lwn,
kai\ ei)si\n au)toi=s i(/ppwn me\n w)ku/terai to\ ta/xos, e)kplhktikw/terai de\
dia\ me/geqos kai\ dasu/thta, e)nergo/terai de\ dia\ to\ a)diyei=n kai\ ma=llon
du/nasqai ponei=n.
i(/ppwn me/ntoi kai\ e)lefa/ntwn a)/ntikrus xrei/a pro\s
ta\s ma/xas.
kai\ o( me\n a)/gwn e)le/fanta e)lefantagwgo\s kalei=tai, o(
d' e)p' au)toi=s a)/rxwn e)lefanta/rxhs.
fra/ttontai de\ kai\ oi( i(/ppoi
o(/plois, prometwpidi/ois, parwpi/ois, parhi/ois, prosternidi/ois, para
pleuridi/ois, paramhridi/ois, periknhmidi/ois.
le/gontai de\ i(/ppoi
teqwrakisme/noi, pefragme/noi, w(plisme/noi.
*li/bues de\ kai\ a)po\
di/frwn kai\ i(/ppwn e)pezeugme/nwn, w(/sper oi( *(omh/rou h(/rwes, ma/xontai:
*(/omhros ga\r ou)k oi)=de moni/ppous i(ppe/as.
w(=n oi( me\n u(po\ tw=| zugw=|
zu/gioi, oi( d' e(kate/rwqen parh/oroi kai\ para/seiroi kai\ seirafo/roi kai\
seirai=oi, kai\ ai( tou/twn h(ni/ai seirai\ kai\ parhori/ai.
e)pibebh/kasi de\
tou= a(rmatei/ou di/frou h(ni/oxos kai\ paraba/ths: o(\n o( *pla/twn
(
`119 bkalei=tai de/ tis *libukh\ difrei/a,
h( de\ *persikh/, h( de\ *lakwnikh/.
me/rh de\ tou= a(/rmatos di/fros, u(perteri/a, a)/ntuc, i)/tus.
h(
me\n i(ma/ntwsis tou= di/frou to/nos kalei=tai, to\ d' u(pera/nw au)tou= peri/
fragma, o(\ sku/tei ei)/wqe perilamba/nesqai, ta/rrion.
trei=s d' e)/xontos
tou= tarri/ou pleura\s ta\s kata\ tou\s i(/ppous, to\ a)nw/taton cu/lon
kapa/nac kalei=tai decio\s kai\ eu)w/numos, h( de\ me/sh r(a/bdos kapa/nh, e)f'
ou(= d' a)napau/etai, mesa/tion, e)mpro/sqion.
ai( de\ di/dumoi ai( ei)s
tou\s i(/ppous ble/pousai a)po\ th=s kapa/nhs me/xri tou= kurti/ou meth=lai,
to\ de\ kurtou/menon a)spidi/skh, to\ d' a)po\ tau/ths u(po\ to\n to/non kekam
me/non a)zhli/s.
ta\ d' e)ggw/nia ta\ e)nto\s tou= di/frou gwni/ai h)\ a)gkw=nes
h)\ a)/strhta.
tw=n de\ plagi/wn pleurw=n ai( e)pa/nw r(a/bdoi, ai(
e(/ws ka/tw tei/nousai, kufw=nes, ai( de\ u(p' au)toi=s me/sai r(a/bdoi e(/ws
tou= to/nou u(pokufw/nia h)\ killi/bantes h)\ killobo/roi.
ta\ d' e)ggw/nia,
ou(= e)mpi/ptousin ai( pla/giai pleurai/, qairoi/ to\ de\ pro\ tou= to/nou, ou(=
prw=ton e)pibai/nousin oi( a)nabai/nontes, pte/rna.
to\ de\ o(/lon e)pi/qhma
kalei=tai u(perteri/a, to\ d' u(pokei/menon a)/cwn, tw=n de\ perieiloume/nwn
tw=| a)/coni troxw=n to\ me\n peri\ tai=s a(yi=si sidhrou=n e)pi/swtron, h( de\
a(yi\s kai\ sw=tra kalei=tai, ai( de\ e)nhrmosme/nai au)th=| r(a/bdoi knh=mai.
to\ de\ keno\n tou= troxou= to\ e)narmozo/menon tw=| a)/coni su/rigc.
to\ de\
e)f' e(ka/sth| knh/mh| sidhrou=n a)eto/s.
au)to\ de\ to\ perieilou/menon tw=|
a)/coni plh/mnh.
to\ de\ u(pera/nw au)tou= sidh/rion daktu/lios.
to\ de\ sun
de/on pro\s th\n plh/mnhn ta\s knh/mas sidh/rion plhmno/deton h)\ qw/rac.
to\ d' e)nto\s th=s plh/mnhs sidh/rion, o(\ tri/bei to\n a)/cona, ga/rnon h)\
de/stron.
to\ de\ kwlu=on e)kpi/ptein to\n troxo\n e)mphgnu/menon tw=| a)/coni
paraco/nion h)\ w(s *gorgi/as e)pi/bolos h)\ w(s *)eratosqe/nhs
(
e)/mbolos.
ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen te/lh tou= troxou= daktu/lioi, w(/sper kai\
tou= a)/conos ta\ e(kate/rwqen te/lh a)kraco/nia.
ta\ de\ tw=| a)/coni e)gkei/
mena sidh/ria kai\ tribo/mena u(po\ tou= troxou=, qu/rai.
o( de\ tou= pa
raconi/ou desmo\s e)mbolode/ths.
to\ de\ a)poteino/menon a)po\ tou= di/frou
cu/lon r(umo/s, ou(= to\ te/los a)krorru/mion, u(/perqen de\ e)kde/detai to\
zugo/n: ta\ de\ suna/ptonta au)to\ desma\ zugo/desma kalei=tai.
o( de\ pa/t
talos o( dieiro/menos a)po\ tou= zugou= e)pi\ to\n r(umo/n, w(=| ta\ zugo/desma
perieli/ttetai, e(/stwr.
ta\ de\ koi=la tou= zugou=, u(f' a(\ u(pa/gontai oi(
i(/ppoi, zeu=glai, w(=n ta\ a)/kra a)kroxhni/skoi.
ai( de\ h(ni/ai kai\ r(uth=res
kalou=ntai.
ta\ de\ a)po\ me\n tw=n r(umw=n a)phrthme/na, u(po\ de\ tou\s
au)xe/nas tw=n i(/ppwn e(litto/mena, le/padna, w(=n ta\ a)/kra lepadnisth=res,
ta\ de\ u(po\ tou\s w)/mous tw=n i(/ppwn masxalisth=res, o( de\ a)po\ th=s
korufh=s tou= i(/ppou e)ktetame/nos i(ma\s e)pi\ to\n xalino\n korufai/a, o(
de\ peri\ ta\ ge/neia geneiasth/r.
ta\ d' e)panesthko/ta derma/tia peri\ to\n
a)/cona, kata\ ta\ paraco/nia, paratro/xia.
oi( de\ sidhroi= ku/kloi di'
w(=n diei/rontai ai( h(ni/ai, daktu/lioi.
a)po\ d' i(/ppou e)f' i(/ppon o( a)phrth
me/nos i(ma\s mesa/tion.
tw=n d' h(niw=n ai( me\n katanwti/dioi kalou=ntai,
ai( de\ dia\ r(umw=n, ai( de\ dia\ mesati/ou, ai( de\ seirai=os i(ma/s.
kai\ to\
me\n o(/lw| tw=| sto/mati tou= i(/ppou peritiqe/menon xalkou=n h)qmw=des khmo\s
kalei=tai, to\ de\ peri\ to\ ge/neion dieiro/menon ya/lion, to\ d' ei)s to\
sto/ma e)mballo/menon xalino/s, ou(= to\ me\n me/son a)co/nion, ta\ de\ peri\ au)to\
daktu/lioi e)xi=noi tri/boloi, ou(\s masa=tai o( i(/ppos.
ei)/pois d' a)\n e)qera/peuon ta\s a)spi/das, e)ceka/qairon, e)la/mpru
non tou\s qw/rakas, e)fai/drunon ta\s knhmi=das, ta\ kra/nh stilpna\ e)poi/oun,
tou\s lo/fous hu)qe/tizon, e)/qhgon ta\ ci/fh, e)/ceon ta\ do/rata.
texni=tai tw=n o(/plwn a)spidophgo/s, qwrakopoio/s, kranopoio/s,
maxairopoio/s, doruco/os, pilopoio/s.
eu)do/kima de\ qw/rac *)attikourgh/s,
kra/nos *boiwtourge/s, pi=los kai\ e)gxeiri/dion *lakwnika/, a)spi\s *)argolikh/,
to/con *krhtiko/n, sfendo/nh *)akarna/nwn, a)ko/ntion *ai)twliko/n, ma/xaira
*keltikh/, pe/lekus *qra/|kios.
kai\ ta\ e)/mprosqen ei)rhme/na u(pe\r th=s
e(ka/stou xrh/sews.
*le/gein de\ xrh\ e)xqroi/, pole/mioi: to\ ga\r tw=n a)ntipole/mwn
o)/noma, ei) kai\ *qoukudi/dhs
(
be/ltion d' a)ntipolemou=ntes.
a)phxqhme/noi, h)llotriwme/noi, a)llo/fuloi:
tou\s de\ barba/rous kai\ ce/nous e)ka/loun.
a)/spondoi, a)kata/llaktoi,
a)/miktoi, qhriw/deis, u(/pouloi, a)/pistoi, a)/speistoi, dia/foroi, e)nanti/oi:
xrhste/on de/ pote kai\ tw=| a)nti/paloi, ei)/ ge kai\ to\n po/lemon a)gw=na
klhte/on kai\ to\ nikh=sai katagwni/sasqai.
pole/mous a)khru/ktous e)pa/
gontes, a)khru/ktws polemou=ntes, pikroi/, dusmenei=s, e)pikhrukei/as ou)k
e)/xontes, e)pikhrukei/as ou) dexo/menoi, kh/ruka kai\ presbei/an ou) prosie/
menoi, a)khru/ktois pole/mois xrw/menoi, a)kata/llaktoi, a)dia/llaktoi,
a)su/mbatoi, a)su/mboloi.
ta\ de\ e)nanti/a h(/meroi, pra=oi.
me/xri tou=
dedi/casqai polemou=ntes, mo/non fo/bon a)nasei/ontes, sponda\s
u(pofeugo/ntwn dido/ntes, ei)s ei)rh/nhn r(e/pontes, e)pikhrukeuome/nous
prosie/menoi, eu)dia/llaktoi, eu)dialla/ktws diakei/menoi, ou)k ei)s a)ei\ ta\s
e)/xqras a)potiqe/menoi.
a)/llhs de\ xrei/as fi/loi, su/mmaxoi, o(moh/qeis,
o(mo/fuloi, sunaspistai/, sunagwnistai/, sustratiw=tai, sunecetazo/menoi,
sunoplizo/menoi, sumpolemou=ntes, koinwnoi\ pole/mou, koinwnoi\ ma/xhs,
mete/xontes e)/xqras, sunairo/menoi, e)/nspondoi.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata fili/a,
summaxi/a, koinwni/a, sunaspismo/s: o(maixmi/a ga\r *qoukudi/dou
(
me/n, ou) mh\n lei=on pro\s th\n a)koh/n.
to\ de\ o(/lon po/lemos, e)/xqra,
dixo/noia, a)llotri/wsis, ma/xh, sta/sis, stasiasmo/s: to\ de\ e)nanti/on
ei)rh/nh, h(suxi/a, spondai/, a)noxai\ kai\ a)nakwxai/, diallagai/, kai\ o(
suna/gwn dialla/kths.
tou/tous de\ katartisth=ras *(hro/dotos
(
v 28ta\ de\ r(h/mata
kai\ dihlla/ghsan kai\ kathlla/ghsan kai\ sunhlla/ghsan, kai\ sumba/seis
e)poih/santo kai\ sune/bhsan, kai\ sune/qento kai\ sunqh=kai e)ge/nonto,
kai\ w(molo/ghsan kai\ o(mologi/ai e)ge/nonto.
du/naito d' a)/n tis
ei)pei=n e)pi\ me\n tou= ei)s e)/xqran katasth=nai ta\s sponda\s e)/lusan,
die/sthsan, a)perra/ghsan, h)llotriw/qhsan, e)cepolemw/qhsan_oi( de\
sugkrou/santes au)tou\s e)cepole/mwsan kai\ polemopoioi/_ei)s po/lemon
sune/peson, e)pi\ de\ tou= e)nanti/ou sunh=lqon, h(rmo/sqhsan, ei)s tau)to\n
h)=lqon, w)|keiw/qhsan: to\ ga\r e)filiw/qhsan i)diwtw=n.
*duna/meis e)rrwme/nai, a)kma/zousai, a)kraifnei=s, a)ke/raioi, e)pisth/
mones, memelethkui=ai, h)skhme/nai, suntetagme/nai, sugkekrothme/nai, e)grh
gorui=ai, a)ndrw/deis, a)ndrei=ai, a)ndrikai/, neanikai/, e)/ntonoi, filo/
ponoi, filopo/lemoi.
kai\ e(/toimoi, pro/xeiroi, filergoi/, sunergoi/,
filo/timoi, a)/oknoi, eu)/rwstoi, e)rrwme/noi, e)qelourgoi/, pro/qumoi, eu)/qumoi,
qumoeidei=s, filo/neikoi, filoki/ndunoi.
kai\ a)/ndres i)tamoi/, a)profa/sistoi,
e)qelontai/, au)tepa/ggeltoi, a)para/klhtoi, au)toke/leustoi, au)qai/retoi, au)t
epi/taktoi, a)ke/leustoi, a)nepi/taktoi, au)th/kooi, eu)/tolmoi, eu)/yuxoi,
a)/foboi, a)ne/kplhktoi, eu)qarsei=s, gorgoi/, foberoi/, e)kplhktikoi/, eu)/oploi,
polemikoi/: e)mpeiropo/lemoi ga\r e)paxqe/s, pole/mou de\ "xeirote/xnas" stra
tiw/tas ei)/rhke *qoukudi/dhs
(dush/tthtoi, a)h/tthtoi, a)/maxoi,
du/smaxoi, a)pro/smaxoi, dusanti/bleptoi, a)nupo/statoi, a)ni/khtoi, duspo
le/mhtoi, qarsale/oi, dusantagw/nistoi.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata sugkekro
thme/nws, memelethko/tws, a)kraifnw=s, e)pisthmo/nws, h)skhme/nws, sunte
tagme/nws, e)grhgoro/tws, polemikw=s, a)htth/tws, a)ma/xws, a)nantagwni/stws.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata e)pirrwnnu/nai, a)skei=n, sugkrotei=n, gumna/zesqai, ponei=sqai,
meleta=n, sugkrotei=sqai.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata po/nos, e)pisth/mh, e)grh/gorsis,
proqumi/a, a)/skhsis, mele/th, r(w/mh.
ta\ de\ e)nanti/a a)stra/teutoi, a)po/
lemoi, a)/qumoi, bla=kes, blakeu/ontes, a)mblei=s, bradei=s, a)sqenei=s, a)gen
nei=s, a)/rrwstoi, o)knw/deis, a)du/natoi, a)rgoi/, a)napeptwko/tes, malakoi/,
a)/nandroi, a)na/skhtoi, a)gu/mnastoi, a)sugkro/thtoi, a)mele/thtoi, deiloi/,
katadeei=s, a)melei=s, kathmelhme/noi, r(a/|qumoi, u(/ptioi, nwqei=s, kater
ra|qumhme/noi, o)li/gwroi, katwligwrhme/noi, eu)a/lwtoi, eu)epibou/leutoi,
eu)/lhptoi, eu)pole/mhtoi, eu)epixei/rhtoi.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)melw=s,
r(a|qu/mws, deilw=s, a)na/ndrws, a)qu/mws, a)strateu/tws, a)pole/mws, a)gu
mna/stws, a)sugkroth/tws, a)meleth/tws, katadew=s, o)ligw/rws.
ta\
de\ r(h/mata a)podeilia=n, a)qumei=n, r(a|qumei=n, blakeu/ein, dedie/nai,
o)ligwrei=n.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata a)naskhsi/a, a)melethsi/a, a)me/leia,
blakei/a, nw/qeia, a)qumi/a, r(a|qumi/a, o)ligwri/a, a)nandri/a, deili/a, malaki/a.
e)stra/teusan, e)cestra/teusan, pandhmei\ e)cestrateu/santo,
e)pestrateu/santo, e)stratopedeu/santo kai\ katestratopedeu/santo
kai\ a)ntestratopedeu/santo, strato/pedon e)ba/lonto, e)ka/qisan, i(dru/
qhsan, e)skh/nwsan, kateskh/nwsan, skhna\s e)sth/santo, skhna\s e)ph/
canto.
tei=xos perieba/lonto, tei=xos h)/ranto, periw|kodomh/santo, pe
rieirga/santo.
oi( de\ pro\s tou=to e)pith/deioi liqodo/moi, liqolo/goi,
te/ktones, teixodo/moi, teixopoioi/: kalou=ntai d' ou(/tws ou) mo/non oi(
oi)kodomou=ntes, a)lla\ kai\ oi( tou= e)/rgou e)pista/tai, w(s o( *dhmosqe/
nhs
(e)rei=s de\ ta/fron
h)la/santo, e)koi/lanan, e)baqu/nanto, a)peta/freusan, staurou\s e)ph/canto,
xarakw/mata e)poih/santo, periestau/rwsan, a)pestau/rwsan, xa/raka
e)ba/lonto, periexara/kwsan, e)fra/canto.
parafulakte/on de\ o(/ti oi(
me\n peri\ toi=s stratope/dois xa/rakes a)rrenikw=s le/gontai, ai( de\ pro\s
tai=s a)mpe/lois qhlukw=s.
e)ch=lqon e)pi\ u(drei/an, e)pi\ culei/an, e)pi\ cu
lismo/n, e)pi\ fruganismo/n, e)pi\ pronomh/n.
ei)=ta lei/an h)la/santo,
boskh/mata, lei/an periesu/ranto, w(s *(uperei/dhs
(ei)=ta
a)nteta/canto, a)ntipareta/canto, a)nte/sthsan, e)ta/xqhsan kai\ e)ceta/
xqhsan kai\ a)nteta/xqhsan, meteta/canto.
ei)=ta prou/qesan oi(
ma/nteis i(erei=a, e)qu/santo, e)sfagia/santo.
kai\ ai)/sia ta\ i(era/,
kai\ kala\ h)\ decia/, kai\ tou)nanti/on a)pai/sia kai\ ta\
o(/moia.
e)rei=s de\ ta\ shmei=a h)/rqh, u(peshmh/nanto oi( salpigktai\ to\
ei)s e)/fodon, w(/sper tou)nanti/on a)naklhtiko/n.
prou/treyan oi( stra
thgoi/, pareka/lesan, e)pe/rrwsan, e)cw/rmhsan, a)nekale/santo, parhg
gu/hsan, e)cw/trunan, e)ph/geiran, su/nqhma e)/dosan, e)pidih=lqon to\
su/nqhma.
ta\ do/rata pro\s ta\s a)spi/das e)dou/phsan, e)paia/nisan,
tw=| *)enuali/w| h)la/lacan, prose/mican, ei)s xei=ras h)=lqon, prohkroboli/
santo, e)to/ceusan, e)ceto/ceusan.
e)rei=s de\ e)k to/cou r(u/matos h)=n
h( ma/xh.
kai\ to/cou kaqa/yai, a)nelku/sai, a)nagagei=n, kai\ plh
rwsa/menoi ta\ to/ca, e)nqe/menoi tou\s oi)stou/s.
ei)=ta proece/dramon
oi( i(pph=s, proeceph/dhsan, proech/lasan, e)kdroma\s e)poih/santo,
proekdroma/s.
proech/lasen h( i(/ppos, h)\ i(ppomaxi/a.
i(ppomaxh=sai,
i(ppokrath=sai, kaqippokrath=sai.
e)rei=s de\ sune/peson, sunerra/
ghsan, ei)s xei=ras h)=lqon, sunh=yan th\n ma/xhn, sumpeso/ntes e)ma/xonto,
e)n xersi\n h)=n h( ma/xh.
ei)=ta kartera\ ma/xh, stadai/a ma/xh, qumw=|
e)ma/xonto, e)mplake/ntes dihgwni/zonto, e)cew/qoun a)llh/lous, ou) r(a|di/ws
a)p' a)llh/lwn a)pelu/onto.
deca/menoi au)tou\s h)mu/nonto, h)\ e)ne/dwkan
pro\s th\n prw/thn e)/fodon, ou)k h)/negkan th\n prw/thn prosbolh/n.
e)po/nei qa/teron tw=n kerw=n, e)po/nei ta\ me/sa tou= strateu/matos,
ei)=cen, e)ne/dwken, e)pi\ po/da a)nexw/rei, e)ne/klinen, e)ce/klinen, u(pexw/
rhsen, u(petra/ph, ta\ nw=ta e)/dwken, e)/fugen, protropa/dhn e)/fugen,
h(tth/qh, ta\ o(/pla r(i/yantes e)/fugon.
to\ de\ e)/rgon balei=n, trw=sai,
tre/yai, a)natre/yai, a)pw/sasqai, pararrh=cai/ ti th=s fa/laggos, dia
ko/yai, paraspa/sai, diaspa/sai, diasth=sai, tre/yasqai, diw=cai,
krath=sai, a)nelei=n, foneu=sai, skuleu=sai, gumnw=sai, a)fopli/sai,
e)copli/sai, katastre/yasqai, zwgrh=sai, katabalei=n, ai)xmalwti/sai,
a)pagagei=n, nikh=sai, u(poxeiri/ous poih/sasqai, xeirw/sasqai, e)kpo
lemh=sai, katapolemh=sai, kaqelei=n, e(lei=n, u(f' e(autou\s poih/sasqai,
tou\s nekrou\s a)podou=nai u(pospo/ndous.
e)rei=s de\ e)polio/rkhsan, sunh/lasan, sune/kleisan, kat
e/kleisan, proseka/qisan.
e)ka/qise to\ stra/teuma, prosh/dreusen,
a)pe/kleisen.
pare/teinan to\n xro/non th=s poliorki/as, e)petei/xisan,
e)meta/lleusan, u(pw/rucan, mhxana\s e)ph/gagon, prosh/gagon mhxana/s,
prose/rrhcan, kate/seisa/n ti tou= tei/xous, kate/rrhcan, kaqei/lkusan,
kli/makas prose/qesan, prosane/bhsan, puri\ a)pepeira/santo, xw=ma e)/xwsan.
oi( de\ a)po\ tou= tei/xous a)pema/xonto, a)pekrou/onto, diekarte/roun,
e)nekarte/roun, a)ntei=xon, a)ntesofi/zonto, sbesthri/ois kwlu/masin
e)xrw=nto, u(fei=lkon to\n xou=n.
ei)=ta a)pei=pon, a)phgo/reusan, e)pekh
rukeu/santo, xei=ras a)ne/teinan, e)ne/klinan, e)ne/dosan, sfa=s au)tou\s
e)ce/dosan, pare/dosan, katepolemh/qhsan, e)doulw/qhsan e)ndei/a| e)pith
dei/wn, di/yei kai\ limw=|.
oi( de\ poliorkou=ntes ei(=lon, kat' a)/kras
ei(=lon, kaqei=lon, e)po/rqhsan, paresth/santo, u(poxeiri/ous e)poih/santo,
e)xeirw/santo, e)doulw/santo e)pi\ fo/rw|, e)pi\ fo/rou a)pagwgh=|,
e)pi\ xrhma/twn fora=|, xrh/mata taca/menoi, deka/thn e)pibalo/ntes:
dekathlo/goi, dekathlogi/a.
e)a\n de\ e)/nspondoi ge/nwntai e)pi\ sum
maxi/a|, e)rei=s e)pi\ th=| i)/sh| kai\ o(moi/a|, e)pi\ tw=| to\n au)to\n e)xqro\n
kai\ fi/lon e)/xein.
tei/xous de\ me/rh ku/klos, peri/bolos, promaxew=nes, e)pa/lceis,
pu/rgoi, mesopu/rgia, metapu/rgia.
e)rei=s de\ tei=xos e)rumno/n, i)sxu
ro/n, kartero/n, du/smaxon, a)pro/siton, duspro/siton, du/slhpton,
dusai/reton, o)xuro/n, w)xurwme/non, duskaqai/reton, dusa/lwton.
kai\
peri\ xwri/wn de\ tau=t' a)\n ei)/pois, kai\ e)/ti a)po/tomon, a)po/krhmnon,
krhmnw=des, duspro/siton, a)nepibou/leuton, dusepi/baton, duspro/sba
ton, kai\ h(/kista e)pi/maxon.
e)k de\ tou= e)nanti/ou tei=xos a)sqene/s,
w)ligwrhme/non, au)tosxe/dion, e)sxediasme/non, eu)a/lwton, eu)ai/reton,
eu)kaqai/reton, e)pi/dromon w(s *(/omhros
(*z
epi/blepton, eu)epibou/leuton, eu)epixei/rhton, a(lw/simon.
e)/sti de\ kai\ ta/de: ta\ a)/kra prokatalabei=n, ta\ u(perde/cia
katasxei=n, fqa/sai e)pi\ ta\ a)/kra, prokatasxei=n, a)poko/yai tou\s e)pi\
tw=n a)/krwn, a)para/cai, a)pela/sai tou\s u(pe\r kefalh=s, diw=cai, a)naso
bh=sai.
kai\ mh\n kai\ ta/de: kata\ me/twpon e)pelqei=n, kata\ nw/tou
e)pelqei=n h)\ gene/sqai, e)k tou= kato/pin e)pidramei=n, e)k profanou=s,
e)c e)pifanou=s, e)c a)fanou=s, e)c a)sfalou=s.
e)nedreu=sai, e)ne/dran
kaqi/sai, yeudene/dran.
lo/xon u(fei=nai, loxh=sai, e)lloxh=sai: to\ ga\r
kataloxi/sai ei)s lo/xous dianei=mai e)sti/n.
stratiwtika\ de\ kai\ to\ purseu=sai, fruktwrh=sai, fruktwri/a.
kai\ ai( fulakai/, kai\ profulakai/, kai\ e)/fodoi, kai\ skopoi/,
kai\ kata/skopoi, kai\ e)pi\ kataskoph\n e)celqei=n, e)pi\ proskoph/n.
yeud
auto/moloi.
kai\ to\ temei=n, gh=n dh|w=sai, ko/yai ta\ de/ndra, e)mprh=sai,
kataprh=sai, pu=r e)fei=nai, purpolh=sai, lehlath=sai, dasmologh=sai,
la/fura sunaqroi=sai.
oi( de\ tau=ta pipra/skontes lafuropw=lai.
kai\ ta/de: teixi/sai po/lin, e)kteixi/sai, tei=xos a)=rai th=| po/lei,
e)gei=rai, o)rqw=sai, peribale/sqai, e)la/sasqai, periela/sasqai, perierga/
sasqai, fra/cai tei/xei th\n po/lin.
kai\ po/lis teteixisme/nh, kai\ oi(
e)rgazo/menoi teixopoioi/: to\ de\ e)nanti/on a)tei/xistos po/lis, a)/fraktos,
gumnh\ tei/xous.
stratiw=tai, sustratiw=tai, strato/s, stratiwtiko/n, stra/
teuma, strato/pedon, su/ntagma, ta/gma, du/namis.
ta/xa
de/ pou kai\ oi( peze/tairoi kai\ oi( a)rgura/spides kai\ oi(
xrusa/spides.
e)rei=s de\ ta\s sfendo/nas plhrw/sasqai, ta\s sfendo/nas stre/yai,
ta\s sfendo/nas e)nagkuli/sasqai, ta\ a)ko/ntia ph=lai, diaph=lai,
a)fei=nai, a)konti/sai, diakonti/sasqai.
e)ce/tasis strateu/matos, e)cetasmo/s, dokimasi/a, sullogh/, a)qrois
mo/s, a)germo/s: e)ceta/sai stra/teuma kai\ dokima/sai, sulle/cai, a)qroi=sai,
sunagei=rai.
stratiw=tai e)pi/lektoi, e)/kkritoi, pro/kritoi, do/kimoi, eu)do/
kimoi, a)/ristoi, a)ristei=s, a)risteu/ontes, kratisteu/ontes, loga/des,
lo/gimoi.
a)risti/ndhn, loga/dhn, kratisti/ndhn.
ta/xa d' a)\n e)n tou/tois
ta/ttointo kai\ oi( dimoiri=tai.
e)rei=s de\ tou\s e)k katalo/gou, tou\s
e)n h(liki/a|, tou\s a)kma/zontas, tou\s th\n strateu/simon h(liki/an e)/xontas,
tou\s xrhsi/mous, tou\s e)n a)kmh=|.
to\ d' e)nanti/on th\n a)/xrhston h(liki/an,
th\n a)po/maxon, th\n a)po/lemon, th\n a)stra/teuton.
e)rei=s de\ e)kdh/mous pole/mous kai\ a)podh/mous, kai\ u(per
ori/ous tou\s e)n th=| u(perori/a|, diaponti/ous, cenikou/s, w(/sper pa/lin
e)ndh/mous, o(mo/rous, proso/rous.
e)painw=n de\ strathgo\n le/ge strathgiko/s, e)pisth/mwn, po
lemiko/s, diaswstiko/s, a)sfalh/s, perieskemme/nos, pronohtiko/s, proorw=n,
probouleu/wn, eu)/boulos, a)gxi/nous, a)/grupnos, a)/oknos, eu)/tolmos,
a)ndrei=os, h(gemoniko/s, a)rxiko/s, prostateutiko/s, a)cioprosta/teutos,
qarrale/os, diaskeptiko/s, o)cu/s, e)nergo/s, didaskaliko/s, taktiko/s,
e)pitaktiko/s, filostratiw/ths, sofo/s, kruyi/nous, e)pi/boulos, nh/fwn,
eu)telh\s th\n di/atan, filergo/s, ma/ximos, e)pimelh/s, filo/timos, filo/
ponos, filoki/ndunos, pro\s ta\ deina\ qarrale/os, filo/nikos, ni/khs
e)rasth/s, eu)klei/as e)rasth/s, a)/dwros, a)dwrodo/khtos.
ye/gwn de\
a)mblu/s, a)/moxqos, a)/maxos, r(a/|qumos, a)melh/s, nwqh/s, bradu/s,
misostratiw/ths, a)nepisth/mwn, o)knhro/s, a)/peiros, a)maqh\s tw=n stra
tiwtikw=n, u(pnw/dhs, me/qusos, a)krath/s, tou\s kairou\s pariei/s, a)peri/
skeptos, a)proo/ratos, a)prono/htos, a)/boulos, kako/boulos, a)/poros
gnw/mhs, a)pro/optos, a)mh/xanos, deilo/s, a)/nandros, katepthxw/s,
a)no/htos, katabeblhme/nos, u(/ptios a)napeptwkw/s, kai\ pa/lin
propeth/s, maniw/dhs, e)/mplhktos, r(iyoki/ndunos, tolmhro/s, qrasu/s,
a)ponenohme/nos, parakekinhme/nos, sfalero/s, a)feidh/s, a)/fraktos,
prodo/ths, a)krath/s, dwroko/mos, dedwrodokhme/nos, dwrodo/kos.
stratiw/tou de\ e)/painos eu)peiqh/s, peiqh/nios, peiqarxiko/s, u(ph/koos,
kath/koos.
to\ d' e)nanti/on a)peiqh/s, a)nh/koos, a)nuph/koos.
a)pe/sthsan po/leis, e)pane/sthsan.
e)pestra/teusan, e)ph=lqon,
kaqei=lon, pare/balon, ei)se/balon ei)s th\n polemi/an, kate/labon,
e)ne/balon, ei)sbolh\n e)poih/santo.
peri\ si/tou a)kmh/n, peri\ si/tou e)k
bolh/n, si/tou xlwrou= o)/ntos, si/tou a)kma/zontos.
*(ippika\ o)no/mata a)ge/lh i(/ppwn, i(ppotro/fos, a)gelhtro/fos,
i(ppono/mos, i(ppagwgo/s, i(ppodamasth/s, pwloda/mnhs, i(ppoko/mos,
i(/ppwn e)pimelhth/s, i(ppoforbo/s.
ei)=ta i(/ppoi forba/des, i(/ppoi
a)gelai=oi, i(/ppoi a)qlhtai\ kai\ a)gwnistai\ kai\ a)dhfa/goi, a(millhth/rioi,
nikhfo/roi, a)qlofo/roi, kunhgetikoi/, o(doiporikoi/, pompikoi/, po
lemisth/rioi, stratiwtikoi/.
"pw=loi a)/boloi, a)bo/lwn kai\ telei/wn
oi( me/soi"_ou(/tw ga\r *pla/twn
(
bo/lous o)nomazome/nous e)ka/lesen_te/leioi.
oi( de\ geghrako/tes
a)pognw/mones kai\ leipognw/mones: gnw=ma ga\r le/getai o( a)popi/ptwn
o)dou/s, th=s h(liki/as w)\n gnwristiko/s.
i(ppa/sai e)c a)ge/lhs pw=lon,
i(ppwnh=sai kai\ i(ppwni/a.
e)/ti de\ a)da/maston pw=lon_tou/tw| de\
*cenofw=n
(
deuton, a)/grion.
pwleu=sai, dama/sai, pwlodamei=n, e)kpaideu=sai, h(me
rw=sai, a)skh=sai, a)nadida/casqai.
le/gois d' a)\n e)pi\ i(/ppwn kai\
yhlafa=n, yh/xein, a)pokaqai/rein, e)kkaqai/rein, a)posobei=n th\n ko/nin
a)nista/nta th\n tri/xa, e)kfe/rein th\n ko/pron, yu/xein ta\ strw/mata
tou= i(/ppou.
kataplu/nein de\ dei= le/gein th\n kefalh/n, ou) kaqai/
rein.
to\ de\ kuli=sai kai\ a)li=sai e)rei=s kai\ e)cali=sai, kai\ to\ xwri/on
a)li/stra kai\ e)cali/stra kai\ kuli/stra.
trofai\ i(/ppwn kriqai/, zeiai/, o)/lurai, xo/rtos, xilo/s, para\ de\
*(omh/rw|
(*q
(*q
xalinw=sai de\ e)rei=s, kai\ xalino\n periqei=nai tw=| sto/mati.
ei)=ta i(ppw\n kai\ sta/sis i(/ppwn kai\ i(ppo/stasis kai\ staqmo/s,
fa/tnh, forbeia/, e)pifatni/dia, desma/, kekru/falos, korufai/a, xalino/s.
tou= de\ xalinou= ta\ sidh/ria u(posto/mia, kai\ tw=n u(postomi/wn ta\ me\n
koi=la e)xi=noi, ta\ de\ periferh= kai\ prionwta\ troxoi/, ta\ de\ sterea\ kai\
promh/kh kai\ a)llh/lois a)ntempleko/mena a(lu/sews ei)/dei daktu/lioi kai\
da/ktuloi.
e)rei=s de\ khmoi\ kai\ fimoi/, e)/ti de\ e)/poxa, e)fi/ppia,
sa/gh.
ta\ de\ peri\ th\n qerapei/an e)rgalei=a, to\ me\n e)kkaqai=ron
th\n tri/xa pterw=| e)oiko\s cu/lon spa/qh, to\ de\ diakteni/zon sidh/rion
prionw=des w)dontwme/non yh/ktra.
to\ de\ pleko/menon e)k th=s foinikh=s
a)mpexo/nhs koi=lon kai\ dia/kenon perixei/rion, o(\ kataste/llei th\n tri/xa
kai\ e)klipai/nei, swraki/s.
a)f' ou(= de\ e)sqi/ei o( i(/ppos, kremame/nou me\n
e)k th=s korufai/as, peritiqeme/nou de\ tw=| sto/mati, xilwth/r.
xwri/a de\ e)rei=s i(ppa/sima, ba/sima, pedina/, eu)h/lata, e)pi/
droma.
gh= pedia/s, gh= a)/pedos, lei/a, o(malh/, a)/liqos, i(ppo/krotos,
i(ppo/dromos, eu)/poros.
xwri/a a)/fippa, du/sippa, a)/bata, du/sbata,
dush/lata, traxe/a, du/spora, liqw/dh, petrw/dh, pe/trina, a)/liqa,
o)reina/, baqe/a, e)/gkoila, telmatw/dh, u(/famma, yammw/dh, a)po/krota,
tenagw/dh, phlw/dh, a(li/peda, di/ugra, u(/fugra, u(/fudra, dia/broxa,
o)lisqhra/, u(pofe/ronta tou\s po/das, u(fe/lkonta, u(perei/ponta, u(poske
li/zonta, a)na/nth, o)/rqia, sima/, a)natetame/na.
kai\ lo/foi de\
e)rei=s kai\ gh/lofoi, a)/krai, xara/drai, xei/marroi, kata/nth, pranh=,
kata/rruta, katwferh=.
e)n me\n toi=s a)na/ntesi dei= a)naqei=n, a)natre/xein,
prosbai/nein, prosanabai/nein, a)naphda=n, e)n de\ toi=s kata/ntesi
kataqei=n, katabai/nein.
e)/painos i(/ppou a)po\ sw/matos o(plai\ koi=lai, w(s ei)=nai e)n ba/qei
th\n xelido/na kai\ mhde\n au)th\n tw=n e)k tou= e)da/fous lupei=n: h( ga\r
toiau/th o(plh\ w(/sper ku/mbalon, fhsi\n o( *cenofw=n
(
to\ da/pedon yofei=.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ krotei= kai\ h)xei= kai\ ktupei=.
kunh/podes e)/gkoiloi, stereoi/, knh=mai a)/sarkoi, go/nu lagaro\n pro\s
th\n sugkamph/n, ske/lh u(gra/, mhroi\ i)nw/deis, pleurai\ baqei=ai, promh/keis
kai\ pro\s th\n gaste/ra o)gkwde/sterai, gasth\r prosestalme/nh, a)krw/mia
u(yhla/, tw=| te a)naba/th| a)sfaleste/ran th\n e(/dran kai\ toi=s w)/mois
i)sxurote/ran th\n pro/sfusin pare/xonta.
tra/xhlos eu)kamph\s w(s
a)lektruo/nos, a)ll' ou)x w(/sper ka/prou, o)rqo/s.
kefalh\ o)stw/dhs, pro
tomh\ braxei=a, xai/th eu)/qric, proko/mion eu)prepe/s, o)/mma propete\s w(s
e)co/fqalmon ei)=nai, o)fqalmoi\ purw/deis, u(/faimon ble/pontes.
mukth=res
a)napeptame/noi: eu)pnow/teroi ga\r tw=n sumpeptwko/twn.
w)=ta braxe/a,
ste/rna plate/a, o)sfu\s diplh=: to\ d' au)to\ kai\ r(a/xis kai\ e(/dra, ma/lista
de\ to\ me/son th=s r(a/xews, w(=| e)gka/qhtai o( e)piba/ths.
i)sxi/a plate/a kai\
eu)/sarka, gloutoi\ eu)pagei=s, ou)ra\ promh/khs.
*si/mwn
(
p. 69. 14
gnhsiw/taton ga\r e)pi\ i(/ppou ou)ra=s tou)/noma.
xrh/simon de\ to\ mh=kos
ou) mo/non ei)s a)glai/an, a)ll' o(/pws kai\ muwpizo/menos a)pelau/noi ta\
lupou=nta.
yo/gos d' i(/ppou o)/nuxes leptoi/, o(plai\ plh/reis, sarkw/deis, lei=ai,
o(malai/: *cenofw=n
(kunh/podas
paxei=s, kirsou\s peri\ ta\s knh/mas e)/xwn, mhrou\s a)pagei=s, w)mopla/tas
koi/lous, au)xe/na promh/kh, xai/thn yilh/n, sth/qh stena/, kefalh\n ba
rei=an sarkw/dh, w)=ta mega/la, mukth=ras sumpeptwko/tas, o)fqalmou\s
koi/lous_kalei=tai de\ o( toiou=tos kai\ koilo/fqalmos_pleura\s
stena\s a)sa/rkous, o)sfu=n o)cei=an, i)sxi/on traxu/, gloutou\s a)sa/rkous,
ske/lh sklhra/, go/nata duskamph=: o( ga\r u(grw=s ka/mptwn ta\ go/nata
a)kopw/teron kai\ a)ptaisto/teron badi/zei.
e)paine/sais d' a)\n ble/mma i(/ppou gorgo/n, i)tamo/n, a)naide/s, u(po/
qermon, e)/mpuron, qrasu/, pikro/n, qumiko/n, o)rgi/lon: kai\ xreme
tismo\n o(moi/ws kai\ a)=sqma qrasu/teron, qumikw/teron, i)tamw/teron, ye/cais
d' a)\n nwqe/s, a)mblu/, a)/puron, a)o/rghton, a)/qumon, a)rgo/n, ou)x i(ppw=des,
u(gro/n.
oi( pro/sqen po/des kaloi=nt' a)\n oi( pro/sqioi, oi( e)/mprosqen, oi( u(po\
tai=s w)mopla/tais, oi( u(po\ toi=s ste/rnois, oi( prw=toi, oi( u(po\ tw=| au)xe/ni:
oi( de\ loipoi\ o)pi/sqioi, oi( kato/pin, oi( e)/sxatoi, oi( teleutai=oi, oi( u(po\
toi=s i)sxi/ois, oi( u(po\ th\n ou)ra/n, oi( u(po\ tou\s gloutou/s.
a)mei/nwn d'
i(/ppos o( mh\ e)nalla\c a)lla\ dia\ pollou= ta\ ske/lh tiqei\s kai\ diafe/rwn.
kalo\n de/, ei) "th\n dia/stasin e)/xei tw=n skelw=n w(s megi/sthn: u(pa/rcei
ga\r au)tw=|, dia\ plei/stou ta\ ske/lh r(i/ptein," *si/mwn le/gei
(
p 68. 5kai\ tou=to de\ *si/mwnos
(
o( o)li/gon ai)/rwn a)po\ th=s gh=s e)n tw=| tre/xein ta\ ske/lh.
e)/painos e)/rgwn kai\ gnw/mhs i(/ppou, eu)/pnous, eu)/pous,
eu)/oplos: h( de\ podw=n a)reth\ eu)podi/a.
eu)/foros, eu)/qumos, qumoeidh/s,
eu)sxh/mwn, eu)preph/s, megalopreph/s, gau=ros, gaurou/menos, gauriw/
menos, kudro/s, kudrou/menos, e)leuqe/rios, e)qelourgo/s, i(ppasth/s, a)glao/s,
fronhmati/as, a)lazw/n, eu)/yuxos, eu)ka/rdios, megalo/frwn, mete/wros,
eu)qarsh/s, pompiko/s, gorgou/menos, sobaro/s, eu)/tolmos, polemiko/s,
stratiwtiko/s, podw/khs, h(/meros, pra=os, eu)peiqh/s, eu)a/gwgos, eu)h/
nios, xeiroh/qhs, tiqaso/s: filw=n to\n a)naba/thn, eu)/nous tw=| i(ppei=,
u(po\ sa/lpiggi e)cormw=n, e)canista/menos, e)cegeiro/menos, o)cu/s, taxu/s,
taxu/pous, fila/nqrwpos, fi/lippos, e)gkarterw=n su\n tw=| kairw=|,
gnwristiko\s tw=n e)xqrw=n, a)natreptiko/s, eu)/treptos, peiqarxiko/s, eu)/
taktos, eu)/kolos, kekolasme/nos th\n gna/qon, di/kaios th\n siago/na,
i)/sos e(kate/ran th\n gna/qon, pepaideume/nos, r(a|di/ws e)cormw=n, eu)ko/
lws kaqista/menos, ma/stigos ou) xrh/|zwn, ke/ntrou a)prosdeh/s, eu)/dro
mos, e)pi/dromos, toi=s a)ne/mois sunqe/wn: ei)/poi a)\n au)to\n *(/omhros
(*p a)nu/poptos, a)/fobos, qar
rale/os.
memelethkw\s kai\ pro\s a)/nantes a)naqei=n kai\ pro\s ka/tantes
katadramei=n, kai\ teixi/on u(perakri/sai, kai\ ta/fron diaphdh=sai, kai\
xara/dran diale/sqai, kai\ potamo\n pera=sai, kai\ e)p' o)/xqous a)norou/ein,
kai\ a)p' o)/xqwn kaqa/llesqai.
yo/gos i(/ppou e)/rgwn kai\ gnw/mhs e)k
tw=n e)nanti/wn nwqh/s, bradu/s, a)mblu/s, a)rgo/s, bla/c, a)/pous, kako/
pous, mellhth/s, deilo/s, a)/tolmos, katadeh/s, u(/poptos, duswpou/menos,
e)pi/fobos, ou) spoudai=os tou\s po/das, malako\s th\n o(plh/n, sklhro/sto
mos, a)/dikos th\n siago/na, e(tero/gnaqos, baru\s th\n kefalh/n, ka/tw
neu/wn, ei)s o)/nous telw=n, kufagwgo/teros, dusga/rgalis, a)peiqh/s,
dush/nios, dusa/gwgos, a)na/gwgos, a)/stomos, a)po/lemos, ptoou/menos,
tapeino/s, mikro/yuxos, a)sxh/mwn, a)preph/s, eu)labh/s.
ou)d' a)\n sa/lpig
gos a)na/sxoito, ou)d' a)\n e)ne/gkoi pole/mou boh/n.
mi/sippos, misa/n
qrwpos, da/knwn, lakti/zwn, laktisth/s, a)da/mastos, fau/lws h)gme/nos,
a)pro/qumos, a)pai/deutos, a)/taktos, qhriw/dhs, du/sforos, a)ka/qektos,
a)ko/lastos th\n gna/qon, a)naxaiti/zwn, a)poseio/menos, e)fubri/zwn, o(\s
polla/kis e)ceku/lise to\n i(ppe/a, ou)de\ prosie/menos to\n xalino/n,
u(pe/rfobos, e)ndee/steros, a)podee/steros: *si/mwnos
(
o)/noma.
o( de\ tou= i(/ppou e)pimelhth\s ta/de pratte/tw.
kaqaire/tw th\n
xelido/na, kai\ th\n koilo/thta th=s o(plh=s qerapeue/tw, kai\ th\n knh/mhn
tribe/tw kata\ th\n fu/sin th=s trixo/s: th\n de\ mhriai/an kai\ to\ loipo\n
sw=ma kai\ ei) pro\s tou)nanti/on a)nakaqai/roi, r(a=|on a)\n e)ksoboi= th\n
ko/nin.
kai\ pro\s me\n to\ a)/llo sw=ma xrh/sqw pa=si toi=s th=s kaqa/r
sews o)rga/nois, th\n de\ kefalh\n kataplu/nein dei= ma=llon h)\ kaqai/rein.
tw=n d' e)n th=| r(a/xei trixw=n a)/llw| me\n o)rga/nw| mh\ prosapte/sqw,
tai=s de\ xersi\ tri/bwn kai\ a(palu/nwn, h(=|per fu/sei ke/klintai, h(/kist' a)\n
bla/ptoi th\n e(/dran tou= i(/ppou.
e)neqize/tw de\ to\n pw=lon o(dw=| liqw/dei,
mh\ pa/nth| traxei/a|: ei) de\ kai\ e)n tw=| staqmw=| kataba/lloi li/qous
mnaiai/ous a)mfido/xmous, perixeilw/sas sidh/rw|, w(s *cenofw=n
(
e)/fh, tou/tw| tw=| e)/qei tw=| pro\s au)tou\s stereoi= kai\ kratu/nei tou= i(/ppou
tou\s po/das.
ta\ me/ntoi xei/lh au)tou= a(palune/tw, o(/pws tou=
xalinou= sunih=|: a(palu/nei de\ ta\ xei/lh xeirw=n tribh\ kai\ u(/datos
xliarou= prosbolh\ kai\ e)lai/ou pote\ a)loifh/.
th=s de\ e)pifatnidi/as
forbeia=s mh\ poiei/tw to\ a(/mma e)/nqa h( korufai/a periti/qetai, w(s mh\
e(lkoume/nwn tou/twn kai\ peri\ to\ xalinou=sqai duskolai/nh|.
e)rgw/dhs
ga\r h( th=s xalinw/sews kw/lusis.
h)\n me\n ga\r kexalinwme/non a)/gh|,
ou)de\n au)tw=| parainw=, h)\n de\ a)xali/nwton, khmou=n to\n i(/ppon: o( ga\r
khmo\s da/knein me\n ou)k e)a=|, e)kpnei=n de\ ou) kwlu/ei.
o(po/tan de\ yh/xh|
to\n i(/ppon, a)po\ th=s kefalh=s me\n au)tw=| a)rkte/on, i(/na tw=n a)/nwqen
kaqarqe/ntwn e)pikati/h| toi=s u(p' au)ta/.
e)pi\ de\ yhxo/menon to\n i(/ppon
a)na/gkh xrh=sqai tai=s o(plai=s, tou\s me\n pro/sqen po/das yh/xwn, ka
to/pin parelqw\n blepe/tw i(/na per kai\ o( i(/ppos, w(s mhde\ boulo/
menos au)to\n krou/ein du/nhtai: e)pi\ de\ tou\s kato/pin metiw/n, a)nti
metastre/yas e(auto\n blepe/tw a)nti/a toi=s posi\n ou(\s kaqai/rei,
tre/yas to\ pro/swpon, i(/na o( i(/ppos pau/htai.
to\ me\n dh\ prw=ton e)k
forbeia=s to\n i(/ppon periakte/on, ei)=ta xalinw/santa e)a=sai e(sta/nai, w(s
mh\ eu)qu\s e(lko/menos ponoi=to, a)ll' e)n a)nalghsi/a| kai\ a)pragmosu/nh|
th=s siago/nos h)re/ma proseqi/zhtai tw=| xalinw=|.
ei) de\ a)nabai/noi e)p'
au)to/n, to\ prw=ton e)k metew/rou poiei=sqai th\n a)na/basin, o(/pws mh/te
spa/sh| au(to\n a)nabai/nwn mh/te e)k sfodro/thtos e)gkaqi/sas luph/sh|
to\n i(/ppon.
e)laune/tw de\ tou=ton kat' a)rxa\s o( e)piba/ths ei)s ta\
a)/peda kai\ lei=a, ta\s de\ prosba/seis kai\ ta\s e)kei=qen kaqo/dous mh\
au)ti/ka poiei/sqw, a)lla\ to\n i(/ppon plagiasa/tw_ou(/tw ga\r o(
*si/mwn
(
e)/latton, kai\ e)nalla/ttwn qa=tton h)\ sxolai/teron, kai\ to\n xalino\n me
taba/llwn e)f' e(kate/ran th\n gna/qon.
kampa\s de\ xrh\ poiei=sqai kai\
u(postrofa\s kai\ strofa/s.
e)n de\ tai=s strofai=s ou) dei= e)celau/nein
to\n i(/ppon a)ll' a)nalamba/nein, o(/per kai\ u(polamba/nein kalei=tai, kai\
kate/xein kai\ h)remi/zein kai\ a)ne/xein, ou)de\ plagiou=n ou)/te e(auto\n ou)/te
to\n i(/ppon: ta/xista ga\r a)\n e)n tou/tw| katenexqei=en a)mfo/teroi.
h( ga\r
e)p' eu)qe/os kata\ mh=kos e)/lasis kopwdeste/ra: kalei=tai d' au(/th o)rqo
dromei=n, w(/sper to\ e)nanti/on a)poka/mptein.
h)\n de\ ka/mh| kai\ kata
neu/sh| th\n kefalh/n, ou)k e)/stin eu)sxh/mwn i(/ppois o( e)n kama/tw|
dro/mos.
kalei=tai de\ tou=to i(ppa/zesqai, w(/sper kai\ e)pi\ tw=n i(ppe/wn to\
i(ppeu/ein ou(/tws o)noma/zetai.
ei) de\ kai\ ta\ xwri/a u(palla/ttoi tis,
e)n xa/riti ma=llo/n e)sti tw=| i(/ppw|: a)mise/stera ga\r au)tw=| ta\ kaina\
xwri/a, a)pagoreu/ei de\ toi=s sunh/qesin.
kai\ h)\n me\n fu/sei genna/das h)=|,
ka)\n a)fh=|s to\n xalino/n, o)rqh=| th=| kefalh=| tre/xei: to\n de\ a)gennh= tw=|
xalinw=| w(s ei)s eu)sxhmosu/nhn bia/zou.
parafulakte/on de\ o(/ti tou\s
traxei=s xalinou\s ou)k e)w=sin oi( i(/ppoi kata\ xw/ran, a)lla\ metaba/l
lousin e)lpi/di tou= pro\s to\ r(a=|on metasth/sein.
dia\ tou=to toi=s
qumoeide/sin ou)k e)mblhte/on sklhrou\s xalinou/s_a)nalamba/nousi ga\r
au)tou\s ei)s to\ sto/ma w(/sper o)beli/skous eu)pagei=s o)/ntas_a)lla\ u(grou/s,
i(/na ou(= a)\n o( i(/ppos prosa/pthtai, to\ loipo\n ka/mpthtai w(/sper a(/lusis.
ei)si\ de\ sklhroi\ xalinoi\ oi( e)/xontes troxou\s tapeinou\s kai\ e)xi/nous
o)cei=s: e)/sti de\ kai\ tou/tous e)mprau/+nein kateilou=nta kai\ katakhrou=nta.
a)lla\ ma=llon u(grou/s: ou(=toi de\ eu)rei/as kai\ lei/as e)/xousi ta\s sumbola\s
w(s r(a|di/ws ka/mptesqai.
kai\ pa/nta o(/sa periti/qetai peri\ tou\s a)/conas,
eu)ru/stoma kai\ ou) su/mpukna.
ei) d' ei)s ta/xos e)lau/nois, tou= me\n
sw/matos tou= sautou= mhd' o(tiou=n proba/lh|s, makra\n de\ th\n xei=ra
th\n h(nioxou=san protei/nwn su\n braxei/a| th=| h(ni/a| ou)/sh| pote\ me\n
e)co/rma pote\ de\ kaqi/sth, kai\ e)ndi/dou to\n xalino\n kai\ a)nala/mbane.
ei) de\ katatei/noi au)to\n o( i(/ppos e)n tw=| dro/mw|, h)\ o( a)naba/ths a)pai/
deuto/s e)stin h)\ o( i(/ppos a)sqenh/s.
e)/sti de/ ti no/shma i(/ppwn kriqi/asis kai\ u(perai/mwsis u(po\ plhsmo
nh=s, kai\ ou)k e)kkomi/zousi to\n si=ton.
to/te xrh\ u(fairei=n kai\ xo/rton
paraba/llein mo/non, h)/ ti a)/llo tw=n koufote/rwn.
i(ppei/an de\ e)rei=s kai\ i(ppasi/an kai\ e)/lasin kai\ e)lasi/an
kai\ h(nio/xhsin, kai\ e)gkaqh=sqai e)po/xws kai\ bebai/ws h)\ pagi/ws
kai\ e)fedreu/ein_e)/sti me\n ga\r biaio/teron, a)ll' ou)k e)/cw filotimi/as_
e)pibai/nein kai\ a)nabai/nein, kai\ e)pe/bh kai\ a)ne/bh, e)c w(=n e)piba/ths,
a)naba/ths.
kai\ klwgmw=| me\n e)cegei/rein to\n i(/ppon e)rei=s kai\
r(oi/zw|_tau=ta de\ kai\ o(rmhth/ria shmei=a o)noma/zetai_, poppusmw=| de\
parista/nai kai\ kaqista/nai.
to\ de\ e)ndo/simon ei)s to\n dro/mon
krou=sai tw=| podi\ th\n gaste/ra kai\ a)nakla/sai to\n au)xe/na e)k tou=
xalinou=.
tw=| de\ a)qu/mw| i(/ppw| ou)de\n fau=lon kai\ e)mbalei=n tw=| mu/wpi:
oi( ga\r qumoeidei=s a)ganaktou=si pro\s th\n plhgh\n w(s u(/brin, kai\ e)k
fe/rontai ei)s dro/mon u(po\ o)rgh=s, kai\ sfalerwte/ran pare/xontai tw=|
i(ppei= th\n r(u/mhn, h)\n de\ a)/fippo/s tis h)=| kai\ a)be/baios, kai\ a)po
sei/ontai kai\ e)kfe/rousi kai\ a)naxaiti/zousin, i(sta/menoi kata\ tou\s
ou)rai/ous po/das.
o( pompiko\s i(/ppos e)xe/tw yuxh\n megalo/frona, sw=ma eu)/
rwston, o)sfu=n u(gra\n kai\ braxei=an kai\ i)sxura/n, ou) th\n kat' ou)ra\n
a)lla\ th\n metacu\ tw=n pleurw=n kai\ tw=n i)sxi/wn, w(s du/nasqai u(po
tiqe/nai ta\ o)pi/sqia ske/lh u(po\ ta\ e)mpro/sqia.
e)ce/geire de\ au)to\n toi=s
o(rmhthri/ois shmei/ois, kai\ a)na/kroue tw=| xalinw=|, kai\ e)ndi/dou au)tw=|
to\ sto/mion, i(/na xai/rh| th=| xalaro/thti kai\ fe/rhtai kudrw=| tw=| sxh/
mati.
ou) dei= de\ au)to\n muwpi/zein, a)lla\ ma=llon kataya=n kai\ e)gke
leu/esqai, kai\ dida/skein kurtou=sqai th\n kefalh/n, w(s kai\ au)to\s sxh
matopoiei=tai kata\ to\n pro\s ta\s qhlei/as kallwpismo/n.
e)a\n meleta=|s a)f' i(/ppou ta\ stratiwtika\ a)nqippeu/wn e(te/rois,
a)konti/ois e)sfairwme/nois ke/xrhso kai\ do/rati o(moi/ws pepragmateu
me/nw| sfairwtw=|, w(/ste ei)=nai th\n plhgh\n a)sinh=.
kalo\n de\ labo/menon
tou= a)ntipa/lou, kai\ e(lku/santa e)f' e(auto/n, a)/fnw a)fei=nai: to\ ga\r
toiou=ton katablhtiko/n.
parafulakte/on de\ o(/ti o( *cenofw=n
(
to\n i(/ppon a)straga/lous e)/xein, *)aristote/lous
(
tou= peri\ tau=ta deinou= fa/skontos mhde\n tw=n mwnu/xwn e)/xein
a)straga/lous, mhde\ to\n o)/non, mo/non de\ to\n *)indiko/n, w(=| kai\ ke/ras
e)k tou= metw/pou e)kpefuke/nai le/gei.
didakte/on de\ to\n i(/ppon kai\ u(pobiba/zesqai: e)/sti de\ tou=to
diista/nta ta\ ske/lh e)gkaqi/zein te kai\ tapeinou=n e(auto/n, w(/ste eu)petw=s
a)nabai/nein to\n i(ppe/a.
sthrikte/on de\ au(to/n, o(/tan o( i(/ppos a)/rchtai
th=s e)piskeli/sews: e)piske/lisin d' o( *cenofw=n kalei=
(
a)rxh\n th=s tw=n podw=n kinh/sews.
pe/dh de\ i(ppasi/a h( kukloterh/s,
e(teromh/khs pe/dh h( mh=kos tw=| ku/klw| prostiqei=sa.
e)rei=s de\ sxedi/a
i(ppasi/a kai\ sxe/dhn i(ppa/zesqai, kai\ r(u/mh| e)celau/nein kai\ a)po\ r(uth=ros,
a)nei=nai to\n i(/ppon, kai\ e)fei=nai to\n xalino\n ei)s ta/xos, kai\ pa/sas
a)nasei=sai ta\s h(ni/as, kai\ tw=| ke/ntrw| e)caima/ssein.
tou\s de\ qumoeide
ste/rous i(/ppous kataya=n xrh\ ma=llon h)\ kentri/zein, kai\ protre/pein
ma=llon h)\ e)canagka/zein.
ei) d' e)gkaqi/zeis i(/ppw|, mh\ pa/nu tou\s mhrou\s
pie/zein, a)ll' ai)wrei=n u(grou\s tou\s po/das, kai\ paraplh/sion ei)=nai
e(sthko/ti: kai\ ga\r h( i)sxu\s ple/on e)pi\ tw=n e(sthko/twn h)\ e)pi\ tw=n
e)gkaqezome/nwn.
peirw= de\ tw=| sw/mati mhdeno\s tw=n e)rgazome/nwn
tou= i(/ppou prosa/ptesqai, oi(=on podw=n h)\ pleura=s: e)kei/nous te ga\r
diafe/rei kai\ tau/thn parafe/rei.
ei) de\ e)/poxos ei)/hs e)k mele/ths, kai\
r(a=|o/n se oi)/sei o( i(/ppos.
ei) me/ntoi ou(/tw kaqi/zeis, kai\ a)kontiei=s e)pi
skopw/tata su\n r(w/mh|, e)perei/dontos tou= i(/ppou th\n a)/fesin tou= do/
ratos: kai\ ga\r au)to\s sumba/lletai th=| fora=|, r(u/mh| sumproxwrw=n.
susth/sas de\ ta\s h(ni/as, kai\ h)re/ma pla/gios geno/menos, kai\ mhku/nas
th\n xei=ra th\n xalinagwgou=san, ou(/tws a)ko/ntize.
fru/agma i(/ppou, xremetismo/s, frimagmo/s, pneu=ma, fu/shma,
a)=sqma, gauri/ama, au)/xhma.
kai\ frua/ttesqai, xremeti/zein, frima/t
tesqai, fusa=n, a)sqmai/nein, e)kpnei=n, gauria=n.
e)/sti de\ kai\ ta/de i(ppika\ o)/rgana: seiragwgeu/s, r(utagwgeu/s,
ke/ntron, mu/wy, u(poxalini/dia, h(ni/a.
ei)/pois d' a)\n o(/ti ta\ me\n e)/mprosqen ske/lh ai)/rei, ta\ de\ o)/pisqen
prosa/getai.
a)mei/nwn de\ h( o(mo/xrws xai/th kai\ eu)/qric: a)glai/+a ga\r
xai/th toi=s i(/ppois, kai\ kallwpi/zontai kai\ gauriw=sin e)p' au)th=|:
o(po/te kai\ oi( o)nobatou=ntes, e)peida\n ai( i(/ppoi tw=n o)/nwn th\n mi=cin
a)tima/zwsi kai\ a)fubri/zwsin ei)s au)tou/s, a)pokei/rantes ta\s i(/ppous
e)pi\ phga\s a)/gousin: ai( d' w(/sper e)n kato/ptrw| qeasa/menai th\n ai)sxu/
nhn tou= sw/matos a)phglai+sme/nhs th=s ko/mhs, a)ne/xontai to/te th\n pro\s
to\ xei=ron o(mili/an.
i(/ppos me/ntoi pro\s qh/leian kallwpizo/menos
o)rqo\n ai)/rei to\n au)xe/na kai\ kudrou=tai kai\ sobaro/s e)stin e)n tw=|
dro/mw|.
kai\ ma/lista d' a)\n au)tw=| diapre/yeie to\ ka/llos, ei) fu/sei
e)/xoi a)natetame/non kai\ u(yhlo\n to\n au)xe/na, kai\ th\n korufh\n mega/
lhn, kai\ ta\ w)=ta e)la/ttw tou= pro\s th\n kefalh\n me/trou.
e)a\n me\n e)nda/kwsi to\n xalino\n oi( i(/ppoi kli/nantes th\n ke
falh/n, e)kfe/rousin: parafe/rontes de\ to\n tra/xhlon kai\ pukna\
diasei/ontes bia/zontai kai\ a)posei/ontai: a)naneu/ousi ga\r e)pi\ th\n r(a/xin
a)naxaiti/zontes.
e)/sti de/ tis i(/ppou dro/mos e)/kdromos, o(/tan u(pe\r
to\ tetagme/non tou= dro/mou me/tron u(po\ r(u/mhs e)kfe/rhtai.
o( me\n
sklhro\s i(/ppos duskamph/s, ka)\n e)fh=|s au)tw=| to\n xalino/n, ou) r(a=|sta
a)nalamba/nei: o( de\ malako/gnaqos kai\ peiqh/nios tau/th| kri/netai, ei)
to\n xalino\n e)fe/nti, o(/tan a)nalabei=n e)qe/lh|s, r(a|di/ws pei/qetai, kai\
ei) u(poshmh/nantos ei)s dro/mon meta\ r(u/mhs e)kdramw/n, su/nqhma ei)s
sta/sin do/ntos eu)qe/ws i(/statai.
e)n toi=s ou)k eu)ko/lois xwri/ois ei)si\ kai\ bw=loi kai\ e)rga/sima kai\
a)ro/sima kai\ a)nti/tupa kai\ steno/pora: e)n toi=s eu)ko/lois i(ppo/dromoi,
lewfo/roi, a(mach/latoi, platei=ai, eu)ruxw/ria.
e)n toi=s a)ntitu/pois
pa/sxousin ai( knh=mai, a(\s *cenofw=n
(
sw/matos.
to\ de\ e)pirabdoforei=n to\n i(/ppon, o(/per gi/netai ei)/ tis ei)s
dro/mon e)celau/nei, ou) pa/nu e)painou=sin oi( i(ppikoi/.
kalou=ntai de\ i(ppei=s, i(ppo/tai, h(ni/oxoi, a)naba/tai, a)mba/tai,
kai\ i(pperastai\ de\ oi( fi/lippoi.
*gewrgika\ o)no/mata: gh=, gewrgi/a, a)groiki/a, a)groi/, e)sxatiai/,
a)/lsh, drumoi/, drumw=nes, u(=lai, e(/lh, i)=dai, na/pai.
gewrgoi/, gh=s
e)rga/tai h)\ e)rgasth=res, w(s *cenofw=n
(
ou(\s *(/omhros
(*s ei)=ta futourgoi/, neo
poioi\ h)\ neou=ntes h)\ nea/zontes h)\ neopoiou=ntes, o)xetagwgoi/,
skalei=s, a)gro/tai, sporei=s, a)mhth=res_e)/sti de\ tou=to poihtikw/
teron_, a)mw=ntes, qeristai/, trughtai/, trugh/triai, kalamhtri/des,
a)morgei=s, e)laioko/moi, a)mallodeth=res, o)xethgoi/, skafei=s, skapa
nei=s, likmhtai/, a)lsoko/moi, khpouroi/.
spe/rmata, futa/, futeuth/ria
_ma/lista de\ e)pi\ e)laiw=n ou(/tws o)noma/zetai_, dra/gmata, a)ma/llai,
futeu/mata, mosxeu/mata, khpeu/mata.
neou=n, nea/zein, neo\n u(perga/
zesqai.
polh=sai, o(/ e)sti to\ au)to\ tw=| a)ro/sai, o(/qen kai\ h( di\s a)ro
qei=sa di/polos kai\ h( tri\s tri/polos: *(/omhros
(*s
tri/polon," *(hsi/odos
(
e)pidraca/menon balei=n th\n gh=n tw=| spe/rmati.
e)pispori/a de/ e)stin, o(/tan
tis ei)s tau)to\ spe/rma spe/rma ti e)pemba/lh|: o(\ dei= fula/ttesqai.
gi/
netai de\ kai\ kerasbo/la spe/rmata, e)a\n toi=s tw=n bow=n ke/rasi prospe/sh|:
a(\ e)kbai/nei a)tera/mona, toute/stin ou) r(a|di/ws e(yo/mena.
a)nasu=rai th\n
gh=n, w(s mh\ katapni/goito ta\ futa/.
a)ntiprosamh/sasqai, ei) gumnwqei=en
ai( r(i/zai.
e)rei=s de\ a)/mpelon temei=n, gurw=sai, tafreu=sai, a)mh=sai, kla/sai,
kladeu=sai.
a)/rdein, o)xetagwgei=n, a)nakaqh=rai th\n u(drorro/hn, baqu=nai
th\n a)ma/ran, e)ktre/yai to\ u(/dwr.
xa/raka paraph/casqai tai=s a)mpe/lois,
ka/maka parasth/sasqai.
a)naqre/yai to\ futo/n, a)loh=sai tou\s purou/s,
ska/yai th\n gh=n, trugh=sai ta\s a)mpe/lous, sunagagei=n tou\s karpou/s,
qhmw=nas e)gei=rai, likmh=sai, a)pokaqh=rai ta\ a)/xura tw=| ploka/nw|, a)po
kri=nai ta\s a)xurmia/s.
qrigko\n peribalei=n, ai(masia\n periela/sasqai,
r(a/xon peristh/sasqai, h)\ a)spala/qous e)gei/rein.
qli/bein ta\s stafula\s
e)n tai=s lhnoi=s, tre/pein, patei=n.
tri/bein ta\s e)lai/as, a)me/rgein,
katame/rgein.
koprou=n, kai\ ko/prou a)gwga\s prosfe/rein.
ta\s suka=s
suka/zein: e)pi\ de\ pa/shs o)pw/ras to\ o)pwri/zein, bwlokopei=n, o)nh
latei=n, a)mpelourgei=n, kai\ o)/nw| koprofo/rw| e(/pesqai.
skapte/a,
futeute/a, trughte/a, a)lohte/a, a)leste/a.
ta\ de\ o)no/mata tw=n prag
ma/twn neo/s, a)/rotos, spora/, a)mhto/s, a)lohto/s, futei/a, trughto/s,
karpw=n sullogh/, tru/gh, stafulh=s qli=yis, oi)/nou sunagwgh/, e)lai/ou
tribh/: a)po\ ga\r tou= ska/ptein ska/llein likma=n ou)x eu(ri/skw kekrime/na
o)no/mata.
gh= de\ e)rei=s eu)/foros, eu)/sporos, eu)h/rotos a)rw/simos,
baqei=a, baqu/gews, pi/eira, pi/wn, eu)/karpos, polu/foros, dikai/a.
to\ d' e)nanti/on lepth/, petrw/dhs, yammw/dhs, liqw/dhs, u(po/liqos,
u(po/petros, u(po/yammos, a)/foros, a)/sporos, a)baqh/s, chra/, dush/
rotos, a)/karpos, felli/s, a)/dikos.
*me/nandros
(
kaion gh/|dion kalei= to\ mhde\n ple/on tou= spe/rmatos e)kfe/ron.
pedi/a, a)/rourai, e)rga/sima, lh/ia, o)rga/des, lo/foi, o)/rxoi, pra
siai/, a)mpelourgi/ai, a)/lsh, kh=poi, leimw=nes, au)lw=nes, para/deisoi.
ei)/pois d' a)\n o)/rh a)mpelofo/ra, a)mpelo/futa, a)mpelw/dh, eu)/cula,
eu)/dendra, polu/dendra, la/sia: ghlo/fous eu)ampe/lous, eu)fu/tous,
h(duoi/nous, katarru/tous: a)rou/ras eu)pu/rous, lh/ia komw=nta, kh/pous
e)ndro/sous, paradei/sous eu)ka/rpous, a)/lsh eu)/koma, kata/skia, eu)/skia,
eu)/noma, skiera/, a)mfilafh=, a)mfi/koma, leimw=nas eu)anqei=s, au)lw=nas
e)laioko/mous.
r(o/da, kri/na, i)/a, kro/kos, lwto/s, na/rkissos, u(a/kinqos, qrualli/s,
sisumbri/a, e(/rpullon, a)nemw=nai.
oi( de\ poihtai\
(
kai\ a)di/anto/n ti a)/nqos kalou=si kai\ a)ma/ranton kai\ leuko/ion.
to/poi
de\ tw=n a)nqe/wn o( me\n pa/ntwn leimw/n, i)di/a| de\ a)po\ me\n tw=n a)/llwn
ou)k oi)=da ei)/ ti ke/klhtai, tw=n de\ r(o/dwn r(odwnia/, kai\ i)wnia\
tw=n i)/wn.
e)pi\ futw=n kai\ de/ndrwn karpofo/rwn e)rei=s a)kma/zei,
o)rga=|, sparga=|, bru/ei_ma/lista de\ tou=to e)p' e)laiw=n_, a)nqei=, kar
poforei=, blasta/nei, qa/llei.
kai\ ta\ e)c au)tw=n o)no/mata a)/nqh kai\
a)/nqhsis kai\ bla/sthsis kai\ bla/sth.
kai\ eu)qale\s e)rei=s kai\ eu)anqe/s,
eu)blaste/s, eu)erne/s, teqhlo/s, a)eiqale/s: e)pi\ de\ tw=n e)nanti/wn a)nanqe/s,
dusanqe/s, duserne/s, a)phnqhko/s, a)/fullon, e)chnqhko/s.
kai\ marai/
netai, sbe/nnutai, a)panqei=, fullorroei=, gumnou=tai, yilou=tai.
kai\
"fulloxo/os mh\n" o( tau=ta poiw=n, w(s *(hsi/odos
(ne/on,
neogene/s, neoblaste/s, a)rtigene/s, a)rti/gonon, a)rtifue/s, neofue/s, neo/
futon: eu)tele\s me\n ga\r to\ o)/noma, ke/xrhtai de\ au)tw=| *)aristofa/nhs
(
de/ndra ta\ me\n e)/gkarpa ta\ de\ a)/karpa.
tw=n e)gka/rpwn meta\
e)lai/as kai\ a)mpe/lou kai\ sukh=s mhle/ai, o)/gxnai, r(oiai/, kokku/mhla_to\
de\ de/ndron au)to\ e)n th=| me/sh| kwmw|di/a|
(
fe/retai o( kokku/mhlos, xrh=tai de\ kai\ *)arxi/loxos
(
tw=n kokkumh/lwn o)no/mati_, a)xra/des, kw=noi, foi/nikes, ka/rua ta\ ou)k
e)/xonta diafuh/n_ei)/h d' a)\n tau=ta ta\ leptoka/rua, h)\ ma=llon ta\
kasta/nia o)nomazo/mena: fhsi\ ga\r peri\ au)tw=n *cenofw=n
(
"pai=das sesiteume/nous karu/ois e(fqoi=s." e)/nioi de\ tau=ta kai\ *dio\s
bala/nous u(po\ tw=n kwmw|dw=n keklh=sqai nomi/zousin_a)mugdalai=,
te/rminqos_ei)/rhtai d' au)tou= o( karpo\s u(p' e)ni/wn kai\ tere/binqos_,
suka/minos_h( de\ me/sh kwmw|di/a
(
suka/minon ou)dete/rws kalei=, to\ de\ de/ndron a)rrenikw=s e)kfe/retai:
o( suka/minos, suka/min', o(ra=|s, forei=_,
krani/a, me/spila.
tw=n d' a)ka/rpwn dru=s_ta/xa d' a)\n ei)/h a)mfi/bolos pro\s ta\
e)/gkarpa dia\ tou\s balanhfa/gous *)arka/das, kai\ ma/lista ei) pro\
purw=n tou\s a)nqrw/pous e)/qreyen h( ba/lanos_, pla/tanos, peu/kh,
ptele/a, meli/a, ai)/geiros, leu/kh, da/fnh, pi/tus, kupa/rittos, ke/dros,
qu/on, i)te/a, muri/kh, murri/nh: ei) mh\ da/fnhn kai\ murri/nhn toi=s
e)gka/rpois prosqete/on, w(=n o( karpo\s th=s me\n dafni/des th=s de\
mu/rta.
ta\ tou= de/ndrou me/rh r(i/zai, kai\ r(izotrofei=n,
r(izou=sqai, sth=nai, pagh=nai, sthrixqh=nai, r(i/zas a)potei=nai.
pre/mnon
lei=on o(male/s.
e)rei=s d' au)to\ kai\ ste/lexos, stereo/n, i)sxuro/n,
eu)me/geqes, paxu/, o)/rqion, xeiroplhqe/s, gennai=on, eu)fue/s, eu)/ogkon,
u(pe/rogkon.
kla/doi, klw=nes, pto/rqoi: o(/rphkes ga/r e)sti poihti
ko/n
(
o)/rqioi, kexume/noi, a)pokexume/noi, eu)/fulloi, komw=ntes, a)mfilafei=s,
a)mfi/komoi, eu)/komoi, skieroi/, eu)/skioi, su/skioi, baqei=s, dasei=s,
baqei=an poiou=ntes th\n skia/n, pollh/n, platei=an, i(kanh/n, a)rkou=san,
a)poxrw=san, dayilh=, u(perapoxrw=san.
to\ de\ e)nanti/on e)rei=s a)fu/l
lous, a)ko/mous, gumnou/s, gegumnwme/nous, yilou/s, a)peyilwme/nous
th=s ko/mhs, a)fh|rhme/nous th=s ko/mhs, e)cerruhko/tas, geghrako/tas,
a)pokekosmhme/nous, a)pokekallwpisme/nous, a)phnqhko/tas, a)poke
karpisme/nous, a)posesulhme/nous th=s ko/mhs, a)fhbhko/tas.
i)di/ws de\
kalei=tai o( th=s e)lai/as kla/dos qallo/s, w(/sper o( th=s a)mpe/lou klh=ma, kai\
to\ th=s sukh=s fu/llon qri=on, w(/sper to\ th=s a)mpe/lou oi)/naron.
ta\ de\
fu/lla kai\ pe/tala kalei=tai: le/gois d' a)\n a(pala/, neara/, xlwra/,
xloanqh=.
to\n de\ karpo\n ei)/pois a)\n kai\ a)/nqos kai\ fora\n kai\ fo/rhma
kai\ e)kfo/rion kai\ e)pikarpi/an, kai\ karpo\n a)kma/zonta kai\ pe/pona kai\
w(rai=on kai\ w)mo\n kai\ pro/wron.
e)rei=s de\ si/tou e)kbolh/, futw=n
a)/nqh, sukh= o)rgw=sa, a)/mpelos h(bw=sa, e)lai/a bru/ousa.
ta\ de\ tre/fonta karpou\s h)\ de/ndra o)/mbroi, potamoi/, krh=nai,
krounoi/, phgai/, pi/dakes, dro/soi, liba/des, i)kma/des, noti/des, e)/n
drosos gh=, pidu/ousa, i)kma/zousa, u(/dwr a)nadidou=sa, notera/, no/tios,
e)/nnotos, e)nno/tios, liba/zousa, kata/rrutos, phga/zousa.
au)=rai,
pnoai/, pneu/mata zefu/ria.
kai\ ei) e)painei=s xwri/on, e)rei=s eu)/udron, e)/ndroson, u(drhlo/n,
malako/n, baqu/, kata/rruton, e)pi/rruton, e)/mfuton, kata/futon,
pukno/n, dasu/, skiero/n, su/ndendron, eu)/dendron, kata/dendron, eu)qale/s,
a)mfiqale/s, a)mfilafe/s, eu)/karpon, kalli/karpon, polu/karpon, eu)/foron,
eu)qhnou=n: ei) de\ leimw=na, le/ge eu)anqh/s, poluanqh/s, polu/foros,
o)rgw=n, eu)qhnw=n, eu)/odmos, eu)/pnous, kata/pnous, katapneo/menos,
eu)/xrous, polu/xrous, polu/morfos, polueidh/s, poluxrw/matos, h(/dista
e)/xwn ta\ a)pofero/mena pneu/mata, h)rino\n pne/wn.
ei) de\ de/ndron,
eu)pragou=n, eu)qhnou=n, eu)/foron, polu/foron, eu)/karpon, polu/
karpon: kai\ de/ndrou eu)pragi/a, eu)qhni/a, eu)fori/a, polukarpi/a, eu)
karpi/a, polufori/a.
e)lai/as me\n ou)=n a)/nqos e)rei=s leuko/n, pukno/n, sunexe/s.
h(
de\ a)grielai/a ko/tinos kalei=tai: ei) de\ e)mfuteu/sais tw=| koti/nw| h(/meron,
ai( toiau=tai e)lai=ai kotina/des.
h( de\ i(era\ e)lai/a mori/a, h( de\ e)n
*)olumpi/a| kalliste/fanos.
pa/nta de\ ta\ e)mfuteuo/mena h(/mera toi=s
a)gri/ois e)mblh/mata kalei=tai.
th=s de\ sukh=s o( karpo\s gluku/s,
h(du/s, proshnh/s.
su=ka, i)sxa/des, pala/qh.
i)sxa\s ne/a kai\ xlwra/,
h)\ a)rxai/a kai\ chra/: oi( de\ kwmw|doi\
(
kopth\n le/gousin.
ai( me/ntoi ne/ai sukai= suka/des e)kalou=nto: e)/nioi
de\ kai\ ta\s telei/as ou(/tws e)ka/loun.
o( de\ tou= e)rineou= karpo/s, o(/sper
e)sti\n a)gri/a sukh=, e)/rina kalei=tai: a(\ prosartw=si tai=s sukai=s, o(/pws mh\
a)popi/pth| o( karpo/s.
to\ de\ ta\ e)/rina sulle/gein h)\ periarta=n suka/
zein le/gousin.
a)mpe/lou stafulai\ kai\ bo/trues, kai\ a)p' au)tw=n
ai( stafuli/des kai\ ai( stafi/des.
a)mpe/lous me/ntoi h(duoi/nous kai\
poluoi/nous kai\ eu)oi/nous.
kai\ peripeta/nnutai ta\ oi)/nara, a)pofqi
no/ntwn tw=n fu/llwn.
bo/trus de\ w(rai/ous kai\ pe/ponas kai\ gen
nai/ous kai\ a)kma/zontas kai\ o)rgw=ntas, h)\ to\ e)nanti/on w)mou/s, a)telei=s,
e)cw/rous, a)w/rous, o)/mfakas.
le/getai de\ karpo\s o( me/n tis a)qhsau/
ristos, o(\n ou)k e)/stin a)poqe/sqai, o( de\ a)po/qetos, o( yuxo/menos kai\
h(liou/menos.
peri\ foi/nikos e)rei=s o)/rqios, u(yhlo/s, traxu/s, i)sxuro/s,
a)eiqalh/s.
kalei=tai de\ kai\ o( kla/dos au)tou= o(mwnu/mws foi=nic, kai\
r(a/bdos foi/nikos, kai\ e)n toi=s poihtai=s
(
to\ de\ fu/llon qallo/s.
o( de\ karpo\s o( me\n tou= a)/rrenos yh/n, o( de\
th=s qhlei/as ba/lanos.
e)c ou(= de\ kre/mantai ai( ba/lanoi, spa/qh: ei)/rhke
to\ o)/noma *cenofw=n
(?
) kai\ *(hro/dotos
(
tine\s ei)=xon e)k tau/ths th=s spa/qhs.
e)rgalei/wn gewrgikw=n o)no/mata dre/panon, drepa/nh, di/kella,
a)/mh, make/lh, a)ci/nh, li/stron, plo/kanon, qri=nac, sminu/h, ptu/on h)\
pte/on: kai\ likmhthri\s de\ kalei=tai.
tru/goipos, e)n w(=| dihqou=si
th\n tru/ga: tru\c de\ ou)k e)pi\ oi)/nou mo/non a)lla\ kai\ e)pi\ e)lai/ou.
ei)=ta a)/rotron, bwloko/pos, sfu=ra, skali/s, o(/lmos, u(/peron, ka/rdopos,
h( kai\ qui/+a, doi=duc o( kai\ a)letri/banos, ska/fh, ma/ktra, skafi/s, formo/s,
yi/aqos, ko/finos, sw/rakos, stafulobo/lion, o(/ e)sti tamiei=on.
tripth/r,
a)/rrixos, xoi=nic, trixoi/nikon, e(kteu/s, h(mi/ekton, me/dimnos, fru/getron,
w(=| ta\s ka/xrus e)/frugon, kodomei/a, kai\ kodomeu/triai ai( fru/gousai.
*so/lwn de\ kai\ ta\s nu/mfas i)ou/sas e)pi\ to\n ga/mon e)ke/leuse fru/getron
fe/rein shmei=on a)lfitourgi/as.
e)pi\ h)melhme/nou xwri/ou a)/sporon, a)/skafon, a)bwlo/kopon,
a)kanqw=des, a)kanqw=n kata/plewn, tribo/lwn, %kouni/dwn%, a)spala/qwn,
konu/zhs, knidw=n, qa/mnwn, a)grw/stidos, a(\ dei= e)coru/ttein, e)pikai/ein,
e)pifle/gein, e)pioru/ttein, purpolei=n.
laxa/nwn o)no/mata qridaki/nh, r(a/fanos: h( kra/mbh de\ ou(/tws
e)kalei=to.
h(\n de\ oi( polloi\ r(a/fanon kalou=si, r(afani/s: kai\ para\
*(hrodo/tw|
(pra/son, kro/m
muon, sko/rodon, se/linon, mala/xh, teu=tlon, kori/annon, kina/ra: a)sfa/
ragos o( a)kanqi/as le/getai, o)/rmenos de\ o( h(/meros o( a)po\ th=s
kra/mbhs e)kkaulou/menos.
koloku/nth, gogguli/s, puroi/, kriqai/,
o)/spria, katereikta/, fasi/oloi, fakai=, ku/amoi, w)xroi/, dolixoi/, la/quroi,
knh=kos, e)re/binqos, r(ou=s, tra/goi, a)ra/kh, ku/minon.
kai\ a)po\
me\n kriqw=n ptisa/nh kai\ a)/lfita, a)po\ de\ si/tou xo/ndros kai\ se
mi/dalis.
zeiai/, sh/sama, ke/gxroi, mh/kwn, li/nos.
a)/mulos a)/rtos,
kaxrudi/as a)/rtos, kegxri/as, o)beli/as a)/rtos kai\ o)beli/ths.
kai\
a)/rtous kolla/bous.
a)qa/rh e)k kagxrudi/ou, panospri/a, pu=os, puria/th
to\ u(po\ tw=n pollw=n lego/menon puri/efqon.
ei)=ta kri/mna, ma=za,
ko/llura, ste/mfula, kurh/bia: ta\ ga\r faulo/tera tw=n purw=n kurh/bia
kalei=tai.
oi)=nos gluku/s, h(du/s, e)pagwgo/s, po/timos, a)nqosmi/as:
o( d' a)/llos deuteri/as, e)cesthkw/s, tropi/as, e)ktropi/as, o)ci/nhs.
me/rh d' a)\n ei)/h tw=n kat' a)grou\s bouko/lia, ai)po/lia, poi/mnia.
kai\ o(/pou me\n ai( bo/es i(/stantai, bou/staqma, boau/lia, bousta/seis,
o(/pou de\ ai( oi)=es kai\ ai( ai)=ges, au)lh\ kai\ shko/s.
kai\ o( me\n bouko/los
kai\ boutro/fos a)\n le/goito kai\ bouforbo/s, w(/sper o( u(pozeugnu\s au)ta\s
bohla/ths, o( de\ tw=n proba/twn h(gemw\n poimh/n, w(/sper o( tw=n ai)gw=n
ai)po/los: oi( de\ pa/ntwn tw=n tetrapo/dwn nomh=s.
tw=n de\ pro
ba/twn kai\ ai)gw=n ta\s h(liki/as o( poihth\s
(
go/nous kai\ meta/ssas kai\ e(/rsas w)no/masen.
kalei=tai de\ tw=n me\n bow=n
ta\ ne/a mo/sxoi, tw=n de\ proba/twn a)/rnes, tw=n de\ ai)gw=n e)/rifoi, w(/sper
tw=n me\n ai)gw=n o( h(gemw\n tra/gos, tw=n de\ oi)w=n krio\s kai\ kti/los,
tw=n de\ bow=n tau=ros.
ta\ de\ r(h/mata ne/mein, poimai/nein, ai)polei=n,
e)pi\ noma\s e)ca/gein.
kai\ ou)/qata me\n sfrigw=nta e)rei=s, o(/tan
plh/reis ga/laktos w)=sin oi( mastoi/: to\ de\ e(/lkein a)p' au)tw=n to\
ga/la bda/llein kai\ a)me/lgein kalei=tai.
e)rei=s de\ turokomei=n
kai\ galourgei=n kai\ galaktourgei=n, kai\ phgnu/nai to\ ga/la kai\
tre/fein kai\ sunista/nai.
to\ de\ fau=lon tou= ga/laktos o)ro/s.
ta\ de\
a)ggei=a gau=loi, skafi/des, turokomei=a, tarsoi/, turoforei=a kai\
ta/laroi.
subw/ths d' e)rei=s kai\ subo/sia kai\ sufeoi\ kai\ su/foi
kai\ xoirokomei=a, e)rgmo\s u(w=n.
xoi=roi, u(/es te/leioi, u(/es a)ga/
laktoi kai\ galaqhnoi/, kai\ ta\ o)yi/gona meta/xoira.
a)ro/trou me/rh e)xe/tlh to\ kato/pin cu/lon o)rqo/n, ou(= e)/xetai
o( a)ro/ths: au)to\ de\ to\ koi=lon au)tou=, kaq' o(\ th\n xei=ra e)narmo/zei, xeiro
labi/s.
o(/pou d' e)mpe/phgen h( e)xe/tlh, a)lu/h, w(=| de\ o( zugo\s e)nh/rmostai,
e)/luma.
to\ de\ a)rou=n sidh/rion u(/nis, h(=s to\ a)/kron nu/mfh.
o( de\ r(umo\s
h(/rmostai e)k tw=nde.
to\ me\n e)pikampe\s au)tou=, w(=| u(potei/netai to\
e)/luma gegomfwme/non, gu/hs, to\ de\ meta\ to\n gu/hn i(stoboeu/s, to\ de\
te/los au)tou= to\ meta\ to\n zugo\n korw/nh.
o( de\ platu\s i(ma\s o( tw=|
zugw=| parakaqapto/menos e)xe/boion h)\ mesa/boion kalei=tai: katalamba/
nousi d' au)to/n, o(/tan perieli/cwsin, ei)s to\ tou= zugou= tru/phma kerki/da
culi/nhn e)mbalo/ntes, h(\ kalei=tai e)/ndruon.
a(ma/chs me/rh a)/cwn, troxoi/, kli=mac to\ u(pe\r tou= a)/conos pro/
mhkes cu/lon e)k tetta/rwn sunesthko\s kai\ me/sas r(a/bdous pro/sqen
me\n plei/ous o)/pisqen d' e)la/ttous e)/xon, e)n me/sw| de\ th\n u(perteri/an
e)nhrmosme/nhn, h(=s ta\ e(kate/rwqen pleura\ qairoi\ kalou=ntai, decio\s kai\
a)ristero/s.
u(pope/phge d' au)toi=s cu/la a(\ qairai=a o)noma/zetai: oi(=s
e)farmo/zontai oi( a(mach/podes, u(f' w(=n o( a)/cwn e(/lketai strefo/menos.
ta\ de\ e)fech=s tw=| a(/rmati ta\ au)ta/, oi(=on r(umo/s, zugo/s, zeu/glh,
a)krozu/gion kai\ ta\ toiau=ta.
e)rei=s de\ smh=nos to\ plh=qos tw=n melittw=n: o(
de\ to/pos si/mbloi, to\ de\ e)/rgon melittourgei=n: bli/ttein de\ to\
kapni/zein ta\s meli/ttas kai\ poiei=n a)naxwrei=n.
o( de\ a)/rxwn tou=
smh/nous h(gemw\n kai\ basileu/s, w(=| to\ pa=n e(/petai.
ta\ de\ e)/kgona
sxado/nes, to\ de\ a)rgo\n e)/qnos khfh=nes.
ta\ de\ a)ggei=a ku/ttaroi.
to\n de\ melittourgou=nta kapni/zein dei=, o(/pws a)nasobh=| ta\s meli/ttas,
to\ ga\r ke/ntron ou)k eu)/foron.
o( de\ h)=xos tw=n melittw=n bo/mbos,
kai\ bombei=n to\ h)xei=n.
ta\ de\ e)/rga khri/a, me/li, meli/khra.
ei)si\ de\
sxado/nes kai\ e)dw/dimoi.
*)/emellon de\ kai\ kunhgetika\ prostiqe/nai, kai\ a)/lla e)p' a)/llois
kai\ polla\ e)pi\ polloi=s.
a)ll' w(s mh\ ei)s ple/on a)potei/naimi to\
bibli/on, oi)=mai me\n kai\ se\ e)k paradei/gmatos th\n e)pi/noian labo/nta
kata\ th\n u(fh/ghsin tou= lo/gou ta\ loipa\ a)nereunh/sein: ei) de\ bou/lei,
ka)kei=na prosqh/sw.
*)iou/lios *poludeu/khs *kommo/dw| *kai/sari xai/rein.
o(/sa me\n
para\ toi=s th\n a)kribh= fwnh\n e)/xousi tw=n a)nqrw/pou melw=n h)=n
eu(rei=n, tau=ta dh\ par' e)kei/nwn e(/cein e)/mellon.
polla\ de\ kai\ oi(
tw=| peripa/tw| sunh/qeis e)mh/nuon h(mi=n, au)toi\ ta\ par' au(tw=n kai\
ta\ para\ tw=n i)atrw=n a)qroisa/menoi, par' w(=n kai\ h(mei=s tina\ tou/
twn sunele/camen: w(=n ga\r meta\ th\n pei=ran h( gnw=sis, tou/twn h(
xrei/a para\ tw=n pei/ra| gno/ntwn a)nagkai/a.
e)/rrwso.
e)rei=s ou)=n to\ su/nhqes a)/nqrwpos, a)nqrw/pion, a)nqrwpi/skos,
a)nqrw/pinon, a)nqrwpikw=s, a)nqrwpi/nws, a)nqrwpiko/n, a)nqrwpoeide/s.
a)nqrwpei/a te/xnh, w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
*pla/twn
(a)nqrwpi/zetai, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(to\ de\ a)nqrw/pou de/rma a)nqrwph=n *(hro/dotos
(
kalei=.
prosh/koi d' a)\n a)nqrw/pw| fila/nqrwpos, filanqrwpi/a, filan
qrw/pws, filanqrwpeu/esqai.
to\ de\ e)nanti/on a)pa/nqrwpos,
a)panqrwpi/a, a)panqrw/pws: ou) ga\r kai\ a)panqrwpeu/esqai, polua/n
qrwpos de\ kai\ poluanqrwpi/a kai\ o)liganqrwpi/a.
spe/rma spora/.
spei=rai, a)ro/sai, katabalei=n to\ spe/rma, u(po
de/casqai, kuh=sai, gennh=sai, tekei=n.
e)/mbruon, ku/hma, a)nemiai=on ku/hma,
tro/fimon, biw/simon.
to\ de\ ku/hma kai\ ku/os *)aristofa/nhs ke/klhken
(
h(/tis ku/ous' e)fa/nh ku/os tosoutoni/.
a)mblw=nai, a)mblwqri/dion kai\ a)mblwqri/dion fa/rmakon, kai\ a)/mblw
sis, w(s *lusi/as
(
`149 blge/nnhma,
ge/nnhsis, w(s *pla/twn
(gonh\ h( ge/nnhsis, w(s
*cenofw=n
(?
).
to/kos, ti/ktei, e)pi/tec, e)pi/foros kai\ e)pi/tokos:
tokw=sa de\ ei)=pe *krati=nos
(a)to/kion fa/rmakon, h)\
tiktiko/n, h)\ w)kuto/kia, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
bre/fos neogene/s, neo/gonon, a)rtigene/s, a)rti/gonon, prwto/tokon,
a)rti/tokon, prwto/gonon, nh/pion, a)/rti a)po\ gonh=s, a)/rti e)c a)mfi
dromi/wn.
to\ de\ neogillo\n *)isai=os me\n ei)/rhken e)n tw=| kat' *)are
sai/xmou
(a)/meinon d' au)tou= to\
par' *(hrodo/tw|
(au)toete/s,
e)/teion, diete/s, kai\ ta\ e)fech=s.
e)/ti e)n ga/lakti, e)pima/stion,
e)pimasti/dion, a)/rti a)po\ qhlh=s, a)/rti a)po\ mastou=.
paidi/on, paida/rion,
paidi/skos, pai=s, ko/ros, h)/|qeos, ou)/pw pro/shbos, h)/dh pro/shbos.
kai\
a)nti/pais u(po\ tw=n ne/wn kwmw|dw=n
(*pla/
twn d' o( kwmiko\s
(
pai=des, ge/rontes, meira/kia, palla/kia.
e)/fhbos, a)/rti e)c e)fh/bwn: tou=ton de\ kai\ a)feime/non w)no/mazon, kai\
perusino\n e)/fhbon.
a)/rti h(ba/skwn.
to/sa a)f' h(/bhs gegonw\s e)/th:
to\ ga\r prwqh/bhs poihtiko/n
(meira/kion, mei
raki/skos, meiraku/llion.
kai\ bou/pais par' *eu)po/lidi
(
ei)=ta a)ge/neios, leioge/neios, i)ou/lw| ne/on u(panqw=n para\ ta\ w)=ta
kaqe/rponti h)\ peri\ th\n u(ph/nhn a)ne/rponti, u(phnh/ths, e)n h)=ri th=s w(/ras,
e)n a)kmh=|, e)n a)/nqei.
parhnqhkw/s, parhbhkw/s, a)/fhbos, a)fhbh
kw/s, a)phnqhkw/s, e)k meiraki/wn ei)s a)/ndra paraggei/las, a)ndrizo/
menos, e)ntelh\s th\n h(liki/an, e)/nakmos, e)n tw=| meseu/onti tw=n
h(likiw=n, e)n th=| korufh=| tw=n kaq' h(liki/an a)naba/sewn, ei)s a)ndrw=n
h(liki/an u(palla/ttwn, geneiw=n, geneia/skwn, pw/gwnos u(popimpla/menos,
pwgwni/as, w(s *krati=nos
(proferh\s de\ le/getai
o( tw=| me\n xro/nw| new/teros, th=| de\ o)/yei dokw=n presbu/teros: sklhfro\s
de\ o( e)kei/nw| pefukw\s u(penanti/os, tou=ton de\ kai\ neoeidh= a)\n ei)/pois.
*qeo/pompos de\ au)to\ e)n *stratiw/tisin
(
ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s.
neani/skos, neani/as: o( ga\r ne/ac, ei) kai\ tw=n
ei)rhme/nwn e)sti/n, a)lla\ kwmikw/teron
(to\ de\
tou/twn plh=qos neolai/a.
ei)=ta a)nh/r, th\n ma/ximon h(liki/an e)/xwn,
th\n strateu/simon h(liki/an e)/xwn, tw=n e)k katalo/gou, a)kma/zwn, sfri
gw=n.
e)k th=s a)poma/xou h(liki/as, e)k th=s a)ma/xou, e)k th=s a)pole/mou,
e)k th=s a)strateu/tou, u(pe\r to\n kata/logon, u(pe\r ta\ e(ch/konta
gegonw\s e)/th, dhmhgo/rou h(liki/an e)/xwn, propo/lios, u(popo/lios w(s
*dhmosqe/nhs
(?
), mesaipo/lios, mesh=lic, polio/s: to\ ga\r poliokro/
tafos ou) kaq' h(ma=s.
w)moge/rwn, presbu/ths, o(/qen kai\ presbei=a ta\
ge/ra ta\ toi=s presbute/rois dido/mena.
kai\ to\ kata\ pre/sbin to\
kaq' h(liki/an, o(\ kai\ presbu/teron.
kai\ presbeu/ein to\ protima=n para\
*pla/twni
(
tou= ou)de\n timiw/teron.
ge/rwn, progh/rws, ghraio/s, w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
*)antifw=n
(kai\ gerousi/a to\ tw=n
gero/ntwn sune/drion, kai\ gerontika\ loutra\ para\ *pla/twni
(
kai\ gero/nteiai palai=strai par' *)antifa/nei
(tou\s de\
ge/rontas kai\ geraite/rous *cenofw=n
(*pla/twn
(prosh/koi d' a)\n
tw=| gh/rai kai\ to\ ghrotrofei=n, kai\ to\ ghrotrofei=sqai, kai\ to\
ghrokomei=n, kai\ to\ e)gghrotrofhqh=nai, kai\ ghrotro/foi, kai\ e)g
ghra=nai kai\ kataghra=nai.
*(uperei/dhs de\
(
ghrobosko\n ei)/rhke, kai\ *)/alecis
(
`221 bl
a)gh/rw, kai\ *pla/twn
(
"ko/smon a)gh/rw"
(
to\n a)gh/rwn, w(s kai\ *eu)ripi/dhs
(
kai\ *dhmosqe/nhs
(e)rei=s de\ polueth/s, ma
kro/bios, poluxro/nios, makrobi/otos kai\ makroxro/nios: *pla/twn
ga\r e)n *timai/w|
(?
) le/gei makroxroniw/teron.
le/goito d' a)\n kaq'
*(uperei/dhn
(
bi/ou, w(s u(pofe/resqai th\n glw=ttan, w(s sugkexu/sqai to\ fqe/gma ei)s
a)sa/feian, w(s para/foron ei)=nai th\n fwnh/n, w(s lelu/sqai tw\ xei=re,
w(s a)kratei=s ei)=nai dia\ gh=ras, w(s u(potre/mein tw\ po/de, w(s u(p
olisqai/nein, w(s ei)=nai sfalerou/s, a)bebai/ous, parafo/rous, a)pagei=s, ou)
stasi/mous, ou)k eu)staqei=s.
e(/petai de\ tou/tois kai\ ta\ kwmika\ skw/m
mata
(
teros *kro/nou, nwdoge/rwn, tumboge/rwn, makkow=n, paranow=n, para
geghrakw/s, parafronw=n, paralla/ttwn, e)cesthkw\s u(po\ gh/rws,
parakekinhkw\s u(f' h(liki/as, u(pe\r ta\s e)la/fous bebiwkw/s, u(pe\r ta\s
korw/nas, tai=s nu/mfais i)sh=lic.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n qhleiw=n ta\ me\n prw=ta tau)ta\ me/xri tou= paida/rion
_kai\ ga\r tou=to koino\n a)mfoi=n, qhleiw=n te kai\ a)rre/nwn_ta\ d'
e)fech=s paidi/skh, ko/rion para\ *eu)po/lidi e)n *ai)ci/n
(
ko/rh, kori/skh, kori/skion.
to\ ga\r kora/sion ei)/rhtai me/n, a)lla\
eu)tele/s, w(/sper kai\ to\ kori/dion.
kai\ pra=gma de\ koriko\n to\ parqeni
ko/n: a)ll' ou)de\ tou=to prosi/emai.
kai\ *fru/nixos
(
o( kwmiko\s ta\s ne/as a)fh/likas le/gei,
h)=san de\ kai\ gunai=kes || a)fh/likes:
*ferekra/ths
(
w(s kai\ *krati=nos
(e)rei=s de\
parqe/nos w(rai/a ga/mou.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
zein e)/fh ta\s a)kmazou/sas:
a)/llai de\ kuami/zousin au)tw=n, ei)si\ de/
h)/dh pro\s a)/ndras e)kpeth/simoi sxedo/n.
mei=rac, meiraki/skh, a)/gamos, e)pi/gamos, neo/gamos, gunh/, h)ndrwme/nh,
a)ndri\ memigme/nh, ne/a, a)kma/zousa, nea=nis, a)fhbhkui=a, parhbhkui=a,
pro\s gh=ras r(e/pousa, grau=s, kai\ w(s *)isai=os
(
raite/ra, grai=a, kai\ w(s *qeo/pompos o( kwmiko\s
(
"presbu=tis" fi/loinos, mequ/sh, oi)noka/xlh, koxw/nh.
kai\ ta\ loipa\ ta\
au)ta\ toi=s a)/rresin, oi(=on e)sxatogh/rws, baqugh/rws kai\ ta\ toiau=ta.
r(h/mata de\ tw=n proeirhme/nwn ku/ein, kui/+skesqai_e)pi\ tw=n
kuousw=n ga\r kai\ tou=to *pla/twn e)/tacen, ei)pw\n e)n *qeaith/tw|
(
kui+skome/nh kai\ ti/ktousa_, kuei=sqai, genna=sqai, ti/ktesqai.
ei)s e)fh/bous telei=n.
paideu/esqai, ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ pai/zein kai\
h( paidei/a kai\ to\ pai/deion ma/qhma para\ *pla/twni
(
vii 810 a
ta\ paigniw/dh para\ *cenofw=nti
(
para\ *pla/twni
(tou/tois a)\n prosh/koi
h(ba=n, h(ba/skein, ei)s meiraki/wn h(liki/an e)calla/ttein, a)kma/zein, sfri
ga=n, nea/zein, neanieu/esqai: *cenofw=n
(
skeu/esqai e)/fh.
to\ de\ tolma=n neanieu/esqai *)aristofa/nhs
(
e)/fh, a)f' ou(= *lusi/as
(
a)ndri/zesqai de\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ a)ndrizo/menoi *(uperei/dhs
(o(/qen a)ndrei/ws, kai\
a)ndrikw=s, w(s *pla/twn
(
ture)pa
riqmei=sqai tw=| katalo/gw|.
ei)=ta parhba=n, a)panqei=n, ei)s gh=ras
proxwrei=n, leukai/nesqai th\n tri/xa, poliou=sqai, ghra=n, ghra/
skein, kataghra/skein, a)sqenei=n, u(ponostei=n, parolisqa/nein, u(po
tre/mein, a)kratw=s e)/xein au(tou=, parh|wrh=sqai ta\ me/lh, lelu/sqai ta\
a)/rqra, paraghra=n, paranoei=n, a)llofronei=n, paralla/ttein, e)cesth
ke/nai, mai/nesqai, parafronei=n.
*ta\ de\ tw=n merw=n o)no/mata tri/xes, tri/xwsis, tri/xwma, ko/mh,
xai/th, la/xnh: xrhste/on ga/r e)sq' o(/te tw=| o)no/mati, ka)\n h)=| poih
tiko/n
(
e(/likes toi=s me/trois dedo/sqwsan.
gi/netai d' a)p' au)tw=n o)no/mata
eu)/qric, eu)/trixos, kalli/trixos, eu)qu/qric, kai\ a)po/trixes oi( a)/nhboi.
tetano/qric, ou)loka/rhnos, kai\ ou)lo/trixes par' *(hrodo/tw|
(
*)arxi/loxos
(e)n ga\r
toi=s *)attikoi=s lo/gois ou)x eu(=ron o)/noma dhlou=n to\ pa=n xwri\s
ei) mh/ tis lu/sas ei)/poi ou)/las ta\s tri/xas: ou)lo/komos me/ntoi ei)/rhtai
par' *)ale/cidi
(
ou)loke/falos.
ou)loki/kinne de\ *tele/silla
(
to\n
de\ toiou=ton straboloko/man *sofoklh=s
(moxqhra\
de\ a)/mfw ta\ o)no/mata.
a)po\ me/ntoi trixw=n trixi/ai i)xqu/es kai\ trixi/des, kai\ u(strixi\s h(
ma/stic, kai\ trixobrw=tes qhri/dia/ tina sino/mena ta\s tri/xas, kai\ tri/
xapton de\ ple/gma ti e)k trixw=n.
*filwni/dhs
(
"w)\ polutri/xou pw/gwnos" ei)/rhken.
fai/h d' a)/n tis eu)/komos, eu)ko/mhs,
baquko/mhs, canqoko/mhs, melagko/mhs, komh/ths, koma=n, e)pikoma=n,
eu)xai/ths, baquxai/ths, a)po\ de\ xai/ths kai\ to\ a)naxaiti/zein.
a)nasesur
me/nhn e)/xwn th\n ko/mhn, a)nafri/ttousan u(pe\r to\ me/twpon, tw=| me
tafre/nw| perirre/ousan, perikexume/nhn tw=| te/nonti, ou)k e)sfhkw
me/nhn, ou)k e)/ndeton, perisxizome/nhn tw=| metw/pw| h)\ tw=| metafre/nw|,
toi=s w)/mois prospai/zousan, e)chnemwme/nhn kata\ tw=n nw/twn h)\ e)pi\
tw=n nw/twn.
yilo\s th\n kefalh/n, a)peyilwme/nos ta\s tri/xas, a)posesulh
me/nos th\n xai/thn, a)/qric, a)/komos th\n kefalh/n, a)perika/luptos, th\n
e)k fu/sews ske/phn th=s korufh=s a)poballo/menos, to\ e)pi\ kefalh=s
xrh/simon peri/ttwma zhmiwqei/s, leioka/rhnos, a)pecurhme/nos,
oi(=on e)n xrw=| kouri/as, kata\ ta\ fullorroou=nta tw=n de/ndrwn
a)panqh/sas h)\ trixorruh/sas, falanti/as, a)nafalanti/as, falakro/s,
gumno\s tw=n trixw=n, yedno\s kaq' *(/omhron
(
me/rh de\ tw=n trixw=n plo/kamos, plokami/s, a)f' w(=n kai\ plo/
kamoi para\ toi=s poihtai=s ai( tou= kapnou= peristrofai/.
bo/struxos,
a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ diabebostruxwme/non par' *)arxilo/xw|
(
para\ *)anaci/la|
(kai\ eu)plo/kamos
kai\ eu)bo/struxos a)nh\r a(/ma kai\ gunh/.
*ferekra/ths
(
w)= canqota/tois botru/xoisi komw=n
e)/fh.
kiki/nnous de\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
(*krati=nos
(
u(p' i)sxno/thtos.
*ferekra/ths
(
ka/mous ploka/das kalei=.
ta\s me/ntoi sunestramme/nas meta\ r(u/pou
tri/xas h( kwmw|di/a
(kai\ mh\n
o)pisqoko/mai me\n *eu)boei=s, a)kroko/mai de\ *qra=|kes le/gontai.
koura=s de\ ei)/dh kh=pos te kai\ ska/fion, kai\ pro/kotta, kai\
peritro/xala.
th\n de\ pro/kotta/n fasin ei)=nai, o(/tan tis ta\ e)/mprosqen
koma=|, ta\ pro\ th=s kotti/dos: ou(/tw ga\r oi( *dwriei=s kalou=si th\n ke
falh/n.
oi( de\ ou)de\ koura\n oi)/ontai ei)=nai th\n pro/kottan, a)ll' au)ta\s
ta\s u(pe\r to\ me/twpon tri/xas.
e)/legon de\ kai\ pro\s fqei=ra kei/resqai
th\n pe/nqimon koura/n, w(s *eu)/boulos o( kwmiko/s
(
e)kalei=to de/ tis kai\ "*(ekto/reios ko/mh," peri\ h(=s fhsi\n *)anaci/las
(
th\n *(ekto/reion th\n e)fi/meron ko/mhn.
*ti/maios
(
e)/tre
fon de/ tines e)k plagi/ou ko/mhn h)\ kato/pin h)\ u(pe\r to\ me/twpon po
tamoi=s h)\ qeoi=s, kai\ w)noma/zeto ploxmo\s h)\ sko/llus h)\ seira\ trixw=n:
th\n ga\r kosu/mbhn ou)k a)\n prosoi/mhn, a)lla\ to\n *)attiko\n krwbu/lon.
e)kalei=to de/ ti kai\ phnh/kh, kai\ proko/mion prosqeto/n, ou) gunaici\
mo/non a)lla\ kai\ a)ndrw=n toi=s e)ndew=s ei)s ko/mhs lo/gon pra/ttousin.
to\ d' au)to\ kai\ e)/ntrixon w)no/mazon.
oi( de\ peri\ th\n ko/mhn xeiro
te/xnai kommwtai/, kai\ kommw/triai ai( gunai=kes.
oi( de\ kai\ keropla/stas
au)tou\s e)ka/lesan, ei) ke/ras h( ko/mh: o(\ kai\ *(/omhron
(*l
lou=n tine\s e)/fasan, ei)po/nta to\n *pa/rin "ke/rai a)glao/n"_o(/qen kai\
para\ *sofoklei=
(
kai\ ke/ras boo\s th\n tri/xa.
eu)qeth=sai de\ e)/legon ta\s tri/xas, kai\
u(po/speiran ei)=dos trixw=n ple/gmatos, w(/sper kai\ spei=ran.
ou) mh\n
ou)de\ h( tw=n koure/wn xeirotexni/a e)/cw th=s kefalh=s.
tou/tous de\
kai\ korswth=ras e)ka/loun.
w(=n ta\ e)rgalei=a kte/nes kai\ curo/n, ou(= th\n
qh/khn curodo/khn *)aristofa/nhs
(
maxairi/das, a(\s kai\ kouri/das w)no/mazon.
dia\ tou=to kai\ ko/rsas tine\s
(e)/legon
de/ ti oi( kwmw|doi\
(
tw=n kallwpizome/nwn: th\n de\ ma/xairan tau/thn kai\ yali/da keklh/kasin.
a)kare\s me/ntoi to\ smikro\n le/getai, o(\ dia\ th\n smikro/thta ou)k
e)/sti kei=rai: kai\ a)karh\s kairo/s, kai\ "plou=s a)kariai=os" o( braxu\s
para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(kei/rein, kei/resqai, koura/.
kai\ a)poke
karme/nos, w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
(kai\ kouria=n to\ koma=n, a)po\ tou= dei=sqai koura=s,
w(/sper kai\ kouriw=n o( au)xmw=n kai\ komw=n.
kai\ e)n xrw=| kouri/ai oi(
e)n xrwti\ kekarme/noi.
parako/mous de\ tou\s komw=ntas *)/amfis
(
`50 ko
kouriw=ntas, h)\ o(/stis tou\s *au)tomo/lous au)tou= dieskeu/asen.
kai\
au)xmei=n de\ th\n ko/mhn e)/legon, w(s *(/omhros
(w
au)xmei=s de\ kakw=s kai\ a)eike/a e(/ssai:
*fru/nixos
(to\n de\ toiou=
ton au)xmhro\n *cenofw=n
(
twn
(e)pi\ de\ tou= e)nanti/ou *(/omhros
(
ai)ei\ de\ liparoi\ kefala\s kai\ kala\ pro/swpa.
e)ktenisme/noi me\n ei)/rhken *)arxi/loxos
(
frg 39 ko
h(mei=s de/ g' e)kteni/zomen *tele/sippon oi( oi)ko/sitoi,
*)aristofa/nhs
(
lou/shsqe kai\ kteni/shsqe pro\s to\n h(/lion,
*sofoklh=s
(e)/legon de\ kai\ kefalh\n peri/
qeton, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
periqe/thn, kai\ pa/lin th\n peri/qeton ko/mhn.
kai\ diekteni/sqai ta\s
tri/xas, paralele/xqai de\ to\ ta\s peritta\s a)fh|rh=sqai: o(/qen kai\
para\ *ferekra/tei
(
ple/kein ta\s tri/xas to\ a)naple/kein, kai\ "parapeplegme/nh *)aqhna=" h(
a)napeplegme/nh.
kai\ e(yh/sasqai de\ th\n ko/mhn to\ kataxrw=sai
e)/legon
(
kai\ th\n ko/mhn h(yh/sato,
kai\ e(fqh\n th\n ko/mhn kai\ canqi/zesqai.
kai\ melai/nesqai th\n
ko/mhn, kai\ me/lasma to\ th=s ko/mhs ba/mma.
o( de\ *)apo/llwn a)keire
ko/mhs.
u(po/keitai de\ th=| ko/mh| kefalh/, kai\ de/rma e)lafro/n te kai\
kou=fon e)pite/tatai katakekenthme/non, w(s fhsi\n o( *pla/twn
(
`76 b
tw=| e)/ndoqen pneu/mati.
kai\ to\ me\n su/mpan o)stou=n kalei=tai kefalh=s
ku/tos, h(/rmostai de\ e)k sumbolw=n ai(\ kalou=ntai r(afai/, prio/nwn di/khn
w)dontwme/nwn kata\ ta\s probola/s te kai\ koilo/thtas ei)s a)llh/las
e)nhrmosme/nai.
w)no/mazon d' au)ta\s i)atrw=n pai=des stefani/tida/s te
kai\ labdoeidei=s kai\ lepidoeidei=s kai\ a)/lla toiau=ta o)no/mata, kai\
e)filonei/koun peri\ tou= plh/qous au)tw=n, ei)/te pe/nte xrh\ ta\s r(afa\s
a)riqmei=n ei)/te plei/ous ei)/te e)la/ttous, pa/ntwn me\n o(mologou/ntwn
e)la/ttous ei)=nai ta\s tw=n gunaikei/wn kefalw=n r(afa/s, *(hrodo/tou
(
de\ fa/skontos meta\ to\n e)n *plataiai=s fo/non e)n toi=s *persikoi=s
nekroi=s eu(reqh=nai kefalh\n mhdemi/an e)/xousan r(afh=s sumbolh/n.
le/gei de/ pou kai\ *)/aratos e)n toi=s *)iatrikoi=s
(
h)/dh ga/r pot' o)/pwpa karh/ata polla\ me\n au(/tws
messati/hs korufh=s mou/nh| suneerme/na r(ammh=|,
pollai\ d' a)rrafe/es kefalai\ pa/gen a)nqrw/poisin.
th\n me/ntoi kefalh\n oi( poihtai\
(
a)po\ th=s tou= mh/kwnos kefalh=s o)noma/santes.
kalei=tai de\ to\ me\n
su/mpan po/los kai\ krani/on, kai\ ko/gxos para\ *luko/froni
(
tupei\s skepa/rnw| ko/gxon eu)qh/ktw| me/son:
para\ de\ *)aristofa/nei
(
i(/na mh\ katagh=|s to\ ska/fion plhgei\s cu/lw|.
to\ d' e)/gkoilon au)tou= korufh/, o(/per e)n toi=s *)orfikoi=s me/trois
(
s f g hermkai\ mh\n kai\ stefa/nhn kalou=si
to\ me/son i)ni/ou te kai\ bre/gmatos.
to\ de\ u(pe\r to\ me/twpon bre/gma
kai\ brexmo/n, to\ de\ prou=xon u(p' au)tw=| me/twpon, ta\ de\ e(kate/rwqen
krota/fous, to\ de\ kato/pin i)ni/on, o(/ti a)p' au)tou= ai( i)=nes e)kpefu/kasin.
h( de\ teleutai/a tw=n trixw=n peri\ th=| kefalh=| peri/odos kai\ ste
fa/nh kai\ peri/dromos e)pi/klhn e)/xei.
to\ de\ u(po\ tai=s qrici\ pa=n krani/on.
tou\s de\ krota/fous e)/nioi kai\ ko/rras kalou=sin: kai\ tou=to ei)=nai to\
e)pi\ ko/rrhs pai/ein.
kai\ *(/omhron
(*d
summarturei=n, ei)po/nta
ko/rshn: h( d' e(te/roio dia\ krota/foio pe/rhsen.
kai\ ta\ me\n kefalh=s nosh/mata kefalai/a kai\ kefalalgi/a kai\
karhbari/a kai\ h(mikrani/a, h(mi/kraira kai\ i)/liggos kai\ skoto
dini/asis kai\ skotodini/a: *pla/twn
(
qhn kai\ i)liggi/asa." kai\ karhbariko\n poto\n h)\ brw=ma: to\ de\ tou=to
poiei=n karou=n *)antifw=n
(kefalalge\s siti/on, w(s
"to\n tou= foi/nikos e)gke/falo/n" fhsin o( *cenofw=n
(
kai\ karhbariko\n to\ pa/qos *thleklei/dhs
(
to\ de\ u(po\
me/qhs tou=to pa/sxein karhbara=n *)aristofa/nhs
(
ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ karadokei=n ei)/h a)\n a)po\ tou= ka/ra pepoihme/non,
kuri/ws e)pi\ tw=n parafero/ntwn th\n kefalh/n, w(s mh\ blhqei=en.
ei)rh/
kasi de\ oi( kwmikoi\ kai\
(
kai\
(
ta\ de\ a)po\ kefalh=s o)no/mata perikefalai/a, paregkefali/s,
e)gke/falos, kefa/laion, e)pikefalaiw=n, sugkefalaiw/sasqai, proskefa/
laion, kefali/dion.
e)pi\ kefalh\n w)=sai, e)pi\ kefalh\n speu/dein,
w(s *(uperei/dhs
(e(teregkefala=n, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(kra/nos de\ a)po\ krani/ou, w(/sper
dh\ kai\ e)pi/kranon, peri/kranon: peri/kranon de\ oi( palaioi\ to\
ste/mma e)ka/loun, kai\ poti/kranon to\ proskefa/laion oi( kwmikoi/
(
p 156. 10 kaibko/rus de\ a)po\ korufh=s kai\ korufai/a.
kai\ mh\n
o)noma/zoit' a)/n tis eu)ke/falos, h)\ o)cuke/falos, o(\n *(/omhron
(
kalei= foco/n, h)\ makroke/falos w(s to\ peri\ *libu/hn e)/qnos, h)\ kunoke/
falos w(s to\ zw=|on, h)\ eu)rume/twpos w(s *)alkibia/dhs: o( de\ toiou=tos
kai\ metwpi/as o)noma/zetai.
sxinoke/falon de\ *krati=nos
(
to\n *perikle/a ei)=pen.
*pla/twn
(
falon.
e)klh/qhsan de\ kai\ diko/rufoi/ tines, ou(\s kai\ makrobi/ous no
mi/zousin.
to\ de\ e)/ndon e)n th=| kefalh=| e)gke/falos diplou=s kata\ sumbolh/n,
eu)runo/menos kata\ th\n ba/sin th\n o)/pisqen, proneu/wn ei)s to\ pro/sqen.
perieilh/fasi d' au)to\n mh/nigges du/o, h( me\n e)/ndoqen e)ruqrote/ra, h(
de\ e)/cwqen sterewte/ra: kalou=ntai de\ kai\ ei)lami/des, o(/ti peri\ muelo\n
ei)lou=ntai.
u(po\ de\ th\n tou= e)gkefa/lou ba/sin h( paregkefali/s, muelo\s
e)gkefa/lw| proso/moios, plh\n o(/son e)sti\ ma=llon e)pi/canqos th\n xroia/n.
ka/teisi de\ ei)s to\n prw=ton sfo/ndulon, w(=| h( kefalh\ peristre/fetai,
kalei=tai de\ kai\ e)pikrani/s: kai\ a)p' au)th=s o( muelo\s e)/oiken ei)s tou\s
sfondu/lous e)pirrei=n, o(po/tan u(po\ tou= leptota/tou kai\ kaqarwta/tou
th=s trofh=s o(/ te e)gke/falos kai\ h( paregkefali\s tre/fhtai.
u(gro\s de/
e)stin o( tou= e)gkefa/lou muelo\s kai\ a)pagh/s, a)ll' ou)x w(/sper o( tw=n
a)/llwn zw/|wn sunesthkw/s.
to\ de\ u(pe\r th=| kefalh=| me/twpon kai\ metw/pion, a)f' ou(= kai\ e)n
i(/ppois to\ prometwpi/dion, kai\ to\ "metwphdo\n e)/tacan ta\s nau=s,"
kai\ kata\ me/twpon, kai\ a)ntimetw/pous, kai\ me/twpon th=s fa/laggos.
kalei=tai de\ kai\ to\ e)pi\ tou= metw/pou de/rma prometwpi/dion, ai( de\ e)n
au)tw=| grammai\ stoli/des kai\ a)marugai/.
to\ de\ u(po\ tw=| metw/pw| pro/swpon, o(\ mo/non e)pi\ tw=n a)nqrw/pwn
ou(/tw kalou=men: e)pi\ ga\r tw=n zw/|wn protomh/n, w(s e)pi\ tw=n o)rni/qwn
r(u/gxos kai\ r(a/mfos.
a)po\ de\ tou= prosw/pou o)no/mata eu)pro/swpos,
duspro/swpos, a)pro/swpos.
kai\ proswpei=on to\ mormolukei=on: to\ d'
au)to\ kai\ proswpi/s.
h( de\ ne/a kwmw|di/a
(
proswpopoio\n ei)/rhken o(\n h( a)rxai/a
(kai\
proswpou=tta de/ ti para\ toi=s *)attikoi=s w)noma/zeto xalkou=n a)ggei=on,
e)xi/nw| paraplh/sion, peri\ to\ sto/ma e)/xon pro/swpa leo/ntwn h)\ bow=n,
a)f' w(=n kai\ w)no/masto.
a)poproswpi/zesqai de\ to\ kaqai/rein to\ pro/swpon
*ferekra/ths ei)=pen
(
ou)d' a)poproswpi/zesqe kua/mois.
tou= de\ prosw/pou me/rh o)fru/es.
kai\ o)fru/wn gei=sa ai( pro
bolai/: kai\ "o)fru/sin a)pogeisw=sai/" fhsin o( *cenofw=n
(
i 4. 6kai\ o)fru/wn tri/xwsis.
kai\ o)fru/es e)pairo/menai kai\ da
suno/menai.
kai\ ta\s o)fru=s ai)/rwn o( u(perh/fanos, kai\ pa/lin ta\s
o)fru=s a)naspw=n h)\ ta\s o)fru=s ai)wrw=n h)\ ta\s o)fru=s a)ne/lkwn,
h)\ ta\s o)fru=s a)natei/nwn u(pe\r ta\ ne/fh: kai\ ta\s o)fru=s suna/gwn
o( frontisth/s, ta\s o)fru=s sune/lkwn.
meso/fruon de\ to\ tw=n o)fru/wn
me/son, o(\ kai\ metw/pion w)no/mazon.
kai\ su/nofrus a)nh\r kai\ gunh/:
to\n de\ toiou=ton mi/cofrun *krati=nos
(kai\ mh\n
para\ toi=s tragw|doi=s
(
tw=n lupoume/nwn.
o( de\ kwmiko\s *)ameiyi/as
(
o)frua/zein ei)/rhken, o(/per *(/omhros
(m
o)fru/as kalou=si ta\ a)ne/xonta th=s gh=s.
h)/dh de/ tines tw=n i)atrw=n
ti/lous w)no/masan tau/tas ta\s tri/xas.
kalou=ntai d' o)fru/wn kefalai\
me\n ta\ pro\s th=| r(ini\ me/rh, ou)rai\ de\ ta\ pro\s toi=s krota/fois.
o)fqalmoi/, o)/mmata, o)/yis.
kai\ ta\ a)p' au)tw=n o)no/mata eu)o/fqalmos
kai\ eu)ofqalmo/teros, w(s *cenofw=n
(
o)cuwph/s, o)cuwpi/as, o)cuderkh/s: o)cuderke/staton de\ *(hro/dotos
(a)mbluwpi/a, a)f' h(=s a)mbluwpo\s par' *eu)ripi/dh|
(
`1096 no)fqal
mi/a.
parablw/y, folko/s, dia/strofos, streblo/s: o( ga\r strabo\s i)diwti
ko/n, kai\ oi( stra/bwnes e)n th=| ne/a| kwmw|di/a|
(i)llo\s
de\ u(po\ tw=n poihtw=n
(
th=| kwmw|di/a|
(
to\ katable/pein e)pi\ xleuasmw=|, kai\ dendi/llein.
o(moi/ws to\ "tw\ o)fqalmw\
paraba/llein." le/getai de\ kai\ "taurhdo\n u(poble/pein:" kai\ a)nable/pein
me\n ei)s to\n ou)rano/n, katable/pein d' ei)s th\n gh=n, a)ntible/pein de\ tw=|
h(li/w| kai\ a)ntwpei=n.
duswpei=sqai de\ to\ u(popteu/ein ti i)do/nta.
kai\
u(pw/pia ta\ u(po\ tou\s w)=pas tw=n plhgw=n i)/xnh.
kalei=tai d' ou(/tw kai\
ta\ u(po\ tou\s o)fqalmou\s o)sta=, e)f' w(=n kai\ ta\ i)/xnh: tau=ta de\ kai\
u(pofqa/lmia par' e)ni/ois o)noma/zetai.
kai\ parwpi\s h( kaloume/nh
proswpi\s tw=n gunaikw=n, kai\ parw/pia ta\ para\ tou\s w)=pas tw=n i(/p
pwn problh/mata, a(/ tines kanqh/lia kalou=sin.
kai\ o)ph/, di' h(=s e)/stin
i)dei=n.
kai\ "e)nw/pia pamfano/wnta/" fhsin *(/omhros
(
tw=n qurw=n: para\ de\ toi=s tragw|doi=s
(
pia" ta\ pro\ tw=n qurw=n: kai\ a)nopai=a ta\ a)/nw, a)po\ tw=n w)pw=n.
kai\ *qoukudi/dhs
(
o)pai/an de\ oi(
*)attikoi\ th\n kerami/da e)ka/loun, h(\ th\n o)ph\n e)/xei.
*(ippokra/ths
(
menon kai\ a)ni/llwma to\ a)na/blemma.
oi( de\ kai\ i)/llous tou\s o)fqalmou\s
w)no/masan, kai\ to\ sillai/nein e)pi\ xleuasmw=| sei/ein tou\s o)fqalmou/s,
o(/qen kai\ to\ xleuastiko\n poi/hma si/llos.
e)/sti d' a)po\ tou/twn o(ra=n,
proora=n, u(fora=sqai, kaqora=n, o(rath/, o(rata/, a)o/rata, kai\ w(s *)an
tifw=n
(
iii 3. 66
para\ de\ *pla/twni kai\ a)no/raton e)n *timai/w|
(
parora=n, parewra=sqai, parewrakw/s, e)nora=n, e)newrakw/s, periora=n,
u(perora=n, e)fora=n, e)/foroi, kai\ "e)forwme/nous" kai\ "e)forw=ntas" w(s
*cenofw=n
(
`315 turkai\ qe/a kai\ qea=sqai kai\ qe/ama
kai\ qe/atron kai\ qeath\s kai\ sunqeath/s, kai\ qewro\s kai\ sunqewro/s,
sunqewri/a kai\ qewri/a kai\ qewriko\n kai\ ta\ toiau=ta, o(/s' a)\n a)po\
tou= qea=sqai le/ghtai: oi( ga\r *puqw=de qewroi\ kai\ qewrikh\ o(do\s kai\
qewri\s nau=s a)po\ tou= pro\s qeo\n o)rou/ein tou\s e)n au)th=| le/lektai.
a)po\ de\ th=s qe/as qeato/n, a)qe/aton, a)qea/tws, kai\ "ou)si/a qeath/" fhsin
o( *pla/twn
(
laia\ kwmw|di/a
(e)/sti d' e)k tou/twn kai\ to\ ble/pein,
ble/mma, a)na/blemma, para/blemma, a)po/blemma para\ *fruni/xw| tw=|
kwmikw=|
(*)aristofa/nhs de\ kai\ ble/pos pou
(u(poble/pein, para
ble/pein, e)mble/pein, katable/pein, a)nable/pein, a)ntible/pein, a)po
ble/pein.
*cenofw=n
(
i 35a)poblepo/menoi de\ kai\ a)poblefqh=nai.
kai\ peri/bleptos para\ *)isokra/tei
(
docos: kai\ a)poblefqh=nai e)pi\ tou= qaumasqh=nai *ai)sxi/nhs ei)=pen
o( *swkratiko/s
(
o)/yis h( ai)/sqhsis kai\ ta\ o)/mmata, kai\ o)/yis o( o)/neiros.
o)/yomai,
o)fqh/somai, w)=mmai w(s *)isai=os
(
de\ kai\ to\ o)yo/menon ei)=pe, kai\
(
moi=s, kai\
(ei)/h d' a)\n
e)k tou/twn u(poyi/a kai\ u(peroyi/a kai\ u(pero/yesqai, u(peroptiko/s,
u(peroptikw=s, u(po/ptws, u(pero/pths, au)to/pths, u(po/pths, kaqu/
poptos w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
(
a)nupopto/teros w(s *lusi/as
(
(ou(=tos de\
kai\
(
e)/poyin ei)/rhken, *(hro/dotos
(duswpou/
menos.
parw=ptai, paro/yontai, kai\ w(s *)isokra/ths
(
rio/ptous kai\
(
menos, kai\ au)to/pths, kai\ w(s *)andoki/dhs
(
su/nopta, kai\ w(s *)isai=os
(
nhs
(kai\ a)nepo/
pteuton *(uperei/dhs
(
`44 bach
*dhmosqe/nhs
(
de\ kato/ptas, *cenofw=n
(ei)/rhtai
de\ kai\ o)pth/ria ta\ dw=ra ta\ para\ tou= prw=ton i)do/ntos th\n nu/mfhn
numfi/ou dido/mena.
e)rei=s de\ kai\ a)mblu\ o(ra=n, o)cu\ ble/pein.
kai\ e)cwmmatw=sqai/
fhsin *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\
ble/mma eu)/tonon, e(sthko/s, sw=fron, u(giai=non, semno/n, a)ndrw=des, a)n
drei=on, a)rrenwpo/n, a)peilhtiko/n: kai\ ta)nanti/a ble/mma u(gro/n,
a)/nandron, qhluko/n, qh=lu, gunaikei=on, qhluprepe/s, a)xrei=on, a)na
tetramme/non.
*kthsi/as de/ pou/
(
ta\ leuka\ tw=n o)fqalmw=n to\n *sardana/pallon.
prosh/koi d' a)\n tou/tw| tw=| me/rei tuflo/s, tuflou/menos, peph
rwme/nos tou\s o)fqalmou/s: w(s e)pi\ to\ polu\ ga\r th\n ph/rwsin meta\
prosqh/khs tw=n o)fqalmw=n le/gousin, w(s a)/neu th=s prosqh/khs a)/dhlon
o)\n poi/ou me/rous h( ph/rwsis e)sti/n.
a)na/phros d' e)sti\n o( pa=n to\
sw=ma pephrwme/nos, w(s *)isai=os e)n tw=| kata\ *)aresai/xmou
(
"kate/lipen e)n tw=| xwri/w| ge/rontas kai\ a)naph/rous." *)antifw=n d'
e)n toi=s peri\ a)lhqei/as
(
d' e)n *plou/tw|
(ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ e)/m
phra tou/tois prosh/kei kai\ to\ a)/phra.
prosqete/on de\ tou/tois kai\ ta/de: glauko/s, glaukiw=n, xaropo/s.
melano/mmatos, muwpi/as, melano/fqalmos, e(tero/fqalmos: to\ ga\r
mono/fqalmos par' *(hrodo/tw|
(
e)xo/ntwn o)fqalmo/n, oi(=on *kuklw/pwn kai\ *)arimaspw=n.
r(hqei/h d' a)\n
tou\s o)fqalmou\s e)coru/ttein, sbennu/nai, kenou=n, koilai/nein, baqu/nein,
spara/ttein, e)k puqme/nwn a)naspa=n, a)ne/lkein.
kai\ o)fqalmo\s u(/faimos,
taraxw/dhs.
kuloidiw=n kai\ koilo/fqalmos kai\ koilofqalmiw=n o(
e)co/fqalmos kai\ e)pofqalmiw=|en oi(=on fqonoi=en.
kai\ e)pofqalmia=n
to\ e)piqumei=n tinos, kai\ w)fqalmi/ase to\ e)pequ/mhsen *(uperei/dhs
(
`258 blo( de\ *pla/twn
(
gointo d' a)\n o)fqalmoi\ la/mpontes, sti/lbontes, qumoeidei=s, purw/deis:
marmaruga\s a)fie/ntes, ai)/glhn, au)gh/n: h(dei=s, e)pagwgoi/, e)pe/rastoi.
kai\ to\ a)p' au)tw=n a)porre/on i(/meros.
to\ de\ luo/meno/n te kai\ katarre/on da/kruon, a)f' ou(= to\ da
kru=sai, a)podakru=sai, katadakru=sai, filo/dakrus, polu/dakrus, a)/da
krus, a)dakruti/, kai\ o( para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
a)ri/dakrus.
*)isokra/ths
(?
) de/ fhsin a)dakru/tous, kai\ *(/omhros
(d
"a)dakru/tw e)/xen o)/sse," dakrurroou=nta de\ *)/alecis
(
e)rei=s de\ kai\ klau=sai, a)naklau=sai, a)pe/klaien w(s *(hro/dotos
(
a)naklau/sasqai, klauqmuri/sasqai, klauqmurismo/s w(s *)isai=os
(
`163 tur
monh/.
a)/klautos de\ par' *(omh/rw|
(
`876dakru/wn, klai/wn, klauqmurizo/menos.
klausei=sqai de\ oi(
kwmikoi/
(kai\ klausia=n to\ klau=sai qe/lein,
klaih/sein de\ *dhmosqe/nhs
(para\ de\ *cenofw=nti
(
vii 2. 9
"dakruo/en gela/sasa."
no/shma d' o)fqalmw=n o)fqalmi/a kai\ "e)pita/racis o)mma/twn" para\
*pla/twni
(lhma=n kai\ glama=n.
nukta/lwy, kai\
a)/rgemos to\ kalou/menon leu/kwma, kai\ o( tou=t' e)/xwn a)/nqrwpos
e)pa/rgemos.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
e(/lkh le/gei, sknipo\n de\ to\n a)mudro\n ble/ponta *simwni/dhs o( i)ambo
poio/s
(
h)\ tuflo\s h)/ tis sknipo\s h)\ me/ga ble/pwn.
me/rh d' o)fqalmou= ble/fara me\n to\ e)pipetannu/menon de/rma
kai\ sugklei=on tou\s o)fqalmou/s, a(\ kai\ kalu/mmata kalei=tai.
w(=n ta\
u(pera/nw sku/nia, o(/qen kai\ e)pisku/nia ta\ peri\ ta\s o)fru=s gei=sa.
kai\
ku/la de\ kai\ a)na/kula kai\ e)pikuli/des, a)f' w(=n kai\ to\ kuloidia=n: oi( de\
ku/lon me\n to\ ka/twqen ble/faron, to\ d' a)/nwqen e)pikuli/da h)\ kuli/da.
ta\s d' e)pi\ tw=n blefa/rwn gramma/s, oi(=on r(uti/das, w)li/ggas oi( poihtai\
le/gousin.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n blefa/rwn to\ mu/sai kai\ e)pimu/sai kai\ kata
mu/sai, kai\ sumbalei=n ta\ ble/fara kai\ e)pibalei=n kai\ katabalei=n
kai\ prosbalei=n, kai\ klei=sai kai\ e)piklei=sai kai\ sugklei=sai.
kai\
skardamu/cai le/gousin, kai\ *cenofw=n
(
kai\ *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ sunelei=n ble/
faron to\ katanusta/sai.
memnh=sqai de\ xrh\ o(/ti *)aristote/lhs
(
anim i p 493 b 28
w(/sper ou)de\ po/sqhn ou)de\ gna/qon.
blefari/des d' ai( e)kpefukui=ai
tw=n blefa/rwn tri/xes, ou) ko/smos toi=s o)fqalmoi=s mo/non, a)lla\ kai\
kata\ xrei/an e)/xousai th\n probolh/n, w(s ta\ prospi/ptonta luphra\
a)poste/goien, kai\ ta\s o)/yeis %kateuqu/nousai mh\ e)w=|en plana=sqai%.
dia\
tou=to kai\ o( qeo\s i)xqu/si me\n ou)de\ blefa/rwn mete/dwken, o)/rnisi de\
blefa/rwn me/n, ou) me/ntoi kai\ blefari/dwn, i(/ppois de\ blefari/dwn
me/n, a)ll' ou)x e(kate/rwqen: ta\ ga\r ka/tw ble/fara yila\ au)toi=s tri
xw=n.
o(/qen kai\ *si/mwn
(
kwni proh/negken, o(/ti kai\ ta\s ka/tw blefari/das prose/grayen i(/ppou
grafh=|.
w(=n de\ merw=n ai( blefari/des e)kpefu/kasi, kalou=ntai e)/lutra
kai\ e)ntrixw/mata kai\ o)rxoi\ kai\ tarsoi/.
o)mma/twn de\ to\ me\n e)n me/sw| me/lan kalei=tai ko/rh, h(=s h(
au)gh\ glh/nh, kai\ o( periqe/wn au)th\n ku/klos grammh\ kukloterh\s kai\
i)=ris, to\ de\ meta\ th\n ko/rhn leuko\n a(/pan sfendo/nh kai\ loga/s.
ta\
me/rh de\ tw=n o)fqalmw=n xitw=nas e)ka/lesan oi( i)atroi/.
te/ttares d' ei)si\
to\n a)riqmo/n, kai\ tou/tois proshgori/as e)/qento, tw=| me\n e)cwta/tw
keratoeidei=, o(/s e)sti leuko/s, stereo/s, dusdiai/retos, neurw/dhs,
xondrw/dhs, paxu/s, diafanh/s, tw=| d' u(p' au)to\n deute/rw| r(agoeidei=,
o(/s e)sti dasu/s, ai(matw/dhs, xorioeidh/s, e)ktetrhme/nos, tw=| de\ tri/tw|
fakoeidei= kai\ krustalloeidei= kai\ u(aloeidei=, tw=| de\ teta/rtw| a)raxnoeidei=
kai\ a)mfiblhstroeidei=.
ta/ ge mh\n e)/gkoila tw=n o)fqalmw=n ko/gxoi
kalou=ntai, o( peri\ toi=s blefa/rois peri/dromos, w(/sper tw=n blefa/rwn
ta\ e(kate/rwqen a)/kra kanqoi/, w(=n ai( r(i/zai e)gkanqi/des.
kai\ oi( me\n pro\s
th=| r(ini\ r(anth=res kai\ phgai/, o(/ti kai\ a)p' au)tw=n to\ da/kruon e)/rxetai,
oi( d' u(po\ tou\s krota/fous parwpi/ai.
ta\ de\ peri\ th=| ko/rh| me/lana
pessoi/: o( d' u(po\ th\n i)=rin ku/klos, o( tw=| leukw=| prosiw/n, a(/lws.
to\
de\ katalh=gon tw=n loga/dwn pre/mnon kalei=tai.
h)|w\n de\ pa=sa h( tw=n
o)fqalmw=n perigrafh/.
r(i\s kai\ mukth\r kai\ mukth=res, kai\ para\ toi=s i)atroi=s r(w/qwnes:
para\ de\ *sofoklei=
(
o(/qen i)/sws kai\ e)n th=| koinh=| xrh/sei lu/xnoi di/mucoi, kai\ e)n th=| kwmw|di/a|
(a)nate/trhntai me/ntoi
oi( mukth=res du/o au)loi=s ei)s o(lkh\n pneu/matos, kai\ ei)s to\n e)gke/
falon a)nadidou=si toi=s au)loi=s: o(do\n d' ei)s th\n u(perw/|an e)/xousi,
kaq' h(\n truph/masin ei)srei= te kai\ e)krei= to\ pneu=ma.
r(ino\s de\ sxh/
mata grupo/s, e)pi/grupos, o(\n basiliko\n oi)/ontai, simo/s, o(\n eu)/xarin
nomi/zousin: *pla/twn
(
e)f' i(/ppou.
kai\ a)nasimh/nasqai le/gousi to\ o)sfraino/menon tw=| sxh/mati
th=s r(ino\s musa/casqai.
e)pi\ de\ tou= simou= fai/hs a)\n w(s e)/stin h( r(i\s e)k
me/swn koi/lh, w(/sper e)pi\ tou= grupou= r(i\s kampu/lh.
eu)qu/rris,
e)f' ou(= tis a)\n ei)/poi dikai/a r(i/s, eu)qutenh/s, e)c i)/sou to\ pro/sw
pon diakri/nousa: parape/mpei ga\r kai\ eu)qu/nei tou\s o)fqalmou\s th=|
kaq' e(auth\n a)noxh=|.
ai)/sqhsis d' e)sti\n o)sfrh/sews, kai\ a)e/ros ei)sroh/.
le/gois d' a)\n a)po\ r(ino\s eu)/rines, a)/rrines, kai\ r(inhlatei=n to\ ta\s
o)sma\s e(/lkein, kai\ r(inhla/thn ku/na h( tragw|di/a
(
kai\ kat' a)/llhn xrei/an o)sfra=sqai, ta\s o)sma\s u(pode/xesqai, e(/lkein ta\
a)pofero/mena pneu/mata th=| r(ini/, th=| eu)wdi/a| eu)frai/nesqai, th\n
duswdi/an e)ktre/pesqai, ta\ eu)w/dh ei)de/nai.
h( me\n ou)=n ai)/sqhsis
o)/sfrhsis kalei=tai, to\ de\ di' au)th=s o)sfra=sqai, o)sfrw/menos, o)smw/
menos.
kai\ o)smh\ pneu=ma au)/ra, o)/zei o)/dwden: *)aristofa/nhs
(
`1059pnei= eu)w=des, kai\ eu)/pnoun, kai\ eu)/pnoia,
eu)osmi/a, eu)/osmon, dusw=des, a)w=des, du/sosmon, dusosmi/a, duswdi/a,
kakosmi/a.
h( ga\r o)dmh\
(
tgf 341. 2
poihtika/, e)n de\ toi=s kataloga/dhn *)iwnika\ kai\ *ai)olika/: para\ mo/nw|
d' *)antifw=nti
(kai\
mh\n kai\ o)smuli/a i)xqu/wn ti ge/nos, h( u(po\ tw=n pollw=n o)/zaina kalou
me/nh: polu/podos d' e)sti\n ei)=dos, e)/xon metacu\ th=s kefalh=s kai\ tw=n
plektanw=n au)lo\n dusw=des pneu=ma a)fie/nta.
trapo/menon ei)s tou)=yon labei=n
o)smu/lia kai\ maini/dia kai\ shpi/dia
fhsi\n *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ me/ntoi xrh\ le/gein ei)skri/
netai kata\ ta\s r(i=nas to\ pneu=ma, ei)srei=, e)krei=, ei)sxei=tai, proxei=tai,
ei)spne/omen, e)kpne/omen, ei)s to\n a)e/ra a)napne/omen.
kai\ a)napnoh\
para\ *pla/twni
(
pnoh\ e)pi\ fush/matos ei)/rhtai h)\ a)ne/mou.
para\ de\ *cenofw=nti
(
i 10diakri/nomen de\ ta\ pneu/mata, doki
ma/zontes ta\s o)sma/s, kai\ pneu=ma ei)likrine/s.
kai\ oi)=nos a)nqosmi/as
kai\ eu)w/dhs.
eu)w=des de\ kai\ to\ e)c a)rwma/twn pneu=ma.
h( d' e)n toi=s
tra/gois duswdi/a w(/sper kai\ h( e)n tai=s masxa/lais, kina/bra kalei=tai.
kai\ gra/sos d' ei)/rhtai a)llaxou= te kai\ e)n *po/lesin *eu)po/lidos
(
nosh/mata de\ r(inw=n to\ me\n e)k yu/cews ko/ruza kai\ kata/rrous,
to\ de\ dusi/aton poulu/pous.
to\ r(eu=ma mu/ca kata\ *(ippokra/thn
(
ii 19, vii 34 lkai\ to\ tau/thn a)fai
rei=n a)pomu/ttein.
to\ d' a)pemu/tteto "u(/lize ta\s r(i=nas" e)/fh *krati=nos
(
to\ e)pi\ ke/rdei e)capata=n a)pomu/ttein ei)=pon.
mukthri/zein de\ *lusi/as
(
to\ dusxerai/nein.
gi/netai de\ dia\ mukth/rwn kai\ to\ r(e/gxein.
to\n d'
ei)/rwna e)/nioi
(
rismo\n th\n e)capa/thn *me/nandros
(
th=s de\ r(ino\s me/rh, ta\ me\n koilw/mata qala/mai, mukth=res, mucw
th=res, o)xeteu/mata.
au)th=s de\ th=s r(ino\s to\ me\n u(po\ ta\s o)fru=s h)qmo/s,
di' ou(= dihqei=tai to\ pneu=ma, to\ de\ me/son xo/ndros, ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen
e)pi\ ta\ mh=la neu/onta o)stw/dh r(ino\s r(a/xis.
to\ de\ ta\ truph/mata
diairou=n w(/sper teixi/on ki/wn kai\ dia/fragma kai\ stuli/s: e)/nioi de\ to\
me\n e)/ndon diateixi/zon dia/fragma r(ino/s, to\ d' u(pe\r au)to\ prou=xon
sarkw=des, w(s e)pi\ to\ xei=los fe/ron, ki/ona.
to\ d' a)krorri/nion o(/lon
sfairi/on: kai\ ta\ me\n e)/cwqen tou= sfairi/ou e(kate/rwqen a)ph=nai h)\ pte
ru/gia, ta\ d' e)/ndoqen mu/cai te kai\ qala/mai, to\ de\ e)/dafos au)tw=n
lhnoi/.
ai( d' u(po\ r(ini\ tri/xes mu/stac kai\ u(porri/nion, kai\ pro
pwgw/nion h( prw/th bla/sth: ai( de\ pro\s tw=| ka/tw xei/lei pa/ppos,
to\ d' e)c a)mfoi=n u(ph/nh.
kai\ mh\n e)pi/ ge ta\ w)=ta a)nio/ntwn, ai( me\n u(pe\r to\ me/twpon para\
tou\s krota/fous sa/rkes mu/es_oi( de\ kai\ ke/rata au)tou\s e)ka/lesan
_ta\ d' w)=ta kai\ a)koai/, to/ te me/ros kai\ to\ e)/rgon.
kai\ a)kou/ein,
katakou/ein, u(pakou/ein, parakou/ein.
u(ph/kooi, kath/kooi, eu)h/kooi,
dush/kooi, a)nh/kooi, o)cuh/kooi, baruh/kooi, au)th/kooi, a)cia/kouston,
a)nhkoustei=n, a)nh/kouston w(s *cenofw=n
(
hkousti/a, a)/kousma: *ai)sxi/nhs d' o( r(h/twr
(
ei)=pen, w(/sper kai\ *cenofw=n
(fau=lon d'
o( *mena/ndrou
(para\
de\ *pla/twni
(kai\ ei)sakou=sai.
kai\ "e)ph/koos
genou=" e)n eu)xh=| para\ tw=| kwmikw=| *fruni/xw|
(kwfo/s,
kwfo/ths.
kuye/lh de\ to\ e)mfra/tton th\n a)koh\n kai\ kuyeli/s: pefra/
xqai ta\ w)=ta, kai\ e)pilabei=n ta\ w)=ta, kai\ e)mpeplh=sqai th\n a)koh\n
to\ tai=n xeroi=n fragh=nai kai\ e)pisxei=n.
kai\ diateqru/lhke/ mou ta\ w)=ta.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n e)n gumnasi/ois plhgw=n ta\ w)=ta kateage/nai, kai\ w)toka/tacis.
w)toglufi\s d' ei)/rhtai para\ *pla/twni tw=| kwmikw=| e)n *summaxi/a|
(
sofos *pla/twn
(?
) a)mfwti/das le/gei: kai\ new\s d' e)pwti/des
o)noma/zontai kai\ a)mfwti/des.
e)nw/tia o( ko/smos o( e)n toi=s w)si/n:
ta\ d' au)ta\ kai\ e)llo/bia kai\ e(likth=res.
e)kalou=nto de/ tines w)=ta
kai\ o)fqalmoi\ basile/ws, oi( ta\ lego/mena diagge/llontes kai\ ta\ o(rw/
mena: a)po\ de\ tw=n w)/twn tou/twn to\ w)takoustei=n pepoi/htai.
*ai)sxi/nhs d' o( *swkratiko\s
(
w)=ta kaqeu/dein le/gei.
skolio\s d' o( th=s a)koh=s po/ros o( para
pe/mpwn th\n fwnh\n ei)s ta\ peri\ th\n yuxh/n.
meta\ de\ tou\s krota/fous
du/o o)stw=n ei)si\ plagi/wn sumbolai/, perieilhfo/twn ta\ w)=ta, o)noma/
zontai de\ zugw/mata kai\ karki/noi.
tw=n ge mh\n w)/twn h( me\n e)/cwqen
peribolh\ koxli/as, h( d' e)/ndoqen ska/fos.
kai\ to\ me\n e)pi\ tou\s krota/
fous e)pikline\s pteru/gion, to\ de\ ka/tw lobo/s, to\ d' e)/ndon kuye/lh,
a)f' h(=s o( r(u/pos kuyeli/s, to\ de\ koi=lon a)stako/s, to\ d' w(/sper
e)/dafos kro/twn.
tou= de\ koi/lou to\ me\n u(po\ to\ pe/ras tou= krota/fou
u(panesthko\s ei)s to\ e)/sw neu=on tra/gos, to\ d' a)ntikei/menon a)nti/tragos,
w(/sper kai\ tou= lobou= to\ me\n prou=xon prolo/bion, to\ de\ peri\ th=|
kuye/lh| te/ttic, to\ d' u(pe\r to\n te/ttiga traxuno/menon, o(/per e)sti\ th=s
a)/nw periferei/as pe/ras, a)ntilobi/s.
kai\ to\ me\n pro\s tw=| krota/fw|
tou= tra/gou a)ko/nh, h( de\ peri\ th=| kuye/lh| koilo/ths e)xini/skos, to\ de\
kata\ to\ tru/phma me/ros kama/ra, to\ d' e)nto\s ku/ar.
mh/kwn de\ to\
kata\ th\n r(i/zan u(po\ to\n lobo/n.
h( de\ pa=sa periagwgh\ tou= w)to\s
u(po\ to\ pteru/gion e(/lic, kai\ to\ a)nqesthko\s au)th=| a)nqe/lic, kai\ to\ u(p'
au)th=| ko/gxh.
tau=ta me\n dh\ i)atroi\ proseceu=ron ta\ o)no/mata: o( d'
*)aristote/lhs
(
numa w)/|eto plh\n lobou=.
r(ino\s d' e(kate/rwqen a)ne/sthken u(pe\r ta\s pareia\s ta\ kalou/
mena mh=la, h(/ e)stin u(pofqa/lmios froura\ tw=n o)fqalmw=n, w(s dia
teixi/zointo ei)s a)sfa/leian a)/nwqen me\n tai=s tw=n o)fru/wn probolai=s,
ka/twqen de\ tai=s tw=n mh/lwn a)noxai=s.
w)no/mastai de\ dia\ to\
a)nqei=n e)n w(/ra|.
pareiai\ de\ kai\ gna/qoi a)\n kaloi=nto.
kai\ o)/noma
me\n a)po\ tw=n pareiw=n o( eu)pa/reios kai\ h( kallipa/reios.
le/
gointo d' a)\n a)nqou=sai pareiai/, eu)anqei=s, e)ruqaino/menai, la/mpousai,
sti/lbousai, e)ruqriw=sai, u(pofai/nousai th\n th=s ai)dou=s xroia/n, w(s u(po
la/mpein au)tai=s to\ h)=qos, w(s e)mfai/nesqai th\n ai)dw=.
peri\ de\ tau/tais h( me\n prw/th trixw=n a)/nqh xnou=s, o(/qen kai\ to\
xnoa/zein para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
e(/rpein, kai\ pw/gwn, e)peida\n u(poplhsqh=|.
kai\ ge/neion de\ kata\
xrh=sin o)noma/zetai, o(/qen kai\ o( a)ge/neios, baquge/neios, eu)ge/neios,
madhge/neios, ei) mh\ tragikw/teron.
para\ de\ toi=s poihtai=s kai\
eu)pw/gwn tis ei)/rhtai, a)ll' e)/sti sfo/dra eu)tele/s.
para\ d' *)/iwni
tw=| tragikw=| e)n tw=| e)pigrafome/nw| *sunekdhmhtikw=|
(
foriazou/sais *)aristofa/nous
(kai\ pwgwni/as de/, kai\ pw/
gwnes ai( a)ki/des para\ toi=s poihtai=s, kai\ par' *(omh/rw|
(*w
glwxi=nes.
e)n de\ th=| tragw|di/a|
(
ei)s o)cu\ a)nadromh\ th=s flogo/s.
e(/poito d' a)\n tou/tois xei/lh, w(=n to\ me\n a)/nwqen kalou/
menon, to\ de\ ka/twqen w(/sper kai\ ai( u(p' au)ta\ ge/nues kai\ siago/nes,
w(=n h( me\n u(perkeime/nh pa=si toi=s zw/|ois plh\n krokodei/lwn a)ki/nhtos,
h( de\ u(pokeime/nh prosa/getai pro\s katergasi/an th=s trofh=s, h(\ mo/nois
krokodei/lois pe/phgen.
kai\ *(/omhros
(a
ta\ xei/lh kalei=, oi( de\ palaioi\ kwmikoi\
(
lu/nas.
a)po\ de\ xeilw=n ta\ me/tra, i)soxeilh= me\n ta\ e)pi/mesta,
kai\ e)pixeilh= ta\ e)ndea=, w(=n u(perai/rei to\ xei=los: e)pixeilh= de\ kai\
ta\ e)pipo/laia pra/gmata *)aristofa/nhs
(?
) ei)=pen.
*eu)/polis de\ kai\
new\s xei/lh ei)/rhken
(
%a)nwroqi/a h(% para\ ta\ xei/lh th=s new/s.
to\ de\ suna/gein ta\ xei/lh moimu/llein h( kwmw|di/a
(
kai\ moimulla=n fhsi/, to\ de\ diakinei=n ta\ xei/lh diamullai/nein: kai\
ga\r ta\ xei/lh mu/lla prosagoreu/ousin.
o)noma/zetai d' au)tw=n to\ me\n
peri\ o(/lw| tw=| sto/mati khmo/s, h( d' e)n tw=| a)/nw xei/lei koilo/ths fi/ltron,
h( de\ e)n tw=| ka/tw tu/pos h)\ nu/mfh.
kai\ to\ me\n prou=xon au)tw=n
proxeili/dia, h( d' ei)s a)/llhla tw=n xeilw=n sumbolh\ prosto/mion, ta\ d'
e(kate/rwqen au)tw=n e)pi\ ta\s gna/qous katalh/gonta xalinoi/.
oi( de\ o)do/ntes tai=s ge/nusin e)mpefu/kasi du/o kai\ tria/konta, e(k
kai/deka e(kate/ra| siago/ni e)ggegomfwme/noi.
w(=n oi( me\n me/soi te/ttares
kalou=ntai tomei=s kai\ gelasi=noi kai\ dixasth=res kai\ kte/nes, to\ me\n o(/ti
te/mnousi th\n trofh/n, to\ d' o(/ti gumnou=ntai gelw/ntwn, to\ d' o(/ti to\
prospeso\n diairou=si, to\ d' o(/ti ktei/nousin o(\ a)\n la/bwsin: oi( d' e(kate/
rwqen e)n e(kate/ra| th=| siago/ni du/o kuno/dontes dia\ th\n o)cu/thta, w(s
toi=s tw=n kunw=n proseiko/tes.
kai\ ou(=toi me\n mia=s r(i/zhs e)kpefu/
kasin, para/keintai de\ tou/tois e)chrthme/noi du/o r(izw=n oi( go/mfioi,
pe/nte e(kate/rwqen, w(=n to\ prou=xon mu/lai dia\ to\ leai/nein i)/sws th\n
trofh\n w(s h( sitourgo\s mu/lh: ei)si\ de\ pe/nte tw=n tome/wn e(kate/
rwqen, trisi\ r(i/zais e)ggegomfwme/noi.
meq' ou(\s teleutai=oi oi( swfro
nisth=res ei)si\n, e(kate/rwqen o)yi/gonoi met' ei)kosto\n e)/tos a)nafuo/menoi:
kranth=ras d' au)tou\s a)/lloi te kai\ *)aristote/lhs
(
p 501 24
a)nasxei=n.
e)n e(kate/ra| de\ th=| siago/ni tou\s i)/sous a)ntariqmhte/on.
tw=n me/ntoi mulw=n to\ me\n pro\s th=| sarki\ bwmi/skon kalou=sin, to\ de\
leai=non ta\ siti/a trape/zas, ta\s de\ koilo/thtas o(lmi/skous, to\ de\ sun
amfo/teron fa/tnas.
kai\ su/mpas me\n o( tw=n o)do/ntwn stoi=xos fragmo\s
o)noma/zetai, tou/tou de\ to\ u(po\ ta\s gna/qous gamfh=lai/ te kai\
siago/nes.
ai( de\ perieilhfui=ai sa/rkes tou\s o)do/ntas, ou)=la me\n ta\
e)/cwqen, e)/noula de\ ta\ e)/ndon: ai( de\ metacu\ tw=n o)do/ntwn a(rmogai\
a(rmoi/.
fhsi\ d' *)aristote/lhs
(
tou\s gunaikw=n para\ tou\s a)ndrw=n o)do/ntas, tou/twn de\ o(/soi me\n pu
knou\s e)/xousi kai\ sunexei=s, makrobi/ous ei)=nai, to\ d' e)nanti/on o(po/soi
a)raiou/s.
ei) de\ dei= ti kai\ parami=cai kai\ th=s glukei/as i(stori/as pro\s to\
th=s a)koh=s e)pagwgo/n, *pu/rron me/n fasi to\n *)hpeirw/thn tou\s o)do/ntas
ei)=nai/ oi( sumfuei=s, e(\n o)stou=n grammai=s e)pipolh=s ei)s o)do/ntwn sxh=ma
tetupwme/non, tau)to\n de\ tou=to kai\ *eu)rufuei= tw=| *kurhnai/w| sumpesei=n.
peri\ de\ th\n *)alka/qou kw/mhn e)n *ku/prw| *mh/stori tw=| *kupri/w| toiou=
ton bre/fos texqe\n e)kteqh=nai te/rws u(poyi/a|, ai)=ga d' au)tw=| masto\n
parasxei=n, kai\ klhqh=nai trafe\n to\ me\n prw=ton *ai)gino/man au)=qis
de\ *eu)rupto/lemon, kai\ basileu=sai *kupri/wn.
o( de\ *nikokle/ous tou=
*kupri/ou path/r, w(=| ta\s paraine/seis o( *)aqhnai=os sofisth\s e)/grayen,
to\ me\n o)/noma au)tw=| *ti/marxos h)=n, distoi/xous d' ei)=xen a)/ra tw=|
*)aristote/lous
(
*)/iwnos tou= *xi/ou
(
o)no/mata d' e)c o)do/ntwn "si/dhros w)dontwme/nos" o( pri/wn, kai\ o)donto
fuei=n ta\ bre/fh, kai\ to\ tw=n o)dontofuou/ntwn pa/qos o)dontofui/+a,
kai\ o)dontalgi/a.
kai\ ta\ i)atrw=n e)rgalei=a o)dontoce/sths kai\ o)donta/
gra.
o( de\ o)do/nta mh\ e)/xwn nwdo/s, w(s *eu)/boulos
(
le/gei kai\ *fru/nixos o( kwmiko/s
(
kalei= *ferekra/ths
(h( de\ o)do/ntas prou/xontas e)/xousa
proo/dwn kalei=tai.
prosh/koi d' a)\n tw=| sto/mati to\ xai/nein, xanei=n, kexhnw/s,
a)naxa/skein para\ *cenofw=nti
(?
) kai\ e)gxanei=n par' *)aristofa/nei
(e)k tou/tou de\ kai\ o( kata/gelws kata
xh/nh ei)/rhtai para\ toi=s kwmikoi=s
(
kai\ xa/nos de\ par' au)toi=s to\ sto/ma.
to\ me\n dh\ u(po\ toi=s xei/lesin e)k th=s ka/tw siago/nos prou=xon
o)cu/genu/s te kai\ ge/nus o)noma/zetai, kai\ to\ u(p' au)to\ sarkw=des
a)nqerew\n a)po\ tou= qrici\n a)nqei=n, kat' e)ni/ous de\ laukani/a, e(te/rwn
(
koi=lon.
to\ de\ e)/ndon tw=n xeilw=n sto/ma, w(/sper kai\ h( tw=n xeilw=n
tomh/.
u(po\ de\ e)ni/wn kai\ %logei=on% ke/klhtai kai\ ma/stac, o(\ kai\
*(/omhro/n
(d
xersi\ pi/ezen." kai\ me/ntoi kai\
(
ma/staki/ fasin ei)rh=sqai, i(/n' h)=| e)peida\n la/bh| tw=| sto/mati.
tou= de\
sto/matos to\ u(pera/nw ou)rano\s kai\ u(perw/|a, h(=| e)pite/tatai de/rma neu
rw=des, toi=s o)dou=sin e)/ndoqen prospefuko/s, w(/sper toi=s parisqmi/ois
qa/teron au)tou= me/ros.
i)sqmou= de\ dia\ steno/thta th=s fa/ruggos klh
qei/shs, ta\ e(kate/rwqen ei)ko/tws pari/sqmia h)/kouen, kalou=ntai de\ kai\
a)ntia/des e)k tou= to/pou.
to\ de\ e)ndota/tw kathrthme/non a)po\ th=s
u(perw/|as ki/wn kai\ kioni/s, peri\ o(\ sxi/zetai to\ a)qro/on tou= potou= te
kai\ th=s trofh=s, w(s mh\ katapnigoi/meqa tw=| dayilei= th=s e)pirroh=s.
u(p' e)ni/wn de\ tou=to kai\ xo/ndros e)klh/qh kai\ gargarew/n_
u(perh/rthtai de\ stoma/xou te kai\ bro/gxou_kai\ h)\n nosh/sasa fle
gmh/nh h)\ kai\ ei)s w)xro/thta u(potraph=|, stafulh\ kalei=tai h)\ kai\
w(s *)aristote/lhs
(to\ de\
met' au)th\n po/los.
pa=n de\ to\ stoma/xou kai\ bro/gxou u(perkei/menon
fa/rugc kai\ faru/getron o)noma/zetai.
ta\ de\ e)k tou= sto/matos o)no/mata eu)/stomos i(/ppos kai\ au)lo\s
kai\ a)=|sma, kai\ a)/stomos i(/ppos kai\ au)lo\s o( a)/glwttos.
kai\ a)hdo/nes
para\ *sofoklei=
(ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ lime/nos
sto/ma, kai\ a)/stomon kai\ eu)/stomon lime/na.
*(/omhros
(*k
pole/mou ke/klhke sto/ma.
e)/sti de\ kai\ stomw=sai lime/na te kai\ si/dhron:
*)aristofa/nhs
(
sasqai.
sto/min de\ i(/ppon *ai)sxu/los
(
sto/mion de\ kai\ xalinou= ti me/ros, kai\ u(posto/mion: *kalli/as de\ o(
kwmiko\s
(pro/stomon de\
ci/fos ei)/rhtai to\ e)stomwme/non kai\ tomo/n: to\ de\ malako\n kai\ a)/sto
mon a)pro/stomon, w(s *ma/gnhs o( kwmiko/s
(stomw/dh
de\ ta\ eu)/stoma kai\ eu)/fhma *sofoklh=s
(
to\n stwmu/lon kai\ la/lon *ferekra/ths
(
mu/los d' au)to\s kai\ h( stwmuli/a e)k tou= sto/matos parh=ktai.
ei)/rhke de/
pou *pla/twn
(kalei=tai de\ kai\ to\
e)n sto/mati no/shma stomalgi/a, kai\ h( fluari/a ou(/tws a)\n kaloi=to kai\ e)pistomi/sai to\ e)pisxei=n
le/gonta.
kai\ xalko/stomon para\ toi=s poihtai=s to\ xalko/prwron h)\
xalke/mbolon.
kai\ a)nastomw=sai ta\s ta/frous fhsi\n *(hro/dotos
(?
)
kai\ *kalli/as o( kwmiko/s
(
traulh\ me/n e)stin, a)ll' a)nestomwme/nh.
a)postomati/zesqai de\ tou\s pai=das *pla/twn pou
(
le/gei, oi(=on u(po\ tw=n didaska/lwn e)perwta=sqai ta\ maqh/mata w(s
a)po\ sto/matos le/gein.
le/getai de/ ti kai\ a)po\ sto/matos ei)pei=n e)pi\
tou= a)gra/fou lo/gou.
kai\ "e)c e(no\s sto/matos" *pla/twn pou
(
ii 364 a
kai\ mh\n to\ me\n a)porre/on tou= sto/matos ptu/sma kai\ ptu/alon
kai\ si/alon, ta\ de\ a)p' au)tou= o)no/mata ptu/ein, a)poptu/ein, kata
ptu/ein: kata/ptuston, a)po/ptuston: *)anakre/wn
(
kataptu/sthn ei)/rhken.
a)rrwsth/mata de\ tw=n e)nto\s sto/matos bh\c
kai\ lu\gc kai\ bra/gxos kai\ bragxa=n kai\ e(/lkwsis kai\ flegmonh\ kai\
kuna/gxh kai\ suna/gxh.
kai\ mh\n kai\ glw=tta, to\ ka/lliston tw=n e)n tw=| prosw/pw|
merw=n, u(po\ to\ tw=n o)do/ntwn e(/rkos kai\ protei/xisma kaqidrume/nh,
lo/gou te phgh\ kai\ xorhgo\s kai\ geu/sews gnw/mwn, diakri/nousa tw=n
xumw=n e(/kaston, th=| me\n u(gro/thti th=s e)/ndon e)pistrofh=s ta\s fwna\s
tupou=sa, th=| d' a)naneu/sei ta\s trofa\s parape/mpousa, kalei=tai me\n
u(p' e)ni/wn geu=sis kai\ plh=ktron, to\ me\n a)po\ tou= e)/rgou, to\ d' o(/ti
plh/ttousa to\n a)e/ra to\n lo/gon e)rga/zetai, ple/gma d' e)sti\n e)c
u(me/nwn kai\ flebw=n sarkw=des a)raia/ te kai\ eu)e/liktos, ka/twqen me\n
lei/a kata\ tou)/dafos tou= sto/matos, a)/nwqen de\ traxei=a kata\ to\
pro\s th\n u(perw/|an me/ros, o)cei=a de\ kaqo\ summi/sgei tw=| a)e/ri.
kai\
tou=to me\n kalei=tai proglwssi/s, h( de\ sa\rc h(=s e)kde/detai pro\s th\n
ka/tw siago/na sunaptome/nh e)pi/klhn u(poglwssi/s e)stin.
e)ci/sxousa
de\ e)/ndoqen e)k th=s tou= sto/matos koilo/thtos h( glw=tta kai\ fleyi\
sundedeme/nh kata\ th\n e)/ndon r(i/zan e)/xei sa/rka paraplhsi/an, ou) me
ga/lhn, e)oikui=an kittou= peta/lw|, th\n me\n platu/thta pro\s th=| glw/tth|
e)/xousan, th\n d' o)cu/thta pro\s to\ ei)/sw tou= sto/matos me/ros e)pestram
me/nhn, kai\ th\n o(do\n th=s trofh=s e)pifra/ttousan, w(s mh\ a)qro/a kata
fe/roito peri\ touti\ to\ fra/gma koptome/nh.
kalei=tai de/ ge e)pi
glwssi\s h(/de h( sa/rc.
tw=| de\ o)nomazome/nw| bro/gxw| kai\ stoma/xou
toi=s prw/tois a)/krois h( glw=tta prosfuh/s e)stin, e)k tw=n e)gkefa/lou
mhni/ggwn kathrthme/nh.
kai\ to\ ple/on th=s ei)s th\n geu=sin ai)sqh/sews
e)/xei kata\ to\ pro\s th=| fa/ruggi me/ros, o(\ geu=sin kai\ kefali/nhn ka
lou=sin, w(/sper ta\s e(kate/rwqen th=s glw/tths koilo/thtas xhramou/s:
oi( de\ para/seira prosagoreu/ousin.
e)/rga me\n ou)=n glw/tths geu=sis kai\ fwnh\ kai\ lo/gos, o)no/mata
de\ a)po\ me\n glw/tths eu)/glwttos kai\ eu)glwtti/a, qrasuglwtti/a kai\
glwssalgi/a, kai\ di/glwttos, polu/glwttos, a)llo/glwssos, o(mo/glws
sos w(s *cenofw=n
(kai\ u(poglwtti\s stefa/nou ti
ei)=dos, kai\ e)gglwttoga/stores para\ toi=s kwmikoi=s
(
oi( a)po\ th=s glw/tths biou=ntes.
kai\ au)lou= glw=tta, kai\ glwttokomei=on
to\ ta\s glw/ttas u(podexo/menon a)ggei=on, kai\ glwttopoio\s o( texni/ths,
kai\ au)lo\s a)/glwttos: *)aristofa/nhs
(
to\n ei)pei=n a)du/naton e)/fh, *sofoklh=s de\
(
to\n ba/rbaron.
a)glwtti/an de\ *)antifw=n
(
u(pomo/xqhros de\ o( a)quro/glwssos par' *eu)ripi/dh|
(oi(
de\ kwmikoi\
(
kataglwttismo/s: kai\ e)piglwttwme/nw oi(=on loidoroume/nw, kai\ pali/g
glwsson to\n du/sfhmon, kai\
(
somai" h)/goun ou) loidorh/somai.
glw/ttas de\ ta\s tw=n u(podh
ma/twn e)/legon, w(s *ai)sxi/nhs o( *swkratiko/s.
a)lla\ kai\ ta\s
poihtika\s fwna\s glw/ttas e)ka/loun, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
pro\s tau/tas d' au)= le/con *(omh/rou glw/ttas, ti/ %kalei=tai% ko/
rumba.
kai\ glw/sshs xarakth=ras w(s *(hro/dotos
(
*(ella/da h)\ ba/rbaron, *persi/da h)\ *)atqi/da, kai\ kaq' e(/kaston e)/qnos
kai\ po/lin.
kai\ a)po\ glw/tths ei)pei=n to\ a)po\ mnh/mhs kai\ mh\ ta\
gegramme/na.
to\ de\ e)pigino/menon th=| glw/tth| e(lku/drion o)lo
flukti\s kalei=tai e)n toi=s *titano/pasi toi=s *murti/lou
(
a)po\ de\ geu/sews geu/sasqai, a)/geustos, geu=ma, geusth/rion.
kri/nein
xumou\s o)cei=s, drimei=s, o)dachtikou/s, pikrou/s, a(lmurou/s, a(lukou/s_
*pla/twn ga\r kai\ tw=| a(lukw=| o)no/mati e)n *timai/w|
(
dusxerei=s, a)hdei=s, glukei=s, h(dei=s, eu)menei=s, e)klussw=ntas.
a)po\ de\
fwnh=s fw/nhma, eu)/fwnos, a)/fwnos, e)/mfwnos: *fi/listos
(
i 62fw/nhsis, e)pifw/nhsis.
smikro/fwnos,
megalo/fwnos, lampro/fwnos kai\ w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
profwno/tatos, du/sfwnos, i)sxno/fwnos, polu/fwnos, h(du/fwnos, xalko/
fwnos, barbaro/fwnos, baru/fwnos, o(mo/fwnos, gunaiko/fwnos
w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ kallifw/nous u(pokrita/s, kai\ strhno/fwnos para\ *kalli/a| tw=| kw
mikw=|
(kai\ ta\ pra/gmata eu)fwni/a, a)fwni/a, smikro
fwni/a, megalofwni/a, lamprofwni/a, polufwni/a, h(dufwni/a,
dusfwni/a, kallifwni/a: a)po\ ga\r tw=n a)/llwn ou)k e)/stin ei)pei=n ta\
pra/gmata, plh\n th\n barufwni/an par' *)ale/cidi
(
w(/sper kai\ qrasufwni/an to\ me\n pra=gma ei)/pois a)/n, ou)k o)\n th=s
*pla/twnos
(
qrasu/fwnos bi/aion.
kai\ glukufwni/an a)\n fai/hs, ou)k a)\n kai\ gluku/
fwnon proseipw/n, kai\ cenofwni/an, to\n ceno/fwnon parei/s, kai\
sumfwni/an: o( de\ su/mfwnos pa/nu eu)tele/s.
kai\ th\n diafwni/an
e)rei=s, ou) mh\n kai\ to\ dia/fwnon.
ta\ de\ e)pirrh/mata eu)fw/nws
o(mofw/nws, a)fw/nws, smikrofw/nws, megalofw/nws, h(dufw/nws: ta\
ga\r a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn ou) lei=a pro\s th\n a)koh/n.
para\ de\ *pla/twni
(
ei)/pois d' a)\n fwnh\n u(yhlh/n, u(pe/rogkon, lampra/n, platei=an, barei=an, leukh/n, e)kkekaqarme/nhn, h(dei=an, e)pagwgo/n, eu)melh=, eu)peiqh=,
eu)a/gwgon, eu)kamph=, eu)e/likton, glukei=an, ligura/n, safh=, diafanh=,
me/lainan, faia/n, smikra/n, stenh/n, dush/koon, a)safh=, sugkexu
me/nhn, e)kmelh=, a)melh=, a)na/gwgon, a)peiqh=, duskamph=, traxei=an, die
spasme/nhn, a)hdh=, luphra/n, bragxw/dh, xalki/zousan, o)cei=an.
kai\
fqe/gma de\ o(moi/ws kata\ th\n u(fh/ghsin tw=n proeirhme/nwn, kai\
fqe/gcasqai, fqoggh\ kai\ fqo/ggos, eu)/fqoggos, a)/fqoggos.
pros
fqegkth/ria pro\ ga/mwn e(orth/.
kai\ pro/fqegcis.
kai\ trugerou\s
ta\ fqe/gmata, w(s e)/fh *polu/zhlos o( kwmiko/s
(
ou) trugerou\s ta\ fqe/gmat' ou)de\ glu/cidas." a)po\ de\ lo/gou o)no/
mata le/gein, katale/gein, kata/logos, u(po/logos, e)pi/logos, dia/logos.
a)po/logos *)alki/nou e)pi\ tw=n makrw=n r(h/sewn.
"a)na/logon ta\ fuo/
mena fu/esqai" *pla/twn e)n tw=| peri\ yuxh=s
(
*timai/w|
(
dhs
(kai\
paralogi/sasqai, kai\ ta\ a)mfi/loga logi/sasqai, a)ntilogi/sasqai, logistai/,
logisth/rion, a)logi/stws, a)lo/giston.
a)ntilogi/a, a)pologi/a, a)pologh/
sasqai: *)antifw=n
(eu)/logon, eu)lo/
gws kai\ w(s *)isokra/ths
(
sasqai, eu)logi/a, kakologi/a w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
logei= w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
*cenofw=n
(kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
kai\ a)diano/hta.
kai\ w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
gismo/s, kai\ a)nalogi/zetai w(s *pla/twn
(o( d'
au)to\s
(
a)nti/lektos." kai\ a)lo/gws, kai\ a)ciologw/tatos.
*)antifw=n
(
de\ a)partilogi/a, w(/sper kai\ *(hro/dotos
(ou(=tos
(
kai\ e)palillo/ghse, kenologh/sw de\ *eu)/polis
(
mh\ makrologw=" *(uperei/dhs
(o(mologi/a
kai\ o(mologei=n kai\ o(mologh/mata w(s *pla/twn
(
kai\ o(mo/logon.
filo/logos, polulo/gos, miso/logos, filologi/a,
braxulogi/a, bradulogi/a, polulogi/a, misologi/a, koufologi/a,
u(yhlologi/a, yeudologi/a para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
makrhgori/a.
logopoio/s, logopoii/a, logopoiou=sin.
a)pelogi/zeto.
mu
qologi/a, diamuqologou=ntes.
logografi/a, logogra/fos, logografikh\
w(s o( *pla/twn
(genealogi/a, genealogei=n.
a)namfilo/gws
para\ *cenofw=nti
(para\ de\ *kriti/a|
(
kai\ logeu\s o( r(h/twr.
oi( de\ "*persw=n lo/gioi" par' *(hrodo/tw|
(
kai\
(kai\ para\ *fai/dwni loga/ria kai\ logo
poih/mata, para\ de\ *qeopo/mpw| tw=| kwmikw=|
(
le/cis, dia/lecis, dia/logos, dia/lektos, diale/gesqai, dialektiko\s kai\
dialektikw=s.
kai\ lektiko\s para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
kw/tatos para\ *cenofw=nti
(h( de\ kwmw|di/a
(
ran 876
kai\
(prosdialego/menos, prosdia
le/gesqai.
pro/logos, prologei=n.
logistiko\s, logistikw=s.
logo
mu/qion.
kakolo/gos, kakh/goros, kai\ w(s *)antifw=n
(
h(dulo/gos kai\ metriolo/gos.
metewrolo/gos de\ *pla/twn
(
`401 b saepmikrolo/gon de\
*(uperei/dhs
(
(kai\ tapeinologi/a de\ kai\ oi)ktrologi/a
kai\ e)leeinologi/a
(
tou/tois prosh/kei.
mikrologei=sqai de\ ei)/rhken *eu)/polis
(
kai\ mikrologh/swmen *krati=nos
(
dotos
(kai\ dekathlo/gous de\ kai\ penthkostolo/gous *dh
mosqe/nhs
(*(uperei/dhs
(
legme/nos" e)pi\ a)frodisi/wn: *)aristofa/nhs
(
casqai e)/fh.
kakhgorei=n, kakologei=n.
le/getai de\ kai\ logo
dai/dalos, e)llo/gimos.
*(/ermippos de\ o( kwmiko\s
(
perile/gein ei)/rhke to\ perie/rxesqai tw=| lo/gw| kai\ oi(=on perissa\
le/gein.
kai\ to\ lalei=n de\ kai\ o( la/los kai\ lali/steros, kai\ h(
lalia/, kai\ to\ katalalei=n para\ *)aristofa/nei
(
h( la/lhsis
(
`838 cf i frg 667 ko
tw=n de\ th=s glw/tths e)/rgwn ta\ o)no/mata boh/, boa=n, e)kboa=n,
paraboa=n, kataboa=n, e)piboa=n.
e)pibo/htos, peribo/htos.
peri
boh/tws w(s *ai)sxi/nhs
(
`85. 2, 87. 3megalh/goros de\ para\ *cenofw=nti
(
vii 1. 17kai\ sunh/goros,
sunhgorei=n, sunhgori/a, sunagoreu/ein.
proh/goros, prohgorei=n,
proagoreu/ein, proago/reusis, a)nago/reusis.
kai\ dhmhgo/ros, dhmh
gorei=n, dhmhgori/a.
i)shgori/a, kakhgori/a, kakh/goros, kakhgori/
steros para\ *ferekra/tei
(
*)ekfanti/dh|
(prosh/goros, eu)prosh/goros, a)prosh/
goros, dusprosh/goros, prosago/reusis, prosagoreu=sai, proshgo
ri/a.
a)peipei=n, a)pagoreu=sai: *)isai=os
(
e)/fh oi(=on a)polelalhkw/s, *pla/twn
(
a)pago/reusin kai\
(
rhqe\n" de\ "au)tw=|" *dhmosqe/nhs
(
"u(po\ de\ ge/nous a)porrhqh=nai panto/s" *pla/twn
(
a)pokhruxqh=nai.
e)k de\ tw=n au)tw=n e)sti\n ei)pei=n, ei)pw/n, a)peipei=n,
a)peipw/n: e)paneipw\n a)rgu/rion, oi(=on e)pikhru/cas.
kai\ r(hto/n ti kai\
a)po/rrhton, kai\ r(h=sis kai\ a)po/rrhsis kai\ a)na/rrhsis kai\ dia/rrhsis
kai\ pro/rrhsis, kai\ a)rrhsi/a h( siwph\ para\ *nikofw=nti
(
kai\ r(h=ma kai\ pro/srhma, kai\ pro/srhsis, kai\ r(h/twr, kai\ eu)rh/mwn
kai\ kakorrh/mwn kai\ a)rrh/mwn, kai\ e)pi/rrhtos, kai\ megalor
rhmosu/nh kai\ eu)rhmosu/nh kai\ eu)qurrhmosu/nh.
kai\ w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(a)peipei=n, suneipei=n.
diarrh/dhn,
diafa/dhn.
fh=sai, sumfh=sai, a)pofh=sai.
kai\ fa/sis: a)po/fasis
de\ e)pi\ diaithtou=, h(\n kai\ gnw=sin kalei= *dhmosqe/nhs
(
kai\ a)nti/fh|s *pla/twn
(
(*h
kefalh=| ge mh\n u(po/keitai tra/xhlos.
kalei=tai de\ kai\ au)xh\n
kai\ deirh/, o(/qen kai\ u(poderi\s to\ e)n toi=s pro/sqen tou= traxh/lou teleu
tai=on.
e)fe/sthke de\ sfondu/lois e(pta\ o( tra/xhlos, ou(\s *(/omhros
(k
to\n e)n au)toi=s.
o)noma/zontai de\ oi( sfo/nduloi kai\ strofei=s para\
th\n e)p' au)toi=s tou= traxh/lou strofh/n, kai\ stro/figges para\ *fere
kra/tei
(katatei/nousi de\ dia\ r(a/xews, to\n muelo\n
e)c e)gkefa/lou diafe/rontes, o(\s mh/nigci/ te fra/ttetai kai\ neu/rois para
pe/mpetai.
to\ de\ pa=n au)tw=n su/sthma kalei=tai gu/hs.
tw=n de\ sfondu/
lwn o( me\n prw=tos, o( su\n tw=| traxh/lw| strefo/menos, e)pistrofeu\s
o)noma/zetai: *(ippokra/ths
(
kalei=n.
toi=s de\ plagi/ois au)tou= du/o koilo/thtes mi/a e(kate/rwqen
e)/neisin, ei)s a(\s e)ni/zousi u(po\ th\n paregkefali/da prou/xousai pro
bolai\ du/o, kefalh=s korw=nai kalou/menai.
tw=n de\ sfondu/lwn o(
deu/teros a)ki/nhtos w)\n a)/cwn o)noma/zetai, probola\s de\ e)/xei du/o, mi/an
e(kate/rwqen, th\n me\n tw=| prw/tw| th\n de\ tw=| tri/tw| tw=n sfondu/lwn
e)nhrmosme/nas: kalou=ntai de\ ka/toxoi.
paraplhsi/wn d' o)/ntwn tw=n
e)pi\ tou/tois tetta/rwn o( teleutai=os w(s a)xqoforw=n a)/tlas o)noma/zetai.
tou/tw| de\ u(phrei/sqhsan w)mopla/tai, katalh/gousai me\n ei)s ta\s a)krw
mi/as, u(perei/dousai de\ ta\s klei=das, w(=n to\ me/n ti me/ros toi=s sfondu/
lois u(po\ neu/rou tino\s prosh/rthtai, to\ de\ u(po\ to\ ste/rnon ei)s to\n
tra/xhlon pau/etai kai\ kataklei\s o)noma/zetai.
ta\s d' w)mopla/tas ei)si\n
oi(\ kai\ e)pinwti/ous kai\ pla/tas e)ka/lesan.
kleidw=n de\ to\ me\n pro\s
w)mopla/tais e)pwmi/s, to\ de\ pro\s traxh/lw| parasfagi/s, o(/ti to\ koi=lon,
h(=| diesta=sin ai( klei=des, kalei=tai sfagh/, u(p' e)ni/wn de\ kai\ qumo/s.
u(pokeime/nhs de\ kata\ th\n koilo/thta tw=| traxh/lw| th=s fa/ruggos
e)/ndoqen, to\ e)/cwqen u(po\ ta\s o)rga\s u(po\ tou= fusa=sqai pimpra/menon
kai\ a)noidai=non prhsth\r o)noma/zetai, to\ de\ e)n me/sw| prhsth/rwn te
kai\ fa/ruggos a)gkth/r.
a)f' ou(= to\ me/xri genu/wn parwti/des, w(=n to\
me/xri kleidw=n me/ros te/rqron, h( de\ o)/pisqen kata\ to\n strofe/a sfo/ndu
lon koilo/ths e)pisfagi\s prosei/rhtai: kai\ tau/thn perie/xousi te/
nontes.
to\ de\ me/xri te/rqrwn ku/rtwma paralofi/a, dio/ti lofia\n th\n
kata\ nw=ton probolh\n kalou=sin.
h( me/ntoi su/mpasa tou= au)xe/nos
periagwgh\ peri/deiron o)noma/zetai.
o)no/mata de\ e)k me\n traxh/lou to\
e)ktraxhli/sai kai\ ei)s tra/xhlon w)=sai, e)k de\ au)xe/nos u(yau/xhn kai\
u(yauxenei=n.
kai\ mesau/xenas tou\s a)skou\s *)aristofa/nhs
(
ke/klhken.
busau/xhn de\ e)kalei=to o( tou\s me\n w)/mous a)ne/lkwn
to\n de\ au)xe/na sune/lkwn, o(\n e)pi/boulon *)aristote/lhs fusiognwmonei=
(
u(potraxh/lion me\n ou)=n kalou=si to\ u(po\ tou\s au)xe/nas, metacu\
w)moplatw=n katalh=gon e)pi\ to\ meta/frenon, meta/frenon de\ to\ u(p'
au)to\ me/xri me/sou nw/tou, kata\ to\ tw=n frenw=n dia/zwma.
u(porraxi\s
de/ e)stin h( me/xris o)sfu/os koilo/ths.
a)po\ de\ r(a/xews o)no/mata r(axi/
zein to\ ko/ptein, kai\ r(a/xetron to\ me/son th=s r(a/xews, kai\ r(axetri/sai
to\ diako/yai.
kai\ mh\n e)pi/ ge ta\s xei=ras i)ou=si to\ me\n u(pere/xon tou= bra
xi/onos a)krwmi/a kai\ w)/mou kefalh\ kai\ a)krokwli/a kai\ e)pwmi/s.
a)po\
de\ w)/mou o)no/mata kai\ h( e)cwmi\s kai\ h( e)cwmidopoii/a.
i(/na de\
e)nerei/detai touti\ to\ a)/rqron, e)ntu/pwsis kalei=tai h)\ w)mokotu/lh.
kai\
neu/rois me\n kath/rthtai para\ pleura\s paraiwroume/nhs th=s xeiro/s,
sta/shs de\ ei)s pugmh\n e)niza/nei th=| th=s e)ntupw/sews koilo/thti.
strog
gu/los de\ w)\n o( braxi/wn kai\ keklime/nos, o(/ti e)sti\ tou= ph/xews
braxu/teros, h(=| pro\s to\n a)gkw=na katabai/nei, dieuru/netai.
kalei=tai
de\ au)tou= ta\ me\n e)/cwqen mu/es, ta\ d' e)/ndon parwle/nia, to\ de\ pro\s
tw=| w)/mw| prou=xon braxi/onos kefalh/, ai( de\ u(po\ th=| a)krwmi/a| koilo/thtes
masxa/lai, a)f' w(=n o)no/mata a)mfima/sxalos kai\ e(teroma/sxalos xitw/n.
h( de\ masxa/lh u(po\ me\n tw=n i)diwtw=n kalei=tai ma/lh, u(po\ de\ tw=n
*)attikw=n ou)xi/, a)lla\ to\ u(po\ au)th=| fero/menon u(po\ ma/lhs fe/resqai
le/gousin.
ta\ me/ntoi parwle/nia kai\ a)gka/lai kai\ a)gkali/des, kai\
eu)a/gkalon to\ eu)/foron h)\ to\ h(du/.
i)/sws de\ a)po\ tou/twn kai\
a)gkali/des oi( tw=n cu/lwn desmoi/, kai\ a)gkalidagwgoi\ kai\ a)gkalidh
fo/roi, kai\ to\ e)nagkali/sasqai kai\ prosagkali/sasqai: kai\ parag
kali/sasqai to\ tou\s a)gkalidhfo/rous au)tou/s ti paraforti/sasqai.
o( toi/nun ph=xus e)/xei o)sta= du/o to\ me\n u(perogko/teron,
to\ de\ braxu/teron.
kai\ i(/na ge tw=| braxi/oni sunh/rqrwtai, to\ me\n
pa=n a)gkw\n kalei=tai, a)f' ou(= galia/gkwn par' *(ippokra/tei
(
`12 iv 114 l
kai\ to\ o)lekrani/zein para\ toi=s kwmikoi=s
(to\n
de\ ph=xun kai\ w)le/nhn kalou=sin, o(/qen kai\ h( *(/hra leukw/lenos, kai\
a)krwle/nia ta\ a)/kra tou= ph/xews.
ou(= to\ me\n a)/nwqen e)pi/phxu, to\
de\ ka/twqen a)gosto/s.
e)/nioi de\ kai\ to\ pro\s th=| a)krwmi/a| a)/rqron
kai\ to\ pro\s tw=| a)gkw=ni koru/nas kalou=sin, oi( de\ to/rmous h)\ kondu/
lous.
kai\ tou= ph/xews th\n u(po\ tw=| braxi/oni sumbolh\n kata\ me\n
th\n e)/ndoqen koilo/thta o)le/kranon kalei=sqai nomi/zousin, kata\ de\ th\n
e)/cwqen probolh\n a)gkw=na: to\ ga\r korwno\n o(mw=s e)stin i)atriko/n,
o)noma/zousi de\ tou=to kai\ ku/bwlon.
kai\ ku/biton ei)/pois a)\n w(s
*(ippokra/ths
(
tou)/noma tw=n e)n *sikeli/a| *dwrie/wn, o(/qen *)epi/xarmos
(
kai\ to\ pai/ein tw=| a)gkw=ni kubiti/zein le/gei.
au)th\ de\ h( sumbolh\ tou=
ph/xews pro\s to\n braxi/ona baqmi\s kalei=tai.
tw=n me/ntoi peri\ tw=|
ph/xei du/o o)stw=n to\ smikro/teron kerki\s o)noma/zetai kai\ paraph/xeion,
w(s tou= mei/zonos e)/xontos th\n tou= ph/xews proshgori/an, o(\ kai\
proph/xeio/n tines kalou=sin.
ou(= to\ pe/ras karpo\s o)noma/zetai,
sugkei/menon e)c o)stw=n o)ktw/.
kai\ proka/rpion me\n kalei=tai to\ pro\
tou= karpou=_tw=| de\ karpw=| kai\ probolh/ tis a)straga/lw| prosferh\s
sumpe/fuken_, metaka/rpion de\ to\ pro\ tw=n daktu/lwn platuno/
menon, a)f' ou(= ei)s e)kei/nous h( xei\r sxi/zetai.
kai\ to\ me\n e)/ndoqen
th=s xeiro\s sarkw=des, a)po\ tou= mega/lou daktu/lou me/xri tou= lixanou=,
kalei=tai qe/nar, to\ de\ e)/cwqen o)pisqe/nar, to\ de\ a)po\ tou= lixanou=
e(/ws tou= mikrou= daktu/lou u(poqe/nar.
to\ de\ metacu\ qe/naros kai\
u(poqe/naros kai\ sth/qous koi=lon xeiro\s o)noma/zetai, o(\ kai\ kotu/lhn
e)/nioi kalou=sin.
sth=qos de\ to\ meta\ to\ koi=lon pro\ tou= metakarpi/ou:
to\ de\ sth=qos kai\ a)/ndhron kalei=tai.
e)/nioi de\ to\ me\n pro/sqion th=s
drako\s pa=n qe/nar oi)/ontai kalei=sqai, kai\ *(ippokra/ths
(
iii 428 l
kei/menon pa=n o)pisqe/nar h)\ kte/nas.
kai\ proka/rpia kai\ dw=ra, kai\
tou/twn ta\ me\n pro\s karpoi=s sth/qh, ta\ de\ pro\s daktu/lois u(po/xhla
kai\ tarso\n kai\ kra/tos.
tw=n de\ daktu/lwn ta\ me\n prou/xonta kata\
ta\s sumbola\s ko/nduloi, a)f' w(=n kai\ h( plhgh\ ke/klhtai, ta\ de\ u(p'
au)tou\s a)/rqra skutali/des h)\ w(s *)aristote/lhs
(
fa/lagges: trei=s d' ei)si\n e(ka/stw| tw=n tetta/rwn, du/o de\ tw=| mei/zoni.
o)noma/zontai de\ oi( da/ktuloi mikro/s, para/mesos, me/sos, lixano/s, a)nti/
xeir h)\ me/gas.
ta\ d' e)pi\ tw=| metakarpi/w| pro\ tw=n kondu/lwn meta
ko/ndula, w(=n ta\ me\n ka/tw a)/rqra, ta\ d' u(po\ tai=s fa/lagci r(i
zwnuxi/ai: e)c au)tw=n ga\r ai( tw=n o)nu/xwn a)rxai/.
meq' a(\s o)/nuxes,
u(f' oi(=s ta\ neu=ra pau/esqai le/gousin: w(=n ta\ me\n u(po\ tw=| o)/nuxi
krupta/, ta\ d' a)/nwqen a)/rgemoi, ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen parwnuxi/ai, ta\ de\
met' au)ta\s gwni/ai.
to\ de\ pro\s tai=s r(izwnuxi/ais leuko\n a)natolh/.
kai\ ta\ me\n e)pifaino/mena toi=s o)/nuci nefe/lia, ta\ d' e)/ndoqen tw=n
daktu/lwn pe/rata r(a=ge/s te kai\ korufai/.
a)po\ de\ tw=n o)nu/xwn
o)nuxi/sasqai kai\ a)ponuxi/sasqai, w(=| kai\ ma=llon xrhste/on, ei)/rhtai
de\ to\ e)conuxi/sasqai, fau/lws de/.
th=s me\n ou)=n o(/lhs xeiro\s
o)sta= e(\c kai\ ei)/kosin ei)=nai/ fhsin o( *soleu\s *kle/arxos, ei(=s tw=n *)ari
stote/lous maqhtw=n
(
xei=ra, to\ me\n e)/cwqen kalei=tai pugmh/, a)f' h(=s kai\ pu/kths, pukteu/ein,
e)cepu/kteusen, pu\c e)/paisen, pu\c e)pa/tacen, pu\c e)/plhcen: h( de\
sunexh\s tw=n xeirw=n sunagwgh/, puknw=s ei)s plh=qos e)piferome/nh,
pi/tulos kalei=tai.
to\ de\ e)/ndoqen dra/gma, a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ tw=n
a)staxu/wn, kai\ dra\c kai\ dra/kos, kai\ dra/ttesqai kai\ e)pidra/t
tesqai.
a)po\ de\ th=s xeiro\s eu)/xeir, qrasu/xeir, a)rti/xeir, eu)xeiri/a,
qrasuxeiri/a, ou) mh\n a)rtixeiri/a.
xeirourgi/a, xeirotexni/a, xeiro
te/xnhs: o( ga\r xeirourgo\s eu)tele/s, xeirourgei=n de\ kai\ xeirotexnei=n,
kai\ xeirourgiko\s kai\ xeirourgikw=s, xeirotexniko\s kai\ xeirotexni
kw=s, xeirw/sasqai, e)gxeirh=sai, e)gxei/rhma, e)pixei/rhma, e)pixei/rhsis.
eu)/xeir, taxu/xeir w(s *kriti/as
(
eu)xeiri/a, taxuxeiri/a.
kai\ xeirotexni/a w(s *pla/twn
(
o)cu/xeir ga\r kai\ o)cuxeiri/a, to\ me\n para\ *mena/ndrw|
(
ei)/rhtai, to\ de\ par' *)ale/cidi
(
*qoukudi/dh|
(e)n xeirw=n no/mw| a)mu/nasqai, ei)s xei=ras e)lqei=n,
"ei)s tou\s u(po\ xei=ra th\n o)rgh\n a)fh=ken." xeiragwgo/s, xeiragwgei=n.
kai\ xei=ra u(pe/xein.
to\ kata\ xeiro\s u(/dwr xe/rniba h)\ xe/rnibon
*(/omhros
(a
de\ kai\ xerni/mmata.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
ri/stwn tw=n koinw=n" ei)=pen.
a)poxeirobiw/twn de\ *cenofw=n
(
viii 3. 37xeiro/maktron, xeiro/niptron.
xei\r stratiwtikh/, kai\
pollh=| xeiri/, kai\ xei\r decia\ e)pi\ xeirotexni/as tino/s, kai\ *poluklei/tou
xei\r to\ a)/galma, kai\ *)apellou= xei\r h( grafh/.
polu/xeir kai\ polu
xeiri/a.
xeirotoni/a, a)ntixeirotoni/a, e)pixeirotoni/a, xeirotonei=n,
e)pixeirotonei=n, a)ntixeirotonei=n, e(kato/gxeir, makro/xeir, ei)/te
kata\ *polu/kleiton o( *(usta/spou *darei=os, ei)/te kata\ *)antile/onta
*ce/rchs, ei)/te kata\ tou\s plei/stous *)=wxos o( e)piklhqei\s *)artace/rchs,
h)/toi th\n decia\n e)/xwn promhkeste/ran h)\ th\n a)ristera\n h)\ a)mfo
te/ras: oi( de\ o(/ti th\n du/namin e)pi\ plei=ston e)ce/teinen.
a)po\ de\
xeirw=n kai\ xeiri=des para\ *cenofw=nti
(
xeiridwtoi\ xitw=nes.
kai\ xeiropoi/hton para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
kai\ xeirw/naktes para\ *sofoklei=
(
rwnaci/a para\ *(hrodo/tw|
(
mosqe/nei
(*(uperei/dhs d' e)n tw=| u(pe\r *luko/fronos
(
bl
w)no/masen, ei)pw/n "ou)/te ga\r th\n e(autou= xei=ra dunato\n a)rnh/sasqai."
e)/sti de\ kai\ nau/maxon o(/plon xei\r sidhra=.
xeirope/das *(hro/dotos
(?
)
ei)/rhken, *(ippw=nac
(
phrwme/non.
xeiro/doton de\ da/neisma to\ a)/neu sumbo/lou.
kai\ xei
roma/nteis ai( e)k tw=n xeirw=n manteuo/menai.
xeiria=n de\ e)ka/loun
to\ katerrh=xqai ta\s xei=ras h)\ a)lgei=n e)k ko/pou, o(/qen kai\ xeiro/podes
oi( tou\s po/das katerrhgme/noi.
xeironomh=sai de\ to\ tai=n xeroi=n e)n
r(uqmw=| kinhqh=nai: *(hro/dotos
(
dou tou= *)aqhnai/ou toi=s posi\n e)xeirono/mhsen, *krati=nos
(
`453 kokai\ a)kroxeirismo\s de/
ti/s e)stin e)n pagkrati/ou mele/th|, kai\ a)kroxeiri/sasqai.
kai\ diaxeiri/sai
xrh/mata kai\ metaxeiri/sasqai.
kai\ dia\ xeiro\s e)/xein th\n po/lin.
kai\
au)toxeiri/a, au)toxeiri/, au)to/xeir.
to\ ga\r para\ *fili/stw|
(
i p 192. 60a)xei/rwton de\ *sofoklh=s
(
(
rhsis *)aristofa/nhs
(
(
e)gxeirh/mata *dhmosqe/nhs
(e)gxei
ri/dion to\ ci/fos *cenofw=n
(
kai\ ta\s i(kethri/as.
le/goito d' a)\n kai\ xei\r a)krath\s h)\ e)gkrath/s,
kai\ to\ e)/rgon au)th=s kratei=n, a)ntilamba/nesqai, kai\ to\ pra=gma
a)nti/lhyis kai\ a)ntilabh/, kai\ lh=yis kai\ labh/, kai\ a)pri\c a)ntei
lh=fqai.
e)/sti d' a)po\ xeirw=n a(/yasqai, a(fh\ kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
`149 a
*z a)po\ de\ a)gkw/nwn galia/gkwn kata\ *)aristote/
lhn
(?
), kai\ a)po\ ph/xewn eu)/phxus, kalli/phxus, r(odo/phxus,
w(/sper a)po\ daktu/lwn r(ododa/ktulos.
kai\ daktu/lios kai\ daktu
li/dia ta\ gunaikei=a, kai\ daktulioglu/fos kai\ daktulioglufi/a para\
*pla/twni
(kai\ daktulodeiktei=tai w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
w(s *cenofw=n
(kai\ da/ktulos o( r(uqmo/s.
kai\
tou\s *)idai/ous *daktu/lous keklh=sqai le/gousin oi( me\n kata\ to\n
a)riqmo/n, o(/ti ka)kei=noi pe/nte h)=san, oi( de\ kata\ to\ th=| *(re/a|
pa/nq' u(pourgei=n, o(/ti kai\ oi( th=s xeiro\s da/ktuloi texni=tai/ te kai\
pa/ntwn e)rga/tai.
tw=n de\ me/trwn e)/sti me/n ti kai\ da/ktulos, doxmh\ de\ sugklei
sqe/ntes oi( te/ttares da/ktuloi, to\ d' au)to\ kai\ palaisth\ qhlukw=s kai\
palaisth\s a)rrenikw=s, kai\ dw=ron, kai\ e(kkaideka/dwra
(
ta\ e(kkaidekapa/laista.
to\ de\ a)po\ karpou= e(/ws a)/krwn daktu/lwn, h(
pa=sa xei/r, o)rqo/dwron.
ei) de\ tou\s daktu/lous a)potei/nas a)po\ tou=
mega/lou pro\s to\n mikro/taton metroi=s, spiqamh\ to\ me/tron.
ei) de\
to\n me/gan da/ktulon tw=| lixanw=| a)ntitei/nas, to\ me/tron lixa/s.
a)po\
de\ o)lekra/nou pro\s to\n me/son da/ktulon a)/kron to\ dia/sthma ph=xus.
ei) de\ sugka/myeias tou\s daktu/lous a)p' a)gkw=nos e)p' au)tou/s, pugw\n
to\ me/tron, ei) de\ sugklei/seias, pugmh/.
ei) d' a)/mfw ta\s xei=ras
e)ktei/neias, w(s kai\ to\ ste/rnon au)tai=s summetrei=n, o)rguia\ kalei=tai to\
me/tron.
xeirw=n de\ h( me\n decia\ kata\ th\n qe/sin, h( de\ a)ristera/, laia/,
skaia/, eu)w/numos.
kai\ decio/s, e)pide/cios, deciw=s, e)pideci/ws, e)pi
de/cia: dhloi= de\ tou=to para\ me\n *pla/twni
(
"a)naba/llesqai de\ ou)k e)pistame/nou e)pide/cia," para\ de\ *lusi/a|
(
e(/sthken e)pide/cia," para\ de\ *eu)po/lidi
(
sxh=ma "o(/tan de\ dh\ pi/nwsi th\n e)pide/cia." a)mfide/cios, peride/cios.
deciw/sasqai: *cenofw=n
(
menos.
deci/wsis, decia\n dou=nai h)\ labei=n, decia\n protei=nai, decia\n
e)mbalei=n, "decia\n pe/mponti basilei=" w(s *cenofw=n
(
kai\ "manqa/nei ta\ decia/" oi(=on ta\ sofa/, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
to\ de\ deci/wma e)k mo/nwn tw=n me/trwn.
skaio/s, skaiw=s a)ri
stero/s: to\ d' e)pari/steros i)diwtiko/n, to/ ge mh\n a)mfari/steros
*)attiko/n.
ta/xa de\ kai\ o( a)risterosta/ths e)n xorw=| prosh/koi a)\n th=|
a)ristera=|, w(s o( deciosta/ths th=| decia=|.
a)lla\ kai\ e)n decia=| ei)sple/onti,
kai\ o(moi/ws e)n a)ristera=|.
a)po\ de\ o)nu/xwn a)/krwn a)krwnu/xia ta\ a)/kra tw=n xeirw=n
kai\ tw=n podw=n.
prosh/koi d' a)\n oi)=mai daktu/lois kai\ ta\
a)/kra, a)kro/tata, a)krwle/nia, a)kro/drua, a)kroxeirismo/s, a)krokw/lia,
a)krw/reia, a)kroqi/nia, kai\ par' *eu)ripi/dh|
(
kai\ a)krofu/sion kai\ a)kroteleu/tion para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
a)po/ ge mh\n au)xe/nos to\ me\n su/mpan e(/ws i)sxi/wn qw/rac kai\ o(/lmos,
to\ de\ u(po\ ta\s klei=das sth=qos, ou(= ta\ e)nto\s e)ntosqi/dia.
kalei=tai
de\ kai\ prosthqi/dia i(/ppwn o(/pla.
to\ de\ a)po\ qumou= katabai=non
ste/rnon, o(/qen eu)ru/sternos kai\ eu)/sternos, kai\ prosterni/sasqai kai\
prosterni/dia: kai\ sterno/mantin *sofoklh=s
(
menon e)ggastri/muqon.
to\ de\ sthqw=n me/son sthqu/nion.
e)pi\ de\ toi=s
ste/rnois mastoi/, a)f' w(=n kai\ ta\ th=s gh=s u(pere/xonta mastoi\ ke/klhntai.
oi( de\ mastoi\ kai\ titqoi\ kalou=ntai kai\ titqi/a, ma/lista de\ e)pi\
gunaikw=n.
to\ de\ u(p' au)tou\s proka/rdion.
a)po\ de\ titqw=n titqai\ ai(
qhla/zousai: qhla/zein ga\r kalei=tai to\ to\n masto\n e)pisxei=n, qhla/
zesqai de\ to\ e(/lkein to\ ga/la e)k tw=n mastw=n.
tou/twn de\ qhlh\
to\ a)/kron, o(/qen to\ qhla/zein kai\ qhlh\n e)pisxei=n.
o( de\ peri\ th=|
qhlh=| melaino/menos ku/klos fw=s, h( de\ prw/th tou= ga/laktos u(p' au)tw=|
ph=cis ku/amos, to\ de\ u(popimpla/menon tou= ga/laktos ko/lpos kai\ a)/skwma.
mo/na de\ e)n sth/qesin e)/xei mastou\s a)/nqrwpos kai\ nukteri\s kai\ e)le/fas.
kai\ ou(/tw me\n o( *soleu/s
(
*stageiri/ths
(
fhsi/n, ou)k e)n tw=| sth/qei tou\s mastou\s e)/xein.
proka/rdion de\ to\
u(po\ tw=| sth/qei e)/gkoilon malako\n kai\ sarkw=des, kata\ to\ sto/ma th=s
koili/as: u(po/keitai de\ tw=| xo/ndrw| tou= sth/qous, o(/ e)stin o)stou=n e)kpefuko\s
tou= sth/qous, o(\ kai\ cifoeide\s kalei=tai.
to\ de\ u(po\ to\ ste/rnon e)/gkoi
lon, o(\ kalou=si sfagh/n, kai\ a)ntika/rdion u(p' e)ni/wn w)no/mastai.
kai\
dh\ to\ me\n u(po\ prokardi/w| xo/ndros, to\ de\ u(po\ tw=| xo/ndrw| u(po
xo/ndrion.
tou/tois de\ pleurai\ pro/skeintai o)ktw/, periago/menai ei)s
ta\ nw=ta, mei/zous te kai\ e)la/ttous, ai( me\n mei/zous kalou/menai gnh/siai,
ai( de\ e)la/ttous no/qai, ai(\ ma/lista tw=| sth/qei plhsia/zousin.
to\ de\ u(po\
ta\s pleura\s o)stw=n xh/tei kenew\n kalei=tai kai\ zw/nh, a)f' h(=s o)no/
mata zw/nnusqai, zw=ma, dia/zwma, kai\ zwsth/r, kai\ zw/nh ti o(/plon
o(mw/numon tw=| me/rei: *)anacandri/dhs
(
zw/stran ei)/rhken
w(s dei= paxei=an th\n perizw/stran e)/xein,
dh=lon o(/ti th\n zw/nhn, h(\n *(rwmai=oi kalou=si faski/an.
kai\ to\
zw/nnusqai de\ kai\ diazw/nnusqai e)k tou/twn.
kai\ h( me\n peri\ ta\s
pleura\s no/sos pleuri=tis, w(/sper h( peri\ ta\ a)/rqra a)rqri=tis, kai\ nefri=tis
h( peri\ tou\s nefrou/s.
a)lla\ ta\ me\n u(po\ masxa/lhn pleura\ o)no
ma/zetai, ta\ de\ o)sta= pleurai/, w(=n ta\ me/sa mesopleu/ria.
e(pta/pleuroi
de\ *li/gues h)\ ei)si\n h)\ kalou=ntai.
kai\ tri/gwno/n ti i)so/pleuron
o)noma/zetai, kai\ parapleuri/dia ta\ para\ tai=s tw=n i(/ppwn pleurai=s
o(/pla.
katalh/gei de\ ei)s tou\s peri\ nw=ton sfondu/lous ta\ tw=n pleu
rw=n a)/kra, ka)kei/nois e)mpe/phge kata\ ta\s e)k plagi/wn koilo/thtas.
dw/
deka d' ei)si\n e(kate/rwqen ai( cu/mpasai pleurai/, w(=n tine\s me\n tw=|
ste/rnw| suna/ptontai, ai( de\ peri\ to\n qw/raka pau/ontai, au)tai\ e(auta\s
fe/rousai.
to\ d' a)po\ ste/rnwn e)p' ai)doi=a kata\ to\n kenew=na kalei=tai koili/a
kai\ gasth/r, a)f' h(=s proga/stwr kai\ ga/stris, kai\ gastrimargi/a
kai\ gastri/margos kai\ gastrobo/ros, kai\ gastrismo\s kai\ gastri/sai.
kai\ gastri/dion e)n th=| kwmw|di/a
(
podos par' *(omh/rw|
(*s kai\ u(pegastri/zeto to\ e)xo/rta
zen h( kwmw|di/a
(
(to\ d' u(p' au)th=| sta/xus kalei=tai.
to\ de\ kata\ me/shn gaste/ra koi=lon o)mfalo\s kai\ mesomfa/lion, kai\
o( peri\ au)to\n to/pos ga/ggamon, e)pei\ neu/rwn e)sti\ ple/gma, kaqa/per
to\ diktuw=des o(\ nu=n kalei=tai ga/ggamon h)\ w(s oi( polloi\ sagh/nh.
o)mfalou= de\ to\ e)n me/sw| a)kromfa/lion, to\ de\ u(pe\r au)to\n e)pomfa/lion.
kai\ meso/mfaloi kalou=ntai plakou/ntwn ti ei)=dos.
kai\ o)mfalhto/mos
h( maieu/tria: kai\ w(=| a)pote/mnei tou\s o)mfalou\s tw=n brefw=n, o)m
falisth/r.
oi( de\ *)attikoi\ kai\ to\n tw=n su/kwn puqme/na o)mfalo\n
w)no/mazon.
to\ de\ peri\ tw=| o)mfalw=| de/rma grai=a, o(/ti r(usou/menon gh/
rws su/mbolon gi/netai.
to/ ge mh\n u(pe\r to\n o)mfalo\n me/ros ei)/pois
a)\n e)piga/strion, o(/per h(/pati kai\ splhni\ e)pi/keitai.
tw=| d' e)pigastri/w|
oi( kenew=nes u(po/keintai, ou(\s kai\ lago/nas kalou=sin, w(/sper to\ u(po\
to\n o)mfalo\n pa=n a)/xri th=s u(pe\r ai)doi=a trixw/sews h)=tro/n te kai\ u(po
ga/strion.
a)po\ de\ tou= h)/trou kai\ h)triai=a tema/xh oi( kwmw|doi\
(
frg 318. 6 koau)th\ d' h( tri/xwsis h(/bh te kai\ e)pi/sion.
to\ ga\r e)fh/baion i)atrw=n mo/nwn.
to\ d' u(p' au)ta\ ai)doi=on.
ou(= to\
pro/mhkes, di' ou(= to\ e)k ku/stews u(gro\n e)pirrei=, kaulo\s o)noma/zetai,
kai\ sth=ma kata\ tou\s i)atrou\s to\ kathrthme/non, to\ de\ mh\ e)kkre
ma/menon au)tou= u(po/sthma kai\ ku/stews tra/xhlos, w(/sper ba/lanos to\
tou= kaulou= a)/kron: h(=s to\ tru/phma ou)rh/qra.
po/sqh de\ to\ e)p' au)th=|
de/rma, w(s a)kroposqi/a kai\ a)kropo/sqion to\ po/sqhs prou=xon.
w(=| de\
th\n po/sqhn a)pe/doun, tou=ton to\n desmo\n kunode/smhn w)no/mazon.
to\ de\ tw=n o)/rxewn h)\ didu/mwn a)ggei=on o)/sxeon, ou(= to\ xalw/menon
lako/pedon.
to\n de\ a)ei\ xalarw=| tou/tw| kexrhme/non lakosxe/an *)aqhnai=oi
kalou=sin.
ta\ me/ntoi metacu\ u(posth/matos kai\ o)sxe/ou kai\ mhrou=
plixa/des kalou=ntai, o(/qen kai\ to\ diabai/nein oi( poihtai\ a)mfipli/ssein
le/gousi, kai\ to\ periba/dhn a)mfipli/c, w(=| kai\ *sofoklh=s
(
katexrh/sato e)pi\ drako/ntwn ei)pa/n "qairo\n a)mfipli\c ei)lhfo/tes,"
oi(=on peribebhko/tes.
kai\ *stra/ttis
(
ta\ quga/tria
peri\ th\n leka/nhn a(/panta peripepligme/na,
toute/sti dihxo/ta ta\ ske/lh.
kai\ par' *(omh/rw|
(z
bainon: "ai(\ d' e)u\ me\n trw/xwn, e)u\ d' e)pli/ssonto po/dessin."
kremasth=res de\ ta\ neu=ra a(\ tou\s didu/mous a)ne/xei.
to\ de\ r(afh=|
me\n proseoiko/s, u(po\ de\ to\n kaulo\n dia\ tou= o)sxe/ou me/sou u(po\ to\n
o)nomazo/menon tau=ron, a)f' ou(= kai\ a)tau/rwtos para\ toi=s tragw|doi=s
(
peri/neos o)noma/zetai h)\ tra/mis h)\ o)/rros.
tw=n de\ o)/rxewn to\ me\n a)/nw
kefalh/, to\ de\ ka/tw puqmh/n: to\ de\ pa=n tou=to ai)doi=a, w(/sper kai\
ta\ gunaikw=n.
w(=n to\ me\n su/mpan ktei\s kai\ e)pi/sion, h( de\ tomh\
sxi/sma.
to\ de\ e)n me/sw| skai=ron sarki/on nu/mfh h)\ mu/rton h)\ e)pi/deris
h)\ kleitori/s: kai\ kleitori/zein to\ yhlafa=n th\n kleitori/da.
ta\ d'
e(kate/rwqen sarkw/dh murtoxeili/des h)\ krhmnoi\ h)\ pterugw/mata.
para
sta/tai d' ei)si\ po/roi a)po\ tw=n o)/rxewn ei)s to\n ou)rhth=ra kata/gontes
kai\ e)kpe/mpontes to\ spe/rma.
a)po\ de\ tw=n ei)rhme/nwn o)no/mata,
a)po\ me\n gastro\s gastri/s, gastri/margos, gastrobo/ros, proga/stwr,
gastrismo/s.
gastri/zein ou) mo/non to\ xorta/zein le/gousin, a)lla\ kai\
to\ plh/ttein ei)s th\n gaste/ra, w(s *)aristofa/nhs e)n *)ippeu=sin
(*pla/twn de\ o( kwmiko\s
(
ma/rgou
e)/peita d' ou)dei/s e)st' a)nh\r gastri/steros.
to\n de\ *yittako\n ga/strwna o( *)alkai=os
(
*(/omhros
de\
(*s
ga/strhn me\n tri/podos pu=r a)/mfepen.
a)po\ de\ kaulou= a)pekau/lisen.
o( de\ po/sqhs e)/rhmos a)peskolumme/nos:
para\ de\ toi=s *ai)oleu=sin e)kalei=to a)paidoiw=sqai to\ a)peskolu/fqai.
to\ me/ntoi a)naspa/sai to\ ai)doi=on para\ toi=s a)rxai/ois kwmikoi=s
(
xeroi=n a)nafla=n kai\ a)nakna=n *)aristofa/nhs e)n *)amfiara/w|
(
le/gei.
e)kalei=to de\ kai\ tu/los to\ ai)doi=on, o(/qen kai\ *ferekra/ths
(
nw=ta toi/nun u(p' au)xe/ni kei/mena to\ me\n e)/gkurton e)/xei xelw/
nion o)nomazo/menon, ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen w)moplatw=n pteru/gia, w(=n ta\
pla/gia metauxe/nia.
to\ de\ me/son nw/twn te kai\ tou/twn meta/frenon,
periexousw=n au)to\ tw=n w)moplatw=n w(=n ta\ peri\ tw=| nw/tw| platu
no/mena tra/pezai kalou=ntai, to\ d' u(p' au)tai=s r(a/xis.
h(=s to\ me/son
e)n tw=| nw/tw| kata\ mh=kos a)/xris o)sfu/os koilaino/menon kri/sis, kai\
tau/ths to\ katalh=gon a)nti/sternon.
to\ d' a)po\ th=s r(a/xews o)sfu\s to\
me/xri gloutw=n.
th\n de\ r(a/xin e)/nioi tw=n poihtw=n w)no/masan klo/nin,
w(/sper *)anti/maxos
(
w(s ei)/te klo/nios teqorui/hs sfonduli/wn e)/c.
e(ptakai/deka de/ ei)sin oi( sfo/nduloi th\n sugkamph\n th=| r(a/xei pare/
xontes, du/o me\n kai\ de/ka r(a/xews, ou(\s o)nama/zousi r(a/xeis, pe/nte de\
o)sfu/os: kai\ to\n me\n u(po\ tw=| a)/tlanti kai\ th\n e)p' au)tw=| sa/rka lo
fadi/an h)\ lofi/an, to\n de\ u(p' au)tw=| masxalisth=ra, tou\s de\
loipou\s pleuri/tas kalou=sin, to\n de\ dwde/katon diazwsth=ra.
th\n
de\ o)sfu=n kai\ pro/tmhsin e)ka/loun, h(=s e)nsfondu/lia me\n ta\ o)sta=,
o( de\ prw=tos sfo/ndulos e)kalei=to nefri/ths, w(s o( teleutai=os a)s
falti/ths.
to\ de\ me/son th=s o)sfu/os a)/knhstis, kuri/ws me\n e)pi\
tw=n tetrapo/dwn: *(/omhros
(k
le/gwn "kat' a)/knhstin me/sa nw=ta." a)po\ de\ nw/twn o)no/mata:
kata\ nw/tou e)pigene/sqai e)n pole/mw|, kai\ ta\ nw=ta dou=nai, kai\
nwti/sai para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
kata\ nw/tou ti a)polipei=n.
kai\ para\ *cenofw=nti
(
"nwtofo/ros" h(mi/onos kai\ o)/nos: kai\ nwtei=s de\ tou/tous e)ka/loun,
w(s tou\s u(po\ zugw=| zugi/ous.
to\n de\ mastigi/an *)aristofa/nhs
(
`830 koperi\ de\ toi=s nw/tois e(pta\ traxu/thtes
a)nesta=sin, w(=n du/o me\n ai( meta\ th\n prw/thn a)/kanqan o)nomazome/nhn
kalou=ntai kuno/lofa, ke/rnai de\ ai( pla/gioi du/o: ai( de\ loipai\ ka/tw
proneu/ousin.
tw=n de\ sfondu/lwn a)/rren me\n kalei=tai to\ prou=xon kai\
e)nereido/menon, qh=lu de\ to\ u(podexo/menon koi=lon.
tou\s de\ sfondu/lous
tou/tous *(riano\s ku/bous w)no/masen
(
au)xe/nos e)c u(pa/toio ku/bois e)pite/lletai i)cu/s.
h( me/ntoi dia\ tw=n sfondu/lwn porei/a, di' h(=s o( muelo\s te/tatai, swlh\n
kalei=tai kai\ i(era\ su=rigc.
tw=n de\ pleurw=n ai( me\n mei/zous gnh/siai, ai( de\ e)la/ttous no/qai,
ai(\ kai\ ei)si\n u(po\ tw=| sth/qei: meq' a(\s ta\ e)nidrume/na tai=s pleurai=s
spla/gxna e)gkoi/lia kalei=tai.
kai\ e)k me\n nw/twn h( a)nwta/tw pleura\
megi/sth o(ra=tai, e)k de\ plagi/wn ai( me/sai.
kai\ ta\ me\n tw=n pleurw=n o)sta=
spa/qai: tou/twn de\ pla/tai me\n ta\ eu)ru/tera, a(\ kai\ a)llh/lois sumpe/
phgen, ta\ de\ stena\ kwpi/a, a(\ r(a/xei geitonei=.
kai\ ai( me\n prw=tai
du/o th\n e)pi/klhsin e)/xousin a)nti/strofoi, du/o de\ ai( meta\ tau/tas
stereai/, du/o d' e)pi\ tau/tais sterni/tides: ai( d' e)pi\ tou\s xo/ndrous
katalh/gousai du/o para/seiroi, te/ttares de\ ai( no/qai malqakai/.
i(/na
de\ oi( sfo/nduloi katalh/gousin, i(ero\n o)stou=n kalei=tai: kai\ a)/rxetai
me\n e)c eu)ru/thtos u(po\ th\n r(a/xin, a)postenou=tai de\ kata\ to\n ko/kkuga
kalou/menon, o(\s kai\ sfondu/lion kai\ o)rropu/gion o)noma/zetai.
ou(=
to\ u(pera/nw o)sfu=s kai\ i)cu/s, w(s zw/nh to\ kat' au)th\n e)n toi=s pro/sqen.
tisi\ de\ to\ i(ero\n o)stou=n trhto\s ko/kkuc kalei=tai kai\ e)/sti pa/ntwn
me/giston.
kai\ to\ me\n ei)s daktu/lion neneuko\s au)tou= korufh\ ka
lei=tai, ta\ de\ pla/gia i)sxi/a te kai\ ska/fia.
tau=ta de\ o)mfalw=| me\n
a)nti/keitai, gloutoi=s de\ e)pi/keitai, oi(\ kai\ koxw=nai kai\ pugai\ pros
agoreu/ontai, kai\ proxw=nai par' *)arxi/ppw| e)n tw=| *(ri/nwni
(
kai\ i)sxi/a me/n e)stin ai( e(kate/rwqen meta\ th\n o)sfu=n sarkw/deis pro
bolai/, ta\ d' u(pere/xonta a)po\ tou/twn gloutoi\ kai\ e)fe/drana, a)f' w(=n
e(/dra kaqe/dra e)ne/dra, e)nedreu/ein e)fedreu/ein, e)/fedros.
a)po\ de\
pugw=n o)no/mata eu)/pugos, kalli/pugos, katapu/gwn, kai\ kaq' *(hsi/odon
(
ktulon katapu/gona w)no/mazon.
oi( de\ e)ndew=s pugw=n e)/xontes li/spoi
kai\ u(po/lispoi kalou=ntai kai\ lispo/pugoi, e)f' w(=| ma/lista *)aqhnai=oi
kwmw|dou=ntai.
th\n de\ w(=de e)/xousan kai\ diatra/min *stra/ttis
(
`74 ko
oi( de\ e)/ndoqen kata\ th\n o)sfu=n mu/es kalou=ntai yo/ai kai\ neu
romh=trai kai\ a)lw/pekes: *kle/arxos
(
o)noma/zei tou\s e)/cwqen kata\ th=s r(a/xews mu=s.
kotu/las d' a)\n ei)/pois
ta\s tw=n peri\ toi=s i)sxi/ois o)stw=n koilo/thtas, ai(\ th=| kefalh=| tw=n mh
rw=n ei)si\n e)nhrmosme/nai.
plh=ktron de\ mhrou= kalei=tai kaqo\ h( kefalh\
tou= mhrou= th=| kotu/lh| suna/ptei, au)th\ de\ h( kefalh\ kotulhdw/n.
ai( de\ u(po\ tou\s gloutou\s e)pi\ tou\s mhrou\s kataferei=s sa/rkes
u(poglouti/des.
ta\ d' e)/mprosqen para\ tou\s mhrou\s boubw=nes, oi(=s
kai\ to\ pa/qos o( boubw\n e)pigi/netai: kai\ to\ boubwnia=n e)kei=qen,
w(s *kalli/as
(kalei=tai de\ kai\ to\ neu=ron to\ sune/xon
th\n kotu/lhn pro\s to\n mhro\n i)sxi/on: o(mw/numon d' e)sti\n au)tw=| kai\ to\
a)/rqron.
kai\ to\ me\n th=| kotu/lh| sunhrmosme/non o)stou=n stroggu/lon
mhrou= kefalh/, mhro\s de\ to\ a)po\ tou/tou me/xri gona/twn me/ros, a)f'
ou(= eu)/mhros kalli/mhros, mhriai=a, paramhriai=a kai\ paramhri/dia,
kai\ h( *la/kaina fano/mhris.
h( de\ peri\ th=| kefalh=| tou= mhrou= tw=n
o)stw=n e)/kfusis troxanth\r o)noma/zetai.
mu/es de\ ai( pro\ tw=n a)/rqrwn
e)n tai=s kinh/sesin e)panista/menai sa/rkes.
ta\ d' e)nto\s tw=n mhrw=n
paramh/ria, ta\ de\ metacu\ au)tw=n mesomh/ria.
go/nu de\ h( meta\ tou\s
mhrou\s sugkamph/, a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ gonati/zein para\ *krati/nw| tw=|
kwmw|dopoiw=|
(le/getai de/ ti kai\ kala/mou go/nu,
kai\ par' *(omh/rw|
(r go/natos de\ to\ me\n tw=|
tou= mhrou= te/lei sunhrmosme/non knh/mhs kefalh/, to\ d' e)/cwqen e)pikei/
menon platu\ kai\ perifere\s o)stou=n, w(/sper fra/gma tou= go/natos,
e)pigonati/s te kai\ ko/gxh kai\ ko/gxos kai\ mu/lh, kata\ de\ *(ip
pokra/thn
(
mulakri/s.
h( me/ntoi kwmw|di/a th\n a)letri/da mulakri/da kalei=
h)\ zw=|o/n ti e)n tw=| mulw=ni gino/menon, w(s *)aristofa/nhs le/gei
(
i(/na cunw=sin w(=|per h(/desqon bi/w|,
skw/lhkas e)sqi/onte kai\ mulakri/das.
o( de\ pro\s tw=| go/nati mu=s e)pigouni/s, h( de\ kato/pin a)ntikeime/nh th=|
ko/gxh| koilo/ths i)gnu/h.
knh/mh de\ to\ e)pi\ tw=| go/nati kai\ th=| i)gnu/i
pa=n e(kate/rwqen.
du/o de\ e)/xei o)sta= h( knh/mh, i)somh/kh me/n, ou) mh\n
i)sopaxh=: w(=n to\ me\n e)/cwqen, o(/per e)sti\n e)/latton, paraknh/mion kalou=men,
to\ de\ e)/ndoqe/n te kai\ mei=zon proknh/mion.
th=s de\ knh/mhs a(pa/
shs to\ me\n pro/sqen a)ntiknh/mion, to\ d' o)/pisqen ei)s mu=n e)ph|r
me/non gastroknh/mion: e)/nioi d' w)|h/qhsan to\ me\n pro/sqen knh/mhn, to\
d' o)/pisqen a)ntiknh/mion ei)=nai.
ta\ d' a)po\ knh/mhs o)no/mata eu)/knhmos
kai\ knhmi\s kai\ "e)uknh/mides *)axaioi/," kai\ skeli/des o(lo/knhmoi e)n th=|
kwmw|di/a|
(ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen
tou= mei/zonos o)stou=, o(\ th\n knh/mhn fe/rei kerki\s kalou/menon, mikra\
o)sta/ria, a(\ pero/nai le/gontai kai\ parakerki/des, tau=ta de\ kai\
sth/rigges par' e)ni/ois kalou=ntai.
to\ de\ platu\ neu=ron, o(\ pro\s
th\n pte/rnan pau/etai a)po\ i)gnu/os a)rca/menon, te/nwn.
to\ de\ u(po\ th=| knh/mh| me/ros kalei=tai sfuro\n kai\ pe/za, a)f' w(=n
o)no/mata eu)/sfuros, kalli/sfuros, eu)/pezos, a)rguro/pezos, "a)rguro/
peza *qe/tis." para\ de\ th\n pe/zan e(kate/rwqen prou/xousin a)stra/
galoi, ei)s ou(\s ai( pero/nai katalh/gousin: oi( de\ a)straga/lous ou) ta\
prou/xonta a)lla\ ta\ e)/ndon krupto/mena u(po\ sfuro/n.
r(aibou\s de\
kalou=sin oi(=s kampu/la ei)s to\ e)/ndon ta\ ske/lh, blaisou\s de\ oi(=s to\
a)po\ tw=n gona/twn ei)s to\ e)/cw a)pe/straptai: kai\ to\ me\n *)arxi/
loxos
(ske/los
me\n dh\ pa=n o)nomaste/on to\ e)k mhrou= kai\ go/natos kai\ knh/mhs kai\
sfurou= kai\ podo/s: to\ d' e)k mhrou= te kai\ knh/mhs kw=lon kai\
kwlh=na.
o)no/mata d' a)p' au)tw=n to\ u(poskeli/zein, kai\ w(s *cenofw=n
(
e)n th=| kwmw|di/a|
(
"a)skele\s kai\ a)/poun:" ta/xa de\ kai\ o( skeleto\s kai\ ske
leteu/ein kai\ kateskeleteume/nos a)po\ th=s tw=n merw=n tou/twn w(s pro\s
to\ pa=n sw=ma i)sxno/thtos.
*me/nandros
(
skeli/das ei)/rhke forei=n ta\s ko/ras.
a)skwlia/zein de\ e)/legon to\ tw=|
e(te/rw| podi\ a(/llesqai.
pou\s de\ o)noma/zetai to\ meta\ tou\s a)stra
ga/lous pa=n: a)f' ou(= o)no/mata eu)/pous w)ku/pous taxu/pous kai\ w(s
*pla/twn
(
a)rti/pous kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
*cenofw=n
(kai\ di/pous kai\
tri/pous kai\ ta\ e)fech=s, w(=n mo/non o( o)ktw/pous ei)dikw/teron e)kfe/
retai.
tou/tois a)\n prosh/koi kai\ e)mpo/dia kai\ e)mpodi/smata, e)mpo
di/zein, e)mpodw\n i(/stasqai, e)pi\ po/da a)naxwrei=n, kalo/pous, podo
ka/kh, poda/gra, podagra=n.
*pla/twn
(
"polu/poda kai\ a)/poda" ei)/rhken.
kai\ o( polu/pous d' e)k tou/twn
a)\n ei)/h kai\ h( xamai/pous: e)ka/loun de\ ou(/tw th\n ou)k e)pi\ zeu/gous
komizome/nhn nu/mfhn.
podostra/bh, podo/niptron, podonipth/r,
podew\n a)skou=, podh/reis xitw=nes, podalgi/a podalgh/s.
o( de\ kw
miko\s *pla/twn
(kai\ podei=a tou\s
peri\ toi=s posi\ pi/lous *kriti/as
(
(le/getai de/ ti kai\ peri\ po/da, to\
a(rmo/tton, a)po\ tw=n u(podhma/twn.
"a)nepo/dizon" de\ "to\n grammate/a"
*ai)sxi/nhs o( r(h/twr
(
e)poi/oun, kai\ a)napodizo/mena *)antifw=n
(
e)cetazo/mena.
me/rh de\ podo\s to\ me\n a)/nw pro\ tw=n daktu/lwn pedi/on h)\ o)/ros
h)\ poluo/steon, e)c o)stw=n kai\ neu/rwn sugkei/menon: ou(= to\ e)/mprosqen
meta\ tou\s daktu/lous tarso/s, to\ d' a)polh=gon tou= podo\s kato/pin
pte/rna, a)f' h(=s kai\ to\ pternokopei=n, o(/per e)sti\ to\ tai=s pte/rnais
ktupei=n pro\s ta\ e(dw/lia e)n toi=s qea/trois, o(po/te tina\ qoruboi=en.
kai\
pterni/des e)n th=| me/sh| kwmw|di/a|
(
puqme/nes tw=n i)atrikw=n lekani/dwn.
to\ de\ ka/twqen to\ me\n o(/lon
tu/lwma, tou/tou de\ to\ me\n prou=xon u(po\ tou\s daktu/lous sth=qos podo\s
h)\ prosthqi/s, to\ de\ meta\ to\ sth=qos koi=lon podo/s.
da/ktuloi de\ podo\s
ta\s au)ta\s e)pi\ toi=s me/resi proshgori/as e)/xousin a(/sper oi( tw=n xeirw=n.
kai\ ta\ me\n u(po\ tou\s daktu/lous r(h/gmata xi/metla o)noma/zetai_
oi( de\ kai\ au)to\ to\ me/ros ou(= e)pigi/netai, xi/metlon o)noma/zesqai nomi/
zousin_ta\ de\ u(pe\r tou\s daktu/lous krou/mata ptai/smata: *)aristo
fa/nhs
(posi\ d'
a)\n prosh/koi kai\ to\ u(po/dhma, u(podei=sqai, u(podou/menos, a)nupo/
dhtos, a)nupodhsi/a, kai\ ba/sin d' a)\n ei)/pois to\n po/da, *pla/twnos
(
kai\ to\ ba/simon kai\ to\ a)/baton.
kai\ ba/sis de\ para\ toi=s mousikoi=s
le/getai to\ tiqe/nai to\n po/da e)n r(uqmw=|.
kai\ bath\r o( ou)do\s e)f' ou(=
bai/nomen, w(s *)ameiyi/as
(
e)p' au)to\n h(/keis to\n bath=ra th=s qu/ras.
kai\ bebw=tas o( *pla/twn
(
fw=n
(?
) le/gousin.
kai\ "diabath/ria" *cenofw=n
(
i(era/, kai\ a)pobath/ria.
kai\ diabato\s potamo\s kai\ a)/batos
*pla/twn
(
kai\ diaba/thn *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ e)pibasi/an th=| di/kh|
*(uperei/dhs
(
*(hro/dotos
(
tw=n toi/nun e)nto\s a)po\ tw=n meta\ th\n e)piglwtti/da to/pwn ai( me\n
e(kate/rwqen prou/xousai sa/rkes a)ntia/des kai\ pari/sqmia kalou=ntai, ai(
d' u(p' au)ta/s, o(/moiai me\n th\n e)ruqro/thta, mei/zous de\ kai\ perifere/
sterai, mh=la.
prospefu/kasi de\ kata\ leptou\s u(me/nas stoma/xw|, o(\n
kai\ bro/gxon kai\ a)rthri/an e)/nioi kalou=sin, oi( de\ kai\ fa/rugga.
tai=s
ge mh\n a)ntia/sin o)stou=n u(po/keitai perieilhfo\s th\n tou= bro/gxou ke
falh/n, kalou/menon u(p' e)ni/wn u(oeide/s, o(/ti prose/oike tw=| tou= gra/m
matos sxh/mati: *(hro/filos d' au)to/, dia\ to\ paresthke/nai tai=s a)ntia/si,
parasta/thn w)no/mazen.
o( de\ sto/maxos pro/skeitai me\n e)/ndoqen th=|
r(a/xei, katatei/nei d' ei)s pneu/mona, o)noma/zetai de\ kai\ oi)sofa/gos, kai\
ta\ neu=ra ta\ e(kate/rwqen au)tou= to/noi.
e)/nqa de\ koili/a| suna/ptei, ka
lei=tai tou=to sto/ma koili/as.
pare/oike de\ to\ ka/tw tou= stoma/xou,
kaqo\ tw=| pneu/moni e)mbe/bhke, dia\ to\ e)k steno/thtos a)neuru/nesqai kw/
dwni sa/lpiggos.
e)/sti me/ntoi kai\ to\ u(po\ th=| glw/tth| pro\s th\n
u(podoxh\n tw=n potw=n te kai\ siti/wn tou= loipou= mh/kous platu/teron,
eu)ai/sqhton d' au)tou= to\ pro\s th=| koili/a| kai\ neurw=des.
e)/cwqen de\
sarkw/dhs e)sti/, kaqo\ tw=| bro/gxw| geitonei=, ta\ d' e)/ndoqen stroggu/los
a)rthriw/dhs.
e)pi/keitai d' a)rthri/a| te kai\ tai=s a)po\ kardi/as ei)s r(a/xin
a)nateinou/sais fleyi/n.
ple/gmata d' au)to\n poiei= te/ttara, h)\ w(s
e)/nioi tri/a, fle/bes a)rthri/ai neu=ra: tou\s ga\r u(me/nas e)cai/rousin.
kai\
o)/rnisi me\n o(/moio/n ti tou/tw| pro/skeitai, prhgorew\n kalou/menon,
e)/nqa proaqroi/zetai h( trofh/: tw=n de\ mhrukazome/nwn th\n prw/thn
koili/an h)/nustron kalou=sin.
o( de\ bro/gxos stoma/xou prokei/menos,
ei)s pneu/mona a)naneu/wn, th=| glw/tth| kai\ tw=| stoma/xw| prospe/fuken,
e)rri/zwtai d' e)n me/sw| tw=| pneu/moni, th=| me\n kata\ tou\s o)pisqi/ous lobou\s
e)gkei/menos, oi(\ toi=s nw/tois prosi/zousin, th=| de\ kata\ tou\s u(po\ toi=s
ste/rnois: sxi/zetai ga\r ei)s plei/ous lepta\s a)pofu/seis, ai(\ kalou=ntai
sh/ragge/s te kai\ bro/gxia kai\ a)ortai/.
au)to\s d' ei)s stroggu/lon
ei)=dos a)potetorneume/nos, e)k me\n tou= kato/pin tw=| stoma/xw| geitniw=n,
w(/sper d' e)k ku/klwn pollw=n sugkei/menos xitw=nas kai\ ou(=tos e)/xei te/t
taras, sumpeplegme/nos e)k neu/rwn flebw=n a)rthriw=n u(me/nwn.
*(/omh
ros me/ntoi to\n sto/maxon kai\
(
kalei=, kai\ fhsi\ "yuxh=s w)/kiston o)/leqron" ei)=nai, o(/ti diaireqei\s a)po/l
lusi th\n o(do\n th=s trofh=s.
to\n de\ bro/gxon a)sfa/ragon kalw=n
(
teth/rhken,
(
h(/ ge mh\n fa/rugc stoma/xou e)sti\n a)rxh/, w(s bro/gxou la/rugc,
kai\ faru/geqron: laruggi/zein d' ei)/rhke *dhmosqe/nhs
(
o(/per oi( palai/teroi faruggi/zein.
to\ d' e)/cw prou=xon au)tou= peri\ to\n
tra/xhlon gargarew\n kai\ pro/lobos.
tou= de\ stoma/xou katalh/gontos
ei)s th\n koili/an, w(s prou/legon
(
kei=tai kata\ to\ laio\n me/ros, to\ me\n sto/ma kata\ to\n xo/ndron me/son
e)/xousa, to\ de\ loipo\n sw=ma u(po\ tw=| diafra/gmati.
th=s de\ koili/as
e)kpe/fuken e)/nteron kata\ ta\ decia\ ma=llon neneuko/s, th=| r(a/xei
ma/lista proskei/menon, o(\ kalei=tai pulwro/s: parape/mpei d' ei)s th\n
o)nomazome/nhn nh=stin th\n trofh/n, h(/ e)stin e)/ktosqen me\n ple/gma neu
rw=des, e)/ntosqen de\ kai\ sarkw=des au)th=| parame/miktai.
kei=tai d' u(po\
th\n no/qhn pleura\n th\n e)n a)risteroi=s me/xri th=s lago/nos parh/
kousan, keno\n d' e)/sti dia\ panto\s tou=to to\ e)/nteron, o(/qen kai\
nh=stis ke/klhtai.
tau/ths de\ th=s nh/stews to\ lepto\n e)/nteron e)kpe/
fuken, u(po\ to\n o)mfalo\n kei/menon e(/ligma, pa/nta sumplhrou=n to\n
to/pon.
lh/gei d' ei)s du/o te/lh, w(=n to\ me\n kalei=tai ko/lon kai\ ka/tw
koili/a, h(\n neiai/rhn *(/omhros
(
para\ to\ u(poxo/ndrion: a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ kola/zesqai kai\ ko/lasis kai\
kolasth/ria, dia\ to\ fe/rein to\ e)n au)tw=| pa/qos toi=s sw/masin o)cei/as
tina\s a)lghdo/nas.
to\ d' e(te/rwqen tw=| leptw=| e)nte/rw| lh/gonti suna/pton
o)noma/zetai tuflo\n e)/nteron, th=| me\n r(a/xei prosiza/non, kata\ de\ th\n
lago/na th\n decia\n kei/menon.
kai\ tw=| me\n ko/lw| to\ a)peuqusme/non
u(/pestin, a)rxo\s de\ ko/lou te/los katalh=gon ei)s to\n daktu/lion, th=|
o)sfu/i prospefuko/s.
o( de\ daktu/lios e)nte/rou me\n te/los, o(do\s de\
tw=n e)k koili/as perittw=n, ou(twsi\ me\n i)dei=n memukw/s, e)pi\ de\ plei=ston
a)noigo/menos, o(\n oi( me\n sfigkth=ra oi( de\ stefa/nhn kalou=sin.
to\ me/ntoi
mesente/rion e)/sti me\n u(mh\n e)k flebw=n kai\ neu/rwn sumplakei/s, ne
froi=s de\ kai\ koili/a| geitnia=|, th\n trofh\n a)nape/mpon ei)s to\ h(=par.
a)po\ d' e)nte/rou o)no/mata dusenteri/a para\ *pla/twni
(
`142 b et tim 86 a
kai\ e)nteriw/nh to\ e)nto\s tw=n r(a/bdwn, o(\ e)cai/rousin oi( boulo/menoi
kenw=sai th\n r(a/bdon ei)s su/rigga h)\ au)lo\n h)/ ti toiou=ton.
e)nteronei/an
de\ ta\ kalou/mena e)gkoi/lia tw=n new=n *)aristofa/nhs
(
masen.
e)k me\n dh\ tou= periferou=s th=s koili/as e)kpe/fuken, au)th/n
te kai\ me/ros tou= a)/llou e)nte/rou kalu/pton, to\ o)nomazo/menon e)pi/ploon:
o( d' a)po\ tw=n nefrw=n e)pi\ pa/nta ta\ e)/ntera sxizo/menos xitw\n peri
to/naion kalei=tai.
tou= d' h(/patos e)n toi=s decioi=s keime/nou kai\ to\ nearo\n
ai(=ma dia\ flebw=n e)k koili/as u(podexome/nou, ta\ me\n pro\s tai=s fresi\
kai\ tw=| peritonai/w| kurta/, ta\ de\ ka/twqen e)piyau/onta th=s gastro\s
sima\ o)noma/zetai.
to\ de\ me/giston e)/rgon h(/patos diakri=nai th\n
trofh\n ei)s ai(=ma kai\ xolh/n, kai\ th=s me\n a)ggei=o/n ti plhrw=sai, o(\ e)/gkei
tai tw=| megi/stw| lobw=| kai\ o(mwnu/mws tw=| u(p' au)tw=| u(grw=| kalei=tai
xolh/, to\ me\n steno\n au)xe/na kalou/menon e)/xousa, to\ de\ plh=res puqme/na.
a)po\ de\ xolh=s xola=n, melagxola=n, xolwqh=nai, e)pi/xolos, u(po/xolos,
xole/ra, xolhmesi/a, xolo/bafos, xolobafi/nh: ou(/tw ga\r e)pi\ tw=n
plasma/twn oi( *)attikoi\ th\n xrusoeidh= e)ka/lesan, w(s u(po/xolon to\n
melagxolw=nta.
kai\ a)kro/xolon de\ kai\ a)kroxolou=nta *pla/twn
(
v 731 dto\ d' ai(=ma dia\ flebw=n ei)s pa=n diaspei/retai to\
sw=ma.
a)po\ d' ai(/matos ai(ma/cai, ai(ma/sswn, ai(mathro/n, u(/faimon,
ai(matw=des, ai(=ma e)mw=n, ai(=ma sxa/sai to\ lu=sai fle/ba, "tw=| ke/ntrw|
e)caima/ssein," kai\ e)/naimon, kai\ e)naimw=des para\ *)antifw=nti
(
bikalei=tai de\ tou= h(/patos to\
me/n ti pu/lai, kaq' a(\s u(pode/xetai to\ ai(=ma, o(/per dia\ mia=s flebo\s ei)s
pa/sas ta\s fle/bas a)p' au)tw=n a)nape/mpetai: to\ de\ loboi\ h(pati/ai,
kaqa/per oi( tou= pneu/monos pneumoni/ai.
e)pi/keitai d' au)tw=| to\ dia/fragma, sugkei/menon e)k flebw=n, o(\
kai\ diafra/ttei a)po\ tou= h(/patos pneu/mona kai\ kardi/an.
ta\ d'
a)p' au)tou= o)no/mata fra/ttein, a)pofra/ttein, e)mfra/ttein, e)pifra/ttein,
fra/gma, fragmo/s.
tw=| de\ diafra/gmati h( gasth\r u(po/keitai, kai\
kalei=tai a)/nw koili/a.
u(pe/rkeitai d' au)tou= h( kardi/a, ko/lpous
e)/xousa ai(/mato/s te kai\ pneu/matos, w(=n to\ me\n e)kpe/mpei di' a)rthriw=n,
to\ de\ a)nape/mpei dia\ flebw=n.
oi( de\ ko/lpoi kalou=ntai koili/ai, h( me\n
a)ristera\ paxute/ra te kai\ pneu/matos ou)=sa a)/fesis, h( de\ decia\ lepto
te/ra me/n, e)pi\ mei/zonos de\ th=s eu)ruxwri/as, a)f' h(=s oi( tou= ai(/matos
o)xetoi\ fe/rontai.
kei=tai d' u(po\ masto\n a)ristero/n.
o)/noma d' a)p'
au)th=s eu)ka/rdios, kai\ kardiw/ttein: ou(/tw d' oi( *dwriei=s to\ para\
*cenofw=nti
(kalei=tai de/ tis kai\
perika/rdios u(mh/n, o( diafra/ttwn to\n qw/raka, o(\s kai\ xitw\n o)noma/
zetai.
h( me\n dh\ ba/sis th=s kardi/as kalei=tai kefalh/, to\ de\ prou=xon
o)cu\ puqmh/n, ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen koi=la w)=ta.
pro\s de\ th=| kefalh=| th=s
kardi/as o)/pisqen kata\ to\n e(/bdomon sfo/ndulon e)/sti tis sa\rc a)de/ni
e)oikui=a, h(\ kalei=tai qu/mos.
ei)/pois d' a)/n tinas kai\ traxei/as a)rth
ri/as ai(\ kei=ntai pro\ tou= stoma/xou, di' w(=n o( qw/rac a)nafusw/menos tw=|
pneu/mati kai\ suniza/nwn ei)s to\n pneu/mona a)naqli/betai.
o( de\ pneu/
mwn kei=tai me\n u(pe\r to\ dia/fragma, o(\ kalou=si kai\ fre/nas, w(/sper
tou\s e)n tai=s pleurai=s u(me/nas u(pezwko/tas: th=| de\ tou= qw/rakos
eu)ruxwri/a|, h(\ kalei=tai kena\ qw/rakos, o( pneu/mwn xrh=tai pro\s th\n
tou= pneu/matos e)kroh/n.
o)noma/zois d' a)\n a)p' au)tou= pnei=n, a)napnei=n,
a)popnei=n, e)kpnei=n, diapnei=n, pne/wn, a)popne/wn, e)kpne/wn, dia
pne/wn, diapneo/menos, pneu=ma, e)mpne/wn, e)mpnei=n, e)pipne/wn, e)pi
pnei=n, e)pi/pnous, eu)/pnous, katapneo/menos, a)napnoh/, peripneumoni/a,
du/spnoia, e)/mpnous, e)pi/pnoia, dia/pnoia.
peri\ me/ntoi th\n koili/an kata\ ta\ laia\ u(po\ to\ dia/fragma to\n
splh=na kei=sqai sumbe/bhken, o(\n o( *pla/twn
(
tou= h(/patos gegenh=sqai fhsi/n: a)/llhn ga\r ou)demi/an xrei/an pare/xetai.
kefalh\ d' au)tou= to\ paxu/taton o)noma/zetai.
le/getai de\ kai\ splhni/on.
o)/noma d' a)p' au)tou= to\ splhnia=n, o(/per e)sti\ to\n splh=na a)lgei=n.
h( de\ tw=n nefrw=n qe/sis, a)f' w(=n kai\ nefri=tis no/sos, u(po\ splhni\ kai\
h(/pati, kaq' e(te/ran th\n lago/na tw=n nefrw=n e(ka/teros kei/menos, kai\
to\ a)porre/on tou= sw/matos u(gro\n ei)s ku/stin dihqw=n.
h(/ ge mh\n ku/stis
kata\ th\n eu)ruxwri/an tw=n plate/wn o)stw=n keime/nh to\ u(gro\n e)f'
e(auth\n sulle/gei.
kai\ mh\n e)pi\ gunaikw=n me/son a)rxou= te kai\ ku/stews
kei=tai to\ mhtrw=|on xwri/on, o(\ mh/tran te kalou=si kai\ u(ste/ran
kai\ delfu/n, a)f' h(=s kai\ a)delfoi\ oi( e)n th=| au)th=| mh/tra| susta/ntes,
w(s a)/loxos para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
a)nabai/nousa kai\ a)/koitis
(
xousa.
*(ippokra/ths
(
kai\ gonh\n th\n mh/tran kalei=, e)n h(=| to/ t' e)/mbruon suni/statai kai\
tre/fetai kai\ to\ e)/mmhnon ai(=ma sunaqroi/zetai.
th=s de\ mh/tras ai(
e)pi\ ta\ a)/nw kai\ ta\ pla/gia e)kfu/seis kerai=ai kalou=ntai kai\ plekta/nai,
ta\ d' e(kate/rwqen w)=moi, kai\ to\ a)/kron au)xh\n h)\ tra/xhlos: ou(= sto/ma
o( prw=tos po/ros, to\ d' e)fech=s koi/lwma gunaikei=os ko/lpos.
du/o de\
dh\ peri\ tw=| e)mbru/w| xitw=nes ei)si/n, w(=n to\n me\n e)/ndoqen lepto/teron
o)/nta kai\ malakw/teron a)mni/on *)empedoklh=s
(
diels
o)noma/zetai, ou(= kai\ o( o)mfalo\s e)kpe/fuken.
kai\ *)antifw=n
(
tre/fetai, kalei=tai xo/rion." oi( de\ parape/mpontes e)c e(kate/rwn tw=n
nefrw=n to\ ou)=ron to/poi ou)ra/nai te kai\ ou)rhth=res kalou=ntai: h( de\
tragw|di/a
(ka
lei=tai de/ tis kai\ perito/naios u(mh/n, tw=| panti\ u(pogastri/w| sumpe
fukw/s, kai\ perieilhfw\s koili/an kai\ e)/ntera kai\ pa/nta to\n a)po\ dia
fra/gmatos to/pon me/xri e)pisi/ou.
kai\ mh\n e)/k ge tou= splhno\s e(/teros
u(mh\n tou= prote/rou lepto/teros e)kpefukw/s, u(po\ to\ perito/naion kei/
menos, ta\ u(po\ tw=| diafra/gmati perieilhfw/s, e)pi/plous o)noma/zetai:
*)antifw=n
(
kalei=.
i)atroi\ de\ kai\ a)de/nas tina\s kalou=sin: o)/gkoi d' ei)si\n e)n
me/sw| sarko\s kai\ pimelh=s sunista/menoi, ma/lista peri\ boubw=na/s te
kai\ masxa/las kai\ siago/nas kai\ mesente/rion, peri\ a(\ kai\ ai( xoira/des
suni/stantai.
tw=n de\ flebw=n h( koi/lh kaloume/nh megi/sth t' e)sti\
kai\ a)po\ kardi/as a)/rxetai, kai\ pa=sa tw=| h(/pati prospe/fuken, di' h(=s
a)po\ tou= h(/patos a)ne/lkei to\ ai(=ma h( kardi/a.
w(/sper kai\ tw=n a)rthriw=n
h(\ megi/sth kalei=tai, ou(/tw kai\ e)/sti, kai\ kei=tai kata\ th\n r(a/xin lamba/
nousa/ te to\ pneu=ma para\ kardi/as kai\ diaspei/rousa ei)s ta\s a)/llas
a)rthri/as, w(s ei)s pa=n diadi/dosqai to\ sw=ma.
su/gkeitai me\n dh\ o( pa=s a)/nqrwpos e)k yuxh=s te kai\ sw/matos,
kai\ e)/stin h( yuxh\ pneu=ma h)\ pu=r h)\ ai(=ma h)\ o(/ ti a)\n dokh=| toi=s sofoi=s,
me/rh d' au)th=s nou=s e)piqumi/a qumo/s.
kai\ o( me\n nou=s kai\ logismo\s
kai\ h(gemoniko/n, ei)/te peri\ e)gkefa/lw| kata\ *puqago/ran kai\ *pla/twna
(
polloi=s tw=n i)atrw=n dokei=, ei)/te kata\ to\ meso/fruon, w(s e)/lege
*stra/twn, ei)/te peri\ to\ ai(=ma, w(s *)empedoklh=s te kai\ *)aristote/lhs,
ei)/te peri\ th\n kardi/an, w(s h( *stoa/.
qumou= de\ to/pos a)/ntikrus h(
kardi/a, kaqa/per o( peri\ to\ h(=par to/pos e)piqumi/as.
kai\ a)po\ me\n
yuxh=s o)no/mata eu)/yuxos e)/myuxos a)/yuxos, eu)yu/xws e)myu/xws
a)yu/xws, yuxagwgi/a yuxagwgei=n, filo/yuxos filoyuxei=n, a)nayu/xwn
a)poyu/xwn parayu/xwn, parayuxh/.
a)po\ de\ nou= no/hsis, dia/noia,
peri/noia, eu)/noia, a)gxi/noia, e)pi/noia, e)/nnoia, u(po/noia, polu/noia,
a)po/noia, dixo/noia, meta/noia, para/noia, a)/noia, pro/noia: kaqw\s
*)antifw=n
(
(
dianoh/mata.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata noei=n, dianoei=sqai, perinoei=n, eu)noei=n:
to\ d' e)pinoei=n eu)tele/steron, kai\ to\ dixonoei=n: dixognwmei=n ga\r
kai\ stasia/zein kai\ diesta/nai kai\ e)cestasia/sqai kai\ a)perrh=xqai kai\
a)pesxi/sqai e)pi\ tou/tou w(s a)mei/nw le/gousin, u(ponoei=n me/ntoi kai\
metanoei=n kai\ paranoei=n.
to\ d' a)ponenoh=sqai faulo/teron,
pronoei=n de\ kai\ a)nohtai/nein.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata noh/mwn, dianohtiko\s
kai\ perinohtiko/s.
kai\ eu)/nous, kai\ eu)noi+ko\s w(s *)isai=os
(
a)gxi/nous, polu/nous, a)ponenohme/nos, du/snous, kako/nous, pronohtiko/s,
a)/nous, a)no/htos.
a)po\ de\ tw=n a)/llwn metoxai=s xrhste/on, *pla/twn
(ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata
eu)/nws, eu)noi+kw=s, eu)noi+kwte/rws w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
nws, a)noh/tws, a)gxi/nws, polu/nws, du/snws: ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn
biaio/tera.
a)po\ de\ qumou= qumou=sqai, qumou/menos, qumiko/s, qu
moeidh/s, a)/qumos, eu)/qumos, eu)qumi/a, a)qumi/a, a)qumw=n, a)qumou=sin w(s
*)antifw=n
(
w(s *)isai=os
(
o)cuqumi/as, kai\ w)cuqumh/qh par' *)aristofa/nei
(ta/xa
de\ kai\ to\ eu)qumei=sqai, kai\ o)cuqu/mia ta\ kaqa/rmata.
e)nqumi/an
(
menoi ta\s e)n tai=s ma/xais sumfora/s." kai\ e)nqumh/mata de\ par' *)isokra/
tei
(a)po\ d' e)piqumi/as e)piqumei=n, e)piqumw=n, e)piqumhtiko/s,
e)piqumhtikw=s, e)piqumhth/s, kai\ e)piqu/mhma w(s para\ *pla/twni
(
to\ de\ sw=ma su/gkeitai e)c o)stw=n, xo/ndrwn, muelou=, sarkw=n, pi
melh=s, de/rmatos, neu/rwn, a)rthriw=n, flebw=n, u(me/nwn, mhni/ggwn.
kai\
e)/sti ta\ me\n o)sta= sth/rigges tou= sw/matos stereai\ kai\ a)nai/sqhtoi
kai\ a)/naimoi, kinh/sews u(phre/tides.
o)no/mata d' a)p' au)tw=n o)stw/dhs
kai\ a)no/steos, o)ste/inos kai\ to\ *)attikw/teron o)/stinos: h( de\ ne/a
kwmw|di/a
(
o( de\ xo/ndros sugkei/menos e)k neu/rwn te kai\ o)stw=n, kai\ e(kate/rw|
tou/twn e)k me/rous proseoikw/s, ma/lista dokei= ei)=nai tw=n o)stw=n te/los.
ai( de\ sa/rkes e)pi/blhma malako\n liparo/n, e)pibeblhme/non toi=s o)stoi=s
ka/llous te kai\ ske/phs ei(/neka: a)f' w(=n o)noma/zetai eu)/sarkos eu)sarki/a,
polu/sarkos polusarki/a.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
"w(s ou)x e(/teron a)/ndra sa/rkinon," *eu)/polis
(
"sarki/nh gunh/," *(hro/dotos
(
th\n sa/rka a)felei=n.
h( de\ pimelh\ leukh\ me/n e)sti th\n xro/an,
prospe/fuke de\ th=| sarki/, kai\ kalei=tai ste/ar, suni/statai de\ peri\ tou\s
u(me/nas ma/lista.
kai\ fai/hs a)\n a)p' au)th=s pimelw/dhs, peripi/melos.
neu=ra d' e)sti\ su/ndesmos o)stw=n ei)/kwn te kai\ teino/menos, a)f' w(=n kai\
ai( neurai\ ke/klhntai.
tamieu/ousi de\ ma/lista ta\s kw/lwn ka/myeis te
kai\ e)kta/seis kai\ ta\s tw=n a)/rqrwn sugkampa/s.
o(/qen kai\ to\ i)sxu/ein
neu=ra e)/xein le/gousi, kai\ ta\ xrh/mata neu=ra tw=n pragma/twn *dh
mosqe/nhs
(
"e)kneneurisme/noi kai\ perih|rhme/noi xrh/mata kai\ summa/xous." *qeo/
pompos d' o( kwmiko\s
(
a)/pnous, a)/neuros, a)sqenh/s, a)ne/ntatos.
muelo\s d' e)sti\n o)stw=n plh/rwma leuko\n u(pe/ruqron, mh/nigcin a)mpe
xo/menon.
ai( de\ mh/nigges e)k neu/rwn kai\ u(me/nwn sumplakei=sai to/n
te peri\ e)gkefa/lw| kai\ paregkefali/di muelo\n kai\ to\n dia\ sfondu/lwn
perie/xousin.
a)rthri/ai d' ei)si\n o(doi\ pneu/matos w(s fle/bes ai(/matos.
a)po\ de\ tou= de/rmatos o)no/mata dora/, de/ris, de/rh kai\ deira\ dia\
to\ e)kei=qen ta\ zw=|a gumnou=sqai th=s dora=s.
prosh/koi d' a)\n de/rmati
kai\ tau=ta, u(poderi/s, perideri/s, de/raion, peride/raion, deira/des.
koinh=| d' a)po\ sw/matos o)no/mata a)sw/matos, filosw/matos, eu)sw/
matos, filoswmati/a, eu)swmati/a, polusw/matos, dou=la sw/mata, sw/
mata oi)kei=a, swmaski/a, seswmaskhkw/s, swmatofu/lakes, swma
toeide/s, swma/tion h( tw=n u(pokritw=n skeuh/.
ai( toi/nun ai)sqh/seis pe/nte me/n ei)sin, ou)k e)n e(ni\ de\ to/pw|,
a)ll' h( me\n o)/sfrhsis peri\ ta\s r(i=nas e)ceta/zetai, h( d' o)/yis peri\
tou\s o)fqalmou\s fanta/zetai, h( d' a)koh\ peri\ ta\ w)=ta e)ndiaita=tai,
h( de\ geu=sis peri\ th\n glw=ttan ei)/lhtai, h( d' a(fh\ peri\ o(/lon to\
sw=ma politeu/etai.
a)po\ de\ th=s ai)sqh/sews o)no/mata ai)sqhto/n
a)nai/sqhton, ai)sqhtiko/s, a)nai/sqhtos, a)naisqh/tws, kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
menon.
kai\ ai)sqhtika\ maqh/mata.
to\ d' e)/rgon ai)sqa/nesqai.
to\ d'
e)nanti/on th=| ai)sqh/sei o)/noma a)naisqhsi/a.
*)iou/lios *poludeu/khs *kommo/dw| *kai/sari xai/rein ...
oi(=s mh\n
tw=n o)noma/twn oi( do/kimoi th\n glw=ttan ke/xrhntai, tau=ta par'
au)tw=n labw/n, ei) me\n plei/ous h)=san oi( xrhsa/menoi, to\ mhde\n e)pi
shmh/nasqai peri\ tw=n ei)po/ntwn w)|h/qhn a)parkei=n, e)latto/nwn d' o)/ntwn
e(/na to\n kallifwno/taton au)tw=n e)peleca/mhn, w(/sper e)n tai=s di/kais
ei(=s a)cio/xrews a)nti\ pollw=n martu/rwn a)rkei=.
e)/rrwso ku/rie.
*(epo/menon d' a)\n ei)/h tw=| peri\ a)nqrw/pou lo/gw| dielei=n ge/nos te
kai\ sugge/neian, kai\ oi(=s a)\n e(ka/teron tou/twn o)noma/zoito toi=s o)no/
masin.
ou(/tw me\n ga\r a)kou=sai pa/ntes oi(/ te prosh/kontes h(mi=n e)c
oi)keio/thtos kalou=ntai suggenei=s, kai\ *zeu/s tis sugge/neios o( ta\ th=s
suggenei/as di/kaia e)forw=n par' *eu)ripi/dh|
(diakrite/on d'
au)tou\s tw=| tou\s me\n a)po\ ge/nous h(mi=n o)noma/zesqai, pro\s ge/nous te
kai\ pro\s ai(/matos, kai\ e)n ge/nei kai\ e)n ai(/mati, kai\ oi)kei/ous kai\
a)nagkai/ous kai\ qew=n o(mogni/wn koinwnou\s kai\ th=s au)th=s e(sti/as met
o/xous, ge/nos d' ei)=nai to\ fu/sei proso/n, ou) to\ no/mw| prosio/n, oi(=on
gone/as ui(ei=s a)delfou\s kai\ tou\s pro\ tou/twn kai\ tou\s e)k tou/twn,
e)f' w(=n kai\ h( genea\ ta/ttetai_*)isai=os
(
ei)/rhken, "e)k th=s *)anaci/wnos ge/nnhs kai\ *poluara/tou o)/nta"_
sugge/neian de\ to\ no/mw| prosgino/menon, ou) to\ e)k fu/sews u(pa/rxon,
oi(=on gambrou\s penqerou/s, kai\ o(/soi th\n oi)keio/thta th\n pro\s h(ma=s
e)k sunqh/khs a)ll' ou)k e)c a)na/gkhs e)/xousin.
to\ me\n ga\r ge/nos
h(mi=n o(mou= th=| gene/sei su/nesti kai\ ou)k e)/stin o(/te pau/setai, h( de\ sug
ge/neia kairw=| t' a)/rxetai kai\ no/mw| pau/etai.
no/mw| ga\r w(/sper
suni/statai ga/mos, ou(/tw kai\ lu/etai.
luqe/ntos ga\r a(/pac tou= ga/mou
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata ta\ dia\ to\n ga/mon sunape/rxetai.
diake/krike d'
au)ta\ safw=s *(/omhros
(q
h)/ ti/s toi kai\ pho\s a)pe/fqito *)ilio/qi pro\
e)sqlo\s e)w/n, gambro\s h)\ penqero/s; oi(/ te ma/lista
khdestoi\ tele/qousi meq' ai(=ma/ te kai\ ge/nos au)tw=n.
tou/tous de\ proskhdei=s *(hro/dotos
(
pro/teron
ou)=n peri\ tou= ge/nous, ei)=ta peri\ th=s suggenei/as ou(/tw r(hte/on.
to\ me\n ou)=n koino\n ei)pei=n, gonei=s, tokei=s, oi( gennh/santes, oi(
spei/rantes, oi( poih/santes, oi( teko/ntes, oi( proagago/ntes ei)s fw=s, oi(
qre/yantes, oi( pate/res_tou=to ga\r ou) kata\ tou= gennh/santos mo/non
a)lla\ kai\ kata\ tw=n a)/nw progo/nwn fe/retai_to\ de\ kaq' e(/kaston
path/r, goneu/s, tokeu/s, o( spei/ras, o( fu/sas, o( gennh/sas, o( fu
teu/sas, o( poih/sas, o( geina/menos, kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
o( gennh/twr.
o( d' au)to\s e)pi\ tou/tou kai\ gennhth\s e)/fh
(
`869 b
gennhta\s e)ka/loun tou\s tou= au)tou= ge/nous mete/xontas, ta\ de\ ge/nh
tau=ta kai\ e)/qnh w)no/mazon.
e)rei=s de\ kai\ o( a)naqreya/menos, o(
e)kqreya/menos, o( e)kqre/yas, o( qre/yas, o( proagagw\n ei)s fw=s,
o( dei/cas to\n h(/lion: kai\ polla\ d' a)/n tis a)/lla du/naito ei)pei=n lo/gw|
kai\ ou)k o)no/mati.
h( de\ dia\ tou/twn kth=sis patrw/|a, patrikh/,
pa/trios, progonikh/, kai\ i(era\ patrw=|a kai\ pa/tria kai\ patrika\
kai\ progonika/.
kai\ patria/zein de\ e)/legon *)aqhnai=oi to\ pra/ttein ti
e)k tw=n patri/wn e)qw=n, kai\ pa/trion ste/fanon to\n tou= qallou=: kai\
patro/qen tina\ kalei=n le/gousin.
o(moi/ws de\ mh/thr h( tekou=sa, h( w)di/
nasa, h( gennhsame/nh o( *pla/twn
(
*sofoklh=s
(
o(/sa e)pi\ pate/rwn ei)s to\ qh=lu sxhmatisqe/nta.
w(sau/tws kai\ kth=sis
mhtrw/|a kai\ mhtrikh/, kai\ ta)=lla kata\ tau)ta\ toi=s patra/sin.
e)le/geto de/ ti kai\ mhtrw=|on *)aqh/nhsi, to\ th=s *frugi/as qeou= i(ero/n:
kai\ mhtria/zein to\ au)th=| telei=n h)\ e)p' au)th=| a)gei/rein, kai\ mhtra
gu/rths o( telesth/s.
oi( d' e)k tou/twn pai=des, te/kna, futeu/mata, gennh/mata, poih/mata,
e)/kgonoi, a)po/gonoi, dia/doxoi, klhrono/moi, xeiragwgoi/, nosoko/moi,
ghrotro/foi, trofei=s, tafei=s, "sthri/gmata oi)/kou" h)\ bi/ou, e)pi/
kouroi a)nagkai=oi, bohqoi/, su/mmaxoi, proagwnistai/, sunagwnistai/.
tau=ta me\n koina/, i)/dia de\ e)pi\ me\n a)rre/nwn ui(oi/, ui(ei=s, e)pi\ de\ qhleiw=n
qugate/res.
kai\ mh\n oi(/ ge peri\ tou\s gone/as e)camarto/ntes patra
loi/as h)\ mhtraloi/as e(ka/teros au)tw=n kalei=tai: *)isai=os
(
de\ kai\ patrotu/ptas le/gei, *pla/twn
(
fo/non kai\ mhtrokto/non," *sofoklh=s
(
o( ga\r patrofo/nths kai\ mhtrofo/nths poihtiko\n e)sxa/tws.
ei)/h
d' a)\n e)k tou/twn paidopoii/a, teknopoii/a, paidotrofi/a, poih/sasqai
pai=das, a)nele/sqai pai=das, filo/pais, a)/teknos, a)/pais, filo/teknos,
miso/pais, filotekni/a, misotekni/a, miso/teknos, kai\ para\ *krati/nw|
(
eu)tekni/a, a)tekni/a, a)paidi/a, polupaidi/a, polutekni/a, eu)paidi/a.
*pla/twn
(
poii/an kai\ paidogoni/an kai\ paidourgi/an ei)/rhken: e)n de\ toi=s
*no/mois
(
dopoih/sews." to\n d' a)/paida a)genh= *)isai=os
(
h( de\ mh\ ti/ktousa kalei=tai steri/fh: h( ga\r a)/tokos koino\n pro\s th\n
mhke/ti ti/ktousan h)\ mh/pw tekou=san, h(\n kai\ a)neilei/quian fi/lon
toi=s poihtai=s
(*pla/twn
(
th\n parqe/non, w(s ou)/pw loxeuqei=san, a)/loxon kalei=.
*(/omhros
(k
kai\ tau=ta me\n ei)s a)/llhla a)nastre/fei, w(/sper paisi\ pate/res
te kai\ mhte/res, ou(/tw pai=des goneu=sin.
kalei=tai d' o( me\n patro\s
h)\ mhtro\s path\r pa/ppos, kai\ meta\ prosqh/khs pa/ppos e)k pa
tro\s, pa/ppos e)k mhtro/s, h)\ pa/ppos a)p' a)ndrw=n h)\ pa/ppos e)k
gunaikw=n: a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ pappa/zein para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
e)/cesti de\ xrh=sqai kai\ tw=| mhtropa/twr te kai\ patropa/twr, ka)\n h)=|
poihtikw/tera th\n su/nqesin: h)\ ma=llon dialu/ein patro\s path\r h)\ mhtro\s
path/r.
tou=ton d' *eu)ripi/dhs
(
tai de\ kai\ ne/nnos para\ toi=s poihtai=s.
h( de\ patro\s h)\ mhtro\s
mh/thr th/qh: th\n ga\r ma/mmhn kai\ mai=an e)pi\ tau/ths paralhpte/on,
*pi/ndaros
(kai\ a)nastre/yasin o(
me\n ui(ou= ui(o\s ui(wno/s te kai\ ui(idou=s pa/ppw| te kai\ th/qh| le/getai,
h( d' ui(ou= quga/thr a)mfote/rois ui(idh=, o( de\ qugatro\s ui(o\s qugatridou=s,
w(/sper h( qugatro\s quga/thr qugatridh=.
o( de\ pa/ppou h)\ th/qhs
path\r pro/pappos, w(s *)isokra/ths
(
tritopa/tora *)aristote/lhs
(
tw=| *zwpu/rw| kai\ a)belteri/an ei)/rhke propappikh/n.
h( de\ pa/ppou h)\
th/qhs mh/thr proth/qh, kai\ oi( tou/twn gonei=s e)pi/pappo/s te kai\ e)pith/qh.
ta\ de\ a)nti/strofa tou/tois o)no/mata e)/kgono/s te kai\ a)po/gonos.
me/xri me\n dh\ tou/twn ei)s o)noma/twn dh/lwsin a)nabai/nei te
kai\ katabai/nei to\ ge/nos.
ou) ga\r prosi/emai to\ pappepi/pappos, ei)
kai/ tines tou=to to\n tou= pa/ppou pa/ppon w)no/masan, a)ll' e)sti\
tou)/noma deinw=s i)diwtiko/n: kai/toi *filwni/dhs
(?
_*nikofw=n
(?
nuni\ de\ *kro/nou kai\ *tiqwnou= pappepi/pappos neno/mistai.
ta\ d' a)po\ tou/twn oi( me\n pro/gonoi kai\ a)rxhgoi\ ge/nous kai\ a)rxhge/tai
kai\ oi( a)/nw pate/res, kai\ qrasu/teron r(i/zai tou= ge/nous, phgai\ tou= ge/nous.
kalou=ntai d' ou(=toi kai\ propa/tores: e)/nioi d' au)tou\s kai\ gena/rxas kalou=si
kai\ pa/trwas.
oi( de\ ka/tw katabai/nontes a)po/gonoi kai\ e)/kgonoi:
o( ga\r i)=nis kai\ ke/lwr sfo/dra poihtika/, kai\ e)/ti ma=llon oi( a)/mnamoi.
kaloi=to d' a)\n ui(o\s a)gaphto\s o( mo/nos w)\n patri\ h)\ mhtri/, w(/sper kai\
a)gaphth\ quga/thr h( monogenh\s kaq' *(hsi/odon
(kai\
kata\ tou\s pollou\s poihta\s thlu/getos ei)/te o( a)gaphto\s ei)/te o(
o)yi/gonos, o(po/te tini\ pro\s tw=| gh/ra| pai=s ge/noito_kai\ thluge/th
quga/thr
(*g
turei=: ou(/tws ga\r ou) to\n monogenh= thlu/geton le/gei
(*g
w(/ste g' ei)/rhken
(
o(/s moi thlu/getos tre/fetai qali/h| e)ni\ pollh=|,
e)/nioi de\ kai\ thqalladou=n tou=ton oi)/ontai kalei=sqai: e)/sti de\ kuri/ws
o( u(po\ th/qhs trafei\s kai\ dia\ tou=to w)\n u(gro/teros, o(\n oi( nu=n
mammo/qrepton le/gousin.
parqeni/as d' o(/n tis e)k th=s dokou/shs
ei)=nai parqe/nou, ou) no/mw| sunoikh/sas, e)poih/sato, kai\ sko/tios o(\n
e)ge/nnhse/ tis laqw\n h)\ e)/teke/ tis laqou=sa: *eu)/boulos
(
de\ o( kwmiko\s to\ laqri/dion ge/nnhma proana/surma parqe/nou kata
gela/stws w)no/masen.
kai\ gnh/sios me\n o( e)k gunaiko\s a)sth=s kai\
gameth=s_o( d' au)to\s kai\ i)qagenh/s_no/qos d' o( e)k ce/nhs h)\
pallaki/dos: u(p' e)ni/wn de\ kalei=tai mhtro/cenos.
ta\ de\ xrh/mata
ta\ toi=s no/qois dido/mena noqei=a *)aristofa/nhs
(
ei)spoihto\s de\ kai\ qeto/s, o(/n tis ou) gennh/sas a)ll' e(lo/menos e)pi\ toi=s
xrh/masin e)poih/sato, w(/sper kai\ e)kpoihto\s o( u(po\ patro\s doqei\s
ei)s ge/nos a)/llhs oi)ki/as.
o( de\ patro\s a)delfo\s qei=os h)\ a)delfo/qeos h)\ patra/delfos
h)\ pa/trws, o( de\ mhtro\s a)delfo\s qei=os h)\ mhtra/delfos h)\ mh/trws
h)\ ne/nnos: h( de\ patro\s a)delfh\ qei/a h)\ patra/delfos, h( de\
mhtro\s a)delfh\ qei/a h)\ mhtra/delfos h)\ thqi/s.
o( d' a)delfou=
h)\ a)delfh=s ui(o\s a)delfidou=s, kai\ h( a)delfou= h)\ a)delfh=s quga/
thr a)delfidh=.
a)delfoi\ d' oi( me\n e)k tau)tou= patro\s o(mopa/trioi
kai\ o(mopa/tores, oi( d' e)k th=s au)th=s mhtro\s o(momh/trioi kai\ o(mo
mh/tores: kai\ o(moga/laktas de\ tou/tous kai\ o(moga/storas kai\ o(mo
gastri/ous o)nomaste/on, kai\ o(mogni/ous kai\ o(mogo/nous.
ou(/tw de\
kai\ tou\s didu/mous w)no/mazon, w(/sper kai\ o(mo/paidas: *pla/twn
(oi( ga\r su/naimoi kai\
o(mai/mones, to\ me\n i)diwtw=n to\ de\ poihtw=n.
a)ll' oi( me\n e)k mo/nou
patro\s a)delfoi\ diafo/rwn d' o)/ntes mhte/rwn a)mfimh/tores, ei)
d' ei)=en e)k diafo/rwn pate/rwn, e)k me/ntoi mia=s mhtro/s, a)mfi
pa/tores: ei) ga\r kai\ mh\ eu(=ron tou)/noma, a)ll' a)p' e)kei/nou kai\ tou=to
e)gkri/nw.
e)/nioi de\ tou\s e)c e(kate/rwqen a)delfou\s au)tade/lfous
kalei=sqai nomi/zousin.
o( de\ presbu/teros a)delfo\s u(po\ tou= new
te/rou h)qei=os kalei=tai.
to\ d' a)delfo/n tina kalei=n a)delfi/zein *)iso
kra/ths
(kai\ a)delfa\s e)piqumi/as.
*kalli/as
(
`22 ko
a)delfeokto/non w)no/mase: to\n d' ou)k e)/xonta a)delfo\n a)na/delfon o(
*cenofw=n
(oi( me\n dh\ su/nduo gennhqe/ntes di/dumoi
kalou=ntai: ei) d' e)k diafo/rwn tine\s mhte/rwn ei)=en, e)pi/gonos a)\n
o( deu/teros tw=| prote/rw| o)noma/zoito.
o(/tw| d' oi( gonei=s a)mfo/teroi
peri/eisin, ou(=tos a)mfiqalh\s o)noma/zetai.
o( d' ou)k e)/xwn pai=das
a)/pais h)\ a)/teknos, w(/sper o( ou)k e)/xwn mhte/ra a)mh/twr, kaqa/per h(
*)aqhna=, kai\ o( ou)k e)/xwn pate/ra a)pa/twr, w(s o( *(/hfaistos.
kaloi=nto
d' a)\n ou(/tw kai\ oi( a)pobeblhko/tes pate/ras h)\ mhte/ras: ou(=toi de\ kai\
o)rfanoi/.
kai\ h( me\n e)pigamhqei=sa paidi\ progennhqe/nti e)c e(te/ras
mhtruia/, o( de\ tou= deute/rou ga/mou progennhqei\s pro/gonos, w(/sper
ei) kai\ gunai=ka/ tis a)ga/goito e)/xousan ui(o\n h)\ qugate/ra e)k prote/rou
ga/mou, kai\ tou/tw| pro/gonos o( pai=s te kai\ h( pai=s, w(/sper ou(=tos
e)kei/nois e)pipa/twr: be/ltion ga\r tou)/noma tou= patrwou=, ei) kai\ *kerki
da=s
(tou=ton d' *(uperei/dhs *patro
kle/ous e)pi\ proagwgei/a|
(
kai\ *qeo/pompos o( kwmiko\s e)n *ei)rh/nh|
(tou)/noma
me/ntoi o( pro/gonos e)/sti me\n kai\ para\ *deina/rxw|
(
ma/zetai de\ kai\ para\ *stra/ttidi
(
*(uperei/dh| "e)ce/dwke th\n pro/gonon th\n au(tou=," e)n tw=| pro\s *)apel
lai=on peri\ qhsaurou=
(pa/lin toi/nun a)delfw=n pai=des
a)neyioi/, ei)/t' e)k patrade/lfwn ei)=en ei)/t' e)k mhtrade/lfwn, kai\
ei)/t' e)c a)delfou= h)\ a)delfh=s, ei)/t' e)k duoi=n a)rre/nwn a)delfw=n,
ei)/t' e)k duoi=n qhleiw=n a)delfw=n: kata\ tau=ta de\ kai\ ai( qh/leiai
a)neyiai/.
oi( me/ntoi au)tane/yioi ou)de\n ple/on tw=n a)neyiw=n, a)ll'
a)/ntikrus tau)to/n.
*dhmosqe/nhs
(
ei)/rhke, kai\ *so/lwn.
oi(/ ge mh\n e)k tw=n a)neyiw=n fu/ntes a)llh/lois
a)neyiadoi=, a)/n t' e)k du/o qhleiw=n a)neyiw=n w)=sin, a)/n t' e)k du/o a)r
re/nwn, a)/n t' e)k qhlei/as te kai\ a)/rrenos, a)/n t' au)toi\ du/o a)/rrenes
w)=sin, a)/n te qh/leia kai\ a)/rrhn, o( me\n a)neyiadou=s h( d' a)neyiadh=:
a)\n de\ du/o qh/leiai, a)/mfw a)neyiadai=.
oi( d' e)k tw=n a)neyiadw=n
a)llh/lois e)cane/yioi/ te kai\ e)cane/yiai.
tou/tw| de\ tw=| o)no/mati ou) pa/nu
tetrimme/nw| ke/xrhtai *me/nandros
(
xrhste/on w(s ou)k a)kribw=s *(ellhnikw=|, e)pi\ de\ tw=n a)katonoma/stwn
pisteute/on: w(=n ga\r genw=n h)\ pragma/twn h)\ kthma/twn o)no/mata
par' a)/llois ou)k e)/sti, tau=ta a)gaphto\n a)\n ei)/h kai\ para\ tou/tou
labei=n.
kai\ tau=ta me\n e)k tou= ge/nous ta\ o)no/mata, e)k de\ th=s sug
genei/as koino\n me\n oi)kei=os, o(mogenh/s, kai\ suggenh/s, ka)\n qh/leia
h)=|: h( ga\r suggeni\s e)sxa/tws ba/rbaron.
kai\ khdestai\ me\n a)llh/lois
e(kate/rwqen oi( to\ kh=dos suna/yantes, kai\ phoi\ kata\ tou\s poihta/s
(
g 163
kata\ *qoukudi/dhn
(
khdeu/mata kata\ *pla/twna
(kai\ promnh/striai me\n ai(
suna/gousai to\n ga/mon._*sikeliw=tai
(
au)ta\s kalou=si promuqiktri/as, oi( d' *)attikoi\ kai\ mnh/strian th\n
promnh/strian o)noma/zousin_gambroi\ d' oi( e)k th=s tou= gh/
mantos oi)ki/as, oi(=on path\r kai\ mh/thr kai\ oi( a)/lloi pa/ntes kata\
tau)ta\ oi( pro\s ge/nous tw=| a)ndri/, penqeroi\ d' a)na/palin oi( th=| ghma
me/nh| prosh/kontes, ei) kai\ sugkexu/kasin oi( poihtai\ ta\ o)no/mata, th\n
xrh=sin metabalo/ntes: *sapfw\
(
au)to\n gambro\n kalei=.
h( me\n ou)=n ghmame/nh nu/mfh kalei=tai tw=|
tou= gh/mantos patri\ kai\ th=| mhtri\ kai\ nuo/s, ou(=toi de\ th=| nu/mfh| e(kuro\s
kai\ e(kura/.
h( de\ tou= a)ndro\s a)delfh\ th=| e)kei/nou gunaiki\ ga/lws, o(
de\ tou= gh/mantos a)delfo\s dah/r.
ai( d' a)delfoi=s du/o sunoikou=sai
ei)na/teres, oi( d' a)delfa\s gh/mantes o(mo/gambroi h)\ su/ggambroi h)\
ma=llon sugkhdestai/, kai\ para\ toi=s poihtai=s ei)li/ones.
kai\ h( me\n e)pi\ panti\ tw=| klh/rw| trefome/nh mo/nh quga/thr e)pi/
klhros, perio/ntos te tou= patro\s kai\ a)poqano/ntos: e)ka/lesan de/ tines
(
klhri=tin, w(/sper kai\ *so/lwn.
o( de\ tau/th| prosh/kwn kata\ ge/nos a)gxisteu/s.
e)pi/dikos d' h( e)pi/klhros, u(pe\r h(=s a)mfisbhtou=si/ tines a)llh/lois w(s
ma=llon ei)s au)tou\s th=s a)gxistei/as kaqhkou/shs: a)nepi/dikos d' h(=s ou)k
h)mfisbh/thsa/n tines.
h( me/ntoi klh=ron ou)k e)/xousa patrw=|on qh=ssa
kalei=tai, h(\n o( a)gxisteu\s e)kdi/dwsin, a)\n e(te/ra| sunoikh=|, h)\ pa/ntws
gamei=.
o( me\n ou)=n a)nh\r th=| gunaiki\ pro\ tou= gh=mai mnhsth\r kai\ mnw/
menos, kai\ to\ e)/rgon mnhstei/a kai\ mnhsteu/sasqai, kai\ mnhsth\ h( nu/mfh,
w(s *(/omhros
(a
e)gguhth\n a)\n ei)/pois, kai\ to\ pra=gma e)ggu/hn kai\ to\ r(h=ma e)gguh/sasqai
kai\ e)gguh=sai_*lukou=rgos
(
gua=n ei)=pen_kai\ to\n ga/mon u(pe/gguon, w(/sper to\n e)nanti/on
a)ne/gguon.
o( de\ penqero\s e)ggua=|, a(rmo/zei, o(/qen tine\s tw=n pa
laiw=n kai\ a(rmosth\n to\n mnhsth=ra e)ka/lesan, e)kdi/dwsi: kai\ to\
pra=gma e)/kdosis, kai\ h( mh\ e)kdoqei=sa a)ne/kdotos, kai\ to\ suneisenegkei=n
ei)s th\n e)/kdosin sunekdou=nai.
e)pi\ de\ tw=| ga/mw| o( me\n th=| ko/rh|
numfi/os, h( d' e)kei/nw| nu/mfh.
kai\ h( me\n su\n proiki\ e)pi/proikos, h(
de\ a)xrh/matos a)/proikos.
le/gois d' a)\n proi=ka kai\ fernh\n th\n para\
th=s gunaiko\s do/sin_*ai)sxi/nhs ga\r o( r(h/twr
(
fernh\n kalei=_w(/st' ei)/pois a)\n ei)sene/gkasqai proi=ka kai\ pro
sene/gkasqai kai\ dou=nai.
ai( de\ pro\s th\n proi=ka u(poqh=kai
a)potimh/mata.
ta\ de\ para\ tou= a)ndro\s dido/mena dw=ra e(/dna
kai\ o)pth/ria kai\ a)nakalupth/ria: ou) ga\r mo/non h( h(me/ra e)n h(=| e)kka
lu/ptei th\n nu/mfhn ou(/tw kaloi=t' a)/n, a)lla\ kai\ ta\ e)p' au)th=| dw=ra.
ta\ de\ a)nakalupth/ria kai\ prosfqegkth/ria e)ka/loun.
kai\ "diaparqe/nia
de\ dw=ra" ta\ u(pe\r tou= th\n parqeni/an a)fele/sqai w)no/masen *)/amfis
o( kwmiko/s
(th\n me/ntoi ou) labou=san e(/dna o)no
ma/sais a)\n a)na/ednon *(omhrikw=s
(kai\ o( me\n to/pos tou=
ga/mou qa/lamos, w(/sper i(/na e)tre/feto parqenw/n, kai\ to\ e)/rgon par
qeneu/esqai.
kai\ to\ e)pi/blhma th=s gunaiko\s e(ano\s kai\ kalu/ptra,
to\ de\ para\ th=| eu)nh=| parape/tasma pasto/s.
to\ d' a)=|sma to\ gamh/lion
u(mh\n kai\ u(me/naios, o(/qen kai\ para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
a)nume/naios h( a)/gamos, kai\ u(menaiw=sai to\ to\n u(me/naion a)=|sai: kai\ to\
au)/lhma gamh/lion.
u(/peron de\ e)ce/doun pro\ tou= qala/mou, w(/sper
kai\ ko/skinon h( pai=s e)/feren, shmei=a, w(s ei)ko/s, au)tourgi/as.
kai\ to\
me\n e)/rgon o(mou= kai\ h( e(orth\ ga/mos, h( de\ pro\ ga/mou qusi/a pro
te/leia kai\ proga/mia: ou(/tw d' a)\n kaloi=to kai\ ta\ pro\ ga/mou dw=ra.
protelei=sqai d' e)le/gonto ou) mo/non ai( nu/mfai a)lla\ kai\ oi( numfi/oi,
kai\ te/los o( ga/mos e)kalei=to, kai\ te/leioi oi( gegamhko/tes.
dia\ tou=to
kai\ *(/hra telei/a h( suzugi/a: tau/th| ga\r toi=s protelei/ois proute/lizon
ta\s ko/ras, kai\ *)arte/midi kai\ *moi/rais.
kai\ th=s ko/mhs de\ to/te
a)ph/rxonto tai=s qeai=s ai( ko/rai.
h( d' e)k parqeni/as tini\ ghmame/nh prw
to/posis e)kalei=to: ge/graptai de\ tou)/noma e)n tw=| tou= basile/ws no/mw|:
kai\ prwto/peiron d' w)no/mase *qeo/pompos o( kwmiko/s
(
proauli/a d' h( pro\ tw=n ga/mwn h(me/ra, kai\ h( meta\ to\n ga/mon e)pauli/a.
a)pauli/a d' e)n h(=| o( numfi/os ei)s tou= penqerou= a)pauli/zetai a)po\ th=s
nu/mfhs.
oi( de\ kai\ ta\ dido/mena dw=ra th=| nu/mfh| kalou=sin e)pau/lia.
h( d' a)paulisthri/a xlani\s a)po\ th=s nu/mfhs e)n toi=s a)pauli/ois tw=|
numfi/w| pe/mpetai.
kai\ tw=| me\n numfi/w| to/te e)n tou= penqerou=
paidi/on a)mfiqale\s qh=lu sugkatakli/netai, th=| de\ nu/mfh| e)n tou=
gambrou= a)/rren.
o( de\ kalou/menos para/numfos numfeuth\s o)no
ma/zetai kai\ pa/roxos: e)pi\ zeu/gous ga\r ta\s nu/mfas w(s to\ polu\
meth/|esan: ei) de\ pezh\ a)fi/koito h( nu/mfh, xamai/pous e)le/geto.
o( d'
a)/gwn th\n nu/mfhn e)k th=s tou= patro\s oi)ki/as numfagwgo/s, o(po/te
mh\ o( numfi/os meti/oi: ou) neno/misto de\ metie/nai tou\s deutero
gamou=ntas.
h( de\ dioikoume/nh ta\ peri\ to\n ga/mon gunh\ numfeu/tria
kai\ qalameu/tria, h( de\ ta\ pe/mmata ma/ttousa kai\ ta\ peri\ ta\s qusi/as
dioikoume/nh dhmiourgo/s, o( de\ pa/ntwn tw=n peri\ th\n e(sti/asin e)pi
melou/menos trapezopoio/s.
h( de\ trofo\s th=s ko/rhs titqh\ kai\ mai=a.
kalei=tai de/ tis tw=n tou= numfi/ou fi/lwn kai\ qurwro/s, o(\s tai=s qu/rais
e)festhkw\s ei)/rgei ta\s gunai=kas th=| nu/mfh| bow/sh| bohqei=n.
h( d'
e)pi\ ga/mw| qusi/a e)n toi=s fra/torsi gamhli/a, kai\ to\ e)/rgon gamhli/an
ei)senegkei=n.
to\ de\ th=s parqe/nou parqeni/an a)fele/sqai
diakoreu=sai le/gousin, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
ou(=to/s me dieko/reusen ou)=san e(pte/tin.
kai\ diaparqeneu/etai d' *(hro/dotos
(
me/nh kai\ diapeparqeneuko/ta, to\ me\n pro/teron *dioklh=s
(
to\ de\ deu/teron *)/alecis
(*)aristofa/nhs
de\ *glau/kw|
(
neusa." kalou=ntai de\ kai\ da=|des numfikai\ kai\ ste/fanos kai\ stolh/.
kai\ loutra/ tis komi/zousa loutrofo/ros, *)aqh/nhsi me\n e)k th=s *kal
lirro/hs ei)=t' au)=qis *)enneakrou/nou klhqei/shs, a)llaxo/qi d' o(/qen a)\n kai\
tu/xh|: e)kalei=to de\ tau=ta kai\ numfika\ loutra/.
kai\ dh\ kai\
kli/nh tis w)noma/zeto h( me\n gamikh/, h( de\ para/bustos, h(\ kai\
au)th\ strw/nnutai e)n tw=| dwmati/w| u(pe\r tou= th\n pai=da mh\ a)qumh=sai,
w(s *(uperei/dhs
(*(/omhros
(a
ei)lapi/n' h)e\ ga/mos, e)pei\ ou)k e)/ranos ta/de g' e)sti/n.
o( de\ ga/mos kaloi=t' a)\n kai\ sunduasmo/s, kai\ su/nodos a)ndro\s kai\ gu
naiko/s, kai\ sunoi/khsis, kai\ su/nercis, kai\ koinwni/a e)pi\ pai/dwn
spora=|.
kai\ game/ths me\n o( gh/mas kai\ a)nh\r kai\ numfi/os kai\ o(
sunoikw=n kai\ o( pro\s ga/mon h)gme/nos, h( de\ nu/mfh gameth\ kai\ gunh\
kai\ sunoikou=sa kai\ gegamhme/nh.
gh=mai d' e)pi\ tou= a)ndro\s le/getai,
gh/masqai d' e)pi\ th=s gunaiko/s, ou) gamhqh=nai.
o( de\ me/llwn gamei=n
mellonu/mfios u(p' e)ni/wn e)klh/qh, w(s u(po\ *fruni/xou tou= kwmikou=
(be/ltion
d' w(s *sofoklh=s w)no/masen, "th=s melloga/mou." tau/thn de\ kai\
ta=lin kalei=, le/gwn e)pi\ tou= *ai(/monos
(
a)=r' a)xnu/menos th=s melloga/mou
ta/lidos h(/kei mo/ron *)antigo/nhs,
a)pa/tas lexe/wn u(peralgw=n.
mello/posin de\ to\n a)/ndra w)no/masen
(
a)nu/mfous
de\ tou\s a)ga/mous le/gousin, a)ponu/mfhn d' h)\ a)po/numfon to\n filo/
paida kai\ gunaikei/a| o(mili/a| dusxerai/nonta, o(\n kai\ misogu/nhn e)rei=s
w(s to\n e)nanti/on filogu/nhn.
e)k de\ tw=n au)tw=n a)\n ei)/h kai\ to\
zeu/casqai ga/mon h)\ kh=dos suna/yasqai.
kai\ to\ a)pope/myasqai gu
nai=ka: kai\ to\ pra=gma a)popomph\ kai\ a)po/pemyis, kai\ a)popomph=s
di/kh.
kai\ kakou=n, kai\ di/kh kakw/sews, proiko/s, si/tou.
kai\ tou)nanti/on
a)po/leiyis.
kai\ di/kh para\ ta)ndro\s a)polei/yews.
h( de\ monwqei=sa
a)p' a)ndro\s xh/ra, kai\ o( monwqei\s a)po\ gunaiko\s xh=ros: o(/qen kai\
xhrwstai\ oi( tw=| e)rh/mw| ge/nei prosh/kontes.
e(/poito d' a)\n tou/tois
a)/gamos, neo/gamos, polu/gamos, a)gu/nhs, misogu/nhs, mono/tropos.
tw=n de\ ne/wn kwmw|dw=n tine\s
(
mhton ei)rh/kasin, *)aristofa/nhs
(
non, *fru/nixos
(
naikos." to\n de\ neo/gamon neogh/mhn *)ameiyi/as
(
w)no/masen.
fi/landros mi/sandros, polu/numfos polumnh/sth: a)/gamos
de\ kai\ neo/gamos kai\ polu/gamos, koina\ tau=ta kai\ e)pi\ gunaikw=n.
h)=san de\ kai\ a)gami/ou di/kai pollaxou=, kai\ o)yigami/ou kai\ kakogami/ou
e)n *lakedai/moni.
e)pei\ d' e(/petai ga/mw| teknopoii/a te kai\ teknotrofi/a, oi)kei=a a)\n
ei)/h tou/tois o)no/mata ku/ein, u(pwgkw=sqai th\n gaste/ra, u(popeplh=sqai,
kuoforei=n, kitta=n, w)di/nein, ti/ktein, a)mbliska/nein.
*ei)leiqui/ais
eu)/xesqai, th\n *loxei/an kalei=n.
th\n de\ mh\ ti/ktousan steri/fhn e)rei=s,
a)/gonon, a)/teknon, a)/tokon kaq' *(hro/doton
(
(*)anakre/wn
(tre/fein, a)natre/fein,
e)ktre/fein, galaktouxei=n: ga/la eu)/roun, tro/fimon, e)pi/rruton.
to\ de\ mh\ e)/xein ga/la a)galakti/an tine\s w)no/masan.
masto\n e)pe/xein,
qhlh\n e)pi/sxein, qhla/zein, qhla/zesqai: th\n de\ qhla/zousan *eu)/polis
(titqh/, tiqh/nh,
trofo/s, trofeu/s, oi(=s oi( trafe/ntes tro/fimoi kalou=ntai.
*(/epoito d' a)\n tou/tois poli/ths: o( ga\r sumpoli/ths ou) do/kimon,
ei) kai\ *eu)ripi/dhs au)tw=| ke/xrhtai e)n *(hraklei/dais
(
*qhsei=
(
dapo/s, o(mo/fulos, e)ggenh/s, e)/ntopos: to\ ga\r e)nda/pios poihtiko/n
(ta/xa
de\ be/ltion o( au)to/xqwn, oi)kei=os, fule/ths, dhmo/ths, fra/thr, met'
e)mou= fratria/zwn kai\ met' e)mou= dhmoteuo/menos, kai\ qeou\s fra
tri/ous kai\ fili/ous ne/mwn.
to\ d' i(ero\n ei)s o(\ sunh/|esan, fratrei=on
e)kalei=to, kai\ to\ su/sthma fratri/a, oi( de\ kaq' e(/kaston fra/tores.
kai\ o)/is frath/r, kai\ fra/trios ai)\c h( quome/nh toi=s fra/torsin.
e)kalou=nto de\ kai\ fra/teres.
fratri/ai d' h)=san ib#, kai\ e)n
e(ka/sth| ge/nh tria/konta, e(/kaston e)k tria/konta a)ndrw=n: e)ka
lou=nto d' ou(=toi kai\ o(moga/laktes kai\ o)rgew=nes.
h( d' u(pe\r tw=n ei)s
tou\s fra/toras ei)sagome/nwn pai/dwn oi)/nou e)pi/dosis oi)nisth/ria e)ka
lei=to, to\ d' i(ero\n to\ u(pe\r au)tw=n mei=on, kai\ meiagwgei=n to\ ei)sa/gein
i(erei=on.
ke/klhtai de\ h)\ o(/ti e)/skwpton w(s mei=on tou= de/ontos, h)\
o(/ti kekwlume/non ei)sa/gein, w(s mh\ a(millw=|nto mhd' e)mpi/ptoien ei)s
e)/rin kai\ taraxh/n, oi( me\n ou)de\n h(=tton e)filotimou=nto, oi( d' e)pe
bo/wn mei=on w(s ou)x u(perbaino/ntwn au)tw=n tou= no/mou to\ me/tron.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ th=s au)th=s summori/as kai\ summori/tas: tou\s d'
a)/rxontas tw=n summoritw=n kai\ summoria/rxas *(uperei/dhs
(
`148 blo(mo/glwssos, o(moh/qhs,
o(mo/nomos.
oi( de\ ba/rbaroi a)llh/lous ou) poli/tas a)lla\ patriw/tas
le/gousin.
*)/arxippos
(
patriw/tas e)/fh.
*pla/twn me/ntoi e)n toi=s *no/mois
(
e)pi\ *(ellh/nwn to\ patriw=tai ei)/rhken.
to\ d' e)nanti/on ce/nos, a)l
lodapo/s, a)llo/trios, a)lloeqnh/s, a)llo/fulos, a)llo/dhmos, a)llo/
glwssos, e)/phlus, e)phlu/ths, o)qnei=os: poihtikw/teron, *pla/twn
(me/toikos o( to\ metoi/kion
suntelw=n: tou=to d' h)=n ib# tw=| dhmosi/w| draxmai\ kai\ tw=| gram
matei= triw/bolon.
skafhfo/ros: ou(/tw de\ tou\s metoi/kous w)no/
mazon, kai\ ta\s gunai=kas au)tw=n u(driafo/rous, a)po\ tou= e)/rgou e(ka
te/rous.
a)llaxo/qen h(/kwn, e)pidhmw=n, parepidhmw=n: ka)\n do/ch| poli/
ths ei)=nai/ tis ou)k w)/n, pare/ggraptos, pareggegramme/nos.
to\n de\ toiou=
ton kai\ u(po/culon w)no/mazon oi( ne/oi kwmikoi/
(kai\
u(po/xuton d' oi( palaio/teroi
(
parhmpolhme/non, w(s a)pofu/lion to\n fulh\n mh\ e)/xonta.
kata\ de\ tw=n
ou) telou/ntwn to\ metoi/kion h)\ prosta/thn mh\ nemo/ntwn a)prostasi/ou di/kh.
e)/nioi d' au)tw=n kai\ a)telei=s ei)si\ kai\ o(motelei=s kai\ i)sotelei=s, oi(=s a)\n
tou=t' e)k yhfi/smatos u(pa/rch|: kai\ to\ e)/rgon i)sote/leia.
oi( de\ dhmo
poi/htoi, o(po/soi e)k do/gmatos koinou= politei/as tu/xoien: tou=to de\ polito
grafei=n *fi/listos
(
zointo neopoli=tai u(po\ tou= *pla/twnos.
a)dia/taktoi de\ kalou=ntai
oi( mh\ e)ggegramme/noi ei)s tou\s metoi/kous de/on, h)\ mh\ telou=ntes
to\ metoi/kion, h)\ th\n ska/fhn mh\ fe/rontes.
ou(\s dh\ graya/
meno/s tis tw=n a)diata/ktwn ei)=nai dih/legxen.
kata\ de\ tw=n pareg
gegramme/nwn ceni/as grafh/, kai\ dwroceni/as, a)\n diafqei/rwsi tou\s
dika/zontas: o( de\ katadikasqei\s a)peyhfisme/nos, e)kpefulloforhme/nos,
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata pareggrafh=nai, ceni/as a(lw=nai, ceni/as a)pofugei=n,
e)kpefulloforh=sqai, a)peyhfi/sqai.
tou=to de\ kai\ a)pocenwqh=nai *)isai=os
(tou/tois d' a)\n prosh/koi kai\ o( a)/polis: *pla/
twn
(
pampo/nhroi d' oi( *qeopo/mpou tou= suggrafe/ws
(
`332to\ me/ntoi ce/non
o)/nta ei)s a)/llhn po/lin e)lqei=n cenou=sqai kai\ e)picenou=sqai e)/legon,
o(/qen kai\ th\n katagwgh\n cenw=na.
qrasuceni/a de/, ei) qrasu/noito o(
ce/nos.
cenapa/thn d' *eu)ripi/dhs
(
`1103 no(
de\ tw=n ce/nwn h(gou/menos cenago/s: cenotrofei=n de\ para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(kai\ ceni/
zein para\ me\n toi=s polloi=s to\ e(stia=n, para\ de\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
`18. 19
cenikh=| th=| fwnh=| ei)/rhken.
ta\ de\ dw=ra ce/nia *dhmosqe/nhs
(
te kai\ *cenofw=n
(
cenw=na *pla/twn
(ta/xa d' a)\n e)ggu\s
ei)/h tou/twn pro/cenos kai\ h( proceni/a, a)sto/cenos, i)dio/cenos,
doru/cenos, a)/cenos, polu/cenos, kai\ para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
e)qelopro/cenos.
o( me\n pro/cenos, o(/tan po/lews dhmosi/a| procenh=|
tis e)n a)/llh| po/lei, w(s u(podoxh=s te tw=n e)kei=qen fronti/zein kai\
proso/dou th=s pro\s to\n dh=mon kai\ e(/dras e)n tw=| qea/trw|.
poiei= de\
tau=ta kai\ o( e)qelopro/cenos o( a)/grapton th\n proceni/an e)/xwn,
i)dio/cenos d' e)sti\n o( i)di/a| tini\ tw=n ce/nwn fi/lw| xrw/menos, w(s *peri
klh=s *)arxida/mw|, kai\ katagwgh=s t' au)tw=| pronoou/menos kai\ ta)=lla
sundioikou/menos, tw=n i)/swn de\ kai\ au)to/s, ei)/ pote par' e)kei=non
e)/lqoi, metalamba/nwn.
a)sto/cenos de\ kata\ me/n tinas o( au)to\s tw=|
i)dioce/nw|, kata\ de/ tinas o( ge/nei me\n ce/nos timh=| d' a)sto/s: e)ni/ois de\
dokei= o( fu/sei me\n a)sto\s do/ch| de\ ce/nos, w(s *danao\s *)argei/ois, a)po\
*)iou=s th=s *)argei/as e)/xwn to\ ge/nos.
doru/cenos d' o( e)k th=s kata\
to\n po/lemon e)pimici/as th\n gnw=sin pepoihme/nos.
*)ako/louqa d' a)\n ei)/h tou/tois fi/los, e(tai=ros, sunh/qhs, e)pith/
deios, gnw/rimos, proshtairisme/nos, oi)kei=os, w)|keiwme/nos, o(mognw/mwn,
o(moh/qhs, o(mo/tropos, o(mo/sitos, o(motra/pezos, o(mo/spondos, o(mwro/fios,
o(mh=lic, i)sh=lic.
kai\ e)xrh=to/ moi, kai\ e)xrw/mhn au)tw=|: kai\ o(
*dhmosqe/nhs
(
au)tw=|," kai\ ou) dei= prosqei=nai to\ fi/lw|.
e)k de\ tou/twn e)sti\ file/
tairos, polue/tairos, fili/a kai\ e(tairei/a, e)pithdeio/ths, sunh/qeia,
oi)keio/ths, gnw=sis, o(mognwmosu/nh, o(moh/qeia, o(motropi/a: ta\ ga\r a)po\
tw=n a)/llwn dusxerh=, h( d' o(mhliki/a poihtiko/n
(
o( de\ fi/lios pro\s to\n pole/mion a)nti/keitai, kai\ filiko/s e)stin o( xrh=sqai
fi/lois ei)dw/s: a)f' w(=n ta\ e)pirrh/mata fili/ws kai\ filikw=s.
pros
filw=s de\ *cenofw=n
(
*qoukudi/dhs
(
sta/tws, polufili/an de\ kai\ o)ligofili/an *)antifw=n
(
polufi/lois *(uperei/dhs
(
(ta\ d' e)nanti/a a)/gnwstos, a)gnw/s, a)h/qhs, e)xqro/s,
dia/foros, a)llo/trios, a)llotri/ws e)/xwn, h)llotriwme/nos, a)pexqh/s, a)p
exqano/menos, a)pexqw=s diakei/menos, misw=n, dusmenh/s, dienhnegme/nos,
diesthkw/s, e)cestasiasme/nos: u(po/ptws e)/xwn, e)pibou/lws, kakoh/qws,
a)pi/stws, e)qele/xqrws: e)qe/lexqron de\ *krati=nos
(
a)/filos, a)/miktos, a)pro/smiktos, du/smiktos, mise/tairos, misa/nqrw
pos, a)pa/nqrwpos.
kai\ a)gnwsi/an, a)h/qeian, e)/xqran, a)llotri/wsin,
diafora/n, a)pe/xqeian, mi=sos, dusme/neian, a)pisti/an, u(poyi/an, e)pi
boulh/n, kakoh/qeian, misetairi/an, a)panqrwpi/an, misanqrwpi/an.
*filo/polis, filo/dhmos, dhmotiko/s, pra=os, e)pieikh/s, eu)/nws
e)/xwn pro\s th\n po/lin, pro/qumos peri\ th\n po/lin, filo/timos, mega
lognw/mwn, dhmerasth/s, megalopreph\s pro\s to\ dhmo/sion.
kai\ h)=qos
filo/poli, filo/dhmon, dhmotiko/n, pra=on, e)pieike/s, eu)/noun, pro/
qumon, filo/timon, megaloprepe/s.
kai\ dhmerasti/a, filodhmi/a,
prao/ths, e)piei/keia, eu)/noia, proqumi/a, filotimi/a, megalopre/peia.
kai\
dhmotikw=s, pra/ws, e)pieikw=s, proqu/mws, filoti/mws, filodh/mws, me
galoprepw=s, eu)/nws.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a miso/polis, miso/dhmos, u(pero/pths,
mega/lauxos, u(perh/fanos, turanniko/s, o)ligarxiko/s, mikropreph/s,
du/snous, kako/nous, newteristh/s, newte/rwn e)piqumw=n, h)llotriwme/nos
pro\s th\n po/lin, ou) xai/rwn toi=s kaqesthko/sin, ou)k a)gapw=n
to\ i)/son, diaptu/wn tou\s pollou/s, kaqa/rmata kai\ ptwxou\s
a)pokalw=n.
*xorhgo/s, trih/rarxos, fulh=s e(stia/twr, th\n fulh\n e(stiw=n,
kreanomi/as e)pine/mwn, dianoma\s didou/s, noma/s, ei)sfora/s, sunekdidou/s
tisi qugate/ras, a)po\ tw=n u(parxo/ntwn ei)sfe/rwn, ta\ o)/nta katana
li/skwn ei)s to\ dhmo/sion, e)qelonth\s ei)sfe/rwn, e(kw/n, au)tepa/ggeltos,
au)qai/retos, au)toke/leustos, a)para/klhtos, e)pididou\s e)pido/seis,
zw=n th=| po/lei, leitourgw=n, kataleitourgw=n ta\ o)/nta, gumna
si/arxos, gumnasiarxw=n.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata xorhgei=n, trihrarxei=n,
fulh\n e(stia=n, ne/mein, diane/mein, ei)sfe/rein, e)pidido/nai, leitourgei=n,
kataleitourgei=n, gumnasiarxei=n.
ou)si/an d' a)leitou/rghton *)isai=os
(
*)era=n, filei=n, ste/rgein, h(tta=sqai/ tinos, e)spoudake/nai peri/ tina,
e)nqe/ws e)/xein, kato/xws, e)mpu/rws, diapu/rws: fle/gesqai tw=| po/
qw|, e)kfle/gesqai, u(potetu/fqai, kekau=sqai/ tinos, qermai/nesqai e)pi/
tini, e)kkre/masqai e)c au)tou=, a)napnei=n, douleu/ein, e(/pesqai, parako
louqei=n, e)chrth=sqai/ tinos, e)/xesqai, i(keteu/ein, dei=sqai, kaqiketeu/ein,
a)ntibolei=n, parakalei=n, e)rwtomanei=n, filerastei=n, paiderastei=n,
gunaikerastei=n, fronti/zein e)p' au)tw=|, a)lu/ein, a)lgei=n, a)grupnei=n,
tetrw=sqai, kateilh=fqai, a)nakei=sqai/ tini.
kai\ e)rasth/s, kai\ sunerasth\s
de\ kai\ sunepiqumhth/s, w(s o( *pla/twn
(
d' ei) kai\ e)piqumhth/s.
fi/los de\ kai\ e)paine/ths.
th=s w(/ras h(t
thme/nos, ste/rgwn, filw=n, a)gapw=n, douleu/wn.
e)qelo/doulos, e)/nqeos,
e)pi/pnous, ka/toxos.
e)chrthme/nos, h)rthme/nos, e)kkrema/menos.
e)/mpuros, dia/puros.
flego/menos, e(po/menos, parakolouqw=n, i(keteu/wn,
kaqiketeu/wn, parapi/ptwn, katantibolw=n, deo/menos.
filo/pais,
paiderasth/s, paidofi/lhs w(s *thleklei/dhs
(
paidofilh=sai *pla/twn ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s
(
paide/rws *zeu\s para\ tw=| *thleklei/dh|
(
gunaikerasth/s, gunaimanh/s.
a)lu/wn, a)grupnw=n, fronti/zwn, tetrw
me/nos, tetoceume/nos, kateilhmme/nos, a)nakei/menos, proskei/menos.
kai\
gunai=kas d' e)rastri/as *eu)/polis
(
ra/strian *)aristofa/nhs
(e)rw/menos e)rwme/nh, pai
dika/, stergo/menos stergome/nh, filou/menos filoume/nh, a)gapw/
menos a)gapwme/nh.
kalo\s u(pe/rkalos pa/gkalos, e)pe/rastos, w(rai=os,
e)pagwgo\s prosagwgo/s.
a)nqw=n u(peranqw=n, sti/lbwn u(persti/lbwn,
la/mpwn u(perla/mpwn, i(/meron a)fiei/s: kalh\ u(perka/lh pagka/lh,
e)pe/rastos, w(rai/a, a)nqou=sa u(peranqou=sa, sti/lbousa, la/mpousa
u(perla/mpousa, i(/meron a)fiei=sa: ka/llos, w(/ra, a)/nqos, a)/nqhsis,
lampro/ths, stilpno/ths, ai)/glh, kallonh/.
e)/rws, i(/meros, po/qos,
e)piqumi/a, i)/ugc, a)nte/rws, a)f' ou(= a)nterw=n kai\ a)nterasth/s,
para\ d' *eu)po/lidi
(kai\ to\
zhlotupei=n d' e)pi/ te pai/dwn w(rai/wn kai\ gunaikw=n kai\ pa/ntwn
de\ tw=n a)gapwme/nwn.
prosh/koi d' a)\n tou/tois a)cie/rastos po
lue/rastos, kai\ kata\ su/gkrisin kai\ u(pe/rqesin.
*despo/ths, despo/zwn, ku/rios, kekthme/nos_*fru/nixos ga\r
e)n *satu/rois
(
e)wnhme/nos, pria/menos: kai\ o( new/teros despo/ths despo/sunos
kai\ tro/fimos.
de/spoina, despo/zousa, kekthme/nh, e)wnhme/nh, pria
me/nh, trofi/mh: ou) ga\r prosi/emai th\n *sofokle/ous
(
despo/teiran h)\ th\n *eu)ripi/dou
(faulo
ta/th de\ kai\ h( para\ toi=s ne/ois kwmw|doi=s
(
a)pfi/a kai\ a)pfi/on kai\ a)pfa/rion, ne/as despoi/nhs u(pokori/smata.
to\ de\ pra=gma despotei/a, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma despotikw=s, kai\ to\ r(h=ma
despo/zein kai\ despo/zesqai: *pla/twn
(
tou=n a)nti\ tou= despo/zon ei)/rhken.
*lusi/as de/ pou
(
a)despo/tous, *(hro/dotos
(*)ari
stofa/nhs me/ntoi kata\ th\n tw=n pollw=n sunh/qeian to\n despo/thn
"au)to\n" ke/klhken, ei)pw\n e)n *dra/masin h)\ *kentau/rw|
(
a)noige/tw tis dw/mat': au)to\s e)/rxetai.
dou=los dou/lh: h( de\ douli\s *(uperei/dh|
(
fau=lo/n e)stin.
oi)ke/ths oi)ke/tis, qera/pwn qera/paina qerapaini/s: ei) d'
o( kata\ *dwroqe/ou lo/gos *(uperei/dou
(
au)tw=| "w(/sper to\ a)timo/taton qerapo/ntion." to\ de\ plh=qos tw=n
oi)ketw=n qerapei/a: to\ ga\r qerapousi/a biaio/teron, a)ll' h( doulei/a
kata\ *qoukudi/dhn
(e)/rgon de\ douliko\n *)ararw/s
(
`18 kokai\ dou
lw=sai, katadoulw/sasqai, kai\ dedoulwme/nos *qoukudi/dhs
(
kai\ dou/lwsis: h( ga\r doulosu/nh *)iwniko/n.
douloprepe\s de\
(
kai\ douloprepe/stata *krati=nos
(
*qeo/pompos o( kwmiko/s
(kai\ doula/ria *metage/nhs,
(dia/
konos, u(phre/ths, a)rgurw/nhtos, w)/nios, oi)ko/triy, h( d' a)ntikeime/nh
tou/tw| shki\s kalei=tai h)\ oi)kogenh/s: h( ga\r tami/a th=s pi/stews tou)/noma.
paidi/skhn de\ th\n qerapaini/da *lusi/as
(
mh\ a)mfi/bolo/n e)sti, po/teron h(liki/as tou)/noma h)\ tu/xhs: le/gei ga\r
e)n tw=| kata\ *kalli/ou u(/brews "e)celqou=sa au)tou= h( paidi/skh th\n
qu/ran a)noi/gnusin." to\ de\ paidi/on to\ e)k tw=n oi)kotri/bwn oi)kotri/
baion w)no/mazon.
tw=| me/ntoi w)nhqe/nti oi)ke/th| tragh/mata kate/xeon,
a(\ e)kalei=to kataxu/smata.
a)ndra/poda, kai\ a)ndrapo/dia par' *(uperei/dh|
(
menos, kai\ a)ndrapodi/santes para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
podw/dhs para\ *cenofw=nti
(
para\ *pla/twni
(
kai\ a)ndrapodistikw/tata par' *eu)po/lidi
(dou=la
sw/mata pro\s a)rgu/rion a)ntikathllagme/na, kai\ a)po\ tou= prath=ros
li/qou, a)po\ tou= pwlhthri/ou, para\ tw=n lafuropw/lwn, para\ tw=n
a)ndrapodokaph/lwn.
a)ndrapodisth\s d' e)sti\n o( to\n e)leu/qeron kata
doulwsa/menos h)\ o( to\n a)llo/trion oi)ke/thn u(pagago/menos: kai\
di/kh de\ kata\ tw=n a)ndrapodistw=n e)leuqeroprasi/ou.
sw/mata d'
a(plw=s ou)k a)\n ei)/pois, a)lla\ dou=la sw/mata.
kalou=ntai de\ kai\
pai=des oi( dou=loi para\ toi=s *)attikoi=s, ka)\n w)=si presbu/teroi: la/tris
de\ kai\ a)mfi/polos kai\ pro/spolos ou) kaq' h(ma=s.
kai\ i(/na me\n
kola/zontai oi( dou=loi, mulw=nes kai\ zhtrei=a kai\ zw/nteia kai\ a)lfitei=a
kai\ xondrokopei=a.
oi( de\ stizo/menoi stigmati/ai kai\ sti/gwnes,
w(/sper oi( mastigou/menoi mastigi/ai.
to\ de\ dei=sqai masti/gwn mastigia=n
*eu)/polis
(ai( de\ ma/stiges u(strixi/des,
i(ma/ntes, r(uth=res.
to\ de\ mastigw=sai kai\ tupth=sai, ca=nai kata\ nw/tou
polla/s, pai=sai, plhga\s e)ntei=nai, plhga\s e)mbalei=n.
*(uperei/dhs
(
mwlw/pwn e)/ti nu=n to\ de/rma mesto\n e)/xei:" kai/toi e)pi\ tou/tois ou)k
a)/n tis ei)/poi to\ dei=rai.
e)/sti d' e)k tou/tou filo/doulos, polu/
doulos, e)qelo/doulos, a)/doulos, kai\ a)dou/leutos, w(s tou\s
*lakedaimoni/ous *)isai=os
(kai\ eu)/doulos de\
o( toi=s dou/lois eu)= xrw/menos para\ *ferekra/tei
(
kai\ to\ dra=ma *doulodida/skalos: para\ *krati/nw|
(
kako/doulos ei)/rhtai.
e)qelodoulei/a, poludoulei/a, a)eidoulei/a.
e)wnh=sqai, w)nhtia=n, pri/asqai, pwlh=sai, pwlhtai/, pwlhth/ria.
kai\
w)nhto\s w)nhth/, kai\ to\n w)nhth\n w(s *)isai=os
(
au)twnhth\n w(s *dei/narxos
(prosh/koi d' a)\n
toi=s dou/lois to/ te pra=gma h( doulei/a kai\ to\ r(h=ma to\ douleu/ein
kai\ to\ dedoulw=sqai.
kai\ ta\ doulika\ para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
ou(= kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma to\ doulikw=s.
kai\ to\ doulw/sasqai de\ kai\ to\
katadoulw/sasqai, kai\ o(/sa a)po\ tou/twn sxhmati/zetai.
kai\ to\
sugkatadoulw/sasqai par' *(uperei/dh|
(
leu/ontes para\ *deina/rxw|
(su/ndouloi de\
le/gei *lusi/as
(
(
oi)/ontai o(mo/doulon me\n to\n th=s au)th=s tu/xhs, su/ndoulon de\ to\n
tou= au)tou= despo/tou.
kai\ oi)ke/tai de\ kai\ "oi)ketika\ o)no/mata"
para\ *pla/twni
(
oi)kei/ous oi)ke/tas w)no/mazon, o(/pou ge kai\
(
"peristera\n oi)ke/tin." pela/tai de\ kai\ qh=tes e)leuqe/rwn e)sti\n o)no/
mata dia\ peni/an e)p' a)rguri/w| douleuo/ntwn.
metacu\ d' e)leuqe/rwn kai\ dou/lwn oi( *lakedaimoni/wn ei(/lwtes,
kai\ *qettalw=n pene/stai, kai\ *krhtw=n klarw=tai kai\ mnwi=tai kai\
*mariandunw=n dwrofo/roi, kai\ *)argei/wn gumnh=tes, kai\ *sikuwni/wn
korunhfo/roi.
tou\s me/ntoi ei)s e)leuqeri/an tw=n ei(lw/twn a)fie
me/nous oi( *lakedaimo/nioi neodamw/deis kalou=sin.
o( de\ th=s doulei/as
a)feime/nos tw=n dou/lwn a)peleu/qeros kai\ e)celeu/qeros, a)ph
leuqerwme/nos.
kai\ a)peleuqerw=sai a)peleuqerwqh=nai, kai\ a)peleu
qe/rwsis kai\ a)peleuqeri/a.
kai\ *dhmosqe/nhs
(
e)celeuqerikou\s no/mous kai\ a)peleuqerikou\s no/mous.
kata\ me/ntoi
tw=n a)posta/ntwn a)postasi/ou di/kh e)sti/n.
fai/hs d' a)\n timh\n
katabalei=n, a)rgu/rion ei)senegkei=n, a)ntikatalla/casqai xrh/mata.
*trapezi/ths, a)rgurognw/mwn, a)rguramoibo/s, dokimasth/s, e)pi
kaqh/menos trape/zh|: tra/peza polua/rguros, trape/zhs a)formai/.
th\n
de\ tra/pezan *dhmosqe/nhs
(
d' au)th\n kai\ pi/naka.
a)rguri/ou a)llagh\ o( kalou/menos ko/llubos.
e)ne/xura lu/sima, katenexuria/zein.
o)fei/lein, danei/zesqai, danei/zein,
proi/+esqai a)rgu/rion.
u(poqh/khn qei\s o( daneizo/menos, u(poqh/khn qe/
menos o( danei/zwn.
xre/a, kai\ tou= xre/ous.
danei/smata, o)feilh/mata,
e)kdo/seis, e)kdido/nai, e)/ggua danei/smata, nautika/: ta\ ga\r o)flh/mata
kai\ to\ o)flei=n e)pi\ tw=n katadikasqe/ntwn ei)s a)rgu/rion.
o(/rous e)fi
sta/nai xwri/w|: sani\s d' h)=n h)\ sth/lh tis dhlou=sa w(s e)/stin u(po/xrew/n
tini to\ xwri/on.
e)pi\ de\ tou/tou e)/legon kai\ to\ e)sti/xqai to\
xwri/on, w(s to\ e)nanti/on a)/stikton.
to\ de\ u(po/xrewn xwri/on e)le/geto
kai\ u(po/bolon.
xrh/sths kuri/ws me\n o( dedaneisme/nos, polla/kis de\
kai\ o( daneisth/s.
ou(=tos de\ kai\ tokisth/s, tokoglu/fos, toki/zwn,
o(/qen kai\ to\ "toki/zetai au)tw=| a)rgu/rion" par' *(uperei/dh|
(
to/kous e)kle/gwn, o)bolosta/ths.
e)kei=nos d' u(po/xrews, kata/xrews,
u(pe/rxrews.
kalei=tai de\ to\ me\n kefa/laion a)rxai=on, to\ d' e)/rgon
to/kos.
o( d' ou)k e)kti/sas kata\ proqesmi/an u(perh/meros, kai\ to\ pra=gma
u(perhmeri/a.
*)argu/rion do/kimon, e)pi/shmon, gnh/sion, kaqaro/n, a)mige/s, a)/kra
ton, a)ki/bdhlon, e)/ntupon, a)kribe/s, no/mimon, a)ke/raion, a)dia/fqoron,
a)/dolon, a)/xranton, a)nepibou/leuton: to\ d' e)nanti/on para/shmon,
paraseshmasme/non, xalko/kraton, *qibrw/neion, ki/bdhlon, kekibdh
leume/non, a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ pra=gma kibdhlei/a
(
kibdhleu/mata
(
leu/wn
(
mon paregkekrame/non, u(po/xalkon.
to\ d' a)rgu/rion kalei=tai kai\ xrh/
mata kai\ no/misma, w(/sper kai\ to\ xrusi/on.
a)rgu/ria de\ kata\ plh=qos
h(/kista le/gousin oi( *)attikoi/, ei)/rhtai d' e)n *kwka/lw|
(
*nh/sois
(le/goito d' a)\n ko/yai no/
misma, e)nshmh/nasqai, tupw=sai, e)ntupw=sai, e)ntupw/sasqai.
to\ de\
toiou=ton a)rgu/rion e)pi/shmon e)le/geto, w(s to\ e)nanti/on a)/shmon.
*)argu/reia me/talla kai\ xru/seia, metalleu/ein, o)ru/ttein, e)pika
tate/mnein, kainotomei=n, kainotomi/a.
ou(\s de\ kate/lipon me/sous
ki/onas oi( metallei=s a)ne/xein th\n gh=n, ou(=toi mesokrinei=s w)noma/zonto.
u(po/xrusos gh=, u(pa/rguros gh=.
ka/qarsis a)rgu/rou, ka/qarsis xrusou=.
xruso\s a)/pefqos, ei)likrinh/s: a)/rguros kaqaro/s, e)kkekaqarme/nos.
*)aruandiko\n a)rgu/rion, kai\ oi( *dareikoi\ a)po\ *darei/ou, w(s e)p' e)kei/nou
a)kribwqe/ntos ei)s ka/qarsin tou= xrusi/ou.
eu)do/kimos de\ kai\ o( *guga/
das xruso\s kai\ oi( *kroi/seioi stath=res.
xruso/s, a)/rguros, o)rei/xalkos,
si/dhros, katti/teros, mo/lubdos, u(/alos.
xrusi=tis gh=, a)rguri=tis, sidh
ri=tis.
xrusoxoei=n, xalkeu/ein: xrusoxo/os, xalkeu/s, sidhreu/s.
molubdo
xoh=sai.
*peri\ tou= polu/: a)/platon, a)/pleton, a)/peiron, a)mu/qhton, a)me/
trhton, a)nari/qmhton, a)necari/qmhton, a)nh/riqmon, pa/mpolu, pam
plhqe/s, a)/piston tw=| plh/qei, a)dih/ghton.
pa/mmega, me/ga, me/giston,
pamme/geqes, u(perme/geqes, u(pe/rogkon, e)cai/sion, eu)me/geqes.
kai\ to\
e)nanti/on mikro/n, o)li/gon, braxu/, su/mmetron, summemetrhme/non,
eu)ari/qmhton.
*(/esthken, h(suxa/zei, me/nei, a)tremei=, kaqhsuxa/zei, h)remei=,
e)f' h(suxi/as e)sti/n, a)name/nei, perime/nei, a)kinhtei=, a)ki/nhto/s e)stin,
e(sthkw/s, sta/sis, o)rqosta/dhn, h(suxi/a, monh/.
ka/qhtai, kaqi/zei, kaqe/
zetai, a)nakaqizo/menos w(s *pla/twn
(*cenofw=n
(
e)poi/hsen: kaqh/meqa d' a)nti\ tou= e)kaqh/meqa *dhmosqe/nhs
(
`155 et 166
`328 c, v 449 b, euthyd 271 akai\ kaqe/dra, e(/dra, qrani/on,
qra=nos, qro/nos, qa=kos, e(/dranon, di/fros, kai\ di/fros o)kladi/as:
to\ ga\r skolu/qrion u(pomo/xqhron, kai\ to\ e(dw/lion a)/llhs e)sti\ xrei/as.
ba/qron: ou(/tw de\ w)noma/zeto kai\ h( tw=n a)ndria/ntwn ba/sis: a)f' ou(= to\
be/bhke kai\ bebhke/nai kai\ ta\ a)po\ tou/twn kata\ ta\s tw=n pro
qe/sewn prosqe/seis.
kai\ a)naba/dhn kaqh/menos, kai\ ba/dhn u(po
xwrw=n.
to\ de\ qakei=n ou)k a)\n ei)/h pro\s h(mw=n, kaqh/menos de\ kai\
kaqi/zwn kai\ kaqizo/menos kai\ kaqezo/menos.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n e(sthko/twn
sumbebhkw\s a)/mfw tw\ po/de, probebhkw\s to\n e(/teron, diabebhkw/s:
a)ni/statai, diani/statai, e)cani/statai, e)pani/statai, a)pani/statai.
e)/sti de\ kai\ a)ndria/ntos sta/sis kai\ a)na/stasis kai\ po/lews a)na/stasis
_h( a)nasta/twsis_para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
oi)kodomhma/twn kai\ "a)na/stata e)poi/hsan ta\ tau/th| xwri/a" ei)/rhtai
para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
*badi/zei, badi/zwn, ba/dhn, ba/disis, badiei=.
badistiko\s
par' *)aristofa/nei
(
badismati/as, para\ de\ *pla/twni tw=| filoso/fw|
(
dismo/s, kai\ para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
tou= badi/zoien.
poreu/etai, poreuo/menos, o(/qen kai\ porei/a, kai\
porei=a ta\ o)xh/mata.
proa/gei, proa/gwn, u(pa/gei, u(pa/gwn: e)/sti
d' oi(=on h(gei=tai kai\ a)/gei.
bai/nei, probai/nei, a)pobai/nei, a)nabai/nei,
prosbai/nei.
kai\ a)na/basis kai\ a)nabasmoi\ kai\ a)nabebasme/noi
i(/ppoi: kai\ oi( toi=s a)nabai/nousi bohqou=ntes a)nafe/rousin au)tou\s o)rqai=n
tai=n xeroi=n h)\ simai=n tai=n xeroi=n.
katabai/nei, kate/rxetai.
kai\
ka/teisin e)pi\ tou= me/llontos xro/nou.
pro/eisi, peripatei=, a)f' ou(= kai\
peri/patos.
tre/xei, a)f' ou(= dro/mos, qei=, e)pei/getai.
sxolai=os
peri/patos kai\ spoudai=os kai\ h)remai=os, kai\ spoudh/.
h)peigme/nws
badi/zwn, kai\ sxolh=| peripatei= kai\ h)re/ma, kai\ h)peigme/nos peri/
patos, kai\ to\ *(hsio/dou
(a)/llhs de\ xrei/as
bai/nein, a)nabai/nein, kai\ a)naba/tas e)pi\ tw=n e)n tai=s a)ge/lais o)xei/wn.
*fe/rei, fe/retai, forei=on, forei=s, fora/dhn, fora/, e)kfora/,
kai\ e)pi\ skeuw=n kai\ e)pi\ nekrw=n: "e)pifora\" ga\r to\ tw=| misqw=| prosti
qe/menon, w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
mo/non, a)lla\ kai\ h( tw=n fo/rwn katabolh\ kai\ pneu/matos a)pobolh/.
ei)/pois d' a)\n e)pi\ tw=n fero/ntwn a)=rai, e)negkei=n a)nenegkei=n, komi/sai,
a)nakoufi/sai.
*(odou= d' h(gemw\n a)gwgo/s: o( ga\r a)gwgeu\s eu)tele/steron.
e)n
me/ntoi tw=| plh/qei kai\ a)gwgoi\ kai\ a)gwgei=s r(utoi/.
u(fhghth\s e)chghth/s,
prohgemw\n prohghth/s, para\ de\ *ke/bhti kai\ kaqhghth/s, w(/sper
kai\ para\ toi=s tragw|doi=s
(le/gois d' a)\n o(do\n
dei=cai, o(dou= h(gh/sasqai prohgh/sasqai u(fhgh/sasqai kaqhgh/sasqai,
o(do\n fh=nai.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata o(dou= u(fh/ghsis, e)ch/ghsis, dei=cis,
a)gwgh/, mh/nusis, h(gemoni/a.
o(do\s d' a)/poros du/sporos duspo/
reutos, a)tribh/s, a)pa/nqrwpos, a)gri/a, skolia/, a)safh/s,
a)fanh/s, du/sodos, duspro/sodos, e)/rhmos, a)/miktos a)pro/smiktos,
du/sbatos duspro/sbatos, duseu/retos.
a)/nippos de\ kai\ a)nama/ceutos
*(hro/dotos
(o)rei/a, o)rqi/a, a)natetame/nh kai\ ta\
toiau=ta e)n tw=| prw/tw|
(¶ to\ d' e)nanti/on eu)/poros, eu)qute
nh/s, lewfo/ros, a(macito\s a(mach/latos, i(ppa/simos i(ppo/krotos, e)pi/dro
mos, lei/a, safh/s, profanh\s e)kfanh/s, tetrimme/nh, tri/bos, sti/bos,
h(/meros, polua/nqrwpos, eu)epi/miktos, o(malh/.
ta\ de\ tou/tois pro/sfora
to\ pro\ tou/tou bibli/on e)n toi=s i(ppasi/mois xwri/ois
(
*xara/, h(donh/, faidro/ths, eu)qumi/a, eu)frosu/nh, xarmonh/, i(/lews
dia/qesis, eu)qeni/a, qumhdi/a, te/ryis, terpno/ths, a)po/lausis: h( ga\r
perixa/reia to\ a)me/trws xai/rein u(podhloi=.
xai/rein, h(/desqai, fai
dru/nesqai, eu)qumei=n eu)qumei=sqai, eu)frai/nesqai, eu)sqenei=n, qa/llein,
te/rpesqai, a)polau/ein, geghqe/nai: tou/tou de\ to\ pra=gma ou)k e)/stin,
w(/sper ou)de\ tou= ga/nusqai.
terpnw=s, h(de/ws, faidrw=s: ta\ ga\r e)k
tw=n a)/llwn e)pirrh/mata ponhra/.
metoxai\ de\ te/rpwn, a)lla\
kai\ e)/teryen: to\ ga\r h(/dwn *)iwniko/n, kai\ to\ h(=se spa/nion me\n par'
h(mi=n, *)anakre/wn
(
a)nh/r.
a)ll' eu)frai/nwn kai\ eu)/frane, kai\ xai/rwn, h(do/menos,
faidruno/menos, eu)qumou/menos, eu)fraino/menos, geghqw/s, ganu/menos.
kalo\n d' o)/noma a)po\ tou/tou to\ ga/nos.
i)/sws d' a)\n au)toi=s
prosh/koi kai\ to\ a)/lupos kai\ a)lu/pws: *pla/twn
(
de\ kai\ a)luph/tws e)/fh, w(/sper *sofoklh=s
(
a)lu/phton.
lu/ph, a)ni/a, a)lghdw/n, a)qumi/a dusqumi/a baruqumi/a, a)xqh
dw/n, a)/sh, a)/lus, kath/feia: h( ga\r periwduni/a th\n u(perbolh\n th=s
a)me/trou lu/phs e)mfani/zei.
kai\ lupei=sqai, a)nia=sqai, a)lgei=n, a)qumei=n
dusqumei=n baruqumei=n, a)/xqesqai, a)lu/ein, a)sa=sqai.
kai\ luphrw=s,
a)lgeinw=s, a)niarw=s, e)palgw=s, a)qu/mws dusqu/mws: ou) ga\r a)\n kai\
baruqu/mws ei)/pois, a)xqeinw=s de\ kai\ a)shrw=s.
a)/llhs de\ xrei/as pa/qos
pa/qhma, pe/nqos, dustuxi/a, a)tuxi/a, sumfora/, duspotmi/a, kako
daimoni/a, duspragi/a kakopragi/a.
paqei=n, penqei=n, dustuxei=n
a)tuxei=n_*qoukudi/dhs
(
fora=s ei)=nai, sumfora=| peripesei=n, kakopragei=n, kai\ penqikw=s
pra/ttein.
dustuxw=s a)tuxw=s, duspo/tmws.
e)/sti de\ kai\ kaq' e(/teron
xrei/as ei)=dos dakru/ein oi)ktei/resqai, o)du/resqai a)podakru/ein,
klai/ein a)naklai/ein, a)poqrhnei=n, oi)kti/zesqai, o)lofu/resqai,
katodu/resqai.
*cenofw=n de\ poihtikwte/rws kai\ gowme/nh pou
(
paramuqei=sqai, parhgorei=n parhgorei=sqai, e)pikoufi/zein,
e)pelafru/nein, a)nafe/rein, a)nista/nai, e)pegei/rein, nouqetei=n, e)panorqou=
sqai, swfroni/zein.
paramuqi/a paramu/qion, parhgori/a, koufismo\s
e)pikoufismo\s kai\ para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
swfronismo/s, e)pano/rqwsis, parayuxh/, a)f' ou(= r(h=ma ou)k e)/stin,
w(/sper ou)d' a)p' e)ni/wn r(hma/twn o)no/mata.
lo/goi de\ paramuqhtikoi/,
parhgorikoi/, nouqetikoi/, swfronistikoi/, kai\ a)/llhs xrei/as lo/goi
e)pita/fioi, e)pikh/deioi, e)legei=a, e)pigra/mmata.
pa/qos de\ duspara
mu/qhton, eu)paramu/qhton, a)paramu/qhton.
e)pixai/rein, e)fh/
desqai, kataxai/rein.
*)isokra/ths
(
tai=s h(mete/rais sumforai=s" a)nti\ tou= e)fhdo/menoi.
e)pembai/nein, ka
tagela=n, kataxleua/zein.
kai\ o)/noma para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
e)pi/xartoi, w(/sper kai\ oi( katage/lastoi: to\ ga\r para\ *poseidi/ppw|
(*filwni/dhs
(
de\ to\n e)pixai/ronta e)pixa/rthn ei)/rhken: a)lla\ kai\ tou=to fau=lon,
w(/ste be/ltion mh\ o)no/masi xrh=sqai a)lla\ metoxai=s.
kai/toi o(/ ge
e)pixaire/kakos a)nekto/n.
eu)tuxi/a, eu)pragi/a, eu)potmi/a, eu)praci/a.
sugxai/rein, sunh/desqai,
suneutuxei=n, h)\ baskai/nein, fqonei=n.
*ta/fos, mnh=ma, mnhmei=on, mnhmo/sunon, h)ri/a, qh=kai, soroi/,
pu/eloi, lhnoi/.
xw=ma xw=sai, xw=ma e)gei=rai, xw=ma peribale/sqai,
sth/lhn a)nasth=sai, e)pi/gramma e)pigra/yai, xoa\s xe/asqai, e)nagi/sai.
e)nagi/smata, kteri/smata, proqe/seis, e)kforai/, e)/nata, triaka/des,
gene/sia, neku/sia: tau=ta ga\r e)pi\ qerapei/a| tw=n a)phllagme/nwn e)ne
no/misto.
*potamoi\ de\ mega/loi, u(permege/qeis, baqei=s, platei=s, a)e/naoi
a)ei/new|, a)ei/rrutoi, a)nellipei=s, a)nendeei=s, kumati/ai, neanikoi/,
nausi/poroi, plwtoi/, nausipe/ratoi, ou) diabatoi/, bi/aioi, r(o/qioi,
r(ow/deis, eu)/rwstoi: kai\ lo/gw|: ou(\s ou)k a)/n tis pera/seien a)/neu
new=n, a)/poroi o(/ti mh\ nausi/n, ou(\s dia\ me/geqos e)rgw=des to\
pleu=sai.
i)some/trhtoi qala/tth|, i)soplhqei=s, e)na/milloi, sfalero/
nhktoi.
to\ d' e)nanti/on xei/marroi, xara/drai, u(drorro/ai, a)ma/rai:
a)/plwtoi, diabatoi/, posi\ peratoi/, ka/tw knh/mhs r(e/ontes, ka/tw
go/natos, "ou)d' a)\n to\ go/nu bre/ceias."
*)erei=s d' e)pi\ a)rrw/stou e)/kamen, h)rrw/sthsen, e)no/shsen,
h)sqe/nhsen, e)malaki/sqh, malakw=s e)/sxen: kai\ ka/mnwn, a)rrwsth/sas,
nosh/sas, a)sqenh/sas, malakisqei/s, malakw=s e)/xwn.
to\n de\ ka/mnonta
*qoukudi/dhs
(
kai\ to\n ponou/menon w)|kti/zonto." ta\ de\ pra/gmata ka/matos, a)r
rwsti/a, no/sos no/shma, a)sqe/neia, malaki/a.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata ka
mathrw=s, a)rrw/stws, noshrw=s, e)pino/sws, noswde/steron_to\ ga\r
noswdw=s e)/xei tina\ pro\s th\n a)koh\n dusxe/reian_noshro/teron, o(/qen
kai\ noshro\n xwri/on kai\ nosw=des xwri/on: to\ ga\r nosakero\n e)sxa/
tws kwmiko/n
(a)sqenw=s, malakw=s malakw/
teron.
e)/sti de\ kai\ lo/gw| ei)pei=n: fau/lws moi dia/keitai to\ sw=ma,
kai\ e)pipo/nws e)/xw tou= sw/matos, e)ndee/steron dia/keimai to\ swma/tion,
e)ndi/dwsi/ moi to\ sw=ma u(p' a)rrwsti/as.
kai\ mh\n o)noma/twn a)/n tis
e)k tou/twn eu)porh/seien, nosw/dhs, e)pi/nosos, a)/rrwstos, a)sqenh/s.
e(/tera d' ei)s tau)to\n fe/ronta klinopeth/s, klinh/rhs, kataklinh/s: a)po\
de\ tou/twn ou)/te pra=gma ou)/t' e)pi/rrhma ou)/te r(h=ma ou)/te metoxh\n
e)/stin eu(rei=n.
ei)/h d' a)\n tou/tois prosh=kon kai\ e)piqana/tws e)/xein,
kai\ w(s *(hro/dotos
(
*krati=nos
(to\ de\ lipoyuxei=n para\ *qouku
di/dh|
(tou\s me/ntoi kekmhko/tas tou\s a)poqa
no/ntas o( au)to\s
(pro\s qa/naton e)/rrepe, sfa
lerw=s ei)=xen, e)pikindu/nws ei)=xen, e)pi\ braxei/as h)=n th=s r(oph=s, e)p'
o)li/ghs e)lpi/dos, a)pe/gnwsto.
sunta/ttoito d' a)/n tis tou/tois kai\
to\ e)panh=lqe to\ no/shma, u(petropi/ase to\ no/shma, u(pe/streyen,
a)nqupe/streyen, u(panetropi/asen.
to\ d' e)nanti/on u(giai/nein, e)r
rw=sqai, u(pererrw=sqai, sw=n ei)=nai, a)kh/raton, a)/noson, o(/qen kai\
"e)/tos a)/noson" o( *qoukudi/dhs
(to\n d' a)/noson kai\ a)no/shton
*sofoklh=s
(kai\ ta\
pra/gmata u(gi/eia, r(w/mh, swthri/a, a)nosi/a, a)poni/a.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/
mata u(gieinw=s, e)rrwme/nws, a)no/sws, a)po/nws.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata u(gi
eino/s, e)rrwme/nos, sw=s, a)kh/ratos, a)/ponos, a)/lupos.
kai\ e)pi\ tw=n e)k
no/sou dianistame/nwn, a)nekth/sato th\n yuxh/n, kai\ a)nezw/wsen,
a)ne/sfhlen, a)nh/negken, e)rra/isen a)nerra/isen, a)ne/sth kai\ e)cane/sth,
a)nebi/w kai\ a)nabiw/sketai, kai\ a)nebiwsa/mhn au)to/n.
e)nosh/leusa
e)cenosh/leusa.
kai\ a)nasfh/las, a)nenegkw/n, r(ai/+sas a)narrai/+sas,
e)canasta/s, a)nabiou/s.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ e)pau/sato th=s no/sou, kai\
lh/cantos au)tw=| tou= nosh/matos, kai\ trapei/shs ei)s to\ be/ltion th=s
a)rrwsti/as, kai\ e)/rreye pro\s to\ krei=tton, kai\ ta\ toiau=ta.
kai\
e)pebi/w de\ kai\ e)pibiou/s: kai\ to\ paidi/on e)pibio\n *)isai=os
(
ei)/rhken.
e)pi\ de\ nosou=ntos e)piskopei=n fhsi\n o( *cenofw=n
(
viii 2. 25
*plou/sios, eu)/poros, eu)xrh/matos, poluxrh/matos, eu)= pra/ttwn
ei)s xrhma/twn lo/gon, za/ploutos megalo/ploutos, megaloplou/sios
baquplou/sios: *pla/twn d' e)n toi=s *no/mois
(
pamplou/sion ei)/rhken.
o( d' *eu)po/lidos
(
pe/paiktai.
polu/xrusos, ou)k o)ligo/xrusos, polua/rguros, eu)kth/
mwn polukth/mwn, e)n periousi/a| w)/n, periousia/zwn, e)n periousi/a|
zw=n, ei(=s w)\n tw=n eu)daimo/nwn, tw=n o)li/gwn, h)\ w(s *(hro/dotos
(
oi)=kon leitourgou=nta diadecame/nwn, e)k mega/lou diagra/mmatos,
eu)/klhros baqu/klhros.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata ploutei=n, eu)porei=n, eu)xrh
matei=n: kai\ ai( metoxai\ ploutw=n, eu)xrhmatw=n, eu)porw=n, ta\ d' e)pir
rh/mata ponhra/.
ei)/pois d' a)\n plouthro\n xrh=ma kai\ ploutopoio\n
kai\ xrhmatopoio/n.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata plou=tos, eu)pori/a, eu)xrhmati/a
poluxrhmati/a, poluxrhmosu/nh, polukthmosu/nh, periousi/a.
ta\
d' e)nanti/a pe/nhs, penixro/s, a)xrh/matos, a)/poros, a)kth/mwn,
a)/xrusos, a)na/rguros, e)ndeh/s, e)ndew=s pra/ttwn, a)po/rws pra/ttwn,
tw=n e)pithdei/wn spani/zwn, tw=n e)fhme/rwn a)porw=n, ptwxo/s, ptw
xeu/wn, a)gei/rwn, prosaitw=n, misqwto/s, misqarnw=n, pela/ths, qh/s,
a)gaphtw=s paratrefo/menos, ei)s a)llotri/as xei=ras a)poble/pwn,
bwmoloxw=n, a)porou/menos.
a)porei=n, pe/nesqai, ptwxeu/ein, a)gei/rein,
e)p' e)ndei/as ei)=nai, bwmoloxei=n, prosaitei=n, misqarnei=n, misqoforei=n,
douleu/ein e)pi\ leptoi=s lh/mmasi, parasitei=n, paratre/fesqai, para
deipnei=n, kai\ ta\ pra/gmata peni/a, a)xrhmati/a, a)xrhmosu/nh, a)kthmo
su/nh, e)/ndeia, a)pori/a, ptwxei/a, a)germo/s, bwmoloxi/a, qhtei/a.
*fila/rguros, filo/xrusos, ai)sxrokerdh/s, filoxrh/matos, filo
kerdh/s, filoxrhmatisth/s, xrhmatistiko/s, a)neleu/qeros, o)bolosta/ths,
kai\ h( gunh\ o)bolosta/tis: o( ga\r ki/mbic kai\ kuminopri/sths ou)k a)nekta/.
fai/hs d' a)\n e)la/ttwn xrhma/twn, pa=n a)\n pra/cas e)pi\ xrh/masin,
ou)de\n a)\n ai)sxunqei\s w(=| lh=mma pro/sestin, e)k panto\s xrhmatizo/menos,
xrh/masi th\n eu)daimoni/an metrw=n, pro\s a)rgu/rion kexhnw/s, pro\s
a)rgu/rion fqeggo/menos, th\n yuxh\n a)\n a)ntalla/cas tou= xrusi/ou
kai\ lamba/nwn a)f' w(=n ou) dei= kai\ mh\ didou\s ei)s a(\ dei=, th\n yuxh\n
a)\n a)rguri/ou proe/menos.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata filoxrhmosu/nh,
filarguri/a, filoxrusi/a, filoxrhmati/a, ai)sxroke/rdeia, filoke/rdeia,
xrhmatismo/s, a)neleuqeri/a.
r(h/mata d' ou)k e)/stin o(/ti mh\ xrhmati/zein,
kai\ w(s *)antifw=n
(
(
e)pirrh/mata de\ filoxrhma/tws kai\ filoxrhmatistikw=s kai\ a)neleu
qe/rws: ta\ d' a)/lla xei/rw.
w(=n ta\ e)nanti/a megalo/frwn,
megalo/yuxos, megalognw/mwn, e)leu/qeros, u(pera/nw lhmma/twn,
krei/ttwn xrhma/twn, ou)k a)ntikatallatto/menos xrh/mata tou= kalou=,
plou=ton th\n a)reth\n tiqe/menos, ou)de\n a)\n lh=mma prosie/menos w(=| tis
ai)sxu/nh pro/sestin, h(de/ws a)\n ei)s a(\ dei= didou\s %h)\ lamba/nwn a)f'
w(=n ou) dei=%.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata megalofrosu/nh, megaloyuxi/a, me
galognwmosu/nh, e)leuqeri/a.
r(h/mata d' a)po\ me\n tw=n ou)k e)/stin,
a)po\ de\ tw=n pampo/nhra.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata megalofro/nws, mega
loyu/xws, megalognwmo/nws, e)leuqe/rws.
pa/lin de\ kaq' e(/teron xrei/as ei)=dos feidwlo/s, gli/sxros, ta
mieutiko/s, a)kribh/s, qhsauropoio/s, qhsauristiko/s, qhsauristh/s,
tamieutiko/s, katoru/ttwn to\ a)rgu/rion, frouro\s xrhma/twn,
fu/lac a)rguri/ou, a)/grupnos ei)s th\n fulakh/n, tw=| balanti/w| proste
thkw/s, danei/zwn e)/ggua danei/smata, nautika\ kai\ e)kdo/seis, e)pi\ mega/lois
to/kois parakinduneu/wn, e)pi\ ke/rdous e)lpi/di.
mikropreph/s, a)neleu/
qeros, doulopreph/s.
*pla/twn d' e)n *parmeni/dh|
(
ei)/rhken, *eu)/polis de\
(
ei)=des xorhgo\n pw/pote r(uparw/teron
tou=de;
qa=tton a)\n tou= ai(/matos h)\ xrhma/twn metadou/s tini, oi)ktro/s, steno/s,
a)/qlios, kakodai/mwn, tapeino/s, e)leeino/s, a)/gxwn tou\s xrh/stas, ta\ de\ r(h/
mata fei/desqai, tamieu/ein tamieu/esqai, qhsauropoiei=n, frourei=n,
a)grupnei=n, fula/ttein.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata feidwli/a, tami/eia: froura\
xrhma/twn, th/rhsis, fulakh/: mikroyuxi/a, a)neleuqeri/a, mikro
pre/peia, kai\ w(s *kriti/as
(
kakodaimoni/a, a)qlio/ths, oi)ktro/ths.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata feidwlw=s,
gli/sxrws, tamieutikw=s: toi=s ga\r a)/llois a)/n tis dusxera/neien.
o( d'
u(penanti/ws diakei/menos a)feidh/s, a)tami/eutos, a)/swtos, e)kkexume/nos,
a)qhsau/ristos, a)pro/optos tou= me/llontos, ou) periskopw=n to\ me/llon,
o(/los th=s th/meron h(me/ras, r(i/ptwn ta\ xrh/mata, katedhdokw\s ta\
patrw=|a, katanali/skwn, e)kxe/wn, a)pollu/s, spaqw=n th\n ou)si/an,
katakubeu/wn, katapornokopw=n, e)fh/meros tw=| bi/w|.
e)pirrh/mata d'
a)feidw=s, a)tamieu/tws, a)proo/ptws tou= me/llontos, a)perio/ptws,
a)periske/ptws, a)tekma/rtws, a)proora/tws.
tw=n de\ pragma/twn o)no/
mata ou)k e)/stin o(/ti mh\ a)swti/a.
tw=| de\ feidwlw=| met' e)pai/nou
a)nti/keitai e)ktenh/s, dayilh/s, lampro/s, a)/fqonos, filo/timos, e)leuqe/rios,
fila/nqrwpos, filo/dwros megalo/dwros polu/dwros, toi=s deome/nois
e)parkw=n, tw=n o)/ntwn metadidou/s, megalopreph/s, e)leuqeropreph/s.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata dayi/leia, lampro/ths, a)feidi/a, a)fqoni/a, mega
lopre/peia, filotimi/a, filodwri/a megalodwri/a poludwri/a, e)leu
qerio/ths: h( ga\r e)leuqeropre/peia kai\ e)kte/neia to\ me\n sklhro\n
to\ de\ eu)tele/s.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata dayilw=s, e)ktenw=s a)fqo/nws,
megaloprepw=s, a)ne/dhn, xu/dhn, e)leuqeroprepw=s, e)leuqeri/ws, filo
ti/mws, filanqrw/pws, filodw/rws megalodw/rws, lamprw=s, r(h/mata
de\ lampru/nesqai, e)pidayileu/esqai, filanqrwpeu/esqai, e)pidido/nai
toi=s xrh/|zousin, e)pikourei=n toi=s deome/nois, filotimei=sqai.
*pro/qumos, e)rrwme/nos, r(wmale/os, sfodro/s, su/ntonos, sunte
tame/nos, filo/timos, filo/ponos, filergo/s, neaniko/s, eu)/rwstos, gen
nai=os, genna/das, genniko/s, e)nergo/s, a)/oknos, e)leuqerourgo/s, a)ndrei=os
a)ndriko\s a)ndrw/dhs, e)qelourgo/s, e)grhgorw/s, i)/ths, a)/grupnos,
frontisth/s, a)profa/sistos, e(/toimos, pro/xeiros.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata
proqumi/a, r(w/mh, sfodro/ths, filergi/a: h( ga\r filoponi/a eu)tele/s,
w(/sper kai\ h( a)okni/a, a)grupni/a.
eu)rwsti/a de\ kai\ a)ndri/a kai\
a)ndrismo/s: h( ga\r a)ndreio/ths sklhro/n, h( de\ gennaio/ths th\n eu)ge/
neian dhloi=.
e)grh/gorsis, neanieu/mata.
a)po\ de\ tw=n a)/llwn ou)k
e)/sti pragma/twn o)no/mata a)lla\ r(h/mata, e)ntei=nai suntei=nai e)pi
suntei=nai, ponh=sai e)piponh=sai, neanieu/sasqai e)pineanieu/sasqai,
a)ndri/sasqai, e)grhgore/nai, fronti/zein, a)grupnei=n, e)rrw=sqai, eu)rwstei=n:
ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn bi/aia.
e)pirrh/mata de\ r(wmale/ws, e)rrw
me/nws, sfodrw=s, e)ntetame/nws, e)nto/nws sunto/nws, filopo/nws,
filergw=s, a)o/knws, a)ndrei/ws a)ndrwdw=s a)ndrikw=s, e)qelourgw=s,
e)nergw=s, e(toi/mws, a)gru/pnws, pefrontisme/nws, e)grhgoro/tws, a)pro
fasi/stws, proqu/mws.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a bla/c, blakiko/s, malako/s,
a)nabeblhme/nos, u(perballo/menos, mellhth/s, e)klelume/nos, a)mblu/s,
bradu/s, a)du/natos, a)sqenh/s, a)napeptwkw/s, a)/qumos, a)rgo/s, a)/rrwstos,
a)/nandros, o)knw/dhs, katanusta/zwn, a)pokaqeu/dwn, a)pokaqh/menos,
o)li/gwros, r(a/|qumos, a)melh/s, u(/ptios, nwqro/s, nwqh/s.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata
blakei/a, malaki/a, a)mblu/ths, braduth/s, mellhsmo/s, a)dunami/a, a)dunasi/a,
a)sqe/neia, a)rgi/a, a)rrwsti/a, o)/knos, e)/klusis, a)qumi/a, r(a|qumi/a,
a)nandri/a, nw/qeia, nwqro/ths, o)ligwri/a, a)me/leia, u(ptio/ths.
kai\ ta\
me\n r(h/mata blakeu/ein, a)melei=n, a)napeptwke/nai, me/llein diame/llein,
u(perba/llesqai, e)klelu/sqai, a)rgei=n katargei=n, u(ptia/zein, o)knei=n
katoknei=n, katanusta/zein, kaqeu/dein, a)pokaqh=sqai a)pokaqe/zesqai,
o)ligwrei=n, r(a|qumei=n, bradu/nein, a)rrwstei=n_be/ltion de\ to\ a)r
rw/stws e)/xein_a)qumei=n e)caqumei=n.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata bla
kwdw=s, blakikw=s, blakwde/steron, malakw=s, a)bleme/ws, brade/ws,
a)napeptwko/tws, a)nabeblhme/nws, e)klelume/nws, a)qu/mws, a)rgw=s, a)n
a/ndrws, a)rrw/stws, o)knhrw=s, o)ligw/rws, r(a|qu/mws, a)gennw=s, a)me
lw=s, nwqrw=s, u(pti/ws, a)sqenw=s, a)duna/tws.
*diaqe/sqai forti/on, a)podo/sqai, pwlh=sai, a)pempolh=sai, a)nti
katalla/casqai pro\s a)rgu/rion, a)lla/casqai pro\s a)rgu/rion, a)po
khru=cai, kaphleu=sai, metabale/sqai: a)pwnhqh/setai de\ to\ pepra/setai
*qeo/pompos ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s
(
qesis, a)po/dosis, ei) mh\ a)mfi/bolon, pra=sis, e)mpo/lhsis, a)llagh/, a)po
kh/rucis, kaphlei/a, metabolh/: *cenofw=n
(
lhsis ei)/rhken.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata ka/phlos, prath/r, metaboleu/s,
pwlhth/s: *(uperei/dhs de\ kai\ pra/thn ei)/rhken e)n tw=| *sunhgorikw=|
(
a)po\ ga\r tw=n a)/llwn ou)k e)/stin, w(/sper ou)d' e)pirrh/mata plh\n kaph
likw=s kai\ metablhtikw=s.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n a)ndrapo/dwn e)/stin ei)pei=n
kata\ *dhmosqe/nhn
(
la/kis praqei/s, o(\n ei)/poi tis a)\n pali/mpraton, pali/mbolos a)\n le/goito.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n pollou= piprasko/ntwn ei)/pois a)\n e)pitimw=sin, a)nati
mw=ntai, e)pitei/nousi ta\s tima/s, w(s to\ e)nanti/on e)peuwni/zousin, a)/cia
pipra/skousin.
o( de\ to/pos prath\r li/qos kai\ pwlhth/rion kai\ w(s
*(hro/dotos
(para\ de\ tou= pipra/skontos w)nh/
sasqai, a)gora/sai, pri/asqai, kai\ w)nhto/s, kai\ w)nou/menos kai\ w)nhtiw=n
kai\ a)gora/zwn.
a)nt' o)noma/twn au(=tai metoxai/: o( ga\r a)gorasth\s
e)pi\ tou= o)ywnou=ntos te/taktai.
kai\ *pla/twn d' o( kwmiko\s
(
`224 ko
ei) para/ tini, e)n de\ paroimi/a|.
to\ de\ pra=gma w)nh\ kai\ a)gora/.
*cenofw=n
(
e)/tacen.
*pla/twn
(
a)gorasi/as *thleklei/dhs
(ta\ de\ piprasko/mena forti/a,
r(w=pos, a)gora/smata, w)/nia, ge/lgh, ei) mh\ kwmikw/teron
(
`304 ko
pra/simon ei)/rhken e)n th=| *paidei/a|
(
teron eu(rw\n mnhmoneu/w.
e)pi/rrhma d' ou)k e)/stin a)p' ou)deno/s.
*)agei=rai sunagei=rai, sulle/cai sulle/casqai, a)qroi=sai, a)qroi/
sasqai, sunaqroi=sai, sunaqroi/sasqai, pori/sai sumpori/sai sum
pori/sasqai, sunenegkei=n, suna/gein, susth=sai susth/sasqai, sumforh=sai
sumforh/sasqai, sunerani/sai.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata a)germo\s sunagermo/s,
a)/qroisis suna/qroisis, sunaqroismo\s a)qroismo/s, po/ros, suna
gwgh/, e)/ranos, sullogh/, su/stasis: du/sfqegkta de\ ta\ loipa/.
o)/noma
de\ mo/non o( sullogeu/s: e(/teron ga/r ti o( e)ranisth\s kai\ o( a)gu/rths.
to\ d' e)nanti/on e)kxe/ai, r(i=yai diarri=yai, proe/sqai, spaqh=sai, a)pole/sai,
diaspei=rai.
e)pi/rrhma d' e(\n mo/non to\ e)kkexume/nws.
o)/noma d' ou)k
e)/stin ou)de\ pra=gma, a)lla\ metoxai/.
*)anu/poiston, du/soiston_*eu)/polis
(
kai\ dusa/lghton_dusa/nekton dusana/sxeton, ou)k a)nekto/n, ou) fo
rhto/n, du/sforon a)fo/rhton, e)pi/ponon, baru/, fortiko/n, e)paxqe/s,
kai\ kata\ *qoukudi/dhn
(
kai\ to\ dusanasxetou=ntes
(ei)/h d' a)\n a)po\
tw=n proeirhme/nwn r(h=ma kai\ to\ dusforei=n.
kai\ e)pirrh/mata a)nu
poi/stws, dusoi/stws, a)forh/tws, dusane/ktws dusanasxe/tws, dusfo/rws,
fortikw=s, bare/ws, e)paxqw=s.
lo/gw| d' e)/stin ei)pei=n, o(\ ou)k a)/n tis
u(pomei/neien, o(\ ou)k a)/n tis e)ne/gkai, ti/s d' a)\n u(penegkei=n dunhqei/h;
ti/s d' ou)k a)\n e)pi\ tou/tw| dusxera/neien; kai\ a)/lla plei/w.
to\ d'
e)nanti/on kou=fon, eu)/foron, oi)sto/n, a)nqrw/pinon, a)nekto/n, forhto/n,
a)na/sxeton.
kai\ kou/fws, eu)fo/rws, a)nqrwpi/nws, a)nektw=s: to\ ga\r
oi)stw=s kai\ forhtw=s kaki/w.
*)/allhs de\ xrei/as du/skolon, dusmene/s, du/stropon, dustra/
pelon, palintra/pelon, dusxere/s, du/sprakton, duskate/rgaston,
duskata/prakton, pali/gkoton, pali/mbolon, kako/hqes, u(/poulon,
dolero/n, kakou=rgon, panou=rgon, e)pi/skion, seshro/s, deduko/s, sko
teino/n, skolio/n, duspete/s, e)rgw=des, a)llo/koton, w(=n e)/nia kai\ e(te/ras
e)sti\ xrei/as.
kai\ dusko/lws, dusmenw=s, dustro/pws, dustrape/lws,
dusxerw=s, a)lloko/tws, palimbo/lws, kakoh/qws, u(pou/lws, dolerw=s,
kakou/rgws, panou/rgws, seshro/tws: ta\ d' a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn fau
lo/tera.
kai\ o)no/mata a)rrenika\ a)po\ pa/ntwn, kai\ ta\ pra/gmata
e)k tw=n plei/stwn: duskoli/a, dustropi/a, dusme/neia, dusxe/reia, dus
trapeli/a, palintrapeli/a, palimboli/a, kakoh/qeia, kakourgi/a, pa
nourgi/a: ponhra\ de\ ta\ *pla/twnos e)n *filh/bw|
(
ra/smata.
r(h/mata de\ duskolai/nein, dusmenai/nein, kakourgei=n, pa
nourgei=n: ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn du/sfqegkta.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a
r(a/|dion, pro/xeiron, eu)xere/s, eu)/kolon, eu)pete/s, eu)/prakton, a)/ponon,
eu)kate/rgaston, a(plou=n te kai\ a)pa/nourgon, kai\ eu)/tropon kai\ fa
nero\n kai\ a)napeptame/non kai\ a)/dolon kai\ eu)qu\ kai\ a)paraka/lupton.
kai\ ta\ a)p' au)tw=n e)pirrh/mata, kai\ o)no/mata a)rrenika/, kai\ a)p' e)ni/wn
pra/gmata.
*ki/ndunos, kindunw=des, e)piki/ndunon, deino/n, e)kplhktiko/n,
fobero/n, e)pidee/s, sfalero/n, e)pisfale/s.
kai\ filoki/ndunos, r(iyo
ki/ndunos, qrasu/s, tolmhro/s, pa/ntolmos, parakinduneutiko/s, e)qe
loki/ndunos, r(a|diourgo/s, qermourgo/s, i)tamo/s, a)ponenohme/nos, para
beblhme/nos: to\ ga\r leourgo\s para\ *cenofw=nti
(
fortiko/n.
a)lla\ pro/xeiros ei)s ta\ deina/, e(/toimos ei)s ta\ sfalera/,
propeth/s, tolmhth/s.
"ka)\n ei)s pu=r a(/loito, ka)\n ei)s maxai/ras ku
bisth/sai." kai\ tau=ta me\n a)\n ei)/pois ye/gwn, e)painw=n d' eu)/tolmos,
qarrale/os, eu)qarsh/s, a)/fobos, a)deh/s, a)ne/kplhktos, eu)/yuxos: to\ d'
i)/ths koino\n e)f' e(kate/rou.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata e)pi\ me\n yo/gou qermour
gi/a, r(a|diourgi/a, to/lma, qrasu/ths, qra/sos, a)po/noia, eu)xe/reia, pro
pe/teia, e)pi\ d' e)pai/nou qa/rsos, eu)yuxi/a, eu)tolmi/a, a)/deia.
to\ ga\r
a)fobi/a pa/nu eu)tele/s.
r(h/mata de\ tou= me\n tau=ta mo/na, qra
su/nesqai, tolma=n, parakinduneu/ein, paraba/llesqai, a)ponenoh=sqai,
tou= de\ mo/na eu)yuxei=n te kai\ qarrei=n.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata tolmhrw=s
tolmhro/tata, qrase/ws qrasu/tata, filokindu/nws, r(iyokindu/nws,
parakekinduneume/nws, parakinduneutikw=s, parabeblhme/nws, a)po
nenohme/nws, propetw=s, i)tamw=s: kai\ ta\ e)paineta\ eu)to/lmws, qar
rale/ws, eu)qarsw=s, a)fo/bws, a)dew=s, eu)yu/xws, a)nekplh/ktws, w(=n
e)ni/ois kai\ ta\ u(perqetika\ ou) kaki/w pro/sestin.
e)k de\ tou)nanti/ou
deilo/s, a)podeiliw=n, a)qarsh/s, a)/nandros, e)pideh\s katadeh/s, sunestal
me/nos, katepthxw/s, a)gennh/s, eu)labh/s, peri/fobos, filo/yuxos filo
sw/matos, a)/tolmos, kataplh/c: o( ga\r a)/yuxos i)diwtiko/n, kai\ o( pta/kis
sfo/dra kwmiko/n
(kai\ ta\ pra/gmata deili/a,
a)tolmi/a, o)/knos, eu)la/beia, a)nandri/a, filoswmati/a filoyuxi/a, kata
plhgi/a.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata deilia=n a)podeilia=n, o)knei=n katoknei=n, eu)la
bei=sqai, katepthxe/nai, filoyuxei=n filoswmatei=n: kai\ a)p' au)tw=n
ai( metoxai\ a)podeiliw=n, eu)labou/menos, katepthxw/s, filoyuxw=n fi
loswmatw=n, o)knw=n katoknw=n.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata deilw=s, a)gennw=s,
a)to/lmws, a)na/ndrws, eu)labw=s, sunestalme/nws, katepthxo/tws, e)pi
dew=s katadew=s, a)qarsw=s, perifo/bws, e)pifo/bws, filoyu/xws filo
swma/tws.
*)egkalei=n e)pikalei=n, me/mfesqai katame/mfesqai, ai)tia=sqai
kataitia=sqai, ai)ti/an e)pa/gein, profe/rein, diaba/llein, o)neidi/zein, fai/
nein, kathgorei=n, e)ndei/knusqai gra/fesqai: kai\ kat' a)/llhn xrei/an
ye/gein, loidorei=n loidorei=sqai, kakologei=n, kakhgorei=n, blasfhmei=n,
kaki/zein.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata me/myis kata/memyis, e)/gklhma, ai)ti/a_*)anti
fw=n
(
diabolh/, e)/ndeicis, grafh/, kathgori/a, fa/sis: kai\ tw=n deute/rwn
loidori/a, yo/gos, kakologi/a kakhgori/a, blasfhmi/a, kakismo/s, ei) mh\
biaio/teron.
o)no/mata de\ filegklh/mwn, memyi/moiros, filai/tios,
o)neidistiko/s: kai\ pa/lin filo/yogos, filoloi/doros, kakh/goros.
ta\
d' e)pirrh/mata filegklhmo/nws, memyimoi/rws, filaiti/ws, diabo/lws,
o)neidistikw=s, kai\ filoyo/gws, blasfh/mws, filoloido/rws: ta\ ga\r
a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn bi/aia.
kaloi=to d' a)\n o( me\n e)/noxos u(pai/tios, u(/po
xos, u(peu/qunos, e)gklhte/os, e)pilh/yimos, mempto\s e)pi/memptos, e)pi/
yogos, e)pi/rrhtos, o( d' a)nai/tios a)neu/qunos, a)/memptos, a)/yogos,
a)ne/gklhtos.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata u(paiti/ws, u(peuqu/nws, memptw=s, e)pir
rh/tws, kai\ a)naiti/ws, a)negklh/tws, a)neuqu/nws, a)me/mptws.
*)agwnoqe/tai, a)qloqe/tai, a)gw/nwn diaqe/tai, a)/qlwn e)pimelhtai/,
e)/foroi, prosta/tai, e)pi/skopoi, e)po/ptai.
to\ de\ pra=gma a)gwnoqesi/a,
a)qloqesi/a h)\ w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
dia/qesis, a)/qlwn e)pime/leia, prostasi/a, e)/poyis.
kai\ a)qloqetei=n, a)gw=nas
diatiqe/nai, a)/qlwn e)pimelei=sqai, a)=qla e)fora=n, a)gw/nwn proesta/nai
kai\ proesthke/nai, kai\ a)/rxein, kai\ prutaneu/ein ta\ peri\ tou\s a)gw=nas.
a)po\ d' a)gw=nos o)no/mata a)gw/nisis para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
a)gw/nisma, kai\ a)gw/nioi qeoi\ para\ *pla/twni
(
et vi 783 a
par' *)isokra/tei
(
de\ th\n a)gwnoqesi/an a)gwnoqh/khn moxqhrw=s e)ka/lesen.
e)/sti d' e)k
tou/twn a)gwnisth\s a)ntagwnisth\s sunagwnisth/s, a)gwni/sasqai
sunagwni/sasqai a)ntagwni/sasqai a)ntagwnistiko/s a)nagw/nistos a)gw
nistiko/s a)nantagw/nistos, dusagw/nistos dusantagw/nistos, a)gwnisti
kw=s dusantagwni/stws, proa/gwn, e)pagwni/sasqai, sunagwnisa/
menos, e)pagwnisa/menos, prosagwnisa/menos.
tw=n d' a)gw/nwn oi( me\n gumnikoi/, oi( de\ kalou/menoi skhnikoi\
o)nomasqei=en a)\n *dionusiakoi/ te kai\ mousikoi/: oi( d' *)attikoi\ ou) r(a|
di/ws le/gousin a)gw=nas mousikou/s, a)lla\ mousikh=s.
kai\ to\ me\n pra=gma
a)gw\n kai\ a)gwni/a: kai\ semno/teron ei)/pois a)\n a)gwni/ai gumnikai\
kai\ a)gwni/ai *dionusiakai/.
kai\ spondw=n e)paggeli/ai, kai\ e)kexei
ri/as e)paggeli/ai.
xwri/a de\ tw=n me\n sta/dion tw=n de\ qe/atron, koinoi\
d' e)p' a)mfote/rois qeatai/.
kai\ ta\ me\n o)nomazo/mena u(po\ tw=n pollw=n
e)/paqla a)=qla kaloi=t' a)\n koinw=s e)p' a)mfoi=n kai\ nikhth/ria kai\ e)pi/
xeira kai\ ge/ra: i)di/ws d' e)pi\ tw=n gumnikw=n a)=qloi oi( po/noi,
kai\ to\ a)qlei=n ka/mnein, ponei=n: w(/sper e)pi\ tw=n mousikw=n i)/dion,
o(/ fhsi *dhmosqe/nhs
(kai\ oi(
gumnikoi\ me\n kuri/ws a)qlhtai\ kalou=ntai kai\ a)skhtai\ kai\ a)gwni
stai/, kai\ oi( a)nti/paloi au)tw=n a)ntagwnistai/.
a)po\ de\ tw=n a)qlhtw=n
kai\ ta\ a)qlh/mata para\ *dhmosqe/nei e)n tw=| *)erwtikw=|
(
ei) *dhmosqe/nous e)sti\ to\ bibli/on, kai\ to\ a)qleu/ein para/ te toi=s
poihtai=s
(
to\ a)qlei=n.
biazo/menos d' a)\n kai\ e)p' e)kei/nwn ei)/poi tis *dionusiakh=s
a)gwni/as a)qlhtai/.
kai\ kalou=ntai mousikoi\ kai\ *dionusiakoi\ texni=
tai.
o)noma/sais d' a)\n kai\ tou/tous ka)kei/nous a)gwnista/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pir
rh/mata mousikw=s, a)qlhtikw=s, a)skhtikw=s, a)gwnistikw=s.
a)lla\ toi=s me\n
kritai\ ka/qhntai, toi=s de\ gumnikoi=s e)festa=si brabeutai/, ou(\s kai\
brabe/as o( *pla/twn
(
kai\ r(abdou=xoi.
tou\s de\ brabeuta\s kai\ e)pista/tas w)no/mazon, o(/qen
kai\ to\ brabeu/ein e)pistatei=n *sofoklh=s
(kai\ to\ me\n
pro\ tou= stefa/nou sumple/kesqai peri\ brabei/ou h)\ e)pi\ brabei/w|
fai/h tis a)/n, to\ de\ peri\ tou= stefa/nou h)\ e)pi\ tw=| stefa/nw|, peri\
foi/nikos h)\ e)pi\ foi/niki.
ta\ me\n ou)=n tw=n mousikw=n o)no/mata e)n toi=s peri\ mousikh=s ei)rh/
setai, ta\ de\ tw=n gumnikw=n dolixo/s, dolixodro/mos, kai\ o( to\n
dolixo\n tre/xwn, kai\ o( to\n makro\n dro/mon a)gwnizo/menos: *ai)sxi/nhs
d' o( r(h/twr
(sta/dion kai\
stadiodro/mos kai\ stadieu/s: *)aristofa/nhs
(
stadiodro/mhs ei)/rhken.
to\ de\ proekphda=n proani/stasqai *stra/ttis
ei)=pen
(
ti/ d' w(/sper oi( stadiodro/moi proani/stasai;
di/aulos, kai\ o( tou= diau/lou a)gwnisth/s, kai\ a)gwnizo/menos to\ diplou=n,
sta/dion kai\ i(/ppion dro/mon, kai\ dro/mon to\n e)n kamph=|.
kai\ o(/qen
me\n a)fi/entai, a)/fesis kai\ u(/splhgc kai\ grammh\ kai\ balbi/s, peri\ d'
o(\ ka/mptousi, nu/ssa kai\ kampth/r: i(/na de\ pau/ontai, te/los kai\ te/rma
kai\ bath/r, e)ni/ois de\ kai\ balbi/s.
o)no/mata de\ dromiko/s, su/ndromos,
i)so/dromos, qa/ttwn, koufo/teros, o)cu/teros, e)lafro/teros, spoudaio/teros,
dromikw/teros, e)pi/dromos, pro/dromos.
kai\ dro/moi custoi\ e)n oi(=s ai(
a)skh/seis, kai\ *filippi/dhs o( h(merodro/mos, kai\ u(podramei=n to\ kola
keu=sai.
kai\ i(ppo/dromos kai\ i(ppodromi/a, kai\ e)/kdromos i(/ppos, para\
d' *ai)sxi/nh| tw=| r(h/tori
(to\ me/ntoi prodramei=n
e)a/santa e)pidiw=cai, o(/per e)n tai=s sfairomaxi/ais gi/netai, prodo/sqai
e)le/geto.
pa/lh kai\ palaisth\s kai\ palaistiko/s, palai/smata palaistikw=s,
i)so/palos, a)nti/palos.
sugkeklhrwme/nos, sullaxw/n, e)/fedros.
pa
lai/ein, diapalai/ein, katapalai/ein, prospalai/ein.
kai\ oi( me\n dromei=s
e)lafroi/, kou=foi, podw/keis, taxei=s, spoudai=oi tou\s po/das, kai\ kou/fws,
e)lafrw=s, w)ke/ws, taxe/ws, spoudai/ws: oi( de\ palaistai\ barei=s, sta/simoi,
mo/nimoi, w)mi/ai, a)ntereido/menoi, sumpleko/menoi, kai\ bare/ws, sta
si/mws, moni/mws.
pugmh\ kai\ pu/kths kai\ puktiko\s kai\ plhktiko/s, kai\ pu\c pai/ein.
ei)/pois d' a)\n e)pi\ tou= pu/ktou xei=res w(plisme/nai, xei=res o(pli/tides: kai\
ta\ o(/pla sfai=rai, a)f' w(=n kai\ to\ sfairomaxei=n, kai\ sfairomaxi/a par'
*)aristome/nei e)n *dionu/sw| a)skhth=|
(
ta\ o(/pla, kai\ i(ma/ntes.
pagkra/tion, pagkratiasth/s, pagkrati
astiko/s, kai\ pagkratiastikw=s e)pi/rrhma.
skiamaxei=n, a)kro
xeiri/zesqai, a)kroxeirismo/s, a)/gxein, a)popni/gein, pu\c pai/ein, la\c e)na/l
lesqai, lakti/zein.
e)pi\ de\ tou/twn ei)/pois a)\n w(s ei)si\ pa/mmaxoi,
kaqa/per *pla/twn tou\s peri\ to\n *eu)qu/dhmon
(
e)ston komidh=| pamma/xw kata\ tou\s *)akarna=nas tou\s pagkratiasta/s."
pe/ntaqlos o( ta\ pe/nte a)gwnizo/menos.
i)/dia d' au)tw=| phda=n,
a(/llesqai, phdhtiko/s, a(ltiko/s.
phdhtikw=s, a(ltikw=s.
kai\ o(/qen a(/l
letai, bath/r, a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ "to\n bath=ra ke/krouken:" to\ de\ me/tron
tou= phdh/matos kanw/n, o( d' o(/ros ta\ e)skamme/na, o(/qen e)pi\ tw=n to\n
o(/ron u(perphdw/ntwn oi( paroimiazo/menoi le/gousi "phda=n u(pe\r ta\
e)skamme/na." a)kontistiko/s, a)kontistikw=s: kai\ to\ a)ko/ntion tw=n penta/
qlwn kalei=tai a)potoma/s.
to\ de\ di/skon a)fei=nai, di/skon e)kpe/myai,
di/skon r(i=yai, di/skw| u(pofe/resqai.
e)pi\ de\ penta/qlou to\ nikh=sai
a)potria/cai le/gousin.
o(pli/ths dro/mos, kai\ o( to\n o(pli/thn di/aulon
qe/wn, kai\ o(plitodro/mos.
o( de\ nikh/sas ta\ a)=qla a)nei/leto, to\n ste/fanon a)nei/leto, th\n
r(a/bdon tou= foi/nikos e)/laben h)\ to\n foi/nika e)/laben, e)stefanw/qh,
a)nerrh/qh, e)khru/xqh, a)nhgoreu/qh, a)nede/qh tw=| stefa/nw|, a)nekh
ru/xqh, a)nei=pen au)to\n o( kh=ruc.
kai\ to\ pra=gma a)na/desis stefa/nou,
kai\ stefanhfori/a, kai\ a)na/rrhsis kai\ a)nago/reusis kai\ a)nakh/rucis.
ta\ de\ tw=n e)nergou/ntwn r(h/mata a)neipei=n, a)nakhru=cai, a)nagoreu=sai,
a)nadh=sai, stefanw=sai, tainiw=sai: *cenofw=n
(?
) ga\r ei)/rhken "e)taini/oun
te kai\ prosh/|esan w(/sper a)qlhth=|."
koina\ d' e)pi\ pa/ntwn a)nagkofagh=sai, a)skh=sai a)skhqh=nai, a)qlh=
sai, gumna/sasqai, ponh=sai, a)gwni/sasqai.
kai\ o)/noma kalo\n h( a)/skhsis.
kai\ gumnastikh\ h( te/xnh, kai\ gumnasi/a to\ pra=gma, kai\ gumnastikw=s
to\ e)pi/rrhma par' *)aristofa/nei
(kai\ a)podu=nai kai\
gumna/sasqai para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(kai\ gumna/sion
to\ xwri/on.
e)lai/w| xri/sasqai, li/pa a)lei/yasqai, koni/sasqai.
tou\s me\n ou)=n kaloume/nous i(erou\s a)gw=nas, w(=n ta\ a)=qla e)n ste
fa/nw| mo/nw|, stefani/tas e)ka/lesan kai\ fulli/nas, tou\s d' o)no
mazome/nous qematikou\s a)rguri/tas.
e)k de\ tw=n a)gwnistikw=n o)noma/twn kai\ o( mastigono/mos kai\ o(
r(abdou=xos, kai\ o( r(a/bdw| kosmw=n, fhsi\n o( *pla/twn
(
*cenofw=n de\ kai\ mastigofo/ron pou
(
ta\ de\ xwri/a th=s a)skh/sews a)poduth/rion, gumna/sion, palai/stra, ko
ni/stra.
kai\ o( e)festhkw\s paidotri/bhs te kai\ gumnasth/s, a)f' ou(= kai\
suggumnasth\s para\ *pla/twni
(
(paidotribikh\n
de\ te/xnhn *)isokra/ths
(
fa/nhs
(
miko/s
(ei)/h d' a)\n e)k tou/twn chraloifei=n, swmaskei=n,
swmaski/as seswmaskhkw/s, a)skomaxei=n, a)skhth\s a)skh/mata a)/skhsis:
*pla/twn
(kai\
lh/kuqon d' a)\n ei)/pois kai\ stleggi/da: e)kalei=to de\ kai\ stleggi\s
kai\ cu/stra kai\ spaqi/s.
kai\ to\n pai=da e)rei=s lhkuqofo/ron: po
nhro\n ga\r o( stleggidolh/kuqos.
to\n de\ qu/laka tw=n a)skhtw=n h)\
sa/kkon kalou=sin h)\ sa/ktan.
a)qlhtai=s d' a)\n prosh/koien kai\
ai( e)ndromi/des: ou(/tw d' e)kalou=nto ta\ tw=n drome/wn u(podh/mata.
*kra/ths d' e)/fh e)n *(/hrwsin
(
a(lth=rsi qula/koisi xrh=sai to\ me/geqos.
a)/gxein, stre/fein, a)pa/gein, lugi/zein, a)gkuri/zein, r(a/ssein, a)natre/pein,
u(poskeli/zein.
kai\ plagia/zein de\ kai\ klimaki/zein palaisma/twn o)no/
mata: moxqhro\n ga\r to\ mesope/rdhn e)n th=| kwmw|di/a|
(
`1078 koh)/dh de/ tines tou\s gumnikou\s a)gw=nas
semno/teron *(hraklei/ous a)gw=nas e)ka/lesan.
"lu=to d' a)gw/n," kai\ e)/stw
te/los tou= bibli/ou.
*)iou/lios *poludeu/khs *kommo/dw| *kai/sari xai/rein.
oi)=mai kai\ se/, ei)
kai\ ne/os ei)=, polla\ proseceurh/sein oi(=s e)/graya: ou) ga\r e)rgw/dhs h(
mi/mhsis kata\ th\n th=s eu(re/sews u(fh/ghsin.
a)\n de/ ti/ se o)/noma w(s
pareime/non e)pe/lqh|, mh\ pa/nu qauma/sh|s.
i)/sws me\n ga\r au)to\
ka)\n ei)dw\s ei)/hn pareikw/s, a)ll' w(s ou)k e)painw=n: ei) de\ kai\ die/laqe/
me, eu)= i)/sq' o(/ti polla\ kai\ w(=n pa/nu i)/smen, e)/stin o(/t' e)pi\ th\n mnh/mhn
ou)k a)panta=|, o(/pou kai\ ta\ tw=n oi)ketw=n o)no/mata, a(\ ou)k a)\n fai=men w(s
ou)k i)/smen, e)kpi/ptei polla/kis xrh|zo/ntwn kalei=n.
kai\ ti/ dei= tou=to
qau=ma oi)/esqai, o(/pou ge kai\ tw=n skeuw=n tis "e)/stin a(\ e)/xwn e)n xeroi=n
w(s ou)k e)/xwn zhtei=." o(/ra dh\ ei)/ tis a)/llos tw=n nu=n *(ellh/nwn eu(=re
tosau=ta kai\ e)n tosou/tois.
e)/rrwso ku/rie.
*peri\ toi/nun e)pisthmw=n kai\ tw=n a)p' au)tw=n texnw=n e)n tou/tw|
r(hte/on.
e)pisth/mh, e)pisthmosu/nh, gnw=sis, a)lh/qeia, katano/hsis, dia/
skeyis, qewri/a, e)mpeiri/a, te/xnh, eu)texni/a, o)rqodoci/a.
kai\ ta\ o)no/
mata e)pisth/mwn, e)pisthmoniko/s, gnwstiko/s, gnwmoniko/s, qewrh
tiko/s, diagnwstiko/s, e)/mpeiros, texni/ths, texniko/s: o( ga\r docastiko\s
koino\n kai\ e)pi\ tou= ta\ yeudh= doca/zontos, o( d' a)lhqh\s kai\ o( fi
lalh/qhs kai\ a)/llo ti dhloi=, o( de\ katanohtiko\s eu)tele/s.
ta\ d'
e)pirrh/mata e)pisthmonikw=s, kai\ par' *(omh/rw|
(*k
me/nws, gnwstikw=s, gnwmonikw=s, qewrhtikw=s, e)mpei/rws, texnikw=s:
to\ ga\r docastikw=s a)mfi/bolon.
r(h/mata d' e)pi/stasqai, e)pisth=nai w(s
*pla/twn
(
qewrh=sai, periaqrh=sai, katanoh=sai, diaske/yasqai: a)po\ ga\r tw=n
loipw=n ou)k e)/sti r(h=ma plh\n tou= doca/sai, w(=| i)/sws prosqete/on
to\ o)rqw=s doca/sai h)\ o)rqh=| do/ch| xrh/sasqai h)\ u(giei= h)\ a)lhqei= h)\
a)planei= h)\ a)sfalei=.
to\ de\ texna/sai e(te/ras xrei/as.
tou/tois de\
ta)nanti/a a)nepisthmosu/nh, a)/gnoia, a)gnwsi/a: *)antifw=n
(yeu=dos, a)/noia: to\ ga\r
a)nohsi/a kai\ a)qeamosu/nh sklhra/, a)peiri/a de\ kai\ a)texni/a kai\
yeudodoci/a kai\ dokhsisofi/a *pla/twnos kai\ ei)ko\s
(
`92 b saep
`87 b saepkai\ ta\ o)no/mata a)nepisth/mwn, a)gnw/mwn, a)/nous, a)no/htos,
a)nohtai/nwn, a)qea/mwn, a)qe/atos, a)/peiros, a)/texnos, dokhsi/sofos,
w(s *)antifw=n
(
kai\ dokhsi/nous, o(\n kai\ dokhside/cion *kalli/as ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s
(kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)nepisthmo/nws, a)gnwmo/nws,
yeudw=s, a)noh/tws, a)qea/tws_to\ ga\r a)qeamo/nws biaio/teron_
a)pei/rws, a)te/xnws, ei)kastikw=s, o(moiwtikw=s.
kai\ do/ch| yeudei=
xrh=sqai, sfalera=|, peplanhme/nh|.
r(h/mata d' ou)k e)/stin o(/ti mh\ to\
ei)ka/zein.
e)k d' e)pisth/mhs a)reth/, a)ndragaqi/a, kalokagaqi/a, decio/ths,
sofi/a, filosofi/a, filologi/a, fro/nhsis, su/nesis, nou=s, logismo/s,
swfrosu/nh, karteri/a, e)gkra/teia, a)ndrei/a, eu)qumi/a, eu)rwsti/a, di
kaiosu/nh, dikaiopragi/a, eu)se/beia, o(sio/ths, eu)gnwmosu/nh, e)piei/keia,
megaloyuxi/a, megalognwmosu/nh, filanqrwpi/a, megalopre/peia.
kai\
ta\ o)no/mata kaloka/gaqos, sofo/s, filo/sofos, filo/logos, fro/
nimos, suneto/s, eu)/nous_o( ga\r noh/mwn poihtiko/n_decio/s,
eu)maqh/s, polumaqh/s, lelogisme/nos, sw/frwn, kartero/s, karteriko/s,
e)gkrath/s, a)ndrei=os, eu)/qumos, eu)/rwstos, di/kaios, eu)sebh/s, o(/sios,
fila/nqrwpos, e)pieikh/s, megalo/yuxos, megalognw/mwn, megalopreph/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata sofw=s, filoso/fws, filolo/gws, froni/mws,
sunetw=s, eu)/nws, lelogisme/nws, e)mfro/nws, karterw=s, karterikw=s,
e)gkratw=s, a)ndrei/ws, eu)qu/mws, eu)rw/stws, dikai/ws, o(si/ws, eu)sebw=s,
filanqrw/pws, e)pieikw=s, megaloyu/xws, megalognwmo/nws, megalo
prepw=s.
r(h/mata de\ mo/na filosofei=n, fronei=n, sunie/nai, noei=n,
logi/zesqai, swfronei=n, karterei=n, a)ndri/zesqai, dikaiopragei=n, eu)sebei=n,
eu)gnwmonei=n, filanqrwpeu/esqai.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a kaki/a, ponhri/a, moxqhri/a, faulo/ths_flauro/ths
de\ sklhro/n_, skaio/ths, a)paideusi/a, panourgi/a, a)maqi/a, misologi/a,
a)/noia, a)frosu/nh, a)sunesi/a, a)cunesi/a, a)kolasi/a, a)krasi/a, a)se/lgeia,
a)nandri/a, qrasu/ths, deili/a, a)rrwsti/a, a)diki/a, a)dikopragi/a, a)nosio/ths,
a)gnwmosu/nh, a)nepiei/keia, mikroyuxi/a_h( ga\r mikrognwmosu/nh
dusxere\s pro\s th\n a)koh/n_, a)se/beia, dusse/beia, misanqrwpi/a, a)p
anqrwpi/a, mikrofrosu/nh, mikropre/peia.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata kako/s,
ponhro/s, moxqhro/s, h(mimo/xqhros, fau=los, flau=ros, skaio/s, a)pai/
deutos, a)/sofos, ei) kai\ mh\ e)/stin h( a)sofi/a, panou=rgos, a)maqh/s, miso
lo/gos, a)/nous, a)no/htos, a)lo/gistos, ei) kai\ th\n a)logisti/an ou) prosete/on,
a)/frwn, a)cu/netos, a)su/netos, a)krath/s, a)selgh/s, a)ko/lastos, a)/nandros,
qrasu/s, deilo/s, a)/rrwstos, a)/dikos, a)no/sios, a)gnw/mwn, a)nepieikh/s,
mikro/yuxos, a)sebh/s, dussebh/s, misa/nqrwpos, mikro/frwn, o)ligo/frwn,
h)\ kata\ *cenofw=nta
(?
) mikropreph/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata moxqh
rw=s, fau/lws, flau/rws: to\ ga\r ponhrw=s eu)tele/s, skaiw=s de\ kai\
a)paideu/tws, a)so/fws, panou/rgws, a)maqw=s, misolo/gws, a)noh/tws,
a)logi/stws, a)fro/nws: mikrofro/nws ga\r kai\ o)ligofro/nws a)topw/
tera, ka/llion de\ mikroprepw=s.
r(h/mata d' a)po\ tw=n plei/stwn
ou)k e)/stin, a)lla\ mo/na tau=ta: ponhreu/esqai, panourgei=n, misologei=n,
a)nohtai/nein, a)maqai/nein: to\ d' a)frai/nein poihtikw/teron
(
u a)nti\ me/ntoi r(hma/twn toi=s e)pirrh/masi xrhste/on to\ e)/xein
au)toi=s prostiqe/nta, oi(=on skaiw=s e)/xein, moxqhrw=s e)/xein kai\ ta\
loipa/, kai\ kat' a)/llhn kli/sin sunapte/on au)toi=s th\n e)/xwn metoxh/n,
oi(=on a)maqw=s e)/xwn kai\ skaiw=s e)/xwn, kai/ pou kai\ skaiw=s diakei/
menos, kai\ e)pi\ pa/ntwn o(moi/ws.
*ei)/dh d' e)pisthmw=n h)\ texnw=n tw=n e)leuqeriwte/rwn gramma
tikh/, dialektikh/, r(htorikh/_h( au)th\ kai\ politikh\ kai\ sofistikh/_,
poihtikh/, mousikh/, a)stronomi/a, gewmetri/a, a)riqmhtikh/, statikh/,
i)atrikh/.
kai\ ta\ a)p' au)tw=n o)no/mata grammatisth\s kai\ grammatiko/s,
r(h/twr r(htoriko/s_o( au)to\s kai\ politiko/s_sofisth/s sofistiko/s,
poihth/s poihtiko/s, mousiko/s, a)strono/mos a)stronomiko/s, gewme/trhs
gewmetriko/s, a)riqmhtiko/s, statiko/s, i)atro/s i)atriko/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pir
rh/mata grammatikw=s, politikw=s, r(htorikw=s, sofistikw=s, poihtikw=s,
mousikw=s, a)stronomikw=s, gewmetrikw=s, a)riqmhtikw=s, statikw=s,
i)atrikw=s.
kai\ a)po\ me\n tou= grammatikou= r(h=ma ou)k e)/stin, ei) mh\
lo/gw| to\ grammatiko\n ei)=nai, r(htoreu/ein de/.
kai\ politiko\n ei)=nai:
ou)de\ ga\r tou/tw| r(h=ma u(po/keitai.
kai\ sofisth\n ei)=nai: ou)de\ ga\r
to\ sofisteu/ein e)n xrh/sei kekrime/nh|, a)ll' i)/sws a)nti\ tou/tou to\ pai
deu/ein, dokei= d' e)pi\ pa/ntwn koino\n ei)=nai.
a)po\ de\ tou= poihtou=
to\ poiei=n: a)lla\ kai\ tou=to dia\ th\n e)pi\ pollw=n xrh=sin a)mfi/bolon,
ei) mh/ tis au)tw=| prosqei/h to\ poih/mata.
paro/moia d' a)/n tis kai\
peri\ tou= mousikou= fai/h.
gewmetrei=n d' a)\n ei)/poi tis kai\ a)stro
nomei=n kai\ a)riqmei=n kai\ i(sta/nai kai\ i)a=sqai.
*kai\ e)pi\ me\n tou= grammatistou= r(hte/on dida/skein gra/m
mata, sullaba\s sumple/kein, gra/fein, a)naginw/skein, progra/fein
u(pogra/fein prosparagra/fein, tw=| grafei/w| paragra/fein, th=| para
grafi/di, a)postomati/zein.
kai\ delti/on de\ tw=n e)n grammatistou=,
kai\ puci/on kai\ puci/dion_e)/sti ga\r par' *)aristofa/nei
(
`845, 6 kokai\ *(hro/dotos
(
me\n le/gei "delti/on di/ptuxon," oi( d' *)attikoi\ "grammatei=on di/quron,"
kai\ qu/ras ta\s ptu/xas a)/xri du/o, ei)=ta ptu/xas, kai\ tri/ptuxon kai\
polu/ptuxon.
*(/omhros
(*z
gram
matei=on de\ para\ toi=s *)attikoi=s kai\ e)n w(=| a)rgu/rion a)pe/keito, o(\ kai\
"grammatei=on *boiw/tion" e)ka/loun: oi( de\ new/teroi au)to\ kai\ a)rguro
qh/khn w)no/mazon.
*)apollodw/rou de\ tou= *gelw/|ou
(
kai\ dra=ma e)/stin o( *grammateidiopoio/s.
*(hro/dotos
(
"grammatisth\n tw=n e)n *sa/i i(erw=n xrhma/twn" ei)/rhken a)nti\ grammate/ws.
*)aristofa/nhs de\ pai/zei e)n *qesmoforiazou/sais
(
mateu/s.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n e)pi\ tou= grammatistou= kai\ ta\ tou= *dh
mosqe/nous
(
kai\ to\ paidagwgei=on korei=n." to\ de\ paidagwgei=on kai\ didaskalei=on
kai\ fwleo\n e)ka/loun oi( palaioi/.
*)epi\ de\ tou= r(h/toros ei)/pois a)\n deino\s ei)pei=n, u(pe/rdeinos
pa/ndeinos, sofo\s ei)pei=n, pa/nsofos, decio/s, peritto/s, sunexh/s,
pukno/s, pro/xeiros, eu)/rous, r(a/|dios, polu/s, a)/fqonos, e)pimelh/s,
a)kribh/s h)kribwme/nos, e)skemme/nos perieskemme/nos, *(/ellhn, *)attiko/s,
polugnw/mwn, polu/nous, polulo/gos, eu)/glwttos, eu)/fwnos, braxu
lo/gos, su/ntomos, safh/s, sfodro/s, politiko/s, i)sxuro/s, dunato/s, e)/n
tonos, bi/aios, r(agdai=os, piqano/s, h(du/s, e)pagwgo/s, gluku/s,
a)feidh/s, eu)qurrh/mwn, e)legktiko/s, parrhsiastiko/s, a)nupo/stolos,
texni/ths, e)/ntexnos, baqu\s th\n gnw/mhn, pikro/s, eu)noiko/s, qumiko/s,
qumou= ge/mwn, xolh=s mesto/s, parocuntiko/s, "pollw=| r(e/wn," di/khn
potamou= r(e/wn, kata\ xio/na th\n sune/xeian, oi(=os e)gei=rai qumo/n,
o)rgh\n prau+=nai, oi)=kton e)pispa/sasqai, e)/leon e)kkale/sasqai, para
krou/sasqai, e)capath=sai, paragagei=n, parakrou=sai, parapei=sai,
fenaki/sai, sofi/sasqai, parenegkei=n, parasu=rai, klei=sai, sugklei=sai,
sugxe/ai th\n gnw/mhn, suntara/cai to\n logismo/n, da/kruon pro
kale/sasqai, parakroustiko/s, fenakistiko/s, peistiko/s, parapeistiko/s,
a)pathtiko/s.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata deino/ths, sofi/a, decio/ths, sune/xeia,
pukno/ths, eu)/roia, r(a|stw/nh, plh=qos, a)fqoni/a, e)pime/leia, a)kri/beia,
ske/yis, peri/skeyis, e(llhnismo/s, a)ttikismo/s, polugnwmosu/nh, polu/
noia, polulogi/a, eu)glwtti/a, eu)fwni/a, a)fqoni/a, braxulogi/a, sun
tomi/a, safh/neia, sfodro/ths, i)sxu/s, du/namis, bi/a, r(agdaio/ths,
piqano/ths, h(donh/, gluku/ths, eu)rhmosu/nh, te/xnh, kakoh/qeia, pi
kri/a, peiqw/, fenakismo/s, a)pa/th e)capa/th, parocusmo/s, deino
logi/a, oi)ktrologi/a, tapeinologi/a.
i(kano/ths d' ei)/rhke *lusi/as
e)n tw=| kata\ *pantale/ontos
(
w(/st' e)k tou/tou ei)/poi tis a)\n kai\ i(kanw=s kai\ i(kano/s.
a)po\ de\ tw=n
paraleifqe/ntwn ou)k e)/stin o)no/mata tou= pra/gmatos.
ta\ d' e)pir
rh/mata deinw=s, sofw=s, panso/fws, deciw=s, perittw=s, sunexw=s,
puknw=s, proxei/rws, eu)/rws, r(a|di/ws: to\ de\ pollw=s bi/aion, a)fqo/nws
de/, e)pimelw=s, a)kribw=s h)kribwme/nws, e)skemme/nws perieskemme/nws,
e(llhnikw=s, a)ttikw=s, polugnwmo/nws, polu/nws.
to\ de\ polulo/gws
paraithte/on, eu)glw/ttws de/, eu)fw/nws: kai\ to\ braxulo/gws u(perba=si
to\ sunto/mws r(hte/on.
safw=s, sfodrw=s, i)sxurw=s, dunatw=s, biai/ws,
r(agdai/ws, piqanw=s, h(de/ws, gluke/ws, e)pagwgw=s, eu)qurrhmo/nws, a)nupo
sto/lws, texnikw=s e)nte/xnws, kakoh/qws, pikrw=s, fenakistikw=s, par
ocuntikw=s, a)pathtikw=s e)capathtikw=s.
r(h/mata d' ou)k e)/stin o(/ti
mh\ deinw=sai, e)pimelhqh=nai, a)kribw=sai, e)ske/fqai perieske/fqai, e(l
lhni/sai, a)ttiki/sai, noh=sai perinoh=sai, sfodru/nasqai, i)sxu=sai, dunh
qh=nai, bia/sasqai, pei=sai, h(du=nai e)fhdu=nai, gluka=nai, texna/sai, fe
naki/sai, parocu=nai, a)path=sai e)capath=sai.
e)/nia de\ tou/twn koina\
kai\ pro\s e(/tera.
ei)/poi d' a)/n tis r(h/twr r(htoriko/s, lektiko/s, politiko/s,
e)legktiko/s, su/mboulos sumbouleutiko/s, nomoqe/ths nomoqetiko/s, dh
magwgo/s dhmagwgiko/s, dhmhgo/ros dhmhgoriko/s, boulhfo/ros,
boulhgo/ros, presbeuth/s presbeutiko/s, dikaniko/s, sunhgoriko/s,
sunh/goros, kath/goros, panhguriko/s, e)gkwmiastiko/s, yektiko/s.
sumboulh/ sumbouli/a, nomoqesi/a, dhmagwgi/a, presbei/a pre/sbeusis,
di/kh, diadikasi/a e)pidikasi/a, a)ntidiki/a, sunhgori/a, sunago/reusis,
kathgori/a, dhmhgori/a, boulhgori/a, panh/guris, e)gkw/mion, yo/gos.
kai\ sumbouleutikw=s, nomoqetikw=s, dhmagwgikw=s, dhmhgorikw=s,
presbeutikw=s, dikanikw=s, sunhgorikw=s, panhgurikw=s, e)gkwmiastikw=s,
yektikw=s.
kai\ ei)pei=n, le/cai, fra/sai, r(h=sin a)potei=nai, lo/gon
e)cenegkei=n, lo/gon diapera/nasqai, ei)=rai, sunei=rai a)pneusti\ perio/
dous, a)nti/qeta, a)ntista/seis, parisw/seis a)pisw/seis, ku/klous, pe
riagwga/s, noh/mata e)nnoh/mata, e)nqumh/mata.
sumbouleu=sai, pa
raine/sai, u(fhgh/sasqai ei)shgh/sasqai, dida/cai, pei=sai, gnw/mhn a)po
fh/nasqai, do/can e)cenegkei=n, yh/fisma gra/yai, do/gma sunqei=nai,
no/mon qe/sqai, no/mon ei)senegkei=n, nomoqeth=sai nomoqeth/sasqai, dh
magwgh=sai, dhmhgorh=sai, boulhgorh=sai, sunhgorh=sai tw=| dh/mw|,
piqano\n ei)=nai, to\n dh=mon parasth/sasqai, oi)keiw/sasqai, prosagage/sqai,
prosetairi/sasqai, dia\ xeiro\s e)/xein, u(ph/koon poih/sasqai, kath/koon,
xeiroh/qh, tiqaso/n: tiqaseu=sai, e)ktiqaseu=sai, katapei=sai, u(pagagei=n,
u(pagage/sqai, panto\s ei)=nai piqanw/teron, khlh=sai, presbeu=sai, diako
nh/sasqai, u(phreth=sai, planhqh=nai.
ei)/pois d' a)\n th\n presbei/an e)/kdhmon politei/an, e)pisfalh=,
e)pi/ponon, poluplanh=, e)piki/ndunon, ou)k a)talai/pwron, ou)k a)pra/
gmona, e)n perio/dw| pla/nous e)/xousan, talaipwri/as, po/non,
pra/gmata, sfa/lmata.
di' w(=n e)/sti po/rous e)ceurei=n, a)rgu
rologh=sai, forologh=sai, xrh/mata sunaqroi/sasqai, sulle/cai,
susth=sai susth/sasqai, sunagagei=n, ei)spra=cai, suneisenegkei=n,
sumforh=sai, kth/sasqai, proskth/sasqai, prospoih/sasqai, peripoih/sa
sqai: summa/xous prosagage/sqai, ou)k o)/ntas katakth/sasqai, tou\s
o)/ntas bebaiw/sasqai: polemi/ous kakw=sai, h(merw=sai, prau=+nai,
kataplh=cai, fobh=sai, tara/cai, diatara/cai, dedi/casqai: ei)rh/nhn
sunqe/sqai, sunqh/kas poih/sasqai, sponda/s, o(mologi/as, fili/as, sum
maxi/an, i)sote/leian, i)sopolitei/an: to\ ga\r o(maixmi/an moxqhro/n, o(rki/sai
de\ kai\ o(/rkous e)pagagei=n, dou=nai, labei=n, a)polabei=n.
sunhgo
rh=sai, sunagoreu=sai, suneipei=n, sunagwni/sasqai, sunecetasqh=nai,
sumproqumhqh=nai, sundikh=sai, sugkinduneu=sai, u(perapologh/sasqai,
u(perdikh=sai, bohqh=sai, sumpra=cai, sullabei=n, sunepilabei=n, e)pikou
rh=sai, u(perkinduneu=sai, prodikh=sai, prosth=nai, suneiselqei=n, a)ntei
pei=n, a)ntidikh=sai, a)ntecetasqh=nai, a)ntagwni/sasqai, kathgorh=sai,
kateipei=n, e)cele/gcai.
panhguri/sai, dhmagwgh=sai, panhgurikou\s lo/gous e)cenegkei=n,
pandh/mous lo/gous ei)pei=n, dhmotelei=s lo/gous parasxe/sqai, e)pagwgou/s,
h(dei=s, glukei=s, terpnou/s, kexarisme/nous, dhmoterpei=s, o)xloterpei=s,
pro\s h(donh\n pepoihme/nous, pro\s plh=qos h(rmosme/nous, e)gkwmia/sai,
e)paine/sai, lampru=nai, a)polampru=nai, faidru=nai, e)kfaidru=nai,
kosmh=sai, kallwpi/sai, katakosmh=sai, susth=sai, gnwri/sai, e)peufh
mh=sai.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata e)gkw/mion, e)/painos, semnologi/a, lampro/ths,
faidro/ths, ko/smos, kallwpismo/s, su/stasis, gnwrismo/s, eu)fhmi/a.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a ye/cai, kaki/sai, ai)sxu=nai, kaqubri/sai, loidorh=sai,
diabalei=n, e)le/gcai, fauli/sai, diasu=rai, katagela/sai, xleua/sai dia
xleua/sai, flauri/sai kai\ a)poflauri/sai, kwmw|dh=sai, twqa/sai, kakw=s
ei)pei=n, o)neidi/sai, o)/neidos prostri/yasqai, o)/neidos e)penegkei=n,
ai)sxu/nh| peribalei=n.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata yo/gos, ai)sxu/nh, ka
kismo/s, u(/bris, loidori/a, diabolh/, e)/legxos, kakhgori/a, kata/gelws,
o)neidismo/s, xleuasi/a xleuasmo/s, kwmw|di/a, twqasmo/s.
kai\ me/rh me\n tou= r(htorikou= lo/gou prooi/mion, dih/ghsis, pi/stis,
a)po/deicis, e)/legxos, paradei/gmata, o(moiw/seis, parabolai/, e)pixeirh/
mata, e)nqumh/mata, u(perbolai/, deinw/seis deinologi/ai, fra/seis
e)kfra/seis, oi)ktrologi/ai, paradhlw/seis u(podhlw/seis, e)pi/logoi.
e)/painos de\ r(h/toros kai\ dhmagwgou= eu)/nous, filo/polis, filo/
dhmos, dhmotiko/s, nomiko/s, no/mimos, dhmokratiko/s, pisto/s, a)cio/
pistos, sumfe/rwn, w)fe/limos, xrh/simos, po/rimos poristh/s, proagw
go\s tou= dh/mou, prosta/ths tw=n no/mwn, fu/lac th=s e)leuqeri/as,
proagwnisth\s th=s dhmokrati/as, sunagwnisth/s, a)/dwros a)dwrodo/kh
tos, a)/pratos, a)dia/fqoros, sune/xwn th\n politei/an, sunde/wn, sum
fula/ttwn, thrw=n diathrw=n, fula/ttwn diafula/ttwn.
kai\ ta\
r(h/mata a)p' au)tw=n.
pra=gma d' a)po\ tw=n plei/stwn ou)k e)/stin,
o(/ti mh\ eu)/noia, dhmokrati/a, pi/stis, po/ros, porismo/s, prostasi/a:
a)gwnismo\s ga\r kai\ fulakh\ kai\ th/rhsis le/gontai kai\ pro\s e(/tera.
yo/gos de/: para/nomos, prodo/ths, o)ligarxiko/s, peprame/
nos, dwrodo/kos dedwrodokhme/nos, dedekasme/nos, a)do/kimos,
ki/bdhlos, para/shmos, au)to/molos, a)/pistos, blabero/s, zhmiw/dhs,
e)pizh/mios, no/mois e)xqro/s, katalu/wn th\n dhmokrati/an, sug
xe/wn ta\ kaqesthko/ta, ou)k a)resko/menos toi=s kaqesthko/sin, dus
xerai/nwn, dusmenai/nwn, a)natre/pwn th\n politei/an, lu/wn a)na
lu/wn katalu/wn, suntara/ttwn, meqista/s, parakinw=n, metaba/llwn,
metatiqei/s, paratre/pwn, newteri/zwn, e)knewteri/zwn, paranewte
ri/zwn, newteristh/s newteristiko/s, miso/polis, miso/dhmos, o)li
garxiko/s, pro\s a)rgu/rion r(e/pwn, pro\s a)rgu/rion ble/pwn, pa
li/mpratos, sukofa/nths, dikorra/fos, filopra/gmwn polupra/g
mwn, kakopra/gmwn, w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
politeuo/menos to\n dh=mon, u(popoliteuo/menos toi=s e)xqroi=s, protei/nwn
th\n xei=ra, le/gwn e)pi\ xrh/masi, paligka/phlos, peprakw\s e(auto/n,
pro\s a)rgu/rion le/gwn, misqou= fqeggo/menos, mhd' a)\n r(h=ma proi=ka
ei)pw/n, pro\s lh=mma ble/pwn, pro\s a)rgu/rion kexhnw/s, mhde\n me/ros
e)/xwn a)/praton, eu)/wnos, r(a/|dios, pro/sodon th\n politei/an pe
poihme/nos: u(/poulos, dolero/s, e)pi/boulos, kakoh/qhs, a)patew/n, e)pi
bouleu/wn, e)phrea/zwn, dhmeu/wn, dhmoko/pos, pro\s xa/rin le/gwn,
pro\s h(donh\n dhmhgorw=n, para\ th=| kigkli/di zw=n a)ei/, para\ to\n
dru/fakton poiou/menos to\n bi/on, para\ th\n kleyu/dran, dh
moxaristh/s, loimo\s dh/mou, kai\ o(/lws polla\ lo/gw| ei)/poi tis a)\n
kai\ e)painw=n kai\ ye/gwn.
ta\ de\ tou= pra/gmatos o)no/mata pro
dosi/a, paranomi/a, au)tomoli/a, pra=sis, dwrodoki/a, dekasmo/s, kibdhli/a,
a)pisti/a, blakei/a, zhmi/a, kata/lusis, su/gxusis, a)natroph/, lu/sis,
bla/bh, meta/stasis, ki/nhsis, metabolh/, newteropoii/a newterismo/s,
sukofanti/a, polupragmosu/nh filopragmosu/nh, do/los, e)piboulh/,
a)pa/th, kakoh/qeia, e)phreasmo/s, dh/meusis, dhmokopi/a, w(=n ta\ plei/w
kai\ pro\s e(/tera.
e)/sti d' e)c e)ni/wn kai\ e)painou=nti kai\ ye/gonti
e)pirrh/mata.
*filo/sofos, dialektiko/s, qewrhtiko/s, paideutiko/s, protrepti
ko/s, didaskaliko/s, ta\s yuxa\s e)ciw/menos, e)panorqou/menos ta\ th=s
gnw/mhs a)rrwsth/mata, e)pi\ th\n a)reth\n a)/gwn, e)pi\ th\n a)reth\n
a)gwgo/s, oi(=os qumo\n koimi/sai, e)piqumi/as prau=+nai, h(dona\s r(uqmi/sai,
filoxrhmati/an summetrh=sai, tu=fon sustei=lai, a)lazonei/an kola/sai,
a)kolasi/an nouqeth=sai, a)se/lgeian swfroni/sai: nouqetiko/s, swfroni
stiko/s, swfronisth/s.
o)/rgana de\ filosofi/as tro/pos kai\ lo/gos,
o( me\n tw=| paradei/gmati tou= bi/ou paideu/wn, o( de\ lo/gos prosago/menos
kai\ dida/skwn: ou(= me/rh pro/tasis, e)pagwgh/, sullogismo/s, nouqesi/a,
nouqe/thsis, o)neidismo/s, protroph/, didaskali/a.
kai\ bi/os politiko\s
o( kai\ praktiko/s, logiko\s o( kai\ paideutiko/s, qewrhtiko\s o( kai\ fu
siko/s.
to\n d' e)nanti/on tou/tw| a)filo/sofon a)\n ei)/pois, e)k tou=
*pla/twnos *timai/ou
(
*sofisth/s, dida/skalos, paideuth/s, e)chghth/s, u(fhghth/s, h(ge
mw/n.
sofistiko/s, didaskaliko/s, paideutiko/s, e)chghtiko/s, u(fhghtiko/s,
h(gemoniko/s.
dida/skwn, paideu/wn, e)chgou/menos u(fhgou/menos h(gou/
menos: ou) mh\n kai\ sofisteu/wn ei)/pois a)/n.
tou\s de\ toiou/tous,
w(/sper kai\ tou\s filoso/fous, e)ka/loun frontista/s, kai\ ta\ didaskalei=a
ou) paidagwgei=a mo/non kai\ fwleou\s a)lla\ kai\ frontisth/ria.
ta\ de\
pra/gmata didaskali/a, pai/deusis, e)ch/ghsis u(fh/ghsis, h(gemoni/a,
a)gwgh/, sofistikh/: ou) ga\r sofistei/a, paideutikh\ de\ te/xnh kai\
e)chghtikh\ kai\ u(fhghtikh\ kai\ h(gemonikh/.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata
sofistikw=s, didaskalikw=s, paideutikw=s, h(gemonikw=s: to\ ga\r e)chghti
kw=s kai\ u(fhghtikw=s traxe/a.
e)/sti d' a)po\ tou/twn r(h/mata, a)f'
w(=n kai\ metoxai/.
ei)/pois d' a)\n e)p' au)tw=n to\ misqou\s lamba/nein,
pra/ttein ei)spra/ttein pra/ttesqai ei)spra/ttesqai, ai)tei=n, a)pai
tei=n, a)/rnusqai, prosi/esqai, misqarnei=n misqoforei=n, a)rguro
logei=n a)rguri/zesqai, xrhmati/zesqai e)kxrhmati/zesqai, karpou=sqai
e)kkarpou=sqai, pipra/skein ta\ maqh/mata, diati/qesqai, pwlei=n, a)po
di/dosqai, a)ntikatalla/ttesqai pro\s a)rgu/rion, dwrodokei=n, foro
logei=n, dasmologei=n, e)pi\ misqw=| dida/skein, e)pi\ xrh/masin, ei)spra/t
tesqai para\ tw=n maqhtw=n fo/rous, e)rani/zesqai sunerani/zein, a)qroi/
zein, sulle/gein.
ei)/pois d' a)\n tou\s me\n mei/zous sofista\s me
galomi/sqous, dhmotelei=s, pandh/mous, pagkoi/nous, tou\s d' e)la/ttous
o)ligomi/sqous, eu)telei=s: *)isokra/ths
(
lai/ous sofista/s." tou\s de\ maqhta\s o)noma/sais a)\n kai\ foithta/s,
e(tai/rous, sunousiasta/s, o(milhta/s, a)kroata/s, u(phko/ous kathko/ous
cunhko/ous: kai\ th\n a)ge/lhn tw=n maqhtw=n, to\n dh=mon, to\n xoro/n,
tou\s xoreuta/s, th\n panh/gurin, th\n su/nodon, th\n sullogh/n, to\n su/l
logon: tou\s peri\ to\n sofisth\n e)/xontas, tou\s peri\ au)to\n e)spou
dako/tas, tou\s katexome/nous tw=| sofisth=|, tou\s paideuome/nous, tou\s
a)krowme/nous, tou\s didaskome/nous.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata ma/qhsin,
foi/thsin, e(tairi/an, sunousi/an, o(mili/an, a)kro/asin, xorei/an, spoudh/n,
katoxh/n.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata manqa/nein, foita=n sumfoita=n,
sunei=nai, o(milei=n, u(pakou/ein, a)kroa=sqai, e)pakou/ein katakou/ein
sunakou/ein, a)gela/zesqai sunagela/zesqai, a)gei/resqai sunagei/re
sqai, sunie/nai, sulle/gesqai, spouda/zein suspouda/zein, paideu/esqai,
dida/skesqai.
au)toi\ d' a)llh/lwn ei)=en a)\n sumfoithtai/, w(s *pla/twn
(
su/nnomoi, su/ntrofoi, e(tai=roi.
kai\ ta\ loipa\ metoxai=s a)\n
ei)/pois kai\ ou)k o)no/masin, oi(=on oi( sumfoith/santes, oi( sumpaideu
qe/ntes, kai\ ta\ toiau=ta.
to\ de\ dido/nai misqou/s e)stin ei)s
fo/rein a)pofe/rein, kataba/llein, katatiqe/nai, telei=n suntelei=n, dw
roforei=n, dasmoforei=n, praxqh=nai misqo/n, e)pi\ misqw=| maqei=n,
e)pi\ dw/rois, e)pi\ xrh/masin, e)pi\ pollw=| e)/mmisqon pepoih=sqai th\n
a)kro/asin, e)n te/lei, ou)k e)c a)telei/as maqei=n, ou)k a)misqi\ maqei=n.
o( de\ misqo\s a)rgu/rion, xrh/mata, fora/ katafora/, te/los, ei)sfora/,
te/lesma, ei)/spracis.
w(=n e)/nia fai/hs a)\n e)p' a)mfoi=n, kai\ th=s a)pai
th/sews kai\ th=s kataqe/sews, th\n me\n ai)/thsin le/gwn kai\ ei)/spracin kai\
pro/sodon kai\ xrhmatismo\n kai\ a)rgurismo\n kai\ dwrodoki/an kai\ lh=yin
kai\ ei)/sodon kai\ sullogh/n, to\ de\ kataqei=nai do/sin kai\ e)pi/dosin kai\
katabolh\n kai\ dwrofori/an.
o(/stis de\ bou/loito kaki/zein sofisth/n, tou/tw| u(pa/rxei le/gein
go/hs, a)patew/n, e)pi/boulos, a)pathtiko/s e)capathtiko/s, dolero/s, u(/pou
los, poiki/los, polu/tropos, pali/mbolos, e)gkrufi/as, e)pi/skios,
pollaplou=s to\ *pla/twnos
(
ko/s, kakou=rgos, panou=rgos, yeu/sths, peplasme/nos katapeplasme/
nos, kai\ kata\ *pla/twna
(?
) poluxrw/matos, "ka/phlos" kaphli
ko/s, metaboleu/s metablhtiko/s, "e)/mmisqos qhreuth\s ne/wn," qhreuti
ko/s, mi/sqarnos misqofo/ros, ko/lac kolakeutiko/s, qw/y, qerapeuth/s
qerapeutiko/s.
ta\ de\ r(h/mata sofi/zesqai, gohteu/ein, a)pata=n
e)capata=n, parakrou/esqai, para/gein, paratre/pein, poiki/llein, ka
kourgei=n, fenaki/zein, panourgei=n, dolou=n, texna/zein, yeu/desqai,
katapepla/sqai, kaphleu/ein, metaba/llesqai, qhra=n qhreu/ein, mi
sqarnei=n misqoforei=n, kolakeu/ein u(perkolakeu/ein, qerapeu/ein
u(perqerapeu/ein, u(pie/nai, u(pa/gesqai, u(pe/rxesqai, u(potre/xein, u(po
pi/ptein, u(pokei=sqai, katepa/|dein, katakhlei=n, kataqe/lgein, farma/t
tein, farmakeu/ein, qwpeu/ein, u(poqei=n, tapeinou=n e(auto/n, u(poba/l
lein.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata gohtei/a, a)pa/th, e)piboulh/ e)pibouli/a,
e)capa/th, poikili/a, polutropi/a, kakourgi/a, r(a|diourgi/a, ponh
ri/a, panourgi/a, yeudologi/a, kaphlei/a, pra=sis, metabolh/, misqarni/a
misqofori/a, qh/ra, kolakei/a, qerapei/a, qwpei/a, para/krousis, para
gwgh/, paratroph/, fenakismo/s, u(podromh/, u(pagwgh/, tapeino/ths:
a)po\ me\n ga\r e)ni/wn ou)k e)/stin o)/noma tou= pra/gmatos, sofistei/a de\
ba/rbaron, kai\ tapei/nwsis eu)tele/s, kai\ do/lwsis traxu/.
ta\ d' e)pir
rh/mata gohteutikw=s, panou/rgws, kakou/rgws, dolerw=s, a)pathtikw=s,
poiki/lws, e)pibou/lws, e)piski/ws, kruyi/nws, u(pou/lws, polutro/pws,
palimbo/lws, kaphlikw=s, metablhtikw=s, misqarnikw=s misqoforikw=s,
katapeplasme/nws, peplasme/nws, qhreutikw=s, kolakikw=s kolakeu
tikw=s, qerapeutikw=s, parakroustikw=s, fenakistikw=s, tapeinw=s, u(po
peptwko/tws.
*poihth/s poihtiko/s, w)|do/s w)|diko/s, me/trwn sunqe/ths, ei)s me/tra
e)pi/pnous, ei)s w)|da\s e)/nqeos, ka/toxos e)k mousw=n, mousomanw=n, e)m
manh\s ei)s poi/hsin, muqologiko/s, paralla/ttwn e)pi\ poih/masin, ei)s
me/tra kekinhme/nos, e)nqousiw=n e)pi\ poih/masin, kai\ o(/sa a)\n a)/lla
ei)/poi tis e)pi\ tou= e)nqe/ws diakeime/nou.
ta\ de\ poih/mata kai\ w)|dai\
kai\ a)/|smata kai\ me/tra kai\ lo/goi e)/mmetroi, e)/ph h(rw=|a, e(ca/metra,
r(ayw|di/a, e)legei=a, penta/metra, e)pigra/mmata, i)/amboi, i)ambei=a, tri/me
tra, tetra/metra, a)na/paista, me/lh xorika/, strofh/, a)nti/strofos,
e)pw|do/s, u(/mnoi, paia=nes, proso/dia, dafnhforika/, tripodhforika/, di
qu/ramboi, i)qufallika/, w)sxoforika/, paroi/nia, i)o/bakxoi, u(porxh/mata,
qri/amboi, e)pilh/nia, e)piloi/mia, parqe/neia, e)piqala/mia, e)gkw/mia,
e)pi/nikoi, skolia/, qrh=noi, si/lloi, kwmw|di/a, tragw|di/a, pa/rodos, sta/
simon, e)mme/leia, kommatika/, e)/codos, eu)ktika/, e)mbath/ria, u(me/naios,
no/moi, prooi/mia, prono/mia, proau/lia, i)/ouloi, ou)lamoi/, ou)/piggoi,
li/nos, e)pimu/lios w)|dh\ i(mali/s kai\ i(mai=os, o( d' a)/|dwn i(maoido/s.
bw/rimos de\ *mariandu/nwn gewrgw=n a)=|sma, w(s *ai)gupti/wn mane/rws, kai\
litue/rsas *frugw=n.
a)ll' *ai)gupti/ois me\n o( *mane/rws gewrgi/as eu(re
th/s, *mousw=n maqhth/s, *litue/rsas de\ *fruci/n: oi( d' au)to\n *mi/dou
pai=da ei)=nai le/gousin, ei)s e)/rin d' a)mhtou= prokalou/menon mastigw=sai
tou\s e)ndido/ntas, biaiote/rw| d' a)mh/th| peripeso/nta au)to\n qa/naton
paqei=n.
oi( d' *(hrakle/a gegenh=sqai to\n a)poktei/nanta au)to\n le/gou
sin.
h)/|deto d' o( qrh=nos peri\ ta\s a(/lws kata\ to\ qe/ros e)pi\ *mi/dou
paramuqi/a|.
o( de\ *bw/rimos h)=n *)io/la kai\ *mariandu/nou a)delfo/s,
*ou)pi/ou basile/ws pai=s, e)n qh/ra| ne/os w(/ra| qe/rous a)poqanw/n: tima=tai
de\ qrhnw/dei peri\ th\n gewrgi/an a)/|smati.
h)=n de/ ti kai\ a)lh=tis a)=|sma
tai=s ai)w/rais prosa|do/menon, *qeodw/rou poi/hma tou= *kolofwni/ou.
kai/ ti kai\ e)pilh/nion au)/lhma e)pi\ botru/wn qlibome/nwn, kai\ e(/teron
ptistiko/n, w(s *fru/nixos e)n *kwmastai=s
(
miko/s:
e)gw\ de\ nw=|n dh\ teretiw= ti ptistiko/n
kai\ *nikofw=n e)n toi=s *xeiroga/storsin
(
a)ll' i)/qi prosau/lhson su\ nw=|n ptismo/n tina.
kai\ e)retika\ dh/ tin' au)lh/mata kai\ poimenika/.
*)epi/xarmos
(
kaib
miko\s
(
%o(/ti d' a)\n h( subw/tria, mhd' a)gaqh\ ge/noito/ moi.
e)/xein dokei= moi daktu/lous au)lhtikou/s.
*turrhnoi\ de\ tw=| *)aristote/lous
(
u(p' au)lw=| mo/non, a)lla\ kai\ mastigou=si kai\ o)yopoiou=sin.
*mousikh=| de\ prosh/koi a)\n kai\ ta\ proeirhme/na kai\ mousiko/s,
mousourgo/s, mousourgiko/s, mousourgei=n, kai\ eu)mousi/a, a)mousi/a,
eu)mou/sws, a)mou/sws, mousikw=s, eu)/mousos, a)/mousos.
kai\ me/los,
e)mme/leia, e)mmelh/s, e)mmelw=s, polumelw=s, e)kmelh/s, a)melh/s, e)kmelw=s,
a)melw=s, plhmmelw=s, plhmmele/s, plhmme/leia, plhmmelei=n, e)pi\ de\
me/lei a(rmoni/a, r(uqmo/s, krou=ma, ba/sis.
th\n d' a(rmoni/an a(rmogh\n
*eu)/polis
(
tau/thn e)gw\ zhtw=n pa/lai th\n a(rmogh/n.
o)no/mata d' a)p' au)th=s a(rmo/zon, a(rmo/zein, h(rmosme/non, eu)a/rmoston,
e)narmo/nion, kai\ to\ e)nanti/on a)na/rmoston, kai\ to\ *pla/twnos
(
`482 b, cf sophist 253 a
ruqmos, eu)ruqmi/a, r(uqmi/zein, eu)ru/qmws, kai\ a)rru/qmws, a)rruqmi/a,
a)rruqmei=n.
kiqarw|di/a, lurw|di/a, au)lw|di/a.
ta\ d' o)/rgana ta\ krouo/mena ei)/pois a)\n kai\ plhtto/mena, e)pi
yallo/mena, e)/gxorda, pro/sxorda, prosw|da/, ta\ d' e)mpneo/mena,
katapneo/mena, u(popneo/mena, e)mfusw/mena.
w(=n ei)/dh tw=n me\n krouo
me/nwn lu/ra, kiqa/ra, ba/rbiton_to\ d' au)to\ kai\ baru/miton_xe/lus,
yalth/rion, tri/gwna, sambu=kai, phkti/des, fo/rmigges, foi=nic, spa/dic,
lurofoini/kion, i)ambu/kh, kleyi/ambos, pari/ambos, skindayo/s.
e)pi
go/neion de\ ke/klhtai me\n a)po\ tou= eu(ro/ntos, o( d' *)epi/gonos h)=n ge/nei
me\n *)ambrakiw/ths timh=| de\ *sikuw/nios, prw=tos e)pikrou/sas a)/neu plh/k
trou.
to\ d' e)pigo/neion e)/xei xorda\s tettara/konta, w(/sper to\ simi
ko\n pe/nte kai\ tria/konta.
mono/xordon de/, *)ara/bwn to\ eu(/rhma.
tri/xordon, o(/per *)assu/rioi pandou=ran w)no/mazon: e)kei/nwn d' h)=n kai\
to\ eu(/rhma.
penta/xordon: *skuqw=n me\n to\ eu(/rhma, kaqh=ptai d' i(ma=sin
w)moboi/+nois, ai)gw=n de\ xhlai\ ta\ plh=ktra.
yiqu/ra de/, to\ me\n eu(/rhma
*libuko/n, ma/lista de\ *trwglodutw=n, to\ de\ sxh=ma tetra/gwnon.
e)/nioi
de\ th\n yiqu/ran th\n au)th\n ei)=nai tw=| a)ska/rw| o)nomazome/nw| nomi/
zousin.
to\ d' h)=n plinqi/on phxuai=on, e)/xon dieilkusme/na phni/a, a(\
peristrefo/mena h)=xon e)poi/ei krota/lw| paraplh/sion.
maga/din d'
o)noma/zei me\n *)anakre/wn
(
*ka/nqaros
(a)lla\ mh\n kai\ na/blas mnhmoneu/ei
*filh/mwn
(
e)/dei parei=nai, *parme/nwn, au)lhtri/d' h)\
na/blan tina/.
kai\ ph/lhc d' ou) mo/non o( th=s perikefalai/as lo/fos, a)lla\ kai\
o)/rgano/n ti yalth/rion.
me/rh de\ tw=n o)rga/nwn neurai/, xordai/, li/na, mi/toi, to/noi,
ph/xeis, a)gkw=nes, ke/rata, ko/llopes, h)xei=a, plh=ktron, xordo/tonon.
kai\ do/naka de/ tina u(polu/rion oi( kwmikoi\
(
w)no/mazon w(s pa/lai a)nti\ kera/twn u(potiqe/menon tai=s lu/rais: o(/qen
kai\ *sofoklh=s
(
u(fh|re/qh sou ka/lamos w(sperei\ lu/ras.
oi( de\ texni=tai lurw|doi/, kiqarw|doi/, kiqaristai\ kiqari/striai, ya/ltai
ya/ltriai.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata luri/zein, kiqari/zein, ya/llein, u(po
ba/llein kai\ w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ kre/
kein de/, kai\ kregmo\s to\ pra=gma.
prosa/|dein, e)pa/|dein, u(pa/|dein,
suna/|dein, a)pa/|dein.
krou/mata, pro/sxorda a)/|smata, polu/xordon,
a(rmoni/a, e)narmo/nion, panarmo/nion, poluarmo/nion, a)na/rmoston,
a)narmosti/a, a)narmostei=n.
r(uqmo\s a)/rruqmos, a)rruqmei=n: *pla/
twn
(
kai\ *kriti/a|
(
kalei=n.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
prosw|do\s ei)/rhke, kai\ lepto/fwnos
(
(
kai\ a)|smatoka/mptas
(to\ d' a)=|sma kai\ a)|sma/tion
*pla/twn ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s
(o( d' o)/rgana toiau=ta
sumphgnu\s o)noma/zetai luropoio/s.
a(rmoni/ai de\ *dwri\s *)ia\s *ai)oli\s ai( prw=tai, kai\ *fru/gios de\ kai\
*lu/dios, kai\ ai( a)po\ tou/twn, kai\ *lokrikh/: *filoce/nou to\ eu(/rhma.
no/moi d' oi( *terpa/ndrou a)po\ me\n tw=n e)qnw=n o(/qen h)=n, *ai)o/lios kai\
*boiw/tios, a)po\ de\ r(uqmw=n o)/rqios kai\ troxai=os, a)po\ de\ tro/pwn o)cu\s
kai\ tetraoi/dios, a)po\ d' au)tou= kai\ tou= e)rwme/nou *terpa/ndreios
kai\ *kapi/wn.
sfa/llontai d' oi( kai\ a)po/qeton prostiqe/ntes au)tw=|
kai\ sxoini/wna: ou(=toi ga\r au)lhtikoi/.
to\ me/ntoi sifnia/zein kai\
xia/zein, to\ perie/rgois me/lesi xrh=sqai, a)po\ *dhmokri/tou tou= *xi/ou
kai\ *filoceni/dou tou= *sifni/ou, o(\s kai\ *(upertoni/dhs e)kalei=to.
kai\
*fru=nin de\ to\n *ka/mwnos me/lesi polukampe/si, toi=s u(po\ tw=n kwmw|dw=n
(
to\ me/ntoi tw=n yilw=n kiqaristw=n o)/rganon, o(\ kai\ *puqiko\n o)noma/ze
tai, daktuliko/n tines keklh/kasin.
no/moi d' au)tw=n *dio\s *)aqhna=s
*)apo/llwnos.
i)/amboi, i)ambi/des pariambi/des.
me/rh de\ tou= ki
qarw|dikou= no/mou, *terpa/ndrou katanei/mantos, e(pta/: a)rxa/, metarxa/,
katatropa/, metakatatropa/, o)mfalo/s, sfragi/s, e)pi/logos.
ta\ d' e)mpneo/mena o)/rgana to\ me\n su/mpan au)loi\ kai\
su/rigges: kai\ "kalami/nhn su/rigga" ei)/rhken *)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ a)po\ me\n au)lw=n au)lei=n, u(paulei=n, prosaulei=n, kataulei=n,
paraulei=n, au)/lhma, e)/naulon, e)/caulon, e)chulhme/nos.
kai\ po
lu/fqoggos au)lo/s, polu/fwnos, polukamph/s, polumelph/s: *pla/twn
(e)pi\ d' au)lw=n
e)mfusa=n kai\ e)mpnei=n fai/hs a)\n h)\ katapnei=n, kai\ katape/mpein to\
pneu=ma ei)s to\n au)lo\n u(popimplame/nais tai=s gna/qois, u(poidou/sais,
e)cesthkui/ais, propete/si, propiptou/sais, u(pwgkwme/nais, pneu/matos
plh/resi, tw=n o)fqalmw=n traxunome/nwn, u(brizo/ntwn, e)caimas
some/nwn, h)\ a)pra/gmoni tw=| prosw/pw|, a)basani/stw|, a)gnoou=nti th\n
ka/qodon tou= pneu/matos: kai\ ga\r toiau=ta e)/stin ei)pei=n, ei) au)lhth\n
e)painoi/hs r(oqi/w| me\n tw=| fush/mati xrw/menon, dia\ de\ me/geqos kai\
to/non kai\ i)sxu\n pneu/matos ou)k e)noxlou=nta to\ pro/swpon ei)s a)taci/an.
e)pi\ de\ su/riggos ei)/pois a)\n para/gein e)p' au)th=s to\ sto/ma kai\ para
fe/rein, kai\ diaspei/rein to\ pneu=ma.
h( me\n ou)=n su/rigc kala/mwn
sunqh/kh li/nw| kai\ khrw=| sundeqei=sa, h(/ g' au)tosxe/dios, au)loi\ pol
loi/, e(/kastos u(f' e(ka/stw| kata\ mikro\n u(polh/gontes ei)s to\n e)la/
xiston a)po\ tou= megi/stou, kata\ me\n ta\ sto/mata tw=n au)lw=n a)pisw
me/noi, e)k de\ qate/rou me/rous u(p' a)llh/lois di' a)niso/thta u(festh
ko/tes, w(s o)/rniqos pte/rugi to\ sxh=ma proseoike/nai.
tou/tw| de\ kata\
to\ e)/mpalin e)/xwn o( turrhno\s au)lo/s, a)ntestramme/nh| su/riggi
pareoikw/s, xalkou=s me/n e)stin o( ka/lamos, ka/twqen d' u(popneo/menos,
fu/sais me\n o( e)la/ttwn, u(/dati d' o( mei/zwn a)naqlibome/nw| kai\ au)/ran
pneu/matos a)fie/nti.
polu/fwno/s tis ou(=tos au)lo/s e)stin, kai\ o(
xalko\s e)/xei to\ fqe/gma i)tamw/teron.
tw=n d' a)/llwn au)lw=n ta\
me/rh glw=tta kai\ truph/mata kai\ bo/mbukes kai\ o(/lmoi kai\ u(fo/lmia.
kai\ forbeia\ de\ prosh/kei toi=s au)lou=si, kai\ to\n th=| forbeia=| kateilhm
me/non e)/legon
(o( de\ tou\s
au)lou\s e)rgazo/menos au)lopoio/s, kai\ a)po\ me/rous glwttopoio/s, kai\
au)lotru/phs kata\ th\n kwmw|di/an
(h( d' u(/lh tw=n
au)lw=n ka/lamos h)\ xalko\s h)\ lwto\s h)\ pu/cos h)\ ke/ras h)\ o)stou=n e)la/
fou, h)\ da/fnhs th=s xamaizh/lou kla/dos th\n e)nteriw/nhn a)fh|rhme/nos.
o( de\ toi=s au)loi=s xrw/menos au)lhth\s kai\ kerau/lhs kata\ to\n *)arxi/
loxon
(ei)/pois d' a)\n au)lhth\n
e)painw=n sofo/s, e)mmelh/s, decio/s.
a)lla\ tau=ta me\n ka)\n e)pi\ th=s
a)/llhs r(hqei/h mousikh=s: o(\ d' e)/stin i)/dion, eu)/pnous, me/ga fusw=n,
me/ga pne/wn, a(dro/n, e)/ntonon, i)sxuro/n, r(o/qion, bi/aion, h(du/pnoun:
to\ ga\r ligu/pnoun poihtiko/n.
gluku\ de\ pneu=ma, liguro/n, goero/n,
e)pagwgo/n, gow=des, qrhnw=des.
to\ de\ pneu=ma kai\ fu/shma kai\ au)/
lhma.
a)po/decai kai\ th\n au)lhtou= eu)xeiri/an kai\ th\n taxuxeiri/an
kai\ th\n eu)xe/reian.
koina\ de\ ta\ plei/w tou/twn kai\ pro\s to\n au)lo/n.
e)kei=nos d' ou) mo/non eu)/pnous a)lla\ kai\ eu)/glwttos eu)/stomos pukno\s
sunexh/s, w(/sper o( me\n fau=los au)lhth\s a)/pnous a)sqenh\s a)hdh\s
a)gleukh/s, o( de\ fau=los au)lo\s kai\ a)/glwttos kai\ a)/fqoggos, a)raio/s,
dia/broxos, e)/caulos: kai\ e)chulhme/nai glw=ttai ai( palaiai/.
au)/lhma
d' o)/rqion, a)f' ou(= kai\ no/mos o)/rqios, stereo/n, plh=res, e)mmele/s,
mono/kwlon, polu/tropon, prosagwgo/n, eu)kampe/s, polu/kampton,
gow=des, qrhnhtiko/n, o)cu/, liguro/n, pompiko/n, parocuntiko/n, e)no/plion,
purrixistiko/n, kai\ spondei=on, troxai=on, gamh/lion, paroi/nion.
au)lw=n d' ei)/dh pla/gios, lw/tinos, *libu/wn to\ eu(/rhma: pla
gi/aulon d' au)to\n *li/bues kalou=sin.
e)/lumos th\n me\n u(/lhn pu/cinos,
to\ d' eu(/rhma *frugw=n: ke/ras d' e(kate/rw| tw=n au)lw=n a)naneu=on
pro/sestin, au)lei= de\ th=| *frugi/a| qew=|.
i(ppoforbo/s: *li/bues me\n oi(
skhni=tai tou=ton eu(=ron, xrw=ntai d' au)tw=| pro\s ta\s i(/ppwn noma/s.
h( d' u(/lh da/fnh tou= floiou= gumnwqei=sa: th=s ga\r e)nteriw/nhs
e)caireqei/shs o)cu\n h)=xon poiei= kai\ tw=n i(/ppwn th=| o)cu/thti kaqiknou/
menon.
mo/naulos: me/mnhtai me\n au)tou= *sofoklh=s e)n *qamu/ridi
(
to\ gamh/lion.
le/getai de\ kai\ *fru/gas eu(rei=n mo/naulon qrhnhtiko/n,
w(=| kexrh=sqai tou\s *ka=ras par' e)kei/nwn labo/ntas: qrhnw=des de\ to\
au)/lhma to\ *kariko/n.
qh/reios au)lo/s: *qhbai=oi me\n au)to\n e)k nebrou=
kw/lwn ei)rga/santo, xalkh/latos d' h)=n th\n e)/cwqen o)/yin.
kai\ ke/rati
me\n au)lei=n *turrhnoi\ nomi/zousin.
gi/ggras de\ mikro/s tis au)li/skos
gow/dh kai\ qrhnhtikh\n fwnh\n a)fiei/s, *foi=nic me\n w)\n th\n eu(/resin,
pro/sforos de\ mou/sh| th=| *karikh=|.
h( de\ *foini/kwn glw=tta *gi/ggran
to\n *)/adwnin kalei=, kai\ tou/tw| o( au)lo\s e)pwno/mastai.
*sku/qai de/,
kai\ ma/lista tou/twn *)androfa/goi kai\ *mela/gxlainoi kai\ *)arimaspoi/,
a)etw=n kai\ gupw=n o)stoi=s au)lhtikw=s e)mpne/ousin.
h( d' e)k kala/mwn
su=rigc *keltoi=s prosh/kei kai\ toi=s e)n *)wkeanw=| nhsiw/tais.
para\ d'
*ai)gupti/ois polu/fqoggos au)lo/s, *)osi/ridos eu(/rhma, e)k kala/mhs kri
qi/nhs.
e)klh/qhsan d' au)loi\ kai\ kiqaristh/rioi, mesoko/poi, puknoi/,
di/opoi, h(mi/opoi, su/rigges, te/leioi, u(po/pteroi.
kai\ *)aqhna= d' ei)=dos
au)lou=, w(=| ma/lista *nikwfelh= to\n *qhbai=on ei)s to\n th=s *)aqhna=s no/
mon kexrh=sqai le/gousi.
kai\ i)dou=qoi d' au)lw=n ei)=dos.
kai\ a(rmoni/a me\n au)lhtikh\ dwristi\ kai\ frugisti\ kai\ *lu/dios kai\
*)iwnikh\ kai\ su/ntonos ludisti/, h(\n *)/anqippos proseceu=ren: me/los de\
*kasto/rion me\n to\ *lakwniko\n e)n ma/xais, u(po\ to\n e)mbath/rion r(uqmo/n,
*(iera/kion de\ to\ *)argoliko/n, o(\ tai=s a)nqesfo/rois e)n *(/hras e)phu/loun.
no/moi d' *)olu/mpou kai\ *marsu/ou *fru/gioi kai\ *lu/dioi, o( de\ *saka/da
no/mos *puqiko/s, oi( d' *eu)i/ou ku/klioi, kai\ *)olu/mpou e)pitumbi/dioi.
kai\
no/mos d' h)=n *(iera/kios ei(=s: o( d' *(ie/rac ne/os me\n e)teleu/ta, *)olu/mpou
d' h)=n oi)ke/ths kai\ maqhth\s kai\ e)rw/menos.
kai\ *klona= de\ no/moi
au)lhtikoi\ a)po/qeto/s te kai\ sxoini/wn.
to\ de\ spondei=on me/los ei)/pois
a)\n e)pibw/mion, kai\ a)/llo telesth/rion, kai\ a)/llo kourhtiko/n.
to\ de\
nhni/aton e)/sti me\n *fru/gion, *(ippw=nac
(
moneu/ei.
h)=n de/ ti kai\ o)dontismo\s ei)=dos au)lh/sews.
kai\ te/ws me\n te/ttara truph/mata ei)=xen o( au)lo/s: polu/trhton
d' au)to\n e)poi/hse *dio/dwros o( *qhbai=os, plagi/as a)noi/cas tw=| pneu/mati
ta\s o(dou/s.
kai\ to\ me\n gamh/lion au)/lhma du/o h)=san au)loi/, mei/zwn a(/teros,
sumfwni/an me\n u(podhlou=ntes, mei/zw d' ei)=nai xrh=nai to\n a)/ndra.
oi( de\ paroi/nioi smikroi\ me/n, i)/soi d' a)/mfw: th\n ga\r i)so/thta sumposi/w|
pre/pein.
h(/rmotton de\ pro\s u(/mnous me\n oi( spondeiakoi/, pro\s
paia=nas d' oi( *puqikoi/: telei/ous d' au)tou\s w)no/mazon, hu)/loun de\ to\
a)/xoron au)/lhma, to\ *puqiko/n, oi( de\ xorikoi\ diqura/mbois proshu/loun.
kai\ toi=s me\n parqeni/ois au)loi=s parqe/noi prosexo/reuon, toi=s de\
paidikoi=s pai=des prosh=|don: oi( d' u(perte/leioi prosefqe/ggonto
a)ndrw=n xoroi=s.
kiqaristh/rioi de\ kai\ tou)/noma dio/ti kiqa/rais proshu/
loun dida/skei.
para/trhtoi de\ qrh/nois h(/rmotton, o)cu\ kai\ nwqe\s
pne/ontes.
tw=n de\ bombu/kwn e)/nqeon kai\ maniko\n to\ au)/lhma, pre/pon
o)rgi/ois.
e)/nioi de\ kai\ e)mbathri/ous au)lou\s w)no/masan tou\s e)pi\ toi=s
prosodi/ois, kai\ daktulikou\s tou\s e)pi\ toi=s u(porxh/masin: oi( de\ tau=ta
ou)k au)lw=n a)lla\ melw=n ei)=nai ei)/dh le/gousin, u(poqea/trous d'
au)lou\s tou\s e)pi\ toi=s no/mois toi=s au)lhtikoi=s e)ka/lesan.
oi( de\ *su/
rioi qrasu/ ti kai\ eu)/tolmon e)mpnei=n dokou=sin.
gi/gglaros de\ mikro/s
tis au)li/skos *ai)gu/ptios, monauli/a| pro/sforos.
kai\ skuta/lia me/ntoi
mikrw=n au)li/skwn tou)/noma.
me/rh d' au)lhma/twn krou/mata, suri/gmata, teretismoi/ tereti/
smata, ni/glaroi.
ta\ de\ prw=ta tw=n au)lhtw=n maqh/mata pei=ra kai\
gro/nqwn.
*)aqh/nhsi de\ kai\ sunauli/a tis e)kalei=to: sumfwni/a tis au(/th
tw=n e)n *panaqhnai/ois sunaulou/ntwn.
oi( de\ th\n sunauli/an ei)=dos
prosaulh/sews oi)/ontai w(s th\n au)lw|di/an.
kai\ mh\n i)/amboi/ ge kai\
pariambi/des no/moi kiqaristh/rioi, oi(=s kai\ proshu/loun.
tou= de\ *pu
qikou= no/mou tou= au)lhtikou= me/rh pe/nte, pei=ra katakeleusmo\s i)ambiko\n
spondei=on kataxo/reusis.
dh/lwma d' e)sti\n o( no/mos th=s tou= *)apo/l
lwnos ma/xhs pro\s to\n dra/konta.
kai\ e)n me\n th=| pei/ra| diora=| to\n
to/pon, ei) a)/cio/s e)sti tou= a)gw=nos: e)n de\ tw=| katakeleusmw=| prokalei=tai
to\n dra/konta, e)n de\ tw=| i)ambikw=| ma/xetai.
e)mperiei/lhfe de\ to\ i)ambi
ko\n kai\ ta\ salpistika\ krou/mata kai\ to\n o)dontismo\n w(s tou= dra/
kontos e)n tw=| tetoceu=sqai sumpri/ontos tou\s o)do/ntas.
to\ de\ spondei=on
dhloi= th\n ni/khn tou= qeou=.
e)n de\ th=| kataxoreu/sei o( qeo\s ta\ e)pi
ni/kia xoreu/ei.
ei) de\ kai\ h( sa/lpigc toi=s au)loi=s prosh/kei, to\ me\n eu(/rhma *tur
rhniko/n, to\ de\ sxh=ma eu)qei=a/ te kai\ kampu/lh, h( d' u(/lh xalko\s kai\
si/dhros, h( de\ glw=tta o)sti/nh.
ei)/pois d' a)\n to\ fqe/gma th=s sa/lpiggos
kai\ fwnh\n kai\ h)=xon kai\ bo/mbon kai\ qo/rubon kai\ ktu/pon, o)/rqion,
e)rrwme/non, r(wmale/on, baru/, semno/n, sfodro/n, frikw=des, e)mbriqe/s,
stereo/n, bi/aion, traxu/, e)kplhktiko/n, taraxw=des, polemisth/rion,
kai\ e)mpole/mion.
me/rh de\ tou= polemisthri/ou salpi/gmatos e)cor
mhtiko/n, e)f' ou(= e)/legon to\ shmh=nai th=| sa/lpiggi, kai\ u(pesh/mhnan ai(
sa/lpigges, e)cw/trunan, e)ch/geiran, e)canh/geiran: kai\ parake
leustiko\n to\ kata\ th\n th=s ma/xhs sumbolh/n, a)naklhtiko\n de\ to\ e)k
th=s ma/xhs a)nakalou=n, a)napausth/rion de\ to\ katazeugnu/ntwn e)pi/
fqegma.
e)/sti de/ ti kai\ pompiko\n e)pi\ pompai=s kai\ i(erourgiko\n e)pi\
qusi/ais *ai)gupti/ois te kai\ *)argei/ois kai\ *turrhnoi=s kai\ *(rwmai/ois.
kai\
o( me\n th=| sa/lpiggi xrw/menos kalei=tai salpigkth/s, to\ de\ r(h=ma sal
pi/zein, o( d' e)pi\ toi=s i(eroi=s i(erosalpigkth/s: a)/meinon de\ to\ i(ero\s
salpigkth/s, dialusa/ntwn tou)/noma.
kai\ *me/nandros
(
de/ tinas kalei= lh|stosalpigkta/s.
ei) de\ dei= a)gleukei= o)/nti tw=| o)rga/nw| parami=cai gluku/thta i(sto
ri/as, parh=lqe me\n ei)s tou\s a)gw=nas h( sa/lpigc e)k th=s e)mpolemi/ou
mele/ths, e)f' e(ka/sth| de\ th=| klh/sei tw=n a)gwnistw=n e)pifqe/ggetai e)k
toia=sde th=s ai)ti/as.
*(/ermwn h)=n kwmw|di/as u(pokrith/s: laxw\n de\
meta\ pollou\s o( me\n a)ph=n tou= qea/trou, th=s fwnh=s a)popeirw/menos,
tw=n de\ pro\ au)tou= pa/ntwn e)kpeso/ntwn *(/ermwna me\n o( kh=ruc
a)nekalei=to, o( d' ou)x u(pakou/sas, zhmi/a| plhgei/s, ei)shgh/sato tou=
loipou= th=| sa/lpiggi tou\s a)gwnista\s a)nakalei=n.
kai\ to\ me\n %*)epi
sta/dhn% to\n salpigkth\n parafe/rein ei)s penth/konta sta/dia th=| sa/lpiggi
diiknou/menon, w(/sper kai\ *mo/lokron e)pi\ tou= *filopa/toros au)lh/santa
du/o sa/lpigcin, i)/sws e(/wlon: *)aglai\+s d' h( *megalokle/ous sa/lpiggi
u(pererrwme/nws e)xrh/sato a)gwnisthri/w| te kai\ pompikh=|.
kai\ mh\n o(/
ge *megareu\s *(hro/dwros o(po/te salpi/zoi, xalepo\n h)=n au)tw=| plhsia/
zein plhttome/nous dia\ me/geqos pneu/matos: e(ptakai/deka de\ pe
rio/dous a)nei/leto tw=n stefanitw=n a)gw/nwn.
h)=n de\ me/geqos me\n
tetta/rwn ph/xewn, u(pe/strwto d' a)/rktou dora/n, kai\ leonth=n e)pebe/
blhto.
e(\c de\ xoi/nikas a)/rtou e)sitei=to, o)ktw\ de\ mna=s krew=n, oi)/nou
de\ du/o e)/pine xoa=s.
e)plh/rou de\ tw=| pneu/mati ta\ me/gista tw=n
stratope/dwn, ei) kai\ e)k mhki/stou fqe/gcaito.
periei=pe d' au)to\n e)n
toi=s ma/lista o( poliorkhth\s *dhmh/trios.
kai/ pote o( me\n tei/xei
prose/fere/ tina mhxanh/n, h( d' h)=n a)peiqh/s te kai\ e)paxqh/s.
kai\
toi/nun o( me\n *(hro/dwros du/o o)/rgana labw\n sterro\n e)ne/pneuse toi=s
o)rga/nois, ta\ de\ tosou=ton me/nos toi=s stratiw/tais e)ne/pneusen w(/ste
r(u/mh pollh\ kai\ dro/mos prosege/neto th=| mhxanh=|.
*to\ de\ khru/kwn ge/nos i(ero\n me\n *(ermou=, katekh/rutte d' h(suxi/an
e)/n t' a)gw=si kai\ i(erourgi/ais, kai\ sponda\s perih/ggelle kai\ e)kexeiri/an
e)ph/ggelle kai\ tou\s a)gwnista\s a)nekh/rutten.
kai\ h)=n a)gw/nisma
sa/lpiggos presbu/teron.
ei)s de\ filotimi/an tw=n e)p' au)tw=| proelqo/n
twn oi(/ te kalou/menoi po/des sunete/qhsan, e)/legxon e)/xontes ei)s
mh=kos pneu/matos: kai\ h( tw=n peri\ tou\s new\s oi)kodomhma/twn e)/k
dosis safhnei/as tino\s deome/nh.
pro/teron d' *)olumpi/asi tw=n e)pi
xwri/wn khrutto/ntwn, oi(\ tai=s i(erourgi/ais u(podihkonou=nto, prw=tos
tw=n ce/nwn h)gwni/sato ta\ *)olu/mpia *)arxi/as *(ublai=os, kai\ trei=s
o)lumpia/das e)fech=s e)ni/ka.
e)ni/ka de\ kai\ *puqoi=, kai\ ei)kw/n tis h)=n
au)tw=| *puqikh\ kai\ e)pi/gramma
*(ublai/w| kh/ruki to/d' *)arxi/a| *eu)kle/os ui(w=|
de/cai a)/galm' eu)/frwn *foi=b' e)p' a)phmosu/nh|,
o(\s tri\s e)ka/rucen to\n *)olumpi/a| au)to\s a)gw=na,
ou)/q' u(po\ salpi/ggwn ou)/t' a)nadei/gmat' e)/xwn.
a)po\ me\n dh\ tou= kh/rukos o)no/mata kh/rugma, khrukei/a e)pikhrukei/a,
khru/keion, kai\ khrukei/a te/lous tino\s o)/noma.
khru/ttein, e)pikhrukeu/
sasqai, a)kh/ruktos po/lemos, e)pikhru/ttein tini\ xrh/mata kai\ a)ntepi
khru/ttein, prokhru=cai po/lemon, katakhru=cai e)kexeiri/an, katakh
ru=cai h(suxi/an, o(\ kai\ katakeleu=sai le/gousin.
a)nakhru=cai a)gw
nisth/n, khru=cai/ tina tw=n a)gwnistw=n, a)pokhru=cai ui(wno\n h)\ ui(o/n.
to\ me/ntoi o)/noma "o( a)pokh/ruktos" ou)k e)/stin e)n xrh/sei th=| palaia=|,
*qeo/pompos
(
a)ll' ou)de\n *qeopo/mpw| staqmhto\n ei)s e(rmhnei/as kri/sin.
to\ d' e)/rgon
au)to\ tw=n khru/kwn khrukeu=sai e)/legon, kai\ *)isai=o/s
(
le/gei khrukeusa/tw.
prokhru=cai d' e)sti\ to\ prokale/sasqai u(po\ kh/
rukos, kai\ u(pokhru/casqai to\ proeipei=n h(suxi/an h)\ kai\ e)paggei/
lasqai/ ti dhmosi/a|: prokhrukeusa/menoi, w(s *)isai=os
(
ei)/rhken.
ta/xa d' a)/n tis tou\s kh/rukas kai\ e(rmhne/as kai\ spondo
fo/rous kai\ e)kexeirofo/rous kai\ a)gge/lous o)noma/seien.
to\ de\ fqe/gma
au)tw=n me/ga, a(dro/n, u(yhlo/n, pro/mhkes e)pi/mhkes, safe/s, a)rti/stomon,
sunexe/s, dihneke/s, a)pota/dhn fqeggo/menon, a)pneusti/, kai\ ta)=lla
o(/sa e)n toi=s peri\ fwnh=s ei)/rhtai.
*ei) de\ kai\ o)/rxhsis me/ros mousikh=s, r(hte/on o)rxhsth/s o)rxhstiko/s,
o)rxh/sasqai u(porxh/sasqai katorxh/sasqai e)corxh/sasqai, o)rxh/mata
u(porxh/mata.
ta/xa de\ kai\ *)orxomeno\s para\ th\n tw=n *xari/twn
o)/rxhsin, w(s *eu)fori/wn
(
*)orxomeno\n *xari/tessin a)fare/sin o)rxhqe/nta.
e)porxou/menos.
o)rxh/stra, o)rxhstri/s, o)rxhstodida/skalos.
sxh
mati/sasqai, sxhmatopoih/sasqai.
eu)sxhmosu/nh, eu)ruqmi/a, eu)armosti/a.
neu=sai sunaponeu=sai, morfa/sai, paragagei=n th\n kefalh/n, dienegkei=n,
perienegkei=n, periagwgh=| xrh/sasqai, tw=n xeirw=n periagwgh=|, ph
dh=sai, purrixi/sai: purri/xh e)no/plios o)/rxhsis.
ei)/pois d' a)\n o)rxhsth\n
kou=fon, e)lafro/n, phdhtiko/n, a(ltiko/n, eu)a/rmoston, eu)/ruqmon,
eu)sxh/mona polusxh/mona, u(gro/n, e)nargh=, e)ndeiktiko/n, dhlwtiko/n,
e)pideiktiko/n, pantodapo/n, eu)tra/pelon, eu)/trepton, dhmoterph=
o)xloterph=, dhmagwgiko/n, r(a/|dion, pro/xeiron, eu)/kolon, u(gromelh=,
eu)kamph=, lugistiko/n, e)piklw/menon, e)cugraino/menon, taxu/xeira ta
xu/poun, eu)ke/falon, eu)/foron i)so/foron, eu)/takton: kai\ ta\ pra/gmata
koufo/thta, e)lafro/thta, ph/dhma, a(/lma, eu)armosti/an, eu)ruqmi/an,
eu)sxhmosu/nhn, u(gro/thta, e)nargo/thta, e)/ndeicin, dh/lwsin, e)pi/deicin,
panh/gurin, te/ryin, r(a|stw/nhn, eu)koli/an, lugismo/n, ka/myin, para
gwgh/n, parafora/n, eu)xeiri/an o)cuxeiri/an taxuxeiri/an, eu)podi/an,
eu)fori/an i)sofori/an, eu)taci/an.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata koufisqh=nai, e)la
fri/sasqai, phdh=sai, paradhlw=sai, e)pidei/casqai e)ndei/casqai par
endei/casqai parepidei/casqai, lugi/sai to\ sw=ma, ka/myai, kla/sai.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata o)rxhstikw=s, eu)sxhmo/nws polusxhmo/nws, eu)
ru/qmws, eu)armo/stws, u(grw=s, e)nargw=s, e)ndeiktikw=s, dhlwtikw=s, e)pi
deiktikw=s, panhgurikw=s, terpnw=s, r(a|di/ws, eu)ko/lws, eu)fo/rws i)sofo/
rws, eu)ta/ktws: ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn traxe/a.
ei)/dh d' o)rxhma/twn e)mme/leia tragikh/, ko/rdakes kwmikoi/, si/kin
nis saturikh/.
e)no/plioi o)rxh/seis purri/xh te kai\ telesia/s, e)pw/numoi
du/o *krhtw=n o)rxhstw=n, *purri/xou te kai\ *telesi/ou.
e)kalei=to de/ ti
kai\ cifismo\s kai\ podismo/s, kai\ diarriknou=sqai, o(/per h)=n to\
th\n o)sfu\n fortikw=s peria/gein.
h)=n de\ kai\ kw=mos ei)=dos o)rxh/sews
kai\ tetra/kwmos, *(hrakle/ous i(era\ kai\ polemikh/.
h)=n de\ kai\ kw
mastikh\ ma/xhn kai\ plhga\s e)/xousa, kai\ h(du/kwmos h(di/wn, kai\ knismo\s
kai\ o)/klasma: ou(/tw ga\r e)n *qesmoforiazou/sais
(
zetai to\ o)/rxhma to\ *persiko\n kai\ su/ntonon.
th\n d' au)th\n kai\ u(gra\n
w)no/mazon.
kai\ falliko\n e)pi\ *dionu/sw|, kai\ kalli/nikos e)f' *(hra
klei=.
kai\ kolabrismo\s *qra/|kion o)/rxhma kai\ *kariko/n: h)=n de\ kai\
tou=to e)no/plion.
kai\ baukismo\s *bau/kou o)rxhstou= kw=mos e)pw/
numos, a(bra/ tis o)/rxhsis kai\ to\ sw=ma e)cugrai/nousa kai\ stro/bilos.
maktrismo\s de\ kai\ a)po/kinos kai\ a)po/seisis kai\ i)/gdis a)selgh= ei)/dh
o)rxh/sewn e)n th=| th=s o)sfu/os perifora=|.
o( de\ mo/qwn fortiko\n
o)/rxhma kai\ nautiko/n.
th\n de\ ge/ranon kata\ plh=qos w)rxou=nto,
e(/kastos u(f' e(ka/stw| kata\ stoi=xon, ta\ a)/kra e(kate/rwqen tw=n h(gemo/nwn
e)xo/ntwn, tw=n peri\ *qhse/a prw=ton peri\ to\n *dh/lion bwmo\n a)pomi
mhsame/nwn th\n a)po\ tou= laburi/nqou e)/codon.
kai\ dipodi/a d'
o)/rxhma *lakwniko/n.
h)=n de\ kai\ gi/ggras pro\s au)lo\n o)/rxhma, e)pw/
numon tou= au)lh/matos.
e(kateri/des de\ kai\ qermaustri/des e)/ntona
o)rxh/mata, to\ me\n xeirw=n ki/nhsin a)skou=n, h( de\ qermaustri\s phdhti
ko/n.
ta\ d' e)klakti/smata gunaikw=n h)=n o)rxh/mata: e)/dei d' u(pe\r to\n
w)=mon e)klakti/sai.
kai\ bi/basis de/ ti h)=n ei)=dos *lakwnikh=s o)rxh/sews,
h(=s kai\ ta\ a)=qla prouti/qeto ou) toi=s paisi\ mo/non a)lla\ kai\ tai=s ko/
rais: e)/dei d' a(/llesqai kai\ yau/ein toi=s posi\ pro\s ta\s puga/s, kai\
h)riqmei=to ta\ phdh/mata, o(/qen kai\ e)pi\ mia=s h)=n e)pi/gramma
(
dial ii 483
xei/lia/ %poka% bi/banti, plei=sta dh\ tw=n ph/poka.
ta\s de\ pinaki/das w)rxou=nto ou)k oi)=da ei)/t' e)pi\ pina/kwn ei)/te pi/
nakas fe/rontes: to\ ga\r kernofo/ron o)/rxhma oi)=d' o(/ti li/kna h)\
e)sxari/das fe/rontes: ke/rna de\ tau=ta e)kalei=to.
to\ d' *)iwniko\n
*)arte/midi w)rxou=nto *sikeliw=tai
(
to\ d' a)ggeliko\n e)mimei=to sxh/mata a)gge/lwn.
o( de\ morfasmo\s pan
todapw=n zw/|wn h)=n mi/mhsis.
h)=n de/ ti kai\ skw/y, to\ d' au)to\ kai\
skwpi/as, ei)=dos o)rxh/sews e)/xon tina\ tou= traxh/lou perifora\n kata\ th\n
tou= o)/rniqos mi/mhsin, o(\s u(p' e)kplh/cews pro\s th\n o)/rxhsin a(li/sketai.
o( de\ le/wn o)rxh/sews fobera=s ei)=dos.
h)=n de/ tina kai\ *lakwnika\
o)rxh/mata, dia\ *male/as: *seilhnoi\ d' h)=san, kai\ u(p' au)toi=s *sa/turoi
u(po/troma o)rxou/menoi.
kai\ i)/qumboi e)pi\ *dionu/sw|, kai\ karua/tides
e)p' *)arte/midi.
kai\ barullika/, to\ me\n eu(/rhma *barulli/xou, proswr
xou=nto de\ gunai=kes *)arte/midi kai\ *)apo/llwni.
oi( d' u(pogu/pwnes
gero/ntwn u(po\ bakthri/ais th\n mi/mhsin ei)=xon: oi( de\ gu/pwnes culi/nwn
kw/lwn e)pibai/nontes w)rxou=nto, diafanh= tarantini/dia a)mpexo/menoi.
kai\ mh\n *)esxa/rinqon o)/rxhma e)pw/numon h)=n tou= eu(ro/ntos au)lhtou=,
turbasi/an d' e)ka/loun to\ o)/rxhma to\ diqurambiko/n, mimhtikh\n de\ di'
h(=s e)mimou=nto tou\s e)pi\ th=| kloph=| tw=n e(w/lwn krew=n a(liskome/nous.
lombro/teron d' h)=n o(\ w)rxou=nto gumnoi\ su\n ai)sxrologi/a|.
h)=n de\ kai\
to\ sxista\s e(/lkein sxh=ma o)rxh/sews xwrikh=s, e)/dei de\ phdw=nta e)pal
la/ttein ta\ ske/lh.
kai\ mh\n tragikh=s o)rxh/sews sxh/mata simh\ xei/r,
kalaqi/skos, xei\r katapranh/s, cu/lou para/lhyis, diplh=, qermaustri/s,
kubi/sthsis, parabh=nai ta\ te/ttara.
o( de\ tetra/kwmos, to\ th=s
o)rxh/sews ei)=dos, ou)k oi)=da ei)/ ti prosh=kon h)=n toi=s *)aqh/nhsi tetra
kw/mois, oi(\ h)=san *peiraiei=s *falhrei=s *cupetai/ones *qumoita/dai.
*tou/tois d' a)\n prosh/koi xoro/s, xoreuth/s, xoropoii/a, xorostasi/a,
xoriko\n me/los, xoreu=sai, sugxoreuth/s, xorhgo/s, xorhgi/a, xorh/gion
o( to/pos ou(= h( paraskeuh\ tou= xorou=.
pro/sxoron d' *)aristofa/nhs
(
reu/trian
(h(gemw\n xorou=, korufai=os xorou=, xoro
le/kths, xoropoio/s, dida/skalos u(podida/skalos, xorodida/skalos,
deciosta/ths a)risterosta/ths, deuterosta/ths tritosta/ths, kai\ th\n
gunai=ka de\ tritosta/tin *)aristofa/nhs
(paidiko\s
xoro/s, a)ndriko/s, kwmiko/s, tragiko/s.
kai\ h(mixo/rion de\ kai\ dixori/a
kai\ a)ntixo/ria.
e)/oike de\ tau)to\n ei)=nai tauti\ ta\ tri/a o)no/mata:
o(po/tan ga\r o( xoro\s ei)s du/o me/rh tmhqh=|, to\ me\n pra=gma kalei=tai
dixori/a, e(kate/ra d' h( moi=ra h(mixo/rion, a(\ d' a)nta/|dousin, a)ntixo/ria.
trixori/an de\ *tu/rtaios e)/sthse, trei=s *lakw/nwn xorou/s, kaq' h(liki/an
e(ka/sthn, pai=das a)/ndras ge/rontas.
e)pi\ de\ xorou= kai\ sumfwni/a
kai\ sunw|di/a kai\ sunauli/a.
kai\ h( me\n ei)/sodos tou= xorou= pa/rodos
kalei=tai, h( de\ kata\ xrei/an e)/codos w(s pa/lin ei)sio/ntwn meta/stasis, h(
de\ meta\ tau/thn ei)/sodos e)pipa/rodos, h( de\ teleutai/a e)/codos a)/fodos.
kai\ e)peiso/dion d' e)n dra/masi pra=gma pra/gmati sunapto/menon.
kai\
me/los de/ ti e)co/dion, o(\ e)cio/ntes h)=|don.
me/rh de\ xorou= stoi=xos kai\
zugo/n.
kai\ tragikou= me\n xorou= zuga\ pe/nte e)k triw=n kai\ stoi=xoi
trei=s e)k pe/nte: pentekai/deka ga\r h)=san o( xoro/s.
kai\ kata\ trei=s me\n
ei)sh/|esan, ei) kata\ zuga\ gi/noito h( pa/rodos: ei) de\ kata\ stoi/xous,
a)na\ pe/nte ei)sh/|esan.
e)/sq' o(/te de\ kai\ kaq' e(/na e)poiou=nto th\n
pa/rodon.
o( de\ kwmiko\s xoro\s te/ttares kai\ ei)/kosin h)=san oi( xo
reutai/, zuga\ e(/c, e(/kaston de\ zugo\n e)k tetta/rwn, stoi=xoi de\ te/t
tares, e(\c a)/ndras e)/xwn e(/kastos stoi=xos.
o(po/te mh\n a)nti\ teta/rtou
u(pokritou= de/oi tina\ tw=n xoreutw=n ei)pei=n e)n w)|dh=|, paraskh/nion ka
lei=tai to\ pra=gma, w(s e)n *)agame/mnoni *ai)sxu/lou: ei) de\ te/tartos
u(pokrith/s ti parafqe/gcaito, tou=to paraxorh/ghma o)noma/zetai, kai\
pepra=xqai/ fasin au)to\ e)n *me/mnoni *ai)sxu/lou.
to\ de\ palaio\n o(
tragiko\s xoro\s penth/konta h)=san, a)/xri tw=n *eu)meni/dwn *ai)sxu/lou: pro\s
de\ to\n o)/xlon au)tw=n tou= plh/qous e)kptohqe/ntos sune/steilen o( no/mos
ei)s e)la/ttw a)riqmo\n to\n xoro/n.
tw=n de\ xorikw=n a)|sma/twn tw=n kwmikw=n e(/n ti kai\ h( para/
basis, o(/tan a(\ o( poihth\s pro\s to\ qe/atron bou/letai le/gein, o(
xoro\s parelqw\n le/gh|.
e)pieikw=s d' au)to\ poiou=sin oi( kwmw|do
poihtai/, tragiko\n d' ou)k e)/stin: a)ll' *eu)ripi/dhs au)to\ pepoi/hken e)n
polloi=s dra/masin.
e)n me/n ge th=| *dana/h| to\n xoro\n ta\s gunai=kas
u(pe\r au(tou= ti poih/sas para/|dein, e)klaqo/menos w(s a)/ndras le/gein
e)poi/hse tw=| sxh/mati, th=s le/cews ta\s gunai=kas.
kai\ *sofoklh=s d'
au)to\ e)k th=s pro\s e)kei=non a(mi/llhs poiei= spania/kis, w(/sper e)n *(ip
po/nw|.
th=s me/ntoi paraba/sews th=s kwmikh=s e(pta\ a)\n ei)/h me/rh,
komma/tion para/basis makro\n strofh\ e)pi/rrhma a)nti/strofos a)nte
pi/rrhma, w(=n to\ me\n komma/tion katabolh/ ti/s e)sti braxe/os me/
lous, h( de\ para/basis w(s to\ polu\ me\n e)n a)napai/stw| me/trw|, ei) d'
ou)=n kai\ e)n a)/llw|, a)na/paista th\n e)pi/klhn e)/xei.
to\ d' o)nomazo/menon
makro\n e)pi\ th=| paraba/sei braxu\ melu/drio/n e)stin, a)pneusti\ a)|do/menon.
th=| de\ strofh=| e)n kw/lois proa|sqei/sh| to\ e)pi/rrhma e)n tetrame/trois
e)pa/getai.
kai\ th=s a)ntistro/fou th=| strofh=| a)nta|sqei/shs, to\ a)nte
pi/rrhma teleutai=on o)\n th=s paraba/sew/s e)sti tetra/metra, ou)k
e)la/ttw to\n a)riqmo\n tou= e)pirrh/matos.
*ei)si\ d' a)po\ tou/twn kai\ u(pokritai\ kai\ u(po/krisis kai\ a)nti/krisis,
kai\ u(pokri/nasqai ta\ i)ambei=a, diaqe/sqai, sxhmati/sasqai, r(h=sin dia
pera/nasqai, r(h=sin a)potei=nai, ei)=ra
u(porxh/sasqai, e)ndei/casqai parendei/casqai, neu=sai, xleua/sai, mor
fa/sai.
stixomuqei=n d' e)/legon to\ par' e(\n i)ambei=on a)ntile/gein,
kai\ to\ pra=gma stixomuqi/an.
ei)/pois d' a)\n baru/stonos u(pokrith/s,
bombw=n peribombw=n, lhkuqi/zwn, laruggi/zwn, faruggi/zwn: baru/
fwnos de\ kai\ lepto/fwnos kai\ gunaiko/fwnos kai\ strhno/fwnos,
kai\ o(/sa su\n tou/tois a)/lla, e)n toi=s peri\ fwnh=s proei/rhtai
(
a)nazugw=sai de\ to\ fqe/gma e)/legon, kai\ katapepni=xqai to\ fqe/gma.
kai\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
fqe/gcai su\ th\n fwnh\n a)nateixi/sas a)/nw.
o( d' au)to\s
(
fqe/gma kekra/thken.
kai\ skeuh\ me\n h( tw=n u(pokritw=n stolh/_h( d' au)th\ kai\ sw
ma/tion e)kalei=to_skeuopoio\s d' o( proswpopoio/s: kai\ e)/stin ei)pei=n
pro/swpon proswpei=on proswpi/s, mormolukei=on, gorgo/neion.
kai\
ta\ u(podh/mata ko/qornoi me\n ta\ tragika\ kai\ e)mba/des, e)mba/tai
de\ ta\ kwmika/.
kai\ e)sqh=tes me\n tragikai\ poiki/lon_ou(/tw
ga\r e)kalei=to o( xitw/n_ta\ d' e)piblh/mata custi/s, batraxi/s, xlani/s,
xlamu\s dia/xrusos, xruso/pastos, stato/s, foiniki/s, tia/ra, kalu/ptra,
mi/tra: a)grhno/n_to\ d' h)=n ple/gma e)c e)ri/wn diktuw=des peri\ pa=n
to\ sw=ma, o(\ *teiresi/as e)peba/lleto h)/ tis a)/llos ma/ntis_ko/lpwma,
o(\ u(pe\r ta\ poiki/la e)nedu/onto oi( *)atrei=s kai\ oi( *)agame/mnones kai\
o(/soi toiou=toi, e)fapti/s, sustremma/tio/n ti porfurou=n h)\ foinikou=n,
o(\ peri\ th\n xei=ra ei)=xon oi( polemou=ntes h)\ oi( qhrw=ntes.
o( de\ krokwto\s
i(ma/tion: *dio/nusos d' au)tw=| e)xrh=to kai\ masxalisth=ri a)nqinw=| kai\
qu/rsw|.
oi( d' e)n dustuxi/ais o)/ntes h)\ leuka\ duspinh= ei)=xon, ma/lista
oi( fuga/des, h)\ faia\ h)\ me/lana h)\ mh/lina h)\ glau/kina: r(a/kia de\ *filo
kth/tou kai\ *thle/fou h( stolh/.
kai\ nebri/des de\ kai\ difqe/rai kai\
ma/xairai kai\ skh=ptra kai\ do/rata kai\ to/ca kai\ fare/tra kai\ khru/
keia kai\ r(o/pala kai\ leonth= kai\ panteuxi/a me/rh tragikh=s a)ndrei/as
skeuh=s.
gunaikei/as de\ surto\s porfurou=s, para/phxu leuko\n th=s
basileuou/shs: th=s d' e)n sumfora=| o( me\n surto\s me/las, to\ de\ peri/
blhma glau/kinon h)\ mh/linon.
h( de\ saturikh\ e)sqh\s nebri/s, ai)gh=,
h(\n kai\ i)calh=n e)ka/loun kai\ tragh=n, kai/ pou kai\ pardalh= u(fasme/nh,
kai\ to\ qh/raion to\ *dionusiako/n, kai\ xlani\s a)nqinh/, kai\ foinikou=n
i(ma/tion, kai\ xortai=os, xitw\n dasu/s, o(\n oi( *seilhnoi\ forou=sin.
kw
mikh\ de\ e)sqh\s e)cwmi/s: e)/sti de\ xitw\n leuko\s a)/shmos, kata\ th\n
a)ristera\n pleura\n r(afh\n ou)k e)/xwn, a)/gnaptos.
gero/ntwn de\ fo/
rhma i(ma/tion, kampu/lh: foiniki\s h)\ melampo/rfuron i(ma/tion fo/rhma
newte/rwn.
ph/ra bakthri/a difqe/ra e)pi\ tw=n a)groi/kwn.
kai\ porfura=|
d' e)sqh=ti xrw=ntai oi( neani/skoi, oi( de\ para/sitoi melai/nh| h)\ faia=|,
plh\n e)n *sikuwni/w|
(
o( para/sitos.
th=| de\ tw=n dou/lwn e)cwmi/di kai\ i(mati/dio/n ti pro/skei
tai leuko/n, o(\ e)gko/mbwma le/getai h)\ %e)pi/rrhma%.
tw=| de\ ma
gei/rw| diplh= a)/gnaptos h( e)sqh/s.
h( de\ gunaikw=n e)sqh\s kwmikw=n, h(
me\n tw=n graw=n mhli/nh h)\ a)eri/nh, plh\n i(ereiw=n: tau/tais de\ leukh/.
ai( de\ mastropoi\ h)\ mhte/res e(tairw=n taini/dio/n ti porfurou=n peri\ th=|
kefalh=| e)/xousin.
h( de\ tw=n ne/wn leukh\ h)\ bussi/nh, e)piklh/rwn de\
leukh\ krosswth/.
pornoboskoi\ de\ xitw=ni baptw=| kai\ a)nqinw=| peri
bolai/w| h)/sqhntai, r(a/bdon eu)qei=an fe/rontes: a)/reskos kalei=tai h( r(a/bdos.
toi=s de\ parasi/tois pro/sesti kai\ stleggi\s kai\ lh/kuqos, w(s toi=s a)groi/
kois lagwbo/lon.
e)ni/ais de\ gunaici\ kai\ para/phxu kai\ summetri/a,
o(/per e)sti\ xitw\n podh/rhs, a(lourgh\s ku/klw|.
*)epei\ de\ kai\ to\ qe/atron ou) mikro\n me/ros e)sti\ tw=n mousikw=n,
au)to\ me\n a)\n ei)/pois qe/atron kai\ *dionusiako\n qe/atron kai\ *lhnai+ko/n,
kai\ to\ plh=qos qeata/s.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
qea/trian ei)/rhken, w(/st' ou) qeath\n mo/non ei)/pois a)\n a)lla\ kai\
qea/trian, kata\ de\ *pla/twna
(
tou\s d' a)nabasmou\s kai\ ba/qra kai\ e(/dras kai\ e(dw/lia, kai\ e(dwlia/zein to\
sugkaqi/zein.
prw=ton de\ cu/lon h( proedri/a, ma/lista me\n dikasthri/wn,
e)f' w(=n kai\ to\n prw=ton kaqi/zonta prwto/baqron *ferekra/ths
(?
`226 ko
kata\ kata/xrhsin le/gois.
to\ me/ntoi ta\ e(dw/lia tai=s pte/rnais kata
krou/ein pternokopei=n e)/legon: e)poi/oun de\ tou=to, o(po/te tina\ e)kba/
loien, e)f' ou(= kai\ to\ klw/zein kai\ to\ suri/ttein.
e)kalei=to de/ ti kai\
bouleutiko\n me/ros tou= qea/trou kai\ e)fhbiko/n.
e)/cesti de\ kai\ to\ pa
rape/tasma au)lai/an kalei=n, *(uperei/dou ei)po/ntos e)n tw=| kata\ *pa
trokle/ous
("oi( d' e)nne/a a)/rxontes ei(stiw=nto e)n th=|
stoa=|, perifraca/menoi/ ti me/ros au)th=s au)lai/a|."
me/rh de\ qea/trou puli\s kai\ yali\s kai\ katatomh/, kerki/des,
skhnh/, o)rxh/stra, logei=on, proskh/nion, paraskh/nia, u(poskh/nia.
kai\
skhnh\ me\n u(pokritw=n i)/dion, h( d' o)rxh/stra tou= xorou=, e)n h(=| kai\ h(
qume/lh, ei)/te bh=ma/ ti ou)=sa ei)/te bwmo/s.
e)pi\ de\ th=s skhnh=s kai\ a)guieu\s
e)/keito bwmo\s o( pro\ tw=n qurw=n, kai\ tra/peza pe/mmata e)/xousa, h(\
qewri\s w)noma/zeto h)\ quwri/s.
e)leo\s d' h)=n tra/peza a)rxai/a: e)f' h(\n
pro\ *qe/spidos ei(=s tis a)naba\s toi=s xoreutai=s a)pekri/nato.
to\ d'
u(poskh/nion ki/osi kai\ a)galmati/ois e)keko/smhto pro\s to\ qe/atron tetram
me/nois, u(po\ to\ logei=on kei/menon.
triw=n de\ tw=n kata\ th\n skhnh\n
qurw=n h( me/sh me\n basi/leion h)\ sph/laion h)\ oi)=kos e)/ndocos h)\ pa=n tou=
prwtagwnistou=ntos tou= dra/matos, h( de\ decia\ tou= deuteragwni
stou=ntos katagw/gion: h( d' a)ristera\ to\ eu)tele/staton e)/xei pro/swpon
h)\ i(ero\n e)chrhmwme/non, h)\ a)/oiko/s e)stin.
e)n de\ tragw|di/a| h( me\n
decia\ qu/ra cenw/n e)stin, ei)rkth\ d' h( laia/.
to\ de\ klisi/on e)n kw
mw|di/a| para/keitai para\ th\n oi)ki/an, parapeta/smati dhlou/menon.
kai\
e)/sti me\n staqmo\s u(pozugi/wn, kai\ ai( qu/rai au)tou= mei/zous dokou=si,
kalou/menai klisia/des, pro\s to\ kai\ ta\s a(ma/cas ei)selau/nein kai\ ta\
skeuofo/ra.
e)n d' *)antifa/nous *)akestri/a|
(
sth/rion ge/gonen: fhsi\ gou=n
%ei) ga\r e)/stin e)rgasth/rion oi)ki/as% to\ kli/sion
pro/tero/n pot' h)=n toi=s e)c a)grou= bousi\ staqmo/s
kai\ toi=s o)/nois, pepoi/hken e)rgasth/rion.
par' e(ka/tera de\ tw=n du/o qurw=n tw=n peri\ th\n me/shn a)/llai du/o ei)=en
a)/n: mhxanai\ d' e(kate/rwqen, pro\s ai(=s ai( peri/aktoi sumpeph/gasin,
h( me\n decia\ ta\ e)/cw po/lews dhlou=sa, h( d' e(te/ra ta\ e)k po/lews,
ma/lista ta\ e)k lime/nos: kai\ qeou/s te qalatti/ous e)pa/gei, kai\ pa/nq'
o(/sa e)paxqe/stera o)/nta h( mhxanh\ fe/rein a)dunatei=.
ei) d' e)pistrafei=en
ai( peri/aktoi, h( decia\ me\n a)mei/bei to/pon, a)mfo/terai de\ xw/ran u(pal
la/ttousin.
tw=n me/ntoi paro/dwn h( me\n decia\ a)gro/qen h)\ e)k li
me/nos h)\ e)k po/lews a)/gei: oi( d' a)llaxo/qen pezoi\ a)fiknou/menoi kata\
th\n e(te/ran ei)si/asin.
ei)selqo/ntes de\ kata\ th\n o)rxh/stran e)pi\ th\n
skhnh\n a)nabai/nousi dia\ klima/kwn: th=s de\ kli/makos oi( baqmoi\ kli
makth=res kalou=ntai.
ei)/h d' a)\n tw=n e)k qea/trou kai\ e)kku/klhma kai\ mhxanh\ kai\
e)cw/stra kai\ skoph\ kai\ tei=xos kai\ pu/rgos kai\ fruktw/rion kai\
distegi/a kai\ keraunoskopei=on kai\ brontei=on kai\ qeologei=on kai\ ge/
ranos kai\ ai)w=rai kai\ katablh/mata kai\ h(miku/klion kai\ strofei=on kai\
xarw/nioi kli/makes kai\ a)napie/smata.
kai\ to\ me\n e)kku/klhma
e)pi\ cu/lwn u(yhlo\n ba/qron, w(=| e)pi/keitai qro/nos: dei/knusi de\ ta\ u(po\
skhnh\n e)n tai=s oi)ki/ais a)po/rrhta praxqe/nta.
kai\ to\ r(h=ma tou= e)/rgou
kalei=tai e)kkuklei=n.
e)f' ou(= d' ei)sa/getai to\ e)kku/klhma, ei)sku/klhma
o)noma/zetai.
kai\ xrh\ tou=to noei=sqai kaq' e(ka/sthn qu/ran, i(/n' h)=| kaq'
e(ka/sthn oi)ki/an.
h( mhxanh\ de\ qeou\s dei/knusi kai\ h(/rws tou\s e)n
a)e/ri *bellerofo/ntas h)\ *perse/as, kai\ kei=tai kata\ th\n a)ristera\n pa/r
odon, u(pe\r th\n skhnh\n to\ u(/yos.
o(\ d' e)sti\n e)n tragw|di/a| mhxanh/,
tou=to kalou=sin e)n kwmw|di/a| kra/dhn.
dh=lon d' o(/ti sukh=s e)sti
mi/mhsis: kra/dhn ga\r th\n sukh=n kalou=sin oi( *)attikoi/.
th\n d'
e)cw/stran tau)to\ tw=| e)kkuklh/mati nomi/zousin.
h( skoph\ de\
pepoi/htai katasko/pois h)\ toi=s a)/llois o(/soi proskopou=sin, kai\ to\
tei=xos kai\ o( pu/rgos w(s a)f' u(/yous i)dei=n.
to\ de\ fruktw/rion tw=|
o)no/mati dhloi= to\ e)/rgon.
h( de\ distegi/a pote\ me\n e)n oi)/kw| ba
silei/w| dih=res dwma/tion, oi(=on a)f' ou(= e)n *foini/ssais
(
go/nh ble/pei to\n strato/n, pote\ de\ kai\ ke/ramos, a)f' ou(= ba/llousi tw=|
kera/mw|: e)n de\ kwmw|di/a| a)po\ th=s distegi/as pornoboskoi/ ti kato
pteu/ousin h)\ gra/|dia h)\ gu/naia katable/pei.
keraunoskopei=on
de\ kai\ brontei=on, to\ me/n e)sti peri/aktos u(yhlh/: to\ de\ brontei=on,
u(po\ th=| skhnh=| o)/pisqen a)skoi\ yh/fwn e)/mpleoi diwgkwme/noi fe/rontai
kata\ xalkwma/twn.
a)po\ de\ tou= qeologei/ou o)/ntos u(pe\r th\n
skhnh\n e)n u(/yei e)pifai/nontai qeoi/, w(s o( *zeu\s kai\ oi( peri\ au)to\n
e)m *yuxostasi/a|.
h( de\ ge/ranos mhxa/nhma/ e)stin e)k metew/rou kata
fero/menon e)f' a(rpagh=| sw/matos, w(=| ke/xrhtai *)hw\s a(rpa/zousa to\
sw=ma to\ *me/mnonos.
ai)w/ras d' a)\n ei)/pois tou\s ka/lws, oi(\ ka
th/rthntai e)c u(/yous w(s a)ne/xein tou\s e)pi\ tou= a)e/ros fe/resqai do
kou=ntas h(/rws h)\ qeou/s.
ta\ katablh/mata d' u(fa/smata h)\ pi/nakes
h)=san e)/xontes grafa\s th=| xrei/a| tw=n drama/twn prosfo/rous: kateba/lleto
d' e)pi\ ta\s peria/ktous o)/ros deiknu/nta h)\ qa/lattan h)\ potamo\n h)\ a)/llo
ti toiou=ton.
tw=| d' h(mikukli/w| to\ me\n sxh=ma o)/noma, h( de\ qe/sis
kata\ th\n o)rxh/stran, h( de\ xrei/a dhlou=n po/rrw tina\ th=s po/lews
to/pon h)\ tou\s e)n qala/tth| nhxome/nous, w(/sper kai\ to\ strofei=on,
o(\ tou\s h(/rws e)/xei tou\s ei)s to\ qei=on meqesthko/tas, h)\ tou\s e)n pela/gei
h)\ pole/mw| teleutw=ntas.
ai( de\ xarw/nioi kli/makes, kata\ ta\s
e)k tw=n e(dwli/wn kaqo/dous kei/menai, ta\ ei)/dwla a)p' au)tw=n a)na
pe/mpousin.
ta\ d' a)napie/smata, to\ me/n e)stin e)n th=| skhnh=| w(s
potamo\n a)ne/lkein h)\ toiou=to/n ti pro/swpon, to\ de\ peri\ tou\s a)na
basmou/s, a)f' w(=n a)ne/bainon *)erinu/es.
a)lla\ mh\n kai\ pro/swpa ta\ me\n tragika\ ei)/h a)\n ta/de, curi/as
a)nh/r, leuko/s, spartopo/lios, me/las a)nh/r, canqo\s a)nh/r, canqo/teros
a)nh/r.
ou(=toi me\n ge/rontes, o( me\n curi/as presbu/tatos tw=n ge
ro/ntwn, leuko\s th\n ko/mhn: proskei/menai tw=| o)/gkw| ai( tri/xes.
o)/gkos
de/ e)sti to\ u(pe\r to\ pro/swpon a)ne/xon ei)s u(/yos labdoeide\s tw=| sxh/
mati.
to\ de\ ge/neion e)n xrw=| kouri/as e)sti\n o( curi/as, e)pimh/khs w)\n
ta\s pareia/s.
o( de\ leuko\s a)nh\r pa=s me/n e)sti polio/s, bostru/xous d'
e)/xei peri\ th=| kefalh=| kai\ ge/neion pephgo\s kai\ propetei=s o)fru=s kai\
para/leukon to\ xrw=ma: o( d' o)/gkos braxu/s.
o(/ ge mh\n spartopo/lios
dhloi= me\n th\n tw=n poliw=n fu/sin, me/las d' e)sti\ kai\ u(/pwxros.
o( de\
me/las a)nh/r, a)po\ me\n th=s xroia=s tou)/noma, ou)=los de\ kai\ ta\ ge/neia
kai\ th\n ko/mhn, traxu\s de\ to\ pro/swpon, kai\ me/gas o( o)/gkos.
o( de\
canqo\s a)nh\r canqou\s e)/xei bostru/xous kai\ o)/gkon h(/ttw, kai\ e)/stin
eu)/xrws.
o( de\ canqo/teros ta\ me\n a)/lla o(/moios, u(/pwxros de\ ma=llon,
kai\ dhloi= nosou=ntas.
ta\ de\ neani/skwn pro/swpa pa/gxrhstos,
ou)=los, pa/roulos, a(palo/s, pinaro/s, deu/teros pinaro/s, w)xro/s, pa/
rwxros.
o( me\n pa/gxrhstos presbu/tatos tw=n neani/skwn, a)ge/neios,
eu)/xrws, melaino/menos o(ra=tai: dasei=ai kai\ me/lainai ai( tri/xes.
o( d' ou)=los canqo\s u(pe/rogkos: ai( tri/xes tw=| o)/gkw| prospeph/gasin:
o)fru=s a)nate/tatai, blosuro\s to\ ei)=dos.
o( de\ pa/roulos ta)=lla e)oikw\s
tw=| pro\ au)tou= ma=llon neani/zei.
o( d' a(palo\s bostru/xois canqo/s,
leuko/xrws, faidro/s, pre/pwn qew=| kalw=|.
o( de\ pinaro\s o)gkw/dhs,
u(pope/lidnos, kathfh/s, duspinh/s, canqh=| ko/mh| e)pikomw=n.
o( de\
deu/teros pinaro\s tosou/tw| tou= prote/rou i)sxno/teros o(/sw| kai\ nearw/
teros.
o( d' w)xro\s sfrigano/s e)sti tai=s sarci\ kai\ peri/komos, u(po/
canqos, nosw/dhs th\n xroia/n, oi(=os ei)dw/lw| h)\ traumati/a| pre/pein.
o(
de\ pa/rwxros ta\ me\n a)/lla oi(=os o( pa/gxrhstos, w)xria=| d' w(s dhlou=n
nosou=nta h)\ e)rw=nta.
ta\ me/ntoi qerapo/ntwn pro/swpa difqeri/as,
sfhnopw/gwn, a)na/sillos.
o( me\n difqeri/as o)/gkon ou)k e)/xwn peri/
kranon d' e)/xei kai\ tri/xas e)ktenisme/nas leuka/s, pro/swpon u(/pw
xro/n te kai\ u(po/leukon, kai\ mukth=ra traxu/n, e)pisku/nion mete/wron,
o)fqalmou\s skuqrwpou/s: u(/pwxros d' e)sti\ kai\ to\ ge/neion propale/steros.
o( de\ sfhnopw/gwn a)kma/zei, kai\ o)/gkon u(yhlo\n e)/xei kai\ platu/n, koilaino/
menon e)n th=| perifora=|: canqo/s, traxu/s, e)ruqro/s, pre/pwn a)gge/lw|.
o( d' a)na/sillos u(pe/rogkos canqo/s: e)k me/sou a)nate/tantai ai( tri/xes:
a)ge/neio/s e)stin, u(pe/ruqros.
kai\ ou(=tos a)gge/llei.
ta\ de\ gunaikw=n
pro/swpa polia\ kata/komos, gra/|dion e)leu/qeron, gra/|dion oi)ketiko/n,
meso/kouron, difqeri=tis, kata/komos w)xra/, meso/kouros w)xra/,
meso/kouros pro/sfatos, kou/rimos parqe/nos, e(te/ra kou/rimos,
ko/rh.
h( me\n polia\ kata/komos u(pe\r ta\s a)/llas th/n te h(liki/an kai\
th\n a)ci/wsin, leuko/komos, metri/a to\n o)/gkon, u(/pwxros: pa/lai de\
para/xrwmos e)kalei=to.
to\ d' e)leu/qeron gra/|dion u(po/canqon th\n
xroia/n, mikro\n o)/gkon e)/xon: me/xri tw=n kleidw=n ai( tri/xes: u(pofai/nei
sumfora/n.
to\ d' oi)ketiko\n gra/|dion peri/kranon e)c a)rnaki/dwn a)nti\
tou= o)/gkou e)/xei, kai\ r(uso/n e)sti ta\s sa/rkas.
to\ d' oi)ketiko\n
meso/kouron, braxu\s o)/gkos, xro/a leukh/, pa/rwxros, ou) pa/nta polio/n.
h( de\ difqeri=tis newte/ra t' e)kei/nhs kai\ o)/gkon ou)k e)/xei.
h( de\
kata/komos w)xra\ me/laina th\n ko/mhn, ble/mma luphro/n, to\ de\ xrw=ma
e)k tou= o)no/matos.
h( de\ meso/kouros w)xra\ o(moi/a th=| katako/mw|,
plh\n o(/sa e)k me/sou ke/kartai.
h( de\ meso/kouros pro/sfatos th\n
me\n koura\n e)/xei kata\ th\n pro\ au)th=s, ou)ke/ti de\ th\n w)xro/thta.
h(
de\ kou/rimos parqe/nos a)nti\ o)/gkou e)/xei trixw=n kateyhgme/nwn dia/
krisin, kai\ braxe/a e)n ku/klw| perike/kartai, u(/pwxros de\ th\n xroia/n.
h( d' e(te/ra kou/rimos parqe/nos ta)=lla o(moi/a plh\n th=s diakri/sews kai\
tw=n ku/klw| bostru/xwn, w(s e)k pollou= dustuxou=sa.
h( de\ ko/rh nearo\n
pro/swpon, oi(/a a)\n *dana/h ge/noito h)\ a)/llh paidi/skh.
ta\ d' e)/k
skeua pro/swpa *)aktai/wn e)sti\ kerasfo/ros, h)\ *fineu\s tuflo/s, h)\
*qa/muris to\n me\n e)/xwn glauko\n o)fqalmo\n to\n de\ me/lana, h)\ *)/argos
poluo/fqalmos, h)\ *eu)i/pph h( *xei/rwnos u(pallattome/nh ei)s i(/ppon par'
*eu)ripi/dh|, h)\ *turw\ pelidnh\ ta\s pareia\s para\ *sofoklei=_tou=to
d' u(po\ th=s mhtruia=s *sidhrou=s plhgai=s pe/ponqen_h)\ *)axilleu\s
e)pi\ *patro/klw| a)/komos, h)\ *)amumw/nh, h)\ potamo\s h)\ o)/ros, h)\ *gorgw/, h)\
*di/kh h)\ *qa/natos h)\ *)erinu\s h)\ *lu/ssa h)\ *oi)=stros h)\ *(/ubris, h)\ *ke/ntauros
h)\ *tita\n h)\ *gi/gas h)\ *)indo\s h)\ *tri/twn, ta/xa de\ kai\ *po/lis kai\ %*pri/amos
kai\ *peiqw\ kai\ *mou=sai kai\ *(=wrai kai\ *miqa/kou *nu/mfai kai\ *pleia/des
kai\ *)apa/th kai\ *me/qh kai\ *)/oknos kai\ *fqo/nos.
a)lla\ tau=ta me\n a)\n ei)/h kai\ kwmika/, saturika\ de\ pro/swpa
*sa/turos polio/s, *sa/turos geneiw=n, *sa/turos a)ge/neios, *seilhno\s pa/p
pos.
ta)=lla o(/moia ta\ pro/swpa, plh\n o(/sois e)k tw=n o)noma/twn ai(
parallagai\ dhlou=ntai, w(/sper kai\ o( *papposei/lhnos th\n i)de/an e)sti\
qhriwde/steros.
ta\ de\ kwmika\ pro/swpa ta\ me\n th=s palaia=s kwmw|di/as w(s to\
polu\ toi=s prosw/pois w(=n e)kwmw/|doun a)peika/zeto h)\ e)pi\ to\ geloio/teron
e)sxhma/tisto, ta\ de\ th=s ne/as pa/ppos prw=tos, pa/ppos deu/teros,
h(gemw\n presbu/ths, presbu/ths makropw/gwn h)\ e)pisei/wn, *(ermw/nios,
sfhnopw/gwn, *lukomh/deios, pornobosko/s, *(ermw/nios deu/teros.
ou(=toi me\n ge/rontes, o( me\n prw=tos pa/ppos presbu/tatos, e)n
xrw=| kouri/as, h(merw/tatos ta\s o)fru=s, eu)ge/neios, i)sxno\s ta\s pareia/s,
th\n o)/yin kathfh/s, leuko\s to\ xrw=ma, to\ me/twpon u(po/faidros.
o( d'
e(/teros pa/ppos i)sxno/teros kai\ e)ntonw/teros to\ ble/mma kai\ luphro/s,
u(/pwxros, eu)ge/neios, purso/qric, w)tokataci/as.
o( d' h(gemw\n presbu/
ths stefa/nhn trixw=n peri\ th\n kefalh\n e)/xei, e)pi/grupos, platupro/
swpos, th\n o)fru\n a)nate/tatai th\n decia/n.
o( de\ presbu/ths makro
pw/gwn kai\ e)pisei/wn stefa/nhn trixw=n peri\ th\n kefalh\n e)/xei,
eu)pw/gwn d' e)sti\ kai\ ou)k a)nate/tatai ta\s o)fru=s, nwqro\s de\ th\n
o)/yin.
o( d' *(ermw/nios a)nafalanti/as, eu)pw/gwn, a)nate/tatai ta\s
o)fru=s, to\ ble/mma drimu/s.
o( de\ sfhnopw/gwn a)nafalanti/as,
o)fru=s a)natetame/nos, o)cuge/neios, u(podu/stropos.
o( de\ *lukomh/deios
ou)lo/komos, makroge/neios, a)natei/nei th\n e(te/ran o)fru/n, polupragmo
su/nhn parendei/knutai.
o( de\ pornobosko\s ta)=lla me\n e)/oike tw=|
*lukomhdei/w|, ta\ de\ xei/lh u(pose/shre kai\ suna/gei ta\s o)fru=s, kai\
a)nafalanti/as e)sti\n h)\ falakro/s.
o( de\ deu/teros *(ermw/nios
a)pecurhme/nos e)sti\ kai\ sfhnopw/gwn.
ta\ de\ tw=n neani/skwn
pa/gxrhstos neani/skos, me/las neani/skos, ou)=los neani/skos, a(palo/s,
a)/groikos, e)pi/seistos, deu/teros e)pi/seistos, ko/lac, para/sitos, ei)ko
niko/s, *sikeliko/s.
o( me\n pa/gxrhstos u(pe/ruqros, gumnastiko/s, u(po
kexrwsme/nos, r(uti/das o)li/gas e)/xwn e)pi\ tou= metw/pou kai\ ste
fa/nhn trixw=n, a)natetame/nos ta\s o)fru=s.
o( de\ me/las neani/skos new/
teros, kaqeime/nos ta\s o)fru=s, pepaideume/nw| h)\ filogumnasth=| e)oikw/s.
o( d' ou)=los neani/skos ma=llon ne/os, u(pe/ruqros to\ xrw=ma: ai( de\
tri/xes kata\ tou)/noma: o)fru=s a)nate/tatai, kai\ r(uti\s e)pi\ tou= metw/pou
mi/a.
o( d' a(palo\s neani/skos, tri/xes me\n kata\ to\n pa/gxrhston, pa/ntwn
de\ new/tatos, leuko/s, skiatrofi/as, a(palo/thta u(podhlw=n.
tw=| d'
a)groi/kw| to\ me\n xrw=ma melai/netai, ta\ de\ xei/lh plate/a kai\ h( r(i\s
simh/, kai\ stefa/nh trixw=n.
tw=| d' e)pisei/stw|, stratiw/th| o)/nti kai\ a)la
zo/ni kai\ th\n xroia\n me/lani kai\ melagko/mh|, e)pisei/ontai ai( tri/xes,
w(/sper kai\ tw=| deute/rw| e)pisei/stw|, a(palwte/rw| o)/nti kai\ canqw=| th\n
ko/mhn.
ko/lac de\ kai\ para/sitos me/lanes, ou) mh\n e)/cw palai/stras,
e)pi/grupoi, eu)paqei=s: tw=| de\ parasi/tw| ma=llon kate/age ta\ w)=ta, kai\
faidro/tero/s e)stin, w(/sper o( ko/lac a)nate/tatai kakohqe/steron ta\s
o)fru=s.
o( d' ei)koniko\s e)/xei me\n e)nesparme/nas ta\s polia\s kai\
a)pocura=tai to\ ge/neion, eu)pa/rufos d' e)sti\ kai\ ce/nos.
o( de\ *sikeliko\s
para/sito/s e)sti tri/tos.
ta\ de\ dou/lwn pro/swpa kwmika\ pa/ppos,
h(gemw\n qera/pwn, ka/tw trixi/as, qera/pwn ou)=los, qera/pwn *mai/swn,
qera/pwn *te/ttic, h(gemw\n e)pi/seistos.
o( me\n pa/ppos mo/nos tw=n qera
po/ntwn polio/s e)sti, kai\ dhloi= a)peleu/qeron.
o( d' h(gemw\n qera/pwn
spei=ran e)/xei trixw=n purrw=n, a)nate/tatai ta\s o)fru=s, suna/gei to\ e)pisku/
nion, toiou=tos e)n toi=s dou/lois oi(=os o( e)n toi=s e)leuqe/rois presbu/ths
h(gemw/n.
o( de\ ka/tw trixi/as a)nafalanti/as e)sti\ kai\ purro/qric,
e)phrme/nos ta\s o)fru=s.
o( d' ou)=los qera/pwn dhloi= me\n ta\s tri/xas,
ei)si\ de\ purrai\ w(/sper kai\ to\ xrw=ma: kai\ a)nafalanti/as e)sti\ kai\ dia/
strofos th\n o)/yin.
o( de\ *mai/swn qera/pwn falakro\s purro/s e)stin.
o( de\ qera/pwn *te/ttic falakro\s me/las, du/o h)\ tri/a bostru/xia
me/lana e)pikei/menos, kai\ o(/moia e)n tw=| genei/w|, dia/strofos th\n
o)/yin.
o( d' e)pi/seistos h(gemw\n e)oi/koi a)\n tw=| h(gemo/ni qera/ponti plh\n
peri\ ta\s tri/xas.
ta\ de\ gunaikw=n pro/swpa ei)/h toiau=ta:
gra/|dion i)sxno\n h)\ lukai/nion, grau=s paxei=a, gra/|dion oi)kouro\n h)\
oi)ketiko\n h)\ o)cu/.
to\ me\n lukai/nion u(po/mhkes: r(uti/des leptai\ kai\
puknai/: leuko/n, u(/pwxron, streblo\n to\ o)/mma.
h( de\ paxei=a grau=s
paxei/as e)/xei ta\s r(uti/das e)n eu)sarki/a| kai\ taini/dion ta\s tri/xas
perilamba/non.
to\ d' oi)kouro\n gra/|dion simo/n: e)n e(kate/ra| th=| siago/ni
a)na\ du/o e)/xei gomfi/ous.
ne/wn de\ gunaikw=n pro/swpa lektikh/,
ou)/lh, ko/rh, yeudoko/rh, e(te/ra yeudoko/rh, spartopo/lios lektikh/,
pallakh/, e(tairiko\n te/leion, e(tairi/dion w(rai=on, dia/xrusos e(tai/ra,
dia/mitros e(tai/ra, lampa/dion, a)/bra peri/kouros, qerapaini/dion
para/yhston.
h( me\n lektikh\ peri/komos: h(suxh=| pareyhsme/nai ai( tri/xes,
o)rqai\ o)fru/es, xro/a leukh/.
h( d' ou)/lh lektikh=s th=| trixw/sei par
alla/ttei.
h( de\ ko/rh dia/krisin e)/xei pareyhsme/nwn tw=n trixw=n,
kai\ o)fru=s o)rqa\s melai/nas, kai\ leuko/thta u(/pwxron e)n th=| xroia=|.
h( de\ yeudoko/rh leukote/ra th\n xroia/n, kai\ peri\ to\ bre/gma de/detai
ta\s tri/xas, kai\ e)/oike neoga/mw|.
h( d' e(te/ra yeudoko/rh diaginw/sketai
mo/nw| tw=| a)diakri/tw| th=s ko/mhs.
h( de\ spartopo/lios lektikh\ dhloi=
tw=| o)no/mati th\n i)de/an, mhnu/ei d' e(tai/ran pepaume/nhn th=s te/xnhs.
h(
de\ pallakh\ tau/th| me\n e)/oike, peri/komos d' e)sti/n.
to\ de\ te/leion
e(tairiko\n th=s yeudoko/rhs e)sti\n e)ruqro/teron, kai\ bostru/xous e)/xei
peri\ ta\ w)=ta.
to\ d' e(tairi/dion a)kallw/pisto/n e)sti, tainidi/w| th\n ke
falh\n periesfigme/non.
h( de\ dia/xrusos e(tai/ra polu\n e)/xei to\n xruso\n
peri\ th=| ko/mh|.
h( de\ dia/mitros mi/tra| poiki/lh| th\n kefalh\n katei/
lhtai: to\ de\ lampa/dion i)de/a trixw=n ple/gmato/s e)stin ei)s o)cu\ a)po
lh/gontos, a)f' ou(= kai\ ke/klhtai.
h( d' a)/bra peri/kouros qerapai
ni/dio/n e)sti perikekarme/non, xitw=ni mo/nw| u(pezwsme/nw| leukw=| xrw/
menon.
to\ de\ para/yhston qerapaini/dion diake/kritai ta\s tri/xas,
u(po/simon d' e)sti\ kai\ douleu/ei e(tai/rais, u(pezwsme/non xitw=na kok
kobafh=.
*)ek d' a)stronomi/as o)no/mata a)stronomikh/, a)strono/mos, a)stro
nomei=n, a)stronomiko/s a)stronomikw=s a)stronomikw/tatos, metewro
logi/a, metewrolo/gos, metewrologiko/s metewrologikw=s, fusio
logi/a, fusiko/s fusikw=s, a)/strwn katano/hsis.
a)/stra, a)ste/res.
a)/strwn sta/seis, ei)/dh i)de/ai, sxh/mata.
a)ste/rwn dro/mos, peri/odos,
peridromh/, perifora/, periagwgh/, a)posta/seis, e)ggu/thtes, diasth/mata:
fw=s, e)/llamyis, e)/klamyis, au)gh/, ai)/glh, a)straph/, a)/stra a)planh=,
sta/sima, a)meta/qeta, a)ki/nhta, mo/nima, e(sthko/ta, biaio/teron
ga\r to\ a)fo/rhta: planw/mena kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
planhta/, forhta/, fero/mena, perifo/rhta, perifero/mena, fai
no/mena, periio/nta, qe/onta periqe/onta, strefo/mena, peristrefo/
mena, kuklou/mena, ei(lou/mena perieilou/mena, periago/mena.
kai\ ta\
a)p' au)tw=n pra/gmata monh/, sta/sis_ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn fau
lo/tera_kai\ pla/nh, fora/ perifora/, o(do/s peri/odos, dro/mos peri
dromh/, strofh/ peristrofh/, ku/klos ku/klwsis, ei(/lhsis periei/lhsis,
periagwgh/.
h(li/ou me/tra, selh/nhs sxh/mata: mhnoeidh/s, a)mfi/kurtos,
dixo/tomos, panse/lhnos.
a)natolh/ a)noxh/, du/sis dusmh/, e(spe/ra,
a)/rktos, meshmbri/a.
a)nate/llein, a)ni/sxein, a)ne/xein, a)nala/mpein,
a)nabai/nein, a)nafai/nein profai/nesqai, du/ein du/esqai katadu/esqai,
ka/tw r(e/pein, katakli/nesqai a)pokli/nein, meshmbria/zein, u(pe\r kefalh=s
e(sta/nai: to\ ga\r mesouranei=n *ai)gupti/wn.
*(/omhros d' au)to\ semnw=s
le/gei
(d
h)=mos d' h)e/lios me/son ou)rano\n a)mfibebh/kei.
le/gois d' a)\n kai\ kli/nontos ei)s ta\ meshmbrina\ tou= qeou=, kai\ tou=
a)/strou meshmbria/zontos, tou= a)/strou perifle/gontos, tou= a)e/ros u(po\
mesou=san th\n h(me/ran perize/ontos.
ou)rano/s, ko/smos.
ku/klos, zw=nai,
zw=|a ta\ e)n tw=| ku/klw|, a(\ oi( polloi\ zw/|dia kalou=sin, a)f' w(=n kai\
zw|diako\n ku/klon kai/ pou kai\ zw/nhn e)/mpuron dia/puron, flogw/dh,
periflegh=, peripeflegme/nhn, h(\n kai\ diakekaume/nhn o)noma/
zousin.
th\n de\ kateyugme/nhn a)\n ei)/pois kruw/dh krumw/dh, yuxra/n,
skiera/n kata/skion, a)/puron, a)nh/lion.
*pleia/das, *(ua/das, *)wri/wna,
a)/rktous, a)rktou=ron, o)/fin, o)fiou=xon, e)n go/nasin, ste/fanon, qumia
th/rion, a)ste/ra *sei/rion, kai\ ta\ poluqru/lhta e)n tw=| ku/klw| zw/|dia,
kaq' w(=n oi( a)ste/res peripoleu/ontai, a)ste/res komh=tai pwgwni/ai,
doki/des, lampa/des, bo/qunoi, galaci/as ku/klos, i)=ris, ne/fh, a)stra
pai/, brontai/, skhptoi/, stro/biloi.
tau=ta ga\r pa/nta kai\ o( peri\
tou/twn lo/gos a)stronomi/a| a)\n prosh/koi.
*)/ek ge mh\n gewmetri/as gewme/trhs, gewmetrikh/ gewmetrei=n,
gewmetriko/s gewmetrikw=s, gewmetrikw/tata.
gh=s a)name/trhsis, nomh/,
klh=ros, klhrouxi/a, diai/resis, dianomh/.
dia/gramma, shmei=on, grammh\
eu)qei=a, e)pifa/neia, e)pi/pedos, gwni/a, eu)qu/grammos, ka/qetos,
periferh/s.
sxh/mata eu)qu/gramma, polu/gwna tri/gwna tetra/
gwna, i)so/pleura, e(teromh/kh, a)mblei=a, gwni/a, o)cei=a.
o)rqh/,
o)/rqion sxh=ma, ku/klos, e)pi/pedon, ke/ntron, dia/metros, h(miku/klion,
eu)qu/gramma, sxh=ma tri/pleuron tetra/pleuron polu/pleuron.
tri/
gwnon i)soskele/s e(teroskele/s skalhno/n, o)rqogw/nion a)mblugw/nion
o)cugw/nion.
stereometri/a, pleurai/, i)so/mhkes tetra/gwnon, pro/mhkes
e(tero/mhkes, ba/qos e)/xon, a)baqe/s.
ei)kosa/edron kai\ o(/sa toiau=ta.
i)/son i)/sw|, i)sou=n a)nisou=n, i)sa/kis, i)sosta/sion.
sfai=ra, polugw/nion,
po/los, gnw/mwn, r(o/mbos, stroggu/lon, perifere/s, r(omboeide/s.
du
na/meis, di/pous tri/pous tetra/pous, a)/xri th=s e(ptakaideka/podo/s fhsin
o( *pla/twn
(eu)qu/, kampu/lon.
trape/zia,
para/llhloi eu)qei=ai, para\ ta\ me/rh, a)nalogi/a, ta\ pro\s a)ci/an.
*)ek d' a)riqmhtikh=s a)riqmo/s, a)riqmei=n diariqmei=n e)pariqmei=n
parariqmei=n, katariqmei=n katariqmei=sqai, sunariqmei=n.
i)sa/riqma,
e)na/riqma, a)nari/qmhta, a)nh/riqma a)necari/qmhta.
e)cariqmei=sqai,
a)nhriqmhsa/mhn, e)cariqmh/somai diariqmh/somai, diariqmhqe/n.
a)riq
mhtiko/s a)riqmhtikw=s, a)riqmhtikw/tatos.
a)riqmo\s a)/rtios, peritto/s,
a)rtiope/rissos, perissa/rtios, a)rtia/kis a)/rtios.
logismo/s, logi/
zesqai, logistiko/s logistikw=s logistikw/tatos, sullogi/zesqai sul
logismo/s, e)pilogi/zesqai, a)nalogismo/s a)nalogi/zesqai.
plh=qos, pam
plhqe/s poluplhqe/s, i)soplhqi/a, poluplhqi/a w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(?
)
kai\ *(uperei/dhs
(? pa/mpolla pa/mpolu, pa/nsmikron
w(s *pla/twn
(pollaxo/qen, pantaxo/qen, pa/ntoqen:
*)aristofa/nhs
(polla\ de\ ta\
a)po\ tou/twn e)k to/pou kai\ ei)s to/pon kai\ e)n to/pw| sxh/mata.
o)li
go/ths, o)li/gon, e)la/xiston, o)li/giston, ple/on plei=on, pleio/nws, plei/ous,
pleona/zein, pleisthria/zein, e)/latton e)la/ttwn, e)lattona/kis.
pol
lapla/sion pollaplasi/wn, pollaplasio/nws pollaplasi/ws, pol
laplasia/zein.
pleonasmo/s.
a)mu/qhta.
i)/son i)/sw|, i)sa/kis, a)pisou=n, i)so/
ths, i)/swsis.
tetra/gwnos a)riqmo/s, tetragwni/zein.
e(teromh/khs a)riq
mo/s, te/leios a)riqmo/s, mona/s, dua\s kai\ ta\ e)fech=s.
dipla/sios di
plasi/wn, diplasia/zein, kai\ o(moi/ws e)pi\ tw=n e)fech=s a)riqmw=n:
diplasiasmo\n d' *)antifw=n
(h(mio/lios, e)pi/
tritos e)po/gdoos, kai\ o(/sa toiau=ta, h(/misu, h(misute/tarton.
dia
te/mnein to\n a)riqmo/n, di/xa te/mnein, di/xa dialamba/nein, diairei=n, dia
xwri/zein, diakri/nein, diameri/zein.
pollosthmo/rion, trithmo/rion, te
tarthmo/rion, pempthmo/rion w(s oi( peri\ to\n *pla/twna
(
e(kth/moroi d' oi( pela/tai para\ toi=s *)attikoi=s
(
a)pe/ranton.
pro/sqesis a)riqmou=, a)fai/resis.
a)/tomos a)riqmo/s.
di/s,
deka/kis dwdeka/kis muria/kis kai\ ta\ o(/moia.
muri/andros, murio
fo/ros w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
muriagwgh=sai.
kai\ to\ di/draxmoi o(pli=tai kai\ triakonta/draxmoi
puroi/, kai\ para\ *kriti/a|
(
*)ek de\ metrhtikh=s metrei=n, a)pometrei=n a)pometrei=sqai, e)pi
metrei=n e)pimetrei=sqai, prometrei=n e)kmetrei=n parametrei=n, metrh
tikw=s.
gewmetri/a, gewmetriko/n.
a)/metron e)/kmetron, su/mmetron
a)su/mmetron, me/trhsis kai\ w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(?
) th=| metrh/sei.
me/
tron, metrio/ths, metrhto/n, memetrhme/nhn diamemetrhme/nhn
h(me/ran, diemetrou=nto to\n si=ton, metria/zein.
kai\ prometrhta\s *(upe
rei/dhs
(
prometrhto/n.
kai\ metrhtiko\n *dei/narxos
(
di/metron
tri/metron e)pi/metron, summemetrhme/nws, kai\ summetri/as *)antifw=n
(
(
trhton *)antifw=n
(
(kai\ tou\s me\n pollou\s a)me/trous *cenofw=n
(
anab iii 2. 16
vii 820 cme/
trwn d' o)no/mata me/dimnos h(mime/dimnos, xoi=nic trixoi/nikon penta
xoi/nikon, kapi/qh w(s *cenofw=n
(
(h( d' a)/ddic me/tron tetraxoi/nikon, ma/ris d' e(cako/tulon, ko
tu/lh de\ to\ tri/ton th=s xoi/nikos.
o( de\ me/dimnos xoi/nikes o)ktw\ kai\
tessara/konta, o( d' h(mime/dimnos te/ssares kai\ ei)/kosin, o( de\ triteu\s
e(kkai/deka, e(kteu\s d' o)ktw/, h(mi/ekton te/ttares.
ou) mo/non d' h( ko
tu/lh u(grw=n h)=n kai\ chrw=n me/tron, w(s pollaxo/qen h( kwmw|di/a
u(podhloi=, a)lla\ kai\ ko/finos me/tron *boiw/tion a)/mfw metrou=n:
*stra/ttis gou=n fhsi\n e)n tw=| *kinhsi/a|
(
ta\ d' a)/lfiq' u(mi=n pw=s e)pw/loun;_tetta/rwn
draxmw=n ma/lista to\n ko/finon._ti/ le/geis; me/trw|
e)xrw=nto kofi/nw|;_h)\ ....
tou=t' au)/q' o(/ti
oi)/nou ko/finos, duna/menos trei=s xo/as %purrw=n
%tai=s kofi/nais tau)ta\ tau=ta duna/menos.
ku/pron de\ to\ ou(/tw kalou/menon me/tron eu(/rois a)\n par' *)alkai/w|
e)n deute/rw| melw=n
(
e)n tw=| prw/tw| tw=n i)a/mbwn
(kai\ kotu/lh, a)mforeu/s,
xoeu/s.
krousimetrei=n, kai\ parakrousixoi/nikos e)n th=| kwmw|di/a|
(
p 590. 1104 koi)soxeilh=, e)pixeilh=, e)pi/mesta: e)/sti
d' i)soxeilh= me\n ta\ plh/rh, e)pixeilh= de\ ta\ katwte/rw tou= xei/lous,
e)pi/mesta de\ ta\ u(pe/rplea.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n chrw=n me/trwn ta\ ou)k
a)peyhme/na: to\ d' a)poyw=n e)rgalei=on a)poma/ktra h)\ skuta/lh h)\ peri
strofi/s.
h(midee/s, h(miplh/rwton, h(mi/plewn, e)ndee/s: u(perdea= de\
ta\ li/an e)ndea=.
e)/sti de\ metrhtikh=s kai\ to\ me/ga smikro/n, pa/m
mega pa/mmikron, pa/mmhkes pro/mhkes u(pe/rmhkes, su/mmetron u(pe/r
metron, kai\ pa/lin e)/mplewn kata/plewn u(pe/rplewn, kai\ pou/s,
ph=xus, palaisth/, doxmh/, pugw/n, o)rguia/, kai\ o(/sa e)pi\ tw=n a)nqrw
pi/nwn melw=n e)sti\ proeirhme/na
(kai\ penta/poun kai\
e(ptakaideka/poun kai\ penta/phxu kai\ o(/sa toiau=ta, o(moi/ws de\
kanw\n kai\ sta/qmh.
*)apo\ de\ statikh=s sth=sai sth/sasqai, i(sta/nai i(/statai, sthsa/
menos, a)posth=sai a)posth/sasqai, susth=sai, a)ntisth/sasqai a)nti
sth=sai, eu)qu=nai, a)nelku/sai, tei=nai: toiou=ton ga/r e)sti to\ *(omhriko/n
*q
kai\ to/te dh\ xru/seia path\r e)ti/taine ta/lanta.
statiko/s statikw=s, stath/r, i)sosta/sion.
zuga/, truta/nh, pla/stig
ges, staqma/, ta/lanta, kanw/n, zugo/s, o(lkh/, kaqe/lkein, a)/gein_
*dhmosqe/nhs ga/r pou/ fhsin
(
kou/s"_baru/nein, r(e/pein r(oph/, baru/ths ba/ros, e)lafro/ths, kata
fe/rein a)nafe/rein, a)/xqos e)paxqe/s, kou=fon koufo/ths, o)/gkos, i)so/r
ropon i)sorro/pws i)sorropi/a, e(tero/rropon e(terorro/pws e(teror
ropi/a, a)nti/rropon: biazo/menos d' a)\n ei)/pois kai\ a)nti/qeton.
kli/nein
a)pokli/nein, katabarei=s ei)=nai ta\s pla/stiggas, e)piqei=nai tai=s pla/
stigcin, a)ntiqei=nai ta\ i(sta/mena.
kai\ shkw/mata w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
`271 blkai\ a)nash
kwqh=nai de\ le/goit' a)\n to\ prosqei=nai tw=| a)naferome/nw| ei)s th\n pro\s
to\ baru=non i)sorropi/an.
ta\ d' o)nomazo/mena staqmi/a e)sti\ staqma/, sta/
sima w)no/masen e)n *(ui\+ *khfiso/dwros o( kwmiko/s
(
stath=ra d' oi( th=s kwmw|di/as poihtai\ th\n li/tran le/gousin: th\n me\n
ga\r li/tran ei)rh/kasin oi( *sikelikoi\ kwmw|doi/
(
kellan de\ pentasta/thron *swsikra/ths e)n *parakataqh/kh|
(
th\n penta/litron.
o( de\ xrusou=s stath\r du/o h)=ge draxma\s *)attika/s,
to\ de\ ta/lanton trei=s xrusou=s.
kai\ mh\n oi(/ ge *dwriei=s poihtai\ th\n
li/tran pote\ me\n no/misma/ ti lepto\n le/gousin, oi(=on o(/tan *sw/frwn
e)n toi=s gunaikei/ois mi/mois
(
kai\ pa/lin e)n toi=s a)ndrei/ois
(
li/tras du/namai," pote\ de\ staqmo/n tina, w(s *deinolo/xos e)n *mhdei/a|
(
te/lhs d' e)n me\n *)akraganti/nwn politei/a|
(
e)zhmiou=nto penth/konta li/tras, e)pa/gei "h( de\ li/tra du/natai o)bolo\n
*ai)ginai=on," e)n d' *(imerai/wn politei/a|
(
*sikeliw=tai tou\s me\n du/o xalkou=s diza=nta kalou=si, to\n d' e(/na ou)gki/an,
tou\s de\ trei=s tria=nta, tou\s d' e(\c h(mi/litron, to\n d' o)bolo\n li/tran,
to\n de\ *kori/nqion stath=ra deka/litron, o(/per de/ka o)bolou\s du/natai.
e)/nioi de\ kai\ tw=n *)aqh/nhsi kwmw|dou/ntwn tw=n ne/wn, oi(=on *filh/mwn
e)n *sikelikw=|
(
`8 kokai\ e(/bdomon d' h(mita/lanton kai\
tri/ton h(mita/lanton kai\ ta\ toiau=ta statikh=| a)\n prosh/koi, w(/sper kai\
h( krewsta/qmh.
*koina\ d' e)sti\ gewmetri/a| a)riqmhtikh=| metrhtikh=| statikh=|, th=| me\n
e)/latton th=| de\ ma=llon prosh/konta, prw=ton me\n au)to\ to\ ma=llon
kai\ to\ h(=tton, e)/peita nomh/ dianomh/ nei=mai, xwri/sai xwrismo/s,
diakri=nai dia/krisis, dielei=n diai/resis, moi=ra mo/rion, me/ros meri/s, me
risto/s, meri/zein merisa/menos memerisme/na e)meri/sw, merista/s, a)nti
moirei= i)somoirei=, a)/moiros, dimoiri/a dimoiri/ths, a)me/riston, trith
mo/rion moirologxh=sai w(s *)antifw=n
(da/sasqai, dasmo/s,
dathta/s.
*)apo\ d' i)atrikh=s i)atro/s i)atrei/a, i)/asis, i)a/sasqai e)cia/sasqai,
i)w/menos, i)a/simos a)ni/atos, i)a/mata: kai\ o( misqo\s i)atrei=a, kai\
to\ e)rgasth/rion i)atrei=on.
qerapeu/ein, qerapei/a.
a)ke/sasqai e)ca
ke/sasqai, a)kesth/s, a)kh/mata w(s *(/omhros
(
fa/rmaka, kai\ e)cakou/menos.
e)pime/leia, komidh/, noshlei/a, nosh
leu=sai e)knoshleu=sai, nosokomh=sai, nosotrofi/a.
a)rrwstei=n,
a)rrw/sthma, a)rrwsti/a: u(gi/eia, u(giai/nein, u(gih/s.
di/aita, diai/thsis.
ta/xa d' a)\n i)atrw=| prosh/koi kai\ kri/simos h(me/ra: *me/nandros
(
`890 ko
kri/simos ga\r au(/th gi/netai.
tomh/, temei=n e)ktemei=n.
e)mprh=sai, kau=sis, kau=sai.
farmakei/a, far
makoposi/a: to\ de\ farma/cai a)mfi/bolon w(/sper o( farmakeu/s, kai\ h(
farmaki\s e)pi\ tw=n blapto/ntwn ma=llon a)kou/etai.
plh/rwsis ke/nwsis,
plhrw=sai kenw=sai, i)/sxein i)sxai/nein.
sth=sai r(eu=ma, e)pisxei=n,
prokale/sasqai e)kkale/sasqai, e)pispa/sasqai, e)felku/sasqai.
to\ de\
kenw=sai dia\ kaqa/rsews kai\ e)cinw=sai le/gousin, kai\ e)cinwme/non h( kw
mw|di/a
(
i)nw=n ferome/nhs th=s xolh=s: to\n d' au)to\n kai\ u(perinwme/non fasi\
kai\ u(pe/rinon.
kateuqu=nai to\ e)kxwrh=san a)/rqron h)pi/ws, pra/ws.
paiw/nia fa/rmaka, a)lecifa/rmaka, a)lechth/ria, luth/ria, e)lath/ria ta\
kenou=nta, i)/sxaima.
sxa/sai fle/ba, lu=sai fle/ba, dielei=n sa/rka,
diatemei=n sa/rka, a)mu/cai sa/rka, a)noi=cai sa/rka, e)pigra/yai.
e)ce
lei=n o)stou=n, e)carqrw=sai, a)poteqrausme/non parateqrausme/non, ce/
sai o)stou=n, a)poce/sai, kollh=sai, kola/sai, to\ a)noidai=non sustei=lai.
pa/sai fa/rmaka, e)piqei=nai fa/rmaka, e)pipa/sai.
kaqa=rai to\ r(erupw
me/non.
kai\ di/aita de\ kai\ diaith=sai i)atriko\n e)/rgon, kai\ katantlei=n
kai\ katabre/xein kai\ kataiona=n, kai\ ai)o/nhsis kai\ kataio/nhsis, kai\
katapla/sai kai\ e)pipla/sai, kai\ e)nalei=yai kai\ e)pigra/yai.
*)aristo
fa/nhs d' e)n tw=| *gh/rai fhsi/n
(
o)fqalmia/sas pe/rusin ei)=t' e)/sxon kakw=s
ka)/peiq' u(paleifo/menos par' i)atrw=|
ei)pei=n d' e)/sti kai\ to\ pu=on, puw=des, mucw=des u(gro/n, melitw=des,
ai(matw=des.
kai\ e)rgalei=a me\n i)atrw=n smi/lh, yali/s, tomeu/s, w)toglufi/s,
mh/lh, u(pografi/s, belo/nh, custh/r, o)dontoce/sths, o)donta/gra, eu)di/aion.
kai\ mhlw=sai to\ th\n mh/lhn kaqei=nai, o(/qen kai\ *fru/nixos o( kwmi
ko/s
(
e)/mei katamhlw=n: fle/gmatos ga\r ei)= ple/ws.
h)= pou de\ kai\ desma/, kai\ telamw=nes kai\ mo/ta kai\ motw=sai kai\
mo/twsis kai\ motwqei/s.
kai\ par' *)aristofa/nei
(
e)pi/desma, kai\ kata/plasma e)n *ghruta/dh|
(
to\ e)pi/desmon.
kai\ telamw=na d' a)\n ei)/pois sindoni/thn, kai\ fa/rmakon
kataplasto\n kata\ *)aristofa/nhn
(
plasqe\n
(?
) ei)/rhken: to\ ga\r periapto\n a)lecifa/rmakon.
kai\ podo
stra/bh d' h( ta\ stre/mmata kateuqu/nousa e)n th=| kwmw|di/a| e)rgalei=on
i)atriko/n.
kai\ leka/nh, h(=s to\n puqme/na *)/alecis
(
pterni/da kalei=.
kai\ maxai/ria d' e)ka/loun oi( ne/oi kwmw|doi\
(
p 467. 327 ko
o(\ oi( nu=n katasxa/zein.
kai\ mh\n kai\ siku/a e(/n ti tw=n e)rgalei/wn,
w(s *kra/ths o( kwmiko/s
(
a)lla\ siku/an potibalw= soi kai)/ ka lh=|s a)posxa/sw.
kai\ khrwth\n d' a)\n ei)/pois e)pi\ tw=n i)atrikw=n, *)aristofa/nous
(
`1176
o)qo/nia, khrwth\n paraskeua/zetai.
e)n d' *)antifa/nous *traumati/a|
(
kw=n skeuw=n: kateskeuasme/nos
lampro/taton i)atrei=on eu)xa/lkois pa/nu
louthri/oisin, e)calei/ptrois, kulixni/si,
siku/aisin, u(poqe/toisin.
noshma/twn d' o)no/mata kefalalgi/a, kefalai/a, h(mikrai/ra,
ka/ros, karhbari/a, i)/liggos, skotodini/asis, kefalalge\s no/shma,
karhbariko/n, kefalalgei=n, karhbarei=n, e(teregkefala=n, i)liggia=n,
skotodinia=n.
o)fqalmi/a o)fqalmia=n.
ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ koilofqal
mia=n, ou)k i)/dion me\n gino/menon e)n o)fqalmoi=s no/shma, sumbai=non de\
koilai/nesqai tou\s o)fqalmou\s e)c a)/llou nosh/matos.
ou)d' u(datopwtw=n ou)de\ koilofqalmiw=n
fhsi\n o( *krati=nos
(
`77 koa)/rgemos, lh/mh lhma=n
glama=n, a)mbluw/ttein a)mbluwpi/a.
w)talgi/a, katea=xqai ta\ w)=ta,
kuyeli/dos ei)=nai e)/mplea, e(lkw=n, u(gro/thtos.
kata/rrous, ko/ruza
koruza=n, ptarmo/s pta/rnusqai.
stomalgi/a stomalgei=n, h(lkw=sqai
to\ sto/ma.
glwssalgi/a glwssalgei=n: le/goito ga\r a)\n kai\ e)pi\
tw=n kata\ glw=ttan e(lkw=n.
paroidai/nein ta\ pari/sqmia, stafulh
tomi/a.
bh/c, lu/c, bh/ttein, lu/ttein, e)f' w(=n to\ a)nakogxulia/sai.
e)/mpuos, u(po/puos.
u(/faimos a)/naimos, a)/nikmos, u(pe/rplews, e)caimw=n,
ai(mo/rroia, ai(mo/rrusis.
fri/kh, yugmo/s yu=cis, fri/c, fri/ttein,
e)yu=xqai kateyu=xqai, r(i=gos, h)pi/alos.
tou\s d' a)ei\ r(igw=ntas oi( pa
laioi\ r(igwsibi/ous e)/legon, ou(\s oi( nu=n dusri/gous.
*)aristofa/nhs d' e)n
*babulwni/ois
(pureto/s, flegmonh\
puretou=, katabolh/, peri/odos.
qe/rma kai\ pu=r *)aristofa/nhs
(
`690 ko
o( d' e)/xwn qe/rman kai\ pu=r h(=ken.
ei)=dos de\ puretou= kai\ kau=sos.
fu=sa, dia/rroia, a)/kratos dusente
ri/a.
kardiw/ttein, splhnia=n, liqia=n, peripneumonia=n.
nefri=tis,
pleuri=tis, e)phlusi/a.
kai\ straggouri/a w(s *)aristofa/nhs e)n *kwka/lw|
(a)po/stasis, u(/deros u(deria=n, o)/gkos, e)cwgkw=sqai u(pwgkw=
sqai u(perwgkw=sqai.
w)xro/s, w)xri/asis.
i)/kteros, i)kteria=n.
fqo/h,
fqi/sis, fqi/nein, th=cis, fqina\s no/sos, thkedw/n, e)ktethke/nai, e)cerri
nh=sqai katerrinh=sqai.
o)stou= qrau=sis, kla/sis.
o)stou=n katea=xqai,
suntetri=fqai.
a)/rqron e)kxwrh=sai, a)/rqron paraiwrei=sqai.
phro/s,
ph/rwsis, pephrw=sqai.
xwlo/s, xwlei/a, a)pokexwlw=sqai.
*eu)/polis
(
o(/ti xwlo/s e)sti th\n e(te/ran xei=r' eu)= sfo/dra.
ou(= to\ e)nanti/on e)pi\ podo\s *)aristofa/nhs
(
ti/ deu=ro po/da su\ kullo\n a)na\ ku/klon kuklei=s;
to\n o)fqalmo\n e)kkeko/fqai, e)corwru/xqai, kekenw=sqai, a)pesbe/sqai
th\n glh/nhn.
th\n klei=n kateage/nai.
trau/mata traumati/as,
tetrw=sqai: kai\ "traumatisqeisw=n tw=n new=n" e)k metafora=s fhsi *qou
kudi/dhs
(e)pipolh=s
tetrw=sqai, dia\ ba/qous, diampa/c, diampere/s.
kai/rion trau=ma, kairi/a
plhgh/, su=rigc, e(/lkos, w)teilh/, ou)lh/.
poda/gra, podagra=n, pod
algi/a podalgei=n, kai\ a)nh\r podalgh/s.
ta/xa d' a)\n toi=s i)atrikoi=s
prosh/koi to\ a)lgei=n, a)lgeino/n e)palge/s, o)duna=sqai o)dunhro/n e)pw/
dunon, a)f' ou(= kai\ o)dunh/fata fa/rmaka *(/omhros
(kai\
sfu/zein kai\ sfakeli/zein sfada/|zein kai\ sfakelismo/s, sfada|s
mo/s, kai\ o(/sa a)/lla u(po\ tw=n i)atrw=n w)no/mastai.
nosh/mata e)/cwqen e)pifaino/mena toi=s sw/masi flegmonh/,
oi)/dhma, e)kfu/shma, sklh/rwma.
e(/lkos, kaqaro\n e(/lkos, a)po/sthma.
a)ka/qarton e(/lkos, e)sxa/ra, diefqoro\s e(/lkos, e)felki/s.
kalei=tai de\
kai\ kro/twn.
melithra\ u(grasi/a.
e)laiw/dhs, o(/tan e(/lkos h)=| peri\ ta\
neu=ra.
kalei=tai de\ kai\ r(eu=ma u(/dwr, o(/ e)stin u(datw/dhs i)xw/r, o(/tan
h)/dh ta\ e(/lkh kaqai/rhtai.
doqih\n fu=ma perifere/s, a)po/sthma mi
kro/n, puw=des kata\ th\n tomh/n.
te/rminqos fu=ma flu/ktainan e)/xon.
fu/getron fu=ma peri\ boubw=na meta\ puretou=.
flukti\s flu/ktaina
e)pimh/khs, ma/lista peri\ boubw=nas kai\ masxa/las.
u(po/nomon e(/lkos,
o(\ kai\ ba/qos e)/xei kai\ ko/lpous.
u(persarkou=n e(/lkos.
a)frw=des e(/lkos,
w(=| e)panqei= leuko/ths tis h)\ melani/a.
tu/lwsis, o(/tan sklhro\n h)=| kai\
leuko/teron h)\ u(pope/lidnon to\ e(/lkos.
mudw\n sa\rc somfh/.
su=rigc
e(/lkos steno\n pro/mhkes, e)/swqen me\n mucw/dei sarki\ e)/cwqen de\ tu
lw/dei kateilhme/non.
a)/nqrac e)sxa/ra u(pope/lidnos h)\ leukh\ h)\
u(/pwxros, flu/ktainan e)/xousa kai\ e)ru/qhma kai\ a)lghdo/na su/ntonon.
terhdw\n o)stw=n fqora\ a)profa/sistos, ma/lista peri\ th\n kefalh/n.
a)xw\r e(/lkos peri\ ta\ tetrixwme/na, ou(= to\ u(gro\n fqei/rei ta\s tri/xas.
pituri/asis e)oiko/s ti pitu/rois: suni/statai d' o(/pou tri/xes.
a)lw
peki/a yi/lwsis trixw=n a)profa/sistos, ma/lista peri\ th\n kefalh/n.
o)/fis yi/lwsis trixw=n perilamba/nousa th\n kefalh\n stefa/nou di/khn,
ma/lista d' e)pi\ paidi/wn, e)/sq' o(/te kai\ ta\ o)/mmata fqei/rousa.
a)lfo\s me/las e)pidromh\ skiw/dhs e)pipo/laios eu)i/atos: a)lfo\s leuko\s
leuko/ths e)pitre/xousa th=| e)pidermati/di au)xmhra\ dusi/atos.
leu/kh,
o(/tan e)pitei/nh| h( leuko/ths kai\ fu/sh| tri/xwsin leukh/n: ei) de\ kenth/
seias, u(/faimos, dusi/atos, e)/stin o(/te u(pe/ruqros.
e)panqei= d' au)to\
toi=s xei/lesin oi(=on a(lo\s a)/xnh.
leixh\n a)/grios, traxu/s, dusi/atos,
a)nw/malos.
le/pra leixh=nes traxei=s, polloi/, e(lkw/deis, lepidwtoi/,
u(po/purroi h)\ u(pe/ruqroi h)\ u(po/leukoi, dusi/atoi: fqei/rousi de\ kai\
tou\s o)/nuxas.
yw/ra e(lkw/dhs, u(pe/ruqros, e)canqh/seis e)/xousa e)n au(th=|.
yudra/kia puw/dh e)canqh/mata, au)to/mata, e(lkw/dh e)n e)pifanei/a|.
u(pe/ruqron r(eu=ma, dusw/dhs dia/qesis, u(grasi/an a)fiei=sa.
e)/fhlis
pa/qos e)n prosw/pw|, u(pope/lidnos e)pidromh/, a)fani/zousa to\ kata\
fu/sin xrw=ma.
i)/onqoi a)nqh/mata yudraki/ois e)oiko/ta peri\ tw=| prosw/pw|,
shmei=on a)kmh=s, yudra/kia mikra/, flu/ktainai u(po/puoi.
fako\s o(/moio/n
ti tw=| o)spri/w|, suggene\s h)\ e)pigene/s.
qu/mos u(pe/ruqros e)/kfusis,
traxei=a, e)/naimos, dusafai/retos, ma/lista peri\ ai)doi=a kai\ daktu/lion
kai\ paramh/ria, e)/sti d' o(/te kai\ e)n prosw/pw|.
a)kroxordw\n a)po\ me\n
th=s r(i/zhs lepth\ e)/kfusis, peri\ de\ to\ a)/kron paxunome/nh, ma/lista e)pi\
paidi/wn.
murmhki/a e)/kfusis sterea\ kai\ traxei=a, tulw/dhs, e)/naimos,
peri\ ta\ a)/kra kai\ ta\ e)/sw th=s xeiro/s.
h(=los sustrofh\ tulw/dhs
periferh\s u(/pwxros, h(loeidh/s o(/ti a)/nwqen me\n eu)ru/netai, peri\ de\ th\n
sa/rka a)postenou=tai, ma/lista peri\ ta\ i)/xnh.
xeirw/nion e(/lkos xro/nion,
dusou/lwton, xei/lh sklhra/, tulw/dhs sa/rc, u(pope/lidnos, e)n knh/mais
kai\ posi/n.
lepi\s toi=s e)n pedi/w| e(/lkesin o(moi/a th=| qalatti/a| e)pi
ph/gnutai, h(\n dei= th=s qerapei/as proafelei=n.
kirso\s h)\ krico\s oi)/dhma
flebw=n peri\ knh/mas, podo\s pedi/on, e)piga/strion, mhrou/s, o)/sxeon:
kalei=tai de\ kai\ i)ci/a a)po\ tw=n e)n tai=s pi/tusi th=s pi/tths o(moi/wn
sustrofw=n, a)f' w(=n kai\ o( i)co/s.
a)gku/lh sklhro/ths tulw/dhs e)n
a)/rqrois, ma/lista e)n daktu/lois xeirw=n kata\ to\ e)nto/s: e)pika/mptei de\
tou\s daktu/lous, gi/netai d' e)/stin o(/te kai\ peri\ a)gkw=nas kai\ go/nata.
e)pinukti\s flu/ktaina u(pope/lidnos u(/fugros e)/naimos, peri\ knh/mas kai\
po/das e)n nukti\ ginome/nh.
gaggli/on a)po/sthma a)/ponon, u(po\ leukw=|
kai\ neurw/dei xitw=ni: e)/nesti d' au)tw=| u(gro\n a)qerw=des h)\ tri/xia h)\
e(lmi/nqia, gi/netai de\ peri\ a)/rqra kai\ kefalh/n.
melikhri\s a)po/sthma
e)/xon melitw=des u(gro/n, e)n a)gkw=si kai\ go/nasi, polla/kis de\ kai\ e)n a)/l
lois a)/rqrois kai\ peri\ sto/mati.
xa/laza sustrofai\ boubwnoeidei=s
u(po\ tw=| de/rmati, kata\ ku/amon *ai)gu/ption, e)palgei=s prosayame/nw|.
karki/nwma sklh/rwma meta\ flegmonh=s e)palge/s, e)/stin o(/te e(lkou/menon,
u(pe/ruqron h)\ pelidno/n: sumpefu/kasi d' au)tw=| w(s to\ polu\ fle/bes h)\
tri/xes: ai(morragou=n, a)qera/peuton.
krupto\n karki/nwma, o(/tan mh\ h)=|
u(perfane/s, ta\ d' a)/lla o(/moion.
xhlai\ h)\ fu/sigges r(aga/des pternw=n
podw=n ai)doi/ou.
parouli\s ou)/lwn a)po/stasis, e)pouli\s u(po\ to\n sw
fronisth=ra e)pi/fusis.
u(poglwtti\s a)po/stasis u(po\ glw/tth|.
au)=on
a)po/stasis peri\ th\n e)/kfusin tou= stoma/xou, kata\ to\ a)/nw th=s fa/
ruggos me/ros, knhsmw/dhs pri\n r(agh=nai.
suna/gxh flegmonh\ peri\
e)piglwssi/da kai\ fa/rugga su/ntonos o)dunhra/: kuna/gxh pnigmo\s u(po\
nu/kta gino/menos e)penexqe/ntos e)pi\ bro/gxon u(grou= paxe/os kai\ gli/
sxrou, ma/lista e)pi\ paidi/wn.
a)gxo/nh puw/dhs a)po/stasis metacu\ e)pi
glwtti/dos kai\ r(i/zhs glw/tths.
pari/sqmia flegmonh\ peri\ ta\ mh=la
kai\ e(/lkwsis kai\ a)po/stasis.
a)/fqa e(/lkwsis e)pipolh=s leukai/nousa
glw=ttan h)\ pari/sqmia h)\ ki/ona h)\ fa/rugga, e)/sq' o(/te me/ntoi kai\ me
lai/nousa: pleona/zei d' e)pi\ paidi/wn.
stafulh\ peri\ to\n ki/ona mhku
nome/nh kai\ w)xriw=sa, r(agi\ paraplh/sios.
su=kon sa\rc e(lkw/sei e)panqou=sa,
a)/nwqen platunome/nh, e)pi/ponos, boubw=nas e)gei/rousa.
thnesmo\s ba
ru/ths kai\ flegmonh\ a)noidai/nontos tou= daktuli/ou, mucw/dh u(gra\ h)\
ai(matw/dh katafe/rousa: poiei= de\ kai\ dusouri/an.
khri/on peri\ tw=|
sth/qei h)\ toi=s nw/tois a)po/sthma flegmai=non, polu/stomon, a)fie\n meli
tw=des u(gro/n, e)/xon e)n tw=| ba/qei sa/rka u(/pwxron diefqarme/nhn.
xoi
ra/des peri\ siago/si kai\ traxh/lw| kai\ masxa/lais kai\ boubw=sin, a)de/sin
e)oikui=ai flegmonai/, ei)s pu=on trepo/menai.
xi/metla gi/netai me\n
u(po\ kru/ous e)pi\ daktu/lois kai\ i)/xnesi podw=n kai\ xersi/, ma/lista e)pi\
paidi/wn, e(lkw/deis flegmonai/.
e)rusi/pelas mw/lwy e)ruqro\s e)pi/ponos
e)/mpuros, e)/sq' o(/te kai\ fluktainw/dhs.
i(drw=a e)canqh/mata qerina/.
boubw\n peri\ boubw=nas oi)/dhma meta\ flegmonh=s.
ai(morroi\+s gi/netai
me\n kata\ th\n e(/dran e)nto/s, e)/sti d' o(moi/a mo/rois w)moi=s: polla/kis
de\ kai\ u(peroxh=s a)/neu gi/netai r(aga\s ai(morragou=sa.
tuflh\ ai(mor
roi\+s oi)/dhma lei=on e)ruqro/n, e)nto\s th=s e(/dras, ou(/tw klhqe\n e)pei\ e)/sq'
o(/te ou)x ai(morroei=.
kondu/lwma peri\ th\n stefa/nhn tou= daktuli/ou
eu)i/aton oi)/dhma.
sukai= peri\ th\n e(/dran kondulw/mata mega/la, ou)k
e)pi/pona.
e)nterokh/lh o)li/sqhma e)nte/rou ei)s to\n o)/sxeon, ei)s o)/gkon
ai)ro/menon: u(drokh/lh peri\ qate/rw| tw=n didu/mwn u(datw/dhs sullogh/,
metacu\ tou= deute/rou kai\ teta/rtou u(me/nos: pwrokh/lh pw/rwma peri\
to\n o)/sxeon e)c a)posth/matos, sarkokh/lh skirw/dhs kai\ paxei=a e)p' o)sxe/w|
dia/qesis.
stea/twma pimelh=s pararroh\ u(po\ tw=| de/rmati.
loimw/dh
e(/lkh peri\ ta\ pari/sqmia kai\ th\n stafulh/n.
e)sxa/rwsis nomh\ du/sxrous,
ei)s th\n fa/rugga kai\ th\n a)rthri/an kai\ to\n sto/maxon kataferome/nh
meta\ tou= a)noidai/nein to\n tra/xhlon.
perigrafh\ peri/ ti me/ros tou=
sw/matos steno/ths a)/ponos, me/laina u(pe/ruqros h)\ pelidnh/, yilh\ h)\
tetrixwme/nh.
pw=luy sa\rc r(ini\ e)pifuome/nh, mucw=des u(gro\n a)fiei=sa,
e)pifra/ttousa th\n a)napnoh/n.
o)/zaina e(/lkwsis e)n tw=| ba/qei tw=n mukth/
rwn me/xri tw=n kaloume/nwn h(qmoeidw=n sarkw=n, puw=des kai\ dusw=des
u(gro\n a)fiei=sa, th\n ai)/sqhsin e)mpodi/zousa.
drako/ntion e)k tw=n peri\
knh/mais kai\ mhroi=s e(lkw=n e)kpi=pto/n ti neurw=des e)fqarme/non, spani/ws
me\n toi=s a)/llois e)pigino/menon, *ai)qi/oyi d' e)noxlou=n.
ke/rata e)n tw=|
to/pw| tw=n kera/twn peri\ to\ me/twpon pwrw/deis e)kfu/seis peri\ to\
de/rma.
e(/rphn yudra/kia flegmai/nonta kai\ nu/ttonta, ma/lista peri\
traxh/lw| kai\ pleurai=s nemo/mena, e)/sq' o(/te de\ kai\ peri\ xersi\ kai\ po
dw=n i)/xnesin.
e(rphstiko\n e(/lkos e)noxlei= me\n presbutw=n knh/mais kai\
posi/n, e)/sq' o(/te de\ kai\ mhroi=s kai\ xersi/n: e)/sti d' u(pope/lidnon kai\
ne/metai kai\ flegmai/nei.
fage/daina e(/lkwsis a)/xri tw=n o)stw=n diadi
dou=sa taxei/a| nomh=| meta\ flegmonh=s, i)xw=ras dusw/deis a)fiei=sa kai\
pro\s qa/naton r(e/pousa.
qhri/wma gi/netai me\n e(/lkos peri\ a)ndrw=|a
ai)doi=a, e)/sti d' o(/te kai\ peri\ daktu/lous kai\ a)llaxou=, ai(=ma polu\ kai\
me/lan kai\ dusw=des a)fie/n, meta\ melani/as th\n sa/rka e)sqi/on.
shpedw\n
e(/lkous nomh\ leukou= u(pw/xrou dusw/dous: ma/lista d' e)noxlei= tw=|
sto/mati, w(s e)/sq' o(/te kai\ tou\s o)do/ntas kai\ ta\ o)sta= a)fista/nai, gi/
netai de\ kai\ e)pi\ mhrw=n kai\ a)/llwn merw=n.
ga/ggraina: ou(/tw ka
lei=tai tw=n melw=n to\ nekrou/menon su\n e(/lkei h)\ xwri\s e(/lkous, meta\
flegmonh=s kai\ e)ruqh/matos a)poleukaino/menon, ei)=ta melaino/menon kai\
ei)s a)naisqhsi/an meqista/menon.
mai=a, maiei/a, mai/eusis: kai\ maieutikh\ h( te/xnh kai\ h(
gunh/, kai\ to\ r(h=ma maieu/ein kai\ maieu/esqai, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma
maieutikw=s.
a)mbli/skousi de\ to\ a)mbli/skein poiou=si fhsi\n o( *pla/
twn
(a)mblwqri/dion fa/rmakon, tiktiko\n fa/rmakon.
w)kuto/kion, a)to/kion.
loxeu/ein e)kloxeu/ein: loxei/a h( tou= tekei=n
e)pime/leia.
"didou=sai farma/kia ai( mai=ai tai=s dustokou/sais" o( *pla/
twn
(
eu)tokou=sa, kui/+skein kui/+skesqai, w)di/nein, ti/ktein.
prwtoto/koi
gunai=kes, prwto/tokoi pai=des, kai\ prwto/gonoi o(moi/ws: a)/tokoi de\
kai\ a)/gonoi kai\ a)/loxoi w(s *pla/twn
(
fai kai\ stei=rai.
o)mfalhtomi/a, e)mbruotomi/a, kai\ to\ e)rgalei=on
o)mfalisth/r.
*)iou/lios *poludeu/khs *kommo/dw| *kai/sari xai/rein ...
e)pei\ de\ kai\
kunhgesi/wn soi prosh/kei me/lein, o(/ti tou)pith/deuma h(rwiko/n te kai\
basiliko/n, kai\ pro\s eu)swmati/an a(/ma kai\ pro\s eu)yuxi/an a)skei=, kai\
e)/stin ei)rhnikh=s te karteri/as a(/ma kai\ polemikh=s to/lmhs mele/thma,
pro\s a)ndrei/an fe/ron, r(wmale/on t' ei)=nai gumna/zei kai\ podw/kh
kai\ i(ppiko\n kai\ a)gxi/noun kai\ filergo/n, ei) me/llei kaqairh/sein kai\
ta\ a)nqista/mena a)lkh=| kai\ ta\ u(pofeu/gonta ta/xei kai\ ta\ a)pospw=nta
a)f' i(/ppou kai\ ta\ suneta\ sofi/a| kai\ ta\ lanqa/nonta e)pinoi/a| kai\ ta\
krupto/mena xro/nw|, kai\ nu/ktwr proagrupnw=n kai\ meq' h(me/ran e)pi
ponw=n, a)na/gkh ti kai\ peri\ qh/ras u(peipei=n ....
*qh/ra le/goit' a)\n kai\ a)/gra, kai\ kunhge/sion, qh=rai/ te kai\
a)/grai, kai\ kunhge/sia, kai\ qhreuth\s kai\ a)greuth\s kai\ kunhge/ths:
o( de\ tou/tw| sumpra/ttwn sugkunhge/ths, su/nqhros, o(mo/qhros.
e)rei=s
d' e)pi\ tou= kunhge/tou zhthth\s qhri/wn, pole/mios qhri/wn, e)xqro/s
a)nti/palos, filo/qhros, a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ pra=gma filoqhri/a, filo
kunhge/ths, qhreutiko/s a)greutiko/s kunhgetiko/s, qhreutikw=s a)greuti
kw=s kunhgetikw=s.
qhra=n qhreu/ein, kunhgetei=n.
*cenofw=n
(
de\ kai\ qhra=sqai a)nti\ tou= qhra=n e)/fh, kai\ qhrw=ntai a)nti\ tou= qhrw=
sin: h(mei=s d' e)pi\ me\n tw=n a)ndrw=n to\ qhra=n, e)pi\ de\ tw=n qhri/wn
to\ qhra=sqai, w(/sper e)pi\ me\n tw=n a)ndrw=n i)xneu/ein kai\ a)nixneu/ein
kai\ i)xnhlatei=n, kai\ i)xneuth\s a)nh\r kai\ ku/wn, o(moi/ws de\ zhtei=n
a)nazhtei=n, e)cereuna=sqai, a)neuri/skein e)ceuri/skein suneceuri/skein,
tai=s kusi\n e)fei=nai, ta\s ku/nas e)pafei=nai, e)pisi/cai_ou(/tw ga\r
e)ka/loun to\ meta/ tinos a)sh/mou fwnh=s e)fei=nai_diw/kein, meta
qei=n, metie/nai, kunodromei=n, e)fe/pesqai kata\ po/das, e)pigi/nesqai
tai=s kusi/n, ai(rei=n, lamba/nein, titrw/skein, a)poktinnu/nai, zwgrei=n,
zw/ntwn kratei=n, e)pi\ de\ tw=n qhri/wn i)xneu/esqai, diw/kesqai, meta
qei=sqai zhtei=sqai a)nazhtei=sqai, eu(ri/skesqai a)neuri/skesqai e)ceuri/ske
sqai, u(pofeu/gein perifeu/gein, u(pa/gein, a)podidra/skein, ai(rei=sqai,
a(li/skesqai, lamba/nesqai, titrw/skesqai, a)pokti/nnusqai, zwgrei=sqai.
ei)/pois d' a)\n i)/xnos, i)xnhlasi/a, shmei=a podw=n, su/mbola e)ntetupwme/na
th=| gh=|, i)xneu/mata, i)xni/a, i)/xneusis: "kai\ th=s i)xneu/sews" fhsi\n o(
*cenofw=n
(i)/xnh o)rqa/, eu)qe/a sumpeplegme/na, eu)
nai=a dromai=a, o)ce/a.
o)/zei ta\ i)/xnh, a)po/zei, pnei= a)popnei=, a)po
fe/retai a)p' au)tw=n to\ pneu=ma.
a)/nosma: du/sosma de\ kai\ eu)/osma ou)
ta\ dusxere\s h)\ h(du\ a)popne/onta le/gousin, a)lla\ ta\ eu)ai/sqhta h)\
dusai/sqhta pneu/mata tw=n i)xnw=n.
qhri/a qhra/mata qhreu/mata,
qh/ra, a)/gra: ou) ga\r mo/non to\ e)/rgon a)lla\ kai\ to\ qhrw/menon
a)/gran kalou=sin.
a)f' w(=n kai\ eu)agri/a poluagri/a qhragri/a,
eu)qhri/a poluqhri/a, kai\ eu)/qhros a)/gra kai\ polu/qhros a)/gra, kai\
ta\ e)nanti/a dusagri/a a)nagri/a dusqhri/a a)qhri/a, kai\ du/sqhros kai\
"a)/qhros e)panh=lqen." e)/sti d' ei)pei=n kai\ e)/nqhros gh= kai\ e)/nqhros
i)/dh, kai\ u(/lh e)/nqhros kai\ polu/qhros, kai\ o(moi/ws o)/rh e)/nqhra kai\
polu/qhra kai\ qhrotro/fa kai\ qhrono/ma kai\ qhri/ois eu)/trofa kai\
qhri/wn kata/plea kai\ pa/lin a)/qhra kai\ a)/trofa.
h( de\ qeo\s a)gro
te/ra kai\ kunhge/tis kai\ filo/qhros, kai\ o)rei/a a)po\ tw=n o)rw=n, kai\
*)idai/a a)po\ th=s *)/idhs, kai\ *di/ktunna a)po\ tw=n diktu/wn, kai\ e(khbo/los
a)po\ tou= e(ka\s ta\ qhri/a ba/llein.
kai\ polla\ a)/lla o)no/mata
a)po\ qh/ras.
to/poi de\ tw=n qhri/wn e)n oi(=s a)neuri/sketai, i)=dai, u(=lai, na/pai,
o)/rh, a)/ntra, qa/mnoi, fwleoi/, e(/lh, o)rga/des, pedi/a, a)/rourai, i)leoi\
kuri/ws me\n e)pi\ tw=n o)/fewn kalou/menoi, w(/sper kai\ xeiai/, kata\ de\
kata/xrhsin kai\ e)pi\ tw=n a)/llwn qhri/wn.
kai\ e)/sti qhri/a ta\ me\n o)/reia
e)pi\ to\ plei=ston w(s oi( le/ontes, ta\ d' e(/leia w(s oi( su/es, ta\ de\
tai=s i)/dais te kai\ u(/lais xai/ronta w(s ai( parda/leis, o(/qen kai\ *(/omhros
(
h)u/te pa/rdalis ei)=si baqei/hs e)k culo/xoio,
ta\ de\ tai=s o)rga/sin w(s e)/lafoi, ta\ de\ toi=s qa/mnois w(s lagwoi/.
fwleu/ousi d' ai( a)/rktoi, kai\ h)\n e)/cw ne/mwntai, peri\ ta\ e)/gkarpa tw=n
de/ndrwn a(li/skontai.
kalei=tai de\ ta\ me\n tw=n leo/ntwn e)/kgona sku/mnoi, ta\ de\ tw=n
a)/rktwn a)rktu/loi, ta\ de\ tw=n e)la/fwn nebroi/, ta\ de\ tw=n a)lwpe/kwn
a)lwpekidei=s, ta\ de\ tw=n lu/kwn w(s ta\ tw=n kunw=n sku/lakes, i)di/ws
de\ ta\ tw=n lu/kwn lukidei=s, kai\ ta\ tw=n lagww=n lagidei=s kai\
lagi/dia, para\ *cenofw=nti
(e)f' w(=n
d' ou)/k e)/stin i)/dion o)/noma, ta\ tou/twn te/kna kalei=tai skula/kia h)\
skumni/a.
ta\ de\ pa/ntwn tw=n a)gri/wn te/kna o)bri/kala oi( poihtai\
(
le/goi d' a)/n tis e)p' au)tw=n ne/a neogna\ neogenh=, galaqhna/, neara/,
u(gromelh=, e)/teia au)toeth=.
kai\ to\ me\n tou= le/ontos de/rma leonth= kalei=tai kai\ dora\
le/ontos, h( de\ th=s parda/lews pardalh=, h( de\ th=s a)/rktou a)rkth=, kai\
a)lwpekh= h( th=s a)lw/pekos, kai\ lukh= h( tou= lu/kou, kai\ mosxh= h( tou=
mo/sxou, w(s *)anacandri/dhs
(
a)rkth= leonth= pardalh= mosxh= kunh=
h( de\ th=s e)la/fou nebri/s, w(s h( th=s ai)go\s ai)gi/s, kai\ tou= proba/tou
kw/|dion.
kai\ sunergoi\ me\n kunhge/tou ku/nes, i(/ppoi, kunagwgo/s, i(p
pagwgo/s, diktuagwgo/s, lino/pths o( ta\ e)mpi/ptonta a)poskopou/
menos.
kai\ h( tw=n kunw=n a)gwgh\ kunhge/sion kalei=tai kai\ e)/sti
tw=| e)/rgw| o(mw/numon.
i)xneuth/s, a)rkuwro/s, skopiwrou/menos.
skeuh\ de\ kunhge/tou xitw\n eu)stalh\s e)/stai, pro\s th\n i)gnu/an
kaqh/kwn, ou) leuko\s ou)de\ kat' a)/llhn eu)/xroian prola/mpwn, w(s
mh\ po/rrwqen kaqorw=|to toi=s qhri/ois: kai\ xlamu\s o(moi/a, h(\n dei=
th=| xeiri\ th=| laia=| perieli/ttein, o(po/te metaqe/oi ta\ qhri/a h)\ prosma/
xoito tou/tois, kai\ skuta/lh h)\ r(o/palon, kai\ u(podh/mata koi=la, e)s
me/shn th\n knh/mhn a)nh/konta, desmw=| a)kribei= periestalme/na.
ei)/h de\
ne/os, kou=fos, e)lafro/s, dromiko/s, o)cu/s, filergo/s, e)qelourgo/s,
filo/ponos, filoki/ndunos, a)gwnisth/s, qarsale/os, a)/grupnos, mh\
proapoka/mnwn, mh\ proapagoreu/wn, mh\ pri\n e(lei=n e)ndidou/s.
ta\
de\ pro\s kunhge/sion e)rgalei=a ci/fh, dre/pana, a)ko/ntia, to/ca, pro
bo/lia, a)/rkues, e)no/dia, di/ktua, kunou=xos, sxali/des, sta/likes, sxali
dw/mata, poda/grai, a(rpedo/nai.
ci/fh me\n w(s o(po/te sumpe/soi qhri/w|
e)/xein a)mu/nasqai, dre/pana d' o(/pws, ei) de/oi th=s u(/lhs ko/yai ei)s th\n
tw=n a)rku/wn a)kw/luton sta/sin, u(pa/rxoi ta\ dre/pana.
e)pi\ tau)ta\ de\
kai\ a)ci/nas paraskeuaste/on, ei) kai\ pre/mna ko/yai de/oi, to/cois de\
kai\ a)konti/ois xrw=|nt' a)\n e)pi\ ta\s e)la/fous kai\ a(\ po/rrwqen e)/sti
balei=n, proboli/ois d' e)pi\ tou\s su=s kai\ ta\ a)/lla ta\ a)gxe/maxa qhri/a.
kai\ ta\ me\n a)ko/ntia e)/stai meli/as h)\ o)cu/as, stifra/, eu)pagh=, ai( de\
lo/gxai au)tw=n eu)platei=s kai\ curh/keis: ta\ de\ probo/lia e)/stw me\n
kranei/as, sterea\ de\ kai\ doratopaxh=, fhsi\n o( *cenofw=n
(th=s de\ lo/gxhs
to\ me\n peri\ tw=| cu/lw| kalei=tai au)lo/s, ou(= to\ me\n e)/cwqen peri/metros
to\ d' e)/ndoqen toi=xos, to\ de\ meta\ to\n au)lo\n koi=lon o)beli/skos:
o(/qen de\ platu/netai, pte/ruges ai( e(kate/rwqen probolai/.
to\ d' a)/kron
glw=tta le/getai, h( th=s lo/gxhs a)kmh/: kai\ dei= tw=n pteru/gwn
e(kate/ran platunome/nhn kai\ paxute/ran ou)=san a)poleptu/nesqai/ te kai\
a)postenou=sqai, kata\ mikro\n u(polh/gousan, a)/xri pro\s th\n glw=ttan.
e)stomw=sqai d' ou) mo/non th\n a)kmh\n a)lla\ kai\ ta\s pte/rugas xrh/
simon.
pro\s me\n ou)=n ta\ a)/lla qhri/a ou(/tw dei= pareskeua/sqai to\
probo/lion: pro\s de\ tou\s su=s kata\ to\ tou= au)lou= te/los pro\ tw=n
pteru/gwn knw/dontas a)mfote/rwqen e)xe/tw tw=| au)lw=| sugkexalkeu
me/nous sidh/rou stereou=, e(kate/rwqen probeblhme/nous, w(s mh\ prow
qw=n au(to\n u(po\ qumou= kai\ me/nous kai\ to/lmhs o( su=s a)fi/koito dia\
tou= do/ratos ei)s to\n a)/nqrwpon, a)lla\ kai\ oi( knw/dontes i(sta/ntes
au)tou= th\n o(rmh\n e)mpodw\n th=| r(u/mh| ge/nointo ei)s to\ pro/sw mh\
proxwrei=n.
ta\ me\n ou)=n a)ko/ntia e)nhgkulh=sqai dei= dia\ th\n a)/fesin,
ta\ de\ probo/lia dia\ th\n e)k xeiro\s xrei/an ou) dei=tai a)gku/lhs.
xrh=sis de\ tou= proboli/ou: proba\s to\n po/da to\n a)ristero/n, kai\ to\n
decio\n u(poba\s w(s ei)=nai to\ me/tron th=s diaba/sews o(/son e)n pa/lh|,
th\n prou/xousan pleura\n o)cei=an e)xe/tw kata\ to\n po/da, kai\ th\n
xei=ra th\n u(pe\r au)to\n u(pti/an a)nteilhmme/nhn me/shn tou= proboli/ou
proteino/menos, th=| decia=| a)ntestramme/nh| tou= do/ratos e)gkratw=s a)n
texe/sqw.
kai\ th=| me\n a)ristera=| to\n si/dhron a)peuqune/tw pro\s to\
th=s plhgh=s kai/rion: h( de\ decia\ kata\ th\n e(auth=s i)sxu\n e)pwqei/tw
to\ probo/lion.
o( d' o)fqalmo\s kata\ to\ qhri/on o)cu\s teta/sqw.
ka)\n
me\n su=s h)=| to\ qhri/on, stoxaze/sqw tis h)\ kata\ to\ meso/fruon h)\ kata\
th\n w)mopla/thn w)=sai to\ probo/lion: a)/mfw ga\r kai/ria.
ei) de\ kai\
tw=n genu/wn kaqi/koito, h(=tton a)\n xrw=|to toi=s xaulio/dousin: o( de\
phdw=ntos suo\s u(poqh/sei spasa/menos th\n ma/xairan.
fula/ttesqai
de\ xrh\ mh\ to\ probo/lion o( su=s e)kkrou/sh| th=| te th=s kefalh=s e)kneu/sei
biai/a| kai\ th=| pro\s to\n si/dhron plhgh=| sfodra=| kai\ th=| r(u/mh| tou=
a(/lmatos: ei) ga\r tou=to ge/noito, o(mou= a)\n tw=| a)nqrw/pw| gi/noito, kai\
dei= kei=sqai prhnh=, th=s u(/lhs a)pri\c a)nteilhmme/non: ou) ga\r a)\n du/
naito xrh=sqai toi=s xaulio/dousi dia\ th\n simo/thta, ou)de\ to\ sw=ma
u(poba/llein, a)lla\ periba\s patei=, ai( de\ qh/leiai kai\ da/knousin.
ei)
d' e(te/rw| qhri/w| prosfe/roito o( kunhge/ths, mh\ diabaine/tw me\n toi=n
podoi=n e)pi\ tosou=ton, a)ll' o)rqo\s ma=llon a)nesthke/tw, dio/ti ta\ qhri/a
tau=ta, oi(=on parda/leis kai\ le/ontes, dro/mw| me/xri tou= kunhge/tou
xrw/mena plhsia/santa phda=|, stoxa/zesqai de\ xrh\ tou= sth/qous kai\
kardi/as: au(/th ga\r e)pi\ tou/twn h( plhgh\ kai/rios.
a)/rkues de\ kai\ di/ktua kai\ e)no/dia, to\ me\n li/non au)tw=n *ai)
gu/ption h)\ *fasianiko\n h)\ *karxhdo/nion h)\ *sardiano\n ei)=nai dei=.
*(hro/
dotos
(
*sardoniko\n kalei=sqai le/gei: kai\ du/natai kai\ to\ a)po\ *sardou=s, a)f'
h(=s i)/sws kai\ to\ *karxhdo/nion e)/ndoco/n e)stin w(s a)po\ th=s e(spe/ras
komizo/menon.
pa/nta me\n ou)=n ta\ qhreutika\ ple/gmata di/ktua ka
loi=t' a)/n, *ferekra/ths
(
parallagh\ tw=n o)noma/twn e)n th=| xrh/sei th=| qhreutikh=| di/ktua me\n
kalei= ta\ e)n toi=s o(male/si kai\ i)sope/dois i(sta/mena, e)no/dia de\ ta\ e)n
tai=s o(doi=s.
ai( d' a)/rkues tou/twn me\n e)la/ttous ei)si\ toi=s mege/qesi,
kekrufa/lw| d' e)oi/kasi kata\ to\ sxh=ma, ei)s o)cu\ katalh/gousai.
dei=
d' au)ta\s ei)=nai kata\ to\n tou= *cenofw=ntos lo/gon
(
neali/nous, e)k triw=n to/nwn sumpeplegme/nas.
o( de\ to/nos kai\ kw=
lon kalei=tai: pe/plektai d' e)k li/nwn o( to/nos triw=n.
th=s d' a)/rkuos
to\ me/n ti kalei=tai bro/xos: e)/sti d' o( bro/xos to\ sunexe\s e)n toi=s
diktu/ois tetra/gwnon dia/sthma, sunesthko\s e)k tetta/rwn a(mma/twn, o(\
teinome/nhs th=s a)/rkuos gi/netai r(omboeide/s, di' ou(= th\n kefalh\n diwqei=
ta\ qhri/a w(s diekpesou/mena, kai\ peri\ au)to\ e)nsxeqe/nta a(li/sketai: o( de\
peri/dromo/s e)sti th=s a)/rkuos sxoini/on e(kate/rwqen, dia\ tw=n a)/nw te
kai\ ka/tw teleutai/wn bro/xwn dieiro/menon, w(=| sune/lketai/ te ta\
di/ktua kai\ pa/lin a)nalu/etai.
dei= de\ tou\s peridro/mous a)namma/tous
ei)=nai, fhsi\n o( *cenofw=n
(
lontai de\ toi=s diktu/ois a)po\ strofi/wn.
h)/dh de/ tines tou\s au)tou\s
tou/tous e)pidro/mous w)no/masan: oi( de\ du/' o)/ntwn to\n me\n e)k tou=
ka/tw peri/dromon, e)pi/dromon de\ to\n a)/nwqen.
e)/sti de/ ti a)/rkuos
me/ros kai\ a)krwle/nia, o(/per e)sti\ ta\ pe/rata tw=n a)rku/wn, a(\ oi( me\n
kra/speda oi( de\ pteru/gia w)no/masan.
kai\ mh\n toi=s e)nodi/ois prosono
ma/zontai/ tines mastoi/, ku/klw| e)k li/nwn ple/gmata toi=s a)krwleni/ois
prospeplegme/na, toi=s de\ diktu/ois daktu/lioi, kata\ tau)ta\ me\n toi=s
mastoi=s to\ sxh=ma e)/xontes, kri/koi d' au)toi=s sidh/rou pro/seisin w(s
e)pi\ mei/zosin ou)=si toi=s diktu/ois, o(/qen kai\ *cenofw=n
(
toi=s me\n e)nodi/ois para\ ta\s a)/rkus kw=lon e(/n, o(\ kalei=tai to/nos,
prosti/qhsi, toi=s de\ diktu/ois para\ ta\ e)no/dia/ fhsi dei=n plei/w to/non
prosti/qesqai, poiw=n ta\ me\n e)no/dia dwdeka/lina ta\ de\ di/ktua e(k
kaideka/lina, e)kei/nwn o)/ntwn e)nneali/nwn.
a)na/logon de\ kai\ to\ me/
geqos e)k th=s prosqh/khs e)pau/cei.
tou/tois de\ kai\ sardo/nes pros
ple/kontai, o(/per e)sti\n w)/|a tou= diktu/ou, meta\ to\n teleutai=on bro/xon
a)ne/xousa to\ di/ktuon, u(pe\r h(\n o( peri/dromos h)\ e)pi/dromos tai=s sxa
li/si kata\ to\ di/kroun e)/pestin.
kekru/falos d' a)/rkuos h( koilo/ths,
korufai=on de\ to\ steno\n to\ th=s a)/rkuo/s e)stin, o(/ tines kai\ koru
fisth=ra w)no/masan.
kunou=xos d' e)sti\ de/rma mo/sxeion, ei)s o(\ e)nti/
qetai to\ di/ktuon, tw=| sxh/mati pepoihme/non w(/sper ta\ su/spasta ba
la/ntia.
sta/likes de\ kai\ sxali/des kai\ sxalidw/mata cu/la o)rqa/, e)c
a)/krou ditta/, i(sta/mena me\n kata\ th=s gh=s, toi=s de\ di/krois a)ne/xonta
tou\s tw=n diktu/wn bro/xous te kai\ peridro/mous.
a)ni/sous d' ei)=nai
dei= ta/sde ta\s sth/riggas, o(/pws pro\s ta\ u(yhla\ kai\ koi=la tw=n xw
ri/wn kata\ th\n xrei/an o( a)rkuwro\s a(rmosa/menos a)pisw/sh| th=| tou/twn
a)niso/thti tw=n diktu/wn th\n sta/sin, h(\ kalei=tai a)rkustasi/a.
kaqi/
stantai d' ai( sxali/des pla/giai, ma=llon ei)s a)llh/las prosneu/ousai.
h( de\ poda/gra i(/statai me\n e)la/fois kai\ susi\n e)/stin o(/te, kaloi=to
d' a)\n kai\ podostra/bh.
ku/klos d' e)sti\ smilaki/nou cu/lou, kai\ o( ku/klos
stefa/nh kalei=tai.
katei/lhptai d' h(/lois sidhroi=s kai\ culi/nois pa
ralla\c e(kate/rois, kai\ plo/kanon e)n me/sw| pe/plektai, w(s path=san
to\ qhri/on fero/meno/n q' w(/sper% a)nastre/yai te th\n podostra/bhn
kai\ e)nsxeqh=nai sterew=| bro/xw| kata\ te/xnhn e)p' au)to\ tou=to pepoih
me/nw|.
e)nti/qetai d' h( podostra/bh o)ru/gmati, kai\ a)po\ tou= peri\ th=|
stefa/nh| bro/xou seira/ tis e)kte/tatai, h(\n kai\ seiri/da kai\ a(rpedo/nhn
kalou=sin.
ple/gma d' e)sti\n e)k spa/rtou stereo\n h( seiri/s, kai\ tau/ths
a)ph/rthtai cu/lon e)n a)/llw| plhsi/on o)/nti o)ru/gmati katakei/menon, o(/pws,
e)a\n to\ qhri/on e)piba\n a)nastre/yh| te th\n podostra/bhn e)f' e(auto\
kai\ e)nsxeqh=| tw=| bro/xw|, th\n a(rpedo/nhn kai\ to\ cu/lon e)felko/menon
e)mpodi/zhtai pro\s to\n dro/mon, ma/lista ei) tw=n prosqi/wn tis au)tou=
podw=n e)nsxeqei/h.
kai\ tw=| me\n kunhge/th| metaqei=n u(pa/rcei kata\ to\n
o(lko\n to\n tou= cu/lou, r(a=|on me\n ei) kata\ gh=s malakh=s e)pisu/roito:
h( de\ traxute/ra kai\ au)th\ to\ shmei=on e)ndi/dwsi tw=| qhri/w|, metie/nai
kata\ ta\ a)posu/rmata tou= cu/lou.
e)/sq' o(/te de\ kai\ au)to\ to\ cu/lon
e)nsxeqe\n u(/lhs dasu/thti h)\ pe/tras a)niso/thti e)/sthse to\ qhri/on.
tw=|
d' o)ru/gmati xrh\ th=s sterea=s gh=s kai/ tinos po/as h)\ fu/llwn e)pi
fe/rein, th\n de\ neara\n gh=n e)k tou= o)ru/gmatos a)pofe/rein o(/ti por
rwta/tw, tou= mh\ th=s ne/on kekinhme/nhs gh=s to\ qhri/on o)sfraino/menon
duswpei=sqai.
kai\ h(/de me\n h( paraskeuh\ meq' h(=s to\n kunhge/thn dei= parei=nai:
i(sta/tw de\ ta\ di/ktua e)n pa=si to/pois, o(doi=s trimmoi=s drumw=si e(/lesi
pedi/ois o)/resin u(/dasin u(/lais na/pais, i(/na u(popteu/ei du/nasqai to\
qhri/on eu(reqh=nai diasth/mata katalipw\n pro\s ta\s diadroma/s, a(\ ka
lei=tai para/droma.
e)xe/tw de\ kai\ a)/lla mikra\ di/ktua, ei) kai\ ta\
diasth/mata prosapofra/cai de/oi: tau=ta de\ ta\ di/ktua tw=n kunh
getikw=n tine\s e)mbo/lia keklh/kasin w(/sper e)mballo/mena th=| tw=n pro
te/rwn sta/sei.
fai/hs d' a)\n sth/sasqai ta\s a)/rkus, e)nsth/sasqai peristh/sasqai,
peribalei=n peribale/sqai, peripeta/sai, periqei=nai, peritei=nai e)pi
tei=nai, o)rqw=sai, stoixi/sai peristoixi/sai peristoixi/sasqai.
ka
lei=tai d' au)tw=n h( sta/sis stoi=xos kai\ sto/xos kai\ stoxa\s kai\ sto
xasmo\s kai\ stoixismo/s.
stoxa\s de\ kalei=tai kai\ xeiropoi/hta/ tina
oi)kodomh/mata e)k li/qwn, h)\ u(/lhs u(pe\r th\n gh=n a)nasth/mata, kata\
xrei/an th=s tw=n diktu/wn e)c i)/sou sta/sews, ei)/ ti koi=lon ei)/h peri\ to\
a)rku/staton.
*so/lwn de\ kai\ stoixa/das tina\s e)la/as e)ka/lese, tai=s
mori/ais a)ntitiqei/s, i)/sws ta\s kata\ stoi=xon pefuteume/nas.
gennai=ai ku/nes *la/kainai, *)arka/des, *)argoli/des, *lokri/des,
*keltikai/, *)ibhrikai/, *kari=nai, *krh=ssai, *molottikai/, *)eretrikai/, *(urka
nai/, *)indikai/.
oi( de\ ku/nes oi( *yullikoi\ kalou/menoi a)po\ po/lews
*)axai+kh=s a)rxai/as ke/klhntai, w(/sper oi( *)elumai=oi a)po\ e)/qnous metacu\
*ba/ktrwn kai\ *(urkani/as keime/nou.
*kasto/riai de\ kai\ *menelai/+des kai\
*(armo/dioi a)po\ tw=n qreya/ntwn w)noma/sqhsan.
le/gousi de\ ta\s me\n
*lakai/nas e)c a)lwpe/kwn to\ a)rxai=on kai\ kunw=n genome/nas klhqh=nai
a)lwpeki/das, ta\s d' *(urkana\s e)k kunw=n kai\ leo/ntwn, kai\ klhqh=nai
leontomigei=s.
*)aristote/lhs
(
ka\s kuno\s kai\ ti/gridos le/gei tri/thn genea/n: ta\s ga\r prote/ras
du/o zw=|a gi/nesqai qhriw/dh.
*ni/kandros d' o( *kolofw/nios
(
tou\s *)indikou\s ku/nas a)pogo/nous ei)=nai/ fhsi tw=n *)aktai/onos kunw=n,
ai(\ meta\ th\n lu/ttan swfronh/sasai, diaba=sai to\n *eu)fra/thn e)planh/
qhsan ei)s *)indou/s: w(/sper kai\ ta\s *xaoni/das kai\ *molotti/das a)po
go/nous ei)=nai/ fhsi kuno/s, o(\n *(/hfaistos e)k xalkou= *dhmonhsi/ou
xalkeusa/menos, yuxh\n e)nqei/s, dw=ron e)/dwke *dii\ ka)kei=nos *eu)rw/ph|,
au(/th de\ *mi/nw| kai\ *mi/nws *pro/kridi kai\ *pro/kris *kefa/lw|.
fu/sin
d' ei)=xen a)/fuktos ei)=nai, w(/sper h( *teumhssi/a a)lw/phc a)/lhptos: kai\
dia\ tou=to a)peliqw/qhsan a)/mfw, o( me\n i(/na mh\ la/bh| th\n a)/lhpton
a)lw/peka, h( d' i(/na mh\ fu/gh| to\n a)/fukton ku/na.
ai( de\ *kastori/des
*ka/storos qre/mmata, *)apo/llwnos to\ dw=ron: tau/tas d' o( au)to\s ou(=tos
poihth\s ei)=nai ta\s a)lwpeki/das le/gei, micame/nou to\ ge/nos a)lw/peki
*ka/storos.
ai( d' *)eretrikai/, kai\ tau/tas *)apo/llwn e)/dwken: tou\s de\
labo/ntas kai\ qre/yantas tou\s *eu)ruti/das fhsi\n ei)=nai.
kai\ mh\n
ta/s ge *menelai/+das ta\s au)ta\s ei)=nai/ fhsi tai=s *yullikai=s, du/' a)del
fw=n kunw=n e)kei=qen u(po\ *mene/lew peri\ th\n *)argolikh\n trafeisw=n.
peri\ de\ *kurh/nhn e)k lu/kwn kai\ kunw=n gi/nesqai/ ti ge/nos *)aristote/lhs
(tw=n de/ ge *krhtikw=n kunw=n oi(
me\n dia/ponoi oi( de\ pa/rippoi kalou=ntai, dia/ponoi me\n ou(/s fasi kai\
ta\s nu/ktas tai=s h(me/rais e)n tai=s pro\s ta\ qhri/a ma/xais e)pilamba/nein,
kai\ polla/kis pareunasqe/ntas toi=s qhri/ois meq' h(me/ran a)/rxesqai th=s
ma/xhs: oi( de\ pa/rippoi toi=s i(/ppois sunqe/ousin, ou)/te proqe/ontes
ou)/te mh\n a)poleipo/menoi.
oi( de\ kunamolgoi\ ku/nes ei)si\ peri\ ta\ e(/lh
ta\ meshmbrina/, ga/la de\ bow=n poiou=ntai th\n trofh/n, kai\ tou\s e)pio/ntas
tou= qe/rous tw=| e)/qnei bou=s *)indikou\s katagwni/zontai, w(s i(storei= *kth
si/as
(
ku/nes d' e)/ndocoi o( *pu/rrou tou= *)hpeirw/tou, o(\s e)kboh/
santos me\n e)k tw=n u(/pnwn au)tou= periba\s e)fu/latte to\n *pu/rron, a)po
qano/ntos de\ kaiome/nou tou= nekrou= e)nh/lato ei)s th\n pura/n.
oi( d'
*(hsio/dou paramei/nantes au)tw=| a)naireqe/nti kath/legcan u(lakh=| tou\s
foneu/santas.
o( d' *)ikari/ou ku/wn kai\ e)/deice th=| qugatri\ to\n *)ikari/ou
nekro/n: kai\ ei) xrh/ ti pisteu/ein toi=s poihtai=s, ou(=to/s e)stin o( *sei/rios.
e)/ndocos de\ kai\ o( *)hpeirwtiko\s *ke/rberos, kai\ o( *)aleca/ndrou *peri/
tas, to\ qre/mma to\ *)indiko/n: e)kra/tei d' ou(=tos le/ontos, e(kato\n mnw=n
e)wnhme/nos, kai\ a)poqano/nti au)tw=| po/lin fhsi\ *qeo/pompos
(
`334le/gousi de\ tou\s gennaiote/rous tw=n
*)indikw=n a)/llo me\n qhri/on a)paciou=n metaqei=n, le/onti d' w(s a)cioma/xw|
prosagwni/zesqai mo/nw|, e)/xesqai/ t' o)da\c e)mfu/ntas, w(/ste ka)\n a(lw=| to\
qhri/on, polla\ pra/gmata tou\s kunhgou\s e)/xein w(s a)pospa/sai tou=
qhri/ou tou\s ku/nas.
to\n d' *)ale/candron e)pi\ pei/ra| labo/nta para\
*swpei/qous toiou/tous ku/nas e)n *)indoi=s, polla\ qhri/wn ei)/dh para
balei=n tini\ tw=n kunw=n: to\n d' e)ktaqe/nta kata\ gh=s a)tremei=n w(s
ou)de\n pro\s au)to\n ou)=san th\n qh/ran th\n a)/timon.
le/ontos de\ pro
ofqe/ntos e)canasth=nai, gnwri/santa to\n o)/nta a)/cion a)ntagwnisth/n.
ka)peidh\ sumplakei\s kath/qlhse to\ qhri/on, o( me\n e)ndakw\n ei)/xeto,
maxai/ra| de/ tis a)pe/koye to\n po/da tou= kuno/s, kai\ o(\s ou)d' u(po\ th\n
a)lghdo/na th=s tomh=s h)ne/sxeto lu=sai to\ dh=gma, a)lla\ qumw=| to\ drw/
menon h)gno/ei.
para\ de\ *pw/rou tw=| basilei= doqei\s dw=ron ku/wn du/o
leo/ntwn le/getai krath=sai.
h( d' e)pi\ *)/argw| tw=| *)odussei/w| kuni\ par'
*(omh/rw|
(r h)=n de\ kai\ *)alkibia/dh| ku/wn
e)/ndocos, e(bdomh/konta mnw=n w)/nios, to\ ka/llos qaumasto/s: ou(= th\n
ou)ra\n a)felw/n, pro\s to\n memfo/menon o(/ti tw=| ka/llei tou= kuno\s e)lu
mh/nato, e)cepi/thdes e)/fh to\ zw=|on a)krwthria/sai, i(/na tou=to kai\ mhde\n
a)/llo *)aqhnai=oi u(pe\r au)tou= le/gwsin.
e)/ndocos de\ kai\ h( *)atala/nths
ku/wn, *au)/ra tou)/noma, h(\n o( *kaludw/nios su=s a)pe/kteinen: a)f' h(=s to\
*kuno\s sh=ma e)n *kaludw=ni.
kai\ e(/teron d' ou(/tw sh=ma e)n *(ellhspo/ntw|
keklh/kasin a)po\ e)ndo/cou kuno/s, ei) mh\ pisteu/omen o(/ti a)po\ *(eka/bhs
ei)s kuno\s morfh\n metabalou/shs ou(/tws w)noma/sqh.
o( de\ *ghruo/nou
ku/wn o( ta\s bou=s fula/ttwn a)delfo\s me\n h)=n tou= *)hpeirwtikou= *ker
be/rou, a)nh|re/qh d' u(f' *(hrakle/ous: to\ d' o)/noma au)tou= *gargh/ttios,
kai\ e)/xei mnh=ma e)n *)ibhri/a|.
gnw/rimos de\ kai\ *triaka\s h( *paionikh\
ku/wn: *dapa/nis d' au)th\n o( *paioni/as satra/phs dw=ron e)/dwken *)ale
ca/ndrw| tw=| basilei=.
ou) mh\n ou)d' o( *ma/gnhs ku/wn, to\ *(ippai/monos
kth=ma, o( *lh/qargos a)nw/numos, o(\s tw=| despo/th| sunte/qaptai, kaqa/per
mhnu/ei tou)pi/gramma
(
a)ndri\ me\n *(ippai/mwn o)/nom' h)=n, i(/ppw| de\ *po/dargos
kai\ kuni\ *lh/qargos kai\ qera/ponti *ba/bhs.
ta\ me\n dh\ tw=n *)aktai/onos kunw=n o)no/mata, kata\ th\n *ai)sxu/lou
(
kai\ *cenofw=nti tw=| *gru/llou gegenh=sqai/ fasin e)/ndocon ku/na, *(ip
poke/ntauron th\n proshgori/an.
kai\ mh\n *ma/gnhtas me\n tou\s e)pi\
*maia/ndrw| tre/fein fasi\ ku/nas pole/mwn u(paspista/s: toiou=toi d' h)=san
kai\ *pai/osin oi( su/nqhroi ku/nes.
e)/ndocon de\ kai\ *luka/da th\n *qet
talh\n *simwni/dhs
(
gramma e)pi\ tw=| ta/fw| th=s kuno/s:
h)= seu= kai\ fqime/nas leu/k' o)ste/a tw=|d' e)ni\ tu/mbw|
i)/skw e)/ti trome/ein qh=ras, a)/grwssa *luka/s.
ta\n d' a)reta\n oi)=den me/ga *ph/lion a(/ t' a)ri/dhlos
*)/ossa *kiqairw=no/s t' oi)ono/moi skopiai/.
kai\ ga\r h( *tegea=tis *)anu/th
(
w)/leo dh/ pote kai\ su\ polu/rrizon para\ qa/mnon,
*lo/kri, filofqo/ggwn w)kuta/th skula/kwn:
toi=on e)lafri/zonti tew=| e)gka/tqeto kw/lw|
i)o\n a)mei/likton poikilo/deiros e)/xis.
qhrate/on me\n toi/nun e)n panti\ kairw=|, peirate/on de\ th=s
kunw=n a)reth=s e)n kru/ei me\n ei) mh\ malakiou=si ta\s r(i=nas, e)n qe/rei
d' ei) fe/rousi to\n h(/lion kai\ sunia=si tw=n i)xnw=n, tou= h(li/ou to\ pneu=ma
to\ a)p' au)tw=n a)maurou=ntos, h)=ros d' ei) e)n plh/qei th=s a)po\ tw=n
a)nqe/wn a)porroh=s diakri/nousi ta\s o)sma/s.
th=s me\n ou)=n xeimerinh=s te
kai\ qerinh=s w(/ras o( h)rino\s kairo\s ei)s qh/ran e)pithdeio/teros w(s tou=
a)e/ros a)/meinon kekrame/nou, plh/n ge par' o(/son tai=s kri/sesi tw=n
i)xnw=n e)noxlei= ta\ a)/nqh: to\ de\ meto/pwron e)gguta/tw me/n e)sti th=|
kra/sei pro\s to\ e)/ar, ou)/te d' ai( a)po\ tw=n a)nqe/wn a)po/rroiai ou)/q' ai(
a)po\ tw=n h)/dh sugkekomisme/nwn karpw=n e)f' e(auta\s e(/lkousi ta\s r(i=nas
tw=n kunw=n.
dia\ me/ntoi xio/nos e)pifane/stera ta\ i)/xnh kai\ ou) duszh/
thtos, a)ll' eu)eu/retos o( lagw/s, kaqo/ti kai\ th=| dasu/thti tw=n u(po\
tou\s po/das au)tou= trixw=n o)/gkoi prosiza/nontes tou= dro/mou th\n
r(a|stw/nhn e)mpodi/zousin.
trofai\ me\n dh\ toi=s sku/laci meta\ to\ e)k tw=n mhte/rwn ga/la_
tou=to ga/r fhsin au)/cimon ei)=nai o( *cenofw=n
(
te kai\ to\ mhtrw=|on pneu=ma_a)lla\ meta\ tou=to/ ge ai(/mata zw/|wn
a(liskome/nwn, i(/na proseqi/zwntai th=| kunhgetikh=| trofh=|.
skulakei/a
d' h( me/n tis noei/sqw skula/kwn a)natrofh/, h( de\ skula/kwn ge/nesis.
%kai\ to\ skulakeu/ein ta\s ku/nas xrh=nai tou= xeimw=nos e)sti\n e)mpi
pla/nai skula/kwn kai\ o)xeu/ein%: prodiaponhqei=sai de/, ei)=ta a)na
pausa/menai kata\ kairo\n a)\n sundua/zointo, tw=| me\n po/nw| gege
nhme/nwn au)tai=s tw=n swma/twn eu)pagw=n, th=| d' a)napau/sei pro\s
i)sxu\n trafe/ntwn.
e)sqi/ein d' au)ta\s to/te dei= pro\s ko/ron, e)pei\ o(po/te
qhrw=|en to\ e)mpi/plasqai ou) pa/nu xrh/simon.
h( de\ tw=n skulakeuo
me/nwn trofh\ siti/a oi)/nw| dia/broxa.
ku/ousi de\ du/o mh=nas, kai\ ou)k
a)/n tis e)caga/goi ku/na e)pi\ qh/ran, o(po/t' e)pi/tec ei)/h kai\ e)pi/foros.
tw=| d' *)aristote/lous lo/gw|
(
du/o mh=nas ma/lista, kai\ ta\ tikto/mena pro\ dwdeka/ths h(me/ras ou)
ble/pei, h( d' h(me/ras du/o kai\ e(bdomh/konta, kai\ h( tw=n skulaki/wn
o)/yis proqesmi/an e)/xei teta/rthn kai\ deka/thn h(me/ran: th=s d' h( me\n
ku/hsis tri/mhnos, to\ de\ tw=n skula/kwn a)na/blemma ei)s e(bdo/mhn pro
xwrh/sei kai\ deka/thn h(me/ran.
w(/ra d' a)ri/sth kunw=n pro\s plh/
rwsi/n te kai\ ge/nesin tw=| me\n a)/rreni teta/rtou e)/tous a)rcame/nou,
teleutai=on to\ o)/gdoon: h( de\ qh/leia trieti\s a)/xris e(caeti/dos sun
duaze/sqw.
nosh/mata me/ntoi tri/a kunw=n, lu/ssa poda/gra kuna/gxh.
a)ll'
h( me\n poda/gra ou) pa/nth| a)ni/atos, h( de\ lu/ssa dusi/atos: h( de\ kuna/gxh
ei)s qa/naton fe/rei.
pa=n de\ to\ u(po\ lu/tth| e)xome/nou kuno\s dhxqe\n
a)nairei=tai, a)/nqrwpos de\ mo/nos ou)k a)/neu kindu/nwn perigi/netai.
tou\s de\ sku/lakas e(camh/nous me\n ta\s qhlei/as ou)/sas, o)kta
mh/nous de\ tou\s a)/rrenas e)pi\ qh/ran a)kte/on, i(ma/nti makrw=| e)nhgkulh
me/nw| e)chmme/nous.
ei)=q' o(/tan e)n katalh/yei ge/nhtai to\ qhri/on,
e)fie/nai kai\ tou/tois e(lei=n, i(/na xai/rwsi th=| qh/ra|, to\ me\n prw=ton
a)po\ tou= i(ma/ntos u(laktei=n e)w=ntas, mikro\n d' u(/steron kai\ th\n a)gku/
lhn a)polu/santas, w(s mh\ teino/menoi r(hgnu/wntai.
ko/smos de\ kunw=n de/raia me/n, i(ma\s platu\s peri\ tw=| traxh/lw|,
stereo/s, o(\s kai\ peride/raion kai\ perideri\s o)noma/zetai: e)/ndoqen
d' au)tw=| u(perra/fqw a)rnaki/s, w(s mh\ tri/boito u(po\ tou= lw/rou h(
deirh\ tou= kuno/s.
telmoni/a de\ kai\ au)th\ platu\s i(ma/s, e(kate/rwqen
a)po\ tou= derai/ou peri\ ta\s pleura\s parh/kwn e)nalla/c, w(s tw=n te
nw/twn ta\ meta\ ta\s w)mopla/tas a)/kras kai\ ta\s lago/nas ste/gein.
h(=loi d' h)\ e)gkentri/des e)/peisi tai=s telmoni/ais: ai( de\ kai\ peri\ to\
e)pi/sion e)kte/tantai, w(s mh\ o)xeu/oito h( ku/wn, tw=n e)gkentri/dwn th\n
to/lman tw=n e)pibhsome/nwn a)neirgousw=n, tou= mh\ u(poplhsqh=nai au)ta\s
e)c a)gennw=n xa/rin.
to\ de\ peride/raion e)ch=ptai stenou= i(ma/ntos, o(\s
kata\ to\n ku/nagxon e)chgku/lwtai: kai\ a)po\ tou/tou a)/getai h( ku/wn.
e)/nioi de\ kai\ ta\ nw=ta tw=n kunw=n bu/rsais tisi\ stereai=s katalamba/nousi,
peri\ ta\s u(poderi/das tou= zw/|ou ta\s bu/rsas a)na/yantes, w(/sq' h(/kista
trwtou\s ei)=nai th=| toiau/th| ske/ph|, o(po/te sumpi/ptoie/n tini tw=n maxi/
mwn qhri/wn.
a)retai\ de\ kunw=n a)po\ me\n sw/matos, mega/lai mhd' a)su/mmetroi
mhd' a)na/rmostoi, simai/, a)rqrw/deis.
i)nw/dh ta\ ka/twqen tou= metw/pou.
me/twpon platu/, ta\s diakri/seis a)kribei=s e)/xon.
kefalai\ kou=fai/ te
kai\ eu)/foroi.
o)/mmata mete/wra me/lana sti/lbonta: la/mpousai ai(
ko/rai, purw=des to\ ble/mma.
w)=ta lepta\ kai\ mikra\ kai\ yila\ o)/pisqen.
tra/xhlos makro\s u(gro\s periferh/s.
sth/qh eu)/sarka eu)ru/tera.
ai(
d' w)mopla/tai tw=n w)/mwn mikro\n a)festhke/twsan.
ske/lh e(ka/tera me\n
u(yhla/, mei/zw de\ ta\ e)co/pisqen: a)lla\ tau=ta me\n e)pi/rrikna, ta\ de\
pro/sqen o)rqa\ stifra\ stroggu/la, mh\ prou/xonta kata\ tou\s a)gkw=nas.
kai\ pleurai\ d' e)/stwsan prosestalme/nai kai\ mh\ pro\s th\n gh=n
baquno/menai.
th=s d' o)sfu/os ou)k ou)/shs a)sa/rkou to/ t' u(gro\n pa/nth|
kai\ to\ pantelw=s sklhro\n o(moi/ws a)pe/stw.
lago/nwn d' a)/riston to\
me/trion, w(s a)pei=nai me/geqo/s te kai\ smikro/thta.
tw=n d' i)sxi/wn
stroggu/lwn o)/ntwn ta\ me\n kato/pin e)/stw sarkw/dh, ta\ d' a)/nwqen
a)su/ndeta, e)/ndoqen prosestalme/na.
kenew=nes d' au)toi/ te lagaroi\
kai\ ta\ ka/twqen au)tw=n, ou)rai\ promh/keis eu)qei=ai o)cei=ai ligurai/, mh
riai=ai sklhrai/.
ta\ d' u(pokw/lia periferh= kai\ promh/kh te kai\ eu)pagh=.
periferei=s de\ kai\ oi( po/des.
eu)/trixes d' e)/stwn, kai\ ta\ trixw/mata
au)toi=s dasune/sqw lepth=| kai\ puknh=| kai\ malakh=| th=| trixi/.
toiau=tai
d' ou)=sai fanou=ntai podw/keis e)lafrai\ dromikai\ eu)/stomoi.
kai\ h(/kei
kata\ mikro\n o( lo/gos e)pi\ ta\s th=s yuxh=s a)reta/s, a)pofai/nwn ta\s
ku/nas qumoeidei=s, qumoso/fous, sofa/s, eu)/rinas, eu)aisqh/tous,
eu)/podas, o)cei/as, filopo/nous, e)qelourgou/s, eu)yu/xous, a)planei=s,
e)gkratei=s, oi(/as a(rpa/zein me\n ta\ pneu/mata, kri/nein de\ ta\s o)sma/s,
e)peuqu/nein de\ ta\ i)/xnh, katafwra=n de\ to\ qhri/on, metie/nai, metaqei=n,
metadiw/kein, meqe/pein, kata\ po/das xwrei=n, u(pokrufqe\n e)ceuri/skein,
proofqe\n diw/kein, katalhfqe\n ai(rei=n, fronti/zein me\n kata\ th\n
zh/thsin tw=n o)smw=n, h(suxa/zein de\ kata\ th\n eu(/resin tw=n i)xnw=n,
prohgei=sqai de\ tw=| qhreuth=|, ka)\n e)ggu\s h)=| th=s a)neure/sews u(posh
mai/nein, kataneu/ein, u(podhlou=n, diadhlou=n th=| xara=| th=s yuxh=s, tw=|
phdh/mati tou= sw/matos, th=| faidro/thti tou= prosw/pou, th=| lampro/thti
tw=n o)fqalmw=n, th=| metalla/cei tw=n o)mma/twn, toi=s a)nable/mmasi th=s
o)/yews, toi=s phdh/masi th=s e)lpi/dos, th=| sta/sei tw=n w)/twn, tw=|
seismw=| th=s ou)ra=s, tw=| to\ sw=ma pa=n e)pikradai/nein.
kaki/ai de\
kunw=n a)po\ me\n sw/matos mikrai\ h)\ u(yhlai\ kai\ a)su/mmetroi, xaro
poi/, muwpoi/, grupai/, a)/rrwstoi, yilai/, ai)sxrai/, a)/morfoi, a)su/ntaktoi
ta\ sw/mata, dia/strofoi tou\s po/das, a)/stomoi, nwqroi/, a)/qumoi, bra
dei=ai, kathfei=s, a)/podes: barei=ai th\n kefalh/n, sarkw/deis tw=| metw/pw|,
u(pe/rmetroi kai\ dasei=ai ta\ w)=ta, sklhrai\ tou\s au)xe/nas: sth/qh stena/,
w)mopla/tai toi=s w)/mois suna/ptousai, pleurai\ baqei=ai, o)sfu=s sarkw/
deis, lago/nes a)su/mmetroi pro\s to\ sw=ma, i)sxi/a promh/kh te kai\
gumna\ sarkw=n, mhriai=ai u(grai/, ta\ u(pokw/lia ou) stroggu/la, e)pi
mh/keis oi( po/des.
a)na/gkh ga\r toiou/tw| sw/mati kai\ th\n yuxh=s kaki/an
sunei=nai, kai\ ei)=nai ta\s ku/nas a)noh/tous, a)naisqh/tous, a)manteu/tous
tw=n i)xnw=n, a)/rrinas, a)rga/s, a)po/nous, r(a|qu/mous, planh/tidas, eu)ecapa
th/tous, e)capathtika/s, a)peiqei=s pro\s me\n th\n zh/thsin a)napeptwkui/as
pro\s de\ th\n eu(/resin a)qu/mous misoqh/rous, filanqrw/pous, e)panaxw
rou/sas e)k th=s diw/cews, proleipou/sas to\ qhri/on, prodidou/sas ta\s
sunqh/rous, u(poqeou/sas proqeou/sas, proi+eme/nas ta\ diw/gmata,
keklaggui/as, ou) kai/ria u(polambanou/sas, proxairou/sas, ma/thn e)pa
nastrefou/sas, propetw=s phdw/sas, ei)kh=| tai=s sofwte/rais tw=n kunw=n
e)mpodw\n kaqistame/nas, e)ndidou/sas u(po\ to\n h(/lion, u(pofeugou/sas
u(po\ ta\s skia/s, malakiou/sas u(po\ to\ kru/os, e)canistame/nas u(po\ to\n
o)/mbron, ou)k a)pallattome/nas tw=n trimmw=n, prokamnou/sas, a)pago
reuou/sas, u(potremou/sas o(/tan e)ggu\s h)=| to\ qh/rama, u(potro/mous gino
me/nas, ou)k a)neurei=n suneta/s, ou) diw/kein i(kana/s, a)/fronas o)ligo/
fronas, a)kratei=s, knuzou/sas.
a)po\ de\ kunw=n o)no/mata kunh=, kuna/gxh, kunodromei=n kuno
maxei=n, e)/kkunoi e)kkunw=sai e)kkunei=n.
le/getai de\ kai\ prokunei=n to\
prou+laktei=n pri\n h)\ to\ qhri/on a)neurei=n.
kai\ *(/omhros
(*a
me\n le/gei "kuno\s o)/mmat' e)/xwn"_ou(/tw ga\r to\n a)naidh= kalei=_
kai\ a)llaxou=
(*q
ma/xou ku/wn dia\ th\n to/lman e)kalei=to, kai\ ku/nes oi( a)p' *)antisqe/nous.
kai\ kuni/zein kai\ kunismo\s kai\ kuniko\s kai\ kunw/dhs kai\ kunou=xos,
kai\ kunh/podes i(/ppwn.
xrw=ma de\ kunw=n ou)/te to\ pa/nth| leuko\n a)podekte/on ou)/te
to\ baqe/ws me/lan ou)/te to\ pantelw=s purro/n, a)ll' e(ka/stw| para
memi/xqw ti kai\ e(te/ras xro/as, h)/toi kata\ to\ me/twpon h)\ u(pe\r ta\s
r(i=nas a)/kras h)\ kai\ kat' a)/llo ti tou= sw/matos.
lagw\ me\n eu)nai\ qa/mnoi sunhrefei=s kai\ i)=dai a)mfilafei=s kai\
r(wxmoi\ baqei=s, xeimw=nos me\n ta\ prosh/lia, qe/rous de\ ta\ e)pi/skia, e)n
de\ xio/ni ta\ mela/gxima: e)/sti de\ tau=ta ta\ koi=la e)n oi(=s h( xiw\n dia
te/thken, ke/klhtai d' o(/ti para\ th\n a)/llhn th=s gh=s o)/yin, leukh\n
ou)=san u(po\ th=| xio/ni, tau=ta mo/na melai/netai.
eu)/krita me\n ta\ i)/xnh
ta\ eu)qe/a, du/skrita de\ ta\ sumpeplegme/na: gi/netai de\ ma/lista toiau=ta,
h)\n prodiece/lqwsin a)lw/pekes.
ta\ d' o)rqa\ i)/xnh, o(po/tan h)/toi ktu/pou
katakou/santes o)rqoi\ kata\ tou\s po/das tou\s e)co/pisqen e)panista/menoi
bou/lwntai to\ safe\s tou= prospeso/ntos h)/xou maqei=n, h)\ kai\ tw=| th=s
selh/nhs fwti\ xai/rontes, o(po/tan h)=| panse/lhnos, a)ntipai/zontes pro\s
a)llh/lous kai\ phdw=ntes makra\n kai\ diallo/menoi kai\ diaporriptou=ntes
a)pofh/nwsi taraxw/dh ta\ i)/xnh.
i)de/a de\ lagw\ kai\ fu/sis, to\ me\n
xrw=ma e)pi/perknos_e)/sti de\ tou=to perknh=s e)lai/as to\ ei)=dos, ou)/t'
o)/mfakos e)/ti ou)/t' h)/dh melainome/nhs_me/geqos ou) me/gas, kou=fos
th\n fu/sin, dasu\s th\n tri/xwsin, kai\ ta\ u(/ptia tw=n podw=n a)ll' ou)
mo/na ta\ pranh= dasuno/menos, o(/per ou)/ fhsin *)aristote/lhs
(
p 519 22dia\ tou=to ga/r moi dokei=
dasu/poda to\n lagw\n a)/lloi te kai\ *krati=nos
(
o)/noma poiou/menos tw=| zw/|w| th\n fu/sin.
o( me\n ou)=n mei/zwn kai\ to\
leuko\n e)/xei to\ e)n tw=| metw/pw| mei=zon, o( de\ mikro\s to/ te leuko\n
e)/latton kai\ to\ xrw=ma/ e)stin e)pi/purros.
glauko\s d' e)sti\n o( lagw\s
h)\ xaropo/s, e)co/mmatos: kai\ ta\ o)/mmata ou)k e)/xei blefari/das, o(/qen
kai\ a)mbluw/ttei.
ta\ polla\ d' e)sti\n e)n u(/pnw|: kai\ tou=to de\ ou)
smikro\n o)fqalmoi=s to\ bla/bos.
kefalh\n e)/xei mikra\n e)lafra\n kata
ferh=, ei)s steno\n katalh/gousan, w)=ta u(yhla/, tra/xhlon steno\n strog
gu/lon u(gro\n e)pimh/kh, w)mopla/tas o)rqa/s, a)/nwqen a)sunde/tous, ske/lh
ta\ pro/sqen e)lafra\ su/gkwla, sth=qos ou) sarkw=des, pleura\s ou)
barei/as ou)de\ a)summe/trous, kwlh=na sarkw/dh, lago/nas u(gra/s, i)sxi/a
mega/la stroggu/la eu)/sarka, ou) sunesthko/ta, mhrou\s braxei=s eu)pagei=s
muw/deis, ou)k o)gkw/deis ta\ e)/ndon, u(pokw/lia makra\ kai\ stifra/, po/das
tou\s pro/sqen stenou\s kai\ makrou/s, tou\s o)/pisqen stereou\s kai\ pla
tei=s, ske/lh polu\ e)la/ttw tw=| mh/kei ta\ pro/sqen para\ ta\ o)/pisqen.
blaisa/ t' e)sti\ ta\ o)/pisqen, w(s e)gkekli/sqai para\ ta\ pro/sqia kai\
kata\ tou\s dro/mous proba/llein au)ta\ pro\ e)kei/nwn, kai\ phda=n a)nte
reido/menon toi=s o)/pisqen posi/n, ou)damh=| tou\s prosqi/ous e)mpodi/zonta
dia\ th\n e)kei/nwn ei)s to\ ei)/sw para/llacin.
a(ltiko\n d' e)sti\ kai\ ph
dhtiko\n to\ zw=|on ma=llon h)\ dromiko/n, a)/llws de\ kou=fo/n te kai\
u(pere/lafron.
ka)peidh\ th\n ou)ra\n ou)x i(kanh\n e)/xei to\ sw=ma e)peu
qu/nein, toi=s w)si\ xrh=tai pro\s th\n h(gemoni/an, parakataba/llwn au)ta\
kai\ w(/sper kw/pais tisi\ parere/ttwn to\ sw=ma.
e)n de\ toi=s katafere/si
ma=llon a(li/sketai dia\ to\ u(/yos to\ tw=n o)/pisqen podw=n kata\ kefalh\n
prowqou/menos.
e)n de\ toi=s a)na/ntesin h( tw=n podw=n a)niso/ths kata\
th\n a)nwmalo/thta th\n tw=n to/pwn a)pisoi= to\ sw=ma pro\s to\n dro/
mon: o(/son ga\r e)n toi=s a)na/ntesi ta\ kato/pin koilai/netai, tosou=
ton to\ tw=n podw=n mh=kos ei)s i)sope/dou do/can a)nalamba/nei.
deili/a|
d' u(perba/llei tou=to to\ zw=|on, e)/kplhkton r(a=|sta gino/menon kai\ a)na
ptoou/menon, o(/qen kai\ ptw\c o)noma/zetai, to\n d' u(/pnon poiei=tai
kai\ th\n a)na/paulan u(poqei\s me\n ei)s ta\s lago/nas ta\ o)/pisqen
ske/lh, ta\ de\ pro/sw kw=la protei/nas te kai\ sunqei/s, kai\
th\n kefalh\n kataqei\s kat' au)tw=n.
a)ll' h)\n katamu/h| te kai\ ta\s
r(i=nas a)kinh/tous e)/xh|, kaqeu/dei me\n ou)/, kamw\n d' i)/sws a)napau/etai:
h)\n de\ toi=s o)fqalmoi=s a)napeptame/nois a)tremi/zh| kai\ ta\s r(i=nas
u(pokinw=n e)kpne/h| qamina/, u(/pnos au)to\n a)kribh\s e)/xei.
kai\ mh\n
polu/gono/n e)stin e)s ta\ ma/lista touti\ to\ qhri/on e)pikui+sko/menon
a)ei\ kai\ dia\ pa/shs w(/ras, w(/ste to\ me\n h)/dh te/tektai, to\ de\ me/l
lei, to\ de\ ku/etai, to\ d' e)/ti pla/ttetai: kai\ ei)/pois a)\n au)to\ po
lu/gonon poluto/kon polu/teknon, e)pikui+sko/menon, go/nou a)ei\ e)piplh
rou/menon.
ti/ktei de\ kaq' e(/kaston mh=na.
kai\ tetri/xwtai pa=n,
w(/ste kai\ tw=n gna/qwn e)nto\s e)/xein tri/xas.
o(/swn d' a)\n e)tw=n
h)=|, tosau/tas e)/xei tw=n a)po\ tou= sw/matos e)gxwrou/ntwn u(po\ th\n ou)
ra\n ta\s o)pa/s.
mo/non de\ tw=n zw/|wn ga/la kai\ pri\n tekei=n e)/xei, kai\
mo/non tw=n polusxidw=n e)/xei puti/an.
kai\ oi( me\n *)elumai=oi tw=n par'
h(mi=n a)lwpe/kwn ou) mei/ous ei)si\ ta\ sw/mata, melai/nontai de\ ta\ xrw/
mata kai\ promh/keis pefu/kasi, kai\ to\ peri\ th\n ou)ra\n a)/kran leuko\n
au)toi=s kai\ e)pi/mhke/s e)stin.
oi( de\ mosxi/ai kalou/menoi tw=n lagw=n
o)cu/teron kai\ eu)aisqhto/teron e)/xousi to\ pneu=ma to\ tw=n i)xnw=n, w(/ste
gi/nesqai pro\s au)to\ ta\s ku/nas e)kmanei=s.
*)iqa/kh de\ mo/nh tw=n nh/swn
a)/gono/s e)sti lagw=n.
*karpa/qioi de\ pro/teron ou)k o)/ntwn e)n th=| nh/sw|
lagw=n zeu=gos ei)sagago/menoi, to\ me\n ei)s plh=qos e)k th=s polugoni/as
e)pididou=n e)/fqeire tou\s karpou/s, oi( de\ paroimi/an e)poi/hsan e)pi\ tw=n
e)pispasto\n kako\n e)f' e(autou\s e)pagago/ntwn "o( *karpa/qios to\n la
gw/n." kai\ mh\n *)anaci/las o( *(rhgi=nos ou)/shs, w(s *)aristote/lhs
(
`568 r
kai\ qre/yas, o(mou= de\ kai\ *)olu/mpia nikh/sas a)ph/nh|, tw=| nomi/smati tw=n
*(rhgi/nwn e)netu/pwsen a)ph/nhn kai\ lagw/n.
tw=n d' e)la/fwn a)/kerws me\n h( qh/leia, o( d' a)/rrhn kerwfo/ros
h)\ kerasfo/ros h)\ kera/sths h)\ eu)/kerws h)\ platu/kerws h)\ u(pe/rkerws, kai\
xruso/kerws o( u(po\ *(hrakle/ous a(lou/s: kai\ *)anakre/wn
(
me\n sfa/lletai kero/essan e)/lafon proseipw/n, kai\ *sofoklh=s
(
`86 n
o)rqw=s le/gei "a)mf' e)/lafon kerao/n." e)/sti de\ toi=s e)la/fois to\ xrw=ma
e)pi/canqon, kata/stikton leukoi=s gra/mmasin: plei/w d' ai( qh/leiai ta\ sti/
gmata e)/xousi, kai\ ma/lista tw=n e)la/fwn oi( nebroi/.
a(li/skontai de\
diktu/ois me/n, ei)/ tis o)gmeu/sas au)ta\s sunela/seien, podostra/bais d'
ei)/ tis e)nedreu/sas au)ta\s e)mpodi/seien.
kai\ genna=| me\n w(s e)pi\ to\ plei=
ston e(\n e)/lafos, ku/ei de\ mh=nas ei)s o)ktw/, ti/ktei de\ plhrwqei=sa u(po\
to\ meto/pwron i(sta/menon.
to\n de\ nebro\n oi( gonei=s a)gago/ntes e)pi\
th\n eu)nh/n, i(/na pe/tras a)porrw=gos peri/dromos pare/xei th\n e)k qate/
rou me/rous a)sfa/leian, h( me\n mh/thr e(auth\n katabalou=sa qhla/zei to\
bre/fos, o( de\ path\r a)/poqen fula/ttei kai\ pro\s to\n proselqo/nta
u(permaxei=.
kai\ to\n me\n nebro\n ei) dunhqei/hs a)pela/sas a)po\ tw=n
gone/wn kunodromh=sai, to\n me\n prw=ton dro/mon a)polei/yh| su/ te kai\
ai( ku/nes, e)n de\ toi=s e)fech=s a)pagoreu/ousin a)/ra oi( nebroi/.
pollai\
de\ kai\ tw=n telei/wn e)la/fwn e)n tai=s sunexeste/rais diw/cesin u(po\ dus
pnoi/as a(li/skontai.
xrei/a de\ pro\s au)ta\s to/cwn te kai\ a)konti/wn.
peri\ de\ suo\s ei)/pois a)\n baqu/nei tw=| r(u/gxei th\n gh=n, kei/rei ta\
lh/ia, ko/ptei ta\ de/ndra, qh/gei tou\s o)do/ntas, e)/frice th\n lofia/n, le
xri/ois pare/bleye toi=s o)/mmasi, purw=des u(poble/pei, toi=s o)dou=sin a)n
tipatagei=, tw=| pro\s a)llh/lous ko/mpw| tw=n o)do/ntwn a)peilei=, pu=r e)k
tw=n o)fqalmw=n a)fi/hsin, a)fro\s au)tw=| toi=s xaulio/dousi perizei=, tra
xu/s e)sti th\n o)rgh/n, a)ka/qektos to\n qumo/n, du/smaxos dusa/lwtos dus
agw/nistos, prowqw=n, prorrhgnu/menos, e)mpi/ptwn, prospi/ptwn,
a)natre/pwn, ko/ptwn toi=s o)dou=sin, a)noi/gwn, a)narrhgnu/s, r(u/mh|
e)piw/n, r(o/qios sumprosxwrw=n, bi/aios th\n o(rmh/n, dusni/khtos, duskata
gw/nistos.
kai\ ta\s a)/rkus diako/yeien a)/n, kai\ ta\s sta/likas a)natre/
yeien, kai\ ta\ de/ndra pro/rriza e)ktri/yeien, u(pe/rqumos, duso/rgh
tos, e)/mpuros, u(pe/rasqmos.
ei) kai\ plagi/ois toi=s o)dou=si qi/goi
tw=n kunw=n, to\ tri/xwma e)pe/flecen: ei) d' a)poqano/ntos tw=| xaulio/
donti prosene/gkais tri/xas, w(s a)po\ puro\s ai( tri/xes suntre/xousin:
ou(/tw polu\ to\ flogw=des e)/nesti tw=| qhri/w|.
h( d' a)/rktos ti/ktei me\n sa/rka, pla/ttei de\ kai\ a)rqroi= to\ ge/nnhma
tw=| sto/mati, kai\ pro\s ei)=dos zw/|ou ta\ me/lh tupoi=.
kai\ a)/rktou me\n
o)/ros to\ a)rktw=|on e)pw/numon, a)rkteu/esqai de\ ta\s parqe/nous e)/legon
o( dh=mos o( *)attiko/s.
*(eli/kh de\ kai\ *kuno/soura e)n ou)ranw=| du/o a)/rktoi,
*dio\s h( e(te/ra trofo/s, oi( d' a)/mfw le/gousin: oi( de\ th\n me\n w(s h)=n
trofo/s, th\n d' w(s paidika/.
kai\ a)/rktos me\n to\ katantikru\ meshm
bri/as tou= ko/smou me/ros, o( d' a)/nemos o( pne/wn e)kei=qen a)parkti/as,
kai\ ku/klos a)rktiko/s.
a(li/sketai de\ to\ qhri/on kai\ diktu/ois kai\
ma/xh| kai\ bo/qrois tisi/n, ou(\s u(po\ ta\ de/ndra ta\ karpofo/ra tw=n ku
nhgetw=n tine\s o)ruca/menoi, kai\ kala/mou h)\ a)/llou tino\s eu)qrau/stou
cu/lou doki/das toi=s bo/qrois e)pitei/nantes, kai\ th=s a)kinh/tou gh=s e)pi
forh/santes kai\ po/an e)pibalo/ntes, h( me\n w(s e)pi\ to\ de/ndron a)narri
xhsome/nh kata\ to\n karpo\n e)pei/getai, to\ d' o)/rugma au)th\n qrau
sqeisw=n tw=n doki/dwn u(pede/cato.
th\n de\ pa/rdalin tro/pois te toi=s proeirhme/nois lamba/nousi,
kai\ fa/rmakon a)ko/niton parami/cantes siti/ois, to\ me\n qhri/on diar
roi/a| kenou=tai, toi=s de\ polla/kis kai\ zw=n e)sti\n a(lw/simon.
ei)/pois d'
a)\n e)pi\ parda/lews w(s e)/xei to\ sw=ma stikto\n kata/stikton, kro
koeide/s, eu)pro/swpon, eu)/xroun, eu)eide\s polueide/s, u(gro/n, eu)e/likton,
polu/morfon, phdhtiko/n, a(ltiko/n, eu)pale/s.
kai\ le/onta d' a)\n ei)/pois blosuro/n, basi/leion, eu)xai/thn eu)ko/mhn
komh/thn, eu)ge/neion, u(pe/rauxon, megalo/frona, megalo/qumon,
u(pe/rfrona u(pe/rqumon, u(permege/qh, bi/aion, taxu/n, i)sxuro/n, qrasu/n,
kartero/n e)gkrath=.
qhra=tai d' h(/kista me\n o( te/leios ple/gmasin a)lla\
mhxanh/masi kai\ sofi/smasin, oi( de\ sku/mnoi tw=n gone/wn, pi/stei tou=
dusepibouleu/tou kai\ qra/sei th=s ou)/shs duna/mews, e)pi\ qh/ran a)po
nemhqe/ntwn.
tou\s d' o)/nous tou\s a)gri/ous e)f' i(/ppwn diw/cantes_a)gela/
zontai de\ kata\ plh=qos_e)peida\n u(pe/rkopoi kai\ u(pe/rasqmoi ge/nwn
tai kai\ o( koniorto\s au)toi=s w(s a)\n e)k plh/qous e)geiro/menos e)noxlh=|,
tou\s me\n diakonti/zousi, tou\s de\ kai\ zw=ntas ai(rou=si bro/xois seirai/ois
peribalo/ntes.
oi( d' e)/kfrones u(po\ th=s diw/cews geno/menoi polla/kis
ou)k a)/kontes, e)peida\n e)fe/lkh| tis to\n i(/ppon a)postre/yas, e(/pontai.
o( de\ kunhge/ths e)mboa/tw tai=s kusi/n, e)gkeleue/tw e)pikeleu
e/sqw e)panakrage/tw, e)pikekra/xqw, e)pishmaine/sqw, e)cotrune/tw ta\s
ku/nas, protrepe/tw, e)pegeire/tw, o(rma/tw e)corma/tw parorma/tw,
proskalei/sqw, e)canista/tw, sunqe/wn paraqe/wn sumparaqe/wn
e)piqe/wn metaqe/wn, metiw/n, metadiw/kwn, e)pigino/menos, kunodro
mw=n, sugka/mnwn sunergw=n sumponw=n, sumproqumou/menos, sunec
etazo/menos, suneceuri/skwn, sundiereunw/menos.
*fwnai\ zw/|wn.
kunw=n me\n u(lakh\ kai\ u(lagmo\s kai\ u(la
ktei=n kai\ u(laktou=ntes, kai\ knuza=sqai: ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ a)rra/zein
kai\ a)rra/zontas, kai\ r(u/zein kai\ r(u/zontas.
kata\ de\ *cenofw=nta
(
keklaggui=ai.
ei)rh/kasi de/ tines tw=n poihtw=n
(
kai\ bau/+zein tou\s ku/nas: skuza=n de\ to\ kaqeu/dontas u(pofqe/ggesqai.
lu/kwn d' w)rugh\ w)rugmo\s w)ru/esqai w)ruo/menoi.
leo/ntwn de\ bru/
xhma bruxhqmo/s bruxa=sqai bruxw/menoi.
i(/ppwn de\ xremetismo\s xre
meti/zein xremeti/zontes e)pixremeti/zontes: e)/nioi de\
(
lycophr 244
tou\s i(/ppous e)/fasan, frua/ttesqai de\ pa/ntas.
suw=n de\ grulismo\s
gruli/zein gruli/zontes, kai\ gru/zein gru/zontes: oi( de\ kai\ u(ismo\n ei)=pon
kai\ u(i/zein u(i/zontes.
bow=n de\ mu/khma mukhqmo\s muka=sqai mukw/
menoi.
o)i/wn de\ blhxh\ blhxa=sqai blhxw/menai.
ai)gw=n de\ mhkasmo\s
mhka=sqai mhkw/menai: kai\ mhka/das ai)=gas *(/omhros
(
ken.
dokei= d' i)/dion e)p' ai)gw=n ma=llon ei)=nai o( frimagmo\s frima/tte
sqai frimatto/menai, w(s *(hro/dotos
(
tw=n *frugi/wn le/gwn, blhxa=sqai ta\s ai)=gas oi)o/menos.
o)/nwn de\ brw/
mhsis brwma=sqai brwmw/menoi: to\ d' au)to\ e)p' h(mio/nwn e)rei=s.
ei)/rhtai
de\ kai\ to\ o)gkw/menoi, kai\ o)gkhsta\s e)/nioi tw=n poihtw=n tou\s o)/nous
e)ka/lesan.
kai\ mh\n e)pi\ me\n tw=n a)/llwn tw=n a)gri/wn zw/|wn, e)f'
w(=n i)/dion ou)k e)/stin o)/noma th=s fwnh=s, oi(=on a)/rktou parda/lews pa/n
qhros, e)pi\ tw=n toiou/twn bruxa=sqai le/gousin, e)pi\ de\ tw=n smikrote/rwn,
oi(=on a)lwpe/kwn kai\ qw/wn kai\ lugkw=n, to\ u(laktei=n kai\ w)ru/esqai.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kla/zein me\n a)etou/s, klagga/zein de\ gera/nous, e)p' a)m
foi=n de\ klaggh/n, i(e/rakas de\ r(oi/zein, kai\ a)lektruo/nas a)/|dein, kai\ ko/k
kugas kokku/zein_*(uperei/dhs
(
(?
) e)p' a)lektruo/nwn to\ kokku/zein ei)=pon_kai\ pe/rdikas tittu
bi/zein h)\ kakkaba/zein, kai\ o)/rtugas truli/zein, kai\ ku/knous a)/|dein, kai\
trugo/nas tru/zein, kai\ peristera\s goggu/zein, kai\ korw/nas krw/zein, kai\
koloiou\s klw/zein h)\ koloia=n, kai\ koyi/xous si/zein, kai\ te/ttigas tere
ti/zein, kai\ meli/ttas bombei=n, kai\ e)/popas pipi/zein, kai\ glau=kas i)u/zein,
kai\ meleagri/das kakka/zein, kai\ nukteri/das tetrige/nai, kai\ dra/kontas
suri/ttein, kai\ ki/ttas kittabi/zein, kai\ xelido/nas yiquri/zein, kai\ a)hdo/nas
a)/|dein kai\ eu)stomei=n.
sunapte/on de\ tou/tois kai\ th\n a)nqrw/pou fwnh/n, boh/n, fw/
nhma, lalia/n, fqoggh\n fqe/gma, kraugh\n kai\ kekragmo/n, lo/gon,
a)f' w(=n boa=n, fwnei=n, lalei=n, fqe/ggesqai, krauga/zein, kekrage/nai,
le/gein.
kai\ ta\ me\n a)po\ fwnh=s kai\ boh=s kai\ fqe/gmatos kai\ lalia=s
kai\ lo/gou o)no/mata ei)/rhtai, proskei/sqw d' a)po\ kekragmou= kekra/kths.
*(epe/sqw de\ tou/tois kai\ ta\ ei)s a)po/paton, ei)s a)poskeuh/n, ei)s
eu)ma/reian, ei)s a)/fodon, ei)s la/sana, ei)s koprw=na.
to\n de\ koprw=na
kai\ i)pno\n *)aristofa/nhs
(to\ d' e)/rgon a)popath=
sai, a)poskeua/sasqai, xe/sai, o(/qen kai\ xesa=s *patroklei/dhs.
kai\ to\
a)poskeuazo/menon ko/pros a)nqrw/pou, skw/r: a)f' ou(= ta\s plagi/as ou)
le/gousin, a)lla\ tou= skato/s kai\ tw=| skati/, w(=n th\n o)nomastikh\n ou)k
e)kfe/rousin.
le/gousi de\ kai\ ti=lon kai\ pe/leqon kai\ spati/lhn.
kai\
i(/ppou ko/pron fasi/n, boo\s bo/liton, o)/nou o)ni/da kai\ o)/nqon_*(/omh
ros
(*y
oi)spw/thn, ai)gw=n sfura/da kai\ sfuraqi/an kai\ spu/rdara, w(s kai\ muw=n
muske/lendra.
*kai\ mh\n to\ mi/gnusqai e)pi\ me\n tw=n a)lo/gwn bai/nein e)pibai/nein,
o)xeu/ein, biba/zein, sundua/zein sundua/zesqai, e)pa/gesqai, kai\ e)pi\
o)/nwn i)/dion to\ o)nobatei=n, o(po/tan i(/ppois e)pibai/nwsin.
koino\n d' e)pi\
pa/ntwn to\ paidosporei=n, w(/sper kai\ e)p' a)nqrw/pwn.
e)pi\ de\ tou/
twn kai\ o(milh=sai, mixqh=nai, dialexqh=nai, e)ntuxei=n, plhsia/sai, koinw
nh=sai, sunanapau/sasqai, ei)s tau)to\n e)lqei=n, sugkatakliqh=nai, sugkata
koimhqh=nai, suggene/sqai, spodei=n, o)pu/ein, a)frodisia/zein, sumple/kesqai,
kai\ ta\ teqrulhme/na, a(\ dh\ pai/zousin oi( kwmikoi/, lhkei=n, druma/ttein,
fla=n, skordou=n, stena/sai, splekou=n.
a)po\ me\n tou/twn toi/nun spouda/zwn
a)\n ei)/poi tis ta\ pra/gmata mi=cis, e)/nteucis, o(mili/a, koinwni/a, koinw/
nhma, sunousi/a.
ou) mh\n o( plhsiasmo\s ou)d' h( dia/lecis, a)lla\ die
le/xqhn au)th=| kai\ dieilegme/nos ei)mi\ w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
a)ttikw/teron to\ diepraca/mhn kai\ die/praca.
e)pi\ d' au)th=s to\ xari/sa
sqai kai\ dou=nai.
*ou) mh\n pareate/on ta\ tw=n gunaikei/wn ko/smwn o)no/mata,
peri\ w(=n a)qro/ws me\n ou(/tw fai/hn a)/n, ko/smoi kosmh/mata, kal
lwpismoi/ kallwpi/smata: a)f' w(=n to\ kosmei=sqai ko/smhsis, kallwpi/
zesqai kallwpismo/s, a(bru/nesqai, qru/ptesqai, a(bro/ths, qru/yis.
kata\
me/rh de\ kefalh=s me\n kosmh/mata *(/omhros le/gei
(
a)/mpuka kekru/falo/n te i)de\ plekth\n a)nade/smhn:
su\ d' a)\n prosqei/hs kai\ stefa/nhn par' *(omh/rou labw/n
(*s
tw=n d' ai( me\n plekta\s stefa/nas e)/xon, oi( de\ maxai/ras,
kai\ pulew=nas para\ *kallima/xou
(
rou
(*s
o)pisqosfendo/nhn par' *)aristofa/nous
(kai\
sfendo/nh de/ ti e)kalei=to kai\ a)nadh/mata kai\ ka/lamos kai\ kalami\s kai\
e)/ntropon, xrusa= kai\ e)pi/xrusa pa/nta.
to\ de\ ca/nion h)=n me\n kai\
au)to\ xrusou=n, kefalh=| ko/smos: e)/nioi d' au)to\ kte/nion ei)=nai nomi/zou
sin.
peri\ de\ toi=s w)si\n e(/rmata, dio/pas, e)llo/bia, e)nw/tia, e(/likas,
e(likth=ras, si/glas kata\ tou\s *dwrie/as, kata\ de\ tou\s *ai)ole/as a)rti/ala.
e)kalei=to de\ para\ toi=s kwmw|doi=s
(
stri/dia kai\ strobi/lia kai\ botru/dia kai\ pla/stra kai\ karua/tides kai\
i(ppoka/mpia kai\ kentauri/des kai\ e)/ntrofon kai\ tri/pous, dh=lon w(s
a)po\ tw=n sxhma/twn qeme/nwn au)tw=n toi=s e)nwti/ois ta\s proshgori/as,
w(/sper kai\ *(/omhros
(*c
triw=n ei)/dwla korw=n e)/xonta.
ta\ de\ peri\ tw=| traxh/lw| ou(
twsi\ me\n ei)pei=n peritraxh/lia kai\ peride/raia kai\ de/raia kai\
u(pode/raia kai\ u(poderi/des, h)= pou de\ kai\ o(/rmoi kai\ i)/sqmia kai\ stre
ptoi\ kai\ sto/mia kai\ plo/kia kai\ mala/kia, kai\ tanqarustoi\ o(/rmoi
para\ *qeopo/mpw| tw=| kwmikw=|
(
tine/s, w(s a)po\ th=s kinh/sews w)noma/sqai.
kai\ triopi\s d' o(/rmou ei)=dos,
trei=s w(/sper o)fqalmou\s kremastou\s e)/xontos.
kai\ w(s *)antifa/nhs
(w)noma/zeto
de/ ti kai\ ma/nnos h)\ mo/nnos, ma/lista para\ toi=s *dwrieu=sin.
peri\ de\
tou\s braxi/onas peribraxio/nia, peri\ de\ tou\s karpou\s perika/rpia
kai\ e)xi/nous kai\ a)mfide/as kai\ o)/feis kai\ ye/lia kai\ xlidw=nas kai\
bouba/lia, w(=n e)/nia kai\ toi=s peri\ tou\s braxi/onas e)ponoma/zousi kai\
toi=s peri\ tou\s po/das, ma/lista de\ ta\s a)mfide/as kai\ tou\s xlidw=nas.
i)di/ws de\ kai\ peri\ toi=s posi\ perisfu/ria, pe/zas peripezi/das peri
pe/zia, kai\ ai)/glhn kai\ pe/dhn kai\ periskeli/das: kai\ ga\r tou/tw| tw=|
o)no/mati ke/xrhtai *me/nandros
(
frg 33 koperi\ de\ toi=s ste/rnois ai)gi/das
kai\ masxalisth=ras: kai\ a)namasxalisth/r, w(s *filippi/dhs o( th=s kw
mw|di/as poihth\s e)n *)adwniazou/sais
(e)n de\ toi=s
daktu/lois daktu/lion daktuli/dion, sfragi=da sfragi/dion: ou(/tw ga\r
tou\s e)pish/mous daktuli/ous w)no/mazon, tou\s ta\ sh/mantra h)\ li/qous e)n
au(toi=s e)/xontas.
peri\ de\ tw=| smikrw=| daktu/lw| e)fo/roun o(\ a)kare\s
e)ka/loun dia\ smikro/thta, kai\ e(/teron kori/annon tw=| lixanw=| perihrth
me/non.
kai\ a)/llous de/ tinas ko/smous o)noma/zousin oi( kwmw|dodida/
skaloi
(
ron, pomfo/lugas, ba/raqron, periste/ria, sama/kia, sisu/mbrion, sisa/
rion, w(=n ou) r(a/|dion ta\s i)de/as sunnoh=sai dia\ to\ mhde\ pro/xeiron ei)=nai/
tina katidei=n ei)/te spouda/zontes ei)/te pai/zontes xrw=ntai toi=s o)no/
masin.
*)/isws d' a)\n toi=s ko/smois prosh/koi kai\ to\ e)/ntrimma, yimu/
qion, e)/gxousa, fu=kos, kai\ ta\ u(pogra/mmata, kai\ h( sti/mmis par' *)/iwni
e)n *)omfa/lh|
(
kai\ th\n me/lainan sti/mmin o)mmatogra/fon.
e)rei=s de\ kai\ kaphlei/an a)skei= prosw/pw|, to\ pro/swpon perixri/ei,
e)pentri/bei, kalligrafei=, fu/kei pursai/nei, yimuqi/w| leukai/nei,
tou\s o)fqalmou\s u(pogra/fei, ta\s o)fru=s melai/nei, ei)s gramma\s
h(mikukli/wn peria/gei, gewmetrei= peri\ to\ e)pisku/nion, r(o/don pa
reiai=s futeu/ei au)qwro\n a)nqou=n kai\ qa=tton a)panqou=n kata\ to\
*lokro/n, ou) pro/swpon a)lla\ proswpei=on fe/rei: fu/sews prokri/
nei te/xnhn, a)lhqei/as yeu=dos, tou= parame/nontos to\ r(a|di/ws a)pa
leifo/menon, tw=n pragma/twn gra/mmata: ei)kw\n a)nti\ prwtotu/pou
gi/netai.
*katabeblh/setai d' h(mi=n xu/dhn kai\ tw=n sunwnu/mwn
o)noma/twn.
a)paith=sai, pra=cai ei)spra=cai, e)kpra=cai e)kpra/
casqai, ei)spra/casqai.
a)pai/thsis, pra=cis ei)/spracis.
o)/noma pra
kth/r.
a)podou=nai, a)poti=sai e)kti=sai, ei)senegkei=n dialu=sai, ka
tabalei=n, kataqe/sqai, a)pariqmh=sai, kataqei=nai.
a)po/dosis, e)/ktisis,
ei)sfora/, dia/lusis, kata/qesis, katabolh/, a)pari/qmhsis.
sterh=sai
a)posterh=sai, a)penegkei=n a)pene/gkasqai, a)gnwmonh=sai, e)cidiw/sasqai.
ste/rhsis a)poste/rhsis, a)gnwmosu/nh.
kai\ o)/noma mo/non a)gnw/mwn, kai\
e)pi/rrhma a)gnwmo/nws.
a)rnh/sasqai a)parnh/sasqai e)carnh/sa
sqai, e)como/sasqai, a)nadu=nai e)canadu=nai, a)nafugei=n, a)naxwrh=sai,
a)nteipei=n, paraith/sasqai, e)/carnos a)/parnos.
tau=ta de\ mo/na ta\ o)no/
mata: ta\ de\ pra/gmata a)/rnhsis, e)cwmosi/a, a)na/dusis, a)nafugh/, a)na
xw/rhsis, a)ntilogi/a, parai/thsis.
i)/dion de\ to\ *pla/twnos
(
`217 c
sqai, u(posxe/sqai, prou+posxe/sqai, proeipei=n, u(potei=nai, u(poqei=nai.
e)paggeli/a, pro/rrhsis, u(po/sxesis.
a)/llhs de\ xrei/as diabebaiw/sasqai,
diori/sasqai, diakribw/sasqai, diegguh/sasqai, ei)s e(auto\n a)nade/casqai,
diisxuri/sasqai a)pisxuri/sasqai, a)pakribw/sasqai, to\n e(autou= ki/ndunon
u(poqei=nai, e)n e(autw=| u(pobale/sqai.
du/skolon, dusxere/s, du/s
prakton, du/sporon a)/poron, dusagw/niston, duskate/rgaston, e)rgw=
des, e)paxqe/s, baru/, fortiko/n, dusdioi/khton, dusdia/qeton.
kai\ ta\
sugkritika\ a)po\ tou/twn ou)k a)hdh=, kai\ ta\ kaq' u(pe/rqesin h(di/w.
kai\
e)pirrh/mata toi=s plei/stois su/nesti, kai\ o)no/mata duskoli/a kai\ dusxe/
reia kai\ baru/ths.
to\ d' e)nanti/on eu)/kolon, eu)xere/s, eu)/prakton,
pro/xeiron prokexeirisme/non, r(a/|dion, eu)/poron, e(/toimon, eu)pete/s, eu)
trepe/s eu)trepisme/non, eu)kate/rgaston, to\ suntuxo/n, a)talai/pwron.
kai\ su/gkrisin d' e)/xei kai\ u(pe/rqesin kai\ o)no/mata kai\ e)pirrh/mata,
eu)/kolos eu)kolw/teros, r(a/|dios r(a/|wn r(a=|stos kai\ w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
`86 bl
re/steros eu)xere/statos, pro/xeiros proxeiro/teros proxeiro/tatos, eu)/
poros eu)porw/teros eu)porw/tatos, eu)peth/s: o( ga\r eu)katergasto/te
ros kai\ a)talai/pwros, e)/sti tw=n e)/rgwn ma=llon h)\ tw=n drw/ntwn ta\
o)no/mata.
ta/xa d' a)/n tis tou/tois prosqei=nai bia/zoito kai\ o)/noma to\n
r(a|diourgo/n.
sxh/mata de/: e)c e(toi/mou, e)c eu)ko/lou, e)k tou= r(a/|stou,
e)k tou= proxeirota/tou, e)k tou= parapeso/ntos, e)k tou= prospeso/n
tos.
ta/xa kai\ e)k tw=n loipw=n.
*xwri/on e)rei=s u(gieino/n, a)/noson, a)kh/raton, kaqaro/n, eu)/kraton
eu)krae/s eu)ke/raston tai=s w(/rais, eu)fegge/s, eu)h/nemon, eu)= w(/ras e)/xon,
a)/rista kekrame/non, a)napnoa\s e)/xon, a)napneo/menon, pneu/mata diar
re/onta e)/xon, a)ne/mous diaqe/ontas, eu)/pnoun, a)nayu=xon, au)/rais dia
pneo/menon, eu)/qeron, eu)/skion skiero\n pali/skion, yuxeino/n, eu)xei/meron,
a)leeino/n, u(po/qermon, eu)h/lion, di/kaion tai=s w(/rais, kalw=s ou)ranou=
kei/menon, eu)= e)/xon, eu)= h(=kon w(rw=n, kalw=s e)/xon pneuma/twn, tai=s
w(/rais xrw/menon memetrhme/nais, ai)/qrion, a)ne/felon, e)n kaqarw=|
a)e/ri diakei/menon, a)napeptame/nw| a)e/ri, faidrw=|, kou/fw|, e)lafrw=|,
diafanei=, e)leuqe/rw|, lamprw=|, diaugei=.
kai\ tou)nanti/on nosw=
des nosero\n noshro\n e)pi/noson, e)pi/khron, e)pisfale/s sfalero/n,
e)piki/ndunon kindunw=des, fqinw=des, du/swron, baru/, zofw=des, skotw=
des, dusfegge/s, a)nh/lion, a)/kraton, a)/nison tai=s w(/rais, xeime/rion dus
xei/meron, kruw=des krumw=des, pagetw=des, ka/tombron, e)pi/pnoun, sun
ne/felon, dia/puron e)/mpuron purw=des, flogw=des, pnighro/n, kau
matw=des, ze/on perize/on, fle/gon, kai=on u(perkai=on, kathfe/s, kata
pneo/menon, kath/nemon sunh/nemon, du/sqeron, u(gro/n di/ugron u(da
tw=des, xionw=des, au)xmw=des au)xmhro/n, xolw=des, a)nh/meron, no
sopoio/n, fqoropoio/n, e)/cwron, loimw=des, kakw=s e)/xon ou)ranou=, kai\
o(/sa a)/lla e)/stin ei)pei=n lo/gw|.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata tou= me\n dusxeime/rou xeimw/n, yu=xos, a)/nemos,
o)/mbros, u(eto/s, krumo/s kru/os, pageto/s, xiw/n, kru/stallos, pa/xnh,
za/lh, xala/za, tou= de\ dusqe/rou pni=gos, kau=ma, fle/gma kai\ kaq'
*(/omhron
(?
) pu=r pureto/s a)le/a, qa/lpos.
kai\ r(h/mata tou= me\n
xeima/zesqai, r(igou=n, yu/xesqai, katapnei=sqai, u(/esqai, kai\ e)pi/rrhma
to\ yuxrw=s, o(/ti poihtiko\n to\ r(ighlw=s: tou= de\ fle/gesqai, qa/lpesqai,
a)leai/nesqai, pure/ttein, kai\ e)pi/rrhma mo/non pnighrw=s, a)leeinw=s.
*ou)k a)potre/yomai, ou)k a)posxh/somai, ou) pau/somai, ou)k
o)knh/sw, ou) fula/comai, ou) paraith/somai, ou)k a)nadu/somai, ou)k
a)posth/somai.
ta\ d' a)p' au)tw=n o)no/mata kai\ e)pirrh/mata e(te/ras e)sti\
xrei/as.
*filw= to\n dei=na, u(perfilw=, ste/rgw, u(perste/rgw, a)gapw=,
u(peragapw=, a)/gamai, oi)kei/ws e)/xw pro\s au)to/n, oi)kei/ws dia/keimai,
w)|kei/wmai.
e)pithdei/ws e)/xw, kai\ e)pith/deio/s moi/ e)stin, oi)kei=os, fi/
los, e(tai=ros, kai\ o(/sa toiau=ta.
a)nake/kramai pro\s au)to/n, sug
ke/kramai, sunh=mmai, filikw=s e)/xw, eu)/nous ei)mi\ au)tw=|, eu)/nws e)/xw
pro\s au)to/n, e)spou/daka peri\ au)to/n, xrw=mai au)tw=|.
kai\ fili/a,
storgh/, oi)keio/ths oi)kei/wsis, e)pithdeio/ths, e(tairei/a, eu)/noia.
kai\
filikw=s, filosto/rgws, oi)kei/ws, e)pithdei/ws, eu)noi+kw=s.
fi/los, eu)/nous,
oi)kei=os, e)pith/deios, e(tai=ros: o( ga\r filo/storgos e(/tero/n ti dhloi=.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a, misw= to\n dei=na, a)poba/llomai, e)ktre/pomai, diabe/
blhmai pro\s au)to/n, diabe/blhtai/ moi, proskrou/w au)tw=|, proskrou/ei
moi, a)/xqomai au)tw=|, prosi/statai/ moi, bdelu/ttomai au)to/n.
dusmenw=s
dia/keimai pro\s au)to/n, du/snws, kako/nws.
a)pexqa/nomai pro\s au)to/n,
a)pexqa/nomai au)tw=|: to\ ga\r e)xqai/rw poihtiko/n.
e)xqro/s moi/ e)sti,
dusmenh/s, a)llo/trios, a)llotriou/menos.
kai\ h)llotri/wmai pro\s au)
to/n, dusmenai/nw au)tw=|, dienh/negmai pro\s au)to/n, dia/foro/s moi/ e)stin,
a)nepith/deios, a)nepithdei/ws dia/keimai pro\s au)to/n, u(po/ptws e)/xw
pro\s au)to/n, e)qele/xqrws.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata mi=sos, mishti/a, e)/xqra,
a)pe/xqeia, pro/skrousma, diafora/, dusme/neia, du/snoia, kako/noia, a)l
lotri/wsis, u(poyi/a.
tw=n d' e)pirrhma/twn ta\ plei=sta proei/rhtai,
e)/xei me/ntoi kai\ u(perqe/seis, e)/xqista e)xqro/tata dusmene/stata, diafo
rw/tata, a)llotriw/tata, a)pexqe/stata, a)nepithdeio/tata, u(popto/
tata, kakonou/stata.
*)/epainos, eu)fhmi/a, eu)logi/a, e)gkw/mion: bi/aion de\ to\ kallilogi/a
kai\ eu)stomi/a: e)painei=n, eu)logei=n, eu)fhmei=n, e)gkwmia/zein, kalw=s le/
gein, eu)stomei=n.
o)/noma de\ mo/non o( e)paine/ths, kai\ e)pi/rrhma to\
eu)fh/mws: ta\ ga\r loipa\ e(/tero/n ti dhloi=.
to\ e)nanti/on yo/
gos, loidori/a, blasfhmi/a, kakologi/a, kakhgori/a, kakismo/s, diabolh/:
ye/gein, loidorei=n, blasfhmei=n, kakhgorei=n, kakologei=n, kaki/zein.
kai\
ta\ o)no/mata ye/kths w(s *pla/twn
(
filo/yogos kai\ yektiko\s kai\ kakh/goros kai\ filoloi/doros: o( ga\r loi/
doros eu)tele/s, kai\ o( bla/sfhmos kai\ o( dia/bolos i)diwtw=n, a)nekto/
teros d' o( diablhtiko/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata yektikw=s, filoloido/rws,
kakistikw=s, diablhtikw=s.
o( ga\r e)paineto\s kai\ yekto\s e)f' e(te/rwn
ta/ttetai.
e)rei=s de\ kai\ moxqhro\s to\ h)=qos kai\ to\n tro/pon
kai\ th\n proai/resin kai\ th\n dia/noian kai\ th\n bou/lhsin kai\ th\n yu
xh\n kai\ th\n gnw/mhn kai\ to\n bi/on kai\ to\ tou= bi/ou sxh=ma kai\ th\n
tou= bi/ou kata/stasin kai\ th\n tou= bi/ou diagwgh/n.
e)painw=n d' a)\n
e(/kaston tou/twn kata\ tou)nanti/on xrh/saio, e)paineto\s to\ h)=qos kai\
ta\ e)fech=s.
i)/dia de\ tou= me\n yo/gou du/stropos, kakoh/qhs, ei)/rwn,
e)pi/boulos, dolero/s, u(/poulos, e)pi/skios: tou= d' e)pai/nou a(plou=s,
a)/kakos, a)/dolos, a)/plastos, e)kfanh/s, e)kkei/menos, a)kata/skeuos, e)leu/
qeros, eu)qurrh/mwn, eu)h/qhs.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata tou= me\n dustropi/a,
kakoh/qeia, ei)rwnei/a, e)piboulh/, do/los, tou= d' a(plo/ths, a)kaki/a, e)leu
qeri/a, eu)qurrhmosu/nh, eu)h/qeia.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata tou= me\n dustro/
pws, kakoh/qws, ei)rwnikw=s, e)pibou/lws, dolerw=s, u(pou/lws, e)piski/ws,
tou= d' a(plw=s, a)ka/kws, a)pla/stws, e)kfanw=s, e)leuqe/rws, eu)qurrhmo/
nws, eu)h/qws.
ta/ttoito d' a)\n o( eu)h/qhs kai\ e)pi\ tou= a)noh/tou,
o(\n a)\n ei)/pois kai\ mwro/n, e)/mplhkton, paraplh=ga, e)mbro/nthton, a)po/
plhkton, e)neo/n, e)/kfrona a)/frona, a)su/neton, lhrw/dh, a)/noun, h)li/
qion, a)na/lghton, a)nai/sqhton, a)be/lteron, e)pi/lhpton.
o( de\ toiou=tos a)\n
ei)/h kai\ a)natetramme/nos th\n gnw/mhn, kou=fos th\n dia/noian, a)nerma/
tistos, lhrw=n lh=ros, to\ mhde\n w)/n.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata fai/hs a)\n
eu)h/qeian, a)/noian, mwri/an, e)mplhci/an, e)mbronthsi/an, a)frosu/nhn e)k
frosu/nhn, a)sunesi/an, paraplhci/an a)poplhci/an.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata eu)
hqi/zesqai, mwrai/nein, a)nohtai/nein, e)mbebronth=sqai, lhrei=n, parape
plh=xqai.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata eu)h/qws, a)noh/tws, a)fro/nws, e)mplh/
ktws, a)poplh/ktws, e)kfro/nws, a)sune/tws: to\ ga\r mwrw=s li/an eu)tele/s.
*fo/bos, o)/knos, de/os, o)rrwdi/a, eu)la/beia, deili/a, a)qumi/a, a)nan
dri/a, e)/kplhcis, fri/kh, tro/mos, ptoi/a pto/hsis, sustolh/, qo/ru
bos, taraxh/.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata fobou=mai, o)rrwdw= o)knw= ka
toknw=, de/dia de/doika, eu)labou=mai, e)kpe/plhgmai, fri/ttw, tre/mw,
e)pto/hmai e)cepto/hmai, sune/stalmai, teqoru/bhmai, teta/ragmai, e)ce/sthka.
o)knw=n katoknw=n, dediw/s dedoikw/s katadei/sas, o)rrwdw=n, a)podeilia/
sas, katoknh/sas, e)kplagei/s, fri/ttwn, tre/mwn, e)ptohme/nos e)ceptoh
me/nos, sunestalme/nos, teqorubhme/nos, tetaragme/nos, e)cesthkw/s.
foberw=s e)/xwn, e)pifo/bws, e)pidew=s katadew=s, eu)labw=s: eu)tele\s ga\r
to\ deilw=s, to\ d' a)podedeiliako/tws du/sfqegkton, tou= de\ qorubwdw=s
kai\ taraxwdw=s kalli/w ta\ sugkritika\ kai\ u(perqetika/.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ fo
bero\n a)/nqrwpon oi(=on fobou/menon, kai\ e)pi/fobon kai\ peri/fobon kai\
u(pe/rfobon, peridea= katadea=, eu)labh=, deilo/n, o)knhro/n, a)/nandron, a)gennh=.
a)po\ de\ tw=n loipw=n metoxai/ ei)sin a)nt' o)noma/twn: o( ga\r taraxw/dhs
kai\, ei) bia/saito/ tis, qorubw/dhs e)f' e(te/rwn ta/ttetai.
e(te/ras de\
xrei/as fobero\n pra=gma, e)pi/fobon, e)pidee/s, e)kplhktiko/n, frikw=des.
kai\ a)nh\r fobero/s e)pi/fobos, e)pideh/s, e)kplhktiko/s, frikw/dhs: qarra
le/os qarsale/os eu)qarsh/s, gennai=os, a)ndrei=os, a)/oknos, a)ne/kplhktos
a)kata/plhktos, a)deh/s, e)rrwme/nos, eu)/qumos u(pe/rqumos megalo/qumos
qumoeidh/s, i)/ths, eu)/tolmos.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata qa/rros qa/rsos,
a)ndrei/a, gennaio/ths, a)okni/a, a)/deia kai\ a)dee/s, r(w/mh, qumo\s eu)qu
mi/a, to/lma.
qarrei=n qarsei=n, a)ndri/zesqai, e)rrw=sqai u(pererrw=sqai,
u(perqumou=sqai, tolma=n.
qarsale/ws qarrale/ws eu)qarsw=s, a)ndrei/ws,
a)o/knws, a)nekplh/ktws a)kataplh/ktws, gennai/ws gennikw=s, a)dew=s,
e)rrwme/nws u(pererrwme/nws, eu)qu/mws u(pereuqu/mws qumoeidw=s, eu)to/l
mws.
*oi)=mai oi)/omai, h(gou=mai, nomi/zw, u(polamba/nw, e)lpi/zw, topa/zw,
prosdokw=, dokw=, ei)ka/zw, tekmai/romai, u(ponow=, u(popteu/w.
oi)/hsis,
u(po/lhyis, prosdoki/a, ei)kasi/a, e)lpi/s, u(po/noia, u(poyi/a: h( ga\r no/misis
sklhro/tero/n te kai\ a)mfi/bolon, pro\s e(/tera de\ kai\ h( do/khsis: ta\
d' e)k tw=n a)/llwn traxe/a.
e)pirrh/mata d' ou)k e)/stin o(/ti mh\ to\ ei)
ko/tws.
o)/noma d' a)p' ou)deno/s, a)ll' ai( metoxai/.
*khli/s, o)/neidos o)neidismo/s, ai)=sxos ai)sxu/nh, diabolh/, a)ra/,
prosbolh/, prostroph/: tau=ta de\ kai\ e(te/ras e)sti\ xrei/as: o)neidisti
kw=s e)poneidistikw=s e)poneidi/stws, e)paisxw=s: a)po\ de\ tw=n a)/llwn
ou)k e)/stin, ei) mh\ to\ diablhtikw=s, o(/per a)\n ei)/h a)mfi/bolon.
o)neidi/
zein, ai)sxu/nein, diaba/llein: ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n loipw=n e)p' a)/llwn ta/t
tetai.
*)epixai/rein, kataxai/rein, e)fh/desqai, e)pigela=n e)pegge
la=n katagela=n, e)pembai/nein, e)pixleua/zein, kateu/xesqai.
pra=gma
de\ mo/non o( kata/gelws: o( ga\r xleuasmo\s kai\ h( xleuasi/a kai\ to\ dia
su/rein dhloi=, w(/sper kai\ o( xleuastiko\s mhnu/ei to\n geloiasth/n.
o)/noma
de\ mo/non a)po\ tw=n r(hqe/ntwn o( e)pixaire/kakos: e)pi\ de\ tw=n a)/llwn
metoxai=s xrhste/on.
e)pi/rrhma de\ mo/non to\ katagelastikw=s.
*sunh/desqai de\ kai\ sugxai/rein: to\ ga\r u(perh/desqai kai\ sun
eufrai/nesqai kai\ a)/lla dhloi=.
h( me/ntoi e)pi\ tw=| sunh/desqai qusi/a
eu)agge/lia, w(/sper kai\ h( e)pi\ tw=| h(/desqai.
to\ d' e)nanti/on suna/xqe
sqai kai\ sunalgei=n: to\ ga\r sullupei=sqai eu)tele/s, to\ de\ sunania=sqai
e(te/ras e)sti\ xrei/as.
prosh/koi d' a)\n i)/sws tw=| suna/xqesqai kai\ to\
e)pania=sqai.
e)peu/xesqai, suneu/xesqai ta\ a)gaqa/.
to\ d' e)nanti/on e)pa
ra=sqai katara=sqai: plh\n kai\ e)pi\ tou/tou to\ e)peu/xesqai kai\ kat
eu/xesqai ta/ttetai.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata e)pa/ratos kata/ratos tris
kata/ratos, kai\ to\ pra=gma e)p' e)kei/nou me\n eu)xh/, e)pi\ tou/tou d'
a)ra/.
ta/xa de\ tw=| e)para/tw| prosh/koi a)\n kai\ o( e)ca/gistos, e)cw/lhs
prow/lhs panw/lhs.
to\ me/ntoi e)parasame/nous a)nalu/ein th\n a)ra\n
a)nara/sasqai le/gousin: biaio/teron ga\r to\ a)neu/casqai.
o( me\n ou)=n
e)parw/menos, kai\ w(=| tis e)para=tai, a)rai=os: a(\ de/ tis eu)xo/menos ai)tei=,
eu)ktai=a a)gaqa/, kai\ to\ a)ttikw/teron eu)kta/.
le/gousi de\ kai\ eu)xwli
mai=a.
oi( de\ dai/mones oi( me\n lu/ontes ta\s a)ra\s a)leci/kakoi, a)po
pompai=oi, a)potro/paioi, lu/sioi, fu/cioi, oi( de\ kurou=ntes a)lith/rioi a)li
thriw/deis, prostro/paioi, palamnai=oi.
*fa/rmakon o)le/qrion, dhlhth/rion, qana/simon: ou) ga\r prosi/emai
to\ qanath/simon, i)/sws de\ to\ fqoropoio\n kai\ diafqartiko\n kai\ qana
thfo/ron.
kai\ biaio/teron to\ e)piqa/naton kai\ e)pi/fqoron.
w(s d'
*(/omhros
(a
makon.
oi( de\ kai\ ta\ e)lath/ria fa/rmaka e)pi\ tou/tou ta/ttousin w(s
dia\ kenw/sews a)nairou=nta, w(/sper kai\ to\ a)ko/niton kai\ to\n e(lle/boron:
to\ ga\r kw/neion kata\ yu=cin a)nairei=, w(/sper o( mandrago/ras kata\
karhbari/an: diake/kritai de\ tau=ta me/trw| kai\ a)metri/a|.
ta\ d' e)nan
ti/a fa/rmaka ei)/pois a)\n swth/ria, a)lechth/ria a)leci/kaka a)lecifa/rmaka,
paiw/nia, a)nti/toma, luth/ria, ou)k oi)=da ei) kai\ lu/sia: biaio/teron ga\r
to\ i)a/sima kai\ i)ath/ria.
*plh=res, i)soxeile/s, mesto\n e)pi/meston, e)/mplewn u(pe/rplewn,
u(perxeile/s: to\ de\ mikrw=| e)ndee/steron a)plh/rwton kai\ e)pixeile/s.
bi/
aion ga\r to\ e)pidee/s, i)/sws de\ to\ e)ndee\s kai\ e)llipe/s.
to\ d' ei)s
h(/misu telou=n h(miplh/rwton h(mi/plewn, h(midee/s, h(mi/kenon.
*kwlu/mata, e)mpodi/smata e)mpo/dia, e)nantiw/mata, e)nanti/a e)m
podw/n, fra/gmata, e(/rgmata, pro/boloi, oi(=s fhsi\n o( r(h/twr
(
mosth viii 61 x 63e)rei=s ou)=n
e)mpodi/sas, u(poskeli/sas, e)nantiwqei/s, e)mpodw\n sta/s, e)mpodw\n kata
sta/s, e)mpodw\n geno/menos, e)pisxw/n, kwlu/sas, a)ntilabo/menos, diaga
gw/n, a)ntisxo/menos, katasxw/n, braduth=ta e)neirgasme/nos.
*bla/bh bla/bos bla/mma, a)pw/leia, zhmi/a zhmiw=des, e)piblabe/s,
e)pizh/mion, blaberw=s e)piblabw=s, e)pizhmi/ws, blabero\s e)piblabh/s,
zhmiw/dhs e)pizh/mios, bla/yai, zhmiw=sai.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a o)/felos w)fe/
leia w)fe/lhma, ke/rdos kerdale/on e)pikerde/s, e)mpo/lhma, e(/rmaion, eu(/
rhma, eu)ermi/a, ta/xa kai\ qhsauro/s.
w)feli/mws, e)pwfelw=s,
kerdale/ws e)pikerdw=s, w)felei=sqai, kerdai/nein, e)mpola=n, eu)ermei=n.
e(te/ras de\ xrei/as w)fe/limon, xreiw=des, xrhsto/n pa/gxrhston, a)nag
kai=on, xrh/simon, e)pith/deion, e)pikerde/s, e)pwfele/s, lusitele/s,
sumfe/ron su/mforon, prou/rgou, o)nh/simon: to\ ga\r o)nhsifo/ron mo
xqhro/n.
a)po\ de\ tou/twn h( o)/nhsis kai\ to\ sunoi=son, h( xrei/a, h( w)fe/
leia, to\ ke/rdos: fau=lon ga\r h( lusite/leia.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a a)xrei=on,
a)/xrhston, blabero/n, e)piblabe/s, zhmiw=des, a)su/mforon, a)lusitele/s,
a)nwfele/s, a)no/nhton, a)nepith/deion.
*)aspasmo/s, pro/srhsis, proshgori/a, prosago/reusis.
prosa
goreu=sai kai\ prosrhqh=nai, a)spa/zesqai, proseipei=n, prosagoreuqh=
nai, proseirh=sqai proseirhme/nos.
kai\ a)ntiproseipei=n kai\ a)ntipros
agoreu=sai kai\ a)ntaspa/zesqai.
kai\ h( me\n h(me/ra e)n h(=| gi/netai a)spa
smo\s prosrhtai/a kai\ pro/srhma, e)n h(=| de\ mh\ gi/netai, a)pro/srhtos.
kai\
o( me\n decio\s e)n tou/tois eu)prosh/goros kai\ filoprosh/goros_
to\ ga\r eu)pro/srhtos sklhro/teron_, e)farmo/ttoi d' a)\n tou/tw| kat'
a)/llhn xrei/an o( eu)pro/sodos, eu)pro/sitos, eu)e/nteuktos, eu)epi/miktos,
eu)cu/mbolos, meili/xios, i(/lews, fila/nqrwpos, h(/meros, eu)menh/s, pra=os,
a)neci/kakos: o( d' e)nanti/os e)kei/nw| me\n dusprosh/goros misopro
sh/goros_to\ ga\r duspro/srhtos traxu/, be/ltion de\ to\ a)pro/srh
tos_toi=s d' e)fech=s duspro/sitos duspro/sodos, a)/miktos du/smi
ktos, duscu/mbolos, duse/nteuktos, skuqrwpo/s, skaio/s, a)/grios, a)r
gale/os, sklhro/s, traxu/s, a)pa/nqrwpos, a)nh/meros, dusmenh/s: o( ga\r
a)mei/liktos poihtikw/teron.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata e)k me\n tou= eu)pros
h/goros eu)proshgo/rws kai\ filoproshgo/rws, kai\ ta)nanti/a
dusproshgo/rws kai\ misoproshgo/rws, e)k ga\r tou= eu)pro/sitos eu)
prosi/tws: to\ ga\r eu)proso/dws sklhro/n, kai\ eu)enteu/ktws, a)mei/nw de\
to\ eu)epimi/ktws, eu)cumbo/lws, eu)menw=s, filanqrw/pws, pra/ws, h(me/rws.
a)po\ de\ tou= e)nanti/ou dusprosi/tws, a)mi/ktws dusmi/ktws a)prosmi/ktws
a)nepimi/ktws, a)sumbo/lws, skuqrwpw=s, a)gri/ws, skaiw=s, a)rgale/ws,
dusmenw=s, sklhrw=s, traxe/ws, a)panqrw/pws.
*eu)ergetei=n, eu)= poiei=n, xari/zesqai, dwrei=sqai, dido/nai xa/rin,
ei)sfe/rein, prosepeisfe/rein.
eu)ergesi/a, xa/ris, dwrea/: to\ ga\r
eu)poii/a ou) li/an ke/kritai, filodwri/an d' ou)/pw para\ toi=s ke
krime/nois eu(=ron.
o)no/mata d' eu)erge/ths eu)ergetiko/s, ou) ga\r kai\
eu)poihtiko/s, filo/dwros de\ kai\ eu)xa/ristos: e)pi\ ga\r tou/tou ta/ttetai
tou)/noma, kai\ to\ eu)xaristei=n e)pi\ tou= dido/nai xa/rin, ou)k e)pi\ tou= ei)de/
nai.
o( me\n ou)=n a)posterw=n xa/rin a)/xaris kai\ a)xa/ristos a)\n
r(hqei/h, a)pa/nqrwpos, a)nai/sqhtos, a)/dikos, a)gnw/mwn, a)mnh/mwn,
e)pilh/smwn, e)/noxos toi=s th=s a)xaristi/as e)pitimi/ois: kai\ to\ pra=gma
a)naisqhsi/a, a)xaristi/a, a)diki/a, a)gnwmosu/nh kai\ w(s *)antifw=n
(
`155 bl
a)di/kws, a)gnwmo/nws, e)pilhsmo/nws.
to\ de\ di/kaion ei)=nai peri\ tou\s
eu)erge/tas ei)de/nai xa/rin, gignw/skein, e)pi/stasqai, xa/rin e)/xein w(s
*(uperei/dhs
(
a)nteisfe/rein, a)nteupoiei=n, a)nteuergetei=n, a)ntepimetrei=n, a)ntepi
melei=sqai, a)ntikh/desqai, a)ntixari/zesqai, a)ntwfelei=n, a)nteunoei=n, a)n
tifilei=n, a)ntifilotimei=sqai.
*sumbo/laion, suna/llagma, koinw/nhma koinwni/a, e)pallagh/:
i)diwtw=n ga\r to\ sunallagh/.
sunalla/cai, sumbalei=n, koinwnh=sai.
eu)su/mbolos, a)ciokoinw/nhtos, a)su/mbolos dussu/mbolos, a)koinw/nhtos
duskoinw/nhtos.
*)/empeiros, e)pisth/mwn, e)qa/s, tri/bwn, tetrimme/nos peri\ tau=ta,
e)ntribh/s: to\ ga\r peri/trimma loidori/a, o( d' ei)dh/mwn i)diwtiko/n, o(
d' i)/dmwn poihtiko/n.
be/ltion de\ to\ ei)dw\s tw=| pra/gmati xrh=sqai,
dia\ pei/ras h(/kwn, dia\ pei/ras e)/xwn, e)n pei/ra| gegenhme/nos.
ta\ de\
pra/gmata pei=ra e)mpeiri/a, e)pisth/mh, e)/qos, tribh/, kai\ ta\ r(h/mata
pepeira=sqai, e)pi/stasqai, ei)de/nai, tetri=fqai e)ntetri=fqai, ei)qi/sqai, kai\
ta\ e)pirrh/mata e)mpei/rws, e)pisthmo/nws, ei)qisme/nws, e)ntetrimme/nws,
e)ntrexw=s, ta/xa kai\ ei)do/tws: *(/omhros
(*h
me/nws le/gei.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a a)/peiros, a)nepisth/mwn, a)h/qhs, a)tri
bh/s, a)maqh/s, a)/triptos pro\s tau=ta, a)gnow=n: *)antifw=n
(
de\ kai\ a)gnw/mwn le/gei.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata a)peiri/a, a)nepisthmosu/nh,
a)h/qeia, a)maqi/a, a)/gnoia, a)gnwmosu/nh.
r(h/mata d' ou)k e)/stin e)c au)
tw=n, plh\n a)gnoei=n kai\ a)gnwmonei=n: to\ ga\r a)hqei=n sklhro/n, w(/sper
to\ a)hqe/ssein poihtiko/n
(
e)pirrh/mata d' a)pei/rws, a)nepisthmo/nws, a)tribw=s, a)hqw=s, a)maqw=s:
to\ d' a)gnw/stws kai\ a)gnwmo/nws koina\ kai\ pro\s e(/tera.
*siwpa=n a)po/rrhta, siga=n, kru/ptein sugkru/ptein katakru/ptein
a)pokru/ptein e)pikru/ptesqai, threi=n, sumfula/ttein, sumpra/ttein,
a)fqegktei=n, suskia/zein, ste/gein.
kai\ ta\ o)no/mata siwphlo/s, sighlo/s,
fulaktiko/s, a)/fqoggos, stektiko\s stegano/s.
metoxai\ d' a)po\ pa/n
twn.
kai\ ta\ a)po/rrhta, ta\ siwpw/mena, ta\ sigw/mena, ta\ krupta/,
ta\ krupto/mena, ta\ a)/rrhta, ta\ siwph=s a)/cia, ta\ a)/fqegkta, ta\
a)ne/kfora, ta\ lanqa/nonta, ta\ suskiazo/mena, ta\ stego/mena.
kai\ siw
phlw=s, sighlw=s, fulaktikw=s, a)fqegkti/, stektikw=s steganw=s.
to\
d' e)nanti/on e)klalei=n, e)cagoreu/ein, e)kfai/nein, e)kle/gein, e)kfe/rein
diafe/rein, e)/kfora poiei=n, e)/kpusta, e)/kfanta.
a)f' w(=n o)no/mata
me\n ou)k e)/stin ei) mh\ a)/ra o( la/los, ou)d' e)pi/rrhma, pra=gma de\ mo/non
e)cago/reusis: sklhro\n ga\r h( e)kla/lhsis.
*proi/+sxesqai, protei/nein, prokalei=sqai, protei/nesqai, pro
ba/llesqai a)ciou=n.
pra=gma d' ou)k e)/sti tou/twn i)/dion o(/ti mh\ pro/
klhsis: ta/xa de\ kai\ a)ci/wsis.
ou)d' e)pi/rrhma, ou)d' o)/noma, a)lla\ me
toxai/, protei/nwn proteino/menos, proi+sxo/menos, proballo/menos,
a)ciw=n, prokalou/menos.
*gra/mmata e)n sth/lais e)ggegramme/na, e)gkexaragme/na, e)gke
kolamme/na, e)nseshmasme/na, e)ntetupwme/na, e)gkei/mena, e)napokei/mena
e)gkatakei/mena, e)mpepoihme/na, e)neirgasme/na, e)no/nta, e)ggeglumme/na.
kai\ e)ggra/yas, e)gxara/cas, e)gkola/yas, e)nshmhna/menos, e)gko/yas, e)g
glu/yas, e)nqei/s, e)nergasa/menos, e)gkataqe/menos, e)mpoih/sas, e)ntupw/
sas e)ntupwsa/menos, koila/nas, baqu/nas.
kai\ ta\ me\n u(pe/rgeia, e)pi
fanh=, e)/kdhla pro/dhla e)pi/dhla, e)pi/shma, qeata/ eu)qe/ata_to\ ga\r
eu)/shma eu)tele/s_ta\ d' u(po/geia, a)fanh=, a)/dhla, ta\ de\ xro/nia,
a)rxai=a panarxai=a, palaia/ pampa/laia, a)/shma, a)safh=, sugke
xume/na, a)mudra/, a)maura/, e)ci/thla, a)qe/ata dusqe/ata, du/sgnwsta a)/gnw
sta, dusgnw/rista a)gnw/rista, a)te/kmarta, duso/rata a)no/rata
a)dio/rata, katerruhko/ta e)cerruhko/ta dierruhko/ta, dussu/mbola
a)cu/mbola, dusei/kasta, u(/popta a)nu/popta.
*diakorh/s ei)mi au)tou=, u(perkorh/s katakorh/s, ei)s ko/ron h)=lqon,
dia/koro/s ei)mi, kata/koros, pe/ra ko/rou proelh/luqa, plh/rhs ei)mi/,
mesto/s, e)/mplews u(pe/rplews a)na/plews kata/plew/s ei)mi, e)m
pe/plhsmai, keko/resmai, diako/rws e)/xw, katako/rws u(perko/rws, e)n
plhsmonh=| ei)mi/, prosi/statai/ moi.
*)anamfi/bolon, a)namfi/logon a)namfi/lekton, a)nanti/lekton,
be/baion, a)nendoi/aston, a)namfisbh/thton, a)nanti/rrhton, pa/gion.
kai\
ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)namfilo/gws, a)namfibo/lws, a)namfile/ktws
a)nantile/ktws, bebai/ws, a)nendoia/stws, a)namfisbhth/tws, a)nantirrh/
tws, pagi/ws.
kai\ le/goit' a)\n e)pi\ tou/tou oi)=da, eu)= oi)=da, e)pi/stamai,
pei/qomai pe/peismai u(perpe/peismai, pepi/steuka, diegguw=mai, diabe
baiou=mai, diisxuri/zomai, diori/zomai, diatei/nomai, dihkribwsa/mhn, e)pi
stwsa/mhn, a)kribologou=mai: to\ ga\r a)kriba/zw a)peiro/kalon.
a)po\ de\
tou= e)nanti/ou pra=gma me/n e)sti to\ a)mfi/bolon, a)page\s kai\ a)be/
baion, kai\ "o(/ros ou)k a)nti/lektos" para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
kaq' e(/teron sxh=ma a)ntilogi/a kai\ e)ndoiasmo\s kai\ a)mfisbh/thsis: ou)
ga\r kai\ a)nti/rrhsis.
e)pi/rrhma de\ mo/non to\ a)mfibo/lws.
r(h/mata d'
a)mfiba/llw, a)pistw=, u(popteu/w, e)ndoia/zw, a)mfignow=, a)ntile/gw,
a)mfisbhtw=, diaporw=, ei)ka/zw, tekmai/romai, u(forw=mai, u(ponow=, di
sta/zw w(s *pla/twn
(
*(ermhneu\s kai\ e(rmhneuth/s, glw=ttan sumba/llwn, glw=ttan
u(pokrino/menos, glw/tths u(pokrith/s, glw/tths sumboleu/s, glw/tths
metaboleu/s, glw/tths mhnuth/s, glw/tths a)llotri/as e)pisth/mwn, di/
glwttos di/fwnos, polu/glwttos polu/fwnos.
diamhnu/wn th\n fw
nh/n, e)kmhnu/wn, diagge/llwn, e(rmhneu/wn a)fermhneu/wn, metaba/llwn
metafe/rwn metapla/ttwn, a)fellhni/zwn, diafe/rwn.
ta\ de\ pra/
gmata e(rmhnei/a, mh/nusis, metabolh/, e(rmh/neusis, e)ch/ghsis, meta
fora/ diafora/, u(po/krisis.
*ei)=mi, h(/cw, a)fi/comai, pare/somai paragenh/somai.
a)panth/
somai, e)pa/neimi e)panh/cw: to\ ga\r e)leu/somai *(/omhros
(*z
me\n ei)/rhken, tw=n de\ kataloga/dhn ou)x oi( kekrime/noi.
pra=gma d'
a)/ficis kai\ parousi/a.
ou) mh\n e)pi/rrhma ou)d' o)/noma, a)lla\ metoxai/.
*poiw=, pra/ttw, dioikw= eu)= dioikw= dioikou=mai, diapra/ttomai,
e)rga/zomai e)cerga/zomai, diati/qemai, dioikonomw=, diaxeiri/zw.
dia
xeiri/zomai metaxeiri/zomai.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata poi/hsis, pra=cis,
dioi/khsis, e)rgasi/a, dia/qesis, diaxei/risis metaxei/risis.
ta\ d' o)no/
mata kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata koina\ kai\ pro\s e(/tera.
*)/ison, i)sa/riqmon, i)soplhqe/s, i)sotele/s, i)so/mhkes, i)some/geqes, i)so
me/trhton, i)sosta/sion, i)so/staqmon, i)so/nomon, i)so/timon.
kai\ kat'
a)/llo xrei/as ei)=dos o(/moion, e)oiko/s, a)nti/palon i)so/palon i)sopale/s,
i)sokrate/s, e)na/millon e)fa/millon: to\ ga\r a)gxw/malon, ei) kai\ *qou
kudi/dhs
(
*kle/os, do/ca, fh/mh, o)/noma, eu)fhmi/a polufhmi/a, lampro/ths,
eu)doci/a, eu)doki/mhsis, kai\ a)kmh\ do/chs, eu)qhni/a do/chs, zh=los, eu)/
kleia, mnh/mh.
kai\ eu)kleh/s, e)/ndocos, o)nomasto/s, eu)/docos, eu)do/
kimos, lampro/s, zhlwto/s, e)kfanh/s e)pifanh/s, peri/bleptos, peri
bo/htos diabo/htos, peri/fhmos, a)ei/mnhstos, a)kma/zwn do/ch|, eu)qhnou/
menos, o)no/mati gnw/rimos.
ta\ d' e)pirrh/mata eu)klew=s, e)ndo/cws,
o)nomastw=s, eu)fh/mws, eu)doki/mws, zhlwtw=s, lamprw=s, e)kfanw=s e)pi
fanw=s, perible/ptws, periboh/tws, gnwri/mws.
ta\ de\ r(h/mata eu)
dokimei=n, eu)docei=n, lampru/nesqai, a)kma/zein do/ch|, eu)qhnei=n, diwnoma/
sqai, a)poble/pesqai.
e)k de\ tw=n e)nanti/wn a)/docos, a)kleh/s dus
kleh/s, a)nw/numos, a)fanh/s, a)gnw/ristos a)/gnwstos, a)do/kimos, a)zh/lw
tos: e)pibo/htos de\ kai\ e)pi/rrhtos kai\ e)pi/yogos: kai\ ta\ pra/gmata
a)doci/a kakodoci/a, du/skleia, dusfhmi/a, a)gnwsi/a, kataboh\ w(s *qou
kudi/dhs
(kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)do/cws, a)klew=s dusklew=s,
duswnu/mws a)nwnu/mws, a)fanw=s, dusgnwri/stws a)gnw/stws, a)do
ki/mws, a)zhlw/tws, e)piboh/tws, e)pirrh/tws.
r(h=ma de\ mo/non to\ a)do
cei=n: ta\ de\ loipa\ su\n tw=| ei)=nai r(hte/on, a)nw/numon ei)=nai, a)klea= ei)=nai.
*filopai/kths filopai/gmwn, filopai/smwn, filopai/sths, filo/
gelws, filogeloiasth/s: kai\ e(te/ras ei)=nai xrei/as komyo/s xari/eis stw
mu/los, kai\ a)/llhs filoskw/mmwn eu)skw/mmwn skwptiko/s, twqastiko/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata filopaigmo/nws, geloi/ws, komyw=s, xarie/ntws,
stwmu/lws, filoskwmmo/nws eu)skwmmo/nws skwptikw=s, twqastikw=s.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata filopaigmosu/nh, paidia/, ge/lws, komyei/a, xarien
tismo/s, stwmuli/a, filoskwmmosu/nh eu)skwmmosu/nh skw=mma, twqa
smo/s.
r(h/mata de\ pai/zein, gela=n, geloia/zein, komyeu/esqai, xarien
ti/zesqai, stwmu/llesqai, skw/ptein, twqa/zein.
*)epi\ tou= mhdeno\s a)ci/ou eu)/wnos, ou)dei\s ou)damo/qen, eu)telh/s,
tou= mhdeno\s ti/mios, o(\n pollou= a)/n tis h(gh/saito tou= mhdeno/s, a)ne
miai=os, eu)katafro/nhtos, kata/ptustos a)po/ptustos, ou)de\ tou= tuxo/n
tos a)/cios, ou)de\ tou= prostuxo/ntos, panto\s w)/nios, fqo/ros, ou(= to\
mhde\n timiw/teron, o)/leqros, ka/qarma, peri/trimma, a)perrimme/
nos, e)peuwnisme/nos, a)gnw/ristos a)/shmos, a)nw/numos, a)/docos, a)fa
nh/s, "o(\n oi)wni/sait' a)/n tis," a)/dhlos, a)/poros, kakodai/mwn, a)/qlios,
a)nt' ou)deno/s, a)/timos h)timwme/nos, tapeino/s, du/sthnos a)ndra/podon,
ai)sxu/nh tw=n suno/ntwn, tw=n ei)s au)to\n i)o/ntwn o)/neidos, a)ndrapodw/dhs,
ei)kai=os, surfeto/s, eu)wno/teros tw=n a)pokekhrugme/nwn w)ni/wn, tw=n e)n
tai=s trio/dois kaqarma/twn e)kblhto/teros, kopri/wn e)kblhto/teros,
ei) dei= kaq' *(hra/kleiton
(
teros.
xrh\ d' ou)de\n qauma/zein ei)/ tina toiau=ta o)no/mata e)pi\ plei
o/nwn shmainome/nwn le/gomen.
w(/sper ga\r e)/sti plei/w tau)to\n shmai/
nonta, ou(/tws e)/nia e)pi\ polloi=s ta/ttetai, kaqa/per ei) fai/hs to\n so
fo/n: e)pi\ ga\r muri/wn a)\n ta/ttoito tw=n kata\ sofi/an ti drw/ntwn,
o(/pou ge kai\ te/ktoni sofi/an *(/omhros
(*o o(
de\ baru\s ei)/h a)\n kai\ o( bi/aios kai\ o( a)lazw\n kai\ o( sta/simos, w(/sper
kai\ o( a)po/plhktos o(/ te maino/menos kai\ o( a)no/htos kai\ o( nosw=n.
kai\ polla\ a)\n kai\ tw=n a)/llwn toiau=ta ei)/poi tis e)peciw/n.
*bou/lomai, e)qe/lw qe/lw, proairou=mai, e)pipoqw=, e)piqumw=
u(perepiqumw=, e)fi/emai, e)pei/gomai, o)re/gomai u(perore/gomai, gli/
xomai_to\ ga\r i(mei/rw poihtiko/n_o)rignw=mai, boulome/nw| moi/
e)stin, e)piqumhtikw=s e)/xw: tou=to ga\r mo/non e)pi/rrhma e)/xei, kai\ o)/noma
to\n e)piqumhth/n, ta\ d' a)/lla metoxa/s.
pra/gmata de\ bou/lhsis
proai/resis, e)piqumi/a, o)/recis, e)/fesis, e)/rws: h( ga\r qe/lhsis
i)diw/tou.
ta/xa d' a)\n tou/tois sunta/ttoito e)rw= tou= pra/gmatos, a)m
fisbhtw= u(peramfisbhtw=, me/teimi, metadiw/kw: h( ga\r a)mfisbh/thsis
kai\ e)pidikasi/a kai\ me/qodos e(te/rois ma=llon prosh/kousin, h( de\ meta
di/wcis sklhro/n.
o(/qen kai\ mo/non a)\n ei)/pois e)pi/rrhma to\ e)rwtikw=s.
*ei)/pois d' a)\n e)pi\ tw=n h)/dh gegramme/nwn no/mwn h)\ yhfis
ma/twn ge/graptai, w(/ristai, de/doktai, diw/ristai, te/taktai, kexeiro
to/nhtai, e)pikexeiroto/nhtai, pepi/steutai, dedoki/mastai, e)ch/tastai, ke/
kritai, probebou/leutai bebou/leutai, keku/rwtai e)pikeku/rwtai, neno
moqe/thtai, ei)senh/nektai proeisenh/nektai.
proech/tastai, proke/kritai,
pa/lai kei=tai, pa/lai teth/rhtai, pa/lai pefu/laktai, proei/qistai.
*to\ me\n metri/ws e)/xein ei)/pois a)\n summe/trws, a)poxrw/ntws,
a)rkou/ntws, i(kanw=s, au)ta/rkws, memetrhme/nws: to\ d' a)me/trws e)/xein,
ei) me\n kata\ to\ ple/on, e)kme/trws kai\ u(perme/trws kai\ perittw=s, ei)
de\ kata\ to\ e)/latton, e)ndew=s te kai\ e)llipw=s.
*sustre/yai to\ sw=ma, sunelku/sai, sunagagei=n, sunaqroi=sai, su
stei=lai, suspeira=sai, sugka/myai.
paraplh/sion de/ ti kai\ to\ i)luspa=
sqai noei=.
to\ d' e)nanti/on e)ktei=nai to\ sw=ma, protei=nai ta\ kw=la,
a(plw=sai, xala/sai, diaxe/ai, a)potei=nai, a)pota/dhn.
to\ de\ meta\ xa/smhs
a)potei/nein e(auto\n skordina=sqai le/gousin.
*)ef' w(=n *pla/twn
(
qa/teron, to\ me\n tau)to\n ei)/pois a)\n mo/nimon, be/baion, sta/simon,
a)meta/staton e(sthko/s, a)metaki/nhton, a)ge/nnhton, a)mere/s, a)nafe/s,
a)qa/naton, a)/lhpton, a)/luton, a)nw/leqron, a)i/dion, a)/fqarton,
qei=on, monoeide/s, a)sxhma/tiston, a)nendee/s, a)nellipe/s, a)sw/maton,
a)o/raton, a)xrw/maton, a)eiki/nhton, au)toki/nhton, a)ei/zwon, au)/tarkes
au(tw=|, a)ta/rakton, kaqesthko/s, to\ de\ qa/teron a)be/baion, eu)me
taki/nhton metakinou/menon poluki/nhton, polu/foron, metatrepo/
menon, fero/menon, planw/menon planhto/n, metaplatto/menon me
tarruqmizo/menon, metasxhmatizo/menon, gegono/s, genhto/n, a(pto/n,
qeato/n, meristo/n, fqarto/n, polumige/s, qnhto/n, polusxide/s,
pauo/menon, a)pollu/menon, polusxhma/tiston, pollw=n e)pidee/s, swma
toeide/s, o(rato/n, ai)sqhto/n, poluxrw/maton, metaskeuazo/menon meq
armozo/menon, pollw=n prosdee/s, e)ndee/s, taraxw=des, qoru/bou
mesto/n, e)fh/meron.
*kommo/dw| *kai/sari *)iou/lios *poludeu/khs xai/rein.
ta\ me/n tina tw=n
o)noma/twn w(s kri/nwn e)/graya, ta\ d' w(s mh\ pariei\s e)mh/nusa.
e)ni/ois de\
tw=n a)mfibo/lwn prose/qhka tou\s ma/rturas, i(/na tou\s ei)po/ntas ei)dh=|s,
e)/sti d' o(/pou kai\ to\ xwri/on e)n w(=| tou)/noma, e)pi\ de/ tinwn kai\ th\n le/cin
au)th/n.
ou) mh\n e)pi\ pa/ntwn tau)to\n tou=t' e)peno/hsa, o(/pou mh\ kath/peigen,
i(/na mh\ toi=s bibli/ois peritto\s o)/gkos prosh=|.
e)/rrwso ku/rie.
*)epei\ d' ou)de\ tw=n sumpotikw=n o)noma/twn a)melhte/on, xrh\ le/gein
to\ me\n xwri/on sumpo/sion, a)ndrw=na, sussi/tion, tri/klinon oi)=kon h)\ pen
ta/klinon h)\ deka/klinon, kai\ pasta/da d' a)po\ tou= pa/sasqai, kai\ suna
gw/gion: to\ de\ pra=gma po/ton h)\ sussiti/an h)\ sumposi/an h)\ su/nodon th\n
e)n oi)/nw| h)\ qi/ason h)\ ei)lapi/nhn h)\ e)/ranon h)\ e(sti/asin h)\ a)/riston h)\ dei=
pnon h)\ su/ndeipnon h)\ qoi/nhn h)\ cenismo/n_h( ga\r *qoukudi/dou
(
sussi/tous, sunousiasta/s, qiasw/tas h)\ qiasi/tas, ei)lapinasta/s,
e)ranista/s.
i)di/ws de\ tou\s tw=n qiaswtw=n oi)/kous fwlhth/ria w)no/
mazon.
to\ d' e)/rgon sunagagei=n sumpo/sion, susth=sai, plhrw=sai, sug
kroth=sai, sunaqroi=sai, sugkale/sai.
kai\ "klhqh=nai d' e)pi\ dei=pnon"
h(/te paroimi/a le/gei kai\ *me/nandros
(
(
di/mou," kai\
(
e)/faskon klhqh=nai." ai( de\ dhmo/siai e(stia/seis eu)wxi/ai, qa/leiai, pan
daisi/ai, dhmoqoini/ai, ta/xa de\ kai\ sith/seis.
e)f' w(=n d' e)/sti katakei=sqai, kli=nai klini/des klini/dia, ski/mpodes,
a)ska/ntai, stiba/des, h(miku/klia, klinth/ria, xameu/nia, xameu/nh, to\ de\
kalou/menon a)na/klintron e)pi/klintron *)aristofa/nhs
(
e)/fh, to\ d' e)nh/laton klinth/rion.
ei)=ta fulla/des, pteri/des, po/ai, tulei=a,
kne/fala, proskefa/laia w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(?
) kai\ polloi/.
kai\ poti/
kranon d' oi( kwmikoi\
(
u(phre/sion.
u(pauxe/nion.
a)mfi/tapoi: ei)si\ d' oi( e)c e(kate/rou dasei=s,
w(s ta/phtes oi( e)k qate/rou.
u(pagkw/nia strw/mata, peristrw/mata
u(postrw/mata e)piblh/mata, e)festri/des a)mfiestri/des xlai=nai, e)pibo/
laia da/pides ta/pides yiloda/pides, custi/des xruso/pastoi, w(s
*eu)/boulos
(
tai=s custi/sin tai=s xrusopa/stois sto/rnutai.
to\ d' a)ggei=on e)n w(=| ta\ strw/mata e)nh=n koi/thn w)no/mazon: ta\ d' ei)s
koi/thn strw/mata e)neu/naia le/gousin.
o(/ti de\ kai\ pti/lois ta\ kne/fala
a)neplh/roun, *eu)/boulos e)n *)agxi/sh|
(
pterwta\ kai\ ptilwta\ proskefa/laia o)noma/zousin.
kauna/kas de/ tinas
porfurou=s e)pi\ strwma/twn *me/nandros
(ta\s d'
e)gkoimhthri/as yia/qous xameuni/as w)no/mazon.
o( me\n ou)=n sunista\s to\ sumpo/sion e(stia/twr, e(stiw=n, ceni/zwn,
sumposi/arxos, sumposi/ou a)/rxwn, o( th=s sunousi/as h(gemw/n: o( ga\r oi)ko
de/gmwn tragiko/n
(kai\ a)/llws de\ kalei=tai sumposi/ar
xos o( e)n i)sotelei= tini\ koinwni/a| kata\ klh=ron h)\ kata\ do/gma proaireqei\s
tou= sumposi/ou e)pimelhth/s.
ei)/pois d' a)\n to\n e(stia/tora kai\ e(stiou=xon
kat' *)aristofa/nhn
(oi( de\ sugklhqe/ntes daitumo/nes daitalei=s,
e)pi/klhtoi su/gklhtoi klhtoi/, sumpo/tai, su/ndeipnoi.
a)/klhtoi, ou(\s a)ne
pagge/ltous *krati=nos
(a)su/mboloi, a)po\ sumbolw=n, a)f'
w(=n oi( *)attikoi\ makra\s dido/nai sumbola\s e)/legon a)nti\ tou= mega/las.
kai\ prokli/ths me\n o( th=s e(stia/sews prwtosta/ths, o( de\ parakatakei/
meno/s tini sumpo/ths sugkli/ths parakli/ths: su/gklinon de\ *me/nandros
(o(motra/pezos suntra/pezos, o(mo/sitos su/ssitos, o(mo/
deipnos.
o( de\ fronti/zwn th=s u(phresi/as a(pa/shs trapezopoio/s.
h( d' u(ph
resi/a pai=des, oi)noxo/oi, trapezoko/moi, tomei=s, ma/geiroi, o)yopoioi/, o)yar
tutai/.
kai\ to\ me\n mageirei=on o)ptanei=on, ta\ d' a)rtu/mata h(du/smata.
i(/na d' e)/gkeitai ta\ tw=n h(dusma/twn a)ggei=a, kuye/lh: i(/na de\ ta\ o)/ya,
ki/sth o)yofo/ros h)\ ki/sth deipnofo/ros.
i(/na d' o( oi)=nos, la/gunos, puti/nh, a)sko/s, krath/r, proxoi/dion, ka/dos
kadi/skos krwsso/s bi=kos, w(s *cenofw=n
(
foreu/s a)mfori/skos, stamni/on, a)ggei=on oi)nofo/ron u(a/lou h)\ kera/mou
pepoihme/non, pi/qos h)\ piqa/knh: *(uperei/dhs
(
qa/knion ei)/rhken.
ei) de\ kai\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
oi)/nou, dhloi= me\n h( le/cis tw=| bi/kw| proseoiko\s kera/mion, e)/sti d'
*ai)oliko\n tou)/noma.
ta\s d' a)poqh/kas tou= oi)/nou *cenofw=n
(
me\n oi)nw=nas ei)/rhken, *eu)/polis
(krath=res d' o( me\n
prw=tos *dio\s *)olumpi/ou kai\ *)olumpi/wn qew=n, o( de\ deu/teros h(rw/wn,
o( de\ tri/tos *dio\s swth=ros telei/ou, o(/ti kai\ ta\ tri/a prw=tos te/leios
a)riqmo/s.
kai\ o( me\n oi)=nos po/ma kai\ pw=ma kai\ poto/n, h(du/s, e)pagw
go/s, gluku/s, au)sthro/s, melihdh/s, a)nqosmi/as, *qa/sios, *xi=os kai\ o( tou/
tou a)/ristos *)ariou/sios, *mendai=os, *mendh/sios, *)ismariko/s, *le/sbios,
*peparh/qios, *xalubw/nios, *pra/mneios, *marwnei/ths: ou)/pw ga\r oi(
palaioi\ to\n *)italiw/thn h)/|desan a)kribw=s, e)pei\ ou)k e)/stin o(/ntina a)\n
tou/tou prou/qesan.
kai/ pou gluku\s kai\ *po/llios: e)/sti me\n e)k *surakou
sw=n, *po/llis d' au)to\n o( *)argei=os prw=tos e)peskeu/asen, a)f' ou(= kai\ tou)/
noma, h)\ a)po\ tou= *surakousi/wn basile/ws *po/llidos, w(s *)aristote/lhs
(kai\ si/raion d' e)ka/loun to\n e)k gleu/kous h(yhme/non
gluku/n, kai\ *qh/raion to\n e)k *krh/ths.
h)=n de/ tis kai\ muri/nhs oi)=nos,
mu/rw| kekrame/nos: oi( de\ to\n gluku\n ou(/tws oi)/ontai keklh=sqai.
kai\ me
li/kraton de/, to\ nu=n oi)no/meli.
h)= pou de\ kai\ to\ nu=n e(/yhma o)noma
zo/menon, o(/per e)sti\n oi)=nos e)chyhme/nos ei)s gluku/thta: kai\ tou=t' a)/n tis
oi)/oito ei)rhme/non e)n th=| tou= *pla/twnos tou= kwmikou= *summaxi/a|,
(
to\ ga\r e(/yhma/ sou
geuo/menos e)/laqon e)krofh/sas.
kai\ pro/tropos d' h)=n tis oi)=nos, o( pri\n a)poqli/besqai e)kruei/s.
o( de\
fau=los oi)=nos deuteri/as, e)cesthkw/s, e)ntropi/as o)ci/nhs o)cw/dhs: o(
me/ntoi deuteri/as kai\ trughfa/nios e)kalei=to.
to\n d' oi)=non kai\ tru/ga
e)ka/loun w(s *krati=nos e)n *(/wrais
(
a)ll' h)=n o(/t' e)n fw/swni th\n i)/shn e)/xwn
met' e)mou= dih=ges, oi)/naron e(/lkwn th=s trugo/s.
au)ti/ths d' oi)=nos o( e)pixw/rios, sakki/as d' o( diulisme/nos kai\ sakto\s
par' *eu)po/lidi
(to\ de\ tri=mma po/ma h)=n met' a)rwma/twn para\
toi=s ne/ois kwmikoi=s
(e)ph/|noun d' oi)=non to\n tri/a
fe/ronta, toute/stin u(/datos to\ triplou=n: *(/omhros
(
e(\n de/pas e)mplh/sas u(/datos d' a)na\ ei)/kosi me/tra.
o(/tw| d' o( oi)=nos a)ru/etai, a)rusth/r a)ru/stixos, e)/fhbos, oi)nh/rusis,
kotu/lh, lepasth/, oi)noxo/h, ku/aqos, o(/tw| de\ dihqei=tai, u(listh\r kai\
sa/kkos kai\ tru/goipos.
kai\ si/fwna me/n, o(/tw| e)geu/onto, *(ippw=nac
ei)/rhken,
(
si/fwni leptw=| to\ e)pi/qhma tetrh/nas,
sifwni/zein d' *)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ a)po\ me\n tou= pi/nein po/ths sumpo/ths, potiko\s poti/statos,
sumpotiko/s sumpotikw/tatos, kai\ po/tis gunh\ para\ *fruni/xw| tw=| kw
mikw=|
(propi/nein diapi/nein, diamilla=sqai e)n po/tw|, e)kpi/nein
u(popi/nein_o(\ kai\ u(poyaka/zein le/gousi_filopotei=n, katapi/nein:
h)/dh de\ tou=to kai\ e)pi\ trofh=s e)/nioi le/gousin, *ai)sxi/nhs
(
kai\ th\n ou)si/an e)/fh kate/pien.
kai\ lu/xnon de\ po/thn *)aristofa/nhs
(
e)/fh.
filopo/ths de\ kai\, a)kratopo/ths a)kratopw/ths, u(dropo/ths,
u(dropw/ths, filoposi/a, a)kratoposi/a a)kratopwsi/a, u(droposi/a
u(dropwsi/a, farmakoposi/a.
a)po\ tou= piei=n sumpiei=n e)kpiei=n a)kra
topotei=n u(dropotei=n kleyipotei=n.
metriopoti/statos: to\ ga\r
a(plou=n o( metriopo/ths eu)tele/s.
galaktopo/tai galaktoposi/a: ei)/pois
d' a)\n kai\ sumpotika\s tu/xas.
potikw=s sumpotikw=s.
a)po\ d' oi)/nou e)rei=s fi/loinos filoini/a, kai\ pa/roinos pa
roini/a paroi/nws paroinh=sai.
e)/coinos, ou) me/ntoi kai\ e)coini/a ou)de\
e)coi/nws, i)/sws d' e)coinh=sai, diw|nwme/nos de\ kai\ katw|nwme/nos w(s
*pla/twn
(
nos, kai\ oi)no/fluc oi)noflugi/a oi)noflugei=n, kai\ oi)noma/xlh.
a)po\
d' oi)/nou kai\ oi)na/nqai ai( a)/mpeloi kai\ oi)/nara ta\ fu/lla, kai\ oi)no/pths
o( to\n oi)=non e)pible/pwn: ou(=tos de\ kai\ lu/xnous kai\ qrualli/das par
ei=xe, kai\ th\n e)c i)/sou po/sin e)few/ra.
kai\ oi)nopo/ths, kai\ oi)nopo/tis
gunh\ w(s *)anakre/wn ei)=pen
(
(kai\ poluoino/taton xwri/on
w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
`4. 6
nwn deinw=s poihtiko/n
(h( d' oi)nisth/ria oi)/nou do/sis
u(pe\r tw=n pai/dwn e)n toi=s fra/tersin.
oi)nia\s de\ kai\ oi)na\s h( a)gri/a
peristera/, kai\ oi)nou=tta ma=za h( oi)/nw| dedeume/nh.
kai\ oi)nagwgo\n
ploi=on para\ *krati/nw|
(
(
ou)d' o)cu/bafon oi)nhro\n e)pikekth/setai.
kai\ *ai)sxu/los
(
mh/pote krwssou/s
mh/t' oi)nhrou\s mh/q' u(dathrou/s
lipei=n a)fneoi=si do/moisin.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n e)pane/plei to\ poto\n kai\ e)panh/|ei.
kai\ a)/kratos oi)=nos,
a)migh\s pro\s u(/dwr, a)/miktos.
a)/kraton spa/sai.
kekrame/nos, eu)/kratos
eu)/kras eu)krah/s, eu)ke/rastos.
au)to/kras o( mhdemia=s prosqh/khs deo/
menos, kai\ au)toke/ras kai\ au)to/kraton: kai\ neo/kraton kai\ neo/kras
o( newsti\ kekrame/nos.
kai\ a)krato/teros, kai\ w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
ble)/sti de\ kai\ to\ a)krati/sasqai para\ toi=s palaioi=s,
w(s par' *)aristofa/nei
(
ti/ to\ kako/n; a)ll' h)= kokku/mhl' h)krati/sw;
kai\ kera/sasqai mi/casqai sugkera/sasqai.
kai\ kerannu/nai kai\ e)kera/nnuto:
to\ ga\r e)ki/rna kai\ kirna/nai poihtikw/teron
(
kai\ o( kirna/s: oi( de\ pezoi\ le/gousi kerannu/s.
a)kratopo/ths te *(hro/dotos
(
e)painw= tou)/noma.
o(\ me/ntoi a)nagargari/sasqai oi( nu=n le/gousin,
a)nakogxuli/sasqai e)/legon, to\ a)naklu/sasqai th\n fa/rugga: *pla/twn d'
o( kwmiko\s fhsi\n:
(
a)nakogxuliasto\n e)xqodopo/n ti skeua/sw.
a)musti\ pi/nein, a)musti/zein, xando\n pi/nein.
*qra|ki/a pro/posis, *skuqikh\
po/sis.
u(pobebre/xqai, diaqermai/nesqai, sesei=sqai.
me/qh mequ/ein mequ/
skesqai mequstiko/s, h( de\ gunh\ mequ/sh, kai\ mequ/stria para\ *qeopo/mpw|
tw=| kwmikw=|
(
dedo/sqw.
e)pi\ de\ tw=n mequo/ntwn e)/legon to\ masxa/lhn ai)/rein, w(s tou=to
e)/qos o)\n toi=s e)n me/qh|: dio\ kai\ *(/omhron
(s
tes ge/lw| e)/kqanon." kraipa/lh kraipala=n, e(wlokrasi/a.
nh/fein, nhfa
li/ws e)/xein, nhfantiko\n ei)=nai: to\ ga\r nhfalieu/ein to\ nhfa/lia qu/ein
e)/legon, o(/per e)sti\ to\ xrh=sqai qusi/ais a)oi/nois, w(=n ta\s e)nanti/as qusi/as
oi)nospo/ndous w)no/mazon.
e)/pinon de/, w(s oi( nu=n, to\ sune/pinon kai\ po
tou\s, e)poiou=nto *cenofw=n
(
non kai\ hu)lou=nto." *krati=nos
(
ou)/ pw/ pion tosou=ton ou)de\ pi/omai
ma/rwna.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n e(stia/twr lampro/s, megalopreph/s, filo/cenos, eu)/
cenos dhmotiko/s, eu)tra/pezos, kaqareio/thti xai/rwn_o( ga\r kaqa/reios
i)diwtiko/n, kai/toi to\ kaqarei/ws para\ *cenofw=nti
(
rhtai_dihkribwme/nos, eu)di/aitos, megalo/frwn, filofrosu/nhs ge/
mwn, eu)a/rmostos, filoprosh/goros, panhguriko\s to\ h)=qos, a(bro/bios
a(brodi/aitos._tou\s d' e)nanti/ous trusibi/ous w)no/mazon, kakobi/ous,
mikroprepei=s, a)neleuqe/rous.
peri\ de\ sumpo/tou decio/s, sumpotiko\s, a)stei=os, e)pieikh/s, eu)ar
mo/nios, e)pide/cios, e)mmelh/s, eu)/miktos eu)epi/miktos, a)ciokoinw/nhtos koi
nwniko/s, sunousiastiko/s, e)comologhtiko/s, faidro/s, spoudai=os.
i(/lews,
eu)menh/s filo/gelws, filopai/gmwn kai\ filopai/smwn, filo/frwn,
au)ta/rkhs o)ligodeh/s, o)ligo/sitos, nh/fwn, metrio/sitos.
o( d' e)nanti/os
skaio/s, e)kmelh/s, a)/groikos, a)/miktos, ei)/rwn, a)lazw/n, u(peroptiko/s, u(pe/r
frwn, baru/s, fortiko/s, e)paxqh/s, kompasth/s kompw/dhs, perispou/
dastos peri/spoudos u(pe/rspoudos katespoudasme/nos, e)piskuqrw
pa/zwn, peplasme/nos katapeplasme/nos, sxhmatopoiou/menos, filo
skw/mmwn, geloiasth/s twqasth/s twqastiko/s, kagxasth/s, a)/plhstos,
surfetw/dhs, xau=nus, pa/roinos e)/coinos, u(gro/s, sfalero/s, duso/rghtos,
mequ/wn, kraipalw=n, para/foros, la/los, lh=ros, flu/aros, kulikhgorw=n.
e)/sti d' a)po\ oi)/nou spondh/, spei=sai a)pospei=sai e)pispei=sai,
a)po/spondos a)/spondos e)/nspondos o(mo/spondos h(mi/spondos
e)nspondo/tatos a)spondo/tatos, spondw=n kai\ krath/rwn metasxw/n,
para/spondos paraspondei=n, sponda\s a)nairei=n.
pro/posis, filoth
si/a.
spondarxei=n to\ propi/nein filothsi/as.
ta\s ku/likas e)n ku/klw|
perielau/nein, pukno\n u(poyeka/zein.
kai\ po/tos metado/rpios, kai\ ku/lic
metaniptri\s h( e)pi\ pa=sin: ei)/pois d' a)\n th\n au)th\n kai\ e)piniptri/da.
e)pikwqwni/zesqai de\ to\ peraite/rw pi/nein *kriti/as
(
le/gei.
kai\ o( me\n piei=n e)piqumw=n diyale/os kai\ diyw=n, kai\ to\
pra=gma di/ya kai\ di/yos, kai\ to\ r(h=ma diyh=n: o( de\ fagei=n e)qe/lwn
peinw=n, kai\ to\ pra=gma pei/nh, kai\ to\ r(h=ma peinh=n.
*pla/twn d' o(
kwmiko\s
(
kai\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
to\n *peiraia= mh\ kenaggi/an a)/gein.
*(h de\ trofh\ a)/rtoi kre/a, a)/lfita ma=za, o)/ya, si=ta siti/a, e)de/
smata, brw/mata.
kai\ a)po\ me\n trofh=s qre/yai trafh=nai, trofeu/s,
eu)/trofos e)/ntrofos su/ntrofos, trofo/s tro/fimos, paratre/fesqai
suntre/fesqai a)potre/fesqai u(potre/fesqai.
a)po\ d' a)/rtou a)r
topoio/s a)rtoko/pos, kanou=n a)rtofo/ron, a)rtositei=n.
a)/rtoi zumh=tes
zumi=tai kai\ a)/zumoi: *pla/twn
(
ke/xrhtai, ou)k e)pi\ a)/rtou me/n, ke/xrhtai d' ou)=n.
a)/rtoi o)beli/ai, a)/rtoi
kribani=tai, a)/rtoi kaxrudi/ai, a)/rtoi a)puri=tai.
tw=n d' a)/rtwn oi( ywmoi\
kalou=ntai e)nqe/seis.
kai\ to\ ywmi/zein d' a)po\ tw=n ywmw=n, w(s *)ari
stofa/nhs fhsi/n
(
h( mh\n paidi/on
kate/klinen, h( d' e)/lousen, h( d' e)yw/misen.
a)po\ de\ krew=n, h)\ w(s *cenofw=n
(
fa/gos krewfagi/a, kreanomi/a, krewsitei=n, krewpw=lai krewpwlei=n.
h(/mera kre/a, qh/reia kre/a su/eia, xoi/reia, o)rni/qeia, polupo/deia,
perdi/keia, lagw=a.
sxeli/des lagww=n, tema/xia krew=n.
krewdai/ths
d' o( diate/mnwn, o(\n kai\ ma/geiron kai\ a)/rtamon e)/nioi kalou=sin: e)/sti
de\ kai\ para\ *lakedaimoni/ois a)rxh/ tis o( krewdai/ths.
a)po\ de\ siti/wn si=ta siti/a, sitei=sqai sitou/menos si/thsis, sith
re/sion kako/sitos a)po/sitos filo/sitos a)/sitos eu)/sitos, sitofa/gos,
sitiko/s, polu/sitos o)ligo/sitos metrio/sitos, su/ssitos sussitei=n, a)ei/sitos,
e)pi/sitis e)pisitismo/s, parasitei=n kai\ para\ toi=s newte/rois para/sitos
e)/sti de\ kai\ para\ toi=s palaioi=s tou)/noma, ou) mh\n e)f' ou(= nu=n, a)ll'
i(era=s u(phresi/as tou)/noma, o( e)pi\ th\n tou= i(erou= si/tou e)klogh\n ai(rou/
menos: kai\ a)rxei=o/n ti *)aqh/nhsi parasi/tion kalou/menon, w(s e)n tw=| no/mw|
tou= basile/ws e)/stin eu(rei=n.
e)pi\ me/ntoi tou= parasitei=n kata\ lixnei/an
h)\ kolakei/an prw=tos *)epi/xarmos
(
ei)=ta *)/alecis
(*(/omhros
(
e)pei/ oi( e(tai=ros e)/hn fi/los ei)lapinasth/s.
kakositi/a, a)positi/a, spanositi/a, a)siti/a, sussiti/a, sussi/tion, oi)kositi/a
oi)ko/sitos sitodotei=n, sitodo/kh siti/zein.
pai=das siteutou\s *ceno
fw=n
(a)posussitei=n.
sitome/trhs ga\r kai\ sitagwga\
ploi=a kai\ sithgou=ntes kai\ sitofu/lakes kai\ ta\ toiau=ta ou)k a)po\ siti/wn
a)ll' a)po\ si/tou w)no/mastai, w(s kai\ to\ e)sitou=nto para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(?
).
kai\ sithre/sion, kai\ sitodei/a.
a)po\ d' a)lfi/twn a)lfitositei=n, a)lfitopoii/a, a)lfi/tia w(s *(uper
ei/dhs
(
lhth/ria, kai\ gunh\ a)fitopwlh/tria.
a)po\ d' o)/ywn o)ywnei=n,
o)yofa/gos o)yofagei=n, o)yofagi/statos katoyofagei=n, o)yofagi/a
w(s *ai)sxi/nhs
(
blkai\ to/pos *)aqh/nhsin,
a)f' ou(= fasi\n "a)ph=lqon ei)s tou)=yon." *kriti/as de\
(
o)ywni/as kai\ o)ywnei=n e)/fh, to\ de\ o)ywnei=n kai\ o)yonomei=n w)no/masen
*qougeni/dhs d' e)/fh
(
h)/|thsen ei)s o)yw/nion triw/bolon.
pampo/nhron d' o( *mena/ndrou
(
*)/alecis
(
p 405. 316
a)po\ d' e)desma/twn e)/dein e)/desqai e)do/menos e)do/meqa, o)do/ntes:
a)po\ tou/tou ga\r pepoi/hntai, oi(=on e)/donte/s tines, oi( o)do/ntes.
qriphde/staton, katedh/desto, ta\ patrw=|a katedhdokw/s.
a)po\ de\
brwma/twn bibrw/skein diabibrw/skein katabibrw/skein, brwtikw/teron.
xh=nas h(mibrw/tous fhsi\ *cenofw=n
(
bla)/brwtos
d' o( nh=stis para\ *sofoklei=,
(koino\n
de\ kata\ pa/ntwn e)sqi/ein, fagei=n, fagw/n katafagw/n, e)sqi/wn kate
sqi/wn, e)pifagei=n_ou(/tw d' e)/legon to\ e)pi\ tw=| a)/rtw| o)/yon e)pe
sqi/ein_e)ce/fagen.
*metage/nhs
(
gei=n pou le/gei.
pampo/nhron de\ kai\ to\ para\ *murti/lw| tw=|
kwmikw=|
(
au)to\ h)=| proeirhkw/s.
e)k de\ tou/twn a)\n ei)/h kai\ o( kradofa/gos:
to\n de\ a)/groikon ou(/tws e)ka/loun, e)pei\ kra/dai ta\ fu/lla tw=n sukw=n.
dusxere\s ga\r o( skatofa/gos.
galaktofa/goi, a)ndrofa/goi, balanhfa/
goi balanhfagei=n.
ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ e)ntragei=n e)pitragei=n sukotragei=n.
o( de\ peri\ trofh\n a)/plhstos a)ko/restos, w(s o( taxe/ws koresqei\s
a(yi/koros.
kai\ kako/sitos de/, kai\ a)po/sitos o( a)pestramme/nos a)po\
siti/wn, w(s a)/pixqus par' *)aristofa/nei
(
ou(=tos
(
o( d'
a)plh/stws ei)s ko/ron e)sqi/wn a)ddhfa/gos, a)/ddhn e)sqi/wn.
polu/sitoi o)yo
fa/goi.
kai\ e)re/ptein e)/legon to\ sunto/nws e)sqi/ein.
a)/xri ko/rou, pe/ra
ko/rou.
ga/stris, gastrizo/menos, gastri/zein u(pogastri/zein, gastri/margos
gastribo/ros, gastrimargi/a, li/xnos lixnei/a, lai/margos laimargi/a,
te/nqhs tenqei/a, deino\s fagei=n kai\ a)gaqo\s fagei=n.
kai\ fage/swron de\
to\n a)/plhston oi( kwmikoi\
(
th\n tou= toiou/tou gaste/ra fageswri=tin farmaki/thn.
to\ de\
xorta/zein *)aristofa/nhs
(
tasmo/n.
kai\ ka/baison d' e)ka/loun to\n peri\ th\n trofh\n a)/plhston,
w(/sper oi( nu=n to\n polupo/thn pi/qon: ka/bos ga\r si/tou me/tron.
o(
de\ me/gas ywmo\s e)kalei=to *qettalikh\ e)/nqesis.
kai\ to\ me\n piei=n e)qe/
lein diyh=n, to\ de\ fagei=n bou/lesqai peinh=n.
th\n me/ntoi u(po\ plh/
qous trofh=s dusxe/reian, e)k tou= mh\ pe/yai tri=yai ta\ siti/a, a)peyi/an
me\n oi( polloi/, su\ d' o)curegmi/an a)\n le/gois.
to\ d' e)pi\ tw=| ko/rw| dus
xerai/nein bdelugmi/an o( *cenofw=n
(th=| skia=|
d' e)tekmai/ronto to\n kairo\n th=s e)pi\ dei=pnon o(dou=, h(\n kai\ stoixei=on
e)ka/loun: kai\ e)/dei speu/dein, ei) deka/poun to\ stoixei=on ei)/h,
*ta\ de\ brw/mata, o(/sa para\ toi=s palaioi=s e)/stin eu(rei=n, r(afani/s,
drupe/peis e)la=ai, a(lma/des kai\ nhktri/des, ta\s de\ kotina/das e)la/as
strabh/lous w)no/mase *ferekra/ths
(
kai\ fau/liai.
a(\s d' oi( nu=n qlasta/s, tau/tas purh=nas oi( kwmikoi/
(
stofa/nous
(qe/rmous d' *)/alecis ei)/rhken
(
tou\s qe/rmous fagw/n
e)pi\ tw=n proqu/rwn ta\ le/mmaq' o(tih\ kate/lipen.
kokku/mhla tw=n a)poqe/twn.
suka/mina: tau=ta de\ kai\ mo/ra *ai)sxu/los
(
ta/xa d' a)/n tis kai\ kera/sia fai/h, ke/rason to\ de/ndron e)n tw=| peri\
fu/sews *cenofa/nous
(xo/ndros, kw=noi,
mala/xh, qridaki/nh, kina/ra: ou(/tw ga\r para\ toi=s *dwrieu=si poihtai=s
(
siku\s kai\ sikuo\s pe/pwn, o(\n kai\ spermati/an w)no/mazon.
th/qh, kog
xu/lia, o)/strea, porfu/rai, kh/rukes, ka/rabos, a)stako/s, xh=mai, ko/gxai,
kte/nes, teuqi/des.
polupo/deia kre/a h)\ plekta/nai, shpi/ai shpida/ria.
e)xi=noi qala/ttioi: e)/nioi de\ kai\ spa/taggas kalou=sin e)xi/nwn ti ei)=dos.
mh/tra, te/maxos, suw=n po/des.
mh=la tw=n *(esperi/dwn, mh=la tw=n
w(rai/wn, kudw/nia mh=la w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
dw/nia kai\ fau/lia de\ mh=la/ tina w)no/mazon.
su=ka tw=n xlwrw=n.
turou= trofali/s, turo\s xlwro/s: to\n de\ chro\n i)sxno\n e)/legon.
o( ga\r
o)ceri/as turo\s ei)/rhtai me\n e)n th=| kwmw|di/a|
(
*sikeliko\n de\ to\ e)/desma.
tari/xh *pontika/, tari/xh *fru/gia, tari/xh
*ai)gu/ptia, tari/xh *sardw=|a, tari/xh *gadeirika/.
w(rai=a tema/xh sko/mbrwn,
kestri/nwn, ku/bwn, qunni/dwn.
qu/nnoi, koli/ai, sape/rdai, lebi/ai, mu/lloi.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ ou)dete/rws
me\n to\ ta/rixos oi( *)attikoi/, *)/iwnes de\ kai\ *dwriei=s a)rrenikw=s kai\ tw=n
*)attikw=n e)n *dionusaleca/ndrw| *krati=nos
(
o( de\ tari/xous *pontikou/s.
kai\ tilto\n de\ ta/rixos to\ lepidwto\n e)ka/loun, w(s *pla/twn o( kwmiko/s
(
tilto\n ta/rixos e)pria/mhn toi=s oi)ke/tais.
*)aristofa/nhs de\
(
to\n sape/rdhn a)poti=lai xrh/
ka)=t' e)kplu=nai kai\ diaplu=nai.
e)/cesti d' ei)pei=n h(/pata sesukasme/na, h(/pata suw=n sesukotraghko/twn,
h)\ xhnei/wn h(pa/twn.
i)xqu=s e)k tagh/nou, i)xqu=s e)c a(/lmhs: ou(/tw ga\r
e)ka/loun to\n i)xqu/wn zwmo/n.
tri/glh, ska/ros, la/brac, mu/raina, ke
streu/s, xru/sofrus, go/ggros, mela/nouros, a)nqi/as, sfu/raina: tau/thn de\
kai\ ke/stran w)no/mazon: tw=n de\ kestre/wn tou\s nh/steis e)ph/|noun.
tra/
xouros, cifi/as, a)mi/a, ka/llixqus, o)rfo/s h)\ to\ *)attikw/teron o)rfw/s,
fa/gros, skorpi/os, ki/qaros, bati/s, qunni/s, qu/nnos, glau=kos, suno/dous,
ki/xlh, e)/lloy, sa/lph, galeo/s, e)gxe/leis_ou(/tw ga\r kata\ plh=qos
e)ce/feron, kai/toi e)pi\ th=s mia=s e)/gxelun e)/legon_a)fu/ai, yh=ttai,
maini/des, a)kalh/fh, kari/des, membra/des, kwbioi/, na/rka, fuki/des.
kai\ "e(yhtw=n de\ lopa\s" eu)tele/s ti brwma/tion h)=n, w(/sper kai\ trixi/as.
ei)/pois d' a)\n o)ste/wn kelu/fh, kai\ kara/bwn o)/straka, kai\ i)xqu/wn
le/ph kai\ lepi/das kai\ le/mmata, kai\ a)ka/nqas kai\ bra/gxia kai\ e)/gkata
kai\ sa/rkas, kai\ krani/on glau/kou, o(/per eu)do/kimon h)=n.
kwlh=nes e(fqoi/, a)krokw/lia di/efqa pleura\ delfa/kia, e)/rifoi,
lagw\ kai\ kre/a lagw=|a kai\ sxeli/des.
ki/xlai, ko/ssufoi, spini/dia,
a)lektruo/nes a)lektori/des, pe/rdikes, ge/ranoi, xh=nes, nh=ttai, peristerai/,
fa/ttai, trugo/nes, taoi/, a)ttagai/, a)mpeli/des, a(\s nu=n a)mpeli/wnas ka
lou=sin, fasianikoi\ o)/rniqes.
u(poga/stria, ou)/qata, h)triai=on de/lfakos,
fu=skai, a)lla=ntes, xo/lic kai\ xoli/kia u(/eia, kwlh=nes tetarixeume/noi,
sxeli/des o(lo/knhmoi ai( pe/rnai, h)/nustron: e)/sti de\ gastri/on h(dusme/non,
o(\ kai\ ta/kwnas e)/nioi keklh=sqai para\ *kra/thti nomi/zousi tw=| kwmikw=|
mo/nw| kai\ a(/pac ei)rhko/ti e)n *qhri/ois
(
ou)k a)/r' e)/t' ou)de\n kre/as, w(s u(mei=s le/get', ou)d' o(tiou=n e)do/mesqa,
ou)d' e)c a)gora=s, ou)de\ ta/kwnas poihso/meq' ou)d' a)lla=ntas.
oi( d' oi)/ontai tou\s ta/kwnas e)k tagh/nou kre/as, h)\ ste/atos troxou\s
su\n a(lsi\ kai\ chroi=s h(du/smasi kope/ntas.
pu=on, puria/th: *filip
pi/dhs d' e)n *au)loi=s
(
a)sfa/ragos o( a)kanqi/as, o)/rmenos h(/meros a)sfa/ragos: kai\ pa=n de\
to\ u(perechnqhko/s, o(/per e)kkekaulhko\s kalou=sin, o)/rmenon w)no/mazon,
kai\ to\ u(pe/rwron gene/sqai e)cormeni/sai.
r(a/fanos h( kra/mbh.
to\ d'
o)/noma th=s kra/mbhs e)/sti me\n kai\ par' *)aristote/lei e)n toi=s peri\ zw/|wn
(
au)tw=| ke/xrhtai *)antifa/nhs e)n *)agroi/kw|:
(
krambi/dion e(fqo/n, xa/rien, a)stei=on pa/nu.
gogguli/des: le/gousi de\ kai\ goggu/las.
bolboi/, teu=tla, koloku/ntai.
ai( me/ntoi tw=n krew=n meri/des i)de/ai kalou=ntai, ta\ d' o)yi/gona
tw=n u(w=n meta/xoira.
to\ de\ perife/resqai ta\s meri/das perifora\n *ce
nofw=n
(to\ de\ de/rma tou= xoi/rou fori/nhn
kalou=si, to\ de\ kre/as u(eiko\n w(s kai\ boeiko/n.
to\ d' o)pto\n kre/as
flogi\s e)kalei=to.
*(ermou= de\ klh=ros h( prw/th tw=n krew=n moi=ra.
ta\
me/ntoi qnhsei/dia kre/a kene/bria e)ka/loun, e)panqraki/das de\ ta\ e)phn
qrakwme/na i)xqu/dia.
ei)/poi d' a)/n tis zwmou\s karu/khn karukeu/mata, kataxu/smata,
a)burta/khn, paroyi/da: e)/sti de\ kai\ tou=to zwmou= ti ei)=dos h)\ w(s tine\s
ma/zhs, h)\ parenqh/kh tis o)/you, o(\ oi( nu=n a)\n ei)/poien paroyhma/tion.
kai\ pastai\ d' ei)si/n, w(s *eu)/poli/s
(
me/ta: *)aristofa/nhs de/ fhsi
(
xordai/, fu=skai, pastai/, zwmo/s, xo/likes.
mi/markus de\ koili/a kai\ e)/ntera meq' ai(/matos e)skeuasme/na, ma/lista de\
lagww=n.
o( de\ me/las kalou/menos zwmo/s, *lakwniko\n me\n w(s e)pi\ polu\
to\ e)/desma, e)/sti d' h( kaloume/nh ai(mati/a.
to\ de\ qri=on w(=de e)skeu/azon.
ste/ar u(/eion e(fqo\n labw\n meta\
ga/laktos mi/gnu xo/ndrw| paxei=, sumfura/sas d' au)ta\ turw=| xlwrw=| kai\
leki/qois w)|w=n kai\ e)gkefa/lois, peribalw\n sukh=s fu/llw| eu)w/dei,
zwmw=| o)rniqei/w| h)\ e)rifei/w| e)/neye, e)/peita e)celw\n kai\ to\ fu/llon a)fe
lw\n e)/mbale ei)s a)ggei=on ge/mon me/litos ze/ontos.
kai\ to\ me\n
o)/noma tw=| e)de/smati prose/qhke to\ fu/llon, h( de\ mi=cis pa/nta e)c i)/sou
de/xetai, tw=n de\ leki/qwn ple/on, o(/ti phgnu/ousi kai\ sunista=sin.
ou) fau=lon d' i)/sws paraqe/sqai kai\ th\n *ferekra/tous le/cin
(
potamoi\ me\n a)qa/ras kai\ me/lanos zwmou= ple/on
dia\ tw=n stenwpw=n tonqorugou=ntes e)/rreon ...
fu/skai de\ kai\ ze/ontes a)lla/ntwn to/moi
para\ toi=s potamoi=s si/zont' e)ke/xut' a)nt' o)stra/kwn.
kai\ mh\n parh=n tema/xh me\n e)cwpthme/na,
kataxusmati/oisi pantodapoi=sin eu)treph=,
teu/tloisi/ t' e)gxe/leia sugkekalumme/na,
sxeli/des t' o(lo/knhmoi plhsi/on takerw/tatai
e)pi\ pinaki/skwn, kai\ di/efq' a)krokw/lia
h(/diston a)tmi/zonta, kai\ xo/lic boo/s,
kai\ pleura\ delfa/kia e)pecanqisme/na
xnauro/tat' e)pe/keito e)p' a)mu/lwn kaqh/mena.
parh=n de\ xo/ndros ga/lakti katamemigme/nos
e)n kataxu/tlois leka/naisi ka)mu/lou to/moi ...
o)ptai\ ki/xlai d' e)pi\ toi=sd' a)na/brast' h)rtume/nai
peri\ to\ sto/m' e)pe/tont' a)ntibolou=sai katapiei=n.
ai( de\ perittai\ skeuasi/ai o)nquleu/seis kai\ monquleu/seis e)kalou=nto, w(s
para\ *mena/ndrw|
(
phgnu/menos.
e)k de\ brwma/twn e)/sti kai\ ta\ o)/spria, a(\ kai\ xe/dropa w)no/mazon,
e)/tnos, fakh=, piso/s_*)aristofa/nhs
(
le/gei tou\s pisou/s_ku/amoi oi( kai\ pu/anoi, a)f' w(=n kai\ ta\ puane/
yia h( e(orth/, kate/rikta, ke/gxroi, o)/rmenoi, sh/sama, meli/nai, ptisa/nh.
*krati=nos
(
a)ll' ei)/siq' ei)/sw, kai\ piou=sa xulo\n a)napau/ou kakw=n.
e)/legon d' e)/ti kai\ e)pi/pasta lei/xein: h)=n d' e)/tnos, kai\ e)pipa/ttontes
a)lfi/twn leptw=n kai\ e)lai/ou h)/sqion.
kai\ polfoi\ de/ ti e)kalei=to,
mhru/mata e)k staito/s, a(\ toi=s o)spri/ois e)ne/ballon, a)f' w(=n e)/ti kai\ nu=n
o)noma/zetai para/ tisi to\ polfofa/kh.
*)aristofa/nhs
(
polfw=n mnhmoneu/ei:
polfou\s d' ou)x h(=yon o(mou= bolboi=s.
ei)/h d' a)\n e)/tnous i)de/a kai\ ta\ xi/dra: gi/netai d' e)k purou= xlwrou=, o(\n
xidri/an *)aristofa/nhs
(o( d' au)to\s kai\ palhma/tion r(o/
fhma/ ti w)no/masen
(
i(/n' e)paglai/+sh| to\ palhma/tion, kai\ mh\ bh/ttwn katapi/nh|.
i)/sws d' a)\n ei)/h e)k paipa/lhs, o(/ e)sti to\ lepto/taton tou= a)leu/rou.
kai\
a)qa/rh d' e)/tnos e)k purou=.
ta\ de\ sugkekomme/na la/xana knista\ e)ka/
loun, w(s ta\ a)/gria kixo/ria, kai\ i)sxna\ la/xana ta\ lepta/.
oi( kwmikoi\
(ta\
d' au)ta\ kai\ nwgali/smata: a)lla\ tou=to poihtiko\n e)sxa/tws.
i)ste/on d' o(/ti para\ toi=s palaioi=s eu)doki/moun mu/raina e)k por
qmou= kai\ mu/raina *tarthssi/a, kai\ qu/nnos *tu/rios, kai\ kestreu\s e)k *skia/
qou, kai\ e)/rifos e)k *mh/lou, kai\ ko/gxai *pelwri=nai, o(/qen i)/sws kai\ ai(
nu=n kalou/menai *pelwri/des w)noma/sqhsan, teu=tlon e)c *)/askrhs, maini/des
e)k *lipa/ras, goggu/lai e)k *mantinei/as, *mhqumnai=oi kte/nes, galeo\s e)k
*(ro/dou, yh=ttai e)c *)eleusi=nos, a)fu/ai *falhrikai/, tri/glai *ai)cwnikai/, e)g
xe/lues e)k *boiwti/as ai( *kwpa=|des, w(s e)k *sikeli/as ai( plwtai/, kai\
*qasi/a a(/lmh kai\ *qa/siai r(afani=des, kai\ turo\s *ku/qnio/s te kai\ *sike
liko/s, kai\ a(/les *tragasai=oi: li/mnh d' ai( *traga/sai *trwikh\ h)\ pedi/on
*)hpeirwtiko/n, a)po\ *traga/sou, w(=| xarizo/menos o( *poseidw=n tou\s a(/las
e)/phcen.
ei)/poi d' a)/n tis kai\ fru/ttein fru/ttousa: fru/getron to\ e)r
galei=on.
to\ d' au)to\ kai\ kodomeu/ein kai\ kodomeu/ousa, h(\n kodomh\n
kalou=sin, kai\ to\ e)rgalei=on kodomei=on, w(=| dh\ e)ne/frutton, i)/sws a)ggei=on
kerameou=n.
kai\ ma/ttein de/, kai\ ma/ktra ou(= e)/matton, kai\ o( ma/ttwn
mageu/s: h( de\ ma/ktra kai\ magi\s e)kalei=to kai\ ska/fh.
ta\ d' h(du/smata e)/laion, o)/cos w(s *eu)/polis
(
oi)/nou paro/ntos o)/cos h)ra/sqh piei=n.
to\ d' o)/cos kai\ h)=dos e)ka/loun.
ga/ros, w(s *sofoklh=s
(
ou)d' h( ta/laina dou=sa tarixhrou= ga/rou,
kai\ *krati=nos
(
o( ta/laros u(mi=n dia/plew/s e)stin ga/rou.
leptoi\ a(/les, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
ei)s o)/cos e)mbapto/menos h)\ leptou\s a(/las.
pe/peri, w(s *)/alecis e)n *le/bhti
(
rieilhfo/si plh=qos h(dusma/twn: ta\ ga\r toiau=ta para\ tw=n ou) pa/nu
a)rxai/wn lhpte/on.
o)rqw=s ge.
prw=ton la/b' e)lqw\n sh/sama._
a)ll' e)/stin e)/ndon._a)stafi/da kekomme/nhn,
ma/raqa, a)/nhqon, na=pu, kaulo/n, si/lfion,
kori/annon au)=on, r(ou=n, ku/minon, ka/pparin,
o)ri/ganon, gh/tion a)/noitton qu/mon,
sfa/kon, si/raion, pe/peri, ph/ganon, pra/son.
ei)/h d' a)\n e)k tw=n h)dusma/twn kai\ li/tron: *)antifa/nhs e)n *leukadi/a|
(
shsa/mou, li/trou, kumi/nou, r(ou=, me/litos, o)riga/nou,
batani/ou, o)/cous, e)lai/ou, ei)s a)burta/khn xlo/hs.
e)/nia de\ tw=n h(dusma/twn e)ph|nei=to e)k xwri/wn, w(s *eu)/boulos e)n *glau/kw|
fhsi\
(
kai\ na=pu *ku/prion kai\ skammwni/as o)po/n,
kai\ ka/rdamon *milh/sion, kai\ kro/mmuon
*samoqra/|kion, kai\ kaulo\n e)k *karxhdo/nos
kai\ si/lfion, qu/mon te tw=n *(umhtti/wn.
tou= me/ntoi silfi/ou to\ me\n spe/rma kalei=tai magu/daris, h( de\ r(i/za
si/lfion, to\ de\ futo\n kaulo/s, to\ de\ fu/llon ma/speton.
kai\ e(/teron
de/ ti h(/dusma e)oiko\s silfi/w|, h(=tton de\ drimu/, e)kalei=to magu/daris.
mi/nqa de\ h)\ mi/nqh to\ kalou/menon h(du/osmon, o(/per w)noma/sqai fasi\n
a)po\ *mi/nqhs: h( d' h)=n *plou/twnos pallakh\ ei)s tou=to to\ futo\n meta
balou=sa.
me/mnhtai th=s mi/nqhs *krati=nos e)n toi=s *no/mois
(
turw=| kai\ mi/nqh| paraleca/menos kai\ e)lai/w|.
ei)/h d' a)\n tw=n h(dusma/twn kai\ ta\ u(potrimma/tia, a(\ kai\ kataxusma/tia,
kai\ sko/rodon kai\ skoroda/lmh kai\ o)ca/lmh, w(s *krati=nos e)n *)odusseu=
sin
(
fru/cas kai\ e(yh/sas kai\ e)panqraki/sas kai\ o)pth/sas,
ei)s a(/lmhn kai\ o)ca/lmhn ka)=|t' e)s skoroda/lmhn
xliaro\n e)mba/ptwn, o(\s a)\n o)pto/tato/s moi a(pa/ntwn
u(mw=n fai/nhtai, katatrw/comai w)= stratiw=tai.
o( d' *)aristofa/nhs e)n tw=| *gh/ra| le/gei
(
o)cwta/, silfiwta/, bolbo/s, teutli/on,
peri/komma, qri=on, e)gke/falos, o)ri/ganon.
ei)/h d' a)\n prosh=kon toi=s h(du/smasi kai\ o( ka/ndulos e)c a)mu/lou kai\
turou= kai\ ga/laktos kai\ me/litos: kai\ h( matu/llh, *makedoniko\n eu(/rhma,
di/yous e)gertiko\n brw=ma, w(=| e)xrw=nto mesou=ntos tou= po/tou: kai\ o( mut
twto/s, tri=mma e)k skoro/dwn drimu/.
polla\ d' a)\n ei)/h tw=n peri\
th\n h(duntikh\n skeuasi/an e)ceurei=n e)k tw=n o)yopoiikw=n suggramma/twn
*pantole/ontos kai\ *miqai/kou kai\ *zwpuri/nou kai\ *so/fwnos kai\ *(hgh
si/ppou kai\ *paca/mou kai\ *)epaine/tou.
sunariqmoi=to d' a)\n tou/tois
*(hraklei/dhs te o( *surakou/sios kai\ *tunda/rixos o( *sikuw/nios kai\ *simw
nakti/dhs o( *xi=os kai\ *glau=kos o( *lokro/s, o)yopoiikh=s pragmatei/as
sofistai/.
e)kalou=nto de\ kai\ oi( a(/les h(dunth=res dia\ to\ h(du/nein.
kai\ to\
a)rtu/ein de\ h(du/nein e)/legon.
fulla/das d' e)ka/loun ta\ xlwra\
u(potri/mmata.
to\ d' e)pi\ pa=sin e)pifo/rhma tu/barin oi( *dwriei=s e)ka/loun:
h)=n d' e)n o)/cei se/lina.
e)pei\ de\ tw=n xwri\s a)/rtou brwma/twn e)pimnhsqe/ntes u(phne/xqhmen
ei)s ta\ su\n a)/rtw| e)sqio/mena, ou)de\n a)\n kwlu/oi kai\ ta\ tw=n a)/rtwn
ei)/dh sunagagei=n.
oi( me\n kribani=tai oi( d' o)beli/ai, ko/llikes,
ko/llaboi, nastoi/, a)/muloi, kollu=rai, zumh=tai, shsami=tai, xari/sioi, ka
xrudi/ai: oi( d' e)/ti faulo/teroi pituri/ai.
ei)/poi d' a)/n tis kai\ a)/rton
pu/rinon, pro\s to\n e)k kriqh=s diairw=n.
oi( de\ shta/nioi a)/rtoi e)k tw=n
shtani/wn purw=n, oi(/ ei)si tetra/mhnoi: thtino\n ga\r to\ e)pe/teion.
to\n
me/ntoi xari/sion plakou=nta ei)=nai le/gousin.
kai\ a)/nanos% d' a)/rtos
e)ggute/rw plakou=ntos.
*ai)gu/ptioi de\ tou\s ei)s o)cu\ a)nhgme/nous a)/rtous
kullhstei=s w)no/mazon, w(s o)ri/ndhn tina\ a)/rton *ai)qi/opes to\n e)c o)rin
di/ou gino/menon, o(/ e)sti spe/rma e)pixw/rion, o(/moion shsa/mw|.
o( ga\r o)r
qosta/ths i(erou= a)/rtou ti ei)=dos.
to\ d' e)rgalei=on.
e)n w(=| ta\ a)/leura
diesh/qeto, to\ me\n e)k sxoi/nwn ple/gma ko/skinon, ei) de\ tw=| tou= koski/
nou ku/klw| a)nti\ tou= sxoi/nou linou=n ti sindo/nion ei)/h e)chmme/non, w(s
a)kribe/steron to\ a)/leuron kaqai/roito, a)leuro/tthsis e)kalei=to, ei) d' e)c
e)ri/ou ei)/h, krhse/ra.
e)/nqa d' e)pla/ttonto oi( a)/rtoi, pla/qanon:
o(moi/ws kai\ di' ou(= e)pla/ttonto.
ei)/rhtai de\ kai\ semi/dalis para/ te
*lukou/rgw| tw=| r(h/tori
(
lwn
(
de\ kai\ th\n genikh\n ei)/rhke semida/lidos.
a)po\ de\ nastw=n o( nasto
fa/gos kai\ to\ nastofagei=n, kai\ o( nastoko/pos para\ *pla/twni tw=| kw
mikw=|
(ma=zai d' ai( me\n i(erai/, a)mfifw=ntes me\n ou(\s
e)/feron ei)s *mounuxi/as *)arte/midos, da=|das h(mme/nas periph/cantes, o)be
li/ai d' a)/rtoi ou(\s ei)s *dionu/sou e)/feron oi( kalou/menoi o)beliafo/roi,
e)k medi/mnou e(no\s h)\ duoi=n h)\ triw=n to\ me/geqos, di' o)beli/skwn tinw=n
ei)rgme/nous, a)f' w(=n kai\ tou)/noma.
pe/lanoi de\ koinoi\ pa=si qeoi=s, w(s
ai( selh=nai th=| qew=|: ke/klhntai d' a)po\ tou= sxh/matos, w(/sper kai\ o(
bou=s: pe/mma ga/r e)sti ke/rata e)/xon memimhme/na, prosfero/menon *)apo/l
lwni kai\ *)arte/midi kai\ *(eka/th| kai\ *selh/nh|.
melitou=tta me\n *tro
fwni/w| w(s a)resth/r, kai\ u(gi/eia o(moi/ws: kai\ ga\r u(gi/eia ma/zhs ti ei)=dos.
ai(=s d' a)/nqrwpoi xrw=ntai ma/zais, tou/twn ta\ o)no/mata a)/nqema, qrida
ki/nh, fu/sth, oi)nou=tta, e)fi/eros, dandali/s, lwlw/, diako/nion, tripth/,
a)nemw/nh, karda/mh.
kai\ bh/rhkes de\ ma=zai/ ei)si memagme/nai dih
qhme/nwn tw=n a)lfi/twn, ai( de\ dandali/des pefrugme/nwn kriqw=n, kai\
pro/kwna kai\ prokw/nia ta\ e)c a)fru/ktwn kriqw=n a)/lfita.
ta\ de\
plakou/ntwn ei)/dh a)/mhs a)mhti/skos, puramou=s, shsamou=s, e)/gxutos,
e)/nqrupta, streptoi/, neh/lata, kotuli/skos, fqoi=s kai\ fqoi/dia, e)pi/xutos,
qrummati/des: h)=n de\ kai\ krhpi\s e)c a)leu/rou kai\ me/litos, h(=| e)ne/keinto a)m
peli/des tine\s h)\ sukali/des o)ptai/, w(=n brwqeisw=n th\n krhpi=da zwmw=|
o)rniqei/w| e)nqru/yantes h)/sqion.
e)kalei=to de\ kai\ stegasth\ qrummati/s.
eu)do/kimoi de\ kai\ oi( *sa/mioi plakou=ntes, kai\ oi( *filoce/nioi, tou= *leuka
di/ou *filoce/nou to\ eu(/rhma.
nastoi\ d' oi( au)toi\ kai\ saktoi\ kalou=n
tai, kw=nos su\n a)stafi/si kai\ a)mugda/lais, a(/per trifqe/nta kai\ mix
qe/nta o)pta=tai.
o( d' e)xi=nos nhsiwtiko\s plakou=s, a)/mhti proseoikw/s.
o( d' e)sxari/ths *(rodiako/s, meqo/rios a)/rtou kai\ plakou=ntos.
prosariq
mhte/on de\ tou/tois kai\ ta\ meli/phkta, ou)k oi)=da ei) kai\ ta\ i)/tria kai\
tou\s taghni/as: ei)si\ d' oi( au)toi\ tai=s e)gkri/sin.
taghni/as h)/dh teqe/asai xliarou/s,
si/zontas o(/tan au)toi=sin e)pixe/h|s me/li
*kra/thtos
(
e)pexei=to turo\s e)/laion me/li sh/sama.
w)noma/zeto de/ tina kai\ phni/a,
a(\ toi=s plakou=sin e)neti/qeto proseoiko/ta phni/ois: leuka\ d' h)=n th\n
xro/an.
ta\ d' e)pidorpi/smata *)aristofa/nhs
(
kalei=, w(/ste ei)/h a)\n kai\ to\ e)pidorpi/zesqai e)piforei=sqai, h)=n de\ trwga/
lia, ka/rua, murti/des, me/spila, a(\ kai\ o)/a kalei=tai: kai\ tou)/noma e)/sti
para\ *pla/twni
(
ko/kkoi r(o/as: kai\ ou(/tw me\n o( karpo/s, to\ de\ de/ndron r(oia/, ei)/pois d'
a)\n kai\ kokki/sai r(o/an kat' *)aristofa/nhn:
(
o)cuglu/keia/n ta)=ra kokkiei=s r(o/an.
touti\ de\ to\ i)ambei=on *)aristofa/nhs ou)k i)/dion o)\n ei)/rhken, a)ll' w(s
*ai)sxu/lou
(a)mu/gdala.
ka/rua *persika/, a(\ nu=n basilika/.
i)sxa/
des xelido/nioi ai( *)attikai\, ai(\ kai\ xelido/nes kalou=ntai, kai\ a)/llai a)mf
ari/stews kai\ fiba/lews kai\ basi/lews kai\ korw/news, kai\ pro/krides kai\
o)/caloi, kai\ baginda/rioi d' ai( *(ro/diai, kai\ pala/sia, a(\ kai\ *krati=nos
(ta\ d' ou)/pw pe/peira tw=n su/kwn oi)/dakes
kalou=ntai para\ *la/kwsi kai\ fh/lhkes par' *)aqhnai/ois.
a)/pioi, mh=la,
o)/xnai, a)xra/des, a)stafi/des, stafulai/, kai\ tou/twn o)no/mata e)la/ews a)ma/
macus, foinikoba/lanos, *krhtikh/, meli/news, mequ/sews, xaire/news, yiqi/a,
*krh=ssa, *su/ra, *(rodi/a, *li/bussa, *pra/mneios, a)lwpe/kews, korw/news,
*lhmni/a, *bubli/a, *nikostrati/a, *xaro/ph, *oi)no/ph, *pellai/a, *pergai/a,
*pelmhri/s, *petrai/a, *sami/a, *swxi\s h( kai\ *ai)gupti/a, *torni/a.
h)=san de/ tines prw=tai tra/pezai kai\ deu/terai kai\ tri/tai.
kai\
tri/podes me\n e)f' w(=n e)/keinto: kai\ e)/sti tou)/noma par' *(hsio/dw|
(
kai\ e)n *telmisseu=sin *)aristofa/nous
(
ai)ro/menai tra/pezai, a(\s nu=n magi/das kalou=sin.
e)/sti me/ntoi kai\ to\ th=s
magi/dos o)/noma para\ *sofoklei= e)n xrh/sei
(
ta\s *(ekatai/as magi/das do/rpwn.
tou/twn de\ th\n eu)ru/thta *(/omhros
(k
trape/zas." trape/zas d' e)ka/loun kai\ ta\ siti/a ta\ e)p' au)tw=n tiqe/mena.
ta\ d' a)ggei=a ta\ e)pi\ tw=n trapezw=n koinh=| me\n teu/xh e)rei=s a)rgura=
kai\ xrusa=: kaq' e(/kaston de/, ou(\s me\n di/skous kalou=sin, ku/klous e)rei=s
a)rgurou=s h)\ xeu/mata a)rgura= h)\ pi/nakas, kai\ tou\s e)la/ttous pinaki/skous,
kai\ pi/nakas krew=n, kai\ pinaki/skous i)xquhrou/s.
ta\ de\ tw=n h(dusma/twn
a)ggei=a o)ci/das me\n ai(=s to\ o)/cos e)/nestin, e)mba/fia de\ kai\ leka/nia kai\
tru/blia kai\ o)cu/bafa, e)n oi(=s ta\ h(du/smata h)\ brw/mata: o)cu/bafa d'
e)ka/loun pa/lai kai\ ta\ u(podexo/mena ta\s la/tagas.
ta\s de\ kaloume/nas
pate/llas lekani/das o)nomaste/on, ei) kai\ e)c a)rgu/rou ei)=en: *qeo/pompos
me\n ga\r o( kwmiko\s
(
fa/nhs
(
a)llaxou=
(
kai/ moi leka/nion tw=n lagw/|wn do\s krew=n.
tau=ta d' o(/sa kata\ fia/las a)nepe/ptato, kai\ ka/nastra kalou/mena
eu(rei=n e)/sti para\ *nikofw=nti tw=| kwmikw=|
(
para\ *krati/nw|
(
tion e)ka/loun, w(s to\ li/knon ka/nhta.
mazono/mia de\ koi=loi mega/loi
pi/nakes, e)f' w(=n ai( ma=zai diene/monto: cu/linoi d' h)=san.
musti/lh me\n
ou)=n ywmo\s koi=los ei)s e)/tnos h)\ zwmo\n baqunqei/s, a)f' ou(= kai\ to\ mu
stilh/sasqai le/gousin: e)moi\ de\ kai\ th\n kaloume/nhn li/glan musti/lhn
h(/dion kalei=n h)\ li/glan.
kai/toi e)n *)aleca/ndrou pro\s th\n mhte/ra
e)pistolh=| me/mnhmai e)n a)/llois skeu/esi kai\ to\n mu/stron eu(rw/n.
to\
de\ koxlia/rion kaloi/hs a)\n mustila/rion h)\ koxliw/ruxon.
ta\ de\ magei/rou skeu/h xu/tras, lopa/das, molibdode/tous e)sxa/ras,
i)xquoptri/das, o)belou\s boupo/rous, o)beli/skous, ta/ghnon, krea/gran, h(\n
kai\ a(rpa/ghn e)ka/loun kai\ lu/kon kai\ e)causth=ra, kai\ to\ e)celei=n e)cau=sai:
toru/nhn, h(\ kai\ eu)e/rghn w)no/mazon kai\ e)o/rghn, kai\ e)orgh=sai to\ toru
nh=sai: zwmh/rusin e)tnh/rusin, le/bhtas, xalki/a, kriba/nous, bau/nous, i)p
nou/s, purau/nous_e)/sti d' a)ggei=a e)n oi(=s tou\s e)mpu/rous a)/nqrakas
komi/zousin_e)sxari/das, i)pnolebh/tion, qermanth=ra, xutro/gaulon, h(qmo/n,
kopi/da, maxai/ras, dori/das, ai(=s e)/deron h)\ e)f' w(=n, i)/sws de\ kai\ turo/knh
stin, h(\n kai\ ku/bhlin kalou=sin.
o(\ de\ nu=n taghnostro/fion, oi( pa/lai
listri/on h)\ pte/on.
krateuth/ria de\ sidh/rion w(=| tou\s o)beli/skous
e)peti/qesan pro\s th\n o)/pthsin tw=n krew=n, e)f' ou(= kai\ *(/omhros
(
i)/sws ei)/rhke "krateuta/wn e)paei/ras." e)/sti de\ kai\ a)letri/banos o(
kai\ doi=duc: ta\s de\ tou= doi/dukos e)n th=| qui/+a| periagwga\s periam
fi/das *eu)/polis
(kai\ mh\n kai\ ta/de, qui/+a, ka/rdopos,
ca/nion h)\ e)pi/chnon, o(/per h( ne/a kwmw|di/a
(
panon kalei=: to\ d' au)to\ para\ toi=s pa/lai e)leo\n e)kalei=to.
a)/bac
a)ba/kion, kaka/bh, pata/nion h)\ pata/na: ou(/tw ga\r *sw/frwn
(
kaibkai\
*)epi/xarmos
(ei)/h
d' a)\n h( pata/nh lopa/dion e)kpe/talon, o(\ nu=n i)/sws a)po\ tou/tou kalou=si
pate/llion.
e)xi=nos de\ xu/tras ei)=dos h)=n.
me/mnhtai d' *)aristofa/nhs
(
ta\ de\ tw=n magei/rwn e)/rga a)feu=sai, eu(=sai, kaqh=rai, ko/yai, te
mei=n diatemei=n, r(axi/sai, e(yh=sai, o)pth=sai, e)panqrakw=sai, ma/cai, dihqei=n,
diatta=n, a)pobra/ttein, tri/bein e)n qui/+a|, staqeu/ein, h(du/nein, a)rtu/ein,
skeua/zein, o)nquleu/ein.
ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ kapni/zein ei)/pois a)\n e)p'
au)tw=n, w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
ta\ xoiri/dia.
ta\ d' e)kkau/mata eu)/sana, w(s ta\ cu/la kau/sima.
e)pei\ de\ kai\ to\ kata\ xeiro\s u(/dwr sumpotiko\n h)=n, xe/rniba me\n
to\ u(/dwr *(/omhros
(a
gei=on, le/bhta de\ to\ u(podexo/menon.
su\ d' a)\n kai\ proxoi/dion ei)/pois
th\n pro/xoun, kai\ lebh/tion qa/teron, kai\ to\ sunamfo/teron w(s *eu)/polis
(
to\ kataxe/ai, kai\ ni/yasqai me\n to\ pro\ th=s trofh=s, a)poni/yasqai de\
to\ meta\ th\n trofh/n.
o(/pou d' e)/stin a)poma/casqai e)napoma/casqai
a)poyh/sasqai, to\ e)kmagei=on kai\ xeiro/maktron a)\n prosei/pois.
oi( de\
pa/lai tai=s kaloume/nais a)pomagdaliai=s e)xrw=nto, ai(\ h)=san to\ e)n tw=|
a)/rtw| malako\n kai\ staitw=des, ei)s o(\ a)poyhsa/menoi toi=s kusi\n au)to\
pare/ballon, o(/qen kai\ *lakedaimo/nioi kuna/da th\n a)pomagdalia\n ka
lou=sin.
u(podhloi= de\ kai\ *(/omhros
(k
w(s d' o(/tan a)mfi\ a)/nakta ku/nes dai/thqen i)o/nta
sai/nws': ai)ei\ ga/r te fe/rei meili/gmata qumou=.
spo/ggois de\ kai\ spoggiai=s kaqhra/ntwn oi( u(phre/tai ta\s tra
pe/zas kai\ pa/nta ta\ lei/yana th=s trofh=s ta\ e)pi\ tou)/dafos a)perrim
me/na, oi(=on fulli/a_ta\ de\ th=s qridaki/nhs fu/lla ou(/tw kalei=tai_
kai\ kogxuli/wn ko/gxous kai\ o)stre/wn ko/gxas kai\ i)xqu/wn le/ph kai\ ka
ra/bwn o)/straka kai\ krew=n o)sta= kai\ o)pw/ras mi/skous, a(\ kai\ korh/mata
klhte/on.
pai=s e)kkorei/tw parakorei/tw, kaqaire/tw, kallune/tw, saire/tw,
korh/qrw| h)\ kallu/ntrw|: sa/ron ga\r w(s e)pi\ polu\ to\ e)n th=| a(/lw| e)ka/
loun, w(s to\ e)n toi=s a)lfitei/ois mulh/koron.
sunaqroize/tw de\ ei)s a)/r
rixo/n tina h)\ ko/finon h)\ spuri/da h)\ spuri/xnion h)\ ferni/on: e)kalei=to d'
ou(/tws h( i)xquhra\ spuri/s.
oi( de\ oi)noxo/oi ta\ e)kpw/mata e)kpluno/ntwn te kai\ dia
nipto/ntwn kai\ kluzo/ntwn kai\ kaqairo/ntwn, kai\ ta\s fia/las e)pi\ tw=n
daktu/lwn a)/krwn o)xei/twsan, prosfe/rontes toi=s sumpo/tais eu)labw=s.
ta\ d' e)kpw/mata kai\ poth/ria a)/n tis ei)/poi_to\ ga\r de/pas kai\ ku/
pellon poihtika/_ta\ de\ tou/twn ei)/dh ku/lika kuli/skhn, fia/lhn,
a)gku/lhn, lepasth/n, kumbi/on, h(mi/toma, xalko/stoma, mastou/s, kar
xh/sion, kai\ qhri/kleion me\n kai\ ka/nqaron a)po\ tw=n poihsa/ntwn, a)nti
goni/da de\ kai\ seleuki/da kai\ r(odia/da h)\ r(odiako\n a)po\ tw=n xrhsame/
nwn, a)mfi/qeton de\ fia/lhn, w(s *(/omhros
(*y
a)/mfwton a)po\ tw=n sxhma/twn: to\ de\ mo/nwton kotuli/skos w)noma/zeto.
kalou=ntai de\ kai\ h(dupo/tides, labrw/nioi, di=noi, w)|doi/, r(uta/, sku/
foi, ko/tulos.
kai\ ko/ndu *kappadokiko/n, kai\ batia/kh: *persiko\n d' h)=n
to\ e)/kpwma, w(s kw/qwn *lakwniko/n: tou= de\ kw/qwnos ai( e(kate/rwqen
pleurai\, w(/sper kai\ th=s xu/tras, a)/mbwnes kalou=ntai.
e)/sti d' ei)pei=n
kai\ fia/las *lukiourgei=s, kai\ di/keras h)\ di/krounon r(uto/n.
to\ de\ kis
su/bion kisso\s perie/qei, a)f' ou(= to\ o)/noma.
to\ d' a)/leison to\ *(omhriko\n
(g
stis: kai\ ga\r tou=to ou) mo/non th\n a)qro/an po/sin a)lla\ kai\ e)kpw/matos
sxh=ma dhloi=.
kai\ a)sa/minqos de\ poth/rion a)\n ei)/h, w(s *(/omhro/s
(d
te mhnu/ei *thlema/xou dido/ntos *mene/lew| du/' a)sami/nqous, kai\ *krati=nos
e)n *xei/rwsin
(
e)c a)sami/nqou ku/likos lei/bwn.
kuli/skion d' h( smikra\ ku/lic: h( ga\r kulixni\s puci/s e)stin.
xrusi\s de\
kai\ a)rguri\s fia/lai me\n a)/mfw, tou)/noma d' e)k th=s u(/lhs e)/xousin.
me
so/mfaloi de\ fia/lai kai\ balaneio/mfaloi to\ sxh=ma proshgori/an e)/xousi,
xruso/mfaloi de\ th\n u(/lhn, w(s ai( *sapfou=s
(
bombulio\s de\ to\ steno\n e)/kpwma kai\ bombou=n e)n th=| po/sei, w(s *)anti
sqe/nhs e)n *protreptikw=|
(to\ de\ poth/rion *)/iwn
(
p 745. 64e)/sti de/ ti kai\ o( ko/tulos *dionusiako\n e)/kpwma,
w(/sper kai\ o( kotuli/skos.
o( de\ yukth\r poluqru/lhtos, o(\n kai\ di=non
e)ka/loun, e)n w(=| h)=n o( a)/kratos: oi( polloi\ d' a)kratofo/ron au)to\n kalou=sin.
ou) mh\n e)/xei puqme/na a)ll' a)stragali/skous.
kai\ geusthri/ou me\n
*)aristofa/nhs
(
(
patriw/tida de\ ma/nhn labe\ kerameou=n a(dro/n,
xwrou=nta kotu/las pe/nt' i)/sws.
o(lkai/ou d' *)anti/oxos: e)/sti d' o(lkai=on w(=| ta\ e)kpw/mata e)naponi/ptousin.
*ai)ginh/tas de/ fhsin *(hro/dotos
(
*)aristofa/nhs de/ pou e)/fh
(
e)pi/nomen
e)c u(ali/nwn e)kpwma/twn,
h( de\ metaniptri\s ku/lic e)sti\n, h(\n meta\ to\ a)poni/yasqai e)la/mbanon: to\
d' o)/noma ou)k a)po\ tou= kata\ to\ e)/kpwma sxh/matos a)lla\ th=s ta/
cews.
h)=n de\ *(ugiei/as i(era/, w(/sper kai\ *dio\s swth=ros o( tri/tos krath\r
i(ero\s h)=n.
*)agaqou= de\ dai/monos o( meta\ ta\s trape/zas a)/kratos, kai\
*(ermh=s h( teleutai/a po/sis, o(/qen kai\ *(/omhros
(h
spe/ndeskon."
to\ de\ su/mpan a)/riston a)risth=sai, h)ri/sthsa sunhri/sthsa, a)risto
poioume/nous, a)ristw=sai kai\ to\ *mena/ndrou dra=ma *sunaristw=sai
(
p 129
stos kai\ pa/lin dei=pnon deipnh=sai e)dei/pnhsa sunedei/pnhsa, kai\ to\n
su/ndeipnon kai\ to\n sundeipnou=nta para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
to\ peri/deipnon, kai\ deipnopoiei=sqai, deipnofo/ros de\ para\ *lusi/a|
(kai\ a)ri
sto/deipnon *me/nandros
(
(oi( de\ kai\ tri/ton fasi\ ta\ do/rpa h)\ to\n do/rpon h)\ w(s *ce
nofw=n
(
e)pidorpi/smata, kai\ dorpi/a h( prw/th tw=n *)apatouri/wn.
prosh/koi d'
a)\n au)toi=s kai\ dai/s, a)f' h(=s kai\ daitumw\n o( e(stiw/menos kai\ daitro\s o(
ma/geiros, kai\ daitreu=sai par' *(omh/rw|
(*l
santo par' *)isai/w|
(
lu/xnoi de\ kai\ luxni/a: ou(/tw de\ e)kalou=nto ai( luxni/ai, kai\ lux
nou=xos o( nu=n fano/s, kai\ lampa\s kai\ lampth\r kai\ fanoi\ kai\ da=|des.
lu/xnou de\ dimu/cou tw=n kwmw|dw=n *filu/llios
(
neu/ei, kai\ *metage/nhs
(
di/mucon h)\ tri/mucon, e)moi\ dokei=.
qrualli/des de\ ta\ e)ntiqe/mena, kai\ e)llu/xnia kai\ flo/moi.
to\ de\ para\
*qeopo/mpw| tw=| kwmikw=|
(
skeu=os h)=n stratiwtiko/n, to\ de\ o)/noma u(pomo/xqhron.
th\n me/ntoi
e)laihra\n e)pi/xusin xalki/on makro\n *eu)/polis
(kai\
sti/lbh de\ h)=n ti a)ggei=on gh/inon, w(=| a)nti\ lu/xnou e)xrw=nto, w(s *pla/twn
(
fei/desqe tou)lai/ou sfo/dr', e)c a)gora=s d' e)gw/
w)nh/somai sti/lbhn tin', h(/tis mh\ po/tis.
to\ de\ "pro/mucon to\n lu/xnon" pro/buson le/gousin.
e)/ti de\ kai\ mu/rwn e)n toi=s sumposi/ois e)pimnhste/on.
i)ste/on
mu/ron *mega/lleion a)po\ *mega/llou *sikeliw/tou kai\ *plaggo/nion a)po\
*plaggo/nos, kai\ brenqei=on de\ *ludi/as, na/rdon *babulwniakh\n w(s *)/alecis
(kai\ yagda=s d' *ai)gu/p
tion h)=n mu/ron.
mu/ra d' h)/|desan kai\ ba/kkarin kai\ a)ma/rakon kai\
i)/rinon.
to\ de\ r(o/dinon e)/laion r(odo/en *(/omhros
(*y
e)k
de\ ku/prou kai\ kri/nou mu/ron *)abdellw/numos o( *sidw/nios *)aleca/ndrw|
e)/pemyen.
sfo/dra d' h)=n eu)do/kimon to\ basi/leion mu/ron.
ta\ d'
a)ggei=a tw=n mu/rwn lh/kuqos murhra\ kai\ a)la/bastros: *ferekra/ths
d' e)n *lh/rois
(
ron e)gxe/omen.
to\ de\ pra=gma muraloifi/a, kai\ to\ r(h=ma muraloifei=n.
kai\ murw/mata d' ei)rh/kasi, kai\ muri/sasqai kai\ muri/sai.
to\ d' a)g
gei=on w(=| to\ mu/ron e)nh=n, fia/lh| proseoiko/s, e)ca/leiptron e)kalei=to.
ta\ d' e)n toi=s stefa/nois a)/nqh r(o/da, i)/a, kri/na, sisu/mbria, a)nemw=
nai, e(/rpullos, kro/kos, u(a/kinqos, e(li/xrusos, h(merokalle/s, e(le/neion,
qrualli/s, a)nqri/skos, na/rkissos, meli/lwton, a)nqemi/s, parqeni/s.
me/mnh
tai de\ tw=n plei/stwn *krati=nos e)n *malqakoi=s
(
kosmosanda/lou kai\ smi/lou, o(/per h)=n th=s smi/lakos a)/nqos.
kai\ *(/omh
ros
(
(*)anakre/wn
(
de\ kai\ mu/rtois stefanou=sqai/ fhsi kai\ koria/nnois kai\ lu/gw|
(
b
kai\ a)nh/tw|, w(s kai\ *sapfw\
(
ou(=toi d' a)/ra kai\ seli/nois
(
o( d' *)anakre/wn
(
kai\ r(o/dinon ste/fanon w)no/masen.
tw=n me/ntoi sumpotikw=n kai\ ai)/nigma kai\ gri=fos.
to\ me\n pai
dia\n ei)=xen, o( de\ gri=fos kai\ spoudh/n: kai\ o( me\n lu/sas ge/ras ei)=xe
krew=n tina\ perifora/n, o( d' a)dunath/sas a(/lmhs poth/rion e)kpiei=n.
e)klh/qh d' a)po\ tw=n a(lieutikw=n gri/fwn.
ta\ de\ zhth/mata w)noma/zeto
kuli/keia: *qeode/kths d' o( sofisth\s eu)dokimh/sas e)n au)toi=s, e)pei\ kai\
mnhmoniko\s h)=n, mnhmo/nia au)ta\ e)ka/lesen.
kai\ paroi/nia d' a)/|smata
h)=n kai\ skolia/: kai\ murri/nhn e)pi\ decia\ perife/ronte/s tines kai\
e)/kpwma kai\ lu/ran a)/|dein h)ci/oun.
toi=s me/ntoi diapannuxi/sasin a)=qla h)=n shsamou=s kai\ puramou=s,
pe/mmata dia\ me/litos e(fqa/, to\ me\n e)k shsa/mwn, to\ d' e)k purw=n pe
frugme/nwn.
to\ de\ diapannuxi/sai kai\ dianuktereu=sai a)\n ei)/pois, kai\
parape/myai th\n nu/kta e)/ste pro\s h(/lion, kai\ to\n lu/xnon to\n tou/tois
kaio/menon pa/nnuxon.
ei) de\ kai\ to\ kottabi/zein tw=n sumpotikw=n me/ros, r(hte/on ko/t
taboi kottabei=on a)pokottabi/zein, a)p' a)gku/lhs ba/llein.
kai\ to\ me\n
kottabei=on e)kre/mato e)k tou= o)ro/fou u(/ptio/n te kai\ lei=on, xalkou=
pepoihme/non, w(/sper luxni/ou to\ e)pi/qema, o(\ to\n lu/xnon e)p' au)tou=
fe/rei.
kai\ makra/ tis r(a/bdos, h(\n kai\ r(a/bdon kottabikh\n w)no/mazon.
to\ de/ ti h)=n koi/lh tis kai\ periferh\s lekani/s, h(\n kai\ xalkio\n e)ka/
loun kai\ ska/fhn: e)w/|kei de\ po/lw| tw=| ta\s w(/ras deiknu/nti.
kai\ tw=|
me\n e)k tou= o)ro/fou kremame/nw| e)xrh=n e)pikottabi/santa poih=sai/ tina
yo/fon, o(\s kalei=tai la/tac.
tou=to de\ kai\ to\ kottabei=on katakto\n
ko/ttabon *)aristofa/nhs
(
sa/lpiggos.
to\ de\ xalki/on e)peplh/rwto me\n u(/datos, e)pepo/laze d'
au)tw=| sfai=ra kai\ pla/stigc kai\ ma/nhs kai\ trei=s murri/nai kai\ tri/a o)cu/
bafa.
o( d' u(gra=| th=| xeiri\ to\n ko/ttabon a)fei\s kai\ tou/twn tino\s
tuxw\n eu)doki/mei.
o( de\ plei=sta katadu/sas tw=n e)pipolazo/ntwn ta\
kottabei=a to\ a)=qlon e)la/mbanen: e)kalei=to ga\r ou) ta\ a)ggei=a kottabei=a
mo/non, a)lla\ kai\ to\ a)=qlon, h)=n de\ puramou=s kai\ shsamou=s kai\ a)/lla
toiau=ta.
ou) mh\n ei)/poi a)/n tis to\ kottabi/zein e)f' ou(= nu=n, a)ll' e)mei=n
h)\ a)poblu/zein, plh\n ei)/ tis pai/zwn bou/loito ou(/tws u(popteu/ein to\
e)n tw=| *ghruta/dh| u(p' *)aristofa/nous ei)rhme/non
(
to/te me\n sou katekotta/bizon, to\ nuni\ de\ kai\ katemou=si.
ta/xa d' eu)= oi)=d' o(/ti
kai\ kataxe/sontai.
to\ de\ pau=sai th\n e(sti/asin dialu=sai to\ sumpo/sion, diapau=sai
to\ sumpo/sion, lh=cai to\n po/ton, e)kdeipnh=sai, a)panasth=nai tou\s sumpo/
tas, e)canasth=nai, e)celqei=n, a)pallagh=nai, e)pi\ koi/thn trape/sqai.
*toi=s de\ sumpotikoi=s ou)de\n a)\n kwlu/oi proskei=sqai/ tina tw=n
spora/dhn sunwnu/mwn h)\ kai\ a)/llws sunhrmosme/nwn a)llh/lois o)noma/twn.
*tou\s gei/tonas e)rei=s a)stugei/tonas, o(mo/rous, prosxw/rous plh
sioxw/rous perixw/rous, prosoi/kous perioi/kous kai\ perioiki/das po/
leis, geitniw=ntas, prosoikou=ntas paroikou=ntas, e)fori/ous, sunhm
me/nous, u(poikou=ntas parakatoikou=ntas, parakatw|kisme/nous, suno/rous
proso/rous: e)coikou=ntas kai\ e)festi/ous, oi( ga\r a)gxite/rmones diqu
rambw=des.
*gi/netai, fu/etai a)nafu/etai, genna=tai, spei/retai, ti/ktetai, a)/r
xetai, suni/statai, zh=|, tre/fetai a)natre/fetai, sw/zetai, a)nqei= kai\
a)nanqei=.
to\ de\ e)nanti/on fqi/nei, teleuta=|, a)po/llutai, lh/gei, fqei/re
tai, a)fani/zetai, a)poqnh/skei, a)nali/sketai, ktei/netai, a)nairei=tai, dapa
na=tai, foneu/etai, a)nalu/etai, diarrei=, katath/ketai.
*meta/noia, metame/leia, meta/gnwsis, meta/melos, a)nalogismo/s,
e)/nnoia, e)pano/rqwsis, a)na/dusis, a)naxw/rhsis.
kai\ ta\ a)pare/m
fata metanoh=sai, metamelh=sai, metagnw=nai, gnwsimaxh=sai,
a)nalogi/sasqai, e)piqea/sasqai, a)ntilogi/sasqai, e)panorqw/sasqai, a)na
du=nai, a)naxwrh=sai, metabouleu/sasqai, metadoca/sai, a)nayhfi/sasqai,
a)naqe/sqai.
*mo/nimon, be/baion, e)xuro/n, pa/gion, a)sfale/s, a)meta/blhton,
a)meta/gnwston, a)/luton, a)meta/staton, a)neca/leipton, a)/trepton, a)raro/s,
e(sto/s, a)ki/nhton, a)treme/s, i)sxuro/n, a)rrage/s.
*sunomologw=, sunainw=, sugkatati/qemai, summarturw=, pei/qo
mai, o(mognwmonw=, o(modocw=, su/mfhmi, sune/pomai, sundokw=, e)pineu/w,
sunepainw=, su/myhfo/s ei)mi, o(mo/fwnos su/mfwnos.
kai\ sumfe/
romai, a)pe/xomai%, sumpra/ttw, sunagwni/zomai.
to\ d' e)nanti/on e)nan
tiou=mai u(penantiou=mai, a)ntile/gw, a)ntikrou/w, a)ntitei/nw, a)peiqw=,
die/sthka th=| gnw/mh|, dixognwmonw=, a)llodocw= e(terodocw=, a)rnou=mai,
a)pofa/skw a)pole/gw a)pagoreu/w, a)potre/pomai, filoneikw=, a)ntagwni/zo
mai, a)ntipra/ttw, diafwnw=, e)ri/zw, diafe/romai.
ta/xa de\ takte/on
e)pi\ me\n tou= prote/rou kai\ to\ suna/|dein, e)pi\ de\ tou= deute/rou kai\ to\
a)pa/|dein.
*la/los, flu/aros, kompw/dhs, o)xlhro/s, a)perantolo/gos, a)do/lesxos,
koufolo/gos, a)quro/glwssos, glw/ssalgos, proskorh/s, pe/ra ko/rou lh
rw/dhs.
lalia/, fluari/a, a)perantologi/a, koufologi/a, a)dolesxi/a, lh=ros,
glwssalgi/a.
diaqrulw=n ta\ w)=ta, makrolo/gos polulo/gos, baru/s,
e)paxqh/s, flh/nafos, flhnafw=n, th\n glw=ttan o)lisqhro/s, r(hsikopw=n,
a)poknai/wn a)hdi/a|, ko/ptwn ta\ w)=ta, to\ e)k *dwdw/nhs xalkei=on, makro/
tera th=s *)ilia/dos lalw=n, *)alki/nou a)po/logos, a)/paustos glw=tta,
a)nerma/tistos.
ma/thn au)tou= th=| glw/tth| peri/keitai to\ e(/rkos tw=n
o)do/ntwn.
propalh\s glw=tta, pro/xeiros, o)lisqhra/, e)pixeilh/s, e)cwte/rw
tw=n o)do/ntwn, u(pe\r tou\s tw=n xeilw=n o(/rous, *)ara/bios au)lo/s.
*kou=fos, r(a/|dios, eu)meta/bolos, eu)/treptos, eu)tra/pelos, o)cu/r
ropos, metapi/ptwn metarre/wn metatrepo/menos, ou)k e)pi\ th=s au)th=s
do/chs me/nwn, o)/rnis, a)/nemos, ei)kai=os, surfeto/s, au)/ra, pneu=ma, a)ka
ta/statos, r(a/|wn tw=n kwma/twn th\n troph/n, porqmo/s, eu)/ripos, a)pa
gh/s, a)be/baios, a)nerma/tistos, saleu/wn, tou= fe/rontos a)ei\ pneu/matos,
o)cu/teros pterou= th\n r(oph/n.
*ei)s ko/laka: bwmolo/xos, ei)/rwn, xleuasmou= ge/mwn, xleu/hs mesto/s,
xleuastiko/s, a)pathtiko/s, pro\s xa/rin e)ntugxa/nwn, pro\s e)capa/thn
sunw/n, u(piw\n pa/ntas, u(perxo/menos, qw/y qwpeu/wn, qe/ray qera
peu/wn, kolakeu/wn u(perkolakeu/wn, u(pokrith/s, geloi=os katage/la
stos, gelwtopoio/s, poihth\s geloi/wn, geloia/zwn geloiasth/s, lixno
te/nqhs tenqeu/wn, komyo/s, panou=rgos, go/hs, a)patew/n, a)noh/twn qh
reuth/s, trape/zhs fi/los, a)/noian tw=n a)nqrw/pwn kateuxo/menos, mi=mos
geloi/wn, poihth\s ai)sxrw=n a)|sma/twn, ai)sxrolo/gos, kordaki/zwn, mo/qwn,
e)fu/bristos, skwmma/twn sunqe/ths, twqasth/s twqastiko/s, kai\ kata\
tou\s newte/rous para/sitos.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ ku/wn prossai/nwn
prosseshrw/s, e)pisi/tios, lumew\n th=s neo/thtos, a)su/mbolos, parexo/
menos sumbola\s to\n ge/lwta, pa=n a)\n ei)pw\n kai\ pa=n a)\n paqw/n.
*)orgi/los, u(pe/rqumos baru/qumos, a)/metros o)rgh/n, traxu\s o)rgh/n,
e)/kmetros, xolw/dhs e)pi/xolos a)kro/xolos mela/gxolos, o)cu/qumos,
o)cuqumi/as, pikro/s, du/skolos, memyi/moiros, w)mo/s, a)suggnw/mwn, e)/k
plhktos, a)parai/thtos a)para/peistos, a)nepieikh/s a)f' ou(= kai\ to\
pra=gma a)nepiei/keian ei)/rhke *dhmosqe/nhs
(
piw/dhs, skorpi/os zhtw=n o(/tw| e)gxri/myei to\ ke/ntron, *sfh/ttios,
a)nhleh/s, kai\ ta\ *pla/twnos a)tera/mwn
(
(
*(omhriko\n
(*l
(
mikw/teron o( *)aristofa/nous
(
*ki/naidos, po/rnos, a)ka/qartos, bdeluro/s, katapu/gwn, qhludri/as,
gunaiki/as, a)selgh/s, ai)sxrougo/s, a)ko/lastos, malqako/s, h(tairhkw/s,
e)kpeporneume/nos, e)mpeparw|nhme/nos, e)nhselghme/nos, th\n w(/ran peprakw/s,
pro\s a)rgu/rion a)ntikathllagme/nos, tai=s po/rnais o(mo/texnos, tai=s e(tai/
rais prosamillw/menos, kaqubrisme/nos, klu/sma, pa/roinos, a)ndro/gunos,
u(gro/s u(gro/nous, e)kteqhlusme/nos h)\ memalagme/nos, lelugisme/nos, gu/n
nis, qh=lus th\n yuxh/n, eu)wno/teros th\n w(/ran tw=n a)pokekhrugme/nwn
w)ni/wn, th\n neo/thta propepwkw/s, propeth/s, th\n h(liki/an
peprakw/s: moxqhro\n ga\r o( lakko/prwktos, pali/mpratos de\
th\n w(/ran, kai\ paligka/phlos tou= ka/llous, proeime/nos ta\ ka/llista
kai\ peponqw\s ta\ ai)/sxista, ai)sxu/nwn to\ sw=ma, kataisxu/nwn th\n
w(/ran, e)kdedwkw\s ei)s ai)sxu/nhn to\ sw=ma, a)naisxunto/teros tw=n new
te/rwn, i)tamw/teros e(tairw=n, bdelurw/teros, qrasu/teros, e)ponei/
distos, e)pi/rrhtos, e)pi/yogos.
*bi/oi e)f' oi(=s a)/n tis o)neidisqei/h, pornobosko/s, ka/phlos, o)pw
rw/nhs o)pwropw/lhs, telw/nhs dekatw/nhs, dekathlo/gos ei)kostolo/gos
penthkostolo/gos e)llimenisth/s, kh=ruc, nau/ths, pandokeu/s, porqmeu/s,
mastropo/s, u(phre/ths, bursode/yhs skutode/yhs, a)llantopw/lhs.
ei) de\ kai\ mh\ dia\ pasw=n a)ne/lqoi texnw=n to\ o)nei/disma toi=s belti/w
bi/on ai(roume/nois, a)ll' oi(/ ge toiou=toi bi/oi to\ e)ponei/diston e)p' au)toi=s
e)/xousin, ei) kai/ tis e)pime/nei th=| tu/xh|.
*pro\s to\n qorubou=nta to\ dhmo/sion ta/de a)/n tis ei)/poi.
kukw=n
sugkukw=n, qorubw=n, stre/fwn, sugxe/wn, suntara/ttwn, dhmoko/pos,
qrasu/s, prowqw=n a(/pantas, e)lau/nwn, fu/rwn ta\ pa/nta, metaphdw=n a)naph
dw=n e)mpi/ptwn, r(u/mh| fero/menos, stro/bilos, a)/nemos, kataigi/s, xeima/rrous,
a)kata/statos, a)narripi/zwn to\n dh=mon, a)nereqi/zwn, e)kka/wn, a)na
fle/gwn, e)corgi/zwn, parocu/nwn, e)kstasia/zwn, sugkrou/wn pa/ntas
pro\s a)llh/lous, ta/raktron: o( ga\r stro/fis a)/ntikrus kwmiko/n, meta
ba/llwn de\ pa/nta kai\ meqista/s, a)/nw kai\ ka/tw th\n politei/an meta
fe/rwn, a)hdh/s, a)ka/qektos, plh/kths, a)ni/drutos.
ei) de\ kai\ *dhmosqe/
nhs
(
de/xomai to\ tureu/ein.
dunai/mhn d' a)\n ei)pei=n, ti/s to\n toiou=ton po/lis
xwrei=; ti/s d' a)\n to\n toiou=ton a)na/sxoito; ti/s d' a)\n e)ne/gkai, tis
d' a)\n a)nti/sxoi pro\s th\n r(u/mhn au)tou=; tw=| d' e)sti\n a)nekto\s a(/nqrw
pos; ti/ d' a)/prakton au)tw=|, ti/ d' a)to/lmhton; pa/ntolmos a)/nqrwpos,
pa=n a)\n pra/cas, pa=n a)\n ei)pw/n, polu/strofos th\n gnw/mhn, e)pi\ pa/nta
xwrw=n, ou) diakri/nwn ta\ kala\ tw=n ai)sxrw=n, ta\ ka/llista toi=s ai)sxi/
stois sugxe/wn.
o(\s e)pi\ th=s au)th=s timh=s a)reth/n te kai\ kaki/an a)/gei.
o(\s kallwpi/zetai toi=s ai)sxi/stois w(s a)/lloi toi=s a)ri/stois.
o(\s a)dikw=n
semnu/netai ple/on h)\ a)dikou/menos ai)sxu/netai.
o(\s kallwpi/zetai th=|
pleoneci/a|, o(\s kallw/pisma poiei=tai th\n pleoneci/an.
o(\s ta)dikh/mata
tw=| du/nasqai metrei=.
o(\s ai)sxi/w th\n ei)s to\ a)dikei=n a)sqe/neian h(gei=
tai th=s tou= pleonektei=n e)piqumi/as.
w(=| kalo\n mo/non dokei= o(\ bou/
letai.
o(\s i)sxu\n me\n to\ bia/sasqai, to\ d' e)capath=sai sofi/an oi)/etai.
o(\s mo/nhn su/nesin th\n a)pa/thn kalei=.
o(\s mikro\n pa=n o(\ pepoi/hken
h(gei=tai pro\s a(\ bou/letai.
o(\s o(\ pe/praxe dokei= mikro/teron ou(=
pra/cei.
o(\s pro\s ou)de\n tw=n a)di/kwn o)knei=.
o(\s h(gei=tai to\ tolma=n
i)/son tw=| tuxei=n.
o(\s a)\n diama/rth| tolmh/sas, o(/mws e)lpi/sas h(=tton
a)lgei=.
w(=| mhde\n i(kano\n di' a)plhsti/an.
o(\s to\n a)po\ tw=n ai)s
xi/stwn po/ron pro\s eu)prepei/as dokei=.
o(\s dia\ me\n ai)sxroke/rdeian
tro/pou pantaxo/qen lamba/nei, dia\ de\ filarguri/an ei)s ou)de\n di/dw
sin.
w(=| mhde\n ai)sxro/n, w(=| lh=mma pro/sestin, dokei=.
o(\s e)piqumei= me\n
kai\ tw=n e)laxi/stwn di' a)neleuqeri/an, a)rkei=tai d' ou)de\ toi=s megi/stois
di' a)plhsti/an.
o(\s pa=n nomi/zei to\ lhfqe\n e)/latton ou(= lh/yetai.
o(\s
th\n me\n a)ndragaqi/an mataio/thta, th\n de\ a)pragmosu/nhn a)rgi/an, th\n
de\ filotimi/an mani/an, th\n de\ swfrosu/nhn a)tolmi/an, th\n d' e)gkra/
teian a)nandri/an oi)/etai.
w(= to\ mhde\n a)dikei=n a)sqene\s ei)=nai dokei=.
o(\s ai)tei= me\n w(s ou)k a)dikh/swn, a)dikei= d' a)\n la/bh|.
o(\s to\n mh\ do/nta
nomi/zwn e)xqro/n, eu)katafro/nhton to\n dedwko/ta dokei=.
o(\s mo/nous
ou(\s ou)k oi)=den ou)k a)dikei=.
o(\s toi=s me\n e)xqroi=s e)piti/qetai dia\ to/l
man, toi=s de\ fi/lois di' a)pisti/an.
o(\s e)n fili/a| to\ pepisteu=sqai pro
labw/n, au)th=| th=| pi/stei xrh=tai pro\s e)cousi/an a)dikhma/twn.
o(\s th=s
ponhri/as th\n do/can w(s ke/rdos filei=.
o(\s a)docei=n oi)/etai, ponhro\s
w)\n a)\n la/qh|.
o(\s kolakeu/ei me\n e(/kaston w(s eu)= pa/sxwn, misei= de\ w(s
a)dikou/menos.
o(\s a)/xqetai me\n toi=s a)llotri/ois a)gaqoi=s, xai/rei de\ toi=s
a(pa/ntwn kakoi=s.
o(\s i)/son to\ poih=sai ta\ deino/tata tw=| mh\ paqei=n oi)/etai.
o(\s me/giston fronei= tw=| mhde\n i)/son oi(=s e)poi/hse du/nasqai paqei=n.
o(\n oi( me\n ei)do/tes misou=sin, oi( d' ou) memishko/tes a)gnoou=sin.
o(\n
o(/stis ou)k a)gnoei= misei=.
o(\s tw=n me\n fulattome/nwn deili/an kate/g
nwke, tw=n de\ pisteuo/ntwn eu)h/qeian.
o(\s to\n dido/nta me\n kolakeu/ein,
to\n d' ou) dido/nta o)fei/lein u(pei/lhfen.
o(\s ou)x oi(=s e)/labe xai/rei,
a)ll' oi(=s ou) prose/laben a)ganaktei=.
o(\s ou) du/natai me\n paqei=n oi(=a
poiei=, mo/na d' ai)sxu/netai poiei=n o(/sa du/natai paqei=n.
ou(= th\n me\n
a)plhsti/an ou)k a)popi/mplhsin o( didou/s, th\n d' e)piqumi/an ou)x i(/sthsin
o( mh\ didou/s.
o(\s ou)/te to\ me/giston e)lpi/zein ou)/te tou)la/xiston labei=n
ai)sxro\n ei)=nai dokei=.
o(\s ou)/t' ai)sxu/netai toi=s e)laxi/stois ou)/te plh
rou=tai toi=s megi/stois.
o(\s tou\s a)/ndras o(/rkois e)capata=n oi)/etai
dei=n w(s tou\s pai=das a)straga/lois.
o(\s mo/nous au(tou= sofwte/rous
ou(\s ou)k h)di/khken dokei=, o(\s ou)/te paqei=n de/dien ou)/te poiei=n o)knei=.
o(\s toi=s ponhroi=s a)reth=s do/can e)k th=s kaq' au(to\n u(perbolh=s prosti/
qhsin.
di' o(\n tou\s lh|sta\s w(s nomi/mous eu)dokimei=n sumbe/bhken.
di'
o(\n oi( lh|stai\ filanqrwpi/as do/can lamba/nousin, o(\s ou(/te toi=s pro\
au(tou= ponhroi=s parabolh\n katale/loipen ou)/te toi=s meq' e(auto\n u(per
bolh/n.
o(\s th=| to/lmh| tou= paranomei=n th\n pi/stin tou= mh\ sfalh/se
sqai prosti/qhsin.
o(\s ou) to\ e)pixeirei=n a)dikei=n a)lla\ to\ diamartei=n
ai)sxu/netai.
o(\n ou)/te qa/rsos oi)=de r(hto\n ou)/te tw=n a)rrh/twn e)/rgwn
h( a)poxh/.
o(\s mo/non ai)sxro\n o(\ mh\ du/natai nomi/zei.
ou(= to\ para\
fu/sin e)ra=n th=s fu/sews ple/on.
kai\ polla\ a)/n tis toiau=ta sunqei/h.
*ei)s me\n dh\ to\n ou)k a)fronti/stws dokou=nta le/gein e)rei=s e)s
kemme/nos, bebouleume/nos, suggegrafw/s, pefrontikw/s, proewrakw/s,
memerimnhkw/s, probebouleume/nos, sunqei/s, ponh/sas e)kponh/sas e)kponh/sas pro
ponh/sas, talaipwrhqei/s, e)pimelhqei/s, filotimhqei/s, proskamw/n,
prostalaipwrhqei/s, suntaca/menos, paraskeuasa/menos, e)cergasa/
menos, logografh/sas, a)/nw kai\ ka/tw metaqei/s, metagra/yas, ce/sas
diazeu/cas, a(rmo/sas, diasmileu/sas, e)panalabw\n polla/kis, e)panaqea
sa/menos, diakribw/sas, diakaqh/ras e)kkaqh/ras, diagra/yas meta
gra/yas e)corqw/sas, e)kleca/menos, e)panorqwsa/menos, basani/sas, kri/
nas e)pidiakri/nas.
e)skemme/nws bebouleume/nws pefrontisme/nws
suggrafikw=s memerimnhme/nws proewrame/nws probebouleume/nws sug
kei/mena, peponhme/na, e)pipo/nws talaipw/rws logografikw=s sunte
tagme/na, sundedeme/na, pareskeuasme/na, kekolasme/na, diecesme/na, h(r
mosme/na, diesmileume/na, a)potetorneume/na, e)kkekaqarme/na, dihkribw
me/na, e)ceirgasme/na, e)cesme/na, e)ceilegme/na, e)cwrqwme/na, e)phnwrqw
me/na, bebasanisme/na, kekrime/na.
ou)k a)/neu fronti/dos, ou)k e)/cw
pronoi/as, ou) xwri\s meri/mnhs, ou)k a)/neu ske/yews, su\n a(rmoni/a|,
su\n basa/nw|, su\n ta/cei, kri/sei, e)rgasi/a|, a)kribei/a|, talaipwri/a|,
kaqa/rsei, torei/a|.
ei)s de\ to\n a)/neu mele/ths dokou=nta le/gein
pro/xeiros, r(a/|dios, au)tosxedia/zwn kai\ w(s *cenofw=n e)n *lakw/nwn
politei/a|
(
*pla/twnos
(
nhros, r(a/|qumos, a)melh/s, a)fro/ntistos, a)prono/htos, propeth/s, o)li/
gwros, a)talai/pwros, eu)xerh/s, eu)/kolos.
e)k tou= kairou= le/gwn, e)k
tou= paraxrh=ma, e)k tou= paratuxo/ntos e)k tou= tuxo/ntos, di' o)li/
gou, pa=n tou)pio\n le/gwn, e)pixeilh/s, flu/aros, la/los, e)pipolh=s
le/gwn, e)c e(toi/mou, pa=n to\ e)pelqo/n, a)probou/leutos, a)peri/skeptos.
a)basa/nista, a)para/skeua.
a)paraskeu/w| gnw/mh| e)n toi=s peri\ a)lh
qei/as *)antifw=n ei)=pen, a)paraskeu/aston d' e)n tai=s r(htorikai=s te/x
nais_dokou=si d' ou) gnh/siai
(
leutikoi=s prooimi/ois toi=s *dhmosqe/nous
(
ge/graptai.
a)/krita, a)na/rmosta, a)raia/, dialelume/na, diesthko/ta,
a)die/rgasta, a)/cesta, a)fro/ntista, a)probou/leuta.
ta/xa de\ kai\ to\
a)pro/grafa: *(uperei/dhs
(
ke/xrhtai, ei)pw\n "a)probou/leuta kai\ a)proxeiroto/nhta kai\ a)pro/
grafa," e)/xoi d' a)\n e)ntau=qa xw/ran.
a)ne/dhn, xu/dhn, r(u/dhn.
pa/nta
ka/lwn a)nei/s.
proxei/rws, r(a|di/ws, au)tosxedi/ws kai\ au)tosxedi/ous
lo/gous, a)po/nws, a)ske/ptws, r(a|qu/mws, a)melw=s, a)fronti/stws, a)pronoh/
tws, a)talaipw/rws, eu)xerw=s, eu)ko/lws, flua/rws, a)probouleu/tws,
a)periske/ptws a)proske/ptws, a)basani/stws, a)paraskeu/ws, a)dierga/
stws, a)kri/tws, a)narmo/stws.
su\n a)poni/a|, r(a|qumi/a, propetei/a|, eu)xe
rei/a|, eu)koli/a|, lalia=|, a)narmosti/a|.
h( d' e)n toi=s *pla/twnos no/mois
(
*ei)s to\n o)li/ga u(p' a)sqenei/as le/gonta a)/poros a)/logos, a)/fw
nos, a)para/skeuos, o)li/gos, braxu/s, smikro/s, r(ani/s, yaka/s, i)xqu/s,
i)xqu/wn a)fwno/teros, a)perramme/nos to\ sto/ma, a)pestomisme/nos a)pe
stramme/nos th\n glw=ttan, a)/glwttos, a)mh/xanos, a)du/natos, a)sqenh/s.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata a)pori/a, a)logi/a, a)fwni/a, o)ligo/ths, braxu/ths,
smikro/ths, a)glwtti/a, a)mhxani/a, a)dunami/a a)dunasi/a, a)sqe/neia.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)po/rws, a)lo/gws, a)fw/nws, a)glw/ttws, a)mhxa/nws, a)duna/tws, a)sqenw=s.
ei) d' o)li/ga me\n le/goi, kri/sis
de/ tis au)tw=| prosei/h, braxu/s braxulo/gos, su/ntomos, au)ta/rkhs,
a)rtieph/s, safh/s, a)poxrw=n u(perapoxrw=n, a)rti/stomos, polu/nous ma=l
lon h)\ polulo/gos, perieptisme/nos, diesmileume/nos, a)kribh/s h)kribw
me/nos, h)peigme/nos, kekolasme/nos, bebasanisme/nos, kekrime/nos, bra
xe/si r(h/masi polu\n nou=n a)pagge/llwn, ou) le/gein ma=llon h)\ dida/skein
to\ safe\s ei)dw/s, ou) me/xri tw=n w)/twn qe/lgwn, polunoi/a ma=llon h)\
polulogi/a| xai/rwn.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata de\ ta/xos, suntomi/a,
au)ta/rkeia, braxulogi/a, safh/neia, a)rtifwni/a a)rtilogi/a a)rtistomi/a,
a)kri/beia, ba/sanos, kri/sis.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata taxe/ws, sunto/mws,
au)ta/rkws, braxe/ws, safw=s, h)peigme/nws, a)rtifw/nws a)rtilo/gws a)rti
sto/mws, polu/nws, a)kribw=s, perieptisme/nws, kekolasme/nws, bebasa
nissme/nws, diesmileume/nws, kekrime/nws.
pau=ra me\n le/gwn a)lla\
ma/la lige/ws.
*ei)s de\ to\n polla\ ou) mh\n kekrime/na le/gonta, polulo/gos,
makrolo/gos, makro/s, a)pe/rantos a)perantolo/gos, bo/rboros, proskorh/s,
kuklobo/ros xeima/rrous xara/dra, surfeto/s, a)/metros a)metroeph/s,
qo/rubos, flh/nafos, a)xali/nwtos to\ sto/ma, a)krath\s th\n glw=ttan,
o)lisqhro/s, qolero/s qolw/dhs, i)luw/dhs, a)xa/linon sto/ma, a)krath\s
glw=tta, lh/rous makrou\s a)potei/nwn, flu/aros, fluari/as ei)/rwn, ou)
le/gein dunato\s a)lla\ siwpa=n a)du/natos.
ei)s de\ to\n meta\ duna/
mews ei)s to\ plh=qos parerxo/menon polu/s, eu)/rous, r(o/qios, eu)/poros,
a)/fqonos, sfodro/s, bi/aios, parasu/rwn pare/lkwn parafe/rwn, sugklu/
zwn, phga/s tinas a)fiei/s, o)/mbros, nifeto/s, potamo/s, pukno/s, sunexh/s,
a)/ptaistos, la/bros, pollw=| r(e/wn, a)nempo/distos, e)peida\n lu/sh| to\
sto/ma, e)peida\n a)fh=| th\n glw=ttan, e)peida\n proxe/h| th\n fwnh\n, e)peida\n
e)kxe/h| tou\s lo/gous: ti/s a)\n e)ne/gkai to\n w)qismo\n tw=n au)tou= r(hma/
twn, to\n r(oi=zon tw=n o)noma/twn, to\ r(eu=ma th=s fwnh=s, to\ pneu=ma, to\n
to/non, th\n pukno/thta, to\n kataklusmo/n, th\n sfodro/thta, th\n bi/an,
th\n i)sxu/n, th\n megalofwni/an, th\n eu)/roian, th\n megalo/noian, th\n
lamprofwni/an, to\ u(yhlo/noun, th\n lampro/thta, th\n u(yhlologi/an,
th\n kallifwni/an, to\n r(ou=n tw=n lo/gwn, to\n qo/rubon th=s fwnh=s;
ti/s ou(/tw potamo\s pollu/rous; ti/s ou(/tws e)pi/dromos; *)alfeio/s
*pamiso/s *)axelw=|os *)wkeano/s, *nei=los.
*)/istros a)\n mh\ pagh=|.
*)ec a)dikhma/twn o)no/mata, e)f' oi(=s ei)si\ di/kai kai\ grafai/.
kle/pths, toixwru/xos balantioto/mos, tumbwru/xos, moixo/s, a)ndrofo/nos, lwpodu/ths, i(ero/sulos, prodo/ths, r(i/yaspis.
e)pi\ de\ tou/tou
o( *pla/twn
(
o)noma/zoit' a)\n dikai/ws, a)poboleu\s d' o(/plwn:" *)aristofa/nhs
(
de\ le/gei r(i/yaspin.
au)to/molos, a)rgo/s, a)xa/ristos, a)sebh/s, dei
lo/s, a)stra/teutos, lipostratiw/ths, tu/rannos, a)ndrapodisth/s, far
makeu/s farmako/s farmaki/s, dwrodo/kos, lh|sth/s, katapontisth/s,
po/rnos, patraloi/as mhtraloi/as, bi/aios, u(bristh/s, kakh/goros, su
kofa/nths.
a(\ d' ou)k e)/stin e(ni\ o)no/mati ei)pei=n a)lla\ metoxai=s, bou
leu/wn turanni/da, katalu/wn th\n politei/an, e)pi\ katalu/sei tou= dh/mou
suniw/n, ta\ dikasth/ria deka/zwn, e)capatw=n to\n dh=mon h)\ th\n bou
lh\n h)\ to\ dikasth/rion, ta\ yeudh= marturw=n.
oi( me\n ga\r yeu
doma/rtures ei)/rhntai para\ *kriti/a|
(
ma/rtus ou)k oi)=d' ei)/ pou: kai\ to\ yeudomarturei=n o( au)to/s pou le/gei.
kai\ *dhmosqe/nhs
(
pipra/skwn to\n
e)leu/qeron, paranomw=n, e)klei/pwn th\n nau=n, parabai/nwn sunqh/kas.
kai\ e(/tera d' e)/stin a)dikh/mata w(=n tou\s a)dikh/santas ou)k e)/stin o)noma/
zein, a)logi/ou, kakw/sews, a)popomph=s, e)pitroph=s, a)polei/yews, para
presbei/as, e)cou/lhs, si/tou, karpou=, lipomarturi/ou lipotaci/ou liponau
ti/ou, ei(rgmou=, kakou= h)/qous, kakou= bi/ou, ai)ki/as, bla/bhs, a)pagwgh=s,
bouleu/sews, dh/mou katalu/sews, dhmosi/wn a)dikhma/twn, dwroceni/as,
ceni/as, yeudeggrafh=s yeudoklhtei/as, a)postasi/ou a)prostasi/ou,
parano/mwn, a)pro/sklhton di/khn ei)selqei=n, th\n mh\ ou)=san laxei=n,
parakataqh/khn a)posterh=sai, kataba/llein, titrw/skein.
kai\ peri\ tou/
twn kai\ metoxai=s e)/sti xrh=sqai.
*(/osa a)/n tis ei)/poi e)k tou= o(mo su/nqeta.
o(mo/spondos o(mo/sitos,
o(moh/qhs, o(mo/tropos, o(mo/doulos, o(mo/nous, o(mo/fwnos, o(mo/glwttos,
o(motra/pezos, o(mo/fulos, o(mo/dhmos, o(mwro/fios, o(mo/timos, o(mo/texnos,
o(mo/skhnos, o(modi/aitos, o(mognw/mwn, o(momh/trios o(mopa/trios, o(mw/
numos, o(mo/xrws, o(mo/yhfos, o(mobw/mios, o(mogenh/s o(mo/gonos, o(mo
eidh/s, o(momh/twr o(mopa/twr, o(moqumado/n, o(mologi/a: o( ga\r o(mo/logos
bi/aio/n te o(mou= kai\ eu)tele/s.
o(mo/titqon de\ *dei/narxos
(
ei)/rhken, kai\ *pla/twn o(mo/tropon
(
`256 ao(mo/docon d' a)\n ei)/pois,
*pla/twnos
(
tw=n *)attikw=n, to\ d' o(moerkh\s sklhro/n, ei) kai\ para\ *so/lwni
(?
).
o(mopte/rous de\ tou\s o(mo/trixas ei)po/ntos *eu)ripi/dou
(
tis
(
*)ek de\ tou= sun ta/de su/nqeta.
su/llogos, su/nodos, su/gklhtos,
sunekklhsiasth/s, su/mboulos, su/ssitos sussiti/a, sumpo/ths, sullogeu/s,
sustratiw/ths, su/nedros, su/skhnos, sustra/thgos suntra/pezos, sune
rasth/s, su/mplous, su/ntrofos, sunergo/s, suggenh/s, sunagwnisth/s,
suntelh/s, sunqeath/s, su/noros, summelh/s, su/myhfos, suspe/ndwn,
sunomnu/menos, sunwmo/ths, sumpre/sbeis, suni/stores, kai\ su/stasis, sum
metri/a, sumfwni/a, sunauli/a, su/gxusis o(/rkwn.
suna/rxwn, su/nqhros,
sunippeu/s, sunwri/s, suggewrgo/s, sugkunhge/ths, sugkle/pths, sumpa
rasta/ths, sunodoipo/ros, su/mbios, sustasiw/ths, su/zuc, summori/ths.
sunqea/trian de\ kai\ sullh/ptrian *)aristofa/nhs
(
o( d'
au)to\s kai\ sugkoi/tas
(
ei)/rhke de\ kai\ su/mpoda
(
ei)/h d' a)\n e)k tou/twn kai\ suntuxi/a.
*pla/twn
(
summaqhta\s e)/fh kai\ su/noyin oi)keio/thtos
(*eu)/polis
(
de\ sumbi/otoi sumpa/roikoi, kai\ sunh/likes d' o( au)to\s
(
*dei/narxos
(
kai\ sumbouleuth\n ei)/rhken, h( de\ kwmw|di/a kai\ sugkhdesth/n.
ta\ d' e)k
tou/twn parago/mena r(h/mata kai\ pra/gmata kai\ e)pirrh/mata a)pe/
ranta a)\n ei)/h tw=| boulome/nw| le/gein.
e)k de\ tou= h(mi ta/de ta\ o)no/mata.
h(mimanh/s, h(mimaqh/s, h(miplh/
rwton h(mi/plewn h(mi/meston, h(midee/s, h(mime/dimnos h(mimo/xqhros,
h(mi/tomon, h(mi/draxmon, h(miwbo/lion, h(mi/ekton_kai\ h(miekte/on
*)aristofa/nhs
(
h(mi/ergon, h(mitele/s, h(mipoi/hton, h(mi/qrauston, h(mi/fauston, h(mi/fra
kton, h(mi/flekton, h(mi/opta, h(mi/efqa, h(mi/brwta, h(mite/lesta, h(mi/
kranon, h(mi/kraira, h(mimo/rion, h(miqnh/s, h(mime/qusos, h(mitum
pa/nistos, h(mi/gumnos, h(mi/qeos, h(mita/lanton, h(miklh/rion.
h(mi/loutoi
de\ *krati=nos
(
h(mi/plektoi, h(mima/shtoi de\ *kra/ths
(
*)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ h(mi/kakon d' *eu)klei/dhs
(
(
xos
(
(tw=n me/ntoi *mena/ndrou
(
fue\s kai\ h(mi/grafon a)nekta/, to\ d' h(mila/stauron pampo/nhron.
ta/de me/ntoi e)k tou= pan su/nqeta.
pa/gkalos, pa/gkakos,
panou=rgos, pa/ndhmos.
kai\ pagka/lws kai\ pagka/kws, kai\ w(s
*pla/twn
(pampa/laion,
pa/mmega pamme/geqes, pamplhqe/s pa/mpolu, pa/mmhkes, pampoi/kilon,
pantodapo/n, pantoi=on, panse/lhnos, panarmo/nion, panage/s, panw/lhs,
pa/ntolmos, pammi/aron, pampo/nhron, pa/nsofon, pantele/s, pa/ndeinon,
pa/ndhlon.
kai\ ta\ *qoukudi/dou
(
sudi/
(kai\ ta\ *pla/twnos pamplou/sios
(
(ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\
paggenei/, panstratia=|, panaisxe/s, pamprasi/a, pandaisi/a, panqoini/a,
pagkarpi/a, panopli/a.
*)antifw=n
(
panoikesi/a| e)/fh.
panh/meros pa/nnuxos: tou=ton de\ paneu/frona *kra
ti=nos
(pandokeu/s pandokeu/tria.
kai\ w(s *krati=nos
(
kai\ *panaqh/naia de\ kai\ *paniw/nia kai\ *panaitw/lia kai\ *pamboiw/tia
kai\ *pa/ndia.
e)k de\ tou= pa/lin ta/de su/nqeta.
pali/mbolos, pali/mpratos,
paligka/phlos, pali/ntropos, pali/gkotos: to\ ga\r pali/norsos poih
tiko/n
(
*dei/narxos
(
pali/m
phga d' oi( kwmikoi\
(
palindori/an.
kai\ pali/ndikon to\n polla/kis dikazo/menon, kai\ pali/g
glwsson to\n kako/fhmon.
e)k de\ tou= tri triplou=n, tri/draxmon, tri/mnoun, trita/lanton,
trista/thros xlamu/s, trithmo/rion, triko/llubon, tritosta/ths e)n xorw=|
trito/statos, tri/doulos, trimi/tion, tritagwnisth/s, trih/rhs, tri/polos
gh=: tri/klustos d' *)aristofa/nhs
(triskata/ptustos,
trittua/rxhs, tri/palai: to\ ga\r tripe/rusin h)re/ma fortiko/n.
triska
kodai/mwn kai\ a)/lla toiau=ta.
e)k de\ tou= filo ta/de su/nqeta filo/dhmos filo/polis, filo
stratiw/ths, filoprosh/goros, filo/neikos, filo/sofos, filo/kalos,
file/tairos, filoba/rbaros file/llhn, filolo/gos filh/koos, filaqh/naios,
filoxrh/matos filo/xrusos fila/rguros, fi/loinos filopo/ths, filo/qeos,
filo/dikos, filalh/qhs, filopra/gmwn, filapo/dhmos, filoskw/mmwn,
filopo/lemos, filai/tios, filegklh/mwn, fi/leris, *)/alecis
(
de\ kai\ fileristh\n ei)=pen giloge/lws filoki/ndunos, fi/lergos, fila
nalw/ths, filotu/rannos, falapexqh/mwn, filoqea/mon, filoqe/wron d'
au)to\n *)/alecis
(filoloi/doros, fila/nqrwpos, fi
lokerdh/s, filo/dwros, filo/pais filo/teknos filo/storgos filogu/nhs,
filo/qhros filo/mousos, filosw/matos filo/yuxos, filo/cenos filoikti/r
mwn filo/ploutos, fi/lupnos, filokunhge/ths, filogewrgo/s, filo/kubos,
filoxwrw=n fi/lippos, filofrosu/nh, ta/xa kai\ filo/frwn a)p' au)th=s
kai\ filoxwri/a, i)/sws kai\ filo/xwros, filotexni/a filo/texnos.
*)ari
stofa/nhs de/ pou
(
nhs d' o( kwmiko\s
(
e)k d' au)th=s o( filo/docos.
e)/legon d' oi( poihtai\ kai\ filo/strofon to\n
eu)meta/bolon, *dei/narxos
(
*filwni/dhs
(
o( qeo/filos to\ filei=n e)/xei: o( ga\r gunaikofilh\s e)n tai=s *poluzh/lou
*mousw=n gonai=s
(
ta/de me/ntoi e)k tou= kako su/nqeta.
kakodai/mwn, kakou=rgos,
kakolo/gos kakh/goros, kakopra/gmwn w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
kako/bios, kako/boulos, kako/nous w(s *)antifw=n
(
frosu/nh.
kai\ e)k tou/tou a)\n ei)/h o( kako/frwn, kai\ kako\s kakw=s
a)po/loito.
e)k de\ tou= polu ta/de su/nqeta.
polupra/gmwn, polulo/gos,
poluh/koos, poluqea/mwn, polu/fwnos, polumelh/s, polu/xeir, polu/
glwttos polu/fhmos, polu/tropos, polu/ponos, polupla/nhtos, po
lupo/reutos, polu/nous, polu/rrous, polupro/swpos, poluxrh/matos
polu/xrusos, polusw/matos, polui/+stwr, polukth/mwn, polua/rguros
polu/xalkos, polu/puros polu/oinos polu/sitos, polupo/ths, polua/n
qrwpos polupro/batos poluqre/mmwn polu/doulos, polu/andros
polugu/nhs polu/pais, polu/pous, polua/delfos, polu/qhros, polu/
dendros polu/ulos polu/udros, polu/culos, poluskw/mmwn, polutelh/s,
polu/timos, polueidh/s, polugenh/s, polu/morfos, poluanqh/s, polu
sxh/mwn.
e)k de\ tou= miso su/nqeta: miso/dhmos miso/polis, misolo/gos, mi
sopo/nhros, mi/sergos, misa/nqrwpos miso/qeos, misogu/nhs miso/teknos,
mi/sippos, miso/qhros, misofi/lippos misale/candros, misaqh/naios, miso
tu/rannos, mise/tairos miso/cenos, misoba/rbaros mise/llhn, misoprosh/
goros, misapo/dhmos, misope/rshs w(s *cenofw=n
(
e)k de\ tou= megalo su/nqeta megalopra/gmwn, megalhgo/ros, me
galourgo/s, megalo/misqos, megalognw/mwn, megalo/yuxos, megalo/qu
mos, megalo/tolmos, megalo/fwnos, megalopoli/ths, megalo/ploutos, me
galo/dwros, mega/lauxos, megalo/frwn.
e)k de\ tou= i)so ta/de su/nqeta i)so/nomos, i)sotelh/s, i)so/timos, i)so
poli/ths i)sopolitei/a, i)sh/goros i)shgori/a, i)sosta/sion, i)some/trhton,
i)soplhqe/s, i)so/mhkes, i)some/geqes, i)soxeile/s, i)so/pedon, i)sa/riqmon, i)so
nomi/a, i)somoiri/a, i)shgori/a, i)sokrati/a i)sopalei=s, i)sokratei=s, i)so/yhfoi,
i)so/dromoi, i)so/zuges.
*)/arxippos d' o( kwmiko\s
(
xruson ei)/rhken.
to\ d' i)soqa/naton *sofokle/ous ei)po/ntos e)n *kreou/sh|
(
*ta/de me/ntoi o(/moia tw=| sxh/mati th=s le/cews, ou) shmai/nonta
me\n tau)to/n, e)oiko/ta de\ th=| i)de/a.
kataloga/dhn le/gein, loga/dhn
a)qroi/zein, a)risti/ndhn e)kle/gein, plouti/ndhn katale/gein, a)naba/dhn kaq
i/zein, a)pota/dhn tre/xein, sullh/bdhn ei)pei=n, o)rqosta/dhn a)gwni/zesqai,
susta/dhn ma/xesqai, a)/ddhn e)sqi/ein, kru/bdhn pra/ttein, spora/dhn
e(sta/nai, fora/dhn komi/zesqai, a)ne/dhn parainei=n, xu/dhn dapana=n, sxe/dhn
e)lau/nein, a)gxisti/ndhn gamei=n: to\ ga\r fura/dhn kai\ r(u/dhn ou)k oi)=da
ei) a)nekta/.
kai\ ta/de a)/lla tou= au)tou= sxh/matos.
probolh\ a)dikh/matos,
katabolh\ puretou=, sumbolh\ stratope/dou, diabolh\ kakourgh/matos,
e)pibolh\ tolmh/matos, e)pibolh\ zhmi/as, a)nabolh\ pra/gmatos, ei)sbolh\
stratou=, e)kbolh\ lo/gou, parabolh\ pra/gmatos, e)mbolh\ a)gwgi/mwn,
u(perbolh\ dapanhma/twn, metabolh\ kakw=n.
w(sau/tws kai\ ta/de.
stefa/nwn a)na/rrhsis, a)nago/reusis timw=n,
sta/sis ei)ko/nwn, a)nakh/rucis a)qlhtw=n, ei)sh/ghsis yhfisma/twn, bou/lhsis
a)ndrw=n, eu(/resis xrhsmw=n, proai/resis bi/ou, pro/klhsis e)n di/kh|,
kata/stasis a)rxh=s, lh=cis di/khs, parai/thsis timwri/as, a)nti/dosis
ou)si/as, lipa/rhsis pre/sbewn, e)ceggu/hsis o)fei/lontos, a)mfisbh/thsis
e)piklh/rou, mi/sqwsis oi)/kou, e)/nteucis a)ndro/s, e)/ktisis di/khs, a)po/
drasis stratia=s, a)po/basis e)k new=n, su/nqesis r(hma/twn, fa/sis
e)gklhma/twn, a)na/pausis kama/twn, e)/ndeicis a)dikh/matos, e)kpoi/hsis
te/knwn, i)/asis no/swn, u(po/sxesis xa/ritos, ti/mhsis di/khs, u(poti/mhsis
timh/matos, a)ntiti/mhsis protimh/matos, a)gana/kthsis gnw/mhs, e)pith/
deusis sofi/as, a)po/stasis u(phko/wn, su/gxusis politei/as, eu(/resis
pragma/twn, o)/yis xrwma/twn, e)gxei/rhsis to/lmhs, kra=sis w(rw=n,
te/ryis a)koh=s, ske/yis dh/mou, sxe/sis a(yi=dos, e(/cis o(/plwn, bou/leusis
fo/nou, me/llhsis pra/cewn, mh/nusis a)dikhma/twn su/llecis xrhma/twn,
a)nasu/ntacis fo/rwn, a)po/lausis tu/xhs, me/myis gnw/mhs, ai(/resis
frouri/ou, a)po/feucis a)postasi/ou, kai\ polla\ a)/lla toiau=ta.
kai\ ta/de o(moi/ou sxh/matos.
dei=gma e)/ndeigma, bou/lhma, bou/leuma
no/misma, mi/mhma, qe/ama, ba/disma, to/ceuma, para/deigma, to/lmhma,
fro/nhma, ki/nhma, ti/mhma prosti/mhma, a)ci/wma, pla/sma, ptai=sma, qau=ma,
oi)/khma, ku=ma, na=ma, do/gma, e)pano/rqwma, eu(/rhma, e)ru/qhma, qh/rama,
no/hma, sukofa/nthma, ai)si/wma, e)nanti/wma, pleone/kthma, e)la/ttwma,
a)gno/hma, kh/rugma, trau=ma, blh=ma, a)tu/xhma, no/shma, a)rrw/sthma, su/n
qhma, e)pith/deuma, e)piqu/mhma, parano/mhma, plh/rwma, kakou/rghma,
lh=mma, yeu=sma, so/fisma, i(/druma, a)se/bhma, toixwru/xhma, a)naisxu/n
thma, e)pixei/rhma e)gxei/rhma, loido/rhma, e(/rma, ma/nteuma, e)pite/lesma,
di/dagma, fru/agma, kau/xhma, au)/xhma, a)lazo/neuma, au)/lhma, pa/qhma,
kau=ma, fle/gma, sxh=ma, zw=sma, zeu=gma, a)/skhma, ble/mma, o)/mma,
a)=sqma, pneu=ma, newte/risma, neani/euma, sthli/teuma, e)pitei/xisma, mh
xa/nhma, meseggu/hma, kallw/pisma, stefa/nwma, pe/mma, a)gw/nisma,
ge/nnhma, pai/deuma, qre/mma, ma/qhma, mnh=ma u(po/mnhma, gew/rghma,
ple/gma, e)/gklhma, a)/kousma, u(po/dhma, oi)kodo/mhma, r(h=gma, pro/sptaisma
e)pi/ptaisma, stre/mma, a)na/qhma, ai)/sqhma, kindu/neuma, eu)erge/thma,
koinw/nhma, e)rw/thma, plh/rwma, skaiw/rhma, su/ggramma, xara/kwma,
e)/desma brw=ma, pw=ma po/ma, a)/rtuma h(/dusma, to/reuma, ponh/reuma,
a)=|sma, o)du/rmata, qurw/mata, ai)ki/smata, a)rgurw/mata, brw/mata, qu/mata,
suxna/smata, kwlu/mata, pei/smata, zhth/mata w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(?
),
a)mfisbhth/mata, bla/mmata, peritri/mmata, paipa/lhma, pa/thma, o(/plisma
do/casma de\ *pla/twn ei)=pe
(
sthma, *)antifw=n
(dikai/wma, r(h=gma
fra/gma, ba/mma: to\ ga\r kw=ma, o(/per e)pi\ th=s karhbari/as le/gousi
th=s r(epou/shs ei)s u(/pnon, ou) pa/nu e)painw=, w(/sper ou)de\ to\ dra/mhma
ou)de\ to\ kw/kuma, ou)de\ to\ par' *(uperei/dh|
(
*tau)to\n d' e)sti\n a)nafugh/, a)pofugh/, a)nafora/, a)naxw/rhsis,
a)postrofh/.
a)nafugei=n, a)pofugei=n, a)nenegkei=n, a)naxwrh=sai e)p
anaxwrh=sai.
kai\ a)naqe/sqai de\ e)pi\ tou= au)tou=.
w(sau/tws tau)to/n e)sti trufa=n, h(dupaqei=n, qru/ptesqai a)na
teqru/fqai, e)kdedih|th=sqai, xlida=n.
to\ ga\r qermeru/nesqai kai\ kixlidia=n
kwmika\ me\n
(
biazome/nw| d' a)\n ei)s xrh=sin e)/lqoi kai\ to\ skiastrofei=sqai.
ta\ de\
pra/gmata trufh/, h(dupa/qeia, qru/yis, e)kdiai/thsis, xlidh/, skiatrofi/a:
oi( d' e)skiatrofhme/noi skiatrofi/ai kalou=ntai.
kai\ metoxai\ d' a)po\
pa/ntwn.
o)/noma d' a)p' ou)deno\s o(/ti mh\ xlidano/s, ta/xa kai\ o( qru
ptiko/s.
e)pi/rrhma de\ qruptikw=s kai\ e)kdedih|thme/nws, fau=lon de\ to\
e)skiatrofhme/nws, kai\ bi/aion to\ xlidanw=s.
e)pi\ tau)tou= le/goit' a)\n dwrea/, timh/, a)=qlon, ge/ras, misqo/s, e)pi/xeira.
i)di/ws de\ i)atrw=| me\n sw=stra kai\ swth/ria kai\ i)atrei=a, tw=| de\ paideu/onti dida
skalei=a, tw=| de\ stratiw/th| a)ristei=a kai\ e)pini/kia kai\ nikhth/ria, w(s a)qlhth=|
a)=qla kai\ xeirote/xnh| e)pi/xeira kai\ a)gge/lw| eu)agge/lia kai\ tw=| fe/ronti ko/
mistra, w(s eu)erge/th| xaristh/ria kai\ tw=| mhnu/santi mh/nutra kai\ trofei=
qre/ptra.
le/gois d' a)\n dwrei=sqai, tima=n, gerai/rein: *cenofw=n
(le/goito
d' a)\n e)pi\ tou/twn kai\ to\ a)mei/besqai.
a)mfi/bolos d' h( a)moibh/: e)/sti
me\n ga\r par' *)arxilo/xw|
(
to\ de\ par' *(omh/rw|
(a
*pla/twni e)n *sumposi/w|
(
*(o d' e)p' a)frodisi/ois maino/menos la/gnhs a)\n kai\ la/gnos r(h
qei/h, lagni/statos, lagneu/wn, ei)s *)afrodi/thn nosw=n, a)selgai/nwn,
a)kolastai/nwn, pornokopw=n, pornoboskoi=s sunw/n, e(tairizo/menos_
ou(/tw ga\r oi( kwmikoi\
(
peri\ ta\s e(tai/ras e)/xonta_ei)s h(dona\s e)kkexume/nos, gunaimanh/s,
e(tai/rais sumbiou/s, e(tairisth/s, peri\ ta\s tw=n e(tairw=n qu/ras keku
lindhme/nos, ma/xlos, o)rgw=n, e)n oi)kh/mati zw=n, e)n matrulei/ois,
e)n a)swtei/ois, e)n kasaurei/ois, ei) mh\ sfo/dra poihtiko\n
(
eq 1282le/goito d' a)\n kai\ o( du/serws kai\ o( duserwtiw=n.
kai\ e)rw
tomanw=n, kai\ o( e)rwtomanh\s kai\ o( qrh/nerws kai\ mishnerw/s.
kai\ mishto\n me/ntoi to\n toiou=ton oi( kwmikoi\
(
kalou=si, kai\ mishth\n th\n ma/xlon: tau/thn d' ou)x e(tai/ran mo/non a)lla\
kai\ po/rnhn kai\ xamaitu/phn kai\ a)selgh= kai\ a)ko/laston kai\ r(a|di/an
kai\ eu)xerh= kai\ pro/xeiron kai\ moixeu/trian.
to\ de\ pra=gma lagnei/an,
a)se/lgeian, a)kolasi/an, eu)xe/reian, r(a|stw/nhn, maxlosu/nhn, e(tai/rhsin,
pornei/an, mishti/an.
*dwrodo/kos r(h/twr, dedwrodokhme/nos, dedekasme/nos, dief
qarme/nos, e)pi\ misqw=| le/gwn, e)p' a)rguri/w|, e)pi\ xrh/masi politeuo/menos,
e)pi\ th=s tou= lamba/nein w)\n proaire/sews, pro\s tou= dido/ntos, w)\n
panto\s tou= dido/ntos, misqodotou/menos misqarnw=n, misqoforw=n,
misqofo/ros, misqwto/s, katamisqoforw=n, pro\s a)rgu/rion r(e/pwn,
pro\s to\ baru=non, u(potiqei\s th\n xei=ra toi=s lh/mmasi, peprame/nos,
pali/mpratos, e)/mmisqos, th\n fwnh\n pipra/skwn, a)podo/menos, pwlw=n,
a)pempolw=n, a)pokhru/ttwn, a)pomisqw=n, ke/rdei th\n eu)daimoni/an metrw=n,
filokerdh/s ai)sxrokerdh/s.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata dwrodoki/a, dekasmo/s,
diafqora/, misqarni/a misqofori/a, misqodosi/a, pra=sis, a)po/dosis a)pem
po/lhsis, filoke/rdeia ai)sxroke/rdeia.
o( d' e)nanti/os a)/dwros, a)dw
rodo/khtos, a)de/kastos, a)mi/sqwtos, a)dia/fqoros, a)na/rguros, a)/pratos
e)leu/qeros, krei/ttwn lhmma/twn, a)ntible/pwn pro\s a)rgu/rion, ou) kaqel
ko/menos u(po\ lh/mmatos, ou) baruno/menos.
*tau)to/n e)stin a)nairei=n, foneu/ein, ktei/nein a)poktei/nein a)poktei
nu/ein a)pokteinu/nai, sfa/ttein a)posfa/ttein_*qoukudi/dhs
(
de\ kai\ e)/sfazon le/gei_dolofonei=n miaifonei=n, a)poxra=sqai diaxra=sqai.
ta\ de\ o)no/mata a)ndrofo/nos foneu/s foniko/s, sfageu/s, miaifo/nos:
a)po\ de\ tw=n a)/llwn metoxai/.
sfageu\s me/ntoi para\ *sofoklei=
(ta\ de\ pra/gmata a)nai/resis, fo/nos, sfagh/,
miaifoni/a, a)ndrofoni/a.
e)pi/rrhma de\% kai\ mo/non fonikw=s.
tau)to/n e)stin a)/fnw, e)cai/fnhs, e)capi/nhs, ai)fni/dion, e)capi/naion,
<ai)fnidi/ws
> e)capinai/ws.
xrhste/on d' e)pi\ tou/tou kai\ tw=| a)prosdokh/tws,
ta/xa de\ kai\ tw=| a)nelpi/stws kai\ e)c a)prosdokh/tou kai\ a)nelpi/stou.
tau)to/n e)stin u(poxwrei=n, e)kxwrei=n, u(papie/nai, u(palla/ttesqai
u(pecie/nai, u(pafi/stasqai u(peci/stasqai, e)kkle/ptein e(auto\n
kai\ u(pokle/ptein e(autou/s.
ta/xa d' a)\n ei)s tau)to\n sunteloi= kai\ to\ spei/resqai diaspei/resqai,
diaskeda/nnusqai h)\ w(s *cenofw=n
(?
) diaski/dnasqai, h)\ diapeforh=sqai
w(s *kriti/as
(
kai\ to\ au)tw=n me/ros, o(/son e)sti\n e)p' au)toi=s, to\ kat'
au)tou/s, to\ e)p' au)tou\s h(=kon, to\ e)p' au)toi=s.
*kriti/as de/ pou/ fhsin
(
*ou)si/a, klh=ros, kth=sis, periousi/a, plou=tos, bi/os, xrh/mata
eu)xrhmati/a poluxrhmati/a, eu)kthmosu/nh polukthmosu/nh, kth/mata,
e)pikarpi/a, ta\ u(pa/rxonta, ta\ o)/nta.
eu)/klhros baqu/klhros, po
lukth/mwn, plou/sios baqu/ploutos, poluxrh/matos.
kai\ a)/bios,
e)/mbios w(\s *)antifw=n
(
twn
(?
) w(s de\ kai\ eu)xrhmonei=n to\ ploutei=n kai\ a)xrh
monei=n to\ pe/nesqai ei)=pen.
tou=to de\ kai\ a)porei=n kai\ ptwxeu/ein,
misqarnei=n, qhteu/ein, a)gei/rein, prosaitei=n.
kai\ o( pe/nhs a)/poros, a)xrh/
matos, a)kth/mwn, a)/klhros, e)ndew=s pra/ttwn, a)po/rws pra/ttwn, e)n
peni/a| kaqesthkw/s, spani/zwn: e)c w(=n kai\ peni/a, a)klhri/a, a)pori/a,
a)xrhmosu/nh a)xrhmati/a, a)kthmosu/nh, spa/nis, e)/ndeia e)/kdeia, e)pi/leiyis.
i)di/ws de\ tou\s me\n plousi/ous kai\ tou\s paxei=s kai\ tou\s o)li/gous
kai\ tou\s e)ndo/cous kai\ tou\s belti/ous kai\ tou\s xrhstou\s kai\
tou=s i(ppe/as w)no/mazon, tou\s de\ pe/nhtas tou\s pollou/s, tou\s
dhmotikou/s, to\n dh=mon.
e)/nioi de\ pe/nhta to\n ptwxo\n kai\ ptwxei/an
th\n peni/an.
oi( de\ to\n ou(/tw pra/ttonta kai\ gumno\n kai\ kri/non
w)no/mazon.
*)eco/rous d' e)rei=s u(perori/ous, e)kdh/mous, diapon
ti/ous, e)pistolimai/ous, a)llofu/lous a)/ndras te kai\ duna/meis kai\ po
le/mous.
*ge/lws e)rei=s kai\ meidiasmo\s kai\ meidi/ama kai\ meidi/asis, fai
dro/ths o)fqalmw=n, a)/nesis prosw/pou, kagxasmo/s: kai\ e(te/ras xrei/as
xleuasmo/s xleuasi/a, kata/gelws.
gela=n, meidia=n u(pomeidia=n e)pimeidia=n,
a)nie/nai to\ pro/swpon, faidru/nesqai tw\ o)fqalmw/, kagxa/zein, xleua/
zein e)pixleua/zein kataxleua/zein e)kxleua/zein, katagela=n e)pigela=n
e)peggela=n platu\s ge/lws, kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(
nios, e)/kgelws para\ *pla/twni
(?
) gelastiko/s: ou(/tw ga\r o(ri/zontai to\n
a)/nqrwpon, o(/ti mo/nos e)c a(pa/ntwn tw=n zw/|wn gela=|.
xleuastiko/s kata
xleuastiko/s.
katagelastikw=s xleuastikw=s: ou) ga\r a)\n prosoi/mhn
a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn e)pirrh/mata.
ta/xa d' a)\n ei)/h th=s au)th=s xrei/as to\
katamwka=sqai, kateirwneu/esqai, diasu/rein, kwmw|dei=n diakwmw|dei=n,
twqa/zein.
ei)/rwn, kwmw|diko/s, twqastiko/s: o( ga\r geloi=os kai\ to\ geloia/
zein kai\ to\ geloi/ws e(te/ras e)sti\ xrei/as, w(/sper kai\ o( katage/lastos
kai\ para\ toi=s poihtai=s
(
*klai/ein d' e)rei=s a)poklai/ein a)naklai/ein, dakru/ein a)podakru/ein,
klauqmuri/zesqai, qrhnei=n, o)du/resqai e)podu/resqai a)podu/resqai, deino
paqei=n, oi)mw/zein, o)lofu/resqai katolofu/resqai, potnia=sqai, oi)kti/zesqai,
kai\ klauqmo/s, da/kruon, klauqmurismo/s, o)du/rmata, qrh=nos, o)lo/fursis,
oi)=ktos oi)ktismo/s, oi)mwgh/: traxu\ ga\r h( potni/asis, kai\ eu)tele\s h( dei
nopa/qeia.
filo/dakrus de\ kai\ polu/dakrus kai\ qrhnhtiko\s kai\ o)dur
tiko\s kai\ qrhnw/dhs, kai\ qrh/nwn e)/carxos, kai\ qrhnw|do/s, o(\n kai\
qrh=non e)ka/loun.
e)pirrh/mata de\ ou)k a)po\ pa/ntwn, a)lla\ qrhnhtikw=s.
ei)/pois d' a)\n o(/ti to\ gunaikei=on ge/nos e)sti\ qrhnw=des kai\ filo/qrhnon
kai\ filo/durton kai\ qrhnhtiko/n.
*)/onoma, klh=sis, proshgori/a, pro/srhsis pro/srhma, e)pi/klhsis
e)pi/klhn, e)pwnumi/a o)nomasi/a.
kai\ ta\ a)pare/mfata o)noma/zein,
kalei=n, prosagoreu/ein, e)ponoma/zein.
*kai/rion d' e)rei=s to\ au)to\ kai\ e)/gkairon eu)/kairon e)pi/kairon:
e)n kairw=|, kata\ kairo/n, e)pi\ kairou=, kairi/ws, eu)kai/rws e)gkai/rws
e)pikai/rws: eu)kairi/a w(s *pla/twn
(to\ d' e)nanti/on
a)/kairon, e)/cw kairou=, a)kai/rws, a)kairi/a.
a)po\ de\ tou/twn to\ kairo
fulakei=n kai\ karadokei=n e)/legon.
to\ de\ kai/rion kaq' e(te/ran xrei/an
ei)/poi a)/n tis kai\ eu)/stoxon, e)pi/skopon, e)pituxe/s eu)tuxe/s, a)plane/s,
a)sfale/s, ta/xa kai\ a)strabe/s, w(s to\ e)nanti/on a)/skopon, a)/stoxon, a)tu
xe/s dustuxe/s, dihmarthme/non, e)sfalme/non: kai\ eu)stoxi/an e)pituxi/an
eu)tuxi/an_ou) ga\r kai\ e)piskopi/an_kai\ a)stoxi/an dustuxi/an
diamarti/an a)tuxi/an: kai\ eu)sto/xws kai\ e)pisko/pws, eu)tuxw=s e)pi
tuxw=s, a)planw=s, a)sfalw=s, a)strabw=s, a)sto/xws, a)sko/pws, a)tuxw=s,
dihmarthme/nws, e)sfalme/nws, sfalerw=s.
*dh=lon e)/ndhlon pro/dhlon e)pi/dhlon e)/kdhlon_poihtiko\n
(
b 318, n 244
perifane/s katafane/s, safe/s, gnw/rimon, e)lhlegme/non, poluqru/lhton
teqrulhme/non e)kteqrulhme/non, murio/lekton w(s *cenofw=n
(
`2. 17
foron, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhton, e)pibo/hton peribo/hton, kekhrugme/non.
kai\
ta\ a)pare/mfata dhlw=sai, e)kfh=nai, safhni/sai, gnwri/sai, qrulh=sai,
khru=cai e)kkhru=cai, e)klalh=sai, e)kboh=sai, e)kqrulh=sai, e)kqroh=sai,
e)cagoreu=sai, e)le/gcai, ta/xa de\ kai\ diakalu/yai kai\ e)kkalu/
yai kai\ a)pokalu/yai.
kai\ e)ndh/lws e)kdh/lws prodh/lws e)pidh/
lws: to\ ga\r katadh/lws kai\ dh/lws eu)telh=, profanw=s de\ kai\ e)kfanw=s
kai\ katafanw=s kai\ perifanw=s, gnwri/mws, safw=s, pefasme/nws,
a)parakalu/ptws, a)nuposto/lws, poluqrulh/tws teqrulhme/nws: sklh
ro\n ga\r to\ e)lhlegme/nws, e)pirrh/tws de\ kai\ e)piboh/tws kai\ pe
riboh/tws.
to\ de\ kekhrugme/nws a)/hqes.
e)k de\ tw=n a)/llwn a)poke
kalumme/nws.
kai\ dh/lwma de\ kai\ dh/lwsis kai\ perifa/neia, gnw=
sis, safh/neia, qrou=s, e)/legxos: sklhro\n ga\r to\ e)pibo/hma.
a)po\ de\
tw=n a)/llwn h)\ ou)k e)/sti ta\ pra/gmata, h)\ a)/ntikrus a)/lla dhloi=, ta/xa
d' a)\n tou/tois prosariqmh/sais to\ diarrh/dhn, a)nafando/n, diafa/dhn
w(mologhme/nws.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a a)/dhlon, a)fane/s, a)safe/s, a)/gnwston,
a)ne/legkton, a)po/rrhton, a)ne/kpuston, a)/fqegkton, sesighme/non,
a)ne/kforon, e)pikekrumme/non, krupto/n krupto/menon e)pikrupto/menon
diakrupto/menon, a)gnoou/menon, lanqa/non, suneskiasme/non sugke
kalumme/non, parakekalumme/non u(po\ parapeta/smati.
kai\ a)fa
ni/sai, kru/yai katakru/yai katasiga/sai, e)pikru/yasqai diakru/yasqai,
laqei=n, a)gnohqh=nai, suskia/sai, parakalu/yasqai prokalu/yasqai,
u(postei/lasqai, parapeta/sasqai.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)dh/lws,
a)fanw=s, a)safw=s, a)gnw/stws, a)nele/gktws, a)porrh/tws a)rrh/tws, ke
krumme/nws, lelhqo/tws lanqano/ntws, steganw=s: fortiko\n ga\
sighlw=s, ta\ d' a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn sklhra\ h)\ eu)telh=.
*)iou/lios *poludeu/khs *kommo/dw| *kai/sari xai/rein.
to\n tau=ta sun
tiqe/nta ta\ bibli/a ou) polloi=s w(milhke/nai mo/non e)xrh=n e)mme/trois te
kai\ a)me/trois lo/gois, w(/sper a)\n ei)/poi o( *pla/twn
(
"e)/n te poih/masi kai\ xu/dhn," a)lla\ prosqei=nai/ ti au)toi=s kai\ sunta/cews
sxh=ma kai\ to\ e)n toi=s a)nomoi/ois o(/moion, e)/ti de\ kai\ a)kri/beia/n tina
e)pi\ th=s yuxh=s e)/xein ei)s basa/nou kri/sin.
tou=de ei(/neka ou)de\ sun
ergo\n e)duna/mhn ei)s pa/nta paralabei=n ou)de/na: ou)/te ga\r ei)=xon o(/tw|
pisteu/saimi e)oiko/ti, kai\ e)/dei pa/ntws e(ka/stw| prosei=nai to\ e)moi\ do
kou=n.
e)/rrwso ku/rie.
*kai\ mh\n e)pi/ ge tw=n e(ch=s texnw=n ei)/poi a)/n tis te/xnai ba/
xeirourgikai/, kai\ w(s *cenofw=n
(
d' a)\n kata\ *pla/twna
(
rotexni/a xeirourgi/a, banausi/a banausourgi/a.
xeirotexnei=n xeirour
gei=n, banausourgei=n.
xeirote/xnhs xeirourgo/s, ba/nausos banausourgo/s,
e(drai=os: to\ ga\r a)poxeirobi/otos kai\ xeirw=nac kai\ xeiroga/stwr kai\
xeirobosko/s kai\ xeiroba/nausos h(=tton a)/n tis prosoi=to.
kai\ o(mo/texnoi
de\ kai\ su/ntexnoi: *)aristofa/nhs ga\r e)n *ghruta/dh|
(
xrhtai kai\ a)nti/texnoi d' a)\n ei)/pois.
a)ntite/xnhsis de\ para\ *qouku
di/dh|
(tou\s de\ banau/sous kai\ e)rga
sth=ras a)\n kata\ *cenofw=nta
(tou\s me/ntoi
mh\ a)kribei=s texni/tas faulourgou\s kata\ *)aristofa/nhn
(
to\ de\ xeirotexnhqe\n xeirote/xnhma kai\ xeirou/rghma kai\ te/xnhma kai\
te/xnasma kai\ dhmiou/rghma kai\ poi/hma kai\ e)/rgon kai\ pla/sma kai\ ka
taskeu/asma.
te/xnai d' e)/mpuroi kai\ a)/puroi.
*ai( me\n e)k tou= pwlei=n, pipra/skein, a)podi/dosqai, metaba/llein,
a)mei/bein, a)ntikatalla/ttesqai, kaphleu/ein, a)pokhru/ttein, e)mpolei=n,
poiou=sin o)no/mata pwlhta/s, prath=ras, metabole/as, kaph/lous: ta\ ga\r
a)po\ tw=n a)/llwn sklhra/, *)isai=os
(
*(uperei/dhs
(o( de\ pw/lhs
(
`133. 140
ta\ de\ piprasko/mena w)/nia, pw/lhma, a)gw/gima_pra/simon d'
*)isai=os
(
fo/rtos, e)mpolh/mata, r(w=pos, ge/lgh.
le/goito d' a)\n kai\ a)po\ tw=n
metoxw=n ta\ pwlou/mena, ta\ piprasko/mena, ta\ kaphleuo/mena, ta\ meta
ballo/mena, ta\ a)pokhrutto/mena, ta\ a)podido/mena: e)/sti de\ tou=t' a)mfi/
bolon.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata pra=sis, kaphlei/a kaphlikh/, metabolh/
metablhtikh/, a)po/dosis, a)pokh/rucis, e)mpolh/: kai\ pw/lhsis de/, w(s ei)/rhke
*cenofw=n
(a)pokekh/ruktai de\ kai\ a)pode/dotai kai\ meta
be/blhtai kai\ kekaph/leutai ta\ praqe/ntai kai\ pe/pratai kai\
e)kpe/pratai le/gois a)/n.
*pla/twn d' e)n tw=| *politikw=|
(
"pwlhqe/nta pou pro/teron e)/rga a)llo/tria paradexo/menoi deu/teron
pwlou=sin." kai\ a)/cia me\n pipra/sketai ta\ eu)/wna kai\ lusitelw=s, kai\
e)peuwnisme/na, kai\ a)nti/proika, kai\ a)nt' ou)deno/s: ta\ de\ ti/mia e)/ntima,
e)pi\ pollw=|, e)pitetimhme/na.
le/gois d' a)\n kai\ e)pite/tantai ai( timai/, kai\
o( pipra/skwn e)pe/teinen, e)peti/ma, a)netima=to.
ta\ de\ mh/pw pe
prame/na a)/prata: ou(/tw d' a)\n le/goito kai\ ta\ mh\ piprasko/mena,
w(s a)/pratos a)nh\r o( mh\ pipra/skwn e(auto/n.
kai\ o( me\n to/pos o(/pou
pipra/skousi, pwlhth/rion a)\n kaloi=to, kai\ w(s par' *(hrodo/tw|
(
prath/rion.
kai\ ku/kloi de\ e)n th=| ne/a| kwmw|di/a| kalou=ntai e)n oi(=s
pipra/sketai ta\ a)ndra/poda.
i)/sws kai\ ta\ loipa\ w)/nia: e)f' o(\ d' a)na
bai/nontes oi( dou=loi pipra/skontai, tou=to tra/pezan *)aristofa/nhs
(monopw/lion de\ *(uperei/dhs ei)/rhken e)n tw=| kata\
*)aristofw=ntos
(o( de\ toi=s
pipra/skousi procenw=n propra/twr, w(s *dei/narxos
(
kai\ *)isai=os
(
kalei=, propwlou=nta de\ *pla/twn
(*lusi/as
(
de\ tou/tous me\n propra/tas, tou\s de\ su\n a)/llois pipra/skontas sum
pra/tas le/gei.
to\ de\ deu/tero/n ti pipra/skein a)napwlei=n kai\
a)napipra/skein le/gousi kai\ to\ e)/rgon a)na/prasin, kai\ tou\s tou=to
poiou=ntas a)napipra/skontas kai\ a)napwlou=ntas, kai\ ta\ deu/teron
piprasko/mena a)napwlou/mena kai\ a)napiprasko/mena, pali/mprata h)\
pali/mbola, kai\ o( tau=ta pwlw=n pali/mbolos kai\ paligka/phlos.
to\
de\ meta\ th\n pra=sin a)podoqe\n a)na/doton a)/n tis ei)pei=n du/naito,
ei)po/ntos *qoukudi/dou
(
ta\ d' e)k tou= dedhmeu=sqai piprasko/mena dhmio/prata
(
vesp 659to\ de\ su\n a)/llw| pepra=sqai prospepra=sqai.
o(\ d' oi(
nu=n fasi\ tou\s oi)ke/tas pra=sin ai)tei=n, e)/stin eu(rei=n e)n tai=s *)aristo
fa/nous *(/wrais
(
e)moi/
kra/tisto/n e)stin ei)s to\ *qhsei=on dramei=n,
e)kei= d', e(/ws a)\n pra=sin eu(/rwmen, me/nein.
a)/ntikrus d' e)n tai=s *eu)po/lidos *po/lesi
(
kaka\ toia/de
pa/sxousin ou)de\ pra=sin ai)tw=.
ta\ de\ praqe/nta kai\ w)nhqe/nta le/gousi, kai\ to\n pria/menon e)wnhme/non.
to\ d' a)natima=sqai kai\ to\ tw=| ple/on do/nti e)qe/lein pipra/skein pleisth
ria/zein a)\n le/gois, *)isai/ou
(?
) e)n tw=| pro\s *)andoki/dhn ei)po/ntos "ou)/te
timh=s tetagme/nhs pwlou=sin, a)ll' w(s a)\n du/nwntai pleisthria/santes
plei/stou a)pe/donto." a(lw/nhtoi d' e)kalou=nto oi( mhdeno\s a)/cioi tw=n
oi)ketw=n, o(/ti tw=n *qra|kw=n oi( meso/geioi a(lw=n a)ntikathlla/ttonto tou\s
oi)ke/tas.
ta\ de\ kataballo/mena u(pe\r tw=n pipraskome/nwn te/lh e)pw/nia
le/gousin.
th=s d' i)swni/as *lusi/as ei)/rhken e)n tw=| peri\ tou= a)spido
poiou=
(e)n de\ toi=s *)attikoi=s yhfi/smasin, a(\ toi=s ce/nois
e)pi\ timh=| e)gra/feto, e)/stin eu(rei=n "ei)=nai au)tw=| kai\ oi)kei/an w)/nhsin."
to\n de\ polla\ w)nou/menon e)/cestin ei)pei=n pollago/rason, ei) kai\ fau=lon
tou)/noma, a)ll' o(/ti *ferekra/ths ei)/rhken e)n *pe/rsais
(
to\ paidi/on
to\ pollago/rason ka)po\ pollw=n thliw=n.
tou/twn de\ kai\ qeoi\ i)/dioi, e)mpolai=os *(ermh=s kai\ a)gorai=os: kai\ e)m
po/lw *diosko/rw e)n *(/hrwsin *)aristofa/nous
(
oi( me\n dh\ pa/nta pipra/skontes kaloi=nt' a)\n pandokei=s kai\ pan
dokeu/triai, kai\ to\ xwri/on pandokei=on, kai\ to\ pra=gma pandokei/a: oi(
d' ei)s ta\ pandokei=a katago/menoi kata/ktai a)\n le/gointo.
ma=llon d' oi(
pa/nta pwlou=ntes pantopw=lai, kai\ o( to/pos pantopwlei=on.
th\n
pantopwli/an *)/arxippos ei)/rhken e)n *)ixqu/sin
(
ta\ a)ndra/poda pipra/skontes a)ndrapodoka/phloi: oi( ga\r lafuropw=lai,
koino\n tou)/noma kai\ pro\s ta\ a)/yuxa, a)ndrapodw/nhs d' ei)/rhtai e)n
toi=s *(/hrwsi toi=s *)aristofa/nous
(th\n de\ qerapaini/da kai\ qrepth\n
e)rei= o(/stis bou/loito e(/pesqai *ferekra/tei ei)po/nti e)n *murmhkan
qrw/pois
(
*lusi/ou pro\s *puqo/dhmon u(pe\r a)postasi/ou
(
*te/xnai d' e)p' a)nqrw/pois paidotri/bai kai\ gumnastai/, kai\ oi(
swmaskou=ntes: ta/ttetai me\n h( klh=sis e)pi\ tw=n a)skoume/nwn, ou)de\n
d' a)\n au)th\n kwlu/oi ka)pi\ tw=n a)skou/ntwn teta/xqai.
tou= d' a)lei/
ptou ou)k o)/ntos e)n xrh/sei a)lei/ptrian ei)rh/kasin oi( me/soi kwmikoi\
kai\ *lusi/as e)n tw=| u(pe\r *diofa/ntou peri\ xwri/ou
(
de\ kai\ dra=ma e)/stin *)alei/ptria
(
*ai( d' e)pi\ tai=s trofai=s te/xnai sithgoi\ sitagwgoi/, sitopw=lai
puropw=lai, sitoka/phloi sithgei=n, puropwlei=n sitopwlei=n, puro
kaphleu/ein, sitokaphleu/ein.
sitome/trai w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
bl
h( d' a)lfitopoii/a kai\ a)lfitei/a kalei=tai, kai\ oi( e)rgazo/menoi a)lfitei=s,
oi( de\ pipra/skontes ta\ a)/lfita a)lfitamoiboi/, to\ d' e)rgasth/rion a)lfi
tei=on, mu/lwn, zw/tion, zhtrei=on, xo/ndrion xondrokopei=on.
kai\
ta\ e)rgalei=a o)/nos o( a)le/twn, kai\ h( tra/peza mu/lh, kai\ o( th=s e)r
gasi/as proesthkw\s mulwqro/s, kai\ h( e)/ndon ti/fh mulhqri\s kai\ mulakri/s_
e)/nioi de\ mulakri/da kai\ th\n a)letri/da_kai\ to\ ka/lluntron mulh/
koron.
to\n de\ nu=n muloko/pon o)noko/pon *)/alecis ei)/rhken e)n *)amfw
ti/di
(
o)noko/pos
tw=n tou\s a)le/twnas tw=nde kopto/ntwn o)/nous.
to/ ge mh\n toi=s oi)ke/tais toi=s e)/ndon e)rgazome/nois u(pe\r tou= mh\ ka/ptein
tw=n a)lfi/twn peritiqe/menon pausika/ph o)noma/zetai, troxoeide\s mhxa/
nhma tw=| traxh/lw| periarmozo/menon w(s a)dunatei=n tw=| sto/mati ta\s
xei=ras prosagagei=n.
a)rtopw=lai a)rtopw/lides, a)rtopwlei=n, a)rtopwlei=on, sitourgoi/,
a)rtopoioi/ a)rtopo/poi.
*cenofw=n
(
pous e)/fh: to\ de\ r(h=ma to\ a)rtokopei=n e)n *fruni/xou *monotro/pw|
(
poii/a.
th=| d' a)rtopw/lidi a)nh/kei a)/leura, a)/lfita o)lu=rai, zeiai/,
semi/dalis, xo/ndros, kri/mna, pa/lh, a)f' h(=s kai\ to\ pa/lhma, stai/s, ma=za.
kai\ ta\ e)rgalei=a kri/banos, i)pno/s, pla/qanon, ma/ktra, o)beloi/: kai\ spa/la
qron d' e)rgalei=on, o(\ oi( nu=n ska/leuqron.
ta\ d' e)/rga deu=sai, fu
ra=sai, tri=yai, diatth=sai: kai\ a)rtostrofei=n d' *)aristofa/nhs
(
le/gei.
diapla/sai, pe/yai, o)pth=sai e)copth=sai, e)celei=n.
o( de\ ma/t
twn ta\ a)/lfita mageu/s, kai\ to\ a)ggei=on magi\s kai\ ma/ktra kai\ ska/fh
kai\ para\ *mena/ndrw|
("neo/kopon de\ ka/rdopon"
ei)/rhken *eu)/polis
(a)/rtous de\ dipu
ri/tas ei)/rhken e)n *poastri/ais *fru/nixos
(
e)n *ganumh/dei
(
d' ei)si\ ti/nes;_a)/rtoi trufw=ntes." tou= ge mh\n a)/rtou ai( me\n kata\
to\ a)/nw me/ros oi(onei\ flu/ktainai a)tta/ragos, ai( d' e)k tou= ka/tw yw
qi/ai, ai(\ dh\ kai\ prose/xesqai ei)w/qasi tw=| kriba/nw| u(peroptw/memai.
ta\ de\ me/rh tw=n a)/rtwn qru/mmata.
to\ me/ntoi u(perempeplh=sqai kai\
u(perkekore/sqai kai\ u(permaza=n a)po\ th=s ma/zhs e)/legon oi( palaioi/,
oi( de\ ne/oi kriqia=n a)po\ tw=n u(pozugi/wn: *ai)sxu/los
(
ei)/rhke "seirafo/ron kriqw=nta pw=lon," *sofoklh=s
(
kriqw/shs o)/nou." *tw=n de\ peri\ a)rtopwli/an a)qro/a e)n *)aristofa/nous
*dra/masin h)\ *kentau/rw|
(
pti/ttw, bra/ttw, deu/w, ma/ttw, pe/ttw, katalw=.
e)/sti de/ pou kai\ o)pth=sai.
kai\ h( ptisa/nh tou/tois prosh/kei.
kai\
to\ par' *)aristofa/nei d' e)n *)axarneu=si
(
tou/tou a)\n ei)/h ei)rhme/non:
a)ll' e)sme\n au)toi\ nu=n ge perieptisme/noi.
kai\ a)nei=n de\ to\ pti/ssein e)le/geto, a)f' ou(= kai\ h( ptisa/nh.
kai\ mh\n
kai\ to\ fru/gein kai\ kodomeu/ein tou/tois sunh=ptai.
krewpw/lia kai\ krewpw=lai kai\ krewpwlei=n.
tou\s d'
au)tou\s kai\ magei/rous le/gousin.
kai\ krewdai/tas d' a)\n ei)/pois kai\
kreourgou/s, kai\ to\ e)/rgon kreourgei=n kai\ kreanomei=n kai\ kreanomi/as,
ta\ d' e)rgalai=a kopi/das kai\ r(a/xetron kai\ krew/staqmon, ta/xa kai\
krea/gran kai\ krewdei/ran.
i)xquopw=lai kai\ i)xquopwlei=n, kai\ i)xqu/es i)xqu/dia, o)/yon
kai\ o)yopoio\s de\ kai\ o)yartuth/s, kai\ o)yopoiei=n kai\ o)yopoii/a, kai\
h(du=nai kai\ a)rtu=sai kai\ zwmeu=sai: kai\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
th\n xu/tran
e)n h(=| ta\ krea/di' e(/yeis e)zwmeume/na.
to\n d' o)yopoio\n kai\ ma/geiron le/gei.
tarixopw=lai, tarixopwlei=n, ta/rixos w(rai=on, tari/xous w(rai=a
tema/xh, w(rai=ai tari/xous sarga/nai, tari/xous d' h(mi/seiai, e)arinai/.
ponhro\n ta/rixos, xrhsto\n ta/rixos.
sarga/nai w(rai=ai kai\ saprai/.
*)eriopw=lai, e)riopwlei=n.
e)/ria oi)suphra\ *)aristofa/nhs
(
kai\ e)ri/wn pinarw=n po/kon *krati=nos
(kai\ *)/arxippos
me\n e)n *)ixqu/sin
(
o( nakoti/lths, ei) kai\ *filh/mwn au)tw=| ke/xrhtai e)n *(arpazome/nh|
(
laiote/ra|.
kai/toi o(/ ge *krati=nos e)n *dionusaleca/ndrw|
(
nako/tiltos w(sperei\ kwda/rion e)faino/mhn.
e)riourgi/a e)riourgei=n: kai\ e)riourgei=on o( i(stw\n e)n *)olumpia/dos e)pi
stolh=|.
dia\ tou=to d' a)ne/xomai tou= o)no/matos, o(/ti to\ pra=gma to\
a)p' au)tou= kai\ to\ r(h=ma para\ toi=s kexronisme/nois e)/stin ei)rhme/non:
be/ltion d' o( i(stew/n.
*pla/twn
(
i(mati/w|."
talasi/a, talasiourgi/a talasiourgei=n, ta/laros.
kai\ kala
qi/skos, *eu)po/lidos ei)po/ntos e)n *po/lesin
(
a)/neu kalaqi/skwn kai\ po/rwn kai\ phni/wn.
kata/gein, ka/tagma: to\ d' au)to\ kai\ mh/ruma.
tw=n de\ ne/wn tis kw
mikw=n *)epige/nhs e)n *pontikw=| e)/fh
(
trei=s mo/nous e)/xw
skw/lhkas, e)/ti tou/tous de/ m' e)/ason katagagei=n.
kai\ krokudi/zein de\ *filu/llios ei)/rhken
(
to\ ka/tagma krokudi/zousan au)th\n kate/labon,
o(/per e)sti\n e)kle/gousan to\ traxu/.
e)/caine de\ tw=n e)ri/wn *)aristofa/nhs
(
filo/sofos *pla/twn
(
(to\ de\ kamei=n a)po\ th\s e)riourgi/as ta\s xei=ras
cana=n e)le/geto, kai\ ca/nhsin.
nei=n, klw/qein, stre/fein.
sth/mwn kro/kh, sth
mononhtikh\ kai\ krokonhtikh/: *pla/twn
(
th\n kro/khn, to\n de\ sth/mona nh=ma
(
matos nh=sin ei)/rhke
(
kwmiko\s *pla/twn
(kai\ a(rpe
do/nas de\ ta\ nh/mata *(hro/dotos
(
(
teron.
a)/traktos, sfo/ndulos, klwsth/r.
ou(/tw de\ kai\ th\n peristrofh\n
tou= li/nou *eu)ripi/dhs w)no/masen
(
li/nou klwsth=ra perife/rei labw/n.
phni/on, a)gaqi/s, o(/qen kai\ paroimi/a "a)gaqw=n a)gaqi/des," h(=| plei/sth|
ke/xrhntai oi( kwmikoi/.
fai/hs d' a)\n kai\ mi/ton, kai\ mi/sasqai to\ mitw/
sasqai, kai\ polu/mitos, w(s *krati=nos
(kai\ a)po\ phni/ou to\
phni/sasqai: *filu/llios
(ta\s d'
o(losthmo/nous taini/as tolu/pas *sofoklh=s
(e)f'
ou(= de\ nh/qousin h)\ nw=sin_to\ ga\r nh/qein oi( *)attikoi\ nei=n le/gousin_
e)pi/nhtron kalei=tai kai\ o)/nos.
le/gois d' a)\n a)/trakton e)pistre/fein,
e)/rion e(/lkein, tei/nein, mhru/esqai, a)pisxnai/nein.
sth/mona d' e)cesme/non
to\n i)sxno\n kai\ lei=on *)aristofa/nhs
(sth=sai to\n
sth/mona h)\ ta\ sthmo/nia, kai\ proforei=sqai: ou(/tw ga\r e)/legon oi(
*)attikoi\ to\ nu=n dia/zesqai.
kai\ to\ dia/zesqai d' e)/stin e)n au)th=| th=|
le/cei paralambano/menon:
o( d' e)cufaineq' i(sto/s, o( de\ dia/zetai,
kai/ pou para\ *nikofw=nti e)n *pandw/ra|
(to\ de\
sundh=sai to\n sth/mona kairw=sai le/gein xrh/, kai\ kai/rwsin th\n su/ndesin.
u(fa/nths, u(fantiko/s, u(fai/nein, u(fantikw=s, u(fh/, u(/fasma, u(fa/ntria.
kai\ u(/fansin d' a)\n ei)/pois biazo/menos, e)pei\ *pla/twn ei)/rhke
(
"basilikh=s cunufa/nsews." kai\ xlamudourgi/an de\ kai\ xlamudopoii/an, w(s
ou) tau)to\n o)\n e(ka/teron, a)/mfw e)n toi=s *)apomnhmoneu/masi
(
*cenofw=n le/gei: ei)/dh d' e)/oiken ei)=nai talasiourgi/as me\n h( xlamu
dourgi/a, u(fantikh=s d' h( xlamudopoii/a.
kai\ xlanidourgi/a de\ kai\
xlanidopoii/a o(moi/ws a)\n le/goito, kai\ e)cwmidopoii/a.
poikilth\n d'
*ai)sxi/nhs *tima/rxou kathgorw=n
(¶
tiko\n ei)=dos.
h( de\ te/xnh poikiltikh/, kai\ o( a)nh\r poikiltiko/s, kai\ to\
pra=gma poi/kilsis kata\ *pla/twna
(
ki/llein, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma poikiltikw=s, w(/sper kai\ e)riourgikw=s kai\
talasiourgikw=s kai\ u(fantikw=s.
o( de\ poikilth\s w)no/mastai par'
*)ale/cidos
(le/gois d' a)\n dia/gein th\n kro/
khn, diafe/rein, diaba/llein, kerki/zein, plh/ttein, pie/zein, puknou=n.
u(/fasma de/ e)stin ei)pei=n lepto/n, eu)ufe/s, i)sxno/n, eu)h/trion, eu)/plokon:
to\ de\ eu)h/trion *ai)sxu/los e)n *diktuoulkoi=s
(
tos, a)ll' ou)=n ei)/rhke "diktu/ou d' eu)h/tria." kerki/s ktei/s, i(sto/s, i(stour
gi/a i(stourgei=n, i(stourgiko/s i(stourgikw=s.
kanw\n i(stou= to\ kalou/
menon a)nti/on.
ph=xus.
i(sto/pous, w(s *eu)/boulos
(
kai\ kele/ontes d' oi( i(sto/podes kalou=ntai.
a)gnu=qes de\ kai\ lei=ai oi(
li/qoi oi( e)chrthme/noi tw=n sthmo/nwn kata\ th\n a)rxai/an u(fantikh/n,
spa/qh, o(/qen kai\ to\ spaqa=n, kai\ to\ a)spa/qhton xlai=nan *sofoklh=s
(
spaqhto\n i(ma/tion.
plu/ntai pluntikoi/ plunoi/ plu/ntriai, faidruntai/ faidruntikoi/
faidru=nai, knafei=on knafikh/ kna/yai, kai\ knafeu\s kai\ knafai=oi
kai\ a)/knafa.
kai\ knafeu/ein e)/fh *)aristofa/nhs
(
a)nakna/yai *lu/sippos o( kwmiko/s
(kna/fos d' h(
pro/sforos au)toi=s a)kou/oit' a)\n a)/kanqa.
tou= de\ kna/ptein h(gei=tai
to\ sumpath=sai, w(s *krati=nos u(podhloi= pai/zwn
(
th=| ma/stigi kna/yein eu)= ma/la,
pri\n sumpath=sai.
ei) de\ xrh\ tou/tous kai\ plu/ntas le/gein, a)p' au)tw=n ai( plu/ntriai.
kai\ plune/as d' a)\n au)tou\s ei)/pois, kai\ to\n to/pon plunou/s.
a)f' ou(=
kai\ to\ loidorei=n plu/nein
(
ei=s" h( kwmw|di/a
(
ai)sxu/neis: kai\ to\ ou)deno\s a)/cio/n ti a)popefa/nqai katapeplu/sqai o(
r(h/twr e)/fh *ai)sxi/nhs
(o( de\ misqo\s o( dido/menos au)toi=s
plu/ntra kalei=tai.
to\ de\ plu/nein kai\ r(u/ptein kai\ e)kru/ptein kai\
klu/zein kai\ e)kklu/zein e)rei=s.
kai\ to\ a)po\ tou= plunou= u(/dwr plu/ma,
kai\ h( katatetrimme/nh e(tai/ra klu/sma kai\ plu/ma.
e)n w(=| d' e)ce/plu
non, ou) mo/non li/tron kai\ *xalastrai=on li/tron, a)lla\ kai\ xalai/rupos,
w(s *krati=nos
(*)aristofa/nhs de\ tw=n pluntikw=n
kai\ th\n koni/an kai\ th\n kimwli/an ei)=nai/ fhsin e)n *lusistra/th|
(
ran 713
yeudoli/trou koni/as
kai\ kimwli/as gh=s
kai\ *pla/twn d' o( filo/sofos
(
r(uptikw=n: e)/sti de\ to\ e)k te/fras kaqista/menon u(gro/n.
gh=n de\ smhk
tri/da *eu)/polis
(
`6 koi)xqu/wn de\ plu/ma *pla/twn e)n *ni/kais ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s
(
klei= gamoume/nw|
(to\ de\ tw=n podw=n ni/ptron ni/ptra
me\n *ai)sxu/los
(
to\ faidru/nein de\ kai\ a)poplu/nein kai\ diaplu/nein tw=| plu/nein pros
h/kei, kai\ h( par' *ai)sxu/lw|
(
tria." e)/oike de\ kai\ to\ i)pou=n kai\ to\ i)pou=sqai, e)pi\ tou= a)poqli/besqai
kai\ pie/zesqai, knafeu=si prosh/kein, ou)k a)/ntikrus me\n e)pi\ tou/tou ei)rh
me/non, u(podhlou/menon de/:
dw/seis e)moi\ kalh\n di/khn
i)pou/menos tai=s ei)sforai=s
*)aristofa/nhs pou/ fhsi
(
*kleobouli/nh|
(
i)/pw|." e)/sti me\n ou)=n i)=pos kai\ h( mua/gra, a)ll' e)/oike ma=llon tw=|
tw=n knafe/wn e)rgalei/w| prosh/kein.
kai\ qei=on de\ tw=n u(pourgou/ntwn
tw=| knafei=, a)f' ou(= *lu/sippos
(
su\ d' a)nakna/yas kai\ qeiw/sas ta\s a)llotri/as e)pinoi/as.
a)ke/stai a)ke/striai a)ke/sasqai, r(a/yai surra/yai, belo/nh beloni/des,
r(afei=s r(afi/des.
*)ek d' e)sqh/twn o)no/mata e)sqh/s e)sqh/mata, a)mpexo/nh, stolh/,
e)/nduma, i(ma/tion, a)mfie/smata: *lusi/as
(
lw/ph ga\r kai\ lo/kkh kai\ fa/ros kai\ ei(=ma kai\ spei=ra kai\ lw=pos poih/sews
e)/stw: kai/toi o(/ ge lwpodu/ths kai\ h( lwpoduti/a a)po\ tou= lw/pous
e)sti\n ei)rhme/na, ta\ de\ r(h/mata h)sqh=sqai, a)mpe/xesqai, e)sta/lqai,
h)mfie/sqai, e)ndeduke/nai.
a)lla\ kai\ ai( metoxai\ h)sqhme/nos, a)mp
exo/menos, e)stalme/nos, h)mfiesme/nos, e)ndedume/nos e)ndedukw/s: e)ndu\s
ga\r kai\ ei(me/nos kai\ e)pieime/nos, ou) kata\ pezh\n a)\n ei)/h tau=ta th\n
xrh=sin.
i)/sws de\ kai\ eu)stalh/s, kai\ o( para\ *krati/nw|
(
tou/tois a)\n e)na/riqmon ei)/h, kai\ to\ eu)stalw=s e)pi/rrhma.
to\ de\ gum
nwqh=nai kai\ a)podu=nai e)rei=s, kai\ o( gegumnwme/nos kai\ o( a)podu\s
kai\ o( a)podedukw/s, e)kei/nois u(penanti/a, kai\ a)podu=sai kai\ a)polwpi/sai
w(s *sofoklh=s
(
peridu=sai ei)/rhken.
to\ d' a)mei=yai e)sqh=ta kai\ u(palla/cai e)rei=s
kai\ metabalei=n, metendu=nai, metamfie/sasqai, metampi/sxesqai: *ce
nofw=n d' e)n *paidei/a|
(
*lusi/as d' e)n tw=| kata\ *au)tokra/tous
(
tw=na." xitw/n e)rei=s xitwni/skos xitw/nion, i(ma/tion.
e)pei\ de\ kai\
o( e)pendu/ths e)/stin e)n th=| tw=n pollw=n xrh/sei, o(/stis bou/loito kai\
tou/tw| tw=| o)no/mati bohqei=n fau/lw| o)/nti, lhpte/on au)to\ e)k tw=n
*sofokle/ous *pluntriw=n
(
pe/plous te nh=sai linogenei=s t' e)pendu/tas.
kai\ *qe/spis de/ pou/ fhsin e)n tw=| *penqei=
(
e)/rgw| no/mize nebri/d' e)/xein e)pendu/thn.
a)/ntikrus de\ dokei= to\ e)n tw=| *nikoxa/rous *(hraklei= xorhgw=|
(
fe/re nu=n taxe/ws xitw=na to/nd' e)pendu/thn
th=| nu=n xrei/a| bohqei=n.
ei)/dh d' e)sqh/twn a)ndrikw=n me\n xlamu/s, h( me\n o(lo/leukos, w(s
*file/tairos o( kwmw|dodida/skalos
(h( de\ pa
rufi\s kai\ parapo/rfuros h)\ w(s h( ne/a kwmw|di/a eu)pa/rufos
(
ii 222. 9 kota\s de\ *qettalika\s xlamu/das *qettalika\ ptera\ w)no/mazon,
kai\ e)nteqettali/smeqa e)/legon to\ xlamudoforou=men.
xlai=na i(ma/tion
e)pi\ tw=| xitw=ni
(
e(/ssw min xlai=na/n te xitw=na/ te, ei(/mata kala/,
e)/sq' o(/te me/ntoi e)neu/naion peribo/laion,
(
xlai/nas t' e)nqe/menai ou)/las kaqu/perqen e(/sasqai.
ei)si\ de\ xlai=nai ai( me\n a(ploi/+des, w(s *(/omhros
(*w
a(ploi/+das," ai( de\ diplai=, "diplh=n e)ktadi/hn
(
d' oi( *)attikoi\ a(plhgi/das kai\ diplhgi/das kai\ dibo/lous w)no/mazon.
xitw\n d' e(teroma/sxalos kai\ a)mfima/sxalos, o( me\n e)leuqe/rwn sxh=ma,
o( d' e(teroma/sxalos oi)ketw=n.
to\ de\ poiki/lon *dionu/sou xitw\n bak
xiko/s.
h( d' e)cwmi\s kai\ peri/blhma h)=n kai\ xitw\n e(teroma/sxalos.
porfuromigh\s de\ e)sqh\s kai\ xlamu\s ou)x h(=| sunu/fanto h( porfu/ra,
a)ll' h(=| e)c e)ri/ou faiou= ou)/sh| kat' a)rxa\s e)me/mikto.
a)/knapton de\
traxu\ kai\ a)/groikon i(ma/tion.
xlani\s d' i(ma/tion lepto/n: kai\ xla
ni/dia d' au)ta\ kai\ xlanidi/skia e)ka/loun.
kerauno\s de\ ei)=dos xitw=nos.
kai\ qh/raion i(ma/tion, h)/toi a)po\ th=s nh/sou h)\ to\ w(s qhri/on e)nufasme/
mon.
koina\ de\ a)ndrw=n kai\ gunaikw=n lh=|dos lh/|dion lh|da/rion, fa/ros,
xitw\n o)rqosta/dios o( mh\ zwnnu/menos_o)rqostadi/as de\ tou\s
toiou/tous xitwni/skous *)aristofa/nhs kalei=
(
qeri/strion, custi/s custo/n, e)/nduma/ te o(mou= kai\ peri/blhma kai\
xitw/n.
beu=dos, w(s *sapfw/
(
diafanh/s tis xitwni/skos.
a)mpexo/nion mikro\n peri/blhma.
kai\ i)/dia
de\ gunaikw=n e)pwmi/s, diploi/dion, h(midiploi/dion, kata/stiktos, ka
tagwgi/s kai\ e)pi/blhma kai\ xitw/n: pe/plos: e)/sqhma d' e)sti\ di
plou=n th\n xrei/an, w(s e)ndu=nai/ te kai\ e)pibale/sqai.
kai\ o(/ti me\n
e)pi/blhma/ e)sti, tekmh/rait' a)/n tis kai\ tw=| th=s *)aqhna=s pe/plw|, o(/ti
de\ kai\ xitw/n, o(/tan ei)/ph| *cenofw=n
(
rh/cato te to\n a)/nwqen pe/plon:" parafai/nei ga\r to/te kai\ ta\
ste/rna h( *sousi/s.
o( d' au)to\s *cenofw=n
(
drei=on oi)/etai fo/rhma ei)=nai to\n pe/plon: to\n ga\r *)arme/nion e)/fh
katasxi/sasqai tou\s pe/plous, ei) mh\ a)/ra o(/ti oi( ba/rbaroi kai\ tai=s
qhluprepeste/rais tw=n e)sqh/twn e)/xairon.
o( d' e(ano\s a)/ntikru/s e)sti
peri/blhma, dokei= d' o( au)to\s ei)=nai tw=| pe/plw|:
(
e)/nioi de/ fasi ta\ me\n a)/neu poikilma/twn e)sqh/mata e(anou\s kalei=sqai,
ta\ de\ su\n poiki/lmasi pe/plous.
to\ de\ zw=ma e)/sti me\n e)pith/deion
e)ndu=nai, pe/zas de\ e)/xei, w(s *ai)sxu/los
(
zw/mata a)pokalw=n.
o(/ti d' e)ndu=nai h)=n e)pith/deia, tekmh/rait' a)/n
tis kai\ tw=| e)n th=| *mena/ndrou *(rapizome/nh|
(
ou)x o(ra=te th\n trofo/n
zw=m' e)ndedume/nhn;
w(s e)pi\ to\ polu\ ga\r graw=n to\ fo/rhma h)=n.
*)antifa/nhs de/ pou/
fhsi
(
peri/nhsa kai\ peri/leuka kai\ pente/ktena.
e)/sti de\ ta\ me\n pente/ktena xitwni/skoi para\ th\n w)/|an porfuroi=,
pe/nte kte/nas e)nufasme/noi: ta\ de\ peri/leuka tou)nanti/on ei)/h a)\n
u(/fasma e)k porfu/ras h)\ a)/llou xrw/matos e)n tw=| peridro/mw| leuko\n
e)nufasme/non.
ta\ de\ peri/nhsa pro/krosso/n e)sti peri/blhma, e)/xon ta\
nh/mata e)chrthme/na: h)\ porfu/ra ku/klw| ta\ te/lh tou= u(fa/smatos
perie/rxetai, nh/sou sxh=ma poiou=sa th=| perirroh=| tou= xrw/matos.
kai\
tou=t' i)/sws nh=son *)anaci/las
(
ti u(/fasma dhloi=, o(/tan ei)/ph|
kai\ pw=s gunh/,
w(/sper qa/latta, nh=son a)mfie/nnutai;
toiou=ton d' a)\n ei)/h kai\ to\ e)/gkuklon.
to\ de\ para/phxu i(ma/tio/n e)sti
leuko/n, ph=xun porfurou=n e)/xon parufasme/non.
kai\ parufe\s de\ kai\
paralourge\s to\ e(kate/rwqen e)/xon parufasme/nhn porfu/ran: *)/iwnes
d' au)to\ kalou=si phxuale/s.
ai( me/ntoi e)n toi=s xitw=si porfurai= r(a/bdoi
parufai\ kalou=ntai.
h( de\ summetri/a xitw/n e)sti podh/rhs, e)/ste pro\s
tou\s a)straga/lous kaqh/kwn.
ei)/h d' a)/n tis kai\ stolidwto\s xitw/n:
stoli/des de/ ei)sin ai( e)cepi/thdes u(po\ desmou= gino/menai kata\ ta\ te/lh
toi=s xitw=sin e)piptuxai/, ma/lista e)pi\ linw=n xitwni/skwn.
o(/tan d'
*(/omhros ei)/ph|
(*g
au)ti/ka d' a)rgennh=|si kaluyame/nh o)qo/nh|si,
leuko\n e)/sqhma lepto\n e)c e)ri/ou a)ll' ou)k e)k li/nou a)kou/ousin.
o( de\
sxisto\s xitw\n pero/nais kata\ tou\s w)/mous diei=rto kai\ po/rph| kata\ ta\
ste/rna e)nh=pto: e)kalei=to de\ kai\ o( tw=n parqe/nwn ou(/tw xitwni/skos,
ou(= paralu/santes a)/xri tino\s ta\s pte/rugas e)k th=s ka/tw pe/zhs pare/
fainon tou\s mhrou/s, ma/lista ai( *spartia/tides, a(\s dia\ tou=to fano
mhri/das w)no/mazon.
o( de\ kata/stiktos xitw/n e)stin o( e)/xwn zw=|a h)\
a)/nqh e)nufasme/na: kai\ zw|wto\s de\ xitw\n e)kalei=to o( kai\ zw|diwto/s.
ai( d' a)po\ xrwma/twn e)sqh=tes kalou/menai a(lourgi/s, porfuri/s, foiniki\s
kai\ foinikou=s xitw/n, batraxi/s, au(=tai/ me\n a)ndrw=n, gunaikw=n de\
krokwto\s krokw/tion, paralourgi/s, o)mfa/kinon: tou/tw| de\ tw=| xrw/mati
kai\ *)ale/candron h(/desqai le/gousin.
to\ d' u(grobafe\s ei)/h a)\n o(\ nu=n
yuxrobafe\s kalou=sin.
e)/sti de/ ti kai\ ki/llion e)sqh=tos xrw=ma, to\ nu=n
o)na/grinon kalou/menon: ki/llon ga\r to\n o)/non oi( *dwriei=s kai\ kil
lakth=ra to\n o)nhla/thn le/gousin.
faio\n de\ kai\ me/lan a)llh/lwn
e)sti\n e)ggu/s.
kai\ o( kokkobafh\s de\ xitw\n kalei=tai a)po\ tou= xrw/
matos.
to\ d' u(/fadron i(ma/tion paxei=an xlai=nan klhte/on kai\ si/sun,
w(/sper to\n a)mfi/mallon xitw=na dasu\n kai\ a)mfi/miton.
*pla/twn d'
e)n *tai=s a)f' i(erw=n
(
w(/ste ou)de\n a)\n kwlu/oi ei)pei=n kai\ mallwto\n xitw=na.
*)antifa/nhs
de/ fhsin e)n *mhdei/a|
(
h)=n xitw\n a)mo/rginos,
e(/teros de\ perihghto/s e)stin ou(tosi/:
e)/stin a)/ra kai\ o( perihghto\s ei)=dos xitw=nos.
e)n de\ th=| tou= newte/rou
*krati/nou *)omfa/lh| ei)/rhtai
(
u(mei=s d' e)a\n i(ppi/skon h)\ tri/miton e)/xhte,
w(s kai\ tau=ta ei)/dh xitwni/skwn.
kai\ *persw=n me\n i)/dia ka/ndus kai\ a)nacuri/s, kai\ tia/ra, h(\n kai\
kurbasi/an kai\ ki/darin kai\ pi=lon kalou=sin.
o( de\ ka/ndus o( me\n basi/
leios a(lipo/rfuros, o( de\ tw=n a)/llwn porfurou=s, e)/sti d' o(/te kai\
e)k derma/twn: h)=n de\ kai\ xeiridwto\s xitw/n, kata\ tou\s w)/mous e)na
pto/menos.
ka/puris de\ *persiko\s xitw\n xeiridwto/s.
h)= pou de\ kai\
kauna/khs *persw=n: e)n ga\r toi=s *sfhci\n
(
oi( me\n kalou=si *persi/d', oi( de\ kauna/khn.
ta\s d' a)nacuri/das kai\ skele/as kalou=sin: to\ me\n o)/noma kai\ para\
*kriti/a| e)/stin e)n tai=s *politei/ais
(
e)n *)antei/a|
(
tai=s d' e)ndu/tois stolai=si tetragw|dhme/nais,
skele/ais, tia/rais.
e)n de\ toi=s *sku/qais *)antifa/nhs
(
sara/bara kai\ xitw=nas pa/ntes e)ndeduko/tes.
ta\ de\ toiau=ta o)no/mata mhnu/ein me kai\ mh\ kri/nein no/mize.
*ludw=n
de\ xitw/n tis basa/ra *dionusiako\s podh/rhs.
o( de\ ku/passis li/nou
pepoi/hto, smikro\s xitwni/skos, a)/xri me/sou mhrou=, w(s *)/iwn
(
p 744
braxu\n li/nou ku/passin e)s mhro\n me/son
e)stalme/nos.
*)armeni/wn d' o( muwto/s, h)\ e)k muw=n tw=n par' au)toi=s sunufasme/nos,
h)\ mui/as e)/xwn e)mpepoikilme/nas.
*massaliwtw=n de\ o( xortai=os, w(s h(
zeira\ *qra|kw=n, ei)/te peri/blhma/ e)stin ei)/te zw=ma: to\n de\ xortai=on
tou\s turopw/las forei=n w(s a)gorai=on *)aristofa/nhs
(
*babulwni/wn d' e)sti\n o( kauna/khs.
h( de\ mandu/h o(/moio/n ti tw=| kalou
me/nw| faino/lh|: ti/nwn de/ e)stin, w(s mh\ perierxw/meqa *krh=tas h)\
*pe/rsas, *ai)sxu/los e)rei=
(
*liburnikh=s mi/mhma mandu/hs xitw/n.
kai\ au)to\s d' o( faino/lhs e)sti\n e)n *(ri/nqwnos *)ifigenei/a| th=| e)n *tau/rois:
(
e)/xoisa kaina\n faino/lan kaparti/w.
o( de\ sa/rapis, *mh/dwn to\ fo/rhma, porfurou=s meso/leukos xitw/n.
th\n d' o)nomazome/nhn th/bennon ta\s me\n tw=n peri\ *bi/twna kai\
*kle/obin ei)ko/nas e)n *)/argei forei=n fasi/, thbenni/da d' au)th\n
kalei=n a)ciou=sin.
ai( d' e)festri/des kai\ a)mfiestri/des peribo/laia a)\n
ei)=en.
to\ me/ntoi xeimerino\n i(ma/tion xei/mastron a)\n le/gois, kai\ xlai=nan
de\ paxei=an, h(\n xeima/munan me\n *ai)sxu/los
(
d' a)leca/nemon ke/klhken.
h(\n de\ suri/an oi( polloi/, tau/thn au)to/pokon
i(ma/tion oi( kwmikoi/
(
*me/rh d' e)sqh/twn pte/ruges me\n kai\ pteru/gion to\ h(/misu tou=
xitwni/skou, xeiri=des de\ ta\ peri\ tai=s xersi/n, w)/|a de\ to\ e)cwta/tw tou=
xitw=nos e(kate/rwqen, le/gna de\ ta\ e)n tw=| i(mati/w| e(kate/rou me/rous,
ou)x o(/pou h( w)/|a.
th\n d' w)/|an kai\ o)/an dia\ braxe/ws tou= <o> le/
gousin: o)/a de\ kalei=tai kai\ h( tou= proba/tou dora\ h( su\n tw=| e)ri/w|.
ai( de\ para\ ta\s w)/|as parufai\ kalou=ntai pe/zai kai\ pezi/des, kai\ peri/
peza ta\ ou(/tw periufasme/na: oi( de\ pezofo/roi xitw=nes h)\ oi( podh/reis
h)\ oi( pe/zas e)/xontes.
*cenofw=n
(
o(lopo/rfuron," *kra/ths d' e)n *sami/ois
(
fura." tau/tas de\ ta\s porfurobafei=s e)sqh=tas kai\ ka/llh fi/lon toi=s
kwmw|doi=s kalei=n, w(s *eu)/poli/s pou le/gei
(
ta\ ka/llh ta\ peri/semna th=| qew=|.
*)/arxippos d' e)n *plou/tw|
(
i(ma/tia.
kai\ kro/kus de\ me/ros e)sqh=tos: le/gei gou=n *(hro/dotos
(
"labw\n kro/kun e)k tou= i(mati/ou," *)aristofa/nhs de\
(
a)nh/seis kroku/da mastigoume/nh.
periw=sai d' e)/legon to\ tw=n palaiw=n i(mati/wn ta\s w)/|as a)felo/nta
kaina\s periqei=nai.
parairh/mata de\ *qoukudi/dhs
(
e)sqh/twn ta\ pro\s tai=s w)/|ais, a(\ parairei=sqai/ fhsin w(s i)sxura\ ei)s
a)gxo/nhn.
qu/sanoi d' oi( kalou/menoi krossoi/, o(/qen kai\ ta\ qusa
nwta\ para\ *cenofw=nti
(?
).
tou\s de\ qusa/nous kai\ si/lluba oi( palaioi\
kalou=sin.
kai\ au)toi\ d' oi( krossoi\ dokoi=en a)\n w)noma/sqai, *)araro/tos
ei)po/ntos e)n *kainei=
(
parqe/nos d' ei)=nai dokei=,
forw=n kroswtou\s kai\ gunaikei/an stolh/n:
e)/nioi ga\r ou(/tw gra/fousin a)nti\ tou= krokwtou/s.
kra/speda d' ai( te
leutai=ai o)/xqai.
bou=s d' o)noma/zesqai/ fasi ta\s tw=n e)n toi=s xitw=si
r(afw=n sumbola/s.
to\ de\ tw=n mastw=n tw=n gunaikei/wn zw=ma tai
ni/an w)no/mazon h)\ taini/dion, to\ de\ peri\ th=| koili/a| peri/zwma h)\
perizw/stran.
to\ de\ peri\ toi=s ai)doi/ois, ou) mo/non gunaikw=n a)lla\ kai\
a)ndrw=n, o(po/te su\n tai=s gunaici\ lou/ointo, w)/|an loutri/da e)/oike
*qeo/pompos o( kwmiko\s e)n *paisi\
(
th\n dh\ perizwsa/menos w)/|an loutri/da
kata/desmon h(/bhs peripe/taston.
a)/ntikrus de\ to\n nu=n kalou/menon u(po\ tw=n gunaikw=n sthqo/desmon
eu(/rois a)\n o)nomazo/menon a)po/desmon e)n *qesmoforiazou/sais *)ari
stofa/nous
(
th\n pte/ruga paralu/sasa tou= xitwni/ou
kai\ tw=n a)pode/smwn, oi(=s e)nh=n titqi/dia.
fa/rion de\ to\n e)reou=n kekru/falon w)no/mazon.
su/rma de\ tragiko/n
e)sti fo/rhma e)pisuro/menon, e)pi/rrhma de\ kwmiko\n tainiw=des, to\ me\n
pla/tos kata\ spiqamh/n, to\ de\ mh=kos kat' o)rguia/n.
ai( de\ *pellhnikai\
xlai=nai h)=san eu)do/kimoi w(s kai\ toi=s nikw=sin a)qlhtai=s di/dosqai.
to\
me/ntoi gunaikei=on zw/nion ou(/tw t' e)ka/loun kai\ stro/fion w)no/mazon,
w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
a)lla\ to\ stro/fion luqe/n
ta\ ka/rua/ mou e)ce/pipten.
ta\ de\ zw/nia tau=ta kai\ stroggu/las w)no/mazon.
a(rmo/ttoi d' a)\n tai=s
zw/nais tau/tais_ou(/tw ga\r *(/omhros
(l
lu=se de\ parqenikh\n zw/nhn_
to\ lusi/zwnon ei)pei=n, o(/ te th=s *)amazo/nos zwsth/r, kai\ h( e)n tai=s
*sofokle/ous *kolxi/sin
(
eu)zw/nous e(/stasan i(mati/wn e)pizw/stras."
h( de\ katwna/kh e)c e)ri/ou me\n h)=n e)sqh\s paxei=a, na/kos d' au)th=
kata\ th\n pe/zan prose/rrapto e)/n te *sikuw=ni e)pi\ tw=n tura/nnwn
kai\ *)aqh/nhsin e)pi\ tw=n *peisisratidw=n, o(/pws ai)sxu/nointo ei)s a)/stu
katie/nai.
"ka/ssas de\ i(ppikou\s" *cenofw=n ei)/rhken e)n th=| *paidei/a|
(suri/an de\ i(ma/tion *krati=
no/s fhsi *serifi/ois:
(
e)s *suri/an d' e)nqe/nd' a)fiknei= mete/wros u(p' au)/ras.
i(ma/tion moxqhro/n, o(/tan borra=s katapneu/sh|.
o)rqa/ptou de\ me/mnhtai *dei/narxos e)n th=| th=s i(erei/as dokimasi/a|: e)/sti
d' e)c e)ri/ou pi/lhma foinikou=n, w(=| faidru/nousi ta\ e(/dh tw=n qew=n.
ta\
de\ me/lana i(ma/tia o)/rfnina e)ka/loun, to\ de\ a)/knapton i(ma/tion o)reino\n
oi( me/soi kwmikoi/
(
to\ e)gnamme/non.
kai\ sku/tinai de\ h)=san e)sqh=tes, si/ttuba me\n xitw\n e)k de/r
matos, difqe/ra de\ stegasto\s xitw\n e)pi/kranon e)/xwn.
h( de\ bai/th
e)/sti me\n promh/khs xitw/n, ou(/tw de\ *sofoklh=s
(
na\s ta\s barbarika\s kalei=.
si/surna de\ xitw\n sku/tinos e)/ntrixos xeiri
dwto/s: *skuqiko\n to\ xrh=ma.
h( de\ sisu/ra peri/blhma a)\n ei)/h e)k difqe/ras:
e)n pe/nte sisu/rais e)gkekordulhme/nos
*)aristofa/nhs
(spola\s de\ qw/rac e)k de/rmatos, kata\
tou\s w)/mous e)fapto/menos, w(s *cenofw=n
(
e)/fh kai\ spola\s a)nti\ qw/rakos.
*sofoklh=s
(
o)noma/zei:
spola\s *li/bussa, pardalh/foron de/ros.
e)k de\ li/nou linou=s xitw/n, o(\n *)aqhnai=oi pro/teron e)fo/roun
podh/rh, kai\ au)=qis *)/iwnes.
kala/siris xitw\n qusanwto\s *ai)gu/ptios.
e)/sti de\ kai\ o( fw/swn xitw\n *ai)gu/ptios, e)k paxe/os li/nou, h)= pou de\
kai\ to\ h(mifwsw/nion.
to\ de\ h(mitu/bion, e)/sti me\n kai\ tou=to *ai)
gu/ption, ei)/h d' a)\n kata\ to\ e)n th=| me/sh| kwmw|di/a|
(
kayidrw/tion kalou/menon, o(\ nu=n souda/rion o)noma/zetai: *)aristofa/nei
ga\r e)n *plou/tw|
(
e)/peita kaqaro\n h(mitu/bion labw/n
ta\ ble/fara perie/yhsen.
sindw\n d' e)/sti me\n *ai)gupti/a, peribo/laion d' a)\n ei)/h
kalou/menon: ei)/rhtai de/ pou kai\ telamw\n sindoni/ths.
th\n de\ e)rga
zome/nhn to\ li/non linourgo\n a)\n ei)/pois, *)ale/cidos ei)po/ntos e)n *bwmw=|
(
gunh\ linourgo\s perituxou=s' a)fei/leto,
kai\ linourgi/an.
kai\ h( ka/nnabis d' o(/moio/n e)sti li/nw|, me/mnhtai
d' au)th=s *(hro/dotos
(
me/ntoi kai\ ta\ stuppei=a, kai\ o( texni/ths stuppeiopw/lhs, kai\ stu/ppac.
to\ de\ e)rgalei=on kaq' ou(= e)/klwqon e)cartw=ntes ta\ stuppei=a, ge/rwn
e)kalei=to: h)=n de\ cu/lou pepoihme/non kio/nion, xei=ras *(ermou= tetragw/
nou e)/xon, w(=| ge/rontos e)ph=n pro/swpon, a)f' ou(= kai\ tou)/noma.
*fere
kra/ths de/ fhsin e)n *murmhkanqrw/pois
(
a)ll' w(s ta/xista to\n ge/ronq' i(sto\n poi/ei,
a)f' ou(= to\ li/non h)=n.
e)n de\ tw=| pe/mptw| tw=n *sapfou=s melw=n e)/stin
eu(rei=n
(
a)mfi\ la/brois lasi/ois eu)= e)pu/kassen:
kai\ fasi\n ei)=nai tau=ta sindo/nia e)pestramme/na.
*qeo/pompos d' e)n *)odus
seu=sin
(
ou(/tw de\ kai\ nu=n kalou=si ta\ mallou\s e)/xonta xeiro/maktra w(s a)po\
th=s dasu/thtos, w(/st' ou)de\n a)\n kwlu/oi ta\s o)nomazome/nas manth/las
ou(/tw kalei=n.
ta\ de\ a)mo/rgina gi/nesqai me\n ta\ a)/rista e)n th=| *)amorgw=|,
li/nou d' ou)=n kai\ tau/tas ei)=nai le/gousin.
o( de\ a)mo/rginos xitw\n kai\
a)morgi\s e)kalei=to.
kai\ mh\n kai\ ta\ bu/ssina, kai\ h( bu/ssos li/nou ti ei)=dos par' *)indoi=s.
h)/dh de\ kai\ par' *ai)gupti/ois a)po\ cu/lou ti e)/rion gi/netai, e)c ou(= th\n
e)sqh=ta linh=| ma=llon a)/n tis fai/h proseoike/nai, plh\n to\ pa/xos: e)/sti
ga\r paxute/ra.
tw=| de\ de/ndrw| karpo\s e)pifu/etai karu/w| ma/lista pros
eoikw\s triplw=| th\n dia/fusin, h(=s diasta/shs e)peida\n au)anqh=| to\ w(/sper
ka/ruon, e)/ndoqen e)cairei=tai to\ w(/sper e)/rion, a)f' ou(= kro/kh gi/netai:
to\n de\ sth/mona u(fista=sin au)tw=| linou=n.
ta\ de\ e)k bombu/kwn,
skw/lhke/s ei)sin oi( bo/mbukes, a)f' e(autw=n ta\ nh/mata a)nie/ntes w(/sper
o( a)ra/xnhs.
e)/nioi de\ kai\ tou\s *sh=ras a)po\ toiou/twn e(te/rwn zw/|wn
a)qroi/zein fasi\ ta\ u(fa/smata.
kai\ floi/+nhn de\ e)sqh=ta *(hro/dotos
(
ei)/rhken.
kai\ mh\n to/ ge tarantini/dion diafane/s e)stin e)/sqhma, w)no
masme/non a)po\ th=s *taranti/nwn xrh/sews kai\ trufh=s.
e)kalei=to de/ ti
kai\ *krhtiko/n, w(=| *)aqh/nhsin o( basileu\s e)xrh=to.
kai\ *sardoniko\s de\
xitw/n tis e)kalei=to kai\ *sikeliko/s, kai\ *qh/raio/n ti poiki/lon, kai\ *fru/
gion gunaikei=on, a)po\ th=s e)pi\ ple/on tinw=n xrh/sews e(/kasta tou/twn
o)nomasqe/nta.
deuterourgh= de\ xlai=nan e)ka/loun h(\n oi( nu=n e)pi/gnafon,
kai\ deuterourgou\s tou\s tou=to poiou=ntas.
ta/xa de\ tou=to u(podhloi=
kai\ *lu/sippos e)n *ba/kxais
(
su\ d' a)nagna/yas kai\ qeiw/sas ta\s a)llotri/as e)pinoi/as.
oi( de\ ta\s e)sqh=tas pipra/skontes i(matiopw=lai *kriti/ou
(
vs 628. 29
tio/pwlis a)gora/.
h( d' au)th\ kai\ speiro/pwlis: spei=ra ga\r ou) ta\ r(a/kh
mo/non a)lla\ kai\ ta\s a)mei/nous e)/nioi kalei=n h)ci/oun e)sqh=tas.
tou\s de\
ta\s e)sqh=tas a)pomisqou=ntas toi=s xorhgoi=s oi( me\n ne/oi i(matiomi/sqas
e)ka/loun, oi( de\ me/soi i(matiomisqwta/s.
o(/ti me/ntoi kai\ tri/mita ei)rga/
zonto, *ai)sxu/los dida/skei fh/sas
(
su\ de\ spaqhtoi=s trimiti/nois u(fa/smasin.
ei)s a(\ de\ kateti/qento ta\s e)sqh=tas tau/tas, xhloi\ me\n kaq'
*(/omhron
(f
toi=s newte/rois kai\ r(i/skoi kai\ kandu/tanes, i)/sws kai\ a)o/rtai, *mena/n
drou ei)po/ntos e)n *misogu/nh|
(
xlamu/da, kausi/an,
lo/gxhn, a)o/rthn, i(ma/tia.
a(\ de\ oi( palaioi\ strwmato/desma, tau=q' oi( new/teroi strwmatei=s e)/legon,
e)n oi(=s, w(s me\n tou)/noma dhloi=, ta\ strw/mata a)peti/qento, dh=lon de\
o(/ti kai\ ta\s a)/llas e)sqh=tas.
kai\ faskw/lous de\ e)/legon oi( palaioi\
ta\ tw=n i(mati/wn a)ggei=a kai\ qula/kous.
*cenofw=n
(
kai\ marsi/pous i(mati/wn ei)=pen.
*(/epoito d' a)/n, oi)=mai, tai=s peri\ ta\s e)sqh=tas te/xnais kai\ h( tw=n
u(podhma/twn dia\ th\n xrei/an th\n e)pi\ tw=| sw/mati.
kai\ a)po\ me\n tou/twn
u(podh/mata kai\ u(podei=sqai kai\ u(podou/menos kai\ a)nupo/dhtos, oi( de\
peri\ tau=ta texni=tai skutode/yai bursode/yai, skutopw=lai burso
pw=lai skutoto/moi skutei=s, skutei/a, kattu/ontes kattuo/menoi.
me/rh
de\ u(podhma/twn glw=ttai kai\ kattu/mata kai\ u(/sxloi: kai\ zugo\n de/ ti
to\ peri\ toi=s o)/nuci tou= koi/lou u(podh/matos, kai\ tou= sandali/ou to\
tou\s daktu/lous sune/xon.
ei)/pois d' a)\n r(a/yasqai u(podh/mata, kai\
r(a/yai w(s *(hro/dotos
(
bursotomei=n bursodeyei=n, i(mantotomei=n.
*cenofw=n
(
`2. 5
fetai, o( de\ sxi/zwn." tou\s de\ ta\ u(podh/mata r(a/ptontas pisu/ggous
e)/nioi tw=n kwmwdw=n kalou=si
(
tw=n pisu/ggia.
ta\ de\ palaia\ kattu/mata pali/mphga o)noma/zetai, oi( de\
ta\ palaia\ e)pirra/ptontes palaiourgoi/, ta\ d' e)pirrapto/mena palin
dori/a, e)f' w(=n le/getai to\ e)pikattu/esqai kai\ e)pikattu/ein.
ta\ de\ e)r
galei=a au)tw=n smi/lh, a)f' h(=s kai\ ta\ smileu/mata e)n *batra/xois
(
*)aristofa/nous, kai\ peritomeu/s, a)f' ou(= to\ perite/mnein.
o)ph/tia
de\ kai\ o)phti/dia, a(\ kai\ xhleu/mata e)ka/loun oi( poihtai/
(
phocles fg 445ma/lista de\ ou(/tws w)no/mazon ta\ tw=n sxoi/nous
pleko/ntwn, w(s kai\ kra/nh xhleuta\ ta\ plekta\ *(hro/doton
(
le/gein: kai\ *eu)/polis
(ta\ de\ o)ph/tia
o(/per e)n *krhsi\ *nikoxa/rhs
(toi=s de\ bursode/
yais h)\ skutoto/mois prosh/kei to\ katebu/rswsan, o(/ fhsin o( *qouku
di/dhs
(le/goito d' a)\n kai\ u(podh/mata koi=la, baqe/a ei)s
me/shn th\n knh/mhn a)nh/konta: ta\ de\ mh\ koi=la au)to\ mo/non a)poxrw=n
e)stin ei)pei=n u(podh/mata.
peri\ a(\ de\ tei/netai kai\ perirra/ptetai ta\
koi=la u(podh/mata kala/podes ou) kata\ th\n nu=n xrei/an mo/non a)lla\
kai\ kata\ th\n a)rxai/an ke/klhntai.
peri\ po/da de\ u(podh/mata ta\ a(rmo/
zonta.
u(podhma/twn de\ ei)/dh basili/des: e)fo/rei de\ au)ta\s o( basileu\s
*)aqh/nhsin.
krhpi=des: to\ me\n fo/rhma stratiwtiko/n, e)/nioi d' au)ta\s
tw=n poihtw=n
(e)mba/des: eu)
tele\s me\n to\ u(po/dhma, *qra/|kion de\ to\ eu(/rhma, th\n de\ i)de/an koqo/r
nois tapeinoi=s e)/oiken.
sxistai\ polutele\s u(po/dhma kai\ qruptiko/n:
tau/tas de\ kai\ leptosxidei=s w)no/mazon.
a)ske/rai u(po/dhma la/sion, xei
mw=nos xrh/simon.
h)=n de/ ti u(po/dhma kai\ a)rbu/lh, eu)tele\s th\n e)rgasi/an.
h( de\ sukxa\s krhpi=di me\n e)/oiken, w)no/mastai de\ e)k tou= sune/xein to\n
po/da.
oi( de\ koni/podes lepto\n u(po/dhma presbutiko/n: kai\ to\ ka/t
tuma kou=fon, w(s e)ggu\s ei)=nai th=s ko/news to\n po/da.
to\ de\ san
da/lion ou) mo/non *me/nandros
(
w(/sper kai\ to\ sa/ndalon *eu)/polis e)n *xrusw=| ge/nei
(
sxedo\n a(/pantes oi( kwmikoi/, a)lla\ kai\ *krati=nos e)n toi=s *no/mois
(
(
sanda/lia/ te tw=n leptosxidw=n,
e)f' oi(=s ta\ xrusa= tau=t' e)/pestin a)/nqema.
nu=n d', w(/sper h( qera/pain', e)/xw peribari/das.
*me/nandros me/ntoi e)n *misogu/nh|
(
qh/kas" le/gei.
h( de\ blau/th sandali/ou ti ei)=dos, kai\ h(/rws *)aqh/
nhsin o( e)pi\ blau/th|: a)ne/qhke ga/r tis skutoto/mos blau/ths li/
qinon tu/pon.
h( de\ krou/peza cu/linon u(po/dhma, pepoihme/non ei)s
e)ndo/simon xorou=: kroupezofo/rous d' tou\s *boiwtou\s *krati=nos
(
`310a)po\ de\ e)qnw=n h)\ po/lewn
le/gontai kai\ e(/tera.
karbati/nh me\n a)/groikon u(po/dhma, klhqe\n
a)po\ *karw=n.
*)amukla=|des de\ e)leuqeriw/teron me\n u(po/dhma.
dhloi= de\
klh/sei to\n to/pon.
ai( de\ *)argei=ai panti\ dh=lon w(s *)argei/wn to\ eu(/
rhma, kaqa/per ai( *skuqikai\ *skuqw=n kai\ *(rodi/wn ai( *(rodiakai/.
ai( de\
*lakwnikai\ to\ me\n xrw=ma e)ruqrai/, tou)/noma de\ dhloi= to\n th=s eu(re/
sews to/pon.
kai\ *qettali\s de\ u(po/dhma mhnu=on tou\s eu(reta/s: me/mnh
tai d' au)tou= *lu/sippos e)n *ba/kxais
(
blau/th|, koqo/rnw|, *qettali/di.
au)tosxede\s de\ u(po/dhma to\ a(plw=s ei)rgasme/non *(/ermippos ei)/rhken
e)n *dhmo/tais
(a)po\ de\ tw=n xrhsame/nwn *)ifikrati/des
*deinia/des *)alkibia/des *sminduri/dia, *munna/kia a)po\ *munna/kou.
h)=n de\
kai/ ti u(po/dhma dhmokopi/des.
e(/ptusxloi de\ polutele\s a)ndrei=on, ou(=
*(/ermippos e)n *formofo/rois
(
karki/nwn *ferekra/ths
(
kattu/omai tou\s karki/nous.
me/mnhtai de\ kai\ faikasi/ou e)n tw=| *(ermh=| *)eratosqe/nhs
(
pe/lma podi\ krou/esken e)lafrou= faikasi/ois:
o( *(ri/nqwn
(
e)n *)ifigenei/a| th=| e)n *au)li/di.
h( de\ eu)/maris koino\n a)ndra/si pro\s gu
nai=kas, barbariko\n me\n eu(/rhma, e)c e)lafw=n de\ pepoihme/non.
kai\ ta\
dia/baqra de\ koina\ a)ndrw=n kai\ gunaikw=n.
o( de\ ko/qornos a(rmo/zwn
a)mfoi=n toi=n podoi=n, o(/qen kai\ to\n *qhrame/nhn ko/qornon e)ka/loun dia\
to\n peri\ th\n politei/an a)mfoterismo/n.
e)mba/tai de\ o)/noma toi=s kw
mikoi=s u(podh/masin.
u(po/sxisma de\ a)ndrei=on u(po/dhma ma/la eu)te
le/s, kai\ pro/sxisma presbutiko/n.
h)=n de/ ti u(po/dhma kai\ o)pisqokrh
pi/s.
a(\ de\ podei=a *kriti/as
(
oi)hte/on ei)/te perieilh/mata podw=n, tau=ta pe/llutra kalei= e)n *finei=
*ai)sxu/los
(
pe/llutr' e)/xousin eu)qe/tois e)n a)rbu/lais.
ta\ de\ pe/llutra kai\ ei)=dos u(podh/matos, w(/sper au)= ta\ podei=a tau)to\n
h)=n tai=s a)nacuri/sin, a(\s skele/as e)/nioi o)noma/zousin.
*kra/ths d' e)n *(eor
tai=s
(i)/dia de\ gunaikw=n
u(podh/mata *persikai/: leuko\n u(po/dhma, ma=llon e(tairiko/n.
peribari/s:
qerapaini/dwn ma=llon to\ u(po/dhma.
*turrhnika/: to\ ka/ttuma cu/linon
tetrada/ktulon, oi( de\ i(ma/ntes e)pi/xrusoi: sanda/lion ga\r h)=n, u(pe/dhse
d' au)to\ *feidi/as th\n *)aqhna=n.
e)ka/loun d' au)ta\ turrhnikourgh=, w(/sper
kai\ ta\ e)/mbaqra r(hnioergh=.
ta\ me/ntoi *turrhnika\ ei)/h a)\n o( *sapfou=s
(
poiki/los ma/slhs *lu/dion kalo\n e)/rgon.
ai( de\ e)ndromi/des, i)/dion th=s *)arte/midos to\ u(po/dhma.
ta\ de\ *sikuw/nia
to\ o)/noma dhloi= ti/nwn to\ eu(/rhma.
ta\ de\ ploia/ria kai\ a)ka/tia
o)noma/zei *)aristofa/nhs
(
ma/twn.
r(a/|dia de\ poiki/lon kai\ polue/likton u(po/dhma: mnhmoneu/ei de\
au)tou= *pla/twn
(
ai( de\ bauki/des kai\ bauki/dia e)le/gonto: polutele\s d' h)=n u(po/dhma
krokoeide/s.
gunaikei=a de\ kai\ ta\ a)/frakta, o)pisqokrhpi=des, kanna/
bia, gumnopo/dia, peri/bara, nuktiph/dhkes, mesopersikai/, fitta/kia, *se
leuki/des, nossi/des, *)ambraki/des, a)mfi/sfura, a)krosfu/ria.
ou)k a)\n d' i)/sws fau=lon ei)/h tou/tois u(poqei=nai le/cin e)k *qesmo
foriazousw=n *)aristofa/nous
(
e/xei gunaikei/wn forhma/twn, a(\ kai\ toi=s peri\ ko/smwn i)/sws a)\n e)nh/r
mosen.
curo/n, ka/toptron, yali/da, khrwth/n, li/tron,
proko/mion, o)xqoi/bous, mi/tras, a)nadh/mata,
a)/gxousan, o)/leqron to\n baqu/n, yimu/qion,
mu/ron, ki/shrin, stro/fon, o)pisqosfendo/nhn,
ka/lumma, fu=kos, peride/raia, u(pogra/mmata,
trufokala/sirin, e)lle/boron, kekru/falon,
zw=m', a)mpexo/nhn, tru/fhma, parufe/s, custi/da,
xitw=na, ba/raqron, e)/gkuklon, kommw/trion,
e(/tera q' o(/s' ou)dei\s mnhmoneu/seie/n pote._
ta\ me/gista d' ou) le/geis au)tw=n tauti/;_
dio/pas, dia/liqon pla/stra, mala/kion, bo/trus,
xli/dwna, pero/nas, a)mfide/as, o(/rmous, pe/das,
sfragi=das, a(lu/seis, daktuli/ous, katapla/smata,
pomfo/lugas, a)pode/smous, o)li/sbous, sa/rdia,
u(pode/reis, e(likth=ras, a)/ll' a)f' w(=n
ou)d' a)\n le/gwn le/cais.
*le/gwmen toi/nun te/xnas o(/sai ta\s u(/las u(poba/llousi tai=s loipai=s.
metallei/a, me/talla metalleu/s metalleu/ein, e)kmetalleu/ein o)ru/ttein
gewruxei=n, ska/ptein kai\ a)naska/ptein kai\ diaska/ptein.
xrusou= me
tallei=s, xrusourgoi\ xrusourgou=ntes xruso\n o)ru/ttontes, ta\ xru
sei=a, th\n u(po/xruson gh=n, th\n kata/xruson gh=n, xrusi/da ya/mmon,
th\n e)pi/xruson ko/nin, th\n xrusi=tin gh=n metalleu/ontes, diash/qontes
dihqou=ntes, diakri/nontes, e(/yontes, kaqai/rontes puri\ basani/zontes.
a)/pefqos xruso/s, a)kribh/s, ei)likrinh/s, a)kh/ratos, a)kraifnh/s, *darei
ko/s, *guga/das.
a)rgu/ria, a)rguri=tis gh=, u(pa/rguros e)pa/rguros, a)r
gu/reia me/talla.
kainotomi/ai meta/llwn.
mesokrinei=s ki/ones oi( e)n
toi=s meta/llois u(festhko/tes a)ne/xein ta\ o)ru/gmata.
a)/rguros kaqaro/s,
diafanh/s, *)aruandiko/s.
gh= u(po/xalkos: ou) ga\r xalki=tis, ou)de\ xal
kei=a me/talla, w(/sper kai\ sidh/rou me/talla kai\ gh= sidhri=tis.
tau/
ths de\ to\ ka/qarma skwri/an w)no/mazon, w(/sper tou= xrusou= to\ a)/nqos
a)da/manta kai\ to\n tw=n a)rguri/wn koniorto\n ke/rxnon.
th\n de\ skw
ri/an kai\ ki/bdon e)ka/lesan, a)f' h(=s kai\ oi( metallei=s ki/bdwnes.
to\ de\
a)ggei=on e)n w(=| katekera/nnusan to\n si/dhron, peri/odos kalei=tai e)n tw=|
peri\ meta/llwn, ei)/te *)aristote/lous
(
*qeofra/stou.
polla\ d' a)\n kai\ a)/lla ei)/h me/talla, w(/sper ta\ e)n
*sa/mw| ta\ kalou/mena gewfa/neia, u(pe\r w(=n o( *dei/narxos
(
turkai\ ki
mwli/an gh=n *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ h( a)mbola\s de\ gh=
para\ *cenofw=nti
(
mh\ toi=s meta/llois.
tou\s de\ metalle/as qulakoforei=n *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ li/qwn de\ metallei=ai, liqourgi/ai, liqotomi/ai.
polla\ de\ ei)/dh li/qwn, *frugi/a, *la/kaina, *li/bussa, *eu)boi/+s, *qettalh/, *ai)
gupti/a.
kai\ tou/twn i)de/ai plei/ones, kai\ kogxuli/as de\ li/qos e)n *)aristo
fa/nous *daida/lw|
(
lia/ths, luxni/as de\ para\ *pla/twni e)n toi=s *sofistai=s
(
to\ ga\r tou= o)reixa/lkou me/tallon ou)de/pw kai\ nu=n ei)s pi/stin h(/kei
bebai/an.
*)ameiyi/ou de\ e)n *muxoi=s
(
po/ntos, ei)/h a)\n e)n toi=s metalleu=sin o( miltwru/xos.
kai\ mh/kwn de\ h)=n
ti ya/mmou ei)=dos e)n toi=s meta/llois.
*)ek de\ tw=n ta\s u(/las paraskeuazo/ntwn ei)=en a)\n u(lourgoi/,
futourgoi/, gewrgoi/, u(loto/moi, u(lagwgoi/, culourgoi/, pissourgoi/,
smhnourgoi/: kai\ h( pra=cis u(lourgi/a, u(lotomi/a, u(lagwgi/a, cul
ourgi/a, pissourgi/a, khpourgi/a, smhnourgi/a.
kai\ a)po\ me\n xrusou= xrusoxo/oi xrusoxoei=on, xrusou=n a)poxru
sou=n, e)pi/xruson, xrusoxoei=n, kai\ h( te/xnh xrusoxoi+kh/.
kai\ xru
si/des de\ fia/lai, kai\ xrusou=s to\ no/misma.
proske/oito d' a)\n o( stath/r:
ei) de\ kai\ "*dareiko/s" tis ei)=pen, o( xrusou=s proshkou/eto.
xrusw/rofos
de\ oi)=kos, kai\ xrush= *)afrodi/th.
kai\ h( basani/zousa to\n xruso\n xru
si=tis li/qos h)\ *ludi/a.
ei)/rhtai de/ pou kai\ ta\ xrusi/a para\ toi=s kw
mw|doi=s e)pi\ tw=n gunaikei/wn kosmhma/twn, kai\ ta\ xrusw/mata para\
*lusi/a| e)n tw=| peri\ xrusou= tri/podos
(a)po\ d' a)rgu/rou
a)rguroko/pos, w(s *fru/nixos e)n *)efia/lth|
(
kopei=on, w(s *ai)sxi/nhs e)n *(ri/nwni
(
sth=ras de\ lo/gwn e)n *trofwni/w| pai/zei *krati=nos
(a)r
guramoibo/s, a)rgurognw/mwn, a)rgurolo/gos a)rgurologei=n, kai\ a)rgu/rion
to\ no/misma: ei)/rhtai de\ kai\ a)rgu/ria e)n *)aristofa/nous *nh/sois
(
a)rgura/gxh, w(s *dhma/dhs
(
a/gxh| le/gonta ei)lh=fqai kai\ e)pi\ toi=s a)rguri/ois siwpw=nta.
a)rgu
ri/zesqai de/, kai\ a)rguri/des fia/lai, kai\ skeu=os a)rgurou=n.
kai\ a)rgu
rw/mata o(moi/ws para\ *lusi/a|
(u(pa/rguron de\ to\
ki/bdhlon xrusi/on.
a)po\ de\ xalkou= u(po/xalkon no/misma kai\ xalko/
kraton, kai\ xalkou=s nomi/smatos ei)=dos, kai\ xalkotu/pos kai\ xal
kourgo\s kai\ xalkourgi/a, kai\ xalkeu\s kai\ xalkeu/ein kai\ xalkei=a
e(orth\ e)n th=| *)attikh=| *(hfai/stou i(era/.
xalkw/mata de\ *)aristofa/nhs e)n
*pelargoi=s
(
klwyi
(
me\n xalko\n to\n xuto\n xrh\ kalei=n, tupi/an de\ o(\n a)\n oi( nu=n ei)/poien
e)lato/n.
xalki/zein de\ paidia=s ti ei)=dos, e)n h(=| nomi/smati h)rti/azon.
sidhreu\s sidhreu/ein, sidh/rion, sidhrourgi/a, o)beloi\ sidhroi=, no/misma
sidhrou=n to\ *lakedaimoni/wn kai\ *buzanti/wn.
xalkeu/ein de\ kai\ to\ si
dhreu/ein e)/legon, kai\ xalke/as tou\s to\n si/dhron e)rgazome/nous.
sidh
ri=tin de\ te/xnhn e)n *tacia/rxois *eu)/polis
(
*canqi/ou tou= sidhre/ws, ou(= e)pi\ th=s ei)ko/nos e)pige/graptai sidhro/fusa.
ta\ de\ e)rgalei=a tou/twn fu=sai a)krofu/sia, xoa/nai, pura/grai, a)/kmones,
r(aisth=res sfu=rai, e)sxari/des, a)ko/nai qhga/nai, krotafi/des: sfu=rai d'
ei)si\ sidhrai=, e)k qate/rou o)cei=ai.
to\ de\ e)/rgon u(grai/nein, lu/ein, sugxw
neu/ein, e)lau/nein e)celau/nein, tupou=n, a)kona=n qh/gein, proshlou=n, dia
pattaleu/ein prospattaleu/ein, stomou=n, h(/lous poiei=n, sto/mwma_
*krati=nos
(
lous, e)pi/swtra plh/mnas klei=das a)naklei=das paraklei=das
balana/gras, a(lu/seis, bala/nous, u(/pera sidhra=, moxlou/s, gigglu/mous
korw/nas, klh=|qra, zuga/.
pro\ de\ tw=n kami/nwn toi=s xalkeu=sin e)/qos
h)=n geloi=a/ tina katarta=n h)\ e)pipla/ttein e)pi\ fqo/nou a)potroph=|: e)ka
lei=to de\ baska/nia, w(s kai\ *)aristofa/nhs le/gei
(
plh\n ei)/ tis pri/aito deo/menos
baska/nion e)pika/minon a)ndro\s xalke/ws.
to\ de\ mo/lubdon e)rga/zesqai molubdoxoei=n.
tou/tois d' a)\n prosh/koi
kai\ a)galmatopoiei=n kai\ a)galmatopoii/a, a)ndriantopoiei=n a)ndrian
topoii/a, toi=s de\ xrusourgoi=s kai\ daktulioglu/foi: to\ o)/noma para\
*kriti/a|
(
de\ e)n *po/lesi
(
*tw=n de\ cu/lwn u(lotomhqe/ntwn oi( e)rga/tai u(loto/moi kai\
druto/moi kai\ u(lagwgoi/, kai\ ta\ e)rgalei=a pele/keis, kai\ ta\ r(h/mata
u(lotomei=n kai\ u(lagwgei=n kai\ u(la/zesqai.
ta\ me\n ei)/pois a)\n tw=n
cu/lwn e)rga/sima ta\ de\ kau/sima.
a)lla\ kai\ floio\n kai\ fello\n kai\
a)gkali/das, o(/qen kai\ oi( a)gkalidagwgoi\ o)/noi kai\ a)gkalidhfo/roi
a)/ndres.
kai\ tw=n me\n kausi/mwn ei)=en a)\n kai\ klhmati/des kai\
kormoi/:
(y
kai\ *eu)ripi/dhs
(kai\ fitrou\s de\
tou/tous le/gei h( poihtikh\ fwnh/.
e)kkau/mata de\ *sofoklh=s e)n *(hra
klei/+skw| saturikw=|
(
sune/legon ta\ cu/l', w(s e)kkauma/twn
mh/ moi deh/seien.
kai\ a)/nqrakes kai\ mari/lh, kai\ oi( texni=tai a)nqrakei=s kai\ marileutai/,
kai\ marileu=sai to\ r(h=ma, kai\ to\ a)ggei=on tw=n a)nqra/kwn la/rkos kai\
formo/s, h( de\ tw=n a)nqraki/wn ka/minos pnigeu/s, oi( de\ h(mi/kautoi a)/n
qrakes quma/lwpes, oi( de\ spinqh=res fe/yaloi.
o( de\ tou\s a)/nqrakas
pipra/skwn a)nqrakopw/lhs: le/gei gou=n *filu/llios e)n *po/lesin
(
`14 ko
a)nqrakopw/lhs, koskinopoio/s, khpeu/s, koureu/s.
fw=|des de\ ai( a)po\ th=s flogo\s flu/ktainai, kai\ flukti/des kai\ fau/
stigges ai( e)pi\ tai=s knh/mais, ma/lista de\ e)pi\ xalke/wn.
tw=n de\ e)rgasi/mwn nauphgoi\ nauphgi/a, te/ktones kai\ tek
tonikh/, klinopoioi/ quropoioi/.
kai\ ta\ me\n nauphgw=n ei)/rhtai e)n
toi=s peri\ new=n
(
ta\ de\ quropoiw=n e)n toi=s peri\ oi)/kwn
(
h(\n *(/omhros
(a
w)no/mase kai\ *posei/dippos e)n *gala/th| o( ne/os kwmiko\s
(
toi=s ne/ois h( fwnh/, lhpte/on de\ kai\ ta\ spa/nia, ei) kai\ mh\ par' au)
tw=n ei)/h xrhste/a,_ta\ de\ tekto/nwn kai\ au)ta\ e)n toi=s sumpoti
koi=s
(
ta\ e)/rga.
kai\ di/froi de\ kai\ klismoi\ kai\ qro/noi th=s culourgikh=s
qrani/a, skolu/qria.
ka/llistoi de\ oi( *qettalikoi\ di/froi, dio\ kai\ h(
*puqi/a e)/fh "*qettale\ poikilo/difre." ba/qra, kli/makes, kai\ oi( a)na
basmoi\ tw=n klima/kwn klimakth=res.
tektoniko\n de\ kai\ to\ paktw=sai
qu/ras e)n *)aristofa/nous *lusistra/th|
(ta\ de\ e)rgalei=a tou/twn
ske/parnon, "pe/lekus culoko/pos," w(s e)/fh *cenofw=n
(
tru/panon, te/retron, trupanou=xos, a)ri/s_*kalli/as gou=n e)n *pedh/
tais
(
pri/sths h( kaloume/nh r(i/nh: kai\ r(i/nh de\ u(po\ *cenofw=ntos
(
`2. 33e)n de\ toi=s e)/rgois au)tou= kai\ ta\ *)ale/cidos a)\n qei/hs
...
korma/sai, pri=sai, peleki/sai, h)= pou de\ kai\ ce/sai kai\ a(rmo/sai kai\
gomfw=sai suggomfw=sai, tulw=sai.
pri/ein de\ le/getai to\ pri/zein,
kai\ e)ce/prion e)/fh *qoukudi/dhs
(
loi=nto.
e)rga/zoito d' a)\n o( te/ktwn kai\ mua/gras, w(=n to\ i(sta/meno/n te
kai\ sxazo/menon patta/lion, to\ de\ th=| sparti/nh| proshrthme/non skan
da/lhqron kalei=tai, o( de\ e)n tai=s mei/zosi pa/gais pa/ttalos r(o/ptron,
w(/sper kai\ to\ th\n qu/ran e)pikrou=on.
kai\ a(rmatophgo\s de\ kaq'
*(/omhron
(*d
tophgei=n ei)/pois a)\n kai\ a(macophgei=n, kai\ a(rmatopoiei=n, kai\ zugo
poiei=n, w(s e)n *plou/tw| *)aristofa/nhs
(kai\ ta\ me\n a)/lla ei)/rhtai
peri\ a(rma/twn te kai\ a(macw=n
(
a(/rmasin a)peti/qento ta\s ma/stigas, % h( oi(onei\ tomisa/rgalos % e)ka
lei=to.
di/fros de\ diwxh\s o( du/o fe/rein duna/menos.
ta\s de\ knh/mas
ou) mo/non knh/mous a)lla\ kai\ knhmi/as w)no/mazon: *lusi/as
(
toi le/gei "a(rpa/sas th\n knhmi/an th=s a(ma/chs." ta\ d' i)/xnh tw=n tro
xw=n, a(\ *(/omhros
(*y
*kalli/as e)n *ku/klwyin
(
fragma, o(\ perilamba/netai diktu/ois, mo/rgon kalei=tai, kai\ morgeu/ein
to\ dra/gmata u(p' au)tw=| fe/rein.
*)epei\ de\ kai\ tou\s oi)kodo/mous te/ktonas *(/omhros
(z
kai\ a)rxite/ktwn ei)/rhtai para\ *pla/twni
(
e)n tw=| *sofokle/ous *daida/lw|
(
a)rxitektonei=n *)aristofa/nhs ei)/rhken e)n *daida/lw|
(fai/hs d'
a)\n oi)kodomi/a oi)kodomikh/_
(oi)kodo/mhsis ga\r para\ *qoukudi/dh|
do/mos: *)aristofa/nhs ga\r e)n *ghruta/dh|
(
mous, kai\ *pla/twn *politei/as deute/rw|
(kai\ teixodomei=n d'
a)\n ei)/pois to\n au)to\n kai\ teixopoiei=n, kai\ liqologei=n kai\ liqourgei=n
kai\ teixodo/mon ei)=nai kai\ teixopoio/n, kai\ liqourgo\n kai\ liqolo/gon,
ei) mh\ tou=to fh/seis u(phretikh/n tina ei)=nai th=| tektonikh=| te/xnh|, li
qoforei=n d' ei)/rhke *qoukudi/dhs
(*cenofw=n de\ e)n tw=| *oi)ko
nomikw=|
(kai\ latu/pous de\ *sofo
klh=s
(
kai\ glari/das.
kai\ liqoto/mon de\ *cenofw=n e)n tw=| tri/tw|
(
*paidei/as ei)/rhken, w(s *dhmosqe/nhs e)n tw=| kat' *eu)e/rgou kai\ *mnhsi
bou/lou
(h( de\
sfu=ra tw=n lato/mwn kalei=tai tu/kos.
to\ de\ th=s oi)kodomikh=s
e)/rgon oi)kodomei=n sunoikodomei=n e)poikodomei=n dioikodomei=n, li/qous
a(rmo/ttein sunarmo/ttein, a)kribw=s sumfuw=s a)pisou=n, a)peuqu/nein,
a)potei/nein, ka/mptein, peria/gein.
u(perw=|a e)pai/rein, kai\ ste/fein ta\
oi)kh/mata ei)s th\n o(do/n, kai\ ta\s pli/nqous a)naba/llein pro\s a)riqmo/n:
*(uperei/dhs ga\r e)n tw=| pro\s *)epikle/a
(o(/tan
de\ oi( poihtai\
(
stega/some/n fasi pro\s a)e/twma.
teixi/zein a)poteixi/zein, pu/rgous
e)fista/nai, metapu/rgia, promaxew=nas, e)pa/lceis prooikodomei=n, peri
oikodomei=n qri/gkous, peribo/lous: kai\ qrigkw=sai to\ r(h=ma.
yali/das,
puli/das, gei=sa geisw/mata, geish/podas geishpodi/smata geishpodi/zein.
stega/zein, e)re/ptein, te/gos prote/gion, o)/rofon parwrofi/da, o(/qen kai\
o)rofi/as o)/fis.
kai\ krhpidai=on de\ me/ros oi)kodomh/matos, *lusi/ou
ei)po/ntos e)n tw=| peri\ tou= tu/pou
(
sme/nou kai\ tou= krhpidai/ou." e)k d' au)tw=n a)\n ei)/h kai\ liqo/strwton
e)/dafos kai\ liqolo/ghma kai\ leliqwme/non.
kai\ kio/krana ai( kefalai\
tw=n kio/nwn, kai\ stuloba/ths h( tou= *dwrikou= ki/onos ba/sis, spei=ra
de\ h( tou= *)iwnikou=.
me/rh de\ oi)kodomhma/twn toi=xoi: *(uperei/dhs
(do/moi, pte/ruges,
fa/rsh.
stuloba/thn d' e)n th=| oi)ki/a| *pla/twn o( kwmiko\s ei)/rhken e)n
*(eortai=s
(
(kai\ kigkli/des de\ ei)/dh qurw=n.
ta\ de\ th=s qu/ras cu/la
te/ttara w)no/mazon, kai\ to\ e)nto\s tw=n qurw=n gene/sqai e)nto\s tw=n
tetta/rwn.
ta\ de\ u(pe/rqura u(perto/naia.
*krati=nos d' e)n *dionusalec
a/ndrw|
(
parasta/das kai\ pro/qura bou/lei poiki/la.
pasta/das de\ *cenofw=n
(
kai\
*le/sbion de\ kai\ e)kfatnw/ma de\ kai\ ku=ma me/rh e)/rgwn e)n *ai)sxu/lou
*qalamopoioi=s
(
a)ll' o( me/n tis *le/sbion fatnw/mati
ku=m' e)n trigw/nois e)kperaine/tw r(uqmoi=s.
ta/xa de\ kai\ oi( qalamopoioi\ ei)=dos te/xnhs.
kai\ stega/smata me\n dh\
o)rofh=s *(hro/dotos
(
(z
li/ous de\ li/qous au)tou\s w)no/mazon.
kath=liy h( meso/dmh.
ka/pnhn
de\ kai\ kapnodo/khn *eu)/polis to\ me\n ei)/rhken e)n *ba/ptais
(
to\ de\ e)n *dh/mois
(le/gein d' e)/sti kai\ kata/geia oi)kh/mata
kai\ u(po/geia.
e)/ni d' ei)pei=n li/qon sklhro\n kai\ li/qon pw/rinon: u(=lai
ga\r oi)kodomhma/twn li/qoi, xa/likes, pli/nqoi, cu/la, gu/yos, ke/ramos
stegasth/r, e)re/yima cu/la, a(\ *qoukudi/dhs
(
phlo/s, a)/sbestos, ti/tanos, a)/sfaltos.
kai\ toi=s me\n xutoi=s xrh\ ta\
oi)kodomh/mata sundei=n kolla=n, suna/ptein, sunarmo/ttein sumphgnu/nai,
sumba/llein, tita/nw| de\ xri/ein, e)palei/fein katalei/fein e)calei/fein,
a)polampru/nein, faidru/nein a)pofaidru/nein, e)pileai/nein, e)pi
leptu/nein.
kai\ konia/mata d' a)\n ei)/pois, kai\ to\ r(h=ma konia=n, kai\
to\n tou=to drw=nta koniath/n: *)/amfidos de\ kai\ dra=ma *koniath/s
(
p 242 koe)/rgon de\ tou= oi)kodo/mou kai\ to\ u(perw=|a e)gei=rai, w(s
*(uperei/dhs
(
nhs ga\r e)n *gh/rai
(
e)k tou= peridro/mou sta=sa th=s sunoiki/as.
e)rgalei=a d' au)tou= su\n toi=s culourgikoi=s sidh/ria liqourga/, sidh/ria
liqourgika/, tu/koi, a)f' w(=n kai\ to\ tuki/zein, u(pagwgeu/s, w(=| pare/ceon,
pe/lekus, sta/qmh, molu/bdaina, kanw/n, diabh/ths: to\ ga\r moxli/on toi
xwru/xwn e)sti\ sidh/rion.
i)kriopoioi\ d' ei)si\n oi( phgnu/ntes ta\ peri\ th\n
a)gora\n i)kri/a.
*kai\ mh\n kai\ grafikh\ te/xnh mi/a tw=n e)n ko/smw| texnw=n.
o( de\
texni/ths grafeu\s grafiko/s, kai\ to\ e)/rgon gra/fein, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma
grafikw=s.
a)lla\ kai\ zwgrafi/a kai\ zwgra/fos kai\ zwgrafei=n kai\ zw=|a
poiei=n: e)rei=s de\ th\n te/xnhn mimhtikh\n zw/|wn, poihtikh/n, o(moiwtikh/n,
kai\ to\n a)/ndra mimhth/n_o(moiwth\s ga\r sklhro/n_, to\ de\ pra=gma
mi/mhsin mi/mhma, poi/hsin, o(moi/wsin, grafh/n, kai\ gra/yai, poih=sai, mi
mh/sasqai, o(moiw=sai.
kai\ mh\n kai\ ei)ko/na ei)/pois a)\n to\ pra=gma kai\
ei)kasi/an kai\ ei)/kasma, kai\ to\n a)/ndra ei)kastiko/n, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma ei)
kastikw=s, kai\ to\ r(h=ma ei)ka/sai.
e)/cesti de\ kai\ skiagrafi/an ei)pei=n to\
pra=gma, kai\ to\n a)/ndra skiagra/fon kai\ skiagrafiko/n, kai\ to\ e)pi/rrhma
skiagrafikw=s, kai\ to\ r(h=ma skiagrafei=n.
ta\ de\ me/rh th=s te/xnhs
u(potu/pwsis u(pografh/ skiagrafh/, kai\ to\ e)rgalei=on grafi\s h)\ u(po
grafi/s, kai\ ai( u(=lai pi/nakes kai\ pina/kia w(s *)isokra/ths
(
xrw/mata, fa/rmaka, a)/nqh.
khro\n th/casqai mi/casqai xe/asqai, xrw/
mata kera/sai kera/sasqai mi/cai summi/casqai sugxe/ai sugxe/asqai,
grammh\n e(lku/sai, skia\n u(potupw/sasqai, skia\n perigra/yasqai
perigra/yai, skia\n u(pobale/sqai, skia\n perienegkei=n, skia\n u(per
enegkei=n, xrw=sai e)pixrw=sai a)poxrw=sai, a)/nqesi faidru=nai, xra=nai
e)pixra=nai a)poxra=nai.
e)f' ou(= de\ oi( pi/nakes e)rei/dontai o(/tan gra/
fwntai, cu/lon e)sti\ triskele/s, kai\ kalei=tai o)kri/bas te kai\ killi/bas.
ta\ de\ xrw/mata a)ndrei/kelon, o)/streon, pra/sinon, krokoeide/s, kuanou=n,
kinna/bari, canqo/n, faio/n, flogo/leukon, leuko/faion, leuko/n, me/lan,
melambafe/s.
*)/eti toi/nun oi( e)c a)gora=s h)\ e)k lime/nos komi/zontes a)xqofo/roi,
a)mforeafo/roi, kai\ ta\ r(h/mata a)xqoforei=n kai\ a)mforeaforei=n, u(dro
fo/roi, culofo/roi, skeuofo/roi, u(lhfo/roi kai\ u(lhforei=n, plinqofo/roi
kai\ plinqoforei=n, phlofo/roi kai\ phloforei=n, culhgoi/, a)f' w(=n
kai\ to\ culhgw=n ei)/rhke *dhmosqe/nhs
(fruganofo/roi:
to\ de\ o)/noma e)n th=| *lusi/ou pro\s *meta/neiran e)pistolh=|
(
kai\ culofori/an de\ e)/fh *lusi/as
(
to\ de\ su/mpan ei)pei=n,
misqwtoi/, kai\ w(s *fru/nixos
(
e)/cesti d' e)p' au)tw=n kataxrh/sasqai kai\ tw=| forthgoi/, e)pei\ kai\ ta\
komizo/mena u(p' au)tw=n ei)/pois a)\n forti/a forh/mata a)/xqh.
tw=| me/ntoi
forthgw=| e)pi\ tw=n ta\ forti/a a)go/ntwn e)mpo/rwn ke/xrhtai *ai)sxu/los
e)n *fruci\n h)\ *lu/trois
(
a)lla\ nauba/thn
forthgo/n, o(/stis r(w=pon e)ca/gei xqono/s.
fo/rtakas me/ntoi h( palaia\ kwmw|di/a
(
forou=ntas e)k tou= e)mpori/ou kalei=.
to\ de\ cu/lon e)f' ou(= ta\ skeu/h
kathrthme/na e)/feron, skeuofo/rion u(po\ *pla/twnos e)n *dii\ kakoume/nw|
(ei) de\ kai\ prouni/kous tou\s misqwtou\s oi(
ne/oi kwmw|dodida/skaloi w)no/mazon
(
zanti/wn h)=n, o(/qen kai\ *buzanti/ous au)tou\s a)peka/loun.
oi( de\ *kolwni/tas,
w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
lei=to, ou(= *sofoklh=s me/mnhtai w(s *oi)di/podos ei)s au)to\n katafugo/ntos,
o( d' h)=n e)n a)gora=| para\ to\ *eu)rusa/keion, ou(= sunh/|esan oi( misqarnou=n
tes: o(/qen kai\ tou=t' e)/stin ei)rhme/non,
o)/y' h)=lqes, a)ll' e)s to\n *kolwno\n i(/eso.
tu/lh d' e)kalei=to h( e)pi\ toi=s traxh/lois au)tw=n u(po\ tw=n a)xqw=n gino
me/nh tribh/.
to\ de\ e)/rgon au)tw=n fora/, kai\ o( misqo\s ko/mistron: ei)/poi
d' a)/n tis au)to\n kai\ fe/rtron kai\ forei=on.
*)aristofa/nhs d' e)n toi=s
*(/hrwsi
(
fora/n, o(/tan ei)/ph|
o)bolw=n deousw=n tetta/rwn kai\ th=s fora=s.
tou/tw| d' a)\n e)oi/koi kai\ to\ e)n toi=s *fi/lois *eu)po/lidos
(
ti/ misqoi=; poi=; po/sh tis h( fora/;
ta/xa d' a)\n kai\ koprofo/roi ei)=en e)k tou/twn, kai\ kopragwgoi/: *)ari
stofa/nhs
(
(
`222 kokai\
koprolo/goi d' a)\n ou(=toi le/gointo, kai\ ta\ sullego/mena u(p' au)tw=n
ko/pria kai\ ko/pros, w(=n a)po\ me\n th=s ko/prou oi( koprw=nes, a)po\ de\
tw=n kopri/wn para\ toi=s plei/stois oi( bolew=nes.
*stra/ttis e)n tw=| *fi
lokth/th| fhsi\n
(
ou)d' e)n kopri/a| qhsauro\n e)kbeblhme/non.
e)k de\ tw=n fero/ntwn kai\ skatofo/roi.
*ai( me\n kunhgetikai\ tw=n texnw=n pro\s tai=s ei)rhme/nais, oi( me\n
drw=ntes qhreutai/, kunhge/tai, kai\ to\ r(h=ma kunhgetei=n kai\ to\
qhra=n, w(/sper o)rniqeutai\ kai\ o)rniqoqh=rai, to\ de\ r(h=ma o)rniqo
qhra=n *thleklei/dhs ei)/rhken e)n *pruta/nesin:
(
eu)xroei=n, o)rniqoqhra=n, swfronei=n.
kunhgei=sqai, i)ceu/esqai, ta/xa d' a)\n tou/tois prosh/koien kai\ oi( a)lek
truonotro/foi, ou(\s w)no/masen e)n *)acio/xw| *ai)sxi/nhs
(
*fru/nixos me\n ga\r e)n *kro/nw|
(
ei)/rhken, w(/ste kai\ a)lektruopwlei=n a)\n ei)/pois.
i)/sws de\ kai\ o)rtugo
tro/fon: o( ga\r o)rtugoko/pos e)sti\n e)n xrh/sei, kai\ o)rtugopw/lhs.
kai\
stufoko/mpous d' au)tou\s oi( kwmw|doi\ kalou=sin, w(s to\ e)/kopton tou\s
o)/rtugas.
kai\ to\ e)tru/lizon kai\ to\ a)nekna/dallon tw=n o)rtugokopi
kw=n.
a(liei=s, a)spalieutai/, diktuei=s diktuoulkoi/: kai\ diktuobo/loi de\
ou(=toi kalou=ntai, w(s oi( tw=| po/rkw| xrw/menoi porkei=s.
gripei=s, e(rko
qhreutai/, porfurei=s porfureutai/, spoggoqh=rai: kai\ spoggokolum
bhtai\ de\ *lukou=rgos ei)/rhken e)n tw=| kata\ *menesai/xmou
(
kolumbhtai\ u(/fudroi, kolumbhtai\ duo/menoi: o( ga\r du/ths eu)tele/s,
ei)/rhke d' au)to\ *(hro/dotos
(nei=n d' e)c
u(pti/as ma/qhma kolumbhtw=n ei)/rhken *)aristofa/nhs
(
twn
(r(hte/on toi/nun nei=n dianei=n,
paranei=n kai\ parane/ontes, nh/xesqai paranh/xesqai dianh/xesqai,
diakolumba=n katakolumba=n, e)pikumati/zein, e)pipola/zein tw=| u(/dati, e)pi
nh/xesqai e)pife/resqai, kolumba=n, a)f' ou(= kai\ kolumbh/qran o( *pla/twn
(
plhgh=|, ka/maki, puri/ais.
ai( te/xnai au)tw=n qhreutikh\ qh/ra, kunh
getikh/, o)rniqeutikh/ o)rniqei/a, i)ceutikh/, a(lieutikh/ a(liei/a, a)spa
lieutikh/, a)gkistrei/a a)gkistreutikh/ diktuoqhreutikh/ a)mfiblhstreu
tikh/ e(rkoqhreutikh/ kolumbhtikh/ dutikh/, triodonti/a, plhktikh/, por
fureutikh/, spoggoqhrikh/, purieutikh/.
kubernh=tai de\ kai\ prwra=tai
kai\ nau=tai: oi(=s prosh/kousi kai\ ai( par' *)aristofa/nei
(
triai, kai\ pa/nq' o(/sa e)k new=n u(phretika\ ei)/dh texnw=n fqa/nei pro
eirh=sqai.
di/opos de\ o( e)po/pths th=s new/s: *)aristofa/nhs de\ e)n *lh
mni/ais
(
pro\s de\ tou/tois e)/ti gewrgoi/, futourgoi/, a)mpelourgoi/, khp
ouroi/ khpei=s, a)lsoko/moi, e)laioko/moi, qriastai/, sukwroi/.
gewrgi/a
gewrgikh/, futei/a futeutikh/ futourgi/a futourgikh/, a)mpelour
gi/a, khpouri/a, a)lsokomi/a a)lsopoii/a a)lsokomikh/, e)laiopoii/a e)laio
komi/a e)laiokomikh/.
kai\ ta\ e)/rga gewrgh/mata, futeu/mata, futourgh/
mata a)mpelourgi/a a)mpelourgh/mata, khpeu/mata kh=poi, para/deisoi,
a)/lsh.
kai\ gewrgikoi/, futourgikoi/, a)mpelourgikoi/, khpourikoi/, a)lso
komikoi/.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata gewrgikw=s, futourgikw=s, a)mpelour
gikw=s, khpourikw=s, a)lsokomikw=s.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata gewrgh=sai, fut
ourgh=sai, a)mpelourgei=n kai\ a)mpelostatei=n, khpourei=n, a)lsokomei=n,
e)laiokomei=n: kai\ bwlokopei=n de\ *)aristofa/nhs
(ta\ de\
e)n me/rei tou/twn proei/rhtai.
kai\ e)/riqoi de\ kai\ trugh/triai kai\
kalamhtri/des kai\ poa/striai kai\ frugani/striai ei)=en a)\n e)k tou/twn,
kai\ poa/zein kai\ frugani/zein.
*mhdikh\n de\ po/an e)/legon xo/rtou ti
ei)=dos.
o( de\ xo/rtos kai\ xilo\s kai\ bota/nh kai\ kra/stis, a)f' ou(= kai\
to\ a)ggei=on o(\ e)pi\ th=s fa/tnhs kath/rtwn e)pi\ tw=| xo/rtw| krasth/rion
w)no/mazon.
"sti/xon de\ de/ndrwn" le/gei *cenofw=n
(
e)pergasi/an
("kalamw/
menon" de\ *krati=nos
(tw=n de\ toi=s khpouroi=s
u(phretou/ntwn e)sti\ kai\ to\ khlw/neion: ou) mo/non ga\r *(hro/dotos
(
w(/st' a)naku/ptwn kai\ kataku/ptwn tou= sxh/matos ei(/neka tou=de
khlwnei/ou toi=s khpouroi=s.
kai\ sukwroi\ de\ oi( ta\ su=ka fula/ttontes kaloi=nt' a)/n, kai\ to\ e)/rgon
sukwrei=n.
kai\ e)rina/zein me\n to\ ta\ e)rina\ a)fairou=ntas ei)s qu/laka
katati/qesqai_e)rina\ ga\r ta\ tou= e)rineou= su=ka_suka/zein de\ to\
ta\ th=s sukh=s, kai\ qria/zein to\ fullologei=n th\n sukh=n.
ta\ de\
zw=|a ta\ e)n toi=s su/kois yh=nes kai\ kni=pes, *)aristofa/nous ei)po/ntos
(
kni=pes kai\ yh=nes ta\s suka=s ou) kate/dontai.
trasia\ de\ ou) mo/non to\ a)/qroisma tw=n su/kwn, a)lla\ kai\ to\ e)k kala/mou
ple/gma, e)f' ou(= yu/xetai.
pollw=n de\ proeirhme/nwn gewrgikw=n kai\ ta/de r(hte/on, o(/ti ke
dri/des me\n o( th=s ke/drou karpo/s, memai/kula de\ o( th=s koma/rou.
kai\
meto/rxion me\n kalei=tai to\ metacu\ tw=n pefuteume/nwn, w(=n o( sti/xos
o)/rxos o)noma/zetai, sfu=ra de\ to\ metacu\ tw=n a)rhrome/nwn a)ne/xon,
kai\ u(posfuri/sasqai oi( poihtai\ to\ u(paro/sai le/gousin.
o(moi/ws de\ th=s
a)mpe/lou to\ a)po\ gh=s e(/ws th=s e)kfu/sews tw=n klhma/twn kalei=tai
...
tw=n de/ndrwn ai( parafu/seis, a(\s ei)/pois a)\n kai\ a)poblasth/mata
kata\ *pla/twna
(
kalou=ntai, kai\ moleu/ein to\ tau/tas ko/ptein, w(s to\ ta\ pre/mna premni/
zein: e)n gou=n tw=| *)attikw=| no/mw| tw=| peri\ tw=n koinwnikw=n ge/graptai
"mh\ a)nqrakeu/ein mhde\ moleu/ein mhde\ premni/zein." to\ me/ntoi dre/
pesqai to\n th=s e)lai/as karpo\n e)laiou=n e)/legon, kai\ tou\s tou=to
poiou=ntas e)lai+sth=ras, kai\ ta\s r(a/bdous ai(=s katara/ssousi to\n karpo\n
r(aktri/as.
to\ de\ a)natre/fein ta\ futa\ mosxeu/ein a)\n le/goito.
kai\
custa\s me\n kai\ sta/sis h( a)mpelo/futos gh=, ei) mh\ kata\ stoi=xon ei)/h
pefuteume/nh, stoixa\s de\ h( kata\ stoi=xon, h( de\ a)/llws dasei=a de/n
drois ou)x h(me/rois o(rka/nh.
ei) de/ tis kau/seie th\n u(/lhn, to\ xwri/on
dia\ to\ e)/rgon r(wxmou\s e)rei=s.
w(s de\ o( th=s a)mpe/lou kla/dos klh=ma
kai\ o( th=s e)lai/as qallo/s, ou(/tw kai\ o( tou= foi/nikos spa/dic.
e)pei\
de\ toi=s gewrgikoi=s prose/qemen kai\ ta\ melittourgika/, i)ste/on w(s ai(
o)pai\ kai\ ai( katadu/seis tw=n melittw=n kalou=ntai ku/ttaroi, oi( de\
e)n au)toi=s skw/lhkes h)\ sxado/nes h)\ nu/mfai, e)peida\n h)/dh pterofuw=
sin.
ou(\s de\ skapth=ras kalei= *cenofw=n
(?
), ou(=toi/ ei)sin oi( ska
panei=s.
skafe/as d' au)tou\s *)/arxippos kalei=
(
skafeu=si khpwroi=si toi=s t' o)nhla/tais,
kai\ tai=s gunaici\ prose/ti tai=s poastri/ais.
th\n de\ sminu/hn *)aristofa/nhs
(
tw=n de\ ska
pane/wn e)rgalei=o/n e)stin h( skapa/nh.
kai\ to\ me\n karpou=sqai
ka/rpwsin le/gei *cenofw=n
(
de\ to\ karpou=sqai kai\ karpi/sasqai *(uperei/dhs e)n tw=| pro\s *lusi/dh
mon
(kai\ to\ r(h=ma karpeu/ein: le/gei gou=n e)n tw=|
pro\s *qasi/ous "eu)qu\s de\ karpeu/ein a)gaqh\n kai\ plei/sthn xw/ran."
ta\ de\ karpei=a e)n tw=| *ghruta/dh| *)aristofa/nhs
(
eu)karpei=n e)n *taghnistai=s
(to\ me/ntoi r(i
zou=sqai to\n si=ton sugkarkinou=sqai e)/legon, o(/qen kai\ *ferekra/ths e)n
toi=s *au)tomo/lois
(
to\ de\ a)mh=sai kai\ qeri/sai: kai\ to\ pra=gma ou) mo/non qe/ros a)lla\ kai\
qerismo\n *ai)sxi/nhs ei)/rhken o( *swkratiko/s
(
fa/nhs de\ kai\ gunai=ka qeri/strian
(
(to\ me/ntoi th=s *pramni/as a)mpe/lou klh=ma pra/mnhma ka
lei=tai.
kai\ to\ me\n cu/lon e)n w(=| tou)/laion pie/zetai o)/ros, to\ de\
sxoini/on w(=| ta\ cu/la katadei=tai topei=on.
o( de\ krath\r ei)s o(\n a)porrei=
tou= e)lai/ou to\ piezo/menon tripth/r, e)n w(=| de\ ta\s stafula\s ba/llou
sin oi( trugw=ntes stafulobolei=on: o(moi/ws de\ w(=| e)mpatou=ntai lhno/s.
ta\ de\ o)no/mata tau=t' e)sti\n e)n tw=| *)isai/ou pro\s *diokle/a u(/brews
(o( me/ntoi ta\s ma/ndras kaqai/rwn, ei)/te a)nh\r ou(=tos
ei)/h ei)/te gunh/, shkoko/ros le/getai.
to\ d' e)k tw=n stemfu/lwn piesqe/n
twn a)porreu=san trughfa/nion.
e)pi/mortos de\ gh= para\ *so/lwni h( e)pi\
me/rei gewrgoume/nh, kai\ morth\ to\ me/ros to\ a)po\ tw=n gewrgw=n:
to\ d' e)pi\ teta/rtw| me/rei ne/mesqai tetraxi/zein.
oi( de\ kalou/menoi
nu=n tw=n a)mpe/lwn e)pi/tragoi quma/lwpes e)le/gonto.
kai\ o( me\n pro\
w(/ras pepaino/menos karpo\s prw=|mos e)n *lhmni/ais *)aristofa/nous
(
su=ka de\ tw=n difo/rwn e)n *krapataloi=s *ferekra/ths
(
ta\ de\ futeuth/ria tw=n sukw=n suki/das *)aristofa/nhs e)n tai=s *lhm
ni/ais
(
*poihtikai\ de\ te/xnai kai\ ai(/de.
au)lopoio/s, glwttopoio/s, au)lo
tru/phs, au)lopoii/a glwttopoii/a, glwttopoihtikw=s au)lopoihtikw=s
au)lotruphtikw=s.
kai\ to\ me\n a)ggei=on to\ ta\s glw/ttas e)/xon glwt
tokomei=on, h( de\ tw=n au)lw=n qh/kh subh/nh.
pa/lin d' au)= luropoio/s
luropoii/a, luropoihtikh/ luropoihtiko/s luropoihtikw=s: *)aristo
fa/nhs d' e)n *daitaleu=si
(plhktro
poio/s plhktropoii/a, plhktropoiikh/ plhktropoiiko/s plhktropoiikw=s.
xordopoio/s xordopoii/a, xordopoiiko/s, xordopoiikw=s, kai\ a)p' au)tw=n
xordopw/lhs, w(s *kriti/as le/gei
(neurorra/fos
neurorrafiko/s, kai\ a)p' au)tou= neurosta/tai.
o(plopoio/s o(plopoii/a,
kai\ a)p' au)tou= o(/pla, o(/plisis, o(pli/ths, o(pli/zesqai, e)coplisi/a, o(plo
maxi/a, o(plofo/ros, o(ploqh/kh, o( e)pi\ tw=n o(/plwn strathgo/s
(
tura)spidophgo/s a)spidoph/gion: *lusi/a| de\ kai\ lo/gos u(pe\r tou=
a)spidopoiou=: kai\ a)p' au)tou= a)spi/s, a)spidhfo/ros, u(paspisth/s sun
aspisth/s, u(p' a)spi/da, sunaspi/zein proaspi/zein u(peraspi/zein, mikra/
spida.
kranopoio/s kranopoii/a, kranourgo/s kranourgi/a, kra/nos.
qwrakopoii/a qwrakopoio/s, qw/rac, qwrakofo/ros, teqwrakisme/nos,
h(miqwra/kia.
maxairopoio/s, maxairopwlei=on maxairopw/lhs, ma/xaira,
maxairofo/roi, maxairi/des.
tocopoio/s tocopoii/a, to/con, toco/ths, to
cofo/ros, to/carxos, i(ppotoco/ths, toceu=sai e)ktoceu=sai, toceu/mata.
belopoio/s belopoii/a, be/los, blh=ma, ba/llei.
dorucou=s, do/ru o(losi/
dhron_kalei=tai de\ gaiso/s, kai\ e)/sti *libuko/n_dorufo/ros doru
fori/a, dourodo/kh, dorua/lwtos, doru/lhptos.
*)aristofa/nhs d' e)n
*skhna\s katalambanou/sais e)/fh
(
kai\ tw=n platulo/gxwn diboli/an a)konti/wn.
kai\ lofopwlei=n de\ o( au)to\s
(
to\ th=s a)spi/dos
(h( de\
tou= kra/nous qh/kh lofei=on kalei=tai, w(s h( tou= ci/fous a)kmh\ knw/
dwn.
o( d' e)n tw=| to/cw| desmo\s poda/knh, w(/sper o( kri/kos o( pro\s
th=| e)pidorati/di po/rkhs.
me/swra de\ o(/pla ta\ kai\ toi=s paisi\n a(rmo/
sai duna/mena.
ei)/rhtai de\ kai\ cifoma/xaira h( mega/lh ma/xaira e)n
*qeopo/mpou *kaph/lisin
(
e)lefantokw/pous cifomaxai/ras kai\ do/rh:
e)/nioi ga\r ou(/tws ei)rh=sqai ta\ do/rata fasi/n.
be/lous d' ai( a)ki/des
o)/gkoi kai\ pw/gwnes kalou=ntai.
stefa/nh de\ ei)=dos a)\n ei)/h perikefa
lai/as, w(/sper kai\ ke/rws.
ta\ de\ polla\ tou/twn e)n toi=s peri\ tw=n
stratiwtikw=n, e)n oi(=s kai\ ta\ sunw/numa tou/twn kai\ ta\ me/rh tw=n o(/plwn
u(podedhlw/kamen, h)/dh proei/rhtai.
i)/wmen dh\ pa/lin e)pi\ ta\s ei)rhnikwte/ras tw=n texnw=n.
e)cwmido
poio/s e)cwmidopoii/a e)cwmi/s xlamudourgi/a xlamudopoii/a xlamu
dourgo/s.
xlanidopoii/a xlanidourgi/a xlanidourgo/s, xlani/des
xlani/skia, xlanidopoio/s klinopoiikh/ klinopoio/s klinopoiiko/s,
klinoph/gion, kli/nh klini/dion klinth/rion, klinh/rhs klinopeth/s, kata
kliqh=nai: kli/nhn de\ para/pucon *krati=nos ei)=pen e)n *dionusaleca/ndrw|
(kai\ kibwto\s kai\ kibwtopoio/s, w(s *dei/narxos
(
koi/th koitw/n koiti/s.
o( d' au)to\s *dei/narxos
(
ei)/rhke kai\ kwqwnopoio/n.
soropoio/s, sorophgo/s soroph/gion, soro/s:
kaloi=to d' a)\n au(/th kai\ pu/elos kai\ kibwto\s kai\ lhno/s.
sxoiniosum
boleu/s, sxoiniostro/fos kai\ i(moniostro/fos, sxoini/on, sxoi=nos o(lo/
sxoinos, parasxoi/nisma: to\ de\ sxoini/on kai\ ka/lws kai\ kalw/|dion.
koskinopoio/s, ko/skinon, i(stiorra/fos, i(sti/on, plhsi/stios.
kerameu/s,
kera/mion, keramei/a h( te/xnh kai\ kerameutikh/, ke/ramos.
kai\ kerami/des,
ou) mo/non ke/ramos, ai( e)pi\ tou= te/gous: *qoukudi/dhs
(
le/gei.
kerameu/ein.
kera/mion oi)nhro\n *(hro/dotos
(
(keramo
pw=lai, keramopwlei=on, keramopwli/a w(s *dei/narxos
(
kai\ to\ r(h=ma keramopwlei=n *)/alecis
(kai\ kerami\s
gh= h( kerami=tis kai\ keramikh/.
ke/ramos de\ pa=sa h( tw=n kerameikw=n
a)ggei/wn u(/lh.
kai\ au)to\ de\ to\ te/gos ou) mo/non oi( nu=n ke/ramon o)no
ma/zousin, a)lla\ kai\ *)aristofa/nhs a)\n e)oi/koi kalei=n, ei)pw\n e)n *kw
ka/lw|
(
kofi/nous de\ li/qwn e)ke/leues
h(ma=s e)pi\ to\n ke/ramon.
a)ggei=a kera/mea kai\ gh/ina, kai\ ta\ ei)/dh kera/mia, pi/qoi piqa/knai,
a)mforei=s, bi/koi, kw/qwnes, stamni/a sta/mnoi stamni/skoi, o(/qen ei)/rhtai
e)n th=| me/sh| kwmw|di/a|
(
oi)=non to\ katera=n.
lepra=n de\ kera/mion o)chro/n, a)nti\ tou= muda=n,
*)aristofa/nhs
(pi/nakes kera/meoi, tru/blia, xu/trai:
xu/tras de\ kai\ ta\ xutropwlei=a e)ka/loun, w(s xu/tria ta\ tw=n xutrw=n
o)/straka.
pli/nqoi, plinqourgo/s, plinqoulko/s plinqoulkei=n, plin
qeu/ein, plinqoforei=n: plinqeutai\ d' h)=san oi( ta\s pli/nqous pla/t
tontes.
xutropla/qos, koropla/qos: tw=n de\ koropla/qwn i)/dion to\
ta\ xoloba/fina ba/ptein, ta\ xrusoeidh=.
i)pnopla/qoi.
paroimi/a e)n
pi/qw| th\n keramei/an manqa/nein.
a)po\ de\ tw=n pi/qwn o( piqw/n, *fere
kra/tous ei)po/ntos e)n *peta/lh|
(
a)/kraton." kai\ me/ntoi kai\ *eu)/polis e)n toi=s *dh/mois
(
e)ntau=qa toi/nun h)=n e)kei/noisin piqw/n.
purirragh\s de\ *krati/nou ei)po/ntos e)n *(/wrais
(
moste/on tou)/noma th=| kerameutikh=|, e)pei\ kai\ *)aristofa/nhs e)n toi=s
*)axarneu=sin
(
yofei= la/lon ti kai\ purirrage/s.
peri\ o(\ de\ oi( tou\s phli/nous pla/ttontes to\n phlo\n periqe/ntes pla/t
tousi, tou=to to\ culh/fion ka/nabos kalei=tai, a)naxu/rwton de\ to\n
phlo\n *)aristofa/nhs e)n *)anagu/rw|
(pla/stai, pla/ttein
diapla/ttein, plastikh/.
kai\ khropla/stai khroplastikh/, khro\n
th/kein, a)leai/nein, xei=n, lu/ein, a)nie/nai, o)rga/zein, mala/ttein.
le/getai
de\ kai\ phlo\n o)rga/zein.
koureu/s, kouri/s, kei/rein a)pokei/rein, a)ponuxi/zein.
keropla/sths.
kommwth/s kommw/tria, kommwtikh/, kommou=n kai\ pe/ptein, o(/qen kai\
*(/omhros
(*c
i)de\ xai/tas
pecame/nh xersi\ ploka/mous e)/plece faeinou/s.
pittoko/pos pittokopikh/, pittou=n pittou=sqai, pittokopei=n,
pittokopei=sqai, parati/ltria, parati/llesqai parale/gesqai.
balaneu/s balaneu/tria balanei=a balaneutikh/ balaneu/ein ba
lanei=on.
me/ros de\ balanei/ou e)sxa/ra kai\ a)leipth/rion: fhsi\ gou=n
*)/alecis e)n *kauni/ois
(
e)n tw=| balanei/w| mh/te pu=r tai=s e)sxa/rais
e)no\n kai\ kekleisme/non te ta)leipth/rion.
kai\ ta\ tw=n balanei/wn a)ggei=a a)ru/ballos a)ru/taina: a)/mfw d' *)ari
stofa/nhs
(o( d' au)to\s
(
balanei/ou fhsi/n.
ei)ko/tws d' a)\n balanei/w| prosa/goito kai\ to\ e)n
tai=s *lhmni/ais u(p' au)tou= ei)rhme/non
(
a)ll' a)rti/ws kate/lipon au)th\n smwme/nhn
e)n th=| pue/lw|.
ta/xa d' a)\n kai\ to\ kteni/zesqai e)n tw=| loutrw=|.
prosh/koi d'
a)\n balanei/w| loutro\n kai\ lou=sqai, kai\ loutrw=nes w(s *cenofw=n
(kai\ to\ u(/dwr tou= loutrou= lou/trion, w(s *)aristo
fa/nhs e)n *(/hrwsin
(
mh/t' a)po/niptron qu/raz' e)kxei=te mh\ de\ lou/trion.
h( de\ ne/a kwmw|di/a kai\ louth=ras le/gei.
*ai)sxu/los d' a)\n e)oi/koi ta\
balanei=a louth/ria le/gein
(
lou=tai/ ge me\n dh\ loutro\n ou) to\ deu/teron,
a)ll' e)k megi/stwn eu)marw=s louthri/wn.
*)anaci/las de\ ou(/tws o)noma/zei tou\s nu=n louth=ras, e)n *loutropoiw=|
le/gwn
(
e)n toi=s balanei/ois ou) ti/qetai louth/ria
tw=n de\ e)/ti newte/rwn tis *eu)/polis kai\ th\n pu/elon th\n e)n tw=| ba
lanei/w| ma/ktran w)no/masen, w(s oi( nu=n: le/gei gou=n e)n *diaitw=nti
(
ei)s balanei=on
ei)selqw\n mh\ zhlotuph/sh|s to\n sunembai/nonta/ soi
ei)s th\n ma/ktran.
tw=| de\ lou=sqai kai\ to\ yuxroloutei=n a)\n prosh/koi, ei)rhme/nou tou=
"e)yuxrolouth/samen" e)n *daitaleu=sin
(kai\
paralou=tai d' o( au)to\s e)n *taghnistai=s
(a)lousi/an de\
*eu)/polis e)n *tacia/rxois
(
a)nti\ poiki/lou
pinaro\n e)/xont' a)lousi/a| ka/ra te kai\
tri/bwna.
balanei/w| d' a)\n kai\ h( puri/a e(/poito: ei)/rhke d' *(hro/dotos
(
"puri/a *(ellhnikh/," *fi/listos
(
ria/mata."
bafh/, xrw=sis kata/xrwsis, ba/ptwn kataba/ptwn, xrwnnu/s
kataxrwnnu/s, kalxai/nwn: i)/dion ga\r e)pi\ tw=n xrwnnu/ntwn tou)/
noma.
*eu)/polis
(
fw=n
(le/getai de\ kai\ far
ma/ttein ta\ e)/ria, kai\ mhlou=n, kai\ katamhlou=n to\ tw=| kukh/qrw| kata
du/ein.
kai\ ta\ xrw/mata kai\ ba/mmata kai\ a)/nqh kai\ fa/rmaka, kai\ to\
e)rgasth/rion i(/na tou=to gi/netai farmakw/n, o( de\ kataba/ptwn porfu
roba/fos.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ dolou=n ta\ e)/ria.
*)antifa/nhs de\ e)n *bu
zanti/w|
(
o)ktw\ ku/kloi." proei/rhtai de\ peri\ deusopoiou= bafh=s.
trapezi/ths trapeziteu/w, tra/peza.
a)rguramoibo/s a)rguramoi
bikh/, a)rgurognw/mwn, dokimasth/s, kollubisth/s, w(s *lusi/as e)n tw=|
peri\ xrusou= tri/podos
(kai\ o( nu=n ko/llubos a)llagh/,
kai\ to\ katalla/ttein to\ no/misma, kai\ ta\ ke/rmata de\ kai\ to\
kermati/zein to\ no/misma ei)/rhtai: *)aristofa/nhs
(
ou)d' a)rgu/rion e)/stin kekermatisme/non.
ke/rmata de\ pollw=n plhquntikw=s ei)rhko/twn, ke/rma e(nikw=s *)/amfis
ei)/rhken e)n *)ampelourgw=|
(
klwpi
(nomismatopw/lhs kai\ nomismatopwlikh\
kata\ *pla/twna
(
pilopoio/s pilopoiiko/s, pilopoii/a pileutikh/, pilhtiko/s
pi=los pi/linos, pi/lhma.
"pilhta\ e)/sesqai kth/mata sw/masin" e)n
*timai/w| *pla/twn
(pilh=sai sumpilh=sai, sumpi/lhsis, pili/on
pili/dion.
ou) mo/non de\ o( e)pi\ th=s kefalh=s e)pitiqe/menos pi=los e)kalei=to,
a)lla\ kai\ o( peri\ toi=s posi/n, w(s dhloi= *krati=nos e)n *malqakoi=s
le/gwn
(
leukou\s u(po\ posi\n e)/xwn pi/lous.
o( de\ *pla/twn e)n *sumposi/w|
(
ti/qhsin: "e)neiligme/nwn tou\s po/das ei)s pi/lous te kai\ a)rnaki/das."
plokeu/s, ple/kwn sumple/kwn, plektikh/ plektiko/s plektikw=s,
ple/gma, plokh/ sumplokh/ periplokh/.
periple/kei diaple/kei a)nti
diaple/kei.
plo/kion, plo/kanon, peripeplegme/non.
xh/linon de\
a)/ggos, e)/xon puqme/nas %a)ggeoseli/nwn, o(/tan ei)/ph| *)anakre/wn
(
to\ e)k sxoini/wn ple/gma dhloi=.
kai\ r(i=pas de\ ple/kein e)/stin ei)pei=n:
e(/teron ga\r h( r(ipi/s.
a)lla\ kai\ spuri/das ple/kein kai\ formi/das kai\
formi/skia kai\ formi/skous kai\ tala/rous kai\ kalaqi/skous kai\ tar
sou/s, e)/sti de\ kala/minon ple/gma, e)f' ou(= tou\s u(grou\s e)ch/rainon
turou/s.
to\ d' e)pi\ th=| yu/cei tw=n su/kwn ple/gma trasia/.
ei)/pois d'
a)\n ple/kein kofi/nous, swra/kous, a)rri/xous, ferni/a, la/rkous, formou/s,
spuri/das spuri/dia spuri/xnia, tarpou/s ta/rpas, suri/skous.
qoli/a d' e)kalei=to ple/gma ti qoloeide/s, w(=| a)nti\ skiadi/ou e)xrw=nto ai(
gunai=kes.
kai\ to\ skia/dion d' e)sti\n e)n xrh/sei, kai\ skiadofo/roi
kai\ e)skiadofo/rei, kai\ skia/s, u(f' h(=| o( *dio/nusos ka/qhtai, kai\ ski/ra
e(orth/.
plo/kamos plokami/s, plekta/nh.
kai\ puti/nas ple/kein kai\ tala/
rous kai\ turokomei=a: ou(/tw d' a)\n kaloi/hs to\n ta/laron w(=| o( xlwro\s
turo\s e)mph/gnutai, w(/sper to\ cu/lon to\ e(kate/rwqen fe/ron touti\ to\
ple/gma turoforei=on.
to\ de\ ta)=lla skeu/h fe/ron ou) mo/non skeuo
fo/rion
(
fa/nous
(
et fg 227oi)suoplo/kos de\ o( ta\s oi)su/as ple/kwn: oi)su/ai de\ ai(
lu/goi, kai\ oi)su/ina skeu/h kai\ oi)su/inai a)spi/des.
to\n de\ oi)suoplo/kon
oi)suourgo\n kalei= *eu)/polis
(ka/nnai de\ to\ e)k kanna/bwn
ple/gma: r(i=pe/s tine/s ei)sin e)n *)aristofa/nous *sfhci/n
(
ou) mh/ pote/ sou peri\ ta\s ka/nnas ou)rh/sw.
kai\ to\ kanou=n de\ ple/gma ti, kai\ to\ kani/skion: e)n ga\r tw=| *ghruta/dh|
fhsi\n *)aristofa/nhs
(
ple/kein e)/legon: o( de\ gu/rgaqos w)no/mastai e)n toi=s *)aristofa/nous
*daitaleu=sin
(
mureyo/s: *kriti/as
(
muropoio/s: ou(/tw de\ *)anakre/wn
(
muropw/lhs: muropwlei=n
de\ *)aristofa/nhs
(muropw/lion, mu/rou a)la/bastron,
muri/da murhra\ lh/kuqos, a)labastroqh=kai: kai\ to\n ta\s a)laba/
strous fe/ronta *ai)sxu/los
(mu/rw|
xri/sasqai, mu/rou o)/zein, muri/smata muri/sai, murw/sasqai murw/mata,
muraloifei=n muraloifou=sai muraloifi/a.
spaqi/da de\ th\n kaqieme/nhn
ei)s to\ mu/ron *)aristofa/nhs ei)/rhken e)n *daitaleu=sin
(
luxnopoio/s luxnopw/lhs, lu/xnos luxnou=xos, lu/xnion e)llu/x
nion, luxnokautei=n, luxnokai/+a par' *(hrodo/tw|
(kai\ to\
katasbe/sai to\n lu/xnon, o(/per oi( nu=n, koimh=sai kai\ katakoimi/sai
*fru/nixos ei)/rhken e)n *monotro/pw|
(
e)/peit' e)peida\n to\n lu/xnon katakoimi/sh|.
*eu)ripi/dhs d' e)n *)inoi=
(
koi/lois e)n a)/ntrois a)/luxnos, w(/ste qh/r, mo/nos.
stleggidopoio/s, stleggi/s, a)postleggi/sasqai, a)pestleggi
sme/nos.
e)/sti de\ kai\ e(/tero/n ti stleggi/s, de/rma kexruswme/non, o(\
peri\ th=| kefalh=| forou=sin.
daktulioglu/fos: daktuliourgo\n
au)to\n ei)/rhke *ferekra/ths
(to\ de\ glu/fein *kra
ti=nos
(daktu/lios dak
tuli/dion: kai\ tou= daktuli/ou to\ me/n ti o( ku/klos, to\ de/, i(/na o( li/qos
e)narmo/zetai, pu/elo/s te kai\ pueli/s, w(s e)/fh *lusi/as
(
to\n de\ periferh= kai\ a)/liqon daktu/lion a)/peiron kalou=sin.
dik
tuoplo/kos diktueu/s, di/ktuon diktu/dia.
kekrufaloplo/kos, w(s
*kriti/as
(kar
dopoglu/fos, w(s *kra/ths ei)/rhken e)n *gei/tosin
(
nandros
(farmako
tri/bas de\ ei)=pe *dhmosqe/nhs
(o)rxhstodida/skalos, o)rxh
sth/s o)rxhstri/s, o)/rxhsis, o)rxh/mata u(porxh/mata.
mulwqro/s, mu/
lwn mu/lh, e)pimu/lios w)|dh/, kai\ promulai/a qeo\s kai\ eu)/nostos.
kai\
zw=|on to\ e)/ndon trefo/menon mulakri\s kai\ mulabri/s: oi( de\ mulakri/da
th\n a)lou=san gunai=ka e)/legon.
stre/fein th\n mu/lhn, peria/gein peri
fe/rein perielau/nein, a)lei=n tou\s purou\s e)pitri/bein, leai/nein, e)rei/
kein katerei/kein: *)aristofa/nhs ga\r e)n me\n tw=| *)amfia/rew|
(
fhsi\n
e)/peit' e)/reicen w(s e)pibalou=s' o(mou= pi/sois,
e)n de\ toi=s *sfhci\
(
kai\ kodomh\ kai\ kodomeu/ein kai\ kodomei=on, kai\ fru/ttein kai\
fru/gein kai\ fru/getron kai\ fru/cai kai\ frugeu=sai.
a)ggei=on de\ w(=|
e)ne/frugon o( frugeu/s: *qeo/pompos gou=n e)n *seirh=si
(
"frugeu/s" fhsi "qui/+a lh/kuqos." o( de\ frugeu\s kai\ sei/swn kalei=tai:
o)nomaste/on de\ kai\ to\n a)/ndra to\n fru/ttonta fruge/a.
sparto
plo/kos spartopw/lhs, spa/rth spa/rtos.
sparti/nh h( mh/rinqos.
qronopoio/s, difropoio/s, qro/nos di/fros, e(/dra, qa=kos, qrh=nus qra
ni/on, skolu/qrion.
lhkuqopoio/s lhkuqopw/lhs, lh/kuqos lhku/
qion, lhkuqi/zein.
e)n me/ntoi toi=s a)/llois texni/tais o( *pla/twn e)n tw=| deute/rw| th=s
*politei/as
(
xoreutai/, u(pokritai/, e)rgola/boi." nu=n me\n ou)=n tou\s peri\ th\n skhnh\n
le/gei.
e)rgola/bous de\ kai\ pa/ntas tou\s e)rgolabou=ntas ti e)/rgon
e)/stin ei)pei=n, w(s tou\s e)nanti/ous, tou\s e)kdido/ntas, e)rgodo/tas ei)/rhke
*cenofw=n
(tou\s de\ e)rgola/bous kai\ e)rgolh/ptas
*thleklei/dhs o( kwmiko/s
(oi( me/ntoi r(h/tores to\
e)rgolabei=n e)pi\ tou= e)phrea/zein le/gousin.
tou\s de\ e)festhko/tas th=|
tw=n e)/rgwn e)pimelei/a| oi( me\n *)attikoi\ e)pista/tas e)/rgwn le/gousin,
*)epi/xarmos
(
kolle/yhs kollopw/lhs, ko/lla kolla=n.
krhpidourgo\s w(s
*dei/narxos
(o)reoko/mos o)reokomei=n,
o)rei=s, o)riko\n zeu=gos.
h(ni/oxos, h(ni/a, h(nioxei=n h(nio/xhsis h(nio
xou/menoi.
nomh/ nomei=s, ne/mein katane/mein e)pine/mein.
mhlo/botos gh=,
eu)/botos kai\ eu)/nomos kai\ eu)/xilos, kai\ eu)/xorta pedi/a, w(s oi( poihtai/.
poa/strion de\ to\ nu=n xortoko/pion.
e)pinomi/an de\ *cenofw=n
(
iii 2. 23probatei=s proba
teutai/, probatei/a probateutikh/, pro/bata, probatoka/phlos.
kai\ ai(
proba/twn h(liki/ai: to\n me\n a)po\ gonh=s ei)/pois a)\n mosxi/on, to\n d'
e)/teion a)/rna, ei)=ta a)mno/n, ei)=ta a)rneio/n, o(\s kai\ a)rh\n para\ toi=s
poihtai=s
(poime/nes ai)
po/loi, poi/mnia ai)po/lia, poimai/nein ai)polei=n, poimni=tai ku/nes, ai)po
likoi\ ku/nes.
i(ppoforboi/ i(ppoforbi/a, kai\ w(s *sofoklh=s
(
bouko/loi i(ppoforbei=s bohla/tai e)la/tai bouforboi/, bouka/
phloi, zeughla/tai.
*sofoklh=s
(
latri/s." a)strabhla/tai, kai\ para\ toi=s *dwrieu=sin o)noki/ndioi kai\
killakth=res.
o)/nos, h(mi/onos, a)stra/bh, nwtei=s h(mi/onoi kai\ zu/gioi: kai\
a)gw\n de/ tis h(mio/nwn h)/geto pa/lai e)n *)olumpi/a|, kai\ to\ me\n tw=n
nwte/wn h(mio/nwn a)gw/nisma e)kalei=to ka/lph, to\ de\ tw=n zugi/wn a)ph/nh.
to\ de\ to\n o)/non sa/cai strwmati/sai e)/legon, e)pisa/cai de\ *(hro/
dotos
(
e)pisa/cai.
to\ de\ tou= a)strabhla/tou r(h=ma a)strabeu/ein *pla/twn ei)/
rhken e)n *(eortai=s
(to\ me/ntoi toi=s a)phgoreuko/si
tw=n i(/ppwn e)piballo/menon shmei=on trusi/ppeion e)kalei=to.
*)aristo
fa/nhs de\ kai\ bohlatei=n
(
u(opw=lai u(oforboi/, subw=tai suforboi/ subw/triai, xoiropw=lai, w(s *)ari
stofa/nhs e)n *(/wrais
(kai\ u(/es su/es, xoi=roi xoiri/dia, delfa/kia,
kai\ ta\ o)yi/gona kai\ smikra\ meta/xoira.
sufeo/s u(feo/s sufo/s, xoiro
komei=on: xoirotrofei=on de\ o(/ te sufo\s kai\ ple/gma ti e)n w(=| xoi=roi
tre/fontai.
a)gu/rtai mhnagu/rtai, mhtragu/rtai a)gurtikh/, a)germo/s,
a)gei/rein.
te/ras terasko/poi, teraskopikh/, teratoskoli/a teratosko
pi/a teratologi/a, teratolo/gw| fu/sei
(ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ teratolo/gw|
a)ndri/
), teratogoni/a, terw=n u(pokritai/, a)f' w(=n kai\ to\ terateu/esqai.
ma/nteis, a)lfitoma/nteis, a)stroma/nteis, nuktoma/nteis, sternoma/nteis,
sfonduloma/nteis, a)leuroma/nteis: koskinoma/nteis de\ ei)/rhke *filip
pi/dhs
(
kritai/.
o)rneosko/poi oi)wnistai/, o)rniqosko/poi, oi)wnopo/loi.
qu/tai, filoqu/tai, ma/goi, go/htes, e)chghtai/, kaqartai/, telestai/
a)poma/ktai a)poma/ktriai, kai\ to\ r(h=ma a)poma/comai.
qaumatopoio/s
qaumatopoii/a, qauma/twn dhmiourgoi/.
mhxanopoio/s mhxanopoii/a mhxanh/mata mhxanai/, eu)mh/
xanoi eu)mhxani/a, polumh/xanoi polumhxani/a, a)mh/xanoi a)mhxani/a,
biomh/xanoi w(s *)antifw=n
(tou\s de\ mhxanopoiou\s
(
p 174
mazen.
gelwtopoio\s kai\ gelwtopoiei=n, kai\ gelwtopoiou=n
tes w(s *cenofw=n
(*)ekpwmatopoio\s de\ dra=ma
*)ale/cidos, kai\ *grammateidiopoio\s *)apollodw/rou
(
kubernh=tai, prwra=tai, e)re/tai, nau=tai.
kai\ stroggulonau/tas *)ari
stofa/nhs
(
nauti/das.
porqmei=s porqmi/on.
newlkoi/: ta\ de\ tw=n newlkw=n
cu/la, oi(=s u(poblhqei=sin e)fe/lkontai ai( nh=es, fa/lagges kai\ fala/ggia.
ai( de\ kalou/menai xamoulkoi\ mhxanai\ di' w(=n ei(/lkonto o(lkoi/.
kai\ h( me\n
ou)ke/ti ple/ousa nau=s nenewlkhme/nh, diayuxome/nh, a)neilkusme/nh.
ta\ de\
me/rh tou/twn proei/rhtai
(
nhs ei)/rhken e)n tw=| kat' *)olumpiodw/rou
(kai\ sa/kon me\n
kai\ saki/on h( kwmw|di/a
(
*mi/kas
(
d' e)/fh "linorrafh= tulei=a," *eu)/polis de\ *ko/laci
(
"kekru/faloi/ te kai\ tu/lh," *)antifa/nhs de\ e)n *fa/wni
(
ko
te/xnhs ti ei)=dos: *filulli/w| me\n ga\r dra=ma/ ti o( *frewru/xos
(
ko
i)/sws d' a)\n kai\ bu/rsan gleukagwgo/n tina fai/hs: e)pi/praskon
d' ou(=toi to\ gleu=kos, e)f' a(macw=n ei)s th\n a)gora\n komi/zontes.
*ferekra/ths d' ei)/rhken e)n *)agri/ois
(
gwgou=."
ka/phloi de\ ou) mo/non oi( metabolei=s, a)lla\ kai\ oi( to\n oi)=non
kerannu/ntes: o(/qen kai\ *sa/rambon o( *pla/twn
(
w)no/masen, e)painw=n au)to\n e)p' oi)nourgi/a|.
to\ de\ tw=n kaph/lwn e)r
gasth/rion kaphlei=on ei)rh/kasin oi( kwmw|dodida/skaloi
(
eccl 154
ble/fara ke/klh|tai/ d' w(s kaphlei/ou qu/ra.
*(/ermippos
(
pi/nein e)k kaphlei/ou "pro/dosin pi/nein" ei)/rhken.
ka/phlin d' e)/le
gon, w(s *)aristofa/nhs
(
a)/r' e)sti\n h( ka/phlis h( e)k tw=n geito/nwn,
h(\ tai=s kotu/lais a)ei/ me dialumai/netai.
kai\ to\ kotuli/zein ei)/rhtai me\n kai\ e)pi\ tw=n a)/llwn tw=n kata\ me/ros
pipraskome/nwn a)ll' ou)k a)qro/ws, i)/sws de\ kataxrwme/nwn tw=n le
go/ntwn, w(/sper kai\ to\ kaphleu/ein, ou(/tw kai\ to\ pipra/skein le/gou
sin: i)/dion d' a)\n ei)/h tw=n to\n oi)=non piprasko/ntwn.
kai\ *ferekra/ths
(
mhde\n kotuli/zein, a)lla\ katapa/ttein xu/dhn,
*)aristofa/nhs de\
(
kirna/ntes ga\r th\n po/lin h(mw=n kotuli/zete toi=si pe/nhsin.
o(/ti me/ntoi oi( kotu/lh kai\ u(grw=n h)=n kai\ chrw=n me/tron, *qoukudi/dhs
(
ei)=en d' a)/n tines kai\ nekrofo/roi kai\ tafei=s.
ta\ d' e)pi\ tou/tois a)po\
tou= pipra/skein.
e)/stin d' ei)pei=n e)p' au)tw=n to\ timiopw=lai, ei)rh
ko/tos *fruni/xou e)n *tragw|doi=s
(
su\ de\ timiopw/lhs w(/s g' *)axilleu\s ou)de\ ei(=s.
kai\ h( pamprasi/a de\ e)pi\ tw=n pa/nta pwlou/ntwn le/getai.
ta\ d' e)fech=s ta\ me\n plei=sta *kriti/as
(
le/gei, polloi\ de\ kai\ tw=n ma=llon au)tou= kekrime/nwn th\n eu)fwni/an.
xalkopw=lai, sidhropw=lai, laxanopw=lai turopw=lai: e)/qos h)=n e)pe
rwta=n tou/tous po/tera knh=n h)\ e)pesqi/ein.
surmaiopw=lai, stup
peiopw=lai, e)riopw=lai, libanwtopw=lai: libanwtopwlei=n de\ *)aristo
fa/nhs
(r(izopw=lai, silfiopw=lai, kaulopw=lai skeuo
pw=lai, spermolo/goi spermatopw=lai, xutropw=lai.
th\n d' *ai)/ginan
xutro/pwlin e)ka/loun
(farmakopw=lai, kai\
to\ r(h=ma farmakopwlei=n, kai\ farmakotri/bai para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(belonopw=lai belonopw/lides: pinakopw=lai: e)ka/loun
d' ou(/tws oi( poihtai\ th=s kwmw|di/as
(
pi/nakas pipra/skontas a)lla\ kai\ tou\s o)/rnis, a(\s prouti/qesan e)pi\ pi
na/kwn kerame/wn.
tou/tous d' o)rniqokaph/lous *kriti/as
(
`70 dou(= d' e)pipra/skonto oi( o)/rniqes, o)rniqopwlei=on.
o)rnew=tai, o)rniqopw=lai.
ktenopw=lai, a)gkistropw=lai, skorodo
pw=lai, krommuopw=lai.
i)sxadopw/lides, i)sxadopw=lai de\
*ferekra/ths e)n toi=s *)agaqoi=s
(
melitopw=lai melitopw/lides melitopwlou=sai.
lekiqopw/lhs, e)laio
pw=lai, o)copw=lai, gelgopw=lai gelgo/pwlis: ei)/rhtai ga\r h( gel
go/pwlis e)n *dionusaleca/ndrw| *krati/nou
(
*)artopw/lisin *(ermi/ppou
(e)n d'
*)aristofa/nous *danai/+si
(
dopw=lai, w(/sper e)n tai=s *foini/ssais
(
a)pomisqw=n.
xidropw=lai, luropw=lai stefanopw=lai stefanopw/
lides stefanopwlh/triai.
stefa/nwn de\ ei)/dh e)kku/listos, w(/sper *)ar
xi/ppw| ei)/rhtai e)n *(ri/nwni
(
a)pe/rxetai
ste/fanon e)/xwn tw=n e)kkuli/stwn:
kai\ kulisto\n de\ ei)/rhken *)antifa/nhs
(laxanopw=lai,
laxanopwli/des, laxanopwlh/triai.
ta\s de\ belo/nas beloni/das ei)/
rhken *(/ermippos e)n *moi/rais
(e)/cesti de\ kai\ ta)=lla
e)pi\ to\ qh=lu sxhmati/zein.
sunqhmatiai/ous de\ stefa/nous ei)/rhken *)ari
stofa/nhs
(
mous le/gousin: fate/on de\ e)pi\ me\n tou= e)kdido/ntos e)/rgon o(tiou=n to\
e)rgodotei=n, e)pi\ de\ tou= e)rgazome/nou to\ e)rgolabei=n.
ei) de\ *lusi/ou o(
kat' *au)tokle/ous
(
stou=si to\ di/kaion," ei)/h a)\n kai\ o( yhfopai/sths e)/ntexnon.
to\ de\
o)/noma tou=to ei)/rhke/ tis tw=n ne/wn kwmw|dw=n *eu)/docos e)n *nauklh/rw|
dra/mati
(
ei) de\ xrh\ kai\ ta\s ai)sxi/ous pra/ceis te/xnas o)noma/zein, e)rei=s
po/rnai po/rnoi, e(tai=rai e(tairou=ntes, pornei=a oi)kh/mata matrulei=a,
pornoboskoi/ proagwgoi/ mastropoi/.
th\n de\ po/rnhn kai\ xamaitu/phn
e)rei=s, kai\ xamaitupei=on to\ e)rgasth/rion, kai\ stegi=tin kai\ porni/
dion.
porneu/trian de\ e)n toi=s *gewrgoi=s *)aristofa/nhs
(
e)/fh, *filwni/dhs de\ e)n toi=s *koqo/rnois
(
nas.
*(/ermippos de\ e)n *)artopw/lisi
(
w)= sapra\ kai\ pa=si po/rnh kai\ ka/praina,
*)aristofa/nhs de\ e)n *skhna\s katalambanou/sais
(
th\n po/rdalin kalou=si th\n kasalba/da.
to\ de\ porneu/esqai r(h=ma e)n tw=| prw/tw| *eu)po/lidos *au)tolu/kw|
(
`67 ko
`159e)n de\
*fruni/xou *mou/sais
(
w)= ka/praina kai\ peri/pole kai\ droma/s.
kai\ forba/das d' a)\n ta\s po/rnas le/gois, w(/sper kai\ ma/xlous.
kubei/a, kubeu/tria kubeutai/, kubeuth/ria.
pettei/a h)\ pes
sei/a, w(s *sofoklh=s
(
ei)/rhken e)n toi=s *kubeutai=s
(thli/a, khmoi/, fimoi/,
khqi/s khqi/dion ko/skinon, a)ba/kion, ku/boi, dia/seistoi ku/boi, pettoi/,
a)f' w(=n kai\ to\ petteu/ein kai\ petteuth\s para\ *pla/twni
(to\ de\ pessoi=s pai/zein pessonomei=n *kra/ths ei)/rhken e)n
*gei/tosin
(
bo/lwn de\ o)no/mata
tw=n me\n fau/lwn te kai\ dusbo/lwn e)f' oi(=s to\ duskubei=n, *mi/das,
*ma/nhs, pa/trilos, pa/taina, ma/gnhs, sa/glh, a)/mplia, a)/bola,
a)/qetos, u(ptia/zwn, kru/yasos, ka/gxasos, trixi/as, e)kdu/nwn, xi=os,
o(\n kai\ keino\n kai\ oi)/nhn e)ka/loun_e)/sti de\ oi)/nh para\ toi=s *)/iwsi
mona/s_: oi( de\ belti/ous, e)f' oi(=s kai\ to\ eu)kubei=n e)le/geto, bo/los
pranh/s, e)pakontisth/s, kalli/bolos, fu/skwn, o(/roi, sunwri\s kei=os h)\ kw=|os.
o( me/ntoi *mi/das kai\ tw=n me/swn bo/lwn h)=n.
kai\ a)/lloi de\ polloi/ ei)sin,
ou(\s o)noma/zei *eu)/boulos e)n toi=s *kubeutai=s
(
kentrwto/s, i(ero/s, a(/rm' u(perba/llwn po/das,
kh/runnos, eu)dai/mwn, kunwto/s, a)/rtia,
*la/kwnes, a)nti/teuxos, *)argei=os, da/knwn,
*timo/kritos, e)llei/pwn, puali/ths, e)pi/qetos,
sfa/llwn, a)gu/rths, oi)=stros, a)naka/mptwn, doreu/s,
la/mpwn, *ku/klwpes, e)pife/rwn, *so/lwn, *si/mwn.
kubei/as de\ ei)/dh kai\ h( pleistobo/linda paidia/, kai\ to\ a)rtia/zein, kai\
diagrammi/zein kai\ diagrammismo/s kai\ xalki/zein kai\ xalkismo/s,
kai\ i(manteligmo/s kai\ naumaxi/a.
e)nh=| tis kai\ i(era\ grammh/, a)f' h(=s h(
paroimi/a "kinh/sw to\n a)f' i(era=s."
du/naito d' a)/n tis, ei) bou/loito, kai\ ta\s u(po\ tou= *pla/twnos
o)nomasqei/sas te/xnas tau/tais e)pariqmei=n, kai\ ta\ su\n au)tai=s o)no/
mata, ei)/te spouda/zwn e)xrh=to toi=s o)no/masin ei)/te kai\ mh/: le/gw de\
dia\ to\ e)n e)ni/ois tw=n o)noma/twn biaio/teron.
diakritikh/ sugkritikh/,
diakritiko/s, diakritikw=s, diakri=nai, dielei=n, diatemei=n dixoto
mei=n, xwri/sai diaxwri/sai a)poxwri/sai, a)posth=sai diasth=sai a)po
meri/sai *diameri/sai, dialabei=n, dixotomei=n, a)fairei=n kai\ a)faireta/,
sugkritiko\s *sugkritikw=s sugkri=nai, susth=sai, sunagagei=n, mi=cai sum
mi=cai, sumple/cai, kai\ te/xnh ou) plektikh\ mo/non a)lla\ kai\ *sum
plektikh/, problhmatourgikh/ *problhmatourgiko/s.
problh/mata, ske
pa/smata, parapeta/smata, stega/smata, o(pli/smata, a)mfie/smata,
fra/gmata, perikalu/mmata, u(popeta/smata.
trhta/ a)/trhta, su/nqeta
su/ndeta, neu/rina tri/xina.
peribolh/ u(pobolh/ *e)pibolh/.
i(mati
ourgikh/, pilhtikh/.
trh=sis, r(afh/.
o)losxi/stwn dermatourgikh/, r(euma/
twn *statikh/, e)piqhmatourgi/a, diakwlutika\ e)/rga, gomfwtikh/, o(plo
poiikh/, *magganeutikh/, a)muntikh\ xeimw=nos, e)rgastikh/.
cantikh/ ca/n
ths, knafeutikh/, u(fantikh/ u(fa/nths u(fa/smata u(fh/, pluntikh/,
qerapeutikh/, kosmhtikh/, %prohtikh/, nhstikh/, *streptikh/ strep
tiko/n, sumplektiko/n, a)/strofon, ka/tagma, sthmononhtikh/, krokonh
tikh/, plastikh/, nh=ma, *e)mple/cai, eu)quploki/a.
xalkotupikh/, kera
mikh/, floistikh/, felloi/, bi/bloi, prwtogene/s, a)su/nqeton.
gluptikh\
sfragi/dwn, druotomikh/.
*trofikh/, a)gelaiokomikh/ *a)gelaiotrofikh/.
u(phretikh/, *a)rguramoibikh/ a)rguramoibo/s, e)mporeutikoi/.
to\ khrukiko\n
pa=n ge/nos, e(rmhneutai/.
*i(erewtikh/, kritikh/, e)pistatikh/.
*skeuourgikh/
skeuourgi/a.
i(ppoforbi/a, diakonikh/.
pettei/a, peistikh/ peisti
ko/n, *a)rktikh/, misqarnhtikh/.
a)gkistreutikh/ a)gkistrei/a, a(lieutikh/,
plektikh/, purieutikh/, a)spalieutikh/, triodonti/a kai\ polla\ a)/lla
su\n tou/tois o)no/mata.
i(/na de\ mhde\ tw=n bibli/wn a)melei=n dokw=men, ei)/pois a)\n bi/bloi,
bibli/on: para\ de\ *)aristofa/nei
(kai\ xa/rtas de\
tou\s gegramme/nous *pla/twn ei)/rhken o( kwmiko/s
(
ta\ grammatei=a tou/s te xa/rtas e)kfe/rwn.
e)k de\ tw=n e)nanti/wn e)pi\ a)gra/fou to\ bibli/on ei)/rhken *(hro/dotos
(
stome/nei eu(rh/seis e)n *go/hsin
(
*krati/nw| e)n *xei/rosin
(
tifa/nei e)n *sapfoi=
(para\ de\ tw=| newte/rw| *krati/nw|
e)n *(upobolimai/w|
(*)antifa/nhs de\ e)n tw=|
*mu/lwni
(*(hro/dotos
(
de\ tou\s *)/iwna/s fhsi ta\s bi/blous difqe/ras le/gein a)po\ tou= palaiou=.
ta\s de\ difqe/ras kalou=si kai\ i)tte/las.
*kommo/dw| *kai/sari *)iou/lios *poludeu/khs xai/rein.
tau=ta e)gw\
me\n suneleca/mhn, o(/ti me\n dia\ taxe/wn, au)to\ dhloi=, plh\n ou)k
e)/stin o(/te a)posta\s di' au)ta\ th=s sunousi/as th=s pro\s tou\s ne/ous
kai\ tw=n di' e)/qous a)gw/nwn o(shme/rai du/o lo/gous e)ceirgasa/mhn
to\n me\n e)k tou= qro/nou le/gwn, to\n de\ o)rqosta/dhn: e)/dei de/, w(s
ei)ko/s, ka)kei/nois paraskeuh=s kai\ tou/tois sxolh=s.
*dikastika\ o)no/mata ei)/h a)/n, w(s e)gw)=|mai, ta/de.
di/kh me\n h(/ te
qeo\s kai\ to\ pra=gma ou(= proe/sthken o( dika/zwn, kai\ h( a)mfisbh/thsis kai\
h( diadikasi/a kai\ h( timwri/a, to\ de\ sune/xon th\n di/khn di/kaion kai\ a)/di
kon, o( de\ dika/zwn dikasth/s, to\ de\ xwri/on dikasth/rion.
ta\ de\ a)p'
au)tw=n o)no/mata di/kaios dikai/ws, dikaiosu/nh dikaiopragi/a, dikaio/
ths dikaiodo/ths.
to\ de\ di/kaion kai\ qemito/n, to\n de\ di/kaion ei)/
pois a)\n kai\ no/mimon, eu)gnw/mona, sw/frona, toi=s ou)=sin a)rkou/menon,
ou)deno\s tw=n a)llotri/wn e)fie/menon, dikaiopragou=nta, eu)gnwmonou=nta,
swfronou=nta.
kai\ eu)gnwmosu/nh kai\ swfrosu/nh.
nomi/mws, eu)gnw
mo/nws, swfro/nws.
dikaiopragei=n, eu)gnwmonei=n, swfronei=n.
a)/dikos
a)di/kws, a)diki/a, a)dikopragi/a.
to\n de\ a)/dikon fai/hs a)\n pleone/kthn,
a)/nomon para/nomon, bi/aion, tw=n a)llotri/wn e)piqumhth/n, tw=n ou)de\n
proshko/ntwn e)fie/menon.
kai\ a)dikei=n, a)dikopragei=n, pleonektei=n, a)no
mei=n paranomei=n, bia/zesqai.
kai\ pleoneci/a, a)nomi/a, bi/a.
kai\ pleone
ktikw=s, a)no/mws parano/mws, biai/ws.
o( de\ dikasth\s o)nomasqei/h a)\n o( dika/zwn, o( klh/rw| laxw/n, o(
klhrwqei/s, o( th=s yh/fou ku/rios, o( th\n yh=fon pareilhfw/s, o( to\n
o(/rkon o)mwmokw/s, o( tou= dikai/ou prosta/ths, o( tw=n no/mwn fu/lac, o(
ta\ a)mfisbhth/sima diairw=n, o( kri/nwn, o( diakri/nwn, o( tou\s a)dikou=ntas
kola/zwn, metiw/n, katadika/zwn, e)cai/rwn, nouqetw=n, swfroni/zwn, o( ti
mwrou/menos.
kai\ to\ e)/rgon au)tou= qe/sqai th\n yh=fon, e)cenegkei=n gnw=
sin, kri=nai diakri=nai ta\ di/kaia, dielei=n, dika/sai katadika/sai a)po
dika/sai, katayhfi/sasqai a)poyhfi/sasqai katagnw=nai a)pognw=nai
timwrh/sasqai kola/sai metelqei=n, a)fei=nai a)palla/cai: to\ ga\r a)polu=sai
i)diwtiko/n.
to\ de\ o)/noma tou= pra/gmatos kri/sis, gnw=sis kata/gnwsis
a)po/gnwsis, katadi/kh a)/fesis.
kai\ e)painw=n me\n a)\n dikasth\n ei)/pois
di/kaios, e)/ndikos, a)kribh/s, a)/dwros, a)dia/fqoros, a)necapa/thtos, dus
para/gwgos, duspara/treptos a)para/treptos, a)para/peistos, a)planh/s,
sta/simos, a)sfalh/s, i)/sos i)sosta/sios i)so/rropos, a)klinh/s a)/treptos,
pro\s to\ di/kaion r(e/pwn, ou) pro\s o)rgh\n e)kfero/menos, ou) pro\s xa/rin
e)ndidou/s, a)kribe/steros zugou= th\n r(oph/n, misopo/nhros, fila/nqrw
pos, h(/meros, pra=os, e)pieikh/s, e)leh/mwn, filoikti/rmwn.
kai\ ta\
e)pirrh/mata dikai/ws, e)ndi/kws a)kribw=s, a)dw/rws, a)diafqo/rws, a)neca
path/tws, a)planw=s, stasi/mws, a)sfalw=s, i)/sws: to\ ga\r i)sostasi/ws
sklhro/n.
kalo\n de\ to\ i)sorro/pws, a)klinw=s, a)tre/ptws, miso
ponh/rws: a)filanqrw/pws: h(me/rws: pra/ws e)pieikw=s: e)lehmo/nws
de\ kai\ filoiktirmo/nws sklhra/.
ta\ de\ tw=n e)/rgwn o)no/mata dikaiosu/nh,
eu)diki/a eu)qudiki/a, a)kri/beia, a)dwri/a a)sfa/leia, i)so/ths, misopo
nhri/a, filanqrwpi/a, h(mero/ths, prao/ths, e)piei/keia i)sorropi/a,
e)/leos: a)po\ de\ tw=n a)/llwn ou)ke/ti.
r(h/mata de\ a)po\ tou/twn mo/na
i)sorropei=n, filanqrwpeu/esqai, e)leei=n, oi)ktei/rein.
ye/gwn d' a)\n
ei)/pois dikasth\s a)/dikos, e)/knomos para/nomos, r(a/|dios r(a|diourgo/s,
propeth/s, eu)xerh/s dwrodo/kos, eu)ecapa/thtos, eu)/treptos
eu)para/treptos eu)para/peistos, eu)para/gwgos, peplanhme/nos,
sfalero/s, skaio/s, a)pa/nqrwpos, a)nepieikh/s, u(bristh/s, e(tero/rropos,
a)/nisos, a)nhleh/s, a)/grios, a)/noiktos ei) mh\ tragikw/teron, pro\s
xa/rin u(pokataklino/menos, duso/rghtos, pro\s o)rgh\n e)/kforos, pro\s
a)rgu/rion ble/pwn, pro\s to\ plei=on baruno/menos, dekazo/menos, fenakizo/
menos.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata a)di/kws, e)kno/mws parano/mws, r(a|di/ws,
propetw=s, eu)xerw=s, eu)ecapath/tws, peplanhme/nws, sfalerw=s,
skaiw=s, a)panqrw/pws, u(bristikw=s, a)ni/sws, a)gri/ws, a)nhlew=s, a)ne
pieikw=s, e(terorrepw=s, a)noi/ktws: ta\ ga\r a)po\ tw=n loipw=n dus
fqegkto/tera.
ta\ de\ pra/gmata a)diki/a, paranomi/a a)nomi/a,
r(a|stw/nh r(a|diourgi/a, prope/teia, eu)xe/reia, a)pa/th, sfa/lma, a)pan
qrwpei/a, a)nepiei/keia, u(/bris, a)niso/ths, a)grio/ths, dwrodoki/a, par
agwgh/, e(terorre/peia, skaio/ths, pla/nh.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata a)dikei=n, pa
ranomei=n, r(a|diourgei=n, a)pata=sqai e)capata=sqai, tre/pesqai pa
ratre/pesqai, para/gesqai, sfa/llesqai, u(bri/zein dwrodokei=n, para
pei/qesqai, a)panqrwpeu/esqai, e(terorrepei=n, a)griai/nein, fenaki/zesqai
kai\ to\ o)/noma fenakismo/s.
*pla/twn
(
ei)=nai kakodiki/as h)ci/wsen.
koina\ d' e)pi\ dikastw=n, o(mo/yhfoi e)ge/nonto, su/myhfoi, suneyh
fi/santo, th\n e)nanti/an gnw/mhn e)/qento, th\n katadika/zousan, th\n ka
qai/rousan, th\n kataginw/skousan, th\n a)fiei=san.
i)/sas ta\s yh/fous
e)/qento, i)/sai ai( yh=foi h)ne/xqhsan: to\ d' i)so/yhfoi para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(e)/sti d' ei)pei=n e)ka/qise dikasth/rion
kai\ a)peklhrw/qh dikasth/rion.
skeu/h de\ dikastika\ su/mbolon, bakthri/a, pina/kion timhtiko/n,
ma/lqh, h(=| katalh/lipto to\ pina/kion, e)gkentri/s, h(=| ei(=lkon th\n gram
mh/n: makra\ de\ e)kalei=to h(\n katadika/zontes ei(=lkon.
khmo/s, kadi/skos,
e)xi=nos, yh=fos, kleyu/dra, xoiri/nai: pa/lai ga\r xoiri/nais a)nti\ yh/fwn
e)xrw=nto, ai(/per h)=san ko/gxai qala/ttioi: au)=qis de\ kai\ xalka=s e)poih/
santo kata\ mi/mhsin.
kai\ sfo/nduloi de\ e)kalou=nto ai( yh=foi ai( dika
stikai/, xalkou= pepoihme/nai.
kadi/skos me\n ou)=n e)sti\ to\ a)ggei=on w(=| ta\s
yh/fous e)gkaqi/esan, khmo\s de\ di' ou(= kath/|esan ai( yh=foi e)pikeime/nou
tw=| kadi/skw|, e)xi=nos de\ ou(= ai( marturi/ai e)mblhqei=sai kateshmai/nonto.
ta/xa de\ tw=n tou= dikasthri/ou merw=n e)sti\ kai\ kigkli\s kai\ dru/faktos.
e)/nioi d' oi)/ontai kai\ a)na/gkhn skeu=os ei)=nai dikastiko/n, ei)po/ntos
*)aristofa/nous
(
ou)k ei)= labw\n qu/raze ta\ yhfi/smata
kai\ th\n a)na/gkhn e)s ko/rakas e)nteuqeni/;
kai\ fruktoi\ de\ e)kalou=nto ai( yh=foi ai( dikastikai/: o(/qen kai\
frukth/ tis yh=fos, h(=| ei)s ta\ e)nanti/a e)xrw=nto.
fu/llois d' e)yh
fi/zonto oi( kata\ dh/mous dika/zontes, oi(=s e)pe/grafon ei)/ tis w(s pare/g
graptos e)kri/neto.
kai\ to\ katagnw=nai e)kalei=to e)kfulloforh=sai, kai\
o( kategnwsme/nos e)kpefulloforhme/nos.
w)noma/zeto de\ tau)to\n tou=to
a)poyhfi/sasqai kai\ a)peyhfisme/nos u(penanti/ws tw=| para\ toi=s dika
stai=s: e)kei= ga\r to\ a)poyhfi/sasqai to\ a)fei=nai e)sti/n, e)n de\ toi=s kata\
dh/mous dikasthri/ois a)nti\ tou= katayhfi/sasqai ta/ttetai.
ai( d' e)n
toi=s dh/mois au(=tai kri/seis e)kalou=nto diayhfi/seis.
kai\ h( boulh\ de\
h( tw=n pentakosi/wn fu/llois a)nti\ yh/fwn e)xrw=nto.
koinh=| me/ntoi pa=s
o( dh=mos o)stra/kois e)yhfi/zeto, kai\ to\ e)/rgon e)kalei=to o)strakofori/a,
kai\ to\ pa/qos o)strakismo/s, kai\ to\ r(h=ma e)costraki/sai kai\ e)co
strakisqh=nai.
perisxoini/santas de/ ti th=s a)gora=s me/ros e)/dei fe/rein
ei)s to\n periorisqe/nta to/pon *)aqhnai/wn to\n boulo/menon o)/strakon
e)ggegramme/non tou)/noma tou= me/llontos e)costraki/zesqai: o(/tw| de\ e(ca
kisxi/lia ge/noito ta\ o)/straka, tou=ton fugei=n e)xrh=n, ou)x w(s kategnw
sme/non a)ll' w(s th=| politei/a| baru/teron, di' a)reth=s fqo/non ma=llon h)\
dia\ kaki/as yo/gon.
tw=n me\n dikastikw=n o)noma/twn e)sti\n au)to\ tou=to, dikastiko/n:
h)=n de\ tou=to to\ triw/bolon o( tw=| dikasth=| dido/menos misqo/s.
ei) de\ th\n di/khn kai\ timwri/an xrh\ le/gein, r(hte/on di/kh, timwri/a,
ko/lasis, zhmi/a e)pizh/mion, ti/mhma prosti/mhma e)piti/mhma kai\
w(s *)antifw=n
(
di/kh, kata/gnwsis.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata timwrei=sqai, kola/zein, zhmiou=n, ti
ma=sqai prostima=n e)pitima=n, katadika/zein, kataginw/skein, e)pibolh\n
e)piba/llein.
to\ de\ katadika/zein *pla/twn
(
to\ de\ pa/qos katadedika/sqai, kekola/sqai, e)zhmiw=sqai, prostetimh=sqai,
o)flei=n, kategnw=sqai: kai\ o( toiou=tos kata/dikos u(po/dikos, u(peu/qu
nos, o)flw/n, kekolasme/nos, e)zhmiwme/nos, e)ggegramme/nos, kate
gnwsme/nos.
ou) xrh\ d' a)gnoei=n o(/ti zhmi/an ou) th\n ei)s xrh/mata
mo/non e)ka/loun, a)lla\ kai\ th\n ei)s to\ sw=ma.
ta\ me/ntoi prostimh/mata
*so/lwn e)pai/tia kalei=.
ei)/h d' a)\n e)k tou/twn kai\ to\ h)timw=sqai, pefu
gadeu=sqai, teqanatw=sqai, kexiliw=sqai: to\ de\ kataleliqw=sqai a)/llhs
e)sti\ xrei/as.
kai\ mh\n kai\ ta/de a)po\ di/khs o)no/mata.
e)pi/dikos klh=ros h)\ e)pi/
klhros.
kai\ e)pidika/sasqai e)pidikasa/menos, kai\ a)nepi/dikos.
kai\
e)pidikasi/a kai\ diadikasi/a, kai\ diadika/sasqai kai\ a)nti/dikos
kai\ a)ntidiki/a kai\ h)ntidi/khsen w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
u(po/dikos kai\ kata/dikos kai\ katadi/khn w(s *qoukudi/dhs
(
kai\ a)na/dikos di/kh, kai\ a)nadiki/a w(s *lusi/as
(
ka/zesqai w(s *)isai=os
(kai\ *dei/narxos kai\ a)di/khma
kai\ a)diki/a kai\ dikogra/fos w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
fikw=s w(s *)isokra/ths
(?
).
kai\ a)ntedika/sato w(s *lusi/as
(
kai\ su/ndikos sundika/zein sundikazo/menos.
pro/dikos prodikei=n,
prodika/sasqai prodikasi/a w(s *)antifw=n
(kai\ eu)diki/a
eu)qudiki/a, kai\ au)todikei=n.
kai\ e)kdika/zesqai, kai\ prokatadika/
zesqai w(s *dei/narxos
(kai\ katadika/sai, kai\ kata
dika/sasqai e)pi\ tw=n e(lo/ntwn.
kai\ a)podika/zwn w(s *lusi/as
(
turo( d' au)to\s
kai\ dikaiou/menon to\n kolazo/menon.
*kriti/as
(
de\ a)podika/sai e)/fh th\n di/khn to\ a)polu=sai h)\ nikw=san a)pofh=nai,
w(s a)\n h(mei=s a)poyhfi/sasqai.
o( d' au)to\s
(
to\ di' o(/lou tou= e)/tous dika/zein.
ei)/pois d' a)\n kai\ filo/diko/n tina, kai\
e)/ndikon ou) mo/non a)/ndra a)lla\ kai\ h(me/ran e)n h(=| dika/zousin: to\ ga\r
a)/dikon ei)pei=n e)n h(=| ou) dika/zousi, biaio/teron.
ei)si\ de\ kai\ para\ *mena/n
drw|
(kai\ e)fugodi/koun ei)/rhke *dhmosqe/nhs,
(
dikazo/menon.
e)/nioi de\ kai\ to\ streyodikei=n to\ para\ toi=s kwmikoi=s
(
kathgorei=n h)\ to\n polla/kis ei)s th\n au)th\n strefo/menon di/khn.
u(pe/rdikon de\ to\n u(pe\r tou= de/ontos a)gw=na e)/legon.
tw=n de\ dikastikw=n o)noma/twn grammatei=a, diamarturi/a, diaqh=kai,
a)nti/grafa, kataseshmasme/na, kai\ shmh/nasqai katashmh/nasqai, sh
mhna/menos, e)pishmhna/menos de\ *)isai=os
(
parashmhna/menos o( *qoukudi/dhs
(
th\n sfragi=da le/gei.
ei)/poi d' a)/n tis kai\ a)pogra/yasqai kai\ a)ntigra/
yasqai kai\ e)nshmh/nasqai.
o)no/mata de\ tw=n e)k dikasthri/ou kai\ to\ mes
egguh=sai, e)meseggu/hsan, e)n mesegguh/mati e)poih/sasqe: mese/gguon th\n
mei/raka kataqe/sqai *)aristofa/nhs
(
*cenofw=n
(?
), mesegguh/mata de\ *(uperei/dhs kai\ mesegguhsame/nh *dhmo
sqe/nhs
(e)/sti de/ tis kai\ lh=cis di/khs, kai\ di/khn laxei=n kai\
e)nsth/sasqai, e)negkei=n, e)pagagei=n, susth/sasqai kai\ dialu/sasqai di/khn.
kai\ di/khs me\n lh=cis ei)/h a)\n o( nu=n kalou/menos tu/pos, to\ i)diwtikw=s
a)mfisbh/thma
(a)ne/krinon de\ ta\s le/ceis oi( a)/rxontes
), grafh=s de\ e)pi\
tw=n dhmosi/wn a)dikhma/twn, o(/per nu=n le/getai e)ggrafh\ kai\ e)ggra/ya
sqai.
a)poqe/sqai grafh/n, a)penegkei=n, a)pene/gkasqai e)penegkei=n,
e)pagagei=n, e)paggei=lai: a)poqe/menos, a)penegkw/n, e)paggei/las, a)pene/gkas
e)penegka/menos, e)pagagw/n, graya/menos.
koinh=| de\ tau=ta pa/nta
fai/hs a)\n e)gklh/mata kai\ w(s *pla/twn
(?
) e)piklh/mata, kai\ e)gkalei=n kai\
e)pikalei=n.
kai\ kathgori/a d' a)\n ei)/h tau)to\ tou=to, kai\ ai)ti/a kai\ w(s
*pla/twn
(?
) ai)tia/seis, kai\ diw/ceis: kathgorei=n, ai)tia/sasqai, diw/kein.
kai\ eu)qu/nein de\ kai\ eu)/quna.
tw=n de\ e)k dikasthri/ou o)noma/twn kai\ to\
sukofantei=n, e)rgolabei=n e)nergolabei=n, e)phrea/zein e)nephrea/zein
katayeu/desqai, katayeudomarturei=n: *dhmosqe/nhs
(
katayeudomarturou=mai.
*(uperei/dhs
(
kai\ to\ pra=gma sukofanti/a, e)phreasmo/s e)ph/reia, yeudologi/a,
yeudomarturi/a: *krati=nos
(
rhken.
kai\ to\ o)/noma sukofa/nths, kai\ e)rgolabw=n kai\ e)phrea/zwn, kai\
o( ta\ yeudh= marturw=n h)\ katamarturw=n, ta/xa de\ kai\ polupra
gmonw=n, a)nti\ tw=n o)noma/twn fau/lwn o)/ntwn metoxai/.
logogra/
fos: dikogra/fos kai\ par' *(uperei/dh|
(
kai\ i)diwtika\ me\n dikw=n o)no/mata ai)ki/as, kakhgori/as, bla/bhs,
parakataqh/khs, a)popomph=s kai\ w(s *lusi/as
(
kakw/sews, kloph=s, xre/ws, sumbolai/wn, sunqhkw=n paraba/sews, diadi
kasi/as, e)pidikasi/as misqw/sews oi)/kou, e)pitroph=s, a)xaristi/as, si/
tou, karpou=, e)noiki/ou, a)diki/ou, fora=s a)fanou=s, meqhmerinh=s.
a)mfi
sbh/thsis, parakatabolh/, diamarturi/a, e)pi/skhyis, a)mfisbh/thsis me/n,
o(/stis a)mfisbhtoi= klh/rou kata\ ge/nos w(s ou)k o)/ntos ui(ou= tw=| teqnew=ti,
parakatabolh\ de/, o(/stis a)ntile/goi w(s au)to\s dikaio/teros w)\n e)/xein to\n
klh=ron e)c a)gxistei/as h)\ diaqhkw=n: parakate/balle de\ th=s ou)si/as to\
de/katon, w(s proseisoi/swn e)a\n h(tthqh=|.
diamarturi/a de/, o(/stis dia
marturoi=to mh\ e)pi/dikon ei)=nai to\n klh=ron w(s o)/ntos ui(ou=.
e)pi/skhyis
de/, ei)/ tis th\n diamarturi/an w(s yeudh= ai)tiw=|to: *)isai=os
(
de\ kai\ to\ e)pi\ fo/nw| proeipei=n ei)s *)/areion pa/gon: "e)pi/skeyai, e)/fh,
ei)s *)/areion pa/gon: au)tw=| e)pe/skhmmai." a)ntigrafh\ de\ e)kalei=to
e)pi\ tw=n kata\ ge/nos a)mfisbhtou/ntwn.
ta\s d' e)pi\ tw=| si/tw| di/kas e)n
w)|dei/w| e)di/kazon: si=tos de/ e)stin ai( o)feilo/menai trofai/.
h)=n de\ di/kh
kai\ ei)s e)mfanw=n kata/stasin kaloume/nh, o(po/te tis e)gguh/saito h)\ au)
to/n tina h)\ ta\ xrh/mata, oi(=on ta\ klopai=a, a(\ kai\ kle/mmata kai\ klo
pimai=a kai\ fw/ria, para\ de\ *pla/twni
(*so/lwn
me/ntoi to\ kle/mma kle/pos e)n toi=s no/mois w)no/masen.
to\n de\ kle/pthn
ei)/pois a)\n kai\ klepti/skon w(s *eu)/polis
(
(h( de\ bebaiw/sews di/kh,
o(po/t' a)/n tis pria/menos oi)ki/an h)\ xwri/on a)mfisbhtou=nto/s tinos a)na/gh|
e)pi\ to\n prath=ra: to\n de\ prosh/kei bebaiou=n, h)\ mh\ bebaiou=nta u(peu/
qunon ei)=nai th=s bebaiw/sews.
ei) d' o( a)na/gwn e)pi\ to\n prath=ra h(tth
qei/h, to\ me\n a)mfisbhthqe\n tou= krath/santos e)gi/neto, o( d' h(tthqei\s th\n
timh\n para\ tou= sukofanth/santos e)komi/zeto.
a)postasi/ou de\ di/kh
kata\ tw=n a)fistame/nwn a)peleuqe/rwn, a)prostasi/ou de\ kata\ tw=n ou)
nemo/ntwn prosta/thn metoi/kwn.
a)ll' au(/th me\n dhmosi/a, w(/sper kai\ h(
th=s e)pitroph=s: e)ch=n ga\r tw=| boulome/nw| gra/fesqai to\n e)pi/tropon
u(pe\r tw=n a)dikoume/nwn o)rfanw=n.
marturi/a de\ kalei=tai, o(/tan tis
au)to\s i)dw\n marturh=|, e)kmarturi/a de/, o(/tan tis para\ tou= i)do/ntos a)kou/
sas le/gh|.
kai\ kata\ me\n tw=n ta\ yeudh= marturou/ntwn di/kh yeu
domarturiw=n, o(\ kai\ e)piskh/yasqai yeudomarturiw=n e)le/geto: lipo
marturi/ou de\ kata\ tw=n i)do/ntwn me\n kai\ marturh/sein o(mologhsa/ntwn,
e)n de\ tw=| kairw=| th\n marturi/an e)klipo/ntwn.
to\n d' ou) boulo/menon
marturei=n e)klh/teuon, a)na/gkhn tou= marturh=sai prostiqe/ntes: e)/dei de\
au)to\n h)\ marturei=n, h)\ e)como/sasqai w(s ou)k ei)dei/h h)\ mh\ parei/h h)\
xili/as a)poti/nein.
klhteu/esqai me\n ou)=n e)sti\ to\ kalei=sqai ei)s
marturi/an, e)kklhteu/esqai de\ to\ di/khn o)fei/lein e)pi\ tw=| ta\s xili/as ka
tabalei=n.
*lusi/as
(
kai\ mh\n kai\ e)ranikai\ di/kai kai\ no/mos e)raniko\s kai\ koino\n e)ranistw=n.
h)=n de/ tis kai\ para/stasis, e)pwbeli/a prutanei=a, parakata
bolh/.
ta\ me\n prutanei=a w(risme/na, o(/ ti e)/dei katabalei=n pro\ th=s
di/khs to\n diw/konta kai\ to\n diwko/menon: ei) de\ mh/, die/grafon th\n
di/khn oi( ei)sagwgei=s.
o( d' h(tthqei\s a)pedi/dou to\ par' a)mfote/rwn do
qe/n, e)la/mbanon d' au)to\ oi( dikastai/.
kai\ oi( me\n a)po\ e(kato\n draxmw=n
a)/xri xili/wn dikazo/menoi trei=s draxma\s kateti/qento, oi( de\ a)po\ xili/wn
me/xri muri/wn tria/konta.
oi( de\ oi)/ontai prutanei=a ei)=nai to\ e)pi
de/katon tou= timh/matos, katati/qesqai d' au)to\ tou\s grayame/nos e)pi\
misqodosi/a| tw=n dikastw=n.
parakatabolh\ d' h)=n e)pi\ me\n tw=n pro\s
to\ dhmo/sion a)mfisbhthma/twn to\ pe/mpton, e)pi\ de\ tw=n i)diwtikw=n to\
de/katon.
e)pwbeli/a d' h)=n to\ e(/kton tou= timh/matos me/ros, o(\ w)/fei
len o( mh\ e(lw/n, prosw/feilen o( ai(reqei/s: w)no/mastai de\ o(/ti o)bolo\s
h)=n to\ e(/kton th=s draxmh=s.
h( de\ para/stasis draxmh\ h)=n, h(\n o( diw/
kwn para\ diaithth=| proseise/feren: a)f' h(=s i)/sws kai\ *pla/twn
(
"parasth/sasqai ei)s kri/sin" ei)/rhken o(\ proskale/sasqai oi( r(h/tores.
grafai\ de\ fo/nou kai\ trau/matos e)k pronoi/as, kai\ purkai+a=s kai\
farma/kwn kai\ moixei/as kai\ u(/brews, i(erosuli/as, a)sebei/as, prodosi/as,
dw/rwn, dekasmou=, lipostrati/ou, lipotaci/ou, a)stratei/as, liponauti/ou,
a)naumaxi/ou, tou= r(i=yai th\n a)spi/da, a)f' ou(= r(i/yaspis *klew/
numos, a)gami/ou, para\ de\ *lakedaimoni/ois kai\ o)yigami/ou kai\
kakogami/ou, a)rgi/as, e(tairh/sews, yeudeggrafh=s, yeudoklhtei/as,
ceni/as, dwroceni/as, parano/mwn, parapresbei/as: dokimasi/a, eu)/quna,
probolh/, fa/sis, e)/ndeicis, a)pagwgh/, e)fhgei=sqai, a)ndrolh/yion, ei)sagge
li/a.
tau/tas ta\s di/kas h)\ o(/sai toiau=tai_e)kalou=nto ga\r ai( grafai\
kai\ di/kai, ou) me/ntoi kai\ ai( di/kai grafai/_e)ch=n tw=| boulome/nw| gra/
fesqai, kai\ e)pi\ me\n pasw=n tou/twn o( mh\ metalabw\n to\ pe/mpton me/ros
tw=n yh/fwn proswfli/skane xili/as: o( de\ th=s a)sebei/as graya/menos kai\
ou)x e(lw\n e)qanatou=to.
kai\ th=s me\n u(/brews to\ ti/mhma ou)k h)=n tou=
paqo/ntos a)lla\ dhmo/sion, dw/rwn de\ kata\ tou= e)pi\ dw/rois dika/santos
h)=n h( grafh/, dekasmou= de\ kata\ tou= diafqei/rantos: kai\ o( me\n deka/
zesqai o( de\ deka/zein e)le/geto.
th=s de\ a)rgi/as e)pi\ me\n *dra/kontos a)ti
mi/a h)=n to\ ti/mhma: e)pi\ de\ *so/lwnos, ei) tri/s tis a(lw/|h, h)timou=to.
kai\
liponauti/ou me\n e)kri/neto o( th\n nau=n e)klipw/n, w(/sper o( th\n ta/cin
lipotaci/ou, a)naumaxi/ou de\ o( th\n nau=n me\n mh\ lipw/n, mh\ me/ntoi nau
maxh/sas.
e(tairh/sews d' h)=n grafh\ kai\ dokimasi/a kai\ e)paggeli/a: kai\
tau=ta th=s kata\ tw=n e(tairhko/twn kathgori/as ta\ o)no/mata.
yeudeg
grafh=s d' h)=n di/kh kata\ tw=n w(s o)fei/lonta/s tinas e)ndeicame/nwn, ei)
yeudw=s sesukofanthko/tes a(lw=|en.
kata\ de\ tou/tou h)=n kai\ e)pibouleu/
sews grafh/, yeudoklhtei/as de\ kata\ tw=n ou) dikai/ws keklhteuko/twn.
dwroceni/as de/, ei)/ tis ceni/as krino/menos dw=ra dou\s a)pofu/goi.
para
no/mwn de/, ei)/ tis yh/fisma gra/yai h)\ no/mon para/nomon: u(pomosa/
menos ga/r tis to\ grafe/n, ou(= h( kathgori/a u(pwmosi/a e)kalei=to, dih/
legxen o(/ti e)/sti para/nomon h)\ a)/dikon h)\ a)su/mforon.
dokimasi/a de\
toi=s a)/rxousin e)phgge/lleto, kai\ toi=s klhrwtoi=s kai\ toi=s ai(retoi=s
ei)/t' e)pith/deioi/ ei)sin a)/rxein ei)/te kai\ mh/, kai\ toi=s dhmagwgoi=s, ei) h(tai
rhko/tes ei)=en h)\ ta\ patrw=|a katedhdoko/tes h)\ tou\s gone/as kekakwko/tes
h)\ a)/llws kakw=s bebiwko/tes: a)ti/mous ga\r au)tou\s e)xrh=n ei)=nai kai\
mh\ le/gein.
eu)/quna de\ kata\ tw=n a)rca/ntwn h)\ presbeusa/ntwn h)=n
me\n peri\ xrhma/twn pro\s tou\s eu)qu/nous kai\ logista/s
(oi( d' h)=san
de/ka
), h)=n de\ peri\ a)dikhma/twn pro\s tou\s dikasta/s.
h( d' eu)/quna
xro/non ei)=xen w(risme/non, meq' o(\n ou)ke/t' e)ch=n e)gkalei=n.
i)di/ws de\ h(
kata\ tw=n presbeutw=n grafh\ parapresbei/as e)le/geto.
probolh\
de\ h)=n klh=sis ei)s di/khn kata\ tw=n kako/nws pro\s to\n dh=mon diakei
me/nwn.
probolai\ d' e)gi/nonto tou= dh/mou yhfisame/nou kai\ tw=n
eu)nousta/twn th=| po/lei, w(s *lusi/as e)n tw=| kata\ *qeodoti/dou
(
peri\ a)mfoi=n le/gwn probolai\ de\ h)=san kai\ ai( th=s sukofanti/as grafai/:
*lusi/as e)n tw=| pro\s *(ippokra/thn ai)ki/as
(e)gi/nonto de\ kai\
peri\ tw=n e)cubrisa/ntwn h)\ a)dikhsa/ntwn h)\ a)sebhsa/ntwn peri\ ta\s e(or
ta/s, w(s h( kata\ *meidi/ou probolh/.
fa/sis de\ h)=n to\ fai/nein tou\s peri\
ta\ me/talla a)dikou=ntas, h)\ peri\ to\ e)mpo/rion kakourgou=ntas h)\ peri\
ta\ te/lh, h)\ tw=n dhmosi/wn ti nenosfisme/nous, h)\ sukofantou=ntas,
h)\ peri\ tou\s o)rfanou\s e)camarta/nontas.
e)fai/nonto de\ pro\s to\n
a)/rxonta.
koinw=s de\ fa/seis e)kalou=nto pa=sai ai( mhnu/seis tw=n lan
qano/ntwn a)dikhma/twn.
e)di/dosan de\ e)n grammatei/w| gra/yantes th\n
fa/sin, ta/ q' e(autw=n kai\ to\ tou= krinome/nou o)/noma prosgra/yantes
kai\ ti/mhma e)pigraya/menoi: o( de\ a)/rxwn paredi/dou th\n kri/sin di
kasthri/w|.
kai\ to\ me\n timhqe\n e)gi/neto tw=n a)dikoume/nwn, ei) kai\
a)/llos u(pe\r au)tw=n fh/neien: o( de\ mh\ metalabw\n to\ pe/mpton me/ros
tw=n yh/fwn th\n e)pwbeli/an proswfli/skanen.
h)=n de\ e(/kton tou= ti
mh/matos, w(s *)isai=os e)n tw=| pro\s *eu)klei/dhn
(
ri/ou.
ei)sh/geto de\ ta\ me\n e)nto\s xili/wn ei)s e(/na kai\ diakosi/ous, ta\
de\ u(pe\r xili/as ei)s e(/na kai\ tetrakosi/ous.
e)/dei de\ kai\ klhth=ras
prosepigra/fesqai to\n fai/nonta, ei) ei)si\ ma/rtures.
e)/ndeicis de\ h)=
pro\s to\n a)/rxonta o(mologoume/nou a)dikh/matos mh/nusis, ou) kri/sews
a)lla\ timwri/as deome/nou.
o( d' e)ndeiknu/menos e)n grammatei/w| pro\s
to\n a)/rxonta th\n e)/ndeicin a)pofe/rei, i(/n' u(peu/qunos h)=| th=s yeudou=s
e)ndei/cews.
kai\ au(/th me\n gi/netai peri\ tw=n ou) paro/ntwn, h( de\
a)pagwgh/, o(/tan tis o(\n e)/stin e)ndei/casqai mh\ paro/nta, tou=ton par
o/nta e)p' au)tofw/rw| labw\n a)paga/gh|.
o( de\ ki/ndunos e)n xili/ais.
ma/lista de\ tou\s o)fei/lontas tw=| dhmosi/w| e)nedei/knusan, h)\ tou\s kat
io/ntas o(/poi mh\ e)/cestin, h)\ tou\s a)ndrofo/nous.
e)fhgei=sqai de/ e)stin,
o(/tan tis di' a)sqe/neian a)pagagei=n ou) qarrw=n e)pa/gh| to\n a)/rxonta
e)p' oi)ki/an ou(= tis tou/twn a)pokru/ptetai.
a)ndrolh/yion de/: o(/tan
tis tou\s a)ndrofo/nous katafugo/ntas w(/s tinas a)paitw=n mh\ lam
ba/nh|, e)/cestin e)k tw=n ou)k e)kdido/ntwn a)/xri triw=n a)pagagei=n.
o( de\
a)di/kws a)ndrolhyi/a| kexrhme/nos ou)k a)neu/qunos h)=n.
h( d' ei)s
aggeli/a te/taktai e)pi\ tw=n a)gra/fwn dhmosi/wn a)dikhma/twn.
kata\
to\n no/mon to\n ei)saggeltiko/n ....
(a)mfote/rws ga\r le/gousin
), o(\s
kei=tai ....
peri\ w(=n ou)k ei)si\ no/moi, a)dikw=n de/ tis a(li/sketai h)\
a)/rxwn h)\ r(h/twr, ei)s th\n boulh\n ei)saggeli/a di/dotai kat' au)tou=,
ka)\n me\n me/tria a)dikei=n dokh=|, h( boulh\ poiei=tai zhmi/as e)pibolh/n,
a)\n de\ mei/zw, paradi/dwsi dikasthri/w|: to\ de\ ti/mhma, o(/ ti xrh\ pa
qei=n h)\ a)poti=sai.
e)gi/nonto de\ ei)saggeli/ai kai\ kata\ tw=n kataluo/n
twn to\n dh=mon r(hto/rwn, h)\ mh\ ta\ a)/rista tw=| dh/mw| lego/ntwn, h)\
pro\s tou\s polemi/ous a)/neu tou= pemfqh=nai a)pelqo/ntwn, h)\ prodo/n
twn frou/rion h)\ stratia\n h)\ nau=s, w(s *qeo/frastos e)n tw=| prw/tw|
peri\ *no/mwn.
o(/ti de\ o( ei)saggei/las kai\ ou)x e(lw\n a)zh/mios h)=n, *(uper
ei/dhs e)n tw=| u(pe\r *luko/fronos
(kai/toi ge o( *qeo/fra
stos tou\s me\n a)/llas grafa\s grayame/nous xili/as t' o)fliska/nein,
ei) to\ pe/mpton tw=n yh/fwn mh\ katala/boien, kai\ prosatimou=sqai,
tou\s de\ ei)sagge/llontas mh\ a)timou=sqai me/n, o)flei=n de\ ta\s xili/as:
e)/oike de\ tou=to dia\ tou\s r(a|di/ws ei)sagge/llontas u(/steron prosge
gra/fqai.
*dhmosqe/nhs de\ e)n tw=| kata\ *me/dontos
(
kata\ tw=n mh\ proshko/ntws th=| e)piklh/rw| sunoikou/ntwn gi/nesqai ta\s
ei)saggeli/as le/gei.
xi/lioi de\ kata\ me\n to\n *so/lwna ta\s ei)sagge
li/as e)/krinon, kata\ de\ to\n *falhre/a kai\ pro\s pentako/sioi.
a)gra
fi/ou de\ kathgorou=ntai oi(/tines a)\n e(autou\s e)k tw=n e)ggegramme/
nwn e)calei/fwsin.
kai\ a)logi/ou de\ di/kh h)=n kata\ tw=n ou)k a)po
dido/ntwn logismou\s w(=n a)\n diaxeiri/swsin.
e)/sti de\ e)k tw=n dikastikw=n o)noma/twn prowmosi/a a)ntwmosi/a diw
mosi/a, e)cwmosi/a a)pwmosi/a, u(pwmosi/a, paragrafh/, a)ntigrafh/ a)nti
laxei=n, e)cou/lhs di/kh, mh\ ou)=sa di/kh, e)rh/mhn o)flei=n, e)nepiskh/yasqai,
pro/sklhsis, e)/fesis, e)/kklhtoi di/kai, a)po\ sumbo/lwn dika/zesqai, e)mpori
kai\ di/kai, a)ti/mhtos di/kh, diayh/fisis.
prowmosi/a me\n o(/rkos o(\n
o( kath/goros proomnu/ei, h)=n mh\n a)lhqh= kathgorei=n, a)ntwmosi/a de\
o(/rkos o(\n o( kathgorou/menos a)ntomnu/ei, h)= mh\n mh\ a)dikei=n, diwmo
si/a de\ o( par' e(kate/rou o(/rkos.
e)cwmosi/a de/, o(/tan tis h)\ presbeu
th\s ai(reqei\s h)\ e)p' a)/llhn tina\ dhmosi/an u(phresi/an, a)rrwstei=n h)\
a)dunatei=n fa/skwn e)comnu/htai au)to\s h)\ di' e(te/rou.
e)cw/mnunto, de\
kai\ oi( klhqe/ntes ma/rtures, ei) fa/skoien mhde\n e)pi/stasqai tou/
twn e)f' a(\ e)kalou=nto.
h( d' a)pwmosi/a e)gi/neto para\ tw=n a)ntile
go/ntwn pro\s tou\s e)comnume/nous e)pi\ profa/sei a)rrwsti/as h)\ a)pou
si/as.
sunistame/nhs de\ peri\ tou/tou di/khs, to\ para\ tou= kri/nontos
e)/rgon a)pwmosi/a e)kalei=to.
u(pwmosi/a de/ e)stin, o(/tan tis h)\ yh/fisma
h)\ no/mon grafe/nta gra/yhtai w(s a)nepith/deion: tou=to ga\r u(pomo/
sasqai le/gousin.
kai\ ou)k h)=n meta\ th\n u(pwmosi/an to\ grafe/n, pri\n
kriqh=nai, ku/rion.
paragrafh\ d' h)=n h( au)th\ kai\ diamarturi/a, o(/tan
tis mh\ ei)sagw/gimon le/gh| ei)=nai th\n di/khn h)\ w(s kekrime/nos h)\
diai/ths gegenhme/nhs h)\ w(s a)feime/nos, h)\ w(s tw=n xro/nwn e)ch
ko/ntwn e)n oi(=s e)/dei kri/nesqai ....
oi(=on ou)k ei)saggeli/as a)lla\ para
no/mwn, ou) dhmosi/a| a)ll' i)di/a|, h)\ w(s ou) para\ tou/tois kri/nesqai de/on,
oi(=on ou)k e)n *)arei/w| pa/gw| a)ll' e)pi\ *palladi/w|.
a)/graptos de\ di/kh
e)kalei=to h( u(po\ th=s paragrafh=s a)naireqei=sa kai\ diagrafei=sa.
a)ntigrafh\ de/, o(/tan tis krino/menos a)ntikathgorh=|.
kai\ h( para
grafh\ de\ a)ntigrafh=| e)/oiken: dio\ kai\ proeise/rxetai.
o( d' a)ntigraya/
menos mh\ krath/sas th\n e)pwbeli/an proswfli/skanen.
ti/qentai de\ to\
th=s a)ntigrafh=s o)/noma kai\ kata\ tw=n a)pantw/ntwn pro\s ta\s grafa/s,
kai\ e)/sti pro\s th\n grafh\n to\ tou= feu/gontos gra/mma a)ntigrafh/, oi(=on
"ta\ yeudh= mou katemartu/rhse *ste/fanos, gra/yas ta\ e)n tw=| gramma
tei/w|"
(h( de\ th=s e)cou/lhs di/kh gi/netai, o(/tan tis to\n
e)k dhmosi/ou pria/menon mh\ e)a=| karpou=sqai a(\ e)pri/ato, h)\ to\n nikh/santa
a(\ e)ni/khsen, a)ll' h)\ e)/xonta e)kba/llh| h)\ sxei=n kwlu/sh|, h)\ au)to\s o(
o)flw\n h)\ a)/llos u(pe\r au)tou=.
kai\ mh\n kai\ ei) o( me\n w(s e)wnh
me/nos a)mfisbhtei= kth/matos, o( de\ w(s u(poqh/khn e)/xwn, e)cou/lhs h(
di/kh.
h( de\ mh\ ou)=sa di/kh ou(/tws w)noma/zeto: o(po/tan tis para\ di
aithtai=s paragraya/menos, kai\ u(pomosa/menos no/son h)\ a)podhmi/an, ei)s
th\n kuri/an mh\ a)panth/sas e)rh/mhn o)/flh|, e)ch=n e)nto\s de/ka h(merw=n
th\n mh\ ou)=san a)ntilaxei=n, kai\ h( e)rh/mh e)lu/eto, w(s e)c a)rxh=s e)lqei=n
e)pi\ diaithth/n.
ei) de\ mh\ e(/loi th\n mh\ ou)=san, o)mo/sas mh\ e(kw\n e)kli
pei=n th\n di/aitan, ku/ria ta\ diaithqe/nta e)gi/neto: o(/qen e)gguhta\s kaq
i/stasan tou= e)kti/smatos.
a)ntilaxei=n de\ di/khn e)ch=n, o(po/te tis
mh\ parw\n e)n dikasthri/w| katakhruxqei\s kai\ mh\ u(pakou/wn e)rh/mhn
o)/floi.
a)ntilaxei=n de\ du/o e)nto\s mhnw=n u(ph=rxen.
ei) de\ mh\ tou=to
sxoi/h, to\ e)ggegramme/non w)=fle kai\ a)/timos h)=n.
e)nepiskh/yasqai
d' h)=n, o(po/te tis e)n toi=s dhmeuqei=sin e(autw=| ti o)fei/lesqai h)\ pros
h/kein le/goi: kai\ to\ pra=gma e)nepi/skhmma e)kalei=to.
pro/s
klhsis d' e)sti\n e)pi\ tw=n a)mfisbhtou/ntwn klh/rou h)\ e)piklh/rou: o( ga\r
a)mfisbhtw=n proskalei=tai to\n e)pidedikasme/non pro\s to\n a)/rxonta: ei)
de\ mh\ proskale/saito, a)telh\s h( di/kh.
au(=tai de\ e)le/gonto a)pro/sklhtoi
di/kai.
pro/klhsis d' e)sti\ lu/sis th=s di/khs e)pi/ tini w(risme/nw| o(/rkw| h)\
marturi/a| h)\ basa/nw| h)\ a)/llw| tini\ toiou/tw|.
e)/fesis de/ e)stin, o(/tan
tis a)po\ diaithtw=n h)\ a)rxo/ntwn h)\ dhmotw=n e)pi\ dikasth\n e)fh=|, h)\
a)po\ boulh=s e)pi\ dh=mon, h)\ a)po\ dh/mou e)pi\ dikasth/rion, h)\ a)po\ dika
stw=n e)pi\ ceniko\n dikasth/rion: e)fe/simos d' w)noma/zeto h( di/kh.
au(=tai
de\ kai\ e)/kklhtoi di/kai e)kalou=nto.
to\ de\ parakataballo/menon e)pi\ tw=n
e)fe/sewn, o(/per oi( nu=n parabo/lion kalou=si, para/bolon *)aristofa/nhs
(e)mporikai\ de\ di/kai e)/mmhnoi ai( tw=n e)mpo/rwn h)\
tw=n peri\ to\ e)mpo/rion.
a)po\ sumbo/lwn d' e)/stin o(/te oi( su/mmaxoi
e)dika/zonto.
a)ti/mhtos de\ di/kh, h(\n ou)k e)/stin u(potimh/sasqai, a)lla\ to
sou/tou teti/mhtai o(/sou e)pige/graptai.
diayh/fisis d' h)=n to\ tou\s
dhmo/tas th\n yh=fon u(pe\r tw=n pareggegra/fqai dokou/ntwn e)negkei=n.
prosqete/on de\ toi=s ei)rhme/nois kai\ ta/de, di/aita, diaithth/s, sun
diaithth\s w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(diaita=n diaita=sqai, dih/|
thsen dedih|thme/non, katedih/|thsen a)podedih|thme/nh, diaith/simon w(s
*)isai=os
(
e(lo/ntos e)n th=| diai/th|.
do/ru e)pi\ th=| e)kfora=| e)pi\ tw=n biai/ws a)poqano/ntwn e)pefe/reto.
kai\ ai( proqe/seis de\ dia\ tou=to e)gi/nonto, w(s o(rw=|to o( nekro/s, mh/ ti
bi/aion pe/ponqen.
kh=dos de\ to\ pe/nqos, kai\ oi( e)pi\ th\n oi)ki/an tou=
penqou=ntos a)fiknou/menoi e)cio/ntes e)kaqai/ronto u(/dati perirraino/menoi:
to\ de\ prou/keito e)n a)ggei/w| kerame/w|, e)c a)/llhs oi)ki/as kekomisme/non
to\ u(/dwr, to\ d' o)/strakon e)kalei=to a)rda/nion.
h( d' e)pi\ tw=| pe/nqei
su/nodos peri/deipnon.
tw=n d' a)ga/mwn loutrofo/ros tw=| mnh/mati
e)fi/stato, ko/rh a)ggei=on e)/xousa u(drofo/ron, u(dri/an h)\ pro/xoun h)\ krws
so\n h)\ ka/lpin.
th\n de\ e)fistame/nhn ei)ko/na, ei)/te loutrofo/ros ei)/h ei)/te
a)/llh tis, e)pi/sthma *)isai=os
(ei)/rgonto de\ i(erw=n
kai\ a)gora=s oi( e)n kathgori/a| fo/nou a)/xri kri/sews: kai\ tou=to proa
go/reusis e)kalei=to.
le/getai d' o( kath/goros kai\ diw/kwn, kri/nwn, kathgorw=n, eu)
qu/nwn, ai)tiw/menos, graya/menos, kai\ h( kathgori/a di/wcis, eu)/quna, ai)ti/a,
kri/sis, grafh/, e)paggeli/a.
kai\ *)isai=os
(
pa/lin dika/zesqai.
o( de\ kathgorou/menos krino/menos, diwko/menos, eu)
quno/menos, a)pologou/menos, o( e)n ai)ti/a|, grafei/s, feu/gwn.
kai\ feu/gein
to\ kri/nesqai, kathgorei=sqai, a)pologei=sqai, grafh=nai, e)n ai)ti/a| ei)=nai.
kai\ e)pi\ me\n tou= kathgorou=ntos ei)/pois a)\n ei(=len, h)/legce dih/legcen
e)ch/legcen, a)pe/deicen pare/sthse toi=s dika/zousin, e)pi\ de\ tou= a)po
logoume/nou a)pelogh/sato, a)pelu/qh w(s *)antifw=n
(
a)pelu/sato ta\s ai)ti/as: ka)kei=nos me\n a)pe/fhnen u(pai/tion u(po/dikon
u(peu/qunon, e)/noxon u(/poxon, h)dikhko/ta, kekakourghko/ta, o( de\ e(auto\n
a)pe/deicen a)neu/qunon a)nai/tion a)nupai/tion, sesukofanthme/non, kaqaro/n,
e)/cw th=s ai)ti/as, a)nepi/lhpton, a)nepi/klhton w(s *cenofw=n
(
a)f' ou(= to\ a)nepiklh/tws *qoukudi/dhs
(*dhmosqe/nhs
(
ii 13, xiii 2
ou)de\ th\n a)rxh\n e)gklhqe/ntwn a(rmo/ttei.
e)pi\ me\n ou)=n tou= a)/ntikrus
e)legxqe/ntos ei)rh/setai e)p' au)th=| th=| fwra=|, e)p' au)tofw/rw|, e)lh/fqh,
katefwra/qh: e)pi\ de\ tou= u(popteuqe/ntos, e)c u(ponoi/as, e)c u(poyi/as,
ei)ko/twn, shmei/wn, tekmhri/wn, sumbo/lwn.
ta\ de\ timh/mata zhmi/a, fugh/, a)timi/a, qa/natos, desmo/s, sti/gmata,
sth/lh.
kai\ a)po\ me\n th=s zhmi/as zhmiou=n e)zhmi/wsai zhmiw=des e)pizh/mion:
a)po\ de\ tou= fugh\ fuga/s feu/gein fugadeuqh=nai, diwxqh=nai
(*(uper
ei/dhs
(
tur
mwqei/s, a)/timos a)ti/mws, w(/sper ta)nanti/a e)pitimi/a e)pi/timos e)piti/mws:
a)po\ de\ qana/tou e)qanatw/qh e)qana/twsan, a)pe/kteinan, a)nei=lon, a)pe/
sfacan, a)ph=gcan, a)petumpa/nisan, katekrh/mnisan, kata\ krhmnou=
w)=san.
e)k de\ tou/tou a)\n ei)/h kai\ to\ nhpoini\ teqna/nai.
o( de\ para
lamba/nwn tou\s a)nairoume/nous kalei=tai dh/mios, dhmo/koinos, o( pro\s
tw=| o)ru/gmati o( e)pi\ tw=| o)ru/gmati: kai\ ta\ e)rgalei=a au)tou= ci/fos,
bro/xos, tu/mpanon, fa/rmakon, kw/neion.
a)po\ de\ desmou= dh=sai, de
smou= prostimh=sai, dede/sqai, desmw/ths desma/, desmwth/rion, e)mblhqh=nai
ei)s to\ desmwth/rion, e)mpesei=n ei)saxqh=nai a)paxqh=nai, katateqh=nai, kai\
e)mbalei=n, ei)sagagei=n a)pagagei=n, ei)=rcai, kataklei=sai, kataqe/sqai, dei=n
katadei=n, desmeu/ein w(s *)isai=os
(
turei)rx
qh=nai e)n cu/lw|, e)n th=| podoka/kh|.
ei)rgmo/s ei)rkth/, desmwth/rion, oi)/khma,
froura/ frou/rion frourei=sqai.
tw=| dede/sqai d' a)\n prosh/koi kai\ to\
para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
a)de/smw| froura=|.
e)n de\ tw=| desmwthri/w| kai\ pentesu/riggon ti cu/lon
e)kalei=to.
kai\ strofai=os e)n tw=| oi)kh/mati qeo\s para\ to\n strofe/a i(dru
me/nos: qeo/s e)sti d' *(ermh=s.
kai\ sfalo\s de\ to\ desmwtiko\n cu/lon e)ka
lei=to, a(llo/menon, w(=| e)di/skeuon e)k kalw|di/ou h)rthme/nw|.
a)po\ de\ tou=
sti/zein sti/gmata, sti/cas stixqei/s, stigmati/as.
a)po\ de\ th=s sth/lhs e)n
e/grayan, e)sthli/teusan, e)sthliteume/nos katesthliteume/nos, e)sthlo
kophme/nos: ou(/tw ga\r *(uperei/dhs
(
kai\ e)pi\ me\n tou= katadikasqe/ntos h(/lw e(a/lw, h(|re/qh kaqh|re/qh,
a(lw/simos a(lou/s, a(li/skesqai a(lisko/menos, katedika/sqh, h(tth/qh, kate
gnw/sqh, kai\ ta\ pra/gmata ai(/resis, katadi/kh, kata/gnwsis, kai\ o( a)nh\r
kata/dikos: a)po\ me\n tou/tou mo/nou o)/noma, ta\ d' a)/lla metoxai/.
e)pi\
de\ tou= kathgo/rou krath/santos ei(=le kaqei=le, katedika/sato, e)ch/legcen.
e)pi\ de\ tou= krinome/nou nikh/santos a)pe/fugen, a)fei/qh, a)pe/gnw au)tou=
to\ dikasth/rion, a)peyhfi/sato, a)fh=ken, a)ph/llacen, a)ne/legktos e)/meine,
kaqaro\s ei)=nai e)gnw/sqh, a)nai/tios.
ka)pi\ me\n tou= a)nelo/ntos r(hte/on a)nei=len, a)pe/kteinen a)pe/ktonen,
a)pe/sfacen, a)pexrh/sato diexrh/sato, kaqei=len, e)dolofo/nhsen, a)nelw/n,
a)posfa/cas, a)poktei/nas, a)poxrhsa/menos diaxrhsa/menos, kaqelw/n,
dolofonh/sas: e)pi\ de\ tou= a)naireqe/ntos a)nh|re/qh, a)pesfa/gh, kaqh|re/qh,
e)dolofonh/qh, kai\ a)naireqei/s, a)posfagei/s, kaqaireqei/s, dolofonhqei/s.
to\ d' e)/rgon sfagh/, a)nai/resis, fo/nos, miaifoni/a.
e)pi\ de\ tou= u(bri/
santos u(bristh/s, u(perh/fanos, u(pero/pths, a)selgh/s, e)paxqh/s, a)fei
dh/s, pro/xeiros, propeth/s, pa/roinos, baru/s, u(bri/zwn e)cubri/zwn kaqu
bri/zwn u(perubri/zwn, a)selgai/nwn e)naselgai/nwn, paroinw=n, u(bri
stiko/s, ai)kistiko/s, u(peroptiko/s.
kai\ u(bristikw=s, u(peroptikw=s, a)selgw=s,
paroi/nws, bare/ws, ai)kistikw=s, a)feidw=s, proxei/rws, propetw=s.
u(/brisen
e)cu/brisen, h)se/lghsen, e)parw/|nhsen, h)|ki/sato, e)tu/pthse, plhgai=s e)/koye,
kathlo/hse, plhga\s e)netri/yato, e)/paisen, e)pa/tacen, h)=gcen, h)/racen,
pu\c e)pa/tace, la\c e)nh/lato.
*(uperei/dhs
(
zein e)/fh, kai\ to\ paqei=n konduli/zesqai: o( d' au)to\s kai\ pro\s to\ pro/s
wpon prosptu/ein.
kai\ a)postre/fein ta\s xei=ras.
*pla/twn
(
patw=n e)mphdw=n, plh/ttwn, tu/ptwn, sugko/ptwn, pai/wn, pata/sswn,
a)ra/sswn, u(poskeli/zwn, e)nallo/menos, ai)kizo/menos, tou\s o)fqalmou\s e)c
oru/ttwn, to\ pro/swpon suntri/bwn, ta\s gna/qous pararrhgnu/s, a)/gxwn,
a)popni/gwn, lakti/zwn.
to\ xei=los die/sxise, die/koye to\ ble/faron.
kai\
lo/gw| e)pi\ tou= u(bristou=, ou) duna/menos kate/xein par' e(autw=| tw\
xei=re, tw=n xeirw=n a)krath/s, ou)deno\s feido/menos, ou)deno\s a)pexo/
menos, kondu/lois pai/wn, e)pi\ ko/rrhs tu/ptwn, pu\c pai/wn, la\c e)nallo/
menos, ou) kate/xwn to\n logismo/n, e)pitre/pwn pa/nta tw=| qumw=|, th\n
e)cousi/an tw=| bou/lesqai metrw=n, a)peri/skeptos tw=n no/mwn, e)peggelw=n
katagelw=n, e)pixleua/zwn, e)pikatamwkw/menos.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata ge/lws
kata/gelws, xleuasmo/s xleuasi/a: xleu/h ga\r le/getai me\n para\ polloi=s,
e)gw\ d' ou)k oi)=d' eu(rw/n.
kai\ kat' a)/llhn i)de/an ta\ u(brisme/na au)tw=|
e)cubrisme/na ta\ peparw|nhme/na, ta\ h)selghme/na ta\ parhnomhme/na.
e)/sti d' e)pi\ tou= paqo/ntos ei)pei=n u(/bristai, h)se/lghtai e)nhse/lghtai,
peparw/|nhtai e)mpeparw/|nhtai, h)/|kistai kath/|kistai, tetu/pthtai, dia
ke/koptai, e)p' o)li/ghs th=s r(oph=s e)sti/n, e)cw/ruktai tw\ o)fqalmw/, para
te/qraustai ta\s pleura/s, u(/faimo/s e)stin, e)cai/mwn, u(perw|dhkw/s, u(pw/
pios, u(pope/lidnos, e)/xwn e)pi\ tou= prosw/pou ta\ i)/xnh tw=n plhgw=n,
ta\ shmei=a th=s u(/brews, ta\ dei/gmata, ta\ su/mbola, ta\ tekmh/ria.
ou)k
oi)=d' ei) biw/simo/s e)stin: o)li/gas e)lpi/das e)/xei tou= zh=n, e)pi\ qana/tw| tug
xa/nei diakei/menos.
kai\ u(brisme/nos, h)selghme/nos, peparw|nhme/nos
sugkekomme/nos, kath|kisme/nos.
ta\ de\ tou= pra/gmatos o)no/mata
u(/bris u(bri/smata, a)se/lgeia, paroini/a, u(perhfani/a, u(peroyi/a,
prope/teia baru/ths, plhgai/, ai)ki/ai ai)kismo/s, prophla
kismo/s.
kakh/goros, kakolo/gos ai)sxrolo/gos, bla/sfhmos, loi/doros
filoloi/doros, kakorrh/mwn ai)sxrorrh/mwn.
kakhgori/a, kako
logi/a, blasfhmi/a, kakorrhmosu/nh ai)sxrorrhmosu/nh, loidori/a
kakw=s ei)pei=n, kakw=s a)goreu=sai, blasfhmh=sai, kakhgorh=sai w(s
*(uperei/dhs
(
ei)pei=n.
kai\ o( toiou=tos glw/tths ou) kratw=n, a)krath\s glw/tths, pro/
xeiros th\n glw=ttan, kai\ glw=tta kakh/goros, ou)deno\s r(h/matos feido/
menos, ou)de\n r(h=ma ai)sxuno/menos, a)feidh\s th\n glw=ttan eu)xerh/s,
r(a/|dios, o)lisqhro/s.
kai\ ta\ e)pirrh/mata kakhgo/rws, blasfh/mws, fau
lorrhmo/nws.
filoloido/rws filoge/lws kakorrhmo/nws ai)
sxrorrhmo/nws: to\ de\ kakolo/gws kai\ ai)sxrolo/gws sklhra/, w(s
loido/rws eu)tele/s.
o( d' a)dikhqei\s kakw=s a)kou/sas, kakologh
qei/s, kakhgorhqei/s, ta\ xei/rista a)kou/sas, ta\ ai)/sxista.
*skuri/an de\ di/khn o)noma/zousin oi( kwmw|dodida/skaloi
(
`92 ko
h)\ *lh=mnon a)podhmei=n.
*)arxh/, a)/rxwn a)/rxein, e)/carxos, a)rxhgo/s, a)rxiko/s.
e)c
a/rxwn e)ca/rxein, suna/rxwn suna/rxein.
a)rxhge/ths kai\ qh
lukw=s h( a)rxhge/tis.
a)rxairesi/as kai\ a)rxairesia/zonta w(s *)isai=os
(a)narxi/a.
a)rxiqewro/s, a)rxiqewri/a kai\ h( a)rxiqew/
rhsis w(s *)isai=os
(
a)rxiqewrh/sein w(s *)isai=os
(a)rxei=a a)rxidi/ois w(s
*dhmosqe/nhs
(e)pa/rxein
e)pa/rcasqai, kata/rxein: kata/rxesqai de\ e)pi\ qusi/as.
a)parxa/s, a)pa/r
gmata.
*deina/rxou
(
e)nh=rktai
ta\ kana=.
u(/parxos.
*dhmosqe/nhs de\ e)c a)rxh=s kai\ a)p' a)rxh=s kai\ kat'
a)rxa/s.
ei)/pois d' a)\n e)pi\ me\n th=s a)rxh=s kai\ h(gemoni/a, prostasi/a,
basilei/a, despotei/a, dunastei/a, monarxi/a, turanni/s, e)pime/leia,
strathgi/a.
to\n de\ a)/rxonta e)/carxon, h(gemo/na prohgemo/na,
prosta/thn, despo/thn, basile/a, e)pimelhth/n, a(rmosth/n, u(/parxon, sa
tra/phn, strathgo/n, au)tokra/tora, tu/rannon, duna/sthn, mo/narxon,
e)/foron e)po/pthn e)pi/skopon, kai\ to\ a)/rxein h(gei=sqai, kratei=n, des
po/zein, prostatei=n.
a)rxo/ntwn de\ tw=n *)aqh/nhsin o)no/mata oi( e)nne/a a)/rxontes.
ei)si\ de\ o( tou= e)niautou= e)pw/numos, a)/rxwn basileu/s, pole/marxos
kai\ qesmoqe/tai e(/c: e)k tou/twn ga\r oi( e)nne/a sumplhrou=ntai e)kalei=to
de/ tis qesmoqetw=n a)na/krisis, ei) *)aqhnai=oi/ ei)sin e(kate/rwqen e)k trigo
ni/as, kai\ tw=n dh/mwn po/qen, kai\ ei) *)apo/llwn e)/stin au)toi=s patrw=|os
kai\ *zeu\s e(/rkios, kai\ ei) tou\s gone/as eu)= poiou=si, kai\ ei) e)stra/teuntai
u(pe\r th=s patri/dos, kai\ ei) to\ ti/mhma e)/stin au)toi=s.
e)phrw/ta d' h(
boulh/, w)/mnuon d' ou(=toi pro\s th=| basilei/w| stoa=|, e)pi\ tou= li/qou e)f' w(=|
ta\ tamiei=a, fula/cein tou\s no/mous kai\ mh\ dwrodokh/sein, h)\ xru
sou=n a)ndria/nta a)poti/sein.
ei)=ta e)nteu=qen ei)s a)kro/polin a)nelqo/ntes
w)/mnuon tau)ta/.
murri/nh| de\ e)stefa/nwnto, kai\ koinh=| me\n e)/xousin e)c
ousi/an qana/tou, e)a/n tis kati/h| o(/poi mh\ e)/cesti, kai\ klhrou=n dikasta\s
kai\ a)qloqe/tas, e(/na kata\ fulh\n e(ka/sthn, kai\ strathgou\s xeirotonei=n
e)c a(pa/ntwn, kai\ kaq' e(ka/sthn prutanei/an e)perwta=n ei) dokei= kalw=s
a)/rxein e(/kastos_to\n d' a)poxeirotonhqe/nta kri/nousin_kai\ i(ppa/r
xous du/o kai\ fula/rxous de/ka kai\ tacia/rxous de/ka kai\ koinh=|
me\n tau=ta: i)di/a| de\ oi( me\n qesmoqe/tai progra/fousi po/te dei= dika/zein
ta\ dikasth/ria, kai\ ta\s ei)saggeli/as ei)sagge/llousin ei)s to\n dh=mon kai\
ta\s xeirotoni/as, kai\ ta\s probola\s ei)sa/gousi kai\ ta\s tw=n parano/mwn
grafa/s, kai\ ei)/ tis mh\ e)pith/deion no/mon gra/yeien, kai\ strathgoi=s eu)
qu/nas.
gi/nontai de\ pro\s au)tou\s xrafai\ ceni/as, dwroceni/as dw/rwn,
sukofanti/as, yeudoklhtei/as, yeudeggrafh=s, bouleu/sews, a)grafi/ou,
moixei/as.
ei)sa/gousi de\ kai\ dokimasi/as tai=s a)rxai=s, kai\ tou\s a)peyh
fisme/nous, kai\ ta\s e)k th=s boulh=s katagnw/seis, kai\ di/kas e)mporika\s
kai\ metallika/s, kai\ e)a\n dou=los kakw=s a)goreu/h| to\n e)leu/qeron, kai\
tai=s a)rxai=s e)piklhrou=si ta\ dikasth/ria ta/ te i)/dia kai\ ta\ dhmo/sia,
kai\ ta\ su/mbola ta\ pro\s ta\s po/leis kurou=si, kai\ di/kas ta\s a)po\ sum
bo/lwn ei)sa/gousi, kai\ ta\s tw=n yeudomarturiw=n tw=n e)c *)arei/ou
pa/gou.
o( de\ a)/rxwn diati/qhsi me\n *dionu/sia kai\ *qargh/lia meta\ tw=n
e)pimelhtw=n, di/kai de\ pro\s au)to\n lagxa/nontai kakw/sews, paranoi/as,
ei)s diaithtw=n ai(/resin, e)pitroph=s o)rfanw=n, e)pitro/pwn katasta/seis, klh/
rwn kai\ e)piklh/rwn e)pidikasi/ai.
e)pimelei=tai de\ kai\ tw=n gunaikw=n
ai(\ a)\n fw=sin e)p' a)ndro\s teleuth=| ku/ein, kai\ tou\s oi)/kous e)kmisqoi= tw=n
o)rfanw=n.
e)/sti d' e)pw/numos ou(=tos, kai\ a)p' au)tou= o( xro/nos a)riqmei=
tai.
o( de\ basileu\s musthri/wn proe/sthke meta\ tw=n e)pimelhtw=n
kai\ *lhnai/wn kai\ a)gw/nwn tw=n e)pi\ lampa/di, kai\ ta\ peri\ ta\s patri/ous
qusi/as dioikei=: di/kai de\ pro\s au)to\n lagxa/nontai a)sebei/as, i(erwsu/nhs
a)mfisbhth/sews.
kai\ toi=s ge/nesi kai\ toi=s i(ereu=si pa=sin au)to\s dika/zei,
kai\ ta\s tou= fo/nou di/kas ei)s *)/areion pa/gon ei)sa/gei, kai\ to\n ste/fanon
a)poqe/menos su\n au)toi=s dika/zei.
proagoreu/ei de\ toi=s e)n ai)ti/a| a)p
e/xesqai musthri/wn kai\ tw=n a)/llwn nomi/mwn.
dika/zei de\ kai\ ta\s tw=n
a)yu/xwn di/kas.
th\n de\ sunoikou=san au)tw=| basi/lissan kalou=sin.
o( de\
pole/marxos qu/ei me\n *)arte/midi a)grote/ra| kai\ tw=| *)enuali/w|, diati/
qhsi de\ to\n e)pita/fion a)gw=na tw=n e)n pole/mw| a)poqano/ntwn, kai\
toi=s peri\ *(armo/dion e)nagi/zei.
di/kai de\ pro\s au)to\n lagxa/nontai met
oi/kwn i)sotelw=n proce/nwn: kai\ diane/mei to\ laxo/n, e(ka/sth| fulh=| me/ros,
to\ me\n diaithtai=s paradidou/s, ei)sa/gwn de\ di/kas a)postasi/ou a)prosta
si/ou klh/rwn metoi/kwn.
pa/redroi d' o)noma/zontai ou(\s ai(rou=ntai a)/rxwn kai\ basileu\s kai\
pole/marxos, du/o e(/kastos ou(\s bou/letai.
dokimasqh=nai d' au)tou\s e)xrh=n
e)n toi=s pentakosi/ois, ei)=t' e)n dikasthri/w|.
prosairou=ntai de\ kai\ gram
mate/a, o(\s e)nno/mw| dikasthri/w| kri/netai.
ei)sagwgh=s: a)rxh=s klhrwth=s o)/noma: ou(=toi de\ ta\s di/kas ei)sh=gon
pro\s tou\s diaithta/s.
a)qloqe/tai de/ka me/n ei)sin, ei(=s kata\ fulh/n, dokimasqe/ntes de\
a)/rxousin e)/th te/ttara e)pi\ tw=| diaqei=nai ta\ *panaqh/naia, to/n te mou
siko\n kai\ to\n gumniko\n a)gw=na kai\ th\n i(ppodromi/an.
i(/pparxoi de\ du/o e)c a(pa/ntwn *)aqhnai/wn ai(reqe/ntes e)pime
lou=ntai tw=n pole/mwn.
oi( de\ fu/larxoi de/ka, ei(=s a)po\ fulh=s e(ka/
sths, tw=n i(ppe/wn proi/+stantai, kaqa/per oi( taci/arxoi tw=n o(plitw=n.
nomofu/lakes e)stefa/nwntai me\n strofi/w| leukw=|, th\n de\ pom
ph\n pe/mpousi th=| qew=|, toi=s de\ proe/drois e)n e)kklhsi/ais sugkaqi/zousin,
diakwlu/ontes e)pixeirotonei=n o(/sa mh\ sumfe/rei.
pruta/neis.
ou(=toi th\n boulh\n suna/gousin o(shme/rai, plh\n a)/n
tis a)/fetos h)=|, to\n de\ dh=mon tetra/kis e(ka/sths prutanei/as: kai\ pro
gra/fousi pro\ th=s boulh=s kai\ pro\ th=s e)kklhsi/as u(pe\r w(=n dei= xrh
mati/zein.
tw=n d' e)kklhsiw=n h( me\n kuri/a, e)n h(=| ta\s a)rxa\s e)pixeiro
tonou=sin, ei) kalw=s a)/rxousin, h)\ a)poxeirotonou=sin: e)n h(=| kai\ ta\s ei)s
aggeli/as o( boulo/menos ei)sagge/llei, kai\ ta\s a)pografa\s tw=n dhmeuo
me/nwn a)naginw/skousin oi( pro/dikoi, kai\ ta\s lh/ceis tw=n klh/rwn.
h( de\
deute/ra e)kklhsi/a a)nei=tai toi=s boulome/nois, i(kethri/an qeme/nois, le/gein
a)dew=s peri/ te tw=n i)di/wn kai\ tw=n dhmosi/wn: h( de\ tri/th kh/ruci kai\
presbei/ais a)cioi= xrhmati/zein, ou(\s dei= pro/teron toi=s pruta/nesin a)po
dou=nai ta\ gra/mmata, h( de\ teta/rth peri\ i(erw=n kai\ o(si/wn.
o( d'
e)pista/ths kalou/meno/s e)stin ei(=s tw=n pruta/newn, o( klh/rw| la
xw/n: di\s d' ou)k e)/cesti gene/sqai to\n au)to\n e)pista/thn.
e)/xei de\ ou(=tos
ta\s klei=s tw=n i(erw=n e)n oi(=s ta\ xrh/mata kai\ ta\ gra/mmata.
kai\ o(/tan
oi( pruta/neis to\n dh=mon h)\ th\n boulh\n sunaga/gwsin, ou(=tos e)c e(ka/
sths fulh=s pro/edron e(/na klhroi=, mo/nhn th\n prutaneu/ousan a)fiei/s.
a)pode/ktai de\ h)=san de/ka, oi(\ tou/s te fo/rous kai\ ta\s ei)s
fora\s kai\ ta\ te/lh u(pede/xonto, kai\ ta\ peri\ tou/twn a)mfisbhtou/mena
e)di/kazon.
ei) de/ ti mei=zon ei)/h, ei)sh=gon ei)s dikasth/rion.
tami/ai th=s qeou= klhrwtoi\ me\n e)k pentakosiomedi/mnwn h)=san,
ta\ de\ xrh/mata parela/mbanon th=s boulh=s parou/shs.
e)kalou=nto d'
ou(=toi kwlakre/tai.
ei)=xon d' e)cousi/an kai\ zhmi/an a)felei=n, ei) a)di/kws
u(po\ tw=n a)rxo/ntwn e)piblhqei/h.
grammateu\s o( kata\ prutanei/an klhrwqei\s u(po\ th=s boulh=s
e)pi\ tw=| ta\ gra/mmata fula/ttein kai\ ta\ yhfi/smata, kai\ e(/teros
e)pi\ tou\s no/mous u(po\ th=s boulh=s xeirotonou/menos.
o( d' u(po\ tou= dh/
mou ai(reqei\s grammateu\s a)naginw/skei tw=| te dh/mw| kai\ th=| boulh=|.
a)ntigrafeu\s pro/teron me\n ai(reto\s au)=qis de\ klhrwto\s h)=n, kai\
pa/nta a)ntegra/feto parakaqh/menos th=| boulh=|.
du/o d' h)=san, o( me\n th=s
boulh=s o( de\ th=s dioikh/sews.
logistai/.
kai\ tou/tous h( boulh\ klhroi=
kat' a)rxh\n w(s parakolouqei=n toi=s dioikou=sin.
a)postolei=s oi( pronoou/menoi tw=n a)posto/lwn kai\ tou= e)/kplou
tw=n trih/rwn.
pwlhtai\ ta\ te/lh pipra/skousi meta\ tw=n e)pi\ to\ qewriko\n h(|rh
me/nwn, kai\ ta\s tw=n e)c *)arei/ou pa/gou meta\ to\n pro/teron lo/gon fu
go/ntwn ou)si/as, kai\ ta\ dedhmeume/na.
prutaneu/ei d' e)c au)tw=n ei(=s, o(\s
ta\ pwlou/mena bebaioi=.
a)ph/gonto de\ pro\s tou/tous kai\ oi( metoi/kion
mh\ tiqe/ntes.
oi( de\ eu)/qunoi, w(/sper oi( pa/redroi, toi=s e)nne/a a)/rxousi pros
airou=ntai.
ou(=toi d' ei)spra/ssousi kai\ tou\s e)/xontas.
oi( de\ tessara/konta pro/teron me\n h)=san tria/konta, oi(\ peri
io/ntes kata\ dh/mous ta\ me/xri draxmw=n de/ka e)di/kazon, ta\ de\ u(pe\r
tau=ta diaithtai=s paredi/dosan: meta\ de\ th\n tw=n tria/konta o)ligarxi/an
mi/sei tou= a)riqmou= tou= tria/konta tessara/konta e)ge/nonto.
xi/lioi kai\ diako/sioi.
a)po\ tou/twn h)=san oi( leitourgou=ntes:
*dhmosqe/nhs de\ no/mon gra/yas a)nti\ tw=n tosou/twn triakosi/ous tou\s
plousiwta/tous e)poi/hsen.
ei)sagwgei=s oi( ta\s e)mmh/nous di/kas ei)sa/gontes: h)=san de\ proiko/s,
e)ranikai/, e)mporikai/.
nomoqe/tai d' h)=san xi/lioi, oi(=s e)ch=n lu=sai no/mon palaio/n,
a)ll' ou) qei=nai ne/on: tou\s ga\r ne/ous e)doki/mazen h( boulh\ kai\ o(
dh=mos kai\ ta\ dikasth/ria.
pa/redroi ou(=toi ...ou(=toi ga\r parefu/latton mh/ tis e)nto\s
tou= *pelasgikou= kei/rei h)\ % kataple/a h)\ e)coru/ttei, kai\ tw=| a)/rxonti
paredi/dosan.
to\ de\ ti/mhma h)=n trei=s draxmai\ kai\ a(plou=n to\ bla/bos.
oi( e(/ndeka ei(=s a)f' e(ka/sths fulh=s e)gi/neto, kai\ grammateu\s
au)toi=s sunhriqmei=to.
nomofu/lakes de\ kata\ to\n *falhre/a *dh
mh/trion metwnoma/sqhsan.
e)pemelou=nto de\ tw=n e)n tw=| desmw
thri/w|, kai\ a)ph=gon kle/ptas a)ndrapodista\s lwpodu/tas, ei) me\n o(molo
goi=en, qanatw/sontes, ei) de\ mh/, ei)sa/contes ei)s ta\ dikasth/ria, ka)\n
a(lw=sin, a)poktenou=ntes.
tou= de\ desmofulaki/ou qu/ra mi/a xarw/nion
e)kalei=to, di' h(=s th\n e)pi\ qana/tw| a)ph/gonto.
e)pigrafh=s: ou(=toi ta\ o)feilo/mena u(f' e(ka/stou e(ka/stw| e)p
e/grafon, kai\ tou\s ou)k ei)sfe/rontas ei)sh=gon ei)s to\ dikasth/rion, e)p
e/grafon de\ kai\ ta\ timh/mata e(ka/stois kata\ th\n a)ci/an.
kai\ e)n tai=s
sitodosi/ais e)gi/nonto si/tou e)pigrafh=s, w(s *)antifw=n
(
kh=ruc o( me/n tis tw=n mustikw=n, a)po\ *kh/rukos tou= *(ermou= kai\
*pandro/sou th=s *ke/kropos, o( de\ peri\ tou\s a)gw=nas, oi( de\ peri\ ta\s
pompa\s e)k tou= *eu)neidw=n ge/nous, oi( de\ kat' a)gora\n ta\ w)/nia a)pokh
ru/ttontes.
lhci/arxoi e(\c kaqi/stanto tw=n politw=n e)ggegramme/nwn e)n
leukw/mati, kai\ tria/konta a)ndrw=n au)toi=s prosaireqe/ntwn tou\s e)k
klhsia/zontas e)ch/tazon kai\ tou\s mh\ e)kklhsia/zontas e)zhmi/oun kai\
sxoini/on miltw/santes dia\ tw=n tocotw=n sunh/launon tou\s e)k th=s a)go
ra=s ei)s th\n e)kklhsi/an.
o( de\ ei)s to\ lhciarxiko\n grammatei=on e)ggra
fei\s h)/dh ta\ patrw=|a parela/mbanen: h( de\ patrw/|a ou)si/a kai\ lh=cis
e)kalei=to.
periesti/arxoi.
e)ka/qairon xoiridi/ois mikroi=s ou(=toi th\n e)k
klhsi/an kai\ to\ qe/atron.
kaqa/rsion de\ tou=to xoiri/dion e)kalei=to.
peri/poloi.
e)/fhboi perih/|esan th\n xw/ran fula/ttontes, w(/sper
meletw=ntes ta\ stratiwtika/.
kai\ ei)s me\n tou\s e)fh/bous ei)sh/|esan o)ktw
kai/deka e)/th geno/menoi, du/o de\ ei)s peripo/lous h)riqmou=nto, ei)kostw=|
de\ e)negra/fonto tw=| lhciarxikw=| grammatei/w|, kai\ w)/mnuon e)n *)agrau/
lou "ou) kataisxunw= ta\ o(/pla, ou)de\ katalei/yw to\n parasta/thn, w(=|
a)\n stoixw=, a)munw= de\ kai\ u(pe\r i(erw=n kai\ u(pe\r o(si/wn kai\ mo/nos
kai\ meta\ pollw=n, kai\ th\n patri/da ou)k e)la/ttw paradw/sw, pleu/sw de\
kai\ kataro/sw o(po/shn a)\n parade/cwmai.
kai\ sunh/sw tw=n a)ei\ krino/n
twn, kai\ toi=s qesmoi=s toi=s i(drume/nois pei/somai, kai\ ou(/stinas a)/llous
i(dru/setai to\ plh=qos e)mfro/nws: kai\ a)/n tis a)nairh=| tou\s qesmou\s h)\ mh\
pei/qhtai, ou)k e)pitre/yw, a)munw= de\ kai\ mo/nos kai\ meta\ pa/ntwn.
kai\
ta\ i(era\ ta\ pa/tria timh/sw.
i(/stores qeoi/, *)/agraulos, *)enua/lios, *)/arhs,
*zeu/s, *qallw/, *au)cw/, *(hgemo/nh."
i(eropoioi/.
de/ka o)/ntes ou(=toi e)/quon qusi/as ta\s pen
tethri/das, th\n ei)s *dh=lon, th\n e)n *braurw=ni, th\n tw=n *(hraklei/wn, th\n
*)eleusina/de.
o)rgew=nes oi( kata\ dh/mous e)n taktai=s h(me/rais qu/ontes qusi/as
tina/s.
fra/tores.
ei)s tou/tous tou/s te ko/rous kai\ ta\s ko/ras ei)s
h=gon, kai\ ei)s h(liki/an proelqo/ntwn e)n th=| kaloume/nh| kourew/tidi h(me/ra|
u(pe\r me\n tw=n a)rre/nwn to\ kou/reion e)/quon, u(pe\r de\ tw=n qhleiw=n th\n
gamhli/an.
gerarai/.
au(=tai a)/rrhta i(era\ *dionu/sw| e)/quon met' a)/llhs
qewri/as.
kaqi/sth de\ au)ta\s o( basileu\s ou)/sas tessaraskai/deka.
dh/marxoi oi( kata\ dh/mous a)/rxontes.
e)kalou=nto de\ te/ws
nau/kraroi o(/te kai\ oi( dh=moi naukrari/ai.
naukrari/a d' h)=n te/ws
fulh=s dwde/katon me/ros, kai\ nau/kraroi h)=san dw/deka, te/ttares kata\
trittu\n e(ka/sthn.
ta\s d' ei)sfora\s ta\s kata\ dh/mous diexeiroto/noun
ou(=toi, kai\ ta\ e)c au)tw=n a)nalw/mata.
naukrari/a d' e(ka/sth du/o i(ppe/as
parei=xe kai\ nau=n mi/an, a)f' h(=s i)/sws w)no/masto.
th=s trittu/os me/ntoi
o( a)/rxwn trittu/arxos e)kalei=to, trittu/os d' e(ka/sths ge/nh tria/konta.
kai\ ai( fulai\ te/ws me\n e)pi\ *ke/kropos h)=san te/ttares, *kekropi\s *au)to/
xqwn *)aktai/a *parali/a, e)pi\ de\ *kranaou= metwnoma/sqhsan *kranai\+s
*)atqi\s *meso/gaia *diakri/s, e)pi\ de\ *)erixqoni/ou *dia\s *)aqhnai\+s *poseidw
nia\s *(hfaistia/s, a)po\ de\ tw=n *)/iwnos pai/dwn e)pi\ *)erexqe/ws *tele/ontes
*(/oplhtes *ai)giko/reis *)arga/deis: e)pi\ de\ *)alkmai/wnos de/ka e)ge/nonto, e)k
pollw=n o)noma/twn e(lome/nou ta\ palaia\ tou= *puqi/ou, *)erexqhi\s
*kekropi\s *ai)ghi\s *pandioni\s *)akamanti\s *)antioxi\s *leonti\s *oi)nhi\s
*(ippoqwnti\s *ai)anti/s.
prosete/qhsan d' au)tai=s du/o, *)antigoni\s kai\ *dhmh
tria/s, a(\s u(/steron metwno/masan *)attali/da kai\ *ptolemai/+da.
a)po\ de\
fulw=n to\ fulokrinei=n w)noma/sqh, kai\ o(mo/fulos a)llo/fulos, fule/ths,
fuli/wn qew=n i(era/, e)mfu/lion ai(=ma, e)mfu/lios po/lemos.
oi( fulobasilei=s: e)c eu)patridw=n de\ o)/ntes, ma/lista tw=n i(erw=n
e)pemelou=nto, sunedreu/ontes e)n tw=| basilei/w| tw=| para\ to\ boukolei=on.
o(/te me/ntoi te/ttares h)=san ai( fulai/, ei)s tri/a me/rh e(ka/sth dih/|rhto,
kai\ to\ me/ros tou=to e)kalei=to trittu\s kai\ e)/qnos kai\ fratri/a.
e(ka/
stou de\ e)/qnous ge/nh tria/konta e)c a)ndrw=n tosou/twn, a(\ e)kalei=to
triaka/des.
kai\ oi( mete/xontes tou= ge/nous gennh=tai kai\ o(moga/laktes,
ge/nei me\n ou) prosh/kontes, e)k de\ th=s suno/dou ou(/tw prosagoreuo/
menoi.
tri/a d' h)=n ta\ e)/qnh pa/lai, *eu)patri/dai *gewmo/roi *dhmiourgoi/.
gunaikono/moi de\ a)rxh\ e)pi\ tou= ko/smou tw=n gunaikw=n.
ta\s
de\ a)kosmou/sas e)zhmi/oun, kai\ ta\s zhmi/as au)tw=n gra/fontes e)ceti/
qesan e)pi\ th=s plata/nou th=s e)n *kerameikw=|.
oi( ei)/kosi.
tou/tous ei(/lonto meta\ tou\s tria/konta th=s poli
tei/as kai\ tw=n no/mwn e)pimelhta/s, a)risti/ndhn e)pileca/menoi.
h)=n me/ntoi kai\ krhnofula/kion a)rxh/, dhlou/shs to\ e)/rgon au)
th=s th=s e)piklh/sews.
kai\ le/wn de/ tis e)kalei=to krhnofu/lac, xalkou=
pepoihme/nos e)pi\ krh/nhs tino/s, di' ou(= to\ u(/dwr e)fe/reto e)n tai=s pro\s
u(/dwr di/kais: e)pimelhth\s de/ tis klhrwto\s e)gi/neto, o(\s kai\ e)kalei=to
o( e)f' u(/dwr, o( parafula/ttwn th\n i)so/thta th=s kleyu/dras.
qewrika\ de\ xrh/mata ta\ ei)s ta\s e(orta\s kai\ qew=n tima\s
tw=| plh/qei nemo/mena: kai\ to\ dido/menon e)kalei=to qewriko\n w(/sper
kai\ to\ e)kklhsiastiko\n kai\ to\ dikastiko/n, o(/per kai\ triw/bolon kai\ du/'
o)bolw\ kai\ o)bolo\s h)=n *)attiko/s.
o( de\ e)pi\ th=s dioikh/sews ai(reto\s h)=n e)pi\ tw=n prosio/ntwn kai\
a)naliskome/nwn.
kai\ strathgoi\ de/, i(/pparxoi fu/larxoi loxagoi\ taci/arxoi,
kai\ o(/sa stratiwtika\ a)rxw=n o)no/mata.
kai\ e(llhnotami/ai oi( tou\s
fo/rous e)kle/gontes, kai\ e)pi\ nh/swn oi( ta\ para\ tw=n nhsiwtw=n ei)s
pra/ttontes kai\ ta\s politei/as au)tw=n e)forw=ntes.
kai\ teixopoioi\
de\ kai\ i(eropoioi\ kai\ bow=nai u(phresiw=n o)no/mata: kai\ a)pode/ktai oi(
to\n si=ton a)pometrou/menoi, sitw=nai de\ oi( sunwnou/menoi.
ta/xa d'
a)\n kai\ prakth=res ei)/h o)/noma u(phresi/as, h)\ pra/ktores, w(s *dhmo
sqe/nhs
(
de\ kai\ zhthta\s a)/n tis par' au)tou= la/boi o)/noma dhmosi/as diakoni/as,
oi(\ ta\ lanqa/nonta a)nezh/toun.
oi( me/ntoi taci/arxoi a)nagegramme/nous
e)/xontes tou\s e)k tou= katalo/gou, pareshmai/nonto ta\ tw=n a)fuste
rou/ntwn o)no/mata: kai\ tou=to parasti/zein e)kalei=to.
prutanei/a de/ e)sti o( xro/nos o(\n e(ka/sth fulh\ prutaneu/ei:
kai\ o(/te me\n de/ka h)=san, plei/ous e(ka/sth| fulh=| ai( h(me/rai, e)pei\ de\
dw/deka e)ge/nonto, e(ka/sth fulh\ mhno\s prutanei/an e)/xei.
purfo/ros pai=s ai(reto\s e)k kaqareuou/shs oi)ki/as u(po\ xlani/di
kai\ strofi/w| perie/rxetai, pu=r e)pi\ tou\s bwmou\s e)pitiqei/s.
su/gklhtos e)kklhsi/a, h(\n e)cai/fnhs e)poi/oun mei/zonos xrei/as
e)pilabou/shs.
e)kalei=to de\ kai\ kataklhsi/a, o(/ti kai\ tou\s e)k tw=n a)grw=n
kateka/loun.
tami/as e)ka/loun tou\s tai=s i(erai=s trih/resi leitourgou=ntas,
a)/llous h)\ trihra/rxous, tou/s te e)k th=s *para/lou kai\ th=s *salamini/as.
e)kalou=nto de\ oi( nau=tai oi( me\n ou) pa/raloi mo/non a)lla\ kai\ para
li=tai, oi( de\ kai\ *salami/nioi.
*dikasth/ria ta\ *)aqh/nhsin.
*)/areios pa/gos: e)di/kaze de\ fo/nou
kai\ trau/matos e)k pronoi/as, kai\ purkai+a=s, kai\ farma/kwn, e)a/n tis
a)poktei/nh| dou/s.
e)gi/neto de\ diwmosi/a, kai\ meta\ th\n diwmosi/an kri/sis:
prooimia/zesqai de\ ou)k e)ch=n, ou)d' oi)kti/zesqai.
meta\ de\ to\n pro/teron
lo/gon e)ch=n fugei=n, plh\n ei)/ tis gone/as ei)/h a)pektonw/s.
kaq'
e(/kaston de\ mh=na triw=n h(merw=n e)di/kazon e)fech=s, teta/rth| fqi/nontos,
tri/th|, deute/ra|.
oi( d' e)nne/a a)/rxontes oi( kaq' e(/kaston e)niauto\n meta\
to\ dou=nai ta\s eu)qu/nas a)ei\ toi=s *)areopagi/tais proseti/qento.
u(pai/
qrioi d' e)di/kazon.
fo/nou de\ e)ch=n e)pecie/nai me/xris a)neyiw=n, kai\ e)n tw=|
o(/rkw| e)perwta=n ti/s prosh/kwn e)sti\ tw=| teqnew=ti: ka)\n oi)ke/ths h)=|, e)pi
skh/ptein sugkexw/rhtai.
to\ e)pi\ *palladi/w|.
e)n tou/tw| lagxa/netai
peri\ tw=n a)kousi/wn fo/nwn: meta\ ga\r *troi/as a(/lwsin *)argei/wn tina\s
to\ *palla/dion e)/xontas *falhrw=| prosbalei=n, a)gnoi/a| de\ u(po\ tw=n e)gxw
ri/wn a)naireqe/ntas a)porrifh=nai.
kai\ tw=n me\n ou)de\n prosh/pteto zw=|on,
*)aka/mas de\ e)mh/nusen o(/ti ei)=en *)argei=oi to\ *palla/dion e)/xontes.
kai\ oi(
me\n tafe/ntes a)gnw=tes proshgoreu/qhsan tou= qeou= xrh/santos, au)to/qi
d' i(dru/qh to\ *palla/dion, kai\ peri\ tw=n a)kousi/wn e)n au)tw=| dika/zousin.
to\ e)pi\ *delfini/w| i(dru=sqai me\n u(po\ *ai)ge/ws le/getai *)apo/llwni
*delfini/w| kai\ *)arte/midi *delfini/a|, e)kri/qh de\ e)n au)tw=| prw=tos *qh
seu\s a)fosiou/menos to\ a)/gos tw=n u(p' au)tou= a)nh|rhme/nwn lh|stw=n kai\
tw=n *pallantidw=n, ou(\s w(molo/gei me\n a)poktei=nai, dikai/ws d' e)/fh
tou=to dedrake/nai.
to\ e)pi\ *prutanei/w| dika/zei peri\ tw=n a)poktei
na/ntwn, ka)\n w)=sin a)fanei=s, dika/zei de\ kai\ peri\ tw=n a)yu/xwn tw=n
e)mpeso/ntwn kai\ a)pokteina/ntwn.
proeisth/kesan de\ tou/tou tou= dika
sthri/ou oi( fulobasilei=s, ou(\s e)/dei to\ e)mpeso\n a)/yuxon u(perori/sai.
to\ e)m *freattoi=.
e)n tou/tw| e)kri/neto ei)/ tis tw=n feugo/ntwn e)p'
a)kousi/ou fo/nou ai)ti/a| deute/ran ai)ti/an e(kousi/ou prosla/boi.
h)=n d'
e)pi\ qala/tth| to\ dikasth/rion, kai\ to\n e)n ai)ti/a| prospleu/santa th=s gh=s
ou) prosapto/menon a)po\ th=s new\s e)xrh=n a)pologei=sqai, mh/t' a)po
ba/qran mh/t' a)/gkuran ei)s th\n gh=n ballo/menon.
gnw/rima dikasth/ria h( *(hliai/a, to\ tri/gwnon, ou(= me/mnhtai
*dei/narxos
(
kai\ mei/zonos me/mnhtai *lusi/as
(
oi( e(/ndeka e)di/kazon.
to\ *mhti/xou ka/llion, ou(= mnhmoneu/ei *)androti/wn.
to\ e)pi\ *lu/kw|, a)f' ou(= kai\ h( *lu/kou deka/s: kai\ h(/rws de\ i(/druto au)to/qi
e)/xwn tou= qhri/ou morfh/n, pa/lai d' e)kei= sunh/|esan oi( sundeka/zontes ta\
dikasth/ria.
to\ de\ *mhti/xou dikasth/rion me/ga, ou(/tw klhqe\n a)po\
a)rxite/ktonos *mhti/xou.
e)di/kazon d' oi( u(pe\r tria/konta e)/th e)k tw=n e)piti/mwn kai\ mh\
o)feilo/ntwn tw=| dhmosi/w|.
w)/mnusan de\ e)n *)ardh/ttw| dikasthri/w| *)apo/llw
patrw=|on kai\ *dh/mhtra kai\ *di/a basile/a: o( de\ *)/ardhttos *)ilissou= me/n
e)sti plhsi/on, w)no/mastai de\ a)po/ tinos h(/rwos, o(\s stasia/zonta to\n dh=mon
u(pe\r o(monoi/as w(/rkisen.
o( d' o(/rkos h)=n tw=n dikastw=n, peri\ me\n w(=n
no/moi ei)si/, kata\ tou\s no/mous yhfiei=sqai, peri\ de\ w(=n mh\ ei)si/, gnw/mh|
th=| dikaiota/th|: o)mosa/ntwn de\ kai\ tw=n dikazome/nwn, to\ pa=n e)kalei=to
a)mfiorki/a.
h( *(hliai/a pentakosi/wn: ei) de\ xili/wn de/oi dikastw=n,
suni/stato du/o dikasth/ria, ei) de\ pentakosi/wn kai\ xili/wn, tri/a.
yh/fous
d' ei)=xon xalka=s du/o, tetruphme/nhn kai\ a)tru/phton, kai\ ka/don, w(=| khmo\s
e)pe/keito, di' ou(= kaqi/eto h( yh=fos.
au)=qis de\ du/o a)mforei=s, o( me\n xal
kou=s o( de\ cu/linos, o( me\n ku/rios o( d' a)/kuros: tw=| de\ xalkw=| e)ph=n
e)pi/qhma mia=| yh/fw| xw/ran e)/xon ...
ou(= u(/steron mustikw=s dika/zontes
h)=san e)k tw=n e)pwpteuko/twn.
to\ de\ dikasth/rion periesxoini/zeto, tou=
me\n basile/ws paraggei/lantos, tw=n de\ qesmoqetw=n plhrou/ntwn to\ di
kasth/rion.
to\ de\ perisxoi/nisma a)po\ penth/konta podw=n e)gi/neto: kai\
oi( u(phre/tai u(feisth/keisan, o(/pws mhdei\s a)nepo/pteutos prosi/h|.
ai(
me\n ou)=n tw=n dikasthri/wn qu/rai kigkli/des e)kalou=nto, a(\s oi( *(rwmai=oi
kagkellwta\s le/gousin: a)ni/stato de\ ta\ dikasth/ria, ei) ge/noito diosh
mei=a: e)chghtai\ d' e)kalou=nto oi( ta\ peri\ tw=n dioshmeiw=n kai\ ta\ tw=n
a)/llwn i(erw=n dida/skontes.
e)fe/tai to\n me\n a)riqmo\n ei(=s kai\ penth/konta, *dra/kwn d' au)tou\s
kate/sthsen a)risti/ndhn ai(reqe/ntas: e)di/kazon de\ toi=s e)f' ai(/mati diwko
me/nois e)n toi=s pe/nte dikasthri/ois.
*so/lwn d' au)toi=s proskate/sthse
th\n e)c *)arei/ou pa/gou boulh/n.
kata\ mikra\ de\ kategela/sqh to\ tw=n
e)fetw=n dikasth/rion.
dokou=si d' w)noma/sqai, o(/ti pro/teron tou= basi
le/ws tou\s e)p' a)kousi/w| fo/nw| krinome/nous e)ceta/zontos o( *dra/kwn
toi=s e)fe/tais pare/dwke th\n kri/sin, e)fe/simon a)po\ tou= basile/ws pe
poihkw/s.
oi( de\ nautodi/kai, ou(=toi h)=san oi( ta\s th=s ceni/as di/kas ei)s
a/gontes.
u(bristodi/kai de\ e)kalou=nto, ei)/ ti xrh\ *kraterw=| pisteu/ein
tw=| ta\ yhfi/smata sunago/nti, oi( mh\ boulo/menoi ta\s di/kas ei)saga
gei=n: e)pepo/lase de\ to\ toiou=ton e)n *sikeli/a|.
diaithtai\ d' e)k tw=n u(pe\r e(ch/konta e)/th gegono/twn e)klh
rou=nto, kai\ e)peklhrou=nto au)toi=s ai( di/aitai, kai\ a)timi/a a)fw/risto
tw=| mh\ diaith/santi th\n e)piklhrwqei=san di/aitan.
dih/|twn d' e)n i(eroi=s.
pa/lai d' ou)demi/a di/kh pri\n e)pi\ diaithta\s e)lqei=n ei)sh/geto.
e)/legon
de\ e)pitre/yai di/aitan, kai\ h( di/aita e)kalei=to e)pitroph/.
h( d' e)/fesis
au)tw=n ei) ei)s dikasth/rion ge/noito, ei)s e)xi=non ta\s yh/fous e)mba
lo/ntes i)di/a| e(kate/ras ta\s tou= feu/gontos kai\ diw/kontos kateshmai/
nonto.
e)la/mbanon de\ oi( diaithtai\ draxmh\n para\ tou= kri/nontos,
th\n kaloume/nhn para/stasin, e)ggra/yantos au)tou= e)n grammatei/w| to\
e)/gklhma kai\ to\ ti/mhma kai\ paraqe/ntos draxmh/n: e)la/mbanon de\
kai\ e(te/ran u(pe\r th=s a)ntwmosi/as.
de/ltoi xalkai=, ai(=s h)=san pa/lai e)ntetupwme/noi oi( no/moi oi(
peri\ tw=n i(erw=n kai\ tw=n patri/wn.
ku/rbeis de\ tri/gwnoi sani/des pura
moeidei=s, oi(=s h)=san e)ggegramme/noi oi( no/moi.
a)/cones de\ tetra/gwnoi
xalkoi= h)=san, e)/xontes tou\s no/mous.
a)pe/keinto de\ oi(/ te ku/rbeis kai\ oi(
a)/cones e)n a)kropo/lei pa/lai: au)=qis d' i(/na pa=sin e)ch=| e)ntugxa/nein, ei)s
to\ prutanei=on kai\ th\n a)gora\n metekomi/sqhsan: dia\ tou=to e)/legon
to\n ka/twqen no/mon a)ntitiqe/ntes pro\s th\n a)kro/polin.
o)no/mata d' a)po\ diaithtw=n diaithth/s di/aita, diaith=sai diai
tw=n e)dih/|thsen a)pedih/|thsen diaith/sasqai, katadedih|thme/noi
a)podedih|thme/noi, sundiaithth/s sundiaith/sas katadiaithsa/menos
oi(onei\ e)n diai/th| krath/sas, sundiaith=sai: to\ ga\r sundiaithqh=nai kai\
diai/thma kai\ e)ndiai/thma e(te/ras e)sti\ xrei/as.
*timh/mata d' h)=n te/ttara, pentakosiomedi/mnwn i(ppe/wn zeugi
tw=n qhtw=n.
oi( me\n e)k tou= pentako/sia me/tra chra\ kai\ u(gra\ poiei=n
klhqe/ntes: a)nh/liskon d' ei)s to\ dhmo/sion ta/lanton: oi( de\ th\n i(ppa/da
telou=ntes e)k me\n tou= du/nasqai tre/fein i(/ppous keklh=sqai dokou=sin,
e)poi/oun de\ me/tra triako/sia, a)nh/liskon de\ h(mita/lanton.
oi( de\ to\
zeugh/sion telou=ntes a)po\ diakosi/wn me/trwn katele/gonto, a)nh/liskon
de\ mna=s de/ka: oi( de\ to\ qhtiko\n ou)demi/an a)rxh\n h)=rxon, ou)de\ a)nh/
liskon ou)de/n.
*)anqemi/wn de\ o( *difi/lou kallwpi/zetai di' e)pigra/m
matos o(/ti a)po\ tou= qhtikou= te/lous ei)s th\n i(ppa/da mete/sth, kai\
ei)kw\n e)/stin e)n a)kropo/lei i(/ppos a)ndri\ paresthkw/s: kai\ to\ e)pi/gramma
*difi/lou *)anqemi/wn to/nd' i(/ppon a)ne/qhken qeoi=s,
qhtikou= a)nti\ te/lous i(ppa/d' a)meiya/menos.
*oi( me/ntoi pro\ tw=n dikasthri/wn kai\ tw=n a)/llwn suno/dwn oi(
dhmo/sioi u(phre/tai, oi(=s e)pe/tatton a)nei/rgein tou\s a)kosmou=ntas kai\
tou\s a(\ mh\ dei= le/gontas e)cairei=n, kai\ *sku/qai e)kalou=nto kai\ toco/tai
kai\ speusi/nioi, a)po\ tou= prw/tou sunta/cantos th\n peri\ au)tou\s u(ph
resi/an.
*te/lh d' h)=n ta\ para\ toi=s penthkostolo/gois h)\ e)llimenistai=s:
tau=ta d' e)kalei=to e)llime/nia kai\ e)mporika/.
kai\ dekateuth/ria de/
pote kate/sthsan, kai\ deka/th to\ te/los h)=n.
kai\ zeugh/sio/n ti
te/los oi( zeugotrofou=ntes e)te/loun.
*)eneklhsi/azon de\ pa/lai me\n e)n th=| *pukni/: *pnu\c de\ h)=n
xwri/on pro\s th=| a)kropo/lei, kateskeuasme/non kata\ th\n palaia\n a(plo/
thta, ou)k ei)s qea/trou polupragmosu/nhn.
au)=qis de\ ta\ me\n a)/lla e)n
tw=| *dionusiakw=| qea/trw|, mo/nas de\ ta\s a)rxairesi/as e)n th=| *pukni/, a)f'
h(=s to\n tou= dh/mou qo/rubon pukni/thn fasi\n oi( kwmikoi/.
e)ka/loun de\
th\n proedri/an kai\ prw=ton cu/lon, kai\ ma/lista e)n tw=| dikasthri/w|
th\n prw/thn kaqe/dran.
ta\ d' u(postornu/mena toi=s dikastai=s e)pi\
tw=n e(drw=n yia/qia i)di/ws w)noma/zeto.
*)androfo/nos, foneu/s, sfageu/s, farmakeu/s, fonw=n foniko/s,
miaifo/nos: e)/kteinen, a)nei=len, e)fo/neusen, a)pe/sfacen, e)dolofo/nhsen,
e)miaifo/nhsen.
e)pi\ de\ tou/tou e)nagh/s, miaro/s, pammi/aros, ai(/mati pros
exo/menos, ai(/matos mesto/s.
to\ de\ pra=gma fo/nos, a)nai/resis, miaifoni/a,
sfagh/.
*ei)/h d' a)\n e)k tw=n peri\ ta\ dikasth/ria koinwnoi/, koinwni/a, koi
nwnika\ xrh/mata para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
fw=ntos
(kai\ a)ne/mhta xrh/mata, kai\
koina/ e)pi/koina, ou) dih|rhme/na: ta\ ga\r a)diai/reta eu)tele/steron.
kai\
to\ r(h=ma koinwnh=sai, kai\ koinw=sai ta\ xrh/mata, mi/casqai th\n ou)si/an,
suna/yasqai to\n plou=ton, sunerani/sai, sunagagei=n, a)qroi/sasqai, sun
enegkei=n ei)s tau)to\ th\n ou)si/an, susth/sasqai, sumbalei=n kai\ koinh=|
koinw=s, koinwnikw=s, koinwniko\s a)nh\r kai\ a)ciokoinw/nhtos kai\
a)koinw/nhtos.
ta\ de\ e)nanti/a diele/sqai, diaklhrw/sasqai, dia
laxei=n, da/sasqai, nei/masqai, to\ ga\r a)nanei/masqai e(te/ras xrei/as,
kai\ to\ meri/sasqai eu)tele/steron, to\ de\ moirologxei=n tragikw/teron.
kai\
ne/mhsis ou)si/as, diai/resis, diaklh/rwsis: o( ga\r diamerismo\s u(po/faulon
kai\ h( da/thsis u(pomo/xqhron, be/ltion d' o( dasmo/s.
kai\ oi( dianemo/
menoi nemhtai\ kai\ meri=tai kai\ moiro/logxoi, oi( de\ diane/montes dath
tai/: kai\ ei)s dathtw=n ai(/resin e)/legon oi( r(h/tores.
w(s e)pi\ to\ plei=ston
de\ oi( moiro/logxoi kai\ to\ moirologxei=n e)le/geto e)pi\ tw=n metexo/ntwn
kakourgh/matos.
e)ggu\s de\ tou/twn klhrou=xoi, klhrouxou=ntes kata
klhrouxou=ntes, katanemo/menoi, kata\ klh/rous nemo/menoi kai\ to\
pra=gma klhrouxi/a, kai\ to\ r(h=ma klhrouxei=n kataklhrouxei=n, kai\
klhrouxika\ xrh/mata w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
*pre/sbeis presbeutai/, presbei/a pre/sbeusis, presbeu=sai, diapres
beu/sasqai, e)pipresbeu=sai, diapresbeu=sai, parapresbeu=sai, e)pipres
beu/sasqai, parapresbeu/sasqai, w(=| ma=llon ke/xrhtai *dhmosqe/nhs
(
`127
di/kh.
o( de\ presbeuth\s ei)/h a)\n kai\ a)/ggelos dia/konos: e(te/ras de\ xrei/as
kh=ruc kai\ spondofo/ros.
to\ de\ khru/keion fo/rhma h)=n tw=n pre/s
bewn, kai\ ei)s to\ prutanei=on e)pi\ ce/nia e)kalou=nto ei)/poi d' a)/n tis
tou\s pre/sbeis u(palla/ttwn th\n presbei/an: o(/qen ei)/rhtai to\ kh/ruki
kai\ presbei/a| xrhmati/zein.
kai\ ta\ r(h/mata presbeu=sai, diakonh/
sasqai, a)popresbeu/sasqai, a)ntipresbeu=sai.
a)po\ de\ khru/kwn kh
ru=cai e)rei=s kai\ a)pokhru=cai kai\ e)pikhru=cai kai\ prokhru=cai,
a)nakhru=cai, a)neipei=n kai\ a)nagoreu=sai, e)pikhrukeu/sasqai diakhrukeu/
sasqai e)kexeiri/an a)paggei=lai.
kai\ to\ pra=gma kh/rugma khrukei/a
e)pikhrukei/a, kai\ to\ e)nanti/on a)kh/ruktoi po/lemoi kai\ a)khrukti\ e)pio/ntes.
a)/suloi d' h)=san, kai\ e)ch=n au)toi=s pantaxo/se a)dew=s i)e/nai.
a)suli/a kai\
a)spondi/a: spondoforh=sai, kai\ sponda\s u(penegkei=n, spei/sasqai,
sponda\s ai)th=sai: e)/nspondoi, u(po/spondoi.
xrusw=| stefa/nw| stefanwqh=nai, qallw=|, a)nagoreuqh=nai, a)nakh
ruxqh=nai a)naggelqh=nai: kai\ ta\ pra/gmata a)nago/reusis, a)nakh/rucis,
a)na/rrhsis, a)naggeli/a kai\ mh\n kai\ ai( loipai\ timai/, dwreai/, ge/ra,
protimh/seis, xa/rites, sith/seis, sithre/sion, su/ssiton ei)=nai, porfu/ra,
proedri/a, xalkou=n e(sta/nai, a)te/leia, xrh/mata, toi=s de\ ce/nois kai\
politei/a.
*suggrafh/, suna/llagma, sumbo/laion, grammatei=on, sunqh/kh,
e)/ggrafos, o(mologi/a e)/ggrafos.
a)po\ de\ th=s suggrafh=s to\ sunegra/
yato, kai\ kata\ suggrafh\n e)po/rneusen, kai\ nautikh\ suggrafh/: kai\
parasuggrafh\ para\ *dhmosqe/nei
(
tw=n e)n th=| suggrafh=| sumbaqe/ntwn.
a)po\ de\ sunalla/gmatos sun
alla/ssein, w(/sper a)po\ sumbolai/ou sumbalei=n sumbalo/ntes.
kai\ sum
bo/laion sumbeblhme/non h)/dh le/gousi, kai\ e)/xqras sumbo/laion kai\
xara=s sumbo/laion kai\ fili/as sumbo/laion.
da/neisma, xrewfei/lhma, e)/gguon nautiko/n, kat' e)kdo/seis,
e(tero/ploun a)mfotero/ploun, e)piki/ndunon, e)pi/tokon a)/tokon.
*parisxoini/sai ta\ i(era\ e)/legon e)n tai=s a)pofra/si to\ para
fra/cai, oi(=on *plunthri/ois kai\ tai=s toiau/tais h(me/rais: perisxoi
ni/sai de\ to\ dikasth/rion, o(po/te peri\ mustikw=n dika/zoien, i(/na mh\
prosi/h| mhdei\s a)nepo/pteutos w)/n.
trei=s qeou\s o)mnu/nai keleu/ei *so/lwn, i(ke/sion kaqa/rsion e)cakes
th=ra.
e)ntimh/sasqai/ e)stin, o(/tan tis proi=ka didou\s timh/shtai o(po/sou
dei=: a)poti/mhma d' e)sti\n oi(=on u(poqh/kh, kuri/ws me\n pro\s th\n proi=ka,
h)/dh de\ kai\ pro\s ta\s misqw/seis.
kai\ to\ r(h=ma a)potimh/sasqai.
qei=nai
me\n oi)ki/an e)sti\ to\ dou=nai ei)s u(poqh/khn, qe/sqai de\ to\ labei=n ei)s
u(poqh/khn: kai\ to\ me\n e)/qhken to\ d' e)/qeto, kai\ o(moi/ws u(pe/qhke kai\
u(pe/qeto.
*(uperei/dhs de\ e)n tw=| pro\s *xa/rhta
(
a)podo/menos a)nti\ tou= u(poqei/s.
di/kai d' h)=san kai\ kaqufe/sews, kai\ e)/stin ei)pei=n kaqufh=ke
kaqufh/kato, prou/dwken e)ne/dwken, kataproh/kato th\n kathgori/an,
katexari/sato, a)pe/doto, e)ce/dwken, a)nei/leto th\n grafh/n, diegra/fh
diegra/yato, e)ce/lipe to\n a)gw=na ou)k e)pecelqw/n, e)gkate/lipen, a)pe/sth
e)ce/sth, kata\ sunqh/kas ei)=pen, e)qelokakw=n, u(poxwrw=n, kataklino/menos,
kai\ w(s *(uperei/dhs kathgo/rhsen e)ndo/sima
(
mosqe/nhs
(?
) w(sau/tws.
e)/ranoi, e)ranistai/, koino\n e)ranistw=n, e)ranikai\ di/kai, e)raniko\s
no/mos, e)ra/nou fora/, e)ra/nou katabolh/: katenegkei=n to\n e)/ranon,
plhrw/sasqai to\n e)/ranon, e)klipei=n th\n fora/n.
e)oi/koien d' a)\n toi=s
e)ranistai=s kai\ oi( summori=tai, kai\ summori/a kai\ to\ par' *(uperei/dh|
(
*boulh\ suneka/qise, sunh=lqe, sune/sth, sunele/gh, suneta/xqh,
h)qroi/sqh sunh/dreusen proh/dreusen, e)xrhma/tisen, e)bou/leusen pro
ebou/leusen, boulh=s h)=n e(/dra, sunaghgerme/noi h)=san oi( bouleutai/,
ei)s tau)to\n h)=lqon, e)plhrw/qh to\ bouleuth/rion, mesto\n h)=n.
tau=ta
kai\ peri\ dh/mou a)/n tis ei)/poi kai\ dikastw=n.
*dhmeu=sai ou)si/an, a)pogra/yai, dhmosi/a| a)pografh=nai dh
mosi/an a)pofh=nai.
a)posth=nai th=s ou)si/as, e)ksth=nai, parasth=
nai paraxwrh=sai tw=n xrhma/twn, tw=n o)/ntwn, tw=n u(parxo/n
twn, tou= klh/rou, tw=n patrw/|wn, th=s kth/sews, th=s periousi/as, tw=n
perio/ntwn a(pa/ntwn: a)/klhron gene/sqai tw=n patrw/|wn.
*proqe/seis, e)kforai/, tri/ta e)/nata triaka/des, e)nagi/smata, xoai/,
ta\ nenomisme/na.
e)pamh/sasqai th=s gh=s, u(fa/ptein th\n pura/n.
peri/
deipnon, tafh/, e)nta/fia, mnh=ma, ta/fos, xw=ma, sth/lh, e)legei=on, e)pi/
sthma, lhnoi/ te kai\ soroi\ kai\ pu/eloi.
*bla/bh bla/bos bla/mma, zhmi/a blabera/ e)piblabh/s kai\ ta\ o(/moia
e)pizh/mios zhmiw/dhs, blaberw=s e)piblabw=s e)pizhmi/ws: to\ ga\r zh
miwdw=s du/sfqegkton, ei)senegkei=n zhmi/an, a)podou=nai, dialu=sai,
a)poti=sai e)kti=sai, kataqe/sqai kataqei=nai.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata ei)s
fora/, a)po/dosis, dia/lusis, e)/ktisis, qe/sis: eu)tele/stera ga\r ta\ loipa/.
o)no/mata de\ ou)k e)/stin ou)de\ e)pirrh/mata.
ta\ d' e)nanti/a ei)spra/ttein,
e)nexura/zein katenexura/zein, a)paitei=n.
kai\ to\ pra=gma ei)/spracis,
a)pai/thsis: o( ga\r katenexurasmo\s fau=lon o)/noma.
*)erei=s de\ e)klhrw/qh to\ dikasth/rion, e)ka/qise e)neklhrw/qh,
sune/sth, sunh=lqe sunh/dreusen, e)/krinen, e)di/kasen, e)/gnw, yh=fon
e)/qeto e)yhfi/sato, gnw=sin e)ch/negken, kateyhfi/sato, kate/gnw, kat
edi/kasen, proseti/mhsen e)peti/mhsen, e)zhmi/wsen, a)pe/gnw, a)peyh
fi/sato, a)fh=ken, a)pelu/sato, a)pedi/kasen.
klh/rwsis klh=ros, su/stasis,
su/nodos, gnw=sis kata/gnwsis, katadi/kh, kri/sis, diayh/fisis kata
yhfismo/s, ti/mhma ti/mhsis prosti/mhma e)piti/mion, zhmi/a zhmi/wma
e)pizhmi/wma, e)pizh/mion, o)/flhma, timwri/a, e)pibolh/, di/kh, a)/fesis,
a)pallagh/.
tima=sqai a)ntitima=sqai a)nqupotima=sqai.
a)nasth=nai tou\s
dikasta/s, a)panasth=nai, a)pallagh=nai tou= dikasthri/ou kai\ th=s
boulh=s kai\ tou= dh/mou.
*ou)k ei)=ca, ou)x u(pexw/rhsa, ou)k e)ne/dwka, ou)k e)fobh/
qhn, ou)k e)cepla/ghn, ou)x u(pokatekli/qhn, ou)k e)ce/sthn, ou)k e)cetra/
phn, ou)k e)chpath/qhn, ou) parekrou/sqhn, ou)x u(ph/xqhn, ou) par
h/xqhn.
e)cidiw/sato, proshga/geto, u(phga/geto, katekth/sato, kathgw
ni/sato.
*sumfronei=n, sumfwnei=n, sunnoei=n, sumbouleu=sai, sunh=fqai,
sunhnw=sqai, sugkekra=sqai a)nakekra=sqai, memi/xqai, sunhrth=
sqai, sundede/sqai, e)chrth=sqai a)llh/lwn, ei)lh=fqai, e)/xesqai, mi/an
gnw/mhn e)/xein, i)/sa bai/nein, i)/sa pnei=n, e(/na qumo\n e)/xein, e(ni\ qumw=|
xrh=sqai, toi=s au)toi=s xai/rein, tau)ta\ lupei=sqai, tau)ta\ filei=n, tau)ta\
misei=n, tw=n au)tw=n e)/xesqai, e(/na dh=mon ei)=nai.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata
o(mofrosu/nh, o(mo/noia, o(mognwmosu/nh, o(mologi/a, sumfwni/a o(mofw
ni/a, a)na/krasis, su/ndesmos.
tau=ta mo/na: h( ga\r su/ndesis sklhro/n,
ka)\n *pla/twnos
(ta\ d' e)nanti/a tou/twn a)perrh=
xqai, a)perri/fqai a)pesxi/sqai, a)phlla/xqai, tara/ssesqai, qorubei=sqai,
nosei=n, a)p' a)llh/lwn a)festa/nai, diesta/nai, diafwnei=n, dixonoei=n,
dixofronei=n, a)llofronei=n, a)p' a)llh/lwn lelu/sqai, a)phrth=sqai, diake
ko/fqai kata\ moi/ras, diakexara/xqai e)pidiakexwri/sqai memeri/sqai,
dianenemh=sqai, dixognwmonei=n.
kai\ ta\ pra/gmata sta/sis stasiasmo/s,
dia/stasis a)po/stasis, taraxh/, qo/rubos, no/sos, diafwni/a, dixo/noia, dixo
frosu/nh a)llofrosu/nh, dixognwmosu/nh, dianomh/, a)pe/xqeia: ta\ ga\r
a)/lla faulo/tera.
o)no/mata d' ou)k e)/stin o(/ti mh\ stasiastiko/s: o( ga\r
stasiw/dhs kai\ stasiasth\s u(po/faula, kai\ to\ taraxw=des eu)tele/s,
w(/sper kai\ o( qorubw/dhs.
a)po\ de\ th=s a)pexqei/as o( filapexqh/mwn:
to\ ga\r xwri\s th=s prosqh/khs, ou)k e)/stin e)n xrei/a| tou)/noma o( a)p
exqh/mwn, a)lla\ ma=llon o( a)pexqh/s: kai\ o( dixognw/mwn bi/aion.
e)pir
rh/mata de\ stasiastikw=s, e)cestasiasme/nws, dixognwmo/nws, kai\ ta\ pra/
gmata qorubw=des kai\ taraxw=des: a)mei/nw ga\r tau=ta tw=n a)p' au)tw=n
e)pirrhma/twn: a)po\ de\ th=s a)pexqei/as a)pexqw=s kai\ filapexqhmo/nws.
*(upokrou/ein, u(poskeli/zein, e)mpodi/zein, e)pistomi/zein, tara/ttein,
kataqorubei=n, e)kkrou/ein, e)noxlei=n, diako/ptein, e)pe/xein kai\ a)ne/xein,
katakrou/ein, katakolou/ein, katasiga/zein, katastasia/zein, kataboa=n
periboa=n, kataqroei=n, kataqrulei=n, a)postre/fein th\n glw=ttan, e)pi
fra/ttein to\ sto/ma, mo/non ou)k a)fairei=sqai th\n fwnh/n, e)kko/ptein, e)c
airei=n, e)mpodw\n i(/stasqai, mo/non ou) ta\s a)koa\s h(mw=n e)pilamba/nein,
e)pe/xein, e)pifra/ttein.
e)ph|nei=te, a)pede/xesqe, prosi/esqe, h)nei/xesqe, e)xai/
rete, sunh|nei=te, o(mognw/mones h)=te, h(|rei=sqe, e)peneu/ete, e)pexeirotonei=te,
e)pekurou=te, e)peyhfi/zesqe.
*(h qo/los e)n h(=| sunedei/pnoun e)f' e(ka/sths h(me/ras penth/konta
th=s tw=n pentakosi/wn boulh=s, h( prutaneu/ousa fulh/.
*)atelh\s o( th=s a)telei/as tuxw/n, i)sotelh\s o( me/toikos o( timhqei\s
mh\ tau)ta\ toi=s metoi/kois telei=n, u(potelh\s pa=s o(/tw| mh\ to\ a)tele\s
u(ph=rcen e)k dwrea=s, suntelh\s o( su\n a)/llw| leitourgw=n.
kai\ o( me\n
a)telh\s a)feime/nos tw=n telw=n, a)phllagme/nos, o(\s e)panei=tai ta\ te/lh,
e)/cw tou= te/lous, ou) leitourgw=n: kai\ to\ pra=gma a)te/leia, a)/fesis, a)p
allagh/, a)pragmosu/nh, a)/nesis: h( ga\r a)leitourghsi/a eu)tele/s, a)leitou/r o( d' i)sotelh\s
kai\ i)sopoli/ths, i)so/timos kai\ o(mo/timos, kai\ tou= metoiki/ou a)feime/nos:
kai\ to\ pra=gma i)sote/leia kai\ i)sopolitei/a kai\ i)sotimi/a.
o( d' u(potelh\s
kai\ u(peu/qunos telw=n u(potelw=n, kataba/llwn, ei)sfe/rwn, leitourgw=n,
e)pididou/s: kai\ to\ pra=gma te/los, katabolh/, ei)sfora/, leitourgi/a, e)pi/
dosis.
o( de\ suntelh\s suntelw=n, suneisfe/rwn, sunerani/zwn, kataballo/
menos, sugkataba/llwn, sugkatatiqei/s, sunepididou/s: kai\ ta\ r(h/mata
a)po\ tou/twn tw=n metoxw=n, kai\ to\ pra=gma sunte/leia, suneisfora/, sum
bolh/, e)/ranos.
*kommo/dw| *kai/sari *)iou/lios *poludeu/khs xai/rein.
o)nomastiko/n ti
bibli/on pepoi/htai *gorgi/a| tw=| sofisth=|, ou(twsi\ me\n a)kou=sai paideu
tiko/n, ei)s de\ pei=ran e)lqei=n o)li/gou lo/gou.
tou/tw| tw=| suggra/mmati
pa/lai mh\ prosomilh/sas, a)lla\ nu=n e)ntuxw\n h)rca/mhn peri\ tou/twn tw=n
bibli/wn w(/s ti o)/ntwn fronei=n: ta/ te ga\r a)/lla th\n xrei/an au)tw=n
a)pode/xomai, kai\ o(/ti to\n tw=n o)noma/twn kata/logon, e)/xonta/ ti th=|
fu/sei proskore/s, tw=| tro/pw| th=s diaqe/sews seso/fistai pro\s to\ a)/lupon
e)n tw=| th=s sunta/cews sxh/mati, w(s mhde/na qa=tton tw=| gnwsqe/nti pro
kamei=n, tw=| to\ me/llon a)kou=sai poqei=n.
eu)tu/xei ku/rie.
*(/in' ou)=n kai\ peri\ po/lew/s ti kai\ tw=n th=s po/lews merw=n u(p
ei/pwmen, ou(/tw le/gomen.
oi)kisth/s, oi)ki/zwn, poli/zwn, ou) mh\n kai\
polisth\s kai\ kti/zwn kai\ kti/sths: kai/toi par' *(hrodo/tw|
(
e)/stin o( sugkti/sths.
e)pi\ tou/tw| de\ kai\ o( oi)ki/zwn kai\ tektaino/menos
kai\ u(poballo/menos th\n po/lin, kai\ kataskeua/zwn kai\ kataskeuazo/
menos, kai\ e)rgazo/menos kai\ e)cergazo/menos, kai\ poiw=n kai\ oi)kodo
mou/menos kai\ mhxanw/menos.
kai\ to\ pra=gma oi)kismo\s kai\ para\
*qoukudi/dh|
(
a)/llwn ta\ me\n sklhra\ ta\ de\ koina\ kai\ pro\s e(/teron.
to\ de\ r(h=ma oi)
ki/zein kai\ poli/zein kai\ kti/zein kai\ katoiki/zein, kai\ e)pi/rrhma mo/non to\
oi)kistikw=s.
to\ d' e)/rgon po/lis kai\ a)/stu kai\ sunoiki/a kai\ sunoikismo/s: *ce
nofw=n de\
(
kai\ to\ e)n tw=| peribo/lw| pa=n.
o( d' a)nh\r poli/ths, a)sto/s, oi)kh/twr, e)/noikos,
e)/ntopos, e)gxw/rios, e)ggenh/s, kai\ to\ plh=qos dh=mos, o)/xlos, dhmo/tai, fu
le/tai, ge/nh, e)/qnh.
kai\ ta\ me/rh th=s po/lews ta\ me\n e)/cw po/lews
o(/roi, e)fori/a a)gora/, dh=moi, kw=mai, a)groi/, e)sxatiai/, xw=rai, kh=poi, para/
deisoi, proa/steia, e)nhbhth/ria, e)ndiaith/mata: w(=n e)/nia kai\ e)n po/lei a)\n
ge/noito.
kai\ a)po\ me\n tw=n o(/rwn *zeu\s o(/rios kai\ sth/lh e)fori/a kai\
potamo\s meqo/rios, kai\ o(/moros po/lis kai\ pro/soros to/pos kai\ e)no/rios
xw=ros kai\ u(pero/rios po/lemos kai\ diwrisme/non pra=gma, kai\ prosori/sai
gh=n kai\ a)fori/sasqai xw/ran kai\ u(perori/sai a)/ndra, kai\ e)co/riston ge
ne/sqai, kai\ o(/ria a)naspa/sai.
o( d' o(ri/zwn o(risth/s, kai\ to\ u(po/xrewn xw
ri/on w(risme/non, kai\ h( e)nesthkui=a sth/lh o(/ros, kai\ w(risme/nh h(me/ra h(
ei)rhme/nh, a)po\ de\ dh/mwn oi( kata\ dh/mous oi)kou=ntes kai\ oi( dh
moteuo/menoi kai\ to\ e)/ndhmon plh=qos: ta/xa de\ kai\ to\ e)pidhmei=n kai\
a)podhmei=n, kai\ e)pidhmi/a kai\ a)podhmi/a, kai\ e)/kdhmoi po/lemoi, kai\
para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
dhmon plh=qos kai\ pandhmei\ kai\ pandhmi/a kai\ dhmosi/a| kai\ dhmo
qoini/a kai\ dhmotelei=s e(ortai\ kai\ dhmo/sion pra=gma kai\ dhmo/sios oi)ke/
ths, kai\ dhmeu=sai kai\ dhmosieu=sai, kai\ dh/marxos kai\ dhmiopra/ths kai\
dhmerasth\s kai\ dhmerasti/a kai\ dhmagwgo\s kai\ dhmagwgi/a, kai\ dhmo
tiko/s, kai\ filo/dhmos kai\ miso/dhmos, kai\ dhmokrati/a kai\ dhmokra
tiko/s.
a)po\ dh/mwn d' a)\n ei)/h keklhme/nos kai\ o( dh/mios kai\ o( dh
mo/koinos w(s e)/cw po/lews katoikw=n.
a)po\ de\ kwmw=n kwmh/ths
kai\ kwmh=tis kai\ kw/marxos, kai\ kwmodromei=n kai\ kwmw|dei=n, h)=
pou de\ kai\ kwmw|di/a kai\ kwmw|dodida/skalos kai\ kwmw|dopoio\s kai\ kw
mw|dopoihth/s, kai\ kwmw|dw=n, kai\ kwmiko\n dra=ma kai\ kwmw|diko\n
pra=gma, e)pei\ kata\ kw/mas e)/sthsan th\n prw/thn oi( xoroi/.
ta/x' a)\n
ou)=n a)po\ tou/tou kai\ o( kw=mos ei)/h ei)rhme/nos, kai\ to\ kwma/zein kai\ o( kw
masth\s para\ *pla/twni
(a)po\ d' a)grw=n
oi( me\n *)attikoi\ sxhmatismoi\ a)gro/nde e)lqei=n kai\ a)gro/qi oi)kei=n
kai\ a)gro/qen h(/kein, kai\ eu)qu\ tw=n a)grw=n a)pelqei=n, kai\ e)/ste
pro\s to\n a)gro/n.
a)groiki/a de/, kai\ a)/groikos o( skaio/s, kai\ a)groi=kos o(
e)n a)grw=| zw=n: e)pi\ d' a)mfoi=n o( a)/grios, kai\ ma=llon e)pi\ tou= skaiou=.
i)/sws de\ kai\ h( a)/gra kai\ to\ a)greu/ein kai\ o( a)greuth\s ku/wn, e)pei\ kai\
tau=ta e)/cw po/lews gi/netai, kai/ pou ta\ a)/gria qhri/a, kai\ to\ pa/nagron
li/non kai\ h( a)grote/ra qeo\s kai\ to\ th=s *)agrote/ras te/menos.
ei)/pois d'
a)\n kai\ a)/groikon me/los, kai\ a)/groikon mou=san th\n tw=n ai)po/lwn
te kai\ poime/nwn: o( ga\r a)groiw/ths poihtiko/n.
ou) fau=lon d' a)\n ei)/h
proseipei=n o(/ti kai\ *ni/nos o( *bh/lou to\n au(tou= pai=da e)n a)grw=| texqe/nta
*)/agrwna w)no/masen.
a)po\ de\ xw/ras xw=ros i(ero/s, xwri/ths lew\s kai\
xwritiko\n pra=gma kai\ xwritikw=s e)bi/w, kai\ xwriko\n kai\ xwrikw=s,
kai\ kata\ xw/ran e)/meinen, kai\ filoxwrei=n kai\ filoxwri/a, kai\ xwro
filei=n para\ *)antifw=nti
(
pro/sxwros kai\ o(mo/xwros, ei) mh\ kai\ to\ xwri/zein kai\ e)pixwrei=n kai\
sugxwrei=n kai\ pa/nq' o(/sa toiau=ta th=| xw/ra| prosh/kei.
a)po\ de\ kh/pwn
khpouro/s khpourei=n kai\ khpeu/ein kai\ khpei/a, kai\ khpai/a qu/ra, kai\
kh=pos h( koura/.
oi( de\ para/deisoi, barbariko\n ei)=nai dokou=n tou)/noma
h(/kei kata\ sunh/qeian ei)s xrh=sin *(ellhnikh/n, w(s kai\ a)/lla polla\
tw=n *persikw=n.
ta\ me\n dh\ me/rh tw=n e)/cw po/lews, kai\ o(/sa kat' a)grou/s, e)/xeis e)n
toi=s gewrgikoi=s
(
frou/ria, a(\ kai\ fulakth/ria a)\n le/gois kai\ fruktw/ria kai\ pursou/rgia kai\
skopa/s, kai/ pou kai\ proteixi/smata kai\ xa/rac kai\ xarakw/mata, ta/
froi, stauroi\ kai\ staurw/mata, skhnw/mata kai\ skhnai\ kai\ skhnh/
mata, kalu/bai, strato/peda, kai\ pa/nq' o(/sa e)pi\ froura=| tw=n e)/cw pro
memhxa/nhtai.
pai/zonti de\ to\ strato/pedon e)/cesti kata\ th\n tw=n
pollw=n xrh=sin kai\ parembolh\n o)noma/sai, parexo/meno/n tina tw=n
newte/rwn *qeo/filon e)n *pagkratiasth=| ei)rhko/ta
(
ei)=t' e)n xa/raki me\n tau=ta kai\ parembolh=|:
kai\ *kri/twn' e)n *ai)twloi=s
(
e)kei= ga\r h(mi=n e)sti\n h( parembolh/.
me/rh de\ tw=n pro\ po/lews kai\ kata\ dh/mous i(era/, telesth/ria, me/
gara, a)na/ktora, xrhsth/ria, h(rw=|a, h)ri/a, mnh/mata, polua/ndria, ta/foi:
para\ de\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
mei=a a)/n tis ei)rhme/na eu(/roi ta\ mnh/mata.
e)/cw de\ po/lews kai\ a)/ntra
kai\ sph/laia kai\ sphlaiw/deis u(pofugai/: kai\ *qeo/pompos e)n *pantale/onti
(e)k de\ tou/twn a)/lsh, teme/nh,
au)lai\ au)/lia proau/lia, staqmoi/, ai)po/lia, poi/mnia, shkoi/, ma/ndrai,
sufoi\ sufeoi/, subo/sia, ta/xa de\ kai\ geranobosi/ai kai\ xhnobosi/ai kata\
*pla/twna
(
cd, 198 be)n de\ toi=s proastei/ois kai\ ta\ peripo/lia ei)/h a)/n, ei)
mh\ xwri/ou o)/noma au)to\ nooi=men para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
fh=| "e)n peripoli/ois tisi\n e)lh/fqh."
e)pei\ de\ a)po\ tw=n proastei/wn ei)s a)/stu i)te/on, a)po\ me\n tou= a)/stews
ou)x o( a)sto\s mo/non kai\ h( a)sth/, a)lla\ kai\ o( a)stiko\s kai\ o( a)stei=os kai\
to\ a)stei/+zesqai kai\ a)stupolei=n kai\ a)stuno/mos, kai\ para\ *kriti/a|
(
`13 dh( de\ kwmw|di/a
(
ei)/rhke th=s e)m po/lei.
po/lin d' a)\n ei)/pois h)peirw=tin, nhsiw=tin, xersai/an, a)po\ qala/tths,
meso/geion, e)/falon, pa/ralon para/lion, paraqalatti/dion e)piqalatti/
dion, a)gxiqa/latton: h( ga\r a)gxi/alos poihtw=n.
h( de\ e(kate/rwqen
e)/xousa qa/lattan a)mfiqa/lattos w(s h( *ko/rinqos.
kai\ h( me\n e)n me/sw|
th=s qala/tths e(kate/rwqen parh/kousa gh= a)mfiplh/c kai\ a)mfotero/plous
kai\ au)xh\n kai\ i)sqmo/s: i(/na d' h( qa/latta e(kate/rwqen ou)=sa th\n gh=n
diairei=, tou=to qala/tths au)lw=na kai\ eu)/ripon kai\ porqmo\n dei= kalei=n
w(s *eu)ripi/dhs
(ei)/pois d' a)\n po/lin
th\n me\n e)/nagxos ktisqei=san ne/an, pro/sfaton, kainh/n, neo/ktiston neo
poi/hton neourgo/n neokata/staton, u(po/guon, h(likiw=tin tw=n oi)khto/rwn,
th\n de\ pro\ pollou= a)rxai/an, palaia/n pampa/laion, a)rxaio/plouton
palaio/plouton, w)gugi/an, presbu=tin, ghrw=san u(pergh/rwn u(per
ghrw=san: kai\ to\n me\n tau/ths dh=mon a)rxai=on, au)to/xqona, ghgenh=,
gnh/sion, e)ggenh=, to\n de\ e)kei/nhs e)/phlun e)phlu/thn, e)/poikon, a)llodapo/n.
kai\ ei)s me\n me/geqos e)painw=n th\n po/lin ei)/pois a)\n eu)rei=an, platei=an,
promh/kh u(permh/kh mhki/sthn, mega/lhn megi/sthn u(permege/qh pam
mege/qh, u(pe/rogkon, h(plwme/nhn, e)ktetame/nhn, a)nakexume/nhn.
kai\
th\n me\n e)n o(malei= pedia/da, i)so/pedon, i(pph/laton a(mach/laton, lew
fo/ron, e)pi\ pollh=s eu)ruxwri/as ou)=san, a)napeptame/nhn, a)new|gme/nhn
kai\ kaq' *(/omhron
(*d
poihtiko/n
(
u/yhlon, eu)erkh=, dusa/lwton, duspro/sodon duspro/sbaton duspro/siton,
e)pifanh= u(perfanh=, u(perla/mpousan, prosaniou=san prosanabai/nousan,
toi=s o)/resi prosamillwme/nhn, u(perde/cion pa=san, a)kropo/lei e)oikui=an,
mikrou= u(perne/felon, tai=s korufai=s a(millwme/nhn tw=| e)leuqe/rw| ai)qe/ri,
o)li/gou yau/ousan tw=n nefelw=n, e)gguta/tw tw=n nefw=n, faidrw=| a)e/ri
perirreome/nhn, e)leuqe/rw| tw=| a)e/ri.
ei) de\ ye/gois th\n mei/zw po/lin,
e)/kmetron u(pe/rmetron, a)na/rmoston, dusfu/lakton, duspro/siton dus
plh/rwton, dusoi/khton, peplanhme/nhn, dierrimme/nhn, diespasme/nhn,
e)ggenou=s dh/mou e)ndea=, plh/qous e)pidea=, polugenh= polu/dhmon,
a)/kosmon, a)/kriton, qoru/bou mesth/n, qoru/bou ple/an, a)kolasi/as,
a)kosmi/as, pa/mfulon paggenh=, h)ranisme/nhn, ce/nou lew\ mesth/n,
polu/cenon, ceni/zousan, a)llofu/lou dh/mou ple/an
sth/n, pandhmi/as u(po/plewn, e)peisa/ktou trofh=s deome/nhn, ou)k a)r
kou=san tre/fein tou\s oi)kh/toras, ei)sagwgh=s xrh/|zousan, ei)sagwgi/mwn
siti/wn, e)peisa/ktwn trofw=n: h(\n h( qa/latta ma=llon th=s gh=s tre/fei,
h(\n e)/mporoi ma=llon tw=n gewrgw=n tre/fousin.
o(moi/ws de\ kai\ th\n pe
dia/da ye/gwn ei)/pois a)\n koi/lhn, u(pti/an, e(lw/dh, eu)e/fodon, eu)a/lwton, h(\n
e)c e)pidromh=s a)/n tis e(/loi: th\n d' o)/reion ye/gwn du/smiktos e)rei=s, du/s
odos, a)tribh/s, a)pro/smiktos a)prospe/lastos, du/scenos, du/sbatos
du/sporos, a)na/nths, a)/groikos, xara/dra, fa/ragc, qhri/wn ma=llon
h)\ a)nqrw/pwn po/lis, ai)gi/botos ma=llon h)\ a)stikh/, dusxei/meros du/sqeros,
dusxerh\s xeimw=nos u(po\ tw=n nifetw=n, qe/rous a)/skios.
kai\ a)/llws
d' e)painw=n e)rei=s eu)androume/nhn, a)kma/zousan, eu)qhnou=san: ka)\n ye/gh|s,
flegmai/nousan, o)xlhra/n o)xlw/dh, qlibome/nhn, a)xluw/dh, barei=an, po
lupra/gmona, fortikh\n dia\ plh/qous, qoru/bou ple/a, w)qismou=, ste
noxwri/as, taraxw/dhs.
e)n h(=| de\ o)li/gon to\ plh=qos, o)liga/nqrwpos, e)n
eu)ruxwri/a|, e)n sxolh=|, e)n h(suxi/a|, a)pra/gmwn, a)/lupos: ei) de\ skw/ptois,
e)/rhmon, fortikh/n, o)liga/nqrwpon, e)/rhmon oi)khto/rwn, a)pa/nqrwpon,
e)chrhmwme/nhn, a)oi/khton, kenh/n.
o(moi/ws de\ mikra\n e)painw=n e)rei=s a)r
kou=san, a)poxrw=san, su/mmetron, ou)x u(pe/rogkon summetrikh/n sum
memetrhme/nhn, metri/an memetrhme/nhn, oi)kh/simon, eu)di/aiton: ye/gwn
de\ e)rei=s stenh/n, braxei=an, a)qli/an, talai/pwron po/lisma poli
sma/tion, poli/xnh poli/xnion, kw/mh.
kai\ polla\ a)/lla a)\n eu(/rois e)k
tw=n e)n toi=s pro\ tou/tou bibli/ois proeirhme/nwn e)painw=n me\n th\n
fila/nqrwpon kai\ eu)/cenon po/lin, pa/lin de\ ye/gwn th\n a)pa/nqrwpo/n
te kai\ a)/cenon: ei) ga\r kai\ mh\ e)pi\ po/lew/n e)stin a)ll' e)pi\ a)ndrw=n
ei)rhme/na, th\n gou=n xrh=sin e)/stin a)/gein e)pi\ ta\s po/leis, w(/sper au)=
kai\ o(/sa e)pi\ xwri/wn e)sti\n u(gieinw=n te kai\ noserw=n, kai\ pa/nq' o(/sa
toiau=ta, prosakte/on de\ kai\ tau=ta tai=s po/lesin.
a)ll' o( me\n mega/lhs po/lews poli/ths megalopoli/ths a)\n le/goito,
o( de\ mikra=s mikropoli/ths, o(/qen kai\ *)aristofa/nei
(
to\ mikropolitiko/n, o( de\ ne/as *neapoli/ths kata\ *pla/twna
(
kai\ kat' *)epi/xarmon le/gonta e)n *(arpagai=s
(
kat' *eu)/polin le/gonta e)n *xrusw=| ge/nei
(
oikos.
ta\ d' a)po\ po/lews o)no/mata poli/ths, politei/a, politeuo/menoi
politeu/esqai, politeu/ein politokopei=n kai\ politokopi/a w(s
*sannuri/wn *ge/lwti
(
a)nh/r kai\ lo/gos politiko/s, kai\ poliei=s qeoi\ kai\ poliou=xoi, kai\
filo/polis to\ h)=qos para\ *qoukudi/dh|
(
par' *)antifw=nti
(to\n de\ a)sto\n
*eu)/polis e)n th=| *dia/di
(
e)gxw/rion: ei)/poi d' a)/n tis, oi)=mai, kai\ to\n e)nto/pion, *pla/twnos h( d' i)sqmw=| h)\ porqmw=|
prosoikou=sa po/lis a)mfi/polis, kai\ h( polla\s e)/xousa po/leis xw/ra po
lu/polis: pe/ra ga\r tou= de/ontos filo/timon to\ th\n oi)koume/nhn ei)pei=n
eu)/polin.
kai\ ai( me\n pollai\ po/leis ei)s e(\n suntelou=sai e)/qnos, ai(
de\ pollai\ kw=mai ei)s e(\n o)/noma sumfe/rousai po/lis: toi=s ga\r poih
tai=s kai\ ta\s kw/mas le/gousi po/leis ou) prosekte/on, w(s par' *eu)
ripi/dh| e)n *)ici/wni
(
*eu)/boi' *)aqh/nais e)/sti tis gei/twn po/lis,
kai\ pa/lin e)n *thmeni/dais
(
a(/pasa *pelopo/nnhsos eu)tuxei= po/lis.
tri/a de\ po/lewn e)n oi)kh/sei sxh/mata, h)/peiros nh=sos xerro/nhsos.
me/rh de\ po/lews ta\ me\n e)k qala/tths ai)gialo/s, a)kth/, h)|w/n,
limh\n kai\ lime/nos sto/ma kai\ ba/qos kai\ muxo/s, kai\ o(/rmos de\ kai\ krh
pi/s, new/ria, new/soikoi kai\ w(s *)aristofa/nhs e)n *babulwni/ois
(
naulo/xion.
kai\ dh\ kai\ telw/nia: ei)/rhtai de\ to\ telw/nion e)n
*poseidi/ppou *kw/dwni:
(
to\n pai=d' a)/nw speu/donta pro\s to\ telw/nion
dekathlo/gia, dekateuth/ria, penthkostolo/gia, fulakth/ria.
a)lla\ kai\
dekatw/nia: ke/xrhtai de\ tw=| o)no/mati *)antifa/nhs e)n *(alieuome/nh|:
(
menistai/, dekathlo/goi w(s *dhmosqe/nhs
(
e)n *glau/kw|
(
lo/goi: kai\ penthkostologei=n e)n *filwni/dou *koqo/rnois e)/stin ei)rh
me/non
(
panagei=s genea/n, pornotelw=nai, *megarei=s deinoi/, patraloi=ai.
to\ de\ te/los e)llime/nion, w(s *eu)/polis *au)tolu/kw|
(
e)llime/nion o(dou=nai pri\n ei)sbh=nai/ se dei=,
kai\ deka/th kai\ ei)kosth\ kai\ penthkosth/, kai\ kata\ to\ me/ros th=s e(ka
staxou= ei)spra/cews to\ o)/noma.
h)= pou de\ kai\ paragw/gion te/lous
o)/noma, ei) dei= pro\s a)pologi/an th=s koinh=s xrh/sews pare/xesqai to\
e)n th=| *filippi/dou *sunekpleou/sh|
(
e(ch=s paragw/gion a)\n e)kfe/rh|s, ei)spra/comai." to\ de\ pra=gma te
lwni/a, kai\ telwnei=n to\ r(h=ma, kai\ ei)spra/ttein te/lh, pra/ttein, a)pai
tei=n, e)kle/gein.
kai\ to\ telou/menon par' au)tw=n telw=n a)pografh/, to\
de\ mh\ a)pografe\n a)napo/grafon.
kai\ w(s *)aristofa/nhs e)n *po
luei/dw|
(
e)llimeni/zeis h)\ dekateu/eis;
katabolh\ te/lous, te/los katabalei=n, kataqei=nai, dialu=sai, a)podou=nai,
a)pariqmh=sai, a)poti=sai, ei)senegkei=n.
kai\ to\ u(peu/qunon te/lei u(potele/s,
kai\ filotimou/menos ta/xa kai\ e)ntele\s kai\ e)pitele\s e)rei=s.
to\ d'
a)nupeu/qunon a)tele/s kai\ to\ pra=gma a)te/leia, kai\ ou) mo/non a)/nqrwpos
a)telh\s a)lla\ kai\ limh/n, o(/pou mhde\n ei)spra/ttetai.
kai\ kaki/zwn me\n
telw/nhn ei)/pois a)\n baru/s, fortiko/s, a)/gxwn, lh|steu/wn lhizo/menos,
parekle/gwn, qala/tths a)griw/teros, xeimw=nos biaio/teros, katadu/wn
tou\s kataxqe/ntas, a)pa/nqrwpos, e)paxqh/s, a)/plhstos, a)/metros, ai)s
xrokerdh/s, bi/aios, a)popni/gwn, pie/zwn, lwpodutw=n, a)podu/wn, a(rpa/
zwn, a)fairou/menos, pareispra/ttwn, i)tamo/s, a)nai/sxuntos, a)phru
qriakw/s, dusxerh/s, a)nh/meros, a)/grios, a)/cenos, qhriw/dhs, e(/rma, pro/
bolos pe/tra, naua/gion, qhri/on a)/mikton, kai\ o(/sa e)n tai=s h)/qous
loidori/ais e)/xeis: filotimoume/nw| de\ e)/cestin ei)pei=n *salmudhsso/s,
*kafhreu/s, kai\ o(/sa e)n qala/tth| du/smikta kai\ a)/cena xwri/a.
ei) d'
e)painei=s telw/nhn, ei)/pois a)\n e)/nnomos, eu)/cenos, di/kaios, e)ndote/rw
tou= no/mou, prao/teros tou= li/an a)kribou=s, krei/ttwn tou= bi/ou, ei)dw\s
ai)dei=sqai, paramuqou/menos th\n tou= plou= dusxe/reian, ei)s o(\n a)/n tis
a)napau/saito, w(=| tis a)\n h(de/ws prosormi/saito.
to\ me/ntoi ta\ te/lh
paralabei=n ei)/pois a)\n pri/asqai kai\ misqw/sasqai, kai\ tou\s a)/rxontas
e)kdido/nai ta\ te/lh, pipra/skein, khru/ttein, a)pomisqou=n.
ta\ de\ peri\ tou\s lime/nas me/rh dei=gma, xw=ma, e)mpo/rion, kai\
w(s *(uperei/dhs
(
airei=tai, w(/sper kai\ to\ dei=gma tou)/noma a)po\ tou= dei/gmata tw=n
a)gwgi/mwn toi=s w)nhtiw=si di/dosqai, par' *(uperei/dh| e)n toi=s u(pe\r
tou= tari/xous
(tou= d' e)mpori/ou me/rh kaphlei=a kai\
pornei=a, a(\ kai\ oi)kh/mata a)/n tis ei)/poi: kai\ to\ plh=qos ou) nautiko\n
mo/non, o(/son e)n toi=s peri\ new=n e)sti\n ei)rhme/non, a)ll' e)/mporoi kai\
ka/phloi, kai\ o(/sa e)/xeis e)n toi=s peri\ ta\s te/xnas.
ta\ de\ th=s po/lews me/rh tei=xos kai\ ta\ tei/xous me/rh, a(\ toi=s
stratiwtikoi=s e)ne/graya, kai/ pou pu/lai kai\ puli/des kai\ oi( e)f
esthko/tes tou/tois pulwroi/, w(s oi( e)n toi=s tei/xesi teixofu/lakes:
kai\ ta\ me/rh tw=n pulw=n a(\ kai\ tw=n qurw=n, sani/des ptu/xes qairoi\
strofei=s, kai\ o(/sa eu(rh/seis e)n toi=s peri\ oi)kiw=n
(ei)/sw de\ par
elqo/ntwn to\ me\n su/mpan o( e)ntei/xios to/pos, ei)/sw tei/xous, e)nto\s tei
xw=n: ta\ d' e)/ndon a)guiai\ me\n kata\ *cenofw=nta
(
kai\ kaq' *(/omhron
(
pepoi/htai, kai\ *)apo/llwn a)guieu/s.
tau=ta de\ kai\ a)/mfoda e)/stin
eu(rei=n keklhme/na ou) par' *)aristofa/nei mo/non, ei)po/nti e)n *qesmo
foriazou/sais
(
a)/mfodon e)xrh=n au)tw=| teqei=sqai tou)/noma,
a)lla\ kai\ par' *(uperei/dh| e)n tw=| peri\ a)ntido/sews pro\s *pasikle/a
(
to\ a)/mfodon".
kaloi=to d' a)\n kai\ kw=mai tau=ta, o(/qen kai\ kwmh/
tas tou\s gei/tonas kai\ kwmh/tidas w)no/mazon: *)aristofa/nhs gou=n e)n
me\n *dra/masin h)\ *kentau/rw|
(
xarton," e)n de\ *lusistra/th|
(
plh\n h(/ g' e)mh\ kwmh=tis:
*)/iwn de\ e)n *foi/niki
(
a)ll' w)= qure/trwn tw=nde kwmh=tai qeoi/.
dokei= de/ moi kai\ o( kw=mos a)po\ tau/ths w)noma/sqai th=s kw/mhs, kai\ to\
e)gkw/mion e)pi\ tai=s ni/kais e)pa|do/menon.
tou\s me\n dh\ gei/tonas kai\ pros
oi/kous kai\ sunoi/kous kai\ paroikou=ntas kai\ prosoikou=ntas, ta/xa
de\ kai\ paroi/kous kai\ a)gxiqu/rous e)rei=s, *eu)/polis de\ e)n *ko/laci
(e)pi\ de\ tou/tois ta\s
me\n eu)rute/ras o(dou\s lewfo/rous a)\n kai\ a(macitou\s kaloi/hs kai\ a(ma
chla/tous kai\ i(pphla/tous, ta\s de\ stena\s stenwpou\s kai\ lau/ras, *(omh/rou
ei)po/ntos
(
e)/ktosqen d' e)ustaqe/os mega/roio
h)=n o(do\s e)s lau/rhn.
ta/xa d' a)\n eu(/rois kai\ r(u/mhn ei)rhme/nhn kai\ platei=an, w(s oi( nu=n le/
gousi, *filh/monos me\n e)n *panhgu/rei ei)po/ntos
(
th\n platei=a/n soi mo/non
tau/thn pepoi/hken o( basileu/s,
*filippi/dhs de\ e)n *fileuripi/dh|
(
po/sthn u(f' o(dou= w(s ei)=nai paida/rion r(u/mhn; tri/thn
o( ga\r stenwpo\s ou(=tos e)n *)aqh/nais h)=n:
kai\ *lakia/dais
(
o)rqw=s ge th\n r(u/mhn o(doiporh/kamen.
kai\ to\ me\n plh=qos tw=n oi)kodomhma/twn oi)ki/ai kai\ sunoiki/ai, kai\ oi)
ki/as peri/dromos, w(s e)n tw=| *gh/rai *)aristofa/nous
(
e)pi\ tou= peridro/mou sta=sa th=s sunoiki/as.
kai\ perioi/kion de/ ti mikro\n kai\ oi)ki/dion, kai\ oi)ki/skhn *dhmosqe/nhs
e)n tw=| kata\ *)olumpiodw/rou
(
farmakotri/bas kai\ th\n oi)ki/skhn, e)gw\ d' e)/labon tou\s sakxufa/ntas
kai\ th\n oi)ki/an," w(s ei)=nai th\n oi)ki/skhn mikro\n oi)ki/dion.
e)n de\
tw=| *lusi/ou pro\s *fi/lwna u(pe\r *qeoklei/dou
(
e)/stin eu(rei=n oi)ka/rion: "a)ll' ei)s to\ oi)ka/rion to\ o)/pisqe th=s
gunaikwni/tidos".
kai/ pou kai\ e)rgasth/rion kai\ katagwgai/.
ta\ de\
dhmo/sia a)kro/polis, h(\n kai\ a)/kran a)\n ei)/pois kai\ po/lin, kai\ tou\s e)n
au)th=| qeou\s a)krai/ous kai\ poliei=s, kai\ to\ kato/pin th=s a)kropo/lews o)pi
sqo/domon.
ta/xa de\ th\n a)kro/polin kai\ basi/leion a)/n tis ei)/poi kai\ tu
rannei=on.
ei)si\ d' e)n au)th=| prutanei=on kai\ e(sti/a th=s po/lews, par' h(=|
e)sitou=nto oi(/ te kata\ dhmosi/an presbei/an h(/kontes kai\ oi( dia\ pra=ci/n
tina sith/sews a)ciwqe/ntes, kai\ ei)/ tis e)k timh=s a)ei/sitos h)=n.
i(era\ de\
kai\ new\| kai\ a)/lsh kai\ teme/nh kai\ e(/rkh e)n toi=s i(eroi=s proei/rhtai
(
ta\ me/ntoi e)nhlu/sia, ou(/tws w)noma/zeto ei)s a(\ kataskh/yeie be/los e)c
ou)ranou=: o(\ kai\ e)nskh=yai kai\ e)gkataskh=yai kai\ katelqei=n
e)/legon, kai\ to\n *di/a to\n e)p' au)tw=| kataiba/thn.
perieirxqe/nta de\ ta\
e)nhlu/sia a)/yausta a)nei=to.
po/lews d' au)= me/rh kai\ stoai\ kai\ dro/moi kai\ strath/gia kai\ a)rxei=a
kai\ grammatei=a kai\ didaskalei=a, a(\ kai\ paidagw/gia kai\ fwleou\s
w)no/mazon.
e)ka/loun de\ to\ didaskalei=on kai\ xoro/n, o(po/te kai\ to\n di
da/skalon xorhgo\n kai\ to\ dida/skein xorhgei=n, kai\ ma/lista oi( *dwriei=s,
w(s *)epi/xarmos e)n *)odussei= au)tomo/lw|
(
xorhgei=on to\ didaskalei=on w)no/masen.
ei) me/ntoi to\ didaskalei=on
kai\ diatribh\n kata\ th\n tw=n pollw=n xrh=sin e)qe/leis kalei=n,
o(/ra mh/ se bia/zhtai kai\ to\ par' *ai)sxi/nh|
(
e)n th=| tw=n meiraki/wn diatribh=|." e)/sti de\ kai\ no/mos *)attiko\s kata\
tw=n filosofou/ntwn grafei/s, o(\n *sofoklh=s *)amfiklei/dou *sounieu\s
ei)=pen, e)n w(=| tina\ kata\ au)tw=n proeipw\n e)ph/gage mh\ e)cei=nai mhdeni\
tw=n sofistw=n diatribh\n kataskeua/sasqai.
kai\ mh\n ou)k a)/doca po/lews me/rh gumna/sia kai\ balanei=a i)/sws
de\ kai\ puriath/ria, *eu)po/lidos ei)po/ntos e)n *dh/mois
(
"o(/ ti; to\ puriath/rion." kai\ dh\ kai\ to\ para\ *pla/twni
(
euthyd 272 e
politei/a|
(
custoi/.
*cenofw=n de\ kai\ xwri\s tou= dro/mou tw=| custw=| kexrh=sqai dokei=
e)n tw=| *oi)konomikw=|
(
toi/hn." ei)/rhtai de\ kai\ e)n tw=| *)aristi/ou *)orfei=
(
h)=n moi palai/stra kai\ dro/mos custo\s pe/las.
prosariqmhte/on de\ toi=s dhmosi/ois qe/atron, kai\ qea/trou
me/ros pro\s toi=s proeirhme/nois
(
*)ale/cidos *gunaikokrati/a|
(
e)ntau=qa peri\ th\n e)sxa/thn dei= kerki/da
u(ma=s kaqizou/sas qewrei=n w(s ce/nas.
e)pi\ qea/trw| de\ kai\ sta/dion, i(ppo/dromon, w)|dei=on, bouleuth/rion, a)gora/n:
dikasth/ria basi/leion au)lh/n, basi/leion stoa/n, basi/leion dikasth/rion:
logisth/rion, i(/na oi( logistai\ suneka/qizon, klhrwth/rion, i(/na oi( klh
rwtai/.
a)lla\ mh\n kai\ o(ploqh=kai h)=san, i(/na ta\ o(/pla a)pe/keito, kai\
dh\ kai\ qhsauroi\ kai\ tamiei=a, i(/na ta\ xrh/mata kai\ oi( puroi/.
e)n de\
*mena/ndrou *eu)nou/xw|
(
keliw=tai w)no/mazon, kai\ e)/sti tou)/noma e)n *)epixa/rmou *bousi/ridi
(h)= pou de\ kai\ pompei=on ei)/h a)\n oi)/khma koino/n, *dh
mosqe/nous ei)po/ntos e)n tw=| pro\s *formi/wna
(
tau=ta de\ e)n tw=| pompei/w| diametrou/mena."
h)=n de\ tw=n dhmosi/wn oi)kodomhma/twn kai\ ei(rkth/, o(\ kai\ desmwth/
rion kai\ oi)/khma kai\ gorgu/ra, w(s oi( *)/iwnes e)/legon.
ou) mo/non de\ to\
desmwth/rion oi)/khma para\ toi=s *)attikoi=s e)/stin ei)rhme/non, a)lla\
kai\ to\ pornei=on, kai\ dh\ kai\ a(plw=s to\ oi)kh/simon: o(/ te ga\r *pla/twn
e)n tw=| *prwtago/ra|
(
me\n w(s tamiei/w| e)xrh=to," kai\ pa/lin e)n toi=s *no/mois
(?
) dhmosi/ois
oi)kh/masin u(pode/xesqai e)/fh, kai\ *qoukudi/dhs e)n tw=| tri/tw|
bibli/w|
(
tw=n de\ po/lews merw=n kai\ a)ndrw=nes pasta/des, sussi/tia, sum
po/sia, u(drei=a, u(drorro/ai, li/bhqra, krh=nai, proece/drai qro/noi qw=
koi kai\ w(s *sw/frwn
(to\ de\ kalou/
menon w(rolo/gion h)= pou po/lon a)/n tis ei)/poi, fh/santos *)aristofa/nous
e)n *ghruta/dh|
(
po/los tou=t' e)sti/n; e(/kasta po/sthn h(/lios te/traptai;
e(\n de\ tw=n koinw=n kai\ biblioqh=kai, h)\ w(s *eu)/poli/s
(
`304 ko
to\n to/pon "ta\ bibli/a" oi( *)attikoi\ w)no/mazon, w(/sper kai\ tou\s a)/llous
to/pous a)po\ tw=n e)n au)toi=s pipraskome/nwn, w(s ei) fai=en "a)ph=lqon
e)s tou)=yon kai\ e)s to\n oi)=non kai\ e)s tou)/laion kai\ e)s ta\s xu/tras," kai\
kata\ to\n *eu)/polin
(
perih=lqon ei)s ta\ sko/roda kai\ ta\ kro/mmua
kai\ to\n libanwto/n, keu)qu\ tw=n a)rwma/twn,
kai\ peri\ ta\ ge/lgh.
ei)/h d' a)\n kai\ mageirei=a tw=n po/lews merw=n, ou)x h(=|per ta\ loipa\
tw=n u(po\ tai=s te/xnais e)rgasthri/wn, a)ll' o( to/pos o(/qen misqou=ntai
tou\s magei/rous, w(s *)antifa/nhs e)n *stratiw/th|
(
dhlou=n e)/oiken:
e)k tw=n mageirei/wn badi/zwn, e)mbalw/n
ei)s tou)=yon.
memno/neia de\ e)ka/loun ou(= ta\ tw=n o)/nwn kre/a e)pipra/sketo, i)/sws tw