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Colored diff for /texts/archimedes/xml/carda_subti_016_la_1663.xml between version 1.23 and 1.37

version 1.23, 2007/04/04 13:28:41

version 1.37, 2007/05/17 10:58:13

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<s id="s.000053">Quæ verò immortalia & in<lb/>corporea nullius erant cau&longs;a: mortali cor<lb/>pori annexa fuêre. </s>

<s id="s.000054">Alia igitur horum ma<lb/>nife&longs;ta, alia de quibus e&longs;t dubitatio. </s>

<s id="s.000055">Atque <lb/>illa &longs;i &longs;int præclara magis, dæmonas quidam <lb/>vocant, de quibus ante intelligentias tra<lb/>ctabimus. </s>

<s id="s.000056">Tum verò ante illud de xxiv. </s>

<s id="s.000056">Tum verò ante illud de xxiv. ge<lb/>neribus repræ&longs;entationum dictis, ob rei affi<lb/>nitatem: plerique enim mirabilia &longs;unt, ad <lb/>hos veluti cau&longs;as referunt. </s>

<s id="s.000057">ge<lb/>neribus repræ&longs;entationum dictis, ob rei affi<lb/>nitatem: plerique enim mirabilia &longs;unt, ad <lb/>hos veluti cau&longs;as referunt. </s>

<s id="s.000058">Verùm cùm an <lb/>&longs;int, nondum liqueat naturam &longs;pectantibus, <lb/>de his tantùm, velut de probabilibus loque<lb/>mur, initium ab effectibus, &longs;olúmque id <lb/>cum dubitatione &longs;umentes. </s>

<s id="s.000059">At de intelle<lb/>ctus immortalitate, illiú&longs;que &longs;eparatione, <lb/>aliàs dictum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.000060">Reliquum e&longs;t igitur, vt de <lb/>propriis illius affectus loquamur. </s>

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<s id="s.000095">Iam verò propo&longs;itum rem ag<lb/>grediamur. </s>

<s id="s.000096"><margin.target id="marg3"/>Subtilitas in <lb/>quib. </s>

<s id="s.000096"><margin.target id="marg3"/>Subtilitas in <lb/>quib. &longs;it. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.000097">&longs;it. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.000098">Quæ <expan abbr="tractã-da">tractan<lb/>da</expan> &longs;int in <lb/>his libris.</s>

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<s id="s.000302">Sed aqua, quæ effluit ex C, non præ<lb/>bet con&longs;iderandi cau&longs;am, cùm tamen &longs;it hu<lb/>milior ip&longs;a aqua, quæ in va&longs;e continetur: <lb/>quia attractio illa non fit, ni&longs;i continuita<lb/>tis ratione: continuitas pendet ex ratione ra<lb/>ritatis, quæ nulla e&longs;&longs;e pote&longs;t, aqua iam <lb/>egrediente os canalis C. </s>

<s id="s.000303">Denique tota hæc <lb/>contemplatio ab&longs;oluitur hoc argumento, <pb pagenum="364" xlink:href="016/01/013.jpg"/>quòd aqua, quæ debet trahere aliam aquam <lb/>&longs;ecum, oportet vt va&longs;e contineatur, quoniam <lb/>&longs;ine illo conuelli nequit, &longs;ed ab aëre iuuatur <lb/>adueniente, & vt corpus continuum ad &etail;qui<lb/>librium perueniat. </s>

<s id="s.000304">Cùm igitur humilius e&longs;t <lb/>o&longs;culum C, ad illud perueniet: tùm autem <lb/>&longs;ublimius, non de&longs;cendet: quia quæ è directo <lb/>e&longs;t loci inferioris, vt in A, a&longs;cendere cogetur <lb/>ad C, quod e&longs;t in directo D. </s>

<s id="s.000305">Si autem aqua <lb/>de&longs;cendat primò, deinde a&longs;cendat, vt in figu<lb/>ra &longs;equente, ex A, in B, inde in E, & po&longs;tmo</s>

<s id="s.000305">Si autem aqua <lb/>de&longs;cendat primò, deinde a&longs;cendat, vt in figu<lb/>ra &longs;equente, ex A, in B, inde in E, & po&longs;tmo<arrow.to.target n="marg25"/><lb/><figure id="id.016.01.013.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/013/1.jpg"/><lb/>dum in C, & in D: tunc peruenire poterit, &longs;i <lb/>D, minùs di&longs;tet à linea B C, quàm A, locus, <lb/>ex quo de&longs;cendit. </s>

<s id="s.000306"><arrow.to.target n="marg25"/><lb/><figure id="id.016.01.013.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/013/1.jpg"/><lb/>dum in C, & in D: tunc peruenire poterit, &longs;i <lb/>D, minùs di&longs;tet à linea B C, quàm A, locus, <lb/>ex quo de&longs;cendit. </s>

<s id="s.000307">Sed oportet in &longs;ingulis &longs;pa<lb/>tiis certam e&longs;&longs;e differentiam altitudinis A, & <lb/>D. </s>

<s id="s.000308">Quantò enim longior via fuerit, eò maior <lb/>differentia A, & D, iuxta altitudinis men&longs;u<lb/>ram e&longs;&longs;e debet. </s>

<s id="s.000309">Hinc errores quorundam, qui <lb/>ad libramentum, quum conati e&longs;&longs;ent aquas <lb/>deducere, maximas iacturas impen&longs;arum &longs;u&longs;<lb/>ceperunt. </s>

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<s id="s.000332">Iuxta verò hanc ratio<lb/>nem liquet ponderis magnitudinem e&longs;&longs;e pro <lb/>ratione impellentis aquæ. </s>

<s id="s.000333">Nam &longs;i ( vt gratia <lb/>exempli dicam) cymba viginti amphoras &longs;u<lb/>&longs;tinet, hoc e&longs;t, quia aër inclu&longs;us ab aquæ am<lb/>phoris viginti &longs;uperiùs impellitur, vt aqua <lb/>illa &longs;cilicet, quæ in naui contineretur, locum <lb/>&longs;uum recipiat. </s>

<s id="s.000334">Bellè igitur conuenit hoc ex<lb/>perimentum cum ratione, quæ &longs;uperiùs dicta <lb/>e&longs;t, &longs;cilicet ve&longs;icam aëre plenam ab aqua &longs;ur<lb/>sùm pelli, quòd ve&longs;ica aquæ locum occupet: <lb/>quare pondus pro magnitudine aquæ, quam <lb/>ve&longs;ica continere pote&longs;t, in aëre &longs;u&longs;tinebit: id <lb/>e&longs;t, ita ve&longs;icæ pondere &longs;uperimpo&longs;ito, vt ip<lb/>&longs;um pondus totum in aëre &longs;it, non in aqua. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.000335">Verùm pondus, quod in aqua e&longs;t ( vt ad na</s>

<s id="s.000335">Verùm pondus, quod in aqua e&longs;t ( vt ad na<arrow.to.target n="marg27"/><lb/>uigium eruendum rur&longs;us veniam ) tantò le<lb/>uius redditur, quantò aqua ip&longs;a grauior ex<lb/>titerit: vnde paucioribus cymbis opus erit, <lb/>quàm quæ pondus demer&longs;i nauigij ferre po&longs;<lb/>&longs;ent. </s>

<s id="s.000336"><arrow.to.target n="marg27"/><lb/>uigium eruendum rur&longs;us veniam ) tantò le<lb/>uius redditur, quantò aqua ip&longs;a grauior ex<lb/>titerit: vnde paucioribus cymbis opus erit, <lb/>quàm quæ pondus demer&longs;i nauigij ferre po&longs;<lb/>&longs;ent. </s>

<s id="s.000337">Duplici verò ratione nauigia ex gra<lb/>uioribus aquis faciliùs extrahuntur, quàm <pb pagenum="365" xlink:href="016/01/014.jpg"/>ex leuioribus: atque ideò ex mari, quàm ex <lb/>fluminibus, vel lacubus. </s>

<s id="s.000338">Altera quòd cymbæ <lb/>in mari plus &longs;u&longs;tinent ponderis: reliqua, quòd <lb/>nauigium in ea aqua minùs graue e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.000339">Opor<lb/>tet <expan abbr="hãc">hanc</expan> <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> ob cau&longs;am animaduertere, cùm, <lb/>vt dictum e&longs;t, nauigium grauius reddatur in <lb/>aquæ &longs;uperficie <emph type="italics"/>(<emph.end type="italics"/> quia partim e&longs;t in aëre) <lb/>quàm in imo, vt quantò magis eleuatur à <lb/>cymbis, eò plures ac maiores cymbæ alligen<lb/>tur, ne decepti hac ratione non &longs;olùm denuò <lb/>mergatur, &longs;ed & impetu adiecto omnes <expan abbr="&longs;ec&utilde;">&longs;ecum</expan> <lb/>cymbas in profundum trahat. </s>

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<s id="s.000450">Sed po&longs;tquàm de motibus natura<lb/>libus &longs;ermonem habuimus, qui in loco <lb/>fiunt, par e&longs;t vt quid &longs;it locus intelligamus. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.000451">Nam & hoc e&longs;&longs;e quintum naturalium rerum <lb/>principium &longs;uppo&longs;itum e&longs;t: &longs;uppo&longs;itones au<lb/>tem hæ, &longs;ecundùm &longs;en&longs;um demon&longs;trationi<lb/>bus ip&longs;is &longs;unt firmiores. </s>

<s id="s.000452">Quid igitur &longs;it locus, <lb/>&longs;ciendum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.000453">E&longs;t igitur locus, vltima corpo</s>

<s id="s.000453">E&longs;t igitur locus, vltima corpo<arrow.to.target n="marg35"/><lb/>ris &longs;uperficies, corpus contentum ambiens. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.000454"><arrow.to.target n="marg35"/><lb/>ris &longs;uperficies, corpus contentum ambiens. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.000455">Manet autem recedente corpore, quia ad c&oelig;<lb/>li ambitum comparata e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.000456">Manife&longs;tum e&longs;t <lb/>igitur, locum quemlibet æqualem e&longs;&longs;e cor<lb/>pori in eo contento ad vnguem: & quòd om<lb/>ne corpus e&longs;t in loco, & quòd in omni loco <lb/>aliquod corpus e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.000457">Nam omne corpus &longs;uam <lb/>habet extremam &longs;uperficiem, & illa vbi nul<lb/>lum aliud &longs;it corpus à quo contineatur vt vl<lb/>timum, c&oelig;lum e&longs;t ei locus: alia autem cor-<pb pagenum="368" xlink:href="016/01/017.jpg"/>pora ab alio continentur. </s>

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<s id="s.000729">Tria igitur &longs;unt elementa: terra, quæ den<lb/>&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t atque graui&longs;&longs;ima, in imoque po&longs;i<lb/>ta: aër, qui rari&longs;&longs;imus, leui&longs;&longs;imus, in &longs;uprema <lb/>parte collocatur: & aqua, quæ medium in <lb/>omnibus his inter hæc po&longs;&longs;idet. </s>

<s id="s.000730">Communia <lb/>omnibus &longs;unt, quòd expertia &longs;int innatæ ca<lb/>liditatis, nullus enim calor ni&longs;i à c&oelig;lo, atque <lb/>ideo ab anima vel luce. </s>

<s id="s.000731">Terra quòd nimis <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;a, aër quòd nimis tenuis, minus frigida </s>

<s id="s.000731">Terra quòd nimis <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;a, aër quòd nimis tenuis, minus frigida <arrow.to.target n="marg58"/><lb/>e&longs;&longs;e videntur: &longs;ed aqua cum media &longs;it &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tantia, frigidi&longs;&longs;ima apparet. </s>

<s id="s.000732"><arrow.to.target n="marg58"/><lb/>e&longs;&longs;e videntur: &longs;ed aqua cum media &longs;it &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tantia, frigidi&longs;&longs;ima apparet. </s>

<s id="s.000733">Aër igitur cum <lb/>ingraue&longs;cit, frigidior videtur. </s>

<s id="s.000734">Sed &longs;i non af<lb/>ficiatur, ob tenuitatem qua&longs;i temperatus exi<lb/>&longs;timatur. </s>

<s id="s.000735">Porrò frigida iam &longs;pontè cùm den<lb/>&longs;antur, frigidiora fiunt, veluti glacies. </s>

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<s id="s.000920">E&longs;t h&etail;c <lb/>plerunque coloris cinerei: nam in candida <lb/>iam ignis exhalauit, quia aër ingre&longs;&longs;us e&longs;t: <lb/>candor enim fit ingrediente nece&longs;&longs;ariò aë<lb/>re. </s>

<s id="s.000921">Talis autem ex &longs;olidioribus lapidibus fit: <lb/>nam lapides, vt &longs;olidiores extiterint, maio<lb/>rem & diuturniorem calorem retinent. </s>

<s id="s.000922">Quo<lb/>modo verò calor in his quæ ardent relin<lb/>quatur, & motu ac coitione ignis accen<lb/>datur, inferius o&longs;tendemus. </s>

<s id="s.000923">Verùm motus <lb/>non &longs;olùm penetrare magis cogit, &longs;ed & ca</s>

<s id="s.000923">Verùm motus <lb/>non &longs;olùm penetrare magis cogit, &longs;ed & ca<arrow.to.target n="marg87"/><lb/>lorem ip&longs;um accendit, atque ( vt dixi ignem <lb/>igne calidiorem reddit. </s>

<s id="s.000924"><arrow.to.target n="marg87"/><lb/>lorem ip&longs;um accendit, atque ( vt dixi ignem <lb/>igne calidiorem reddit. </s>

<s id="s.000925">Nihil mirum igitur <lb/>e&longs;t fulmini tantam ine&longs;&longs;e vim, ac ignem <lb/>illum, qua&longs;i ab aliorum ignium natura alie<lb/>num miracula quædam efficere. </s>

<s id="s.000926">Namque ob <lb/>motum celerem non &longs;olùm magis penetrat, <lb/>&longs;ed ignis ille multò calidior reliquo omni <lb/>igne exi&longs;tit. </s>

<s id="s.000927">Itaque omnia animalia præter <lb/>hominem &longs;olo contactu occidit, hominem <lb/>verò vix vnquam euadere licet. </s>

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<s id="s.000988">Canalis capit <lb/>&longs;phæram pilæ paruæ magnitudine. </s>

<s id="s.000989">Ferreo <lb/>baculo dum exoneratur, &longs;u&longs;tinetur, caudá<lb/>que continetur: vnius hominis onus ac ma<lb/>china: cæterùm ob cra&longs;&longs;itudinem mirum in <lb/>modum valida, nec minus tuta. </s>

<s id="s.000990">Aliud, in <lb/>quo cauitas ampla iuxta foramen: varij mo<lb/>dioli cauitati imponuntur, omnes eiu&longs;dem <lb/>magnitudinis, quorum canales canalibus <lb/>machinæ è directo corre&longs;pondent, vt muta<lb/>tis modiolis non concale&longs;cat machina. </s>

<s id="s.000991">Vi<arrow.to.target n="marg97"/><lb/>dimus hæc Papi&etail; Principis Saxoniæ inuen<lb/>ta. </s>

<s id="s.000992"><arrow.to.target n="marg97"/><lb/>dimus hæc Papi&etail; Principis Saxoniæ inuen<lb/>ta. </s>

<s id="s.000993">Fiunt <emph type="italics"/>(<emph.end type="italics"/> vt dixi) è Cyprio ære maiores, &longs;ed <lb/>tuti&longs;&longs;imæ è ferro, vnde nunc minores om<lb/>nes: maiores tamen ex ferro efficere opero<lb/>&longs;um e&longs;t, ob id pleræque è Cyprio ære. </s>

<s id="s.000994">Tor<lb/>no minores, maiores liquato metallo pla<lb/>&longs;tices opera: inde etiam torno. </s>

<s id="s.000995">Fiunt au<lb/>tem typi pro fingendis machinis plerunque <lb/>è tribus fru&longs;tis, quoniam ex vno fingere ni<lb/>mis e&longs;&longs;et difficile, quando vel &longs;ic etiam gra<lb/>ue &longs;it. </s>

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<s id="s.001063">Erat & aliud dubitatione dignum: quo<lb/>niam ignis quiddam à quocunque calore &longs;e<lb/>paratum videbatur, non tamen e&longs;t, licet co<lb/>lorem mutet, & &longs;ibi &longs;imilem facilè gignat. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.001064">Sed non omnis ignis &longs;plendet: etenim fer<lb/>rum igneum &longs;ulphur accendit & vrit, ex <lb/>quo patet ip&longs;um ignis iam formam conce</s>

<s id="s.001064">Sed non omnis ignis &longs;plendet: etenim fer<lb/>rum igneum &longs;ulphur accendit & vrit, ex <lb/>quo patet ip&longs;um ignis iam formam conce<arrow.to.target n="marg105"/><lb/>pi&longs;&longs;e, nec tamen &longs;plendere. </s>

<s id="s.001065"><arrow.to.target n="marg105"/><lb/>pi&longs;&longs;e, nec tamen &longs;plendere. </s>

<s id="s.001066">Ita diuer&longs;a ra<lb/>tione ignis quem ardens aqua emittit, non <lb/>&longs;olùm ob &longs;ub&longs;tantiæ raritatem, &longs;ed quia mi<lb/>nus calidus e&longs;t: ob id et&longs;i con&longs;umatur & <lb/>&longs;plendeat, vix dicam illum ignem, qui lin<lb/>teum cui inhæret, & quod aqua ip&longs;a maduit, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg106"/><lb/>non vrat, ignem dici debere. </s>

<s id="s.001067">Eadem ratio <lb/>&longs;ic &longs;i diutiùs di&longs;tilletur, attenuetúrque ma<lb/>gis, magno miraculo manus ardebit, neque <lb/>&longs;entiet. </s>

<s id="s.001068">Itaque &longs;i quis rectè in&longs;piciat, po&longs;t<lb/>quàm calor certam metam attigit, ignis di<lb/>ci meretur: hæc autem meta non vna e&longs;t, <lb/>&longs;ed quum aërem vincere pote&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.001255">Non, &longs;ed cùm non fue<lb/>rit prohibens: prohibens autem materia <lb/>multa. </s>

<s id="s.001256">Rur&longs;us ne igne, qui calidi&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t, te</s>

<s id="s.001256">Rur&longs;us ne igne, qui calidi&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t, te<arrow.to.target n="marg122"/><lb/>nuior æther? </s>

<s id="s.001257"><arrow.to.target n="marg122"/><lb/>nuior æther? </s>

<s id="s.001258">Certè &longs;ic, nam c&oelig;lo conti<lb/>guus, ideóque leui&longs;&longs;imus: impre&longs;&longs;am enim <lb/>ab a&longs;tris caliditatem circulatione modera<lb/>tur tenuitate retenta? </s>

<s id="s.001259">atque eodem modo <lb/>hæc aqua calore ignis ad &longs;ummam redacta <lb/>tenuitatem, motu ip&longs;o refrigeratur, ac tem<lb/>periem acquirit. </s>

<s id="s.001260">Itaque & hæc, & æther, <lb/>medium qua&longs;i &longs;unt inter mortalia, immor<lb/>taliáque. </s>

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<s id="s.001337"><margin.target id="marg130"/>Tria tantum <lb/>verè in mi<lb/>&longs;tis, terra & <lb/>aqua pro ma<lb/>teria, & ca<lb/>lor c&oelig;le&longs;tis <lb/>agens.</s>

<s id="s.001338"><margin.target id="marg131"/>2. de Part. <lb/>animal. </s>

<s id="s.001339">animal. </s>

<s id="s.001340">Ca. <lb/>1. in initio.</s>

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<s id="s.001488">Nam quæcunque mi&longs;ta &longs;unt, ge<lb/>nerantur, & corrumpuntur: quod autem ge<lb/>nerat, & corrumpit, calor e&longs;t naturalis: calor <lb/>autem naturalis, aut anima, aut non &longs;ine ani<lb/>ma. </s>

<s id="s.001489">Mi&longs;ta igitur omnia calida, & calidum <lb/>omne viuit, aut ad vitam properat. </s>

<s id="s.001490">Calor <lb/>enim ille c&oelig;le&longs;tis nunquam ce&longs;&longs;at, donec <lb/>aliquid generauerit, & quod generat, iuxta <lb/>&longs;ui potentiam, & magnitudinem generat. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.001491">Vnde in Ægypto cùm magnus &longs;it, anima<lb/>lia etiam perfecta generat, vt lepores, & ca<lb/></s>

<s id="s.001491">Vnde in Ægypto cùm magnus &longs;it, anima<lb/>lia etiam perfecta generat, vt lepores, & ca<lb/>preolos, ab&longs;que &longs;emine vllo Seminum au<lb/>tem calores à coloribus putredinum diffe<lb/>runt, quia materiam magis paratam habent. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.001492">preolos, ab&longs;que &longs;emine vllo Seminum au<lb/>tem calores à coloribus putredinum diffe<lb/>runt, quia materiam magis paratam habent. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.001493">Ideò in &longs;eminis propagatione minùs fit f&oelig;<lb/>toris, quia minùs inutilis partis continetur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.001494">Attamen dùm ex &longs;emine animalia generan<lb/>tur, putredo magna fit, quam men&longs;es indi<lb/>cant, qui à partu fluunt f&oelig;tidi atque corru<lb/>pti. </s>

<s id="s.001495">Verùm calor, qui non generat, humido <lb/>caret proprio, &longs;ed vel nimis mouetur, vel fa<lb/>ti&longs;cit, quia pingue humidum non e&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.001526">Dubitatur autem, quia <lb/>magis putre&longs;cere deberent aqueis, quæ ca<lb/>loris &longs;unt expertia: calor autem putrefacit <lb/>omnia, vt diximus. </s>

<s id="s.001527">Sed cau&longs;a quare non <lb/>putre&longs;cunt talia, nec celeriter, nec perfe<lb/>ctè, vt caro & &longs;tans aqua, e&longs;t, quia cùm <lb/>putredo à calore contrario naturali fiat, <lb/>quæ plurimum caloris innati retinent, vt <lb/>pinguia, &longs;eriùs putre&longs;cunt, dum verò ran<lb/>cida fiunt, amara euadunt. </s>

<s id="s.001528">Nam calor putre<lb/>faciens cùm pingue putre&longs;cat, in amarorem <lb/>tran&longs;it, vel ex dulci, vel ex pingui &longs;apore. </s>

<s id="s.001529">In<arrow.to.target n="marg149"/><lb/>&longs;ipida ergo non putre&longs;cunt &longs;ic, &longs;ed &longs;al&longs;a, pin<lb/>guia, amara, acuta: calidorum enim hæc <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;io e&longs;t, vt diximus. </s>

<s id="s.001530"><arrow.to.target n="marg149"/><lb/>&longs;ipida ergo non putre&longs;cunt &longs;ic, &longs;ed &longs;al&longs;a, pin<lb/>guia, amara, acuta: calidorum enim hæc <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;io e&longs;t, vt diximus. </s>

<s id="s.001531">Frigidi autem &longs;apores <lb/>&longs;unt, au&longs;terus, acidus, acerbus, a&longs;tringens, <lb/>atque in&longs;ipidus: reliqui autem calidi, vt pin<lb/>guis, dulcis, &longs;al&longs;us, amarus, acutus qui om<lb/>nium e&longs;t calidi&longs;&longs;imus. </s>

<s id="s.001532">Ob hoc igitur oleum <lb/>glandis vnguentariæ, quam Myrobalanum <lb/>rectè vocant (non hæc e&longs;t myrobalanus, nec <lb/>ei conuenit hoc nomen, cùm odore, ac &longs;a<lb/>pore penè vacet ) qua&longs;i temperatum non <lb/>marce&longs;cit. </s>

<s id="s.001533">Optimè igitur odores illi ab vn<lb/>guentariis excipiuntur. </s>

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<s id="s.001708"><margin.target id="marg171"/>Teli confi<lb/>ciendi ratio, <lb/>quod &longs;emper <lb/>infigitur.</s>

<s id="s.001709"><margin.target id="marg172"/>Ratio de<lb/>mon&longs;tratiua <lb/>pro Ari&longs;tote<lb/>le. </s>

<s id="s.001709"><margin.target id="marg172"/>Ratio de<lb/>mon&longs;tratiua <lb/>pro Ari&longs;tote<lb/>le. 2. c&oelig;li.t. <lb/>c. 35. & in <lb/>diui&longs;ione <lb/>Simplicij. t. <lb/>cap. 20.</s>

<s id="s.001710">2. c&oelig;li.t. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.001711">c. 35. & in <lb/>diui&longs;ione <lb/>Simplicij. </s>

<s id="s.001713">cap.

20.</s>

<s id="s.001714"><margin.target id="marg173"/>Cur ictus <lb/>&longs;corpionum, <lb/>& machina<lb/>rum, & te<lb/>lorum in <lb/>certa di&longs;tan<lb/>tia, quam ni<lb/>mis propè, &longs;it <lb/>validior.</s>

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<s id="s.001840">Genera pe&longs;tis ex aëre, veneni habent ra<lb/>tionem. </s>

<s id="s.001841">Venena etenim quædam natura, vt <lb/>quæ na&longs;cuntur, & anguium pe&longs;&longs;imi: quædam <lb/>putredine, è quorum numero pe&longs;tis ip&longs;a e&longs;t, <lb/>& quæ arte conficiuntur, cocta olim, nunc <lb/>&longs;ublimata vocantur. </s>

<s id="s.001842">Acerrima & maximè <lb/>præ&longs;entanea à natura fiunt, illa artem vnde<lb/>qua que &longs;uperante: &longs;ed tamen rara, frequen<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ima ab arte, quum in malis excogitandis <lb/>longè deterius humanum genus &longs;it <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> na<lb/>tura. </s>

<s id="s.001843">Ergo rarò exemplo, non turpe illa duxit <lb/>&longs;ibi in his ab hominibus &longs;uperari, modò ta<lb/>men magnitudinis rei palma apud illam ma</s>

<s id="s.001843">Ergo rarò exemplo, non turpe illa duxit <lb/>&longs;ibi in his ab hominibus &longs;uperari, modò ta<lb/>men magnitudinis rei palma apud illam ma<arrow.to.target n="marg189"/><lb/>neat. </s>

<s id="s.001845">In Nubia tamen referunt (hæc Marma<lb/>rica à Ptolemæo appellatur) e&longs;&longs;e venenum, <lb/>cuius pondus triticei grani vnius, illicò ho<lb/>minem occidit: <expan abbr="dec&etilde;">decem</expan> autem homines in quar<lb/>ta horæ parte. </s>

<s id="s.001846">Tanta vis lethalis, venditur in <lb/>&longs;ingulas vncias centenis aureis. </s>

<s id="s.001847">Tantundem <lb/>impenditur pro vectigalibus quanti emitur. <lb/></s>

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<s id="s.001998"><margin.target id="marg201"/>S. de doctri<lb/>na Hipp. </s>

<s id="s.001998"><margin.target id="marg201"/>S. de doctri<lb/>na Hipp. & <lb/>Plat.cap.20.</s>

<s id="s.002000">Tran&longs;tulit nimis nos longè à propo&longs;ito <lb/>orationis <expan abbr="cõtinuitas">continuitas</expan>, &longs;iquidem quòd moueri <lb/>&longs;emper aërem in his locis vbi liber e&longs;t, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> <lb/>ideo in &longs;uperiore regione, ea hoc o&longs;tendere <lb/>conabamur, quòd quie&longs;cens putre&longs;cat: ex hoc <lb/>inde in pe&longs;tis narrationem prolap&longs;i, nec re<lb/>uocati, quin potius ex illa in venenorum hi<lb/>&longs;toriam delap&longs;i, quanquam non inutilem, <expan abbr="lõ-gè">lon<lb/>gè</expan> tamen (vt dixi) à propo&longs;ito aberrauimus. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg202"/><lb/>Igitur reuocandus e&longs;t &longs;tylus ad aëris motum, <lb/>ac quietem. </s>

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<s id="s.002189">Ip&longs;a <lb/>verò terra non vnius generis e&longs;&longs;e videtur <lb/>quamobrem Ari&longs;toteles rectè in duo diui&longs;it: <lb/>primò <foreign lang="greek">o)rukta/ ki\ metall enta\</foreign>, id e&longs;t, fo&longs;&longs;ilem <lb/>ac tran&longs;mutabilem. </s>

<s id="s.002190">Fo&longs;&longs;ilis eadem manet, & <lb/>verè terra e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.002191">Tran&longs;mutabilis &longs;pecie &longs;olum <lb/>& vi&longs;u: nam ea in metalla, vel &longs;uccos, aut <lb/>alia eiu&longs;cemodi tran&longs;it: de hac &longs;uo loco dice<lb/>mus. </s>

<s id="s.002192">Veræ autem terræ &longs;pecies duæ: altera <lb/>quidem &longs;yncera: pullo colori hæc e&longs;t, aut ei <lb/>proximo: altera quam non e&longs;t &longs;yncera, nec <lb/>tamen quicquam continet meta licum, alte</s>

<s id="s.002193"><arrow.to.target n="marg232"/><lb/>rius e&longs;t coloris. </s>

<s id="s.002194">Omnis enim terra quæ alie<lb/>no colore prædita e&longs;t, exhalatione permutata <lb/>fuit, iuxta Ari&longs;totelis &longs;ententiam. </s>

<s id="s.002195">At Theo<lb/>phra&longs;tus putat caloris varietatem e&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.002196">Sed <lb/>vtrumque verum e&longs;t: nam modò &longs;ub ea me<lb/>tallica inueniuntur, & hæc exhalatione tin<lb/>gitur: modò nihil, & hæc à &longs;olo calore: Ve<lb/>rum quæ ab exhalatione tingitur, qua&longs;i &longs;plen<lb/>det: quæ &longs;olo calore, non &longs;plendet, & calo<lb/>rem habet ob&longs;curum, aut ferreum, aut ni<lb/>grum. </s>

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<s id="s.002620"><margin.target id="marg283"/>Aether & <lb/>aqua in qui<lb/>bus conue<lb/>niant ac <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ideant.</s>

<s id="s.002621"><margin.target id="marg284"/>Aquarum à <lb/>locis <expan abbr="differ&etilde;">differen</expan> <lb/>tiæ. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.002621"><margin.target id="marg284"/>Aquarum à <lb/>locis <expan abbr="differ&etilde;tiæ">differen<lb/>tiæ</expan> . <lb/></s>

<s id="s.002622">Aquarum <lb/>naturæ ac <lb/>vires.</s>

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<s id="s.002925">Nec aqua patitur meatus, cùm tamen <lb/>&longs;it per&longs;picua. </s>

<s id="s.002926">Omne igitur quòd lucis ima<lb/>ginem recipit, id autem fæculentum non <lb/>e&longs;t, &longs;ed clarum, per&longs;picuum dicitur. </s>

<s id="s.002927">Non <pb pagenum="419" xlink:href="016/01/068.jpg"/>enim lumen corpus, &longs;ed imago lucis, quæ <lb/>meatibus non indiget, velut nec calor: ca<lb/>lor autem magis corporeus e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.002928">Quia ergo <lb/>in &longs;olido recipiuntur radij, recipitur & ca</s>

<s id="s.002928">Quia ergo <lb/>in &longs;olido recipiuntur radij, recipitur & ca<arrow.to.target n="marg323"/><lb/>lor. </s>

<s id="s.002930">Quomodo autem à &longs;yderibus reflecta<lb/>tur, dubitatio non parua e&longs;t: nam &longs;i refle<lb/>ctitur lumen à &longs;ydere, &longs;olidum &longs;ydus e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: quòd &longs;i &longs;olidum, cur motu non <lb/>frangitur, & eum à quo mouetur non fa<lb/>tigat? </s>

<s id="s.002931">Oportet autem quemadmodum & in <lb/>corpore animalium, animam &longs;pontè moue<lb/>re, & alacriter: at in nobis alacritas illa de<lb/>ficit, quia ibi &longs;olum e&longs;t vis, quæ a corde <lb/>transfunditur, vbi anima habitas: at in <lb/>c&oelig;lo cùm vbique anima &longs;it, e&longs;t alacritas <lb/>&longs;empiterna, ob id nec voluntate anima fa<lb/>tigatur, quòd nullo corporeo indigeat au<lb/>xilio: nec cor, quòd in eo &longs;it anima: &longs;ed <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg324"/><lb/>tamen &longs;peciem habet fatigationis. </s>

<s id="s.002932">C&oelig;lum <lb/>autem cùm nunquam quie&longs;cat, & vbique <lb/>præ&longs;entem habeat animam, nunquam fati<lb/>gari pote&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.003282">Sed po&longs;tquam in colorum mentionem in<lb/>cidimus, de illorum generatione ac nomini<lb/>bus tum &longs;peciebus dicendum e&longs;t: &longs;ed quia <lb/>res tractare difficile e&longs;t, non intellectis no<lb/>minibus, nomina illorum prius exponenda <lb/>erunt, non equidem nunc antiquorum ex <lb/>opinione, &longs;ed ita vt quæ tractantur intelli<lb/>gantur. </s>

<s id="s.003283">Velle enim nunc in tanta illorum <lb/>confu&longs;ione de colorum nominibus tractare <lb/>iuxta antiquorum &longs;ententiam, res e&longs;t præter <lb/>id quòd difficillima & immen&longs;i negotij, ex<lb/>tra propo&longs;itum no&longs;trum. </s>

<s id="s.003284">Rem igitur hanc <lb/>tamet&longs;i nouo, non tamen inutili exemplo <lb/>aggrediemur. </s>

<s id="s.003285">Ergo quomodo de coloribus <lb/>agendum &longs;it, à manife&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;umens ini</s>

<s id="s.003285">Ergo quomodo de coloribus <lb/>agendum &longs;it, à manife&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;umens ini<arrow.to.target n="marg383"/><lb/>tium, nunc docebo. </s>

<s id="s.003286"><arrow.to.target n="marg383"/><lb/>tium, nunc docebo. </s>

<s id="s.003287">Niueus color qualis &longs;yn<lb/>ceræ niui in cumulum congregatæ, candore <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg384"/><lb/>eximio, ac &longs;plendore non leui. </s>

<s id="s.003288">Candidus in <lb/>calce e&longs;t, colore niue non inferior, fed &longs;plen<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg385"/><lb/>dore. </s>

<s id="s.003289">Lacteus in lacte, candore minore, <lb/>&longs;plendore fermè nullo: nam nullus candor <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg386"/><lb/><expan abbr="ab&longs;q;">ab&longs;que</expan> &longs;plendore. </s>

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<s id="s.003467">at in c&oelig;lo <lb/>velocius, & iuxta eandem proportionem mo<lb/>uetur? </s>

<s id="s.003468">Sit igitur mota ex A in B, oculus C <lb/>con&longs;tat magnam e&longs;&longs;e proportionem ad DF. <lb/>moueatur etiam aliquid eodem tempore ex <lb/>D in G, &longs;ic vt C &longs;it in linea BF. </s>

<s id="s.003469">Dico igitur, <lb/>velocius motum videri ex D in G, quàm ex <lb/>A in B. nam angulus ACB, paulò maior e&longs;t <lb/><figure id="id.016.01.081.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/1.jpg"/><lb/>angulo AFB, quia ángulus CBF, e&longs;t in&longs;en&longs;i<lb/>lis fermè, ob paruitatem CF. &longs;i igitur pona<lb/>tur AFB, in&longs;en&longs;ilis erit & A C B. primum <lb/>ergo quod depræhenditur &longs;it angulus ACB, <lb/>& arcus ACB, antea igitur in&longs;en&longs;ilis fuit <lb/>motus. </s>

<s id="s.003470">At quia C G e&longs;t pror&longs;us in&longs;en&longs;ilis <lb/>comparata ad BC, & BG, erit angulus BCG <lb/>qua&longs;i rectus, igitur & angulus DCG per <lb/>dicta primo elementorum D G igitur mul<arrow.to.target n="marg421"/><lb/>to maior quàm DC eò quòd D rectus e&longs;t: <lb/>erit enim D G C angulus æqualis fermè an<lb/>gulo A C B, quare D manife&longs;tè videbitur <lb/>motum in G, ac longè velocius quàm ex <lb/>A in B. </s>

<s id="s.003471"><arrow.to.target n="marg421"/><lb/>to maior quàm DC eò quòd D rectus e&longs;t: <lb/>erit enim D G C angulus æqualis fermè an<lb/>gulo A C B, quare D manife&longs;tè videbitur <lb/>motum in G, ac longè velocius quàm ex <lb/>A in B. </s>

<s id="s.003472">Ex hoc &longs;equitur, quòd quanto al<lb/>tiora erunt, tantò minus moueri videbun<lb/>tur, tamet&longs;i velocius verè & iuxta propor<lb/>tionem æqualiter mota videri debeant: nam <lb/>linea ex C ducta ad punctum in linea F B, <lb/>quo altius extendetur, minorem faciet an<lb/>gulum CBG: quare cùm F &longs;it idem, minor <lb/>erit ACB: BCG autem non augebitur, quia <lb/>in&longs;en&longs;ibilis CG: ergo DCG augebitur, & <lb/>linea D G comparata ad D C. </s>

<s id="s.003473">Similiter <lb/><figure id="id.016.01.081.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/2.jpg"/><lb/>& in plano, quo magis procul mouetur ali<lb/>quid, eò tardius moueri videtur. </s>

<s id="s.003474">Sint tres <lb/>lineæ AB, BD, DE æquales, oculus in C, <lb/>dico quod angulus ACB, maior e&longs;t angulo <lb/>BCD, & BCD angulo DCE. nam pro<lb/>portio D C ad DE, maior e&longs;t quàm B C <lb/>ad BD, quia BD & DE &longs;unt æquales, & <lb/><figure id="id.016.01.081.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/3.jpg"/><lb/>CD e&longs;t maior CB, & &longs;imiliter CB e&longs;t maior <lb/>CA, quia angulus A e&longs;t rectus, & CBD, <lb/>& CDE obtu&longs;i: igitur CD, maior CB, & <lb/>CB maior CA. </s>

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<s id="s.003504">His cognitis maius quippiam &longs;uccedit, <lb/>quo humana &longs;ubtilitas altitudinem omnium <lb/>&longs;yderum tam facilè metiri docuit, vt nemo <lb/>tam in promptu domus &longs;uæ partes habeat. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.003505">Cum enim in figura motus Solis altitudo F, <lb/>nota fuerit, &longs;eu plani&longs;phærio, &longs;eu armillis, <lb/>alióve in&longs;trumento, aut tabulis, ea detracta <lb/>ex 90. partibus habebimus angulum FAD, <lb/>&longs;ed angulus CED, ratione & men&longs;ura notus <lb/>e&longs;t, &longs;eu C, terminus &longs;it vmbræ, &longs;eu oculus: igi<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg424"/><lb/>tur angulus FEA, notus, quare ex traditis ab <lb/>Euclide in elementis, angulus F, & ratio FE, <lb/>altitudinis ad AE, dimidium dimetientis ter<lb/>ræ, quo&longs;t &longs;uperius quantum e&longs;&longs;et, demon&longs;tra<lb/>uimus. </s>

<s id="s.003506">E&longs;t enim quinquies M. pa&longs;&longs;. </s>

<s id="s.003506">E&longs;t enim quinquies M. pa&longs;&longs; millia. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.003507">millia. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.003508">Virga autem DE, habere debet circulum in <lb/>imo chalybèum, cui in&longs;i&longs;tat orthogonia: tum <lb/>& planum ad vnguem inferna parte <expan abbr="circul&utilde;">circulum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e, vt cùm applicetur plano, intelligas an <lb/>illud verè planum &longs;it, habeat & &longs;uperius à <lb/>quatuor lateribus plumbea perpendicula: & <lb/>notæ &longs;it magnitudinis à &longs;ummo verticis <expan abbr="v&longs;q;">v&longs;que</expan> <lb/>ad imam chalybei circuli &longs;uperficiem. </s>

<s id="s.003509">Cùm <lb/>igitur virga fixa circulo tenus illóque hæren. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.003510">te vndequaque plano etiam perpendicula <pb pagenum="434" xlink:href="016/01/083.jpg"/>adhæ&longs;erint virgæ, tunc planum illud, & <lb/>verè planum e&longs;t, & tale in quod ducta ex <lb/>centro terræ linea perpendicularis e&longs;t, & <lb/>hoc planum ad altitudinem &longs;umendam ido<lb/>neum e&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.003640"><margin.target id="marg441"/>Va&longs;a figuli<lb/>na optima.</s>

<s id="s.003641"><margin.target id="marg442"/>Lib. 37. na<lb/>tur. hi&longs;tor. <lb/>cap.2.</s>

<s id="s.003643">hi&longs;tor. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.003645"><margin.target id="marg443"/>Lemnia <lb/>terra.</s>

<s id="s.003646"><margin.target id="marg444"/>Cur terrara. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.003646"><margin.target id="marg444"/>Cur terra ra<lb/>rò benè oleat.</s>

<s id="s.003647">rò benè oleat.</s>

<s id="s.003648"><margin.target id="marg445"/>Aquæ cur ce<lb/>leriter <expan abbr="odor&etilde;">odorem</expan> <lb/>bonum amit<lb/>tant.</s>

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<s id="s.004375"><margin.target id="marg570"/>Auripigmen<lb/>tum coctum.</s>

<s id="s.004376">Vertunt colorem pleraque metallica vel <lb/>&longs;olo igne: vt auripigmentum, quod &longs;ubci<lb/>trini coloris e&longs;t, in vitreo va&longs;e excoctum, <lb/>donec adhæreat va&longs;i, rube&longs;cit, vires præci pi<lb/>tati &longs;u&longs;cipit, nec tantò inferiores, quantò fa</s>

<s id="s.004377"><arrow.to.target n="marg571"/><lb/>cilitate conficiendi vtilius e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.004378">P&longs;oricum ex <lb/>duabus partibus chalcitidis, & vna cadmiæ, <lb/>vel &longs;pumæ argenti con&longs;tat. </s>

<s id="s.004379">Mi&longs;centur, addi<lb/>tóque aceto candido acri teruntur, inde &longs;e<lb/>pelitur Caniculæ tempore fimo equino qua<lb/>draginta diebus: erutum te&longs;ta noua &longs;ubie<lb/>ctis carbonibus torretur, donec rube&longs;cat. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg572"/><lb/>Smaltum vitri genus e&longs;t, quo aureæ cauita<lb/>tes implentur, variato colore, venu&longs;tate exi<lb/>mia: calores omnis generis recipit, &longs;plendét<lb/>que optimum, & cui par non e&longs;t, fit alumine, <lb/>& chalcantho, & lapido&longs;o &longs;ale: alij vitro <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg573"/><lb/>colores mi&longs;cent. </s>

<s id="s.004380">Recrementum e&longs;t, quòd à <lb/>metallo, dum excoquitur, detrahitur, &longs;pu<lb/>mam vulgus vocat: vires, & materiam reti<lb/>net metallici cuius e&longs;t: ob id argenteum & <lb/>aureum denuò excoqui &longs;olet, ne quicquam <lb/>hominum auaritiæ pereat. </s>

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<s id="s.004430">Sed nos eam quæ arte fit, docemus. </s>

<s id="s.004431">Itaque <lb/>plumbum nigrum tamdiu in va&longs;e excoqui<lb/>to, donec calorem ochræ contraxerit: nati<lb/>uæ autem ochræ color e&longs;t flammeus. </s>

<s id="s.004432">Fit & <lb/>ex rubrica ochra, dum va&longs;e fimo oblito tor</s>

<s id="s.004432">Fit & <lb/>ex rubrica ochra, dum va&longs;e fimo oblito tor<arrow.to.target n="marg588"/><lb/>retur. </s>

<s id="s.004433"><arrow.to.target n="marg588"/><lb/>retur. </s>

<s id="s.004434">Argenti &longs;puma, quam vocamus Li<lb/>thargyrium, fit dum ab argento plumbum <lb/>&longs;eparatur, e&longs;tque plumbum impurum: atque <lb/>ex vtroque vici&longs;&longs;im in alterum tran&longs;itus e&longs;t: <lb/>retinet tamen argenti quandam vim, & <lb/>quæ colore e&longs;t flauo, aurea ob id appellatur. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg589"/><lb/>Plumbago & ip&longs;a ex plumbo fit: nam plum<lb/>bum cùm vexatur ignibus, in hæc duo tran<lb/>&longs;it; præ&longs;ertim argento iunctum, argenti &longs;pu<lb/>mam atque plumbaginem. </s>

<s id="s.004435">Aliquantulum <lb/>&longs;plendet plumbago, cæterùm argenti &longs;pu<lb/>mæ exterius &longs;imilis, infima parte colore ci<lb/>nereo, media mi&longs;to, cum in puluerem, au<lb/>rumque imitatur, &longs;i optima fuerit: hoc &longs;o<lb/>lo differt, quòd non re&longs;i&longs;tit iniuriis c&oelig;li, nec <lb/>diuturna admodum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.004436">Con&longs;tat autem ex <lb/>plumbi albi, argentique viui, paribus por<lb/>tionibus: &longs;alis rur&longs;us Ammoniaci & &longs;ulphu<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg590"/><lb/>phuris paribus iterum inter &longs;e portionibus, <lb/>&longs;ed quæ &longs;int priorum &longs;extantes, aut qua<lb/>drantes. </s>

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<s id="s.004494">Nec in profundo terræ: &longs;ed iuxta illius &longs;u<lb/>perficiem inuenitur: quare &longs;i in agris, vel are<lb/>na na&longs;ceretur, in imo terræ latêret. </s>

<s id="s.004495">Et velut <pb pagenum="453" xlink:href="016/01/102.jpg"/>carbones, qui in &longs;ummis montium cacumi<lb/>nibus fiunt, &longs;ub terrra in radice reperiuntur, <lb/>&longs;ic & aurum. </s>

<s id="s.004496">Solet & hac cau&longs;a inueniri in <lb/>alueis fluminum inter &longs;axa. </s>

<s id="s.004497">Quamobrem <lb/>cùm vili&longs;&longs;ima metalla in imo recondita &longs;int <lb/>terræ, atque plerunque impura, natura auri <lb/>liberalis, ac veluti prodiga, purum illud ac <lb/>calore nitens proprio, nullí&longs;que ignibus <lb/>aut arte indigens, in ip&longs;a &longs;uperficie colloca</s>

<s id="s.004499">Gignitur in &longs;ummis montium verticibus <lb/>plerunque modico æri mi&longs;tum: nam & hoc <lb/>fatentur, qui illius hi&longs;toriam, quod in India <lb/>&longs;olet reperiri, &longs;crip&longs;erunt. </s>

<s id="s.004500">Immaturum verò <lb/>per&longs;æpè aquarum incrementis ad plana de<lb/>ducitur: & vt &longs;olidæ ac validæ &longs;ub&longs;tantiæ <lb/>e&longs;t concoquitur, maturatur ac perficitur. </s>

<s id="s.004501">Si<lb/>mul verò attritu arenæ, & lapidum, aut ter<lb/>ræ, æs ip&longs;um, ac quicquid inutile e&longs;t, ab&longs;u<lb/>mitur. </s>

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<s id="s.004562">Sed ad auri hi&longs;toriam reuertor. </s>

<s id="s.004563">Solum <lb/>ip&longs;um inter metalla exiguum bonum &longs;pirat <lb/>odorem: cui &longs;uccedit argentum: æs pe&longs;&longs;imum <lb/>cau&longs;a e&longs;t magnitudo caloris adurentis. </s>

<s id="s.004564">In au<lb/>ro, quòd &longs;uaui calore generetur eius &longs;ub&longs;tan<lb/>tia, nullus odor malus relinquitur: ob id mul<lb/>torum annorum &longs;patio auri generatio indi<lb/>get, reliqua breuiore omnia conficiuntur. </s>

<s id="s.004565">A <lb/>moderato autem calore paruam duritiem <lb/>fieri nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t, atque ob id molle aurum, & <lb/>quæcunque benè olent, mollia erunt, vt am</s>

<s id="s.004565">A <lb/>moderato autem calore paruam duritiem <lb/>fieri nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t, atque ob id molle aurum, & <lb/>quæcunque benè olent, mollia erunt, vt am<arrow.to.target n="marg611"/><lb/>bra. </s>

<s id="s.004567">Quòd &longs;i Geodes Mi&longs;enus ( quem falsò <lb/>Ætitem dicunt, quòd in eo alius re&longs;onet la<lb/>pis) violam redoleat, & Aldenbergij lapidis <lb/>fragmenta, & Berningerij lapis videantur <lb/>benè olere à mu&longs;co, qui eis circundatur, hoc <lb/>eis aduenit: nam illorum &longs;ub&longs;tantiam, aut <lb/>aliorum duorum benè olere vix po&longs;&longs;ibile e&longs;t, <lb/>quemadmodum etiam &longs;uprà docuimus. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg612"/></s>

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<s id="s.004572">Hoc totum <lb/>vndequaque (dictu incredibile, &longs;ed omnibus <lb/>eius rei artificibus notum) circumambit auri <lb/>pars tertia grani vnius: nam auri vnciæ duæ <lb/>in pondo 12. ac &longs;emis argenti di&longs;tribuuntur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.004573">Argenti vncia in pedes 3200. &longs;eu brachia <lb/>no&longs;trà 2400. quæ à granis &longs;ex auri circum<lb/>ue&longs;tiuntur vndequaque. </s>

<s id="s.004574">Atque hæc de du<lb/>ctili: quæ verò tenuitas auro concedatur, <lb/><expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> malleo &longs;uper argenti bracteas extenditur, <lb/>haud minore digna e&longs;t admiratione: nam au<lb/>ri vncia, octo argenti pondo tegit. </s>

<s id="s.004575">Cùm ve<arrow.to.target n="marg613"/><lb/>rò in folia tran&longs;ierint, nequeas quid &longs;it te<lb/>nuius cogno&longs;cere, aurumne, an argentum: <lb/>itaque incomprehen&longs;ibili argenti tenuitate <lb/>aurum centuplo tenuius e&longs;&longs;e nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t, ita <lb/>fit vt auri vncia plus, quam decem terræ iu<lb/>gera tegere po&longs;&longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.004576"><arrow.to.target n="marg613"/><lb/>rò in folia tran&longs;ierint, nequeas quid &longs;it te<lb/>nuius cogno&longs;cere, aurumne, an argentum: <lb/>itaque incomprehen&longs;ibili argenti tenuitate <lb/>aurum centuplo tenuius e&longs;&longs;e nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t, ita <lb/>fit vt auri vncia plus, quam decem terræ iu<lb/>gera tegere po&longs;&longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.004577">Contingit hoc ob &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tantiæ puritatem, longámque coctionem: ob <lb/>id auro cælaturas ferri, ac chalybis parua <lb/>impen&longs;a ornant, cuius pars maior e&longs;t opere, <lb/>quàm auri. </s>

<s id="s.004578">Multiplex hæc ratio, tres tamen <lb/>modos faciliores explicabo. </s>

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<s id="s.004661">Itaque cùm plumbum al<lb/>bum liquatur, nigro & argento &longs;upernatat, <lb/>cri&longs;pante vnda in fornacibus, atque &longs;ic bacu<lb/>lis ferreis &longs;olet extrahi. </s>

<s id="s.004662">Illud magis mirum, quòd plumbum ni</s>

<s id="s.004662">Illud magis mirum, quòd plumbum ni<arrow.to.target n="marg630"/><lb/>grum argento, dum fu&longs;um e&longs;t, &longs;upernatet, <lb/>quamuis grauius: atque ea ratione plumbum <lb/>effundunt &longs;upernatans, & argentum &longs;ub&longs;i<lb/>&longs;tens in imo colligunt va&longs;is. </s>

<s id="s.004663"><arrow.to.target n="marg630"/><lb/>grum argento, dum fu&longs;um e&longs;t, &longs;upernatet, <lb/>quamuis grauius: atque ea ratione plumbum <lb/>effundunt &longs;upernatans, & argentum &longs;ub&longs;i<lb/>&longs;tens in imo colligunt va&longs;is. </s>

<s id="s.004664">Cau&longs;a huius e&longs;t, <lb/>quòd plumbum licet dum concretum e&longs;t <lb/>grauius fit argento, dum tamen liquatur, te<lb/>nuius redditur, cùm in fumum tran&longs;ire pa<lb/>ratum &longs;it, atque perpetuò euane&longs;cat: argen<lb/>tum verò cùm igne non ab&longs;umatur, neque <lb/>etiam attenuatur: &longs;i enim attenuaretur, & <lb/>vt ab&longs;umeretur pror&longs;us nece&longs;&longs;e foret. </s>

<s id="s.004665">Igitur <lb/>cùm plumbi &longs;ub&longs;tantia media &longs;it inter pro<lb/>priam ac fumi, argenti autem eadem quæ <lb/>ante colliquationem, nihil mirum e&longs;t plum<lb/>bum liquatum argento liquato &longs;upernatare. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.004666">Plumbum verò album duplici ratione etiam <lb/>&longs;upernatabit: nam & ip&longs;um ab&longs;umitur igne, <lb/>& leuius e&longs;t nigro, quare non &longs;olùm argen<lb/>to, &longs;ed & plumbo nigro album &longs;uper&longs;tat. </s>

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<s id="s.004865">Cæterùm quæ inter lapides generan<lb/>tur, non pa&longs;&longs;im, &longs;ed habet vnaquæque <lb/>gemma &longs;uam matricem. </s>

<s id="s.004866">Smaragdus pra&longs;<lb/>&longs;io inna&longs;citur, & ia&longs;pidi quandoque, &longs;i<lb/>lici, ia&longs;pis. </s>

<s id="s.004867">Carbunculum ferunt bala&longs;&longs;io, <lb/>cry&longs;tallus marmori, onychi &longs;arda, qua<lb/>lis apud me e&longs;t, vbi in imo videas ony<lb/>chem expre&longs;&longs;am, Sardam in &longs;upremo. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.004868">Cogno&longs;cuntur gemmæ, tactu, vi&longs;u, li</s>

<s id="s.004868">Cogno&longs;cuntur gemmæ, tactu, vi&longs;u, li<arrow.to.target n="marg670"/><lb/>ma, &longs;ub&longs;tantia. </s>

<s id="s.004869"><arrow.to.target n="marg670"/><lb/>ma, &longs;ub&longs;tantia. </s>

<s id="s.004870">Tactu, quia grauiores <lb/>vitro &longs;unt ac frigidiores. </s>

<s id="s.004871">Vnde Indi gens <lb/>hoc in genere &longs;olerti&longs;&longs;ima, linguæ conta<lb/>ctu eas probare &longs;olent. </s>

<s id="s.004872">Sunt autem optimæ, <lb/>quæ frigidi&longs;&longs;imæ. </s>

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<s id="s.004957">Diximus in his, morem Philo&longs;ophi &longs;ecu<lb/>ti, qui in tam arduis quæ&longs;tionibus &longs;atis e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>putat, &longs;i magis ab&longs;urda deuitemus. </s>

<s id="s.004958">At quòd <lb/>lapides nos tueantur à ca&longs;u, velut de Erano, <lb/>vocata Turche&longs;ia <expan abbr="refer&utilde;t">referunt</expan>, qu&etail; annulo ge&longs;ta</s>

<s id="s.004958">At quòd <lb/>lapides nos tueantur à ca&longs;u, velut de Erano, <lb/>vocata Turche&longs;ia <expan abbr="refer&utilde;t">referunt</expan>, qu&etail; annulo ge&longs;ta<arrow.to.target n="marg682"/><lb/>ta, &longs;i ex equo cadat homo, excipere omnem <lb/>ictum creditur, atque frangi etiam in fru<lb/>&longs;ta &longs;eruato homine, minus difficilem ha<lb/>bet cau&longs;am, tamet&longs;i arduam: adiiciunt, <lb/>oportere dono e&longs;&longs;e acceptam. </s>

<s id="s.004959"><arrow.to.target n="marg682"/><lb/>ta, &longs;i ex equo cadat homo, excipere omnem <lb/>ictum creditur, atque frangi etiam in fru<lb/>&longs;ta &longs;eruato homine, minus difficilem ha<lb/>bet cau&longs;am, tamet&longs;i arduam: adiiciunt, <lb/>oportere dono e&longs;&longs;e acceptam. </s>

<s id="s.004960">Lapis hic co<lb/>lore c&oelig;li con&longs;picuus e&longs;t, nitetque. </s>

<s id="s.004961">Probatur <lb/>autem, quòd nocte &longs;ubviridis videatur, <lb/>quòd pars auer&longs;a & quæ in imo e&longs;t, nigra <lb/>&longs;it, quòd venas ex inferiore parte recipiat, <lb/>quòd lenis &longs;it nec admodum frigidus, quòd <lb/>denique diluta calx & ei &longs;uperpo&longs;ita cærulea <lb/>videatur, coloremque gemmæ excipiat. </s>

<s id="s.004962">Et <lb/>cùm talis etiam fuerit, nec per&longs;picuus, nec <lb/>gemma: lima enim tangitur. </s>

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<s id="s.005290">Amethy&longs;to color vini, & grata gemma <lb/>vilis pretij, etiam&longs;i &longs;it orientalis: creditur <lb/>ebrietatem alligatus vmbilico prohibere: & <lb/>(quod diximus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> &longs;uperius) &longs;omnia mouere. </s>

<s id="s.005291">Corallius verò gemma non e&longs;t: eius &longs;pe<lb/>cies &longs;unt, candida, rubens, & nigra quæ ta</s>

<s id="s.005291">Corallius verò gemma non e&longs;t: eius &longs;pe<lb/>cies &longs;unt, candida, rubens, & nigra quæ ta<arrow.to.target n="marg736"/><lb/>men omnes in eadem planta con&longs;piciuntur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.005292"><arrow.to.target n="marg736"/><lb/>men omnes in eadem planta con&longs;piciuntur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.005293">Quò fit vt nec ætate, nec &longs;pecie differant, &longs;ed <lb/>velut lapides reliqui vapore maris tingan<lb/>tur: tener e&longs;t, atque arbuti in&longs;tar in imo <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg737"/><lb/>maris inter lapides & &longs;axa oritur. </s>

<s id="s.005294">Nobili&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mus rubens, & qui ex eo rubet, vt purpu<lb/>ra, igneum quendam emittens &longs;plendorem, <lb/>è directo ventriculi &longs;u&longs;pen&longs;us illum vehe<lb/>menter confirmat, quod Albertus, Galeno <lb/>& Auicennæ ad&longs;cribere nititur: tenuis e&longs;t <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;tantiæ, & inter ea, quæ in mari con<lb/>cre&longs;cunt etiam tenui&longs;&longs;imæ, ideóque confir<lb/>mat membra, & &longs;piritus temperat. </s>

<s id="s.005295">Vnde <lb/>qui talis e&longs;t qualem &longs;uprà e&longs;&longs;e debere di<lb/>ximus, cor & cerebrum confirmat, men<lb/>tem exhilarat, & morbo comitiali aduer&longs;a<lb/>tur. </s>

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<s id="s.005421">Limacius lapis in capite limacis, quæ <lb/>cortice non integitur, &longs;olet generari. </s>

<s id="s.005422">Hunc <lb/>vt o&longs;tendere po&longs;&longs;um, candido colore, & <lb/>a&longs;pera &longs;uperficie e&longs;&longs;e oportet, quòd ex <lb/>aquea &longs;ub&longs;tantia coactus &longs;it frigore, & ob <lb/>id etiam paruus, quòd in paruo animali <lb/>inuentus. </s>

<s id="s.005423">Putant alligatum, quartanam pa</s>

<s id="s.005423">Putant alligatum, quartanam pa<arrow.to.target n="marg760"/><lb/>tientibus prode&longs;&longs;e non parum. </s>

<s id="s.005424"><arrow.to.target n="marg760"/><lb/>tientibus prode&longs;&longs;e non parum. </s>

<s id="s.005425">In perca pi&longs;<lb/>ce paruo, hunc coruum vocant, cùm ca<lb/>put magnum habeat, duo lapides inue<lb/>niuntur candidi, oblongi, plani, altera <lb/>parte qua&longs;i dentati, quos lithia&longs;i conferre <lb/>creditum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.005426">Auxiliatur & podagricis ( vt <lb/>ferunt ) doloribus, & quantò maior fuerit. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg761"/></s>

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<s id="s.005491">Ophites verò viride e&longs;t, maculis totum <lb/>plerunque albis, tum verò alterius coloris <lb/>di&longs;tinguitur. </s>

<s id="s.005492"><expan abbr="Frequ&etilde;tes">Frequentes</expan> vidi ex eo columnas, <lb/>tum men&longs;as: &longs;icut & ex eo alio genere <lb/>varij coloris men&longs;a e&longs;t apud Andream Al</s>

<s id="s.005493"><arrow.to.target n="marg772"/><lb/>ciatum non mediocris pulchritudinis. </s>

<s id="s.005494">Inue<lb/>niuntur quandoque in pario formæ con&longs;pi<lb/>cuæ venarum varietate ac concur&longs;u, quæ <lb/>effigiem picta haut inferiorem referunt. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.005495">Nam præter reliquas in æde Sapientiæ <lb/>Con&longs;tantinopoli imago B. </s>

<s id="s.005496">Ioannis Bapti&longs;tæ <lb/>tergore cameli tecti videtur, quæ ab&longs;olu<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t in omnibus, præterquàm quòd <lb/>alterum ex pedibus non adeò vt pictura po<lb/>te&longs;t, exprimit. </s>

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<s id="s.005944"><margin.target id="marg836"/>Tenuitatis <lb/>ratio in ar<lb/>boribus. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.005945">Lib. 1. de <lb/>plantar. </s>

<s id="s.005945">Lib. 1. de <lb/>plantar. cau. <lb/>cap.

<s id="s.005947">cap.

1.</s>

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<s id="s.006071"><margin.target id="marg856"/>Plantæ quæ<lb/>tlam forma <lb/>vires pro<lb/>dunt.</s>

<s id="s.006072">A&longs;ini quoque &longs;i quando atra bile labora<lb/>uorint, edunt a&longs;plenum, &longs;pleni&longs;que tumo<lb/>rem finiunt. </s>

<s id="s.006072">A&longs;ini quoque &longs;i quando atra bile labora<lb/>uerint, edunt a&longs;plenum, &longs;pleni&longs;que tumo<lb/>rem finiunt. </s>

<s id="s.006073">Feruntur & hirundines cheli<lb/>doniam agno&longs;cere, & vires illius experiri <lb/>reparatis oculis. </s>

<s id="s.006074">Eadem ratione cardueles eu<lb/>fragiam, viperæ f&oelig;niculum reparandi vi&longs;us <lb/>cau&longs;a norunt. </s>

<s id="s.006075">Sæpè enim cardueles matuti<lb/>nis horis vi&longs;i &longs;unt oculos eufragiæ affricare. <lb/></s>

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<s id="s.006099"><margin.target id="marg861"/>Ligna cur <lb/>prona ad <expan abbr="&longs;u-perfici&etilde;">&longs;u<lb/>perficiem</expan> aquæ <lb/>maneant non <lb/>recta.</s>

<s id="s.006100">Sed cur ligna in aqua non erecta ad per<lb/>pendiculum manent, &longs;ed prona ac aquæ &longs;u<lb/>perficiei æquidi&longs;tantia, qunm tamen ex al<lb/>tis locis præcipitantur, de&longs;cendunt in aëre <lb/>altero capite ac rectè? </s>

<s id="s.006100">Sed cur ligna in aqua non erecta ad per<lb/>pendiculum manent, &longs;ed prona ac aquæ &longs;u<lb/>perficiei æquidi&longs;tantia, quum tamen ex al<lb/>tis locis præcipitantur, de&longs;cendunt in aëre <lb/>altero capite ac rectè? </s>

<s id="s.006101">Cau&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd &longs;o<lb/>let è capite altero præcipitari, vnde in aëre <lb/>ob temporis breuitatem & impetum non <lb/>pote&longs;t &longs;e conuertere: at in aqua quum ob <lb/>illlus cra&longs;&longs;itiem lentè de&longs;cendat, caput reli<lb/>quum ligni, & ip&longs;um petit fundum, vnde <lb/>in aqua totum lignum ad æquilibrium ma<lb/>net. </s>

<s id="s.006101">Cau&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd &longs;o<lb/>let è capite altero præcipitari, vnde in aëre <lb/>ob temporis breuitatem & impetum non <lb/>pote&longs;t &longs;e conuertere: at in aqua quum ob <lb/>illius cra&longs;&longs;itiem lentè de&longs;cendat, caput reli<lb/>quum ligni, & ip&longs;um petit fundum, vnde <lb/>in aqua totum lignum ad æquilibrium ma<lb/>net. </s>

<s id="s.006102">Hac ratione firmantur naues, ancho<lb/>ra A B C, fune F, naui alligata proiicitur <lb/>in mare, ita vt imo B, tangat fundum: <lb/>protracta igitur ne trabs DE, infixa iaceat <lb/>&longs;ublimis, & ad perpendiculum &longs;uperficiei <lb/>aquæ, mari&longs;que fundum ( nam DE, iacet <lb/><figure id="id.016.01.134.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/134/1.jpg"/><lb/>ad perpendiculum &longs;uperficiei A C, ita <lb/>quòd &longs;i e&longs;&longs;et in B, faceret crucem cum vn<lb/>cis ) igitur quum A C, iaceat ad perpen<lb/>diculum &longs;uperficiei D E, & D E, &longs;it æqui<lb/>di&longs;tans fundo maris, erit ( ex conuer&longs;a quat<lb/>tæ decimæ vndecimi Elementorum ) A C, <lb/>iacens, nece&longs;&longs;ariò perpendicularis &longs;uper <lb/>fundum maris, quare vncorum alter A, vel <lb/>C, infigetur ob grauitatem maris fundo, <lb/>naui&longs;que retinebitur. </s>

<s id="s.006102">Hac ratione firmantur naues, ancho<lb/>ra A B C, fune F, naui alligata proiicitur <lb/>in mare, ita vt imo B, tangat fundum: <lb/>protracta igitur ne trabs DE, infixa iaceat <lb/>&longs;ublimis, & ad perpendiculum &longs;uperficiei <lb/>aquæ, mari&longs;que fundum ( nam DE, iacet <lb/><figure id="id.016.01.134.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/134/1.jpg"/><lb/>ad perpendiculum &longs;uperficiei A C, ita <lb/>quòd &longs;i e&longs;&longs;et in B, faceret crucem cum vn<lb/>cis ) igitur quum A C, iaceat ad perpen<lb/>diculum &longs;uperficiei D E, & D E, &longs;it æqui<lb/>di&longs;tans fundo maris, erit ( ex conuer&longs;a quar<lb/>tæ decimæ vndecimi Elementorum ) A C, <lb/>iacens, nece&longs;&longs;ariò perpendicularis &longs;uper <lb/>fundum maris, quare vncorum alter A, vel <lb/>C, infigetur ob grauitatem maris fundo, <lb/>naui&longs;que retinebitur. </s>

<s id="s.006103">Ergo &longs;i tignum DE, <lb/>non ade&longs;&longs;et, ratione propo&longs;ita A C, cade<lb/>ret &longs;emper æquidi&longs;tans fundo maris, qua<lb/>re nunquam figi po&longs;&longs;et, nec nauim retinere. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006104">Ea de cau&longs;a fiunt & anchoræ vncis quatuor <lb/>in crucem actis, &longs;ed minùs tutò committun<lb/>tur his, qui binos habent tigno tran&longs;uer&longs;o, <lb/>quòd &longs;i hæreant, etiam longè &longs;unt imbe<lb/>cilliores. </s>

<s id="s.006105">Sed ad plantarum hi&longs;toriam redeo. </s>

<s id="s.006106">Ci<arrow.to.target n="marg862"/><lb/>namomum lauri arbori haud ab&longs;imile e&longs;t, <lb/>folia foliis truncus trunco &longs;imilis, ni&longs;i quòd <lb/>humilis e&longs;t, & latè vt &longs;alix diffunditur. </s>

<s id="s.006107"><arrow.to.target n="marg862"/><lb/>namomum lauri arbori haud ab&longs;imile e&longs;t, <lb/>folia foliis truncus trunco &longs;imilis, ni&longs;i quòd <lb/>humilis e&longs;t, & latè vt &longs;alix diffunditur. </s>

<s id="s.006108">Sed <lb/>& cinamomi baccæ lauri baccis: verun<lb/>tamen illæ his minores &longs;unt, & candi<lb/>cantes. </s>

<s id="s.006109">Vnde licet coniectari arborem <lb/>vnam e&longs;&longs;e, &longs;ed regionibus &longs;olùm di&longs;tingui. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006110">Calor enim Indiæ humorem corticis con<lb/>coquere optimè pote&longs;t, Europæ nequit. </s>

Line 8941

Line 8844

<s id="s.006127">Garyophylum in Moluchis in&longs;ulis, quæ <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg865"/><lb/>quinque &longs;unt paruæ &longs;ub æquinoctij circu<lb/>lo, na&longs;citur. </s>

<s id="s.006128">Na&longs;citur & in Gilo in&longs;u<lb/>la, quæ Sicilia maior e&longs;t non parùm: atque <lb/>in parua quadam alia in&longs;ula vltra Tidorem, <lb/>quæ vna e&longs;t ex quinque Moluchis. </s>

<s id="s.006129">Sunt <lb/>cnim Moluchæ, Tarenas, Tidor, Muttir, <lb/>Macchiam, Bacchiam. </s>

<s id="s.006129">Sunt <lb/>enim Moluchæ, Tarenas, Tidor, Muttir, <lb/>Macchiam, Bacchiam. </s>

<s id="s.006130">Verùm quod in in&longs;ula <lb/>parua oritur proxima Moluchis, non verum <lb/>e&longs;t garyophylum. </s>

<s id="s.006131">Cortex lignum & folia <lb/>garyophyli non minùs ip&longs;o fructu acria &longs;unt. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006132">Na&longs;citur in collibus, ac collium accliui<lb/>bus: nebuláque quotidie circundantur, quæ <lb/>illis non parùm ad maturitatem confert. <lb/></s>

Line 9063

Line 8966

<s id="s.006212">Arbor ip&longs;a mirabi<lb/>lis: &longs;en&longs;im enim in cu&longs;pidem a&longs;cendit, velut <lb/>&longs;alis, aut &longs;acchariconus, ex lato ab imo in <lb/>angu&longs;tum tendens: quercus folio. </s>

<s id="s.006213">Lachry<lb/>ma huius e&longs;t antiquorum thymiama canca<lb/>mus. </s>

<s id="s.006214">Lacce, quam pro draconis &longs;anguine <lb/>quidam &longs;ub&longs;crip&longs;erunt, copia no&longs;tro æuo <lb/>e&longs;t, &longs;anguinis draconis autem penuria maxi<lb/>ma. </s>

<s id="s.006215">Adnumeratur odoribus etiam liginum <lb/>a&longs;palathi, quod &longs;uaue e&longs;t, ac refrigerat, non <lb/>&longs;ecus ac ro&longs;a vaciniaque, atque ideo inter <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg878"/><lb/>rara. </s>

<s id="s.006215">Adnumeratur odoribus etiam lignum <lb/>a&longs;palathi, quod &longs;uaue e&longs;t, ac refrigerat, non <lb/>&longs;ecus ac ro&longs;a vaciniaque, atque ideo inter <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg878"/><lb/>rara. </s>

<s id="s.006216">Cau&longs;a quòd odor iucundus rarò &longs;it fri<lb/>gidus, quia calore perficitur: ob idque calo<lb/>rem vincere nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ob hocque plera<lb/>raque odorata, quæ aromata Græci vocant <lb/>calida. </s>

<s id="s.006216">Cau&longs;a quòd odor iucundus rarò &longs;it fri<lb/>gidus, quia calore perficitur: ob idque calo<lb/>rem vincere nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ob hocque plera<lb/>que odorata, quæ aromata Græci vocant <lb/>calida. </s>

<s id="s.006217"><margin.target id="marg875"/>Laricis la<lb/>chrymæ vi<lb/>res.</s>

Line 9151

Line 9054

<s id="s.006273">Proximæ venenis &longs;unt lympathicæ plan<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg886"/><lb/>tæ, cuiu&longs;modi in Hi&longs;paniola in&longs;ula occiden<lb/>talis Indiæ Cohobba, quæ &longs;olo odore ine<lb/>briat, & phanaticos reddit. </s>

<s id="s.006274">Herba hæc e&longs;t <lb/>credo è &longs;trimoniæ genere, quæ &longs;i bibatur, in <lb/>furorem vertit: nullo modo viribus ab&longs;imi<lb/>lis ei quam Turcæ a&longs;&longs;eral vocant, cuius v&longs;us <lb/>apud eos plurimus e&longs;t, quòd non &longs;olùm lætos <lb/>reddat & alacres, &longs;ed etiam curam omnem <lb/>ac metum pellat, vt ad munia etiam belli <lb/>&longs;int promptiores. </s>

<s id="s.006275">Eiu&longs;modi apud nos cro<lb/>cus e&longs;t: nam vt & a&longs;&longs;eral &longs;i copio&longs;ius eda<lb/>tur, non iam &longs;olùm alacres, &longs;ed temulentos <lb/>reddit: inde etiam copio&longs;ius &longs;umpta occidit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006275">Eiu&longs;modi apud nos cro<lb/>cus e&longs;t: nam vt & a&longs;&longs;erat &longs;i copio&longs;ius eda<lb/>tur, non iam &longs;olùm alacres, &longs;ed temulentos <lb/>reddit: inde etiam copio&longs;ius &longs;umpta occidit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006276">Talia &longs;unt vinum, & quæ è vino aqua ardens <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg887"/><lb/>& fax bibita, & vt fertur olim &oelig;nopia ra<lb/>dix, à vini quadam &longs;imilitudine nomen <lb/>adepta. </s>

<s id="s.006277">Olim Io&longs;epho Hebræo te&longs;te, Baara <lb/>radix erat colore ac &longs;plendore flammæ, quæ <lb/>ni&longs;i muliebri &longs;anguine, lotióve perfundere<lb/>tur, mortem iis, qui eam tractarent affere<lb/>bat. </s>

<s id="s.006278">Sed & &longs;ic exitialem fui&longs;&longs;e auellentibus, <lb/>quare à cane auelli &longs;olitam: qui & ip&longs;e ea <lb/>auul&longs;a periret. </s>

Line 9170

Line 9073

<s id="s.006291">Neque ergo mirum tantùm po<lb/>tui&longs;&longs;e Baaram, nam nec tutum omninò e&longs;t <lb/>nunc napellum effodere. </s>

<s id="s.006292">Compara modò <lb/>&longs;peciem plantarum, & regiones, & alimen<lb/>ta, quid probabilius e&longs;&longs;e pote&longs;t quàm, quòd <lb/>miraculi loco hucu&longs;que, aut fabulæ habi<lb/>tum e&longs;t? </s>

<s id="s.006293">Nihil mirum verò ali plantam bi<lb/>tumine, nam & &longs;ulphure alitur. </s>

<s id="s.006294">Narrat Ari<lb/>&longs;toteles, in &longs;ulphureis fontibus herbas pu&longs;il<lb/>las gigni: flantibus enim ventis ab ære exci<lb/>dit fæs, quam vocant auripigmentum, ea pu<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg888"/><lb/>tre&longs;cit, & ideo herba oritur. </s>

<s id="s.006295">Propagantur <lb/>enim plantæ quinque modis, &longs;emine, radi<lb/>ce, &longs;tolonibus, ablaqueatione ac putredine, <lb/>quam ca&longs;um meritò po&longs;&longs;umus appellare. </s>

<s id="s.006296">Se<lb/>mine quidem pleræque, vt abies & larix: ra<lb/>dice, vt glycyrrhiza ac lilium. </s>

Line 9183

Line 9086

<s id="s.006299"><margin.target id="marg888"/>Herbæ in <lb/>aquis &longs;ul<lb/>phureis na&longs;<lb/>centes. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006300">Modi gene<lb/>rationis <expan abbr="plã-tarum">plan<lb/>tarum</expan>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006301">Lilicrum hi<lb/>&longs;toria.</s>

<s id="s.006301">Liliarum hi<lb/>&longs;toria.</s>

<s id="s.006302">E&longs;t autem lilio tanta viuacitas, vt &longs;urculi <lb/>eius &longs;u&longs;pen&longs;i radicem emittant. </s>

<s id="s.006303">Exi&longs;timat <lb/>autem Theophra&longs;tus lachrymam cogi, & ex <lb/>lachryma propagari: qnod verius e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006303">Exi&longs;timat <lb/>autem Theophra&longs;tus lachrymam cogi, & ex <lb/>lachryma propagari: quod verius e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006304">Nodi <lb/>quoque huius plantæ &longs;ub camino &longs;u&longs;pen&longs;i, <lb/>ab&longs;que foliis etiam, inde &longs;iccati obruuntur <lb/>fæce rubentis vini, &longs;epultique in &longs;imo cum <lb/>eadem fæce flores edunt purpureos. </s>

<s id="s.006305">Seruati <lb/>quoque botri in va&longs;is fictilibus, vel toto an<lb/>no quum aqua tepida perfu&longs;i fuerint, flo<lb/>rent. </s>

<s id="s.006306">Neque id mirum: cau&longs;a enim omnium <lb/>vna e&longs;t, humidum &longs;cilicet valde pingue. </s>

Line 9200

Line 9103

<s id="s.006313">Surcu<lb/>lo prouenit &longs;alix, &longs;ed & vitis. </s>

<s id="s.006314">Ablaqueatio<lb/>nis genus e&longs;t, & peculiare quoddam viti, <lb/>quum &longs;epelitur in biennium truncus, effu&longs;a<lb/>que radice à priore præ&longs;cinditur. </s>

<s id="s.006315">Idem fieri <lb/>docent veteres ex arbore in arborem. </s>

<s id="s.006316">Con<lb/>&longs;tar igitur pingui humido nutriri plantas, <lb/>quod & inferiùs docebimus. </s>

<s id="s.006316">Con<lb/>&longs;tat igitur pingui humido nutriri plantas, <lb/>quod & inferiùs docebimus. </s>

<s id="s.006317">Sed vt ad odorata reuertar, lilia, nardus & <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg889"/><lb/>crocus ex eorum &longs;unt genere. </s>

Line 9209

Line 9112

<s id="s.006320">Ea <lb/>tamen quam vocamus Indicam, alterius ge<lb/>neris e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006321">Nardus enim illa non hæc &longs;ed plan<lb/>ta &longs;ui generis, odoris &longs;uauitate nomen ade<lb/>pta: caret enim &longs;pica. </s>

<s id="s.006322">Communia omnibus <lb/>folia angu&longs;ta ob &longs;iccitatem, odorque iucun<lb/>dus. </s>

<s id="s.006323">Eadem cau&longs;a e&longs;t omnibus plantis folia <lb/>amittendi frigus ip&longs;um: ob id in frigidis re<lb/>gionibus obdncta ramis & trunco palea, ra<lb/>dicibus equi fimo, tota arbore in hypocau&longs;to <lb/>collocata, non &longs;olùm illarum &longs;eruari nihil <lb/>mirum e&longs;t, folia ne decidant, &longs;ed arbores, & <lb/>fructus edere. </s>

<s id="s.006323">Eadem cau&longs;a e&longs;t omnibus plantis folia <lb/>amittendi frigus ip&longs;um: ob id in frigidis re<lb/>gionibus obducta ramis & trunco palea, ra<lb/>dicibus equi fimo, tota arbore in hypocau&longs;to <lb/>collocata, non &longs;olùm illarum &longs;eruari nihil <lb/>mirum e&longs;t, folia ne decidant, &longs;ed arbores, & <lb/>fructus edere. </s>

<s id="s.006324">Seruantur & &longs;pontè calidio<lb/>ribus, &longs;iccioribu&longs;que plantis etiam apud nos <lb/>folia (vt dixi) nardo, rorimarino, &longs;aluiæ, iu<lb/>nipero, lauro, cupre&longs;&longs;o: buxo verò ob &longs;olam <lb/>vehementem &longs;iccitatem, mediocremque ca<lb/>liditatem, amara enim e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006325">Sed in India, quòd <lb/>calidi&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it regio, nulli arbori folia deci<lb/>dunt, præterquam &longs;iliquæ, quam vocamus <lb/>ca&longs;&longs;iam. </s>

<s id="s.006326">Hanc con&longs;tat cùm radices mittat <lb/>&longs;ubtus ad aquam v&longs;que, natura e&longs;&longs;e frigi<lb/>dam, & humidam triplici ratione: exhau<lb/>&longs;erit enim copio&longs;ius humidum, abe&longs;t pluri<lb/>mùm à Solis calore radix, & frigore aquæ <lb/>quam tangit, perfrigeratur. </s>

Line 9229

Line 9132

<s id="s.006336">Tot igitur genera accepi&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet. </s>

<s id="s.006337"><margin.target id="marg890"/>Folia arbo<lb/>ribus our de<lb/>cidant.</s>

<s id="s.006337"><margin.target id="marg890"/>Folia arbo<lb/>ribus cur de<lb/>cidant.</s>

<s id="s.006338">Sed vt ad odorata redeam: croco radix <lb/>bulbo&longs;a, copio&longs;a, viuax, folia porracea, &longs;ed <lb/>adeò angu&longs;ta vt capillata dici po&longs;&longs;int. </s>

Line 9269

Line 9172

<s id="s.006360">Nam Galanga quantò robu&longs;tior e&longs;t Curcu<lb/>ma, tantò Cyperus eadem imbecillior. </s>

<s id="s.006361">Vide<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg896"/><lb/>tur tamen Cyperus Curcuma odoratior. </s>

<s id="s.006362">Sed <lb/>c&oelig;lo, &longs;oloque variari plantas &longs;uperiùs do<lb/>cuimus. </s>

<s id="s.006363">Similiter & fructibus: nam Myrabo<lb/>lani ( non ego dicam falsò Myrobalanum, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg897"/><lb/>vnguentariam glandem ) è prunorum &longs;unt <lb/>genere, atque hi, vt Ari&longs;toteles refert, dul<lb/>ces &longs;unt ante maturiratem: in calidi&longs;&longs;imis <lb/>enim regionibus orti aqueo, nec pingui hu<lb/>mido, raraque &longs;ub&longs;tantia, celerrimè conco<lb/>quuntur & ab&longs;oluuntur, contraria ratione <lb/>Tamarindorum, qui ob humidum pinguius <lb/>ac terreum &longs;emper acerbi manent & acidi. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006363">Similiter & fructibus: nam Myrabo<lb/>lani ( non ego dicam falsò Myrobalanum, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg897"/><lb/>vnguentariam glandem ) è prunorum &longs;unt <lb/>genere, atque hi, vt Ari&longs;toteles refert, dul<lb/>ces &longs;unt ante maturitatem: in calidi&longs;&longs;imis <lb/>enim regionibus orti aqueo, nec pingui hu<lb/>mido, raraque &longs;ub&longs;tantia, celerrimè conco<lb/>quuntur & ab&longs;oluuntur, contraria ratione <lb/>Tamarindorum, qui ob humidum pinguius <lb/>ac terreum &longs;emper acerbi manent & acidi. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006364">Oriuntur hi in Æthiopiæ parte, quam vo<lb/>cant Bernaga&longs;&longs;um, vltra Cancri circulum <lb/>iuxta mare Rubrum, parte Occidentaliore <lb/>inter nemora, ex arbore prægrandi fructum <lb/>vuarum racemis &longs;imilem ferente. </s>

<s id="s.006365">O&longs;&longs;a, fabis <lb/>magnitudine & forma &longs;imillima: cortice <lb/>etiam, ni&longs;i quòd colos ferrugineus e&longs;t, ac <lb/>fu&longs;cus: vtraque pars oui figuram <lb/>refert: lineis nigris, vt à latere <lb/>vides, per tran&longs;uer&longs;um ductis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006366">Cortex o&longs;&longs;is amarus valde, nu<lb/><figure id="id.016.01.139.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/139/1.jpg"/><lb/>cleus candidus, durus, in&longs;ipidus. </s>

Line 9354

Line 9257

<s id="s.006407">Summitati va&longs;i pileus vitreus C impo<lb/>nitur, qui quantò latior, eò melior ad vi<lb/>res, odorem &longs;aporemque transferendos: at<lb/>que idem in vtri&longs;que canalibus. </s>

<s id="s.006408">Ergo pileus <lb/>luto, ne re&longs;piret, aptatur: cui de more, cana<lb/>lis adiacet C, cui alter canalis vitreus adiun<lb/>gitur D, ita luto &longs;eptus, vt nihil po&longs;&longs;it re&longs;pi<lb/>rare: hic per vas ligneum E tan&longs;it, quod <lb/>aqua perpetuò frigidi&longs;&longs;ima repletum habere <lb/>oportet: cannula H detrahentes quicquid <lb/>iam calorem contraxerit, aliam nuper hau<lb/>&longs;tam denuò addendo: nam D infrigidatur, <lb/>fumique non vruntur, &longs;ed in aquam, vel <lb/>oleum tran&longs;eunt, conuer&longs;ique per F cana<lb/>lis partem obliquam, & vltra vas aqua <lb/>plenum exporrectam, guttatim in vas G <lb/>cadunt. </s>

<s id="s.006408">Ergo pileus <lb/>luto, ne re&longs;piret, aptatur: cui de more, cana<lb/>lis adiacet C, cui alter canalis vitreus adiun<lb/>gitur D, ita luto &longs;eptus, vt nihil po&longs;&longs;it re&longs;pi<lb/>rare: hic per vas ligneum E tam &longs;it, quod <lb/>aqua perpetuò frigidi&longs;&longs;ima repletum habere <lb/>oportet: cannula H detrahentes quicquid <lb/>iam calorem contraxerit, aliam nuper hau<lb/>&longs;tam denuò addendo: nam D infrigidatur, <lb/>fumique non vruntur, &longs;ed in aquam, vel <lb/>oleum tran&longs;eunt, conuer&longs;ique per F cana<lb/>lis partem obliquam, & vltra vas aqua <lb/>plenum exporrectam, guttatim in vas G <lb/>cadunt. </s>

<s id="s.006409">Vt igitur vidi, primò turbidum quod<lb/>dam effluit, &longs;ub&longs;tantiam rei tenuiorem ef<lb/>ferens, pò&longs;t aqua clarior exit, demum oleum, <lb/>quod exu&longs;ti potius odorem refert, quàm rei <lb/>illius à qua defluxit. </s>

Line 9378

Line 9281

<s id="s.006421"><margin.target id="marg902"/>Semina o<lb/>leum conti<lb/>nent. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006422">Olcum & <lb/>pinguedinis <lb/>di&longs;crimen.</s>

<s id="s.006422">Oleum & <lb/>pinguedinis <lb/>di&longs;crimen.</s>

<s id="s.006423">Ob hoc, &longs;emina quædam vaginulis, vt <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg903"/><lb/>pha&longs;elli, cicere&longs;que: quædam ari&longs;tis <expan abbr="hær&etilde;tia">hærentia</expan>, <pb pagenum="492" xlink:href="016/01/141.jpg"/>pleraque tenui cortice, vt frumentum: quæ <lb/>verò in fructibus &longs;unt pericarpio continen<lb/>tur velut melonum, pomorumque, ac pyro<lb/>rum &longs;emina. </s>

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<s id="s.006453">Vtrum verò pars aquæ, an vini, in <lb/>oleum tran&longs;ire po&longs;&longs;it, dignum dubitatione <lb/>e&longs;t: nam oleum aqueo & aëreo humido con<lb/>&longs;tat: vbi efficax &longs;it humidum aëreum, facilè <lb/>aqua: faciliùs autem etiam vinum tran&longs;it in <lb/>oleum, nam & vinum ardet. </s>

<s id="s.006454">Sunt verò quæ <lb/>adeò oleo&longs;a &longs;unt, vt tu&longs;a & calore naturali <lb/>temperato fota, in oleum ab&longs;que expre&longs;&longs;io<lb/>ne tran&longs;eant, quia præpinguia &longs;unt, & oleo <lb/>copio&longs;o, ac non multum excrementi terrei <lb/>habente abundant. </s>

<s id="s.006455">Velut &longs;ambuci flores. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006456">Oleum quoque quod &longs;ine igne ex amydalis <lb/>extrahitur, multò &longs;uauius eft, & pectori <lb/>vtilius. </s>

<s id="s.006456">Oleum quoque quod &longs;ine igne ex amydalis <lb/>extrahitur, multò &longs;uauius e&longs;t, & pectori <lb/>vtilius. </s>

<s id="s.006457"><margin.target id="marg904"/>Seminis rap & <lb/>oleum.</s>

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Line 9336

<s id="s.006460">Sed e&longs;t alius humor muco&longs;us, in omnibus <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg907"/><lb/>radicibus fermè atque &longs;eminibus: quæ verò <lb/>inter hæc magis celebrantur, &longs;unt lini, al<lb/>theæ, p&longs;ilij, marrubij, cotoneorum, pyro<lb/>rum, pomorum, f&oelig;nugræcique &longs;emina: in<lb/>ter radices verò quæcunque magis muco&longs;æ, <lb/>vt altheæ atque ari&longs;tolochiæ: ab his omni<lb/>bus hanc partem, tanquam illis naturaliter <lb/>in&longs;itam detrahere licet. </s>

<s id="s.006461">Mundata hæc repo<lb/>nuntur in va&longs;e, & quadruplum ponderis <lb/>aquæ calidæ iniicitur, manentque per no<lb/>ctem: inde reiecta aquâ radices, aut &longs;emi<lb/>na &longs;acculo ex canabe linóve rarò excipiun<lb/>tur, ligatoque ore &longs;uperiore & va&longs;e &longs;uppo<lb/>&longs;ito, modò concutiendo cum baculo, modò <lb/>exprimendo manu, &longs;uccus muco&longs;us colligi<lb/>tur: vt collectum fuerit quicquid ex eo tum <lb/>effluxit, faeiliùs arctiùs con&longs;tringitur, atque <lb/>eadem ratione exprimitur &longs;en&longs;im, ac denuò <lb/>arctiùs religatur, donec ip&longs;um &longs;emen &longs;olum <lb/>relinquatur. </s>

<s id="s.006461">Mundata hæc repo<lb/>nuntur in va&longs;e, & quadruplum ponderis <lb/>aquæ calidæ iniicitur, manentque per no<lb/>ctem: inde reiecta aquâ radices, aut &longs;emi<lb/>na &longs;acculo ex canabe linóve rarò excipiun<lb/>tur, ligatoque ore &longs;uperiore & va&longs;e &longs;uppo<lb/>&longs;ito, modò concutiendo cum baculo, modò <lb/>exprimendo manu, &longs;uccus muco&longs;us colligi<lb/>tur: vt collectum fuerit quicquid ex eo tum <lb/>effluxit, faciliùs arctiùs con&longs;tringitur, atque <lb/>eadem ratione exprimitur &longs;en&longs;im, ac denuò <lb/>arctiùs religatur, donec ip&longs;um &longs;emen &longs;olum <lb/>relinquatur. </s>

<s id="s.006462">Præ&longs;tat igitur con&longs;iderare, quæ<lb/>nam &longs;it hæc materia, quæ &longs;ic effluit. </s>

<s id="s.006463">Atque <lb/>illud à viribus ac &longs;ub&longs;tantia, tum modo ex<lb/>trahendi, coniectari licet. </s>

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Line 9344

<s id="s.006464"><margin.target id="marg907"/>Muco&longs;i hu<lb/>moris ratio <lb/>& modus <lb/>detrahendi.</s>

<s id="s.006465">Cùm enim emolliat & glutino&longs;a &longs;it, cali. <pb pagenum="493" xlink:href="016/01/142.jpg"/>doque humido detrahatur, con&longs;tat partem <lb/>& ip&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e pinguioris &longs;ucci, hoc &longs;olùm <lb/>ob oleo di&longs;tantem, quòd terream partem &longs;e<lb/>cum contineat: at pars hæc cra&longs;&longs;a e&longs;t &longs;i ad <lb/>oleum comparetur, in quo minimum e&longs;t ter<lb/>ræ. </s>

<s id="s.006465">Cùm enim emolliat & glutino&longs;a &longs;it, cali<pb pagenum="493" xlink:href="016/01/142.jpg"/>doque humido detrahatur, con&longs;tat partem <lb/>& ip&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e pinguioris &longs;ucci, hoc &longs;olùm <lb/>ob oleo di&longs;tantem, quòd terream partem &longs;e<lb/>cum contineat: at pars hæc cra&longs;&longs;a e&longs;t &longs;i ad <lb/>oleum comparetur, in quo minimum e&longs;t ter<lb/>ræ. </s>

<s id="s.006466">Propterea detracta parte hac, minus <lb/>continent olei &longs;emina &longs;eu radices. </s>

<s id="s.006467">Radices <lb/>igitur & ip&longs;æ oleum continent. </s>

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Line 9367

<s id="s.006483">Tartarum <lb/>verò humido colliquatur, &longs;eu in marmore <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg911"/><lb/>&longs;ub terra &longs;epultum, &longs;eu in vitro fumum fer<lb/>uentis aquæ excipiens. </s>

<s id="s.006484">Aliter, vt pater meus: <lb/>ollam cum tartaro accen&longs;am in aquam in<lb/>funde, &longs;tatimque oleum &longs;upernatabit: quibus <lb/>modis multa igne in calcem redacta mutan<lb/>tur in oleum. </s>

<s id="s.006485">Vnde incertum, an tartari &longs;uc<lb/>cus ille oleum &longs;it, an potius aqua. </s>

<s id="s.006486">Sulphur <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg912"/><lb/>verò ardendo tran&longs;it in oleum: fumus enim <lb/>qui colligitur dum refrigerantur, oleum ef<lb/>&longs;icitur, vt expertus &longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.006487">Opus e&longs;t autem va<lb/>&longs;e vnico tantùm vitreo, quod nolam vocant. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006488">Et vt &longs;en&longs;im vratur, indu&longs;tria e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006489">Sed cur <lb/>exu&longs;ta metallica faciliùs oleum reddunt, & <lb/>aquam etiam retinent? </s>

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<s id="s.006527">Itaque ex lacte for&longs;an equo<lb/>rum id contingit. </s>

<s id="s.006528">Cæterùm quid amplius <lb/>dubitandum? </s>

<s id="s.006529">omnis aqua cùm &longs;æpiùs di<lb/>&longs;tillatur, hoc pote&longs;t efficere: nam incale&longs;<lb/>cit, attenuatur, & vim ignis magis reci<lb/>pit: vnde ardens &longs;æpiùs di&longs;tillata eò acui<lb/>tatis deducitur, vt bibi non po&longs;&longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.006530">Li<lb/>quet igitur ex his mamfe&longs;tè, & quòd <lb/>vinum igneam vim habet, & quòd ex <lb/>omni fermè re, tum maximè den&longs;a, po<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg920"/><lb/>tus repetita di&longs;tillatione fieri pote&longs;t, qui <lb/>plus vino excalefaciet & inebriabit. </s>

<s id="s.006530">Li<lb/>quet igitur ex his manife&longs;tè, & quòd <lb/>vinum igneam vim habet, & quòd ex <lb/>omni fermè re, tum maximè den&longs;a, po<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg920"/><lb/>tus repetita di&longs;tillatione fieri pote&longs;t, qui <lb/>plus vino excalefaciet & inebriabit. </s>

<s id="s.006531">Potus <lb/>enim ratio e&longs;t, vt &longs;uauis &longs;it atque potens: <lb/>&longs;uauitate quidem gu&longs;tum, robore olfactum <lb/>delectat, & ventriculum confirmat. </s>

<s id="s.006532">Quæ<lb/>cunque verò di&longs;tillantur, & iucunda, & <lb/>odorata euadunt: iucunda quidem, in&longs;uaui <lb/>omni &longs;ublata parte: odorata, ob vim ignis, <lb/>& acuitatem &longs;ub&longs;tantiæ. </s>

<s id="s.006533">Quæ enim tenuium <lb/>&longs;unt partium, magis redolent: odor enim <lb/>e&longs;t vaporis, vapor autem in tenui &longs;ub&longs;tan<lb/>tia fundatur. </s>

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Line 9459

<s id="s.006543">Modus alius nobilioris potus, radio&longs;que, <lb/>veluti <expan abbr="cãdens">candens</expan> ferrum emittentis. </s>

<s id="s.006544">Zethi par<lb/>tes quatuor, mellis vnam, &longs;eminum myrti <lb/>mediam: &longs;imul excoquuntur ac de&longs;puman<lb/>tur, donec &longs;puma e&longs;&longs;e de&longs;ierit: inde additur <lb/>zethi fex, & quadraginta horis contecta <lb/>&longs;eruantur. </s>

<s id="s.006544">Zethi par<lb/>tes quatuor, mellis vnam, &longs;eminum myrti <lb/>mediam: &longs;imul excoquuntur ac de&longs;puman<lb/>tur, donec &longs;puma e&longs;&longs;e de&longs;ierit: inde additur <lb/>zethi &longs;ex, & quadraginta horis contecta <lb/>&longs;eruantur. </s>

<s id="s.006545">In vulgari Medone, pro zetho <lb/>tantundem aquæ a&longs;&longs;umitur, cætera vt in <lb/>nobiliore. </s>

<s id="s.006546">Sed & &longs;eminum myrti loco lupu<lb/>li &longs;emina a&longs;&longs;umuntur: quæ & &longs;eor&longs;um co<lb/>quuntur, modus donec amaritas non in&longs;ua<lb/>uis &longs;entiatur. </s>

<s id="s.006547">Hic &longs;æpiùs repetitis iudicibus, <lb/>&longs;en&longs;ibus, ratione magi&longs;tra, odor, vires, ac &longs;ua<lb/>uitas comparantur. </s>

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<s id="s.006575">Fiunt enim ex cotoneis, punicis, pyris, </s>

<s id="s.006576"><arrow.to.target n="marg925"/><lb/>malis, prunis, berberis, moris, præ&longs;ertim a<lb/>gre&longs;tibus, me&longs;pilis, &longs;orbis, & generaliter ex <lb/>omni fructu &longs;uauem &longs;uccum, &longs;alubrem, & <lb/>qui &longs;eruari po&longs;&longs;it habente. </s>

<s id="s.006576"><arrow.to.target n="marg925"/><lb/>malis, prunis, herberis, moris, præ&longs;ertim a<lb/>gre&longs;tibus, me&longs;pilis, &longs;orbis, & generaliter ex <lb/>omni fructu &longs;uauem &longs;uccum, &longs;alubrem, & <lb/>qui &longs;eruari po&longs;&longs;it habente. </s>

<s id="s.006577">Nam qui &longs;eruari <lb/>non pote&longs;t, quum clare&longs;cere nequeat, vinum <lb/>fieri non pote&longs;t: vnde neque ex cera&longs;o, nec <lb/>per&longs;ico. </s>

<s id="s.006578">Ob id zinziber, piper, garyophylos, <lb/>cinamomum, macerem, nucemque myri&longs;ti<lb/>cam addere &longs;olent. </s>

<s id="s.006579">Qui autem &longs;ucci ad me<lb/>tam coquuntur, &longs;eruantur: &longs;ed dum &longs;pi&longs;&longs;e&longs;<lb/>cunt, neque potus &longs;unt, nedum vinum: erunt <lb/>ergo defruta. </s>

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<s id="s.006586">Vidi reconditum annis &longs;eptuaginta antè, <lb/>quod ex vigintiquinque amphoris, ad quin<lb/>decim redierat, pallidum ex nigro eua&longs;erat, <lb/>eoque ardente aqua &longs;uauius, quo infirmius. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006587">Vtile crudis humoribus, frigidi&longs;que ac hu<lb/>midis morbis. </s>

<s id="s.006588">Audio Lubicen&longs;em Sena<lb/>tum gloriari, quòd Rhenen&longs;ia vina du<lb/>centorum annorum in penubus &longs;eruet. </s>

<s id="s.006589">Olim <lb/>Falerno, inde Surrentino, pò&longs;t Setino pre<lb/>cium maximum, quòd alioqui egragia & <lb/>chara, in multos annos conderentur. </s>

<s id="s.006589">Olim <lb/>Falerno, inde Surrentino, pò&longs;t Setino pre<lb/>cium maximum, quòd alioqui egregia & <lb/>chara, in multos annos conderentur. </s>

<s id="s.006590">Tran<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg927"/><lb/>&longs;eunt & vina nigra in candida, ami&longs;&longs;o etiam <lb/>&longs;apore odoreque, percolata lapide Indico: <lb/>nam cra&longs;&longs;ior pars ac nigra retinetur in lapi<lb/>de: quod tran&longs;it, immutatur ab egregia il<lb/>lius frigiditate. </s>

<s id="s.006591">Marmoris igitur genus e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg928"/></s>

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Line 9707

<s id="s.006692"><margin.target id="marg942"/>Vmbræ quàm <lb/>&longs;alutares, & <lb/>quàm morti<lb/>feræ. </s>

<s id="s.006693">Sunt & arborum vires etiam ex vmbra <lb/>admirabiles: exitiales namque (vt diximus) <lb/>toxico, iuglandi, tithymalo, adultæ ficui, <lb/>&longs;orbo indicæ, aconito, taxo, rhododaphni: <lb/>hæc arbos apud nos frequens fructum, <lb/>ca&longs;&longs;is nigræ, non amygdalæ &longs;imilem fert: <lb/>geniculis &longs;tipes abundat: quod cùm Dio&longs;<lb/>corides prætermi&longs;erit, in fructu verò de<lb/>ceptus &longs;it, effecit, vt hanc quam habe<lb/>mùs, rhododapgnen e&longs;&longs;e non exi&longs;timarem: <lb/>verùm ob fructus &longs;imilitudinem, ca&longs;&longs;iam <lb/>nigram: at ca&longs;&longs;iam non e&longs;&longs;e con&longs;tat, &longs;ed <lb/>cùm iumentis, ouibus, capris, &longs;uibus, <lb/>folio, ac flore exitialis &longs;it, cuperem de his <lb/>&longs;ententiam eorum, qui in minimis adeò <lb/>&longs;unt curio&longs;i, audire: nam & hominibus <lb/>( vt dixi ) noxia e&longs;t, licet haud exitialis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006693">Sunt & arborum vires etiam ex vmbra <lb/>admirabiles: exitiales namque (vt diximus) <lb/>toxico, iuglandi, tithymalo, adultæ ficui, <lb/>&longs;orbo indicæ, aconito, taxo, rhododaphni: <lb/>hæc arbos apud nos frequens fructum, <lb/>ca&longs;&longs;is nigræ, non amygdalæ &longs;imilem fert: <lb/>geniculis &longs;tipes abundat: quod cùm Dio&longs;<lb/>corides prætermi&longs;erit, in fructu verò de<lb/>ceptus &longs;it, effecit, vt hanc quam habe<lb/>mùs, rhododaphnen e&longs;&longs;e non exi&longs;timarem: <lb/>verùm ob fructus &longs;imilitudinem, ca&longs;&longs;iam <lb/>nigram: at ca&longs;&longs;iam non e&longs;&longs;e con&longs;tat, &longs;ed <lb/>cùm iumentis, ouibus, capris, &longs;uibus, <lb/>folio, ac flore exitialis &longs;it, cuperem de his <lb/>&longs;ententiam eorum, qui in minimis adeò <lb/>&longs;unt curio&longs;i, audire: nam & hominibus <lb/>( vt dixi ) noxia e&longs;t, licet haud exitialis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006694">Salutares verò loto, fago, & Indicæ ho<lb/>bio. </s>

<s id="s.006695">Quibus ob odorem vtilis, vt ro&longs;æ, <lb/>myrto, nardo, malo medico, iunipero, ve<lb/>lut mala buxo. </s>

<s id="s.006696">Certauit & in his colorum <lb/>varietate laudati&longs;&longs;imum bra&longs;ilium, alij ver<lb/>zinum vocant. </s>

<s id="s.006697">Prouincia e&longs;t Bra&longs;ilia, à <lb/>nemoribus, quæ hoc ligno con&longs;tant, voca<lb/>ta, arbos non magna, Enzinæ &longs;imilis, &longs;ed <lb/>tenuior, & magis obliqua: folium querci<arrow.to.target n="marg943"/><lb/>num, non tamen a&longs;perum: cortex ex arbo<lb/>re potius propter &longs;iccitatem &longs;pontè excidit. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg944"/></s>

<s id="s.006698"><arrow.to.target n="marg943"/><lb/>num, non tamen a&longs;perum: cortex ex arbo<lb/>re potius propter &longs;iccitatem &longs;pontè excidit. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg944"/></s>

<s id="s.006699"><margin.target id="marg943"/>Bra&longs;ilium.</s>

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<s id="s.006703"><arrow.to.target n="marg945"/><lb/>Arabica. </s>

<s id="s.006704">Con&longs;ueui & aliter parare: lignum <lb/>in tenui&longs;&longs;ima fila deductum &longs;eco in fru&longs;tula, <lb/>quæ aquæ decuplo pondere immitto, relin<lb/>quens infu&longs;um horis &longs;altem &longs;ex, inde exco<lb/>quitur aqua cum ligno, donec tres è qua<lb/>tuor partibus decedant, fitque colos ru<lb/>beus, &longs;plendidus: &longs;i paulò plus exco<lb/>quas, &longs;anguineus ruber: &longs;i adhue diutiùs, <lb/>cæruleus. </s>

<s id="s.006705">Neutro tamen modo, ni protinus <lb/>in v&longs;um admittatur, diu &longs;eruari pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006706">Pro<lb/>prium e&longs;t enim omnibus coloribus, qui è <lb/>plantarum fiunt partibus, tempore muta<lb/>ri, nec purum omninò e&longs;&longs;e, quòd materia <lb/>plantarum imbecillis &longs;it, & humoris plena. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006707">Vnde ex eadem planta, Indi omnes colores <lb/>coquendo diutiùs, aut breuiori tempore <lb/>excipiunt. </s>

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<s id="s.006722">Sic &longs;uccus limunij colorem in coriis al<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg947"/><lb/>terna varietate mutans commendat: nam <lb/>priorem dum vitiat, retento nitore, va<lb/>rium dicitur reddere, non maculo&longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.006723">Sunt <lb/>& cannarum Indicarum radices varietate <lb/>coloris ac nitore gratæ. </s>

<s id="s.006724">Atque in om<lb/>nibus his præ&longs;tant arborum, quæ in mon<lb/>tibus na&longs;cuntur, his quæ in humiliori<lb/>ribus locis. <pb pagenum="498" xlink:href="016/01/147.jpg"/><arrow.to.target n="marg948"/></s>

<s id="s.006724">Atque in om<lb/>nibus his præ&longs;tant arborum, quæ in mon<lb/>tibus na&longs;cuntur, his quæ in humiliori<lb/>bus locis. <pb pagenum="498" xlink:href="016/01/147.jpg"/><arrow.to.target n="marg948"/></s>

<s id="s.006725"><margin.target id="marg947"/>Coria vt va<lb/>rium color<lb/>recipiant.</s>

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<s id="s.006755">Cùm verò &longs;al<lb/>&longs;us &longs;apor &longs;olus erodat, plantæ verò tardè <lb/>eiiciant excrementa, ob id vix fieri po<lb/>te&longs;t, vt planta egregiè &longs;al&longs;a &longs;it: humida enim <lb/>e&longs;t, & &longs;al&longs;um erodit humida, vt etiam <lb/>in animalibus videmus, quæ à &longs;olo humo<lb/>re &longs;aporem hunc præferente eroduntur & <lb/>exeduntur. </s>

<s id="s.006756">Quædam verò plantæ cùm non <lb/>vehementer &longs;al&longs;am ferant terram, vt ci<lb/>trangula, limunia, mala medica, &longs;i non <lb/>&longs;æpiùs aqua perfundantur, are&longs;cunt &longs;ta<lb/>tim, quoniam non mite&longs;cens &longs;al&longs;ugo plan<lb/>tam illicò perimit. </s>

<s id="s.006757">Accedit quòd cùm om<lb/>nes &longs;apores in tenui po&longs;&longs;int e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;tan<lb/>tia, præter &longs;al&longs;um, tenue alimentum &longs;o<lb/>lùm trahente planta, omnes &longs;apores <lb/>etiam trahere poterit, præter &longs;al&longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.006758">Sal<lb/>&longs;ugo etiam imbecillima e&longs;t &longs;aporum: <lb/>nam multa quantitas &longs;alis, vt aqua &longs;al&longs;a <lb/>reddatur, e&longs;t nece&longs;&longs;aria: cùm igitur & pa<lb/>rum nutriat quod &longs;al&longs;um e&longs;t, & diffici<lb/>lè trahatur, quia cra&longs;&longs;um, & multum <lb/>offendat, & parum gu&longs;tum afficiat, ne<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t paucas plantas, ac quæ tales &longs;it, <lb/>tenuiter &longs;ai&longs;as videri. </s>

<s id="s.006759">Nutrit tamen Indi<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg954"/><lb/>cum mare &longs;al&longs;am herbam, quam vocant <lb/>&longs;algazum, quæ in eius &longs;uperficie perpe<lb/>tuò natat, adeoque copio&longs;am, vt floren<lb/>tia prata referat: nam viridis partim e&longs;t, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg955"/><lb/>partim crocea: alitur tamen non &longs;al&longs;o, &longs;ed <lb/>( vt dixi ) gingui humido, quod &longs;ali con<lb/>iunctum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006759">Nutrit tamen Indi<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg954"/><lb/>cum mare &longs;al&longs;am herbam, quam vocant <lb/>&longs;algazum, quæ in eius &longs;uperficie perpe<lb/>tuò natat, adeoque copio&longs;am, vt floren<lb/>tia prata referat: nam viridis partim e&longs;t, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg955"/><lb/>partim crocea: alitur tamen non &longs;al&longs;o, &longs;ed <lb/>( vt dixi ) gingni humido, quod &longs;ali con<lb/>iunctum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006760">No&longs;trum quoque mare mol<lb/>li&longs;&longs;imum herbæ genus alit, algam voca<lb/>tum, quæ &longs;imili ratione relicta &longs;al&longs;ugi<lb/>ne, nutritur ex pingui, quare & vere <lb/>pullulat, & æ&longs;tate viret, & hyeme emo<lb/>ritur, ob id etiam quòd ex pingui alatur <lb/>ferendis vrceis accommodata, vnde in <lb/>illa &longs;epulta va&longs;a vitrea Veneti ad nos <lb/>tran&longs;mittunt. </s>

<s id="s.006761">E&longs;t & coralina, mu&longs;ci ma<lb/>rini genus, egregiè &longs;al&longs;a, &longs;ed in exte<lb/>riore &longs;uperficie tantùm: vnde cùm man&longs;a <lb/>fuerit, a&longs;tringens &longs;olùm &longs;apor apparet in <lb/>fine. </s>

<s id="s.006762">Herba e&longs;t exili caule, minuto folio: <lb/>optima punicea, purpureáve ac &longs;plen<lb/>dens. </s>

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<s id="s.006774">Rur&longs;us quia &longs;uper&longs;tare aquis ab&longs;que fo<lb/>liis herba non pote&longs;t, diximus autem ca<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg957"/><lb/>rere illam foliis, ip&longs;a planta foliorum <lb/>con&longs;itorum in&longs;tar erit. </s>

<s id="s.006775">Carere verò foliis, <lb/>indicio e&longs;t herbas, quæ aquis ina&longs;cun<lb/>tur: quoniam iunci fronde carent, quam<lb/>vis non aquæ: &longs;ed aquarum alueis tum ri<lb/>pis ina&longs;cantur: ob fluctus enim nece&longs;&longs;e ef<lb/>&longs;et, vt frondes, foliave, &longs;i qua e&longs;&longs;ent ex<lb/>ciderent. <pb pagenum="499" xlink:href="016/01/148.jpg"/><arrow.to.target n="marg958"/></s>

<s id="s.006775">Carere verò foliis, <lb/>indicio e&longs;t herbas, quæ aquis ina&longs;cun<lb/>tur: quoniam iunci fronde carent, quam<lb/>vis non aquæ: &longs;ed aquarum alueis tum ri<lb/>pis ina&longs;cantur: ob fluctus enim nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;<lb/>&longs;et, vt frondes, foliave, &longs;i qua e&longs;&longs;ent ex<lb/>ciderent. <pb pagenum="499" xlink:href="016/01/148.jpg"/><arrow.to.target n="marg958"/></s>

<s id="s.006776"><margin.target id="marg957"/>Iuncus cur <lb/>flexilis, & <lb/>fronde ca<lb/>rens.</s>

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<s id="s.006842">Igitur non &longs;peciem mutant planta<lb/>rum principia, &longs;ed potiùs magnitudinem, <lb/>formam, viré&longs;que augent, aut minuunt. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.006843">Sunt autem duo plantarum principia, locus <lb/>& &longs;olum: atque ob id alia aliis locis, vel <lb/>&longs;olo proueniunt, velut apud Ambro&longs;&longs;en&longs;es <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg971"/><lb/>in Phocide coccus na&longs;cebatur olim, quo <lb/>etiam nunc no&longs;tra purpura tingitur. </s>

<s id="s.006844">Frutex <lb/>e&longs;t, vt Pau&longs;anias veridicus vir refert, rham<lb/>ni magnitudine, iunco &longs;imilis, &longs;ed mollio<lb/>ribus, ac nigrioribus foliis: fructus qualis <lb/>&longs;olano, magnitudine erui: cùm præmatu<lb/>rus e&longs;t, na&longs;citur ex eo animal culici &longs;imile, <lb/>&longs;ed minus, quòd euolat: ob hoc igitur col<lb/>ligi &longs;olet antequàm erumpat. </s>

<s id="s.006845">Simile ratio<lb/>ne in campis Galliæ abundat berberis, ma<lb/>ximè Lugdunen&longs;i Prouincia: & in monti<lb/>bus buxus: nam Gallia, vt dici &longs;olet, ma<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg972"/><lb/>ximè pars illa, &longs;axo&longs;a e&longs;t & vento&longs;a & ri<lb/>xo&longs;a. </s>

<s id="s.006845">Simile ratio<lb/>ne in campis Galliæ abundat herberis, ma<lb/>ximè Lugdunen&longs;i Prouincia: & in monti<lb/>bus buxus: nam Gallia, vt dici &longs;olet, ma<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg972"/><lb/>ximè pars illa, &longs;axo&longs;a e&longs;t & vento&longs;a & ri<lb/>xo&longs;a. </s>

<s id="s.006846">Buxus igitur &longs;olo lapido&longs;o, c&oelig;lo pau<lb/>lò frigidiore, venti&longs;que gaudet. </s>

<s id="s.006847">Pina&longs;ter <lb/>autem frigidioribus in vallibus, montibú&longs;<lb/>que na&longs;ci &longs;olet. </s>

<s id="s.006848">Sic frumentum contraria <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg973"/><lb/>ratione in in&longs;ula B. Thomæ, quæ &longs;ub æqui<lb/>noctij circulo po&longs;ita e&longs;t, ob &longs;oli & c&oelig;li <lb/>temperiem in herbam tran&longs;it fru&longs;tratis agri<lb/>colis. </s>

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<s id="s.006935"><margin.target id="marg986"/>In&longs;erendi <lb/>ratio.</s>

<s id="s.006936">Dicunt tamen, vitem in&longs;itarn cera&longs;o vuas <lb/>præcoces ferre: quod neque &longs;emper, nec <pb pagenum="502" xlink:href="016/01/151.jpg"/>vbique contingit. </s>

<s id="s.006936">Dicunt tamen, vitem in&longs;itam cera&longs;o vuas <lb/>præcoces ferre: quod neque &longs;emper, nec <pb pagenum="502" xlink:href="016/01/151.jpg"/>vbique contingit. </s>

<s id="s.006937">Sed e&longs;t modus in his præ<lb/>&longs;tantior: Triennis aut paulò antiquioris ce<lb/>ra&longs;i truncum terebra transfodito: per id <lb/>faramen bimæ vitis, quæ iuxta nata &longs;it, ra<lb/>mum traducito, locum diligenter com<lb/>plens fimo, vnde cera & &longs;tupa claudens, <lb/>&longs;ic vt qui prominet &longs;urculus ab vtraque <lb/>planta trahat alimentum: inde po&longs;t bien<lb/>nium in calidæ regione, in frigida po&longs;t <lb/>triennium: præcinde ramum à vite iuxta ce<lb/>ra&longs;um, vt vitis à &longs;ola cera&longs;o trahat alimen<lb/>tum: vtque vitis hæc præcoces feret vuas, <lb/>&longs;ic eodem modo in&longs;ita, mala, ro&longs;a, flores, &longs;ub <lb/>bruma. </s>

<s id="s.006937">Sed e&longs;t modus in his præ<lb/>&longs;tantior: Triennis aut paulò antiquioris ce<lb/>ra&longs;i truncum terebra transfodito: per id <lb/>foramen bimæ vitis, quæ iuxta nata &longs;it, ra<lb/>mum traducito, locum diligenter com<lb/>plens fimo, vnde cera & &longs;tupa claudens, <lb/>&longs;ic vt qui prominet &longs;urculus ab vtraque <lb/>planta trahat alimentum: inde po&longs;t bien<lb/>nium in calidæ regione, in frigida po&longs;t <lb/>triennium: præcinde ramum à vite iuxta ce<lb/>ra&longs;um, vt vitis à &longs;ola cera&longs;o trahat alimen<lb/>tum: vtque vitis hæc præcoces feret vuas, <lb/>&longs;ic eodem modo in&longs;ita, mala, ro&longs;a, flores, &longs;ub <lb/>bruma. </s>

<s id="s.006938">Eiu&longs;dem rationis e&longs;t, quum &longs;emen li<lb/>ni cepis inditum profert herbam lini fo<lb/>lio, &longs;apore verò acri. </s>

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<s id="s.006940">Atque ea ratione <lb/>excogitatam puto &longs;calongiam, quæ tuni<lb/>cis ac forma allium refert, odore autem & <lb/>&longs;apore tum &longs;ub&longs;tantia cepam: vt inter hæc <lb/>duo media, ad vnguem videatur: medium <lb/>enim pror&longs;us e&longs;t inter omnia, &longs;eu natura, <lb/>&longs;eu arte. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg988"/></s>

<s id="s.006941"><margin.target id="marg987"/>Sealongia, <lb/>&longs;eu macro<lb/>cronion.</s>

<s id="s.006941"><margin.target id="marg987"/>Scalongia, <lb/>&longs;eu macro<lb/>cronion.</s>

<s id="s.006942"><margin.target id="marg988"/>Conuer&longs;io fo<lb/>liorum in <lb/>plantis an<lb/>nua diurna<lb/>que.</s>

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<s id="s.006962">Sunt & quædam ex genere arborum, at<lb/>que herbarum, vt ruta, de qua iam di<lb/>ximus, &longs;aluia, caulis: arbore&longs;cit & pha<lb/>&longs;ellus in Senegæ regno, de quo iam di<lb/>ctum e&longs;t: ex arbore copio&longs;i&longs;&longs;imus proue<lb/>nit: &longs;unt autem parui, rubri, oculóque ni<lb/>gro. </s>

<s id="s.006963">Alius verò Indicus e&longs;t, magnitudi<lb/>ne amygdali, quem apud me &longs;eruo, & cu<lb/>ius feci periculum. </s>

<s id="s.006964">Is nulla in parte à ve</s>

<s id="s.006964">Is nulla in parte à ve<arrow.to.target n="marg992"/><lb/>ri pha&longs;elli forma deficit: magnitudine ve<lb/>rò atque &longs;ub&longs;tantia tam corticis, quàm nu<lb/>clei amygdalis per&longs;imilis e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006966">Cortex qua<lb/>cunque tæda melius ardet: olei enim plu<lb/>rimùm continet, atque id adeò acre, vt li<lb/>guam feriat magis quàm piper: & ob id <lb/>creditum: mirum in modum prode&longs;&longs;e vul<lb/>neribus. </s>

<s id="s.006965"><arrow.to.target n="marg992"/><lb/>ri pha&longs;elli forma deficit: magnitudine ve<lb/>rò atque &longs;ub&longs;tantia tam corticis, quàm nu<lb/>clei amygdalis per&longs;imilis e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.006967">Nucleus, pi&longs;tacij &longs;aporem refert. </s>

<s id="s.006968">Ob <lb/>id &longs;i ex herba na&longs;ceretur, non leuis lucri pro<lb/>uincia e&longs;&longs;et illum transferre: nam impen&longs;am, <lb/>oleum corticibus exceptum ad lampadum <lb/>v&longs;um, &longs;uperaret: toto medulla v&longs;uræ loco <lb/>e&longs;&longs;er. </s>

<s id="s.006969"><margin.target id="marg992"/>Pha&longs;ellus <lb/>Indicus.</s>

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<s id="s.007014">Plutarchus verò cen&longs;et, quoniam ignea <lb/>vi polleat, irnitari pondere, atque &longs;iccatum <lb/>reparatis viribus contrahi: vel quia aëre ex<lb/>cu&longs;&longs;o robu&longs;tius fiat, & magis flectatur in <lb/>aduer&longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.007015">Atque vt ex multis vna fiat &longs;en<lb/>tentia, lignum hoc quum pondere vexatur, <lb/>di&longs;cutit, &longs;eu humidum, &longs;eu aqueum, &longs;eu <lb/>aërem: vunde brenius factum, retrahit &longs;e<lb/>ip&longs;um. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1000"/></s>

<s id="s.007015">Atque vt ex multis vna fiat &longs;en<lb/>tentia, lignum hoc quum pondere vexatur, <lb/>di&longs;cutit, &longs;eu humidum, &longs;eu aqueum, &longs;eu <lb/>aërem: v unde breuius factum, retrahit &longs;e<lb/>ip&longs;um. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1000"/></s>

<s id="s.007016"><margin.target id="marg1000"/>Sicomori li<lb/>gnum quod <lb/>in aqua &longs;ic<lb/>catur, & non <lb/>in aëre.</s>

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<s id="s.007021">Minore admiratione dignum e&longs;t, quòd </s>

<s id="s.007022"><arrow.to.target n="marg1001"/><lb/>&longs;tatuæ &longs;udent: nam ratio in promptu e&longs;t, <lb/>quum humidum pingue, vi caloris ex<lb/>pre&longs;&longs;um, fudoris imaginem præ&longs;ter. </s>

<s id="s.007023">Ob id <lb/>maximè &longs;udant, quæ ligno con&longs;tant cedri, <lb/>oliuæ, vitis ac cupre&longs;&longs;i. </s>

<s id="s.007024">Contingit hoc ma<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1002"/><lb/>gis Au&longs;tris flantibus, quòd humor &longs;it co<lb/>pio&longs;ior, ac tenuior. </s>

<s id="s.007025">At quæ in terra &longs;ulphu<lb/>rea, ac bitumino&longs;a na&longs;cuntur, &longs;i aërea ac <lb/>ignea &longs;ub&longs;tantia &longs;int, parúmque terræ, ac <lb/>aquæ contineant, quales &longs;unt alnus, abies, <lb/>pinus, piceáque dum franguntur, maximè <lb/>&longs;i iam putruerint &longs;cintillas igneas emitte<lb/>re &longs;olent. </s>

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<s id="s.007046">Quærunt igitur iurè meritò quidam, <lb/>quomodo meconium, cùm immodicè &longs;it <lb/>frigidum, atque adeò vt occidat, po&longs;&longs;it <pb pagenum="504" xlink:href="016/01/153.jpg"/>Venerem excitare? </s>

<s id="s.007047">Itaque alind meco<lb/>nium ab amphiam e&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timant. </s>

<s id="s.007047">Itaque aliud meco<lb/>nium ab amphiam e&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timant. </s>

<s id="s.007048">Sed & <lb/>amphiam venenum e&longs;t apud Indos, atque <lb/>ex eorum genere, quæ ab&longs;que mole&longs;tia oc<lb/>cidunt: quod meconio proprium e&longs;&longs;e, ne<lb/>mo ignorat. </s>

<s id="s.007049">Sed for&longs;an aliud e&longs;t quippiam <lb/>quod & curas leuat, & Venerem &longs;ti<lb/>mulat, & &longs;omnum affert, quale amo<lb/>mum & crocus. </s>

<s id="s.007050">Ergo quòd &longs;int quædam, <lb/>quæ Venerem immodicam excitent, do<lb/>cuimus: quænam autem &longs;int illa, per<lb/>fecta plantarum hi&longs;toria etiam explica<lb/>bimus. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1006"/></s>

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<s id="s.007068">In hoc videtur natura plantis inclemen<lb/>tior fui&longs;&longs;e quàm animalibus, cùm plantis <lb/>hyeme ve&longs;tes decidant, animalibus cre&longs;cant, <lb/>&longs;cilicet pili. </s>

<s id="s.007069">Armauit & plantas velut & <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1008"/><lb/>animalia, duritie, magnitudine, flectendi <lb/>facilitate, tum &longs;pinis. </s>

<s id="s.007070">Muniuit enim qua<lb/>drifariàm foliia, &longs;pinis ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"/>)<emph.end type="italics"/> ro&longs;arum, <lb/>minoribus aculeis. </s>

<s id="s.007070">Muniuit enim qua<lb/>drifariàm follia, &longs;pinis ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"/>)<emph.end type="italics"/> ro&longs;arum, <lb/>minoribus aculeis. </s>

<s id="s.007071">vt boraginis: lanugine, <lb/>vt menta&longs;tri: pilis, vt violæ, & pilo&longs;ellæ <lb/>vtriu&longs;que. </s>

<s id="s.007072">Lanugine den&longs;ior pilus, ideò ad <lb/>vulnera con&longs;olidanda nil par. </s>

<s id="s.007073">Sed & errores, <lb/>vt in animalibus, atque eò ftequentiores, <lb/>quò viliores. </s>

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<s id="s.007097">Indicio primum e&longs;t, quòd nul<lb/>la planta, quæ nudum habeat truncum, pa<lb/>ria habeat in vertice: deinde, quòd medium <lb/>folium &longs;emper &longs;it maius, pinguius ac ro<lb/>bu&longs;tius reliquis, tum illi proximiora remo<lb/>tioribus, quodque ex aduer&longs;o nerui &longs;emper <lb/>cauitas in &longs;tipite adiacet, ip&longs;eque truncus <lb/>faciliùs inflectitur in ip&longs;am cauitatem, quàm <lb/>in neruum. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1013"/></s>

<s id="s.007098"><margin.target id="marg1012"/>Folia pro<lb/>pter flores & <lb/>fructus &longs;acta <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e o&longs;tendi<lb/>tur.</s>

<s id="s.007098"><margin.target id="marg1012"/>Folia pro<lb/>pter flores & <lb/>fructus facta <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e o&longs;tendi<lb/>tur.</s>

<s id="s.007099"><margin.target id="marg1013"/>Nerui folio<lb/>rum cur <lb/>impares.</s>

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<s id="s.007120">Cato verò & hos, & <lb/>vuas nondum maturas va&longs;is vitreis &longs;ub terra <lb/>reconditis &longs;eruari docuit. </s>

<s id="s.007121"><margin.target id="marg1016"/>Fructus du<lb/>ri corticis <lb/>quomodo ro<lb/>uire&longs;cant.</s>

<s id="s.007121"><margin.target id="marg1016"/>Fructus du<lb/>ri corticis <lb/>quomodo re<lb/>uire&longs;cant.</s>

<s id="s.007122">Multa &longs;unt quæ ad hæc pertinent, non <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1017"/><lb/>tamen &longs;unt ex his de quibus, vt &longs;ermo &longs;it <lb/>completus, nunc dicendum erit. </s>

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<s id="s.007178">Ab&longs;olui&longs;&longs;e iam plantarum hi&longs;toriam &longs;cio </s>

<s id="s.007179"><arrow.to.target n="marg1024"/><lb/>&longs;ed quoniam attamenti rubri atque puni<lb/>nei compo&longs;itionem docui, cæterorum etiam <lb/>adiiciam. </s>

<s id="s.007179"><arrow.to.target n="marg1024"/><lb/>&longs;ed quoniam attamenti rubri atque puni<lb/>nci compo&longs;itionem docui, cæterorum etiam <lb/>adiiciam. </s>

<s id="s.007180">C&oelig;ruleum, à c&oelig;rulea terra, vel <lb/>lapide Cyaneo, tum aureum è purpurina, <lb/>vel auro: reliquique omnes è metallicis co<lb/>lores, vtriu&longs;que ad vnguem modis, quibus <lb/>rubrum è cinnabari &longs;uprà mi&longs;ceri docuimus, <lb/>perficiuntur. </s>

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<s id="s.007196">Siquidem, &longs;i pulue<lb/>re delendæ &longs;unt, affricandus e&longs;t digitis mol<lb/>liter. </s>

<s id="s.007197">Si ferro, celerrimè, & leui&longs;&longs;imè tra<lb/>ctandus gladius. </s>

<s id="s.007198">Si aqua, caue, ne dum <lb/>literas &longs;tudes abradere, chartam laceres. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007199">Et ad &longs;ummum, ne tam accuratum nego<lb/>gium ruditer tractes. </s>

<s id="s.007199">Et ad &longs;ummum, ne tam accuratum nego<lb/>tium ruditer tractes. </s>

<s id="s.007200">Dictum hucu&longs;que de Elementis, C&oelig;lo, <lb/>Luce, Mi&longs;tione, Metallis, Lapidibus, & <lb/>Plantis: tran&longs;eamus iam ad Animalium hi<lb/>&longs;toriam, & primò ad in&longs;ecta. </s>

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<s id="s.007219">Animalia fui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>&longs;ola, quæ aliorum carnibus ve&longs;cerentur, po&longs;<lb/>&longs;ibile non fuit: nam altero alterum <expan abbr="comed&etilde;-te">comeden<lb/>te</expan>, nec alio cibo &longs;uppetente, cum &longs;emper ali<lb/>quid loco excrementi &longs;uperabundet, quanti<lb/>tate primùm moles tota animalium & nu<lb/>mero minueret, demum etiam imò breui de<lb/>ficeret. </s>

<s id="s.007220">Quòd &longs;i plantis omnia animalia ve&longs;<lb/>cerentur, non adepta fui&longs;&longs;et natura perfe<lb/>ctionem quoniam &longs;anguisille, & caro non <lb/>ex elementis confractis, & optimè tempera<lb/>tis con&longs;i&longs;teret. </s>

<s id="s.007221">Ob id nullum animal, quod <lb/>carne non ve&longs;catur, &longs;agax e&longs;t, & prudens, ex<lb/>cepto elephante. </s>

<s id="s.007222">Non ergo aues &longs;agaces, <lb/>non pi&longs;ces, non animalia pedibus &longs;olis præ<lb/>dita, &longs;olicita, &longs;agacia & moribus humanio<lb/>ribus facere potetat. </s>

<s id="s.007222">Non ergo aues &longs;agaces, <lb/>non pi&longs;ces, non animalia pedibus &longs;olis præ<lb/>dita, &longs;olicita, &longs;agacia & moribus humanio<lb/>ribus facere poterat. </s>

<s id="s.007223">Nam quæ carnibus <lb/>vtuntur, &longs;en&longs;u proximioria homini &longs;unt <lb/>quàm quæ plantis, vt canes, vulpes, cercopi<lb/>theci, feles, leones, delphini, vr&longs;i, aquilæ. </s>

<s id="s.007224">Tria <lb/>igitur animalium genera &longs;unt ciborum va<lb/>rietate di&longs;tincta: quædam enim &longs;olis plantis <lb/>ve&longs;cuntur, vt equi, a&longs;ini, boues, oues, capræ. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007225">Quædam &longs;olis animalibus, vt leones, delphi<lb/>ni, pantheræ. </s>

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<s id="s.007227">Quæ <lb/>animalibus ve&longs;cuntur, &longs;i animalia excipias, <lb/>quæ illis loco cibi &longs;unt, cum reliquis ciuilia <lb/>&longs;unt, velut coruo cum vulpe, pifici cum mil<lb/>uis, vulpi cum &longs;erpente, crocodilo cum regu<lb/>lo, aut lupo pi&longs;ci cum mugili. </s>

<s id="s.007228">Sed quæ plan<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1031"/><lb/>tis ve&longs;cebantur, dentibu&longs;que obtu&longs;ioribus <lb/>indigebant: alia vngulis armauit, vt equos, <lb/>a&longs;inos, & camelos, alia cornibus, vt <lb/>boues, & capras. </s>

<s id="s.007229">Et quoniam paruis <lb/>animalibus vngularum, & cornuum præ<lb/>&longs;idium fugam retarda&longs;&longs;et, & ob virium <lb/>imbecillitatem parum attuli&longs;&longs;et auxilij, ob <lb/>id vtrumque illis negauit, vt leporibus, cu-<pb pagenum="508" xlink:href="016/01/157.jpg"/>niculi&longs;que Fera autem omnia, & quæ car<lb/>ve&longs;cuntur, dentibus, & præacutis armauit, <lb/>præter aues: in his verò ro&longs;trum fecit adun<lb/>cum. </s>

<s id="s.007230">Sed vniuer&longs;is fermè quibus aut den<lb/>tes non dedit, vt auibus: aut minùs firmos, <lb/>vt felibus, ac his, quæ &longs;imilia illis &longs;unt, vn<lb/>gubs curuos & robu&longs;tos largita e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.007231">Carni<lb/>nora igitur dentibus, & vnguibus mitia cor<lb/>nibus, aut vngulis, &longs;i magna erant parua <lb/>celeritate &longs;ola muniuit. </s>

<s id="s.007231">Carni<lb/>uora igitur dentibus, & vnguibus mitia cor<lb/>nibus, aut vngulis, &longs;i magna erant parua <lb/>celeritate &longs;ola muniuit. </s>

<s id="s.007232">Reliquum e&longs;t igitur <lb/>his intellectis, vt doceamus, cur quædam <lb/>animalia è putredine generentur, alia per <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1032"/><lb/>propagationem. </s>

<s id="s.007233">Cau&longs;a igitur huius diffe<lb/>rentiæ e&longs;t, quia natura generationem pau<lb/>ci&longs;&longs;imis indigere voluit: ob id principaliter <lb/>generationem ex putrida materia in omni<lb/>bus animalibus quæ&longs;i&longs;&longs;et: &longs;ed quoniam per<lb/>fecta, vt ab&longs;oluerentur, longo tempore in<lb/>digebant, non potui&longs;&longs;et materia tamdiu <lb/>ab&longs;que motu con&longs;eruari, maximè ob tem<lb/>porum vici&longs;&longs;itudines ab&longs;que conceptaculo: <lb/>itaque nece&longs;&longs;arius fuit vterus, vel oui cor<lb/>tex, in quo &longs;eruaretur f&oelig;tus, donec perfi<lb/>ceretur: atque ideò etiam generatio ex &longs;e<lb/>mine. </s>

<s id="s.007234">Itaque manife&longs;tum e&longs;t, &longs;olam gene<lb/>rationem ex putredine intentam e&longs;&longs;e à na<lb/>tura, eamque exiguo tempore ab&longs;olui: reli<lb/>quam coactam e&longs;&longs;e, nec primò à natura in<lb/>tentam, atque tardiorem. </s>

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<s id="s.007390">Sed &longs;alamandræ neque mon&longs;tra &longs;unt, neque <lb/>&longs;ui motus habent plus quàm vnum princi<lb/>pium: verùm cùm diuiduntur, imaginatri<lb/>cem virtutem habent imperfecti&longs;&longs;imam. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007391">Quid mirum cùm dum valent, &longs;int hebetis <lb/>&longs;en&longs;us? </s>

<s id="s.007392">exterioris dico: quid de interiore di<lb/>cendum e&longs;t? </s>

<s id="s.007393">Cau&longs;a igitur huius ince&longs;&longs;us e&longs;t, <lb/>quòd cùm imaginatricem habeant debili&longs;<lb/>&longs;imam, hæcautem virtus dolorem, & malum <lb/>effugere docet, vtraque pars autem dolo<lb/>lorem &longs;entit, vbi præci&longs;um e&longs;t corpus, & al<lb/>tera ab altera diui&longs;a, anterior igitur ver&longs;us <lb/>po&longs;teriorem vulnus habet, po&longs;terior ver&longs;us <lb/>partem anteriorem: quare vt dolorem vtra<lb/>que pars effugiat, anterior anterius moue<lb/>bit, po&longs;terior po&longs;terius: ob ídque &longs;peciem re<lb/>fert animalis duo principia motus habentis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007393">Cau&longs;a igitur huius ince&longs;&longs;us e&longs;t, <lb/>quòd cùm imaginatricem habeant debili&longs;<lb/>&longs;imam, hæcautem virtus dolorem, & malum <lb/>effugere docet, vtraque pars autem dolo<lb/>rem &longs;entit, vbi præci&longs;um e&longs;t corpus, & al<lb/>tera ab altera diui&longs;a, anterior igitur ver&longs;us <lb/>po&longs;teriorem vulnus habet, po&longs;terior ver&longs;us <lb/>partem anteriorem: quare vt dolorem vtra<lb/>que pars effugiat, anterior anterius moue<lb/>bit, po&longs;terior po&longs;terius: ob ídque &longs;peciem re<lb/>fert animalis duo principia motus habentis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007394">Nullum igitur animal ni&longs;i mon&longs;trificum, & <lb/>natura imperfectum, duo pote&longs;t habere ca<lb/>pita, tum quia quod paucioribus ab&longs;olui po<lb/>te&longs;t, natura plurimis haud perficit: tum quia <lb/>id animal &longs;ibiip&longs;i po&longs;&longs;et di&longs;&longs;entire, & aduer<lb/>&longs;ari. </s>

<s id="s.007395">Atque hæ &longs;unt rationes per&longs;ua&longs;oriæ, de<lb/>mon&longs;tratiuæ autem in libris de Arcanis æter<lb/>nitatis adducentur. </s>

<s id="s.007396">At dices: Cancri tamen <lb/>ad vtranque partem mouentur: &longs;ed pedes <lb/>habent antè re&longs;picientes, ob id non mouen<lb/>tur in vtranque partem ex principio. </s>

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<s id="s.007438">Nam cùm &longs;taret gallo &longs;imilis videri po<lb/>tuit, ni&longs;i quòd corio, non plumis, tectus e&longs;<lb/>&longs;et, carerétque alis. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1057"/></s>

<s id="s.007439"><margin.target id="marg1057"/>Animalia è <lb/>putrida ma<lb/>teria &longs;ermè <lb/>tot generum, <lb/>quot ea, quæ <lb/>putre&longs;cunt.</s>

<s id="s.007439"><margin.target id="marg1057"/>Animalia è <lb/>putrida ma<lb/>teria fermè <lb/>tot generum, <lb/>quot ea, quæ <lb/>putre&longs;cunt.</s>

<s id="s.007440">Sed his relictis, ad apum genus reuerta<lb/>mur. </s>

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<s id="s.007474">Et Plinius: Seres lanico &longs;yluarum nobiles <lb/>perfu&longs;am aqua depectentes frondium cani<lb/>tiem. </s>

<s id="s.007475">Exi&longs;timo tamen, hoc no&longs;trum &longs;ericum <lb/>illud e&longs;&longs;e, quod ab antiquis celebratur, Ari<lb/>&longs;toteli <emph type="italics"/>(<emph.end type="italics"/>vt dixi) cognitum, &longs;ed in certa nu<lb/>triendi ratione, intermortuo di&longs;ciplina, &longs;eu <lb/>quòd Pamphyla docuerit, delata ex India <lb/>fila, & iam victoria Alexandri Magni co<lb/>gnita, non tamen tran&longs;latis vermibus, texe<lb/>re. </s>

<s id="s.007476">Inde primùm &longs;ub Iu&longs;tiniano, & oua, & <lb/>artem educandi per monachos ad nos per<lb/>ueni&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.007477">Interim verò dum latuêre, per&longs;ua<lb/>&longs;um e&longs;t antiquis è frondium lanugine depe<lb/>cti: &longs;iue quod hoc verimilius videretur, &longs;eu <lb/>quòd bombyces ibi &longs;pontè in &longs;yluis proue<lb/>niant, &longs;eu quòd &longs;ic incolæ occultare origi<lb/>nem &longs;erici melius po&longs;&longs;e &longs;perarent. </s>

<s id="s.007477">Interim verò dum latuêre, per&longs;ua<lb/>&longs;um e&longs;t antiquis è frondium lanugine depe<lb/>cti: &longs;iue quod hoc veri&longs;imilius videretur, &longs;eu <lb/>quòd bombyces ibi &longs;pontè in &longs;yluis proue<lb/>niant, &longs;eu quòd &longs;ic incolæ occultare origi<lb/>nem &longs;erici melius po&longs;&longs;e &longs;perarent. </s>

<s id="s.007478">Verùm vt <lb/>Cæ&longs;aris huius ac materni aui aut beneficio <lb/>totus orbis innotuit, patuit apertè præter <lb/>hoc &longs;erici genus nullum aliud e&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.007479">Vtili&longs;&longs;imi </s>

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<s id="s.007518"><margin.target id="marg1062"/>Locu&longs;te cibi <lb/>loco &longs;unt <lb/>Afris.</s>

<s id="s.007519"><margin.target id="marg1063"/>Humidum <lb/>pingue quod. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007519"><margin.target id="marg1063"/>Humidum <lb/>pingue <expan abbr="quoddã">quod<lb/>dam</expan>, quod non <lb/>ardet.</s>

<s id="s.007520"><expan abbr="dã">dam</expan>, quod non <lb/>ardet.</s>

<s id="s.007521"><margin.target id="marg1064"/>Locu&longs;tæ, for<lb/>micæ, papi<lb/>liones cur <lb/>oua gignant, <lb/>non tamen <lb/>apes.</s>

<s id="s.007522">Verùm cur hæc <emph type="italics"/>(<emph.end type="italics"/> etiam&longs;i quædam mino<lb/>ra &longs;int apibus) formicæ &longs;cilicet, papiliones, <lb/>locu&longs;tæ oua gignunt, apes non po&longs;&longs;unt? </s>

<s id="s.007523">Cau<lb/>&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd cùm pariunt, non volant, &longs;ed for<lb/>mam retinent erucæ, aureliæve, aut cum <lb/>his commoriuntur, vt bombyces ac locuftæ: <lb/>nam oua in tam paruis animalibus volatui <lb/>impedimento erant: igitur cùm apes præ<lb/>&longs;taret ob egregiam vtilitatem viuaces e&longs;&longs;e, <lb/>in &longs;eptimum enim aut etiam octauum an<lb/>num earum vita producitur, oua parere im<lb/>po&longs;&longs;ibile fuit. </s>

<s id="s.007523">Cau<lb/>&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd cùm pariunt, non volant, &longs;ed for<lb/>mam retinent erucæ, aureliæve, aut cum <lb/>his commoriuntur, vt bombyces ac locu&longs;tæ: <lb/>nam oua in tam paruis animalibus volatui <lb/>impedimento erant: igitur cùm apes præ<lb/>&longs;taret ob egregiam vtilitatem viuaces e&longs;&longs;e, <lb/>in &longs;eptimum enim aut etiam octauum an<lb/>num earum vita producitur, oua parere im<lb/>po&longs;&longs;ibile fuit. </s>

<s id="s.007524">Nec&longs;olùm tam minuta, &longs;ed <lb/>& maiora animalia è putredine, imò omnia <lb/>credendum e&longs;t originem ducere, cùm iam <lb/>de muribus con&longs;tet, & pr&longs;ces in aquis re<lb/>centibus &longs;pontè generentur. </s>

<s id="s.007525">Cum enim (vt <lb/>dixi) putredo præce&longs;&longs;erit, pingue &longs;eparatur à <lb/>cinere, calórque confe&longs;tim animam infun<lb/>dit illi materiæ aptam. </s>

<s id="s.007526">Vnde fit vt animalia <lb/>omnia, quæ è putri generantur materia, vt <lb/>blattæ, vermes, <foreign lang="greek">o)/noi</foreign> dolores vbique natos &longs;i <lb/>quid aliud finiant: &longs;unt enim è calidi&longs;&longs;ima, </s>

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<s id="s.007585">Videtur autem formicarum genus natura <lb/>non neglexi&longs;&longs;e, tunc ob hanc mutationem, <lb/>tum ob vitæ longitudinem, tum ob tot illa<lb/>rum diuer&longs;a genera, & politiam etiam, quam <lb/>&longs;eruant. </s>

<s id="s.007586">Vt verò apes regnum, ita formi<lb/>cæ popularem &longs;tatum cu&longs;todiunt. </s>

<s id="s.007587">Cre&longs;cunt <lb/>quædam admodum in calidis regionibus, <lb/>adeò vt Ra&longs;is referat, in Su&longs;ide inclyta <lb/>vrbe Per&longs;idis regionis, fui&longs;&longs;e nutritam for<lb/>micam publicè, &longs;iquidem in foro Auiano, <lb/>quæ &longs;ingulis diebus libram carnis ederet. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007588">Aliæ verò in I&longs;thmo Sur & Nort occiden<lb/>talis Indiæ ca&longs;ulas adeò duras efficiunt <lb/>apum &longs;imilitudine, vt vix &longs;ecuribus tandem <lb/>rumpi queant, atque &longs;ie arboribus perni<lb/>ciem afferunt. </s>

<s id="s.007589">Inter plantarum genera, quæ alis carent, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1073"/><lb/>frumentaceæ præ&longs;tant, quæ &longs;i inter furfures <lb/>nutriantur, mirum dictu in quantam excre&longs;<lb/>cant multitudinem: vt ex decem in trecen<lb/>tas, paucorum dierum interuallo. </s>

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<s id="s.007646"><margin.target id="marg1079"/>Formicæ cæ<lb/>cæ.</s>

<s id="s.007647"><margin.target id="marg1080"/>Panni ne ti<lb/>nei, <expan abbr="in&longs;e&longs;tãtur">in&longs;e&longs;tan<lb/>tur</expan>. </s>

<s id="s.007647"><margin.target id="marg1080"/>Panni ne ti<lb/>nei, <expan abbr="in&longs;e&longs;tãtur">in&longs;f&longs;tan<lb/>tur</expan>. </s>

<s id="s.007648"><margin.target id="marg1081"/>Serpentes <lb/>quibus fu<lb/>gentur.</s>

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<s id="s.007658"><margin.target id="marg1083"/>Cur quibu&longs;<lb/>dam anima<lb/>libus præci&longs;a <lb/>membra re<lb/>generentur.</s>

<s id="s.007659">Proprium videtur e&longs;&longs;e animalibus è putre<lb/>dine genitis, quòd in&longs;ecta &longs;int, vt pr&etail;ci&longs;a <expan abbr="m&etilde;-bra">men<lb/>bra</expan> illis rena&longs;cantur: vt caudæ &longs;erpentum & <lb/>lacertorum, chelæ cancrorum, oculi hirundi<lb/>num certè, & vt multi exi&longs;timant, etiam &longs;er<lb/>pentum. </s>

<s id="s.007659">Proprium videtur e&longs;&longs;e animalibus è putre<lb/>dine genitis, quòd in&longs;ecta &longs;int, vt pr&etail;ci&longs;a <expan abbr="m&etilde;-bra">menm<lb/>bra</expan> illis rena&longs;cantur: vt caudæ &longs;erpentum & <lb/>lacertorum, chelæ cancrorum, oculi hirundi<lb/>num certè, & vt multi exi&longs;timant, etiam &longs;er<lb/>pentum. </s>

<s id="s.007660">Cau&longs;a huius e&longs;t, quòd imperfecta <lb/>&longs;unt: vnde non hirundinibus, &longs;ed pullis hi<lb/>rundinum oculi rena&longs;cuntur, & in f&oelig;tibus <lb/>etiam per&longs;æpè, dum in vtero &longs;unt membra <lb/>oblæ&longs;a re&longs;taurantur. </s>

<s id="s.007661">Medici ob id quòd hu<lb/>midiora &longs;unt, dicerent. </s>

<s id="s.007662">For&longs;an vtraque can&longs;a <lb/>vera dici pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.007662">For&longs;an vtraque cau&longs;a <lb/>vera dici pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.007663">In genere igitur in&longs;ecto<lb/>rum erunt te&longs;tudines, & crocodili, & cha<lb/>mæleontes, & quæcunque quadrupeda <pb pagenum="517" xlink:href="016/01/166.jpg"/>ex ouis generantur: non enim hæc nece&longs;&longs;i<lb/>tate quadam ex ouis, vt pi&longs;ces, vel volu<lb/>cres (vt inferiùs demon&longs;trabimus) generan<lb/>tur, &longs;ed ob naturæ imperfectionem. </s>

<s id="s.007664">Igitur <lb/>his ex talibus, membra præci&longs;a re&longs;tauran<lb/>tur, ignobilis enim natnra oui, & &longs;eminis <lb/>ve&longs;tigium vix in his di&longs;cernitur. </s>

<s id="s.007664">Igitur <lb/>his ex talibus, membra præci&longs;a re&longs;tauran<lb/>tur, ignobilis enim natura oui, & &longs;eminis <lb/>ve&longs;tigium vix in his di&longs;cernitur. </s>

<s id="s.007665">Porrò hæc </s>

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<s id="s.007669">Solus primùm mouet &longs;uperio<lb/>rem mandibulam, inferiorem verò habet <lb/>immobilem. </s>

<s id="s.007670">Secundum in eo miraculum, <lb/>quòd tandiu cre&longs;cat, quandiu viuat. </s>

<s id="s.007671">Viuit <lb/>autem ad annum &longs;exage&longs;imum, totque den<lb/>tes habet, totidémque diebus ex ouo exclu<lb/>ditur, totque numero oua parit, vt cum hoc <lb/>numero maximè conuenire videatur. </s>

<s id="s.007672">Cre&longs;cit <lb/>autem ex ouo an&longs;erino &longs;imillimo in longitu<lb/>nem cubitorum 18. quandoque. </s>

<s id="s.007672">Cre&longs;cit <lb/>autem ex ouo an&longs;erino &longs;imillimo in longitu<lb/>dinem cubitorum 18. quandoque. </s>

<s id="s.007673">Quintum <lb/>habet præcipuum hoc animal, quòd cùm <lb/>terre&longs;tre &longs;it, vitam agit vt pi&longs;cis: &longs;emper enim <lb/>fermè in aquis latitat, maximè autem in <lb/>Nilo flumine. </s>

<s id="s.007674">Vbi & illud admiratione di<lb/>gnum, quòd &longs;upra Chairum vrbem &longs;æuiat, <lb/>hominé&longs;que occidat, infra autem mitè. </s>

<s id="s.007675">Re<lb/>ferunt à &longs;eptingentis annis, quibus Mahu<lb/>meti cultores eam regionem obtinent, factos <lb/>longè ferociores quàm antea: huiú&longs;que cau<lb/>&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e, quòd in fundamentis templi cu<lb/>iu&longs;dam, hi &longs;tatuam plumbeam crocodili in<lb/>uenerunt cum literis Ægyptiis, qua confla<lb/>ta crocodilos in po&longs;terum de&longs;æui&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.007676">Cicu<lb/>rabant autem eos &longs;acerdotes mirum in mo<lb/>dum, cum tamen nullum animal quod in <lb/>aquis degat, verè man&longs;ue&longs;cat, tum minus <lb/>hoc quod crudeli&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.007677">Libet autem ex <lb/>Strabone ip&longs;a verba, de hac re ab Ari&longs;to<lb/>tele etiam ac po&longs;teris confirmata, citare. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007678">Ea &longs;unt: In præfectura Ar&longs;inoë crocodilus <lb/>mirum in modum colitur, & e&longs;t &longs;acer apud <lb/>eos, in lacu quodam nutritus &longs;eor&longs;um, & <lb/>&longs;acerdotibus man&longs;uetus, & Suchus voca<lb/>tur. </s>

<s id="s.007679">Ho&longs;pes itaque vir inter alios honota<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imus, qui nobis &longs;acra common&longs;trabat, <lb/>ad lacum veniens placentulam & carnem <lb/>a&longs;&longs;am, & quoddam mul&longs;i va&longs;culum ex c&oelig;<lb/>na attulit. </s>

<s id="s.007679">Ho&longs;pes itaque vir inter alios honora<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imus, qui nobis &longs;acra common&longs;trabat, <lb/>ad lacum veniens placentulam & carnem <lb/>a&longs;&longs;am, & quoddam mul&longs;i va&longs;culum ex c&oelig;<lb/>na attulit. </s>

<s id="s.007680">Belluam in ripa lacus inuenimus: <lb/>ex &longs;acerdotibus alius os eius aperuit, alius <lb/>bellaria iniecit, inde carnes ac mul&longs;um: il<lb/>le in lacum exiliens in vlteriorem partem <lb/>traiecit. </s>

<s id="s.007681">Hæc tam robu&longs;ta tamen ac grandis <lb/>bellua Tentyritas ( Ægyptij & hi &longs;unt ) ti<lb/>met ac formidat. </s>

<s id="s.007682">Strabo enim inquit po&longs;t <lb/>pauca: Cúmque crocodili Romam allati <lb/>e&longs;&longs;ent vt viderentur, Tentyritæ eos &longs;eque<lb/>bantur. </s>

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Line 11285

<s id="s.007713">Sed qui no&longs;tra <lb/>ætate illos viderunt, hæc addunt: Corpus <lb/>eius viride fermè e&longs;t cum &longs;plendore quo<lb/>dam, maculis ex albo cæruleóque di&longs;tinctis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007714">Sub ventre tamen dilutior e&longs;t color viridis, <lb/>& maculæ ip&longs;æ vbicunque &longs;unt, clauorum <lb/>formam qua&longs;i referunt, cùm rotundæ pau<lb/>li&longs;per prominere videantur. </s>

<s id="s.007715">A&longs;pectus eius <lb/>admodum alacris e&longs;t, ac lætus, quòd oculi <lb/>illius virides, & ex candido luteóque mi&longs;ti <lb/>multam lucem contineant, ideóque hilarior <lb/>videtur. </s>

<s id="s.007716">Sed cùm &longs;uprà viridem colorem, <lb/>aut album, vel cæruleum ponitur, colos <lb/>&longs;imilis iam natinus viget, & magis efflo<lb/>re&longs;cit, reliquis duobus non mutatis. </s>

<s id="s.007716">Sed cùm &longs;uprà viridem colorem, <lb/>aut album, vel cæruleum ponitur, colos <lb/>&longs;imilis iam natiuus viget, & magis efflo<lb/>re&longs;cit, reliquis duobus non mutatis. </s>

<s id="s.007717">Sed <lb/>qui&longs;que &longs;uis in partibus &longs;eruatur. </s>

<s id="s.007718">At cùm <lb/>&longs;uper nigrum ponitur colorem, pars viridis <lb/>mirum in modum ob&longs;curatur & hebe&longs;cit, <lb/>maculæque mutantur. </s>

<s id="s.007719">Idem etiam ei ab&longs;<lb/>que coloribus contingit: vexatus enim aut <lb/>detentus vi, maculas in nigrum commutat, <lb/>& viridis color ob&longs;curatur. </s>

<s id="s.007720">Idem lætus & <lb/>alacris &longs;pontè colores natiuos ingeminat & <lb/>accendit: adeò vt non ob&longs;curum &longs;it hanc co<lb/>lorum mutationem illi contingere ob animi <lb/>a&longs;fectus. </s>

<s id="s.007721">Conuer&longs;us ad &longs;olem, illius radios <lb/>hianti ore excipit, & aërem deuorat. </s>

<s id="s.007722">Nam <lb/>&longs;en&longs;im primò turget collum, inde partes re<lb/>liquæ, donec aëre ad ventris imum de&longs;cen<lb/>dente pars etiam illa intumeat. </s>

<s id="s.007723">Na&longs;citur in <lb/>Soquotra in&longs;ula orientalis Indiæ. </s>

Line 11552

Line 11448

<s id="s.007832">Secundò, cur pi&longs;ces: tertiò, quare quæ <lb/>imperfecta &longs;unt, animal generare nequeant. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1092"/></s>

<s id="s.007833"><margin.target id="marg1092"/>Cur aues om<lb/>nes ex ouis <lb/>generentur.</s>

<s id="s.007834">nes ex ouis <lb/>generentur.</s>

<s id="s.007835">Primùm igitur ratione magna factum vi<lb/>detur: nam aut paucos pullos, aut multas <lb/>aues generare nece&longs;&longs;arium erat. </s>

Line 11570

Line 11465

<s id="s.007846">Nam vnum ouum magnum videbis, <lb/>alterum mediocre, &longs;cilicet quod perendie edi<lb/>tura erat, reliqua multitudo granis &longs;orgi &longs;eu <lb/>milicæ per&longs;imilis e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.007847">Oua autem edita pri<lb/>mùm ab&longs;que incommodo diu ab aue fota, <lb/>animal perfectum gignere po&longs;&longs;unt: & plura <lb/>&longs;imul fouentur, ita vt quod in quatuor, aut <lb/>&longs;ex men&longs;ibus pullos in vtero ge&longs;tando vix <lb/>perficeretur, in ouis vno men&longs;e ab&longs;oluitur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007848"><expan abbr="Manife&longs;t&utilde;">Manife&longs;tum</expan> e&longs;t igitur cur aues non pullos, &longs;ed <lb/>oua pariant. </s>

<s id="s.007849">Quædam tamen animal, vt ve&longs;</s>

<s id="s.007849">Quædam tamen animal, vt ve&longs;<arrow.to.target n="marg1093"/><lb/>pertilio: h&etail;c enim &longs;ola inter volucres animal, <pb pagenum="521" xlink:href="016/01/170.jpg"/>non ouum, parit: quoniam parùm volat, <lb/>tota enim hyeme latet reliquis anni parti<lb/>bus, non ni&longs;i &longs;ub crepu&longs;culo: dentes habet <lb/>non ro&longs;trum, mammas cum lacte quibus <lb/>filios nutriat, & alas membrana quadam <lb/>contextas, non pennis. </s>

<s id="s.007850"><arrow.to.target n="marg1093"/><lb/>pertilio: h&etail;c enim &longs;ola inter volucres animal, <pb pagenum="521" xlink:href="016/01/170.jpg"/>non ouum, parit: quoniam parùm volat, <lb/>tota enim hyeme latet reliquis anni parti<lb/>bus, non ni&longs;i &longs;ub crepu&longs;culo: dentes habet <lb/>non ro&longs;trum, mammas cum lacte quibus <lb/>filios nutriat, & alas membrana quadam <lb/>contextas, non pennis. </s>

<s id="s.007851">Sed & hoc vulpe<lb/>culæ com mune e&longs;t inter volucres. </s>

<s id="s.007852">At hæ <lb/>aues non &longs;unt, licet volent: quæ enim <lb/>aues &longs;unt, pluma integuntur, ro&longs;trum ha<lb/>bent non dentes, ve&longs;ica & mammis ac lacte <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1094"/><lb/>carent: & ouum pariunt. </s>

<s id="s.007853">Oua autem auium <lb/>bicolora &longs;unt, pi&longs;cium autem vnius tantùm <lb/>locoris. </s>

Line 11603

Line 11495

<s id="s.007877">Sed talpa quinque &longs;en&longs;us habet, vi&longs;um <lb/>tamen hebetem ratione finis. </s>

<s id="s.007878">Cùm enim <lb/>&longs;ub terra habitet, &longs;i oculos præacutos ha<lb/>beret, nil videns contri&longs;taretur: non enim <lb/>in ob&longs;curo videret. </s>

<s id="s.007879">Quòd &longs;i acri e&longs;&longs;et in<lb/>tuitu, molles haberet oculos, & facilè à <lb/>terra læderetur quacunque occa&longs;ione, nec <lb/>tamen quicquam videret iucundum: ce&longs;<lb/>&longs;átque finis in habitantibus &longs;ub terra per<lb/>petuò, quorum cau&longs;a facti &longs;unt oculi, vt <lb/>&longs;cilicet à longè &longs;entiret: ip&longs;a verò non in <lb/>cauernis habitat, &longs;ed &longs;olidam terebat ter<lb/>ram. </s>

<s id="s.007880">Auditu igitur potius indiguit: nam <lb/>quum in terræ &longs;uper&longs;icie habitare cogatur, <lb/>ob cibum fo&longs;&longs;orum pericula, & aliorum <lb/>animalium vim effugere auditu debuit: <lb/>quamobrem commodi&longs;&longs;imè tran&longs;lata e&longs;t <lb/>facultas videndi in acutiorem auditum: Au<lb/>dit enim optimè. </s>

<s id="s.007880">Auditu igitur potius indiguit: nam <lb/>quum in terræ &longs;uperficie habitare cogatur, <lb/>ob cibum fo&longs;&longs;orum pericula, & aliorum <lb/>animalium vim effugere auditu debuit: <lb/>quamobrem commodi&longs;&longs;imè tran&longs;lata e&longs;t <lb/>facultas videndi in acutiorem auditum: Au<lb/>dit enim optimè. </s>

<s id="s.007881">Sed neque oculis omninò <lb/>caret, verùm habet paruos admodum & pro<lb/>minentes, ac nigros &longs;ub pili&longs;que latentes. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007882">Omne igitur quod generatur ex animali, <lb/>perfectum e&longs;t animal, cuius membri diui&longs;io <lb/>iam explicata e&longs;t. </s>

Line 11617

Line 11509

<s id="s.007885"><margin.target id="marg1095"/>Pi&longs;ces cur ex <lb/>ouis generen<lb/>tur.</s>

<s id="s.007886"><margin.target id="marg1096"/>Pi&longs;ces cur <lb/>adeò multi<lb/>plicencur.</s>

<s id="s.007886"><margin.target id="marg1096"/>Pi&longs;ces cur <lb/>adeò multi<lb/>plicentur.</s>

<s id="s.007887"><margin.target id="marg1097"/>Demon&longs;tra<lb/>tio o&longs;tendens <lb/>nullum ani<lb/>mal imperfe<lb/>ctum animal <lb/>generare ex <lb/>&longs;e.</s>

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Line 11525

<s id="s.007893">Cancri plures habent pedes quàm qua<lb/>tuor. </s>

<s id="s.007894">Sed hic numerus animalibus &longs;atis<lb/>facit pedes verè habentibus. </s>

<s id="s.007895">Homo loco <lb/>duorum anteriorum pedum habet bracchia <lb/>manú&longs;que, vt aues alas. </s>

<s id="s.007896">Differunt & for<lb/>ma oris, & cute, quæ quibu&longs;dam & cum <lb/>pilo, aliis &longs;quama, aculcis, cortice, <lb/>pluma. </s>

<s id="s.007896">Differunt & for<lb/>ma oris, & cute, quæ quibu&longs;dam & cum <lb/>pilo, aliis &longs;quama, aculeis, cortice, <lb/>pluma. </s>

<s id="s.007897">Quædam verò varij generis &longs;unt, incer<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1099"/><lb/>tæque naturæ, vt animal, quod præ&longs;enti <lb/>anno decimanona men&longs;is Ianuarij, Papiæ <lb/>vidimus. </s>

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<s id="s.007914"><margin.target id="marg1100"/>Erinaceus.</s>

<s id="s.007915"><margin.target id="marg1101"/>Ouium vtili. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007915"><margin.target id="marg1101"/>Ouium vtili<lb/>tas, lib.

<s id="s.007916">tas, lib.

3. <lb/>Georg.</s>

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Line 11562

<s id="s.007919">Ergo nunc Britannia inclyta vellere e&longs;t. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1102"/><lb/>Nec mirum, cùm nullum animal venenatum <lb/>mittat, imò nec infe&longs;tum præter vulpem <lb/>olim & lupum: nunc verò exterminatis <lb/>etiam lupis, tutò pecus vagatur. </s>

<s id="s.007920">Rore c&oelig;<lb/>li &longs;itim &longs;edant greges, ab omni alio potu <lb/>arcentur, quòd aquæ ibi ouibus &longs;int exitia<lb/>les: quia tamen in pabulo humido vermes <lb/>multi abundant. </s>

<s id="s.007921">Cornicum adeò multitudo <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1103"/><lb/>creuit vt ob frugum damna nuper publico <lb/>con&longs;ilio illas perdentibus propo&longs;ita præmia <lb/>&longs;int: vbi enim pabulum, ibi animalia &longs;unt, <lb/>quæ eo ve&longs;cuntur, atquo immodicè, tunc <lb/>multiplicantur cùm vbique abundauerit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007921">Cornicum adeò multitudo <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1103"/><lb/>creuit vt ob frugum damna nuper publico <lb/>con&longs;ilio illas perdentibus propo&longs;ita præmia <lb/>&longs;int: vbi enim pabulum, ibi animalia &longs;unt, <lb/>quæ eo ve&longs;cuntur, atque immodicè, tunc <lb/>multiplicantur cùm vbique abundauerit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007922">Caret tamen ( vt dixi ) &longs;erpentibus, tribus <lb/>ex cau&longs;is, nam pauci po&longs;&longs;unt generari ob <lb/>frigus immen&longs;um: quia verò optimè coli<lb/>tur, qui geniti &longs;unt exterminantur. </s>

<s id="s.007923">Cùm au<lb/>tem &longs;emel illis vacua fuerit, non potuerunt <lb/>aliunde aduenire, prohibente mari cùm in<lb/>&longs;ula &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.007924"><margin.target id="marg1102"/>Britanniæ <lb/>Iaus, & mi<lb/>ra.</s>

<s id="s.007924"><margin.target id="marg1102"/>Britanniæ <lb/>laus, & mi<lb/>ra.</s>

<s id="s.007925"><margin.target id="marg1103"/>Cornicum <lb/>multitudo in <lb/>Britannia <lb/>cur &longs;it. <lb/></s>

Line 11746

Line 11636

<s id="s.007986">Africi etiam <lb/>a&longs;inis colore fermè &longs;imiles, Bactriani fer<lb/>rugineo. </s>

<s id="s.007987">Non &longs;olipedes &longs;unt propriè came<lb/>li, &longs;ed qua&longs;i bi&longs;ulci: nec exqui&longs;itè bi&longs;ulci, <lb/>&longs;ed quinum digitorum pes quandam leuem <lb/>effigiem exprimit, parte etiam ve&longs;tigij <lb/>carno&longs;us, ob id per &longs;axa iter habentibus <lb/>inutilis. </s>

<s id="s.007988">Cæterùm, quod mirum e&longs;t, cùm <lb/>cornua non habeat, &longs;olus caret anteriori<lb/>bus dentibus &longs;uperioris mandibulæ, vt <lb/>ceruus atque bos. </s>

<s id="s.007989">Rumiuat quoque illorum <lb/>more, quod nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: nam animalia non <lb/>ob id ruminant, quia cornua habeant, &longs;ed <lb/>&longs;ed quia dentibus carent anterioribus &longs;upe<lb/>rioribus, quibus etiam camelus caret. </s>

<s id="s.007989">Ruminat quoque illorum <lb/>more, quod nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: nam animalia non <lb/>ob id ruminant, quia cornua habeant, &longs;ed <lb/>&longs;ed quia dentibus carent anterioribus &longs;upe<lb/>rioribus, quibus etiam camelus caret. </s>

<s id="s.007990">Vri<lb/>nam ex auer&longs;o reddit, nam genitale retro <lb/>habet. </s>

<s id="s.007991">Equos naturali odio per&longs;equitur, & <lb/>grandis e&longs;t altitudine fermè elephanti, &longs;ed <lb/>ob colli! longitudinem: vnde aui nomen <lb/>etiam inditum &longs;truthiocameli. </s>

<s id="s.007992">Corpore ta<lb/>men toto camelus equo exilior e&longs;t, capite <lb/>paruo, oculis magnis, prominentibu&longs;que. <lb/></s>

Line 11755

Line 11645

<s id="s.007995">Hugium <lb/>maximi dicuntur vnica gibba, minimi Ra<lb/>guahil, qui centum milla pa&longs;&longs;uum in &longs;ingu<lb/>los dies peragunt, &longs;unt enim leui&longs;&longs;imi, ap<lb/>tiore&longs;que ad itinera quàm ad onera. </s>

<s id="s.007996">Cur<lb/>runt etiam celeriùs cameli equis Ni&longs;&longs;anis, <lb/>propter crurum longitudinem di&longs;tantiam<lb/>que. </s>

<s id="s.007997">Medium genus Becheti vocantur, du<lb/>plici gibba. </s>

<s id="s.007998">Sed omnium optimi Africi: hi <lb/>enim ex Bactrianis Bibunt &longs;ingulis quin<lb/>que diebus: & &longs;i <expan abbr="ãntea">anntea</expan>, læduntur: tolerant <lb/>tamen &longs;itim ad dies v&longs;que quindecim, tum <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1113"/><lb/>ex v&longs;u, tum quia animal &longs;it &longs;iccum, tum <lb/>quòd natura rectè cauerit vt animal quod <lb/>in de&longs;ertis vitam ageret, frequenti potu <lb/>minimè indigeret, vbi potus copia rarò e&longs;t. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007998">Sed omnium optimi Africi: hi <lb/>enim ex Bactrianis Bibunt &longs;ingulis quin<lb/>que diebus: & &longs;i <expan abbr="ãntea">antea</expan>, læduntur: tolerant <lb/>tamen &longs;itim ad dies v&longs;que quindecim, tum <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1113"/><lb/>ex v&longs;u, tum quia animal &longs;it &longs;iccum, tum <lb/>quòd natura rectè cauerit vt animal quod <lb/>in de&longs;ertis vitam ageret, frequenti potu <lb/>minimè indigeret, vbi potus copia rarò e&longs;t. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.007999">Similiter & inediæ patienti&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008000">Vbi <lb/>verò contigerit ip&longs;um extenuari, primùm <lb/>quidem gibba, ob onus & &longs;olem, dor&longs;oque <lb/>extenuatur, pò&longs;t ventre, quòd ea pars mol<lb/>lior &longs;it, & plurimo calore abundet: demum <lb/>cruribus ip&longs;is, tuncque iam laborat. </s>

<s id="s.008001">Caro <lb/>illius &longs;uaui&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t, lac verò &longs;uaui&longs;&longs;imum <lb/>& &longs;aluberrimum. </s>

Line 11870

Line 11760

<s id="s.008084"><margin.target id="marg1115"/>Camelus <lb/>magis omni<lb/>bus aliis <lb/>animalibus <lb/>videtur ho<lb/>minum cau<lb/>&longs;a factus.</s>

<s id="s.008085"><margin.target id="marg1116"/>Cur anima<lb/>lia nobiliora <lb/>formam ba<lb/>beant pro<lb/>priam aliis <lb/>omnibus <lb/>ab&longs;imilem.</s>

<s id="s.008085"><margin.target id="marg1116"/>Cur anima<lb/>lia nobiliora <lb/>formam ha<lb/>beant pro<lb/>priam aliis <lb/>omnibus <lb/>ab&longs;imilem.</s>

<s id="s.008086"><margin.target id="marg1117"/>Mulæ cur <lb/>&longs;teriles.</s>

Line 11900

Line 11790

<s id="s.008100">Alo<lb/>peca è cane ac vulpe, quem vidi, ma&longs;culus <lb/>erat & mutus, ne&longs;cio an tales &longs;int omnes. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008101">Hoc animal ingenio&longs;i&longs;&longs;imum videtur natu<lb/>ra homini con&longs;ultò copula&longs;&longs;e, quòd &longs;emper <lb/>natura &longs;imilia &longs;imilibus nectere nitatur, & <lb/>morum &longs;imilitudo pariat, ac retineat amici<lb/>tiam. </s>

<s id="s.008102">Grauis enim e&longs;&longs;et canis homini, ni <lb/>adeò &longs;olers natura e&longs;&longs;et: amatur ob diligen<lb/>tiam & ingenium, quibus placet. </s>

<s id="s.008103">Feroci&longs;<lb/>&longs;imi, & robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi maximique &longs;unt in <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1121"/><lb/>Cor&longs;ica in&longs;ula, tum ob aërem, humido enim <lb/>cre&longs;cunt quæ natura &longs;unt &longs;icca tum ob <lb/>exercitationem & educatiobem. </s>

<s id="s.008104">Caput ha<lb/>bent maximum, corporis comparatione, <lb/>quod etiam magum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008105">Cibus, pugna, aër, <lb/>educatio, natura illos immutant, adeò vt <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1122"/><lb/>&longs;pecie differre videantur. </s>

<s id="s.008106">Docentur odi&longs;&longs;e <lb/>genera quædam hominum, vt quondam <lb/>Rhodi Turcas, Bezerillus Indos. </s>

Line 11979

Line 11869

<s id="s.008162">Verùm quidam præferunt elephantes, âlij <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1125"/><lb/>cercopithecos canicos canibus, indu&longs;tria & <lb/>&longs;agacitate. </s>

<s id="s.008163">Elephantem vidi&longs;&longs;e &longs;e refert Ar<lb/>rianus, qui cùm in auribus bina haberet <lb/>cymbala, promu&longs;cide alternatim ea tange<lb/>bat ad rhythmum, &longs;altabatque pro rhythmi <lb/>ratione, cæteris eum imitantibus, choream<lb/>que ducentibus. </s>

<s id="s.008164">lidem tanguntur mi&longs;ericor<lb/>dia, & regem adorant, & iuramentum no<lb/>runt & exigunt, & &longs;ydera venerantur, & &longs;ui <lb/>mi&longs;eret: agno&longs;cunt &longs;e&longs;&longs;orem, & vltionem <lb/>expetunt ab his, à quibus iniu&longs;tè vexantur, <lb/>& nihil ad humanitatem dee&longs;&longs;e ei videtur, <lb/>præter &longs;ermonem, quum multi etiam ho<lb/>mines bruti & di&longs;ciplina, & moribus ip&longs;is <lb/>elephantis magis videantur. </s>

<s id="s.008164">Iidem tanguntur mi&longs;ericor<lb/>dia, & regem adorant, & iuramentum no<lb/>runt & exigunt, & &longs;ydera venerantur, & &longs;ui <lb/>mi&longs;eret: agno&longs;cunt &longs;e&longs;&longs;orem, & vltionem <lb/>expetunt ab his, à quibus iniu&longs;tè vexantur, <lb/>& nihil ad humanitatem dee&longs;&longs;e ei videtur, <lb/>præter &longs;ermonem, quum multi etiam ho<lb/>mines bruti & di&longs;ciplina, & moribus ip&longs;is <lb/>elephantis magis videantur. </s>

<s id="s.008165">Vidimus nos <lb/>elephantem reginæ Mariæ Bohemorum, fi<lb/>liæ Caroli Quinti Cæ&longs;aris, iuuenculum, an<lb/>num &longs;cilicet agentem decimum tertium: <lb/>nam florent circiter annum &longs;exage&longs;imum, <lb/>viuunt ad ducentos certè: referunt pluri<lb/>mi, ad trecentos, quod verum exi&longs;timo, <lb/>&longs;ed rarò: velut in homin ibus, quorum <lb/>et&longs;i &longs;it plerunque longi&longs;&longs;ima vita octogin<lb/>ta annorum, viuunt tamen aliqui rari&longs;<lb/>&longs;imo exemplo ad centum viginti, plures <lb/>tamen excedunt octoginta. </s>

<s id="s.008166">Is igitur adeò <lb/>docilis erat, vt &longs;e&longs;&longs;orem &longs;uum planè non <lb/>&longs;ecus, quàm homo alius intelligeret. </s>

<s id="s.008167">Im<lb/>perabat, admonebat, vno verbo opus tan<lb/>tùm erat. </s>

<s id="s.008168">Inter reliqua cùm a&longs;cendere vellet, <pb pagenum="527" xlink:href="016/01/176.jpg"/>dextrum crus flectebat: vtque &longs;en&longs;im a&longs;cen<lb/>deret, illud eleuabat: baculum quo rege<lb/>batur vbi excidi&longs;&longs;et, promu&longs;cide acceptum <lb/>porrexit &longs;e&longs;&longs;ori, quem adeò diligebat, vt <lb/>ab illo admonitus quòd ab&longs;conditurus e&longs;&longs;et <lb/>&longs;e in c&oelig;naculo maiore, cùm qui&longs;piam di<lb/>ceret, Se&longs;&longs;orem tuum quærito, ad illum re<lb/>cta iuit, <expan abbr="inuenitq;">inuenitque</expan> inuento mirum in modum <lb/>blandicbatur. </s>

<s id="s.008169">Vbi Archiepi&longs;copus Mediola<lb/>nen&longs;is ade&longs;&longs;et, monitus illum inclinatis ante<lb/>rioribus cruribus & capite &longs;alutauit. </s>

<s id="s.008170">Vbi ille <lb/>diceret, Effare aliquid, mugiuit. </s>

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<s id="s.008173">Primùm quidem illius altitudo tanta <lb/>erat, vt homo erectis manibus non attin<lb/>geret dor&longs;um, & erat ( vt dixi) iuuencu<lb/>lus. </s>

<s id="s.008174">Cra&longs;&longs;ities duorum boum. </s>

<s id="s.008175">Sed adultis <lb/>& maximis ( nam & in his velut equis <lb/>alii&longs;que animalibus non exiguum di&longs;cri<lb/>men &longs;ecundum regiones & &longs;tirpes) pro vi<lb/>gintiquinque quandoque bobus corporis <lb/>moles e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008176">Atitudo maximis v&longs;que ad de<lb/>cem cubitos, quod facilè e&longs;t etiam con<lb/>iectari ex dentium magnitudine: huic <lb/>enim cùm tantus e&longs;&longs;et, dentes cubitum <lb/>cum dimidio non excedebant, cùm ta<lb/>men viderim ego non &longs;emel, qui fermè <lb/>&longs;ex cubitos, vel incurui æquarent: qui &longs;i <lb/>recti fui&longs;&longs;ent, longiores plane fui&longs;&longs;ent &longs;ep<lb/>tem cubitis. </s>

<s id="s.008176">Altitudo maximis v&longs;que ad de<lb/>cem cubitos, quod facilè e&longs;t etiam con<lb/>iectari ex dentium magnitudine: huic <lb/>enim cùm tantus e&longs;&longs;et, dentes cubitum <lb/>cum dimidio non excedebant, cùm ta<lb/>men viderim ego non &longs;emel, qui fermè <lb/>&longs;ex cubitos, vel incurui æquarent: qui &longs;i <lb/>recti fui&longs;&longs;ent, longiores plane fui&longs;&longs;ent &longs;ep<lb/>tem cubitis. </s>

<s id="s.008177">Narrat enim Ludouicus Ver<lb/>tomanus vidi&longs;&longs;e duos, qui pondus 325. libra<lb/>rum æquabant. </s>

<s id="s.008178">Pote&longs;t vnu&longs;qui&longs;que &longs;ecum <lb/>reputare, quanta debuerit e&longs;&longs;e animalis il<lb/>lius magnitudo. </s>

<s id="s.008179">Sed ad ordinem reuertor. <lb/></s>

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<s id="s.008182">Coxæ rectæ de&longs;cendunt, nec in <lb/>anteriorem partem, vt bobus exporrigun<lb/>tur: hocque ideò contingit, quòd iuncturæ <lb/>genuum &longs;unt æquales, atque adeò æquales, <lb/>vt ni&longs;i flectere crura videas, iunctura ca<lb/>rere credas. </s>

<s id="s.008183">Inde natam exi&longs;timo opinio<lb/>nem, quòd iuncturis careant, quàm &longs;u&longs;pi<lb/>cionem auxit illius ince&longs;&longs;us: nam di&longs;tentis <lb/>cruribus, ac &longs;i iuncturis omninò careat, <lb/>ambulat. </s>

<s id="s.008184">Sunt autem illius crura anteriora <lb/>po&longs;terioribus longiora. </s>

<s id="s.008185">Porrò ince&longs;&longs;us ille <lb/>cruribus di&longs;tentis, maximi roboris argumen<lb/>tum e&longs;t, & cau&longs;a velocioris ince&longs;&longs;us: nam <lb/>difficiliùs mouetur quod à longiore &longs;pacio: <lb/>vt in ha&longs;tis, quæ di&longs;&longs;iciliùs mouentur ex <lb/>imo quàm ex medio, & æqualis angulus <lb/>tantò maius &longs;pacium intercipit, quantò cru<lb/>ris &longs;uprema pars à genu ip&longs;o longius di&longs;tite<lb/>rit. </s>

<s id="s.008185">Porrò ince&longs;&longs;us ille <lb/>cruribus di&longs;tentis, maximi roboris argumen<lb/>tum e&longs;t, & cau&longs;a velocioris ince&longs;&longs;us: nam <lb/>difficiliùs mouetur quod à longiore &longs;pacio: <lb/>vt in ha&longs;tis, quæ difficiliùs mouentur ex <lb/>imo quàm ex medio, & æqualis angulus <lb/>tantò maius &longs;pacium intercipit, quantò cru<lb/>ris &longs;uprema pars à genu ip&longs;o longius di&longs;tite<lb/>rit. </s>

<s id="s.008186">Pedes rotundi in quinque digitos diui&longs;i, <lb/>&longs;ed diui&longs;io ea ob&longs;cura e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008187">Sunt autem pla<lb/>ni & ab&longs;que munimento vllo, vnde exco<lb/>gitata ratio &longs;ecandi pedes &longs;ecuribus à Ro<lb/>manis: &longs;unt enim lati, vt orbes plum<lb/>bel, quibus ad ve&longs;cendum vtimur. </s>

<s id="s.008188">Ma&longs;<lb/>culus maximum habet membrum genitale, <lb/>quòd fermè v&longs;que ad terram attingit, licet <lb/>alij hoc negent. </s>

<s id="s.008189">F&oelig;minæ duæ mammæ tan<lb/>tùm, atque adeò paruæ, vt &longs;ub armis lati<lb/>tent. </s>

<s id="s.008190">Cauda vt &longs;uis pro ratione, &longs;ed fer<lb/>mè ab&longs;que pilis vllis, & prælonga, adeò <lb/>vt à terra imum eius ne palmo di&longs;tet. </s>

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<s id="s.008198">E &longs;u<lb/>prema parte frontis na&longs;us exporrigitur, non <lb/>vt in aliis animalibus iunctus capiti, &longs;ed <lb/>di&longs;iunctus, qui v&longs;que ad terram exporrigi<lb/>tur, vt tanta &longs;it fermè eius longitudo, quan<lb/>ta animalis altitudo: probo&longs;cidem vocant, <lb/>aliqui etiam promu&longs;cidem, plerique ma<lb/>num. </s>

<s id="s.008199">Hanc ( vt dixi ) narium loco e&longs;&longs;e ne<lb/>mo dubitat, po&longs;tquàm diui&longs;a e&longs;t, vt naris, <lb/>& ea re&longs;pirat elephas, atque odorat. </s>

<s id="s.008200">Imum <lb/>eius quale porci na&longs;us, color, rotunditas, di<lb/>ui&longs;o. </s>

<s id="s.008201">Sed &longs;ubftantia probo&longs;cidis multùm à <lb/>na&longs;i &longs;ub&longs;tantia differt: v&longs;us verò multiplex. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008201">Sed &longs;ub&longs;tantia probo&longs;cidis multùm à <lb/>na&longs;i &longs;ub&longs;tantia differt: v&longs;us verò multiplex. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008202">Nam tota neruea e&longs;t & coriacea, adeò vt <lb/>eam colligat, atque remittat quomodo li<lb/>bet: breuem enim quandoque adeò facit, vt <lb/>vix cubitum &longs;uperet, atque tunc lati&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>e&longs;t: quandoque verò ita extendit, vt angu<lb/>&longs;ta de&longs;cendat ad terram, non cra&longs;&longs;ior fermè <lb/>humano brachio: e&longs;t tamen mollioris &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tantiæ, quàm reliqua cutis. </s>

<s id="s.008203">Atque ideò <lb/>Romani præ&longs;cindere eam aggrediebantur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008204">Circumuoluit eam vndique, atque maxi<lb/>ma cum celeritate: &longs;i libet, ea haurit po<lb/>tum, cibum quoque capit, & in os mit<lb/>tit: nam promu&longs;cide non edit, &longs;ed ore: nec <lb/>ore edere, aut bibere pote&longs;t ab&longs;que promu&longs;<lb/>cide. </s>

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<s id="s.008216">Tantum verò etiam corpori ine&longs;t robo<lb/>ris, vt duo ex his iuncti nauem maximam <lb/>onu&longs;tam in terram trahant. </s>

<s id="s.008217">Olim quoque <lb/>& nunc Indi &longs;olent duabus catenis ferreis <lb/>circumligatis &longs;ub ventre duas addere cli<lb/>tellas alteram hincinde, illi&longs;que ligneum <lb/>&longs;uperimponere ca&longs;tellum, in quibus &longs;eni <lb/>homines erecti, & quandoque etiam v&longs;<lb/>que ad quatuordecim, pugnantes omni <lb/>telorum genere, &longs;tant. </s>

<s id="s.008218">Sed nunc ob tor<lb/>menta bellica euiluit id pugnæ genus, tum <lb/>maximè quòd elephantes ignem formi<lb/>dant: ideoque aduer&longs;us illos Indi faces <lb/>ferre &longs;olent, à quibus adeò terrentur, vt <lb/>longè plus mali fugiendo &longs;uis, quàm ho<lb/>&longs;tibus pugnando inferant. </s>

<s id="s.008219">F&oelig;minæ ira<lb/>cundiores &longs;unt, ac fæuiores, robu&longs;tiore&longs;<lb/>que ma&longs;culis, licet corpore minores. </s>

<s id="s.008219">F&oelig;minæ ira<lb/>cundiores &longs;unt, ac &longs;æuiores, robu&longs;tiore&longs;<lb/>que ma&longs;culis, licet corpore minores. </s>

<s id="s.008220">Et, <lb/>quòd mirum e&longs;t, cùm tam tardè ad iu<lb/>uentutem perueniant, à duodecimo tamen <lb/>anno ge&longs;tare f&oelig;tum, cùm celerrimè: à de<lb/>cimoquinto, cùm tardi&longs;&longs;imè incipiunt: fe<lb/>runt autem toto biennio. </s>

<s id="s.008221">Similiter ma&longs;culus <lb/>quinto anno Venere vti incipit, coitque ve<lb/>re, nec ni&longs;i &longs;ingulo triennio redit ad Ve<lb/>nerem: & quàm &longs;emel grauidam relique<lb/>rit, inire ampliùs non &longs;u&longs;tinet. </s>

<s id="s.008222">Catulus <lb/>ip&longs;e cùm na&longs;citur trime&longs;trem vitulum æ<lb/>quat: cumque ambulat adeò gradatim pro<lb/>greditur, vt mula edocta, aut a&longs;turco vi<lb/>deatur. </s>

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<s id="s.008282">Nam &longs;i tenuium <lb/>&longs;it partium, ab aëris circumambientis a&longs;<lb/>&longs;idua pul&longs;atione atteritur, & di&longs;&longs;ipatur. </s>

<s id="s.008283">Quòd <lb/>&longs;i cra&longs;&longs;a &longs;it &longs;ub&longs;tantia, &longs;pontè citò interit, vt <lb/>boues. </s>

<s id="s.008284">Erat & magnitudo ad &longs;ecuritatem <lb/>commoda, &longs;icut & bonitas temperamenti ad <lb/>&longs;apientiam &longs;imul & vitæ longitudinem, ac <lb/>probitatem nece&longs;&longs;aria erat. </s>

<s id="s.008285">At vt calor & <lb/>humidum abundaret, in calidis regionibus <lb/>ip&longs;um na&longs;ci oportuit, & habitare in palu<lb/>&longs;tribus locis: quò fit, vt in India &longs;olùm & <lb/>Africa inueniatur: nam hæ &longs;unt calidi&longs;&longs;imæ <lb/>regiones: Indique multò robore & mole <lb/>coporis Africos <expan abbr="antecellãt">antecellant</expan>, quia India aquis <lb/>abundet: Africa autem aridior &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.008285">At vt calor & <lb/>humidum abundaret, in calidis regionibus <lb/>ip&longs;um na&longs;ci oportuit, & habitare in palu<lb/>&longs;tribus locis: quò fit, vt in India &longs;olùm & <lb/>Africa inueniatur: nam hæ &longs;unt calidi&longs;&longs;imæ <lb/>regiones: Indique multò robore & mole <lb/>corporis Africos <expan abbr="antecellãt">antecellant</expan>, quia India aquis <lb/>abundet: Africa autem aridior &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.008286">Opor<lb/>tuit autem vt plantis, & fructibus, & herbis <lb/>ve&longs;ceretur, nam aliter probum animal e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>non potui&longs;&longs;et: animalia enim omnia quæ <lb/>carne ve&longs;cuntur, &longs;unt iracunda, fraudulenta, <lb/>crudelia & &longs;uperba. </s>

<s id="s.008287">Accedebat quòd tantæ <lb/>moli plurimus fui&longs;&longs;et nece&longs;&longs;arius cibus, vt <lb/>vel perpetuò e&longs;urire, vel animalia cuncta <lb/>de&longs;truere cogeretur. </s>

<s id="s.008288">Erat etiam nece&longs;&longs;arium, <lb/>vt in perpetuo motu ad per&longs;equendas feras <lb/>e&longs;&longs;et quòd tantæ moli fui&longs;&longs;et incommodum: <lb/>Sed herbæ tamen cùm exigui &longs;int alimen<lb/>ti, breuem vitam effeci&longs;&longs;ent, vt inquit Hip<lb/>pocrates: quamobrem oportebat eum trun<lb/>cis arborum & fructibus ve&longs;ci. </s>

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<s id="s.008307">Simul <lb/>etiam con&longs;uluit, vt diu ge&longs;taretur catulus <lb/>in vtero, tum propter vitæ longitudinem, <lb/>tum etiam ip&longs;ius vitæ longitudo cau&longs;a fuit, <lb/>vt quamvis biennio f&oelig;mina in vtero ferat, <lb/>multos tamen po&longs;&longs;it generare. </s>

<s id="s.008308">Neque enim <lb/>vllum animal quod parum in ventre ma<lb/>tris ge&longs;tetur, longæ vitæ e&longs;&longs;e pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008309">Ocu<lb/>lorum paruitas fuit, vt cum non recondi <lb/>po&longs;&longs;ent, tutioies forent ab ictibus. </s>

<s id="s.008310">Recondi <lb/>non poterant, quia à lateribus po&longs;iti non <lb/>vidi&longs;&longs;ent ea, quæ antè occurrerent: nece&longs;&longs;a<lb/>rium fuit autem e&longs;&longs;e à latcribus, ne ob ni<lb/>xum dentium & probo&longs;cidis propinquita<lb/>tem læderentur, atque ita animal ante &longs;e<lb/>nium cæcum efficeretur, tum maximè quia <lb/>longi&longs;&longs;imæ vitæ futurum erat. </s>

<s id="s.008310">Recondi <lb/>non poterant, quia à lateribus po&longs;iti non <lb/>vidi&longs;&longs;ent ea, quæ antè occurrerent: nece&longs;&longs;a<lb/>rium fuit autem e&longs;&longs;e à lateribus, ne ob ni<lb/>xum dentium & probo&longs;cidis propinquita<lb/>tem læderentur, atque ita animal ante &longs;e<lb/>nium cæcum efficeretur, tum maximè quia <lb/>longi&longs;&longs;imæ vitæ futurum erat. </s>

<s id="s.008311">Cumque ob <lb/>robur, ac dentes caput magnum e&longs;ficere <lb/>cogeretur, informe, vt ita dicam, & &longs;ine ro<lb/>tunditate efficit: quali&longs;cunque enim additio <lb/>ad ornamentum facta capiti, ip&longs;um in im<lb/>men&longs;um auxi&longs;&longs;et: ob id valde deforme ca<lb/>put habent elephantes. </s>

<s id="s.008311">Cumque ob <lb/>robur, ac dentes caput magnum efficere <lb/>cogeretur, informe, vt ita dicam, & &longs;ine ro<lb/>tunditate efficit: quali&longs;cunque enim additio <lb/>ad ornamentum facta capiti, ip&longs;um in im<lb/>men&longs;um auxi&longs;&longs;et: ob id valde deforme ca<lb/>put habent elephantes. </s>

<s id="s.008312">Diximus de illius vi<lb/>tæ longitudine ac &longs;ecuritate, quæ etiam <lb/>cum &longs;ummo robore coniuncta &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.008313">Sapien<lb/>tia verò ex temperamento procedit, vitæ <lb/>diuturnitate augetur & confirmatur. </s>

<s id="s.008314">Vnde <lb/>&longs;enes &longs;apientiores, & qui ex eis na&longs;cuntur. <lb/></s>

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<s id="s.008330">totus te&longs;tis qui<lb/>bu&longs;dam in modum clypei armatus e&longs;t à <lb/>natura. </s>

<s id="s.008331">In maris extremo iuxta nominis <pb pagenum="531" xlink:href="016/01/180.jpg"/>etiam &longs;ui &longs;ignificatum cornu gerit palmi <lb/>longitudine paulò maius, duri&longs;&longs;imum, fir<lb/>mi&longs;&longs;imum rectum atque præacutum, &longs;ed <lb/>quod ver&longs;us frontem torqueatur, quodque <lb/>pugnaturus exacuit. </s>

<s id="s.008332">Sunt & quidam ex his, <lb/>qui aliud exiguum etiam cornu habeant <lb/>in tergore. </s>

<s id="s.008333">Referunt anno &longs;alutis mille&longs;i<lb/>mo, quingente&longs;imodecimotertio, delatum <lb/>vnum ad Lu&longs;itaniæ Regem calendis Maij, <lb/>quem Rex biennio pò&longs;t &longs;pectaculi can&longs;a <lb/>Vly&longs;iponæ cùm elephanto commi&longs;it, vicit<lb/>que Rhinoceros. </s>

<s id="s.008333">Referunt anno &longs;alutis mille&longs;i<lb/>mo, quingente&longs;imodecimotertio, delatum <lb/>vnum ad Lu&longs;itaniæ Regem calendis Maij, <lb/>quem Rex biennio pò&longs;t &longs;pectaculi cau&longs;a <lb/>Vly&longs;iponæ cùm elephanto commi&longs;it, vicit<lb/>que Rhinoceros. </s>

<s id="s.008334">Adeò nihil natura voluit <lb/>omninò ab incommodis e&longs;&longs;e tutum: nam <lb/>elephantem hic &longs;olus exagitat, dicunt qui<lb/>dam & &longs;erpentem: &longs;ed &longs;ocietas elephantem <lb/>tutum ab vtroque reddit, nec periculo &longs;ub<lb/>iacet, ni&longs;i cum cau&longs;a aliqua à grege &longs;uo <lb/>di&longs;iungitur. </s>

<s id="s.008335">Rhinocerotem Pau&longs;anias vidit, <lb/>agnouit & Plinius, non tamen Ari&longs;tote<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1130"/><lb/>les. </s>

<s id="s.008336">Con&longs;tat hunc longè alium e&longs;&longs;e à Mo<lb/>nocerote, cum quo &longs;olùm nominis &longs;imi<lb/>litudine colludit. </s>

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<s id="s.008346">Timidum e&longs;t & imbecille &longs;upra quàm <lb/>credi po&longs;&longs;it, & ex quocunque minimo vul<lb/>nere moritur. </s>

<s id="s.008347">E&longs;t enim cordis frigidi&longs;&longs;imi, <lb/>ac cerebri non &longs;olùm frigidi, &longs;ed pituita re<lb/>dundantis. </s>

<s id="s.008348">Habet autem cornua peculiari <lb/>quadam forma prædita, & nulli fermè ani<lb/>mali &longs;imilia: nam cra&longs;&longs;a ab imo, vbi a&longs;cen<lb/>dunt latiora palmo &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.008349">Onagrum quidem <lb/>vocant, quòd longas habeat aures, vngu<lb/>lam etiam nonnuuquam &longs;olidam, tamet&longs;i ra<lb/>rò, veloci&longs;&longs;imum &longs;anè e&longs;t, vt quod ducenta <lb/>millia pa&longs;&longs;uum vigintiquatuor horarum <lb/>&longs;patio &longs;uperet. </s>

<s id="s.008349">Onagrum quidem <lb/>vocant, quòd longas habeat aures, vngu<lb/>lam etiam nonnunquam &longs;olidam, tamet&longs;i ra<lb/>rò, veloci&longs;&longs;imum &longs;anè e&longs;t, vt quod ducenta <lb/>millia pa&longs;&longs;uum vigintiquatuor horarum <lb/>&longs;patio &longs;uperet. </s>

<s id="s.008350">Hoc autem toto &longs;patio &longs;ine <lb/>cibo, & potu viuit, zethicum man&longs;ue&longs;cit <lb/>auidum. </s>

<s id="s.008351">Abundat apud Dacos, finitima&longs;que <lb/>regiones, vulgarique nomine Magnum vo<lb/>cant animal. Cæterùm ab alce plurimùm <lb/>differt. </s>

<s id="s.008352">Alces enim, vt Cæ&longs;ar eum de&longs;crip<lb/>&longs;it, capro &longs;imilis e&longs;t, & maculo&longs;a pelle, & <lb/>crura &longs;ine iunctura habet. </s>

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<s id="s.008354">Sed de alce inferiùs dicemus. </s>

<s id="s.008355">Animal aliud mittit Æthiopia, parte an</s>

<s id="s.008355">Animal aliud mittit Æthiopia, parte an<arrow.to.target n="marg1132"/><lb/>teriore vulpi per&longs;imile, cauda & po&longs;teriore <lb/>cercopitheco, pedibus anterioribus huma<lb/>nis, auribus ve&longs;pertilionis, quod crumenam <lb/>habet &longs;ub ventre, qua catulos vndequaque <lb/>gerit, nec dimittit, ni&longs;i dum lactare vult. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1133"/><lb/>Mittit & India occidentalis Chiurcam è mu<lb/>&longs;telino genere, quæ eodem modo filios &longs;e<lb/>cum fert. </s>

<s id="s.008356"><arrow.to.target n="marg1132"/><lb/>teriore vulpi per&longs;imile, cauda & po&longs;teriore <lb/>cercopitheco, pedibus anterioribus huma<lb/>nis, auribus ve&longs;pertilionis, quod crumenam <lb/>habet &longs;ub ventre, qua catulos vndequaque <lb/>gerit, nec dimittit, ni&longs;i dum lactare vult. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1133"/><lb/>Mittit & India occidentalis Chiurcam è mu<lb/>&longs;telino genere, quæ eodem modo filios &longs;e<lb/>cum fert. </s>

<s id="s.008357"><margin.target id="marg1132"/>Animal m<gap/><lb/>&longs;tro&longs;um. </s>

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<s id="s.008370">At de vnguibus iam dictum e&longs;t: reli<lb/>quum e&longs;t igitur, vt o&longs;tendamus, animalia <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1136"/><lb/>quæ cornibus prædita &longs;unt, alia &longs;olidis, alia <lb/>inanibus e&longs;&longs;e munita. </s>

<s id="s.008371">Quæcunque autem <lb/>inanibus cornibus armata &longs;unt, duo habent, <lb/>vt boues: quæ autem &longs;olidis, alia quidem <lb/>vno, vt Monoceros Rhinocero&longs;que: alia <lb/>duobus, vt capræ, damæque: alia pluribus, <lb/>vt cerui, & quæ ex eorum &longs;unt genere, vt <lb/>capreoli: nam hæc ramo&longs;a, cùm habeant cor<lb/>nua, plurium loco &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.008372">Hoc autem primò <lb/>demon&longs;trandum. </s>

<s id="s.008373">Nam cùm plura cornua gi<lb/>gnere natura propo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;et, &longs;i toto capite &longs;par<lb/>gerentut omnia, primum præter duo omnia <lb/>inutilia fui&longs;&longs;ent ad defen&longs;ionem: deinde non <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;ent proxima auribus, aures autem natu<lb/>ra &longs;iccæ, reliqui &longs;en&longs;us à cornuum materia <lb/>impedimentum recepi&longs;&longs;ent: ob id nullum <lb/>animal plura cornua toto capite &longs;par&longs;a ha<lb/>bet, præter verneces quo&longs;dam, de qui<lb/>bus iam diximus. </s>

<s id="s.008373">Nam cùm plura cornua gi<lb/>gnere natura propo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;et, &longs;i toto capite &longs;par<lb/>gerentur omnia, primum præter duo omnia <lb/>inutilia fui&longs;&longs;ent ad defen&longs;ionem: deinde non <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;ent proxima auribus, aures autem natu<lb/>ra &longs;iccæ, reliqui &longs;en&longs;us à cornuum materia <lb/>impedimentum recepi&longs;&longs;ent: ob id nullum <lb/>animal plura cornua toto capite &longs;par&longs;a ha<lb/>bet, præter verneces quo&longs;dam, de qui<lb/>bus iam diximus. </s>

<s id="s.008374">Referunt tamen ran<lb/>giferos tria habere cornua, cera&longs;tas au<lb/>tem cornua &longs;eptem, Plinius dicit quadrige<lb/>mina: cochleis certè quatuor &longs;unt, &longs;ed duo <lb/>prælonga, duo breuia, & quæ omnia <lb/>contrahantur. </s>

<s id="s.008375">Sunt & plura duobus in&longs;e<lb/>ctorum quibu&longs;dam generibus: &longs;ed co<lb/>chleis ad prætentandum, cera&longs;tæ ad deci-<pb pagenum="532" xlink:href="016/01/181.jpg"/>piendum, data fuêre: dum enim in arena <lb/>reliquum corpus latitat, cornna vt ce&longs;pitum <lb/>germinaprominent, icaque non ad defen&longs;io<lb/>nem & pugnam, &longs;ed ( vt dixi ) ad fallen<lb/>dum. </s>

<s id="s.008375">Sunt & plura duobus in&longs;e<lb/>ctorum quibu&longs;dam generibus: &longs;ed co<lb/>chleis ad prætentandum, cera&longs;tæ ad deci-<pb pagenum="532" xlink:href="016/01/181.jpg"/>piendum, data fuêre: dum enim in arena <lb/>reliquum corpus latitat, cornua vt ce&longs;pitum <lb/>germina prominent, itaque non ad defen&longs;io<lb/>nem & pugnam, &longs;ed ( vt dixi ) ad fallen<lb/>dum. </s>

<s id="s.008376">Eadem ratio in his quæ in&longs;ecta di<lb/>cuntur cornuum fuit, aut alia omnia præ<lb/>tetquàm pugnæ, ni&longs;i quibu&longs;dam &longs;carabeo<lb/>rum generibus: certum e&longs;t & illis, & aliis, <lb/>&longs;i qua &longs;unt, quæ cornibus pugnent, nam <lb/>&longs;carabei mobilia habent, ea quæ pro ar<lb/>mis illis &longs;unt, tantùm duo e&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.008376">Eadem ratio in his quæ in&longs;ecta di<lb/>cuntur cornuum fuit, aut alia omnia præ<lb/>terquàm pugnæ, ni&longs;i quibu&longs;dam &longs;carabeo<lb/>rum generibus: certum e&longs;t & illis, & aliis, <lb/>&longs;i qua &longs;unt, quæ cornibus pugnent, nam <lb/>&longs;carabei mobilia habent, ea quæ pro ar<lb/>mis illis &longs;unt, tantùm duo e&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.008377">Referunt <lb/>etiam quædam e&longs;&longs;e animalia pluribus prædi<lb/>ta generibus cornuum atque diuer&longs;is, quæ <lb/>etiam à diuer&longs;is animalium generibus pro<lb/>creata e&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timandum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008378">Sed vt ad prio<lb/>rem diui&longs;ionem reuertar, cornua ceruis ra<lb/>mo&longs;a &longs;unt, & tarandis in eodem genere <lb/>Scythicis. </s>

<s id="s.008379">Capreoli ramo&longs;a habent etiam, <lb/>& ( vt dixi ) hæc multorum cornuum loco <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1137"/><lb/>&longs;unt. </s>

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<s id="s.008400"><margin.target id="marg1137"/>Animalia <lb/>omnia <expan abbr="hab&etilde;-tia">haben<lb/>tia</expan> cornua, <lb/>ramo&longs;a, dura <lb/>ac &longs;olida ha<lb/>bent, & &longs;unt <lb/>&longs;tulta ac ti<lb/>mida.</s>

<s id="s.008401">Quæcunque verò duobus tantùm corni<lb/>bus, atque his &longs;olidis armantur, & ip&longs;a ftul<lb/>ta &longs;unt, & timida, & cornua habent dura <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1138"/><lb/>&longs;iccaque. </s>

<s id="s.008401">Quæcunque verò duobus tantùm corni<lb/>bus, atque his &longs;olidis armantur, & ip&longs;a &longs;tul<lb/>ta &longs;unt, & timida, & cornua habent dura <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1138"/><lb/>&longs;iccaque. </s>

<s id="s.008402">Sed non adeò timida, neque adeò <lb/>&longs;tulta pernicia &longs;unt & hæc, ob cau&longs;as di<lb/>ctas. </s>

<s id="s.008403">Sunt autem in hoc genere multa, ca<lb/>præ, damæ, capricorni, &longs;eu ibices colore <lb/>cinereo, in iugis montium viuentes, qui <lb/>ni&longs;i locis frigidi&longs;&longs;imis viuant, obcæcantur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008404">Horum cornua quandoque octodecim ha<lb/>bent internodia, &longs;ingulis ( vt creditur ) no<lb/>dis annum de&longs;inantibus. </s>

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<s id="s.008421">Sed vbi in vnum coeunt cerebri <lb/>partes, vnum præ&longs;titit e&longs;&longs;e cornu, non duo, <lb/>ob robur. </s>

<s id="s.008422">Omnia igitur animalia vno tan<lb/>tùm cornu prædita, illud durum habent, <lb/>&longs;olidum atque magnum. </s>

<s id="s.008423">Commune autem <lb/>videtur animalibus plura, quàm duo cor<lb/>nua habentibus, vt f&oelig;mina cornibus ca<lb/>reat. </s>

<s id="s.008424">Quamomobrem creditum e&longs;t à Plinio, <lb/>dentium materiam in cornua non tran&longs;ire, <lb/>cùm f&oelig;mellæ etiam dentibus &longs;uperioris <lb/>mandibulæ anterioribus carentes cornua <lb/>non habeant. </s>

<s id="s.008424">Quamobrem creditum e&longs;t à Plinio, <lb/>dentium materiam in cornua non tran&longs;ire, <lb/>cùm f&oelig;mellæ etiam dentibus &longs;uperioris <lb/>mandibulæ anterioribus carentes cornua <lb/>non habeant. </s>

<s id="s.008425">Ratio e&longs;t duplex, à fine &longs;ci<lb/>licet & efficiente, cau&longs;a deducta. </s>

<s id="s.008426">Cùm <lb/>enim matres f&oelig;tus in aluo gerunt, leuitate <lb/>& agilitate opus habent, vnde cornua præ<lb/>grandia, & ramo&longs;a illis e&longs;&longs;ent impedimen<lb/>to. </s>

<s id="s.008427">E&longs;t etiam genus illorum animalium ti<lb/>midum, vt f&oelig;minæ &longs;int timidi&longs;&longs;imæ, qua<lb/>mobrem illis cornua nulli e&longs;&longs;ent v&longs;ui. </s>

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<s id="s.008467">Vri dicuntur. </s>

<s id="s.008468">Hi &longs;unt tauri <lb/>Germaniæ robu&longs;ti, quibus &longs;ub mento ve<lb/>lut hircis barba iacent. </s>

<s id="s.008469">Habent enim re<lb/>giones quædam propria, vt Sardinia Mu<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1149"/><lb/>flum &longs;imillimum ceruo, imò ceruum, &longs;ed <lb/>arietis cornibus, quem iure &longs;ubulonem <lb/>etiam dicere po&longs;&longs;umus. </s>

<s id="s.008470">Sed &longs;i differunt &longs;u<lb/>bulo mufloque, hac tatione differunt, quòd <lb/>&longs;ubuloni longiora &longs;unt cornua, & &longs;oli<lb/>da, vt capræ: Mufloni autem breuio<lb/>ra, contorta, & ab initio inania, vt arieti. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008470">Sed &longs;i differunt &longs;u<lb/>bulo mufloque, hac ratione differunt, quòd <lb/>&longs;ubuloni longiora &longs;unt cornua, & &longs;oli<lb/>da, vt capræ: Mufloni autem breuio<lb/>ra, contorta, & ab initio inania, vt arieti. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008471">Mi&longs;centur enim &longs;pecies miris modis: vel <pb pagenum="534" xlink:href="016/01/183.jpg"/>coitu, vt de animali illo admirabili iam <lb/>dictum e&longs;t: vel regione: nam ( vt dixi) <lb/>tauris Germanicis longa barba prominet, <lb/>maiu&longs;que e&longs;t corpus, Pæoniis hir&longs;utum, Li<lb/>bycis quos Lant vocant lingua materna <lb/>&longs;ua, corpus candidum, vngues nigri, &longs;eu <lb/>potius vngulæ corio impenetrabili, atque <lb/>ob id, & ob pulchritudinem precio&longs;o. </s>

<s id="s.008472">E&longs;t <lb/>autem hoc animal velox ob con&longs;uetudi<lb/>nem, pabulumque. </s>

<s id="s.008473">Variantur etiam regio<lb/>nibus &longs;erpentum colores. </s>

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<s id="s.008500">Na&longs;citur & Leo ei&longs;dem in locis, &longs;ermè <lb/>animalium quadrupedum audaci&longs;&longs;imum, cu<lb/>ius o&longs;&longs;a ignem colli&longs;a creduntur excutere: <lb/>&longs;unt enim duri&longs;&longs;ima & &longs;olida, ac qua&longs;i ab&longs;<lb/>que medulla, longo corpore, colore fuluo, <lb/>acri intuitu, longa cauda quam quatit per<lb/>&longs;æpe, pilus nonrectus anterius, &longs;ed mollis, ac <lb/>flexus: corio pror&longs;us impenetrabili: breuior <lb/>parte po&longs;trema, capite magno, rictu oris am<lb/>plo: tanto ceruicis ac dentium robore, vt <lb/>camelum ore arreptum ferat: tanta fortitu<lb/>dine, imò audacia potiùs, vt &longs;olus ducentos <lb/>aggrediatur equites: vnguibus maximis, ac <lb/>duri&longs;&longs;imis armatus, rugitus a&longs;per. </s>

<s id="s.008500">Na&longs;citur & Leo ei&longs;dem in locis, fermè <lb/>animalium quadrupedum audaci&longs;&longs;imum, cu<lb/>ius o&longs;&longs;a ignem colli&longs;a creduntur excutere: <lb/>&longs;unt enim duri&longs;&longs;ima & &longs;olida, ac qua&longs;i ab&longs;<lb/>que medulla, longo corpore, colore fuluo, <lb/>acri intuitu, longa cauda quam quatit per<lb/>&longs;æpe, pilus non rectus anterius, &longs;ed mollis, ac <lb/>flexus: corio pror&longs;us impenetrabili: breuior <lb/>parte po&longs;trema, capite magno, rictu oris am<lb/>plo: tanto ceruicis ac dentium robore, vt <lb/>camelum ore arreptum ferat: tanta fortitu<lb/>dine, imò audacia potiùs, vt &longs;olus ducentos <lb/>aggrediatur equites: vnguibus maximis, ac <lb/>duri&longs;&longs;imis armatus, rugitus a&longs;per. </s>

<s id="s.008501">Iracun<lb/>dum genuit, quia forti&longs;&longs;imum: atque ob <lb/>naturam tam calidam, alternis diebus la<lb/>borat morbo, quibus iacet pro&longs;tratus & <lb/>rugit, non totis diebus, &longs;ed &longs;tatutis horis: nec <lb/>omnes for&longs;an, &longs;ed qui captiui detinentur. </s>

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<s id="s.008512">Pelles colli diu<lb/>turniores plerunque, vt in vulpem <expan abbr="viuerrã">viuerram</expan>, <lb/>&longs;ardirolo: nam partem eam cute &longs;olidiore, ob <lb/>periculum natura muniuit, inde factum e&longs;t, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1156"/><lb/>vt pili diutius contineantur. </s>

<s id="s.008513">Negauerat A<lb/>ri&longs;toteles, animalibus iucundos ine&longs;&longs;e odo<lb/>res, adeoque con&longs;tanter, vt pantheram <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1157"/><lb/>benè olere tantùm quibu&longs;dam animalibus <lb/>affitmet, non autem verè, neque ab hoc <lb/>di&longs;&longs;entit Theophra&longs;tus. </s>

<s id="s.008514">Sed &longs;tercus anima<lb/>lium: quoniam multum & humidum erat <lb/>impedire odoris &longs;uauitatem pote&longs;t, in plan<lb/>tis nominata cùm &longs;it modicum, & &longs;iccum, <lb/>atque concoctum. </s>

<s id="s.008515">Quamobrem animali<lb/>bus, quibus &longs;tercus benè olet, modicum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oporte, & &longs;iccum, vt lacertis magnis, de <lb/>quibus &longs;uprà diximus, quos etiam croco<lb/>dilos vocauimus, & anguibus. </s>

<s id="s.008515">Quamobrem animali<lb/>bus, quibus &longs;tercus benè olet, modicum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet, & &longs;iccum, vt lacertis magnis, de <lb/>quibus &longs;uprà diximus, quos etiam croco<lb/>dilos vocauimus, & anguibus. </s>

<s id="s.008516">Igitur vt na<lb/>tura nihil intactum relinquet, &longs;tuduit dili<lb/>genter, vt odoratum animal efficeret, neque <lb/>vnum, &longs;ed diuer&longs;a ratione. </s>

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<s id="s.008601">Oderunt homines pa&longs;&longs;e<lb/>res ob &longs;olitudinem, creditúmque in domi<lb/>bus cauea retendam, licet dulciter admo<lb/>dum canat, exitium portendere. </s>

<s id="s.008602">Oderunt <lb/>& coruos ea ratione, qua vultures quòd hæ <lb/>aues ve&longs;cantur cadaueribus etiam humanis <lb/>Tria auium genera infau&longs;ta habentur, &longs;o<lb/>litaria, nocturna, & quæ cadaueribus in<lb/>hiant. </s>

<s id="s.008603">Loqui docentur tenebris ac lucerna, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1168"/><lb/>fame ac vino: eliguntúrque iuuenculæ, & <lb/>lingua latiore, & ex p&longs;ittacis, qui quinos <lb/>habent in pedibus digitos: aptiores enim <lb/>hi ad &longs;ermonem. </s>

<s id="s.008604">Porrò fames, præcipuum <lb/>e&longs;t nece&longs;&longs;itatis di&longs;cendi vinculum, vt Pes&longs;ius <lb/>dixit: <lb/><emph type="quote"/><emph type="italics"/>Quis expediuit p&longs;ittaco &longs;uum<emph.end type="italics"/> <foreign lang="greek">xa_ire</foreign>, <lb/><emph type="italics"/>Picá&longs;que docuit no&longs;tra verba conari <lb/>Magi&longs;ter artis, ingenii&longs;que largitor <lb/>Venter, negatas arti&longs;ex edi voces.<emph.end type="italics"/><emph.end type="quote"/></s>

<s id="s.008604">Porrò fames, præcipuum <lb/>e&longs;t nece&longs;&longs;itatis di&longs;cendi vinculum, vt Per&longs;ius <lb/>dixit: <lb/><emph type="quote"/><emph type="italics"/>Quis expediuit p&longs;ittaco &longs;uum<emph.end type="italics"/> <foreign lang="greek">xa_ire</foreign>, <lb/><emph type="italics"/>Picá&longs;que docuit no&longs;tra verba conari <lb/>Magi&longs;ter artis, ingenii&longs;que largitor <lb/>Venter, negatas artifex edi voces.<emph.end type="italics"/><emph.end type="quote"/></s>

<s id="s.008605"><margin.target id="marg1165"/>Cur plures <lb/>aues noctur<lb/>næ, quàm <lb/>animalia.</s>

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<s id="s.008624">Sed vt ad feles reuertar, varia &longs;unt illius <lb/>genera, aut quia &longs;imilitudine omnia fer<lb/>mè animalia &longs;æua & &longs;imilia &longs;unt, panthe<lb/>ræ, lyncei, pardi, tigrides. </s>

<s id="s.008625">Commune <lb/>enim e&longs;t vnguium magnitudo, & robur, <lb/>pellis di&longs;tincta, ver&longs;icolor ac pulchra, caput <lb/>rotundum: facies breuis, cauda prolixa, <lb/>agilitas corporis, feracitas, & cibus, qui <lb/>venatione acquiritur. </s>

<s id="s.008626">Commune e&longs;t omni <lb/>animanti, vt ve&longs;catur his, è quibus genera<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1171"/><lb/>tur. </s>

<s id="s.008627">Quum enim ab initio imbecillum &longs;ir, <lb/>vnde illi victus alibi, quàm vbi natum e&longs;t. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008627">Quum enim ab initio imbecillum &longs;it, <lb/>vnde illi victus alibi, quàm vbi natum e&longs;t. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008628">Sed in his, quæ ex putrida materia gignun<lb/>tur, manet con&longs;uetudo fermè &longs;emper, quum <lb/>ad robur minimè proueniant: &longs;ic mu&longs;cilio<lb/>nes vino, & vermes c&oelig;no, & erucæ ac reli<lb/>qua foliis ii&longs;dem, quibus genitæ &longs;unt: aues ve<lb/>rò & quadrupedes ro&longs;tro duriore, vel iam na<lb/>tis dentibus aliud cibi genus &longs;olidius quæ<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1172"/><lb/>runt. </s>

<s id="s.008629">Quum verò animal aliquod abundat, <lb/>plerunque aliud natura gignit, quod illo pa&longs;<lb/>catur, duplici commodo, ne multitudo prio<lb/>rum damnum ingens afferat loco, & aliis <lb/>etiam, quæ ex his ve&longs;cuntur pabuli commo<lb/>dum accedat. </s>

<s id="s.008630">Sic quum formicæ nimiùm <lb/>abundent quibu&longs;dam in occidentalis Indiæ <lb/>partibus genitum e&longs;t animal, quod vocant <lb/>vr&longs;um formicarium, quòd lingua ea rapiat, <lb/>depa&longs;catúrque: atque &longs;ic regionis iacturæ <lb/>proui&longs;um e&longs;t, quum ad nullum alium v&longs;um <lb/>hoc animal paratum videatur: neque enim <lb/>ferum e&longs;t nec mordax, dictúmque potiùs <lb/>vr&longs;us à &longs;imilitudine corporis, quàm à ro<lb/>bore vel feritate: hoc linguæ humore di&longs;cu<lb/>tit ac di&longs;iicit &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imas formicarum do<lb/>mos, inde etiam his di&longs;iectis linguæ hæ<lb/>rentes ad &longs;e trahit ac deuorat. </s>

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<s id="s.008634">Vr&longs;us formi<lb/>carius.</s>

<s id="s.008635"><margin.target id="marg1173"/>Pi&longs;ces in ca<lb/>lidis ac &longs;ul<lb/>pbureis <lb/>aquis.</s>

<s id="s.008635"><margin.target id="marg1173"/>Pi&longs;ces in ca<lb/>lidis ac &longs;ul<lb/>phureis <lb/>aquis.</s>

<s id="s.008636">Sed ad pi&longs;ces iam veniamus: qui non<lb/>nunquam in aquis &longs;ulphureis calidis inue<lb/>niuntur, vt apud Budam Pannoniæ vrbem: <lb/>nonnunquam verò in alumino&longs;is, vt apud <lb/>Iulium carnicum. </s>

<s id="s.008637">Immen&longs;a &longs;unt animan<lb/>tium in aquis, præ&longs;ertim mari, ac magis in <lb/>Oceano, præcipuè &longs;ub torrida zona quoniam <lb/>ibi calor, & humor ad incrementum faciunt, <lb/>&longs;al&longs;edo ad con&longs;eruationem. </s>

<s id="s.008638">Va&longs;titas qua</s>

<s id="s.008638">Va&longs;titas qua<arrow.to.target n="marg1174"/><lb/>rundam, vt Cete incredibilis, rugiunt o&longs;<lb/>culis cubitalibus iuxta nares po&longs;itis tantum <lb/>aquæ effundunt, vt naues etiam prægran<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1175"/><lb/>des obruant. </s>

<s id="s.008639"><arrow.to.target n="marg1174"/><lb/>rundam, vt Cete incredibilis, rugiunt o&longs;<lb/>culis cubitalibus iuxta nares po&longs;itis tantum <lb/>aquæ effundunt, vt naues etiam prægran<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1175"/><lb/>des obruant. </s>

<s id="s.008640">Ex earum pinnis virgæ &longs;unt <lb/>pulcherrimæ, quæ o&longs;&longs;eæ &longs;eu corneæ viden<lb/>tur: &longs;unt enim nigræ, &longs;imiles cornibus bu<lb/>balorum, & adeò flexiles, vt nunquam rum<lb/>pantur: nitent præcipuè in &longs;ole, &longs;ic vt au<lb/>reæ videantur. </s>

<s id="s.008641">Singula fila virgam vnam ha<lb/>bent, atque ob id in vna pinna plurim&etail;: virgis <lb/>enim pinnæ con&longs;tare videntur. </s>

<s id="s.008642">Os verò ca<lb/>pitis adeò patens, vt ex eo nauiculam effi<lb/>cere queas. </s>

Line 12614

Line 12498

<s id="s.008648">E&longs;t ziphus tantæ magnitudinis in <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1178"/><lb/>Getico mari, vt phocam deuoret. </s>

<s id="s.008649">E&longs;t autem <lb/>phoca marinus vitulus, inferiùs ob egre<lb/>giam formam de&longs;cribendus. </s>

<s id="s.008650">E&longs;t & in eodem <lb/>mari Orcadis genus quoddam gibbero, & <lb/>agilitate in&longs;igne &longs;pringual vocatum, ob ma<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1179"/><lb/>gnitudinem autem immen&longs;am è genere or<lb/>cadum e&longs;&longs;e creditur: pi&longs;ces enim maximos <lb/>& incredibilis va&longs;titatis orcades vocant, &longs;i<lb/>mili nomine in&longs;ularum, quæ Britanniæ in <lb/>Oceano adiacent. </s>

<s id="s.008651">Iuimicæ &longs;unt hæ balenis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008651">Inimicæ &longs;unt hæ balenis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008652">Pri&longs;tis quoque & phy&longs;eter & arbor, & rota <lb/>omnia è cetaceo genete: <foreign lang="greek">mou_tos</foreign> enim Græcè <lb/>dum cete &longs;ignificat, &longs;ignificat & immen<lb/>&longs;um atque ingens, & va&longs;tum: vnde <foreign lang="greek">mouto/<gap/>s</foreign>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008652">Pri&longs;tis quoque & phy&longs;eter & arbor, & rota <lb/>omnia è cetaceo genere: <foreign lang="greek">mou_tos</foreign> enim Græcè <lb/>dum cete &longs;ignificat, &longs;ignificat & immen<lb/>&longs;um atque ingens, & va&longs;tum: vnde <foreign lang="greek">mouto/<gap/>s</foreign>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008653">Sunt autem diuer&longs;æ huius generis formæ, vt <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1180"/><lb/>barbati pi&longs;cis, cui cornua bina &longs;unt, po<lb/>&longs;terior pars angu&longs;tior ac breuior, caput qua<lb/>dratum, oculi ambitus 16. aut 20. pedum. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008654">Rhinoceros quoque fa&longs;tigiatum dor&longs;um ha<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1181"/><lb/>bet, & narem occultam, & in cornu de&longs;i<lb/>nentem: pedes habet duodecim, & can<lb/>cros deuorat. </s>

<s id="s.008655">Sed & vacca pi&longs;cis cornuta e&longs;t, <lb/>aliú&longs;que corpore o&longs;&longs;eo toto, tum alij plures. <lb/></s>

Line 12638

Line 12522

<s id="s.008672">Ob id quæ<lb/>libet forma pi&longs;cis con&longs;eruari facilè pote&longs;t, <lb/>non ita in aëre. </s>

<s id="s.008673">Mouentur etiam pi&longs;ces in <lb/>mari ab&longs;que labore, terre&longs;tria animalia non: <lb/>vnde terre&longs;tria animalia, vel e&longs;urire cogun<lb/>tur, vel labore nimio confici nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008674">Ne<lb/>que mare gela&longs;cit, aut feruet, vt terra, & <lb/>aquæ fluuiorum, ni&longs;i extrema parte, qua ab <lb/>aëre tangitur. </s>

<s id="s.008675">His tot commodis, tum ini<lb/>&longs;tione diuer&longs;arum &longs;pecierum, plurima mon<lb/>&longs;tra in mari generantur, adeò vt aliquando <lb/>propter æ&longs;tum exundante mari copio&longs;ius, <lb/>ad trecenta genera animalium mon&longs;trifi<lb/>corum in littore Oceani occidentalis relicta <lb/>&longs;int. </s>

<s id="s.008675">His tot commodis, tum mi<lb/>&longs;tione diuer&longs;arum &longs;pecierum, plurima mon<lb/>&longs;tra in mari generantur, adeò vt aliquando <lb/>propter æ&longs;tum exundante mari copio&longs;ius, <lb/>ad trecenta genera animalium mon&longs;trifi<lb/>corum in littore Oceani occidentalis relicta <lb/>&longs;int. </s>

<s id="s.008676">Ratio quoque, qua mon&longs;tra, mon<lb/>&longs;tro&longs;ique partus, & octime&longs;tres in Ægypto <lb/>viuant eadem e&longs;t cur, quæ in mari debilis <lb/>&longs;int vitæ, tamen &longs;uper&longs;int. </s>

<s id="s.008677">Qui verò pi&longs;ces <lb/>non viuunt, aliis pi&longs;cibus faciliùs mi&longs;cen<lb/>tur, quàm animalia terre&longs;tria, quæ herbis <lb/>pa&longs;cuntur, quia commodiùs iunguntur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008678">Qui verò carnes, & pi&longs;ces deuorant, diffi<lb/>ciliùs carniuoris feris, quoniam minùs ha<lb/>bent &longs;en&longs;us, & minùs ob id amant: amor <lb/>enim cum &longs;en&longs;u fit: ob pi&longs;ces non mi&longs;eren<lb/>tur, vt leones, neque vllis parcunt, qui <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1185"/><lb/>prædæ loco &longs;int. </s>

<s id="s.008679">Referunt tamen raiam pi&longs;<lb/>cem homini &longs;ub aquis periclitanti auxiliari, <lb/>ne vel &longs;ubmergatur, vel à belluis maris di&longs;<lb/>cerpatur. </s>

<s id="s.008680">Sed raia primùm &longs;i hoc agit, pe<lb/>culiari quadam proprietate facit: nam & &longs;o<lb/>la inter pi&longs;ces marinos, quod &longs;ciamus, alteri <lb/>generi mi&longs;cetur, &longs;quatinæ &longs;cilicet. </s>

<s id="s.008681">Deinde <lb/>raia, viua animalia non per&longs;equitut, nec for<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1186"/><lb/>&longs;an carnes edit. </s>

<s id="s.008681">Deinde <lb/>raia, viua animalia non per&longs;equitur, nec for<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1186"/><lb/>&longs;an carnes edit. </s>

<s id="s.008682">Cur verò &longs;ola raia, & &longs;qua<lb/>tina &longs;imul diuer&longs;o genere mi&longs;ceantur, cau&longs;a <lb/>e&longs;t, quòd pleraque alia animalia in maris <lb/>profundo lateant. </s>

<s id="s.008683">Carniuoræ etiam prædæ <lb/>non Veneri &longs;tudent. </s>

<s id="s.008684">Pleraque ob timorem <lb/>non fidunt ex mitibus: talia etiam gregatim <lb/>plerunque incedunt, vt non de&longs;it &longs;ocius è ge<lb/>nere &longs;uo, præ&longs;ertim tempore, quo ad Vene<lb/>rem procliuia &longs;unt. </s>

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Line 12592

<s id="s.008718"><margin.target id="marg1185"/>Raia homini <lb/>amica.</s>

<s id="s.008719"><margin.target id="marg1186"/>Cur &longs;ola <lb/>raia alterius <lb/>generis pi. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008719"><margin.target id="marg1186"/>Cur &longs;ola <lb/>raia alterius <lb/>generis pi<lb/>&longs;cibus mi<lb/>&longs;ceatur.</s>

<s id="s.008720">&longs;cibus mi<lb/>&longs;ceatur.</s>

<s id="s.008721"><margin.target id="marg1187"/>Pi&longs;ces mari<lb/>ni cur adeò <lb/>magni.</s>

Line 12751

Line 12634

<s id="s.008737">Et quam<lb/>vis incerto auctore res tam mira paruam <lb/>habitura &longs;it fidem, nihilominùs tamen hoc <lb/>minùs mirum, quàm quòd de torpedine, <lb/>& remora dictum e&longs;t &longs;uperiùs: animæ <lb/>enim viribus variis præditæ &longs;unt, & ma<lb/>re ( vt dictum e&longs;t ) totum vitale ac mon&longs;tris <lb/>&longs;catens: minimúmque in animalibus, quæ <lb/>in eo gignuntur natura laborauit vt &longs;apien<lb/>tiam, aut &longs;en&longs;um egregium con&longs;equeren<lb/>tur, ob loci in quo &longs;unt qualitatem. </s>

<s id="s.008738">Adeò <lb/>verò hebetes &longs;unt &longs;en&longs;u pi&longs;ces, vt multas <lb/>eorum &longs;pecies ne&longs;cias, an inter animalia, <lb/>an plantas numeres, vt &longs;pongias atque vr<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1194"/><lb/>ticas: affixæ enim lapidibus nullum animalis <lb/>ve&longs;tigium præ &longs;e ferunt, quàm quòd tra<lb/>ctæ contrahunt &longs;e&longs;e, manife&longs;téque mouen<lb/>tur. </s>

<s id="s.008739">Nec in arborum partibus hoc for&longs;an <lb/>negandum e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;e, vt in palmarum trun<lb/>cis ob&longs;curè, in foliis autem arboris cuiu&longs;<lb/>dam, cuius folia &longs;imilia mori foliis, præter<lb/>quam quòd duos habeant pedes, manife&longs;tè <lb/>ac con&longs;picuè cerni affirmant: hanc enim <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1195"/><lb/>arborem in Limbulon in&longs;ula iuxta Molu<lb/>chias octo partibus ab æquinoctij circulo di<lb/>&longs;tantem, natam in nemoribus folia habere <lb/>dicunt, quæ excu&longs;&longs;a ab arbore v&longs;que ad <lb/>dies octo &longs;i vexentur, ambulent, fitque ar<lb/>bos hæc &longs;en&longs;itiua atque animalis, vt vrticæ, <lb/>pulmoné&longs;que marini ac &longs;pongiæ animalia <lb/>arborea: tamet&longs;i pulmones haud in planta<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1196"/><lb/>rum genere &longs;unt collocandi. </s>

<s id="s.008740">Cùm enim mo<lb/>tus &longs;en&longs;u & in illis con&longs;tet, nihil prohibet <lb/>in calida regione, & pingui &longs;olo partes plan<lb/>tarum: quæ auelli &longs;olent, motum habere: hu<lb/>midum enim quo nutriuntur, pingue, & te<lb/>nue, quale animallbus his e&longs;&longs;e pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008741">Sed cur <lb/>non alia animalia immobilia præter quàm <lb/>in mari, in eo autem tot genera, tantáque <lb/>copia, vt præter vrticas, & &longs;pongias con<lb/>chyliorum tanta multitudo, totque illorum <lb/>diuer&longs;a genera, velut & o&longs;trearum? </s>

<s id="s.008742">Quo<lb/>niam nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t alimento ve&longs;ci animal, ob <lb/>idque vel animali, vel alimento motum in<lb/>e&longs;&longs;e: in aqua autem motus, in alimento igi<lb/>tur atque in eo, quod alimentum defert. </s>

<s id="s.008743">Ob <lb/>id etiam animalia fructibus innata, quando<lb/>que manife&longs;tè motu, progrediendi loquor, <lb/>carent. </s>

Line 12816

Line 12699

<s id="s.008778">Nec nauium tabulis infe&longs;ta glacies, &longs;i <lb/>eo inungantur. </s>

<s id="s.008779">Commune etiam e&longs;t hoc <lb/>cetaceorum omni generi. </s>

<s id="s.008780">Refert Olaus <lb/>Magnus coria eo inuncta, à muribus non <lb/>arrodi: atque ob id equorum ornamenta, <lb/>eo inungi &longs;olere: in cau&longs;a odorem e&longs;&longs;e ne<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008781">Halicibus infe&longs;ti præcipuè &longs;unt, <lb/>quorum maximam multitedinem deuorant. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008781">Halicibus infe&longs;ti præcipuè &longs;unt, <lb/>quorum maximam multitudinem deuorant. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.008782">Diuturnæ vitæ e&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timandum e&longs;t, quod <lb/>magnum &longs;it, &longs;anguineum ac &longs;piret. </s>

<s id="s.008783">Senio<lb/>ribus honorem deferre videntur, illis enim <lb/>in mare de&longs;cendentibus &longs;equuntur iuniores: <lb/>nam &longs;eor&longs;um in littore iuuenes ac &longs;enes <lb/>degere &longs;olent. </s>

<s id="s.008784">Captum aut percu&longs;&longs;um vnum <lb/>è &longs;ociis, cæteri tanquam auxilium laturi <lb/>&longs;equuntur, &longs;uum more, quibus etiam vo<lb/>ce a&longs;&longs;imilantur, Ob id ergo dolis pi&longs;cato<lb/>rum obnoxij &longs;unt. </s>

Line 12858

Line 12741

<s id="s.008810">at hoc <lb/>&longs;ibi per&longs;uadent, qui timent: propterea ty<lb/>ranni etiam &longs;i beneficio multos afficiant, à <lb/>nullis tamen ob timorem a&longs;&longs;iduum arman<lb/>tur. </s>

<s id="s.008811">Sic Neroni contigit, nec tamen exi&longs;ti<lb/>mes non in multos Neronem fui&longs;&longs;e bene<lb/>ficium. </s>

<s id="s.008812">Itaque pi&longs;ces ob ingenij ruditatem, <lb/>& incommodam tractationem vix man&longs;ue&longs;<lb/>cunt, & parùm: accedit <emph type="italics"/>(<emph.end type="italics"/> vt dixi ) etiam <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1208"/><lb/>plerunque timor. </s>

<s id="s.008813">Cùm igitur delphinus in<lb/>genio valeat, &longs;icque audaci&longs;&longs;imus, & &longs;piret, <lb/>atque ob id tractari po&longs;&longs;ie commodè, nece&longs;<lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t, vt vel &longs;olus, vel etiam maximè inter <lb/>omnes pi&longs;ces man&longs;ue&longs;cat: qui &longs;i traduci po&longs;<lb/>&longs;et in pi&longs;cinas, parùm man&longs;uetudine à cane <lb/>differret. </s>

<s id="s.008813">Cùm igitur delphinus in<lb/>genio valeat, &longs;icque audaci&longs;&longs;imus, & &longs;piret, <lb/>atque ob id tractari po&longs;&longs;it commodè, nece&longs;<lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t, vt vel &longs;olus, vel etiam maximè inter <lb/>omnes pi&longs;ces man&longs;ue&longs;cat: qui &longs;i traduci po&longs;<lb/>&longs;et in pi&longs;cinas, parùm man&longs;uetudine à cane <lb/>differret. </s>

<s id="s.008814"><margin.target id="marg1204"/>Viuella.</s>

Line 12877

Line 12760

<s id="s.008819"><margin.target id="marg1208"/>Delphini cur <lb/>maximè in<lb/>ter pi&longs;ces <lb/><expan abbr="mã&longs;ue&longs;cant">man&longs;ue&longs;cant</expan>.</s>

<s id="s.008820">Sed po&longs;tquàm iu murium &longs;ermonem inci<lb/>dimus, de illis, illorúmque generibus, quæ <lb/>plurima &longs;unt: aliqua dicenda &longs;unt, altiùs re<lb/>petitio principio. </s>

<s id="s.008820">Sed po&longs;tquàm in murium &longs;ermonem inci<lb/>dimus, de illis, illorúmque generibus, quæ <lb/>plurima &longs;unt: aliqua dicenda &longs;unt, altiùs re<lb/>petitio principio. </s>

<s id="s.008821">Nam cùm animalia pluri<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1209"/><lb/>bus modis di&longs;tinguantur, ex alimentorum <lb/>etiam di&longs;crimine differentias &longs;umi docuimus <lb/>generaliter quidem herbarum, arborúmque, <lb/>tum carnium, propriè autem quatuor mo<lb/>dis: aut enim elementorum humido ve&longs;cun<lb/>tur, vt chamæleon aëris, &longs;turio, & multi <lb/>pi&longs;ces alij aquæ, buffones terræ: quamvis <lb/>enim terram edant, terra tamen non e&longs;t illis <lb/>alimentum, &longs;ed exiguum illud pingue humi<lb/>dum, quod in terra continetur: aut plan<lb/>tis, vt &longs;olipeda, pleraque tum etiam corni<lb/>gera, atque hæc prioribus nobiliora: aut car<lb/>nibus, vt leones, & canes præcedentibus am<lb/>bobus præ&longs;tantiora. </s>

<s id="s.008822">Quarum genus fru-<pb pagenum="541" xlink:href="016/01/190.jpg"/>ctibus ve&longs;citur, hócque nobili&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;t: <lb/>atque in eo genere e&longs;t homo, elephas, &longs;us, & <lb/>vr&longs;us, tum etiam mures, aué&longs;que omnes fer<lb/>mè præter carniuoras: &longs;eminibus enim ac <lb/>fructibus omnes ve&longs;cuntur. </s>

<s id="s.008823">Ex ex his omnia <lb/>etiam præter elephantem carnes deuorant, <lb/>exceptis auibus, quarum etiam quædam, vt <lb/>gallinæ, & picæ, & cornices, carnibus alun<lb/>tur. </s>

Line 12887

Line 12770

<s id="s.008827">Itaque eos Indicos non au&longs;im dicere, &longs;ed po<lb/>tiùs ob &longs;iccitatem paruos, quia for&longs;an origo <lb/>ex Africa &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.008828">Calor enim non pote&longs;t ma<lb/>gnitudini ob&longs;tare, nec humidum, &longs;ed frigus <lb/>aut &longs;iccitas, ob id frigore moriuntur, nec bi<lb/>bunt. </s>

<s id="s.008829">Ve&longs;cuntur autem maximè caulibus, <lb/>furfure & auena. </s>

<s id="s.008830">Erigunt etiam &longs;e&longs;e contra <lb/>aliorum morem, & vt cuniculi f&oelig;tus &longs;uos <lb/>deuorant ob &longs;alacitatem: digitos quinos, &longs;e<lb/>no&longs;ve habent in pedibus, aut etiam plures: <lb/>pilum molliorem, color omnis generis qna<lb/>drupedium: os habent non ro&longs;trum, atque <lb/>nitus recondita genitalia: dentes etiam cu<lb/>niculorum more, & tamen ab&longs;olutos f&oelig;tus <lb/>pariunt, quíque vt &longs;ues: matrem &longs;tatim co<lb/>mitant (pariunt autem plerunque ternos<emph type="italics"/>)<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/>oculos murium oculis &longs;imiles, vnde qui<lb/>dam mures Indicos e&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timant, &longs;ed cau<lb/>da fermè cùm careant, mi&longs;tum qua&longs;i genus <lb/>dicas. </s>

<s id="s.008830">Erigunt etiam &longs;e&longs;e contra <lb/>aliorum morem, & vt cuniculi f&oelig;tus &longs;uos <lb/>deuorant ob &longs;alacitatem: digitos quinos, &longs;e<lb/>no&longs;ve habent in pedibus, aut etiam plures: <lb/>pilum molliorem, color omnis generis qua<lb/>drupedium: os habent non ro&longs;trum, atque <lb/>nitus recondita genitalia: dentes etiam cu<lb/>niculorum more, & tamen ab&longs;olutos f&oelig;tus <lb/>pariunt, quíque vt &longs;ues: matrem &longs;tatim co<lb/>mitant (pariunt autem plerunque ternos<emph type="italics"/>)<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/>oculos murium oculis &longs;imiles, vnde qui<lb/>dam mures Indicos e&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timant, &longs;ed cau<lb/>da fermè cùm careant, mi&longs;tum qua&longs;i genus <lb/>dicas. </s>

<s id="s.008831"><margin.target id="marg1209"/>Animalium <lb/>differentiæ <lb/>ex ciborum <lb/>di&longs;crimine.</s>

Line 12911

Line 12794

<s id="s.008845">Cur igitur ad tantam &longs;iccitatem facilli<lb/>mè ferantur, cau&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd facillimè mu<lb/>tantur. </s>

<s id="s.008846">Mutantur autem facillimè, quod &longs;int <lb/>imbecilli&longs;&longs;ima natura: recipiunt autem ac <lb/>retinent vim quia alioquin &longs;unt perfecta <lb/>atque &longs;anguinea. </s>

<s id="s.008847">Species verò eorum innu<lb/>meræ, dome&longs;tici, agre&longs;tes, &longs;ciuri, à caudæ ma<lb/>gnitudine vocati glires, auellanei reliquis <lb/>minores, qui totam hyemem dormiunt: al pi<lb/>ni quoque, quos vocant Mediolanen&longs;es mar<lb/>motas, ad hoc genus referuntur. </s>

<s id="s.008848">Cummune <lb/>e&longs;t alpinis ac &longs;ciuris, tum gliribus, auella<lb/>neí&longs;que man&longs;ue&longs;cere. </s>

<s id="s.008848">Commune <lb/>e&longs;t alpinis ac &longs;ciuris, tum gliribus, auella<lb/>neí&longs;que man&longs;ue&longs;cere. </s>

<s id="s.008849">Omnes etiam hi præ<lb/>ter &longs;ciuros gyeme dormiunt: &longs;ed auellanei, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1212"/><lb/>qui inter corylos degunt, rubri &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.008850">Sciuri <lb/>hyeme latent potius, quàm dormiant. </s>

<s id="s.008851">Om<lb/>nibus his etiam commune e&longs;t, vt erecti co<lb/>medant, pedibus anterioribus pro manibus <lb/>vtentes. </s>

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<s id="s.008870"><arrow.to.target n="marg1214"/><lb/>di&longs;crimen in mari, vt iuxta Indiam in Æ<lb/>thiopiæ directo pa&longs;&longs;uum millibus fermè tre<lb/>centis, albe&longs;cat vt lac, alibi c&oelig;ruleum &longs;it, ali<lb/>bi nigrum, alibi viride. </s>

<s id="s.008871">Album, e&longs;t cum are<lb/>na alba &longs;ube&longs;t mari minimè profundo: vi<lb/>ride, cùm mediocris fuerit profunditatis: c&oelig;<lb/>ruleum cum maguæ, <expan abbr="mouetúrq;">mouetúrque</expan> &longs;ed &longs;i quie&longs;<lb/>cat, color fit argenteus. </s>

<s id="s.008871">Album, e&longs;t cum are<lb/>na alba &longs;ube&longs;t mari minimè profundo: vi<lb/>ride, cùm mediocris fuerit profunditatis: c&oelig;<lb/>ruleum cum magnæ, <expan abbr="mouetúrq;">mouetúrque</expan> &longs;ed &longs;i quie&longs;<lb/>cat, color fit argenteus. </s>

<s id="s.008872">Vidimus in Verbano <lb/>lacu, cùm Lutetiam Pari&longs;iorum profici&longs;<lb/>ceremur, inter fluctuantes vndas totius la<lb/>cus, partem non procul à nobis immotam, <lb/>argenteíque coloris, cum reliquum totum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;et c&oelig;ruleum. </s>

<s id="s.008873">Cau&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd ventus à <lb/>montis cacumine impeditur, nec aliter quàm <lb/>vmbra alritudine finitur. </s>

<s id="s.008873">Cau&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd ventus à <lb/>montis cacumine impeditur, nec aliter quàm <lb/>vmbra altitudine finitur. </s>

<s id="s.008874">Parte verò illa, <lb/>quæ vrgebat ad montem (neque enim tran<lb/>quillitas ad montis radicem perueniebat) <lb/>initium &longs;ump&longs;it, vbi impetus iuxta rupem <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;abat: nam impetu colli&longs;a ad latera per<lb/>mi&longs;cebat eam, quæ in medio erat. </s>

<s id="s.008875">Nigra au<lb/>tem fit, quoties arena nigra &longs;ube&longs;t aquis <lb/>haud profundis, aut cùm profunda fuerit <lb/>turbulenta. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1215"/></s>

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Line 12901

<s id="s.008918">In India etiam referunt auem e&longs;&longs;e rapa<lb/>cem, longè aquila maiorem, nigram, purpu<lb/>reámque, intercur&longs;antibus pennis candidis: <lb/>cuius ro&longs;trum fuluum, cæruleóque &longs;eu ph&oelig;<lb/>niceo colore di&longs;tinctum, adeò pulchrè, vt <lb/>nil iucundius vi&longs;u e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;it: vnde & ob <lb/>pulchritudinem, & ob magnitudinem, ca<lb/>puli ex ro&longs;tro huius auis fieri &longs;olent: con<lb/>&longs;tat autem prædurum hoc ro&longs;trum e&longs;&longs;e opor<lb/>tere. </s>

<s id="s.008919">Hanc volantium auium maximam <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e con&longs;tat. </s>

<s id="s.008920">Vnde alas ingentes talibus <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: quò enim maiores ac du<lb/>riores, eò celeriùs volant. </s>

<s id="s.008921">Si autem mol<lb/>les, præ&longs;tat e&longs;&longs;e mediocres, quoniam maio</s>

<s id="s.008921">Si autem mol<lb/>les, præ&longs;tat e&longs;&longs;e mediocres, quoniam maio<arrow.to.target n="marg1220"/><lb/>res flectuntur, & impediunt: velut & olo<lb/>ribus, qui &longs;ola fermè magnitudine ab an<lb/>&longs;ere di&longs;tinguuntur, quamuis candidi toti <lb/>&longs;int, & inter omnes aues &longs;uaui&longs;&longs;imè occi<lb/>nant: vox tamen, vt &longs;æpiùs audiens con&longs;i<lb/>deraui, an&longs;erina e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008922"><arrow.to.target n="marg1220"/><lb/>res flectuntur, & impediunt: velut & olo<lb/>ribus, qui &longs;ola fermè magnitudine ab an<lb/>&longs;ere di&longs;tinguuntur, quamuis candidi toti <lb/>&longs;int, & inter omnes aues &longs;uaui&longs;&longs;imè occi<lb/>nant: vox tamen, vt &longs;æpiùs audiens con&longs;i<lb/>deraui, an&longs;erina e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.008923">Atque hoc genus <lb/>auium tam laudatum, di&longs;cerpit &longs;uos, ac <lb/>deuorat, in morte verò dulcè canit. </s>

<s id="s.008924">Vnde <lb/>Ouidius: <lb/><emph type="quote"/><emph type="italics"/>Sic vbi fata vocant vdis abiectus in herbis, <lb/>Ad vada Mæandri concinit albus olor.<emph.end type="italics"/><emph.end type="quote"/></s>

Line 13146

Line 13026

<s id="s.009000"><margin.target id="marg1233"/>Cur aues ca<lb/>put paruum <lb/>habeant.</s>

<s id="s.009001"><margin.target id="marg1234"/>Aues cur <expan abbr="d&etilde;-tib">den<lb/>tib</expan> us <expan abbr="careãt">careant</expan></s>

<s id="s.009001"><margin.target id="marg1234"/>Aues cur <expan abbr="d&etilde;-tibus">den<lb/>tibus</expan> <expan abbr="careãt">careant</expan></s>

<s id="s.009002"><margin.target id="marg1235"/>Cur aues ve<lb/>&longs;ica careant.</s>

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Line 13053

<s id="s.009011">Cinerei coloris e&longs;t, mu<lb/>ri &longs;imile forma, & magnitudine, ni&longs;i quòd <lb/>oculis caret: nam cui v&longs;ui oculi profuturi <lb/>erant &longs;ub terra perpetuò habitanti? </s>

<s id="s.009012">adeò ve<lb/>rò odit aërem, vt &longs;i cogatur in lucem egre<lb/>di, breui&longs;&longs;imo temporis &longs;patio exanimetur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009013">Di&longs;&longs;idet & cauda, quor&longs;um enim effingere <lb/>tam longam caudam &longs;ub terra habitanti? <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009014">Eadem ratione & crura habet bteui&longs;&longs;ima, & <lb/>vngues acuti&longs;&longs;imos: vnde crurum breuitas <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria per angu&longs;ta penetranti, & vn<lb/>guium acuitas, vt terram commodè perfode<lb/>re po&longs;&longs;it: adeò autem hoc opus celeriter, & <lb/>amplè explet, vt qui viderint primò defo&longs;<lb/>&longs;am talpa humum, multùm admirentur. </s>

<s id="s.009014">Eadem ratione & crura habet breui&longs;&longs;ima, & <lb/>vngues acuti&longs;&longs;imos: vnde crurum breuitas <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria per angu&longs;ta penetranti, & vn<lb/>guium acuitas, vt terram commodè perfode<lb/>re po&longs;&longs;it: adeò autem hoc opus celeriter, & <lb/>amplè explet, vt qui viderint primò defo&longs;<lb/>&longs;am talpa humum, multùm admirentur. </s>

<s id="s.009015">Pa<lb/>lam e&longs;t igitur naturam in cunctis &longs;olicitam <lb/>mirum in modum fui&longs;&longs;e, nec obiter, &longs;ed ex <lb/>&longs;ententia omnia præuidi&longs;&longs;e, <expan abbr="hominé&longs;q;">hominé&longs;que</expan> qui<arrow.to.target n="marg1239"/><lb/>bus hoc beneficium Deus largitus e&longs;t, vt cau<lb/>&longs;am rerum primam <expan abbr="inu&etilde;iant">inueniant</expan>, participes e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>illius primæ naturæ: <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> alterius e&longs;&longs;e generis <lb/>naturam, quæ hæc con&longs;tituit, ab <expan abbr="illor&utilde;">illorum</expan> <expan abbr="m&etilde;te">mente</expan>, <lb/>qui cau&longs;am eorum, cur ita facta &longs;int, plenè <lb/>a&longs;&longs;equi potuerunt. </s>

<s id="s.009016"><arrow.to.target n="marg1239"/><lb/>bus hoc beneficium Deus largitus e&longs;t, vt cau<lb/>&longs;am rerum primam <expan abbr="inu&etilde;iant">inueniant</expan>, participes e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>illius primæ naturæ: <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> alterius e&longs;&longs;e generis <lb/>naturam, quæ hæc con&longs;tituit, ab <expan abbr="illor&utilde;">illorum</expan> <expan abbr="m&etilde;te">mente</expan>, <lb/>qui cau&longs;am eorum, cur ita facta &longs;int, plenè <lb/>a&longs;&longs;equi potuerunt. </s>

<s id="s.009017">Nullum itaque &longs;ub terra <lb/>perpetuò viuens animal &longs;anguine præditum <lb/>præter talpam e&longs;t inuentum: nam &longs;erpentum, <lb/>& ranarum pernicio&longs;arum quædam genera, <lb/>non &longs;olum &longs;ub terra, & in &longs;epulchris vetu<lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis, &longs;ed quòd magis mirum dictu e&longs;t, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1240"/><lb/>etiam in &longs;axis &longs;olidis inuenta &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.009018">Sed hæc & <lb/>&longs;anguine carent propriè, & animal non pa<lb/>riunt &longs;ui generis, &longs;ed oua aut nihil. </s>

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Line 13122

<s id="s.009061">Leonis, vt &longs;it animo&longs;us & for<lb/>tis, vt &longs;it parte anteriore elatus non &longs;inuatus <lb/>in medio, nec altior parte po&longs;trema, vt &longs;it <lb/>totus o&longs;&longs;eus, ac robu&longs;tus: hæc enim leonis <lb/>&longs;unt propria. </s>

<s id="s.009062">Cerui, vt &longs;it cur&longs;or, &longs;altator, & <lb/>leuis. </s>

<s id="s.009063">A&longs;ini, vt vngulas habeat duras, corium <lb/>durum, & dor&longs;um robu&longs;tum. </s>

<s id="s.009064">Fugies enim <lb/>equum qui cùm a&longs;cendis, flectitur, & pon<lb/>deri codit. </s>

<s id="s.009064">Fugies enim <lb/>equum qui cùm a&longs;cendis, flectitur, & pon<lb/>deri cedit. </s>

<s id="s.009065">Vulpis, vt caudam habeat pul<lb/>chram: non &longs;olùm enim ad decorem facit, <lb/>&longs;ed roboris &longs;ignum e&longs;t, quòd ex vertebris <lb/>dor&longs;i oriatur, & vt facilè in quamlibet par<lb/>tem vertatur: nullum enim animal in hoc <lb/>agilitatis genere vulpi æquari pote&longs;t, & <lb/>quòd pellis pulchritudine præ&longs;tet. </s>

<s id="s.009066">Bouis, vt <lb/>pedem habeat magnum, ac crura moderatè <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;a: neque enim exilia, bona e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;unt: <lb/>vt breuium iuncturarum & firmarum, vt <lb/>&longs;ecurus incedat: bos enim nunquam ce&longs;pi<lb/>tat: Equi propria &longs;unt velociter, ac &longs;uauiter <lb/>incedere, alacrem e&longs;&longs;e, & vt fræno, ac calca<lb/>ribus parere&longs;ciat: Commune autem omni<lb/>bus atque per &longs;e manife&longs;tum e&longs;t, vt &longs;anus: <lb/>&longs;anitatis etiam pars e&longs;t atque optimum &longs;i<lb/>gnum, quòd in laboribus vix &longs;udet. </s>

<s id="s.009067">Alacritas <lb/>digno&longs;citur quòd hinniat, nec quie&longs;cere <lb/>&longs;ciat, & &longs;i cogatur, fræna mandat, & pedem <lb/>concutiat. </s>

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Line 13146

<s id="s.009077">Cæ&longs;aris Di<lb/>ctatoris.</s>

<s id="s.009078">Cùm igitur equus offertur primum illius <lb/>caput, quod paruum e&longs;&longs;e debet, in&longs;picito, at<lb/>que decorum, erectum, oculis viuacibus at<lb/>que vitio omni carenribus, auribus paruis, <lb/>rectí&longs;que, collo breui, amplo, coma decora, <lb/>pectore lato, parte anteriore &longs;ublimore pa<lb/>rum, tergo rectè rigente, in quo nulla &longs;int <lb/>cicatricum ve&longs;tigia, latiore &longs;pina, iliis ro<lb/>tundis, lumbis plenis, cauda pulchra, cruri<lb/>bus rectis, miniméque dum incedit, aut intus <lb/>&longs;e collidentibus, aut extrà deflexis, iuncturis <lb/>firmis breuibú&longs;que, pede lato & vngula cra&longs;<lb/>&longs;iore. </s>

<s id="s.009078">Cùm igitur equus offertur primum illius <lb/>caput, quod paruum e&longs;&longs;e debet, in&longs;picito, at<lb/>que decorum, erectum, oculis viuacibus at<lb/>que vitio omni carentibus, auribus paruis, <lb/>rectí&longs;que, collo breui, amplo, coma decora, <lb/>pectore lato, parte anteriore &longs;ublimore pa<lb/>rum, tergo rectè rigente, in quo nulla &longs;int <lb/>cicatricum ve&longs;tigia, latiore &longs;pina, iliis ro<lb/>tundis, lumbis plenis, cauda pulchra, cruri<lb/>bus rectis, miniméque dum incedit, aut intus <lb/>&longs;e collidentibus, aut extrà deflexis, iuncturis <lb/>firmis breuibú&longs;que, pede lato & vngula cra&longs;<lb/>&longs;iore. </s>

<s id="s.009079">Inde in&longs;pice dentes, vt ætatem agno&longs;<lb/>cas, & guttur comprime: nam &longs;i anhelitu <lb/>&longs;it haud integro, mole&longs;tè feret. </s>

<s id="s.009080">Trahe po&longs;t<lb/>modum caudam, &longs;i cedit, e&longs;t imbecillis: inde <lb/>iuncturas &longs;ingulas, maximè iuxta pedes, <lb/>comprime, & paululum inuerte: &longs;i dolet <lb/>quie&longs;cere non vult, & morbum patitur anti<lb/>quum. </s>

<s id="s.009081">Colorem etiam con&longs;idera, optimus <lb/>enim e&longs;t qui &longs;plendet: quoniam genero&longs;io<lb/>rem & bene curatum equum &longs;ignificat. </s>

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Line 13193

<s id="s.009122">Hic ince&longs;&longs;us equis e&longs;t commodior, & <lb/>nulla in parte equum fatigat, quum &longs;it &longs;e<lb/>cundùm naturam. </s>

<s id="s.009123">Quum verò pes po&longs;terior <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1251"/><lb/>locum prioris fermè æquat, & celeriter pes <lb/>pedem &longs;equitur, Propa&longs;&longs;us dicitur, id e&longs;t, <lb/>ince&longs;&longs;us maior. </s>

<s id="s.009124">Hic commodus e&longs;t, multi <lb/>tamen equi ob hoc, velut & tortores, pedes <lb/>po&longs;teriores allidunt anterioribus. </s>

<s id="s.009125">Allidunt <lb/>igitur pedes equi, quum tardi &longs;unt, & &longs;pa<lb/>cium maius motu pedum &longs;petant. </s>

<s id="s.009125">Allidunt <lb/>igitur pedes equi, quum tardi &longs;unt, & &longs;pa<lb/>cium maius motu pedum &longs;perant. </s>

<s id="s.009126">Si verò <lb/>moto pede dextro anteriore, dexter po&longs;te<lb/>rior, non &longs;ini&longs;ter, celeriter &longs;ub&longs;equatur, in<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;us fit mollis, quem Trainam vulgus vo<lb/>cat: qui proprius e&longs;t mulis: nec fatigat ho<lb/>minem, imò celeritate pari, minus quàm <lb/>propa&longs;&longs;us, quòd dextra pars &longs;olùm moue<lb/>tur, inde &longs;ini&longs;tra. </s>

<s id="s.009127">Propa&longs;&longs;us autem, quum <lb/>&longs;ini&longs;trum po&longs;teriorem dextro anteriori iun<lb/>gat, & dextrum po&longs;teriorem &longs;ini&longs;tro ante<lb/>riori: vbi celer &longs;it, totum hominem &longs;imul <lb/>mouere videtur, atque ob id illum etiam <lb/>concutit. </s>

<s id="s.009128">Sed quoties duo pedes &longs;imul mo<lb/>uentur, aut duo ex eadem parte, vt duo <lb/>dextri, inde &longs;ini&longs;tri: vocantque quidam <lb/>hunc motum, gradarium, qui a&longs;turcorum: <lb/>hic omnium equi gre&longs;&longs;uum profectò e&longs;t no<lb/>bili&longs;&longs;imus: quippe celer, quòd duobus &longs;imul <pb pagenum="548" xlink:href="016/01/197.jpg"/>fiat pedibus: & eò celerior, quò pedes etiam <lb/>ocyus mouentur, maiu&longs;que &longs;pacium &longs;upe<lb/>rant: & &longs;uauis, quoniam altera parte mota <lb/>reliqua quie&longs;cat. </s>

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Line 13336

<s id="s.009225">Quis tam amens e&longs;t, qui nolit potius mem<lb/>bra aliqua amittere, quàm perire? </s>

<s id="s.009226">Ita anima<lb/>lia membra &longs;unt &longs;peciei, quæ longè melius <lb/>e&longs;t perire, manente incolumi &longs;pecie, quàm <lb/>&longs;peciem ip&longs;am, aut deleri, aut non e&longs;&longs;e vn<lb/>quam con&longs;titutam. </s>

<s id="s.009227">Cùm tamen & illud lon<lb/>gè melius &longs;it in &longs;pecie, quòd tam benè in <lb/>pauci&longs;&longs;imis animalibus &longs;eruatur, &longs;icut in plu<lb/>rimis, nec vlla penitus operatio. </s>

<s id="s.009228">Animali &longs;i <lb/>membrum pereat, perit & operatio, reddi<lb/>turque animal claudum, aut cæcum, & <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;tat viuere, quanquam etiam moriturum <lb/>quantò magis peciem quæ nullis manca e&longs;t <lb/>operationibus, nec deformis, <expan abbr="æternitatémq;">æternitatémque</expan> <lb/>con&longs;ecuta e&longs;t, tamet&longs;i in pauci&longs;&longs;imis anima<lb/>libus po&longs;ita &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.009228">Animali &longs;i <lb/>membrum pereat, perit & operatio, reddi<lb/>turque animal claudum, aut cæcum, & <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;tat viuere, quanquam etiam moriturum <lb/>quantò magis &longs;peciem quæ nullis manca e&longs;t <lb/>operationibus, nec deformis, <expan abbr="æternitatémq;">æternitatémque</expan> <lb/>con&longs;ecuta e&longs;t, tamet&longs;i in pauci&longs;&longs;imis anima<lb/>libus po&longs;ita &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.009229">Igitur homo vt omnia com<lb/>moda a&longs;&longs;equeretur, ex vltimo refractis ele<lb/>mentis genitus e&longs;t: nam primò elementis <lb/>ve&longs;cuntur plantæ, plantis animalia, animali<lb/>bus homo. </s>

<s id="s.009230">Ob id igitur carniuora omnia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> </s>

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Line 13350

<s id="s.009237"><margin.target id="marg1256"/>Cur carniuo<lb/>ra omnia &longs;a<lb/>gaciora reli<lb/>quis. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009238">Cur nulla <lb/>caro calids&longs;<lb/>&longs;ima vt plan<lb/>tæ. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009238">Cur nulla <lb/>caro calidi&longs;<lb/>&longs;ima vt plan<lb/>tæ. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009239">Homo quo<lb/>modo cali<lb/>d &longs;&longs;imus, ac <lb/>temperati&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mus e&longs;&longs;e po<lb/>tuit.</s>

<s id="s.009239">Homo quo<lb/>modo cali<lb/>di&longs;&longs;imus, ac <lb/>temperati&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mus e&longs;&longs;e po<lb/>tuit.</s>

<s id="s.009240">Atque hæc fidem facere videntur, quòd <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1257"/><lb/>homo &longs;it animal, hucu&longs;que etiam &longs;ic e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>creditum e&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.009273">At verò reges ip&longs;i & exerci<lb/>tus & &longs;apientes, cau&longs;æ &longs;unt horum, & vt <lb/>prouinciæ vel pereant, vel diuturna floreant <lb/>felicitate: itaque & cau&longs;as has non &longs;impli<lb/>citer quidem, &longs;ed vt ad prouincias, regna ac <lb/>ciuitates comparantur, notas e&longs;&longs;e oportet. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009274">Quamobrem nota hæc &longs;unt, & &longs;igna ac pro<lb/>digia in horum interitu, ac ortu fieri con<lb/>&longs;ueuerunt: igitur tanta fuit de his cura. </s>

<s id="s.009275">In <lb/>genere verò nudus creatus e&longs;t, vt formo&longs;ior <lb/>e&longs;&longs;et, tenuior ac humidior. </s>

<s id="s.009276">Sed quoniam nu</s>

<s id="s.009276">Sed quoniam nu<arrow.to.target n="marg1262"/><lb/>ditas obnoxia erat periculis; & minus firma <lb/>tribus illum armauit præ&longs;idiis: ingenio ad in<lb/>uentionem nece&longs;&longs;ariorum: &longs;ermone ad auxi<lb/>lium: manibus ad perfectionem omnium <lb/>eorum, quæ vel ingenio excogita&longs;&longs;et, vel &longs;er<lb/>mone ab aliis didici&longs;&longs;et. </s>

<s id="s.009277"><arrow.to.target n="marg1262"/><lb/>ditas obnoxia erat periculis; & minus firma <lb/>tribus illum armauit præ&longs;idiis: ingenio ad in<lb/>uentionem nece&longs;&longs;ariorum: &longs;ermone ad auxi<lb/>lium: manibus ad perfectionem omnium <lb/>eorum, quæ vel ingenio excogita&longs;&longs;et, vel &longs;er<lb/>mone ab aliis didici&longs;&longs;et. </s>

<s id="s.009278">Neque enim aliud <lb/>animal verè loquitur, cùm non ex mente <lb/>profici&longs;catur verbum, nec manus habet, &longs;ed <lb/>manibus aliquid &longs;imile. </s>

<s id="s.009279">Itaque nece&longs;&longs;aria <lb/>primò inuenit ratione, ædes, ve&longs;tes, arma, ci<lb/>bos: pò&longs;t terram ac materia metiri: nec his <lb/>contentus, plani&longs;phæriis, &longs;ciotericis, armil<lb/>li&longs;que ampli&longs;&longs;imam c&oelig;li molem, ac vix <expan abbr="m&etilde;-te">men<lb/>te</expan> conceptam, euocauit in terram, in angu<lb/>&longs;tumque redigens &longs;ub &longs;en&longs;u ac oculis po&longs;uit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009280">Inde naturalem Philo&longs;ophiam con&longs;tituit, <lb/>reliqua&longs;que &longs;cientias: demum ad leges, qui<lb/>bus cum pace viuere multitudo po&longs;&longs;et, ani<lb/>mum applicuit. </s>

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<s id="s.009333">Sub polis ciuitates e&longs;&longs;e populo&longs;as e&longs;t <lb/>impo&longs;&longs;ibile, quoniam &longs;terilis e&longs;t terra, & <expan abbr="in-cõmoda">in<lb/>commoda</expan> vectio frugum: quamobrem aut pa<lb/>lantes viuere nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t, aut in paruis vil<lb/>lis. </s>

<s id="s.009334">Qui verò temperatam incolunt <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan>, <lb/>mediocres habent vrbes: nam <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> fru<lb/>ges in eas euehunt, & melius ac tutius in his <lb/>quàm in villis ver&longs;antur: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> multitudine ho<lb/>minum, & muris &longs;unt firmiores, <expan abbr="arté&longs;q;">arté&longs;que</expan> &longs;ibi <lb/>inuicem melius auxilio e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.009335">Conti<lb/>git tamen Romæ, quòd orbis imperium ob<lb/>tinuerit, magnitudo incredibilis, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> mænio<lb/>rum, &longs;ed populi. </s>

<s id="s.009336">At in feruidis regionib. </s>

<s id="s.009336">At in feruidis regionib. ma<lb/>ximas ciuitates e&longs;&longs;e nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: <expan abbr="prim&utilde;">primum</expan>, quòd <lb/>&longs;oli pars aut &longs;terilis e&longs;t, &longs;i aquis careat: aut <lb/>fertili&longs;&longs;ima, &longs;i abundet: ob hanc <expan abbr="inæqualitat&etilde;">inæqualitatem</expan> <lb/>cùm locus multitudini alendæ oportunus in<lb/>uenitur, pars e&longs;t ampli&longs;&longs;imam vrbem condi, <lb/><expan abbr="numero&longs;i&longs;&longs;imumq;">numero&longs;i&longs;&longs;imumque</expan> populum in eam conflue<lb/>re. </s>

<s id="s.009337">ma<lb/>ximas ciuitates e&longs;&longs;e nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: <expan abbr="prim&utilde;">primum</expan>, quòd <lb/>&longs;oli pars aut &longs;terilis e&longs;t, &longs;i aquis careat: aut <lb/>fertili&longs;&longs;ima, &longs;i abundet: ob hanc <expan abbr="inæqualitat&etilde;">inæqualitatem</expan> <lb/>cùm locus multitudini alendæ oportunus in<lb/>uenitur, pars e&longs;t ampli&longs;&longs;imam vrbem condi, <lb/><expan abbr="numero&longs;i&longs;&longs;imumq;">numero&longs;i&longs;&longs;imumque</expan> populum in eam conflue<lb/>re. </s>

<s id="s.009338">Alia potentior cau&longs;a e&longs;t, quòd cùm procul <pb pagenum="553" xlink:href="016/01/202.jpg"/>veniant merces, & per loca de&longs;erta, <expan abbr="periculo-&longs;áq;">periculo<lb/>&longs;áque</expan> nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t vt &longs;imul plures veniant mer<lb/>catores, ac in modum agminis, ob <expan abbr="&longs;ecuritat&etilde;">&longs;ecuritatem</expan>: <lb/>quare cum in aliquam vrbem &longs;edem po&longs;ue<lb/>rint, incommodum nimis e&longs;&longs;et eam &longs;ocieta<lb/>tem vagari, non &longs;olùm mercatoribus, &longs;ed vr<lb/>bibus: vnde melius e&longs;t, & longè faciliùs, vi<lb/>cinos omnes in eum locum confluere, quod <lb/>cùm multis per&longs;euerat annis, contingit <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>è paruo pago vrbem fieri populo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imam. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1270"/><lb/>Tales igitur &longs;unt, Qui&longs;nai, Singui, Camba<lb/>la, & Cairum. </s>

<s id="s.009339">Hanc ciuitatem Gehoar Il<lb/>liricus &longs;eruus Elcaim Mahumetanorum <lb/>Pontificis in Ægypto ædificauit &longs;ecuritatis <lb/>cau&longs;a, vocatáque nomine Pontificis Elcaira, <lb/>inde corruptio, vocabulo Cairum. </s>

<s id="s.009340">Si quis ob<lb/>iiciat Byzantium &longs;eu Con&longs;tantinopolim, ta<lb/>met&longs;i cum his, quæ &longs;exaginta atque amplius <lb/>habent pa&longs;&longs;uum millia in ambitu, conferri <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1271"/><lb/>minimè debeat, cau&longs;a tamen imperium e&longs;t. <lb/></s>

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<s id="s.009361">Cairi vrbis <lb/>origo.</s>

<s id="s.009362"><margin.target id="marg1271"/>Lyco&longs;ura ci<lb/>ui atum om<lb/>nium prima.</s>

<s id="s.009362"><margin.target id="marg1271"/>Lyco&longs;ura ci<lb/>uitatum om<lb/>nium prima.</s>

<s id="s.009363"><margin.target id="marg1272"/>Vrbium ater<lb/>narum quin<lb/>que conditio<lb/>nes.</s>

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<s id="s.009365">Tertia di&longs;criminis ratio, ex lingua e&longs;t: nec <lb/>e&longs;t aliud in quo plus homo ab homine dif<lb/>ferat, cùm cætera animalia ii&longs;dem vocibus <lb/>eo&longs;dem demon&longs;trent affectus. </s>

<s id="s.009366">Solus homo <lb/>ab homine non plus intelligitur, quàm à leo<lb/>ne hirundo. </s>

<s id="s.009367">Quot verò &longs;int di&longs;crimina lin<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1274"/><lb/>guarum, explicare numero vix queam. </s>

<s id="s.009368">Sunt <lb/>tamen &longs;ex fimplicia genera: ab ore, & hi <lb/>qua&longs;i &longs;ibilant: à lingua intra dentes, à lingua <lb/>exerta: tum hæc duplex, vt in labiis, & in <lb/>palato: à gutture, & à pectore. </s>

<s id="s.009368">Sunt <lb/>tamen &longs;ex &longs;implicia genera: ab ore, & hi <lb/>qua&longs;i &longs;ibilant: à lingua intra dentes, à lingua <lb/>exerta: tum hæc duplex, vt in labiis, & in <lb/>palato: à gutture, & à pectore. </s>

<s id="s.009369">Licet autem <lb/>hæc omnia fermè di&longs;crimina in Italia in&longs;pi<lb/>cere: nam Florentini gula, Veneti Palato, <lb/>Neapolitani dentibus, Ianuen&longs;es labiis pro<lb/>ferunt. </s>

<s id="s.009370">In vniuer&longs;um lingua quatuor modis <lb/>&longs;implicibus &longs;ermonem edit acuta, reflexa, &longs;u<lb/>perius, inferius, & libera. </s>

<s id="s.009371">Libera lingua e&longs;t <lb/>Romana, &longs;uperius inflectitur Anglica. </s>

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<s id="s.009381"><margin.target id="marg1275"/>Germania <lb/>lingua vt <lb/>Græca felici<lb/>ter nomina <lb/>iungit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009382">Homines <expan abbr="ed&etilde;">edem</expan>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009382">Homines <expan abbr="ed&etilde;">eden<lb/>tes</expan> humanas <lb/>carnes.</s>

<s id="s.009383">tes humanas <lb/>carnes.</s>

<s id="s.009384">Sunt & præter hæc di&longs;crimina natura<lb/>lia &longs;exus, ætatis ac temperamenti, adeò vt <lb/>plus homo ab homine differat, quàm à lu<lb/>po capra. </s>

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<s id="s.009462"><margin.target id="marg1290"/>Modus pro<lb/>creandi ho<lb/>mines ma<lb/>gnitudine, <lb/>aut natura <lb/>mirabiles.</s>

<s id="s.009463"><margin.target id="marg1291"/>Senegæ fiu<lb/>minis <expan abbr="mir&utilde;">mirum</expan>.</s>

<s id="s.009463"><margin.target id="marg1291"/>Senegæ flu<lb/>minis <expan abbr="mir&utilde;">mirum</expan>.</s>

<s id="s.009464">Quantum verò regio po&longs;&longs;it, Senegæ flu<lb/>men ( ea prouincia e&longs;t in extrema Africæ <lb/>parte in occidentali latere<emph type="italics"/>)<emph.end type="italics"/> o&longs;tendit, vbi qui <lb/>citra flumen ad Boream habitant, cinerei <lb/>coloris &longs;unt, & parui corporis: qui verò <lb/>vltrà, nigri, procera &longs;tatura, ac robu&longs;ta <lb/>&longs;unt: &longs;iquidem ea parte regio tota viret, alte<lb/>ra &longs;qualet. </s>

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<s id="s.009496">Corporis perfecti forma humani hæc e&longs;t: <lb/>totius longitudinis a capillorum ortu ad <lb/>pollicis digiti pedis extremum, facies pars <lb/>decima e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009497">Hanc per tria æqualia diuidit <lb/>&longs;patium, quod e&longs;t à na&longs;i &longs;ummo ad capillo<lb/>rum originem, & ab illius imo ad men<lb/>tum, vt na&longs;us, &longs;it totius facies pars tertia, <lb/>& corporis totius longitudinis trige&longs;ima: <lb/>oris diductio, &longs;eu longitudo ip&longs;a, æqualis <lb/>e&longs;t oculorum longitudini, quæ ab angulo <lb/>hircqui ad lachrymalem extenditur. </s>

<s id="s.009498">Sed <lb/>hoc &longs;patium æquale e&longs;t inter&longs;titio oculo<lb/>lorum, vt trifariàm diui&longs;um &longs;it, quod e&longs;t <lb/>ab hircquo ad hircquum, &longs;cilicet duobus <lb/>oculis, & medio &longs;patio intercepto. </s>

<s id="s.009498">Sed <lb/>hoc &longs;patium æquale e&longs;t inter&longs;titio oculo<lb/>rum, vt trifariàm diui&longs;um &longs;it, quod e&longs;t <lb/>ab hircquo ad hircquum, &longs;cilicet duobus <lb/>oculis, & medio &longs;patio intercepto. </s>

<s id="s.009499">Hoc to<lb/>tum duplum e&longs;t na&longs;i longitudini, vt &longs;it ocu<lb/>li longitudo, vel oris diductio dupla nonæ <lb/>parti longitudinis faciei: ob id etiam oculi <lb/>longitudini & oris diductioni, na&longs;i longi<lb/>tudo &longs;e&longs;quialtera e&longs;t, quæ cùm &longs;it tripla &longs;pa<lb/>tio, quòd e&longs;t ab imo na&longs;i ad os, erit hoc <lb/>&longs;patium dimidium diductionis oris, vel lon<lb/>gitudinis oculi. </s>

<s id="s.009500">Oris ambitus duplus na&longs;i <lb/>longitudini, & triplus diductioni. </s>

<s id="s.009501">Totus <lb/>igitur faciei longitudo &longs;e&longs;quialtera e&longs;t oris <lb/>ambitu, &longs;eu &longs;patio inter hircquos oculorum <lb/>contento: nam hoc &longs;patium æquale e&longs;t, <lb/>cum oris ambitu. </s>

<s id="s.009502">Na&longs;i ambitus in imo quan<lb/>ta eius longitudo, longitudo verò na&longs;i æqua<lb/>lis auris longitudini, & ambitus auris ip<lb/>&longs;um ambitui. </s>

<s id="s.009503">Naris foramen pars e&longs;t quar<lb/>ta longitudiuis oculi. </s>

<s id="s.009503">Naris foramen pars e&longs;t quar<lb/>ta longitudinis oculi. </s>

<s id="s.009504">Sic igitur di&longs;ponan<lb/>tur: <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1298"/></s>

<s id="s.009505"><margin.target id="marg1298"/>Humani cor<lb/>poris par<lb/>tium propor<lb/>tio.</s>

<s id="s.009506">Faeies par. </s>

<s id="s.009506">Facies par. </s>

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<s id="s.009558">CVM &longs;emen paternum materno <lb/>dominatur, filij animo &longs;imiles &longs;unt <lb/>patri: &longs;i contrà, matri. </s>

<s id="s.009559">Si autem <lb/>paternum &longs;emen &longs;anguini men<lb/>&longs;truo imperet, corpori &longs;imiles patri efficiun<lb/>tur: &longs;i vincatur, matri propter hæc animo <lb/>quidem filij patribus &longs;imiles &longs;unt, corpore <lb/>autem matribus. </s>

<s id="s.009560">Sanguis enim men&longs;truus <lb/>potentior e&longs;t, ob <expan abbr="multitudin&etilde;">multitudinem</expan> parerno &longs;emi<lb/>ne plerunque, velut & illud materno, quod <lb/>minus e&longs;t ac tenuius. </s>

<s id="s.009560">Sanguis enim men&longs;truus <lb/>potentior e&longs;t, ob <expan abbr="multitudin&etilde;">multitudinem</expan> paterno &longs;emi<lb/>ne plerunque, velut & illud materno, quod <lb/>minus e&longs;t ac tenuius. </s>

<s id="s.009561">Eadem ratione in tene<lb/>ra ætate matri, cum adole&longs;cunt, patribus &longs;i<lb/>miles magis efficiuntur. </s>

<s id="s.009562">Etenim à calidita</s>

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<s id="s.009598"><margin.target id="marg1304"/>Senes quibus <lb/>&longs;tudiis ma<lb/>ximè gau<lb/>deant.</s>

<s id="s.009599"><margin.target id="marg1305"/>Men&longs;irui <expan abbr="sã-guinis">san<lb/>guinis</expan> vires</s>

<s id="s.009599"><margin.target id="marg1305"/>Men&longs;trui <expan abbr="sã-guinis">san<lb/>guinis</expan> vires</s>

<s id="s.009600"><margin.target id="marg1306"/>Lepræ cura.</s>

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<s id="s.009603">Sed vt ad rem reuertar, o&longs;tendi&longs;&longs;e me &longs;cio <lb/>in &longs;ecundo contradicentium medicorum, <lb/>omnes filios patrium aliquid, aut auitum ad <lb/>vnguem retinere: dico autem verrucam, <lb/>vel cicatricem, vel effigiem, vel mores, <lb/>aut manuum lineas. </s>

<s id="s.009604">Itaque &longs;i bene mi&longs;<lb/>ceantur hæc &longs;emina, & ad minimas partes <lb/>iungantur, robu&longs;ti f&oelig;tus euadunt. </s>

<s id="s.009605">Quam<lb/>obrem &longs;purij robu&longs;tiores &longs;unt, quoniam ob <lb/>amoris vehementiam &longs;emina multum mi&longs;<lb/>centur. </s>

<s id="s.009606">Simili ratione & qui paucos gene<lb/>rant, non enim conueniunt &longs;emina, in<lb/>columiores, & validiores gignunt: quia <lb/>quæ non conueniebant, cum mi&longs;ta &longs;unt, cau<arrow.to.target n="marg1308"/><lb/>&longs;am validam mi&longs;tionis &longs;ortita &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.009607"><arrow.to.target n="marg1308"/><lb/>&longs;am validam mi&longs;tionis &longs;ortita &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.009608">Eadem <lb/>ratione muli longæui magis &longs;unt equis, & <lb/>a&longs;inis, à quibus procreantur: nec quia à <lb/>coïtu ab&longs;tineant, nam & qui ex eis coëunt, <lb/>diu viuunt, & qui à coïtu ab&longs;tinent, equi <lb/>parum: relinquitur igitur quòd hoc ob va<lb/>lidam mi&longs;tionem contingat: nam vbi vali<lb/>da mi&longs;tio, ibi tenuitas &longs;ub&longs;tantiæ: & vbi te<lb/>nuis &longs;ub&longs;tantia, ibi & &longs;olida. </s>

<s id="s.009609">Cùm enim <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ident, quæ mi&longs;ceri debent, vt attenuen<lb/>tur plurimo indigent motu, vnde tenuia & <lb/>&longs;olida euadunt. </s>

<s id="s.009610">Hinc fit, vt duo homines <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1309"/><lb/>eadem temperie præditi, diuer&longs;a &longs;patia vitæ <lb/>attingant, eodem quamvis vtantur regimi<lb/>ne, alter enim in iuuentute, alter valde &longs;enex <lb/>obibit. </s>

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<s id="s.009617">Sed quoniam de &longs;anguine arteria<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1312"/><lb/>li mentio facta e&longs;t, non ignorare decet du<lb/>plices in nobis e&longs;&longs;e venas: alias quidem te<lb/>nues, & immobiles in ip&longs;a &longs;uperficie corpo<lb/>ris, in quibus &longs;anguis tepidus ac ruber: alias <lb/>verò &longs;ub his cra&longs;&longs;as, & pul&longs;antes, in qui<lb/>bus &longs;anguis flauus, ac calidi&longs;&longs;imus contine<lb/>tur, qui à corde prouenit, vt primi origo <lb/>e&longs;t iecur. </s>

<s id="s.009618">Pul&longs;ant venæ hæ cra&longs;&longs;iores vnà <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1313"/><lb/>cum corde & æquis temporibus: hôcque <lb/>motu calor ip&longs;e naturalis con&longs;eruatur, & <lb/>quicquid fuligino&longs;um collectum fuerit eii<lb/>citur. </s>

<s id="s.009619">Dum enim dilatantur, refrigeran<lb/>tur: dum con&longs;tringuntur, fuligo eiicitur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009620">Accendi verò ex motu ip&longs;o calorem, indi<lb/>cat pul&longs;us vehemens & re&longs;pirandil de&longs;ide<lb/>rium, & incendium corporis, & &longs;udor ma<lb/>nans po&longs;t cur&longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.009620">Accendi verò ex motu ip&longs;o calorem, indi<lb/>cat pul&longs;us vehemens & re&longs;pirandi de&longs;ide<lb/>rium, & incendium corporis, & &longs;udor ma<lb/>nans po&longs;t cur&longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.009621"><margin.target id="marg1310"/>Augu&longs;ti for<lb/>ma.</s>

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<s id="s.009644">Adiuuat ad hæc perpetranda <lb/>indu&longs;tria, quàm ex &longs;tudiis acqui&longs;ierunt: & <lb/>melancholia, quæ re&longs;oluto humore pin<lb/>guiore gignitur ex &longs;uperfluis &longs;tudiis, atque <lb/>vigiliis. </s>

<s id="s.009645">Vnde nephanda perpe&longs;&longs;o, egi&longs;&longs;é<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1319"/><lb/>que &longs;apientes, nihil aliud e&longs;t dicere, quàm <lb/>naturam &longs;ecutos, non profui&longs;&longs;e illis Philo<lb/>&longs;ophiæ &longs;tudium. </s>

<s id="s.009646">Itaque & re&longs;olutio humidi, <lb/>vitæ breuitatis cau&longs;a e&longs;t, vt abundantia diu<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1320"/><lb/>turnitatis. </s>

<s id="s.009647">Ea ratione etiam animalia minus <lb/>viuunt plantis: nam moueri illa nece&longs;&longs;arium <lb/>erat, igitur & habere calorem, qui con&longs;u<lb/>meret, calore humidum con&longs;umente (vt di<lb/>xi) vita breuiot fit. </s>

<s id="s.009648">Porrò tenuitas omnibus <lb/>rebus &longs;i &longs;oliditati iungatur vtilis e&longs;t, iucun<lb/>da atque grata: in paruis autem etiam ne<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;aria. </s>

<s id="s.009649">Apes quia tenui &longs;ub&longs;tantia &longs;unt, <lb/>ideò &longs;agaci&longs;&longs;imæ & diu viuunt, vt ad <lb/>&longs;eptimum annum. </s>

<s id="s.009650">Vnde Virgilius ille Maro: <lb/><emph type="quote"/><emph type="italics"/>—— Neque enim plus &longs;eptima ducitur æ&longs;tas.<emph.end type="italics"/><emph.end type="quote"/></s>

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<s id="s.009695">Antonio Maioragio amico <lb/>no&longs;tro, viro certè erudi&longs;&longs;imo & di&longs;erti&longs;&longs;imo. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009696">Structura verò &etail;qualis <expan abbr="d&etilde;tium">dentium</expan> ad <expan abbr="loquend&utilde;">loquendum</expan>, <lb/>vt e&longs;t vtili&longs;&longs;imaita ad &longs;ecandum non proba<lb/>tur: nam canes, lupique inæquales, ac ad <lb/>modum &longs;erræ di&longs;po&longs;itos habent. </s>

<s id="s.009697">Meliùs <lb/>etiam hærent hi inuicem, & reliquias ci<lb/>borum non adeò retinent. </s>

<s id="s.009698">Itaque Indorum <lb/>populi quidam, quibus non adeò curæ e&longs;t <lb/>explicata loquendi ratio, vt dentibus com<lb/>modiùs vtantur, cos lima &longs;erræ in modum <lb/>aptant Magis enim hærent in radice, cùm <lb/>in &longs;ummitate non coierint. </s>

<s id="s.009698">Itaque Indorum <lb/>populi quidam, quibus non adeò curæ e&longs;t <lb/>explicata loquendi ratio, vt dentibus com<lb/>modiùs vtantur, eos lima &longs;erræ in modum <lb/>aptant Magis enim hærent in radice, cùm <lb/>in &longs;ummitate non coierint. </s>

<s id="s.009699">Quæ enim ab <lb/>vno latere coëunt, ab altero faciliùs di&longs;iun<lb/>guntur. </s>

<s id="s.009700">Sed &longs;i obliqui haud coëant non <lb/>&longs;ecus, ac excu&longs;&longs;o pror&longs;us dente, &longs;ermo<lb/>nem blæ&longs;um efficiunt. </s>

<s id="s.009701">Na&longs;cuntur in &longs;ene<lb/>cta etiam dentes, &longs;eriu&longs;que quàm quis <lb/>exi&longs;timet: &longs;ed pro miraculis, non pro re<lb/>gula, talia habenda &longs;unt. </s>

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<s id="s.009716">Calor enim vehemens, præ&longs;ertim <lb/>non deficiens materia hoc pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009717">Vnde ne<lb/>facilè tales calue&longs;cunt, aut cane&longs;cunt: cutis <lb/>enim den&longs;ior & calor melius humido domi<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1330"/><lb/>natur. </s>

<s id="s.009718">O&longs;&longs;a quoque duriore & membranas <lb/>duriores habent, & cerebri &longs;ub&longs;tantiam, <lb/>quamobrem &longs;tolidi, & obliuio&longs;i, & indoci<lb/>les, maiore ex parte &longs;unt. </s>

<s id="s.009719">Nam capitis mem<lb/>brana, quæ cerebrum circumambit, te<lb/>nui&longs;&longs;ima in moderatis nece&longs;&longs;ariò e&longs;t, ne ce<lb/>rebrum grauitate lædat, & cò durior, vt <lb/>dilabi &longs;ub&longs;tantiam in concu&longs;&longs;ionibus illius <lb/>non patiatur. </s>

<s id="s.009719">Nam capitis mem<lb/>brana, quæ cerebrum circumambit, te<lb/>nui&longs;&longs;ima in moderatis nece&longs;&longs;ariò e&longs;t, ne ce<lb/>rebrum grauitate lædat, & eò durior, vt <lb/>dilabi &longs;ub&longs;tantiam in concu&longs;&longs;ionibus illius <lb/>non patiatur. </s>

<s id="s.009720">Nec cra&longs;&longs;a e&longs;&longs;e pote&longs;t ab&longs;que <lb/>cerebri iactura, ni & cerebrum ip&longs;um cra&longs;<lb/>&longs;ius iu&longs;to &longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.009721">Atque illi membrana alia cir<lb/>cumponitur, cùm grauare cerebrum non <lb/>po&longs;&longs;et, quòd ab o&longs;&longs;e &longs;u&longs;pendatur, nec cere<lb/>brum ip&longs;um tangat, non &longs;olùm dura, &longs;ed <lb/>etiam cra&longs;&longs;a facta e&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.009762">Dubitabit autem aliquis, cur den&longs;iora te<lb/>nuiora? </s>

<s id="s.009763">Scu ratio haud ob&longs;cura e&longs;t: tenuia <lb/>probè cohærent, nec rimas aut fi&longs;tulas admit<lb/>tunt, ob id den&longs;a redduntur. </s>

<s id="s.009763">Seu ratio haud ob&longs;cura e&longs;t: tenuia <lb/>probè cohærent, nec rimas aut fi&longs;tulas admit<lb/>tunt, ob id den&longs;a redduntur. </s>

<s id="s.009764">Concoctio igi<lb/>tur, quæ excrementa &longs;eparat, attenuat, ac <lb/>conden&longs;ati, modoque grauius, modò leuius <lb/>efficit: vbi parum, aut nihil &longs;eparat, gra<lb/>uius reddit, vt in fructibus, qui maturi gra<lb/>uiores fiunt. </s>

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<s id="s.009796">Bri<lb/>tannia humidum habet aërem <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> tepidum, <lb/>ac putredini ob &longs;al&longs;edinem minimè <expan abbr="obnoxi&utilde;">obnoxium</expan>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009797">Victus verò ratio ex lacte, diuturnitati vi<lb/>tæ maximè conducit: &longs;crip&longs;it enim Hippo<lb/>crates, imbecilliores cibi breuem vitam fa<lb/>ciunt. </s>

<s id="s.009798">Quicunque igitur den&longs;iores &longs;unt, diu<lb/>tius viuunt ac den&longs;itati huic non mollities, <lb/>&longs;ed laxitas opponitur. </s>

<s id="s.009799">Molles igitur etiam <lb/>longæuæ vitæ e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;unt, laxi vix, aut non <lb/>&longs;ine magnis incommodis: quippe mollitiem <lb/>ef&longs;ugere non licebat homini, laxitatem li<lb/>cuit. </s>

<s id="s.009799">Molles igitur etiam <lb/>longæuæ vitæ e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;unt, laxi vix, aut non <lb/>&longs;ine magnis incommodis: quippe mollitiem <lb/>effugere non licebat homini, laxitatem li<lb/>cuit. </s>

<s id="s.009800">Nam præter id quòd homo humidi&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mus futurus erat, exper&longs;que quantum fieri <lb/>pote&longs;t terrenæ partis, atque ob id mollis, <lb/>tum quòd elementa ip&longs;a retu&longs;a e&longs;&longs;ent, ac<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;it commodum, vt facillimè &longs;entiret & <lb/>exqui&longs;itè. </s>

<s id="s.009801">Ob id pueri &longs;en&longs;ibus vigent, & <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1342"/><lb/>inter viros molliori carne præditi, & inter <lb/>membra cerebrum molle e&longs;t, quoniam &longs;en<lb/>&longs;um omnium ba&longs;is e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009802">Sed vt ad vitæ &longs;pa<lb/>cia redeam, Indi natura diuti&longs;&longs;imè viuunt, <lb/>adeò vt in quibu&longs;dam regionibus alij cen<lb/>tum, alij centum viginti, alij centum quin<lb/>quaginta annis viuant. </s>

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<s id="s.009813">Hæc igitur &longs;unt &longs;ubtilitatis præmia. </s>

<s id="s.009814">Sed <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1344"/><lb/>vide quantum etiam in generatiene ip&longs;a <lb/>&longs;ubtilitas præbeat, auxilij, initio ab oui <lb/>exemplo ducto. </s>

<s id="s.009814">Sed <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1344"/><lb/>vide quantum etiam in generatione ip&longs;a <lb/>&longs;ubtilitas præbeat, auxilij, initio ab oui <lb/>exemplo ducto. </s>

<s id="s.009815">Primùm igitur calore fo<lb/>uente gallinæ, &longs;emel illud in fi&longs;tulas pau<lb/>latim oui candidum vertit, tum verò & lu<lb/>tei aliquid, nam alæ & crura ex luteo <expan abbr="fi&utilde;t">fiunt</expan>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009816">Indicio e&longs;t, quòd pulli qui ex ouo, cuius lu<lb/>tea duo &longs;unt, ab&longs;que &longs;epiente membrana, ca<lb/>pite vno, &longs;ed quatuor alis, & totidem pe<lb/>dibus na&longs;cuntur, <expan abbr="arbitrãturque">arbitranturque</expan> prodigium, <lb/>quale olim Mediolani contigit. </s>

<s id="s.009817">Itaque quic<lb/>quid bullis refertum e&longs;t agitatur & &longs;iccatur, <lb/>tran&longs;itque in membranas, neruos & duriores <lb/>partes: quòd igitur primò fit, e&longs;t arteria ac <lb/>vena, <expan abbr="locu&longs;q;">locu&longs;que</expan> cordis con&longs;tat vbi <expan abbr="&longs;em&etilde;">&longs;emen</expan> ip&longs;um <lb/>e&longs;t: quapropter cùm &longs;emen in medio &longs;it ani<lb/>malis, quod primò gignitur, in medio <expan abbr="cõ&longs;i&longs;te-re">con&longs;i&longs;te<lb/>re</expan> decet. </s>

<s id="s.009818">Hoc <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> cor, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> iecur. </s>

<s id="s.009819">Quòd verò <lb/>circa membranas adiacet, minus e&longs;t &longs;iccum, <lb/>propterea interius vna membrana circum<lb/>cingit omnia, & circumquaque o&longs;&longs;a mem<lb/>btana tegi nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009820">Igitur eadem ratio <lb/>fuit nece&longs;&longs;itatis in generatione, & vtilita<lb/>tis in genitis, vt &longs;cilicet àb extremis duri&longs;<lb/>&longs;imis, ad molli&longs;&longs;ima per media tran&longs;itus <lb/>e&longs;&longs;et. </s>

<s id="s.009821">Cùm verò amplius calor augetur, &longs;pi<lb/>ritus qua&longs;i terebrat materiam, quæ ab ouo <lb/>vel à matre &longs;uppeditatur, donec ad oui <lb/>membranam perueniat: in quadrupede verò <lb/>viuiparum pariente ad vterum. </s>

<s id="s.009822">Igitur calidi<lb/>tas & motus, tum fi&longs;tula, & &longs;iccatio, & for<lb/>matio &longs;e inuicem con&longs;equunrur, donec ani<lb/>perficiatur. </s>

<s id="s.009822">Igitur calidi<lb/>tas & motus, tum fi&longs;tula, & &longs;iccatio, & for<lb/>matio &longs;e inuicem con&longs;equuntur, donec ani <lb/>perficiatur. </s>

<s id="s.009823">Nec &longs;emper calor animalis ne<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;arius e&longs;t, &longs;ed in quidam &longs;eruatur in ouis, <lb/>velut pi&longs;cium: in aliis nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t, vt in <expan abbr="v&etilde;-tre">ven<lb/>tre</expan> educantur f&oelig;tus, vt in viperis: quibu&longs;<lb/>dam oua exclu&longs;a iuncta manent corpori, do<lb/>nec na&longs;cuntur f&oelig;tus, vt in cancris: in aliis <lb/>&longs;imile calori materno quiddam &longs;ufficit: vnde <lb/>&longs;ic &longs;ine gallina pullos ex ouis educunt. </s>

<s id="s.009824">Pul<lb/>uinaria duo reple &longs;tercore gallinarum te<lb/>nui&longs;&longs;imè trito, inde plumas gallinarum an<lb/>necte con&longs;uetudo vtrique molles, ac den<lb/>&longs;as, oua verò capite tenuiore &longs;uprà extante, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1345"/><lb/>colloca &longs;uper alterum puluinar, deinde re<lb/>liquum &longs;uperpone in loco calido, permitte<lb/>que immota duobus diebus, pò&longs;t verò ad vi<lb/>ge&longs;imam v&longs;que diem illa &longs;ic verte, vt vn<lb/>dique æqualiter foueantur, inde &longs;tata die, <lb/>quæ iuxta vige&longs;imam primam e&longs;t, pipil<lb/>lantes iam ex ouo &longs;èn&longs;im educito. </s>

<s id="s.009825">Nec <lb/>mirum, cùm Ari&longs;toteles narret Syracu&longs;is <lb/>&longs;ub terra foueri, in Ægypto verò nullo au<lb/>xilio pror&longs;us. </s>

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<s id="s.009831">Ergo neque omnia generant, neque maior <lb/>pars, &longs;iquidem, paucioribus tantus calor in<lb/>e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009832">Indigent igitur exiguo calore, non plu<lb/>rimo: &longs;ed exiguus ille &longs;eruari debet. </s>

<s id="s.009833">Ete<lb/>nim &longs;i ab ignis calore quod pote&longs;tate viuit, <lb/>viuere verè po&longs;&longs;et, non &longs;olùm in Ægypto, <lb/>& Syracu&longs;is, &longs;ed etiam in Germania pulli <lb/>ignis auxilio educerentur. </s>

<s id="s.009834">Quippe anima<lb/>lium corpora antequàm perficiantur, poten<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1346"/><lb/>tia &longs;unt ad animam, eamque &longs;u&longs;cipere <expan abbr="prõ-pta">pron<lb/>pta</expan>: cùm verò &longs;u&longs;ceperint, ad ip&longs;as actio<lb/>nes. </s>

<s id="s.009834">Quippe anima<lb/>lium corpora antequàm perficiantur, poten<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1346"/><lb/>tia &longs;unt ad animam, eamque &longs;u&longs;cipere <expan abbr="prõ-pta">prom<lb/>pta</expan>: cùm verò &longs;u&longs;ceperint, ad ip&longs;as actio<lb/>nes. </s>

<s id="s.009835">Quie&longs;cunt autem per &longs;e, & hoc quam<lb/>diu durat, &longs;omnus dicitur: cum verò quie&longs;<lb/>cunt, quia abe&longs;t obiectum, tunc verè non <lb/>quie&longs;cunt, &longs;ed requie potiuntur. </s>

<s id="s.009836">Dum verò <lb/>complentur formæ, dumque res generatur, <lb/>imperfectas formas, ab&longs;que numero &longs;ubit: <lb/>&longs;ed quia illæ non agno&longs;cuntur, ni&longs;i per pro<lb/>pria accidentia, &longs;en&longs;us illarum numerum <lb/>haud comprehendit. </s>

<s id="s.009837">Igitur imperfectæ for<lb/>mæ numero &longs;unt infinitæ, perfectæ autem <lb/>in <expan abbr="vnoquoq;">vnoquoque</expan> æuo <expan abbr="compreh&etilde;di">comprehendi</expan> numero po&longs;<lb/>&longs;unt. </s>

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<s id="s.009862">Manife&longs;tum e&longs;t igitur qui &longs;int morbi <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1350"/><lb/>contagio&longs;i: circa cutim, vt lepra, p&longs;ora, &longs;ca<lb/>bies, vitilige: circa pulmones vlcera, & pe<lb/>ctus, & fauces, & genitalia membra, vt Gal<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1351"/><lb/>lica lues: circa cor & cerebrum, pe&longs;tilentes <lb/>morbi & oculorum inflammationes. </s>

<s id="s.009863">Sed re<lb/>deo vnde digre&longs;&longs;us &longs;um. </s>

<s id="s.009864">Vita hominis lon<lb/>gi&longs;&longs;ima nece&longs;&longs;aria fuit ad omnium contem<lb/>plationem, atque &longs;cientiam: hæc plerunque <lb/>finitur, &longs;i non antè, annum iuxta <expan abbr="cente&longs;im&utilde;">cente&longs;imum</expan> <lb/>atque vige&longs;imum. </s>

<s id="s.009865">Sed rarò eò abque <expan abbr="incõ-modo">incon<lb/>modo</expan> magno peruenire contingit: referunt <lb/>tamen Mo&longs;en ad eam ætatem, ab&longs;que detri<lb/>mento perueni&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.009865">Sed rarò eò abque <expan abbr="incõ-modo">incom<lb/>modo</expan> magno peruenire contingit: referunt <lb/>tamen Mo&longs;en ad eam ætatem, ab&longs;que detri<lb/>mento perueni&longs;&longs;e. </s>

<s id="s.009866">Siquidem neque oculus <lb/>debilitatus e&longs;t, nec excidit dens, quæ duo ma<lb/>ximè incommodo &longs;enes vexare &longs;olent: mul<lb/>toque minus <expan abbr="mir&utilde;">mirum</expan> e&longs;t, cùm plures ex Iudæis <lb/>po&longs;t ip&longs;um ad eam ætatem, licet non adeò <lb/>integri, peruenerint. </s>

<s id="s.009867">Mo&longs;en enim præter di<lb/>uinitatem præclarum virum, qui tot annis <lb/>populum adeò contumacem & rudem rexe<lb/>rit, fui&longs;&longs;e exi&longs;timandum e&longs;t, qui legem adeò <lb/>vtilem illis tradiderit. </s>

<s id="s.009868">Verùm vitæ longitu<lb/>do Iudæis contingit ob victus rationem, cùm <lb/>à &longs;ordidis caueant, & c&oelig;li &longs;ub quo olim <lb/>degebant temperiem. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1352"/></s>

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<s id="s.009877">Si<lb/>ne anterioribus verò cùm ip&longs;i &longs;cilicet exci<lb/>di&longs;&longs;ent, po&longs;tremorum nullus erat v&longs;us. </s>

<s id="s.009878">Ergo <lb/>o&longs;&longs;ibus &longs;icce&longs;centibus radices extenuari illo<lb/>rum nece&longs;&longs;e fuit, nec &longs;tare poterant, cùm vn<lb/>dique ab o&longs;&longs;e non comprehendantur: qua<lb/>mobrem non plus e&longs;t po&longs;&longs;ibile homini den<lb/>tium carere <expan abbr="incõmodo">incommodo</expan>, quàm &longs;enio, aut mor<lb/>te. </s>

<s id="s.009879">Porrò &longs;iccitatem o&longs;&longs;is procurat continuus <lb/>labor cerebri, vnde mala coctio, & partium <lb/>adiacentium præcox &longs;enecta: igitur <expan abbr="d&etilde;tes">dentes</expan> &longs;ca<lb/>bros fieri, & tandem decidere nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009880"><expan abbr="Decid&utilde;t">Decidunt</expan> autem &longs;emel in pueritia denuo na&longs;<lb/>cituri, quoniam radix non excidit. </s>

<s id="s.009881">E&longs;t enim <lb/>o&longs;&longs;i mandibulæ ob illius mollitiem iuncta, in <lb/>iam adultis autem plerunque &longs;imul excidit <lb/>etiam radix. </s>

<s id="s.009882">Sed &longs;i &longs;olùm frangrantur, & <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>abimo rur&longs;us rena&longs;cuntur. </s>

<s id="s.009883">Videntur autem <lb/>canibus, & aliis animalibus diuturniores, ac <lb/>firmiores, ob vitæ illorum breuitatem. </s>

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<s id="s.009890"><margin.target id="marg1353"/>Panis genera <lb/>quinque.</s>

<s id="s.009891">Diximus de potuum varietate, pudeat ni<lb/>&longs;i de panibus etiam dicamus: omitto quòd <lb/>paucæ gentes pane ex pi&longs;cibus &longs;iccatis, & <lb/>malo tritis, inde &longs;nbactis aqua, vt mos e&longs;t, <lb/>vtantur. </s>

<s id="s.009892">Quinque &longs;unt è quibus panis fieri <lb/>&longs;olet: iuxta Boream è &longs;iligine, in temperatis, <lb/>ac calidis regionibus è tritico. </s>

<s id="s.009893">Sed duplex <lb/>triticum, A&longs;ianum, quod no&longs;tro nigrius, le<lb/>uius, ac dulcius exi&longs;tit: nec in &longs;picis na&longs;citur, <lb/>&longs;ed velut milium in coma: nec tamen adeò <lb/>molli, cùm eam plures compleant &longs;picæ. </s>

<s id="s.009894">In <lb/>occidentali verò India Maizo &longs;emine panem <lb/>conficiunt, ex quo etiam vinum. </s>

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<s id="s.009905">In locis quibus <lb/>frumento vtimur, &longs;iligo vades e&longs;t: &longs;i illud de<lb/>ficiat, præs e&longs;t milium pro vtroque. </s>

<s id="s.009906"><margin.target id="marg1355"/>Hynca mor<lb/>tiferum ve<lb/>nenum & <lb/>&longs;alutaris. </s>

<s id="s.009906"><margin.target id="marg1355"/>Hyuca mor<lb/>tiferum ve<lb/>nenum & <lb/>&longs;alutaris. </s>

<s id="s.009907">Vt verò ratio panis generaliter habeatur, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1356"/><lb/>eaque habita, ex quot, quibu&longs;que con&longs;tare <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it, intelligamus, nece&longs;&longs;arium exi&longs;timo <lb/>&longs;cire, quæ propria &longs;int illius. </s>

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<s id="s.009916"><margin.target id="marg1358"/>Guanaba<lb/>nus.</s>

<s id="s.009917">Iam verò &longs;ingula, ac propria quædam <lb/>&longs;unt vniuer&longs;is gentibus, in communi tamen <lb/>ratione conueniunt, non &longs;olùm in his, quæ <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1359"/><lb/>ad naturam pertinent, &longs;ec etiam in moribus. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009918">Pane omnes vtuntur, materia tamen ex qua <lb/>conficitur, varia e&longs;t: omnes potu quodam <lb/>vtuntur &longs;alutari, iucundoque: hic alius ta<lb/>men, atque alius e&longs;t pro regione. </s>

<s id="s.009919">Ita omnes <lb/>fermè dum coniuncti, ac nece&longs;&longs;arij moriun<lb/>tur, dolorem o&longs;tendunt, mutantque con&longs;ue<lb/>tam viuendi, & cultus rationem: quo fit vt <lb/>alij barbam nutrant, qui non nutrire &longs;ole<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1360"/><lb/>bant: alij capillos, qui ton&longs;i erant: alij ton<lb/>dent capillos, qui nutriebant, vt mulieres: <lb/>alij barbam ponunt, qui nutrire &longs;olebant: <lb/>quibus pulla in v&longs;u e&longs;t, his funebris e&longs;t can<lb/>dida: quibus &longs;plendida, his atra. </s>

<s id="s.009920">Ita vidimus <lb/>luctus eandem e&longs;&longs;e rationem omnibus, di<lb/>uer&longs;as tamen e&longs;&longs;e luctus con&longs;uetudines. </s>

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<s id="s.009923">Sum enim <lb/>meorum plus quàm par e&longs;t, amans natura: <lb/>vnde &longs;oror matris meæ Tomaxina, cùm con<lb/>iugem, & duos filios ac filias totidem pe&longs;te <lb/>ami&longs;i&longs;&longs;et, & neque flere, aut lamentari ex <lb/>more volui&longs;&longs;et, verecundia &longs;orori patris <lb/>mei viri grauis & a&longs;peri, repentè magno <lb/>edito crepitu di&longs;rupta intus mortua cecidit. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009924">Alios &longs;cio qui febre pernicio&longs;a, ob luctum <lb/>fratris di&longs;&longs;imulatum correpti, breui interie<lb/>re. </s>

<s id="s.009925">Et vt res optimè cedat, nec mors &longs;equa<lb/>tur, cohibiti luctus certum præmium canities <pb pagenum="564" xlink:href="016/01/213.jpg"/>e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009926">Quamobrem vbi paululum impetus re<lb/>&longs;ederit, philo&longs;ophia te munias, obduraque <lb/>aduerfus dolores illius præceptis. </s>

<s id="s.009926">Quamobrem vbi paululum impetus re<lb/>&longs;ederit, philo&longs;ophia te munias, obduraque <lb/>aduer&longs;us dolores illius præceptis. </s>

<s id="s.009927">Sed illico <lb/>hæc meditari à dolore, neque facilè, neque <lb/>tutum e&longs;t: </s>

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<s id="s.009930"><margin.target id="marg1361"/>Tria qua li<lb/>berant homi<lb/>nem in luctu <lb/>con&longs;titutum<lb/>à periculo. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009931">Mors repen <lb/>tina ob lu<lb/>ctum &longs;iocum. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009931">Mors repen<lb/>tina ob lu<lb/>ctum &longs;iccum. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009932">Damna cohi<lb/>biti luctus.</s>

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<s id="s.009952">Nam con&longs;tat libros Galeni plurimos, tum <lb/>cæterorum in Arabicam linguam tran&longs;latos <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e, quibus nos caremus. </s>

<s id="s.009953">Et horum etiam <lb/>pars a&longs;que Græco exemplari apud nos e&longs;t, <lb/>quamvis perexigua. </s>

<s id="s.009954">Multa perierunt incu<lb/>ria, alia &longs;eruantur etiam abditis in locis. </s>

<s id="s.009955">Re<lb/>fert Mun&longs;terus, in Fuldæ ciuitatis Germaniæ <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1364"/><lb/>c&oelig;nobio, quod templo adiacet principali, in <lb/>quo beatus Bonifacius, qui Germanos ad <lb/>Chri&longs;ti fidem vertit, &longs;itus e&longs;t, bibliothe<lb/>cam e&longs;&longs;e à Carolo Magno annis iam &longs;eptin<lb/>gentis in&longs;tructam omni librorum genere, at<lb/>que adhud extare. </s>

<s id="s.009956">Ita latent vndique monu<lb/>menta magnorum virorum, lingui&longs;que &longs;er<lb/>uantur, modò non indigenarum, modò ne<lb/>que propriis. </s>

<s id="s.009957">E&longs;t enim Germanis idem tri<lb/>plex v&longs;us linguarum qui omnibus aliis. </s>

<s id="s.009958">Nec <lb/>&longs;olùm legendi, &longs;cribendiquenotis, ac loquen<lb/>di differunt gentes, &longs;ed & &longs;cribendi modis. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1365"/><lb/>Nam Latini à dextra in &longs;ini&longs;tram, Hebræi à <lb/>&longs;ini&longs;tra tendunt &longs;cribentes in dextram. </s>

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<s id="s.009984">Emaculantur igitur primùm dentes tar<lb/>taro in aquam mutato, dum marmoreo <lb/>va&longs;e &longs;epelitur. </s>

<s id="s.009985">Idem ex aqua, quæ primò de<lb/>cidit ex de&longs;tillatione haliniri, alumini&longs;que. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009985">Idem ex aqua, quæ primò de<lb/>cidit ex de&longs;tillatione halinitri, alumini&longs;que. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.009986">Sen&longs;im quoque mundantur, &longs;i radice ma<lb/>luæ a&longs;&longs;iduè fricentur. </s>

<s id="s.009987">Et illud præ&longs;tanti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mum, quòd mollitiem gingiuas non ero<lb/>dit, & dentes ob a&longs;peritatem purgat, exper<lb/>tumque e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.009988">Cru&longs;ta panis tantum aduritur, <lb/>vt vertatur in carbones, deinde contu&longs;a af<lb/>fricentur dentes, aquaque nitida lauentur. </s>

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<s id="s.009997">Pinguedini recenti quan<lb/>tum ponderis habet, atque in&longs;uper dimi<lb/>dium amarici, maioranam vulgus vocat, aut <lb/>ro&longs;arum, aut myrti foliorum, aut cyperi <lb/>contundendo immi&longs;ce, & in pa&longs;tillos diui<lb/>de, recondéque mero &longs;pargens in va&longs;e con<lb/>clu&longs;a in vmbra per horas 24. plus, minu&longs;<lb/>ve: inde aqua &longs;uperiniecta pa&longs;tillis coque <lb/>leniter, atque cola. </s>

<s id="s.009998">Inde rur&longs;us cùm dimi<lb/>dio maiore pondere eiu&longs;dem odoratæ her<lb/>bæ quali&longs;cunque fuerit in mundo va&longs;e con<lb/>tu&longs;am, & in fru&longs;ta diui&longs;am reponito, per<lb/>mittóque coniectam horis totidem. </s>

<s id="s.009999">De<lb/>mùm fru&longs;ta collecta &longs;uperiniecta aqua co<lb/>quito, reponitóque colatam, denuò addens <lb/>odoratam herbam: ac id dum ter, quaterve <lb/>feceris, odorémque combiberit, quod puri&longs;<lb/>&longs;imum e&longs;t, &longs;eruato, addens &longs;i libet garyo<lb/>phyllum, crocúmve, aut mo&longs;chum, aut <lb/>zibethum. </s>

<s id="s.010000">Semper autem vino fru&longs;ta a&longs;<lb/>pergi debent eoque odorato, vt melius odo<lb/>rem pinguedo combibat. </s>

<s id="s.010001">Aliter pinguedo <lb/>cum vino, cui odorata infu&longs;a fuerint, &longs;æ<lb/>pius excoquitur, donec odorem &longs;u&longs;ceperit: <lb/>nam vinum celerius aqua, & odorem pro<lb/>prium pinguedinis tollit, & aromatum odo<lb/>re illam imbuit, & ne putre&longs;cat aut ranci<lb/>da fiat, quod ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"/>)<emph.end type="italics"/> vitium pinguedi<lb/>num proprium e&longs;t, magis prohibet. </s>

<s id="s.010002">Huius <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1374"/><lb/>generis e&longs;t compo&longs;itio pigmentariorum po<lb/>mata appellata, quæ molles manus reddit, <lb/>prohibet rugas, atque &longs;ci&longs;&longs;uras in eis, tum <lb/>lab is, & odorem bonum præ&longs;tat. </s>

<s id="s.010003">Et &longs;ca<lb/>biem pellit, maximè &longs;i &longs;tyrax, quam liqui<lb/>dam vocant, tertia ex parte addatur. </s>

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<s id="s.010016">Ea <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> &longs;unt mon&longs;tra. </s>

<s id="s.010017">Horum plura &longs;unt <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1375"/><lb/>genera, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> enim in &longs;pecies referuntur, <expan abbr="quã-obrem">quan<lb/>obrem</expan> in <expan abbr="finitar&utilde;">finitarum</expan> &longs;unt &longs;pecierum. </s>

<s id="s.010017">Horum plura &longs;unt <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1375"/><lb/>genera, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> enim in &longs;pecies referuntur, <expan abbr="quã-obrem">quam<lb/>obrem</expan> in <expan abbr="finitar&utilde;">finitarum</expan> &longs;unt &longs;pecierum. </s>

<s id="s.010018">Referunt in <lb/>Cracouia infantem natum cum promu&longs;cide <lb/>na&longs;i loco, oculis rotundis atque alatis, auri<lb/>bus a&longs;ininis, aliis duobus oculis &longs;upra vmbi<lb/>licum, cauda muris, &longs;ed bifida, <expan abbr="adeóq;">adeóque</expan> longa, <lb/>vt caput &longs;uperexcederet, manus <expan abbr="pedé&longs;q;">pedé&longs;que</expan> qua<lb/>ternis digitis, ad vnguem accipitris digitis <lb/>&longs;imillimis, &longs;ed tres membranæ velut an&longs;eri<lb/>ni colligabantur. </s>

<s id="s.010019">Sub alis, & intra cubitos, <lb/>& &longs;upra genua &longs;ingula capita canum pro<lb/>minebant, vt e&longs;&longs;ent omninò numero &longs;ex. </s>

<s id="s.010020">Su<lb/>peruixi&longs;&longs;e tribus horis ferunt tam <expan abbr="horrend&utilde;">horrendum</expan> <lb/>mon&longs;trum: adeò vt mirari minimè opus &longs;it, <lb/>quòd Pau&longs;anias dicat, &longs;ua ætate mulieres <lb/>mon&longs;tra peperi&longs;&longs;e Minotauro longè horri<lb/>biliora Sed tamen illud mirum e&longs;t, quòd de <lb/>his tanquam de &longs;uperuicturis mentionem <lb/>fecerit: nam Minotaurus, &longs;i modò fabula non <lb/>e&longs;t, quod magis reor, &longs;uperuixi&longs;&longs;e v&longs;que ad <lb/>adultam fertur ætatem. </s>

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<s id="s.010023">Superuixit hoc mon&longs;trum tamen v&longs;que ad <lb/>annum decimum. </s>

<s id="s.010024">Altera mortua, atque ab <lb/>alia viuente exci&longs;a, quæ &longs;upererat, & ip&longs;a <lb/>mortua e&longs;t: &longs;eu timore, &longs;eu pedore, &longs;eu ani<lb/>mi mole&longs;tia, quam mi&longs;era, dum altera egro<lb/>taret contabe&longs;cens &longs;u&longs;ceperat, extincta &longs;it, <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1376"/><lb/>incertum e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.010025">Certius illud e&longs;t, quòd à mul<lb/>tis quæ&longs;itum e&longs;t &longs;æpiùs, prægnantium affe<lb/>ctus f&oelig;tus, qui in vtero &longs;unt po&longs;&longs;e vitiare: <lb/>vnde tot maculæ infantibus vini, &longs;u illæ cu<lb/>tis, punicorum malorum, ac talium. </s>

<s id="s.010026">Nam <lb/>quum mater harum puellarum concu&longs;&longs;a ti<lb/>more imaginem collifi capitis retineret, ca<lb/>pita puellarum in vnum coierunt. </s>

<s id="s.010026">Nam <lb/>quum mater harum puellarum concu&longs;&longs;a ti<lb/>more imaginem colli&longs;i capitis retineret, ca<lb/>pita puellarum in vnum coierunt. </s>

<s id="s.010027">Neque <lb/>enim id concu&longs;&longs;ione &longs;ola factum credide<lb/>rim, quanquam non parum ad hoc contu<lb/>lerit: quoniam &longs;æpius mulieres maiore im<lb/>petu collidunt ventrem, quàm tunc quum <lb/>caput illa colli&longs;it: nec tamen gemini vnà <lb/>coëunt. </s>

<s id="s.010028">Nam &longs;i modò concu&longs;io cau&longs;a hu<lb/>ius fuit, non iam capitis, &longs;ed dum caput <lb/>alliditur, dor&longs;i, vel ventris. </s>

<s id="s.010029">Superuixi&longs;&longs;e ex <lb/>mon&longs;tris &longs;olum eum con&longs;tat, qui puelli <lb/>medietatem ab vmbilico inferius incertam <lb/>habuit, adeò vt penè puelli <expan abbr="&etilde;tiam">entiam</expan> min<lb/>geret. </s>

<s id="s.010030">Circumuagabatur hoc mon&longs;trum, <lb/>iuuenis vige&longs;imum quintum annum præfe<lb/>rebat, puelli pars in&longs;erta qualis agentis <lb/>decimum annum, &longs;eu crura, &longs;eu pedes in&longs;pi<lb/>ceres. </s>

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<s id="s.010103">An igitur <lb/>calor, an anima? </s>

<s id="s.010104">Melius e&longs;t igitur calorem <lb/>dicere, vt in&longs;trumentum, animam autem <lb/>vt primum mouens<emph type="italics"/>:<emph.end type="italics"/> neque enim calor in <lb/>contraria diducere aliquid pote&longs;t, anima ve<lb/>rò pote&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.010105">Similis igitur e&longs;t c&oelig;li motui, & <lb/>quòd ab anima, & quòd reditum habet, & <lb/>quia nunquam ce&longs;&longs;at, & æqualis e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.010106">Sed ta<lb/>men hic compo&longs;itus extractu, & impul&longs;u, <lb/>ille &longs;implex: hic non circularis, &longs;ed à cen<lb/>tro, & ad centrum, ille circularis: hic pro <lb/>a&longs;fectibus mutatur, ille e&longs;t ab&longs;que muta<lb/>tione: hic medio caloris fit, ille ab anima <lb/>ip&longs;a: reliquæ differentiæ inter hunc, & il<lb/>lum &longs;unt mortalitatis detrimenta. </s>

<s id="s.010106">Sed ta<lb/>men hic compo&longs;itus extractu, & impul&longs;u, <lb/>ille &longs;implex: hic non circularis, &longs;ed à cen<lb/>tro, & ad centrum, ille circularis: hic pro <lb/>affectibus mutatur, ille e&longs;t ab&longs;que muta<lb/>tione: hic medio caloris fit, ille ab anima <lb/>ip&longs;a: reliquæ differentiæ inter hunc, & il<lb/>lum &longs;unt mortalitatis detrimenta. </s>

<s id="s.010107">Porrò ani, <lb/>mi affectus calorem mouent, inde in&longs;tru<lb/>mento moto cordis corpus moueri nece&longs;&longs;e <lb/>e&longs;t, ita ex &longs;olis animi affectibus totum cor<lb/>pus manife&longs;tè immutatur. </s>

<s id="s.010108">Affectus verò ip&longs;i <lb/>ad nos per &longs;en&longs;us adueniunt, de quibus nunc <lb/>dicendum e&longs;t. </s>

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<s id="s.010119">Quæ autem pro<lb/>xima, vel exterius occurrunt, horumque gra<lb/>tia &longs;en&longs;us tactus e&longs;t con&longs;titutus: vel intùs <lb/>a&longs;&longs;umuntur, & ea cùm non ni&longs;i nobis vo<lb/>lentibus intus a&longs;&longs;umantur, olfactu antea ex<lb/>plorare &longs;atis e&longs;t: nam iam a&longs;&longs;umpta, gu&longs;tus <lb/>depræhendit. </s>

<s id="s.010120">Ea verò quæ non tanguntur, <lb/>occurrunt autem, vt fugere po&longs;&longs;emus, cum <lb/>directè obuiant, vi&longs;u præuidentur: cum au<lb/>tem ex obliquo, aërem mouere coguntur <lb/>atque &longs;trepitum facere, cui auditus præfici<lb/>tur. </s>

<s id="s.010121">Manife&longs;tum e&longs;t igitur, quòd quinque <lb/>&longs;en&longs;ibus opus nobis, & animalibus perfe<lb/>ctioribus erat: &longs;extum autem &longs;i natura con<lb/>&longs;titui&longs;&longs;et, nulli v&longs;ui futurum. </s>

<s id="s.010122">Itaque tantum <lb/>erunt quinque &longs;enfius. </s>

<s id="s.010122">Itaque tantum <lb/>erunt quinque &longs;en&longs;ius. </s>

<s id="s.010123">Tentauit & hoc Ari<lb/>&longs;toteles demon&longs;trare, &longs;ed communibus a&longs;<lb/>&longs;umptionibus v&longs;us e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.010124">Verum verò præter <lb/>hæc quinque &longs;en&longs;ilia nullum aliud in rebus <lb/>&longs;it, ex finis ratione, quanquam per&longs;picuum <lb/>videatur, magnam tamen habet ambigui<lb/>tatem: ne non lateat aliqua qualitas no<lb/>bis ignota: velut & id quo canes depræ<lb/>hendunt dominos, quanquam ad odorem <lb/>pertinere videatur, an fortè melius e&longs;t ali</s>

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<s id="s.010130"><margin.target id="marg1388"/>Sen&longs;us tactus <lb/>obiecta.</s>

<s id="s.010131"><margin.target id="marg1389"/>Ooulus &longs;ex <lb/>cau&longs;is præ<lb/>&longs;tantior aliis <lb/>&longs;en&longs;ibus.</s>

<s id="s.010131"><margin.target id="marg1389"/>Ouulus &longs;ex <lb/>cau&longs;is præ<lb/>&longs;tantior aliis <lb/>&longs;en&longs;ibus.</s>

<s id="s.010132">Nobili&longs;&longs;imus autem vi&longs;us inter omnia, <lb/>quæ exterius comprehendunt: quòd procul <lb/>magis, quòd plura, quòd exqui&longs;itius, quòd <lb/>celerius, quòd &longs;ub pluribus differentiis, <lb/>quòd diuinius. </s>

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<s id="s.010148">&longs;piritus etiam in calido vel &longs;icco tam tenues <lb/>con&longs;umpti fui&longs;&longs;ent. </s>

<s id="s.010149">Nec nece&longs;&longs;aria fuit &longs;icci<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1393"/><lb/>tas ad continendum &longs;pecies, vt iudicium &longs;e<lb/>quatur, cum lux ac lumen maneant. </s>

<s id="s.010150">Sonus <lb/>verò cùm haud maneat, &longs;eruari in &longs;en&longs;u de<lb/>buit, vt iudicium &longs;equeretur: ob id &longs;onus in <lb/>&longs;icco po&longs;itus fuit. </s>

<s id="s.010151">Igitur quia oculus in fiigi<lb/>do, & humido, odoratus facultas in calido, & <pb pagenum="571" xlink:href="016/01/218.jpg"/>&longs;icco &longs;unt con&longs;tituta, atque in propinquis <lb/>locis, qui benè ac procul vident, debilem <lb/>habent olfactum: & qui benè olfaciunt, <lb/>plerunque haud procul vident: lumine igi<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1394"/><lb/>tur oculus ac colore vtitur. </s>

<s id="s.010151">Igitur quia oculus in frigi<lb/>do, & humido, odoratus facultas in calido, & <pb pagenum="571" xlink:href="016/01/218.jpg"/>&longs;icco &longs;unt con&longs;tituta, atque in propinquis <lb/>locis, qui benè ac procul vident, debilem <lb/>habent olfactum: & qui benè olfaciunt, <lb/>plerunque haud procul vident: lumine igi<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1394"/><lb/>tur oculus ac colore vtitur. </s>

<s id="s.010152">Sed coloris plu<lb/>ra &longs;unt genera. </s>

<s id="s.010153">Ari&longs;toteles in &longs;eptem diui<lb/>dit, ei&longs;que totidem coaptat &longs;apores, vt iu<lb/>cundi&longs;&longs;imi iucundi&longs;&longs;imis, tri&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi tri&longs;ti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mis, medij mediis re&longs;pondeant. </s>

<s id="s.010154">Nos po&longs;t<lb/>quam ad &longs;eptem redegi&longs;&longs;e con&longs;peximus, <lb/>cùm nullum numeris tribuat honorem, rati <lb/>è numero erraticarum &longs;ump&longs;i&longs;&longs;e, erraticis <lb/>colores, & &longs;apores dicauimus. <lb/><emph type="italics"/>Albus flauus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Dulcis pinguis<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Venus<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><emph type="italics"/>Croceus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Au&longs;terus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Iupiter<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><emph type="italics"/>Puniceus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Acerbus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Luna<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><emph type="italics"/>Purpureus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Acidus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Mercurius.<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><emph type="italics"/>Viridis<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Acutus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Sol<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><emph type="italics"/>Caruleus<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Sal&longs;us<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Mars<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><emph type="italics"/>Niger fu&longs;cus.<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Amarus a&longs;per<emph.end type="italics"/> <emph type="italics"/>Saturnus.<emph.end type="italics"/><lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1395"/></s>

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<s id="s.010162">Sed cur non in odoribus ac &longs;onis, & &longs;en<lb/>&longs;ibilibus qualitatibus totidem genera? </s>

<s id="s.010163">In <lb/>&longs;en&longs;ibilibus quidem qualitatibus plura erant <lb/>&longs;en&longs;u&longs;que tactus non vnus e&longs;t: nam &longs;en&longs;us <lb/>tactus quadruplex videtur. </s>

<s id="s.010164">Vnus qui cali<lb/>lidum, frigidum, humens, &longs;iccumque diiu<lb/>dicat. </s>

<s id="s.010164">Vnus qui cali<lb/>dum, frigidum, humens, &longs;iccumque diiu<lb/>dicat. </s>

<s id="s.010165">Secundus, qui dolorem agno&longs;cit, & <lb/>voluptatem. </s>

<s id="s.010166">Tertius autem, qui propriè <lb/>Veneris gaudia percipit, cùm nulla alia cor<lb/>poris parte talem affectum, aut illi &longs;imilem <lb/>&longs;entiamus. </s>

<s id="s.010167">Quartus e&longs;t, qui graue & leue <lb/>di&longs;tinguit. </s>

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<s id="s.010174">Quanta verò po&longs;&longs;it oculus, vel his duo<lb/>bus accipe ex perimentis. </s>

<s id="s.010175">Primò quidem cùm <lb/>&longs;peculo altitudinem, & di&longs;tantiam turris, in<lb/>de etiam profundum maris metiri poteris. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010176">Con&longs;tituto &longs;peculo, cacumen turris ex illo <lb/>in&longs;pice, di&longs;tantiamque à pedibus tuis per vl<lb/>nas metieris: inde loco diligenter &longs;peculi &longs;i<lb/>guato, paululùm per vlnas nu mero cognitas <lb/>recedere à priore loco cum &longs;peculo, tantum<lb/>que teip&longs;um remoue, vt videas rur&longs;us cacu<lb/>men turris. </s>

<s id="s.010176">Con&longs;tituto &longs;peculo, cacumen turris ex illo <lb/>in&longs;pice, di&longs;tantiamque à pedibus tuis per vl<lb/>nas metieris: inde loco diligenter &longs;peculi &longs;i<lb/>gnato, paululùm per vlnas numero cognitas <lb/>recedere à priore loco cum &longs;peculo, tantum<lb/>que teip&longs;um remoue, vt videas rur&longs;us cacu<lb/>men turris. </s>

<s id="s.010177">Di&longs;tantiam igitur locorum &longs;pe<lb/>culi, in di&longs;tantiam &longs;peculi à pedibus in &longs;e<lb/>cundo &longs;itu ducito: & quòd prouenit, diuide <lb/>per differentiam pedum, & &longs;peculi in primo <lb/>atque in &longs;ecundo &longs;itu: & quod exit: e&longs;t nu<lb/>merus vlnarum di&longs;tantiæ &longs;peculi in &longs;ecundo <lb/>&longs;itu ab imo turris. </s>

<s id="s.010178">Hac inuenta altitudinem <lb/>oculi tui ducito in di&longs;tantiam iam inuentam <lb/>&longs;peculi ab imo turris, & hanc diuide per di<lb/>&longs;tantiam &longs;peculi, & pedum tuorum in &longs;ecun<lb/>do &longs;itu, & exiens e&longs;t numerus vlnarum alti<lb/>tudinis. </s>

<s id="s.010179">Exemplum: Sit di&longs;tantia pedum, ac <lb/>&longs;peculi vlnæ duodecim, &longs;itus verò &longs;peculi &longs;e<lb/>cundi à primo vlnarum quatuor, tuncque <lb/>pedes di&longs;tent à &longs;peculo vlnis quatuordecim, <lb/>altitudo verò mea vlnæ &longs;ex: ducito quatuor <lb/>di&longs;tantiam locorum &longs;peculi in quatuorde<lb/>cim di&longs;tantiam &longs;peculi, & pedum in &longs;ecun<lb/>do &longs;itu, & fiunt vlnæ quinquaginta &longs;ex, <lb/>quas diuide per duo, differentiam quatuor<lb/>pecim, & duodecim di&longs;tantiarum pedum, <lb/>& &longs;peculi, exeunt vlnæ viginti octo di&longs;tan<lb/>tiæ &longs;pecali in &longs;ecundo &longs;itu ab imo turris: <lb/>hanc multiplica per &longs;ex altitudinem tuam, <lb/>fiunt centum &longs;exagintaocto: diuide per di<lb/>&longs;tantiam &longs;peculi, & pedum tuorum in &longs;ecun<lb/>do &longs;itu, & fuit quatuordecim: exibunt duo<lb/>decim vlnæ altitudinis turris. </s>

<s id="s.010179">Exemplum: Sit di&longs;tantia pedum, ac <lb/>&longs;peculi vlnæ duodecim, &longs;itus verò &longs;peculi &longs;e<lb/>cundi à primo vlnarum quatuor, tuncque <lb/>pedes di&longs;tent à &longs;peculo vlnis quatuordecim, <lb/>altitudo verò mea vlnæ &longs;ex: ducito quatuor <lb/>di&longs;tantiam locorum &longs;peculi in quatuorde<lb/>cim di&longs;tantiam &longs;peculi, & pedum in &longs;ecun<lb/>do &longs;itu, & fiunt vlnæ quinquaginta &longs;ex, <lb/>quas diuide per duo, differentiam quatuor<lb/>decim, & duodecim di&longs;tantiarum pedum, <lb/>& &longs;peculi, exeunt vlnæ viginti octo di&longs;tan<lb/>tiæ &longs;peculi in &longs;ecundo &longs;itu ab imo turris: <lb/>hanc multiplica per &longs;ex altitudinem tuam, <lb/>fiunt centum &longs;exagintaocto: diuide per di<lb/>&longs;tantiam &longs;peculi, & pedum tuorum in &longs;ecun<lb/>do &longs;itu, & fuit quatuordecim: exibunt duo<lb/>decim vlnæ altitudinis turris. </s>

<s id="s.010180">Eodem modo maris altitudinem metie</s>

<s id="s.010180">Eodem modo maris altitudinem metie<arrow.to.target n="marg1397"/><lb/>mur: Nam po&longs;ito &longs;peculo &longs;upra oculos <lb/>&longs;ic vt lapidem videamus è puppi, quem pro<lb/>ræ &longs;ubiacentem directè exi&longs;timamus, detra<lb/>hemus duplum di&longs;tantiæ pedum à &longs;peculi <lb/>directo, ex &longs;pacio loco lapidis directè &longs;u<lb/>perpo&longs;ito, & pedum tuorum intercepto, <lb/>re&longs;idiuumque ducemus in altitudinem &longs;pe<lb/>culi &longs;upra oculos tuos & quod produci<lb/>tur, diuidemus per di&longs;tantiam pedum duo<lb/>rum & &longs;peculi, exibitque profunditas <lb/>maris. </s>

<s id="s.010181"><arrow.to.target n="marg1397"/><lb/>mur: Nam po&longs;ito &longs;peculo &longs;upra oculos <lb/>&longs;ic vt lapidem videamus è puppi, quem pro<lb/>ræ &longs;ubiacentem directè exi&longs;timamus, detra<lb/>hemus duplum di&longs;tantiæ pedum à &longs;peculi <lb/>directo, ex &longs;pacio loco lapidis directè &longs;u<lb/>perpo&longs;ito, & pedum tuorum intercepto, <lb/>re&longs;idiuumque ducemus in altitudinem &longs;pe<lb/>culi &longs;upra oculos tuos & quod produci<lb/>tur, diuidemus per di&longs;tantiam pedum duo<lb/>rum & &longs;peculi, exibitque profunditas <lb/>maris. </s>

<s id="s.010182"><margin.target id="marg1397"/>Quomodo <lb/>vi&longs;o lapide <lb/>in imo maris <lb/>altitudinem <lb/>illius &longs;cire <lb/>liceat.</s>

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<s id="s.010245"><margin.target id="marg1406"/>Lanceæ expe <lb/>rimentum.</s>

<s id="s.010246"><margin.target id="marg1407"/>Cur in &longs;onis <lb/>omnes &longs;ermè <lb/>homines con<lb/>ueniant, non <lb/>in &longs;aporibus <lb/>aut colori<lb/>bus. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010246"><margin.target id="marg1407"/>Cur in &longs;onis <lb/>omnes fermè <lb/>homines con<lb/>ueniant, non <lb/>in &longs;aporibus <lb/>aut colori<lb/>bus. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010247">Tria omni<lb/>bus &longs;en&longs;ibili<lb/>bus commu<lb/>nia.</s>

<s id="s.010248">Sunt porrò communes omnium &longs;en&longs;ibi<lb/>lium conditiones tres. </s>

<s id="s.010249">Prima, quòd ( vt <lb/>dixi ) proportione con&longs;tent: nam talia no<lb/>ta &longs;unt, & ob id delectant: inde fit, vt eum <lb/>diapo&longs;on dupla con&longs;tet, ea maximè dele<lb/>ctet aures: inde bis diapo&longs;on quadrupla, pò&longs;t <lb/>diapa&longs;on alia diapente tripla, inde diapente <lb/>&longs;e&longs;qui altera, pò&longs;t &longs;e&longs;quitertia diate&longs;&longs;a<lb/>ron. </s>

<s id="s.010250">Ditonus ad &longs;e&longs;quiquartam, & tris <pb pagenum="573" xlink:href="016/01/220.jpg"/>hemitonium &longs;e&longs;quiquintam accedit, dedn<lb/>cta octoge&longs;ima, vt in Arithmeticis docui. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010250">Ditonus ad &longs;e&longs;quiquartam, & tris <pb pagenum="573" xlink:href="016/01/220.jpg"/>hemitonium &longs;e&longs;quiquintam accedit, dedu<lb/>cta octoge&longs;ima, vt in Arithmeticis docui. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010251">Integris etiam penè con&longs;tant proportioni<lb/>bus lex vocum interualla: altera &longs;upertripar<lb/>tiens quintas, reliqua &longs;uperbipartiens ter<lb/>tias habens. </s>

<s id="s.010252">Secunda ratio e&longs;t, quòd mode<lb/>rata omnia placent: non grauis ille ac adeò <lb/>magnus in Hi&longs;paniæ in&longs;ulæ montibus, qui <lb/>homines exurdat, nec qui adeò paruus, vt <lb/>eum, qui audit audiendo fatiget. </s>

<s id="s.010253">Idem de ce<lb/>leri, & tardo, acuto, graui, molli, quódque <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1408"/><lb/>maius e&longs;t, a&longs;pero. </s>

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<s id="s.010269">Ea quoque ratione fit, vt diapente <lb/>in acutis, diate&longs;&longs;aron in grauibus offendat <lb/>aurem, contrario ordine delectet: nam grauis <lb/>vox po&longs;t acutam, ferit aurem ac manet: igi<lb/>tur cùm fuerit grauis &longs;implicior acuta dele<lb/>ctabit: &longs;i contrario modo, aurem offendet. </s>

<s id="s.010270">At <lb/>iam &longs;uprà o&longs;tendimus, &longs;impliciorem e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>con&longs;onantiam diapente, quàm diate&longs;&longs;aron: <lb/>eadem ratione diate&longs;&longs;aron &longs;upra ditonum <lb/>mulcet aurem, infrà lædit: nam faciliùs perci<lb/>pitur &longs;e&longs;quiquarta, quàm &longs;e&longs;quitertia, quòd <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1411"/><lb/>&longs;e&longs;quiquarta à &longs;e&longs;quialtera pendeat. </s>

<s id="s.010271">Igitur <lb/>tam in &longs;onis, quàm picturis, quæ effendunt, <lb/>mi&longs;cenda &longs;unt his, quæ delectant, &longs;ed dupli<lb/>ci lege ob&longs;eruata, prima, vt quæ offendunt, <lb/>minùs imprimant in &longs;en&longs;um his, quæ dele<lb/>ctant: altera, netam minutim di&longs;&longs;ecentur, <lb/>quòd &longs;en&longs;us non percipiat: diximus enim <lb/>con&longs;onantiam, &longs;eu armoniam e&longs;&longs;e plurimum <lb/>vocum, perceptam auri rationem. </s>

<s id="s.010272">Si igitur <lb/>adeò minuti&longs;&longs;imè concidantur, vt non per<lb/>cipiantut à &longs;en&longs;u, non &longs;olùm non delecta<lb/>bunt, &longs;ed etiam offendent. </s>

<s id="s.010272">Si igitur <lb/>adeò minuti&longs;&longs;imè concidantur, vt non per<lb/>cipiantur à &longs;en&longs;u, non &longs;olùm non delecta<lb/>bunt, &longs;ed etiam offendent. </s>

<s id="s.010273">Ideò pictura flo<lb/>rum minuti&longs;&longs;imorum, neque grata e&longs;t, neque <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1412"/><lb/>delectat: &longs;ic nec literæ adeò paruæ. </s>

<s id="s.010274">Sed in his <lb/>tum in gemmarum &longs;culturis minimus er<lb/>ror, vel obliquitas deformes reddit: nam &longs;in<lb/>gula ad comparationem &longs;en&longs;u, diiudicat: ita <lb/>in magnis rebus magnos errores, in paruis <lb/>paruos &longs;entit. </s>

<s id="s.010275">Verùm auditus minores etiam <lb/>agno&longs;cit differentias vi&longs;u, quare & omni <lb/>alio &longs;en&longs;u. </s>

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<s id="s.010305">At verò de &longs;onis, eorúmque affectibus in li<lb/>bris Mu&longs;icæ à nobis abundè tractatum e&longs;t. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1418"/><lb/>Nunc verò tantùm adieci&longs;&longs;e &longs;ufficiat, quòd <lb/>&longs;onus maior eò fit, quò impetu maiore col<lb/>li&longs;io contingit: omnis enim &longs;onus ex colli<lb/>&longs;ione: acutior verò, quò perarctiora loca fer<lb/>tur, quod colliditur. </s>

<s id="s.010306">Indicio &longs;unt glandium <lb/>calyces inter digitos retenti auer&longs;a parte, <lb/>qui vbi vehementer in&longs;ufflaueris, acuti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mos reddunt cibilos, & validi&longs;&longs;imos: acuti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mi quidem ob loci angu&longs;tiam, validi&longs;&longs;imi ob <lb/>impetum. </s>

<s id="s.010307">Sed impetum etiam adiuuat loci <lb/>angu&longs;tia, igitur acuti &longs;oni grauibus longiùs <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1419"/><lb/>exaudiuntur. </s>

<s id="s.010308">Sed qui &longs;pontè fiunt in auribus <lb/>tenuioré&longs;que &longs;unt, quàm qui in tinnitu, cre<lb/>diti &longs;unt aliquid inaugurari, dextra quidem <lb/>laudem, &longs;ini&longs;tta vituperationem aliis in dæ<lb/>monas quorum exiliores e&longs;&longs;e tradunt voces, <lb/>aliis in &longs;en&longs;us acumen referentibus: nam &longs;a<lb/>nis hoc contingit auribus, ac procul à mor<lb/>bi &longs;u&longs;picione. </s>

<s id="s.010308">Sed qui &longs;pontè fiunt in auribus <lb/>tenuioré&longs;que &longs;unt, quàm qui in tinnitu, cre<lb/>diti &longs;unt aliquid inaugurari, dextra quidem <lb/>laudem, &longs;ini&longs;tra vituperationem aliis in dæ<lb/>monas quorum exiliores e&longs;&longs;e tradunt voces, <lb/>aliis in &longs;en&longs;us acumen referentibus: nam &longs;a<lb/>nis hoc contingit auribus, ac procul à mor<lb/>bi &longs;u&longs;picione. </s>

<s id="s.010309">Aliis per vocatam &longs;ympa<lb/>thiam: nam vis ea, quæ alium mouet, mouet <lb/>& &longs;en&longs;um eius, in quem fertur. </s>

<s id="s.010310">Hoc autem <lb/>neque in omnibus, neque &longs;emper. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1420"/></s>

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<s id="s.010329">Nullum verò aliud <lb/>animal odore ip&longs;o oblectatur, &longs;ed homo &longs;o<lb/>lus: nam & &longs;i canes &longs;entiant florum odores, <lb/>non tamen his oblectantur. </s>

<s id="s.010330">Non enim po<lb/>tuerunt, aut expediebat belluas delectari, <lb/>ni&longs;i in gu&longs;tu aut tactu. </s>

<s id="s.010331">His quidem nece&longs;&longs;e <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1423"/><lb/>fuit, vt fame non perirent, aut generationem <lb/>negligerent, aut lædentia non vitarent, &longs;i <lb/>gu&longs;tu, & tactu voluptatem ac dolorem non <lb/>&longs;entirent: &longs;ed in aliis &longs;en&longs;ilibus (vt dixi)non <lb/>potuit e&longs;&longs;e delactatio, aut dolor: quia dele<lb/>ctatio, in cognitione proportionis po&longs;ita e&longs;t <lb/>ip&longs;orum, quæ &longs;entiuntur: vt duplæ, & hemio<lb/>liæ: at has cogno&longs;cere, altioris e&longs;t virtutis <lb/>quam quæ belluis ine&longs;t: igitur nec tri&longs;tari, <lb/>nec dolere, aut delectari potuerunt. </s>

<s id="s.010332">Multò <lb/>minùs etiam expediebat illis: nam facillimè <lb/>allecti picturis, aut &longs;pnis, odoribu&longs;ve, inci<lb/>derent in laqueos. </s>

<s id="s.010332">Multò <lb/>minùs etiam expediebat illis: nam facillimè <lb/>allecti picturis, aut &longs;pinis, odoribu&longs;ve, inci<lb/>derent in laqueos. </s>

<s id="s.010333">Indicio e&longs;t, quòd cerui, <lb/>qui &longs;olùm &longs;tupent, non delectantur lyræ &longs;o<lb/>no, &longs;ic exponuntur in&longs;idiis hominum: & co<lb/>turnices, &longs;imulata f&oelig;minæ voce, & agre&longs;tes <lb/>auiculæ à conclu&longs;is cauea. </s>

<s id="s.010334">Quanta lupis, & <lb/>pi&longs;cibus ex odore iactura, mi&longs;eríque homi<lb/>num dolis &longs;ubiiciuntur. </s>

<s id="s.010335">Sed carere odoratu <lb/>mi&longs;erius fui&longs;&longs;et, quia erat nece&longs;&longs;arius. </s>

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<s id="s.010345"><margin.target id="marg1424"/>Cur &longs;apori<lb/>bus odores <lb/>iungantur. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010346">Allij vis mi. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010346">Allij vis mi<lb/>ra.</s>

<s id="s.010348">Quæ ratio in pipere, & gingibere, ac cina<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1425"/><lb/>momo ob&longs;eruanda, vbi &longs;apor, & odor illo<lb/>rum te delectent, calorem tamen eorum ve<lb/>rearis. </s>

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<s id="s.010361">Quomodo ci<lb/>namomi &longs;e<lb/>muncia in <lb/>totum <expan abbr="ann&utilde;">annum</expan> <lb/>&longs;ufficiat.</s>

<s id="s.010362"><margin.target id="marg1426"/>Vt omnia ce<lb/>leriter, & <lb/>benè <expan abbr="caquã-tur">caquan<lb/>tur</expan>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010362"><margin.target id="marg1426"/>Vt omnia ce<lb/>leriter, & <lb/>benè <expan abbr="caquã-tur">coquan<lb/>tur</expan>. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010363">Vt caro a&longs;&longs;a<lb/>ta benè oleat. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010364">Saporis odor <lb/>e&longs;t indicium. <lb/></s>

<s id="s.010365">Gari de&longs;cri<lb/>ptio.</s>

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<s id="s.010373">Ve<lb/>lut de pane cocto tædæ lignis referunt: eum <lb/>enim odorem à potu remittere Iulius &longs;cali<lb/>ger &longs;crip&longs;it. </s>

<s id="s.010374">Si ei credere fas e&longs;t. </s>

<s id="s.010375">Cau&longs;a ho<lb/>rum e&longs;t, quoniam odores, qui in lingua re&longs;i<lb/>dent, ex potu ad olfactum referuntur, atte<lb/>nuatis partibus: humidum enim faciliùs in <lb/>halitum &longs;oluitur, quàm &longs;iccum. </s>

<s id="s.010376">Ciborum <lb/>autem, qui gu&longs;tum lædunt, &longs;imilem affecto <lb/>in&longs;trumento &longs;aporem referunt: qui non læe<lb/>dunt, vt ab&longs;inthium adueniente potum dum <lb/>amator eluitur, ex doloris &longs;imilitudine deli<lb/>ciæ imaginem præbent. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1427"/></s>

<s id="s.010376">Ciborum <lb/>autem, qui gu&longs;tum lædunt, &longs;imilem affecto <lb/>in&longs;trumento &longs;aporem referunt: qui non læ<lb/>dunt, vt ab&longs;inthium adueniente potum dum <lb/>amator eluitur, ex doloris &longs;imilitudine deli<lb/>ciæ imaginem præbent. <lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg1427"/></s>

<s id="s.010377"><margin.target id="marg1427"/><expan abbr="Acet&utilde;">Acetum</expan> quo<lb/>modo fiat.</s>

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<s id="s.010385">Qua ratione factum e&longs;t, vt & putridum <lb/>vinum in acetum verteretur. </s>

<s id="s.010386">Vinum corru<lb/>p <expan abbr="&utilde;">um</expan> in va&longs;e excoquitur ac de&longs;pumatur a&longs;&longs;i<lb/>duè, donec tertia parte decre&longs;cat: <expan abbr="cõditur">conditur</expan> va<lb/>&longs;is acetum &longs;eruare con&longs;uetis, additis his <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>quæ <expan abbr="acet&utilde;">acetum</expan> facere &longs;olent, qualia &longs;unt, quæ di<lb/>ximus: & præter ea &longs;erpyllum: herba hæc <lb/>nota, & acris, con&longs;iciendóque aceto apti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>ma. </s>

<s id="s.010386">Vinum corru<lb/>p <expan abbr="&utilde;">um</expan> in va&longs;e excoquitur ac de&longs;pumatur a&longs;&longs;i<lb/>duè, donec tertia parte decre&longs;cat: <expan abbr="cõditur">conditur</expan> va<lb/>&longs;is acetum &longs;eruare con&longs;uetis, additis his <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>quæ <expan abbr="acet&utilde;">acetum</expan> facere &longs;olent, qualia &longs;unt, quæ di<lb/>ximus: & præter ea &longs;erpyllum: herba hæc <lb/>nota, & acris, conficiendóque aceto apti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>ma. </s>

<s id="s.010387">Pyra autem agre&longs;tia adeò ad acetum <lb/>con&longs;iciendum valent, vt ex his & aqua etiam <lb/>acetum conficiatur. </s>

<s id="s.010387">Pyra autem agre&longs;tia adeò ad acetum <lb/>conficiendum valent, vt ex his & aqua etiam <lb/>acetum conficiatur. </s>

<s id="s.010388">Nam & aqua ip&longs;a, non <lb/>&longs;olùm vinum in acetum vertitur, te&longs;te Ga<lb/>leno. </s>

<s id="s.010389">Modus autem conficiendi hic e&longs;t: Py</s>

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