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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE archimedes SYSTEM "../dtd/archimedes.dtd"> <archimedes xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <info> <author>Alberti, Leone Battista</author> <title>De re aedificatoria</title> <date>1485</date> <place>Florence</place> <translator/> <lang>la</lang> <cvs_file>alber_reaed_004_la_1485.xml</cvs_file> <cvs_version/> <locator>004.xml</locator> </info> <text> <front> </front> <body> <chap id="N40001A"> <pb xlink:href="004/01/001.jpg"/> <p id="N40001E" type="head"> <s id="N400020">LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE RE AEDIFICA<lb/>TORIA INCIPIT LEGE FELICITER</s> </p> <p id="N400027" type="main"> <s id="N400029"><arrow.to.target n="marg1"/></s> </p> <p id="N40002E" type="margin"> <s id="N400030"><margin.target id="marg1"/>m</s> </p> <p id="N400035" type="main"> <s id="N400037">VLTAS ET VARIAS ARTES QVE <lb/>ad uitam bene beateque <expan abbr="ag&etilde;dam">agendam</expan> faciant &longs;umma <lb/>indu&longs;tria et diligentia conqui&longs;itas nobis ma<lb/>iores no&longs;tri tradidere. </s> <s id="N400044">Quæ omnes et &longs;i ferant <lb/>præ &longs;e: qua&longs;i certatim huc tendere: Vt pluri<lb/>mum generi hominum pro&longs;int: tamen habere <lb/>innatum atque in&longs;itum eas intelligimus quip<lb/>piam: quo &longs;ingulæ &longs;ingulos præceteris diuer&longs;o&longs;que polliceri fruc<lb/>tus uideantur: Nanque artes quidem alias nece&longs;&longs;itate &longs;ectamur: <lb/>alias probamus utilitate: Aliæ uero quod tantum circa res cognitu <lb/>grati&longs;&longs;imas uer&longs;entur in pretio &longs;unt: quales autem hæ &longs;int artes <lb/>non e&longs;t ut pro&longs;equar: in promptu enim &longs;unt: uerum &longs;i repetas ex <lb/>omni maximarum artium numero nullam penitus inuenies: quæ <lb/>non &longs;pretis reliquis &longs;uos quo&longs;dam & proprios fines petat et con<lb/>templetur. </s> <s id="N40005D">Aut &longs;i tandem comperias ullam: quæ cum huiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;it: ut ea carere nullo pacto po&longs;&longs;is: tum et de &longs;e utilitatem: uolup<lb/>tati dignitatique coniunctam præ&longs;tet: meo iudicio ab earum numero <lb/>excludendam e&longs;&longs;e: non duces architecturam: namque ea quidem <lb/>&longs;iquidem rem diligentius pen&longs;itaris et publice & priuatim com<lb/>modi&longs;&longs;ima et uehementer grati&longs;&longs;ima generi hominum e&longs;t: digni<lb/>tateque inter primas non po&longs;trema: Sed <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequam</expan> ultra progrediar: <lb/>explicandum mihi cen&longs;eo quemnam haberi uelim architectum: <lb/>Non enim tignarium adducam <expan abbr="fabrũ">fabrum</expan>: quem tu &longs;ummis cæterarum <lb/>di&longs;ciplinarum uiris compares: Fabri enim manus architecto pro <lb/>in&longs;trumento <expan abbr="&etilde;">esse</expan>. </s> <s id="N400080">Architectum ego hunc fore con&longs;tituam / qui certa <lb/>admirabilique ratione et uia tum mente animoque diffinire: tum et <lb/>opere ab&longs;oluere didicerit quocumque ex ponderum motu corporumque <lb/>compactione et coagmentatione digni&longs;&longs;imis <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> u&longs;ibus bel<lb/>li&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="cõmodentur">commodentur</expan>: Quæ ut po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="cõprehen&longs;ione">comprehen&longs;ione</expan> et cognitione <lb/>opus e&longs;t rerum optimarum et digni&longs;&longs;imarum: Itaque huiu&longs;modi erit <lb/>architectus: redeo ad rem Fuere qui dicerent aquam aut ignem <pb xlink:href="004/01/002.jpg"/>præbui&longs;&longs;e principia: quibus effectum &longs;it ut hominum cetus <expan abbr="celebraren&ttilde;">cele<lb/>brarentur</expan>: Nobis uero tecti parieti&longs;que utilitatem atque nece&longs;&longs;itatem <lb/>&longs;pectantibus ad homines conciliandos atque una continendos / <lb/>maiorem in modum ualui&longs;&longs;e nimirum per&longs;uadebitur: Sed ne Ar<lb/>chitecto ea re &longs;olum debemus / quod tuta optataque diffugia contra <lb/>&longs;olis ardorés Brumam / pruina&longs;que dederit: tam et &longs;i ip&longs;um id haud <lb/><expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaque</expan> minimum beneficium e&longs;t: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quod multa <expan abbr="ĩuenerit">inuenerit</expan> priuatim <lb/>et publice: proculdubio longe utilia: et ad uite u&longs;um iterum <expan abbr="atqueiterũ">atque<lb/> iterum</expan> <expan abbr="acc&etilde;modati&longs;&longs;ima">accommodati&longs;&longs;ima</expan>: Quot familias hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas et ro&longs;tra et <lb/>alie orbis urbes <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> iniuria labefactatas funditus ami&longs;i&longs;&longs;et / <lb/>ni eos patrii lares / qua&longs;i in maiorum &longs;uorum gremio receptos con<lb/>foui&longs;&longs;ent: Dedalum &longs;ua probarunt tempora: uel maxime quod <lb/>apud &longs;elinuntios Antrum ædificarit: ex quo tepens leni&longs;que uapor <lb/>ita efficaret ac colligeretur / ut &longs;udores graui&longs;&longs;imos eliceret: cor<lb/>poraque curaret &longs;umma cum uoluptate: Quid alii <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> multa i&longs;tiu&longs;<lb/>modi <expan abbr="excogitarũt">excogitarunt</expan>: que ad bonam ualitudinem faciant ge&longs;tationes <lb/>natationes: thermas et huiu&longs;modi: Aut quid referam uehicula pi<lb/>&longs;trina horaria et minuta hæc: quæ tamen in uita degenda <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>momenti habent? </s> <s id="N4000F2">Quid aquarum copias ex intimis recondit i&longs;que <lb/>pro luctas: u&longs;ibu&longs;que tam uariis tamque expeditis expo&longs;itas? </s> <s id="N4000F7">Quid <lb/>trophea: delubra: fana: templa et eiu&longs;modi / que ad cultum religi<lb/>onis fructum que po&longs;teritatis adinuenit? </s> <s id="N400100">Quid demum quod ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;is <lb/>rupibus / praefo&longs;&longs;is montibus / completis conuallibus / coercitis lacu <lb/>marique expurgata palude coædificatis nauibus / directis flumini<lb/>bus expeditis ho&longs;tiis / con&longs;titutis pontibus: portuque non &longs;olum <lb/>temporariis hominum commodis prouidit: Verum et aditus ad <lb/>omnes orbis prouincias patefecit: Ex quo effectum e&longs;t: Vt fruges <lb/><expan abbr="aromata/gemmas/rerũque">aromata / gemmas / rerumque</expan> peritias et cognitiones: et quæcunque ad <lb/>&longs;alutem & uitæ modum conferant: homines hominibus mutuis <lb/>officiis communicarint: Adde his tormenta / machinas / arces/ et <lb/>quæ ad patriam / libertatem rem / decu&longs;que ciuitatis tuendam au<lb/>gendamque ad <expan abbr="propagandum">propagandum</expan> &longs;tabiliendumque imperium ualeant: <lb/>Equidem &longs;ic arbitior: quotquot a uetere <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> memoria urbes <lb/>ob&longs;idione &longs;ub aliorum <expan abbr="imperiũ">imperium</expan> uenerint: &longs;i <expan abbr="rog&etilde;tur">rogentur</expan> a quo debellatæ <pb xlink:href="004/01/003.jpg"/>&longs;ubacteque &longs;int: non negaturas ab architecto. </s> <s id="N400130">Armatum enim faci<lb/>le ho&longs;tem contemp&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: Sed ingenii uim: et operum molem: & <lb/>tormentorum impetum: quibus urgeret / obrueret / pre&longs;&longs;aretque ar<lb/>chitectus tolerare diutius nequiui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N400139">Et contra ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunque</expan> <lb/>euenit: ut &longs;e &longs;e alia re magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> architecti ope et artibus &longs;atis fore <lb/>tutos deputent. </s> <s id="N40014C">Tum &longs;i habitas expeditiones repetas / forta&longs;&longs;i&longs; <lb/>reperies huius artibus et uirtute uictorias plures <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> imperatoris <lb/>ductu au&longs;picii&longs;ue partas: ho&longs;temque &longs;epius huius ingenio ab&longs;que illi<lb/>us <expan abbr="armi&longs;/&qtilde;">armi&longs; / quae</expan> illius ferro / &longs;ine i&longs;tius con&longs;ilio &longs;uccubui&longs;&longs;e: Et quod <lb/>maxime præ&longs;tat / parua manu &longs;aluoque uincit milite architectu&longs;. <lb/></s> <s id="N400160">De utilitate hactenus. </s> <s id="N400163">Quam uero grata & <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> penitus <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;ideat"> in&longs;ideat</expan> ani<lb/>mis ædificandi cura & ratio cum aliunde / tum hinc apparet / quod <lb/>neminem reperias modo ad&longs;int facultates / qui non totus ad quip<lb/>piam coædificandum pendeat: Et &longs;iquid ad rem ædificatoriam <lb/>excogitarit / uolens ac lubens non proferat: & qua&longs;i iubente natu<lb/>ra u&longs;ui hominum propalet. </s> <s id="N400174">Et <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;epe euenit: ut etiam rebus ali<lb/>is occupati nequeamus non facere / quin mente et animo aliquas <lb/>ædificationes commentemur. </s> <s id="N40017F">Et aliorum &longs;pectato ædificio &longs;in <lb/>gulas ilico dimen&longs;iones lu&longs;tramus ac pen&longs;itamus pro que ingenii <lb/>uiribus di&longs;quirimus quid nam adimi / addi immutariue po&longs;&longs;it: <lb/>quo id opus reddatur elegantius / ultroque monemus. </s> <s id="N400188">Si quid uero <lb/>bene diffinitum recteque ab&longs;olutum &longs;it: quis id non &longs;pectet <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;um<lb/>ma uoluptate atque ilaritate? </s> <s id="N400193"><expan abbr="Iã">Iam</expan> uero <expan abbr="&qtilde;tum">quantum</expan> ciues domi fori&longs;que non <lb/>iuuerit modo atque delectarit architectura / &longs;ed multo quidem ho<lb/>ne&longs;tarit quid e&longs;t quod referam? </s> <s id="N4001A1">Quis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ibi laudi a&longs;cribat quod <lb/>ædificarit? </s> <s id="N4001AA">Priuatis etiam quod habitemus ædibus paulo accura<lb/>tius con&longs;tructis gloriam? </s> <s id="N4001AF">Eoni uiri quod parietem aut porticum du<lb/>xeris lauti&longs;&longs;imam / quod ornamenta po&longs;tium <expan abbr="columnarũ">columnarum</expan> tectique <expan abbr="ĩpo&longs;ueris">impo<lb/>&longs;ueris</expan> et tuam et &longs;uam uicem comprobant et <expan abbr="congratulãtur">congratulantur</expan>: Vel <lb/>ea re maxime quod intelligunt quidem te fructu hoc diuitiarum <lb/>tibi / familiæ / po&longs;teris urbique <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> decoris et dignitatis adau<lb/>xi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N4001CC">Cretam in&longs;ulam in primis <expan abbr="&longs;epulcrũ">&longs;epulcrum</expan> iouis nobilitauit: nec <lb/>tantum Apollinis oraculo <expan abbr="Delon/&qtilde;">Delon / quae</expan> forma & &longs;pecie urbis templi<lb/>que maie&longs;tate colebatur. </s> <s id="N4001DB"><expan abbr="Quantũ">Quantum</expan> uero auctoritati <expan abbr="ĩperii">imperii</expan> & <expan abbr="nomis">nominis</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/004.jpg"/>latini <expan abbr="cõtulerit">contulerit</expan> ædificatio nihil plus dico <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> nos ex his bu&longs;tis et re<lb/>&longs;iduis ueteris magnificentiæ: quæ pa&longs;&longs;im uidemus multa hi&longs;tori<lb/>cis credere didici&longs;&longs;e: quæ alioquin forta&longs;&longs;e minus credibilia <expan abbr="uideban&ttilde;">uide<lb/>bantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4001FA">Preclare <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> apud <expan abbr="Tuchidid&etilde;">Tuchididem</expan> prudentia ueterum com<expan abbr="proba&ttilde;">probatur</expan>: <lb/>qui ita urbem omni ædificiorum genere para&longs;&longs;ent / ut longe <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> erant <lb/>potentiores <expan abbr="uideren&ttilde;">uiderentur</expan>: Et quis fuit &longs;ummorum ac &longs;apienti&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="prĩcipum">prin<lb/>cipum</expan> / quin inter primas propagandi <expan abbr="noĩs">nominis</expan> et po&longs;teritatis curas rem <lb/>habuerit <expan abbr="ædificatoriã">ædificatoriam</expan>? </s> <s id="N400225">Sed de his hactenus. </s> <s id="N400228">Demum hoc &longs;it ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tabilitatem / dignitat&etilde;/decu&longs;que">&longs;tabilitatem / dignitatem / decu&longs;que</expan> rei pulice <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> debere archi<lb/>tecto: Qui quidem efficiat ut in ocio cum amænitate / fe&longs;tiuitate <lb/>&longs;alubritate: In negocio <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <expan abbr="emolum&etilde;to">emolumento</expan> rerum que <expan abbr="increm&etilde;to">incremento</expan>: in utri&longs;que <lb/>&longs;ine periculo & cum dignitate uer&longs;emur. </s> <s id="N40024A">Hunc igitur ex uolup<lb/>tate / atque mirifica opum gratia: exque nece&longs;&longs;itate: exque inuentorum <lb/>adiumentis præ&longs;idioque: exque fructu po&longs;teritatis <expan abbr="probandũ">probandum</expan> <expan abbr="colendũ">colendum</expan> <lb/>que e&longs;&longs;e: atque inter primarios / qui de genere hominum <expan abbr="hõres">honores</expan> et pre<lb/>mia meruerint / <expan abbr="h&etilde;ndum">habendum</expan> non negabimus. </s> <s id="N400265">Atque nos <expan abbr="&qtilde;d&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> i&longs;tec <lb/>ita e&longs;&longs;e intelligeremus / cæpimus animi gratia de eius arte et re<lb/>bus accuratius per&longs;crutari: quibus nam principiis diducerentur / <lb/>quibu&longs;ue optibus haberentur: atque finirentur: quas cum <expan abbr="ĩueni&longs;&longs;em">inueni&longs;&longs;em</expan> <lb/>genere uaria numero pene infinita / re admirabilia / utilitate incre<lb/>dibili: ut interdum non con&longs;taret que nam hominum <expan abbr="cõditio">conditio</expan>: aut <lb/>quæ rei p. pars / aut quis ciuitatis &longs;tatus magis debeat architecto / <lb/><expan abbr="ĩmo">immo</expan> <expan abbr="omĩum">ominum</expan> commoditatum inuentori: publica an priuata: &longs;acra <lb/>an profana: ocium an negocium: &longs;inguli ne quique / an genus homi<lb/>num uniuer&longs;um / In&longs;tituimus pluribus de cau&longs;is: quæ longum e&longs; <lb/>&longs;et hic pro&longs;equi: eadem i&longs;ta colligere: quæ his decem libris <expan abbr="mãdata">manda<lb/>ta</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> litteris: Quorum hic erit rebus <expan abbr="tractãdis">tractandis</expan> ordo: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <expan abbr="ædificiũ">ædificium</expan> <lb/>quod corpus <expan abbr="quoddã">quoddam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="anĩaduertimus">animaduertimus</expan>: quod linea mentis / ueluti <lb/>alia corpora <expan abbr="cõ&longs;taret">con&longs;taret</expan> & materia: Quorum alterum i&longs;tic ab ingenio <lb/>produceretur: alterum a natura &longs;u&longs;ciperetur: Huic mentem cogi<lb/>tationemque / huic alteri parationem &longs;electionemque adhibendam. <lb/></s> <s id="N4002C1">Sed <expan abbr="utrorũque">utrorumque</expan> per &longs;e <expan abbr="neutrũ">neutrum</expan> &longs;atis ad rem ualere intelleximus / ni &<lb/>periti artificis manus / quæ lineamentis materiam <expan abbr="cõformaret">conformaret</expan> ac <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;erit: Cumque ædificiorum uarii e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="u&longs;us/&ptilde;ue&longs;tigandũ">u&longs;us / perue&longs;tigandum</expan> fuit an <pb xlink:href="004/01/005.jpg"/>eadem lineamentorum finitio quibu&longs;que operibus conueniret. </s> <s id="N4002DC">Di<lb/>&longs;tinximus ea de re ædificiorum genera / in quibus quidem <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ha<lb/>bere plurimum momenti uideremus / cohæ&longs;ionem modumque line<lb/>arum inter &longs;e: ex quo præcipua pulchritudinis effectio emanarit <lb/>De pulchritudine idcirco cæpimus di&longs;quirere quid nam e&longs;&longs;et / et <lb/>qualis cuique deberetur. </s> <s id="N4002ED">Cumque in his omnibus peccata <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> <expan abbr="offenderentur/ĩue&longs;tigauimu&longs;">of<lb/>fenderentur / inue&longs;tigauimu&longs;</expan> quo pacto emendari in&longs;taurarique po&longs;<lb/>&longs;ent. </s> <s id="N4002FB">Cuique igitur libro pro rerum uarietate &longs;uus in&longs;cribitur titu<lb/>lus hunc in modum: Nam primi quidem titulus. </s> <s id="N400300">Primo <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan><lb/>ta. </s> <s id="N400309">Secundo materia: Tertio opus: Quarto uniuer&longs;orum opus: <lb/>Quinto Singulorum opus: Sexto Ornamentum: Septimo Sacro <lb/>rum ornamentum: Octauo Publici profani <expan abbr="ornamentũ">ornamentum</expan>: Nono <expan abbr="Priuatoriũ">Pri<lb/>uatorium</expan> <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tũ">ornamentum</expan>: <expan abbr="Decĩo">Decimo</expan> Opum in&longs;tauratio: additi nauis: æraria <lb/>hi&longs;toria: numeri & linearum. </s> <s id="N400323">Quid <expan abbr="cõferat">conferat</expan> architectus in negocio.</s> </p> <p id="N40032A" type="head"> <s id="N40032C">LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE LINEAMEN<lb/>TIS LIBER PRIMVS</s> </p> <p id="N400331" type="main"> <s id="N400333">DE LINEAMENTIS AEDIFICIORVM </s> </p> <p id="N400336" type="main"> <s id="N400338"><arrow.to.target n="marg2"/><lb/>con&longs;cripturi optima et eleganti&longs;&longs;ima quæmque <lb/>a periti&longs;&longs;imis maioribus fui&longs;&longs;e litteris tradita <lb/>et quæ in ip&longs;is opibus facundis e&longs;&longs;e ob&longs;eruata <lb/>animaduerterimus / colligemus: <expan abbr="no&longs;trũque">no&longs;trumque</expan> hoc <lb/>in opus tran&longs;feremus: His etiam addemus &longs;i <lb/>quid no&longs;tro ingenio et perue&longs;tigandi cura et la<lb/>bore ad inuenerimus: quod quidem u&longs;ui futurum putemus: Sed <lb/>cum huiu&longs;modi rebus alioquin duris et a&longs;peris atque multa experte <lb/>ob&longs;curi&longs;&longs;imis con&longs;cribendis me cupiam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="aperti&longs;&longs;imũ/et">aperti&longs;&longs;imum / et</expan> quo <lb/>ad fieri po&longs;&longs;it facilem et <expan abbr="expediti&longs;&longs;imũ">expediti&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: no&longs;tro pro more explicabi<lb/>mus. </s> <s id="N40035F">quid nam &longs;it quod aggrediar. </s> <s id="N400362">Nam hinc non negligendi <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <lb/>dicendarum fontes <expan abbr="patebũt">patebunt</expan>: unde cetera æquabiliore oratione <expan abbr="dicã&ttilde;">dicantur</expan> <lb/>Rem <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> &longs;ic ordinemur. </s> <s id="N400379">Tota res ædificatoria lineamentis et <lb/>&longs;tructura con&longs;tituta <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>: <expan abbr="Lineam&etilde;torũ">Lineamentorum</expan> <expan abbr="omĩs">omnibus</expan> uis et ratio con&longs;umitur: <lb/>Vt recta ab&longs;olutaque habeatur uia coaptandi iungendique lineas et <pb xlink:href="004/01/006.jpg"/>angulos: quibus ædificii facies comprehendatur atque concludetur <lb/>Atqui e&longs;t quidem lineamenti munus et officium præ&longs;cribere ædi<lb/>ficiis et partibus ædificiorum aptum locum et certum numerum: <lb/>dignumque modum & gratum <expan abbr="ordĩem">ordinem</expan>: ut iam tota ædificii forma <lb/>et figura ip&longs;is in lineamentis conquie&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N40039E">Neque habet lineamen<lb/>tum in &longs;e ut materiam &longs;equatur: Sed e&longs;t huiu&longs;modi ut <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> pluri<lb/>mis in ædificiis e&longs;&longs;e lineamenta &longs;entiamus: ubi una atque eadem in <lb/>illis &longs;pectetur forma. </s> <s id="N4003AB">Hoc e&longs;t ubi eorum partes: et partium &longs;ingu<lb/>larum &longs;itus atque ordines inter &longs;e <expan abbr="cõueniant">conueniant</expan> totis angulis toti&longs;que li<lb/>neis. </s> <s id="N4003B6">Et licebit integras formas præ&longs;cribere animo et mente / &longs;eclu<lb/>&longs;a omni materia: Quam rem a&longs;&longs;equemur adnotando et <expan abbr="præfini&etilde;do">præfinien<lb/>do</expan> angulos & lineas certa directione et connexione. </s> <s id="N4003C1">Hæc <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ita <lb/>&longs;int: erit ergo <expan abbr="lineamentũ">lineamentum</expan> certa con&longs;tan&longs;que præ&longs;criptio concepta a<lb/>nimo / facta lineis et angulis perfectaque animo & ingenio erudito: <lb/>Quod &longs;i uelimus inue&longs;tigare <expan abbr="quidnã">quidnam</expan> <expan abbr="ip&longs;ũ">ip&longs;um</expan> ædificium totaque &longs;ta<lb/>tura per &longs;e &longs;it / forta&longs;&longs;is facient ad rem / &longs;i <expan abbr="cõ&longs;iderabimus">con&longs;iderabimus</expan> quibus pri<lb/>mordiis quibu&longs;ue progre&longs;&longs;ibus inhabitandi &longs;edes / quas ædificia <lb/><expan abbr="nũcupant/olim">nuncupant / olim</expan> cæperint atque excreuerint: Qui &longs;i recte opinor / <lb/>de tota hac re &longs;ic &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;umus. </s> <s id="N4003ED">Principio genus <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>in aliqua tuta regione &longs;ibi quæ&longs;iui&longs;&longs;e quie&longs;cendi &longs;patia: et illic in <lb/>uenta area u&longs;ui <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> et grata con&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e: atque &longs;itum ip&longs;um oc<lb/>cupaui&longs;&longs;e: ut non eodem loco fieri dome&longs;tica omnia et priuata uo<lb/>luerit: Sed alibi accubari / alibi focum haberi: alibi alia ad u&longs;um <lb/>collocari: Hic adeo cepi&longs;&longs;e meditari ut tecta <expan abbr="poner&etilde;t">ponerent</expan>: quo e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>a &longs;ole et imbribus operti: Idque ut facerent adieci&longs;&longs;e: deinde parie<lb/>tum latera: quibus tecta <expan abbr="imponeren&ttilde;">imponerentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N400410">Sic enim a gelidis <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;tatibus">tempe&longs;ta<lb/>tibus</expan> & pruino&longs;is uentis &longs;e futurus tutiores intelligebant: <expan abbr="Domũ">Domum</expan> <lb/>parietibus aperui&longs;&longs;e a &longs;olo in &longs;ublimi uias et fene&longs;tras: quibus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>aditus et congre&longs;&longs;us darentur: tum et lumina et auræ aptis <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">tempo<lb/>ribus</expan> exciperentur: et concepta forta&longs;&longs;is intra lares aqua uapores <lb/>que expurgarentur. </s> <s id="N40042F">Ita quicunque ille &longs;uit &longs;eu Ve&longs;ta dea Saturni fi<lb/>lia / &longs;eu Heurialus Hiperbiu&longs;que fratres/ &longs;eu Gellio aut tra&longs;o / Cy<lb/>clops / ue Tiphinchius / qui i&longs;ta <expan abbr="prĩcipio">principio</expan> in&longs;tituerit: Tandem &longs;ic <lb/>puto hos fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cond&etilde;dorum">condendorum</expan> ædificiorum <expan abbr="prĩos">prinos</expan> ortus / primosque <expan abbr="ordĩes">ordines</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/007.jpg"/>Demum excreui&longs;&longs;e u&longs;u et arte hanc rem arbitror: Variis ædifici<lb/>orum generibus inuentis: quo ad res prope infinita redacta e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s id="N40044F">Namque alia quidem publica: alia priuata: alia &longs;acra: alia profana <lb/>alia ad u&longs;um & nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad urbis <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tũ">ornamentum</expan>: alia ad tem<lb/>plorum uoluptatem con&longs;tituuntur: Sed omnia ab his / quæ recen<lb/>&longs;uimus principiis mana&longs;&longs;e negabit nemo. </s> <s id="N40045C">Que &longs;i ita &longs;unt in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t totam ædificandi rem con&longs;tare partibus &longs;ex: Hæ <lb/>&longs;unt eiu&longs;modi: Regio: Area: Partitio: Paries: Tectum: Apertio: <lb/>Hæc principia &longs;i fuerint percognita fiet ut quæ dicturi &longs;umus fa<lb/>cilius intelligantur: Ergo ea &longs;ic finiemus. </s> <s id="N400467">Namque erit quidem a<lb/>pud nos Regio circumexpo&longs;ita totius &longs;oli amplitudo & facies: <lb/>ubi ædificandum &longs;it: cuius pars erit area. </s> <s id="N40046E">Area uero erit certum <lb/>quoddam loci per&longs;criptum &longs;patium: quod quidem muro ad u&longs;us <lb/>utilitatemque <expan abbr="ambian&ttilde;">ambulantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N400479">Sed areæ apellatione ueniet quoque id / quo<lb/>cunque ip&longs;um ædificii loco &longs;it: quod deambulantes ue&longs;tigio premi<lb/>mus. </s> <s id="N400480">Partitio e&longs;t quæ totius ædificationis aream <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> minoris areas <lb/>partitur: unde fit ut qua&longs;i membris in unum adactis & coaptatis <lb/>totum ædificii corpus minoribus ædificiis refertum &longs;it. </s> <s id="N40048B">Parietem <lb/>dicimu&longs; omnem &longs;tructuram: quæ a &longs;olo in altum &longs;urrexerit ad fe<lb/>rendum onus tectorum: quæ ue obducta &longs;tet ad interiora ædificii <lb/>uacua obuallanda. </s> <s id="N400496">Tectum appellamus non partem illam ædi<lb/>ficii &longs;olum &longs;ublimem atque <expan abbr="extremã/qua">extrema / qua</expan> pluuiæ intercipiuntur: <lb/>Verum et tectum id maxime e&longs;t quicquid late / longeque di&longs;ten <lb/>tum &longs;upra deambulantium caput ad&longs;tet: Quo in genere &longs;unt con<lb/>tignationes / concamerationes / te&longs;tudinata: & eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N4004A5">Aper<lb/>tiones nuncupamus quicquid e&longs;t ubique per ædificium: quod in <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;um / egre&longs;&longs;umue inde incolis rebusue præbent.</s> </p> <p id="N4004B3" type="main"> <s id="N4004B5">De his igitur & de &longs;ingulorum partibus nobis dicendum e&longs;t: &longs;i <lb/>prius non nulla rettulerimus: quæ quidem &longs;eu principia / &longs;eu prin<lb/>cipiis no&longs;tri huius in&longs;tituti operis in&longs;ita atque innata &longs;unt: pluri<lb/>mum certe facient ad rem: Nam con&longs;iderantibus an &longs;it quippi<lb/>am / quod quibu&longs;que harum quæ diximu&longs; partium conferat / tria <lb/>inuenimus minime <expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&etilde;da">po&longs;tponenda</expan>: quæ <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> et tectis & parietibus <lb/>et reliquis eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <expan abbr="cõueniãt">conueniant</expan>: ea &longs;unt hæc. </s> <s id="N4004D4">Vt &longs;int eorum <pb xlink:href="004/01/008.jpg"/>&longs;ingula ad certum de&longs;tinatumque u&longs;um commoda et in primis &longs;alu<lb/>berrima: Ad firmitatem perpetuitatemque integra et &longs;olida & ad <lb/>modum æterna: Ad gratiam et amænitatem compta / compo&longs;ita: <lb/>et in omni parte &longs;ui / ut ita loquar / redimita. </s> <s id="N4004E1">His qua&longs;i rerum dicen<lb/>darum primordiis et fundamentis iactis ad in&longs;titutum pro&longs;equa<lb/>mur. </s> <s id="N4004E8">Regionem ueteres ut omni nocuo liberam et commodita<lb/>tibus re forti&longs;&longs;imam haberent / quo ad eius fieri poterat / uehemen<lb/>ter elaborabant: Atque inprimis cælum ne habituri e&longs;&longs;ent graue et <lb/>infe&longs;tum / omni diligentia pænitus præcauebant / prudenti id qui<lb/>dem & permaxime nece&longs;&longs;ario con&longs;ilio: Nam terram atque aquam <lb/>&longs;iquid habeat in &longs;e uitii / arte et ingenio corrigi po&longs;&longs;e non negant <lb/>Celum uero nulla ingenii ope / nullaque hominum manu &longs;atis <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e emendari a&longs;&longs;euerant: Et <expan abbr="omnĩo">omnino</expan> &longs;piritus anhelitus / quo uno <lb/>maxime uitam ali &longs;eruarique &longs;entimus / mirifice ad &longs;alutem confe<lb/>ret / &longs;i erit per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> puri&longs;&longs;imus: Tum et quantam habeat celum ingi<lb/>gnendis / producendis / alendis / &longs;eruandi&longs;que rebus uim: quis e&longs;t <lb/>quem id fugiat? </s> <s id="N40050B">Quando & præ&longs;tare ingenio eos <expan abbr="ĩtelligas">intelligas</expan> homi<lb/>nes: qui celo fruantur <expan abbr="puriore/&qtilde;">puriore / quae</expan> eos qui cra&longs;&longs;o et madenti. </s> <s id="N400518">Quæ <lb/>una res poti&longs;&longs;imum effeci&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="credi&ttilde;/ut">creditur / ut</expan> athenien&longs;es acumine inge<lb/>nii multo præ&longs;titerint thebanis. </s> <s id="N400523">Celum pro &longs;itu & locorum facie ali<lb/>um atque alium haberi &longs;entimus: quarum uarietatum <expan abbr="rões">rationes</expan> partim in<lb/>telligere uidemur / partim naturæ ob&longs;curitate abditæ atque ob&longs;tru&longs;æ <lb/>nos penitus latent: Sed de manife&longs;tis prius: po&longs;t occultiora per&longs;cu<lb/>tabimur: quo regiones <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;imas">commodi&longs;&longs;imas</expan> deligere et &longs;aluberrime po&longs;<lb/>&longs;imus degere. </s> <s id="N400538">Aerem ueteres theologi <expan abbr="pallad&etilde;">palladem</expan> nuncuparunt: &<lb/>hanc Homerus <expan abbr="deã">deam</expan> <expan abbr="e&etilde;">esse</expan> ait & <expan abbr="glaucopũ">glaucopum</expan> <expan abbr="apellari/purũ">apellari / purum</expan> &longs;ignificans <lb/>aerem: qui natura &longs;ui perlucidi&longs;&longs;imus &longs;it. </s> <s id="N400553">Atqui in promptu qui<lb/>dem e&longs;t eum e&longs;&longs;e aerem &longs;aluberrimum: qui purgati&longs;&longs;imus: et per <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> puri&longs;&longs;imus &longs;it: qui acie ui&longs;us liberrime peruius: qui perlucidus: <lb/>qui leui&longs;&longs;imus: qui coequabilis et minime uarius. </s> <s id="N40055F">Tum contra <lb/>pe&longs;tiferum illic e&longs;&longs;e aerem &longs;tatuemus: ubi &longs;pi&longs;&longs;itudine <expan abbr="quadã">quadam</expan> aut <lb/>nebularum: Aut uaporum &longs;tet <expan abbr="cõcretus">concretus</expan> atque <expan abbr="fetul&etilde;tus">fetulentus</expan>. </s> <s id="N400572">Vt <expan abbr="&qtilde;&longs;i">qua&longs;i</expan> quod<expan abbr="dã">dam</expan> <lb/>graue hæreat &longs;uperciliis: atque <expan abbr="aci&etilde;">aciem</expan> premat. </s> <s id="N400583">Hæc ut ita &longs;int <expan abbr="utrãque">utranque</expan> in <lb/><expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> fieri <expan abbr="arbitror/cũ">arbitror / cum</expan> cæteras ob <expan abbr="res/tũ">res / tum</expan> &longs;olibus <expan abbr="maxĩe">maxime</expan> atque <expan abbr="u&etilde;to">uento</expan>. <pb xlink:href="004/01/009.jpg"/>Neque hic phy&longs;ica illa recen&longs;ebimus / quo pacto ui &longs;olis uapores ex <lb/>intimis terræ ui&longs;ceribus <expan abbr="exhaurian&ttilde;">exhauriantur</expan>: atque in æthera <expan abbr="tollan&ttilde;">tollantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4005AD">Quo <lb/>maximo in &longs;patio orbis ua&longs;tum incumulum coaggregati: aut im<lb/>mani mole &longs;ua face&longs;&longs;unt: aut radios &longs;olis excipiendo / qua parte a <lb/>refacti &longs;unt eo in latus labuntur &longs;uoque ca&longs;u aerem impellunt / uen<lb/>to&longs;que <expan abbr="concitãt">concitant</expan>: Indeque &longs;e&longs;e intra occeanum acti &longs;iti <expan abbr="immergũt">immergunt</expan>: ma<lb/>ri demum infu&longs;i et humore pregnantes iterato aere uagando uen<lb/>tis <expan abbr="coercen&ttilde;">coercentur</expan>: et qua&longs;i &longs;pongia per&longs;tricti guttatim expre&longs;&longs;um humo <lb/>rem &longs;tillent atque impluant: quo & noui terra uapores <expan abbr="concreen&ttilde;">concruentur</expan>: <lb/>Siue hæc uera &longs;int quæ recen&longs;uimus: &longs;iue <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> uentus aut &longs;icca fumo <lb/>&longs;itas terræ: Aut calida euaporatio mota a frigore <expan abbr="impell&etilde;te">impellente</expan>: &longs;iue <lb/>aeris flatus: &longs;iue purus aer mundi motu / aut &longs;yderum cur&longs;u & radio <lb/><expan abbr="cõmotus">commotus</expan>: &longs;iue generabilis <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> &longs;piritus &longs;uapte natura agitabilis / <lb/>&longs;iue <expan abbr="quippiã">quippiam</expan> &longs;it / quod non in &longs;e ip&longs;o &longs;ed in aere potius con&longs;i&longs;tat <expan abbr="ductũ">ductum</expan> <lb/>ex calida ui <expan abbr="&longs;ũmi">&longs;ummi</expan> ætheris atque incen&longs;ione <expan abbr="fcã">facta</expan> ad <expan abbr="aer&etilde;">aerem</expan> liquentem: <lb/>Siue aliorum alia ulla ratio & opinio indi&longs;qui&longs;itione habenda firmi<lb/>or & antiquior e&longs;t / pretereundum cen&longs;eo / quod forta&longs;&longs;is ab re uideri <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N400605">Verum hinc ni fallor <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> ut po&longs;&longs;imus interpretari cur <lb/>&longs;it / quod uidemus alias orbis regiones e&longs;&longs;e eiu&longs;modi / ut aere gaude<lb/>ant læti&longs;&longs;imo: dum aliæ illis contiguæ & prope po&longs;itæ in &longs;inu <lb/>tri&longs;tiore celo et qua&longs;i me&longs;to die con&longs;orde&longs;cant: Nanque id quidem <lb/>fieri <expan abbr="cõiecto">coniecto</expan> aliam nullam ob rem / ni&longs;i quod his cum &longs;olo: & uentis <lb/>non bene conueniat. </s> <s id="N40061E">Siracu&longs;as aiebat Cicero ita e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;itas. </s> <s id="N400621">ut <lb/>integrum per annum accolæ cuiu&longs;que diei &longs;olem uideant: rarum id <lb/>tamen <expan abbr="optandũ/et">optandum / et</expan> quo ad nece&longs;&longs;itas: locique oportunitas non inter<lb/>pellarit / in primis affectandum: Summendaque ea omnium erit re<lb/>gio: ab qua nebularum uis: & omnis <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;ioris">den&longs;ioris</expan> uaporis cra&longs;&longs;itudo <lb/>longe ab&longs;it. </s> <s id="N400636">Compertum habent qui i&longs;ta &longs;ectantur / radios ardo <lb/>resque &longs;olis acrius agere / in quo den&longs;um offenderint: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in raro: In <lb/>oleo <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in aqua: in ferro <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in lana. </s> <s id="N400649">Ex quo aerem: qui i&longs;tic <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in pro<lb/>ximo uehementius efferue&longs;cat: grauem cra&longs;&longs;umque e&longs;&longs;e arguunt. <lb/></s> <s id="N400653">Egyptii de nobilitate contendentes <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteris orbis gentibu&longs; glo<lb/>riabantur e&longs;&longs;e apud &longs;e hominum genus principio procreatum: ne <lb/>que alibi procreari <expan abbr="oportui&longs;&longs;e /&qtilde;">oportui&longs;&longs;e / quae</expan> ubi &longs;aluberrime e&longs;&longs;ent uicturi. <pb xlink:href="004/01/010.jpg"/>Se enim qua&longs;i perpetuo uere et con&longs;tanti aeris tenore præ cæteris <lb/>omnibus deorum benignitate mirifice donatos e&longs;&longs;e: <expan abbr="Tũ">Tum</expan> et inter <lb/>ægyptios eos pre&longs;ertim qui ad <expan abbr="Lybiã">Lybiam</expan> &longs;pectent / quod ibi <expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan> auræ <lb/><expan abbr="uarien&ttilde;/e&longs;&longs;e">uarientur / e&longs;&longs;e</expan> <expan abbr="oĩum">omnium</expan> præditos ualitudine homines pro <expan abbr="&qtilde;">qua</expan> integerrima <lb/>&longs;cribit Herodotus: Et certe uidere uideor urbes <expan abbr="qua&longs;dã">qua&longs;dam</expan> cum Ita<lb/>lie /tum & aliarum gentium non <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> ob <expan abbr="r&etilde;/&qtilde;">rem / quae</expan> ob aeris modo frigen<lb/>tis modo feruentis &longs;ubitam <expan abbr="int&etilde;piem">intemperiem</expan> fieri morbo&longs;as atque pe&longs;tilen<lb/>tes: Itaque & <expan abbr="&qtilde;tũ">quantum</expan> &longs;olis & quos &longs;oles habeat regio non iniuria <expan abbr="&longs;pectãdum">&longs;pectan<lb/>dum</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>: Ne quod ad&longs;it aut &longs;olis aut umbrarum / quod plus &longs;atis &longs;it. </s> <s id="N4006AB">So<lb/>lem Garamantes <expan abbr="orient&etilde;">orientem</expan> et <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> execrantur / quod nimia radii <lb/>a&longs;&longs;iduitate <expan abbr="uran&ttilde;">urantur</expan>: Alii nocte <expan abbr="&qtilde;&longs;i">qua&longs;i</expan> perpetua pallent. </s> <s id="N4006C2">Hæc ita ut &longs;int <lb/>non id <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> efficit quod orbis axem <expan abbr="pronior&etilde;">proniorem</expan> aut obliquiorem habe<lb/>ant / facit id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="plurimum/&qtilde;">plurimum / quae</expan> quod ip&longs;a locorum facie: aut obii<lb/>ciantur &longs;olibus atque uentis excipiendis / aut ob&longs;truantur. </s> <s id="N4006DB">Malim <lb/>quidem auras <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="uentos/u&etilde;tos">uentos / uentos</expan> tamen <expan abbr="&qtilde;uis">quauis</expan> acres & in modicos mi <lb/>nus <expan abbr="mode&longs;te/&qtilde;">mode&longs;te / quae</expan> <expan abbr="ĩmobile">immobile</expan> & perinde graue cælum feram: et <expan abbr="capiũt">capiunt</expan> <lb/>inquit uitium Ouidius: ni moueantur aquæ: Quid aer: profecto <lb/>motu uehementer. </s> <s id="N4006FE">ut ita loquar / hilare&longs;cit: Nam motu fieri <expan abbr="&qtilde;d&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>opinor / ut &longs;urgentes a terra uapores: aut di&longs;&longs;ipentur: aut motibus <lb/>in cale&longs;cendo concoquantur: Sed hos uentos uelim fractos obiec<lb/>tis montibus: et &longs;iluis: aut longa <expan abbr="cõmigratione">commigratione</expan> la&longs;&longs;os apellere: <lb/>Velim et ne per loca apellant: unde raptum malum ad nos affe<lb/>rant. </s> <s id="N400713">Idcirco uitandum <expan abbr="cuiu&longs;&qtilde;">cuiu&longs;que</expan> uiciniam admonere: ex qua <expan abbr="noxiũ">noxium</expan> <lb/>quid effluat: Quo in genere &longs;unt teter odor / impuru&longs;que omnis ua<lb/>por palu&longs;trium sedarumque præ&longs;ertim aquarum et fo&longs;&longs;ionum. </s> <s id="N400722"><expan abbr="Cõ&longs;tat">Con<lb/>&longs;tat</expan> apud phy&longs;icos omnem fluuium qui niuibus excre&longs;cat / aerem <lb/>ducere frigidum et cra&longs;&longs;um. </s> <s id="N40072C">Sed inter aquas nulla erit <expan abbr="fedior/&qtilde;">sedior / quae</expan> <lb/>quæ motu nullo exagitata contabe&longs;cat: eritque morbo&longs;ior' uiciniæ <lb/>huiu&longs;modi contagio / quo uentis minus probatis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;titue&ttilde;">&longs;ub&longs;tituetur</expan>: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;tos">uen<lb/>tos</expan> <expan abbr="ferũt">ferunt</expan> &longs;uapte natura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> e&longs;&longs;e tales ut &longs;alubres aut <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;alubres">in&longs;alubres</expan> <lb/>&longs;int: Sed <expan abbr="aquilõem">aquilonem</expan> inquit Plinius <expan abbr="theophra&longs;tũ">theophra&longs;tum</expan> atque <expan abbr="Hippocrat&etilde;">Hippocratem</expan> &longs;e<lb/>cutus <expan abbr="oĩum">omnium</expan> <expan abbr="e&etilde;">esse</expan> <expan abbr="adbonã">ad bonam</expan> <expan abbr="ualitudin&etilde;">ualitudinem</expan> <expan abbr="re&longs;titu&etilde;dã">re&longs;tituendam</expan> atque <expan abbr="&longs;eruãdã">&longs;eruandam</expan> <expan abbr="accomodati&longs;&longs;imũ">accomo<lb/>dati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>. </s> <s id="N400782"><expan abbr="Hau&longs;trũ">Hau&longs;trum</expan> <expan abbr="affirmãt">affirmant</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> phy&longs;ici <expan abbr="præcæ&ttilde;is">præcæteris</expan> generi <expan abbr="hõinũ">hominum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="e&etilde;">esse</expan> <expan abbr="noxiũ">noxium</expan>: quoniam & <expan abbr="pecud&etilde;">pecudem</expan> hau&longs;tro <expan abbr="flãte">flante</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ine <expan abbr="&ptilde;iculo">periculo </expan><expan abbr="e&etilde;">esse</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> pa&longs;cuis <pb xlink:href="004/01/011.jpg"/>arbitrantur: Neque item &longs;e u&longs;piam temere ciconias hau&longs;tris com<lb/>mittere ob&longs;eruarunt: Delphines per aquilonem uoces audire au<lb/>ra &longs;ecundante: Hau&longs;tro uero et tardius audire / et non ni&longs;i ex ad <lb/>uer&longs;o redditas: Spirante aquilone dies durare anguillam &longs;enos <lb/>&longs;ine aquis: hau&longs;tro non durare / tantam ine&longs;&longs;e huic uento cra&longs;&longs;i<lb/>tatem et in morbos uim: Itaque ut hau&longs;tro ægrotari et admodum <lb/>pituito&longs;os reddi: ita et corocu&longs;&longs;uri referunt. </s> <s id="N4007C5">Meridianum etiam <lb/>mare improbant una præ&longs;ertim re quod radiorum flexionibus obiec<lb/>tam regionem duos pati &longs;oles iudicent: unum cælo / alterum ab a <lb/>quis inurentem: Et maximam illic fieri uarietatem aeris &longs;ole ca<lb/>dente intelligunt: Vbi frigentes umbræ noctis aduenerint. </s> <s id="N4007D0">Et <lb/>&longs;unt qui occiduas appul&longs;iones flexione&longs;que radiorum: &longs;eu ab aquis <lb/>et mari: &longs;eu a montibus remittantur: cæteris mole&longs;tiores putent / <lb/>quod integro eius diei &longs;ole iam incalefactum locum plus &longs;atis fer<lb/>uidiorem reddant / æ&longs;tu adducto et flexionibus congeminato: <lb/>Quod &longs;i dabitur ut his cum &longs;olibus grauiores etiam uenti: li<lb/>beros ad te habeant aditus / quid erit / quod mole&longs;tius aut minus <lb/>ferendum &longs;it? </s> <s id="N4007E1">Matutinas etiam auras / quæ crudos ob&longs;urgentes <lb/>uapores offerant / non inmerito longe improbabunt: Diximus de <lb/>&longs;ole et uentis / quibus aerem uariari / et &longs;alubrem atque in&longs;alubrem <lb/>fieri manife&longs;to &longs;entimus: et diximus / breui&longs;&longs;ime quo ad hic dicen <lb/>dum uidebatur: et de his &longs;uo loco di&longs;tinctius per&longs;crutabimur.</s> </p> <p id="N4007EC" type="main"> <s id="N4007EE">RVRSVS in captanda regione conueniet: Vt &longs;it ea quidem <lb/>eiu&longs;modi / ut incolis omni exparte bene &longs;it futurum / cum rerum <lb/>natura: et cum reliquorum hominum genere atque conuictu. </s> <s id="N4007F5"><expan abbr="Nequeenĩ">Neque <lb/>enim</expan> ego illic / ubi condere Callicula <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> de&longs;tinauerat in alpium <lb/>arduo aliquo et difficili iugo / ni&longs;i maxima cogat nece&longs;&longs;itas: ædi<lb/>ficabo. </s> <s id="N400805">Vitabo et de&longs;ertam &longs;olitudinem: qualem uarro fui&longs;&longs;e re <lb/>fert partem galliæ / quæ inter adienum &longs;it / qualemue &longs;cribit ce&longs;ar <lb/>pro &longs;ua fui&longs;&longs;e tempora Britaniam: Neque placebit: &longs;i illic uti in&longs;ula <lb/><expan abbr="põti">ponti</expan> oenoe <expan abbr="uiu&etilde;dũ">uiuendum</expan> erit ouis <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> <expan abbr="auiũ">auium</expan>: aut &longs;i glande uti apud hi&longs;<lb/><expan abbr="paniã">paniam</expan> Plinii <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> nullis <expan abbr="uiuebãt">uiuebant</expan> locis: Velim <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> nihil <lb/>de&longs;it: quod <expan abbr="adu&longs;ũ">adu&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="futurũ">futurum</expan> &longs;it Præclare alexander negauit uelle <expan abbr="ĩmonte">in mon<lb/>te</expan> Athos condere urbem / alioquin futuram ex Polycratis archi<pb xlink:href="004/01/012.jpg"/>tecti commento admirabilem /ea re / quod rerum <expan abbr="afflu&etilde;tiam">affluentiam</expan> incolæ <lb/>habituri non e&longs;&longs;ent: Ari&longs;toteli forta&longs;&longs;is poterat placere ea regio: <lb/>præ&longs;ertim condendis urbibus / quæ difficiles haberet aditus: Et <lb/>comperio fui&longs;&longs;e gentes: quæ &longs;uos fines de&longs;erti&longs;&longs;imos et de&longs;tituti&longs; <lb/>&longs;imos longe ac late ho&longs;tium <expan abbr="incommodãdorum">incommodandorum</expan> gratia e&longs;&longs;e affec<lb/>tarint: Horum rationes proba&longs;&longs;e ne <expan abbr="cõueniat/">conueniat /</expan> an <expan abbr="nõalibi">non alibi</expan> di&longs;cep<lb/>tabimus: Sed hæc &longs;i ita iuuant publicis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> rebus / non <expan abbr="&etilde;">esse</expan> <lb/>ut eorum in&longs;titutum improbem: At reliquis profecto ædificiis <lb/><expan abbr="pon&etilde;dis">ponendis</expan> mihi ea perplacebit regio / quæ et multos et uarios habebit <lb/>aditus: quibus et naui et iumento et iugo <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> æ&longs;tate / tum et hyeme <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria commodi&longs;&longs;ime po&longs;&longs;int conuehi: Atqui erit ip&longs;a regio <lb/>neque <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> exuberantia madida neque &longs;iccitate a&longs;pera: &longs;ed habilis <lb/>et <expan abbr="cont&etilde;perabilis">contemperabilis</expan>: Aut &longs;i id ex <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> nequeat: paulo frigentem <lb/>et <expan abbr="&longs;iccam/&qtilde;">&longs;iccam / quae</expan> minus calentem et plus &longs;atis humectam eligemus: <lb/>Nam tecto / pariete / ue&longs;te / igne / motu frigora <expan abbr="uincen&ttilde;">uincentur</expan> <expan abbr="Siccitat&etilde;">Siccitatem</expan> <lb/>quidem cur uehementer hominum corpora aut ingenia lædat ha<lb/>bere in &longs;e quippiam haud multum arbitrantur: Tum et &longs;iccis du<lb/>re&longs;cere / frigidis forta&longs;&longs;is horre&longs;cere homines putant: Verum hu<lb/>midis tabe&longs;cere corpora omnia et calidis &longs;olui affirmant: Et uide <lb/>re licet cum frigida propter tempora <expan abbr="homines/tũ">homines / tum</expan> et frigenti loco <lb/>habitantes corpore &longs;tare ualido et morbis libero. </s> <s id="N4008A9">Tam et &longs;i &longs;tatu <lb/>aut calentibus locis excellere ingenia / frigentibus præ&longs;tare corpo<lb/>ra: Tum ex appiano hi&longs;torico intellexi Numidas ea de re <expan abbr="maxĩe">maxime</expan> <lb/>longe uos e&longs;&longs;e quod hyemem <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> habeant frigentem: Omnium <lb/>tum <expan abbr="optĩa">optima</expan> erit regio: quæ &longs;ubhumecta et tepens &longs;it: Proceros: n: <lb/>et uenu&longs;tos ea homines feret / atque etiam minime tri&longs;tes. </s> <s id="N4008C2">Secundo <lb/>loco ea erit Regio percommoda / quæ niuo&longs;is in prouinciis plus <lb/>cæteris habebit &longs;olis / et quæ &longs;olibus are&longs;centi in prouincia plus ha<lb/>bebit humecti atque umbrarum: Sed nullo ponetur loco ædificium <lb/>utcunque ip&longs;um &longs;it: <expan abbr="incõmodius">incommodius</expan> atque indecentius / quam cum intra <lb/><expan abbr="cõuallem">conuallem</expan> abditum &longs;it: Nam ut cetera obmittam / quæ <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan>promptu <lb/>&longs;unt: ea &longs;ine ulla dignitate delite&longs;cere / et pro&longs;pectus amænitate in<lb/>tercepta nullam habere gratiam: Quid illud / quod breui fiat / ut <lb/>imbrium ruinis obruatur: et circum fluentibus aquis infundatur <pb xlink:href="004/01/013.jpg"/>& in modico imbibito humore continuo made&longs;cat: & terrenum <lb/>uaporem ualitudini hominum uehementer noxium a&longs;&longs;iduo effu<lb/>met. </s> <s id="N4008E8">Non illic ualebunt ingenia hebetatis &longs;piritibus: Non illic <lb/>durabunt corpora. </s> <s id="N4008ED">Commaceratis compagibus putre&longs;cent libri: <lb/>arma & quæcumque in horreis erunt: marce&longs;cent denique / uitiabun<lb/>tur uliginis exuberantia. </s> <s id="N4008F4">Tum &longs;i eo ingreditur &longs;ol undique reci <lb/>procatis radiis torrebuntur: Si non excipient <expan abbr="&longs;oles/crude&longs;c&etilde;t">&longs;oles / crude&longs;cent</expan> um<lb/>bra / atque torpebunt. </s> <s id="N4008FF">Adde his quod uentus &longs;i eo penetrat qua&longs;i cana<lb/>libus coarctatus durius et mole&longs;tius furit <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> par e&longs;t: Si non ingre<lb/>ditur fit ut concretus illic aer ut ita dicam / lute&longs;cat: Conuallem <lb/>enim i&longs;tiu&longs;modi po&longs;&longs;umus non indecenter lacunam &longs;tagnumue <lb/>putare aeris. </s> <s id="N40090E">Itaque erit quidem loci forma et digna et amæna: quæ <lb/><expan abbr="nequa&qtilde;">nequaqua</expan> humilis et qua&longs;i immer&longs;a: &longs;ed quæ cel&longs;a & admodum &longs;pe<lb/>culatrix fiet: et quo læti&longs;&longs;imus aer a&longs;&longs;iduo aliquo &longs;piritu mouea<lb/>tur. </s> <s id="N40091A">Habebit præterea earum rerum <expan abbr="copiã">copiam</expan>: quæ u&longs;ui et uolupta<lb/>ti u&longs;que futura <expan abbr="&longs;int /aquã/ignem/e&longs;cam">&longs;int / aquam / ignem / e&longs;cam</expan>: Sed in his <expan abbr="&longs;eruãdum">&longs;eruandum</expan> erit <lb/>nequid inde &longs;aluti et rebus hominum officiat: Aperiendi gu&longs;tan<lb/>dique fontes: Spectandæ & ignibus aquæ ne quid ui&longs;co&longs;i / mucidi <lb/>crudulentiue in &longs;e admixtum habeant: quo incolæ in morbos in<lb/>cidant: Sino illud quod aquis fit / ut gutturo&longs;i calculo&longs;ique reddan<lb/>tur. </s> <s id="N400935">Sino & rariora illa <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> miracula: quæ et docte et elegan <lb/>ter colligit Vitruuius architectus. </s> <s id="N40093E">Extat Hippocratis phy&longs;ici <lb/>&longs;ententia / aquam non depuratam &longs;ed grauem & &longs;apore non <expan abbr="dec&etilde;ti">decen<lb/>ti</expan> qui biberint: hi uentre æ&longs;tuo&longs;o et <expan abbr="tum&etilde;ti">tumenti</expan> <expan abbr="fi&etilde;t">fient</expan>: Cætera corporis <lb/>membra cubiti / &longs;patule / facies reddentur pænitus extenuata: &<lb/>mirum in modum gracilia. </s> <s id="N400955">Adde quod uitio &longs;plenis male concre<lb/>to &longs;anguine inmorbos incident uarios et pe&longs;tilentes. </s> <s id="N40095A">E&longs;tate prolu<lb/>uie uentris fluente bile et di&longs;&longs;olutis humoribus deficient: Tum et <lb/>morbis grauioribus atque diutinis <expan abbr="integrũ">integrum</expan> per annum laborabunt: a <lb/>qua intercus et præcordiorum angu&longs;tia et anxietatibus laterum <lb/>urgebuntur. </s> <s id="N400969">Iuniores bili atra in&longs;anient: &longs;enes humorum incendio <lb/>flagrabunt. </s> <s id="N40096E">Feminæ ægre concipient: et per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> difficiles partus e<lb/>nitentur: Omnis denique ætas et &longs;exus morte immatura intempe<lb/>&longs;tiue cadet acta morbis atque ab&longs;umpta: Dies uero uitæ i&longs;torum aget <pb xlink:href="004/01/014.jpg"/>nullus: non tri&longs;tes et coinquinatos malis humoribus atque <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb/>perturbationum genere uexatos: tum et animo exagitati &longs;emper <lb/>erunt in mærore atque luctu. </s> <s id="N400985">Plura po&longs;&longs;ent de aquis dici: quæ uete<lb/>res hi&longs;torici annotarunt / uaria & admirabilia: & ad hominum ge<lb/>nus bene atque male habendum ualidi&longs;&longs;ima: Sed rara illa et forta&longs;<lb/>&longs;is ad peritiam o&longs;tentandam: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad rem edi&longs;&longs;erendam facerent: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>et de aquis prolixius &longs;uo dicetur loco. </s> <s id="N400998">Illud adeo negligendum <lb/>non e&longs;t / quod in promptu e&longs;t aqua nutriri omnia quæ coale&longs;cant <lb/>plantas / &longs;emina: et quibus ea uitæ pars ine&longs;t / quæ motu uigeat: <lb/>quorum fructu et copia reficiantur homines atque nutriantur. </s> <s id="N4009A1">Id &longs;i <lb/>ita e&longs;t profecto quos nam habeat &longs;uccos aquarum hæc in qua <expan abbr="uitã">uitam</expan> <lb/>acturi &longs;umus regio quam diligenti&longs;&longs;ime &longs;crutari oportet. </s> <s id="N4009AC"><expan abbr="Indiã">Indiam</expan> <lb/>inquit Dyodorus multa ex parte habere homines proceros et uali<lb/>dos ingenioque præditos acri / quod aerem ducant purum & aquas &longs;a<lb/>luberrimas bibant. </s> <s id="N4009B8">Atqui aquam dicemus e&longs;&longs;e &longs;apore optimam / <lb/>quæ &longs;aporem habeat nullum: et colore commodi&longs;&longs;imam / quæ om<lb/>ni &longs;it colore penitus uacua et libera. </s> <s id="N4009BF">Tum et aquam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optimã">optimam</expan> <lb/>referunt / quæ limpida perlucida et tenuis &longs;it: quæ in <expan abbr="candidũ">candidum</expan> li<lb/>teum infu&longs;a non <expan abbr="cõmacularit">commacularit</expan>: quæ feruefacta fecem non dimi&longs;erit <lb/>Quæ mu&longs;co&longs;um alueum quo perfluat et præ&longs;ertim &longs;axa coinqui <lb/>nata non reddiderit. </s> <s id="N4009D6">Addunt aquam per commodam e&longs;&longs;e in qua <lb/>legumina decocta bene <expan abbr="mite&longs;cãt">mite&longs;cant</expan>: et bonam qua bonum efficias pa<lb/>nem. </s> <s id="N4009E1"><expan abbr="Per&longs;crutãdum">Per&longs;crutandum</expan> item pari ratione ne quid edat regio / quod <lb/>&longs;it pe&longs;tilens aut ueneficum quo ad qui degant eo loci in periculo <lb/>&longs;int. </s> <s id="N4009EB">Sino illa quæ apud ueteres celebrantur / Colco ex frondibus <lb/>arborum &longs;tillare mel / quo gu&longs;tato pro&longs;temantur exanimes diem <lb/>que integrum pro mortuis habeantur. </s> <s id="N4009F2">Et quod <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> in Antonii exer<lb/>citu herbarum uitio eueni&longs;&longs;e: quas frumenti inopia milites cum <lb/>edi&longs;&longs;ent in&longs;ani facti lapidibus fodiendis intenti u&longs;que eo &longs;e&longs;e exagi<lb/>tabant / quo ad bili commota caderent atque <expan abbr="interir&etilde;t">interirent</expan> nullo tuti re <lb/>medio contra pernitiem / ut &longs;cribit Plutarcus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> uino epoto: trita <lb/>hæc. </s> <s id="N400A0B">Quid hac ætate / apud Apuleam inItalia &longs;uperi boni / quæ <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> <lb/>incredibilis ueneni uis increbuit ? exterre&longs;tribus non nullis arane<lb/>olis quarum mor&longs;u homines aduaria in&longs;aniæ <expan abbr="deliram&etilde;ta">deliramenta</expan> <expan abbr="cõcitan&ttilde;">concitantur</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/015.jpg"/>atque ueluti per furorem acti <expan abbr="repiũtur">rapiuntur</expan>: Mirum dictu. </s> <s id="N400A2A">Nullus gra<lb/>uis tumor: Nullus liuor extat / qui corpore u&longs;piam appareat iac<lb/>tus ueneficæ be&longs;tiolæ &longs;eu mor&longs;u / &longs;eu aculeo: Sed principio obrec<lb/>ta mente languente attoniti: & ni opem afferant / confe&longs;tim pere<lb/>unt. </s> <s id="N400A35">Hos Theophra&longs;ti medicamentis curant: Qui quidem uipe<lb/>rarum mor&longs;ibus tybicine adhibita mederi a&longs;&longs;euerabat. </s> <s id="N400A3C">Ergo uari<lb/>is modorum &longs;onis mu&longs;ici ita con&longs;ternatos mulcent. </s> <s id="N400A41">Cum uero ad <lb/>&longs;uum uentum e&longs;t canendi modum / illico qua&longs;i exciti a&longs;&longs;urgunt: <lb/>& per alacritatem ex libidine animi rem omni neruorum & uiri<lb/>um contentione execuntur. </s> <s id="N400A4C">Atqui uidebis demor&longs;os alios &longs;alti<lb/>tando / Alios canendo / Alios alia exercendo & conando quæ libi<lb/>do eorum & in&longs;ania fert ad ultimam u&longs;que la&longs;&longs;itudinem: ne <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicque</expan> <lb/>intermi&longs;&longs;a opera dies plu&longs;culos de&longs;udare & nulla re alia conuale<lb/>&longs;cere ni&longs;i &longs;atietate <expan abbr="cõceptæ">conceptæ</expan> incohateque dementiæ. </s> <s id="N400A5F">Atqui &longs;imile <lb/>quiddam apud Albanos eos / qui contra Pompeium multa equi <lb/>tum ui bellarunt affui&longs;&longs;e legimus. </s> <s id="N400A66">Nanque illic &longs;olitas <expan abbr="ferũt">ferunt</expan> gigni <lb/>araneas: quarum aliæ tactos a &longs;e homines cogerent ridendo emo <lb/>ri: aliæ contra flendo.</s> </p> <p id="N400A71" type="main"> <s id="N400A73">Neque item in&longs;eligenda regione ea &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e tantum &longs;at e&longs;t: quæ <lb/>&longs;ub a&longs;pectu & propalam &longs;unt expo&longs;ita / Verum etiam ob&longs;curiori<lb/>bus inditiis notatis totam cau&longs;am animo aduerti&longs;&longs;e opus e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N400A7A">At <lb/>qui erunt quidem inditia optimi aeris / integrarumque aquarum &longs;i <lb/>ea regio feret bonorum fructuum copiam. </s> <s id="N400A81">Si &longs;enes ætate grandes <lb/>numero complures nutriat: Si ualida & formo&longs;a iuuentute / Si in<lb/>tegro & frequenti partu abbundabit: Adde &longs;i puros partus & nul<lb/>lis mon&longs;tris sedatos dabit. </s> <s id="N400A8A">Nanque ego uidi quidem urbes / quas <lb/>temporum gratia non nomino / in quibus parturiat nulla quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;e &longs;pectet una hominis: Atque præterea mon&longs;tri alicuius effectam <lb/>matrem. </s> <s id="N400A97">Vidi & urbem aliam Italiæ: ubi &longs;trumæ / &longs;trabi / claudi <lb/>& tortuo&longs;i tam multi na&longs;cantur / Vt nulla pene illic creuerit fa<lb/>milia / quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> aliquem habeat mancum et comminutum. </s> <s id="N400AA2">Et pro<lb/>fecto recte admonent / ubi corporis ad corpus membriue ad um<lb/>bra crebras ac maximas di&longs;&longs;imilitudines uideris: id celi aeri&longs;que <lb/>ui ac uitio: aut occultiori aliqua deprauatæ naturæ cau&longs;a fieri. <pb xlink:href="004/01/016.jpg"/>Et faciat ad rem quod aiunt in cra&longs;&longs;o aere minus fame&longs;cimus: In <lb/>tenui plus &longs;itiunt. </s> <s id="N400AB5">Neque non condecet ex aliorum animantium <lb/>forma atque effigie futuras hominum habitudines coniecta&longs;&longs;e. <lb/></s> <s id="N400ABB">Nam &longs;i iumenta & pecora firmi&longs;&longs;ima / & membrorum amplitu<lb/>dine atque proten&longs;ione multa e&longs;&longs;e illic uiderint / tales &longs;e habituros <lb/>itidem filios poterunt non iniuria &longs;pera&longs;&longs;e: Neque ab re erit &longs;i a <lb/>corporibus reliquis / quibus uitæ uigor extinctus <expan abbr="e&longs;t /ĩditia">e&longs;t / inditia</expan> &longs;ump<lb/>&longs;erimus aeris atque uentorum. </s> <s id="N400ACA">Namque ex proximis ædificiorum <lb/>structuris ea didici&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;umus: Quæ &longs;i erunt facta &longs;cabra & ca<lb/>rio&longs;a / inditio erit aduentitia inde mala confluere. </s> <s id="N400AD3">Arbores etiam <lb/>in unam aliquam partem qua&longs;i communi con&longs;en&longs;u proclinatæ: <lb/>aut refractæ in fe&longs;tis uentorum motibus ce&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e o&longs;tentant. </s> <s id="N400ADA">Ip&longs;aque <lb/>rediuiuia &longs;axa locis innata / aut po&longs;ita / &longs;i &longs;ummotenus plus &longs;atis <lb/>putria facta &longs;unt: Variam loci intemperiem nunc arde&longs;centis / <lb/>nunc torpentis aeris atte&longs;tantur. </s> <s id="N400AE3">Et uitanda nimirum hæc in pri<lb/>mis erit regio / qua uehementes i&longs;tiu&longs;modi temporum tempe&longs;ta<lb/>tumque motus cra&longs;&longs;entur: Nam mortalium corpora &longs;i caloris aut <lb/>frigoris acri appellente ui occupentur / illico tota corporis coag<lb/>mentatio: & &longs;ingularum partium connexio labefactatur ac &longs;olui<lb/>tur: & ad morbos immaturamque &longs;enectutem compellitur. </s> <s id="N400AF0">Vr<lb/>bem &longs;ub montibus / quæ ex procliui &longs;olem &longs;pectet occidentem: uel <lb/>ea re maxime in&longs;alubrem e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="affirmãt">affirmant</expan>: quod mox anhelitus noc<lb/>tis et umbræ gelidiores &longs;entiantur.</s> </p> <p id="N400AFF" type="main"> <s id="N400B01">Conuenit etiam præteritorum temporum uici&longs;&longs;itudine ex <expan abbr="prud&etilde;tum">pruden<lb/>tum</expan> ob&longs;eruatione repetita / &longs;i qua &longs;unt etiam rariora omni diligen<lb/>tia præcogita&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N400B0C">Nam &longs;unt loca quædam quibus ine&longs;t natura oc<lb/>cultum quippiam / quod ad felicitatem atque infelicitatem faciat. <lb/></s> <s id="N400B12">Locris et Crotonæ nunquam fui&longs;&longs;e pe&longs;tem referunt. </s> <s id="N400B15">In in&longs;ula cre<lb/>te nullum nocuum uer&longs;ari animal. <!-- REMOVE S-->Apud Gallias raro ui&longs;um <lb/>oriri mon&longs;trum annotarunt. </s> <s id="N400B1E">Alibi neque æ&longs;tate feruenti: neque <lb/>hyeme fulgurare affirmant phy&longs;ici. </s> <s id="N400B23">At in Campania inquit <lb/>Plinius per id tempus ciuitatibus ad meridiem po&longs;itis fulgu<lb/>rat. </s> <s id="N400B2A">Ceraumnia apud Epirum montes ferunt dictos a cre<lb/>bris fulminibus. </s> <s id="N400B2F">Tum & Beumnium in&longs;ulam <pb xlink:href="004/01/017.jpg"/>quod illic a&longs;&longs;idua fulmina iaciantur / poetis dedi&longs;&longs;e inquit Seruius: <lb/>Vt eo loci Vulcanum cecidi&longs;&longs;e dicerent. </s> <s id="N400B38">Apud Bo&longs;phorum &<lb/>in&longs;odones tonitrua & fulgura nunquam ui&longs;a atte&longs;tantur. </s> <s id="N400B3D">ægypto <lb/>portenti loco e&longs;t &longs;i plerit. </s> <s id="N400B42">Apud Hyda&longs;pem æ&longs;tatis initio conti<lb/>nui imbres manant. </s> <s id="N400B47">In Lybia tam raros moueri uentos ferunt: ut <lb/>ex celi cra&longs;&longs;itudine uariæ per aerem concretæ uaporibus &longs;pecies <lb/>&longs;pectentur. </s> <s id="N400B4E">At contra maiore in parte Galatiæ per æ&longs;tatem tanta <lb/>uis perflat uenti: Vt lapides pro harena per &longs;ublime trahat. </s> <s id="N400B53">In <lb/>Hy&longs;pania ad hibernum circio uento onerata per celi plau&longs;tra præ<lb/>dicant. </s> <s id="N400B5A">Notum quidem apud æthiopiam non perflare: Hunc ue<lb/>ro apud Arabes uentum & toglodytas uirentia omnia exurere af<lb/>firmant hi&longs;torici. </s> <s id="N400B61">Delon quidem nunquam fui&longs;&longs;e terræ motibus <lb/>uexatam / Sed &longs;emper eodem man&longs;i&longs;&longs;e &longs;axo / cum circumuicinæ <lb/><expan abbr="terræmõtibus">terræmontibus </expan>cæciderint &longs;cribit Tuchidides: partem eam Italiæ <lb/>quæ ab algido &longs;ub Roma <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> hernicorum collium tractu ad ca<lb/>pua u&longs;que e&longs;t / crebris <expan abbr="terræmõtibus">terræmontibus</expan> qua&longs;&longs;atam: & prope de&longs;ola<lb/>tam uidemus. </s> <s id="N400B72">Sunt qui Achaiam a crebra aquarum inundatio<lb/>ne dictam extiment. </s> <s id="N400B77">Romam æternum febrico&longs;am fui&longs;&longs;e compe<lb/>rio: Ea&longs;que febres Galienus nouum emitritarum e&longs;&longs;e genus putet: <lb/>Cui uaria & prope pugnantia inuarias horas remedia adhibenda <lb/>&longs;unt. </s> <s id="N400B80">Apud poetas uetus fabula e&longs;t Typhonem prochita in&longs;ula &longs;e<lb/>pultum &longs;e &longs;e non interrato commouere: ex quo fiat ut funditus <lb/>in&longs;ula contremi&longs;cat: Id quidem poetæ &longs;ic cecinere quoniam <expan abbr="terræmõtibus">ter<lb/>ræmontibus </expan> in&longs;ula & eruptionibus uexaretur / adeo ut Etrien&longs;es: <lb/>& calchiden&longs;es habitatores olim coacti &longs;int aufugere: & rur&longs;us <lb/>qui po&longs;t tempora a Hyerone Syracu&longs;ano mi&longs;&longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent / ut nouam <lb/>illic urbem conderent / a&longs;&longs;idui periculi et calamitatis metu au&longs;u <lb/>gerunt. </s> <s id="N400B93">Itaque eiu&longs;modi omnia ex longa ob&longs;eruatione repetenda <lb/>&longs;unt & ex aliorum locorum &longs;imilitudinibus comparanda / quo to<lb/>ta ratio integrior habeatur.</s> </p> <p id="N400B9A" type="main"> <s id="N400B9C">Quin et di&longs;quirendum an nullis incommodis occultioribus ea re<lb/>gio offendi a&longs;&longs;ueuerit: Putabat plato e&longs;&longs;e ut locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> nullis <expan abbr="diuĩa">diuina</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> in&longs;piret uigetque uis ac <expan abbr="demonũ">demonum</expan> terminatio incolis <lb/>aut propitia aut contra infe&longs;ta. </s> <s id="N400BB8">Sunt quidem loca quibus homines <pb xlink:href="004/01/018.jpg"/>facile in&longs;aniant: quibus &longs;e &longs;e facile in pernitiem dedant: quibus <lb/>aut &longs;u&longs;pendio aut præcipitio aut ferro et ueneno facile uitam po<lb/>nant. </s> <s id="N400BC3">Adde his quod &longs;ecretioribus iterum naturæ inditiis per&longs;cru<lb/>tatis / quæcunque ad rem faciant pen&longs;ita&longs;&longs;e opus e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N400BC8">Vetus a De<lb/>metrio u&longs;que ductum in&longs;titutum non modo urbibus: & oppidis / <lb/>Verum etiam militaribus in dies ca&longs;tris ponendis: Vt iecora de <lb/>pa&longs;tarum illic pecudum in&longs;pectemur quo &longs;int habitu & colore: <lb/>Quæ &longs;i forte uitio infecta apparuerint / uitandam loci in&longs;alubrita<lb/>tem præ &longs;e ferunt. </s> <s id="N400BD5">Aiebat Varro compertum habere &longs;e locis <lb/>quibu&longs;dam minuti&longs;&longs;ima quædam athomorum in&longs;tar uolitare ani<lb/>mantia aere: & anhelitu in pulmone excepta hærere præcordiis: <lb/>Et rodendo inferre morbum atrum & <expan abbr="tabificũ">tabificum</expan>: atque perinde pe<lb/>&longs;tem pernitiemque afferre. </s> <s id="N400BE4">Neque illud prætereundum e&longs;t / quod lo<lb/>ca inuenies aliqua &longs;uapte natura incommodis prope omnibus ua<lb/>cua & periculis libera: Sed ita &longs;unt expo&longs;ita / ut eo gentes exteræ <lb/>& aduentitiæ / non interrato pe&longs;tem & calamitatem inferant.</s> </p> <p id="N400BED" type="main"> <s id="N400BEF">Eamque rem non armis tantum & iniuria exequuntur qualia &longs;unt <lb/>quæ Barbaris atque immanibus obiiciantur: Verum & per amiciti<lb/>am atque <expan abbr="ho&longs;pitalitat&etilde;">ho&longs;pitalitatem</expan> uehementer ledant. </s> <s id="N400BFA">Aliqui quod uicinos cupi <lb/>dos rerum nouarum habuerint / ex illorum ruina et iactura pere<lb/>clitati &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N400C01">Peram in ponto ianuen&longs;ium coloniam a&longs;&longs;iduo pe&longs;tis <lb/>uexat / quod eo loci in dies excipiantur conuecti &longs;erui cum animi <lb/>egritudine. </s> <s id="N400C08">tum et &longs;itu atque illuuiæ tabe&longs;centes & morbidi.</s> </p> <p id="N400C0B" type="main"> <s id="N400C0D">Au&longs;piciis item & &longs;eruato celo regionis futuram fortunam inda<lb/>ga&longs;&longs;e prudentis & bene con&longs;ulti e&longs;&longs;e affirmant: Quas ego artes <lb/>modo cum relligione conueniant / minime a&longs;pernendas duco.</s> </p> <p id="N400C14" type="main"> <s id="N400C16">Quis id negabit quicquid id ip&longs;um &longs;it quod fortunam <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan> <lb/>in rebus hominum ualere plurimum? </s> <s id="N400C1F">Ne uero affirmabimus pu<lb/>blicam urbis Romæ fortunam ad propagandum imperium ualu<lb/>i&longs;&longs;e non plurimum. </s> <s id="N400C26">yolai urbem in &longs;ardis ab Herculis nepote <expan abbr="cõditam">con<lb/>ditam</expan> / & &longs;i a Carthaginen&longs;ibus Romani&longs;que per&longs;æpius armis la<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ita extiterit: <expan abbr="æternũ">æternum</expan> tamen fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="liberã">liberam</expan> &longs;cribit Dyodorus. </s> <s id="N400C39">An <lb/>id ab&longs;que loci illius fortuna <expan abbr="fcũm">factum</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> apud delphos / ut <expan abbr="t&etilde;plũ">templum</expan> a Flegi<lb/>a prius <expan abbr="ĩc&etilde;&longs;um/tertio">incen&longs;um / tertio</expan> <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;yllæ <expan abbr="tpõribus">temporibus</expan> arderet? </s> <s id="N400C58">quod & <expan abbr="capitoliũ">capitolium</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/019.jpg"/>quotiens ar&longs;it? </s> <s id="N400C63">quotiens flagrauit? </s> <s id="N400C66">Sibaricen&longs;ium urbs cum <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> <lb/>atque iterum uexata et rur&longs;us de&longs;tituta et rur&longs;us deleta extiti&longs;&longs;et: <lb/>Po&longs;tremo etiam de&longs;erta man&longs;it: Quin & illinc fugientes mala <lb/>pro&longs;ecuta felicitas e&longs;t: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> cum alio &longs;e &longs;e <expan abbr="trã&longs;tuli&longs;&longs;ent">tran&longs;tuli&longs;&longs;ent</expan>, nomenque ur<lb/>bis pri&longs;tinum abieci&longs;&longs;ent: tandem calamitate e&longs;&longs;e immunes neque <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> potuere: Nouis enim irruentibus incolis uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imæ atque pri<lb/>mariæ familiæ omnes ferro et cæde ab&longs;umpte una cum templis et <lb/>urbe funditus periere: Sed i&longs;ta &longs;inamus: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> referti&longs;&longs;imæ &longs;unt <lb/>hi&longs;toricae. </s> <s id="N400C91">Hoc apud nos con&longs;tet hominis e&longs;&longs;e non &longs;tulti&longs;&longs;imi / om<lb/>nia tentare aggredi: quibus ædificationis cura atque impen&longs;a futu<lb/>ra &longs;it non fru&longs;tra / opu&longs;que ip&longs;um futurum &longs;it con&longs;tans & &longs;aluberri<lb/>mum: Et profecto in tanta re exequenda nihil pretermi&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;api&etilde;tis">&longs;apien<lb/>tis</expan> & bene con&longs;iderati hominis officium e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N400CA2">An e&longs;t non <expan abbr="maximũ">maximum</expan> <lb/>tibi tui&longs;que aggredi / quod ad <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> faciat / quod ad uitam cum di<lb/>gnitate & uoluptate agendam conueniat: Quod adnominis po&longs;te<lb/>ritatem & celebritatem conferat. </s> <s id="N400CB3">I&longs;tic tibi rerum &longs;tudia optima <lb/>rum: I&longs;tic tibi liberi & dulcis familia. </s> <s id="N400CBA">I&longs;tic ocii & negocii dies ha<lb/>bebuntur: I&longs;tic totius uitæ rationes con&longs;umentur: ut tota in uita <lb/>nihil apud genus hominum inuenire opiner præter uirtutem / cui <lb/>maiore cura / opera / diligentia uacandum <expan abbr="&longs;it/&qtilde;">&longs;it / quae</expan> ut &longs;o&longs;pite eum fa <lb/>milia bene habites: & bene habitari his neglectis rebus / quæ <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen<lb/>&longs;uimus</expan> / quis e&longs;t qui po&longs;&longs;e affirmet? </s> <s id="N400CCF">Sed de his hactenus: <expan abbr="Sequi&ttilde;">Sequitur</expan> <lb/>ut de area inue&longs;tigemus. </s> <s id="N400CD8">In area captanda quicquid de regione <lb/>di&longs;&longs;eruimus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãdum">ob&longs;eruandum</expan> e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N400CE1">Namque uti quidem regio amplieris <lb/>cuiu&longs;dam prouinciæ certa &longs;electaque e&longs;t pars: Ita & area totius re<lb/>gionis præ&longs;criptum & definitum quoddam <expan abbr="&longs;patiũ">&longs;patium</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;/quod">esse / quod</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ad ædificium habendum occupatur: Ea de re ferme omnia habet <lb/>area cum regione communia quæ ad laudem uituperationemque <lb/>faciant. </s> <s id="N400CFC">Verum hæc tam et &longs;i ita &longs;int / habet tamen di&longs;qui&longs;itio et <lb/>aduer&longs;io hæc præceptiones qua&longs;dam quæ unice et proprie ad are<lb/>am &longs;pectare uideantur: Qua&longs;dam etiam quæ non tantum ad a<lb/>reæ <expan abbr="p&longs;cription&etilde;">per&longs;criptionem</expan> <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan>: Quin multa ex <expan abbr="&ptilde;te">parte</expan> quoque ad <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> <expan abbr="rões">rationes</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ptineãt">pertineant</expan>: et &longs;unt huiu&longs;modi: Nam con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet quod aggredia<lb/>mur publicum ne opus / an priuatum: &longs;acrum ne an profanum: et <pb xlink:href="004/01/020.jpg"/>cætera generis eiu&longs;dem: de quibus &longs;uo loco di&longs;tinctius loquemur <lb/>Aliud enim foro / aliud theatro / aliud pale&longs;træ / aliud templo &longs;pa<lb/>tii locorumque debetur. </s> <s id="N400D21">Itaque pro cuiu&longs;que ratione et u&longs;u habendus <lb/>areæ &longs;itus erit & modus. </s> <s id="N400D26">Verum hoc loco ut generatim i&longs;ta / uti <lb/>cepimus / pro&longs;equamur / ea tantum attingemus: quæ fore nece&longs;&longs;a<lb/>ria arbitramur / Si prius de lineis aliqua retulero / quæ ad rem <expan abbr="cõmode">com<lb/>mode</expan> exprimendam faciant. </s> <s id="N400D33">Nam de areæ de&longs;criptione tractanti<lb/>bus conuenit ut de his tran&longs;igamus / quibus ip&longs;a per&longs;criptio anno<lb/>tatur. </s> <s id="N400D3A">Omnis igitur per&longs;criptio lineis fit & angulis / Lineæ qui<lb/>dem &longs;unt extrema per&longs;criptio / qua integræ areæ &longs;patium circun<lb/>cluditur. </s> <s id="N400D41"><expan abbr="Hãc">Hanc</expan> uero ad per&longs;criptionem pars illa &longs;uperficiei &longs;ub&longs;ti<lb/>tuta / quæ intra duas mutuo &longs;e &longs;e intercidentes lineas continetur / <lb/>angulus dicitur. </s> <s id="N400D4B">Atqui ex mutua quidem duarum linearum <expan abbr="ĩter">inter</expan> <lb/>&longs;ectione quatuor con&longs;cribuntur anguli: Quorum &longs;i erit qui&longs;que <lb/>quibu&longs;que trium reliquorum equalis / recti nuncupabuntur: Et qui <lb/>recto minores erunt / acuti appellabuntur: ut qui recto ampliores <lb/>obtu&longs;i dicentur. </s> <s id="N400D5A">Linearum item alia recta / alia flexa / cocleas &<lb/>uertico&longs;as lineas hic non e&longs;t ut referam. </s> <s id="N400D5F">Recta linea a puncto e&longs;t <lb/>ad punctum ob longa per&longs;criptio / ducta ita ut fieri nulla po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>breuior. </s> <s id="N400D66">Flexa linea pars e&longs;t circuli. </s> <s id="N400D69">Circulus e&longs;t ea per&longs;criptio <lb/>facta ab altero duorum punctorum: qui in eadem &longs;uperficie ita <lb/>&longs;it circumactus / ut toto per&longs;criptionis ductu &longs;emper neque plus: ne <lb/>que di&longs;tet minus a medio immobili / quem obambiat puncto / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>primum circunduci occeperat. </s> <s id="N400D7C">Sed his addendum quod flexa line<lb/>a quam e&longs;&longs;e partem circuli diximus / apud nos hic architectos &longs;i<lb/>militudinis gratia arcus uocatur. </s> <s id="N400D83">Et quæ linea aduobus extremis <lb/>punctis flexæ lineæ directa ducitur pari &longs;imilitudine corda <expan abbr="nuncupabi&ttilde;">nun<lb/>cupabitur</expan>. </s> <s id="N400D8D">Et quæ linea a puncto mediæ corde coæquabilibus <expan abbr="utrĩ">utris</expan><lb/>que angulis ad arcum u&longs;que perducta extiterit / &longs;agicta appellabitur <lb/>Et quæ linea a puncto <expan abbr="ĩmobili/qd">immobili / quod</expan> intra circulum e&longs;t ad <expan abbr="flexã">flexam</expan> ean <lb/>demque <expan abbr="extremã">extremam</expan> circuli <expan abbr="lineã">lineam</expan> <expan abbr="pducere&ttilde;/radius">perduceretur / radius</expan> <expan abbr="dice&ttilde;">dicetur</expan>. </s> <s id="N400DB2">Et <expan abbr="pũcto">puncto</expan> quod <lb/>huic <expan abbr="ĩmobili/quod">immobili / quod</expan> medium intra circulum a&longs;&longs;idet centro nomen <lb/>erit: Et quæ linea recta <expan abbr="pcentrũ">per centrum</expan> tran&longs;iens duobus locis <expan abbr="flexã">flexam</expan> circu<lb/>li <expan abbr="lineã">lineam</expan> &longs;ecabit / diameter <expan abbr="appellabi&ttilde;">appellabitur</expan>. </s> <s id="N400DD3">Inter arcus <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> differentia e&longs;t <pb xlink:href="004/01/021.jpg"/>Nanque alius integer: alius comminutus: alius compo&longs;itus e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N400DDE">In<lb/>teger is e&longs;t qui circuli mediam <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> occupat / hoc e&longs;t / cui corda <lb/>integri e&longs;t circuli diameter: Comminutus: cui corda e&longs;t minor di<lb/>ametro: e&longs;tque perinde idem is arcus <expan abbr="c&etilde;mirutus">comminutus</expan> &longs;emicirculi pars: <lb/>Compo&longs;itus ex duobus comminutis con&longs;tat: efficitque ea dere in &longs;um<lb/>mo angulum arcubus &longs;e &longs;e mutua iunctione inter&longs;ecantibus: quod <lb/>neque integro neque comminuto euenit. </s> <s id="N400DF5">His cognitis rem &longs;ic pro&longs;e<lb/>quemur. </s> <s id="N400DFA">Arearum alia <expan abbr="ãguiaris">angularis</expan>: alia circularis. </s> <s id="N400E01">Angularium alia <lb/>penitus rectis lineis. </s> <s id="N400E06">Alia rectis & flexis <expan abbr="mixtī">mixtim</expan> conclu&longs;a e&longs;t: Quæ <lb/>uero angularis flexis pluribus &longs;it lineis po&longs;ita / nullis inter mi&longs;&longs;is <lb/>rectis me in ueterum ædificiis inueni&longs;&longs;e non memini. </s> <s id="N400E11">At in his <lb/>ob&longs;eruanda ea &longs;unt / quæ in totis ædificii partibus uehementer ui<lb/>tuperantur &longs;i de&longs;int: et non &longs;ine gratia et commoditate habentur: <lb/>&longs;i ad&longs;int: hoc e&longs;t ut cum angulis: tum lineis: tum etiam partibus <lb/>quibu&longs;que uarietas <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> ad&longs;it: Ne <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> quod <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s /ne">frequens / ne</expan>ue <expan abbr="oīo">omnino</expan> ra<lb/>ra / &longs;ed ita ad u&longs;um et gratiam po&longs;ita / ut integra integris: et pari<lb/>bus paria conre&longs;pondeant. </s> <s id="N400E30">Rectis angulis percommode utuntur: <lb/>Acutis angulis nemo u&longs;us e&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> minimis in areis & neglectis ni&longs;i <lb/>inuitus et cogente aut locorum aut dignarum arearum <expan abbr="rõe">ratione</expan> et modo <lb/>obtu&longs;os angulos &longs;atis decentes putarunt: &longs;ed hoc &longs;eruarunt ut nu<lb/>mero e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="nu&longs;&quml;">nu&longs;quam</expan> di&longs;pares. </s> <s id="N400E43">Aream omnium capaci&longs;&longs;imam et in <lb/>qua &longs;apienda &longs;eu aggere &longs;eu muro minus impen&longs;e <expan abbr="habea&ttilde;/eã">habeatur / eam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>affirmant quæ fiet <expan abbr="rotũda">rotunda</expan>: Proximam huic putant quæ plurimos <lb/>habeat proiectos angulos: Sed e&longs;&longs;e oportet angulos <expan abbr="oīo">omnino</expan> compares <lb/>mutuoque corre&longs;pondentes atque coæquabiles omni in area. </s> <s id="N400E5A">Atqui <lb/>has quidem in primis comprobant / quas intelligant parietes attol<lb/>lere commode ad operis altitudinem recte &longs;tatuendam uti ea e&longs;t: <lb/>quæ &longs;ex / quæue octo habeat angulos. </s> <s id="N400E63">Vidimus et aream angulo<lb/>rum decem apti&longs;&longs;imam & uenu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imam. </s> <s id="N400E68">E&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> ut recte poni an<lb/>gulorum area queat duodecim atque item &longs;exdecim: Vidimus qui<lb/>dem quatuor & uiginti angulorum aream: &longs;ed rariora i&longs;tec. </s> <s id="N400E73">Laterum li<lb/>neas ita <expan abbr="c&etilde;">causae</expan> oportet ut e regione oppo&longs;itæ coæquales &longs;int: et <expan abbr="nus&quml;">nusquam</expan> lon<lb/>gi&longs;&longs;ime lineæ toto in ope breui&longs;&longs;imi uno perducto adigentur: Sed <lb/>erit inter eas pro rata rerum iu&longs;ta & condecens proportio. </s> <s id="N400E80">Angu<pb xlink:href="004/01/022.jpg"/>los eo uer&longs;us iubent &longs;tatui / unde courgens aut ponderis ex rupe: <lb/>aquarum aut <expan abbr="u&etilde;torum">uentorum</expan> impetus et uis immineat atque impetat quo <lb/>apellentem iniuriam molem diffindat atque di&longs;&longs;ipet / muris fronte <lb/>ualida non imbecillitate laterum aduer&longs;us <expan abbr="mole&longs;tiã">mole&longs;tiam</expan> ut ita loquar <lb/>illuctantibus: Quod &longs;i cætera ædificii lineamenta euetuerint quo <lb/>minus po&longs;&longs;is angulo i&longs;tic uti ex &longs;ententia / flexione utendum erit <lb/>quando et flexa linea circuli e&longs;t pars: et circulus ip&longs;e philo&longs;opho <lb/>rum &longs;ententia totus e&longs;t angulus. </s> <s id="N400E9D">Cæterum area aut plano <expan abbr="pone&ttilde;">ponetur</expan> <lb/>loco / aut accliui / aut &longs;ummo in montis uertice. </s> <s id="N400EA6">Si plano ponetur <lb/>loco / coaggerare oportet: et qua&longs;i podium &longs;ub&longs;truere: Nam id <lb/>cum ad dignitatem plurimum conferat: tum et ni fiat / <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>incommodorum afferet. </s> <s id="N400EB3">Fluminum enim et imbrium alluuiones <lb/>afferre limum &longs;olent planis locis: quo fit ut ip&longs;um &longs;olum &longs;en&longs;um <lb/>intumule&longs;cat: tum et hominum negligentia non a&longs;portatis rude<lb/>ribus et purgamentis / quæ in dies de&longs;tituuntur plana facile <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>cre&longs;cunt. </s> <s id="N400EC2">Romam aiebat Frontinus architectus &longs;ua ætate colli<lb/>bus excreui&longs;&longs;e propter incendiorum frequentiam: At eam ip&longs;am <lb/>hac ætate uidemus totam ruinis & seditate obrutam: Vidi ego in <lb/>umbria &longs;acellum uetu&longs;tum plano in loco po&longs;itum / tamen multa <lb/>ex parte &longs;ubmer&longs;um / facta &longs;oli in &longs;e ex cretione quod ea planities <lb/>&longs;ub montibus extendatur. </s> <s id="N400ECF">Sed quid ea memorem / quæ &longs;ub <expan abbr="mõtibus">monti<lb/>bus</expan> &longs;unt apud Rauennam? </s> <s id="N400ED8">&longs;ub pomeriis nobile id delubrum: cui <lb/>pro tecto integrum extat lapideum uas / tam et &longs;i ad mare & <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> <lb/>a montibus re&longs;ideat / plus tamen quarta &longs;ui parte intra &longs;olum im<lb/>mer&longs;um e&longs;t ui temporum: Quam uero altam e&longs;&longs;e cuiu&longs;que arae <lb/>exaggerationem oporteat / &longs;uo dicetur loco: cum de his rebus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;ummatim ut hic / &longs;ed di&longs;tinctius loquemur. </s> <s id="N400EEE">Sed e&longs;&longs;e quamque are<lb/>am / aut natura aut arte <expan abbr="fcãm">scientiam</expan> <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imã">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> conuenit: qua de re illos <expan abbr="ī">in</expan><lb/>primis audiendos puto / qui mouent ut una aut altera &longs;patio <expan abbr="di&longs;tãtibus">di&longs;tan<lb/>tibus</expan> fo&longs;&longs;ione quid &longs;olum id den&longs;itate aut raritate mollitiaue ad <lb/>ferenda &longs;tructuræ onera per&longs;e ualeat / per&longs;crutemur. </s> <s id="N400F09">Et enim &longs;i ac<lb/>cliui ponetur loco pro&longs;piciendum e&longs;t / ne &longs;uperiora pre&longs;&longs;uræ mo<lb/>le&longs;tiis impellant: aut inferiora &longs;i forte moueantur / cætera in rui <lb/>nam trahant. </s> <s id="N400F12">Firmi&longs;&longs;imam quidem & omni exparte obfirmatam <pb xlink:href="004/01/023.jpg"/>uelim hanc e&longs;&longs;e ædificii partem: quæ totius operis futura &longs;it ba&longs;is <lb/>Si erit area in montis uertice / aut erit ea quidem exaggeranda ali<lb/>qua ex parte: aut decu&longs;&longs;o <expan abbr="cacumīe">cacumine</expan> <expan abbr="præ&longs;urg&etilde;tis">præ&longs;urgentis</expan> <expan abbr="mõtis">montis</expan> <expan abbr="coequãda">coequanda</expan>. </s> <s id="N400F2D">Hic <lb/><expan abbr="pro&longs;pici&etilde;dum">pro&longs;piciendum</expan> e&longs;t ut id aggrediamur: quod &longs;eruata dignitate mo<lb/>derata et modica fiat cum impen&longs;a atque labore. </s> <s id="N400F37">Forta&longs;&longs;is quidem <lb/>conducet partem ab &longs;ublimi excidere: et partem accliuam exagge<lb/>rare: Quam rem bene <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ultus">con&longs;ultus</expan> qui&longs;quis fuit ille architectus apud <lb/>alacrum hernicam urbem in &longs;axeo <expan abbr="mõte">monte</expan> po&longs;itam effecit. </s> <s id="N400F48">Curauit <lb/>enim ut ba&longs;is &longs;eu arcis / &longs;eu templa: quæ &longs;ola nunc cæteris <expan abbr="&longs;u&ptilde;">&longs;uper</expan> ædi<lb/>ficationibus dirutis uidetur / ex re&longs;ci&longs;&longs;isa &longs;ummo uertice <expan abbr="fragm&etilde;tis">fragmen<lb/>tis</expan> &longs;ubfirmata et &longs;ub&longs;trata extaret: Et eo in opere illud e&longs;t / quod <lb/>maiorem in modum probem: Nam obiecit angulum areæ eo uer<lb/>&longs;us unde repens montis pendet: eumque con&longs;olidauit angulum con<lb/>ge&longs;tis prægrandibus immanium fragmentorum fru&longs;tis et mole: <lb/>Deditque operam componendis lapidibus: ut &longs;tructuræ &longs;eruata par<lb/>&longs;imonia decorem afferret: Et illius quoque con&longs;ilium placuit archi<lb/>tecti: qui quidem quo loci non u&longs;que adeo tantam lapidis habuerat <lb/>copiam &longs;ub&longs;tituendo montis pondere aggerem &longs;truxerit frequen<lb/>tibus emiciclis dor&longs;o flexarum linearum intra montem abiiecto: <lb/>Quæ &longs;tructura cum grata e&longs;t a&longs;pectu / tum e&longs;t & firmi&longs;&longs;ima: tum <lb/>etiam an impen&longs;arum rationem facit: Nam efficit quidem <expan abbr="murũ">murum</expan> <lb/>non &longs;olidum / qui tantum habeat uirium / ac &longs;i penitus fui&longs;&longs;et &longs;oli<lb/>dus / latitudine quanta & flexarum linearum illic &longs;agictæ &longs;unt: <lb/>Vitruuii quoque ratio per placet: quam uideo Romæ pa&longs;&longs;im a ue<lb/>teribus architectis / ac præ&longs;ertim in tarquinii aggere <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruatã">ob&longs;eruatam</expan> ut <lb/>anterides &longs;ub&longs;tituerentur: Sed non omnibus locis id ob&longs;eruarunt <lb/>ut &longs;emper inter &longs;e anterides tantum di&longs;tarent <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ip&longs;a e&longs;&longs;et alta &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tructio: Sed pro montis firmitate aut / ut ita loquar / labilitate / <lb/>modo frequentiores: modo rariores po&longs;uerunt: Animaduerti eti<lb/>am ueteres architectos non <expan abbr="unã">unam</expan> proximam propter <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> &longs;ub&longs;truc<lb/>tione fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõtentos">contentos</expan>: &longs;ed pluribus / qua&longs;i gradibus adinfimas u&longs;que <lb/>radices montis totas rupes firmatas e&longs;&longs;e uolui&longs;&longs;e ': Quorum ego <lb/>con&longs;ilium minime negligendum puto. </s> <s id="N400F95">Ad Peru&longs;iam riuus qui <lb/>inter lucinium montem & collem urbis fluit / quod a&longs;&longs;iduo collis <pb xlink:href="004/01/024.jpg"/>radices abrodendo &longs;ub ea cauet totam accliuitatis molem in &longs;e im<lb/>pendentem commouet: ex quo magna pars urbis &longs;oluitur et laba<lb/>&longs;cit: Et mihi quidem uehementer probantur &longs;acella complu&longs;cula <lb/>quæ ad ba&longs;ilicam maximam in uaticano hinc atque hinc circum a<lb/>ream adacta &longs;unt: Nam i&longs;tarum quidem eæ / quæ intra exci&longs;um: <lb/>& info&longs;&longs;um montem po&longs;itæ ad parietem ba&longs;ilicæ cohærent per plu<lb/>rimum adminiculi et commoditatis præ&longs;tant: <expan abbr="mol&etilde;">molem</expan> <expan abbr="enī">enim</expan> continuo <lb/>ingraue&longs;centis montis &longs;ub&longs;tentant: et per obliquum montem &longs;uf<lb/>fluentem humiditatem intercipiunt: atque <expan abbr="inedem">in eundem</expan> aditum interpel<lb/>lant: quo fit ut ba&longs;ilicæ primarius paries &longs;iccior firmiorque <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan> <lb/>Quæ uero &longs;acella alterum ad infimum obliqui montis latus a&longs;&longs;i <lb/>dent: ea quidem totam &longs;uperiorem complanatiorem factam opere <lb/>arcuato &longs;i&longs;tere / & pronos omnes telluris lap&longs;us coercendo facile <lb/>po&longs;&longs;unt ferre. </s> <s id="N400FC4">Et eum etiam architectum / qui Romæ ad latonam <lb/>templum &longs;truxit / per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> recte <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ului&longs;&longs;e">con&longs;ului&longs;&longs;e</expan> operi & &longs;ub&longs;tructuræ ad<lb/>uerti: Angulum enim areæ ita porrexit intra &longs;uper <expan abbr="in&longs;ident&etilde;">in&longs;identem</expan> <expan abbr="mõtem">mon<lb/>tem</expan> / ut urgentem ponderis uim duo directi parietes tolerarent / <lb/>& obiecto angulo aduer&longs;am mole&longs;tiam <expan abbr="diuider&etilde;t">diuiderent</expan> atque <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;ipar&etilde;t">di&longs;&longs;iparent</expan> <lb/>Atqui po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> de ueterum laudibus dicere aggre&longs;&longs;i &longs;umus / qui <lb/>prudenti con&longs;ilio <expan abbr="ædificarũt / illud">ædificarunt / illud</expan> nolim præterii&longs;&longs;e quod in <expan abbr="m&etilde;tem">men<lb/>tem</expan> redit & ægregie facit ad rem. </s> <s id="N400FF9">Extat architecti per utile in&longs;ti<lb/>tutum apud Venetias in templo Marci: Aream enim totius tem<lb/>pli <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> conferti&longs;&longs;ime ob&longs;olidaret pluribus puteis refo&longs;&longs;am reliquit: <lb/>quo &longs;iqui forte flatus terræ &longs;ubter conciperentur / facilem &longs;ibi exi<lb/>tum uendicarent: Po&longs;tremo areas uniuer&longs;as / quas tecto feceris op<lb/>tas ad libellam coæqua&longs;&longs;e condecet. </s> <s id="N40100A">Quæ uero &longs;ub diuo relictæ <lb/>&longs;int a libella ip&longs;a non plus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut imbrium defluxus efferant depri<lb/>mendæ &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N401011">Sed de his hactenus & forta&longs;&longs;is plura <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> hic locus po<lb/>&longs;ceret: Nam pleraque harum rerum quæ diximus ad murorum opus <lb/>faciunt: Sed ita incidit / ut quæ natura admodum inter &longs;e <expan abbr="cõnexa">connexa</expan> <lb/>&longs;unt / ea & nos dicendo non &longs;egregarimus: Sequitur ut de partio<lb/>ne dicendum &longs;it. </s> <s id="N401020">Tota uis ingenii: omni&longs;que rerum <expan abbr="ædificãdarum">ædificanda<lb/>rum</expan> ars et peritia una in partione con&longs;umitur. </s> <s id="N401029">Integri enim ædifi<lb/>cii partes: et partium &longs;ingularum integras / ut ita loquar / habi<pb xlink:href="004/01/025.jpg"/>tudines: omniumque denique linearum et angulorum con&longs;en&longs;um et <lb/>cohe&longs;ionem in unum opus: una hæc partitio utilitatis / dignitatis <lb/>amænitat i&longs;que habita ratione commetitur. </s> <s id="N401036">quod &longs;i ciuitas philo&longs;opho<lb/>rum &longs;ententia maxima quædam e&longs;t domu&longs;: & contra domus <expan abbr="ipã">ipsa</expan> <lb/>minima quædam e&longs;t ciuitas: quid ni harum ip&longs;arum membra mi<lb/>nima quædam e&longs;&longs;e domicilia dicentur? </s> <s id="N401043">uti e&longs;t atrium / xi&longs;tus / ce<lb/>naculum / porticus et huiu&longs;modi: Et in horum quo uis quid nam <lb/>erit aut in curia aut negligentia prætermi&longs;&longs;um: quod non digni<lb/>tati & laudi operis officiat? </s> <s id="N40104C">Plurimum igitur curæ & diligentiæ <lb/>adhibendum e&longs;t his rebus con&longs;iderandis: quæ ad uniuer&longs;um opus <lb/>faciunt: dandaque opera ut etiam minime partes e&longs;&longs;e ingenio et ar<lb/>te conformes factæ uideantur. </s> <s id="N401055">Hanc ad rem apte & commode per<lb/>ficiendam &longs;uperiora omnia quæ de regione deque area dicta &longs;unt / <lb/>per pulchre conueniunt: ac ueluti inanimante membra membris / <lb/>ita in ædificio partes partibus re&longs;pondeant / condecet. </s> <s id="N40105E">Ex quo il<lb/>lud dictum e&longs;t quod aiunt: Maximorum ædificiorum maxima <lb/>oportere e&longs;&longs;e membra: Quam quidem rem ita ob&longs;eruarunt uete<lb/>res / ut cum cætera / tum & lateres ponerent publicis & ampli&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mis ædificiis maiores <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in priuatis. </s> <s id="N401069">Itaque cuique <expan abbr="m&etilde;bro">membro</expan> apta regio <lb/>accomodatus &longs;itus: & contribuetur non amplior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> rei u&longs;us exi<lb/>gat / non minor <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> dignitas po&longs;tulet: non loco alieno & <expan abbr="impertin&etilde;">impertinen</expan><lb/>ti / &longs;ed &longs;uo & ita proprio ut alibi commodius e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="nu&longs;&quml;">nu&longs;quam</expan> potuerit. <lb/></s> <s id="N40107F">Non enim quæ hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima ædis pars futura e&longs;t reiecto in loco: <lb/>Non quæ maxime publica in abdito: Non item quæ priuata in <lb/>propatulo collocabitur. </s> <s id="N401086">Adde quod etiam temporum rationes haben<lb/>dæ &longs;unt / ut alia æ&longs;tiuis / alia hybernis locis attribuantur: Nanque a<lb/>liæ aliis debentur & &longs;itus & magnitudines: æ&longs;tiuas laxiores e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: hybernæ uero compre&longs;&longs;iores &longs;i erunt / non <expan abbr="improbabun&ttilde;">improbabuntur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N401094">Tum e&longs;tiuis umbra & uenti: hybernis &longs;oles debentur: Et in his ca<lb/>uendum e&longs;t / ne incolis eueniat ut ex hoc loco frigenti alterum in <lb/>locum æ&longs;tuo&longs;um equabili non intermi&longs;&longs;o aere exeant: Aut i&longs;to ex <lb/>tepenti in alterum brumis & uentis infe&longs;tum: Nam id <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> ma<lb/>xime &longs;aluti corporum officeret: Et cedant ea quidem inter &longs;e <expan abbr="m&etilde;bra">men<lb/>bra</expan> mutuo oportet ad communem totius operis laudem & <expan abbr="grãm">gratiam</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/026.jpg"/>con&longs;tituendam uel componendam: ne quid omnis decoris conatu <lb/>occupato / alteræ penitus neglectæ relinquantur: Sed inter &longs;e ita <lb/>conueniant / ut inde unum integrum recteque con&longs;titutum corpus <lb/>magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> diuul&longs;a et di&longs;&longs;ipata e&longs;&longs;e membra uideantur. </s> <s id="N4010B7">Cæterum <expan abbr="ī">in</expan> <lb/>membris conformandis mode&longs;tiam nature imitari oportet: Neque <lb/>enim uti in reliquis / &longs;ic et in hac re <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> magis <expan abbr="&longs;obrietat&etilde;">&longs;obrietatem</expan> laudamus <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> profu&longs;am edificandi libidinem uituperamus / modica e&longs;&longs;e opor<lb/>tet <expan abbr="m&etilde;bra">membra</expan>: et ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> qua de acturus &longs;is nece&longs;&longs;aria / Nam edificandi <lb/>omnis ratio / &longs;i recte pro&longs;pexeris / a nece&longs;&longs;itate profecta e&longs;t: Eam a <lb/>luit commoditas: u&longs;us hone&longs;tauit: ultimum fuit ut uoluptati pro<lb/>&longs;piceretur: tam & &longs;i <expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan> ab immodicis omnibus ip&longs;a uoluptas <lb/>non abhorruit. </s> <s id="N4010E1">Erit ergo eiu&longs;modi ut <expan abbr="m&etilde;brorum">membrorum</expan> in ea nihilo plus <lb/>de&longs;ideretur <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quod ad&longs;it: et nihil quod ad&longs;it ulla ex parte impro<lb/>betur. </s> <s id="N4010EC">Neque item omnia unica <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> linearum ductione e termi<lb/>natione per&longs;cribi uelim ita ut nulla re inter &longs;e differant: Sed alia <lb/>delectabunt &longs;i maiora &longs;int / alia conferent &longs;i minora &longs;int: Alia ex <lb/>i&longs;torum mediocritate laudem a&longs;&longs;equentur: Ergo <expan abbr="placebũt">placebunt</expan> herec<lb/>tis con&longs;titutæ lineis: hæ alteræ flexis: ac demum aliæ utraque linea <lb/>rum ductione præfinitæ comprobabuntur: modo id &longs;erues / quod <lb/>&longs;epe admoneo / ne in id uitium incidas: ut feci&longs;&longs;e mon&longs;trum in pa<lb/>ribus aut humeris aut lateribus uideare. </s> <s id="N401107">Condimentum quidem <lb/>gratiæ e&longs;t omni in re uarietas &longs;i compacta et confirmata &longs;it mutu<lb/>a inter &longs;e di&longs;i antium rerum parilitate eadem &longs;i inter &longs;e di&longs;&longs;oluta <lb/>et di&longs;conuenienti quadam di&longs;paritate di&longs;creparint / erit ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ab&longs;urdi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N401116">Nam ueluti in lyra cum graues uoces <expan abbr="re&longs;pondeãt">re&longs;pondeant</expan> <lb/>acutis: et mediæ inter utra&longs;que ad concentum intentæ re&longs;onant: fit <lb/>ex uocum uarietate &longs;onora et mirifica quædam <expan abbr="proportionũ">proportionum</expan> equa<lb/>bilitas / quæ maiorem <expan abbr="ī">in</expan> modum oblectet animos atque detineat: Ita <lb/>et quibu&longs;que reliquis in rebus euenit: quæ quidem ad mouendos / <lb/>habendo&longs;que animos faciant. </s> <s id="N40112F">Ceterum hec pro ut ferat u&longs;us atque <expan abbr="cõmoditas">com<lb/>moditas</expan> atque <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> peritorum laudata con&longs;uetudo exequanda erunt: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> con&longs;u<lb/>etudini quidem inpleri&longs;que uel repugnare gratiam tollit / uel a&longs;&longs;en<lb/>tiri emolumento e&longs;t: atque egregie conducit: Quando ita ceteri pro<lb/>bati&longs;&longs;imi architecti facto atte&longs;tari ui&longs;i &longs;unt / hanc &longs;eu doricam / <pb xlink:href="004/01/027.jpg"/>&longs;eu ionicam / &longs;eu corinthiam / &longs;eu thu&longs;canicam partionem <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e commodi&longs;&longs;imam / non quo eorum de&longs;criptione <expan abbr="tran&longs;fer&etilde;dis">tran&longs;feren<lb/>dis</expan> no&longs;trum in opus qua&longs;i a&longs;tricti legibus hæreamus: &longs;ed quo idem <lb/>admoniti nouis nos proferendis inuentis contendamus / parum il<lb/>lis maioremue &longs;i queat fructum laudis a&longs;&longs;equi. </s> <s id="N40115E">Sed de his &longs;uo lo<lb/>co di&longs;tinctius pro&longs;equemur / cum inue&longs;tigabimus quo pacto <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <lb/>& urbis membra: et quæ ad cuiu&longs;que u&longs;um oporteant collocentur</s> </p> <p id="N401169" type="main"> <s id="N40116B">Nunc &longs;equitur ut de parietum de&longs;criptione &longs;ummatim tran&longs;i<lb/>gamus. </s> <s id="N401170">Sed illud hic nolim præterii&longs;&longs;e / quod apud ueteres anno<lb/>taui / eos maximopere caui&longs;&longs;e / ne ullam areæ extremam lineam <lb/>rectam ducerent / ita ut e&longs;&longs;et illa quidem prelonga & nullis locis <lb/>non intercepta cum flexarum linearum conuexione / tum et angu<lb/>lorum &longs;ectione. </s> <s id="N40117B">Atqui hoc ideo feci&longs;&longs;e periti&longs;&longs;imos uiros <expan abbr="imprõtu">impromp<lb/>tu</expan> e&longs;t / quo uellent parietem qua&longs;i adactis adiumentis / quibus co<lb/>hæreat / firmiorem reddere. </s> <s id="N401182">In parietum ratione recen&longs;enda a di<lb/>gnioribus incipiendum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N401187">Is ergo locus admonet. </s> <s id="N40118A">ut de <expan abbr="colũnis">columnis</expan> <lb/>et de his quæ ad columnas pertinent dicendum &longs;it: quando ip&longs;i or<lb/>dines columnarum haud aliud &longs;unt <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> pluribus in locis perfixus ad <lb/>apertusque paries: Quin et <expan abbr="colũnam">columnam</expan> ip&longs;am diffini&longs;&longs;e cum iuuet / <lb/>forta&longs;&longs;is non ineptæ e&longs;&longs;e eam dicam firmam quandam et perpetu<lb/>am muri partem excitatam ad perpendiculum ab &longs;olo / <expan abbr="īmo">immo</expan> u&longs;que <lb/>ad &longs;ummum tecti ferendi gratia. </s> <s id="N4011A5">Tum et tota in re ædificatoria <lb/>nihil inuenies quod opera et impen&longs;a et gratia præferas columnis <lb/>Sed habent columnæ ip&longs;æ quippiam inter &longs;e / quo &longs;int di&longs;&longs;imiles <lb/>hic nos &longs;imilitudinem / quod ea pre&longs;ertim ad genus pertineat / non <lb/>pretermittemus: Di&longs;&longs;imilitudinem uero / cum ad &longs;peties ea quid <lb/>&longs;pectet / alibi pro&longs;equemur &longs;uo loco. </s> <s id="N4011B2">Atque ut ab ip&longs;is / ut ita loquar <lb/>radicibus ordiamur / quibu&longs;que columnis fundamenta <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;tituun&ttilde;">&longs;ub&longs;tituuntur</expan> <lb/>Fundamentis quidem ad areæ planitiem coequatis <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ueuere">con&longs;ueuere</expan> mu<lb/>rulum &longs;uperimponere: quem nos arulam / alii forta&longs;&longs;is puluinarum <lb/>nuncupabunt: Supra murulum ba&longs;im adigebant: in ba&longs;i colum <lb/>nam &longs;tatuebant: &longs;upra columnam capitulum collocabant. </s> <s id="N4011C7">Et ha<lb/>rum quidem hæc erat ratio ut columna omnis infra medium tur<lb/>ge&longs;ceret: &longs;ur&longs;um uer&longs;us retraheretur: <expan abbr="Cra&longs;&longs;itudīeque">Cra&longs;&longs;itudineque</expan> &longs;ua e&longs;&longs;et pede <pb xlink:href="004/01/028.jpg"/>uno amplior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;ummo capite. </s> <s id="N4011DA">At columnam inuentam puto <expan abbr="prīcipio">prin<lb/>cipio</expan> &longs;ub&longs;tinendorum rectorum gratia: Po&longs;tea deueni&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>&longs;tudia uidemus digni&longs;&longs;imarum rerum a&longs;&longs;equendarum cupidita<lb/>te excitata: ut quæ hedificarint mortales / æterna e&longs;&longs;e & immorta<lb/>lia quoad po&longs;&longs;ent elaborarint: Iccirco columnas et trabes atque eti<lb/>am tabulata ac tecta integro ex marmore po&longs;uere. </s> <s id="N4011F1">Atqui in eiu&longs; <lb/>modi rebus &longs;tatuendis ueteres architecti / naturam rerum <expan abbr="ipãrum">ipsarum</expan> <lb/>ita imitati &longs;unt / ut a communi u&longs;u ædificiorum di&longs;ce&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e uideri <lb/>minime uoluerint: et una omnibus modis <expan abbr="&longs;tuduerīt /">&longs;tuduerint /</expan> ut eorum e&longs;<lb/>&longs;ent opera cum ad u&longs;um apta et firmi&longs;&longs;ima: tum et a&longs;pectu uenu<lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N401208">Columnas natura nimirum primo præbuit ligneas &<lb/>rotundas: po&longs;t id u&longs;us effecit / ut aliquibus locis haberentur qua<lb/>drangule: ldcirco &longs;i bene rem interprætor quod uiderent ligneis <lb/><expan abbr="colũnis">columnis</expan> ad alterutra capita immi&longs;&longs;os anulos aut ferro aut ære con<lb/>flatos. </s> <s id="N401216">quo ad ponderis pertinacia columnæ ip&longs;æ minus finderen<lb/>tur. </s> <s id="N40121B">Inde et architecti marmoreis columnis latum <expan abbr="ī">in</expan> imo pede anu<lb/>lum fixere ad fa&longs;ceolæ <expan abbr="&longs;imilitudin&etilde;">&longs;imilitudinem</expan>: qua fiat ut etiam a guttis re<lb/>&longs;ultantium &longs;tillarum <expan abbr="defendãtur">defendantur</expan>: et in &longs;ummo item fa&longs;ceolam et <lb/>fa&longs;ceolæ torquem &longs;uperaiectum po&longs;uere: quibus <expan abbr="adium&etilde;tis">adiumentis</expan> ligne<lb/>am e&longs;&longs;e columnam uiderent communitam. </s> <s id="N401236">At in ba&longs;ibus colum<lb/>narum hoc ob&longs;eruarunt / ut earum infima pars rectarum &longs;it linea<lb/>rum et rectorum angulorum: Suprema uero &longs;uperficies ad &longs;uæ <lb/><expan abbr="colũnæ">columnæ</expan> ambitum finiretur: Et ob&longs;eruarunt ut e&longs;&longs;et ba&longs;is hæc qua<lb/>que uer&longs;us lata magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> alta: tum et e&longs;&longs;e eam certa parte &longs;ui <expan abbr="latior&etilde;">latiorem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;it columnam uoluere et infimam ba&longs;is ip&longs;ius &longs;uperficiem latio<lb/>rem e&longs;&longs;e quoque uoluere <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;upremam: Et murulum item parte e&longs; <lb/>&longs;e quota ampliorem <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ba&longs;im: Et fundamentum item e&longs;&longs;e parte quo<lb/>ta latum magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> murulum uoluere: Et quæcunque huiu&longs;modi al<lb/>tera in alteris po&longs;uere ad perpendiculum medii <expan abbr="c&etilde;tri">centri</expan> collocauere. <lb/></s> <s id="N401257">At contra capitula omnia in his conueniunt: ut in fine partes &longs;uæ <lb/>columnæ lineas imitentur: Supremæ uero et <expan abbr="quadrãgulam">quadrangulam</expan> &longs;uper<lb/>ficiem de&longs;inant: Et erit quidem capituli &longs;uprema pars <expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan> non <lb/>amplior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> infima. </s> <s id="N401264">Hæc de columnis</s> </p> <p id="N401267" type="main"> <s id="N401269">Paries uero ip&longs;e ad columnarum rationes tolletur / ut &longs;i <expan abbr="altitudīe">altitudine</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/029.jpg"/>erit futurus quanta e&longs;t columna cum capitulo. </s> <s id="N401274">Cra&longs;&longs;itudo illi &longs;it <lb/><expan abbr="quãta">quanta</expan> in imo e&longs;t columna: Tum & hoc ob&longs;eruarunt / ut nulla <expan abbr="e&etilde;t">esset</expan> <lb/>columna: aut ba&longs;is: aut capitulum: aut paries cæteris &longs;ui ordinis <lb/>ulla ex parte non &longs;imillima altitudine & latitudine & omni deni<lb/>que dimen&longs;ione ac figura. </s> <s id="N401286">Cumque in uitio utrumque &longs;it parietem &<lb/>tenuiorem et cra&longs;&longs;iorem: et demi&longs;&longs;iorem: et <expan abbr="&longs;ublimior&etilde;">&longs;ublimiorem</expan> <expan abbr="feci&longs;&longs;e / &quml;">feci&longs;&longs;e / quam</expan> <lb/>ratio et modus po&longs;tulat. </s> <s id="N401295">Malim tamen peccare in partem hanc / <lb/>ut demi po&longs;&longs;it/&quml; ut addi oporteat. </s> <s id="N40129A">Hic iuuabit et uitia <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> non <lb/>præterire ædificiorum quo ad rem &longs;imus cautiores. </s> <s id="N4012A3">Prima enim <lb/>laus e&longs;t carere omni uitio: Atqui aduerti in ba&longs;ilica Petri Romæ <lb/>id quod res ip&longs;a præ &longs;e fert factum incon&longs;ulti&longs;&longs;ime / ut &longs;upra cre<lb/>bras et continuatas apertiones prælongum et prælatum parietem <lb/>ducerent nullis flexis lineis corroboratum / nullis fulcturis <expan abbr="cõmunitum">commu<lb/>nitum</expan> / quodue con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportuit totam ip&longs;am alam parietis <lb/>nimium frequenti apertione <expan abbr="&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;am / per&quml;">&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;am / perquam</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ublim&etilde;">&longs;ublimen</expan> tetendit po<lb/>&longs;uitque: ut impetuo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis aquilonibus excipiendis extaret: Quo <lb/>factum e&longs;t ut iam tum primum a&longs;&longs;idua uentorum mole&longs;tia pedes <lb/>plus &longs;ex a perpendiculi rectitudine in pronum ce&longs;&longs;erit: Neque du<lb/>bito futurum ut olim leui appul&longs;u modicoue motu facto corruat <lb/>Quod ni trabeationibus tectorum contineretur proculdubio <expan abbr="&longs;põ">&longs;pon</expan><lb/>te &longs;ua iam incohata obliquitate meret. </s> <s id="N4012D0">Sed architectum e&longs;t ut mi <lb/>nus uituperem / quandoquidem loci et &longs;itus nece&longs;&longs;itatem &longs;ecutus <lb/>&longs;atis &longs;e a uentis tutum forta&longs;&longs;is putauit montis obiectu: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>templo præ&longs;tat: Mallem tamen totas illas hinc atque hinc alas ob <lb/>firmatiores e&longs;&longs;e.</s> </p> <p id="N4012DF" type="main"> <s id="N4012E1">Tectorum utilitas omnium e&longs;t prima & maxima: Non enim &longs;o<lb/>lum incolarum &longs;aluti confert / dum noctem imbremque atque in <expan abbr="prĩs">primis</expan> <lb/>æ&longs;tuantem &longs;olem repellunt atque excludunt: Verum & mirifice <lb/>omne tuetur ædificium: Tolle tectum putre&longs;cet materia / labe&longs;cet <lb/>paries: <expan abbr="fati&longs;c&etilde;t">fati&longs;cent</expan> latera: omni&longs;que denique &longs;tructura &longs;en&longs;im <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;olue&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;oluetur</expan> <lb/>Ip&longs;a etiam fundamenta tectorum protectione / quod uix credas / <lb/>corroborantur: Neque tanta ædificiorum uis igne & ferro & ho&longs;ti<lb/>um manu & cæteris omnibus calamitatibus data in ruinam ce<lb/>cidere / quanta corruere ædificia non aliam ob rem ni&longs;i ciuium ne<pb xlink:href="004/01/030.jpg"/>gligentia / quod tectorum ope de&longs;tituta et nuda relicta &longs;int. </s> <s id="N401304">Arma <lb/>ni mirum ædificiorum tecta &longs;unt <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> tempestatum iniurias atque <lb/>impetum. </s> <s id="N40130F">Quæ cum ita &longs;int præclare mihi maiores no&longs;tri cum <lb/>cæteris in rebus / tum hac in re uidentur feci&longs;&longs;e / qui tantos attribu<lb/>ere tecto honores uoluerint: ut tectis ornandis omnes condecoran<lb/>darum rerum artes prope con&longs;ump&longs;erint. </s> <s id="N401318">Tecta enim uidemus <lb/>ære et uitro et auro po&longs;ita lacunaribus aureis lami&longs;que auratis: & <lb/>coronarum præterea et florum &longs;cultura et &longs;tatuis etiam <expan abbr="elegãti&longs;&longs;ime">eleganti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>me</expan> in&longs;ignita. </s> <s id="N401325">Tecta alia &longs;ub diuo / alia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ub diuo. </s> <s id="N40132C">Sub diuo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>quæ nullos ad ambulationis u&longs;us / &longs;ed unice ad imbrem excipien <lb/>dum &longs;int po&longs;ita: Non &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt contignationum et <expan abbr="te&longs;tudinũ">te&longs;tudinum</expan> <lb/>intermediæ exten&longs;iones: quibus fiat ut ædificio qua&longs;i ædificium <lb/>aliud &longs;uperimponatur. </s> <s id="N40133F">In his ergo illud ueniet ut una inferioribus <lb/>ædificii membris ip&longs;um id opus tectum &longs;it: et &longs;uperioribus <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;it <lb/>area. </s> <s id="N40134A">Sed harum quidem <expan abbr="cõtignationum">contignationum</expan> ea pars tectum recte ap<lb/>pellabitur: quæ &longs;upra caput di&longs;tenta pendeat: quam eandem <expan abbr="celũ">celum</expan> <lb/>nuncupabimus: Quæ uero ob ambulantium pede pre&longs;&longs;etur / paui<lb/>mentum tecturaque nuncupabitur. </s> <s id="N40135B">Sub diuo autem extrema operi<lb/>menta / quæ imbribus excipiendis imponuntur / pauimenti ne lo<lb/>co &longs;int / alibi di&longs;quiretur. </s> <s id="N401362">Tectorum uero quæ &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt tam <lb/>et &longs;i plane in &longs;e forta&longs;&longs;e &longs;int &longs;uperficies / <expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan> tamen erunt ille qui<lb/>dem æque di&longs;tantes pauimento quod operuerint pauimento: Sed <lb/>&longs;emper in aliquam erunt partem procliuia et obliqua imbrium ef<lb/>fundendorum gratia: At tectorum / quæ non &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt / planas <lb/>qua&longs;que &longs;uperficies e&longs;&longs;e pauimento æque di&longs;tantes oportet: Tecta <lb/>uniuer&longs;a angulis et lineis ad areæ figuram parietumque formam: <lb/>quibus operimentum futura &longs;int / &longs;e accomodent nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Atque <lb/>hæc cum inter &longs;e &longs;uccedant uaria: nam alia flexis omnibus lineis <lb/>alia rectis et alia mixtis et eiu&longs;modi: Fit inde adeo ut tectorum quo <lb/>que uariæ et multiplices manarint formæ: Tam & &longs;i tecta ip&longs;a ex <lb/>&longs;e &longs;uapte natura &longs;int uaria: Quorum alia emi&longs;pheria / alia conca<lb/>merata / alia fornicata / alia arcubus complu&longs;culis compacta: Item <lb/>alia quæ carinæ dicantur: alia quæ di&longs;pluuia <expan abbr="nuncupãtur">nuncupantur</expan>: <expan abbr="Verũ">Verum</expan> <lb/>utrumque futurum &longs;it / omne <expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e huiu&longs;modi oportet / ut <expan abbr="ũbra">umbra</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/031.jpg"/>&longs;ui pauimentum foueat / aquam ut pluuiam ab uniuer&longs;o cui operi <lb/>mentum ædificio &longs;it penitus admoueat: Nam &longs;emper quidem e&longs;t <lb/>ad ledendum paratus imber & additus ad maleficium / quis mini <lb/>mos <expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan> non u&longs;urpat: & enim tenuitate perterebrat / mollitie <lb/>inficit / a&longs;&longs;iduitate commacerat omnes ædificii neruos / denique <lb/>&longs;tructuram funditus uitiat atque perdit: Ea de re probe ob&longs;eruarunt <lb/>periti architecti: ut liberum fluendi cur&longs;um imbribus pararent: ca<lb/>uerentque ne quo loci aqua con&longs;i&longs;teret / aut u&longs;piam peruaderet / quo <lb/>noxam inferret. </s> <s id="N4013A7">Hinc niuo&longs;is in locis tecta maxime di&longs;pluuia &longs;ur<lb/>&longs;um arrecta e&longs;&longs;e ad acutum angulum uoluere: quo niuium incre<lb/>menta minus accre&longs;cerent & liquidius dilaberentur. </s> <s id="N4013AE">Locis uero <lb/>ut ita loquar æ&longs;tiuis tecta obliquitate minus repente po&longs;uere. </s> </p> <p id="N4013B3" type="main"> <s id="N4013B5">Cæterum curandum e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> maxime uno eodemque compari atque <lb/>integro fieri po&longs;&longs;it tectoque / &longs;eruata luminum parietumque ratione <lb/>longe lateque totum pænitus ædificium operiatur: ita ut &longs;tillici<lb/>diis dilabens aqua: nullam <expan abbr="parietũ">parietum</expan> partem madefaciat. </s> <s id="N4013C6">Tum & tec<lb/>tum ita ponere oportet ut in aliud tectum non impluat. </s> <s id="N4013CB">Superfici<lb/>es quoque tecti decur&longs;u e&longs;&longs;e oportet non ua&longs;tas & immanes: Nam <lb/>tegularum ultimis canalibus pluuiæ præ multorum <expan abbr="imbriũ">imbrium</expan> exu<lb/>berantia redundarent: & intra ædificium influerent: Quæ res <lb/>multo e&longs;&longs;ent cum operis detrimento. </s> <s id="N4013DA">Ergo ubi erit area maxima <lb/>in plures e&longs;&longs;e diui&longs;um &longs;uperficies tectum / in uaria&longs;que partes deflu<lb/>ere oportet. </s> <s id="N4013E1">Nam id cum ad <expan abbr="cõmoditatem / tum">commoditatem / tum</expan> ad gratiam perti<lb/>net: Siquo incidet loco ut plura ponenda tecta &longs;int / coadiungen<lb/>tur illic <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> tectis tecta ita / ut qui &longs;emel &longs;ub tecto excepti &longs;int / <lb/>totas obambulant ædes operti tecto. </s> <s id="N4013F2">Sequitur ut de apertione <lb/><expan abbr="dicendũ">dicendum</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s id="N4013FA"><expan abbr="Apertionũ">Apertionum</expan> duo &longs;unt genera: Nam alia luminibus et <lb/>uentis: Alia rebus et incolis <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> <expan abbr="exitũque">exitumque</expan> in <expan abbr="edificiũ">edificium</expan> prebent. </s> <s id="N40140E">Lu<lb/>minibus fene&longs;tre <expan abbr="&longs;eruiũt">&longs;eruiunt</expan>: rebus ho&longs;tia / &longs;calæ et &longs;patia <expan abbr="itercolũnarum.">intercolumnarum .</expan><lb/></s> <s id="N40141A">Item quibus aqua et fumus peruadit / uti &longs;unt putei: cloacæ et foci <lb/>ut ita loquar / gula: et præfurnia atque extuaria apertionum loco <lb/>ueniunt. </s> <s id="N401421">Atqui pars quæque domus habebit fene&longs;tras: quo re&longs;pi<lb/>rat inclu&longs;us aer: atque in horas innouatur: Nam alioquin pu<lb/>tre&longs;cet & uitium afferet. </s> <s id="N401428">Apud Babiloniam in templo <pb xlink:href="004/01/032.jpg"/>Apollinis <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tam">inuentam</expan> refert capitolinus hi&longs;toricus auream arculam <lb/>per uetu&longs;tatem: ex qua corruptus: & perinde ueneficus inclu&longs;us <lb/>aer / cum illa quidem refringeretur &longs;e &longs;e effundens: non eos &longs;olum <lb/>interemit: qui tum prope aderant: Verum & contagionibus pe<lb/>&longs;tem atroci&longs;&longs;imam totam in A&longs;iam u&longs;que ad Parthos intulit.</s> </p> <p id="N40143B" type="main"> <s id="N40143D">Ex Ammiano item Marcellino hi&longs;torico legimus Marci Antonii <lb/>& ueri temporibus apud Seleucam po&longs;t directum templum: &<lb/>perlatum &longs;imulacrum conici Apollinis Romam / fui&longs;&longs;e per mili<lb/>tes inuentum angu&longs;tum & prius conclu&longs;um a Caldeorum uatibus <lb/>foramen. </s> <s id="N401448">Quod ubi præde &longs;tudio re&longs;erarunt / pe&longs;tilens exiluerit <lb/>uapor tam atrox: tamque dete&longs;tabilis ut a Per&longs;arum finibus intra <lb/>Galliam u&longs;que infecta omnia &longs;int reddita tetro & fune&longs;to morbo <lb/>Fene&longs;tras igitur e&longs;&longs;e oportet man&longs;ionibus &longs;ingulis. </s> <s id="N401451">Id quidem <lb/>cum luminis excipiendi / tum etiam innouandi aeris gratia: & e<lb/>as quidem ad loci u&longs;um & parietis amplitudinem accommodatas <lb/>Vt neque plus: neque item minus excipiant luminis neque frequen<lb/>tiores aut rariores &longs;int <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> u&longs;us po&longs;tulet. </s> <s id="N401460">Tum & pro&longs;piciendum <lb/>e&longs;t quibus uentis excipiendis pateant fene&longs;træ ip&longs;æ: Nam quæ <lb/>&longs;alubres &longs;pectabunt auras multo adapertas quoquo uer&longs;us licebit <lb/>facere: Et eas quidem iuuabit ita aperire / Vt incolarum corpora <lb/>appellens flatus ambiat. </s> <s id="N40146B">Hoc maxime fiet &longs;i fene&longs;trarum &longs;ponde <lb/>e&longs;&longs;ent humiles adeo / ut uideri et uidere per uicos ambulantes po&longs;<lb/>&longs;is. </s> <s id="N401472">Quæ autem non u&longs;que quaque &longs;aluberrimis uentorum plagis ob <lb/>iectæ erunt fene&longs;træ / ita ponentur ut lumina excipiant non pauci<lb/>ora <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> conueniat: &longs;ed ne etiam plura <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quibus po&longs;&longs;it carere: Et po<lb/>nentur illæ quidem in &longs;ublimi / quo uentos a corporibus obiectus <lb/>paries intercipiat. </s> <s id="N401485">Nam habebunt quidem hoc pacto uentos / qui<lb/>bus aer reficiatur: Sed erunt infracti atque perinde non omnino <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;ani. </s> <s id="N401490">Pro&longs;piciendum e&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> qui &longs;oles penetraturi inde intra ædes <lb/>&longs;int: et <expan abbr="prodiuer&longs;orũ">prodiuer&longs;orum</expan> <expan abbr="cõmoditate">commoditate</expan> habendæ <expan abbr="a&ptilde;tiores">apertiores </expan>aut arctiores fe<lb/>ne&longs;træ &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N4014A3">Nam æ&longs;tiuis diuer&longs;oriis aut ua&longs;tos quaque uer&longs;us &longs;i <lb/>erunt illæ quidem &longs;eptentrionales / aut &longs;i erunt meridiane &longs;oli<lb/>bu&longs;que obiectæ infimas et modicas po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e apertiones conferet / <pb xlink:href="004/01/033.jpg"/>quando quidem ille expeditiores auras excipiant: hæ minoribus <lb/>radiorum circulus offendatur: & &longs;atis habebit a&longs;&longs;iduo circunful<lb/>gente &longs;ole luminum is locus in quo magis umbræ gratia <expan abbr="homīes">homines</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> luminum conuenerint. </s> <s id="N4014BB">Contra hibernis in diuer&longs;oriis fene&longs;træ <lb/>directis &longs;olibus patebunt: &longs;i erunt adapertæ: &longs;ed uentis non ita pa<lb/>tebunt &longs;i erunt &longs;ublimes: nam recto cur&longs;u uenti &longs;tantes incolas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>impetent. </s> <s id="N4014C8">Cæterum lumina unde uis excepturus &longs;is / haberi ea in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t / unde celum liberum <expan abbr="ītuearis">intuearis</expan>: Et omnes apertiones <lb/>quæ luminum excipiendorum cau&longs;a factæ &longs;int / nullo pacto conde<lb/>cet po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e infimas. </s> <s id="N4014D5">Vultu enim lumina &longs;pectantur / non pedi<lb/>bus: tum & <expan abbr="eu&etilde;it">euenit</expan> i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ut unius aut alterius hominis obiec<lb/>tu lumina intercipiantur: locu&longs;que deinceps reliquus reddatur ob<lb/>&longs;curior. </s> <s id="N4014E2">Quod quidem incommodum non fit lumine ducto a &longs;u<lb/>blimi. </s> <s id="N4014E7">Ho&longs;tia fene&longs;tras imitentur: ut pro loci frequentia & u<lb/>&longs;u maiora aut minora / plura paucioraue <expan abbr="adhibeãtur">adhibeantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4014F0">Sed in utris<lb/>que ob&longs;eruatum uideo / ut publicis ædificiis complurime horum in <lb/>primis generum apertiones fierent: Eam rem nobis theatra atte<lb/>&longs;tantur: Quæ &longs;i recte interpretamur / tota con&longs;tant apertionibus <lb/>cum &longs;calarum / tum maxime fene&longs;trarum & ho&longs;tiorum.</s> </p> <p id="N4014FB" type="main"> <s id="N4014FD">Atqui apertiones quidem ita loca&longs;&longs;e oportet ut amplioribus pari<lb/>etibus non minime ponantur apertiones & modicis parietum <expan abbr="frõtibus">fron<lb/>tibus</expan> nihilo ua&longs;tiores adigantur quam u&longs;us po&longs;tulat. </s> <s id="N401508">In huiu&longs;mo<lb/>di apertionibus alii alia probarunt liniamenta: Sed probati&longs;&longs;imi <lb/>ubi licuit non ni&longs;i quadranguli&longs; & rectilineis u&longs;i &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N40150F">Tandem <lb/>in hoc omnes conueniunt / ut pro ædificii amplitudine et figura <lb/>uticunque ille quidem &longs;int accommodentur.</s> </p> <p id="N401516" type="main"> <s id="N401518">Tum & ho&longs;tiorum apertiones ita con&longs;tituendas ducunt / Vt alti<lb/>ores omnino &longs;int quam latæ: Et ex his quæ altiores &longs;int duos hæ <lb/>capiant continuos circulos. </s> <s id="N40151F">Quæ uero humiliores altitudinem ha<lb/>beant diametri eius quadrati cuius &longs;it latus ima ho&longs;tii ip&longs;ius lati<lb/>tudo. </s> <s id="N401526">Et po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e ho&longs;tia illic conuenit / unde in qua&longs;que partes <lb/>ædificii commodi&longs;&longs;imus quoad fieri po&longs;&longs;it aditus præbeatur: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>& gratiæ &longs;tudui&longs;&longs;e oportet in huiu&longs;modi apertionibus / Vt ma<lb/>gnitudinibus coæquatis dextera &longs;ini&longs;tris re&longs;pondeant.</s> </p> <pb xlink:href="004/01/034.jpg"/> <p id="N401536" type="main"> <s id="N401538">Numero autem fene&longs;tras et ho&longs;tia a&longs;&longs;ueuere ponere impari: Sed <lb/>ita ut hinc atque hinc partes paribus <expan abbr="re&longs;põderent">re&longs;ponderent</expan>. </s> <s id="N401541">Media uero <expan abbr="e&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">e&longs;&longs;ent</expan> <lb/>paulo ampliora: Atque maximopere præcauebant / ut uiribus ædi<lb/>um parcerent ea de re longe ad angulis: et columnarum producti<lb/>onibus apertiones ponebant locis poti&longs;&longs;imum parietis imbecillio<lb/>ribus: &longs;ed quæ honeri &longs;ub&longs;tinendo non uacarent: Et &longs;eruabant ut <lb/>a &longs;olo ad tectum u&longs;que integræ & minime interfractæ <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> plures po&longs;<lb/>&longs;ent parietis partes &longs;urgerent ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan>. </s> <s id="N401558">E&longs;t genus quod<lb/>dam qua&longs;i apertionum quod ho&longs;tia & fene&longs;tras &longs;itu et forma imi<lb/>tentur: Sed totam parietis cra&longs;&longs;itudinem non peruadit / Verum <lb/>qua&longs;i &longs;caphis <expan abbr="ĩcauatis">incauatis</expan> digna aptaque &longs;patia &longs;ede&longs;que &longs;ignis & tabulis <lb/>præbent. </s> <s id="N401567">Hæc autem & quo loci et <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> crebræ <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> que amplæ &longs;tatuen <lb/>de &longs;int / tum dicemus di&longs;tinctius / cum de ornamentis <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> <lb/>tractabimus: tam & &longs;i non minus ad impen&longs;æ rationem <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad ue<lb/>nu&longs;tatem operis faciat: quod in muro complendo minus lapidum <lb/>& cementi <expan abbr="cõ&longs;umatur">con&longs;umatur</expan>: Hoc tantum <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan> ad rem / quod has &longs;ca<lb/>pharum collationes numero aptas / amplitudine inua&longs;tas / forma <lb/>decenti e&longs;&longs;e oportet: ut &longs;ui ordinis penitus fene&longs;tras imitentur: et <lb/>apertiones quidem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi uticunque ille &longs;int aduerti ex <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> <lb/>operibus non ampliores con&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e ponere <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut &longs;ui parietis <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> <lb/>occupent <expan abbr="&longs;eptimã">&longs;eptimam</expan>: Sed ne minores quidem <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut capiant nonam. <lb/></s> <s id="N4015A9">Inter columniorum &longs;patia nimirum inter primas apertiones con<lb/>numeranda &longs;unt: Ea pro ædificiorum uarietate quoque uaria con&longs;ti<lb/>tuuntur Sed de his di&longs;tinctius dicemus / cum præ&longs;ertim de &longs;acris <lb/>ædibus parandis &longs;uo loco ratiocinabimur. </s> <s id="N4015B2">Hic &longs;at &longs;it admonu<lb/>i&longs;&longs;e apertiones ha&longs;ce ita ponendas / Vt columnarum ratio / quæ <lb/>tectis &longs;ub&longs;tinendis relinquantur / in primis &longs;it per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> diligenti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>me habita: ne quid ille quidem graciliores relinquantur atque <expan abbr="rariores/&quml;">ra<lb/>riores / quam</expan> ut commode ferre onus tectorum po&longs;&longs;int: neue quidem <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;iores: aut frequentiores <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut areæ &longs;patia & aditus ad rerum <lb/>temporumque u&longs;us expedita relinquantur. </s> <s id="N4015CC">Cæterum apertiones <lb/>aliæ cum crebræ extabunt columnæ / Aliæ cum raræ. </s> <s id="N4015D1">Namque <lb/>crebris columnis trabs: raris arcus &longs;uper adducitur. </s> <s id="N4015D6">Sed omni<lb/>bus apertionibus / quibus arcus ducitur curandum e&longs;t.<pb xlink:href="004/01/035.jpg"/>ut &longs;it ille quidem arcus non <expan abbr="minor/&qtilde;">minor / quae</expan> circuli dimidia pars parte <lb/>addita &longs;emidiametri &longs;eptima. </s> <s id="N4015E5">Nam apud peritos compertum af<lb/>firmant / hunc e&longs;&longs;e omnium unum ad perennitatem accommoda<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum. </s> <s id="N4015EC">Cæteros uero omnes arcus e&longs;&longs;e putant imbecilles ad <lb/>ferendum onus: & promptos atque expo&longs;itos ad ruinam. </s> <s id="N4015F1">Prætere <lb/>a &longs;emicirculum arcum e&longs;&longs;e unum / qui corda & adminiculis non <lb/>indigeat arbitramur. </s> <s id="N4015F8">Cæteros autem omnes / ni eis aut cordam <lb/>aut contraria pondera / quibus cum certent adegeris / uidemus &longs;u<lb/>apte ui fati&longs;cere atque laba&longs;cere. </s> <s id="N4015FF">Non hic prætermittam egregium <lb/>id laudeque digni&longs;&longs;imum / quod annotaui apud ueteres apertiones <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi etiam & te&longs;tudinum arcus ita optimis illis ab architec<lb/>tis po&longs;itas in templis / ut &longs;i omnes intimas &longs;ubdemeris columnas / <lb/>tamen apertionum arcus tectorumque te&longs;tudines per&longs;i&longs;tant & mi<lb/>nime corruant / ita &longs;unt omnes arcuum ductiones / quibus te&longs;tudi<lb/>nes incumbunt / ad &longs;olum u&longs;que perductæ miro artificio & paucis <lb/>cognito ut &longs;tet opus &longs;olis arcubus incumbendo: Et enim cum illis <lb/>quidem tellus pro corda firmi&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it / quid ni et ip&longs;i per &longs;e arcus <lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imi æternum per&longs;i&longs;tent.</s> </p> <p id="N401614" type="main"> <s id="N401616">Scalis ponendis plus e&longs;t negocii <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut po&longs;&longs;is ni&longs;i maturo & dige<lb/>&longs;to con&longs;ilio recte ponere: Nam unis in &longs;calis tres ueniunt apertio <lb/>nes: Et harum una quidem e&longs;t ho&longs;tium quo in &longs;calis con&longs;cenden <lb/>dis aditus pateat: Altera e&longs;t fene&longs;tra / qua fiat / ut recepto lumine <lb/>cuiu&longs;que gradus retractio per&longs;piciatur: Tertia e&longs;t contignationis <lb/>& tecti apertio: qua in &longs;uperius pauimentum operimentum que per<lb/>uadimus: Ea de re illud aiunt &longs;calis nimirum impediri operum <lb/>de&longs;criptiones. </s> <s id="N401627">Sed qui uolent &longs;calis non impediri &longs;calas ip&longs;as <lb/>non impediant: Certum enim & proprium <expan abbr="dicabũt">dicabunt</expan> &longs;patium areæ <lb/>quo liber & &longs;olutus excur&longs;us pateat: &longs;uprema u&longs;que ad tecta: <lb/>quæ &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt: Neque te pigeat quod tantum areæ &longs;calis occu<lb/>petur: Nam &longs;atis referent commodi illic / Vbi cæteris partibus <lb/>ædificii inferant minimum incommodi. </s> <s id="N40163A">Adde quod etiam for <lb/>nices & uacua quæ &longs;ub &longs;calis relinquentur / ad u&longs;us per commo <lb/>dos non deerunt. </s> <s id="N401641">Scalarum apud nos duo &longs;unt genera: Nam de <lb/>militaribus expeditionum munitionumque &longs;calis non e&longs;t <pb xlink:href="004/01/036.jpg"/>hoc loco ut referam / Vnæ quidem per quas non gradibus / Sed o<lb/>bliquo accliui: Alteræ quibus per gradus in &longs;ublime con&longs;cendi<lb/>mus. </s> <s id="N40164E">Accliuia ponere maiores con&longs;ueuere quo ad eius fieri pote<lb/>rat facilia & pre&longs;&longs;a. </s> <s id="N401653">Verum uti ex eorum ædificiis annotaui / &longs;a<lb/>tis commoda putarunt quæ ita e&longs;&longs;ent ducta: ut altitudinis perpen<lb/>dens linea ad longitudinis iacentem lineam parte re&longs;ponderet <lb/>&longs;exta. </s> <s id="N40165C">In gradibus uero maxime templorum imparem numerum <lb/>probauere: nam fieri quidem aiunt ut recto in templum pede <expan abbr="īgrediamur">ingre<lb/>diamur</expan> : quam rem ad religionem facere arbitrantur. </s> <s id="N401667">At in his a<lb/>nimaduerti bonos architectos ob&longs;erua&longs;&longs;e ut gradus nunquam fer<lb/>me plures unum in ordinem continuos <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> aut &longs;eptem aut nouem <lb/>adigerent. </s> <s id="N401674">Credo aut planetarum aut urbium numerum imitates <lb/>Sed ad huiu&longs;modi &longs;eu &longs;eptenos &longs;eu nouenos quo&longs;que gradus con&longs;ul<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ime areolam &longs;ubtexebant: quo fe&longs;&longs;i et imbecilles ad con&longs;cen<lb/>dendi labore intermi&longs;&longs;as haberent quietes: Et &longs;iquis ca&longs;us incidi&longs; <lb/>&longs;et / ut &longs;candentes ruerent / haberent illi quidem &longs;patia ubi <expan abbr="corru&etilde;di">corruen<lb/>di</expan> impetum &longs;i&longs;terent / &longs;eque reciperent atque firmarent: Et id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ip&longs;e uehementer probo / ut &longs;int &longs;calæ &longs;uis areis interceptæ: &longs;intque <lb/>lumino&longs;e & pro loci dignitate amplæ & &longs;patio&longs;æ. </s> <s id="N40168D">Gradus uero <lb/>&longs;calarum ita finiendos ducebant: ut neque cra&longs;&longs;iores &longs;extante / ne <lb/>que tenuiores dodrante e&longs;&longs;ent. </s> <s id="N401694">Retractione&longs;que graduum ne minus <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;exquipedales / neue plus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> bipedales ponerentur. </s> <s id="N40169C">Scalæ to<lb/>to in ædificio quo erunt numero pauciores / quoue occupabunt <lb/>minus areæ / eo erunt commodiores.</s> </p> <p id="N4016A3" type="main"> <s id="N4016A5">Fumi et aquarum exitus expeditos e&longs;&longs;e oportet: & ita deriuatos <lb/>ut non per&longs;i&longs;tant / non exhaberent / non <expan abbr="coinquinent / nõ">coinquinent / non</expan> <expan abbr="offendãt">offendant</expan> <lb/>non <expan abbr="periculũ">periculum</expan> <expan abbr="afferãt">afferant</expan> ædificio. </s> <s id="N4016BC">Hinc gulas foci <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> &longs;eiunxi&longs;&longs;e ab <lb/>omni materia opus <expan abbr="&etilde;/ne">en / ne</expan> aut &longs;cintilla aut concalefactione incenda<lb/>tur &longs;eu trabs / &longs;eu tignum quæ fuerint proxima. </s> <s id="N4016CB">Riuos etiam <expan abbr="fluentiũ">flu<lb/>entium</expan> aquarum ita deduci iubent ut &longs;uperflua <expan abbr="depellan&ttilde;">depellantur</expan> & <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> aut <lb/><expan abbr="abrod&etilde;do">abrodendo</expan> aut <expan abbr="madefaci&etilde;do">madefaciendo</expan> <expan abbr="uitiũ">uitium</expan> <expan abbr="inferãt">inferant</expan> ædificio: <expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> horum <expan abbr="&longs;i&quml;">&longs;iquam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="nocent / tã">nocent / tam</expan> & &longs;i minuti&longs;&longs;ime noceant / fit <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> & <expan abbr="t&etilde;poris">temporis</expan> diuturni<lb/>tate & lace&longs;cendi <expan abbr="&ptilde;&longs;euerãtia">per&longs;euerantia</expan> ut accumulati&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="noceãt">noceant</expan>: et in his <lb/>aquarum <expan abbr="ductõibus">ductoribus</expan> ob&longs;eruatum apti&longs;&longs;imis architectis aduerti / ut <expan abbr="&etilde;t">etiam</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/037.jpg"/>imbres &longs;tillicidiorum / aut ita ducerent porrectis fi&longs;tulis / ut <expan abbr="adu&etilde;tantes">aduen<lb/>tantes</expan> non a&longs;pergerent: aut ita exciperent in pluuiis / ut ad u&longs;um <lb/>hominum uel intra ci&longs;ternas colligerent: uel cogerent certis locis <lb/>emanare unde priuate &longs;ordes abluerentur: et hominum nares ocu<lb/>lique minime offenderentur. </s> <s id="N401721">Et in primis cura&longs;&longs;e mihi ui&longs;i &longs;unt: <lb/>Vt omnem aquam pluuiam longe ab ædificio arcerent atque amo <lb/>uerent / cum cæteras ob res / tum ne ædificii &longs;olum humectaretur <lb/>Et in omnibus apertionibus id mihi cura&longs;&longs;e etiam ui&longs;i &longs;unt / ut e<lb/>as ponerent locis apti&longs;&longs;imis / Vnde plurimum commodorum uni<lb/>uer&longs;o ædificio præ&longs;taretur: & præ&longs;ertim puteos maxime in publi<lb/>ca & patenti ædis parte ponendos &longs;tatuo / modo digniora: & non <lb/>&longs;ua &longs;patia non occupentur. </s> <s id="N401732">Et &longs;ub diuo po&longs;itos puriorem & &longs;ince<lb/>riorem aquam exhibere phy&longs;ici affirmant. </s> <s id="N401737">Sed quacunque ædis <lb/>parte aut putei info&longs;&longs;i: aut cloacæ &longs;ub&longs;tratæ <expan abbr="fuerīt">fuerint</expan>: Aut aqua et hu<lb/>mor infuderit / apertiones e&longs;&longs;e illic oportet eiu&longs;modi Vt eo pluri<lb/>mum aeris a&longs;piret / quo humectæ exalationes pauimenti <expan abbr="ab&longs;tergãtur">ab&longs;tergan<lb/>tur</expan> et depellantur uentorum afflatu atque aeris impul&longs;u.</s> </p> <p id="N40174A" type="main"> <s id="N40174C">Hactenus de lineamentis ædificiorum / quæ ad uniuer&longs;um opus <lb/>pertinere <expan abbr="uidebãtur / per&longs;trinximus/&longs;ingulis">uidebantur / per&longs;trinximus / &longs;ingulis</expan> rerum dicendarum <lb/>generibus annotatis. </s> <s id="N401757">Nunc de opere & &longs;tructura <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> dicen<lb/>dum e&longs;t Sed prius de materia: & rebus his / quæ para&longs;&longs;e ad mate<lb/>riam opportet.</s> </p> <p id="N401762" type="head"> <s id="N401764">LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE MATERIA <lb/>LIBER SECVNDVS<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg3"/></s> </p> <p id="N40176D" type="margin"> <s id="N40176F"><margin.target id="marg3"/>o</s> </p> <p id="N401774" type="main"> <s id="N401776">PVS AEDIFICIORVM ATQVE <lb/>impen&longs;am non temere incohandam arbitror / <lb/>cum cæteras ob res / tum ne honori et nomini <lb/>officiat. </s> <s id="N40177F">Nam cum bene con&longs;titutum opus <lb/>his omnibus laudem efferat: qui in ea re <expan abbr="&longs;iliũ">con<lb/>&longs;ilium</expan>: operam: <expan abbr="&longs;tudiũ">&longs;tudium</expan>ue adhibuere: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> &longs;i quod <lb/>erit <expan abbr="īquo">in quo</expan> auctoris <expan abbr="prud&etilde;tiã">prudentiam</expan> aut opificis periti<lb/>am ulla ex parte de&longs;ideres / plurimum laudi & nomini officiet.</s> </p> <pb xlink:href="004/01/038.jpg"/> <p id="N4017A4" type="main"> <s id="N4017A6">Et patent quidem atque admodum in promptu extant laudes et ui<lb/>tia maxime publicorum opus: in quibus magis ad &longs;e <expan abbr="de&longs;piciendũ">de&longs;piciendum</expan> <lb/>ne&longs;cio quo pacto trahit quod indecens e&longs;t / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad &longs;e admirandum <lb/>quod pulchre perfectum et omni ex parte ab&longs;olutum con&longs;tet. </s> <s id="N4017B7">Ac <lb/>mirum quidem quid ita &longs;it cur monente natura & docti et indoc<lb/>ti omnes in artibus et rationibus rerum quid nam in&longs;it aut recti: <lb/>aut praui confe&longs;tim &longs;entimus: E&longs;tque præ&longs;ertim in rebus eiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;en&longs;us oculorum unus omnium acerrimus: Quo fit ut &longs;iquid &longs;e <lb/>obtulerit: in quo aliquid curtum / claudicans / redundans inane: <lb/>aut inconditum &longs;it / illico commoueamur: et lepidiora e&longs;&longs;e de&longs;ide<lb/>remus. </s> <s id="N4017C8">Cur id accidat <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> omnes intelligimus / tamen &longs;i rogemur <lb/>emendari corrigique po&longs;&longs;e negabit nemo. </s> <s id="N4017D1">At qualis ea &longs;it ratio exe<lb/>quendi: non erit omnium explica&longs;&longs;e: Sed &longs;olum in ea re bene con<lb/>&longs;ultorum: Bene quidem con&longs;ulti e&longs;t omnia præcogita&longs;&longs;e et præfi<lb/>ni&longs;&longs;e animo & mente / ne in opere aut perficiundo. </s> <s id="N4017DA">aut iam ab&longs;olu<lb/>to <expan abbr="dic&etilde;dum">dicendum</expan> &longs;it hoc nolui&longs;&longs;em / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> illud malui&longs;&longs;em. </s> <s id="N4017E3">Et mirum qui<lb/>dem <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> non leui&longs;&longs;imas penas male con&longs;tructi operis pendamus: <lb/>Quod enim temere et incon&longs;ulti aggre&longs;&longs;i initio non perpendera<lb/>mus / temporum &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;u tandem recogno&longs;cimus: Ex quo fit aut <lb/>æternum ob erroris offen&longs;am peniteat: &longs;i non deleatur ac emende<lb/>tur: aut &longs;i demoliatur / impen&longs;arum et iacturæ ratio / iudiciique tui <lb/>leuitas & incon&longs;tantia damnetur. </s> <s id="N4017F6">Iuliu&longs; Cæ&longs;ar ædem a <expan abbr="nemor&etilde;&longs;i">nemoren&longs;i</expan> <lb/>a fundamentis incohatam / magnoque &longs;umptu ab&longs;olutam / quia non <lb/>tota ad animum ei re&longs;ponderet / totam dirui&longs;&longs;e affirmat Suetoni<lb/>us. </s> <s id="N401803">Qua quidem in re etiam apud nos po&longs;teros uituperandus ue<lb/>nit &longs;iquid tum non &longs;atis quæ ad rem facerent præcogitauit: aut &longs;i <lb/>forte quæ tum erant recte in&longs;tituta potuit po&longs;tea leuitatis errore <lb/>odi&longs;&longs;e.</s> </p> <p id="N40180C" type="main"> <s id="N40180E">Iccirco uetus optime edificantium mos mihi quidem &longs;emper pro<lb/>babitur: ut non per&longs;criptione modo et pictura / uerum etiam mo<lb/>dulis <expan abbr="ex&etilde;plarii&longs;que">exemplarii&longs;que</expan> factis a&longs;&longs;erula &longs;eu qua uis re uniuer&longs;um opus et <lb/>&longs;ingule cunctarum partium dimen&longs;iones de con&longs;ilio in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;i<lb/>morum iterum atque iterum pen&longs;itemus atque examinentur prius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/>quid aliud aggrediare quod impen&longs;am aut curam exigat. </s> <s id="N401823">In mo<pb xlink:href="004/01/039.jpg"/>dulis uero ducendis dabitur / ut regionis &longs;itum & arcæ ambitum <lb/>& partium numerum atque ordinem: et parietum faciem: et tecto<lb/>rum firmitatem: et omnium denique rerum / de quibus libro &longs;uperi<lb/>ore tran&longs;egimus rationem & conformationem pulcherrime &longs;pec<lb/>tes atque con&longs;ideres: Et licebit i&longs;tic impune addere / diminuere / <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan><lb/><expan abbr="mutare/īnouare">mutare / innouare</expan> ac penitus peruertere quoad omnia recte <expan abbr="cõueni">conueni</expan><lb/>ant & comprobentur. </s> <s id="N401841">Adde quod futuræ impen&longs;æ modus et &longs;umma <lb/>quæ res minime negligenda e&longs;t / certior habebitur latitudine / alti<lb/>tudine / cra&longs;&longs;itudine / numero / amplitudine / forma / &longs;pecie qualita<lb/>teque rerum &longs;ingularum pro earum dignitate et fabrorum manu <expan abbr="p&etilde;&longs;itatis">per<lb/>&longs;itatis</expan>. </s> <s id="N401850">Nam columnarum: capitulorum: ba&longs;ium: coronarum: fa<lb/>&longs;tigiorum: cru&longs;tationum: pauimentorum: &longs;tatuarumque & eiu&longs;mo<lb/>di : quæ quidem aut ad con&longs;tituendum: aut ad exornandum ædifi<lb/>cium pertinent ratio et &longs;umma explicatior certiorque habebitur.</s> </p> <p id="N40185B" type="main"> <s id="N40185D">Hoc prætermittendum <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> cen&longs;eo / quod ualde faciat ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/>modulos fucatos et ut ita loquar picturæ lænociniis faleratos pro<lb/>ducere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> eius architecti / qui rem docere &longs;tudeat. </s> <s id="N40186C">Sed eius e&longs;t am<lb/>bitio&longs;i qui &longs;pectantis oculos illicere et occupare animumque ab <lb/>recta di&longs;qui&longs;itione partium <expan abbr="p&etilde;&longs;andarum">pen&longs;andarum</expan> admouere ad &longs;e <expan abbr="admirãdum">admiran<lb/>dum</expan> conetur. </s> <s id="N40187D">Quare modulos uelim dari non exacto artificio per<lb/>finitos: ter&longs;os: illu&longs;tratos: Sed nudos & &longs;implices: in quibus <expan abbr="inu&etilde;toris">inuen<lb/>toris</expan> <expan abbr="ingenium / nõ">ingenium / non</expan> fabri manum probes: Inter pictoris atque archi<lb/>tecti per&longs;criptionem hoc intere&longs;t / quod ille prominentias ex tabula <lb/><expan abbr="mõ&longs;trare">mon&longs;trare</expan> umbris et lineis et angulis comminutis elaborat: Archi<lb/>tectus &longs;pretis umbris prominentias i&longs;tic ex fundamenti de&longs;cripti<lb/>one ponit: Spatia uero & figuras frontis cuiu&longs;que & laterum alibi <lb/>con&longs;tantibus lineis atque ueris angulis docet / uti qui &longs;ua uelit non <lb/>apparentibus putari ui&longs;is / &longs;ed certis rati&longs;que dimen&longs;ionibus annota<lb/>ri. </s> <s id="N40189D">Itaque modulos huiu&longs;modi feci&longs;&longs;e oportet: et eos ita diligenti&longs;<lb/>&longs;ime tecum ip&longs;o et una cum pluribus examina&longs;&longs;e: et iterum atque <lb/>iterum recognoui&longs;&longs;e / ut nihil in opere uel minimum futurum &longs;it <lb/>quod non et quid et quale ip&longs;um &longs;it & quas &longs;edes & quantum &longs;pa<lb/>tii occupaturum &longs;it / et quos ad u&longs;um futurum &longs;it / teneas. </s> <s id="N4018A8">Et præ <lb/>&longs;ertim tectorum ratio præceteris ut expediti&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it in primis <pb xlink:href="004/01/040.jpg"/><expan abbr="curãdum">curandum</expan> e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4018B4">Nam tectum quidem natura &longs;ui / &longs;irecte <expan abbr="īterpretor">interpretor</expan> <lb/>ex omni ædificatione mortalibus primum fuit eorum quæ ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> <lb/>quietis facerent: adeo ut tectorum gratia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> paries &longs;olum: et quæ <lb/>cum parietibus <expan abbr="&longs;urgũt">&longs;urgunt</expan> et con&longs;ecuntur: Verum etiam ea quæ &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;olo ip&longs;o &longs;unt inuenta e&longs;&longs;e non negent / uti &longs;unt aquarum depul&longs;i<lb/>ones et deriuationes quæ ex imbribus et cloacæ & eiu&longs;modi: Ego <lb/>uero u&longs;u i&longs;tarum rerum perdoctus memini <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;it difficile perducere o<lb/>pus / ut in eo &longs;int partium commoditates dignitati uenu&longs;tatique <expan abbr="cõiunctæ">con<lb/>iunctæ :</expan> hoc e&longs;t ut habeant eum cætera quæ probentur / tum et par<lb/>tium excultam uarietatem / qualem proportionum ratio & <expan abbr="concīnitas">concin<lb/>nitas</expan> diffinierit. </s> <s id="N4018E3">Magnum e&longs;t &longs;uperi id quidem / &longs;ed <expan abbr="habili / de&longs;tīato">habili / de&longs;tina<lb/>to</expan> decenti aptoque tecto operire cuncta hæc non ni&longs;i &longs;olertis: et ad <lb/>modum <expan abbr="circũ&longs;pecti">circum&longs;pecti</expan> e&longs;&longs;e ingenii opus & artificii affirmo. </s> <s id="N4018F2"><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> <lb/>cum tibi alii&longs;que peritis tota operis facies perplacebit et <expan abbr="cõiectatio">coniectatio</expan> <lb/>ita ut nihil &longs;e offerat in quo hæ&longs;ites / nihil in quo melius po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ilium">con<lb/>&longs;ilium</expan> capi &longs;tatuas / moneo ne libidine ædificandi ad opus <expan abbr="incohãdum">incohan<lb/>dum</expan> properes uetu&longs;ta ædificia demoliendo aut <expan abbr="īmania">immania</expan> uniuer&longs;i o<lb/>peris fundamenta iaciendo: quod ip&longs;um incon&longs;iderati & præcipi<lb/>tes <expan abbr="faciũt">faciunt</expan>: Sed &longs;i me audias &longs;uper&longs;edebis tempus aliquod / quoad <lb/>ingenii tui recens approbatio deferbuerit / cuncta demum accura<lb/>tius recogniturus / cum non inuenti amore: &longs;ed con&longs;ilii rationibus <lb/>dabitur / ut de ip&longs;a re con&longs;ideratius diiudices: Omnibus enim in <lb/>rebus agendis multa tempus afferet ut aduertas atque perpendas / <lb/>quæ te uel &longs;olerti&longs;&longs;imum fugerant</s> </p> <p id="N401922" type="main"> <s id="N401924">Modulos tibi recognituro hæc inter <expan abbr="pen&longs;ãdas">pen&longs;andas</expan> rationes uer&longs;entur <lb/>nece&longs; &longs;e e&longs;t: Principio ne quid aggrediare &longs;upra uires hominum: <lb/>Neue quid &longs;u&longs;cipias: quod cum rerum natura protinus depugna <lb/>turum &longs;it. </s> <s id="N401931">Naturæ enim uis tam & &longs;i interdum mole obiecta iter <lb/>pelletur: aut innixu aliquo detorqueatur / eiu&longs;modi tamen e&longs;t / ut <lb/>&longs;iuerit ea quidem <expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan> non &longs;uperare ac profligare quicquid obuer<lb/>&longs;etur: atque impediat: Et omnem quidem contra &longs;e expo&longs;itam rerum <lb/>ut ita loquar: <expan abbr="peruicaciã">peruicaciam</expan> diuturna et a&longs;&longs;idua oppugnandi per&longs;eue<lb/>rantia tempore / fecunditate labefactat atque per&longs;ternit. </s> <s id="N401942"><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> multa ho<lb/>minum manufacta et legimus & uidemus <expan abbr="nullã">nullam</expan> præ&longs;ertim ob <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/041.jpg"/>non dura&longs;&longs;e / ni&longs;i quod cum natura rerum contenderint. </s> <s id="N401953">Eum qui <lb/>ponte nauibus producto obequitare in&longs;tituerat mare quis non irri<lb/>deat: aut potius <expan abbr="in&longs;ol&etilde;tis">in&longs;olentis</expan> oderit in&longs;aniam? </s> <s id="N40195E">Portum Claudii &longs;ub <lb/>ho&longs;tia: et apud Teracinam portum Adriani opera omni exparte <lb/>alioquin æterna / tamen uidemus iam tum pridem ob&longs;tru&longs;is hare<lb/>na faucibus & repleto &longs;inu penitus defeci&longs;&longs;e mare <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquam</expan> intermi&longs;<lb/>&longs;a illuctatione a&longs;&longs;idua lace&longs;&longs;ente & in dies peruincente. </s> <s id="N40196F">Quid <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>putas futurum ubi aut impetentium aquarum uim: aut ruentium <lb/>rupium molem omnino arcere propellereque in&longs;titueris? </s> <s id="N40197A">Quæ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>ita &longs;int aduerti&longs;&longs;e oportet ne quid eiu&longs;modi aggrediamur quod <lb/>ip&longs;um non recte cum rerum natura conueniat. </s> <s id="N401985">Proxime <expan abbr="cauendũ">cauendum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;t ne quid ad te recipias in quo perficiundo ip&longs;e tibi deficias re <expan abbr="ĩperfecta">im<lb/>perfecta</expan>. </s> <s id="N401994">Tarquinum regem Romanorum / ni &longs;uperi dii amplitu<lb/>dini urbis faui&longs;&longs;ent / ni cre&longs;cente imperio &longs;atis opum ad tantam in<lb/>cohatam magnificentiam &longs;uppedita&longs;&longs;ent / quis non uitupera&longs;&longs;et / <lb/>quod templi fundamentis iaciundis <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan> futuri operis impen&longs;am <lb/>profudi&longs;&longs;et? </s> <s id="N4019A3">Accedit quod non modo quid queas / uerum & quid <lb/>deceat non in po&longs;tremis con&longs;iderandum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4019A8">Rhodopen Thraci<lb/>am meretricem illam celebrem & &longs;uorum temporum memoriam <lb/>non laudo: Quæ &longs;ibi &longs;epulchrum incredibili <expan abbr="ĩpen&longs;a">impen&longs;a</expan> condi iu&longs;&longs;it: <lb/>Nam ea quidem & &longs;i meretricio quæ&longs;tu regias adepta e&longs;&longs;et opes <lb/>regio tamen digna &longs;epulchro <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> fuit. </s> <s id="N4019BB">At reginam Cariæ ar<lb/>temi&longs;iam contra non uitupero / quæ <expan abbr="amãti&longs;&longs;imo">amanti&longs;&longs;imo</expan> et digni&longs;&longs;imo ui<lb/>ro &longs;epulchrum condidit magnificenti&longs;&longs;imum: <expan abbr="&quml;uis">quamuis</expan> quoque in his <lb/>mode&longs;tiam probem. </s> <s id="N4019CC">Mecenatem increpabat Horatius quod ædifi<lb/>cando in&longs;aniret. </s> <s id="N4019D1">Mihi uero apud Cornelium tacitum probatur is <lb/>qui othoni &longs;epulchrum po&longs;uit modicum / &longs;ed man&longs;urum. </s> <s id="N4019D6">Quod <lb/>& &longs;i in priuatis monumentis mode&longs;tiam / in publicis magnificen<lb/>tiam exigunt publica etiam interdum priuatorum mode&longs;tia col<lb/>laudantur. </s> <s id="N4019DF">Pompeii theatrum <expan abbr="obegregiã">ob egregiam</expan> opis <expan abbr="magnitudin&etilde;">magnitudinem</expan> et di<lb/>gnitatem laudibus et admiratione pro&longs;equimur. </s> <s id="N4019EC">Dignum opus <lb/>et Pompeio et uictrice Roma. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N4019F2">Sed Neronis ædificandi in&longs;aniam <lb/>et ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorum operum ad&longs;oluendorum furorem non omnes pro<lb/>bant: Tum et eum qui tam multis hominum milibus <expan abbr="mõt&etilde;">montem</expan> apud <pb xlink:href="004/01/042.jpg"/>puteolos non foderit quis non malit ultiori aliqua in re tantum o <lb/>peræ atque impen&longs;e con&longs;ump&longs;i&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N401A03">Eliogaballi prodigio&longs;am <expan abbr="in&longs;ol&etilde;tiam">in&longs;olen<lb/>tiam</expan> quis non dete&longs;tabitur. </s> <s id="N401A0C">Cogitarat enim columnam ponere in<lb/>gentem / per quam intrin&longs;ecus ad &longs;ummum con&longs;cenderetur: ut il<lb/>lic Eliogaballum deum / cui e&longs;&longs;et initiatus / locaret: Sed non in<expan abbr="&etilde;">uen</expan><lb/>to tam ua&longs;to &longs;axo conqui&longs;ito u&longs;que ad <expan abbr="thebaid&etilde;">thebaidem</expan> de&longs;titit. </s> <s id="N401A1E">His etiam <lb/>addendum e&longs;t ne quid aggrediare quod ip&longs;um & &longs;i alioquin utile <lb/>dignum ac <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> penitus difficile factu &longs;it facultatibus et temporis <lb/>oportunitate &longs;uppeditantibus / tamen &longs;it ip&longs;um eiu&longs;modi ut bre<lb/>ui aut &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;oris negligentia aut incolarum tedio <expan abbr="defecturũ">defecturum</expan> &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N401A32">Fo&longs;&longs;am quinque remibus nauigabilem ab Auerno u&longs;que <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiã">ho&longs;tiam</expan> a Ne <lb/>rone in&longs;titutam cum alias ob res uitupero / tum etiam quod in ea <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;eruãda">&longs;eruanda</expan> perpetuam eternamque imperii felicitatem et huius rei &longs;tu<lb/>dio&longs;os continue principes de&longs;idera&longs;&longs;et. </s> <s id="N401A42">Quæ cum ita &longs;int officii <lb/>erit ea &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e quæ recen&longs;uimus: hoc e&longs;t quid &longs;it quod agas / & <lb/>quid quo agas loco: et qui &longs;is qui id agas: Et pro eius dignitate et <lb/>u&longs;u rem totam con&longs;tituere nimirum hominis erit bene con&longs;ulti et <lb/>con&longs;iderati. </s> <s id="N401A4D">His notatis atque animaduer&longs;is lu&longs;tranda tibi erunt re <lb/>liqua / an &longs;int eorum quæque recte definita et apte &longs;uis locis di&longs;tri<lb/>buta: Quo pro munere obeundo ip&longs;um te ita compares opus e&longs;t: <lb/>ut in omni rerum i&longs;tarum aduer&longs;ione præ te feras turpe ducere te <lb/>non id a&longs;&longs;equi quoad in te &longs;it: Vt aliud alibi opus nullum pari <lb/>factum impen&longs;a et &longs;imili ductum oportunitate po&longs;&longs;it / aut &longs;pecta<lb/>ri lubentius / aut laudari uberius. </s> <s id="N401A5E">Neque enim &longs;at e&longs;t i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in <lb/>rebus non contemni / &longs;ed probari quidem in primis <expan abbr="c&etilde;decet / et">condecet / et</expan> <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> <lb/>haberi ut imitentur. </s> <s id="N401A6D">Quare &longs;eueros e&longs;&longs;e nos et per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tes">diligentes</expan> re<lb/>rum explicatores oportet: Et curandum ut cum nihil non elegans <lb/>& probati&longs;&longs;imum interponatur: tum et omnia inter &longs;e mutuo ad <lb/>dignitatem gratiamque conueniant / u&longs;que adeo ut quicquid addide<lb/>ris aut mutaris aut detraxeris uitio&longs;ius id et deterius futurum &longs;it <lb/>Sed rerum i&longs;tarum iterum atque <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> admoneo / fac &longs;it moderatrix <lb/>peritorum prudentia et con&longs;ilium eorum / qui &longs;pectaturi &longs;int rec<lb/>to aliquo & &longs;incero cum iudicio. </s> <s id="N401A8C"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> i&longs;torum <expan abbr="&longs;cīa">&longs;cientia</expan> et <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;titutis">in&longs;titutis</expan> magis <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> priuata uoluntate & &longs;en&longs;u dabitur / ut quæ agas uel <expan abbr="optĩa">optima</expan> &longs;int / <pb xlink:href="004/01/043.jpg"/>uel optimis &longs;imilia. </s> <s id="N401AA9">Demum peritorum uoce probari quod agas <lb/>profecto pulcherrimum e&longs;t: & &longs;atis &longs;uperque approbant qui melio<lb/>ra non afferunt: ex qua re fractum quoque uoluptatis capias <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> <lb/>nemo i&longs;torum qui &longs;apiunt non a&longs;&longs;entiantur: Et conferet <expan abbr="quo&longs;dã">quo&longs;dam</expan> <lb/>audi&longs;&longs;e: Nam interdum conuenit / ut etiam i&longs;tarum rerum imperiti <lb/>ea dicant quæ minime a&longs;pernenda periti&longs;&longs;imis uideantur.</s> </p> <p id="N401ABE" type="main"> <s id="N401AC0">Cum uero tota ædificii ratio ex &longs;ingulis modulorum partibus ita <lb/>erit apud te &longs;pectata et cognita: ut nihil non animaduer&longs;um: nihil <lb/>non adnotatum u&longs;piam relinquatur: & interea ita omnino decre<lb/>ueris ædificare: et apud te con&longs;tabit unde &longs;umptibus oportune sa<lb/>ti&longs;fiat / parabis reliqua ad opus ip&longs;um exequendum nece&longs;&longs;aria: ne <lb/>quid inter ædificandum de&longs;it: quod a perficiundi operis celerita<lb/>te auocet. </s> <s id="N401ACF">Nam cum &longs;int plura quibus ad opus ab&longs;oluendum <expan abbr="ĩdigeas">indi<lb/>geas</expan> : cumque illorum quid uis ni ad&longs;it omnem &longs;tructuram po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>aut impedire aut uitiare / officii erit nihil neglexi&longs;&longs;e / quod confe<lb/>rat &longs;i ad&longs;it: aut noceat / &longs;i de&longs;it. </s> <s id="N401ADC">Dauid et Salomon hebreorum re<lb/>ges facturi <expan abbr="t&etilde;plum">templum</expan> hiero&longs;olimis / cum maximam uim auri / argen<lb/>ti / æris / lignorum / lapidi&longs;que & eiu&longs;modi para&longs;&longs;ent: tum et ne quod <lb/>dee&longs;&longs;et quod ad rei facilitatem & celeritatem faceret / a proximis <lb/>regibus multa <expan abbr="fabrorũ">fabrorum</expan> milia et architectos accer&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Eu<lb/>&longs;ebius Pamphilus. </s> <s id="N401AF1">Quod factum quidem uehementer probo: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>affert nimirum operi dignitatem: et auctoris gloriam accumulati<lb/>orem reddit: quod arte ac recte factum mature perfectum &longs;it apud <lb/>&longs;criptores celebratur. </s> <s id="N401AFE">Alexander Macedo / quem refert Curtius / <lb/>urbem apud Tanaim non <expan abbr="minimã">minimam</expan> ædifica&longs;&longs;e diebus non plus &longs;ep<lb/>tem. </s> <s id="N401B09">Et Nabuchodona&longs;or quod templum Beli ut &longs;cribit lo&longs;ephus <lb/>hi&longs;toricus / diebus quindecim ab&longs;oluerit: quodue Babilonem tri<lb/>plici / uti aiunt / muro cinxerit diebus itidem quindecim. </s> <s id="N401B10">Titus <lb/>quod murum &longs;tadiorum paulo minus quadraginta a&longs;truxerit. </s> <s id="N401B15">Se<lb/>miramis quod &longs;ingula maximorum murorum &longs;tadia apud Babilo<lb/>nem &longs;ingulis diebus perfecerit: quodue murum ad cohercendum <lb/>latum &longs;tadiis ducentis admodum profundum atque latum diebus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>plus &longs;eptem duxerit. </s> <s id="N401B24">Sed de his alias</s> </p> <p id="N401B27" type="main"> <s id="N401B29">Quæ uero para&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõuenit / nimirum">conuenit / nimirum</expan> hæc &longs;unt / calx / harena lapis <pb xlink:href="004/01/044.jpg"/>materia: item et ferrum et æs et plumbum et uitrum: et huiu&longs;mo<lb/>di. </s> <s id="N401B36">Et inprimis fabros minime imperitos / minime leues / minime <lb/>incon&longs;tantes. </s> <s id="N401B3B">&longs;eligendos duco: quibus tu opus recte per&longs;criptum <lb/>&longs;edulo faciundum mandes atque commendes / ut probe persiniant / <lb/>maturæque ab&longs;oluant. </s> <s id="N401B42">Et in his omnibus probandis iuuabit ex pro<lb/>ximis quæ alibi in promptu extant operibus ducere argumenta et <lb/>coniecturas quibus admonitus &longs;tatuas quid tua in re <expan abbr="agendũ">agendum</expan> &longs;it: <lb/>Namque in illis uitia & laudes notentur / eodem quoque in tuo futu<lb/>ra opere per&longs;imillima poteris arbitrari. </s> <s id="N401B51">Nero princeps cum in&longs;ti<lb/>tui&longs;&longs;et centum ac uiginti pedum Romæ ad uenerationem &longs;olis co<lb/>lo&longs;&longs;um ponere: in quo &longs;uperiorum amplitudinem & magnificen<lb/>tiam &longs;uperaret / non prius loca&longs;&longs;e faciundum Zenodaro artifici per <lb/>ea tempora celebri ac &longs;ingulari &longs;cribit <expan abbr="Plinius/&quml;">Plinius / quam</expan> &longs;atis probatum <lb/>uidit quid in tanti operis artificio ualeret facto in gallia apud ar<lb/>uernos collo&longs;o miri ponderis. </s> <s id="N401B64">Atque hi&longs; con&longs;titutis ad cætera pro&longs;equa<lb/>mur. </s> <s id="N401B69">Atqui nos quidem in huiu&longs;modi rebus / quæ ad opus ædifi<lb/>ciorum commoda &longs;unt / recen&longs;endis / ea referamus quæ docti uete<lb/>res tradidere: Præ&longs;ertim Theophra&longs;tu&longs; / Ari&longs;toteles / Cato / Var<lb/>ro / Plinius / Vitruuiu&longs;que. </s> <s id="N401B74">Nam ea quidem longa ob&longs;eruatione <lb/><expan abbr="magis/&qtilde;">magis / quae</expan> ullis ingenii artibus cogno&longs;cuntur: Vt ab his qui i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi &longs;umma diligentia <expan abbr="adnotarunt / pet&etilde;da">adnotarunt / petenda</expan> &longs;int. </s> <s id="N401B82">Sequemur <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> <lb/>ea colligentes: quæ probati&longs;&longs;imi ueteres pluribus et uariis locis trac<lb/>tauere. </s> <s id="N401B8D">Addemus etiam no&longs;tro pro more &longs;iqua ip&longs;i ex maiorum o<lb/>peribus aut ex peritorum artificum monitis adnotarimus: quæ ul<lb/>la ex parte dicendis conferant: Et enim <expan abbr="percõmode">percommode</expan> fieri arbitror <lb/>&longs;i naturam rerum ip&longs;arum &longs;equentes ab his ip&longs;is incipiemus / quæ <lb/>prius ad hanc rem ædificatoriam &longs;ibi homines u&longs;urparunt. </s> <s id="N401B9C">Ea ni <lb/>fallimur fuere cæduæ arbores & &longs;yluarum materia / tam & &longs;i apud <lb/>auctores <expan abbr="inueniã">inueniam</expan> qui de his inter &longs;e di&longs;crepent. </s> <s id="N401BA7">Sunt qui dicant <lb/>homines primum <expan abbr="&longs;pelũcis">&longs;peluncis</expan> habita&longs;&longs;e ita ut pecus et domini <expan abbr="c&etilde;muni">commu<lb/>ni</expan> clauderentur umbra: Hinc credunt quod fertur apud Plinium <lb/>Gelium quendam Taxium imitatione naturæ primum omnium <lb/>luteum &longs;ibi a&longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e ædificium: Deam Diodorus Ve&longs;tam &longs;atur<lb/>ni filiam ait primum habitacula adinueni&longs;&longs;e: Eu&longs;ebius <expan abbr="Pãphilus">Pamphilus</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/045.jpg"/><expan abbr="elegãs">elegans</expan> antiquitatum per&longs;crutator ex ueterum te&longs;timoniis Protho<lb/>genii nepotes excogita&longs;&longs;e hominibus domicilia a&longs;&longs;euerat / quæ ex <lb/>foliis harundinum & papiro <expan abbr="intexeren&ttilde;">intexerentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N401BCF">Sed nos redeamus ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan></s> </p> <p id="N401BD5" type="main"> <s id="N401BD7">Veteres igitur & in primis Theophra&longs;tus &longs;cindere <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;">arborem</expan> prae<lb/>&longs;ertim abietem et piceam et pinum iubent / ubi primum germina&longs; <lb/>&longs;e tenero&longs;que caudices promp&longs;i&longs;&longs;e occeperint: Vbi & propter hu<lb/>moris exuberantiam facile corticem amoui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;is: E&longs;&longs;e tamen <lb/>aliquas po&longs;t <expan abbr="uīdemiam">uindemiam</expan>: quæ cæ&longs;æ commodiores &longs;int: uti e&longs;t acer <lb/>ulmus / fraxinus / tilia / Robora item &longs;i <expan abbr="credãtur">credantur</expan> uere / fieri teredi<lb/>no&longs;a atte&longs;tantur. </s> <s id="N401BF2">At eadem &longs;i cedantur bruma / fieri ut neque uitien<lb/>tur / neque pandantur: Et faciat ad rem quod adnotarunt materiam <lb/>quidem: quæ per brumam flante borea cedatur / etiam <expan abbr="uirent&etilde;">uirentem</expan> bel<lb/>li&longs;&longs;ime & prope immunem fumo ardere: Quæ res inditio e&longs;t hu<lb/>morem &longs;ucco&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e non crudo &longs;ed dige&longs;to. </s> <s id="N401C01">Vitruuio placuit <lb/>materiam cedi a primo autumno u&longs;que <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequam</expan> flare incipiat Fauoni<lb/>us. </s> <s id="N401C0C">He&longs;iodus quando inquit &longs;ol no&longs;trum in caput pendens multa <lb/>inferue&longs;cit ui : et hominum inde color fu&longs;catur / tunc me&longs;&longs;is in&longs;tat <lb/>Cum uero decidere folia ceperint / tu &longs;iluam cedito. </s> <s id="N401C15">At Cato rem <lb/>totam &longs;ic moderatur. </s> <s id="N401C1A">Materiem inquit &longs;i robur &longs;it / cedito ubi &longs;ol<lb/>&longs;titium fuerit: Nam ad brumam &longs;emper intempe&longs;tiua e&longs;t: cætera <lb/>materies quæ &longs;emen habet cum maturum fuerit: quæ non habet / <lb/>cum libuerit: Quæ maturum & una uiride habet / tunc cedito <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>&longs;emen exciderit: Vlmum uero cum cadunt &longs;olia. </s> <s id="N401C2B">Et referre pluri<lb/>mum aiunt qua luna ferrum adigas. </s> <s id="N401C30">Namque tantam quidem uim <lb/>lunationum e&longs;&longs;e in eiu&longs;modi rebus ferro attingendis putant cum <lb/>cæteri / tum in primis Varro: ut etiam qui tondantur luna decre<lb/>&longs;cente fieri confe&longs;tim caluos a&longs;&longs;euerent: Eaque de re <expan abbr="Tiberiũ">Tiberium</expan> prin<lb/>cipem referunt diem capillo tondendo &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N401C41">A&longs;tronomi affir<lb/>mant non defuturam animo tri&longs;titiam &longs;i capillum aut unguem &longs;e<lb/>cueris luna oppre&longs;&longs;a maleque affecta. </s> <s id="N401C48">Illud faciat ad rem quod <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> <lb/>quas res ad u&longs;um habiturus &longs;is / ut locis <expan abbr="moueãtur">moueantur</expan> has ferro manu <lb/>que tractandas cum fuerit luna in libra cancroue: Quæ uero &longs;tabili <lb/>a & locis immota futura &longs;int / tunc incohandas et pertractandas <lb/>cum erit luna <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> leone tauroue & eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N401C5F">Sed cedi oportere ma<pb xlink:href="004/01/046.jpg"/>teriem periti omnes admonent luna deficiente: Nam tune admo <lb/>dum exhau&longs;tam e&longs;&longs;e arboris &longs;tatuunt cra&longs;&longs;am illam pituitatem: <lb/>quæ quidem adcitam putredinem <expan abbr="imbuendã">imbuendam</expan> per prona &longs;it: lunaque <lb/>i&longs;thac cæ&longs;am cariæ non infe&longs;tari expertum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N401C70">Hinc e&longs;t quod <lb/>aiunt / frumenta ut uendas metito luna pleniore: Nam et ip&longs;a <expan abbr="tũe">tunc</expan> <lb/>admodum plena &longs;unt: ut uero a&longs;&longs;erues metito luna &longs;itiente: Con<lb/>&longs;tat etiam frondes arborum luna decre&longs;cente præparatas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> putre<lb/>&longs;cere. </s> <s id="N401C83">Diem uero cedendis arboribus commodam putat Columel<lb/>la a uige&longs;ima u&longs;que ad trige&longs;imam con&longs;ene&longs;centis luræ. </s> <s id="N401C88">Vegetio<lb/>&longs;cindi arborem placuit a quintadecima u&longs;que ad uige&longs;imam &longs;ecun<lb/>dam lunam: hincque religionem ortam putat: ut pio eternitate his <lb/>tantum diebus celebrent: quod per eos cæ&longs;a æternum durent. </s> <s id="N401C91">Ad<lb/>dunt et lunam ob&longs;eruandam ut occidat. </s> <s id="N401C96">At Plinius optime cædi <lb/>arborem putat cane maxime oriente lunaque coheunte : qui dies in<lb/>terlunium uocatur: et noctem ducit expectandam eius ip&longs;ius diei <lb/>quoad luna &longs;ub terra &longs;it. </s> <s id="N401C9F">Huius rei rationem A&longs;tronomi e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="predicãt">pre<lb/>dicant</expan>: quod ui lunæ omnis rerum humor commoueatur. </s> <s id="N401CA9">Ergo hu<lb/>more lunam uer&longs;us ad ultimas radicis fibras aut retracto aut de&longs;ti<lb/>tuto / Cætera materies perpurgatior relinquitur. </s> <s id="N401CB0">Adde his quod <lb/>multo fideliores putant futuras &longs;i non &longs;tatim pro&longs;ternantur / Ve<lb/>rum circuncidantur ut &longs;tantes &longs;ic are&longs;cant: Quin & abietem arbo<lb/>rem alioquin <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> humoris contagionem haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquam</expan> <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imã">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> <lb/>&longs;i luna decre&longs;cente decorticetur / futuram affirmant / ut aquis non <lb/>corrumpatur. </s> <s id="N401CC9">Sunt qui atte&longs;tentur robur et <expan abbr="quærcũ">quærcum</expan> graues ma<lb/>terias / quæ aquis natura &longs;ub&longs;idant / &longs;i circuncidantur uere primo <lb/>& po&longs;t ami&longs;&longs;am frondem pro&longs;ternantur / reddi ut aquis ad diem <lb/>u&longs;que nonage&longs;imum adnatent: Alii amplius concidi &longs;tantis arboris <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;itudinem <expan abbr="iub&etilde;t">iubent</expan> ad mediam u&longs;que medullam quo &longs;anies & ma<lb/>lus &longs;uccus &longs;tillando effu&longs;ius depleatur: His addunt ne <expan abbr="ullã">ullam</expan> &longs;ter<lb/>nas arborem dolandam aut &longs;ecandam ante &longs;ues æditos fructus et <lb/>&longs;eminis maturitatem: Perci&longs;am inde arborem / ut præ&longs;ertim quæ <lb/>fructum ferat / nudari penitus cortice admonent oportere. </s> <s id="N401CE8">Nam <lb/>facile quidem &longs;ub libro / dum cortice opertæ <expan abbr="&longs;tent / contaminan&ttilde;">&longs;tent / contaminantur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N401CF2">Cæ&longs;am materiem habere conditam oportet loco ubi graues &longs;oles <pb xlink:href="004/01/047.jpg"/>et acres uentorum afflatus non appellant: & præ&longs;ertim quæ <expan abbr="&longs;põte">spon<lb/>te</expan> <expan abbr="dan&ttilde;/umbra">dantur / umbra</expan> penitus contectas e&longs;&longs;e oportet: Quin <!-- REMOVE S-->et huius gra<lb/>tia fimo illinire maxime bouillo ueteres architecti ob&longs;eruarunt: <lb/>Id ea de re fieri Theophra&longs;tus di&longs;&longs;erebat / quod circumconclu&longs;is egre&longs;<lb/>&longs;ibus / concreta pituita / in modicaque uaporum uis per medullum <lb/>&longs;en&longs;im in&longs;tillet atque re&longs;piret / quo fit ut cætera ligni &longs;iccitas &longs;icci<lb/>&longs;cendo coequalibus conden&longs;etur: Stantes item cacumine quod in <lb/>uer&longs;o commodius &longs;iccari arbitrantur: Tum & contra uetu&longs;tatem <lb/>ac futuros morbos uaria adhibeant remedia: Theophra&longs;tus defo&longs;<lb/>&longs;am materiem multo den&longs;ari arbitratur. </s> <s id="N401D17">Cato iubet ce&longs;am materi<lb/>em amurca illiniri / quo a tinea et carie immunis &longs;it. </s> <s id="N401D1C">Quæ aqui&longs; <lb/>et mari uitientur pice tutari in promptu e&longs;t: Referunt & ligna <lb/>quæ macerata &longs;int / amurca nullo fumi tedio ardere. </s> <s id="N401D23">Ad labyrin<lb/>thum ægyptium po&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e trabes ex &longs;pina ægyptia incohatas o <lb/>leo &longs;cribit Plinius. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N401D2B">Vi&longs;co inquit Theophra&longs;tus illitam materiem <lb/>non ardere. </s> <s id="N401D30">Neque hoc pretermittam: Extat apud Gellium ex <expan abbr="ãna">anna<lb/>libus</expan> quinti Claudii turrim ligneam ad pyreum / quod eam arche<lb/>laus Mitridatis præfectus multo a lumine oblini&longs;&longs;et / Sylla oppu<lb/>gnante minime ar&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: Sunt præterea quæ modis uariis den&longs;ent: <lb/>et contra tempe&longs;tatum iniurias corroborentur: Nam citream qui<lb/>dem materiem condiunt terra & illiniunt cæra: imponuntque acer<lb/>uis frumenti &longs;eptenis diebus / totidem intermi&longs;&longs;is: Quo fit ut cum <lb/>firmior: tum et ad opus commodior reddatur: Mirum enim <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan>mo <lb/>dum ponderi detrahitur: hanc ip&longs;am etiam &longs;iccatam mari <expan abbr="duriti&etilde;">duritiem</expan> <lb/>acquirere affirmant &longs;pi&longs;&longs;am & incorruptibilem. </s> <s id="N401D51">Ca&longs;taneam aquas <lb/>maris purgari con&longs;tat. </s> <s id="N401D58">Ficum ægyptiam &longs;cribit Plinius &longs;tagno <lb/>in mergunt / ut &longs;iccetur atque leuigetur: nam ea quidem prius aquas <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;idit: No&longs;tros fabros tignarios uidemus aquis et luto &longs;ubmer<lb/>&longs;am / qua præ&longs;ertim torno utuntur: materiem &longs;eruare dies trigin<lb/>ta quod maturius ex&longs;iccatam & fieri ad omnes u&longs;us habiliore pu<lb/>tant: Sunt qui affirment materiem cuius euenire hic / ut &longs;i dum <lb/>adhuc uiret / defodias in humido / æterna &longs;it. </s> <s id="N401D6B">Sed &longs;iue defodias: &longs;i<lb/>ue illitam lucisue conditam &longs;erues hac in &longs;ententia periti omnes <lb/>conueniunt: ut ni&longs;i po&longs;t trime&longs;tre tangi uetent:</s> </p> <pb xlink:href="004/01/048.jpg"/> <p id="N401D75" type="main"> <s id="N401D77">Den&longs;ari enim et quandam qua&longs;i maturitatem firmitatis imbui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet <expan abbr="priu&longs;&qtilde;">priu&longs;quam</expan> in opus producantur. </s> <s id="N401D80">Sic habitam iubet Cato exi<lb/>mi producique ad &longs;olem luna decre&longs;cente et po&longs;t meridiem / decre<lb/>&longs;centi&longs;que lunæ ip&longs;ius quatuor proximos dies quibus plena fuerit / <lb/>improbat admonetque ne au&longs;tro flante educatur / Et cum eduxeris <lb/>cauendum ne trahas per rorem: neue <expan abbr="rorul&etilde;tam">rorulentam</expan> aut gelidam aut <lb/>non u&longs;que quaque &longs;iccam doles aut perfindas &longs;erra. </s> <s id="N401D91">Materiem ui&longs;us <lb/>e&longs;t puta&longs;&longs;e Theophra&longs;tus non ante triennium bene ex&longs;iccatam fo<lb/>re ad a&longs;&longs;eres præ&longs;ertim et ualuarum u&longs;um. </s> <s id="N401D98">Operi ædificiorum <lb/>commodi&longs;&longs;imas putant arbores has / Cerrum / Quercum / robora / <lb/>e&longs;culum / populum / tilium / Salicem / Alnum / Fraxinum / Pinum <lb/>Cupre&longs;&longs;um / Olea&longs;trum / Oleam / Ca&longs;taneam / Laricem / Euxum: <lb/>et Cedrum: item & Ebanum & item Vitim. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N401DA4">Sed his omnibus ua<lb/>ria e&longs;t natura: et perinde uariis u&longs;ibus commodandæ. </s> <s id="N401DA9">Nam aliæ <lb/>&longs;ub diuo cæteris præ&longs;tant: alie in umbra &longs;eruantur. </s> <s id="N401DAE">aliæ nitent ae<lb/>re: aliæ dure&longs;cunt inter aquas & defo&longs;&longs;e æterniores &longs;unt: ldcirco <lb/>hæ lamiis a&longs;&longs;eribus &longs;culturis inte&longs;tini&longs;que operibus / alteræ tignis <lb/>et trabibus: reliquæ &longs;ubdiualibus <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tis">pauimentis</expan> <expan abbr="fer&etilde;dis">ferendis</expan> et <expan abbr="operim&etilde;tis">operimentis</expan> <lb/>habendis exi&longs;tunt firmiores & præ&longs;ertim Alnus fluuialibus et pa<lb/>lu&longs;tribus palationibus fundamentorum omnes exuperat: et humo<lb/>ris patienti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: Eadem in aere et &longs;olibus non durat. </s> <s id="N401DC9">Contra <lb/>e&longs;culus impatiens e&longs;t humoris. </s> <s id="N401DCE">Vlmus aere et in pr<expan abbr="o&ptilde;a">opera</expan>tulo <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;a">den&longs;a</expan><lb/>tur: alibi panditur et non per&longs;i&longs;tit. </s> <s id="N401DD7">Picea & item pinus &longs;i terra ob<lb/>ruantur æterna &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N401DDC">At robur quidem quod &longs;pi&longs;&longs;a et neruo&longs;a &longs;it <lb/>et den&longs;a minuti&longs;que foraminibus predita humorem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> recipiens <lb/>terrenis quibu&longs;que ædificationibus per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> apti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: maximeque <lb/>po&longs;ita ut ferat pondera erit / tum quidem pro columna admodum <lb/>ualidi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N401DEF">Verum huic natura cum tantam immi&longs;erit duritiem <lb/>ut perterebrari nequeat ni&longs;i madefacta / tamen affirmant &longs;upra <expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e incon&longs;tantem et rituo&longs;am fieri et contorquere &longs;e &longs;e: <expan abbr="eandemque&etilde;t">eandemque <lb/>et</expan> aqua marina facile <expan abbr="corrũpi">corrumpi</expan>. </s> <s id="N401E04">Id oleæ et ilici et olea&longs;tri /quæ cete <lb/>ris in rebus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> robore conueniunt non accidit ut aquas <expan abbr="cõmaceren&ttilde;">commacerentur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N401E12">Quercus nullo &longs;enio <expan abbr="confici&ttilde;/qa">conficitur / qua</expan> <expan abbr="intimũ">intimum</expan> &longs;ucco&longs;a <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> et prope uti ui<lb/>rens &longs;it: Fagum item et iuglandem aquis non u&longs;que <expan abbr="corrũpi">corrumpi</expan> & <expan abbr="īter">inter</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/049.jpg"/>principales quæ defodiantur <expan abbr="annumerãt">annumerant</expan>. </s> <s id="N401E33">Suber item ad u&longs;um co<lb/>lumnarum et pinus &longs;ilue&longs;tris & morus & acer & ulmus non inuti<lb/>les &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N401E3A">Trabeationibus et tignis aptam putat Theofra&longs;tus <expan abbr="nuc&etilde;">nucem</expan> <lb/>euboicam: quod ea quidem ante<expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> rumpitur / &longs;onitu &longs;ignum det: <lb/>Exque eo factum olim ut ex balneo apud Andrum qui incrant om<lb/>nes incolumes ab ruina tectorum &longs;ecuta effugerint. </s> <s id="N401E50">Sed omnium <lb/>optima abies: Nam cum proceritate & amplitudine primaria &longs;it <lb/>tum rigore naturali contenta <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> facile oneribus pre&longs;&longs;antibus flec<lb/>titur: &longs;ed directa inuictaque permanet: Adde quod facilis e&longs;t et parie<lb/>tibus &longs;uo pondere non mole&longs;ta. </s> <s id="N401E65">Huic uni plurimæ a&longs;cribuntur <lb/>laudes: plures de &longs;e præ&longs;tare utilitates affirmant. </s> <s id="N401E72">Vnum tamen <lb/>illi e&longs;&longs;e uitium non negant: quod perficile ad &longs;e flammas admi<lb/>tat: atque ignibus infen&longs;a &longs;it: Huic non po&longs;tponitur contignandis <lb/>edibus cupre&longs;&longs;us arbos alio quin eiu&longs;modi ut inter no&longs;tras arbores <lb/>primariam et præcipuam &longs;ibi laudem uendicet. </s> <s id="N401E87">Hanc ueteres in<lb/>ter clari&longs;&longs;imas computabant non ultimam ab cedro atque ebano. <lb/></s> <s id="N401E8F">Cupre&longs;&longs;umque apud indos prope inter aromata uenerantur: et me<lb/>rito id quidem: Laudent qui uelint amoniam chiam & <expan abbr="cirenaicã">cirenaicam</expan>: <lb/>quam e&longs;&longs;e æternam prædicat Theophra&longs;tus: Vtrum / odore / nito<lb/>re. </s> <s id="N401E9C">robore / magnitudine / rectitudine / perhennitate: His omnibus <lb/>in laudibus quam tu illi arborem comparabis: Cariem & uetu&longs;ta<lb/>tem penitus nihil &longs;entire cupre&longs;&longs;um affirmant: et rimam &longs;ponte <lb/>haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquam</expan> capere: Ea nimirum de re Plato legas publicas: atque <lb/>in&longs;tituta in &longs;acris ponendas cen&longs;ebat tabulis cupre&longs;&longs;inis / quod fu<lb/>turas forte æterniores putabat qua&mgrave; ære. </s> <s id="N401EAD">Hic locus admonet ut refe<lb/>ram memoratu digna / quæ de cupre&longs;&longs;u ip&longs;a legerim & uiderim: <lb/>Valuas cupre&longs;&longs;as in templo æphe&longs;iæ Dianæ annos dura&longs;&longs;e qua<lb/>dringentos te&longs;tantur: & eas &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e nitorem: adeo ut nouas per<lb/>petuo diceres. </s> <s id="N401EB8">Nos Romæ ad Petri ba&longs;ilicam uidimus / cum ab <lb/>Eugenio pontifice maximo ualue re&longs;tituerentur / ubi <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ma<lb/>nus iniuriam rapiendo argento quo olim fuerant ue&longs;titæ / non in<lb/>tuli&longs;&longs;ent / &longs;olidas & integerrimas annos plus quingentos quinqua<lb/>ginta perdura&longs;&longs;e: Nam &longs;i recte annales pontificium urbis Romæ <lb/>interpretamur / tot ab Adriani tertii Pontificis temporibus <pb xlink:href="004/01/050.jpg"/>qui eas po&longs;uit ad quartum Eugenium &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N401ECD">Itaque contignationi<lb/>bu&longs; faciundis Abietem probant: & cupre&longs;&longs;um una re forta&longs;&longs;is pre<lb/>ferunt quod &longs;it æternior: Sed e&longs;t abiete grauior <expan abbr="probãt">probant</expan> et <expan abbr="pinũ">pinum</expan> et pice<lb/>am. </s> <s id="N401EDE">Pinum enim abiete per&longs;imilem e&longs;&longs;e contra iniectum pondus <lb/>reniti putant: Sed inter pinum atque abietem cum cætera tum hoc <lb/>intere&longs;t / <expan abbr="&qtail;">quae</expan> terebinæ abies eo leditur minus quo e&longs;t pinus quidem <lb/>&longs;ucco <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> Abies dulciori. </s> <s id="N401EEB">Ego nulli po&longs;tponendam puto laricem <lb/>hanc equidem &longs;tructurarum <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;ime & diuti&longs;&longs;ime &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tenta&longs;&longs;e cum alibi tum apud Venetias ex uetu&longs;tis fori operibus <lb/>annotauimus. </s> <s id="N401EFA">Atqui eam quidem de &longs;e præ&longs;tare utilitates cunc<lb/>tas / quas cætere præ&longs;tent arbores affirmant. </s> <s id="N401F01">Neruo&longs;a e&longs;t: uirium <lb/>tenax: in tempe&longs;tatibus firmi&longs;&longs;ima: aduer&longs;us cariem ille&longs;a. </s> <s id="N401F06">Ve<lb/>tus opinio hanc contra ignium iniurias <expan abbr="inuictã">inuictam</expan> & prope ille&longs;am <lb/>per&longs;i&longs;tere / Quin & obiciendos ex larice a&longs;&longs;es eo uer&longs;us unde igni<lb/>um aduentitium malum extime&longs;cas iubent: Sed nos eam uidi<lb/>mus incen&longs;am ardere / ramen ita ut flammas dedignari: ea&longs;que uel<lb/>le ab &longs;e di&longs;cutere uideatur. </s> <s id="N401F19">Vnum habere con&longs;tat uitium: nam a <lb/>quis marinis redditur teredini obnoxia. </s> <s id="N401F1E">Inutiles <expan abbr="trabeatioĩbus">trabeationibus</expan> fo<lb/>re prædicant robora & oleam / quod grauia &longs;int: quod cedant pon<lb/>deri & prope &longs;ponte &longs;ua deflectantur: tum & quæ facilius <expan abbr="frangũ">frangun<lb/>tur</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> findantur ad i&longs;tos trabeationum u&longs;us utilia non &longs;unt / uti e&longs;t <lb/>olea & ficus & tilia et &longs;alicta et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N401F35">Mirum quod de pal<lb/>ma <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;euerant / cõtra">a&longs;&longs;euerant / contra</expan> &longs;uperimpo&longs;itum <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> reniti et in diuer&longs;um <lb/>curuari. </s> <s id="N401F44">Subdiualibus <expan abbr="trabeatõibus">trabeatonibus</expan> et tecturis iuniperum omnibus <lb/>præferunt: & huic ait Plinius <expan abbr="eand&etilde;">eandem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> atque cedro / Sed <lb/>&longs;olidiorem. </s> <s id="N401F57">Tum et oleam infinitam habere æternitatem prædi<lb/>cant: & Buxum etiam inter primarias annumerant: Ca&longs;taneam <lb/>quidem tam et &longs;i pandat et torqueatur / non tamen in his operibus <lb/>quæ &longs;ub diuo e&longs;&longs;e oporteat / recu&longs;ant. </s> <s id="N401F60">Probant & in primis olea<lb/>&longs;trum ea maxime re qua & Cupre&longs;&longs;um quod cariem non &longs;entiat: <lb/>quo in numero &longs;unt arbores / quibus in&longs;itus & infu&longs;us unctuo&longs;us <lb/>& gummo&longs;us &longs;uccus e&longs;t præ&longs;ertim amarus : Eiu&longs;modi enim Ver<lb/>mem negant admittere et aduertitias humiditates excludere in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N401F6F">Contrariam his putant materiem omnem: <pb xlink:href="004/01/051.jpg"/>quæ dulci &longs;it &longs;ucco prædita: & quæ facile incendatur. </s> <s id="N401F76">Ab his ta<lb/>men excipiunt oleam et olea&longs;trum. </s> <s id="N401F7B">Cerrum aut et fagum natura <lb/>imbecillem e&longs;&longs;e contra tempe&longs;tatem & non peruenire ad uenu&longs;ta<lb/>tem affirmat Vitruuius. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N401F83">Plinius quercum item celeriter ait mar<lb/>ce&longs;cere. </s> <s id="N401F88">Ad reliqua uero inte&longs;tina opera <expan abbr="naluarum / lectorum / m&etilde;">naluarum / lectorum / men</expan><lb/>&longs;arum &longs;ub&longs;elliorum et eiu&longs;modi abies egregia e&longs;t: præ&longs;ertim quæ <lb/>ad alpim Italiæ montem excre&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N401F93">Nam hæc arbos natura e&longs;t &longs;ic<lb/>ci&longs;&longs;ima et glutinum per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> tenaci&longs;&longs;ima: E&longs;t & picea et cupre&longs;&longs;us <lb/>his rebus percommoda. </s> <s id="N401F9E">Fagum fore alioquin fragilem prædicant <lb/>Sed cap&longs;is lecti&longs;que utilem: & in tenui&longs;&longs;imas &longs;ecari laminas: &longs;eca<lb/>ri quoque et ilicem aiunt belli&longs;&longs;ime: Inutiles et a&longs;&longs;eres habendæ <lb/>&longs;unt iuglans / quod facile frangatur / ulmus fraxinu&longs;que: Nam hæ <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <lb/>et &longs;i lente / facile tamen panduntur. </s> <s id="N401FAF">Verum <expan abbr="obedienti&longs;&longs;imã">obedienti&longs;&longs;imam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>omnium in opere affirmant fraxinum. </s> <s id="N401FB8">Sed nucem demiror non <lb/>multo e&longs;&longs;e in antiquorum monitis celebratiorem / quando ea qui<lb/>dem ut uidere licet / cum ad cæteros plero&longs;que u&longs;us / tum maxime <lb/>a&longs;&longs;eritiis operibus admodum habilis et pertractabilis e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N401FC1"><expan abbr="Morũ">Morum</expan> <lb/>laudant cum ob eius æternitatem / tum quod nigre&longs;cat uetu&longs;tate <expan abbr="īdies">in dies</expan> <lb/>et fiat gratior. </s> <s id="N401FCF">Valuas memorat Theophra&longs;tus con&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e diui<lb/>tes ponere ex loto ilice buxoue. </s> <s id="N401FD4">Vlmum quæ rigorem firmi&longs;&longs;i<lb/>me a&longs;&longs;eruet: ideo portarum cardinibus utilem ducunt: Sed permu<lb/>tari iubent oportere ut &longs;it radix &longs;uperior inuer&longs;o cacumine: Cato <lb/>uectes aquifolios laureo&longs; atque ulmeos fieri iubet: Clauiculis cor <lb/>num comprobant: Gradus ad &longs;calas orno atque acere ponebant: Pi<lb/>nus: Picea: Vlmus ad aquarum ductus intercauabantur: &longs;ed ha&longs;<lb/>ce ni&longs;i terra contegas oci&longs;&longs;ime &longs;ene&longs;cere a&longs;&longs;euerant. </s> <s id="N401FE3">Cæterum or<lb/>nandis ædibus laricem feminam quæ colore &longs;imilis e&longs;t melli com<lb/>pertum habent in tabellis pictorum e&longs;&longs;e immortalem: & nullis <lb/>riuis fixilem palmaque ei nerui non in&longs;int tractim: &longs;ed cæ&longs;im. </s> <s id="N401FEC">Id <lb/>circo ad &longs;imulacra deorum efficienda utebantur. </s> <s id="N401FF1">Tum & uteban<lb/>tur Lotho ac Buxo & Cedro: & item Cupre&longs;&longs;o: et cra&longs;&longs;iore olea<lb/>rum radice / ægyptiaque perfica: quam e&longs;&longs;e lotho &longs;imilem referunt <lb/>Torno autem &longs;iquid terete reddidi&longs;&longs;e opus erat Fago / Moro / Te<lb/>rebinto: & inprimi&longs; Buxo omnium &longs;pi&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima: <pb xlink:href="004/01/052.jpg"/>& egregie tornatili: & ebano omnium gracillima utebantur. <lb/></s> <s id="N402001">Neque &longs;ignis & tabulis efficiundis a&longs;pernabantur populum albam <lb/>& item nigram: & &longs;alicem & carpinum et &longs;orbum / &longs;ambucum et <lb/>ficum: Quæ arbores cum &longs;iccitate et æquabilitate ad excipienda <lb/>&longs;eruandaque pictorum glutiniamenta et illiniamenta utiles &longs;unt: <lb/>Tum ad formas exprimendas ductibile&longs; quidem atque admodum <lb/>faciles: Verum inter ha&longs;ce omnium molli&longs;&longs;imam æxtare tili<lb/>am in promptu e&longs;t: Sunt qui ad &longs;igna conficienda iuiubam com<lb/>probant: His contraria e&longs;t robur: quando quidem inter &longs;e et cum <lb/>aliis omnibus eiu&longs;modi materiis in&longs;ociabilis omnino: et omnis <lb/>glutini&longs; a&longs;pernatrix &longs;it. </s> <s id="N402016">Idem uitium e&longs;&longs;e omnibus lactumo&longs;is et <lb/>cri&longs;pis aiunt / ut omne genus glutinamenti abdicent. </s> <s id="N40201B">Ra&longs;ile <expan abbr="itid&etilde;">itidem</expan> <lb/>atque den&longs;um quodque lignum ægre coheret glutino: Quæ item di<lb/>uer&longs;a &longs;unt natura uti e&longs;t Hedera / Laurus / Tiliaque / quod calidæ <lb/>&longs;int / cum his quæ humectis locis na&longs;cuntur: quod eiu&longs;modi om<lb/>nes frigidæ natura &longs;int / diu glutino non cohærent. </s> <s id="N40202A">Vlmus / <lb/>Fraxinus / Morus / Cera&longs;u&longs;que / quod &longs;iccæ &longs;int cum platano et al<lb/>no / quæ madidæ natura &longs;unt / non conueniunt. </s> <s id="N402031">Quin & tan<lb/>tum affuit apud maiores / ut natura inter &longs;e non congruentia: <lb/>& contraria glutino connecterent: Vt etiam &longs;imul non iugata: <lb/>Sed hærentia uetuerint coagmentari. </s> <s id="N40203A">Hinc illud Vitruuii quod <lb/>e&longs;culeos quidem axes admonet querquinis non iungendos. </s> <s id="N40203F">Ve<lb/>rum ut de his omnibus &longs;ummatim referam: Apud omnes aucto <lb/>res con&longs;tat <expan abbr="infæcũdas">infæcundas</expan> arbores firmiores e&longs;&longs;e fertilibus: Silue&longs;tres <lb/>& manu ferroque non cultas duriores e&longs;&longs;e dome&longs;ticis: Nam &longs;ilue<lb/>&longs;tres quidem in morbos incidere / quibus interimant negat Theo<lb/>phra&longs;tus: Dome&longs;ticas uero: & maxime quæ fructus ferant graui&longs; <lb/>&longs;imis e&longs;&longs;e obnoxias morbis <expan abbr="prædicãt">prædicant</expan>: Et inter feraces præcoques <lb/>&longs;erotinis / & dulces acutis e&longs;&longs;e imbecilliores &longs;tatuunt: Et inter a<lb/>cutas atque a&longs;peras &longs;olidiores putant eas / quæ fructus acerbiores ra<lb/>riore&longs;que edant: Quæ alternis annis promunt: & quæ penitus &longs;te<lb/>riles &longs;int / feracibus nodo&longs;iores &longs;unt: Et i&longs;tarum quo quæque breui<lb/>or / eo difficilior. </s> <s id="N402060">Et &longs;teriles magis cre&longs;cunt quam fertiles.</s> </p> <p id="N402063" type="main"> <s id="N402065">Addunt & eas quæ in propatulo & nulli&longs; neque montibu&longs; tectæ <pb xlink:href="004/01/053.jpg"/>neque &longs;ylui&longs;: &longs;ed crebri&longs; uenti&longs; & tempe&longs;tatibu&longs; agitate creuerint / <lb/>firmiores illas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cra&longs;&longs;iore&longs;que e&longs;&longs;e: &longs;ed breuiores <expan abbr="nodo&longs;iore&longs;que&qtilde;">nodo&longs;iore&longs;que <lb/>quam</expan> quæ in conualle & loco a uenus tuto excreuerint. </s> <s id="N402078">Tum & arbo<lb/>res ortæ in locis humidis atque <expan abbr="o&ptilde;a">opera</expan>cis molliores putant: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ in <lb/>apricis atque &longs;iccis coaluerint. </s> <s id="N40207F">Et quæ ad boream na&longs;cantur aptio<lb/>res e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ a borea ad hau&longs;trum declinent. </s> <s id="N40208B">Et quæ locis a &longs;ua <lb/>natura &longs;int alienis natæ non &longs;ecus atque abortiuas re&longs;puunt. </s> <s id="N402090">Et me<lb/>ridianas quidem præ duras fore: &longs;ed medullis contorqueri & mi <lb/>nus coequabiles præ&longs;tare &longs;e ad opus exequendum: Praeterea ari<lb/>das natura atque adcre&longs;cendum tardas robu&longs;tiores e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ laxe <lb/>& fecundæ &longs;int. </s> <s id="N40209F">Nam quod in his femineam / in his uero alteris <lb/>ma&longs;culinam e&longs;&longs;e naturam putabat Varro: & candida quæque li<lb/>gna minus e&longs;&longs;e den&longs;a & magis <expan abbr="tractabilia/&qtilde;">tractabilia / quae</expan> quibus color quiuis <lb/>infusus &longs;it. </s> <s id="N4020AC">Et pondero&longs;a quidem omnis materia &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior duriorque <lb/>leui e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4020B1">Et quo quæque leuior / eo e&longs;t fragilior: & quo cri&longs;pior / eo <lb/>a&longs;tructior. </s> <s id="N4020B6">Tum quibus natura dederit / ut diutius in uita uige<lb/>ant / dedi&longs;&longs;e etiam ut ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;æ tardius corrumpantur. </s> <s id="N4020BB">Omni <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>in ligno / quo minus medullæ ine&longs;t / eo natura illi acrior et robu<lb/>&longs;tior e&longs;t: quæ partes ad medullam proximiores &longs;unt / duriores <lb/>hæ quidem cæteris / ac den&longs;iores &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N4020C8">quæ cortici propinquiore&longs; <lb/>&longs;unt neruo tenaciore &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N4020CD">Et enim in arboribus ueluti in <lb/>animante pro cute e&longs;&longs;e &longs;tatuunt extremum corticem: pro carne <lb/>id quod ad cutem &longs;ube&longs;t: pro o&longs;&longs;e id quod ad medullam circum <lb/>obuoluitur: & nodos in plantis per &longs;imiles e&longs;&longs;e neruis putabat <lb/>Ari&longs;toteles. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N4020D9">Ligni partem omnium pe&longs;&longs;imam alburnum depu<lb/>tant / cum alias ob res / tum quod teredinibus infen&longs;a &longs;it. </s> <s id="N4020DE">Adde his <lb/>quod partes materiæ / quæ dum &longs;taret arbor ad &longs;olem meridiem ur<lb/>gebatur / aridiores erunt cæteris et gracidiores <expan abbr="tenuiore&longs;que / tam&etilde;">tenuiore&longs;que / tamen</expan> <lb/>den&longs;iores: habebuntque medullam i&longs;ta exparte cortici uiciniorem. <lb/></s> <s id="N4020EC">Et quæ item partes telluri et radicibus fuere finitimæ / &longs;tabunt il<lb/>le quidem cæteris grauiores huius &longs;ignum quod aquis ægre adna<lb/>tabunt: et arboris cuiu&longs;que pars media cri&longs;pior: & maculæ uti<lb/>cunque &longs;int / quo radicibus adiunctiore&longs; eo amfractiore&longs; intima&longs; ta<lb/>men qua&longs;que parte&longs; &longs;upernatibu&longs; con&longs;tantiore&longs; et <expan abbr="c&etilde;modiore&longs;">commodiore&longs;</expan> ducunt.</s> </p> <pb xlink:href="004/01/054.jpg"/> <p id="N4020FE" type="main"> <s id="N402100">Verum in arborum generibus comperio aliquas de quibus opti<lb/>mi &longs;criptores longe miranda referant: Nam uitem quidem &longs;eculo<lb/>rum eternitatem &longs;uperare affirmant. </s> <s id="N402107">Iouis &longs;imulacrum factum ex <lb/>uite in urbe Populonia ad Ce&longs;aris tempora con&longs;piciebatur &longs;eculis <lb/>permultis incorruptum. </s> <s id="N40210E">Neque ulli e&longs;&longs;e ligno naturam penitus æ<lb/>terniorem omnes prædicant. </s> <s id="N402113">In Arriana indorum regione haberi <lb/>uites tam cra&longs;&longs;as ait Strabo / ut eius truncum homines uix ample<lb/>xentur bini. </s> <s id="N40211A">Apud Vticam tectum ex cedro &longs;teti&longs;&longs;e annos mille <lb/>ducentos otto & &longs;eptuaginta tradidere. </s> <s id="N40211F">In Hi&longs;pania templo Dia<lb/>næ trabes ex iunipero ab anno ducente&longs;imo ante excidium Troiæ <lb/>u&longs;que ad Hanibalem dura&longs;&longs;e te&longs;tantur. </s> <s id="N402126">Atqui cedro quidem mira <lb/>e&longs;t natura: &longs;i uti ferunt una hæc arbos clauum non tenet. </s> <s id="N40212B">In monti<lb/>bus qui ad Benacum &longs;unt abieti genus riget: quo &longs;i feceris uas / ni <lb/>prius oleo perunxeris non continebit uinum. </s> <s id="N402132">Hactenus de arbori<lb/>bus. </s> <s id="N402137">Parandus e&longs;t etiam lapis qui pro muris habendus &longs;it: is e<lb/>rit duplex: alius qui cementis coaptandis deuinciendi&longs;que: Alius <lb/>qui &longs;tructuræ conueniat. </s> <s id="N40213E">De eo qui ad &longs;tructuram prius: Sed mul<lb/>ta cum breuitatis cau&longs;a / tum quod nimium trita &longs;unt prætermittam <lb/>Neque i&longs;thic in&longs;i&longs;tam ut phy&longs;ica illa de lapidum primordiis atque <lb/>origine di&longs;putem: ex aquæ ne ac terræ commixtionibus ui&longs;co&longs;a il<lb/>la principia in limum prius: &longs;ubinde in lapidem duruerint: frigo<lb/>ris ne an quod de gemmis a&longs;&longs;erunt / caloris ui &longs;oli&longs;que radio den&longs;a<lb/>ta concreuerint / an potius ut rerum aliarum / &longs;ic & lapidum <expan abbr="itid&etilde;">itidem</expan> <lb/>&longs;int a rerum natura indita telluri <expan abbr="&longs;emĩa">&longs;emina</expan>: Colores ne lapidibus ex <lb/>rata terrenorum corpu&longs;culorum cum liquenti aqua confu&longs;ione in <lb/>&longs;int: An ex innata &longs;eminis ip&longs;ius ui: An ex concepta radii impre&longs;<lb/>&longs;ione ad&longs;int. </s> <s id="N40215D">Itaque i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia tam & &longs;i forta&longs;&longs;is aliquid fa<lb/>cerent ad rem exornandam: ea tamen prætermittam: remque <expan abbr="ipãm">ipsam</expan> <lb/>ædificatoriam qua&longs;i inter fabros u&longs;u & arte probatos tractans libe<lb/>rius & &longs;olutius <expan abbr="pro&longs;equar/&quml;">pro&longs;equar / quam</expan> exacti&longs;&longs;ime philo&longs;ophantes forta&longs;&longs;is <lb/>po&longs;tulant. </s> <s id="N402170">Cato lapidem inquit æ&longs;tate eximito: &longs;ub diuo habeto: <lb/>Ante biennium in opus ne ponito: æ&longs;tate quidem / quo uentis &<lb/>gelicidiis & imbribus / reliquisue temporum iniuriis in&longs;ueti lapi <lb/>des &longs;en&longs;im a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cant: Nam lapidem quidem nuper ex fodina hu<pb xlink:href="004/01/055.jpg"/>more natiuo & &longs;ucco pregnantem / &longs;i uentorum acerbitati & &longs;ubi<lb/>tis gelicidiis obieceris / findetur atque &longs;oluetur. </s> <s id="N40217F">Sub diuo quo quo&longs;que <lb/>lapis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quod</expan> &longs;it ualidus: & contra res aduer&longs;as & lace&longs;centes con&longs;tans <lb/>Primo i&longs;tiu&longs;modi qua&longs;i præludio futuri cum temporis æternita<lb/>te certaminis comprobetur. </s> <s id="N40218C">Non ante biennium quo imbecilles <lb/>natura & qui uitium in opere facturi erant non te lateat & a fir<lb/>mioribus &longs;eparentur: Et enim quocunque in genere lapides inueni <lb/>ri certum e&longs;t inter &longs;e uarios: ita ut alii &longs;ub aere dure&longs;cant: alii pru<lb/>inis a&longs;per&longs;i rubiginem trahant atque di&longs;&longs;oluantur & huiu&longs;modi.</s> </p> <p id="N402197" type="main"> <s id="N402199">Verum hi quales pro locorum uarietate & natura &longs;int / u&longs;u et ex<lb/>perientia pulcherrime innote&longs;cunt: Vt iam <expan abbr="exueterũ">ex ueterum</expan> ædificiis cu<lb/>iu&longs;que lapidis uim et uirtutem didici&longs;&longs;e plenius po&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ex philo&longs;o<lb/>phantium &longs;criptis et monumentis. </s> <s id="N4021AA">Tamen de toto lapidum gene <lb/>re ut &longs;ummatim loquar / &longs;ic licebit &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N4021AF">albus qui&longs;que lapis <lb/>facilior fu&longs;co <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>: Tralucidus opaco ductibilior: Et quo qui&longs;que ma<lb/>gis imitabitur &longs;alem / eo erit intractabilior. </s> <s id="N4021BA">Harena in&longs;per&longs;us la<lb/>pis collu&longs;tranti a&longs;per e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4021BF">Aureæ &longs;i intermicabunt &longs;cint ille / contu<lb/>max. </s> <s id="N4021C4">Nigrantes &longs;i ut ita loquar &longs;catent puncti / indomitus. </s> <s id="N4021C7">Qui <lb/>guttis e&longs;t angularibus a&longs;per&longs;us / is erit firmior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> qui glubo&longs;is: &<lb/>guttæ quo erunt minores / eo erit lapis tollerantior: Et quo cuique <lb/>color purgatior atque limpidior / eo æternior: Et lapidi quo uenarum <lb/>aderit minus / eo integrior: Et quo uena ip&longs;a contiguo lapidi colo<lb/>re congruentior / eo æquabilior: et quo tenuior / eo moro&longs;ior: & <lb/>quo amfractior et uolutior / eo au&longs;terior: et quo internodo&longs;ior / eo <lb/>acerbior. </s> <s id="N4021DC">Venarum ea e&longs;t apprime fixilis quæ &longs;ui medio lineam <lb/>habuerit ductam rubrica / aut ocrea putrenti proxima ad has erit <lb/>quæ diluto et albe&longs;cente herbaceo colore &longs;par&longs;im fu&longs;cabitur: Om<lb/>nium difficillima quæ glaciem præ&longs;ertim <expan abbr="ceruleã">ceruleam</expan> <expan abbr="imite&ttilde;">imitetur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4021ED">Vena <lb/>rum numerum di&longs;&longs;idio&longs;um et incon&longs;tantem <expan abbr="indicãt">indicant</expan>: et quo directio <lb/>res / eo infideliores. </s> <s id="N4021F8">Lapis quo di&longs;fractis glebulis aciem <expan abbr="acutior&etilde;">acutiorem</expan> <lb/>et ter&longs;iorem dederit / eo erit concretior: Et lapis cum defringitur <lb/>cute qui minus extabit a&longs;pera / is erit abilior &longs;cabro: Sed &longs;cabri ip<lb/>&longs;i quo erunt candidiores / eo minus erunt ob&longs;equentes. </s> <s id="N402205">Et contra <lb/>fu&longs;cus qui&longs;que lapis ubi erit luna minutiore / illic magis ferri <expan abbr="aci&etilde;">aciem</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/056.jpg"/>a&longs;pernabitur / ignobilis qui&longs;que lapis quo fi&longs;tulo&longs;ior eo durior: Et <lb/>qui aqua a&longs;per&longs;us &longs;ummotenus tardius are&longs;cet / is erit crudior: Et <lb/>grauis qui&longs;que lapis &longs;olidior & expobilior leui: et leuis qui&longs;que fria<lb/>bilior graui: et re&longs;onans dum ferias lapis den&longs;ior e&longs;t &longs;urdo: et qui <lb/>duriter perfricatus olebit &longs;ulphur / acrior e&longs;t <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> qui nihil referat o<lb/>lidi: et quo denique ad &longs;calprum contumacior / eo contra lace&longs;&longs;en<lb/>tes tempe&longs;tates rigidior et con&longs;tantior. </s> <s id="N402222">Ad fauces fodinæ qui tem<lb/>pe&longs;tatibus per&longs;tructus glebis &longs;e &longs;e grandioribus a&longs;&longs;eruarit / hunc <lb/>firmiorem ducunt. </s> <s id="N402229">Omnis item lapis ferme cum defoditur mol<lb/>lior e&longs;t <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cum &longs;ub diuo e&longs;t habitus: et humore a&longs;per&longs;us: atque infu<lb/>&longs;us lapis tractabilior ferro <expan abbr="e&longs;t /&quml;">e&longs;t / quam</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> exaruerit: Et &longs;uo qui&longs;que lapis <lb/>quo humectiore fodinæ loco exemptus &longs;it / eo cum aruerit erit <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;ior">den<lb/>&longs;ior</expan> : et hau&longs;tro flante credunt dolabiriores e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> flante borea: et <lb/>borea urgente facilius findi <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> hau&longs;tro. </s> <s id="N40224E">Verum lapides ip&longs;i qua<lb/>les futuri per ætatem &longs;int / &longs;iquid libeat ocius periculum facere / in<lb/>ditia patebunt hinc. </s> <s id="N402255">Nam qui aqua commadefactus per <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>ponderi adiecerit / erit is quidem humido di&longs;&longs;olubilis. </s> <s id="N40225E">Qui uero <lb/>igne et flammis pertactus frace&longs;cet: &longs;ub &longs;ole æ&longs;tuque non perdurabit: <lb/>Neque hic prætermittenda cen&longs;eo digna memoratu quædam: quæ <lb/>de non nullis lapidibus ueteres meminere. </s> <s id="N402267">Nam erit quidem non <lb/>ab re intellexi&longs;&longs;e quantum habeant in &longs;e et uarietatis et admirati<lb/>onis / quo quæque aptis u&longs;ibus decentius accomodentur. </s> <s id="N40226E">Circa uol<lb/>&longs;inen&longs;em et in &longs;tratonen&longs;i agro e&longs;&longs;e lapidem prædicant omnibus <lb/>ædificiorum u&longs;ibus accommodati&longs;&longs;imum: cui neque ignis: neque ul<lb/>la tempe&longs;tatum uis noceat: Eundemque e&longs;&longs;e contra tempe&longs;tatem pe<lb/>nitus æternum atque incorruptibilem: et &longs;imulacrorum <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;ta">lineamenta</expan> <lb/>qui diuti&longs;&longs;ime a&longs;&longs;eruet. </s> <s id="N40227F">Cum ex <expan abbr="inc&etilde;diis">incendiis</expan> urbem re&longs;titueret Nero <lb/>&longs;cribit tacitus &longs;axo gabino et albano u&longs;um pro trabibus / quod is la<lb/>pis ignibus imperuius &longs;it: Apud Liguriam et apud Venetias / in <lb/>umbria piceno apudque Belgas &longs;uppeditat albus lapis: quem &longs;erra <lb/>re dentata &longs;erra et dolare po&longs;&longs;is perfacile: Et ni alioquin natura e&longs; <lb/>&longs;et inualidus et imbecillis / omnium egre&longs;&longs;us foret in operibus: <lb/>Sed pruina et gelu et a&longs;perugine rumpitur: et contra auras maris <lb/>minime e&longs;t robu&longs;tus. </s> <s id="N402296">Habet hi&longs;tria lapidem marmori non di&longs;&longs;i<pb xlink:href="004/01/057.jpg"/>milem: Sed his uapore et flammis pertactus illico finditur et di&longs;<lb/>&longs;ilit: quam ip&longs;am rem euenire <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;cuerãt">a&longs;&longs;euerant</expan> cuique lapidi qui fortis &longs;it: <lb/>pre&longs;ertim albo &longs;ilici et item nigro ut igni&longs; <expan abbr="ne quic&quml;">nequicquam</expan> perferat. </s> <s id="N4022A9">In <lb/>Campania lapis e&longs;t fu&longs;co cineri &longs;imillimus: cui etiam mixtos pu<lb/>tes et interiectos e&longs;&longs;e carbones: is quidem &longs;upra <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> po&longs;&longs;is exi&longs;tima <lb/>re pondere leuis e&longs;t & ferro dolabilis et pror&longs;us tenax / et item con<lb/>&longs;tans: et contra ignes et contra tempe&longs;tates <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> inualidus: &longs;ed adeo <lb/>arens & &longs;itiens / ut calcis humores confe&longs;tim ab&longs;orbeat et uret: <lb/>Exhau&longs;taque et uanida pulueris in&longs;tar relinquet illimenta: Hinc <lb/>breui di&longs;&longs;olutis compaginibus labe&longs;cit opus ultro atque corruit. <lb/></s> <s id="N4022C7">At lapidi huic natura <expan abbr="cõtrarius">contrarius</expan> e&longs;t globo&longs;us lapis / præ&longs;ertim qui <lb/>&longs;it fluuiatilis: nam &longs;emper madens cementis non coheret. </s> <s id="N4022D0">Quid il<lb/>lud quod in marmorariis lapidicinis compertum <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> marmora <lb/>excre&longs;cere. </s> <s id="N4022DB">Romæ per hæc tempora inuenta &longs;ub tellure &longs;unt fi&longs;tu<lb/>lo&longs;i lapidis tyburtini minutalia unum in &longs;olidum lapidem tempo<lb/>ris terræque ut ita loquar fomento concreui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N4022E2">Ex lacu Reatino ui<lb/>debis quo loci per abruptum illud praecipitium aqua redundans <lb/>in Nar fluentem corruit ripæ &longs;upremum labrum in dies <expan abbr="cõcreui&longs;&longs;e">concreui&longs;<lb/>&longs;e :</expan> ut argumentum hinc non nulli &longs;ump&longs;erint ex i&longs;tiu&longs;modi addi<lb/>mento lapidi&longs;que incremento conualle ip&longs;a faucibus ab&longs;tru&longs;a effec<lb/>tam lacum. </s> <s id="N4022F3">Sub agro Lucano non longe a Silari fluuio qua par<lb/>te ad orientem uer&longs;us ex altis rupibus aquæ &longs;tillante&longs; defluunt <expan abbr="cõcre&longs;cere">con<lb/>cre&longs;cere</expan> in die&longs; uidebi&longs; grandia pendentium lapidum glaceonia / <lb/>ad magnitudinem ut &longs;int eorum quodque onu&longs; carrorum per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> plu<lb/>rimorum. </s> <s id="N402306">I&longs; lapi&longs; recen&longs; & materno &longs;ucco maden&longs; admodum te<lb/>ner e&longs;t: Vbi uero aruerit / fit duri&longs;&longs;imu&longs;: et ad omne&longs; u&longs;u&longs; accom<lb/>modati&longs;&longs;imu&longs;. </s> <s id="N40230D">Id ip&longs;um euenire ex non nulli&longs; ueteribu&longs; aquæduc<lb/>tibu&longs; &longs;pectaui: ut formarum latera concreta quadam gummatione <lb/>lapidi&longs; concru&longs;tetur. </s> <s id="N402314">In Gallia duo &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e hac ætate licebit di<lb/>gna memoratu: <expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> extat quidem agro Corneliano per alta tor<lb/>renti&longs; ripa: ex qua grande&longs; & plurimi globo&longs;i lapide&longs; terræ ui&longs;ce<lb/>ribu&longs; intimi&longs; concepti pa&longs;&longs;im in die&longs; crebri&longs; loci&longs; parturiuntur. <lb/></s> <s id="N402322">In agro Fauentino propter lamoni&longs; fluenti ripam ad&longs;unt natura pro<lb/>ten&longs;i ua&longs;ti lapide&longs;: qui non modicam in die&longs; uim &longs;ali&longs; uomant: <pb xlink:href="004/01/058.jpg"/>&longs;patioque lapide&longs;cere arbitrentur. </s> <s id="N40232B">In agro florentino ætrurie apud <lb/>Clatim amnem fundus e&longs;t in quo alternis &longs;epteniis prædura quibus <lb/>abunde con&longs;per&longs;us &longs;it / &longs;axa in glebas redeunt. </s> <s id="N402332">Apud ci&longs;icenos & <lb/>item circa Ca&longs;&longs;andream uerti glebo&longs;am terram in &longs;axa refert Pli<lb/>nius. </s> <s id="N402339">In puteolano puluis &longs;uppeditat qui aqua maris dure&longs;cit et fit <lb/>lapis. </s> <s id="N40233E">Toto etiam littore ab oropo u&longs;que Aulidem quicquid mari <lb/>abluatur lapidem fieri & concretum reddi referunt. </s> <s id="N402343">In Arabia eti<lb/>am glebas ait Diodorus effo&longs;&longs;a terra &longs;uaue olentes: quæ quidem <lb/>ueluti metalla fu&longs;e igni in lapidem uertantur: Addit et ho&longs;ce de<lb/>mum lapides eiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e / ut cum in eos guttæ aquæ pluuiæ ce<lb/>ciderint / iuncturis collique&longs;centibus toto fiant in muro lapis uni<lb/>tus. </s> <s id="N402350">Sarcophagum quoque lapidem apud Troadem a&longs;iæ defodi fe<lb/>runt / qui fixili uena coniungatur: In hunc lapidem defunctorum <lb/>commi&longs;&longs;a corpora ante diem quadrage&longs;imum tota præter dentes <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ummi a&longs;&longs;erunt: et quod magis mireris / ue&longs;tem calciamentaque <lb/>et eiu&longs;modi una cum corporibus illata uerti in lapidem <expan abbr="prædicãt">prædicant</expan> <lb/>Contrarius huic e&longs;t comites lapis / quo Darium <expan abbr="cõdidi&longs;&longs;e">condidi&longs;&longs;e</expan> <expan abbr="referũt">referunt</expan> <lb/>Is enim corpora præ&longs;eruat integerrima. </s> <s id="N40236B">Sed de his hactenus.</s> </p> <p id="N40236E" type="main"> <s id="N402370">Atqui <expan abbr="con&longs;tãt">con&longs;tant</expan> quidem lapidis loco ueteres perlubenter u&longs;os lateri<lb/>bus: credo equidem inopia rerum et nece&longs;&longs;itate ductos homines <lb/>primum u&longs;urpa&longs;&longs;e / ut lateritia ponerent ædificia: quod <expan abbr="po&longs;tea&qtilde;">po&longs;teaquam</expan> a<lb/>nimaduer&longs;um e&longs;t <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> id &longs;tructuræ genus opera facile / ad u&longs;um com<lb/>modum / ad gratiam aptum / ad perennitatem firmum con&longs;tan&longs;que <lb/>exi&longs;teret: pro&longs;ecuti &longs;unt cum cætera tum et regias ædes &longs;truere la<lb/>teritias. </s> <s id="N40238B">Demum <expan abbr="po&longs;tea&qtilde;">po&longs;teaquam</expan> &longs;eu ca&longs;u / &longs;eu indu&longs;tria percepere quid i<lb/>gnis ad firmandos den&longs;ando&longs;que lateres ualeret / te&longs;taceo pa&longs;&longs;im o<lb/>pere omnia attollere per&longs;euerarunt: Et <expan abbr="&qtilde;tũ">quantum</expan> ex uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;truc<lb/>turis annotaui: hoc profecto au&longs;im dicere / nihil ad omnis quos ue <lb/>lis ædificationum u&longs;us inueniri commodius latere non crudo / ue<lb/>rum cocto: ubi coquendi & ducendi ratio diligens adhibeatur. <lb/></s> <s id="N4023A1">Sed de lateritii operis laude alias. </s> <s id="N4023A4">Ad rem fit quod <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> lateri du<lb/>cendo terram probari eam / quæ &longs;it albicans et creto&longs;a: Item proba<lb/>ri quoque rubico&longs;am et eam quæ ma&longs;culus <expan abbr="dici&ttilde;">dicitur</expan> &longs;abulo. </s> <s id="N4023B3"><expan abbr="Hareno&longs;ã">Hareno&longs;am</expan> <lb/>uero et penitus &longs;abulo&longs;am uitandam et in primis calculo&longs;am <expan abbr="oĩo">omnino</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/059.jpg"/>abigendam &longs;tatuunt: quod huiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="intercoqu&etilde;dum">intercoquendum</expan> di&longs;torque<lb/>antur et perfindantur / tum excocte &longs;ponte &longs;ua <expan abbr="atterrãtur">atterrantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4023CD">Lateres <lb/>non &longs;tatim effo&longs;&longs;a terra ducendos putant: &longs;ed fodi terram autum<lb/>no iubent / commacerari totam per hyemem & uere primo duci. <lb/></s> <s id="N4023D8">Nam &longs;i ducas bruma / in promptu e&longs;t rumo&longs;as fieri gelatu: &longs;in <expan abbr="aũt">aut</expan> <lb/>&longs;ol&longs;titio / acri æ&longs;tu <expan abbr="find&etilde;tur">findentur</expan> &longs;ummotenus &longs;icci&longs;cendo. </s> <s id="N4023E5">quod &longs;i cogat <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;ita&longs; ut per hybernos algores fingas lateres: operito illico &longs;ic<lb/>ci&longs;&longs;ima harena: Sin per æ&longs;tatem feruentem / humectis paleis: nam <lb/>&longs;ic habiti non finduntur neque contorquentur. </s> <s id="N4023EE">Sunt qui lateres ui<lb/>tro habere illitos uelint. </s> <s id="N4023F3">Id &longs;i iuuabit / cura&longs;&longs;e oportet ne <expan abbr="ducãur">ducantur</expan> <lb/>ex &longs;abulo&longs;a aut nimium macra arentique terra / nam uitrum ab&longs;or<lb/>berent. </s> <s id="N4023FF">Verum ducendi &longs;unt ex albicanti et creto&longs;a et lenta: <expan abbr="hab&etilde;">haben</expan><lb/>dique &longs;unt tenues / nam cra&longs;&longs;iores qui forte &longs;int ægre percoquuntur <lb/>et fixura immunes non euadunt. </s> <s id="N40240A">quod &longs;i cra&longs;&longs;iores facere oportebit <lb/>incommodo prouidebitur multa ex parte ubi medias per cra&longs;&longs;itu<lb/>dines uno & item alteris locis &longs;tilo perforabuntur / quo et &longs;iccari <lb/>et excoqui commodiu&longs; <expan abbr="ualeãt">ualeant</expan> &longs;udore uaporeque per i&longs;tas ip&longs;as qua <lb/>&longs;i æ&longs;tuationes a&longs;pirante. </s> <s id="N402419">Figuli fictilibus &longs;uperilliniunt cretam al<lb/>bariam / qua fiat ut uitrum patinis equabilis&longs;ime allique&longs;cat incu<lb/>tim: Id etiam operi lateritio conferet. </s> <s id="N402424">Aduerti ex ueterum ædifi<lb/>ciis in lateribus mixtam e&longs;&longs;e partem non nullam harenæ <expan abbr="præ&longs;ertĩ">præ&longs;ertim</expan> <lb/>rubræ: et rubricam et marmor immi&longs;cere a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e inuenio. </s> <s id="N40242F">Exper<lb/>ti &longs;umus eadem una ex terra reddi latere&longs; multo firmiores / &longs;i uelu<lb/>ti panes facturi ma&longs;&longs;am prius qua&longs;i fermentarimus: demum iterum <lb/>atque iterum &longs;ubactam reddiderimus / ut &longs;ic <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> cerea / et om<lb/>nibus etiam minutis calculis per purgati&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N40243E">Dure&longs;cunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>coctura adeo ut multa flamma in &longs;iliceam duritiem uertantur. </s> <s id="N402447">Et <lb/>lateres &longs;eu fiat igne id dum coquuntur / &longs;eu forte fiat aere dum &longs;ic<lb/>ce&longs;cunt / quæ eadem res euenit panibus / cru&longs;tam adducunt <expan abbr="&longs;olidã">&longs;olidam</expan> <lb/>Iuuabit igitur tenues facere / quo plus ad&longs;it cru&longs;te / minus medul<lb/>læ. </s> <s id="N402458">Et in his experiri licet &longs;i ter&longs;i et perpoliti <expan abbr="a&longs;truantur / durabũt">a&longs;truantur / durabunt</expan> <lb/>ille &longs;i contra tempe&longs;tates quod cui uis lapidum æque eueniet / ut <lb/>ter&longs;i &longs;cabritie non exedantur: Atqui te&longs;tas quidem tergendas pu<lb/>tant aut nuper exemptas ex fornace ante <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> commaduerint / aut &longs;i <pb xlink:href="004/01/060.jpg"/>madent <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequam</expan> &longs;icce&longs;cant. </s> <s id="N402471">Nam &longs;emel madida atque rur&longs;us ex&longs;icca<lb/>ta dure&longs;cit te&longs;ta adeo ut ferri aciem delimet atque con&longs;umat. </s> <s id="N402476">Sed <lb/>nos commodius proxime ductam & adhuc urentem radimus. </s> <s id="N40247B">At <lb/>qui laterum tria apud ueteres fuerunt genera: Vnum longum &longs;ex <lb/>qui pede latum pedem: Alterum palmos quinque quoque uer&longs;us: ter<lb/>tium palmos non plus quatuor. </s> <s id="N402484">Videmus in ædificiis te&longs;tas præ<lb/>&longs;ertim ad arcus et nexuras pedes qua&longs;que uer&longs;us latas binos. </s> <s id="N40248B">His <lb/>non æquæ u&longs;os ueteres publicis atque priuatis operibus <expan abbr="recitãt">recitant</expan>: &longs;ed <lb/>maioribus publica / minoribus priuata &longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e ædificia. </s> <s id="N402496">De his <lb/>quoque annotaui cum alibi in ueterum monumentis: tum uia appia <lb/>alia atque alia extare maiorum & minorum laterum genera: quibus <lb/>uarie uterentur: ut non modo quicquid ad utilitatem / uerum <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>quicquid ad gratiam aptum et condecens uenerit in mentem: id <lb/>&longs;edulo uolui&longs;&longs;e perficere arbitror: Vt cætera omittam lateres ui <lb/>di longos digitos non plus &longs;ex / cra&longs;&longs;os unum / latos tris: Sed his <lb/>poti&longs;&longs;imum pauimenta &longs;picatim in&longs;ternebant. </s> <s id="N4024AB">Præcæteris mihi <lb/>probantur trianguli / quos faciebant hunc in modum: Laterem e<lb/>nim quaque uer&longs;us pedali amplitudinem ducebant cra&longs;&longs;um <expan abbr="digitũ">digitum</expan> <lb/>et &longs;emis hunc dum uirebat duabus lineis diametralibus ab <expan abbr="ãgulo">angulo</expan> <lb/>ad oppo&longs;itum angulum &longs;ignabant linea profunda / quæ u&longs;que dimi<lb/>diam lateris cra&longs;&longs;itudinem &longs;cinderet. </s> <s id="N4024C0">Hinc igitur quatuor habe<lb/>bantur trianguli æquales: Lateres has præ&longs;tabant commoditates: <lb/>Nam minus capiebant cretæ / coaptabantur in fornace / eximeban<lb/>tur / deferebantur in opus habilius: puta qui una manu quatuor ha<lb/>berentur: Hos faber leui ictu inter ab&longs;truendum alterum ab alte<lb/>ro diuidebat: Hi&longs;que per frontes parietum ordines inducebat late <lb/>re pedali extrin&longs;ecus ut pateret: Angulo uero intror&longs;us obiecto / <lb/>Ex quo impen&longs;a quidem minor / opus gratius / &longs;tructura firmior <lb/>reddebatur: Nam cum toto pariete nulli non integri ade&longs;&longs;e late <lb/>res apparerent: tum anguli densatim infarturis parietum illigati <lb/>opus firmi&longs;&longs;imum reddebant. </s> <s id="N4024D7">Ductos lateres ne illico in <expan abbr="fornac&etilde;">fornacem</expan> <lb/>imponas iubent / ni per&longs;icci &longs;int: et non ante biennium &longs;iccos red<lb/>di: & in umbra commodius &longs;iccari <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in &longs;ole a&longs;&longs;erunt: Sed de his <lb/>quoque hactenus / ni forte addas / quod annotauere terram ad huius <pb xlink:href="004/01/061.jpg"/>modi opera quæ pla&longs;tica <expan abbr="nũcupantur">nuncupantur</expan> probari inter egregias &longs;ami<lb/>am arretinam et mutinen&longs;em. </s> <s id="N4024F2">In Hi&longs;pania pergameam: In A&longs;ia <lb/>unum hic breuitatis gratia non prætermittam / quæque de lateribus <lb/>u&longs;que dicta &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N4024F9">Eadem in tegulis tectorum atque imbricibus: atque <lb/>tubulis: atque omni denique pla&longs;tico fictilique opere fore ob&longs;eruanda. <lb/></s> <s id="N4024FF">Diximus de lapide: Sequitur ut de calce dicendum &longs;it.</s> </p> <p id="N402502" type="main"> <s id="N402504">Calcem ex uario lapide Cato cen&longs;orius improbat: Et calcem quæ <lb/>fiat ex &longs;ilice ad omne opus damnat. </s> <s id="N402509">Tum et ad calcem efficien<lb/>dam uehementer e&longs;t in utilis lapis qui&longs;quis exhau&longs;tus / arridus / <lb/>putrens / in quo excoquendo ignis non inueniat quid ab&longs;ummat: <lb/>quales &longs;unt tofinei: et qui circa Romam agro fidenate atque albano <lb/>&longs;ubruffi atque pallentes &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N402518">Tertia enim parte &longs;ui ponderis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;u<lb/>us fuerat lapis leuior &longs;it calx oportet ea / quam periti probent.</s> </p> <p id="N40251D" type="main"> <s id="N40251F">Quin et lapis nimium &longs;icco&longs;us et natura et natura madens / quod <lb/>&longs;ub igne uitre&longs;cat / haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaque</expan> e&longs;t ad calcem efficiendam utilis. <lb/></s> <s id="N402529">Viridis inquit Plinius / lapis igni uehementer re&longs;i&longs;tit. </s> <s id="N40252C">At nos de <lb/>porphirite lapide compertum habemus / non modo flammis non <lb/>excoqui / uerum et contigua quæque circumhereant &longs;axa <expan abbr="ĩtra">intra</expan> forna<lb/>cem reddere / ut ignibus ne quicquam &longs;atis excoquantur. </s> <s id="N402539">Atqui & <lb/>terrico&longs;am quoque lapidem / quod calcem impuram reddat / re&longs;pu<lb/>unt. </s> <s id="N402540">Sed calcem in primis laudant uetere&longs; architecti: quæ de lapi <lb/>de fiat præduro et admodum &longs;pi&longs;&longs;o & præ&longs;ertim albo: Hanc. n. <lb/>cum cæteris u&longs;ibus non incommodam: tum maxime te&longs;tudinibus <lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imam ducunt: Secundo loco probant calcem eam: quæ &longs;it <lb/>ex lapide alioquin non leui et putri: &longs;ed fi&longs;tulo&longs;o: Hanc enim ad <lb/>opus tectorum e&longs;&longs;e omnium præcipuam & cæteri&longs; ductibiliorem <lb/>et reddere opera &longs;plendidiora cen&longs;ent. </s> <s id="N402554">Vidimus & in Gallia u&longs;us <lb/>architectos calce non <expan abbr="alia/&quml;">alia / quam</expan> quæ facta &longs;it ex collectitio <expan abbr="torrertiũ">torrertium</expan> <lb/>&longs;axo globo&longs;o / fu&longs;co / præduro & eiu&longs;modi ut po&longs;&longs;is putare <expan abbr="&longs;ilic&etilde;">&longs;ilicem</expan> <lb/>eam tamen in opere tum &longs;axo tum lateribus multa per tempora e<lb/>gregiam præ&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e firmitatem con&longs;tat. </s> <s id="N40256D">Inuenio apud Plinium e<lb/>am quæ fiat ex molari lapide calcem e&longs;&longs;e natura pingulentam: id <lb/>circo ad omnes u&longs;us percommodam. </s> <s id="N402574">Nos experto intelleximus <lb/>eum molarem lapidem qui guttatim &longs;ale a&longs;per&longs;us <expan abbr="&etilde;/cũ">est / cum</expan> rudior <pb xlink:href="004/01/062.jpg"/>ac perinde aridior &longs;it non &longs;uccedere Eum uero alterum &longs;alibus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>mixtum / qui &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior et limacum frangatur tenuiore e&longs;t puluere / <lb/>&longs;uccedere: Sed lapis uticunque &longs;it / ad calcem effo&longs;&longs;us utilior erit <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/>collectitius: et ex umbro&longs;a humentique fodina exemptus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ex aren<lb/>ti: et ex albo ductibilior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ex fu&longs;co. </s> <s id="N402599">In Galliis apud marittimas <lb/>eduorum regiones calcem lapidis inopia exo&longs;tricis conchilii&longs;que ef<lb/>ficiunt: E&longs;t et calcis genus gip&longs;um: fit enim et ip&longs;um lapide excoc<lb/>to: tam & &longs;i Cypro et Thebis fodi gip&longs;um referunt &longs;umma tellu<lb/>re &longs;olibus concrematum. </s> <s id="N4025A4">Sed gip&longs;eus omnis lapis a calcis lapidi<lb/>bus differt / quod tenerrimus &longs;it / friabilis / præter unum / qui in &longs;y<lb/>ria foditur: Nam prædurus quidem e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4025AB">Differunt <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> quod gip<lb/>&longs;eus lapis horis non plus uiginti. </s> <s id="N4025B4">Qui uero lapis ad calcem e&longs;t / <lb/>horis non minus &longs;exaginta coquitur. </s> <s id="N4025B9">Gip&longs;i quatuor aduerti e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>per Italiam &longs;pecies: harum dua tralucidæ / duæ non tralucidæ. <lb/>Tralucidarum una glebis aluminis / &longs;eu potius alaba&longs;tro e&longs;t &longs;imi<lb/>lis: hanc &longs;quameolam <expan abbr="nũcupant / quod">nuncupant / quod</expan> tenui&longs;&longs;imis qua&longs;i &longs;quamis <lb/>coherentibus et paginatim compre&longs;&longs;is con&longs;tet: Altera &longs;quameo&longs;a <lb/>quoque e&longs;t: &longs;ed magis &longs;ali &longs;imilis fu&longs;co <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> alumini. </s> <s id="N4025CF">Non tralucida<lb/>rum autem <expan abbr="&longs;p&etilde;s">&longs;pes</expan> ambæ cretam dens obden&longs;atam imitantur <lb/>Sed e&longs;t altera albicans et &longs;uppallens: altera pallori &longs;uffu&longs;um colo<lb/>rem habet ruffum. </s> <s id="N4025DC">Po&longs;tremæ prioribus den&longs;iores inter po&longs;tremas <lb/>&longs;ubruffa tenacior. </s> <s id="N4025E1">Inter priores quæ purior / ea candidiora & <expan abbr="&longs;pl&etilde;didiora">&longs;plen<lb/>didiora</expan> inde albariis operibus &longs;igilla et coronas præ&longs;tat. </s> <s id="N4025EA">Apud <lb/>Ariminum gip&longs;um inuenies &longs;olidum / ut dicas e&longs;&longs;e id marmor: <lb/>aut alaba&longs;trum: ex eo iu&longs;&longs;i tabulas &longs;erra dentata &longs;errari ad opus <lb/>cru&longs;tationum commodi&longs;&longs;imas. </s> <s id="N4025F5">Omne gip&longs;um ne quid <expan abbr="prætermittã/malleis">prætermit<lb/>tam / malleis</expan> ligneis affligi et conteri / u&longs;que <expan abbr="infarinã">infarinam</expan> <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan>: loco &longs;icci&longs;<lb/>&longs;imo accumulatum &longs;eruari / &longs;tatim produci / aqua celerrime infun<lb/>di confe&longs;tim ad opus adigi oportet: Calx contra: non enim tun<lb/>&longs;am uerum ex gleba infundi: et multo quidem ante commacera<lb/>ri oportet aqua exhuberante prius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in opus præ&longs;ertim tectorum <lb/>immi&longs;ceas quo &longs;iqua forta&longs;&longs;is gleba parum fuerit ignibus excoc<lb/>ta maceratione diutina &longs;oluatur atque lique&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N402617">Nam cum recens <lb/>et non penitus proluta et commacerata &longs;ummitur / quod in ea &longs;it <pb xlink:href="004/01/063.jpg"/>latentes &longs;uberudi aliqui calculi / euenit ut hi quidem in dies putre<lb/>&longs;cant: et &longs;ubinde <expan abbr="emittãt">emittant</expan> pu&longs;tulas / quibus omnis expolitio <expan abbr="uitie&ttilde;">uitietur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N40262D">Adde quod calce non uno &longs;imul ut ita loquar proluuio infundere <lb/>&longs;ed &longs;en&longs;im oportet madefacere alteris atque alteris / atque <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> alteris <lb/><expan abbr="a&longs;&ptilde;&longs;ionibus">a&longs;per&longs;ionibus </expan>/ quoad plane &longs;it ebria reddita. </s> <s id="N402638">De hinc loco humecto <lb/>et &longs;ub umbra pura &longs;ine ulla rerum <expan abbr="aliarũ">aliarum</expan> mixtura / et nihil plus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ũmotenus">&longs;ummotenus</expan> leui operta harena <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruãda">a&longs;&longs;eruanda</expan> e&longs;t / quoad temporis mo<lb/>ra liquidius fermentetur. </s> <s id="N402650">Et compertum quidem habent calcem <lb/>diuturna huiu&longs;modi fermentatione multum ad uirtutem augere. <lb/></s> <s id="N402656">Nos quidem ueteribus ac de&longs;tituti&longs;&longs;imis in &longs;criptis <expan abbr="relictã/">relictam /</expan> po&longs;t <lb/>annos uti ex multis coniecturis per&longs;picue <expan abbr="patebat / quing&etilde;tos">patebat / quingentos</expan> nuper <lb/>inuentam uidimus madidam et liquentem / et ut ita loquar matu<lb/>ram adeo ut mollitie mella o&longs;&longs;iumque medullas longe &longs;uperaret: <lb/>Atque ea quidem ad <expan abbr="qu&etilde;uis">quemuis</expan> u&longs;um non e&longs;t ut putes <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> po&longs;&longs;e <lb/>quippiam inueniri. </s> <s id="N402673">Duplum refert &longs;ic habita harenarum <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ <lb/>recenter extincta mi&longs;ceatur. </s> <s id="N40267C">In his igitur calx atque gip&longs;um no con<lb/>ueniunt / in cæteris <expan abbr="cõueniunt">conueniunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N402685">Illico enim eximas ex fornace: ac <lb/>&longs;ub umbra et &longs;icco in loco habeas / mox infundas oportet: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> &longs;iue <lb/>fornace ip&longs;a / &longs;iue alibi ad auram ad lunam / ad &longs;olem ad&longs;eruetur: <lb/>præ&longs;ertim æ&longs;tate oci&longs;&longs;ime re&longs;oluetur in cinerem / et fiet inutilis. <lb/></s> <s id="N402693">Hactenus de his. </s> <s id="N402696">Fornacibus lapidem ne imponas monent ni con<lb/>fregeris / ita ut &longs;int fru&longs;ta glebis non minora / &longs;ino illud quod fa<lb/>cilius <expan abbr="coquan&ttilde;">coquantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4026A1">Compertum quidem e&longs;t mediis in lapidibus præ<lb/>&longs;ertim globo&longs;is interdum ade&longs;&longs;e uacuas aliquas concauitates: qui<lb/>bus aer inclu&longs;us <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> afferat <expan abbr="detrim&etilde;ti">detrimenti</expan>: Nam &longs;uccen&longs;o forna<lb/>cibus igne fit ut i&longs;tic &longs;eu frigore intror&longs;us ab&longs;cedente aer per&longs;trin<lb/>gatur / &longs;eu in cale&longs;cente <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> lapide idem ip&longs;us aer in uaporem <lb/>exaugeatur / fit <expan abbr="in&qtilde;">inquisitus</expan> ut <expan abbr="cõtume&longs;cat">contume&longs;cat</expan> et quaque uer&longs;us perfracto carcere <lb/>quo cohercebatur <expan abbr="īmani">immani</expan> &longs;onitu acrique impetu <expan abbr="erumpat / totãque">erumpat / totamque</expan> for<lb/>nacis congeriem di&longs;turbet atque peruertat. </s> <s id="N4026CC">Et &longs;unt qui lapidibus <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi uiderunt media intus uigere animantia cum alia et di <lb/>uer&longs;a / tum uermes pilo&longs;o dor&longs;o et multi pedes / qui quidem forna<lb/>cibus &longs;oleant di&longs;pendium afferre. </s> <s id="N4026D5">Neque hic <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ubiungam digna <lb/><expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> memoratu d rebus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi / quæ no&longs;tra ætate ui&longs;a <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: <pb xlink:href="004/01/064.jpg"/>Non enim hæc &longs;cribimus &longs;olum fabris / uerum et &longs;tudio&longs;is etiam <lb/>rerum dignarum: Qua de re iuuat <expan abbr="ĩtermi&longs;cere">intermi&longs;cere</expan> <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> quæ dele<lb/>ctent: et ab re tamen atque in&longs;tituto aliena <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;int. </s> <s id="N4026F9">Martino quinto <lb/><expan abbr="põtifice">pontifice</expan> maximo / allatus extitit anguis reptus latio a fabris apud <lb/>fodinas uitam <expan abbr="duc&etilde;s">ducens</expan> in ua&longs;to quodam <expan abbr="lapide / circũ">lapide / circum</expan> omnibus <expan abbr="a&longs;piram&etilde;tis">a&longs;pi<lb/>ramentis</expan> ob&longs;tru&longs;is: Repertæ et aliquot ranæ / et item cancri / &longs;ed hi <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> mortui. </s> <s id="N402715">Tum et candidi&longs;&longs;imo marmore in medio per hæc <lb/>tempora frondes <expan abbr="arborũ">arborum</expan> repertas te&longs;tor. </s> <s id="N40271E">Vellinus mons / qui Bru<lb/>tios a mar&longs;is <expan abbr="diuidit / omuiũ">diuidit / omnium</expan> præcel&longs;us toto uertice calue&longs;cit lapi<lb/>de albo / et rediuiuo illic qua parte in brutios &longs;pectat / pa&longs;&longs;im uide<lb/>bis di&longs;fractos lapides refertos &longs;igillis <expan abbr="conchiliorũ">conchiliorum</expan> maritimorum: <lb/>non amplioribus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut ea &longs;ub uola manus capias. </s> <s id="N402737">Quid illud ? </s> <s id="N40273A">Ex <lb/>agro Veronen&longs;i in dies colliguntur &longs;axa cælo &longs;trata &longs;igno quinque <lb/>folio certis et comparibus lineis apti&longs;&longs;ime per&longs;cripta atque belli&longs;&longs;ime <lb/>imbricata naturæ arte admirabili et perfinita / ut imitari &longs;ubtilita<lb/>tem operis po&longs;&longs;it pror&longs;us <expan abbr="mortaliũ">mortalium</expan> nemo: Et quod magis mirere <lb/>nullum huiu&longs;modi inuenies lapidem ni&longs;i inuer&longs;um / impre&longs;&longs;umque <lb/>&longs;igni formam obtegentem: quo facile putes naturam non admira<lb/>tioni hominum / &longs;ed &longs;ibi effinxi&longs;&longs;e tantas delitias artificii &longs;ui.</s> </p> <p id="N40274F" type="main"> <s id="N402751">Ad rem redeo. </s> <s id="N402754">Non hic in&longs;i&longs;tam <expan abbr="refer&etilde;s">referens</expan> quo pacto foci <expan abbr="ue&longs;tibulũ">ue&longs;tibulum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="præfurniũque">præfurniumque </expan> te&longs;tudinare / et <expan abbr="interior&etilde;">interiorem</expan> <expan abbr="igniũ">ignium</expan> &longs;edem coaptare opor<lb/>teat / ut extuans flamma re&longs;piret / ut &longs;uis qua&longs;i limitibus coherce<lb/>atur / ut in unum ad opus coquendi confluat tota ignium uis atque <lb/>con&longs;piret. </s> <s id="N402772">Neque pro&longs;equar quo pacto &longs;en&longs;im &longs;uccendere et ignem <lb/>non intermittere u&longs;que dum <expan abbr="flãma">flamma</expan> ad <expan abbr="&longs;upremũ">&longs;upremum</expan> u&longs;que <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> fumo<lb/>&longs;a exeat: et <expan abbr="&longs;ũmi">&longs;ummi</expan> intra fornacem lapides cande&longs;cant / et coctum la<lb/>pidem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;&longs;e ni&longs;i cum <expan abbr="flãmis">flammis</expan> turgefacta quæ <expan abbr="circũhiarat">circunhiaret</expan> fornax <lb/>&longs;e&longs;e receperit atque per&longs;trinxerit. </s> <s id="N402799">Mirum in quo naturam &longs;pectes <lb/>elementi. </s> <s id="N40279E">Nam &longs;i calce cocta ignem &longs;ubdemeris / fiet calcaria &longs;en <lb/>&longs;im minus in imo calens / in &longs;ummo uero magis multo reddetur <lb/>ignita. </s> <s id="N4027A5">Nunc quoniam his operibus perficiendis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> calce <expan abbr="tantũ/">tantun /</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="uerũ">uerum</expan> et harena opus <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>: de harena ip&longs;a nobis <expan abbr="dicendũ">dicendum</expan> e&longs;t.</s> </p> <p id="N4027BD" type="main"> <s id="N4027BF"><expan abbr="Harenarũ">Harenarum</expan> tria &longs;unt genera / Fo&longs;&longs;icea / Fluuiatilis / Marina. </s> <s id="N4027C5"><expan abbr="Omniũ">Om<lb/>nium</expan> optima fo&longs;&longs;icea. </s> <s id="N4027CD">Atque ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> multiplex e&longs;t / Nigra / Cana / <pb xlink:href="004/01/065.jpg"/>rubra et carbunculus et glareo&longs;a. </s> <s id="N4027D8">Siquis me roget quidnam e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>harenam &longs;tatuam: forta&longs;&longs;is dixero eam e&longs;&longs;e / qua maioribus <expan abbr="cõfractis">confra<lb/>ctis</expan> lapidibus minutulis con&longs;tet lapilli&longs;culis: Tamet&longs;i Vitruuio <lb/>placuit harenam / et præ&longs;ertim in ætruria / quam carbunculum di<lb/>cunt / genus e&longs;&longs;e quoddam terræ ignibus a rerum natura intra <expan abbr="mõtes">mon<lb/>tes</expan> inclu&longs;is peru&longs;tæ et redditæ / ut &longs;it iam terra non cocta &longs;olidior <lb/>et tofo ip&longs;o mollior. </s> <s id="N4027EF">Verum inter ha&longs;ce omnes harenas <expan abbr="praferũt">praeferunt</expan> <lb/>carbunculum. </s> <s id="N4027F8">Aduerti romæ publicis ædificiis u&longs;os no in po&longs;tre<lb/>mis rubra: Caua intra fo&longs;&longs;iceas ultima e&longs;t: Glareo&longs;a fundamentis <lb/>farciundis <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> e&longs;t: Sed inter primarias proximo loco <expan abbr="ãnumerant">annume<lb/>rant</expan> glaream <expan abbr="tenuior&etilde;">tenuiorem</expan> præ&longs;ertim quæ angularis et ab omni terræ <lb/><expan abbr="ĩmixtione">immixtione</expan> <expan abbr="īmunis">immunis</expan> &longs;it: uti e&longs;t quæ apud uilumbros abunde &longs;uppe <lb/>ditat: Subinde harenam probant / quæ ex fluento po&longs;t primam <expan abbr="&longs;upremã">&longs;u<lb/>premam</expan> cutem abrepta eximatur: Et inter fluuiatiles torrentium / <lb/>et inter ha&longs;ce utilior quæ intra <expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> pronioribus profluuiis &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;titit. </s> <s id="N402825">Extremo uenit loco harena quæ ex mari excepta &longs;it: et <expan abbr="īter">inter</expan> <lb/>maritimas nigrantem ac uitro&longs;am non omnino uituperant. </s> <s id="N40282E">Apud <lb/>Picentes agro &longs;alernitano harenam ex mari &longs;umptam fo&longs;&longs;iceæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="po&longs;tponũt">po&longs;tponunt</expan>: Sed eius regionis non omni ex littore de&longs;umptam pro<lb/>bant: Nam <expan abbr="cõpertum">compertum</expan> quidem habent littoribus / quæ ad hau&longs;tros <lb/><expan abbr="excipi&etilde;dos">excipiendos</expan> pateant / harenam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> deterrimam: Quæ uero <lb/>ad lybicum <expan abbr="&longs;pect&etilde;t">&longs;pectent</expan> littora / ea quidem harenam ferre minime po&longs;<lb/>&longs;imam. </s> <s id="N402855">At inter maritimas harenas e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõmodiorem">commodiorem</expan> <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tat / quæ">con&longs;tat / quæ</expan> <lb/>ad rupes &longs;ub&longs;ideat: granoue cra&longs;&longs;iore &longs;it. </s> <s id="N402862">Atqui <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> harene qui<lb/>dem cur <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="differãt">differant</expan> inter &longs;e: <expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> marina inhare&longs;cit difficile et <lb/>&longs;al&longs;ugine di&longs;&longs;olubilis made&longs;cit <expan abbr="cõtinuo">continuo</expan> atque &longs;ubfluit: Inde igitur <lb/>onera ægre et <expan abbr="nun&quml;">numquam</expan> fidi&longs;&longs;ime &longs;u&longs;tinet. </s> <s id="N402883">Fluuiatilis quoque humecti<lb/>or e&longs;t <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> fo&longs;&longs;icea: eaque de re ductibilior et tectoriis habilior. </s> <s id="N40288C">Fo&longs;&longs;i<lb/>cea propter <expan abbr="pinguedin&etilde;">pinguedinem</expan> tenacior: &longs;ed facit rimas: ea de re (cum) <lb/>rationibus <expan abbr="adigunt / nõ">adigunt / non</expan> ad tectoria. </s> <s id="N40289B">Sed erit harena optima &longs;uo in <lb/>genere quæque fricata et per&longs;tricta manibus &longs;tridorem faciat: et quæ <lb/>in candidam ue&longs;tem excepta non coinquinabit: neque terram &longs;ub&longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="dent&etilde;">dentem</expan> relinquet. </s> <s id="N4028A7">Contra erit harena <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> bona: quæ per &longs;e lenis et <expan abbr="nequic&quml;">ne<lb/>quicquam</expan> a&longs;pera: et colore odoreque luteam <expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> <expan abbr="imite&ttilde;">imitetur</expan>: quæue intra <pb xlink:href="004/01/066.jpg"/><expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> exagitata / aquam reddet <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> turbulentam et limo&longs;am: <lb/>quæue in area relicta ilico herbe&longs;cet: eritque <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> bona / que dudum <lb/>conuecta diu extiterit &longs;ub aere ad &longs;olem et lunam et pruinas: nam <lb/>terrico&longs;a efficitur et putris: et perinde cum ad producenda arbu<lb/>&longs;cula et caprificos parata: tum ad continendam &longs;tructuram infir<lb/>mi&longs;&longs;ima.</s> </p> <p id="N4028D4" type="main"> <s id="N4028D6">Diximus de materia / lapide / calce / et harena: quæ a maioribus pro<lb/>barentur. </s> <s id="N4028DB">Sed locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> omnibus dabitur / ut ea pro in&longs;tituto rebus <lb/>agendis <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> et parabilia <expan abbr="ĩueniamus">inueniamus</expan>. </s> <s id="N4028EC">A&longs;iam aiebat Cicero pro<lb/>pter copiam marmoris / &longs;emper ædificiorum et &longs;ignorum gloria <lb/>florui&longs;&longs;e: At marmora locis omnibus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> inuenies: alibi aut nullus <lb/>e&longs;t lapis: aut &longs;i e&longs;t / is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad omnem u&longs;um e&longs;t habilis. </s> <s id="N402901">Tota <lb/>italia ab ea parte quæ ad meridiem uergit / fo&longs;&longs;iceam reperiri hare<lb/>nam te&longs;tantur: ab apennino citra non reperiri. </s> <s id="N402908">Babylones inquit <lb/>Plinius bitumine: Carthaginen&longs;es luto utuntur. </s> <s id="N40290D">Alibi omnino la<lb/>pidis inopia cratibus et argilla <expan abbr="ædificãt">ædificant</expan>. </s> <s id="N402916">Budinos refert Herodo<lb/>tus cum priuatas / tum etiam publicas ædes non re alia ædificare <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ligno: ut etiam urbis moenia atque ip&longs;a deorum &longs;imulacra &longs;int <lb/>apud eos lignea. </s> <s id="N402922">Neuros ligno penitus carere ait Mella: ut ligno<lb/>rum loco &longs;uccedere cogantur o&longs;&longs;a. </s> <s id="N402927">Aegypto iumentorum &longs;ege&longs;ti<lb/>onibus focum fouent. </s> <s id="N40292C">Hine e&longs;t ut alii alia &longs;ibi habere pro nece&longs;&longs;i<lb/>tate et rerum oportunitate diuer&longs;oria cogantur. </s> <s id="N402931">Apud ægyptios <lb/>&longs;unt qui uel regias domos harundinibus: apud Indos qui <expan abbr="cætarũ">cætarum</expan> <lb/>co&longs;tis &longs;ibi <expan abbr="ædific&etilde;t">ædificent</expan>. </s> <s id="N402940">Apud Dedaliam in Sardis &longs;uffo&longs;&longs;a tellure ha<lb/>bitare &longs;cribit Diodorus. </s> <s id="N402945">Carris Arabiæ oppido muros domo&longs;que <lb/>ma&longs;&longs;is efficiunt &longs;alis. </s> <s id="N40294A">Sed de his alias. </s> <s id="N40294D">Itaque ut diximus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> omni <lb/>loco eadem lapidis harenæque et huiu&longs;modi e&longs;t copia: Sed diuer&longs;is <lb/>diuer&longs;a et naturæ et <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> exi&longs;tit ratio atque modus: Iccirco his uti <lb/>oportet quæ &longs;uppeditant: et in his ip&longs;is adhibenda e&longs;t cautio: pri<lb/>mo ut habiliores et <expan abbr="cõmodiores/&longs;electos">commodiores / &longs;electos</expan> parato&longs;que habeamus: pro<lb/>xime ut ædificando aptioribus utamur / &longs;uis quibu&longs;que locis <expan abbr="cũcta">cuncta</expan> <lb/>recte di&longs;partiendo.</s> </p> <p id="N40296C" type="main"> <s id="N40296E"><expan abbr="Sequi&ttilde;">Sequitur</expan> ut paratis rebus / que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus / materia / lapide / calce/">recen&longs;uimus / materia / lapide / calce /</expan> <lb/>harena: <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> de <expan abbr="cõ&longs;truendi">con&longs;truendi</expan> ædificii ratione et modo <expan abbr="trã&longs;igamus">tran&longs;igamus</expan>. <pb xlink:href="004/01/067.jpg"/>Nam ferrum quidem æs atque <expan abbr="plũbum">plumbum</expan> et uitrum er reliqua i&longs;tiu&longs;<lb/>modi ut pares nihilo plus opus e&longs;t indu&longs;tria, <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut coemis atque in <lb/>unum cogas / quoad in opere perficiundo non de&longs;int: tam et&longs;i de his <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;elig&etilde;dis">&longs;eligendis</expan> et <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;dis">di&longs;tribuendis</expan> dicemus &longs;uo loco / quæ ad operis <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;torũque">ornamen<lb/>torumque</expan> rationem ab&longs;oluendam <expan abbr="cõueniant">conueniant</expan>: Atque nos qua&longs;i opus fac<lb/>turi &longs;imus et manu ædificaturi ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> rem ordiri ag<lb/>grediemur: Sed hic prius e&longs;t ut iterum admoneam / pen&longs;anda e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>tempora cum publica / tum et priuata no&longs;tra <expan abbr="no&longs;trorũque">no&longs;trorumque</expan> eiu&longs;modi<lb/>&longs;int: ne quid aggrediamur: in quo perturbatis rebus aut inuidiam <lb/>captes &longs;i per&longs;eueres <expan abbr="ædificãdo">ædificando</expan>: aut di&longs;pendium &longs;i de&longs;eras. </s> <s id="N4029C2">Adde quod <lb/>et naturæ tempora inprimis erunt <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãda">ob&longs;eruanda</expan>: Nam uidere quidem <lb/>licet / uti ea quæ per hyemem ædificantur / locis præ&longs;ertim frigidis <lb/>gelent: Ea uero quæ per æ&longs;tatem / locis præ&longs;ertim æ&longs;tuo&longs;is are<expan abbr="&longs;cãt /">&longs;cant /</expan> <lb/>prius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cohereant. </s> <s id="N4029DA">Hinc igitur admonebat Frontinus architectus <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e ad opus exequendum apta <expan abbr="accõmodataque">accommodataque</expan> tempora: quæ &longs;unt <lb/>a chalendis aprilis / ad <expan abbr="chal&etilde;das">chalendas</expan> u&longs;que <expan abbr="nou&etilde;bris / intermi&longs;&longs;o">nouembris / intermi&longs;&longs;o</expan> æ&longs;tatis <lb/>feruore. </s> <s id="N4029EF">Sed pro locorum uarietate et coelo opus <expan abbr="maturandũ">maturandum</expan> aut <lb/><expan abbr="producendũ">producendum</expan> &longs;tatuo. </s> <s id="N4029FB">Itaque &longs;i cum his <expan abbr="cũque">cumque</expan> cæteris rebus quæ &longs;upra <lb/>recen&longs;uimus / bene tibi conueniet: erit demum area futuri operis <lb/><expan abbr="de&longs;crib&etilde;da/&longs;ignatis">de&longs;cribenda / &longs;ignatis</expan> in &longs;olo &longs;paciis &longs;ua et linearum et angulorum <lb/>dimen&longs;ione.</s> </p> <p id="N402A0B" type="main"> <s id="N402A0D">At &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="admon&etilde;t">admonent</expan> bonis initiis inchoandam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ædification&etilde;">ædificationem</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="&ptail;maximi">permaximi</expan> quidem intere&longs;&longs;e quo quidque temporis momento in <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;entium numero <expan abbr="c&etilde;">causae</expan> occeperit. </s> <s id="N402A26">Lucius Tarutius urbis Romæ<lb/><expan abbr="natal&etilde;">natalem</expan> diem adinueni&longs;&longs;e fortunæ &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;ibus <expan abbr="ãnotatis">annotatis</expan> <expan abbr="prædica&ttilde;">prædicatur</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="Tantãque">Tantanque</expan> habere uim ad res futuras ip&longs;um hoc initii <expan abbr="momentũ">momentum</expan> pu<lb/>tarunt &longs;apienti&longs;&longs;imi ueteres: ut fui&longs;&longs;e Iulius firmicus maternus re<lb/>ferat / qui <expan abbr="mũdi">mundi</expan> <expan abbr="geniturã">genituram</expan> ex rerum euentibus <expan abbr="cõpertam">compertam</expan> fecerint: <lb/>ac de ea re accurati&longs;&longs;ime &longs;crip&longs;erint. </s> <s id="N402A51"><expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> E&longs;culapius Annubius <lb/>que: et i&longs;tos &longs;ecuti Peto&longs;iris et Necep&longs;o &longs;ic fui&longs;&longs;e hanc affirmant: <lb/>&longs;urgente ab orizonte Cancro et luna ex dimidio / &longs;ole in leone / &longs;a<lb/>turno in capricorno / ioue in &longs;agittario / marte in <expan abbr="&longs;corpiõe / uencre">&longs;corpione / uenere</expan> <lb/>in libra / mercurio in uirgine. </s> <s id="N402A63">Et profecto <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> &longs;i recta interpre<lb/>tamur <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> pleri&longs;que <expan abbr="ī">in</expan> rebus po&longs;&longs;unt. </s> <s id="N402A74">Nam et quod illud <expan abbr="&qtilde;d">quod</expan> <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/068.jpg"/>die brumali pulegium <expan abbr="aridũ">aridum</expan> flore&longs;cere / inflatas ue&longs;icas di&longs;rumpi <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;alictorũ">&longs;alictorum</expan> folia: <expan abbr="Malorũ">Malorum</expan> grana uerti ac <expan abbr="circũagi / murũque">circumagi / murumque</expan> iocu&longs;cu<lb/>lis fibras numero in dies ad lunæ numerum <expan abbr="cõgruere">congruere</expan> atque æquari. <lb/></s> <s id="N402A97">Ego uero et&longs;i i&longs;tius di&longs;ciplinæ profe&longs;&longs;oribus et <expan abbr="t&etilde;porum">temporum</expan> ob&longs;eruato<lb/>ribus non <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> tribuam / ut eos <expan abbr="exi&longs;tim&etilde;">exi&longs;timem</expan> &longs;uis po&longs;&longs;e artibus <expan abbr="certã">certam</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;tare <expan abbr="fortunã">fortunam</expan> <expan abbr="rebusinõ">rebus / non</expan> <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="a&longs;pernãdos">a&longs;pernandos</expan> ducam <expan abbr="&longs;iquãdo">&longs;iquando</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="di&longs;put&etilde;t">di&longs;putent</expan> præ&longs;cripta i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <expan abbr="mon&etilde;te">monente</expan> coelo <expan abbr="utrãque">utramque</expan> in par<lb/>tem po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan>. </s> <s id="N402AD9">Sed uti ea &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="h&etilde;at">habeat</expan> res / &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e quæ admo<lb/>nent: aut <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <expan abbr="proderũt">proderunt</expan> &longs;i uera &longs;unt: aut <expan abbr="minimũ">minimum</expan> nocebunt &longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> fal&longs;a. </s> <s id="N402AF3"><expan abbr="Adder&etilde;">Adderem</expan> hic aliqua ridenda / quæ ueteres probauere in<lb/>choandis rebus: &longs;ed nolim <expan abbr="interpreten&ttilde;">interpretentur</expan> &longs;ecus atque res ferat: Et pro<lb/>fecto ridiculi: qui bono item omine <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteras res: tum et <expan abbr="ĩprimis">imprimis</expan> <lb/>areæ <expan abbr="præ&longs;cription&etilde;">præ&longs;criptionem</expan> inire iu&longs;&longs;erint. </s> <s id="N402B0F">Veteres his <expan abbr="&longs;up&longs;titõibus">&longs;uper&longs;titionibus</expan> adeo <lb/><expan abbr="uacabãt">uacabant</expan>: ut e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> militem in delectu <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cribendo">con&longs;cribendo</expan> <expan abbr="curar&etilde;t">curarent</expan>: ne <lb/>ei e&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="nom&etilde;">nomen</expan> ulla ex parte <expan abbr="infau&longs;tũ">infau&longs;tum</expan>: tum et <expan abbr="lu&longs;trãda">lu&longs;tranda</expan> colonia atque <lb/>exercitu bonis nominibus <expan abbr="eligebãt / qui">eligebant / qui</expan> ho&longs;tias ducerent: et locan <lb/>dis uectigalibus cen&longs;ores <expan abbr="Lucrinũ">Lucrinum</expan> lacum ob nominis felicitatem <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="oĩum">omnium</expan> <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> in&longs;tituere: Tum et malo <expan abbr="noĩs">nominis</expan> nomine permoti quæ <lb/>prius <expan abbr="epidãnum">epidannum</expan> <expan abbr="uocaba&ttilde;">uocabatur</expan>: ne <expan abbr="indãnum">indannum</expan> eo <expan abbr="nauigãtes">nauigantes</expan> ire <expan abbr="diceren&ttilde;">dicerentur</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="Dyrrachiũ">Dyrrachium</expan> appellari uoluere. </s> <s id="N402B6A">Eadem <expan abbr="rõne">ronne</expan> et Beneuentum / quod <lb/>prius Maloeton <expan abbr="dicere&ttilde;">diceretur</expan> <expan abbr="nũcupauere">nuncupauere</expan>. </s> <s id="N402B7B">Rideo hic: nam bona etiam <lb/>uerba et <expan abbr="precãtia">precantia</expan> adiungi placet. </s> <s id="N402B84">Et &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="affirm&etilde;t">affirment</expan> hominum <lb/>uerba tanti <expan abbr="c&etilde;/ut">causae / ut</expan> uel a feris muti&longs;que rebus <expan abbr="audian&ttilde;">audiantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N402B95">Sino illud Ca<lb/>tonis uerbis la&longs;&longs;atas boues in&longs;taurari. </s> <s id="N402B9A">Solere <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> homines aiunt <lb/><expan abbr="ĩpetrare">impetrare</expan> a &longs;olo patrio uerbis et precibus / ut in&longs;uetas et alienas alat <lb/>arbores: ip&longs;a&longs;que arbores exorari po&longs;&longs;e ut <expan abbr="trã&longs;migrent / et">tran&longs;migrent / et</expan> in alieno <lb/>accre&longs;cant. </s> <s id="N402BAE">Iam mihi po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> inepti <expan abbr="c&etilde;">causae</expan> <expan abbr="coepimus / aliorũ">coepimus / aliorum</expan> ineptias <lb/><expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;endo">recen&longs;endo</expan> illud ridiculi gratia non omittam / quod aiunt adeo au<lb/>diri <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> genus / ut rapam <expan abbr="affirm&etilde;t">affirment</expan> ampliorem cre&longs;cere: &longs;i <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> <lb/>&longs;eratur ob&longs;ecretur / ut &longs;ibi et familiæ et uicinis benigne conferat. <lb/></s> <s id="N402BD3">Quæ quidem res &longs;i ita &longs;unt: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> intelligo cur ocimum herbam pu<lb/>tent / quo magis cum maledictis et probris &longs;atum &longs;it / eo fructus <lb/>lætiores afferre. </s> <s id="N402BDE">Sed mi&longs;&longs;a hæc faciamus. </s> <s id="N402BE1">Cæterum præ&longs;tare qui<lb/>dem arbitror / &longs;i omni <expan abbr="opinionũ">opinionum</expan> incerta <expan abbr="&longs;uper&longs;titiõe">&longs;uper&longs;titione</expan> de&longs;pecta / rem <pb xlink:href="004/01/069.jpg"/>ip&longs;am &longs;ancte et religio&longs;e aggrediemur. </s> <s id="N402BF2">Ab Ioue principium mu<lb/>&longs;æ: iouis omnia plena: Ergo purificato animo: et &longs;ancte pieque ado<lb/>rato &longs;acrificio / inchoari tantam rem perplacebit: his maxime ha<lb/>bitis precibus ad &longs;uperos / quibus <expan abbr="po&longs;ca&ttilde;/">po&longs;catur /</expan> ut opem <expan abbr="auxiliũque">auxiliumque</expan> præ<lb/>beant operi / et faueant cæptis / quoad fau&longs;te/ feliciter / pro&longs;pereque <lb/>eueniat res: &longs;itque longa cum &longs;ua <expan abbr="&longs;uorũque">&longs;uorumque</expan> ho&longs;pitumque &longs;alute et &longs;alu<lb/>britate: cum rerum firmitate: animi æquabilitate: fortunarum in <lb/>cremento / et indu&longs;triæ fructu / et gloriæ propagatione: <expan abbr="bonorũqueomniũ">bonorumque <lb/>omnium</expan> perhennitate / atque po&longs;teritate. </s> <s id="N402C18">De his hactenus.</s> </p> <p id="N402C1B" type="head"> <s id="N402C1D">LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE <lb/>OPERE LIBER TERTIVS INCIPIT.</s> </p> <p id="N402C22" type="main"> <s id="N402C24">oMNIS ASTRVENDI OPERIS RA<lb/>tio / hac una in re uer&longs;atur atque con&longs;umitur: ut <lb/>pluribus <expan abbr="ordīc">ordine</expan> <expan abbr="cõge&longs;tis">conge&longs;tis</expan> et arte <expan abbr="cõpactis">compactis</expan> rebus: <lb/>&longs;eu &longs;int illi <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quadrati lapides: &longs;eu cemen<lb/>ta: &longs;eu materia: &longs;eu quod aliud uis &longs;olida ex eis / <lb/>et quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="ītegra">integra</expan> unitaque <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tructio">con&longs;tru<lb/>ctio</expan> <expan abbr="pduca&ttilde;">producatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N402C4F">Integra counitaque ea <expan abbr="dicen&ttilde;">dicentur</expan>, quo <lb/>rum partes a partibus neque re&longs;ectæ / neque di&longs;iunctæ / neque non &longs;uis <lb/>in&longs;itæ locis &longs;int: Sed toto linearum tractu cohereant atque con&longs;e<lb/>quantur. </s> <s id="N402C5C">In &longs;tructura igitur con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet / quænam in ea <lb/>primariæ &longs;int partes: et quæ <expan abbr="partiũ">partium</expan> lineæ atque ordines. </s> <s id="N402C65">Structuræ <lb/>perficiundæ partes minime ob&longs;curæ &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N402C6A"><expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum / infimũ/">&longs;ummum / infimum /</expan> <lb/>dextrum / &longs;ini&longs;trum / proximum / di&longs;tans: et quæ inter has extre<lb/>mitates intercurrant media / ex &longs;e patent: Sed quid cuique in&longs;it: cur <lb/>inter &longs;e differant: non <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> <expan abbr="intelligũt">intelligunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N402C82">Neque enim <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> opus tollere ut <lb/>putant imperiti / lapidem lapidi: et cementa cementis &longs;upera&longs;tru<lb/>ere: Sed diuer&longs;æ cum &longs;int partes: longe diuer&longs;is indigent rebus <lb/>et indu&longs;tria: Aliud enim fundamentis: aliud procinctui et coro<lb/>nis: Aliud angulis et apertionum labris: Aliud extremis cuti <lb/>bus: Aliud intimis parietum in farctionibus et cra&longs;&longs;ationibus de<lb/>betur. </s> <s id="N402C99">Quod autem cuique debeatur / no&longs;trum erit pro&longs;equi, <pb xlink:href="004/01/070.jpg"/>In his <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ab&longs;oluendis ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> incipiemus: eos ut di<lb/>ximus imitati: qui manu &longs;int opus effecturi.</s> </p> <p id="N402CAA" type="main"> <s id="N402CAC"><expan abbr="Fundamentũ/ni">Fundamentum / ni</expan> fallimur / &longs;tructuræ pars <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t: &longs;ed locus uideli<lb/>cet ac &longs;edes: <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> qua &longs;tructura ip&longs;a <expan abbr="toll&etilde;da">tollenda</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;tatu&etilde;daque">&longs;tatuendaque</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s id="N402CC4">Nam &longs;i da<lb/>bitur area penitus &longs;olida atque <expan abbr="oĩo">omnino</expan> <expan abbr="con&longs;tãs">con&longs;tans</expan> lapidea forta&longs;&longs;is: quales <lb/>apud Veios <expan abbr="nõnullas">nonnullas</expan> <expan abbr="ĩuenias">inuenias</expan>: <expan abbr="quænã">quænam</expan> tibi illic erunt fundamenta <lb/><expan abbr="iaciũda">iaciunda</expan> potius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut <expan abbr="&longs;tructurã">&longs;tructuram</expan> ip&longs;am attollas. </s> <s id="N402CEC">Apud Senas <expan abbr="ui&longs;un&ttilde;">ui&longs;untur</expan> <lb/>maximæ <expan abbr="turriũ">turrium</expan> moles / ip&longs;o primo et nudo in &longs;olo po&longs;itæ: E&longs;t <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> <lb/>mons &longs;olidus &longs;ub&longs;tratus tofo. </s> <s id="N402CFF">Fundatione <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> hoc e&longs;t itione <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> fun<lb/>dum atque fossura erit opus ubi <expan abbr="firmũ">firmum</expan> &longs;tabileque solum pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;a de <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;aque fouea <expan abbr="quærendũ">quærendum</expan> &longs;it: quod ip&longs;um fieri ferme pleri&longs;que <expan abbr="oībus">omnibus</expan> <lb/>in locis <expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit </expan>: de quibus po&longs;tea. </s> <s id="N402D20"><expan abbr="Cõmodum">Commodum</expan> <expan abbr="futurũ">futurum</expan> &longs;olum <expan abbr="ĩditio">inditio</expan> <lb/>erunt hæc / &longs;i mille aderunt herbæ / quæ humectis in locis <expan abbr="&longs;oleãt">&longs;oleant</expan>: <lb/>&longs;i arborem aut <expan abbr="nullã">nullam</expan> ferat: aut eam <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan>: quæ ni&longs;i in præduro et <lb/>den&longs;i&longs;&longs;imo oriatur: Si <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> multo <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> <expan abbr="oĩa">omnia</expan> &longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima et penitus <lb/>arentia: Si lapido&longs;a lapide <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="minuto / nõ">minuto / non</expan> globeo: &longs;ed angulari &longs;o<lb/>lido præ&longs;ertim &longs;iliceo: Si &longs;ub &longs;e neque &longs;caturient fontes / neque <expan abbr="fluentũ">fluen<lb/>tum</expan> peruader: Fluenti. </s> <s id="N402D5D">n. </s> <s id="N402D60">natura e&longs;t / ut aut rapiat &longs;empiterne quoad <lb/>motu ualeat / aut importet: Ea re fit ut plana / quæ propter fluuius <lb/>excurrit / &longs;oli <expan abbr="firmitat&etilde;">firmitatem</expan> <expan abbr="præ&longs;t&etilde;t">præ&longs;tent</expan> non <expan abbr="prius/&qtilde;">prius / quae</expan> ubi &longs;ub <expan abbr="alueũ">alueum</expan> de&longs;cen <lb/>deris. </s> <s id="N402D79">Tu <expan abbr="prius&qtilde;">priusquam</expan> <expan abbr="quic&quml;">quicquam</expan> fodere incipias angulos <expan abbr="arearũ">arearum</expan> et omnes <lb/>laterum lineas diligenti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> atque iterum <expan abbr="ãnota&longs;&longs;e">annota&longs;&longs;e</expan> oportet: <lb/>quales futuri &longs;int et quo &longs;tatuantur loco: His angulis ponendis <lb/>norma opus e&longs;t <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pu&longs;illa / &longs;ed prægrandi: quo <expan abbr="directionũ">directionum</expan> lineæ <lb/>certiores <expan abbr="cõ&longs;equan&ttilde;">con&longs;equantur</expan>: Normam ueteres <expan abbr="cõficiebant">conficiebant</expan> tribus rectis re <lb/>gulis in <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <expan abbr="triangulũ">triangulum</expan> coniunctis: <expan abbr="quarũ">quarum</expan> erat una cubitos tris: al<lb/>tera quatuor: tertia cubitos erat quinque. </s> <s id="N402DB8">Atqui hos <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> angulos <lb/>ponere imperiti / ni&longs;i rebus omnibus quæ aream <expan abbr="occup&etilde;t / amotis">occupent / amotis</expan>: <lb/>et &longs;olo prius reddito uacuo et penitu&longs; complanato ne&longs;ciunt: Eaque <lb/>de re / quod in ho&longs;tium agro moderantiu&longs; facerent / repente rap<lb/>ti&longs; malleoli&longs; / fabro&longs; ua&longs;tatore&longs; ad <expan abbr="diru&etilde;da">diruenda</expan> et delenda omnia im<lb/>mittunt: Quorum e&longs;t error ca&longs;tigandu&longs;: Nam multa et fortu<lb/>næ iniuria / et temporum aduer&longs;ita&longs; / et rerum ca&longs;u&longs; atque ne<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;&longs;unt afferre: Quæ moneant uetentque ne quid cæp<pb xlink:href="004/01/071.jpg"/>ta pro&longs;equare: Et interea dedecet profecto non parcere ueterum <lb/>laboribus / et con&longs;ulere ciuium <expan abbr="cõmodis / his">commodis / his</expan> quæ a&longs;&longs;uctis <expan abbr="maiorũ">maiorum</expan> <lb/>&longs;uorum laribus capiant: quando et perdere et pro&longs;ternere et fundi<lb/>tus conuellere quæque ubique &longs;unt / ex arbitrio &longs;emper relictum &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N402DE8">Itaque pri&longs;tina uelim &longs;erues integra quoad noua illis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> demollitis <lb/>attolli nequeant.</s> </p> <p id="N402DF1" type="main"> <s id="N402DF3"><expan abbr="Fundam&etilde;tis">Fundamentis</expan> de&longs;cribendis memini&longs;&longs;e oportet prima <expan abbr="parietũ">parietum</expan> exor<lb/>dia et &longs;occos / quos etiam <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;ta">fundamenta</expan> <expan abbr="nũcupant/">nuncupant /</expan> habenda e&longs;&longs;e quo<lb/>ta parte &longs;ui ampliora / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;it futurus paries: eorum imitatione qui <lb/>alpibus ætrurie per niues ambulant: Nam hi quidem pedibus adi<lb/>gunt cribros funiculis in eum ip&longs;um u&longs;um contextis: quorum am<lb/>plitudine ue&longs;tigia minus <expan abbr="ĩmergantur">immergantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N402E13">Anguli ip&longs;i quo pacto an<lb/>notentur / e&longs;&longs;et non facile examu&longs;&longs;im pro&longs;equi uerbis &longs;olis. </s> <s id="N402E18">quod <lb/>&longs;it eorum <expan abbr="captãdorum">captandorum</expan> ratio ex mathematicis ducta: et linearum <lb/>exemplo indigeat: res ab in&longs;tituto aliena: de qua alibi in <expan abbr="cõmentariis">commenta<lb/>riis</expan> rerum <expan abbr="mathematicarũ">mathematicarum</expan> tran&longs;egimus. </s> <s id="N402E2D">Tentabo tamen atque eni<lb/>tar <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> hic conferat ita loqui: ut qui ingenio ualeas / facile in<lb/>telligas multa / unde totam rem po&longs;tea ex te <expan abbr="cõ&longs;equaris">con&longs;equaris</expan>. </s> <s id="N402E3C">Ob&longs;curio<lb/>ra forta&longs;&longs;is quæ <expan abbr="uidebũtur/&longs;i">uidebuntur / &longs;i</expan> libebit ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan> tenere ex <expan abbr="cõmentariis">commenta<lb/>riis</expan> ip&longs;is petita percipies. </s> <s id="N402E4F">Nos quidem fundamenta diffinientes <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ueuimus lineas dirigere / quas radices <expan abbr="nũcupamus / hunc">nuncupamus / hunc</expan> in mo<lb/>dum: A media enim fronte operis / ad <expan abbr="po&longs;ticũ">po&longs;ticum</expan> protendo lineam: <lb/>ad cuius dimidiam longitudinem figo telluri clauum: per quam <lb/><expan abbr="trã&longs;uer&longs;am">tran&longs;uer&longs;am</expan> duco ex <expan abbr="geometrorũ">geometrorum</expan> monitis <expan abbr="ppendicular&etilde;">perpendicularem</expan>. </s> <s id="N402E6D">Itaque ad <lb/>ha&longs;ce duas lineas / quicquod <expan abbr="demeti&etilde;dum">demetiendum</expan> e&longs;t redigo: &longs;uccedunt <expan abbr="oĩa">omnia</expan> <lb/>belli&longs;&longs;ime: præ&longs;to &longs;unt <expan abbr="æquidi&longs;tãtes">æquidi&longs;tantes</expan> certi&longs;&longs;imi finiuntur anguli: <lb/>partes partibus <expan abbr="re&longs;pond&etilde;t / apteque">re&longs;pondent / apteque</expan> <expan abbr="conforman&ttilde;">conformantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N402E8A">Quod &longs;i forte <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> <lb/>ut interiectis parietibus ueterum ædificiorum <expan abbr="captãdi">captandi</expan> anguli <expan abbr="terminũ">ter<lb/>minum</expan> ac &longs;edem radio ui&longs;us expedire nota&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> queas: tibi æque <lb/><expan abbr="di&longs;tãtes">di&longs;tantes</expan> lineæ <expan abbr="duc&etilde;dæ">ducendæ</expan> &longs;unt ea / qua libera et expedita patebit uia: <lb/>hinc &longs;ignato inter&longs;ectionis puncto / cum gnomonis / tum diametri <lb/>productione / tum etiam aliis <expan abbr="æquedi&longs;tãtibus">æquedi&longs;tantibus</expan> ad normam coequa<lb/>tis lineis rem pulcherrime a&longs;&longs;equemur. </s> <s id="N402EB3">Neque erit non accommoda<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum radios ui&longs;us locis &longs;upereminentibus terminare linea: <pb xlink:href="004/01/072.jpg"/>quo illinc dimi&longs;&longs;o perpendiculo certa præ&longs;tetur directio atque pro<lb/>gre&longs;&longs;io. </s> <s id="N402EC0">Signatis perinde lineis et angulis <expan abbr="fo&longs;&longs;ionũ">fo&longs;&longs;ionum</expan> <expan abbr="cõueniret">conueniret</expan> qui<lb/>dem <expan abbr="oculorũ">oculorum</expan> et intuitus uim habere / qualem per hæc habui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tem<lb/>pora</expan> hi&longs;panum <expan abbr="qu&etilde;piam">quempiam</expan> fabulantur. </s> <s id="N402EDB">qui aquarum uenas per terræ <lb/>intima &longs;erpientes / non &longs;ecus di&longs;ternebat ac &longs;i in aperto fluerent: <lb/>Tanta &longs;ub terra &longs;uccedunt incognita: quibus non tuto onus et im<lb/>pen&longs;am ædificationis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;tin&etilde;dam">&longs;ub&longs;tinendam</expan> <expan abbr="cõmittas">committas</expan>. </s> <s id="N402EEC">Et oportet profecto <lb/>cum toto ædificio / tum præ&longs;ertim ip&longs;is fundamentis nihil negli<lb/>gere: in quo cauti et <expan abbr="circũ&longs;pecti">circum&longs;pecti</expan> ædificatoris ratio et <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> de <lb/>&longs;iderari po&longs;&longs;it: quando in cæteris &longs;iquid <expan abbr="erratũ">erratum</expan> e&longs;t / lædit leuius: <lb/>et emendatur facilius: et perfertur <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in <expan abbr="fũdamentis">fundamentis</expan>: in <lb/>quibus nulla errati excu&longs;atio admittenda e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N402F11">At ueteres / quod <lb/>fau&longs;tum et felix &longs;it / fodito inquiunt / u&longs;que dum &longs;olidum inuenias. <lb/></s> <s id="N402F17">Habet enim tellus &longs;ubduplices et multiplices cutes: alias fabulo<lb/>sas: alias hareno&longs;as: alias calculo&longs;as et eiu&longs;modi: &longs;ub quibus ordi<lb/>ne uario et incerto den&longs;a et concreta &longs;ub&longs;titit cutis / ferendis ædifi<lb/>ciis ualidi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N402F20">Quæ et ip&longs;a quidem uaria <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>: neque cæteris &longs;ui ge<lb/>neris ulla pene in re &longs;imilis: Sed alibi duri&longs;&longs;ima et ferro prope in <lb/>expugnabilis: alibi cra&longs;&longs;ior: alibi nigricans: alibi albicans: quam <lb/>cæteris <expan abbr="imbecillior&etilde;">imbecilliorem</expan> plerique <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan>: Alibi cretamo&longs;a: alibi tofinea: <lb/>alibi ex <expan abbr="˜dã">quadam</expan> argille genere <expan abbr="ĩmixta">immixta</expan> glarea: De quibu&longs; omnibu&longs; <expan abbr="quenã">quenam</expan> <lb/>&longs;it optima <expan abbr="certũ">certum</expan> dari aliud <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> <expan abbr="iudiciũ">iudicium</expan> pote&longs;t. </s> <s id="N402F51">preter <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan>: Vt <lb/>eam probent: quæ <expan abbr="errfũ">errfum</expan> egre excipiat: quæ ue aqua <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;a">immi&longs;&longs;a</expan> minime <lb/><expan abbr="dl&longs;&longs;olua&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;oluatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N402F67">Et <expan abbr="&longs;olidũ">&longs;olidum</expan> ea de re <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> haberi <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan> certiu&longs; atque <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tãtiu&longs;">con&longs;tan<lb/>tiu&longs;</expan>. </s> <s id="N402F7C"><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quod ad <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> perterre ui&longs;cera <expan abbr="&longs;caturient&etilde;">&longs;caturientem</expan> &longs;ub&longs;it. </s> <s id="N402F8A">Nos uero <lb/>doctos et peritos omnes incolas et uicinos architectos <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ulendos">con&longs;ulendos</expan> <lb/>putamus: Qui quidem & ueterum ædificiorum exemplo: et po<lb/>nendorum in dies u&longs;u recte i&longs;tius: ædifices: regionis &longs;olum quale <lb/>&longs;it & quid ualeat facile didici&longs;&longs;e potuere. </s> <s id="N402F99">Dantur tamen argu<lb/>menta de &longs;oli firmitate prætentanda & congno&longs;cenda. </s> <s id="N402F9E">Nam ubi <lb/>graue aliquid per &longs;olum prouolutaris / aut exalto cadentem dimi<lb/>seris: & non &longs;ubcor tremuerit locus: aut aquam / expatina / illic <lb/>&longs;tatuta / cri&longs;pantem non reddiderit: nimirum firmitatem i&longs;tic <lb/>polliceri inter petrabimur. </s> <s id="N402FA9">Tu tamen &longs;olidum inuenies non <pb xlink:href="004/01/073.jpg"/>&longs;emper omni in loco: Sed dabitur regio uti e&longs;t apud <expan abbr="Adriã">Adriam</expan> apudque <lb/>Venetias / ubi &longs;ub <expan abbr="cõge&longs;titia">conge&longs;titia</expan> inuenias aliud nihil ferme præter &longs;o<lb/>lutum limum. </s> <s id="N402FBC">Diuer&longs;a igitur tibi erit fundationis ratio / pro <expan abbr="locorũ">lo<lb/>corum</expan> diuer&longs;itate exequenda. </s> <s id="N402FC4">Locorum alius elatus / alius depre&longs;<lb/>&longs;us: alius inter hæc medius / ut puta qui accliuis &longs;it: hic adeo alius <lb/>&longs;iccior et aridior: uti &longs;unt præ&longs;ertim montium iuga et uertices: <lb/>Alius penitus madens et infu&longs;us: uti e&longs;t qui apud mare: apud lacu <lb/>nas et intra <expan abbr="cõualles">conualles</expan> &longs;ub&longs;idat: Alius ita e&longs;t po&longs;itus / ut neque &longs;iccus <lb/>omnino: neque penitus <expan abbr="mad&etilde;s">madens</expan> &longs;empiterne &longs;it: uti natura &longs;ui &longs;unt ac <lb/>cliuia: ut quibus aquæ non per&longs;i&longs;tunt <expan abbr="ĩmotæ">immotæ</expan> et contabe&longs;centes: <lb/>&longs;ed lap&longs;u aliquo per pronum deducuntur. </s> <s id="N402FE1">Nullis locis ilico fiden­<lb/>dum e&longs;t inuento quod ferrum re&longs;puat: po&longs;&longs;et enim id e&longs;&longs;e in cam­<lb/>pe&longs;tri parte ue et infirmum: ex quo maxima iactura et totius ope­<lb/>ris <expan abbr="ruĩa">ruina</expan> olim <expan abbr="cõ&longs;equere&ttilde;">con&longs;equeretur</expan>. </s> <s id="N402FF4">No&longs;que <expan abbr="uidīus">uidimus</expan> <expan abbr="turrĩ">turrim</expan> apud <expan abbr="Mne&longs;tor&etilde;/Venetiarum">Mne&longs;torem / Ve<lb/>netiarum</expan> oppidum / que po&longs;t annos aliquot <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ab&longs;oluta <expan abbr="extitit / põdere">extitit / pon<lb/>dere</expan> &longs;ui perforato cui incumbat &longs;olo / uti res mon&longs;trauit / tenui et <lb/><expan abbr="ĩbecilli">imbecilli</expan> ad <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> u&longs;que propugnacula <expan abbr="ĩmer&longs;um">immer&longs;um</expan> ierit: quo magis <expan abbr="inculpãdi">incul<lb/>pandi</expan> &longs;unt quae <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;olido i&longs;tiu&longs;modi a natura &longs;ub&longs;trato et &longs;ub&longs;tituto <lb/>præcipue ut ferat ædificia: &longs;ed uel macerie <expan abbr="ali&quml;">aliquam</expan> ueteris <expan abbr="ruĩæ">ruinæ</expan> <expan abbr="inu&etilde;ta">inuen<lb/>ta</expan> / non eam quanta et qualis &longs;it funditus per&longs;crutantur: Sed in ea <lb/>præaltos parietes attollunt incon&longs;iderate: et minuendæ impen&longs;æ <lb/>auiditate / omnem ædificationem ultro perdunt. </s> <s id="N403033">Præclare iccirco <lb/>admonentur / ut omnium primi fodiantur putei: Id quidem cum <lb/>cæteras ob res / tum ut aperti&longs;&longs;ime pateat <expan abbr="quãti">quanti</expan> quæque &longs;e&longs;e habeat <lb/>cutis ad opus tolerandum aut <expan abbr="infirmandũ">infirmandum</expan>. </s> <s id="N403044">Accedit quod ad mul<lb/>tas rerum agendarum <expan abbr="cõmoditates">commoditates</expan> et aqua inuenta et quæ <expan abbr="egerãtur">egeran<lb/>tur</expan> conferet. </s> <s id="N403055">Accedit etiam quod hinc adaperta re&longs;piratio a &longs;ubterra<lb/>neis exalationum motibus tutam illæ&longs;amque præ&longs;tabit ædificio fir<lb/>mitatem. </s> <s id="N40305E">Itaque &longs;eu puteo / &longs;eu ci&longs;terna / &longs;eu cloaca / &longs;eu quauis <expan abbr="profũdiore">pro<lb/>fundiore</expan> fo&longs;&longs;ione recognitis quæ &longs;ub terra <expan abbr="latitabãt">latitabant</expan> <expan abbr="cutibus / cõmo">cutibus / commo</expan> <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="elig&etilde;da">eligenda</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;/cui">en / cui</expan> opus <expan abbr="cõmittas">committas</expan>. </s> <s id="N40307C">Tum et elato et <expan abbr="quocũque">quocunque</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> loco: unde <expan abbr="proflu&etilde;s">profluens</expan> <expan abbr="ũda">unda</expan> <expan abbr="cõuellere">conuellere</expan> aut a&longs;portare <expan abbr="quippiã">quippiam</expan> ualeat: <lb/><expan abbr="profundior&etilde;">profundiorem</expan> <expan abbr="oīno">omnino</expan> <expan abbr="īduxi&longs;&longs;e">induxi&longs;&longs;e</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am <expan abbr="cõferet">conferet</expan>. </s> <s id="N4030AD"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> a&longs;&longs;idua <expan abbr="imbriũ">imbrium</expan> ite <lb/>ratione <expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> ip&longs;os ablui / ab&longs;tergi atque perinde <expan abbr="īminui">imminui</expan> inditio <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>: quod <pb xlink:href="004/01/074.jpg"/>extantes &longs;peculæ in dies expeditius ui&longs;untur: quæ interiecto mon<lb/>tis primitus non apparebant. </s> <s id="N4030C8">Maurelius mons qui &longs;upra Floren<lb/>tiam e&longs;t / patrum no&longs;trorum ætate multa uirebat abiete: At nunc <lb/>nudus et a&longs;per relictus e&longs;t / imbrium ni fallor ab&longs;ter&longs;ionibus.</s> </p> <p id="N4030CF" type="main"> <s id="N4030D1">Decliuibus areis iubebat Iunius Columella inferiori a parte et lo<lb/>co pre&longs;&longs;iore fundamenta ordiri au&longs;picaremur: Perite id quidem: <lb/><expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> præter id / quod illic iacta / et præ&longs;tructa admodum &longs;uis co<lb/>aptata locis per&longs;i&longs;tent: qua&longs;i fultura ualida <expan abbr="renit&etilde;tur">renitentur</expan> ad cur&longs;us ea: <lb/>quæ mox &longs;i ædes prolatare libuerit / ad partem &longs;uperiorem appli<lb/>cabuntur: Fiet etiam ut quæ forta&longs;&longs;is uitia &longs;ub&longs;equi ad i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;iones interdum &longs;oleant hyante &longs;olo atque labente / minus te la<lb/>teant: minu&longs;que noceant. </s> <s id="N4030E9">Paludo&longs;is in locis laxam <expan abbr="ada&ptilde;ire">adaperire</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am <lb/><expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit</expan>: fo&longs;&longs;æque latera palis / cratibus / tabula / alga / limo et i&longs;tiu&longs;<lb/>modi rebus munienda hinc atque hinc: ne aqua &longs;ubinsiuat: Mox ex <lb/>haurienda &longs;iqua re&longs;idua intra munitiones ine&longs;t aqua: egerendaque <lb/>harena: abruendu&longs;que luto&longs;us alueus funditus: quoad inuenias ubi <lb/>pes ue&longs;tigio &longs;i&longs;tat. </s> <s id="N4030F9">Idem ip&longs;um &longs;abulo&longs;o in &longs;olo quoad res po&longs;tu<lb/>let faciundum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4030FE">Cæterum omnis fo&longs;&longs;ionis fundum ad libellam <lb/>plane <expan abbr="coequãdum">coequandum</expan> e&longs;t: ne quam in partem u&longs;piam &longs;it decliue / quo <lb/>imponenda coequatis ponderibus collibrentur: Habet enim pon<lb/>dus in &longs;e hoc in&longs;itum et <expan abbr="ĩnatum">innatum</expan>: ut depre&longs;&longs;iora &longs;emper oppetat et <lb/>opprimat. </s> <s id="N403111">Sunt quæ in palu&longs;tribus fieri iubent / &longs;ed magis ad &longs;tru<lb/>cturam <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad fundationis rem <expan abbr="pertineãt">pertineant</expan>: Atqui &longs;ic enim iubent. <lb/></s> <s id="N40311B">Sudium et palorum copiam cacumine præu&longs;to / pede inuer&longs;o ad <lb/>&longs;ublime figito: ut &longs;it operis huius area lata <expan abbr="duplo/&quml;">duplo / quam</expan> futurus e&longs;t <lb/>murus: &longs;intque pali ad muri futuri <expan abbr="altitudinem / lõgi">altitudinem / longi</expan> nihilominus <lb/>una partium ex octo: &longs;intque cra&longs;&longs;i ut ad &longs;ui longitudinem / ita ut <lb/>pars re&longs;pondeat nihil minus duodecima denique conferti configan<lb/>tur quoad ubi plures interfigas aditus non pateat. </s> <s id="N403132"><expan abbr="Configendorũ">Configendorum</expan> <lb/>palorum machinas <expan abbr="uticũque">uticumque</expan> illæ &longs;int habere oportet malleos non <lb/>graui&longs;&longs;imos: &longs;ed crebro ictu incudentes: Nam prægraues <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;int <lb/>pondere <expan abbr="ĩmani">immani</expan> impetuque intolerabili materiam protinus perfrin<lb/>gunt. </s> <s id="N40314C">Crebritas quidem omnem &longs;oli <expan abbr="cõtumaciam">contumaciam</expan> et peruicaciam <lb/>a&longs;&longs;iduitate la&longs;&longs;at et domitat. </s> <s id="N403155">Videre licet ubi <expan abbr="tenu&etilde;">tenuem</expan> uelis duram <pb xlink:href="004/01/075.jpg"/>in materiam <expan abbr="clauũ">clauum</expan> infigere. </s> <s id="N403164">&longs;i malleo utaris graui / non &longs;uccedit: <lb/>&longs;i pu&longs;illo et apto / penetrabit. </s> <s id="N403169">Hæc de fo&longs;&longs;ionibus hactenus: ni&longs;i <lb/>forte illud <expan abbr="add&etilde;dum">addendum</expan> &longs;it / quod interdum aut par&longs;imoniæ gratia / <lb/>aut uitandæ &longs;oli intermedii labilitatis cau&longs;a iuuat non una et con<lb/>tinuata fo&longs;&longs;a opus &longs;olidum perducere: &longs;ed interuallis intermi&longs;&longs;is: <lb/>qua&longs;i pilas tantum aut <expan abbr="colũnas">columnas</expan> po&longs;ituri fundamus: quo inde ab al<lb/>teris ad alteras ductis arcubus / reliquus paries &longs;uperextollatur. <lb/></s> <s id="N40317F">In his eadem <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãda">ob&longs;eruanda</expan> &longs;unt / quæ u&longs;que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan>. </s> <s id="N40318A">Sed quo plus <lb/>oneris in ha&longs;ce impo&longs;iturus &longs;is: eo latiores et obfirmiores &longs;ubigas <lb/>fundationes atque pedamenta oportet.</s> </p> <p id="N403191" type="main"> <s id="N403193">Hactenus de his: <expan abbr="Reliquũ">Reliquum</expan> e&longs;t ut &longs;tructuram aggrediamur. </s> <s id="N40319A">Sed <lb/>cum tota fabri ars ordoque a&longs;truendi pendeat / partim ex <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> na<lb/>tura / et forma / et habitudine: partim ex calcis fulturæque glutino <lb/>atque illigamentis. </s> <s id="N4031A9">De his igitur prius breui&longs;&longs;ime recen&longs;enda &longs;unt <lb/>quæ ad rem <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan>. </s> <s id="N4031B2">Lapidum alii rediuiui et fortes et &longs;ucco&longs;i / qua<lb/>les &longs;unt / silex / marmora / et eiu&longs;modi: quibus innatum e&longs;t ut &longs;int <lb/>graues et &longs;onori: Alii exhau&longs;ti / leues / &longs;urdi: quales &longs;unt tofinei et <lb/>&longs;abulo&longs;i. </s> <s id="N4031BD">Item <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> alii plauis &longs;uperficiebus / rectis lineis / æqua<lb/>libus angulis: quos quadratos <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan>: Alii &longs;uperficiebus / lineis / <lb/>angulis multiplicibus et uariis: quos incertos appellabimus. </s> <s id="N4031CC">Rur<lb/>&longs;us lapides alii prægrandes: hoc e&longs;t quos &longs;ingulos nudæ <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>manus ab&longs;que traha / uecte / rutulo et gerulis et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi agere ad <lb/>arbitrium nequeant: Alii minuti: quos uel una manu tollere collo<lb/>careque po&longs;&longs;is ex &longs;ententia. </s> <s id="N4031DB">Tertii lapides inter i&longs;tos qui pondere <lb/>et magnitudine medii &longs;int / iu&longs;tos appellamus. </s> <s id="N4031E0">Omnem lapidem <lb/>et integrum et minime luto&longs;um et bene madentem e&longs;&longs;e oportet: <lb/>Integer an qua&longs;&longs;atus &longs;it / indicabit &longs;onus quem &longs;ub ictu refert. </s> <s id="N4031E7">Ab<lb/>luetur nullibi purius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="torr&etilde;te">torrente</expan>. </s> <s id="N4031F2">Non penitus <expan abbr="madidũ">madidum</expan> reddi aquis <lb/>ante diem nonum &longs;atis con&longs;tat / qui iu&longs;tus &longs;it lapis: qui autem præ <lb/>grandis / tardius: Nuper exemptus ex fodina / longe ueterano <expan abbr="cõmodior">com<lb/>modior</expan> : Qui &longs;emel calcem expertus &longs;it lapis / &longs;ecunda non amat <lb/>coniugia. </s> <s id="N403205">Hæc de ip&longs;o lapide.</s> </p> <p id="N403208" type="main"> <s id="N40320A">Calcem <expan abbr="quid&etilde;/quæ">quidem / quæ</expan> ex fornace apportata glebis fuerit <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> integris <lb/>&longs;ed re&longs;olutis atque admodum puluerulo&longs;is / reprobant: et ualidam <pb xlink:href="004/01/076.jpg"/>futuram in opus negant: Eam probant / quæ ignibus perpurata <lb/>candicans et leuis et &longs;onora &longs;it: quæ ue cum a&longs;pergas multo crepi<lb/>tu / acrem uaporis uim in altum euomat. </s> <s id="N40321F">Superiori quod <expan abbr="impot&etilde;s">impotens</expan> <lb/>&longs;it / harenæ minus deberi con&longs;tat: At ualidiori huic plus. </s> <s id="N403228">Cato &longs;ta <lb/>tuebat in &longs;ingulos pedes dari calcis modium unum: harenæ duos <lb/>Alii aliter. </s> <s id="N40322F">Vitruuius quidem atque item Plinius / harenas iubent <lb/>admi&longs;ceri: ut &longs;it ad fo&longs;&longs;iceas pars quarta: ad fluuiatiles atque mari<lb/>timas tertia. </s> <s id="N403236">Cæterum ubi pro lapidum natura et qualitate / uti <lb/>mox referemus / materia futura erit / liquidior et mollior / in cer<lb/>niculis harena excipietur. </s> <s id="N40323D">Vbi uero &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior / tunc glarea angula<lb/>ris et fractionum minutalia admi&longs;cebuntur una cum harena ex di<lb/>midia. </s> <s id="N403244">Tertiam &longs;i tun&longs;æ te&longs;tæ partem adieceris affirmant omnes <lb/>futuram multo tenaciorem. </s> <s id="N403249">Tu tamen uticumque mi&longs;cucris / ite<lb/>rum atque iterum &longs;ubigas oportet: ad minutorum u&longs;que corpu&longs;culo<lb/>rum <expan abbr="cõmixtionem">commixtionem</expan>: Et &longs;unt ea de re qui probe <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;cendi">commi&longs;cendi</expan> gratia <lb/>mortariis diutius uer&longs;ant atque intundunt. </s> <s id="N40325A">Et de calce quoque hacte<lb/>nus: Ni forte his quæ diximus / illud de&longs;it: calcem &longs;uis et præ&longs;er<lb/>tim eadem ex fodina / cognitis lapidibus / tenacius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cum exter<lb/>nis coherere.</s> </p> <p id="N403267" type="main"> <s id="N403269">Pedamentis extruendis: hoc e&longs;t fundamentis ad aream u&longs;que <expan abbr="complendis / quidnã">com<lb/>plendis / quidnam</expan> moneant nihil inuenio apud ueteres / præter <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>illud: ut lapidem / qui &longs;ub diuo / uti &longs;upra diximus / biennium ha<lb/>bitus uitium fecerit / fundamentis coniicias. </s> <s id="N403279">Nam ueluti in mi<lb/>litia de&longs;ides et imbelles / qui perferre &longs;olem et puluerem <expan abbr="nequeãt">nequeant</expan>: <lb/>domum ad &longs;uos non &longs;ine nota remittuntur: Sic et i&longs;tic molles et <lb/>eneruatos lapides reiiciunt: ut pri&longs;tino in ocio / a&longs;&longs;uetaque in um<lb/>bra ignobiles conquie&longs;cant: Tam et&longs;i apud hi&longs;toricos a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>in terra comperiam ueteres ponendis pedamentis / omni indu&longs;tria <lb/>et diligentia eniti: ut e&longs;&longs;et illic &longs;tructura / quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;et <lb/>omni ex parte nihilominus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in cætero muro &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N403293">Nice<lb/>rini filius ægyptiorum rex A&longs;ithim / cuius id fuit institutum: ut <lb/>qui ære alieno tenerentur / patris cadauer in pignus darent / <expan abbr="lateritiã">lateri<lb/>tiam</expan> &longs;tructurus pyramidem / fundamentis iaciundis præfixit in pa<lb/>lude trabes: hi&longs;que &longs;uperduxit lateres. </s> <s id="N4032A1">Memoriæ quoque <expan abbr="proditũ">proditum</expan> e&longs;t <pb xlink:href="004/01/077.jpg"/>Cre&longs;iphum optimum illum: qui celeberrimum Dianæ templum <lb/>apud ephe&longs;um a&longs;truxit cum &longs;ibi locum delegi&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="planũ">planum</expan> et emun<lb/>ctum: qui demum a terræ motibus futurus e&longs;&longs;et immunis: princi<lb/>pio / ne lubrico illic atque parum &longs;tabili in &longs;olo / tantæ molis funda<lb/>menta temere collocarentur / &longs;traui&longs;&longs;e aiunt calcatis carbonibus: <lb/>Deinde uelleribus tantum palorum media interualla expleri cro<lb/>berrimo carbone atque <expan abbr="incõculcari / et">inconculcari / et</expan> mox quadrata &longs;uperextendi <lb/>&longs;axa iuncturis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> longi&longs;&longs;imis. </s> <s id="N4032CA">Comperio et apud hyero&longs;olimam <lb/>in fundamentis publicorum operum fui&longs;&longs;e qui lapides ponerent <lb/>longos uigenos: altos non minus denos cubitos. </s> <s id="N4032D1">Verum alibi ex <lb/>perci&longs;&longs;imorum ueterum ampli&longs;&longs;imis operibus aduerti uarium il<lb/>lis fui&longs;&longs;e modum atque in&longs;titutum complendis fundamentis. </s> <s id="N4032DA">Ad <lb/>&longs;epulchrum Antoniorum fragmentis præduri lapidis non maiori<lb/>bus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut manum impleant / natante cemento compleuere. </s> <s id="N4032E1">In foro <lb/>argentario ex cemento omnis generis fractorum &longs;axorum: Apud <lb/>Comitium fru&longs;tis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> glebis ex lapide ignobili &longs;ub&longs;trixere. </s> <s id="N4032E8">Sed hi <lb/>mihi perplacuere: qui apud Tarpeiam imitati naturam &longs;um ope<lb/>re collibus præ&longs;ertim apti&longs;&longs;imo. </s> <s id="N4032EF">Nam ueluti &longs;truendis montibus <lb/>illa &longs;olidis lapidibus molliorem materiam intermi&longs;cet: Sic hi du<lb/>um pedum &longs;ub&longs;trauere opus quadrato <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> potuere integro lapide. <lb/></s> <s id="N4032F9">Huic &longs;uperinfundere quoque duum pedum qua&longs;i pultem cementi<lb/>tiam: Atque &longs;ic deinceps alternis ordinibus lapidum et pulte fun<lb/>damenta oppleuere. </s> <s id="N403300">Alibi cum glarea fo&longs;&longs;ili: tum et item collec<lb/>titio &longs;axo / firmi&longs;&longs;ima uidi a maioribus facta per&longs;tare po&longs;t multas <lb/>ætates opera fundamentorum huiu&longs;modi et &longs;tructuras: Apud Bo<lb/>noniam turris excel&longs;æ atque firmissimæ / cum demoliretur inuenta <lb/>fundamenta &longs;unt infarcita &longs;axo globo&longs;o & creta ad cubito&longs; fer<lb/>me &longs;ex: Cætera deinceps a&longs;tructura erant calce. </s> <s id="N40330D">Itaque uaria in his <lb/>ratio e&longs;t: & quod horum preceteris probem non facile dixerim tam <lb/>ex omni i&longs;torum genere inuenio: quod longe <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imũ">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> & uali<lb/>di&longs;&longs;imum exi&longs;tat: Sed par&longs;imonie <expan abbr="in&longs;eruiendũ">in&longs;eruiendum</expan> &longs;tatuo modo rude<lb/>ra & que putrebilia &longs;int non per fundas: Sunt & alia <expan abbr="pedam&etilde;torum">pedamentorum</expan> <lb/>genera: Vnum quodam porticibus & locis his debetur: Vbi <expan abbr="colũnarum">colum<lb/>narum</expan> ordines con&longs;tituantur: aliud quo maritimis utimur locis: <pb xlink:href="004/01/078.jpg"/>ubi &longs;olidi ad arbitrium captandi &longs;oli certa facultas non pateat. <lb/></s> <s id="N403333">De maritimis tum dicemus / cum de portu et mole intra profun<lb/>dum mare &longs;i&longs;tenda tractabimus: Nam pertinet id quidem non <lb/>ad uniuer&longs;orum ædificiorum opus / de qua re hic loquimur: &longs;ed <lb/>ad propriam urbis partem quandam: de qua una cum aliis &longs;ui ge<lb/>neris tractabimus: cum de publicis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi operibus membra<lb/>tim referemus. </s> <s id="N403342">Ordinibus igitur columnarum complere in ob <lb/>longum fo&longs;&longs;am totam non e&longs;t opus perpetuato &longs;tructuræ ductu: <lb/>&longs;ed columnarum ip&longs;arum primo &longs;edem cubiliaque conuenit obfir<lb/>mare: Hinc ab altero ad alterum / quoadque horum ducendi &longs;unt <lb/>arcus / dor&longs;o in profundum inuer&longs;o: ut ei pro corda &longs;it ex area pla<lb/>nities: Sic enim unum in locum plura hinc atque hinc &longs;uperadiecta <lb/>pondera / minus erunt ad perforandum &longs;olum prompta / arcuum <lb/>fultura i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ob&longs;i&longs;tente. </s> <s id="N403355">Et <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;int columnæ ad &longs;olum perfo<lb/>randum aptæ: et <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> courgeant pre&longs;&longs;entque pondera in eas po&longs;ita / in<lb/>ditio e&longs;t ad nobile Ve&longs;pa&longs;iani templum angulus: qui ad <expan abbr="æ&longs;tiuũ">æ&longs;tiuum</expan> <lb/>occa&longs;um uergit: Nam cum illic uiam publicam / areæ angulo in<lb/>terceptam reddere peruiam uolui&longs;&longs;ent / paulula facta ad inter are<lb/>am diuer&longs;ione forniceque per templi &longs;tructuram adacta: angulum <lb/>ip&longs;um qua&longs;i pilam ad uiæ latus reliquerunt: et confirmarunt ope<lb/>ris &longs;oliditate anteridi&longs;que &longs;ub&longs;idio. </s> <s id="N40336E">At is tandem premente ua&longs;ta <lb/>ædificii mole / et indulgente &longs;olo fecit uitium. </s> <s id="N403373">De his &longs;atis.</s> </p> <p id="N403376" type="main"> <s id="N403378">Iactis fundamentis expeditus in&longs;equitur paries. </s> <s id="N40337B">Hic illud præter <lb/>mi&longs;i&longs;&longs;e nolim: quod cum ad fundamenta complenda / tum ad to<lb/>tos parietes ab&longs;oluendos pertineat: Nam ua&longs;tis quidem in ædifi<lb/>ciis / ubi cra&longs;&longs;ior futura <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> moles e&longs;t ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fuudam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> <expan abbr="mediũ">me<lb/>dium</expan> <expan abbr="&ptilde;">per</expan> opus ad <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> u&longs;que relinquenda &longs;unt aperta extuaria &longs;pira <lb/>mentaque non penitus interrara: Vnde &longs;iquid uaporis concreti et <lb/>coacti &longs;ub tellure moueatur / libere id ab&longs;que ulla &longs;tructuræ perni<lb/>cie profu&longs;e po&longs;&longs;it exalare. </s> <s id="N40339D">Veteres huiu&longs;modi non nullis in locis <lb/>cum i&longs;tius ip&longs;ius rei gratia / tum et <expan abbr="cõmoditatis">commoditatis</expan>: quo in <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> <lb/>opus a&longs;cen&longs;us pateat: tum et forta&longs;&longs;is impen&longs;æ minuendæ cau&longs;a <lb/>&longs;calam cocleam intimum perducebant. </s> <s id="N4033AE">Ad rem redeo. </s> <s id="N4033B1">Inter pe<lb/>damentum atque expeditum parietem hoc intere&longs;t: quod id lateribus <pb xlink:href="004/01/079.jpg"/>fo&longs;&longs;æ coadiutum con&longs;tare &longs;ola pote&longs;t infarctura: hic alter pleri&longs;que <lb/>componitur / uti mox referam partibus. </s> <s id="N4033BC">In pariete primariæ in <lb/>&longs;unt partes: ima quæ ilico &longs;upra fundamenti infarcturam &longs;urgit: <lb/>hanc &longs;i ita licet appellabimus podium &longs;ugge&longs;tum ue: Media quæ <lb/>parietem <expan abbr="circũambit">circumambit</expan> atque amplectitur: hanc procintum dicunt. <lb/></s> <s id="N4033CA">Suprema hoc e&longs;t pars ea quæ ultimum parietis illaqueamentum <lb/>habeat: hanc demum coronam nuncupant. </s> <s id="N4033CF">Sunt et inter prima<lb/>rias parietum partes uel in primis præcipue anguli et in&longs;ertæ con<lb/>ceptæque &longs;eu pilæ / &longs;eu columnæ / &longs;eu quiduis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi: quod qui<lb/>dem &longs;ub&longs;tinendis trabeationibus arcubu&longs;que, tectorum illic colum<lb/>narum &longs;unt loco: quæ omnia appellatione <expan abbr="o&longs;iīum">o&longs;&longs;inum</expan> ueniunt. </s> <s id="N4033DE">Sunt <lb/>et apertionum &longs;tantia hinc atque hinc labra: quæ angulorum <expan abbr="colũnarumque">colum<lb/>narumque</expan> in&longs;imul naturam &longs;apiunt. </s> <s id="N4033E9">Præterea et apertionum tec<lb/>tum hoc e&longs;t &longs;uperliminare / &longs;iue recto &longs;it po&longs;itum trabe: &longs;iue arcu <lb/>ducto ip&longs;a / inter o&longs;&longs;a computabitur: Nam e&longs;&longs;e arcum quidem <lb/>non aliud dicam / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> deflexam trabem: et trabem quid aliud quod in <lb/>tran&longs;uer&longs;um po&longs;itam columnam: Quæ autem inter has primari<lb/>as partes intercurrunt atque extenduntur / recte complementa nun<lb/>cupabuntur. </s> <s id="N4033F8">Vniuer&longs;o etiam in pariete aliquid e&longs;&longs;e quod ip&longs;um <lb/>cunctis / quas hic recen&longs;uimus / partibus conueniat: hoc e&longs;t media <lb/>muri infarcinatio: et gemini hinc atque hinc &longs;eu coria nuncupes: <lb/>&longs;eu cortices: quorum alter extrin&longs;ecos uentos &longs;olemque excipiat: <lb/>alter inte&longs;tinam areæ umbram foueat. </s> <s id="N403403">Sed corticis <expan abbr="infarcinam&etilde;">infarcinamen</expan><lb/><expan abbr="torũque">torunque</expan> inter &longs;e ratio pro &longs;tructuræ uarietate uaria e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N40340F">Structuræ <lb/>genera &longs;unt hæc: ordinarium: <expan abbr="rheticulatũ">rheticulatum</expan>: incertum. </s> <s id="N403418">Et hic illud <lb/>Varronis <expan abbr="nõnihil">non nihil</expan> faciet ad rem: quod refert tu&longs;culanos quidem <lb/>&longs;eptos ad uillas ducere &longs;tructura ex lapide. </s> <s id="N403423">In agro uero gallico <lb/>ex coctilibus lateribus: In &longs;abinis crudo: per hi&longs;panias terra ex <lb/>lapillis compo&longs;ita ædificare. </s> <s id="N40342A">Sed de his po&longs;tea. </s> <s id="N40342D">Ordinaria ea &longs;truc<lb/>tura e&longs;t in qua lapides quadrati / &longs;eu iu&longs;ti / &longs;eu potius prægrandes <lb/><expan abbr="coaugum&etilde;tanrur">coaugumentantur</expan>: ita ut &longs;int &longs;uis lineis ordine ad regulam <expan abbr="libellã">libellam</expan> <lb/>et <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> po&longs;iti: Qua &longs;tructura nulla e&longs;t firmior / nulla <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tantior">con<lb/>&longs;tantior</expan>. </s> <s id="N403447">Rheticulata ea e&longs;t in qua lapides quadrati &longs;eu iu&longs;ti &longs;eu <lb/>potius minuti <expan abbr="ponũtur">ponuntur</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> iacentes in latus / &longs;ed in <expan abbr="angulũ">angulum</expan> &longs;tantes <pb xlink:href="004/01/080.jpg"/>fronte ad regulam et perpendiculum expo&longs;ita. </s> <s id="N40345C">Incerta ea e&longs;t in qua <lb/>lapis incertus ita in&longs;eritur / ut quodque latus quoad per eius lineas li<lb/>cuerit <expan abbr="cõtigui">contigui</expan> lapidis lateribus hæreat ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan>. </s> <s id="N40346B">Huiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="lapidũ">la<lb/>pidum</expan> adiunctionibus in &longs;ilicea <expan abbr="uiarũ">uiarum</expan> &longs;tructura utimur.</s> </p> <p id="N403477" type="main"> <s id="N403479">Cæterum his generibus uariis locis uarie utemur: Nam ad <expan abbr="podiũ">podium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cru&longs;tã">cru&longs;tam</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i quadrato ponemus lapide <expan abbr="prægrãdi">prægrandi</expan> præduro. </s> <s id="N40348D">quod &longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tructurã">&longs;tructuram</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e / uti diximus quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it / <expan abbr="integrã">integram</expan> <lb/>et <expan abbr="&longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imã">&longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> oportet: Et toto ip&longs;o in muro <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;t &longs;oliditate <lb/>firmitateque opus maiore <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> i&longs;tic: Quid <expan abbr="ī">in</expan> unico &longs;i queas lapide: aut <lb/>certe numero <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> firmabis eo: qui ad unius <expan abbr="integritat&etilde;">integritatem</expan> <expan abbr="perpetuitat&etilde;que">perpe<lb/>tuitatemque</expan> &longs;it <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">per quae</expan> proximus. </s> <s id="N4034C4">Prægrandis <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quo <expan abbr="argum&etilde;to">argumento</expan> la<lb/>pis <expan abbr="tracte&ttilde;">tractetur</expan> atque admoueatur: <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> id genus uel maxime ad orna <lb/><expan abbr="mentũ">mentum</expan> &longs;pectat: &longs;uo dicemus loco: Atqui ducito / inquit Cato / ex <lb/>firmo lapide et calce uti &longs;upra <expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> opus extet pedes: <expan abbr="reliquã">reliquam</expan> ue<lb/>ro parietis partem / uel <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> crudo &longs;i libeat latere fieri non uetant. <lb/></s> <s id="N4034EF">Hunc ea ratione hic <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> in promptu e&longs;t: quod guttis <expan abbr="&longs;tillantiũ">&longs;tillantium</expan> ex <lb/>tectis <expan abbr="imbriũ">imbrium</expan> ea parietis pars <expan abbr="abrodi&ttilde;">abroditur</expan>. </s> <s id="N403504">Sed nos <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> ædificia <lb/>repetimus intuemurque / <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alibi pa&longs;&longs;im has recte <expan abbr="conditorũ">conditorum</expan> <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædifi<lb/>ciorum</expan> partes præduro e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;titutas lapide: tum et apud eas gen<lb/>tes / ubi <expan abbr="pluuiarũ">pluuiarum</expan> iniuriam <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="uerean&ttilde;">uereantur</expan>: &longs;ui&longs;&longs;e qui ad <expan abbr="pyramid&etilde;">pyramidem</expan> ro<lb/>tam &longs;ub&longs;trauerint ba&longs;im apud <expan abbr="ægyptũ">ægyptum</expan> nigro lapide præduro: fit <lb/>ut rem latius interpreter: Nam ueluti in ferro ære ac cæteris eiu&longs; <lb/>modi / &longs;i iterato atque iterato <expan abbr="incõtrarias">in contrarias</expan> partes <expan abbr="inflectan&ttilde;">inflectantur</expan> <expan abbr="fati&longs;cũt">fati&longs;cunt</expan>: <lb/>et po&longs;tremo la&longs;&longs;ata <expan abbr="rũpuntur">rumpuntur</expan>: Ita et corpora alternis <expan abbr="offen&longs;iõibus">offen&longs;ionibus</expan> <lb/>lace&longs;&longs;ita maxime <expan abbr="uitian&ttilde;">uitiantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="corrũpun&ttilde;">corrumpuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40355A"><expan abbr="Quã">Quam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> ip&longs;am aduerti <lb/>ex <expan abbr="põtibus">pontibus</expan> præ&longs;ertim ligneis: Nam quæ partes <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> uici&longs;&longs;itu<lb/>dinibus modo &longs;iccæ &longs;olis radio et <expan abbr="uentorũ">uentorum</expan> afflatu: modo <expan abbr="mad&etilde;tes">madentes</expan> <lb/>nocturnis aquæ <expan abbr="uaporatõibus">uaporatonibus</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: eas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> oci&longs;&longs;ime reddi exe&longs;as <lb/>atque penitus cario&longs;as uidemus. </s> <s id="N403588">Ip&longs;um <expan abbr="id&etilde;">idem</expan> licet uidere ex <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> <lb/>partibus his quæ imæ propter <expan abbr="&longs;olũ">&longs;olum</expan> extent: Nam alternis <expan abbr="humorũ">humorum</expan> <lb/>et pulueris <expan abbr="cõtaminatiõibus">contaminationibus</expan> <expan abbr="cõmaceran&ttilde;">commacerantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="abrodũ&ttilde;">abroduntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4035AB">Qua de re <lb/>ip&longs;e &longs;ic &longs;tatuo totius ædificii podium / duro et firmi&longs;&longs;imo et præ <lb/>grandi lapide a&longs;truendum: quo crebris <expan abbr="contrariorũ">contrariorum</expan> offen&longs;ionibus <lb/>tuti&longs;&longs;imum per&longs;eueret: Et duri&longs;&longs;imi quales &longs;int lapides / &longs;it libro <pb xlink:href="004/01/081.jpg"/>&longs;ecundo recen&longs;uimus.</s> </p> <p id="N4035BC" type="main"> <s id="N4035BE">Verum lapides ip&longs;i cum i&longs;tic/ tum et alibi permaxime intere&longs;t <lb/>quo ponantur contextu atque connexu in opere: Nam ueluti ligno <lb/>ita et lapidi in&longs;unt <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> uenæ / tum et nodi / tum et partes aliæ aliis <lb/>imbecilliores: Quin et pandi marmora et contorqueri in promptu <lb/>e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4035CE">Habentur in lapidibus apo&longs;temata et collectiones putris ma<lb/>teriæ: quæ <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> intume&longs;cit aeris inhau&longs;ti / uti puto / humecta<lb/>tione imbibita: ex quo grauiores pu&longs;tulæ et collaceratione <expan abbr="columnarũ">colum<lb/>narum</expan> atque trabium <expan abbr="&longs;equũtur">&longs;equuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4035E2">Quare præterea / quæ de lapide &longs;uo <lb/>loco &longs;uperius tran&longs;egimus: no&longs;&longs;e oportet lapidem creari a natura <lb/>uti uidemus <expan abbr="procũbentem / materia">procumbentem / materia</expan> uti <expan abbr="interpretantur / liqu&etilde;te">interpretantur / liquente</expan> et <lb/>fluxibili: quæ cum &longs;en&longs;im concreuerit et obduruerit: ip&longs;a ma&longs;&longs;a <lb/>primas &longs;uarum partium figuras a&longs;&longs;eruata: Hinc e&longs;t quod in eo infi<lb/>mæ partis corpu&longs;culis / ut puta grauioribus con&longs;tat <expan abbr="maiu&longs;culis/&quml;">maiu&longs;culis / quam</expan> <lb/>&longs;upremæ: et <expan abbr="intercurrũt">intercurrunt</expan> uenæ: prout materia materiæ &longs;uperinfu&longs;a <lb/>et obducta cohæ&longs;it. </s> <s id="N403603">Ea ergo qua uenæ iniaceant / &longs;eu &longs;int illæ qui<lb/>dem primioris materiæ &longs;pumamenta / una cum &longs;uperadductæ mate<lb/>riæ fecibus commixta: Seu quid aliud &longs;unt: quando has ip&longs;as &longs;ic <lb/>di&longs;pares couniri penitus natura non &longs;iuerit: fixilem nimirum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>in lapidem con&longs;tat. </s> <s id="N40360E">Præterea uti ex re ip&longs;a palam atque in promp<lb/>tu e&longs;t <expan abbr="tempe&longs;tatũ/">tempe&longs;tatum /</expan> ut ita loquar / contumelia nequid reconditiora <lb/>p&longs;truemur: <expan abbr="cõpacta">compacta</expan> et <expan abbr="cõcreta">concreta</expan> omnia corpora <expan abbr="conficiũtur / di&longs;&longs;oluũtur">conficiuntur / di&longs;&longs;ol<lb/>uuntur</expan>: Ita et in lapide quæ partes <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;tatibus">tempe&longs;tatibus</expan> perferendis obnoxiæ <lb/><expan abbr="extiterũt">extiterunt</expan>: maceratiores &longs;unt atque putribiliores. </s> <s id="N403633">Quæ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ita &longs;int / <lb/>ponendis lapidibus aduerti&longs;&longs;e iubent / his præ&longs;ertim partibus ædi<lb/>ficii: quas e&longs;&longs;e robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas oportet: ut firmi&longs;&longs;imæ et minime de<lb/>ciduæ lapidum facies contra aduer&longs;arias rerum offen&longs;iones <expan abbr="obiician&ttilde;">obiici<lb/>antur</expan>. </s> <s id="N403645">Ergo <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> in latus uena &longs;tans <expan abbr="collocabi&ttilde;">collocabitur</expan>: ne quid <expan abbr="decru&longs;te&ttilde;">decru&longs;tetur</expan> tem<lb/>pe&longs;tatibus: &longs;ed iacebit pro&longs;ternata: ut pre&longs;&longs;a mole <expan abbr="&longs;upincũbentiũ">&longs;uperincumbentium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> pandat: Et interior quæ in fodina abdita fuerat facies <expan abbr="&longs;i&longs;te&ttilde;">&longs;i&longs;tetur</expan> <lb/>ut extet patula: Succo&longs;ior enim e&longs;t et ualidior. </s> <s id="N403665">Verum nulla to<lb/>lerantior habebitur facies toto in ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o lapide: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ ma&longs;&longs;am <lb/>ip&longs;am non per fodinæ tractum de&longs;ciuerit: Sed quæ tran&longs;uer&longs;am <lb/>iacentis ma&longs;&longs;æ proten&longs;ionem obtruncarit.</s> </p> <pb xlink:href="004/01/082.jpg"/> <p id="N403671" type="main"> <s id="N403673">Anguli in&longs;uper totum per ædificium: quod eos quidem per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ægre<lb/>gie ualidos e&longs;&longs;e oporteat / &longs;tructura <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> &longs;olida <expan abbr="firmãdi">firmandi</expan> &longs;unt. <lb/></s> <s id="N403685"><expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> profecto &longs;i recte interpretor / angulus qui&longs;que totius ædificii <lb/>altera e&longs;t pars: <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> unius <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="uitiũ">uitium</expan> anguli ab&longs;que <expan abbr="duorũ">duorum</expan> <expan abbr="laterũ">laterum</expan> <lb/>iactura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;uccedat. </s> <s id="N4036A7">Quod &longs;i huc &longs;pectes: proculdubio <expan abbr="cõperies">comperies</expan> nul<lb/>la ferme ædificia coepi&longs;&longs;e deficere <expan abbr="aliũde/">aliunde/</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ab anguli alicuius in <lb/>firmitate. </s> <s id="N4036BA">Recte <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ueteres angulos a&longs;&longs;ueuere ponere cra&longs;&longs;iores <lb/>multo <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> parietes: et in <expan abbr="colũnatis">columnatis</expan> porticibus ad angulos firmiora <lb/>adigere <expan abbr="alam&etilde;ta">alamenta</expan>. </s> <s id="N4036D1">Anguli igitur firmitas non eo <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> <expan abbr="de&longs;idera&ttilde;">de&longs;ideratur</expan>: <lb/>quo tectum ferat: e&longs;t enim id <expan abbr="colũnarum">columnarum</expan> opus uel magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="angulorũ">angu<lb/>lorum</expan>: uerum et inprimis quo parietes in officio contineantur: ne a <lb/><expan abbr="&ptilde;pendiculi">perpendiculi</expan> rectitudine ullam in <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> <expan abbr="deflectan&ttilde;">deflectantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4036F1">Ergo habebit is <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> lapides præduros / et <expan abbr="lõgitudine">longitudine</expan> prolixos: ut qua&longs;i brachia <lb/>et ulnæ per coniugatorum parietum proten&longs;ionem inuehantur. <lb/></s> <s id="N403700">Eruntque lati pro parietis cra&longs;&longs;itudine lapides hi: ut nulla &longs;it opus <lb/>media infarcinatione.</s> </p> <p id="N403705" type="main"> <s id="N403707">Similia e&longs;&longs;e angulis o&longs;&longs;a in pariete et <expan abbr="apertionũ">apertionum</expan> latera condecet: <lb/>et eo firmiora / quo maioribus ponderibus forta&longs;&longs;is fuerint &longs;ub&longs;ti<lb/>tuenda. </s> <s id="N403712">Et inprimis oportet manus hoc e&longs;t aliquos hinc atque hinc <lb/>alternis ordinibus lapides promittant / qua&longs;i adminicula ad reli<lb/>qui parietis complementa &longs;ub&longs;tentanda.</s> </p> <p id="N403719" type="main"> <s id="N40371B">Complementi partes &longs;unt / quas uniuer&longs;o parieti <expan abbr="cõicare">conicare</expan> diximus <lb/>cortices et <expan abbr="infarcim&etilde;ta">infarcimenta</expan>. </s> <s id="N403728">Sed <expan abbr="corticũ">corticum</expan> alii extimi: alii e <expan abbr="regiõe">regione</expan> po&longs;iti <lb/>inte&longs;tini. </s> <s id="N403735"><expan abbr="Extimũ">Extimum</expan> &longs;i lapide po&longs;ueris duriore <expan abbr="cõferet">conferet</expan>: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ad <lb/>ædificii <expan abbr="phennitat&etilde;">perhennitatem</expan> alioquin totis <expan abbr="cõplementis">complementis</expan>: opere quo libuerit <lb/>&longs;eu reticulato / &longs;eu incerto induxeris <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> redarguam: modo infe&longs;tis <lb/>et acriter lace&longs;&longs;entibus / &longs;eu &longs;olibus / &longs;eu <expan abbr="uentorũ">uentorum</expan> mole&longs;tiis / &longs;eu <expan abbr="&etilde;t">et</expan> <lb/>ignibus aut pruinis <expan abbr="lapid&etilde;">lapidem</expan> obiicias eum / qui natura &longs;it ad <expan abbr="impetũ">impetum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="mol&etilde;que">molemque</expan> atque iniuriam <expan abbr="tolerandã">tolerandam</expan> ualidi&longs;&longs;imus: Et præ&longs;ertim illic <lb/>ubi ex fi&longs;tulis <expan abbr="tectorũ">tectorum</expan> aut &longs;tillicidiis / maiores <expan abbr="cad&etilde;tes">cadentes</expan> imbres uen<lb/>to <expan abbr="illidan&ttilde;">illidantur</expan>: omnino <expan abbr="adhib&etilde;da">adhibenda</expan> robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima materia e&longs;t: <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> id <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> uetu&longs;tis ædificiis pa&longs;&longs;im uidi&longs;&longs;e liceat <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;modi</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;p&longs;ionũ">a&longs;per&longs;ionum</expan> <lb/>iniuria ip&longs;um marmor / ut &longs;ic loquar / prefre&longs;um atque penitus exe<lb/>&longs;um e&longs;&longs;e: Tam et&longs;i plerique <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> periti architecti / quo huic iniuriæ <pb xlink:href="004/01/083.jpg"/>prouiderent: imbrem a tectis collectum a&longs;&longs;ueuere per impluuia in<lb/>terclu&longs;um diducere atque di&longs;pellere. </s> <s id="N4037A7">Quid illud quod <expan abbr="annotarũt">annotarunt</expan> <lb/>maiores / folia per annuos autumnos &longs;olere parte arboris quæ ad <lb/>hau&longs;trum et meridiem &longs;pectent prius decidere. </s> <s id="N4037B2">Nos aduertimus <lb/>collap&longs;a uetu&longs;tate ædificia omnia coepi&longs;&longs;e ad hau&longs;trum deficere. <lb/></s> <s id="N4037B8">Et cur id eueniat: forta&longs;&longs;is in cau&longs;a e&longs;t / quod &longs;olis ardor et uis / dum <lb/>uirebat opus / <expan abbr="ĩmaturæ">immaturæ</expan> &longs;uccos a&longs;&longs;ump&longs;it calcis. </s> <s id="N4037C1">Adde quod hau&longs;tri<lb/>nis flatibus iterum atque iterum humectatus atque &longs;ubinde &longs;olis <expan abbr="inc&etilde;&longs;ionibus">incen<lb/>&longs;ionibus</expan> inferuefactus paries <expan abbr="cõmaceratus">commaceratus</expan> imputruit. </s> <s id="N4037D0">Ergo his et <lb/>huiu&longs;modi iniuriis apta et ualidi&longs;&longs;ima obiicieda materia e&longs;t.</s> </p> <p id="N4037D5" type="main"> <s id="N4037D7">Illud inprimis ob&longs;eruandum cen&longs;eo: ut coeptos ordines toto &longs;tru<lb/>cturæ ambitu coæquato et minime di&longs;pari ducas: ne quid ad dex<lb/>tram prægrandi: ad &longs;ini&longs;tram uero minuto con&longs;tet lapide. </s> <s id="N4037DE"><expan abbr="Nãquepre&longs;&longs;ari">Namque <lb/>pre&longs;&longs;ari</expan> quidem aiunt &longs;tructuram noui&longs;&longs;imo pondere iniecto: et <lb/>calcem pre&longs;&longs;ione inter &longs;icci&longs;cendum de&longs;i&longs;tere: ex quo per opus la<lb/>cerationes fieri nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4037EA">At corcicem inte&longs;tinum una cum tota <lb/>&longs;ui parietis facie molliore ducas lapide non uetabo. </s> <s id="N4037EF">Sed <expan abbr="quocũqueutare">quocunque <lb/>utare</expan> tam inte&longs;tino <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> extimo tollendus cortex e&longs;t: ut fiet is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ad &longs;uam lineam atque <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> exten&longs;us et perfinitus: Sua erit <lb/>linea quæ ad areæ <expan abbr="circũ&longs;criptionem">circum&longs;criptionem</expan> coæquata re&longs;pondeat: ita ut <lb/>&longs;it ea penitus omni parte &longs;ui <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> tumida / <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> incaua / <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="undo&longs;a / nu&longs;quã">undo&longs;a / nu&longs;quam</expan> non directa et probe coaptata et perfinita. </s> <s id="N403817">Inter <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;truendũ">&longs;truendum</expan> et dum murus uiret &longs;i primam induxeris <expan abbr="harenation&etilde;">harenationem</expan>: <lb/>fiet deinceps ut quam adegeris &longs;eu cru&longs;tam &longs;eu albarium</s> <s id="N403825"> indele<lb/>bile opus præ&longs;tetur.</s> </p> <p id="N40382A" type="main"> <s id="N40382C">Infarcinamentorum duo &longs;unt genera: Vnum quo inter cortices <lb/>ad uacuum quod ine&longs;t cementis conge&longs;tis opplent: Alterum quo <lb/>id lapide non ni&longs;i ordinario: &longs;ed ignobili potius inter&longs;truunt <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/>oppleant. </s> <s id="N403835">Vtrumque par&longs;imoniæ cau&longs;a inuentum apparet: Quan<lb/>do quiuis lapis minutus atque ignobilis huic murorum parti de <lb/>mandatur. </s> <s id="N40383C">Nam &longs;i dabitur ut prægrandis et quadrati lapi <lb/>dis copia &longs;uppeditet : quis aut minuto aut fractitio &longs;ponte ute<lb/>tur lapide : Atqui hac una in re a complementis o&longs;&longs;a ip<lb/>&longs;a differunt: Quod in his media inter cruitas in&longs;arciuntur / <pb xlink:href="004/01/084.jpg"/>fractitio et commutilato quocumque datur lapide / opere prope <lb/>conge&longs;titio et tumultario: In his alteris nulli aut <expan abbr="per&quml;">perquam</expan> modici im<lb/>mi&longs;centur lapides incerti: Sed tota totum id intimum ordinario <lb/>extexunt opere. </s> <s id="N403855">Mallem ad æternitatem plenis ordinibus uniuer<lb/>&longs;um parietem quadrato lapide completum redderent: <expan abbr="Tam&etilde;">Tamen</expan> <expan abbr="qualicũque">qua<lb/>licumque</expan> <expan abbr="uacuũ">uacuum</expan> id inter cortices lapide opplendum in&longs;titueris: quo <lb/>ad res patitur curato ut ductu coæquato librati ordines <expan abbr="cõnectantur">connectan<lb/>tur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40386F">Tum et officii quidem erit ab altero extimo ad alterum <expan abbr="inte&longs;tinũ">inte<lb/>&longs;tinum</expan> corticem / aliquos non penitus interraros ordinarios lapides <lb/>mediam per parietis <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> ad cortices ip&longs;os mutuo <expan abbr="cõnectendos">connecten<lb/>dos</expan> traducere: quo infu&longs;a infarcinamenta &longs;pondas cru&longs;tarum non <lb/>protrudant. </s> <s id="N403885"><expan abbr="Infarcinationũ">Infarcinationum</expan> ductus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruarũt">ob&longs;eruarunt</expan> ueteres una perpe<lb/>tuaque refu&longs;ione attollere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> altiores <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut in quinos quo&longs;que pedes or<lb/>dines &longs;uperextenderent: quo ueluti neruis <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti&longs;que">illigamenti&longs;que</expan> &longs;tructura ar<lb/>ctata <expan abbr="cõcinctaque">concinctaque</expan> redderetur: quo etiam &longs;iquid totam per infarcinati<lb/>onem aliquo aut <expan abbr="fabrorũ">fabrorum</expan> uitio / aut ca&longs;u de&longs;idi&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõperit">comperit</expan>: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ilico <lb/>in &longs;e <expan abbr="reliquorũ">reliquorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;upurgentiũ">&longs;uperurgentium</expan> pondus trahat: Sed habeant &longs;uperiora <lb/>qua&longs;i innouatam ad con&longs;i&longs;tendum ba&longs;im. </s> <s id="N4038BF">Cæterum admonent / <lb/>quod apud omnes ueteres probe ob&longs;eruatum uideo: ne quid maio<lb/>ra inter farciendum &longs;axa inter&longs;erantur: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut libræ pondus comple<lb/>ant: minutiora enim quæ &longs;unt / facilius ueniri atque ad nexuras adæ<lb/>quari <expan abbr="arbitrãtur">arbitrantur</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> prægrandia. </s> <s id="N4038D6">Et faciat ad rem quod apud Plu<lb/>tarcum de Mino rege traditur: Nam is quidem cum plebem per <lb/>artes diuideret: &longs;ic cen&longs;ebat corpus omne quo magis minutas diui <lb/>&longs;um in partes &longs;it: eo facilius ad arbitrium tractari atque coæquari. <lb/></s> <s id="N4038E0">Illud non negligendum puto: quod caua omnia comple&longs;&longs;e / et ni<lb/>hil u&longs;piam interuacuum reliqui&longs;&longs;e oportet / cum cæteras ob res / <lb/>tum ob id ne i&longs;tuc animantia ingrediantur: quæ nidificatu et con<lb/>ge&longs;tis &longs;ordibus atque &longs;eminibus caprificos per murum excitent. <lb/></s> <s id="N4038EA">Dictu incredibile quantas lapidum moles / et quas congeries com<lb/>motas una e&longs;&longs;e arboris radice uiderim. </s> <s id="N4038EF"><expan abbr="Illigãda">Illiganda</expan> <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> et <expan abbr="cõplenda">complenda</expan> <lb/>quæ con&longs;truas omnia diligenter &longs;unt.</s> </p> <p id="N4038FF" type="main"> <s id="N403901">Inter procinctus aliqui præterea nexus lapidum maiorum <expan abbr="inducũtur">indu<lb/>cuntur</expan>: qui et cru&longs;tas exteriores cru&longs;tis interioribus: et o&longs;&longs;a etiam <pb xlink:href="004/01/085.jpg"/>ossibus illaqueata reddant: quales hi &longs;unt / quos in pedes quinos <lb/>inter&longs;erendos diximus. </s> <s id="N40390F">Alii uero et hi <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> primarii procinctus <lb/>&longs;unt: qui angulorum <expan abbr="prehendendorũ/">prehendendorum /</expan> operi&longs;que detinendi gratia / <lb/>per totam parietis longitudinem perducuntur: Sed hi po&longs;tremi ra<lb/>riores adhibentur: et unico in pariete <expan abbr="plus&qtilde;">plusquam</expan> binos aut <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> tris <lb/>me <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> uidi&longs;&longs;e memini: <expan abbr="Eorũque">Eorumque</expan> &longs;itus &longs;ede&longs;que primaria e&longs;t: ut <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ummũ">&longs;ummum</expan> parietis ueluti corona / immunem frequentioribus illis in <lb/>nexuris æqui inpedes quinos fiunt: Lapides &longs;i aderunt tenuiores <lb/>non dedecebit.</s> </p> <p id="N40393B" type="main"> <s id="N40393D">In his uero alteris / quas coronas <expan abbr="nũcupamus">nuncupamus</expan>: quo et rariores illæ <lb/>quidem &longs;unt / et plus habent negocii: eo robu&longs;tiores et cra&longs;&longs;iores <lb/>appo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e lapides <expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit</expan>. </s> <s id="N40394C">In utri&longs;que &longs;uo in genere longi&longs;&longs;imi et <lb/>lati&longs;&longs;imi et firmi&longs;&longs;imi de&longs;iderantur. </s> <s id="N403951">Sed ita <expan abbr="collocabũtur">collocabuntur</expan> mino<lb/>res illi: ut una cum cæteris parietis corticibus ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> et <lb/>regulam <expan abbr="cõueniant">conueniant</expan>. </s> <s id="N403964">Hi uero alteri coronas imitati frontis proiec<lb/>tura prominebunt. </s> <s id="N403969"><expan abbr="Ponũturque">Ponunturque</expan> lapides i&longs;tiu&longs;modi prælongi et ad <lb/>modum lati ad libellam / et ordinibus bene <expan abbr="cõnectuntur">connectuntur</expan>: ut qua&longs;i <lb/>&longs;uperaddito pauimento &longs;ubin&longs;tructa <expan abbr="operian&ttilde;">operiantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40397B">Lapidum i&longs;tic nexu<lb/>ra e&longs;t: <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> noui&longs;&longs;imus qui&longs;que nunc &longs;uperin&longs;ternatur lapis: ita in iam <lb/>tum &longs;ub&longs;tratos <expan abbr="coagmenta&ttilde;">coagmentatur</expan> et <expan abbr="cõcinna&ttilde;">concinnatur</expan>: ut in <expan abbr="duorũ">duorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;titutorũ">&longs;ub&longs;titutorum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõmi&longs;&longs;uram/æquata">commi&longs;&longs;uram / æquata</expan> et collibrata exten&longs;ione medius accumbat. <lb/></s> <s id="N40399C">Quæ <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> nexura uniuer&longs;a in &longs;tructura minime negligenda <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>&longs;it: cum e&longs;t eadem in procinctibus huiu&longs;modi maiorem in <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãda">ob&longs;eruanda</expan>. </s> <s id="N4039B2">Aduerti reticulatis operibus ueteres a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="procinctũ">procin<lb/>ctum</expan> inducere: ut <expan abbr="cõ&longs;taret">con&longs;taret</expan> ordinibus <expan abbr="laterculorũ">laterculorum</expan> quinque: aut nihilo <lb/>paucioribus tribus: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> e&longs;&longs;ent cum cæteri / tum ad minus ordo <lb/>unus lapide po&longs;itus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cra&longs;&longs;iore <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cæteri illic iuncti: &longs;ed <expan abbr="lõgiore">longiore</expan> <lb/>atque latiore. </s> <s id="N4039D8">Ordinariis uero in&longs;tructuris lateritiis uidimus quo&longs;que <lb/>in pedes quinos <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti">illigamenti</expan> loco fui&longs;&longs;e uno <expan abbr="cõtentos">contentos</expan> ordine lateris <lb/>perampli bipedalis. </s> <s id="N4039E7">Vidimus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> quod laminas <expan abbr="plũbeas">plumbeas</expan> <expan abbr="prælõgas">prælongas</expan> pa<lb/>rietibusque pares <expan abbr="latitudĩe">latitudine</expan> <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti">illigamenti</expan> gratia <expan abbr="ĩter&longs;par&longs;erit">inter&longs;par&longs;erit</expan>. </s> <s id="N403A04"><expan abbr="Verũ">Verum</expan> in <lb/>lapide <expan abbr="prægrãdi">prægrandi</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;tru&etilde;do">a&longs;truendo</expan> procinctu rariore uel qua&longs;i &longs;olis coronis <expan abbr="cõt&etilde;tos">con<lb/>tentos</expan> uideo. </s> <s id="N403A1D"><expan abbr="Incorõis">In coronis</expan> <expan abbr="ab&longs;olu&etilde;dis">ab&longs;oluendis</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;do">quando</expan> hæ quoque <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;ima <lb/><expan abbr="recĩgũt">recingunt</expan> nexura: neglexi&longs;&longs;e nihil oportet <expan abbr="eorũ">eorum</expan> que hactenus de pro<pb xlink:href="004/01/086.jpg"/>cinctu ip&longs;o diximus: ut in his nulli ni&longs;i prælongi et admodum <lb/>lati&longs;&longs;imi et omnium firmi&longs;&longs;imi lapides imitantur: coaptenturque <lb/>nexura continuata et recte compacta / ordinibus ad libellam exac<lb/>tis: et pro cuiu&longs;que ratione ad regulam redactis et coæquatis. </s> <s id="N403A42">Eoque <lb/>maiorem i&longs;tic curam et diligentiam adhibeas / ip&longs;a res po&longs;tulat: <lb/>quo et percingunt opus coronæ ip&longs;o loco labiliore: Et tecti præ<lb/>terea munus &longs;uos in parietes obtinent. </s> <s id="N403A4B">Hinc e&longs;t quod aiunt late<lb/>ritiis parietibus crudis te&longs;taceam coronam adigito: ne &longs;iquid ex <lb/>&longs;ummo tecto aut &longs;tillicidiis impluat / officiat: Sed protectura <lb/>tueantur. </s> <s id="N403A54">Ea de re adeo in omni reliquo pariete quouis ob&longs;eruan <lb/>dum e&longs;t: ut ei pro tecto bene ob&longs;tructa &longs;tet corona ad omnem im<lb/>brium iniuriam refellendam.</s> </p> <p id="N403A5B" type="main"> <s id="N403A5D">Rur&longs;us con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet / quo fultu / quibus ue adminiculis la<lb/>pides plurimi una in parietis &longs;oliditatem cogantur atque contine<lb/>antur. </s> <s id="N403A64">Con&longs;ideranti nimirum &longs;e&longs;e offert: ut in primis ad i&longs;tam <lb/>rem opus e&longs;&longs;e calce intuear: tam et&longs;i non omnem lapidem calce <lb/>iungendum &longs;tatuam. </s> <s id="N403A6B">Marmora enim contactu calcis non modo <lb/>candorem amittunt: uerum etiam ob&longs;cenis maculis cruoris deho<lb/>ne&longs;tantur: Tantaque in marmore ine&longs;t candoris &longs;uperbia: ut uix <lb/>alium po&longs;&longs;it perferre <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ip&longs;um &longs;e. </s> <s id="N403A78">Quid putes? </s> <s id="N403A7B">fumos dedigna<lb/>tur: oleo illibutum palle&longs;cit: nigro infu&longs;um uino lute&longs;cit: aqua <lb/>ex materia ca&longs;taneæ perducta fu&longs;catur intimum atque inficitur: ut <lb/>ne abradendo quidem i&longs;tarum rerum notæ deleantur. </s> <s id="N403A84">Hinc uete<lb/>res nuda in opus marmora / nullo calcis illinimento obducto quo <lb/>ad poterant adigebant. </s> <s id="N403A8B">Sed de his po&longs;tea.</s> </p> <p id="N403A8E" type="main"> <s id="N403A90">Nunc quando ad periti fabri officium pertinet / non tam &longs;eligere <lb/>commodiora / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> apte accommodateque / uti his quæ &longs;uppeditent: <lb/>rem nos &longs;ic pro&longs;equemur. </s> <s id="N403A97">Calcem intelliges excoctam e&longs;&longs;e u&longs;que <lb/>ut probes: quæ infu&longs;a et inde po&longs;t feruorem extincta / &longs;pumam <lb/>lactis imitata &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;citãs">&longs;u&longs;citans</expan> totis glebis tumuerit. </s> <s id="N403AA2"><expan abbr="Nõ">non</expan> &longs;atis <expan abbr="cõmaceratæ">commace<lb/>ratæ</expan> <expan abbr="indiciũ">indicium</expan> <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> calculi <expan abbr="ĩterharenãdũ">interharenandum</expan> offen&longs;i. </s> <s id="N403ABA">Plus forte &longs;i admi<lb/>&longs;cueris harenæ <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> par &longs;it / a&longs;peritate &longs;ui <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> coherebit: Sin <expan abbr="aũt">aut</expan> minus <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> eius natura et uis ferat: qua&longs;i ui&longs;cus lentitudine improba re&longs;ti<lb/>tabit ægreque ob&longs;equetur. </s> <s id="N403AD2">Calcem non u&longs;que quoque maceratam / <pb xlink:href="004/01/087.jpg"/>atque alioquin imbecilliorem indemnius committes fundamentis <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cætero parieti: et inter farcinamenta <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in cru&longs;tis. </s> <s id="N403ADB">Ab angulis <lb/>uero et o&longs;&longs;ibus præcinctibu&longs;que / procul abigenda e&longs;t omnis calx: <lb/>in qua uel minima in&longs;it menda: et præ&longs;ertim arcubus fidi&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>intermi&longs;cenda e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N403AE4">Anguli / o&longs;&longs;a / procinctus / coronæ / harenam <lb/><expan abbr="tenuiorem / graciliorem / purioremq;">tenuiorem / graciliorem / purioremque</expan> exigunt: præ&longs;ertim ubi ter<lb/>&longs;o ducantur lapide. </s> <s id="N403AEE">Infarctinamenta glandulo&longs;iorem non re&longs;pu<lb/>ent materiam. </s> <s id="N403AF3">Lapis arens natura et &longs;itiens / fluuiatili cum hare<lb/>na non pe&longs;&longs;ime conueniet. </s> <s id="N403AF8">Madens natura lapis et humectus / ha<lb/>renas fo&longs;&longs;iceas adamabit: ad hau&longs;trum nolim &longs;umptam ex mari <lb/>harenam obiicias: &longs;eptemtriones ad uentos forta&longs;&longs;is commodius <lb/>exponetur. </s> <s id="N403B03">Minuto cuique lapidi materia debetur &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior: Sicco <lb/>et exhau&longs;to cra&longs;&longs;ior: <expan abbr="Quãuis">Quamuis</expan> uniuer&longs;a in a&longs;tructione ueteres cra&longs;<lb/>&longs;iorem pultem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi tenaciorem putent <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> tenuem. </s> <s id="N403B0E">Præ <lb/>grandes lapides non ni&longs;i per liquentem et fluxibilem materiem <lb/>fulcturæ ex arbitrio recumbunt: ut forte magis lubricandi cubi<lb/>lis gratia: quo &longs;unt illi quidem dum coaptantur &longs;ub manu ad mo<lb/>tum faciles / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> conglutinandi cau&longs;a / huiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e inducta mate<lb/>ries uideatur. </s> <s id="N403B1B">Atqui omnino plurimum conferet aliquid molle <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi et leuigatum cubile &longs;ubmittere: Quo fiat ut lapides <lb/>iniquo &longs;ub pondere laborantes non defringantur. </s> <s id="N403B22">Sunt qui ubi <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;im ex ueterum operibus prægrandes intueantur lapides / me<lb/>diis iuncturis illibutos rubrica / u&longs;os interpretentur ea pro calce: <lb/>Id mihi non fit ueri&longs;imile: uel maxime ea re / quod non utra&longs;que ad <lb/>iunctionis &longs;up&longs;icies / &longs;ed tantum alteram illibutam uideam.</s> </p> <p id="N403B2D" type="main"> <s id="N403B2F">E&longs;t etiam circa parietes quippiam: quod neglexi&longs;&longs;e non conferat. <lb/></s> <s id="N403B33">Nequod enim præcipi ti fe&longs;tinantia et tumultuaria manu e&longs;t paries <lb/>coaceruandus/ opera nu&longs;quam intermi&longs;&longs;a: Neque per &longs;egnitiem <lb/>de&longs;idio&longs;am / qua&longs;i inuitus ædifices / coepto e&longs;t opere procra&longs;tinan <lb/>dum: Sed pro&longs;equi rem oportet modo et ratione: in qua &longs;it celeri<lb/>tas coniuncta cum con&longs;ilii et diligentiæ maturitate.</s> </p> <p id="N403B3E" type="main"> <s id="N403B40">Altius attolli opus uetant periti: ni&longs;i pars hactenus exacta du<lb/>ruerit: Nam recens et molle opus / impotens et re&longs;olubile <pb xlink:href="004/01/088.jpg"/>cum &longs;it / quæ &longs;upera&longs;truxeris <expan abbr="nequaquã">nequaquam</expan> perferet. </s> <s id="N403B4D">Videre quidem <lb/>licet / hyrundines natura edoctos cum nidificent / primas illu<lb/>tationes ad tigna: quæ quidem pro fundamentis et radice operis <lb/>&longs;unt: atque item his primis proximas <expan abbr="agge&longs;tiões">agge&longs;tiones</expan> apponere <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> <lb/>temere: &longs;ed opere intermi&longs;&longs;o / mature &longs;en&longs;imque a&longs;truere: quoad <lb/>primordia operis firmitudinem con&longs;ecuta &longs;int. </s> <s id="N403B62">Durui&longs;&longs;e calcem <lb/>&longs;tatuunt / cum lanuginem flo&longs;culo&longs;que fabris cognitos de&longs;uda: it. <lb/></s> <s id="N403B68">Quot in pedes inter calandum &longs;it ip&longs;a muri cra&longs;&longs;itudo / et loci et <lb/>coeli temperies admonebit. </s> <s id="N403B6D">Vbi duxeris intercalandum operito <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> opus &longs;trumentis: ne uento et &longs;ole &longs;uccus materiae hau&longs;tus <lb/>euane&longs;cat: potius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="att&etilde;porato">attemporato</expan> &longs;icce&longs;cat et cohere&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N403B7D">Vbi opus <lb/>re&longs;ump&longs;eris / pura iterum atque iterum aqua infundito / quoad pro<lb/>be immade&longs;cat: Et pulueres ne quid caprificibus gignundis <expan abbr="fom&etilde;ta">fomen<lb/>ta</expan> relinquantur / poenitus abluantur. </s> <s id="N403B8A">Nihil e&longs;t quod opus ad &longs;o<lb/>liditatem &longs;tabilitatemque magis confirmet: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> abundanti lapidem <lb/><expan abbr="cõmadefeci&longs;&longs;e">commadefeci&longs;&longs;e</expan> aqua. </s> <s id="N403B98">Madidum negant lapidem e&longs;&longs;e / qui &longs;i dif<lb/>fregeris / non tota &longs;it facie intima infu&longs;us et nigricans. </s> <s id="N403B9D">Adde his <lb/>quod inter a&longs;truendum in &longs;ingulis locis / quibus ad uarios ædificii <lb/>u&longs;us et uoluptates / de&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e qui&longs;piam nouas apertiones po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>per parietis ductum inter extexendis arcus e&longs;t: quo po&longs;tea inde <lb/>&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;us paries / tutam et connatam habeat quie&longs;cendi &longs;edem ar<lb/>cum. </s> <s id="N403BAA">Neque dici pote&longs;t / uti unico interdum &longs;ubdempto ex parie<lb/>te lapillo / tota &longs;tructuræ uis et nerui labefactentur. </s> <s id="N403BAF">Et profecto <lb/>a&longs;&longs;equemur <expan abbr="nunquã/ut">nunquam / ut</expan> ueteratis &longs;tructuris nouæ applicentur: ita <lb/>ut non continuo inter &longs;e di&longs;cidium faciant: Et eam ob cicatricem <lb/>debilitatus <expan abbr="paries/&qtilde;">paries / quae</expan> reddatur ad ruinam promptus / non e&longs;t ut re<lb/>feram. </s> <s id="N403BC2">Cra&longs;&longs;us paries armamenta non po&longs;tulat: quando fabris la<lb/>titudine &longs;ui præ&longs;tet: ut a&longs;truendo con&longs;i&longs;tant.</s> </p> <p id="N403BC7" type="main"> <s id="N403BC9">Diximus de legitimo a&longs;truendi genere: quo quidem lapide <expan abbr="attolla&ttilde;">attol<lb/>latur</expan> et <expan abbr="duratũ">duratum</expan> <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan> calce. </s> <s id="N403BD9">Sed <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;int <expan abbr="captãdi">captandi</expan> lapidis genera alia <lb/>quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> calce &longs;ed luto &longs;tent <expan abbr="ĩterlita">interlita</expan>: et alia quæ lapidibus nullo ful<lb/>ta glutino <expan abbr="coapten&ttilde;">coaptentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N403BF4">Et &longs;ine præterea alia <expan abbr="ædificãdi">ædificandi</expan> genera: quæ <lb/>&longs;ola <expan abbr="ĩfarctura">infarctura</expan>: et alia quæ &longs;olis <expan abbr="fiman&ttilde;">firmantur</expan> corticibus: et <expan abbr="huiu&longs;mõi">huiu&longs;modi</expan> bre<lb/>ui&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="trã&longs;igemus">tran&longs;igemus</expan>. </s> <s id="N403C0D"><expan abbr="Lapid&etilde;">Lapidem</expan> quem <expan abbr="illinia&ttilde;">illiniatur</expan> <expan abbr="terra / cũ">terra / cum</expan> <expan abbr="quadratũ/tum">quadratum / tum</expan> et <pb xlink:href="004/01/089.jpg"/>maxime arentem e&longs;&longs;e oportet: eamque ad rem nihil e&longs;t <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> <lb/>latere &longs;eu cocto &longs;eu potius crudo bene ex&longs;iccato. </s> <s id="N403C29">Paries crudo du<lb/>ctus latere ualitudini <expan abbr="habitantiũ">habitantium</expan> aptus: et contra ignes tuti&longs;&longs;imus <lb/>cum &longs;it: tum et terræ motibus non multo commouetur: Sed idem <lb/>ni fiat <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;ior / cõtignationes">cra&longs;&longs;ior / contignationes</expan> non tolerat: Hinc pilas iubebat Ca<lb/>to inter&longs;trui lapideas: quibus trabeamenta &longs;ub&longs;tituerentur. </s> <s id="N403C3C"><expan abbr="Limũ">Limum</expan> <lb/>quo fulcias / &longs;unt qui e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optãt">optant</expan> bitumini per&longs;imilem: et e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optimũ">optimum</expan> <lb/>arbitrantur eum: qui <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;us">immi&longs;&longs;us</expan> aqua lente di&longs;&longs;oluitur: qui de manu <lb/>ægre abluatur: qui longe den&longs;etur cum &longs;icce&longs;cat: Alii <expan abbr="harenariũ">harenarium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="præferũt">præferunt</expan>: quia ductibilior &longs;it. </s> <s id="N403C5D">Ve&longs;tire oportet opus hoc cru&longs;tula <lb/>extrin&longs;ecus ex calce: interius &longs;i libet gyp&longs;o /aut etiam creta <expan abbr="arg&etilde;taria">argen<lb/>taria</expan> : Ea ut cohære&longs;cat aptius inter <expan abbr="cõpon&etilde;dum">componendum</expan> te&longs;tacea &longs;unt frag<lb/>menta / rimulis iuncturarum &longs;par&longs;im inter&longs;erenda: quæ ueluti <expan abbr="d&etilde;ticuli">den<lb/>ticuli</expan> promineant: ut eis cru&longs;tula firmius <expan abbr="cõtineatur">contineatur</expan>.</s> </p> <p id="N403C78" type="main"> <s id="N403C7A">Nudum lapidem cum quadratum e&longs;&longs;e oportet: tum et præ aliis <lb/>grandem atque etiam &longs;olidum et <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imũ">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: Hic nulla infarcina<lb/>menta / æquati&longs;&longs;imi ordines / perpetua nexura exigitur: crebraque <lb/>debentur an&longs;arum <expan abbr="clauiculorũque">clauiculorumque</expan> illigamenta. </s> <s id="N403C8B">An&longs;æ &longs;unt quibus <lb/>æquate appo&longs;iti lapides binatim iungantur: et continuatum in or<lb/>dinem couniantur. </s> <s id="N403C92">Clauiculi &longs;unt qui inferiores et una &longs;uperiores <lb/>in lapides infixi <expan abbr="cau&etilde;t">cauent</expan> ne quid forte protru&longs;i ordines alteri ab alte <lb/>ris di&longs;trahantur. </s> <s id="N403C9D">An&longs;as clauiculo&longs;que fen eos non reprobant. </s> <s id="N403CA0">Sed <lb/>nos ex ueterum operibus intelleximus ferrum <expan abbr="corrũpi">corrumpi</expan> et <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> <lb/>durare: æs uero durare et prope æternum e&longs;&longs;e: Quin et ferri rubi<lb/>gine marmora <expan abbr="cõmacerari">commacerari</expan> et <expan abbr="circũrumpi">circumrumpi</expan> aduerti. </s> <s id="N403CB9"><expan abbr="Vi&longs;un&ttilde;">Vi&longs;untur</expan> et lig<lb/>neæ an&longs;æ lapidibus <expan abbr="uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorũ">uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorum</expan> operum inter&longs;ertæ: quas ego <lb/>ferreis haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquam</expan> <expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&etilde;das">po&longs;tponendas</expan> duco: æreæ ferreæque an&longs;æ plumbo <lb/>firmantur: ligneæ &longs;at firmæ &longs;unt &longs;uapte forma: quæ &longs;ic dolantur <lb/>ut &longs;imilitudinis gratia caudæ hirundineæ <expan abbr="nũcupentur">nuncupentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N403CD7">In&longs;erendæ <lb/>an&longs;æ &longs;unt ita ut imbrium &longs;tillæ ad eas uitiandas non penetrent. <lb/></s> <s id="N403CDF">æneas contra uetu&longs;tatem firmari putant / &longs;i dum conflantur trige<lb/>&longs;ima &longs;tagni pars immi&longs;ceatur: Rubiginem minus uerebuntur / &longs;i <lb/>bitumine aut etiam oleo perungantur. </s> <s id="N403CE6">Ferrum ceru&longs;a gyp&longs;o <lb/>et liquida pice temperari / ne rubiginem &longs;entiat / affirmant. <pb xlink:href="004/01/090.jpg"/>An&longs;æ ligneæ cera pura et amurca illibutæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="putre&longs;cũt">putre&longs;cunt</expan>: <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>liquentis plumbi et admodum <expan abbr="feru&etilde;tis/">feruentis /</expan> ad captas an&longs;arum quod in <lb/>fuderint lapides &longs;ubcrepui&longs;&longs;e uideo.</s> </p> <p id="N403D03" type="main"> <s id="N403D05">Sola et infarctura ductos pa&longs;&longs;im inuenies in ueterum & aedificiis pa<lb/>rietes <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">per quos</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;imos. </s> <s id="N403D0E">Hi <expan abbr="ducũtur">ducuntur</expan> <expan abbr="qu&etilde;admodum">quemadmodum</expan> et terrei: qui<lb/>bus Africa et hi&longs;pania utebatur / duabus utrinque &longs;eu <expan abbr="tabularũ">tabularum</expan> &longs;eu <lb/><expan abbr="craticiorũ">craticiorum</expan> &longs;pondis adactis / quæ pro cru&longs;tis <expan abbr="ad&longs;t&etilde;t">ad&longs;tent</expan> quoad infu&longs;um <lb/>opus duruerit. </s> <s id="N403D2A">Sed in hoc differunt / quod hic cementitiam pultem <lb/>prope undantem infundunt: illic terram lento&longs;am humectatione <lb/>et &longs;ubactione redditam ductibilem inculcant pede et planetoriis <lb/>uectibus. </s> <s id="N403D33">I&longs;tic etiam pro nexura in pedes trinos qua&longs;i <expan abbr="ruderam&etilde;ta">ruderamenta</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="in&longs;ternũt">in&longs;ternunt</expan> maiu&longs;culos lapides pre&longs;ertim ordinarios: aut etiam fra<lb/>ctitios angulares: Nam globo&longs;us et&longs;i contra iniurias plane &longs;it for<lb/>tis: ni&longs;i tamen multa deuinctus erit &longs;uffragatione: in omni &longs;truc<lb/>tura longe <expan abbr="infidel&etilde;">infidelem</expan> habebit &longs;e. </s> <s id="N403D49">Illic uero terreis Africæ parietibus <lb/>&longs;partum aut <expan abbr="maritimũ">maritimum</expan> iuncum luto <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;cent / opus">immi&longs;cent / opus</expan> ductu mirabi<lb/>le: quod uentis et imbribus incorruptum duret. </s> <s id="N403D58">Ad Plinii <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <lb/>turres et &longs;peculæ terrenæ iugis <expan abbr="montiũ">montium</expan> impo&longs;itæ / u&longs;que ad Hanni<lb/>bale &longs;pectabantur.</s> </p> <p id="N403D67" type="main"> <s id="N403D69">Solas inducimus cru&longs;tulas / ut &longs;ic eas potius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cortices appellem: <lb/>craticiis atque &longs;toriis ex harundine non recentibus opus illiberale: <lb/>Sed quo pa&longs;&longs;im uetus romana plebs uteretur. </s> <s id="N403D74"><expan abbr="Illiniũtur">Illiniuntur</expan> crates lu<lb/>to una cum paleis triduo &longs;ubacto: po&longs;t ue&longs;tiuntur / uti mox dixi / <lb/>calce aut etiam gyp&longs;o: <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> pictura &longs;ignis ue hone&longs;tantur. </s> <s id="N403D82">Gyp<lb/>&longs;o &longs;i te&longs;tam tun&longs;am ex tertia immi&longs;cueris / a&longs;peruginem nimis uere<lb/>bitur: Calce <expan abbr="ĩmixtum">immixtum</expan> maiorem in modum inuale&longs;cit: in humido <lb/>pruina et gelu / gyp&longs;um omnino inutile e&longs;t.</s> </p> <p id="N403D8F" type="main"> <s id="N403D91">Re&longs;tat ut qua&longs;i epilogum / legem referam apud architectos uetu<lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imam: quam pro oraculo ob&longs;eruandam &longs;tatuo: ea e&longs;t huiu&longs;mo<lb/>di: Muro ba&longs;im &longs;ubigito firmi&longs;&longs;imam: &longs;uperiora inferioribus me <lb/>dio centro ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> re&longs;pondeant / ponito: Angulos o&longs;&longs;aque <lb/>parietum ab &longs;olo in &longs;ublime robu&longs;tiore lapide obfirmato: Calcem <lb/><expan abbr="cõmacerato">commacerato</expan>: Lapidem in opus ni&longs;i <expan abbr="mad&etilde;tem">madentem</expan> ponito: infe&longs;tis offen<lb/>&longs;oribus duriorem obicito. </s> <s id="N403DAB">Structuram ad regulam et libellam et <pb xlink:href="004/01/091.jpg"/>perpendiculum ducito: <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;&longs;uras">commi&longs;&longs;uras</expan> <expan abbr="antecedentiũ">antecedentium</expan> medii deinceps <lb/>lapides obtineant curato. </s> <s id="N403DBC">Integros ordinibus exponito: medium <lb/><expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> refractis farcito: <expan abbr="ordĩes">ordines</expan> ordinibus crebris traductis <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> <lb/>nexuris coadiugato. </s> <s id="N403DCE">Hactenus de pariete. </s> <s id="N403DD1">Venio ad <expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan>.</s> </p> <p id="N403DD8" type="main"> <s id="N403DDA">Sed nolim illud præterii&longs;&longs;e: cuius <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> apud ueteres <expan abbr="maior&etilde;">maiorem</expan> <lb/>in modum ob&longs;eruata intelligo. </s> <s id="N403DE7">Sunt in rerum natura / quibus pro<lb/>culdubio ine&longs;t uis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;pern&etilde;da">a&longs;pernenda</expan>: <expan abbr="laurũ">laurum</expan> <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;">arborem</expan>: <expan abbr="aqlã">aquilam</expan> <expan abbr="alit&etilde;">aliter</expan> <expan abbr="uitulũquemaritimũ">uitulumque <lb/>maritimum</expan> pi&longs;cem aiunt fulgura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> petere: Hæc &longs;i operi interlu<lb/>dantur: &longs;unt qui forta&longs;&longs;e putent futurum intactum fulminibus et <lb/>immune. </s> <s id="N403E14">Equidem id ego æque po&longs;&longs;e uideor &longs;perare: atque illud <lb/>et dere quod aiunt ranam <expan abbr="rubetã">rubetam</expan> fictili inclu&longs;am medioque defo&longs;<lb/>&longs;am agro / arcere alites ab &longs;ementis. </s> <s id="N403E1F">Et o&longs;trim <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;/&longs;i">arborem / &longs;i</expan> in <expan abbr="domũ">domum</expan> <lb/>inferatur / reddere partus difficiles: Et enomion le&longs;piam frondem <lb/>&longs;ub tectis habitam præcipitare aluum et inanitate pe&longs;tem inferre. <lb/></s> <s id="N403E2F">Redeo ad rem. </s> <s id="N403E32">Hic repetere oportet quæ &longs;upra cum de <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;tis">lineamen<lb/>tis</expan> <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> tractaremus / per&longs;trinximus.</s> </p> <p id="N403E3F" type="main"> <s id="N403E41">Tectorum igitur alia &longs;ub diuo: alia non &longs;ub diuo: Et <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> aliqua <lb/>lineis con&longs;tant rectis: aliqua flexis: aliqua mixtis. </s> <s id="N403E4A">His addito <lb/>quod hic faciat ad rem: Nam aut ex arborum materia pone <expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan> <lb/>aut lapide. </s> <s id="N403E55">Ordiemur inde adeo rem principio hic &longs;umpto: ut &longs;ta<lb/>tuamus quippiam e&longs;&longs;e / quod ip&longs;um ad uniuer&longs;i tecti ratiocinati<lb/>onem pertineat: et &longs;it huiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N403E5E">Tecto cuiuis et o&longs;&longs;a et neruos <lb/>et complementa et cortices et cru&longs;tulas ine&longs;&longs;e æque atque in muro <lb/>interpretemur: tamen hoc ita ne &longs;it re ip&longs;a con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s id="N403E65">Princi<lb/>pio ut ab his qui rectis lineis ex materia &longs;yluarum con&longs;tant inci<lb/>piamus. </s> <s id="N403E6C">Tectis quidem ferendis opus e&longs;t firmiores a pariete ad <lb/>parietem &longs;ub&longs;tituas trabes: atque has uti modo <expan abbr="cõmentabamur">commentabamur</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>intran&longs;uer&longs;um po&longs;itas columnas non inficiabimur. </s> <s id="N403E77">O&longs;&longs;is ergo lo<lb/>co erit trabs: quod &longs;i per impen&longs;æ rationes liceret: quis non optet <lb/>totum habere opus / ut ita loquar o&longs;&longs;eum et &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imum: hoc e&longs;t <lb/>continuatis columnis / et counitis trabibus compactum et obfirma<lb/>tum? </s> <s id="N403E84">Sed par&longs;imoniæ <expan abbr="pro&longs;picimus/&longs;uperfiuũ">pro&longs;picimus / &longs;uperfluum</expan> <expan abbr="putãtes">putantes</expan> quicquid <lb/>&longs;eruata operis firmitate po&longs;&longs;it detrahi: ea de re trabium hic &longs;inun<lb/>tur interualla: Ex quo et trabibus tran&longs;uer&longs;alia <expan abbr="imponũtur">imponuntur</expan> tigna : <pb xlink:href="004/01/092.jpg"/>et abducuntur decurrentes quadruli: et &longs;iqua &longs;unt i&longs;tis &longs;imilia: <lb/>Quæ omnia haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquam</expan> dedecet puta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamenta</expan>. </s> <s id="N403EA6">In his <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> <lb/>a&longs;&longs;es tabulæque ampliores coaptatæ nimirum complementi uicem <lb/>tenebunt: parique ratione pauimentum tegula&longs;que corticem e&longs;&longs;e exti<lb/>mum: Coelum uero tecti / quod &longs;upra caput pendeat <expan abbr="intimũ">intimum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>corticem non negabimus. </s> <s id="N403EB9">Ergo hæc ita e&longs;&longs;e &longs;i con&longs;tat / inue&longs;tige<lb/>mus &longs;iquid &longs;it / quod cuique horum debeatur: quo his recognitis fa<lb/>cilius quæ lapideis tectis <expan abbr="cõueniat">conueniat</expan> intelligamus.</s> </p> <p id="N403EC4" type="main"> <s id="N403EC6">De his igitur quoad res po&longs;tulet breui&longs;&longs;ime tran&longs;igamus. </s> <s id="N403EC9">Sed fa<lb/>ciat hoc ad rem / huius ætatis architectos non laudo: qui contigna<lb/>tionibus habendis / ua&longs;tas foraminum lacerationes ip&longs;is in o&longs;&longs;ibus <lb/>parietum relinquunt: quibus ab&longs;oluto pariete trabium capita im<lb/>mittant: Ex qua re paries imbecillior atque aduer&longs;us ignium popu<lb/>lationes / ædificium male tutum redditur: quod pateant inde ad pro<lb/>ximam aulam aditus incendio. </s> <s id="N403ED8">Quare placent apud ueteres qui <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ueuere parietibus lapideos mutulos firmi&longs;&longs;imos bene commen<lb/>dare: quibus quæ dixi trabium capita imponantur: quod &longs;i concate<lb/>nari trabeatione parietes uelis / non deerunt an&longs;æ et fibulæ aeneæ / <lb/>et captus <expan abbr="extãtes">extantes</expan> ex mutulo: quibus <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> ad <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> utare. <lb/></s> <s id="N403EF6">Trabem omnino integram e&longs;&longs;e et admodum &longs;incerem: mediaque <lb/>præ&longs;ertim longitudine &longs;ui uacare menda oportet. </s> <s id="N403EFB">Aure ad <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> <lb/>caput po&longs;ita / ictus altero ex capite re&longs;onantes accepti &longs;i erunt in <lb/>qua&longs;&longs;i: et obtu&longs;i intimum latere morbum indicabunt. </s> <s id="N403F06">Nodo&longs;ites <lb/>in trabe longe repudianda: præ&longs;ertim &longs;i erunt nodi crebri / et <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>in cumulum contubero&longs;i: Quæ ligni pars medullæ ad&longs;it proxi<lb/>ma dolabitur / ut &longs;tet in opere &longs;uprema. </s> <s id="N403F13">Ex inferiore autem quæ <lb/>futura e&longs;t trabis &longs;uperficie dedolata / præter <expan abbr="cortic&etilde;/aut">corticem / aut</expan> nihil / aut <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> id queat <expan abbr="minimũ">minimum</expan>. </s> <s id="N403F25">Quo autem in latere tran&longs;uer&longs;i aliquid ap<lb/>paruit uitii: ponito id ut &longs;tet &longs;upremum: Oblonga &longs;iqua excurret <lb/>directam per trabem fi&longs;&longs;ura / lateribus ne <expan abbr="cõmittito">committito</expan>: Sed aut &longs;upre<lb/>mæ aut potius infimæ mandato &longs;uperficiei. </s> <s id="N403F34">Siqua perterebranda <lb/>aut forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="cõuulneranda">conuulneranda</expan> &longs;it: parcito mediæ longitudini: infi<lb/><expan abbr="infimãque">infi<lb/>mamque</expan> ne lædito &longs;uperficiem. </s> <s id="N403F42">Sin <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> uti in ba&longs;ilicis <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruarũ /">ob&longs;eruarunt /</expan> <lb/>binatim erunt trabes <expan abbr="ponendæ/laxam&etilde;ta">ponendæ / laxamenta</expan> digitorum aliquot inter <pb xlink:href="004/01/093.jpg"/>mittito: qua re&longs;pirent / ne quid mutuo incale&longs;cendo inficiantur. <lb/></s> <s id="N403F58">Et conferet quidem per <expan abbr="&longs;ingulũ">&longs;ingulum</expan> par trabes ip&longs;as alternatas collo<lb/>ca&longs;&longs;e: ne iuxta eodem in cubili <expan abbr="amborũ">amborum</expan> capita conquie&longs;cant: Sed <lb/>ubi i&longs;tius pes / i&longs;tic alterius caput <expan abbr="incũbat">incumbat</expan>: Sic enim mutuo firmi <lb/>ore pedis robore mutuæ leuioris partis imbecillitati &longs;ubuenient: <lb/>et trabes ip&longs;as cognitas e&longs;&longs;e hoc e&longs;t uno materiæ genere / unaque &longs;yl<lb/>ua / una coeli fronte adultas / &longs;i fieri pote&longs;t / eademque die ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;as <lb/>oportet: Quo paribus naturæ uiribus par <expan abbr="officiũ">officium</expan> gerant. </s> <s id="N403F77">Cubilia <lb/>trabibus ad libellam &longs;ternito: ita ut &longs;it eorum quodque &longs;olidum et <lb/><expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imũ">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>. </s> <s id="N403F81">Cauetoque ponendis trabibus / ne quid materies calcem <lb/>attingat: et &longs;inito <expan abbr="circũaperta">circumaperta</expan> et libera &longs;piramenta: ne quid ullius <lb/>penitus contactu uitietur aut conclu&longs;a tabe&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N403F8C">Ad trabis puluil<lb/><expan abbr="lũ">lum</expan> &longs;ub&longs;ternito filicem herbam harentem / aut carbones / aut potius <lb/>amurcam &longs;uis <expan abbr="cõmixtam">commixtam</expan> nucleis. </s> <s id="N403F9A">Sin autem erunt arbores mino<lb/>res / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut queas integram unico ex <expan abbr="trũco">trunco</expan> trabem ponere: plures in <lb/>unam compacturam coagmentato / ita ut in &longs;e artius uim <expan abbr="obtineãt">obtineant</expan> <lb/>hoc e&longs;t ut &longs;uperior compactæ trabis linea fieri <expan abbr="nequic&quml;">nequicquam</expan> po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="ponderũ">pon<lb/>derum</expan> pre&longs;&longs;ura breuior: et contra inferior linea fieri haud po&longs;&longs;it lon<lb/>gior: Sed qua&longs;i corda ad &longs;uperadactos / qui &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="cõtrarus">contrarus</expan> frontibus <lb/><expan abbr="protrud&etilde;t / trũcos">protrudent / truncos</expan> <expan abbr="obfirmãdos">obfirmandos</expan> neruo&longs;o &longs;i&longs;tat captu.</s> </p> <p id="N403FBF" type="main"> <s id="N403FC1">Tigna proxime omni&longs;que reliqua materies / quod ex trabe &longs;ecta expe<lb/>diantur / trabis &longs;inceritate integritateque <expan abbr="probabũtur">probabuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N403FCA">Tabulas <expan abbr="nimiũ">ni<lb/>mium</expan> &longs;pi&longs;&longs;as putant non <expan abbr="c&etilde;modas">commodas</expan>: quoniam detorqueri <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> excepe<lb/>rint / clauos extrudant: et a&longs;&longs;eribus <expan abbr="&quml;uis">quamvis</expan> tenuioribus clauos appo<lb/>ni iubent duplices: præ&longs;ertim &longs;ub diualibus coa&longs;&longs;ationibus quibus <lb/><expan abbr="tabularũ">tabularum</expan> anguli et media lateraque firmentur. </s> <s id="N403FE3">Clauos qui <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> <lb/>in tran&longs;uer&longs;um ferant cra&longs;&longs;iores fieri iubent: Alios autem gracili<lb/>ores ubi &longs;int / non reprobant: Sed longiores e&longs;&longs;e hos et capite dila<lb/>tatiores <expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit</expan>. </s> <s id="N403FF4">æneos clauos &longs;ubdiuo et inhumecto perhenniores: <lb/>ferrei inte&longs;tino in opere et &longs;icco neruo&longs;iores fore compertum ha<lb/>beo. </s> <s id="N403FFB">Vbi ex u&longs;u ad firmandam contignationem ueniat / ligneis <lb/>clauiculis delectantur.</s> </p> <p id="N404000" type="main"> <s id="N404002">Quæ autem de ligneis tectis diximus: eadem et in lapideis trabi<lb/>bus ob&longs;eruabuntur: Tran&longs;uer&longs;æ enim et uenæ et mendæ a <expan abbr="trabiũ">trabium</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/094.jpg"/>u&longs;u reicientur ad <expan abbr="eficiũdas">eficiundas</expan> columnas: aut &longs;i <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> mende moderate <lb/>& leues latera lapidis <expan abbr="&qtilde;bus">quibus</expan> apparuerint / <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> in opus <expan abbr="pon&etilde;tur">ponentur</expan> <expan abbr="re&longs;upinabun&ttilde;">re&longs;u<lb/>pinabuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404026">Per longum excurrentes uene quibus uis in trabibus tole<lb/>rabiliores <expan abbr="habebun&ttilde;">habebuntur</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> tran&longs;uer&longs;æ: Tabulæ item lapideæ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alias <lb/>ob res: tum et ponderis gratia minime cra&longs;&longs;iores ponentur. </s> <s id="N404035">Que <lb/>demum in totis aut ligneis aut lapideis apponentur a&longs;&longs;eres tigna / <lb/>trabes / neque adeo graciles / neque adeo rari ponentur ut ad &longs;e &longs;e <expan abbr="õus">onus</expan> <lb/>que ferendum &longs;int inualidi. </s> <s id="N404042">Et contra neque adeo cra&longs;&longs;i neque adeo <expan abbr="cõferti">con<lb/>ferti</expan> ut opus illepidum et informe reddant. </s> <s id="N40404B">Sed de operis forma <lb/>& gratia alibi. </s> <s id="N404050">Itaque de rectilineo tecto quæ u&longs;que dicta <expan abbr="&longs;ũt /&longs;ufficianz">&longs;unt / &longs;uffici<lb/>ant</expan>: Ni forte illud de&longs;it ut <expan abbr="mõeã">moneam</expan> quod quidem omni opere <expan abbr="uehem&etilde;ter">uehemen<lb/>ter</expan> <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãdum">ob&longs;eruandum</expan> cen&longs;eo. </s> <s id="N404067"><expan abbr="Aduerterũt">Aduerterunt</expan> phy&longs;ici in corporibus <expan abbr="animãtiũ">animam<lb/>tium</expan> <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e opus &longs;uum ita perfinite: ut <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquam</expan> o&longs;&longs;a ab o&longs;&longs;ibu&longs; <lb/>&longs;eparata aut di&longs;iuncta e&longs;&longs;e u&longs;piam uoluerit: &longs;ic etiam nos o&longs;&longs;a o&longs;&longs;i<lb/>bus <expan abbr="cõiungemus">coniungemus</expan>: et neruis <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti&longs;que">illigamenti&longs;que</expan> belli&longs;&longs;ime affirmabimu&longs;: <lb/>ut &longs;it o&longs;&longs;ium &longs;eries et <expan abbr="cõpactura">compactura</expan>: qua &longs;ola etiam &longs;i de&longs;int cætera / <lb/>&longs;ter opus &longs;uis <expan abbr="perfinitũ">perfinitum</expan> membris atque firmitatibus.</s> </p> <p id="N404096" type="main"> <s id="N404098">Venio ad tecta flexilinea. </s> <s id="N40409B">Atqui ea quidem quæ omnes ad nume<lb/>ros rectilineis tectis plene re&longs;pondeant <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ideremus">con&longs;ideremus</expan>. </s> <s id="N4040A4">Flexilineum <lb/><expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan> <expan abbr="con&longs;tituũt">con&longs;tituunt</expan> arcus: et arcum e&longs;&longs;e trabem inflexam &longs;ua&longs;imus. <lb/></s> <s id="N4040B1">Procurrunt etiam hic <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamenta</expan>: adduntur et quæ interuacua <expan abbr="cõpleant">com<lb/>pleant</expan>. </s> <s id="N4040BE">Sed uelim apertius intelligi / quid arcus ip&longs;e &longs;it / quibus <lb/>ue con&longs;tet partibus: Et enim ducendi arcus rationem traxi&longs;&longs;e ho<lb/>mines hinc puto: Nam cum uiderent trabes duas <expan abbr="iũctis">iunctis</expan> capitibus <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e imis pedibus diuaricatis ita firmari / ut mutuo innexu pari<lb/>busque contra &longs;e ponderibus &longs;i&longs;terent: placuit <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tum / et">inuentum / et</expan> <expan abbr="coeperũt">coeperunt</expan> <lb/>i&longs;toc opere di&longs;pluuia ædificiis tecta apponere. </s> <s id="N4040D7">Po&longs;t id forta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>ex <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;tituto">in&longs;tituto</expan> maiorem cooperire aream trabium breuitate nequiui&longs;<lb/>&longs;ent: intermedium ad &longs;ublimia truncorum capita aliquid interpo<lb/>&longs;uere: ut e&longs;&longs;et prope atque apud græcos littera. <gap/>. </s> <s id="N4040EA">Appo&longs;itumque <lb/>ip&longs;um id forta&longs;&longs;is cuneum appellauere. </s> <s id="N4040EF">Succedente inde argu<lb/>mento multiplicatis cuneis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi arcus effigie effectam &longs;pe<lb/>ctantes probauere: eamque ducendi arcus rationem ad opera lapi<lb/>dea tran&longs;ferentes / integrum additamentis arcum effecere: ut iam <pb xlink:href="004/01/095.jpg"/>fateri oporteat arcum ip&longs;um cuneorum plu&longs;culorum compactio<lb/>ne con&longs;tare: Quorum alii capitibus infirmis ad arcum ip&longs;um &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;ideant: alii ad dor&longs;um in&longs;identes nodum &longs;pinæ obtineant: Aliquando <lb/>reliquum expleant ambitum co&longs;tarum. </s> <s id="N404102">Non &longs;it ab re eadem repe<lb/>tere: quæ primo in libro recen&longs;uimus. </s> <s id="N404107">Arcus inter &longs;e differunt: <lb/>Nam e&longs;t quidem rectus / quem integer &longs;emicirculus con&longs;tituit: <lb/>huius corda per circuli centrum dirigitur. </s> <s id="N40410E">E&longs;t et qui trabis natu<lb/>ram magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> arcus &longs;apiat: hunc <expan abbr="cõminutum">comminutum</expan> dicimus / quod &longs;it non <lb/>integer &longs;emicirculus: &longs;ed &longs;it eius quota aliqua pars: huius corda <lb/>a centro di&longs;tat et &longs;upra e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N40411F">E&longs;t et copo&longs;itus arcus: quem undem <lb/>aliquando angularem / alii actum dicunt: qui ex arcubus duobus commi<lb/>nutis componitur: habetque &longs;ua in corda duo duarum flexarum &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e mutuo &longs;ecantium linearum centra. </s> <s id="N404128">Rectum arcum omnium <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e firmi&longs;&longs;imum cum re ip&longs;a cen&longs;et: tum et ratione argumentoque <lb/>mon&longs;tratur. </s> <s id="N40412F">Et di&longs;&longs;olui quidem &longs;ponte quo po&longs;&longs;it pacto non ui<lb/>deo: ni cuneorum alter alterum extrudat: ab qua quidem iniu<lb/>ria tam longe ab&longs;unt: ut etiam alter alterius ope confirmetur: <lb/>Quin etiam ubi forte id moliri aggrediantur / ponderum natura <lb/>quibus aut &longs;ub&longs;i&longs;tunt / aut imbuti ip&longs;i &longs;unt cunei / uetantur. </s> <s id="N40413A">Hinc <lb/>illud Varronis / quod ait in arcuatis operibus dextra non magis <lb/>&longs;tare ex &longs;ini&longs;tris / quod &longs;ini&longs;tra ex dextris. </s> <s id="N404141">Et &longs;pectare licet rem: Su<lb/>premus quidem cuneus / qui ad &longs;pinam mediam unicus &longs;it / quo <lb/>nam modo erit ualidus cuneos propellere collaterales: aut illis <lb/>ip&longs;is <expan abbr="prem&etilde;tibus">prementibus</expan> quando poterit is quidem ex &longs;ede iam occupata <lb/>protrudi? </s> <s id="N404152">Qui uero proximi per co&longs;tas <expan abbr="&longs;uccedũt">&longs;uccedunt</expan> cunei <expan abbr="libram&etilde;tis">libramen<lb/>tis</expan> ponderum facile in officio continentur. </s> <s id="N40415F">Demum et alterutra <lb/>ad capita qui &longs;ub&longs;ideant cunei / quid erit cur moueantur &longs;uperio<lb/>ribus in officio per&longs;i&longs;tentibus. </s> <s id="N404166">Ergo rectis arcubus / qui &longs;e&longs;e facile <lb/>tueantur cordam non exigimus: in <expan abbr="cõminutis">comminutis</expan> autem ferream ca<lb/>tenam / aut quod cordæ uim obtineat / parietum exten&longs;ionibus hinc <lb/>atque hinc confirmamus: ha&longs;que e&longs;&longs;e exten&longs;iones optamus non <expan abbr="breuiores/&quml;">bre<lb/>uiores / quam</expan> quibus comminutus / qui dee&longs;t ambitus queat integrari: <lb/>Quod ip&longs;um facere ueteres architecti <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> neglexere: et com<lb/>minutos omnes arcus ubi id licuit / nunquam non intra parietum <pb xlink:href="004/01/096.jpg"/>latera integrarunt: Quin et præclare illud ob&longs;eruarunt / ut rectis <lb/>trabibus / ubi occa&longs;io <expan abbr="præ&longs;tabatur / cõminutum">præ&longs;tabatur / comminutum</expan> arcum <expan abbr="&longs;u&ptilde;adducerent">&longs;uperadduce<lb/>rent</expan>: Tum et <expan abbr="cõminutis">comminutis</expan> ip&longs;is arcubus rectos arcus etiam <expan abbr="&longs;u&ptilde;adigerent">&longs;uperadi<lb/>gerent</expan> : qui &longs;ub &longs;e po&longs;itos <expan abbr="cõminutos">comminutos</expan> <expan abbr="cõfouerent">confouerent</expan>: et <expan abbr="ponderũ">ponderum</expan> mole<lb/>&longs;tias interciperent. </s> <s id="N4041A4">Compo&longs;iti arcus apud ueteres non ui&longs;untur. <lb/></s> <s id="N4041AA">Sunt qui turrium apertionibus in ducedos putent: quo nimia &longs;uper<lb/>impo&longs;ita <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> qua&longs;i prora obiecta diffidant: Tam et&longs;i <expan abbr="cõpo&longs;iti">compo&longs;iti</expan> <lb/>arcus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ponderibus confirmentur &longs;uperadiectis magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="opprimãtur">opprimantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4041C0">Cuneos quibus arcus ducatur omnes de lato / et quo <lb/>ad fieri po&longs;&longs;it prægrandi uelim e&longs;&longs;e ex lapide. </s> <s id="N4041C5">Nam e&longs;t quidem <lb/>cuiu&longs;que corporis pars indi&longs;&longs;olubilior: quæ a natura concreta et eo <lb/>unita e&longs;t: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> manu et arte <expan abbr="cõiuncta">coniuncta</expan> atque compacta <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4041DD">E&longs;&longs;e etiam oportet mutuo coæquales / ut qua&longs;i in libra dextera &longs;i<lb/>ni&longs;tris re&longs;pondeant facie / magnitudine / pondere et eiu&longs;modi. <lb/></s> <s id="N4041E3">Arcus plures &longs;i ad porticus perapertiones <expan abbr="cõtinuatas">continuatas</expan> a columnis et <lb/>capitulis duxeris: facito cunei unde bini aut plures arcus iuncti <expan abbr="in&longs;urgũt">in<lb/>&longs;urgunt</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> duo: aut pro <expan abbr="arcuũ">arcuum</expan> numero totidem &longs;int lapides et di&longs;<lb/>&longs;ecti: Sed unicus atque idem pror&longs;us integer: quo huius et i&longs;tius ar<lb/>cus capita <expan abbr="cõtineantur">contineantur</expan>: Qui uero &longs;ecundi proximi in hos primos <lb/><expan abbr="in&longs;urg&etilde;t">in&longs;urgent</expan> cunei / &longs;i <expan abbr="prægrãdi">prægrandi</expan> <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> ex lapide curato ambo/ alter ad <lb/>alterum &longs;uis hæreat <expan abbr="iũctis">iunctis</expan> ad lineam renibus. </s> <s id="N404214">Tertius qui &longs;ecun<lb/>dos ho&longs;ce operiet lapis ad <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> leges libella <expan abbr="coaptabi&ttilde;">coaptabitur</expan> nexura <lb/>comparili: ita ut <expan abbr="iũctis">iunctis</expan> ambobus arcubus &longs;eruiat: <expan abbr="amborũque">amborumque</expan> cune<lb/>os detineat captu. </s> <s id="N40422F">Toto in arcu facito ut <expan abbr="iunctionũ">iunctionum</expan> adhæ&longs;iones / <lb/>et <expan abbr="cõclau&longs;uræ">conclau&longs;uræ</expan> &longs;uum ad centrum <expan abbr="ditigan&ttilde;">dirigantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404240">Spinæ cuneum periti <lb/>unico et integro et prægrandi &longs;emper lapide appo&longs;uere: quod &longs;i erit <lb/>muri cra&longs;&longs;itudo maior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut cuneos i&longs;tiusmodi queas integres po<lb/>nere: is <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> iam non arcus / &longs;ed e&longs;&longs;e te&longs;tudo potius incipiet: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb/>nos fornicem appellabimus.</s> </p> <p id="N404255" type="main"> <s id="N404257">Te&longs;tudinum uaria &longs;unt genera. </s> <s id="N40425A"><expan abbr="Di&longs;quirendũ">Di&longs;quirendum</expan> quid inter &longs;e diffe<lb/>rant / et quibus lineis <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituantur">con&longs;tituantur</expan>: Fingenda mihi erunt nomina:<lb/>quo &longs;im / quem e&longs;&longs;e me his libris maxime <expan abbr="elaborandũ">elaborandum</expan> in&longs;titui: fa<lb/>cilis et minime ob&longs;curus. </s> <s id="N40426E">Neque me præterit Ennium poetam ma<lb/>ximas coeli appella&longs;&longs;e fornices: et <expan abbr="Seruiũ">Seruium</expan> cauernas dixi&longs;&longs;e eas e&longs;&longs;e <pb xlink:href="004/01/097.jpg"/>quæ in carinarum &longs;int factæ modum. </s> <s id="N40427B">Sed peto hanc ueniam ut <lb/>his libris id tandem &longs;atis putemus dictum latine: quod cum apte <lb/>ad rem: tum et aperti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="ĩtelligatur">intelligatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404286">Te&longs;tudinum i&longs;ta &longs;unt ge<lb/>nera / fornix / camera / et recta &longs;pherica: et &longs;iquæ <expan abbr="i&longs;tarũ">i&longs;tarum</expan> quota &longs;unt <lb/>pars: Ex his recta &longs;pherica &longs;ui natura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i parietibus a circulari <lb/>area <expan abbr="&longs;urg&etilde;tibus">&longs;urgentibus</expan> imponitur. </s> <s id="N40429B">Camera uero te&longs;tudo quadratis debe<lb/>tur areis: Fornicibu&longs; autem areæ <expan abbr="angulorũ">angulorum</expan> quatuor: &longs;eu breuiores <lb/>illæ <expan abbr="quid&etilde;/&longs;eu">quidem / &longs;eu</expan> oblongæ &longs;int: quales uidemus criptoporticus ope<lb/>riuntur. </s> <s id="N4042AC">Te&longs;tudo ea quæ perforati ad <expan abbr="m&etilde;tis">mentis</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;imilitudin&etilde;">&longs;imilitudinem</expan> ducat: <lb/>Verbi etiam &longs;imilitudine apud nos fornix appellabitur. </s> <s id="N4042B9">Erit igi<lb/>tur id ueluti unum atque item alteros ad arcum arcus adegeris: aut <lb/>qua&longs;i flexæ trabis latitudinem exten&longs;am multo ac protinus dila<lb/>tatam reddideris: Ex qua re a&longs;&longs;equemur / ut qua&longs;i inflexus paries <lb/>in caput pro tecto ad&longs;tet. </s> <s id="N4042C4">Sin autem fornicem hanc forta&longs;&longs;is a <expan abbr="pt&etilde;trione">&longs;e<lb/>ptemtrione</expan> ad meridiem proten&longs;am / tran&longs;uer&longs;a altera fornix ab ori<lb/>ente ad <expan abbr="occid&etilde;tem">occidentem</expan> &longs;olem peruadens totis lineis <expan abbr="&longs;ecuerit / te&longs;tudin&etilde;">&longs;ecuerit / te&longs;tudinem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituent">con&longs;tituent</expan>: quam inflexorum <expan abbr="cornuũ">cornuum</expan> &longs;imilitudine: quæ in angu<lb/>los procurrant cameram <expan abbr="nũcupabimus">nuncupabimus</expan>. </s> <s id="N4042E5">Quod &longs;i arcus ip&longs;i complu<lb/>res et coæquales mutuo unicum in punctum medii culminis &longs;e&longs;e <lb/>inter&longs;ecuerint: te&longs;tudinem <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituent">con&longs;tituent</expan> coelo &longs;imilem: rectam inde <lb/>&longs;phericam appellari hanc placuit. </s> <s id="N4042F2">Quæ te&longs;tudines aliqua <expan abbr="i&longs;tarũ">i&longs;tarum</expan> <lb/>e partibus con&longs;tet / hæ &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N4042FB">Nam &longs;i coeli emi&longs;pherium natura <expan abbr="perp&etilde;diculari">per<lb/>pendiculari</expan> et recta &longs;ectione ab oriente ad occidentem uer&longs;us duas <lb/>in partes diui&longs;erit: Te&longs;tudines dabit geminas: quæ quidem &longs;ca<lb/>phis emiciclorum pro tecto &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N404307">Sin autem ab <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tis">orientis</expan> angulo ad <lb/>angulum meridier: et a meridiano i&longs;toc ad angulum occidentis: <lb/>et ab i&longs;to ad angulum <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trionis">&longs;eptentrionis</expan>: et a &longs;eptentrionali quoque i&longs;toc <lb/>ad primarium illud orientis angulum pari ratione natura <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>&longs;eptum et <expan abbr="cõmutilatum">commutilatum</expan> coeli emi&longs;pherium reddiderit: <expan abbr="re&longs;tudin&etilde;">te&longs;tudinem</expan> <lb/>tum quidem in medio relinquet: quam nos turgidi ueli &longs;imilitu<lb/>dine auleam <expan abbr="nũcupabimus">nuncupabimus</expan>. </s> <s id="N404330">In qua uero perficiunda plures forni<lb/>cis partes conueniant: quale&longs; uidemus &longs;ex octo ue angulorum are<lb/>a&longs; te&longs;tudinari: hanc no&longs; &longs;phericam angularem appellabimu&longs;. <lb/></s> <s id="N40433A">Te&longs;tudinum <expan abbr="a&longs;truendarũ">a&longs;truendarum</expan> ratio eadem quæ in muri&longs; <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruabi&ttilde;">a&longs;&longs;eruabitur</expan> : <pb xlink:href="004/01/098.jpg"/>O&longs;&longs;a enim integra ad <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> u&longs;que te&longs;tudinis ex o&longs;&longs;ibus parietis <lb/>in&longs;urgent: et pro <expan abbr="illorũ">illorum</expan> modo i&longs;tic impo&longs;ita <expan abbr="perduc&etilde;tur">perducentur</expan>: et inter <lb/>&longs;e quota aliqua di&longs;tabunt parte. </s> <s id="N404359">Ab o&longs;&longs;ibus uero ad o&longs;&longs;a <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamen<lb/>ta</expan> protrahentur: et media <expan abbr="cõplementa">complementa</expan> <expan abbr="infarci&etilde;tur">infarcientur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40436A">Sed in hoc <!-- KEEP S-->dif<lb/>ferunt: quod in pariete ad rectam regulam <expan abbr="normãque">normamque</expan> et libellam / lapi<lb/>des et &longs;inguli ordines <expan abbr="coagmentãtur">coagmentantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="componũtur">componuntur</expan>: In te&longs;tudi<lb/>ne <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> ordines ad flexam regulam / et lapidis omnes <expan abbr="cõclau&longs;uræ">conclau&longs;uræ</expan> <lb/>ad &longs;ui arcus <expan abbr="c&etilde;trum">centrum</expan> <expan abbr="dirigũtur">diriguntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404399">O&longs;&longs;a ferme <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> induxere uete<lb/>res ni&longs;i cocto ex latere / codemque <expan abbr="utplurimũ">ut plurimum</expan> bipedali: <expan abbr="mon&etilde;tque">monentque</expan> te<lb/>&longs;tudinum complementa ab&longs;oluas lapide leui&longs;&longs;imo: ne quid muri <lb/>iniquo abhinc pondere <expan abbr="fatig&etilde;tur">fatigentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4043B2">Con&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> aduerti aliquos <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;ima Semper o&longs;&longs;a perducere: Sed o&longs;&longs;ium loco &longs;par&longs;im <lb/>&longs;tantes inlatus lateres inter &longs;e rui&longs;&longs;e / capitibus pectinatim in &longs;e <expan abbr="iũctis">iun<lb/>ctis</expan> : uti &longs;iquis dexteræ manus <expan abbr="&longs;ũmos">&longs;ummos</expan> digitos <expan abbr="&longs;ũmis">&longs;ummis</expan> &longs;ini&longs;tris digi<lb/>tis inter&longs;tringat: Et intermedia complere <expan abbr="cem&etilde;titio">cementitio</expan> conge&longs;tu: et <lb/>præ&longs;ertim pumice <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ueuerunt">con&longs;ueuerunt</expan>: quem <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> lapidem te&longs;tudina<lb/>tionibus complendis <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;imũ">commodi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e omnes <expan abbr="profit&etilde;tur">profitentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4043E9">Sed ar<lb/>cubus et te&longs;tudinibus &longs;truendis <expan abbr="armam&etilde;to">armamento</expan> opus e&longs;t: id rudis et <expan abbr="t&etilde;">tem<lb/>poranea</expan> quædam e&longs;t contignatio ad flexæ lineæ ambitum diffini<lb/>ta: cui pro corio et cute aut crates aut harundines / aut uilia i&longs;tiu&longs;<lb/>modi <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ternuntur">con&longs;ternuntur</expan> &longs;u&longs;tinendæ coaggerationis in te&longs;tudine quoad <lb/>duruerit. </s> <s id="N404403">E&longs;t tamen inter te&longs;tudines una omnium recta &longs;pherica <lb/>quæ <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> non po&longs;tulet: quando ea quidem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ex arcubus &longs;o<lb/>lum con&longs;tat: uerum etiam coronis. </s> <s id="N404412">Et quis po&longs;&longs;it referre aut <expan abbr="meditari/&qtilde;">me<lb/>ditari / quae</expan> &longs;int horum uterque <expan abbr="ĩnumerabiles">innumerabiles</expan> hærentes adacti sese mu<lb/>tuo inter&longs;ecantes / ad pares angulos et ad impares: ut quotocumque <lb/>loco per uniuer&longs;am te&longs;tudinem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi aliquem inter&longs;ecueris <lb/><expan abbr="lapidem / plurimorũ">lapidem / plurimorum</expan> intelligas re et arcuum et coronarum <expan abbr="cuneũ">cuneum</expan> <lb/>appo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e: et coronam qui coronæ &longs;upera&longs;truxerit: et iam arcum / <lb/>qui alterum arcum perduxerit/ fingito uelle id opus labe&longs;cere / un<lb/>de incipiet? </s> <s id="N404433">Cunctis præ&longs;ertim cuneis unum centrum petentibus <lb/>pari et uiribus et <expan abbr="ĩnixu">innixu</expan>. </s> <s id="N40443C">Huius te&longs;tudinis firmitate plerique apud <lb/>ueteres adeo abu&longs;i &longs;unt: ut &longs;olum in quotos aliquos pedes te&longs;tace<lb/>as &longs;implices coronas in&longs;trauerint: Cæteram uero <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&etilde;">te&longs;tudinem</expan> opere <pb xlink:href="004/01/099.jpg"/>tumultuario cementariam perfundendo materiem perfecerint. <lb/></s> <s id="N40444E">Sed longe eos probo qui interducendum opus curarint ut qua ar<lb/>te lapides in pariete illigantur / eadem hic coronæ inferiores pro<lb/>ximis &longs;uperioribus: et arcus inuicem arcubus locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> rari&longs;&longs;imis <lb/>innectantur: prae&longs;ertim &longs;i harenæ fo&longs;&longs;iceæ copia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;uppeditabit <lb/>aut maritimis hau&longs;trinis ue opus obiiciatur. </s> <s id="N40446D">Angularem quoque <lb/>te&longs;tudinem &longs;phericam modo per eius i&longs;tius cra&longs;&longs;itudinem iectam <lb/>&longs;phericam inter&longs;truas / poteris attollere nullis armamentis: Sed <lb/>i&longs;tic nexura poti&longs;&longs;imum opus e&longs;t: qua huius imbecillæ partes par<lb/>tibus illius firmioribus arcti&longs;&longs;ime illigentur: Tamen con&longs;eret <lb/>ductis iam una atque alteris lapideis / et duratis ceronis / leuia il<lb/>lic &longs;ubillaqueare amenta et an&longs;as: quibus tantum armamenti com<lb/>mittas: quantum &longs;at &longs;it ferendis coronis his quæ aliquot inde in <lb/>pedes <expan abbr="&longs;upera&longs;truan&ttilde;">&longs;upera&longs;truantur</expan> quoad <expan abbr="&longs;icce&longs;cãt">&longs;icce&longs;cant</expan>: Et deinceps cum hæ quaeque <lb/>partes duruerint / in quotos quo&longs;que ordines i&longs;ta hæc armamenti &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;idia ad &longs;uprema perficiunda tran&longs;terre: quoad u&longs;que opus absolu<lb/>tum reddideris. </s> <s id="N40449D">Te&longs;tudo / Camura / atque item fornix armamen<lb/>tis &longs;ub&longs;titutis inducatur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4044A4">Sed uelim i&longs;tarum primas <lb/>ordines / et arcuum capita firmi&longs;&longs;imis &longs;edibus <expan abbr="c&etilde;mendari">commendari</expan>. </s> <s id="N4044AF">Neque <lb/>placent qui prius totos parietes extollunt &longs;olis pediculis mutulo<lb/>rum relictis / quibus po&longs;t tempora te&longs;tudinem <expan abbr="cõmittant">committant</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;umũ">infirmum</expan> <lb/>opus atque incon&longs;tans. </s> <s id="N4044C1">Quare &longs;i me audient una hi quidem arcus <lb/>et paribus ordinibus cum &longs;uo pariete cui inhæreant / ducentur: <lb/>quo id opus pluribus <expan abbr="per&quml;">perquam</expan> ualde id fieri pote&longs;t firmi&longs;&longs;imis nexi<lb/>bus conueniatur. </s> <s id="N4044CC">Vacua uero inter a&longs;&longs;urgentes inflexus <expan abbr="te&longs;tudinũ">te&longs;tudinum</expan> <lb/>et parietem cui adhæreant relicta / quem secum fabri coxam nun<lb/>cupant / infarciantur non tellure aut &longs;olu s ruderibus &longs;iccis: &longs;ed <lb/>potius &longs;tructura ordinaria et &longs;tabili / parietique iterum atque iterum <lb/>connexa. </s> <s id="N4044DF">Et placent qui leuandi oneris grata / fictilia ua&longs;a <lb/>a uaria uacua per coxarum cra&longs;&longs;itudines indidere rimo&longs;a atque <lb/>inuer&longs;a: ne quid collecta illic humiditate ingraue&longs;cat: Et ce<lb/>menta &longs;uperinfundere ex lapide minime graui / &longs;ed alio quin <lb/>tenaci. </s> <s id="N4044F0">Tota demum in te&longs;tudine uticumque illa &longs;it / <pb xlink:href="004/01/100.jpg"/>naturam imitabimur: quæ quidem cum o&longs;&longs;a adiunxit o&longs;&longs;ibus: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>et carnes ip&longs;as intexuit uillulis nexura per omnes diametros <expan abbr="ĩterductis">inter<lb/>ductis</expan> in longum / in latum / in profundum / in <expan abbr="obliqumu">obliquum </expan>? </s> <s id="N404503">Hoc <lb/>nobis artificium naturæ lapidibus inter&longs;erendis ad te&longs;tudines imi<lb/>tandum cen&longs;eo.</s> </p> <p id="N40450A" type="main"> <s id="N40450C">His ab&longs;olutis <expan abbr="proximũ">proximum</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="in&longs;ternãtur / res">in&longs;ternantur / res</expan> in tota ædificatione <lb/>primaria / et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> magis nece&longs;&longs;aria <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> difficilis: in qua a&longs;&longs;equenda et <lb/>perficiunda omnis <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> cura et diligentia iterum atque iterum ela<lb/>borauit. </s> <s id="N404525">De his nobis dicendum e&longs;t: Sed prius illud <expan abbr="inter&longs;erendũ">inter&longs;erendum</expan> <lb/>iuuat: quod ad <expan abbr="te&longs;tudinũ">te&longs;tudinum</expan> opus inprimis &longs;pectat. </s> <s id="N404532">Et enim inter te<lb/>&longs;tudines ab&longs;oluendas differentia e&longs;t: Nam qui arcus aut te&longs;tudo <lb/>&longs;ubiectis armamentis facienda <expan abbr="&longs;it / cõfe&longs;tim">&longs;it / confe&longs;tim</expan> atque minime intermi&longs;<lb/>&longs;o opere a&longs;truatur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Quæ uero &longs;ine armamentis fiat / in<lb/>tercalationibus prope &longs;ingulos <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> ordines <expan abbr="ĩdiget">indiget</expan>: quoad <expan abbr="cõge&longs;ta">conge&longs;ta</expan> fir<lb/>mentur: ne partes noui&longs;&longs;imæ &longs;uperadiectæ / pri&longs;tinis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;atis firma<lb/>tis / re&longs;olutæ defluant. </s> <s id="N404555">Et præterea armamentatis te&longs;tudinibus iu<lb/>uat ilico / ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ũmis">&longs;ummis</expan> conclu&longs;æ fuerint cuneis paulo / ut ita loquar / <lb/>relentare &longs;ubices / quibus <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> &longs;ub&longs;tineantur: Id quidem ut <lb/>recenti adhuc in opere <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;&longs;i">commi&longs;&longs;i</expan> cunei <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> natent inter <expan abbr="fom&etilde;ta">fomenta</expan> et <expan abbr="fultũ">ful<lb/>tum</expan> calcis: Sed <expan abbr="coequabil&etilde;">coequabilem</expan> inter &longs;e acquie&longs;cendi &longs;edem &longs;uis libratis <lb/>ponderibus occupent: Alioquin inter &longs;icci&longs;cendum conge&longs;ta non <lb/>ut opus <expan abbr="po&longs;tulat / cõ&longs;tipatæ">po&longs;tulat / con&longs;tipatæ</expan> <expan abbr="congruer&etilde;t">congruerent</expan>: &longs;ed rimas <expan abbr="relinquer&etilde;t">relinquerent</expan> &longs;e<lb/>dendo: Idcirco &longs;ic fiat / non pror&longs;us adimantur &longs;ed in dies &longs;en&longs;im <lb/><expan abbr="relent&etilde;tur">relententur</expan> <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan>: ne &longs;i non <expan abbr="att&etilde;perate">attemperate</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ubdemas / crudũ">&longs;ubdemas / crudum</expan> opus <lb/>&longs;equatur. </s> <s id="N4045A1">Po&longs;t dies uero aliquos pro operis magnitudine adhuc <lb/>plu&longs;culum <expan abbr="rel&etilde;tato">relentato</expan>: Sic deinceps facito / quoad lapidei per te&longs;tudi<lb/>nem cunei &longs;e&longs;e coaptent / et opus dure&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N4045AC"><expan abbr="Relentãdi">Relentandi</expan> modus hic <lb/>e&longs;t: Nam cum operis <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> in pilis aut ubi <expan abbr="cõducat">conducat</expan> con&longs;titu <lb/>eris: primum illic &longs;ubigis capitibus ip&longs;is armamenti cuneos ligne<lb/>os ad bipennis &longs;imilitudinem acuminatos. </s> <s id="N4045C0">Cum igitur relentate <lb/>opus libueri / malleolo cuneos ho&longs;ce di&longs;trudes &longs;en&longs;im quoad uo<lb/>les / &longs;ine periculo. </s> <s id="N4045C9">Denique &longs;ic &longs;tatuo / non ante integram per<lb/>pe&longs;&longs;am hyemem armamenta e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ubdemenda: Id quidem cum<lb/> ob cæteras res: tum ne imbrium madefactione eneruatum re&longs;olu<pb xlink:href="004/01/101.jpg"/>tumque opus proruat: Tam et&longs;i dari te&longs;tudinibus nihil <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> <lb/>pote&longs;t: quam ut aquam abunde combibant / et <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> &longs;itim &longs;entiant. <lb/></s> <s id="N4045E3">Hactenus de his.</s> </p> <p id="N4045E6" type="main"> <s id="N4045E8">Redeo ad tecti cru&longs;tam. </s> <s id="N4045EB">Nempe &longs;i recte interpretamur / nihil e&longs;t <lb/>in toto ædificio <expan abbr="antiquius/&qtilde;">antiquius / quae</expan> habere &longs;ub quo urentes &longs;oles atque e <lb/>coelo cadentes tempe&longs;tates profugiens excipiare. </s> <s id="N4045F6">Id adeo benefi<lb/>cium tibi ut perhenne &longs;it / præ&longs;tat non paries / non area / non quod uis <lb/>i&longs;torum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan>: &longs;ed una inprimis <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> uidere licet / extrema te<lb/>cti cru&longs;tula: quam ip&longs;am habere contra omnes <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> iniurias <lb/>ualidam / prout rei nece&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;tulat / atque <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tantem">con&longs;tantem</expan> hominum <lb/>indu&longs;tria et artes facto rerum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> periculo uix dum &longs;atis reper<lb/>tam reddidere. </s> <s id="N404619">Neque facile reperiri po&longs;&longs;e confido: Nam cum <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;olum imbrem: uerum et gelationes et æ&longs;tus / et <expan abbr="ommũ">omnium</expan> item infe<lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi uenti lace&longs;&longs;ere <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> <expan abbr="intermittãt">intermittant</expan>: quis tam a&longs;&longs;iduos <expan abbr="tãqueacerrimos">tamque <lb/>acerrimos</expan> ho&longs;tes tolerare u&longs;piam diutius po&longs;&longs;it: Hinc e&longs;t quod alia <lb/>ilico putre&longs;cunt: alia <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;oluũtur">di&longs;&longs;oluuntur</expan>: alia parietes <expan abbr="deprimũt">deprimunt</expan>: alia fin<lb/>duntur / rumpuntur: alia <expan abbr="ab&longs;tergũtur">ab&longs;terguntur</expan>: ut ne metalla quidem alibi <lb/>contra <expan abbr="tempe&longs;tatũ">tempe&longs;tatum</expan> iniurias inuicta i&longs;tic tam multas perferre offen<lb/>&longs;iones queant. </s> <s id="N40464E">Sed homines pro locorum natura copiarum rerum / <lb/>quæ ad manus &longs;ubueniret non a&longs;pernati / quoad licuit nece&longs;&longs;itati <lb/>prouiderunt: Ergo uariæ <expan abbr="contegendorũ">contegendorum</expan> operum ortae ob&longs;eruatio<lb/>nes. </s> <s id="N40465D">Pyrges inquit Vetruuius / harundine: et apud Ma&longs;&longs;iliam <lb/>&longs;ubacta cum paleis terra <expan abbr="operiũt">operiunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N404666">Thelophagi apud <expan abbr="aramãtas/">Garamantas /</expan> <lb/>ut refert <expan abbr="Plinius / te&longs;tudinũ">Plinius / te&longs;tudinum</expan> &longs;uperficiem cru&longs;tis tegunt. </s> <s id="N404674">Maxima <lb/>pars Germaniæ a&longs;&longs;erulis utitur. </s> <s id="N404679">In Belgica prouincia candidum <lb/>facilius <expan abbr="&longs;ecãt">&longs;ecant</expan> <expan abbr="lapidem/&qtilde;">lapidem / quae</expan> <expan abbr="lignũ">lignum</expan> tenues in laminas: quas pro tegu<lb/>lis <expan abbr="exponũt">exponunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N404690">Ligures ætru&longs;cique tegendis ædibus lata&longs;tras <expan abbr="adhib&etilde;t">adhibent</expan> <lb/>cru&longs;to&longs;o ex lapide di&longs;ceptas. </s> <s id="N404699">Alii <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ta">pauimenta</expan> de quibus mox <expan abbr="referã">referam</expan> <lb/>experti / tandem <expan abbr="oĩbus">omnibus</expan> <expan abbr="periclitatis / nõdum">periclitatis / nondum</expan> tamen ingenia et indu<lb/>&longs;tria <expan abbr="mortaliũ">mortalium</expan> inuenere <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> tegula te&longs;tacea: Nam <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;torum">pauimen<lb/>torum</expan> quidem opus pruinis &longs;cabre&longs;cit / findit / &longs;idet. </s> <s id="N4046BE">Plumbum <lb/>feruoribus &longs;olis collique&longs;cit. </s> <s id="N4046C3">æs &longs;i graue e&longs;t / magno ponitur: &longs;i <lb/>tenue / uentis deturbatur / atque ærugine gracile&longs;cit / ablaceratur. <lb/></s> <s id="N4046CB"><expan abbr="Tegulã">Tegulam</expan> ciprium <expan abbr="qu&etilde;dam">quendam</expan> <expan abbr="Criniã">Criniam</expan> agricolæ <expan abbr="filiũ">filium</expan> inueni&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ferũt">ferunt</expan>. <pb xlink:href="004/01/102.jpg"/>Eius duo &longs;unt genera: unum planum / latum pedem / longum cubi<lb/>tum &longs;pondis hinc atque hinc hirtis extantibus ad &longs;ui latitudinem <lb/>partem nonam: Aliud aduolutum et crurium tuendarum arma <lb/>imitetur: Ambo qua imbrem defluentem capiant apertiores: qua <lb/>euomant arctiores. </s> <s id="N4046ED">Sed plani imbrices <expan abbr="cõmodiores">commodiores</expan> &longs;unt: modo <lb/>ita iungantur ad regulam et libellam / ne in latus <expan abbr="p&etilde;deant">pendeant</expan>: necubi <lb/>lacunæ intercurrant / aut tumuli extent: ne quid tran&longs;uer&longs;i fluen<lb/>tem pluuiam interpellat: ne quid interuacuum relinquatur. </s> <s id="N4046FE">Va<lb/>&longs;ta &longs;i erit tecti &longs;uperficies / ampliores exigentur tegulæ: ne imbri<lb/>um riuuli canalibus non recipientibus <expan abbr="&longs;uperfundãtur">&longs;uperfundantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404709">Tegulam <lb/>ne turbines a&longs;portent / uelim omnem fultu calcis affirmari: præ<lb/>&longs;ertim in publicis operibus: Nam in priuatis &longs;at erit &longs;i prima &longs;til<lb/>licidia contra uentorum impetum affirmaris: tum et &longs;oluti aptius <lb/>in&longs;taurantur / ubi uitium factum &longs;it. </s> <s id="N404714">Alio quid id hunc in <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> <lb/>fiet apti&longs;&longs;ime: Nam in tectis <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ligneis a&longs;&longs;ium loco te&longs;taceæ <lb/>tabellulæ ad decurrentes quadrulos extendentur uinctæ gyp&longs;o. <lb/></s> <s id="N404724">In has tabellulas &longs;uperin&longs;ternentur plani imbrices / et firmabun<lb/>tur calce: Opus id contra ignes tuti&longs;&longs;imum / et ad u&longs;um <expan abbr="incolarũ">incolarum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="accommodati&longs;&longs;imũ">accommodati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: Et minore fiet impen&longs;a / &longs;i tabellu&longs;arum lo<lb/>co cannam græcam &longs;ubin&longs;traueris / calceque firmaris. </s> <s id="N404734">Tegulam / <lb/>quam præ&longs;ertim operibus publicis calce affirmaris / uelim non ni<lb/>&longs;i biennio &longs;ub gelu et &longs;ole habitam &longs;umas: Inualida enim &longs;i fuerit <lb/>po&longs;ita / non &longs;ine operis di&longs;pendio tolletur. </s> <s id="N40473D">Subuenit ut illud refe<lb/>ram / quod apud Diodorum hi&longs;toricum celebres illos ad hortos <lb/>pen&longs;iles Syriæ nouo et minime inutili inuento factum legimus: <lb/>Nam in trabibus quidem harundines a&longs;phalto oblitas appo&longs;uere: <lb/>in eas coctos lapides coaptauere duplici in&longs;tratura uinctos gyp&longs;o: <lb/>Tertio loco plumbeas <expan abbr="adiũxere">adiunxere</expan> tegulas ita <expan abbr="cõflatas">conflatas</expan> atque <expan abbr="coagm&etilde;tatas">coagmen<lb/>tatas</expan> : ut nullus humor ad primos lateres penetraret.</s> </p> <p id="N404758" type="main"> <s id="N40475A">Venio ad pauimenta: quando ea quidem tectorum naturam &longs;a<lb/>piunt. </s> <s id="N40475F">Horum alia &longs;ubcliuo: alia contignatis: alia non contigna<lb/>tis: utri&longs;que &longs;olidam et ad &longs;uas lineas <expan abbr="exactã">exactam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e oportet <expan abbr="&longs;upfici&etilde;">&longs;uperficiem</expan>: <lb/>ubi <expan abbr="inducan&ttilde;">inducantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404772">Subcliuo &longs;uperficies <expan abbr="fa&longs;tigiabi&ttilde;">fa&longs;tigiabitur</expan>: ut indenos quo&longs;que pe<lb/>des nihil minus binum declinet digitum. </s> <s id="N40477B">Et habebit quo aqua <pb xlink:href="004/01/103.jpg"/>defluens aut in ci&longs;ternas excipiatur: aut deriuetur in coaclas. </s> <s id="N404782">His <lb/>ex cloacis &longs;i aut in mare aut in amnes non poterit refundi / infun<lb/>dito aptis locis puteos ad aquam u&longs;que &longs;caturientem: fe&longs;&longs;amque re <lb/>pleto &longs;axo globo&longs;o. </s> <s id="N40478B">Id demum &longs;i non licebit / foueas inquiunt fa <lb/>cito capaces / et indito carbones: deinde completo &longs;abulo / hac hu<lb/>moris exuberantiam &longs;orbebunt atque ab&longs;ument. </s> <s id="N404794">Cæterum &longs;i erit <lb/>areæ &longs;olum conge&longs;titium / fe&longs;tucabitur acurati&longs;&longs;ime et &longs;uperindu<lb/>cetur / cum &longs;catumine rudus: Sin autem erit &longs;ubcontignata &longs;uper<lb/>ficies: tunc altera &longs;uperaffigatur tran&longs;uer&longs;a coa&longs;&longs;atio / et &longs;tatumi<lb/>netur / et inducatur rudus cra&longs;&longs;um pede: Subrudus &longs;unt qui &longs;par<lb/>tum aut filicem &longs;ub&longs;ternendam putent: ne quid materia calcis <expan abbr="cõtactu">con<lb/>tactu</expan> uitietur. </s> <s id="N4047A7">Rudus &longs;i erit nouum / ad tres partes una calcis mi<lb/>&longs;ceatur: &longs;i re&longs;iduum ad quinque duæ: inductum con&longs;pi&longs;&longs;etur / ce<lb/>dendo uectibus celeberrime: His ad cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digitorum &longs;e <lb/>num addatur pultis extexta trita: quæ ad tris partis unam habeat <lb/>admixtam calcis. </s> <s id="N4047B2">Vltimo in&longs;erantur fertilia / aut te&longs;ta &longs;picacea / <lb/>aut te&longs;&longs;ere ad lineam et regulam. </s> <s id="N4047B7">Tutius erit opus / &longs;i inter &longs;catu<lb/>men et pultem imbrices tegulæ iunctæ calce ex oleo <expan abbr="in&longs;tern&etilde;tur">in&longs;ternentur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4047C1">Pauimentum non &longs;ubdiuale / quod eius ob&longs;iccitatem egregie pro<lb/>bant / &longs;ic fieri iubet Varro: fodito ad pedes binos / et fe&longs;tucato &longs;o<lb/>lum: et in ducito aut rudus aut te&longs;taceum <expan abbr="pauimentũ">pauimentum</expan>: Dimittito <lb/>apertas nares: unde &longs;uos per canales humor extillet: congerito <lb/>carbones: hi&longs;que proculcatis atque admodum in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;atis inducito fa<lb/>bulone et calce et fauilla mixtam offam cra&longs;&longs;itudine &longs;emipedali. <lb/></s> <s id="N4047D5">Hæc quæ hactenus recen&longs;uimus ex Plinio atque inprimis Vetru<lb/>uio interpretati &longs;umus.</s> </p> <p id="N4047DA" type="main"> <s id="N4047DC">Nunc quæ de pauimentis ex ueterum operibus &longs;umma et cura et <lb/>diligentia collegerim / referam: a quibus plura me longe <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> a &longs;cri<lb/>ptoribus profiteor didici&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N4047E3">Atqui incipiam quidem a &longs;umma <lb/><expan abbr="cru&longs;ta / quã&qtilde;">cru&longs;ta / quamque</expan> non infirmam et rimo&longs;am habere per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> difficile qui<lb/>dem e&longs;&longs;e: Nam cum humore pregnans e&longs;t humida / fit &longs;ole uen<lb/>tis ue ut &longs;ummotenus &longs;icce&longs;cat. </s> <s id="N4047EF">Ex qua re uti in re&longs;iduo alluui<lb/>onis uidemus luto contrahitur cutis / atque fi&longs;&longs;uras pandit ine<lb/>mendabiles: Nam illic partes quæ aruerint / quouis artificio <pb xlink:href="004/01/104.jpg"/>amplius non cohærent. </s> <s id="N4047FC">Humectæ uero partes facile protrahenti<lb/>bus cædunt et &longs;ecuntur. </s> <s id="N404801">Cru&longs;tam uideo aut te&longs;taceam impo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ueteres / aut lapideam: Nam tegulas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> maxime ubi pedibus <lb/>non pre&longs;&longs;entur / po&longs;itas uidi quaque ua&longs;us latas cubito <expan abbr="iũctas">iunctas</expan> calce <lb/>ex oleo: et ui&longs;untur laterculi minuti cra&longs;&longs;i unum lati binum digi<lb/>tum: longi duplo <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> lati iuncti &longs;tantes in latus ad &longs;picarum imita<lb/><expan abbr="imitation&etilde;">imita<lb/>tionem</expan>. </s> <s id="N40481D">Lapideas cru&longs;tas uidere pa&longs;&longs;im licet ex tabulis marmoreis <lb/>grandioribus: et item ex re&longs;ectis minutioribus atque te&longs;&longs;erulis. <lb/></s> <s id="N404823">Præterea &longs;pectantur uetu&longs;tæ cru&longs;tæ ex &longs;ola materia: quæ fiat iun<lb/>cta calce / harena et tun&longs;a te&longs;ta minutiore <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> coniector ex ter<lb/>tia. </s> <s id="N40482E"><expan abbr="Compercũ">Compertum</expan> habeo cru&longs;tas ha&longs;ce fore firmiores et con&longs;tantiores <lb/>&longs;i partem adieceris quartam tun&longs;i lapidis tyburtini. </s> <s id="N404836">Sunt qui <expan abbr="puteolanũ">pu<lb/>teolanum</expan> puluerem / quem rapillum <expan abbr="nũcupant/">nuncupant /</expan> huic operi probent <lb/><expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan> in modum. </s> <s id="N404847">Cru&longs;tas item quæ ex &longs;ola &longs;int materia obductæ <lb/>experiri licet / uerberatu crebriore et in dies iterato acquirere &longs;pi&longs;<lb/>&longs;itudinem et duritiem prope ut &longs;uperet lapidem: Et cru&longs;tis i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi con&longs;tat / &longs;i lotura calcis a&longs;pergantur: &longs;i oleo linaceo oblini<lb/>antur / importari duritiem quandam uitream / et contra tempe&longs;ta<lb/>tes illæ&longs;am. </s> <s id="N404854">Calcem oleo &longs;ubactam affirmant nihil <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tis">pauimentis</expan> <expan abbr="nociuũ">no<lb/>ciuum</expan> admittere. </s> <s id="N404860">Sub cru&longs;ta uideo affu&longs;am materiam ex calce et <lb/>minutulis te&longs;tæ perfractæ ad cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digitorum binum tri<lb/>numque: Sub ea offenditur qua&longs;i infarctura partim ex te&longs;ta perfra<lb/>cta: partim ex minutulis lapidum / quæ fabri excu&longs;&longs;erint &longs;calpro: <lb/>et hanc ferme cra&longs;&longs;am pedem alibi inter &longs;uperiorem: atque hanc in <lb/>uenio te&longs;taceos laterculos &longs;ub&longs;tratos po&longs;tremo infimum &longs;axa &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;idunt pugnis non maiora. </s> <s id="N40486F">Videre licet in torrente &longs;axa quæ ma<lb/>&longs;cula dicuntur: uti &longs;unt globo&longs;a &longs;ilicea et uitraria / ilico ex aquis <lb/>&longs;icce&longs;cere: Te&longs;tam uero et tofum et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi diu &longs;eruare <expan abbr="cõcep">concep<lb/>tum</expan> humorem. </s> <s id="N40487C">Ex quo &longs;unt qui affirment <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> penetrare <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> <lb/>ad cru&longs;tas humorem ex tellure: ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ubin&longs;tratũ">&longs;ubin&longs;tratum</expan> i&longs;toc fiet &longs;axo <expan abbr="uimentũ">pa<lb/>uimentum</expan>. </s> <s id="N404892">Vidimus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> qui in pu&longs;illas pilas &longs;exquipedales qua<lb/>drato <expan abbr="ordīe">ordine</expan> per <expan abbr="&longs;olũ">&longs;olum</expan> binos in pedes di&longs;po&longs;itas / appo&longs;uere tegulas te<lb/>&longs;taceas: quibus <expan abbr="ī&longs;truxere">in&longs;truxere</expan> quale diximus <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tũ">pauimentum</expan>. </s> <s id="N4048AD">Sed hoc <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ti">pauimenti</expan> <lb/>genus præcipue ad balneas pertinet: de quibus &longs;uo dicetur loco. <pb xlink:href="004/01/105.jpg"/>humore humectoque aere gaudent pauimenta dum fiunt. </s> <s id="N4048BA">Et in um<lb/>bro&longs;o atque humido firmiora et integriora &longs;eruantur. </s> <s id="N4048BF">Et pauimen<lb/>tis nocua inprimis &longs;unt / &longs;oli infirmitas / et repens ex&longs;iccatio. </s> <s id="N4048C4"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>ueluti reiteratis pluuiis den&longs;atur in aruis tellus: ita et pauimenta <lb/>abunde humectata unam integramque in&longs;oliditatem <expan abbr="ferruminan&ttilde;">ferruminantur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4048D3">Quo in loco pauimenti ex fi&longs;tulis tectorum imber cadens excipi<lb/>tur / lapideam po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e oportet cru&longs;tam <expan abbr="per&quml;">perquam</expan> integram et admo <lb/>dum &longs;olidam: ne impotentium guttarum a&longs;&longs;idua / ut ita loquar / <lb/>improbitate refodiatur atque uitietur. </s> <s id="N4048DC">Præterea <expan abbr="pauimentũ">pauimentum</expan> quod <lb/>in materia et contignato in&longs;ternitur curandum e&longs;t ut o&longs;&longs;a quibus <lb/>&longs;u&longs;tineatur / uiribus &longs;int ualida et inter &longs;e coæqualia: Quæ res &longs;i <lb/>non erit: puta &longs;iquo loco aut paries aut trabs ualde robu&longs;tior cæte<lb/>ris &longs;ubiecta &longs;it: eo loci findetur pauimentum atque uitiabitur. </s> <s id="N4048EB">Nam <lb/>cum materia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;emper eodem tenore uigoreque con&longs;i&longs;tat / &longs;ed tem<lb/>porum uarietatibus moueatur / humidis molle&longs;cit: &longs;iccis ad rigi<lb/>ditatem &longs;e&longs;e reuocat atque obfirmat: ea re partibus eneruatioribus <lb/>&longs;ub pondere laborantibus atque &longs;identibus nimium finditur. <lb/></s> <s id="N4048FD">De his hactenus.</s> </p> <p id="N404900" type="main"> <s id="N404902">Sed illud nolim præterii&longs;&longs;e quod probe faciat ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan>. </s> <s id="N404909">Namque, alia <lb/>quidem fundamentis fodiundis: alia complendis. </s> <s id="N40490E">alia parietibus <lb/>attollendis: alia te&longs;tudinibus imponendis: alia cru&longs;tis <expan abbr="obduc&etilde;dis">obducendis</expan> <lb/>tempora atque anni acri&longs;que modus et facies debentur. </s> <s id="N404919">Et enim fodi<lb/>untur quidem <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> per caniculam atque ip&longs;um per <expan abbr="autũnũ">autumnum</expan> <lb/>tellure arenti et humoris exuberantia fo&longs;&longs;iones non impediente. <lb/></s> <s id="N404929">Complent etiam haud omnino <expan abbr="incõmode">incommode</expan> ad primum uer / maxi<lb/>me ubi profundiora &longs;int: nam ab æ&longs;tatis ardoribus &longs;atis protegen<lb/>tur tellure ob&longs;idente atque <expan abbr="circũfouente">circumfouente</expan>. </s> <s id="N404938">Sed longe commodius <lb/>complebuntur ad brume initium: modo ea regio non &longs;it &longs;ub coeli <lb/>axe et eiu&longs;modi: ut e ue&longs;tigio gelet potius quam cohæreat. </s> <s id="N404941">Paries <lb/>quoque <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> æ&longs;tus nimios: tum et acres algores atque &longs;ubitas <expan abbr="gelatiões">gelationes</expan> <lb/>atque præcæteris aquilones uentos odit. </s> <s id="N404950">Et inprimis te&longs;tudo omnium <lb/>maxime æquabilem et contemperatam coeli tempe&longs;tatem optat: <lb/>quoad obfirmauerit opus &longs;e&longs;e / atque duruerit. </s> <s id="N404959">Cru&longs;tas per quam <expan abbr="att&etilde;perate">attem<lb/>perate</expan> inducemus ad uergiliarum ortum: et per eos demum dies <pb xlink:href="004/01/106.jpg"/>quibus multo afflarint humectarintque hau&longs;tri: Nam ni pror&longs;us <lb/>humectum &longs;it quod cru&longs;ta aut opere dealbario ue&longs;tiatur / <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cohe<lb/>re&longs;cent appo&longs;ita: &longs;ed pa&longs;&longs;im diffi&longs;a di&longs;cerptaque decident: crebraque <lb/>&longs;cabritie opus dehone&longs;tabitur. </s> <s id="N404970">Sed de cru&longs;ta albarioque opere &longs;uo <lb/>loco diffu&longs;ius dicetur. </s> <s id="N404975">Nunc ab&longs;olutis rerum dicendarum gene<lb/>ribus / ad reliqua di&longs;tinctius con&longs;ideranda tran&longs;eamus. </s> <s id="N40497A">Et primo <lb/>de ædificiorum generibus et uarietate: et quid cuique debeatur: pro<lb/>xime de ædificiorum <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tis">ornamentis</expan>: po&longs;tremo de i&longs;torum uitiis: quæ <lb/>aut opificis errore / aut temporum iniuria facta &longs;int / emendandis <lb/>aut in&longs;taurandis tran&longs;igemus.</s> </p> <p id="N404989" type="head"> <s id="N40498B">LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE VNI<lb/>VERSORVM OPERE LIBER. IIII. INCIPIT</s> </p> <p id="N404990" type="main"> <s id="N404992"><arrow.to.target n="marg4"/></s> </p> <p id="N404997" type="margin"> <s id="N404999"><margin.target id="marg4"/>a</s> </p> <p id="N40499E" type="main"> <s id="N4049A0">EDIFICIA HOMINVM ESSE CAV<lb/>&longs;a con&longs;tituta in promptu e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4049A5">Nam principio <lb/>quidem / &longs;i recte <expan abbr="ĩterpretamur / facere">interpretamur / facere</expan> opus ho<lb/>mines coepere: quo &longs;e &longs;uaque ab aduer&longs;is <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;tatibus">tempe<lb/>&longs;tatibus</expan> tuerentur. </s> <s id="N4049B6">Proxime item pro&longs;ecuti <lb/>&longs;unt non modo uellent quæ ad &longs;alutem e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria: uerum et &longs;iqua etiam ad expeditas <lb/>qua&longs;que <expan abbr="cõmoditates">commoditates</expan> a&longs;&longs;equendas conferrent: ea <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e præter <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;a uoluere. </s> <s id="N4049C9">Inde adeo rerum oportunitate admoniti atque illec<lb/>ti eo deuenere: ut etiam quæ ad uoluptates explendas facerent ex <lb/>cogitarint / in die&longs;que u&longs;urparint: ut &longs;iquis ita dixerit / ædificia fore <lb/>aliqua ad uitæ nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad u&longs;us oportunitatem: alia ad <lb/>temporum uoluptatem diffinita: forta&longs;&longs;is apte ad rem aliquid di<lb/>xerit. </s> <s id="N4049D6">Sed cum ædificiorum <expan abbr="circũ&longs;picimus">circum&longs;picimus</expan> copiam et <expan abbr="uarietat&etilde;">uarietatem</expan>: <lb/>facile intelligimus non tantum hos e&longs;&longs;e ad u&longs;us omnia: neque <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> <lb/>tantum aut illorum gratia comparata: Sed pro <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> uarietate <lb/>inprimis fieri / ut habeamus opera uaria et multiplicia. </s> <s id="N4049EF">Quod &longs;i <lb/>ædificiorum genera / et generum ip&longs;orum partes &longs;atis / uti in&longs;titu<lb/>imus / adnota&longs;&longs;e uoluerimus: omnis inue&longs;tigandi ratio nobis hinc <lb/>captanda &longs;it atque inchoanda: ut homines / quorum cau&longs;a con&longs;tent <pb xlink:href="004/01/107.jpg"/>ædificia / et quorum ex u&longs;u uarientur accuratius <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ideremus">con&longs;ideremus</expan> quod <lb/>inter &longs;e differant: quo inde &longs;ingula clarius recognita di&longs;tinctius <lb/>pertractentur. </s> <s id="N404A04">Repetamus ea de re / quid de hominum cætu par<lb/>tiundo ueteres illi rerum publicarum legumque conditores uiri pe<lb/>riti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;en&longs;erint: qui &longs;tudio / cura / diligentiaque i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus <lb/>per&longs;eruerandis atque recen&longs;endis &longs;umma cum laude inuentorumque <lb/>admiratione uer&longs;ati &longs;unt.</s> </p> <p id="N404A0F" type="main"> <s id="N404A11">The&longs;eus / inquit Plutarcus / rem <expan abbr="publicã">publicam</expan> diui&longs;it in eos qui leges <lb/>diuinas atque humanas <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituerent">con&longs;tituerent</expan> atque <expan abbr="interpretar&etilde;tur">interpretarentur</expan>: et eos qui <lb/>artificio <expan abbr="exerceren&ttilde;">exercerentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404A28">Solon pro cen&longs;us <expan abbr="diuitiarũque">diuitiarumque</expan> copia et modo <lb/>&longs;uorum habuit ciuium ordines di&longs;tributos: ita ut qui minus. </s> <s id="N404A31">ccc. <lb/></s> <s id="N404A35">ex agris annua exciperent prope in ciuium numero cen&longs;endos <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>putarit. </s> <s id="N404A3E">Athenien&longs;es primos &longs;ibi habuere uiros doctrina et u&longs;u re<lb/>rum cultos / ac peritos: proximos oratores: po&longs;tremo opifices. <lb/></s> <s id="N404A44">Romulus a plebe equites et patritios di&longs;creuit. </s> <s id="N404A47">At Numa rex ple<lb/>bem diui&longs;am fecit per artes. </s> <s id="N404A4C">Apud Gallias plebs pene <expan abbr="&longs;eruorũ">&longs;eruorum</expan> du<lb/>cebatur &longs;orte: Reliquos aut milites fui&longs;&longs;e tradit Cæ&longs;ar: aut <expan abbr="&longs;api&etilde;">&longs;apien</expan><lb/>tiæ religionique deditos: quos illi Druides <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan>. </s> <s id="N404A5F">Apud Pan<lb/>theos &longs;upremi &longs;unt &longs;acerdotes: &longs;ecundi agricolæ: tertii milites: <lb/>cum quibus et pa&longs;tores et duces ouium. </s> <s id="N404A66"><expan abbr="Britãni">Britanni</expan> &longs;uos quatuor di <lb/><expan abbr="uidebãt">uidebant</expan> generibus: Primi erant quibu&longs; fiant reges: alteri &longs;acerdo<lb/>tes: tertio loco milites: po&longs;tremo uulgus. </s> <s id="N404A73">Aegyptii primos dede<lb/>re gradus &longs;acerdoti: &longs;ubinde reges præfecto&longs;que locarunt: tertio po<lb/>&longs;uere ordine bellatores: et <expan abbr="multitudin&etilde;">multitudinem</expan> diuer&longs;e itidem inter agri <lb/>colas pecuarios artifice&longs;que / atque etiam / ut inquit Herodotus / <expan abbr="merc&etilde;narium">mer<lb/>cennarium</expan> et nautam. </s> <s id="N404A85"><expan abbr="Hippodamũ">Hippodamum</expan> referunt &longs;uam quoque diui&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <lb/>rem <expan abbr="publicã">publicam</expan> in partes tris: artificem / agricolam / et <expan abbr="propul&longs;ator&etilde;">propul&longs;atorem</expan> <lb/>belli. </s> <s id="N404A97">Non improba&longs;&longs;e Ari&longs;toteles eos ui&longs;us e&longs;t: qui a multitudi<lb/>ne &longs;elegerint dignos: quos <expan abbr="cõ&longs;iliis / magi&longs;tratibus / iudiciis">con&longs;iliis / magi&longs;tratibus / iudiciis</expan> ue præ<lb/>ficerent: Cæteram uero plebem diui&longs;am reliquerint inter agrico<lb/>las / artifices / mercatores / mercenarios / equites / pedites / et <expan abbr="turbã">turbam</expan> <lb/>naualem. </s> <s id="N404AAC">Cui haud multo <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;imil&etilde;">di&longs;&longs;imilem</expan> ex Diodoro hi&longs;torico fui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>apud Indos rem <expan abbr="publicã">publicam</expan> apparet: Nam illic &longs;acerdos / arator / pa<lb/>&longs;tor / artifex / miles / effori: et qui publicis con&longs;iliis præ&longs;unt.<pb xlink:href="004/01/108.jpg"/>Plato rem publicam alteram dixit pacatam e&longs;&longs;e: et ocii quieti&longs;que <lb/>cupidam: Alteram ardentem et bellatricem: prout eorum e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>animi / qui rebus præ e&longs;&longs;ent. </s> <s id="N404AC4">Exque animi partibus omnem ciuium <lb/>multitudinem partitus e&longs;t: Vnam eorum / qui ratione <expan abbr="con&longs;ilioquecũcta'">con&longs;ilioque <lb/>cuncta '</expan> moderantur: Alteram eorum qui armis iniurias pro&longs;equan<lb/>tur: Tertiam eorum qui alimenta / quibus patres et milites &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tententur / præbeant et &longs;ubmini&longs;trent. </s> <s id="N404AD3">Hæc de multis ueterum <lb/><expan abbr="cõmentariis">commentariis</expan> excerpta breui&longs;&longs;ime per&longs;trinxi: Ex quibus illud admo<lb/>neri uideor: ut quas collegerim / omnes e&longs;&longs;e rerum <expan abbr="publicarũ">publicarum</expan> par<lb/>tes &longs;tatuam: &longs;inguli&longs;que &longs;ingula deberi ædificiorum genera diiudi<lb/>cem. </s> <s id="N404AE5">Sed nos quo ex in&longs;tituto rem totam di&longs;tinctius <expan abbr="trã&longs;igamus">tran&longs;igamus</expan> <lb/>iuuet &longs;ic di&longs;&longs;erui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N404AEE">Mortalium numerum &longs;iquis in partes diui <lb/>&longs;urus &longs;it / quidnam huic aliud principio ueniet in mentem: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut <lb/>&longs;entiat non eo&longs;dem cen&longs;endos e&longs;&longs;e: &longs;i una loci alicuius incolas uni <lb/>uer&longs;os con&longs;ideres: atque &longs;i partibus &longs;eparatos di&longs;tincto&longs;que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;eas">recen&longs;eas</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N404B00">Proxime naturam ip&longs;am contemplatus num &longs;entiet illos quidem <lb/>in qua poti&longs;&longs;imum re alter ab altero differat: ex ea &longs;ibi re notas ca<lb/>ptandas e&longs;&longs;e: quibus alteros ab alteris &longs;ecernat. </s> <s id="N404B07">Atqui nihil e&longs;t / <lb/>quo magis homo qui&longs;piam differat ab homine / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> una illa in re: <lb/>qua ab genere beluarum longi&longs;&longs;ime abe&longs;t / ratione et artium opti<lb/>marum cognitione: adde &longs;i uelis fortunæ <expan abbr="pro&longs;peritat&etilde;">pro&longs;peritatem</expan>: Quibus <lb/>in dotibus omnibus pauci una inter mortales præ&longs;tant atque excel<lb/>lunt. </s> <s id="N404B1C">Hinc igitur prima nobis patebit diui&longs;io: ut paucos ex om<lb/>ni multitudine &longs;eligamus: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> alii &longs;apientia con&longs;ilio ingenioque <lb/>illu&longs;tres: alii u&longs;u rerum et peritia probati: alii opum copia et for<lb/>tunarum affluentia exi&longs;tant celebres. </s> <s id="N404B29">His primarias rei publicæ <lb/>partes <expan abbr="cõmittendas">committendas</expan> quis neget? </s> <s id="N404B32">Ergo egregiis uiris qui con&longs;ilio <lb/>polleant / prima et cura et moderatio rerum <expan abbr="cõmendabitur">commendabitur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404B3B">Hi <lb/>rem diuinam religione &longs;tatuent: iu&longs;ti æquique modum lege con&longs;ti<lb/>tuent: bene beateque uiuendi uiam mon&longs;trabunt: pro auctoritate <lb/>dignitateque <expan abbr="&longs;uorũ">&longs;uorum</expan> ciuium tuenda in die&longs;que augenda <expan abbr="aduigilabũt">aduigilabunt</expan>: <lb/>Atque ubi quid <expan abbr="cõmodum/">commodum/</expan> utile / nece&longs;&longs;arium fore præ&longs;en&longs;erint: <lb/><expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ip&longs;i ætate forte fe&longs;&longs;i contemplandis rebus occupari maluerint <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> exequendis: demandabunt peritis u&longs;u rerum atque ad agendum <pb xlink:href="004/01/109.jpg"/>expeditis: ut de patria bene mereri pro&longs;equantur. </s> <s id="N404B5D">Hi uero al<lb/>teri &longs;u&longs;cepto negocio / cum domi &longs;olertia et &longs;olicitudine: tum fo<lb/>ris labore et tolerantia rem ex officio <expan abbr="procurabũt">procurabunt</expan>: dicent ius: du<lb/>ctitabunt militem: <expan abbr="exercebũt">exercebunt</expan> &longs;eque <expan abbr="&longs;uorũque">&longs;uorumque</expan> manus et indu&longs;triam. <lb/></s> <s id="N404B73">Demum cum rebus perficiundis intelligent fru&longs;tra inniti: ni&longs;i et <lb/>facultates ad&longs;int: Ad i&longs;tos igitur proximi ue: quibus aut ex agro <lb/>aut mercatura facultates &longs;uppeditent. </s> <s id="N404B7A">Cætera omnis <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ma<lb/>nus et numerus hi&longs;ce primariis prout u&longs;us po&longs;tulet <expan abbr="obt&etilde;perabunt">obtemperabunt</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="&longs;ubmini&longs;trabũt">&longs;ubmini&longs;trabunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N404B8D">Hæc &longs;i &longs;atis <expan abbr="conueniūt">conueniunt</expan> ad rem compertum <lb/>quidem habemus <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> genera deberi alia ciuium cætui uni<lb/>uer&longs;o: alia primatibus: alia multitudini: Tum et primatibus alia <lb/>his qui domi con&longs;ilii&longs;que præ&longs;unt: alia his qui negocio <expan abbr="exercean&ttilde;">exerceantur</expan>: <lb/>alia his qui facultates congerant: Quorum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> quidem cum <lb/>pars quædam ad nece&longs;&longs;itatem / uti diximus / pars ad <expan abbr="cõmoditates">commoditates</expan> <lb/>referatur: &longs;it quoque nobis / qui ædificia <expan abbr="cõmentamur/">commentamur /</expan> par aliquid <lb/>animi gratia dedi&longs;&longs;e: dum premii loco <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;modi</expan> <expan abbr="partitionũ">partitionum</expan> exor<lb/>dia e&longs;&longs;e ex <expan abbr="philo&longs;ophantiũ">philo&longs;ophantium</expan> rudimentis repetenda in&longs;tituerimus. <lb/></s> <s id="N404BC5">De his igitur nobis dicendum e&longs;t / quid una uniuer&longs;is: quid pauci <lb/>oribus primariis ciuibus: quid minorum multitudini conueniat. <lb/></s> <s id="N404BCB">Sed <expan abbr="exordiũ">exordium</expan> ad res tantas unde captabimus? </s> <s id="N404BD2">An uti homines i&longs;ta <lb/>&longs;ibi <expan abbr="cõparare">comparare</expan> in dies pro&longs;ecuti &longs;unt? </s> <s id="N404BDB">Ita et nos a priuatis <expan abbr="egenorũ">egenorum</expan> <lb/>ca&longs;unculis <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> inibimus: et inde ad ampli&longs;&longs;ima i&longs;ta / quæ uidemus <lb/>theatrorum / termarum / <expan abbr="templorũque">templorumque</expan> opera perueniemus. </s> <s id="N404BEE">Nam <lb/>con&longs;tat quidem orbis gentes diu nullis cinctas urbium moenibus <lb/>degi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N404BF5">Et &longs;cribunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> hi&longs;torici / Dyoni&longs;io Indiam peragrante <lb/>nullas fui&longs;&longs;e apud eas gentes muro cinctas ciuitates: Graciamque <lb/>olim nullis munitam fui&longs;&longs;e muris &longs;cribit Tuchidides. </s> <s id="N404C00">Et per Gal<lb/>lias item ad Cæ&longs;aris <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora / tota">tempora / tota</expan> <expan abbr="Burgundiorũ">Burgundiorum</expan> gens non urbibus <lb/>cogebantur: &longs;ed pa&longs;&longs;im in uico congruebant. </s> <s id="N404C11">Quin et <expan abbr="primã">primam</expan> qui<lb/>dem fui&longs;&longs;e urbem comperio Biblum a Foenicibus <expan abbr="occupatã">occupatam</expan>: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="circũobducto">circumobducto</expan> &longs;uis ædibus muro cinxerit Saturnus. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N404C2A">Tam et&longs;i u&longs;que <lb/>ante <expan abbr="diluuiũ">diluuium</expan> <expan abbr="conditã">conditam</expan> Iopem dinumeret Pomponius. </s> <s id="N404C37">Aethiopes <lb/>inquit Herodotus / cum <expan abbr="ægyptũ">ægyptum</expan> occupa&longs;&longs;ent / nullum <expan abbr="delinquentiũ">delinquen<lb/>tium</expan> <expan abbr="occidebãt">occidebant</expan>: &longs;ed erat ut terræ cumulos ad uicos / quos <expan abbr="incolobãt">incolebant</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/110.jpg"/>exaggerarent: Hinc per ægyptum con&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e urbes dicunt. </s> <s id="N404C51">At <lb/>de his alias. </s> <s id="N404C56">Nunc et&longs;i natura quidem uti aiunt / omnia quæ fi<lb/>unt leuioribus principiis excreui&longs;&longs;e uideam: placet tamen a dig<lb/>nioribus ordiri.</s> </p> <p id="N404C5D" type="main"> <s id="N404C5F">Vniuer&longs;is urbis / et quæ urbis partes &longs;unt publica omnia <expan abbr="deben&ttilde;">debentur</expan>.</s> </p> <p id="N404C66" type="main"> <s id="N404C68">Vrbis habendæ <expan abbr="&longs;peci&etilde;">&longs;peciem</expan> cau&longs;amque &longs;i ex <expan abbr="philo&longs;ophorũ">philo&longs;ophorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>hanc <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituemus">con&longs;tituemus</expan>: ut uitam eo ducant accolæ pacatam / et quoad <lb/>eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it uacuam <expan abbr="iucõmodis / omnique">incommodis / omnique</expan> mole&longs;tia <expan abbr="liberã">liberam</expan>: Pro<lb/>fecto iterum atque <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> excogita&longs;&longs;e oportet: qui ponatur loco &longs;itu <lb/>et <expan abbr="linearũ">linearum</expan> ambitu. </s> <s id="N404C93">De his alii aliter &longs;en&longs;ere. </s> <s id="N404C96"><expan abbr="Sũmam">Summam</expan> &longs;cribit Cæ<lb/>&longs;ar ad <expan abbr="laud&etilde;/&longs;olitos">laudem / &longs;olitos</expan> Germanos ducere / ubi lati&longs;&longs;imas <expan abbr="circũua&longs;tatis">circumua&longs;ta<lb/>tis</expan> finibus haberent &longs;olitudines: Id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ita quod repentinas <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiũ">ho&longs;tium</expan> <lb/>excur&longs;iones ea re maxime abuetari arbitrarentur. </s> <s id="N404CB2">Exercitum in <lb/>æthiopiam Se&longs;o&longs;trim <expan abbr="ægyptiorũ">ægyptiorum</expan> regem <expan abbr="ĩmittere">immittere</expan> de&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan> <lb/>hi&longs;torici: quod <expan abbr="frugũ">frugum</expan> inopia et locorum difficultate ab&longs;terreretur. <lb/></s> <s id="N404CCA">Regem A&longs;&longs;yrii <expan abbr="aduenã">aduenam</expan> de&longs;ertis et inaquo&longs;is tutati locis pa&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="nun&quml;">nunquam</expan>. </s> <s id="N404CD7">Arabes itidem quod aqua et fructibus deficiant / ab <expan abbr="externorũ">externorum</expan> <lb/>impetu et iniuria æternum fui&longs;&longs;e immunes ferunt. </s> <s id="N404CE0">Italiam nulla <lb/>re alia &longs;æpe a barbaris petitam armis &longs;cribit <expan abbr="Plinius/&quml;">Plinius / quam</expan> uini ficique <lb/>uoluptate. </s> <s id="N404CEB">Adde quae rerum i&longs;tarum copia / quæ ad uoluptates <lb/>faciat / uti aiebat Crates / et &longs;enibus et iuuenibus nocua e&longs;t: Nam <lb/>illos efferatos: hos effeminatos reddit. </s> <s id="N404CF2">Apud æmericos / inquit <lb/>Liuius / regio fertili&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: Sed quod <expan abbr="plerũque">plerunque</expan> ubere &longs;olet agro eue<lb/>nire / homines alit imbelles. </s> <s id="N404CFD">Contra Ligii quod terram <expan abbr="incolãt">incolant</expan> lapi<lb/>do&longs;im / qua exerceri a&longs;&longs;iduo et extrema uictus parcitate diem tra<lb/>here oporteat: <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">per quae</expan> indu&longs;trii et robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N404D0C">Quæ res cum <lb/>ita &longs;int / huiu&longs;modi forta&longs;&longs;is regiones a&longs;peras et difficiles conden <lb/>dis urbibus erunt qui non uituperent. </s> <s id="N404D13">Alii &longs;ecus: Namque <expan abbr="optabũt">optabunt</expan> <lb/>quidem agi apud &longs;e naturæ beneficio et munere: ut cum ad nece&longs;<lb/>&longs;itates / tum et ad uoluptates et delitias addi amplius nihil po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N404D1F">Bonis enim ut bene utamur / dari po&longs;&longs;e legibus et patrum in&longs;titu<lb/>tis. </s> <s id="N404D24">At uero quæ conferant in uita / iucundiora quidem <expan abbr="nimirũ">nimirum</expan> ea <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e &longs;i domi <expan abbr="&longs;it/&quml;">&longs;it / quam</expan> &longs;i aliunde quæ&longs;ito opus &longs;it. </s> <s id="N404D31">Et cupient quidem <lb/>agrum <expan abbr="dari / qual&etilde;">dari / qualem</expan> apud Memphim: <expan abbr="qu&etilde;">quem</expan> &longs;cribit Varro frui coelo <pb xlink:href="004/01/111.jpg"/>adeo clementi / ut nulli arborum ne uitibus quidem folia <expan abbr="integrũ">integrum</expan> <lb/>per <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> decidant: <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue &longs;ub tauro monte locis quæ ad <expan abbr="aquilon&etilde;">aqui<lb/>lonem</expan> &longs;pectant: Namque illic Strabo racemos dari <expan abbr="cubitorũ">cubitorum</expan> binum <lb/><expan abbr="atte&longs;ta&ttilde;">atte&longs;tatur</expan>: et &longs;ingulis a uitibus &longs;ingulas uini amphoras: et unica ex <lb/>ficu modios colligi. </s> <s id="N404D60">Ixx. </s> <s id="N404D63"><expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue India hyperboreaque in in&longs;ula <lb/>ad <expan abbr="occeanũ">occeanum</expan> colit: cuius agro bis <expan abbr="ãnuos">annuos</expan> fructus capi prædicat He<lb/>rodotus: <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue apud Lu&longs;itanos: unde ex reciduis &longs;eminibus <lb/>alteras atque alteras <expan abbr="capiãt">capiant</expan> me&longs;&longs;es: Aut potius <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> Talge Ca&longs;pio <lb/>in monte: qui ager fruges etiam incultus præbeat. </s> <s id="N404D85">Rara hæc: et <lb/>quæ facilius optes <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> reperias. </s> <s id="N404D8E">Ergo <expan abbr="præ&longs;tãti&longs;&longs;imi">præ&longs;tanti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> ueteres / qui de <lb/>huiu&longs;modi rebus ab aliis accepta / et ab &longs;e excogitata <expan abbr="mandarũt">mandarunt</expan> lit<lb/>teris. </s> <s id="N404D9D"><expan abbr="Ciuitat&etilde;&longs;tatuũt">Ciuitatem &longs;tatuunt</expan> ita e&longs;&longs;e oportere po&longs;itam: ut agro <expan abbr="cõten">conten</expan><lb/>ta &longs;uo: quantum rerum <expan abbr="humanarũ">humanarum</expan> ratio et conditio patitur / nullis <lb/>aliunde petitis indigeat: Et ita munitam <expan abbr="finiũ">finium</expan> ambitu: ut cum ab <lb/>ho&longs;te <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> facile po&longs;&longs;it inuadi: tum et <expan abbr="alienã">alienam</expan> emittere in <expan abbr="prouinciã">prouinciam</expan> <lb/>militem ad arbitrium ualeat ho&longs;te <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> inuito: Sic enim habitam <lb/><expan abbr="ciuitat&etilde;">ciuitatem</expan> et <expan abbr="libertat&etilde;">libertatem</expan> tueri / et &longs;e <expan abbr="imperiũque">imperiumque</expan> multo propagare po&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;entiunt">con&longs;entiunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N404DD9">Sed quid ego hic dixerim ægypto ad <expan abbr="laud&etilde;">laudem</expan> inprimis <lb/>datur: quod &longs;it quaque uer&longs;us mirum <expan abbr="inmodũ">in modum</expan> munita / et penitus inac<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ibilis / hinc mari / illinc de&longs;erti ua&longs;titate obiecta: dextera mon<lb/>tibus abrupti&longs;&longs;imis: &longs;ini&longs;tra paludibus diffu&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis: Tum et agri <lb/>tanta e&longs;t fertilitas / ut e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ægyptũ">ægyptum</expan> ueteres publicum orbis orreum <lb/>dixerint: Solereque deos eo animi gratia et &longs;alutis <expan abbr="cõfugere">confugere</expan>: Hanc <lb/><expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> tam munitam tam fertilem: ut cunctos mortales pa<lb/>&longs;cere / deos ip&longs;os excipere ho&longs;pitio &longs;aluareque po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="glorien&ttilde;">glorientur</expan>: <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquam</expan> <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e omni ab æuo liberam te&longs;tatur Io&longs;ephus. </s> <s id="N404E0B">Probe <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ad rem <lb/><expan abbr="admon&etilde;t / qui">admonent / qui</expan> res mortalium ip&longs;ius etiam Iouis in gremio tutas / <lb/><expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> futuras <expan abbr="fabul&etilde;tur">fabulentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404E20">Iuuet idcirco illud Platonis imitare / <lb/>cum <expan abbr="rogare&ttilde;">rogaretur</expan> ubinam e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="præclarã">præclaram</expan> illam quam &longs;ibi effinxi&longs;&longs;et <lb/><expan abbr="ciuitat&etilde;">ciuitatem</expan> inuenturi: non inquit agimus i&longs;tuc: &longs;ed cuiu&longs;modi fore <lb/><expan abbr="oĩum">omnium</expan> optimam &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e deceat perue&longs;tigamus: tu eam cæteris præ <lb/><expan abbr="ferendã">ferendam</expan> ducito: quæ ab i&longs;tius &longs;imilitudine minus aberrarit. </s> <s id="N404E3C">Sic et <lb/>nos qua&longs;i exemplaria <expan abbr="affer&etilde;tes">afferentes</expan> eam per&longs;cribamus urbem: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> omni <lb/>ex parte <expan abbr="futurã">futuram</expan> <expan abbr="cõmodam">commodam</expan> docti&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="arbitren&ttilde;">arbitrentur</expan>: in cæteris <expan abbr="t&etilde;pori">tempori</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/112.jpg"/>et <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> nece&longs;&longs;itati ob&longs;equentes: Illud Socratis tenebimus: ut quæ <lb/>res ita per &longs;e con&longs;tet / ut ni&longs;i in peius queat immutari: e&longs;&longs;e hanc pu<lb/>temus optimam.</s> </p> <p id="N404E67" type="main"> <s id="N404E69">Itaque e&longs;&longs;e oportere urbem &longs;tatuimus eiu&longs;modi: ut <expan abbr="incõmodorum">incommodorum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="oĩum">omnium</expan> quæ primo recen&longs;uimus libro / nulla <expan abbr="oĩno">omnino</expan> ad&longs;int. </s> <s id="N404E79">Et &longs;i quæ <lb/>res ad uitæ frugalitatem <expan abbr="opten&ttilde;">optentur</expan> nullæ de&longs;int. </s> <s id="N404E82">Habebit agrum <expan abbr="&longs;alubrem / lati&longs;&longs;imũ/uarium / amoenũ/feracem / munitũ/">&longs;a<lb/>lubrem / lati&longs;&longs;imum / uarium / amoenun / feracem / munitum /</expan> refertum <lb/>ornatum omni <expan abbr="fructuũ">fructuum</expan> copia / omni fontium <expan abbr="exuberãtia">exuberantia</expan>: Aderunt <lb/>flumina / lacus / mari&longs;que oportunitas patebit: unde <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> &longs;i <lb/>qua de&longs;int <expan abbr="cõueban&ttilde;">conuehantur</expan>: et quæ &longs;uper&longs;int <expan abbr="exporten&ttilde;">exportentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N404EA4">Denique ad res ciui<lb/>les bellica&longs;que præclare <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituendas">con&longs;tituendas</expan> atque augendas omnia <expan abbr="&longs;uppeditabũt">&longs;uppedi<lb/>tabunt</expan>: quibus et &longs;uis præ&longs;idio / et urbi ornamento / et amicis uolu<lb/>ptati / et inimicis terrori &longs;it futura. </s> <s id="N404EB4">Et bene quidem agi cum ea ci<lb/>uitate <expan abbr="&longs;tatuã">&longs;tatuam</expan>: quæ <expan abbr="bonã">bonam</expan> aliquam agri partem po&longs;&longs;it inuito ho&longs;te <lb/>colere. </s> <s id="N404EC3">Cæterum loca&longs;&longs;e urbem oportet agro <expan abbr="ĩmedio">immedio</expan>: unde &longs;pec<lb/>tare in oram &longs;uam / et di&longs;cernere oportuna / et attemperate præ&longs;to <expan abbr="e&etilde;">esse</expan> <lb/>quo nece&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;tulet. </s> <s id="N404ED2">unde uillicus aratorque ad opus prodire <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s">fre<lb/>quens</expan> et ex agro <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> fructu et me&longs;&longs;e onu&longs;tus <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> reuerti po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N404EE3">Sed parenti ne in campo an littore an <expan abbr="mõtibus">montibus</expan> colloces permaximi <lb/><expan abbr="ĩtere&longs;t">intere&longs;t</expan>. </s> <s id="N404EEF">Nam habet <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> horum quodque quod præ&longs;tet: et <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> quod <lb/>minus probes. </s> <s id="N404EFC">Cum <expan abbr="exercitũ">exercitum</expan> Dyoni&longs;ius per Indiam ageret <expan abbr="cõfectũ">confectum</expan> <lb/>æ&longs;tu deduxit ad montes: ilico &longs;alubri captata aura <expan abbr="cõualuit">conualuit</expan>. </s> <s id="N404F0D">Et <lb/><expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> occupa&longs;&longs;e urbis <expan abbr="cõditores">conditores</expan> ui&longs;i &longs;unt: quod illic tutiores forta&longs;<lb/>&longs;is futuros intellexerint: Sed aquis deficiunt. </s> <s id="N404F1B"><expan abbr="Fluminũ">Fluminum</expan> <expan abbr="aquarũquecõmoditates">aquarumque <lb/>commoditates</expan> præ&longs;tabit planities: Sed eadem cra&longs;&longs;iori <expan abbr="operi&ttilde;">operitur</expan> coelo <lb/>quæ æ&longs;tate ferueat / hyeme algeat <expan abbr="int&etilde;peranter">intemperanter</expan>: e&longs;tque eadem ad im<lb/>petus aduer&longs;os minus ualida. </s> <s id="N404F31">Littora ad <expan abbr="cõtrah&etilde;das">contrahendas</expan> merces opor<lb/>tuna: Sed quod illi aiunt / maritima omnis urbs <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> nouarum illcce<lb/>bris / et nimia negociantium ui excitata atque uexata a&longs;&longs;iduo fluc<lb/>tuat: et ad multos <expan abbr="&ptilde;iculorum">periculorum</expan> externarumque cla&longs;&longs;ium ca&longs;us et di&longs; <lb/>crimina expo&longs;ita e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N404F44">Quare &longs;ic &longs;tatuo. </s> <s id="N404F47">Quocumque ponas urbem <lb/>loco / conandum ut i&longs;torum <expan abbr="oĩs">omnibus</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;moditatis">commoditatis</expan> &longs;it particeps: incom<lb/>modis uacet. </s> <s id="N404F56">Et uelim montibus dari <expan abbr="planiti&etilde;/et">planitiem / et</expan> planis tumulos <lb/>ubi urbem &longs;tatuam: Id ex arbitrio a&longs;&longs;equi locorum uarietate &longs;i <pb xlink:href="004/01/113.jpg"/>non licebit / utemur ad res nece&longs;&longs;arias captandas <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> huiu&longs; <lb/>modi: ut maritimis plagis urbs non littori <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> uicina / &longs;i erit in <lb/>plano: ne ue <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> &longs;emota &longs;i erit in monte &longs;ita relinquatur. </s> <s id="N404F73">Mu<lb/>tari littora te&longs;tantur cum pleræque alibi aliæ urbes: tum in Italia <lb/>Baiæ mari <expan abbr="ĩmer&longs;æ">immer&longs;æ</expan>. </s> <s id="N404F7E">Apud ægyptum Pharus / quæ prius mari fue<lb/>rat <expan abbr="circũdata">circumdata</expan>: <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> ueluti Chersone&longs;&longs;us ad <expan abbr="continent&etilde;">continentem</expan> hæret. </s> <s id="N404F8F">Sic et <lb/>Tyrum et Clazomenas fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Strabo. </s> <s id="N404F94">Quin et templum <lb/><expan abbr="hãmonis">hammonis</expan> olim fui&longs;&longs;e ad mare ferunt &longs;ecessumque maris longe <expan abbr="ĩmediterraneis">immedi<lb/>terraneis</expan> re&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N404F9E">Atqui monent aut ip&longs;um ad litus / aut porro <lb/>longe ab mari ponas: Nam maris quidem auram uidere licet &longs;ale <lb/>grauem e&longs;&longs;e atque a&longs;peram. </s> <s id="N404FA5">Ergo cum ad mediterranea præ&longs;ertim <lb/>plana appulerit: humentem illic aerem offenderis inhau&longs;to <expan abbr="delique&longs;c&etilde;te">deli<lb/>que&longs;cente</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ale / nimirũ">&longs;ale / nimirum</expan> coelum reddit cra&longs;&longs;um et prope <expan abbr="mucul&etilde;tũ">muculentum</expan>: <lb/>ut pleri&longs;que i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in locis uolui <expan abbr="nõnun&quml;">nonnunquam</expan> aere telas aranearum <lb/>&longs;imiles uideas: Aiuntque cum aere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ecus atque <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> aquis agi: quas <lb/>in promptu e&longs;t mixtione <expan abbr="&longs;alitarũ">&longs;alitarum</expan> corrumpi / quoad etiam foetore <lb/>ostendant. </s> <s id="N404FCF">Probant <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> ueteres præ&longs;ertim Plato: quæ a mari mi<lb/>lia di&longs;tet. </s> <s id="N404FD8">x. </s> <s id="N404FDB">Quod &longs;i ab mari longe po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> licebit: &longs;itu <expan abbr="locabi&ttilde;">locabitur</expan> <lb/>quo auræ i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ni&longs;i diffractæ et la&longs;&longs;æ ac depuratæ <expan abbr="appellãt">appellant</expan>: <lb/>Locabiturque pone / ut <expan abbr="mõtium">montium</expan> intercur&longs;u uis omnis a mari noxia <lb/>intercepta fru&longs;tetur. </s> <s id="N404FF4">Ex littore a&longs;pectus ip&longs;e maris per<expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> iucundus <lb/>e&longs;t: neque item <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;alubri lu&longs;tratur coelo: Quæ enim a&longs;&longs;iduis <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> <lb/>agitatæ continuis <expan abbr="mom&etilde;tis">momentis</expan> re&longs;pirent: has e&longs;&longs;e Ari&longs;toteles &longs;aluber<lb/>rimas <expan abbr="regiões">regiones</expan> putat. </s> <s id="N40500D">Sed <expan abbr="caueãt">caueant</expan> ne &longs;it mare i&longs;tic herbidu depre&longs;&longs;o <lb/>littore et immer&longs;o: &longs;ed <expan abbr="profundũ/abruptis">profundum / abruptis</expan> uiuo &longs;axo hirti&longs;que ripis ri<lb/>gens: Ip&longs;amque urbem &longs;uperbo / uti <expan abbr="loquũtur / montis">loquuntur / montis</expan> dor&longs;o &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>cum ad <expan abbr="dignitat&etilde;/tum">dignitaten / tum</expan> ad <expan abbr="amoenitat&etilde;/tum">amoenitatem / tum</expan> et inprimis ad &longs;alubri<lb/>tatem atque <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> conferet. </s> <s id="N405030">Nam quo loci ad mare <expan abbr="ĩmineant">immineant</expan> mon<lb/>tes: <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;t illic mare <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> profundum. </s> <s id="N40503D">Tum ex mari &longs;iqua ua<lb/>porum cra&longs;&longs;itudo <expan abbr="in&longs;urgat / a&longs;c&etilde;&longs;u">in&longs;urgat / a&longs;cen&longs;u</expan> deficit. </s> <s id="N405046">Et &longs;iquid repentina ho<lb/>&longs;tilis manus attulerit aduer&longs;i / maturius præuidetur / et tutius &longs;ub <lb/>mouetur. </s> <s id="N40504D">Collibus po&longs;itam urbem probant ueteres: quæ ad ori<lb/>entem uergat. </s> <s id="N405052">Probant etiam quam pertingat calida in regione <lb/>boreas. </s> <s id="N405057">Alii forta&longs;&longs;is eam probabunt: que ad <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> prona &longs;it: <pb xlink:href="004/01/114.jpg"/>ductique ea &longs;ub coeli facie fertiliores e&longs;&longs;e cultus &longs;en&longs;erint. </s> <s id="N405062">Atqui <lb/>&longs;ub tauro monte / quæ partes ad aquilonem &longs;pectent / longe ante <lb/>alias e&longs;&longs;e &longs;alubres: ea præ&longs;ertim re qua et fertiles prædicant hi&longs;to<lb/>rici. </s> <s id="N40506B">Demum &longs;icubi in montibus ponendum &longs;it oppidum / inpri<lb/>mis <expan abbr="animaduertendũ">animaduertendum</expan> e&longs;t: ne quod i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in locis a&longs;&longs;olet: ma<lb/>xime ubi cel&longs;iores circum alii &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="attollãt">attollant</expan> colles: grauis et diuti<lb/>na nebularum collectio atram diem / et fu&longs;cum a&longs;&longs;iduo <expan abbr="rigidũquecoelum">rigidumque <lb/>coelum</expan> præbeat. </s> <s id="N405082">Tum et uentorum <expan abbr="ĩmodica">immodica</expan> excur&longs;itatio et mo<lb/>le&longs;tia ne quid immanius uexet prouidendum e&longs;t: et præ&longs;ertim bo<lb/>reas i&longs;tic: Nam is quidem inquit He&longs;iodus cum cæteros / tum in <lb/>primis &longs;enes reddit torpentes et inflexos. </s> <s id="N40508F">Incommoda erit urbis <lb/>area / in quam &longs;uperexten&longs;a rupes a &longs;ole conceptos uapores refun<lb/>dat: aut in quam auernæ conualles auram acrius obfundant. </s> <s id="N405096">Alii <lb/>præcipitiis locorum e&longs;&longs;e urbis latus finiendum monent. </s> <s id="N40509B">Sed præ<lb/>cipitia ip&longs;a ferme omnia / quae ex &longs;e contra motus et tempe&longs;tates <expan abbr="ĩualida">inua<lb/>lida</expan> &longs;int <expan abbr="mõ&longs;trant">mon&longs;trant</expan> cum alibi pleraque oppida / tum et in ætruria uo<lb/>la terræ: labuntur enim temporum ductu: et quæ impo&longs;ueris tra<lb/>hunt in ruinam. </s> <s id="N4050AC">Et caui&longs;&longs;e quidem oportet nequis &longs;upra <expan abbr="ĩmineat">immineat</expan> <lb/>contiguus mons: quo occupatio infe&longs;tus ho&longs;tis urgeat: neue ulla <lb/>&longs;ubtendatur ho&longs;ti tuta planities tanta: ut eo loci ca&longs;tra uallare ad <lb/>ob&longs;idendum / aut aciem &longs;truere ad <expan abbr="oppugnãdum">oppugnandum</expan> po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N4050BD">Vrbem <lb/>condidi&longs;&longs;e Agrigentinam Dedalum legimus ardua in petra / dif<lb/>ficili aditu / ut tribus non plus uiris cu&longs;todiretur aptum <expan abbr="præ&longs;idiũ">præ&longs;idium</expan>: <lb/>modo non æque paucis ob&longs;truatur armis exitus / atque arceatur in <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;us. </s> <s id="N4050CC">Cingolum in Piceno a Labieno conditum / periti rei mi <lb/>litaris <expan abbr="uebem&etilde;ter">uehementer</expan> <expan abbr="cõprobant / cum">comprobant / cum</expan> cæteras ob res: tum quod pleri&longs;que <lb/>ferme omnibus montanis oppidis euenit / ut ubi <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cenderis">con&longs;cenderis</expan> æqua <lb/>pateat dimicatio / id illic non &longs;it: Rupe enim educta et præcipiti <lb/>refutantur. </s> <s id="N4050E3">Nec habet quidem ho&longs;tis qui <expan abbr="agrũ">agrum</expan> una circum excur<lb/>&longs;ione populari ac ua&longs;tare ad arbitrium po&longs;&longs;it: neque omnes una ob<lb/>&longs;idebit aditus. </s> <s id="N4050EE">nec &longs;e iuxta ca&longs;tris po&longs;itis tuto recipiet: Nec pabu<lb/>latum / lignatum / aquatum emittet &longs;ine periculo. </s> <s id="N4050F3">Contra oppida <lb/>nis &longs;it: nam &longs;ubiectis &longs;ubnexi&longs;que hinc atque hinc collibus crebris in<lb/>teriectis uallibus <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> qua e ue&longs;tigio egredi lace&longs;&longs;ere: atque impro<pb xlink:href="004/01/115.jpg"/>ui&longs;um ad omnem &longs;ubitam &longs;pem et occa&longs;ionem po&longs;&longs;int irrumpere <lb/>atque opprimere. </s> <s id="N405104">Neque minus probant in Mar&longs;is <expan abbr="oppidũ">oppidum</expan> Bi&longs;&longs;eium <lb/>ip&longs;o in triuio <expan abbr="confluentiũ">confluentium</expan> hinc atque hinc <expan abbr="fluminũ">fluminum</expan>: atque inde <expan abbr="ualliũ">uallium</expan> <lb/>arcto ingre&longs;&longs;u / acce&longs;&longs;u difficili / a&longs;peris et inuiis circum &longs;urgenti<lb/>bus montibus: ita ut neque loco a&longs;&longs;idere ho&longs;tis / neque <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> ob&longs;eruare <lb/>uallium fauces po&longs;&longs;it: oppidanis ad &longs;ub&longs;idia et <expan abbr="cõmeatus">commeatus</expan> recipien <lb/>da atque <expan abbr="ĩportanda / et">importanda / et</expan> ad <expan abbr="lace&longs;&longs;endũ">lace&longs;&longs;endum</expan> egregie expeditis.</s> </p> <p id="N405131" type="main"> <s id="N405133">Hactenus de montibus. </s> <s id="N405136">Quod &longs;i plano po&longs;ueris loco: et uti <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;ol&etilde;t">a&longs;&longs;olent</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="adfluentũ">adfluentum</expan> ita ut is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> media forta&longs;&longs;is peruadat moenia: curato<lb/>ne ab hau&longs;tro aut in <expan abbr="hau&longs;trũ">hau&longs;trum</expan> defluat: Nam illinc humiditas / hinc <lb/>frigiditas adaucta fluii uaporibus mole&longs;tior infe&longs;tiorque perueniet. <lb/></s> <s id="N40514F">Sin <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> extra oppidi &longs;eptum præterlabetur: præ&longs;tanda erit <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>regio / et quibus eo &longs;it uentis aditus expeditior / his muros <expan abbr="abiici&etilde;dos">abiicien<lb/>dos</expan>: fluuius habendus pone. </s> <s id="N405162">In cæteris illud nautarum faciet ad <lb/>rem / quod putant <expan abbr="u&etilde;tos">uentos</expan> quidem natura &longs;ui <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> &longs;ub&longs;equi &longs;olere <lb/>&longs;olem et orientales auras. </s> <s id="N405171">Aiunt phy&longs;ici mane diei puriores e&longs;&longs;e: <lb/>cadente &longs;ole humidiores. </s> <s id="N405176">Contra occidentales e&longs;&longs;e auras &longs;urgente <lb/>&longs;ole &longs;pi&longs;&longs;iores: <expan abbr="occid&etilde;te">occidente</expan> leuiores. </s> <s id="N40517F">Quæ res &longs;i ita e&longs;t / fluenta ad ori<lb/>entem atque item ad <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> dimi&longs;&longs;a haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquam</expan> <expan abbr="improbabũtur">improbabuntur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N405191">Nam cum &longs;ole ip&longs;o perueniens aura aut di&longs;pellet &longs;iquid trans ur<lb/>bem exhalarit uaporis nocui / aut &longs;uo acce&longs;&longs;u <expan abbr="mininũ">minimum</expan> adaugebit. <lb/></s> <s id="N40519C">Po&longs;tremo ad boream <expan abbr="fluenta / iacũ">fluenta / lacum</expan> et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="&longs;ubt&etilde;di">&longs;ubtendi</expan> <expan abbr="malim/&qtilde;">malim / quae</expan> <lb/>ad <expan abbr="hau&longs;trũ">hau&longs;trum</expan>: modo ne &longs;it <expan abbr="oppidũ">oppidum</expan> po&longs;t <expan abbr="umbrã">umbram</expan> montis po&longs;itum: quo <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;t">esset</expan> nihil tri&longs;tius. </s> <s id="N4051C2">Sino cætera quæ &longs;upra di&longs;&longs;eruimus. </s> <s id="N4051C5"><expan abbr="Compertũ">Com<lb/>pertum</expan> habent hau&longs;trum grauem <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e et natura moro&longs;um: ut <lb/>eius mole pre&longs;&longs;is uelis nauigia qua&longs;i addito <expan abbr="põdere">pondere</expan> multo <expan abbr="obmergan&ttilde;">obmer<lb/>gantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4051DF">At Borea contra mare prora&longs;que leuigari: Sed <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> quiduis <lb/>præ&longs;tat <expan abbr="&longs;ubmotũ">&longs;ubmotum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">esse</expan> <expan abbr="procul/&qtilde;">procul / quae</expan> aut <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;um">immi&longs;&longs;um</expan> aut ad muros <expan abbr="adrũctũ">adiunctum</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="applicitũ">applicitum</expan>. </s> <s id="N405202">Et præ&longs;ertim reprobant <expan abbr="fluuiũ">fluuium</expan> qui depre&longs;&longs;us ripis <lb/><expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> hirtis / profundo alueo / &longs;axeo umbro&longs;oque fluat: quod is <expan abbr="&qtilde;d&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>et potus det nocuos: et aerem <expan abbr="in&longs;alubr&etilde;">in&longs;alubrem</expan>: tum et a &longs;tagno paludeque <lb/>pigra et luto&longs;a longe abfugi&longs;&longs;e omnino <expan abbr="prud&etilde;tis">prudentis</expan> ac bene <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ulti">con&longs;ulti</expan> e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s id="N405223">Non repeto coeli morbos qui infunduntur i&longs;tinc / <expan abbr="ĩnatas">innatas</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ha<lb/>bent cum cæteras æ&longs;tiuas pe&longs;tes foetoris / culicum <expan abbr="foedi&longs;&longs;imorũque">foedi&longs;&longs;imorumque </expan><pb xlink:href="004/01/116.jpg"/>uermium et eiu&longs;modi: Tum et ubi alioquin ter&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima perpurgati&longs;<lb/>&longs;imaque putes <expan abbr="e&etilde;">esse</expan>: illud <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> dee&longs;t ut quod de planis diximus: multo <lb/>i&longs;ta magis atque magis hyeme algeant: et &longs;ub æ&longs;tu <expan abbr="int&etilde;peranter">intemperanter</expan> fer<lb/>ueant. </s> <s id="N405247">Po&longs;tremo <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> atque iterum prouidi&longs;&longs;e oportet / ne &longs;iue mons <lb/>&longs;iue rupes / &longs;iue lacus / &longs;iue palus / &longs;iue flumen / &longs;iue fons &longs;iue quid<lb/>uis horum ita &longs;e habent: ut ho&longs;tem munire tutarique / aut urbi et ci<lb/>uibus afferre ulla ex parte <expan abbr="incõmodum">incommodum</expan> po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N405258">Hæc de urbium <lb/>regione ac &longs;itu hactenus.</s> </p> <p id="N40525D" type="main"> <s id="N40525F">Ip&longs;ius urbis ambitum et partium <expan abbr="di&longs;tribution&etilde;">di&longs;tributionem</expan> intelligimus pro <lb/><expan abbr="locorũ">locorum</expan> uarietate futuram e&longs;&longs;e oportere uariam: <expan abbr="quãdoquid&etilde;">quandoquidem</expan> mon<lb/>tibus non dari in promptu e&longs;t: ut &longs;eu <expan abbr="rotundã/&longs;eu">rotundam / &longs;eu</expan> <expan abbr="quadrãgulam">quadrangulam</expan> / <lb/>aut quam aliam probes / murorum <expan abbr="de&longs;cription&etilde;">de&longs;criptionem</expan> po&longs;&longs;is æque atque <lb/>aperto in plano ducere. </s> <s id="N405281">Veteres architecti oppidis circumdandis / <lb/><expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> angulos improbarunt: quod ho&longs;tibus lace&longs;&longs;entibus magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/>incolis <expan abbr="defend&etilde;tibus">defendentibus</expan> <expan abbr="opitulen&ttilde;">opitulentur</expan>: quod item ad <expan abbr="machinarũ">machinarum</expan> iniurias to<lb/>lerandas &longs;int <expan abbr="nequa&qtilde;">nequaquam</expan> ualidi. </s> <s id="N4052A3">Et certe anguli ad in&longs;idias atque <expan abbr="telorũ">telo<lb/>rum</expan> mi&longs;&longs;iones / expugnatoribus <expan abbr="nõnihil">non nihil</expan> conferunt: ubi excurrendi <lb/>et &longs;e&longs;e recipiendi facultas præ&longs;tetur. </s> <s id="N4052B1">Montanis <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> urbibus <expan abbr="iid&etilde;">iidem</expan> <lb/>maximo <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> præ&longs;idio &longs;unt: ubi &longs;e aduer&longs;us uiarum occur&longs;us <lb/>offerant. </s> <s id="N4052C4">Ad Peru&longs;iam urbem celebrem / quod uicos hac illac qua&longs;i <lb/>a manu di&longs;pan&longs;os digitos per obductos colles porrigat: &longs;i uolet ho<lb/>&longs;tis anguli frontem petere / non patebit illic ubi multa ince&longs;&longs;et ma<lb/>nu / et qua&longs;i aliqua &longs;ubin&longs;idente arce exceptas / tela eruptione&longs;que <lb/>non perferet. </s> <s id="N4052CF">Itaque non locis omnibus circumdandæ urbis una ea <lb/>demque ratio e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4052D4">Po&longs;tremo inquiunt ueteres / urbem atque nauim <lb/>haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e oportere tam amplam / ut uacillet uacua / aut non <lb/>&longs;ufficiat plena: Sed alii quod tutiorem putarint / conferti&longs;&longs;imam uo<lb/>luere: Alii quod optimam &longs;ibi &longs;pem pollicerentur in po&longs;terum / &longs;a<lb/>xioribus &longs;patiis delectati &longs;unt: Alii forta&longs;&longs;is celebritati et nomi<lb/>nis po&longs;teritati con&longs;uluerunt. </s> <s id="N4052E5">Namque urbem quidem &longs;olis a Bu&longs;i<lb/>ride conditam / quam Thebem nuncupant. </s> <s id="N4052EA">CXL. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N4052EE">Memphim <expan abbr="c&etilde;tena">cen<lb/>tena</expan> et quinquaginta: Babylonem &longs;upra trecenta item quinqua<lb/>ginta: <expan abbr="Niniu&etilde;">Niniuem</expan> bis ducenta atque. </s> <s id="N4052FE">lxxx. </s> <s id="N405301">circui&longs;&longs;e &longs;tadia ex <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> <lb/>hi&longs;toriis comperio. </s> <s id="N40530A">Et fuerunt qui tantum conclu&longs;erint areæ: <pb xlink:href="004/01/117.jpg"/>ut intra &longs;eptum ex urbis &longs;olo annua alimenta colligerent. </s> <s id="N405313">Hic ex <lb/>uetere prouerbio illud probarim quod aiunt / omnia ut nihil nimis: <lb/>aut &longs;i in <expan abbr="alterã">alteram</expan> pecca&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> iuuet: hanc malim quæ ad <expan abbr="auctũ">auctum</expan> ci<lb/>uium <expan abbr="numerũ">numerum</expan> <expan abbr="percõmode">percommode</expan> po&longs;&longs;it excipere: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> quæ &longs;uos hone&longs;te <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>capiat. </s> <s id="N405336">Adde quod <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad <expan abbr="tectorũ">tectorum</expan> modo u&longs;um et <expan abbr="nece&longs;&longs;itat&etilde;">nece&longs;&longs;itatem</expan> urbs ha<lb/>benda e&longs;t: uerum et ita <expan abbr="hab&etilde;da">habenda</expan> ut a curis ciuilibus ad <expan abbr="platearũ/">platearum /</expan> <expan abbr="Curriculorũ/ortorũque">Cur<lb/>riculorum / ortorumque</expan> et <expan abbr="ambulationũ">ambulationum</expan> et <expan abbr="natationũ">natationum</expan> et <expan abbr="huiu&longs;mõi">huiu&longs;modi</expan> <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;ta">orna<lb/>menta</expan> delitia&longs;que graui&longs;&longs;ima pateant &longs;patia et diuer&longs;iones.</s> </p> <p id="N405365" type="main"> <s id="N405367">Referunt ueteres / Varro / Plutarcus aliique: &longs;olitos maiores <expan abbr="urbiũ">urbium</expan> <lb/>moenia ritu et religione diffinire: Iugatis enim bobus mare et foe<lb/>mina diu au&longs;picato <expan abbr="æneũ">æneum</expan> <expan abbr="aratrũ">aratrum</expan> <expan abbr="trahebãt">trahebant</expan>: fiebatque &longs;ulcus primige<lb/>nius: quo <expan abbr="moeniũ">moenium</expan> ambitus de&longs;ignaretur: Boue femella interiore: <lb/>ma&longs;culo exteriore <expan abbr="&longs;equeban&ttilde;">&longs;equebantur</expan> aratrum. </s> <s id="N40538A">Coloni patres glebas &longs;ub <lb/>motas et &longs;par&longs;as pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;um in <expan abbr="&longs;ulcũ">&longs;ulcum</expan> refundentes incumulante&longs;que <lb/>ne quid <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;eminare&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;eminaretur</expan>: cum ad locos <expan abbr="portarũ">portarum</expan> uentum erat aratrum <lb/>manibus <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;tinebãt">&longs;u&longs;tinebant</expan>: quo intactum <expan abbr="portarũ">portarum</expan> limen <expan abbr="reliuquere&ttilde;">relinqueretur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4053AB">Ea <lb/>re præter portas totos <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> ambitus et opus <expan abbr="&longs;acratũ">&longs;acratum</expan> ducebat. <lb/></s> <s id="N4053B9">Portas ne appellare <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;acras erat fas. </s> <s id="N4053C0">Per Romuli tempora <lb/>inquit Dyoni&longs;ius alicarna&longs;&longs;eus / patres inchoandis urbibus &longs;olitos <lb/>facto &longs;acrificio ignes ante tabernacula incendere: eoque <expan abbr="populũ">populum</expan> edu<lb/>cere: ut expiationis gratia <expan abbr="flãmas">flammas</expan> <expan abbr="tran&longs;ilir&etilde;t">tran&longs;ilirent</expan>: Pollutos nimirum <lb/>ad eam rem &longs;acram <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="admitt&etilde;dos">admittendos</expan> <expan abbr="arbitraban&ttilde;">arbitrabantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4053E4">Hæc illi. </s> <s id="N4053E7">Alibi <lb/><expan abbr="cõperio">comperio</expan> pro&longs;eminata puluere ex tellure <expan abbr="alba / quã">alba / quam</expan> puram <expan abbr="nũcupãt">nuncupant</expan> <lb/>&longs;olitos <expan abbr="ponendorũ">ponendorum</expan> <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> lineam de&longs;ignare. </s> <s id="N405401">Et Alexandrum in <lb/>huius telluris <expan abbr="locũ/cum">locum / cum</expan> Pharon conderet / quod pura defeci&longs;&longs;et / fa<lb/>rinam &longs;ubieci&longs;&longs;e: quæ res uatibus futura <expan abbr="prædic&etilde;di">prædicendi</expan> <expan abbr="occa&longs;ion&etilde;">occa&longs;ionem</expan> præ <lb/>&longs;titit:quod i&longs;tiu&longs;modi præ&longs;agiis per natales urbium dies annotatis cer<lb/>tos putarent euentus temporum po&longs;&longs;e prædicari. </s> <s id="N405418">Quin et apud <lb/>ætru&longs;cos ritualibus libris <expan abbr="doceban&ttilde;">docebantur</expan> quænam <expan abbr="for&etilde;t">forent</expan> ex natali <expan abbr="uibiũ">urbium</expan> <lb/>die &longs;ecula &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;ura: Id quidem non &longs;pectato coelo / de qua re &longs;u<lb/>pra <expan abbr="&longs;ecũdo">&longs;ecundo</expan> diximus libro: &longs;ed captis ex <expan abbr="præ&longs;entiũ">præ&longs;entium</expan> <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> <lb/>atque coniectura. </s> <s id="N405441">Sic eos &longs;crip&longs;i&longs;&longs;e meminit <expan abbr="C&etilde;&longs;orĩus">Cen&longs;orinus</expan>. </s> <s id="N405448">Quo die urbes <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituã&ttilde;/de">con&longs;tituantur / de</expan> his qui eo die nati <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>:quod diuti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="uixerĩt">uixerint</expan> die mortis <lb/>&longs;uæ / primi &longs;eculi <expan abbr="modulũ">modulum</expan> finire: eoque die qui <expan abbr="c&etilde;nt">essent</expan> reliqui <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> ciuitate: <pb xlink:href="004/01/118.jpg"/>de his rur&longs;um eius mortem / qui <expan abbr="longi&longs;&longs;imã">longi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> egi&longs;&longs;et ætatem / <expan abbr="fin&etilde;">finem</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e &longs;eculi &longs;ecundi. </s> <s id="N405474">Sic deinceps tempus <expan abbr="reliquarũ">reliquarum</expan> terminari: mit<lb/>ti a diis portenta / quibus admoneremur quodque &longs;eculum e&longs;&longs;e fini <lb/>tum. </s> <s id="N40547F">Hæc illi: Tum et addunt his <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> ætru&longs;cos didici&longs;&longs;e <lb/>perpulchre &longs;ua &longs;ecula. </s> <s id="N405488">Sic enim <expan abbr="mandarũt">mandarunt</expan> memoriæ quatuor pri<lb/>ma &longs;uorum &longs;ecula <expan abbr="annorũ">annorum</expan> fui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N405495">C. <expan abbr="Quintũ">Quintum</expan>. </s> <s id="N40549C">cxxiii. </s> <s id="N40549F"><expan abbr="Sextũ">Sextum</expan>. </s> <s id="N4054A5">xx. <lb/></s> <s id="N4054A9">et. </s> <s id="N4054AC">C. <expan abbr="Septimũ">Septimum</expan> totitem. </s> <s id="N4054B3"><expan abbr="Octauũ">Octauum</expan> tum <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> agi per tempora Cæ<lb/>&longs;arum. </s> <s id="N4054BF">Nonum et <expan abbr="decimũ">decimum</expan> &longs;upere&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N4054C6">Tum et &longs;ecula ip&longs;a qualia <lb/>futura &longs;int <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ignorari <expan abbr="arbitraban&ttilde;">arbitrabantur</expan> hi&longs;ce inditiis. </s> <s id="N4054D3">Romam quodem <lb/>orbis <expan abbr="imperiũ">imperium</expan> habituram ex eo <expan abbr="coniectarũt">coniectarunt</expan>: quod qua die <expan abbr="cõdita">condita</expan> &longs;it <lb/>ex natis per eam diem unus regnum adeptus &longs;it: Hunc <expan abbr="ĩuenio">inuenio</expan> fu<lb/>i&longs;&longs;e Numam: Nam <expan abbr="cõditam">conditam</expan> urbem et <expan abbr="natũ">natum</expan> Numam. </s> <s id="N4054F6">xiii. </s> <s id="N4054F9"><expan abbr="chal&etilde;das">chalen<lb/>das</expan> maias meminit Plutarcus. </s> <s id="N405501">At muro <expan abbr="incinetã">incinctam</expan> urbem Lacenæ <lb/>quod non <expan abbr="haber&etilde;t">haberent</expan> <expan abbr="gloriaban&ttilde;">gloriabantur</expan>: Freti enim &longs;uorum <expan abbr="ciuiũ">ciuium</expan> armis et ro<lb/>bore / &longs;atis &longs;e quidem <expan abbr="putabãt">putabant</expan> munitos e&longs;&longs;e legibus. </s> <s id="N40551C">Aegyptii <expan abbr="aũt">aut</expan> <lb/>Per&longs;æque contra maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodũ">immodum</expan> &longs;uas urbes <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> prae&longs;idiis mu<lb/>niendas putarunt: Namque cum alii / tum et Niniues / atque item Se<lb/>miramis <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> &longs;uis e&longs;&longs;e urbibus uoluere / ut iuncti <lb/>currus <expan abbr="&longs;upremã">&longs;upremam</expan> per operis <expan abbr="amplitudin&etilde;">amplitudinem</expan> traherentur: Altitudineque <lb/>tanta eduxere / ut <expan abbr="centenũ">centenum</expan> excederent cubitum. </s> <s id="N405549">Apud Tyrum al<lb/>ta fui&longs;&longs;e moenia pedes. </s> <s id="N40554E">CL. meminit Arrianus. </s> <s id="N405551">Et compti qui ne <lb/>unis tantum <expan abbr="cõtenti">contenti</expan> fuerint moenibus. </s> <s id="N40555A"><expan abbr="Carthagin&etilde;&longs;es">Carthaginen&longs;es</expan> triplici ur<lb/>bem cinxere muro: Deioces urbem Cebatanam / tam et&longs;i e&longs;&longs;et in <lb/>ædito po&longs;ita / &longs;eptimo cinxi&longs;&longs;e orbe ait Herodotus. </s> <s id="N405564">Nos uero <lb/>quando ad <expan abbr="tuendã">tuendam</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> et <expan abbr="libertat&etilde;">libertatem</expan> ho&longs;tibus aut fortuna aut nu<lb/>mero &longs;upantibus poti&longs;&longs;ima ine&longs;&longs;e ip&longs;is in muris præ&longs;idia intelligi <lb/>mus. </s> <s id="N405579">Neque i&longs;tos probamus / qui pror&longs;us <expan abbr="nudã">nudam</expan> uoluerint <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">esse</expan>: <lb/>neque illos qui <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">omnem</expan> tuendi &longs;ui &longs;pem / ip&longs;a in <expan abbr="moeniũ">moenium</expan> <expan abbr="extructiõe">extructione</expan> po<lb/>&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="uidean&ttilde;">uideantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40559C">Platoni <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> a&longs;&longs;entior: Nam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ciuitati <lb/>cuiuis in&longs;itum atque innatum / ut &longs;ingulis momentis temporis &longs;it <lb/>periculis proxima captiuitatis: quando ita &longs;eu natura / &longs;eu homi<lb/>num moribus comparatum &longs;it: ut habendi terminos et concupi<lb/>&longs;cendi fines / nullius ratio &longs;ibi neque publice neque priuatim præ <lb/>&longs;crip&longs;erit. </s> <s id="N4055B1">Ex qua una poti&longs;&longs;imum re armorum omnis iniuria <pb xlink:href="004/01/119.jpg"/>oborta e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4055B8">Quæ &longs;i ita &longs;int / utique cu&longs;todibus cu&longs;todias / et muniti <lb/>omnibus munitiones addendas quis negabit? </s> <s id="N4055BD">Cæterum quod alibi <lb/><expan abbr="diximus / omniũ">diximus / omnium</expan> erit capaci&longs;&longs;ima urbs / quæ &longs;it <expan abbr="rotũda">rotunda</expan>: tuti&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>quæ &longs;inuo&longs;is anfractibus murorum obualletur: qualem fui&longs;&longs;e hie<lb/>ro&longs;olimam &longs;cribit Tacitus. </s> <s id="N4055CD">Non enim &longs;ine di&longs;crimine ho&longs;tem in<lb/>tra &longs;inus / aut certa <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;pe frontibus machinas <expan abbr="admoturũ">admoturum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;tacuũt">&longs;tatuunt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4055DF"><expan abbr="Cõmoditatibus">Commoditatibus</expan> tamen ip&longs;o ex oppido capiendis pro&longs;piciemus: <lb/>quam rem pro locorum oportunitate et nece&longs;&longs;itate feci&longs;&longs;e ueteres <lb/>aduertimus. </s> <s id="N4055E9"><expan abbr="Nãque">Namque</expan> Antium quidem uetu&longs;tam urbem latinam ad <lb/>littoris &longs;inum <expan abbr="amplexandã/oblongum">amplexandan / oblongum</expan> fui&longs;&longs;e ex ueteris ruinæ re&longs;i<lb/>duis apparet. </s> <s id="N4055F7">Carræ ad Nilum quoque <expan abbr="oblongũ">oblongum</expan> <expan abbr="tendũtur">tenduntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N405602">Polum<lb/>botram urbem <expan abbr="Indorũ">Indorum</expan> in gra&longs;sis longam fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;crip&longs;it Mega&longs;the<lb/>nes &longs;tadia. lxxx. latam. xv. di&longs;tentam <expan abbr="&longs;ecundũ">&longs;ecundum</expan> <expan abbr="fluuiũ">fluuium</expan>. </s> <s id="N405621">Quadran<lb/>gulum habui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> ductum <expan abbr="Babylon&etilde;">Babylonem</expan>: Memphim uero in <lb/>deltæ litteræ <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> perfinitam <expan abbr="referũ">referunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N405634">Denique <expan abbr="quãeumque">quamcumque</expan> proba<lb/>ris ambitus de&longs;criptionem / &longs;at pro rei nece&longs;&longs;itate proui&longs;um putat <lb/>Vegetius: &longs;i tam latos po&longs;ueris muros / ut propul&longs;atores armari <lb/>mutuo &longs;e obuia excur&longs;ione non impediant: Si excitarimus tam al<lb/>tos / ut &longs;calis admotis <expan abbr="trã&longs;cendi">tran&longs;cendi</expan> nequeant: Si ita calce &longs;tructuraque <lb/>firmarimus / ut arieti machini&longs;que no cedant. </s> <s id="N405649">Etenim machinarum <lb/>duo &longs;unt genera: <expan abbr="Vnũ/quo">Vnum / quo</expan> ictu impul&longs;uque <expan abbr="pro&longs;ternũt">pro&longs;ternunt</expan> opus: <expan abbr="Alterũ">Al<lb/>terum</expan> quo &longs;uffodiunt muros atque <expan abbr="&longs;ubruũt">&longs;ubruunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N40565F">Vtri&longs;que magna ex parte <lb/>prouidebitur <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> muro magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a: Nam <expan abbr="murũ">murum</expan> i&longs;tic ni&longs;i ab infi<lb/>ma aqua aut firmo a lapide <expan abbr="perductũ">perductum</expan> non probant: &longs;ed ip&longs;am fo&longs;<lb/>&longs;am et latam et <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> profundam exigunt. </s> <s id="N405678">Nam ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&etilde;">te&longs;tu<lb/>dinem</expan> et turrim <expan abbr="ambulatoriã">ambulatoriam</expan> et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi excludet: ne admoueri <lb/>iuxta queant: Et inuenta aqua aut &longs;axo / omnis <expan abbr="cuniculorũ">cuniculorum</expan> agen<lb/>dorum conatus fru&longs;trabitur. </s> <s id="N405691">E&longs;t apud militares quæ&longs;tio / fo&longs;sam <lb/>ne præ&longs;tet aqua repletam habere: an &longs;iccam præferant. </s> <s id="N405696"><expan abbr="Incolarũ">Incolarum</expan> <lb/>enim ualitudini / non in po&longs;tremis con&longs;ulendum &longs;tatuunt: tum et <lb/>hanc probant / in qua &longs;iquid mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetu corruerit / ilico id <lb/>tollere et purgare po&longs;&longs;is commode: ne i&longs;tinc aggeratus ingre&longs;&longs;us <lb/>ho&longs;ti relinquatur.</s> </p> <p id="N4056A4" type="main"> <s id="N4056A6">Sed redeo ad moenia. </s> <s id="N4056A9">De his ducendis &longs;ic monent ueteres / inter <pb xlink:href="004/01/120.jpg"/>uallo uigenum pedum interpo&longs;ito / duo intrin&longs;ecus muri fabrici<lb/>tentur: deinde terra ex fo&longs;&longs;is ege&longs;ta intermittatur uectibu&longs;que den<lb/>&longs;etur: tollenturque muri i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ita/ ut de plano ciuitatis ad &longs;i<lb/>militudinem gradus qua&longs;i cliuo molli u&longs;que ad propugnacula po&longs;<lb/>&longs;it a&longs;cendi. </s> <s id="N4056B8">Alii ex fo&longs;&longs;a inquiunt exemptam tellurem pro agge<lb/>re ad urbis ambitum ponito: murumque unum ab ip&longs;o fo&longs;&longs;æ alueo <lb/>tollito cra&longs;&longs;itudine ut terræ &longs;uperurgentis onus <expan abbr="per&quml;">perquam</expan> ualde &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;tineat: Ab hoc item alium intra urbem uer&longs;us murum educito <lb/>cel&longs;iorem / a priorique di&longs;tantem &longs;pacio <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> angu&longs;to: Sed quanto il<lb/>lic facta acie cohortes habeant &longs;pacia dimicandi expedita. </s> <s id="N4056CD">Mu<lb/>ros itidem ab exteriore ad interiorem murum tran&longs;uer&longs;os interia<lb/>cito: quorum nexu et adminiculo primarii inter &longs;e his iuncti deti<lb/>neantur: et telluris intermi&longs;&longs;æ uim urgentem perferant ualidius. <lb/></s> <s id="N4056D7">At nos quidem præter hæc eos muros probamus: qui ita &longs;tatuan<lb/>tur / ut &longs;i tandem impetentium machinarum ui &longs;ternantur / habe<lb/>ant &longs;ub&longs;titutum areæ &longs;pacium: quo loci montes a&longs;&longs;ideant: et fo&longs;<lb/>&longs;as ruina &longs;ui non compleant. </s> <s id="N4056E0">In cæteris perplacet Vitruuius: <lb/>Opus inquit muri &longs;ic faciundum cen&longs;eo: ut eius per <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> <lb/>tabulæ oleagineæ u&longs;tolatæ <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> creberrimæ <expan abbr="inter&longs;truan&ttilde;">inter&longs;truantur</expan>: ut utræque <lb/>muri frontes inter &longs;e quemadmodum fibulis hi&longs;taleis colligatæ / <lb/>æternam habeant firmitatem. </s> <s id="N4056F3">Huiu&longs;modi ferme a Pelopone&longs;&longs;i<lb/>bus ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i Plateen&longs;es obieci&longs;&longs;e ho&longs;tibus murum refert Tuchidi<lb/>des: Nam laterculis quidem ligna intermi&longs;cuere / atque multo fir<lb/>mauere. </s> <s id="N4056FC">Et muros omnes inquit Cæ&longs;ar apud Gallias hac fere for<lb/>ma &longs;unt: Trabes directæ perpetuæ in longitudinem paribus inter <lb/>uallis di&longs;tantes inter &longs;e intror&longs;us <expan abbr="reuinciun&ttilde;">reuinciuntur</expan>: et grandibus &longs;axis <lb/><expan abbr="effarciũtur">effarciuntur</expan>: ita ut trabs trabem non contingat: huiu&longs;modi ordini<lb/>bus coagmentandis iu&longs;tam muri altitudinem explent: Id opus <lb/>et &longs;pecie non deforme / et ad defen&longs;ionem e&longs;t <expan abbr="ualidũ">ualidum</expan>: nam ab <expan abbr="inc&etilde;dio">incen<lb/>dio</expan> lapis / et ab ariete materia defendit. </s> <s id="N40571A">Ha&longs;ce in muris connexi<lb/>ones &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ualde <expan abbr="prob&etilde;t">probent</expan>: <expan abbr="nãque">nanque</expan> aiunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> calcem et <expan abbr="materi&etilde;">materiem</expan> <lb/>diu non <expan abbr="cõuenire/">conuenire /</expan> quod uratur et ab&longs;umatur &longs;alibus ardoreque calcis: <lb/>Tum &longs;i erit ut mi&longs;&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="machinarũ">machinarum</expan> opus impetat fiet / inquiunt <lb/>ut uniuer&longs;i muri <expan abbr="cõnexa">connexa</expan> exaggeratio qua&longs;&longs;ata <expan abbr="cõmouea&ttilde;">commoueatur</expan>: et una <pb xlink:href="004/01/121.jpg"/>omnis ad ruinam reddatur prona. </s> <s id="N40574D">At muros contra mi&longs;&longs;ilium in<lb/>iurias &longs;ic pulcherrime firmari arbitramur. </s> <s id="N405752">Anterides ba&longs;i trian<lb/>gula uno in ho&longs;tes angulo proiecto denum interuallo cubitorum <lb/>inter &longs;e di&longs;tantes per muri directiones excitabimus: et arcus ab his <lb/>ad alteras interducemus atque te&longs;tudinabimus: Et interuacua quæ <lb/>illic ueluti &longs;caphæ relictæ &longs;unt / &longs;ubacta paleis argilla uectibus <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;antes">den<lb/>&longs;antes</expan> complebimus. </s> <s id="N405765">Fiet hinc ut tormentorum uis et impetus ap<lb/>pellens lentitudine fru&longs;tretur argillæ: Fiet <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ut <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i &longs;par&longs;im <lb/>et ilico ob&longs;truendis fene&longs;tris murus <expan abbr="tormentorũ">tormentorum</expan> a&longs;&longs;iduitate queat <lb/>debilitari. </s> <s id="N40577A">Apud Siculos pumicis copia perpulchre id præ&longs;tabit: <lb/>quod i&longs;tic quærimus. </s> <s id="N40577F">Alibi pumicis et argillæ loco non <expan abbr="incõmo">incommo</expan> <lb/>de utuntur cofo: Gyp&longs;um <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> huic operi no recu&longs;abimus. </s> <s id="N40578C"><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> <lb/>ex his &longs;iquid ad&longs;it / quod humoris hau&longs;tro nocturni&longs;que uaporibus <lb/>obiectum &longs;it / id lapidea cru&longs;ta atque rectura ue&longs;tiatur. </s> <s id="N405796">Et inprimis <lb/>iuuabit ripam fo&longs;&longs;æ <expan abbr="exterior&etilde;">exteriorem</expan> paulo ponere elatiorem accliuitate <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> cæterum agri &longs;olum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4057A1">Sic enim mi&longs;&longs;ilium de&longs;tinationes mu<lb/>ros urbis non attingent: &longs;ed &longs;uperuolabunt. </s> <s id="N4057A6">Et &longs;unt qui murum <expan abbr="cõtra">con<lb/>tra</expan> <expan abbr="machinam&etilde;ta">machinamenta</expan> mi&longs;&longs;ilium tuti&longs;&longs;imum putent eum qui <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;to">lineamen<lb/>to</expan> ita ducatur / ut &longs;erræ denticulos imitetur. </s> <s id="N4057B9">Atqui placent ad ur<lb/>bem Romam muri: quibus decur&longs;orium ad mediam altitudinem <lb/>ine&longs;t: Suntque per murum aptis locis relictæ fo&longs;&longs;uræ / unde furtim <lb/>a &longs;agittariis incautus et properans ho&longs;tis &longs;aucietur: Et ad murum <lb/>turres quinquagenos in cubitos qua&longs;i anterides <expan abbr="adig&etilde;dæ">adigendæ</expan> prodeun<lb/>tibus in rotundum frontibus et proceritate cel&longs;iores muro: ut qui <lb/>propius applicuerit mi&longs;&longs;ilibus nudum obiiciat latus et conficia<lb/>tur: Sic enim et murus a turribus / et turris a turre mutuo defen<lb/>detur. </s> <s id="N4057D0">Turres quo latere urbem &longs;pectant / muro nudatas poni<lb/>to et apertas: ne ho&longs;tem forta&longs;&longs;is immi&longs;&longs;um protegant. </s> <s id="N4057D5">Tur<lb/>ribus muri&longs;que coronæ et decori &longs;unt / et firmitatem ex nexura af<lb/>ferunt: et admotarum &longs;calarum irreptiones prohibent. </s> <s id="N4057DC">Sunt qui <lb/>per muros &longs;ub ip&longs;is præ&longs;ertim turribus intermi&longs;&longs;a præcipitia re <lb/>linqui uelint / et muniri pontibus ligneis: qui confe&longs;tim aut redu<lb/>cti / aut deiecti prout res exigat u&longs;ui aut &longs;aluti &longs;unt.</s> </p> <p id="N4057E5" type="main"> <s id="N4057E7">Ad portarum utrumque latus / ueteres a&longs;&longs;ueuere geminas <pb xlink:href="004/01/122.jpg"/>grandiores turres præ&longs;tituere multa &longs;ui parte &longs;olidas: quæ ueluti <lb/>brachia &longs;inus fauce&longs;que ingre&longs;&longs;us foueant. </s> <s id="N4057F0">Turribus nulla te&longs;tudo <lb/>&longs;ed lignea tabulata interitruantur: quæ ubi opus &longs;it et reuelli et <lb/>igne ab&longs;umi queant. </s> <s id="N4057F7">Turrium tabulata clauis figi <expan abbr="uetãt">uetant</expan>: quo ma<lb/>turius po&longs;&longs;int ho&longs;te peruincente deturbari. </s> <s id="N405800">Tecta et &longs;ece&longs;&longs;us <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>deerunt: quibus excubiæ hybernas pruinas et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> <lb/>iniurias tolerent. </s> <s id="N40580F">Propugnaculis <expan abbr="pend&etilde;tia">pendentia</expan> &longs;ub&longs;int foramina: qui<lb/>bus lapidem et faces in ho&longs;tem / et aquam etiam &longs;iquid portam in<lb/>cenderit / fundas. </s> <s id="N40581A">Valuas corio et ferro tectas ab igne uindicari <lb/>prædicant. </s> <s id="N40581F">De his hactenus.</s> </p> <p id="N405822" type="main"> <s id="N405824">Portarum ratio pro uiarum militarium numero habenda e&longs;t: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>uiarum quidem aliæ militares: aliæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> militares. </s> <s id="N405831">Non hic illa iu<lb/>ri&longs; con&longs;ultorum pro&longs;equor: ut actus iumentorum iter <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ha<lb/>beri gratia uiam utrumque complecti &longs;tatuam. </s> <s id="N40583C">Sunt quidem mili<lb/>tares qua in prouincia profici&longs;cimur cum exercitu atque <expan abbr="impedim&etilde;tis">impedimen<lb/>tis</expan>. </s> <s id="N405848">Ergo militarem no militaribus multo e&longs;&longs;e &longs;patio&longs;iorem opor<lb/>tet. </s> <s id="N40584D">Et aduerti a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e ueteres ponere ut e&longs;&longs;ent cubitos <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> <lb/>minus octo. </s> <s id="N405856">Ex lege. xii. tabularum uiam &longs;ic finiunt: ut quæ in <lb/>porrectum &longs;it / latitudinem habeat pedes. </s> <s id="N405861">xii. Quæ in anfractum <lb/>id e&longs;t ubi flexum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N405869">xvi. </s> <s id="N40586C">Non militares &longs;unt quibus a militari <lb/>egredimur aut in uillam <expan abbr="oppidũ">oppidum</expan> ue: aut æque aliam in uillam mi<lb/>litarem: uti &longs;unt per agrum actus: per urbem diuerticula. </s> <s id="N405879">E&longs;t <lb/>præterea uiarum quoddam genus / quod quidem plateæ naturam <lb/>&longs;apiat: uti &longs;unt quæ ad certos aliquos u&longs;us habeantur / præ&longs;ertim <lb/>publicos: puta quæ in templum / in curriculum / in basilicam du<lb/>cat. </s> <s id="N405884">Viarum militarium ductus non eo&longs;dem ip&longs;um per agrum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e atque intra urbem oportet: Extra urbem omnino &longs;eruanda hæc <lb/>&longs;unt: ut patula et aperti&longs;&longs;ima ad omnem <expan abbr="circũa&longs;pectum">circuma&longs;pectum</expan> fiet: ut <lb/>impeditionibus cum aquarum / tum ruinarum &longs;it libera et expedi<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ima: ut latronibu&longs; ad in&longs;idias <expan abbr="captãdas">captandas</expan> nullæ penitus latebræ <lb/>nulli &longs;ece&longs;&longs;u&longs; <expan abbr="relinquan&ttilde;">relinquantur</expan>: ut in eam non pa&longs;&longs;im unde ui&longs; aditu&longs; <lb/>ad populatione&longs; pateant: Po&longs;tremo ut directa breui&longs;&longs;imaque &longs;it: <lb/>omnium erit breui&longs;&longs;ima / non ut illi quæ recti&longs;&longs;ima: &longs;ed quæ tuti&longs;si<lb/>ma: Maloque prolixiorem paulo / <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> parum <expan abbr="cõmodam">commodam</expan>. </s> <s id="N4058AB">Sunt qui <pb xlink:href="004/01/123.jpg"/>putent agrum priuernatem e&longs;&longs;e tuti&longs;&longs;imum quod eum <expan abbr="profũdæ">profun<lb/>dæ</expan> uiæ qua&longs;i dimer&longs;æ fo&longs;&longs;æ per&longs;eccent / ingre&longs;&longs;u ambiguæ / pro<lb/>gre&longs;&longs;u incertæ et minime tute: ripis extantibus: unde ho<lb/>&longs;tis facile po&longs;&longs;it obteri peritiores <expan abbr="tuti&longs;&longs;imã">tuti&longs;&longs;imam</expan> <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan> que <expan abbr="coe&qtilde;tum">coequae<lb/>tum</expan> per colliculorum dor&longs;um agitur. </s> <s id="N4058CA">Proxime ad <expan abbr="hãc">hanc</expan> ac<lb/>cedit quæ ex uetere more extructo aggere medios per cam<lb/>pos dirigitur. </s> <s id="N4058D5">Quin et illam ueteres ea de re aggerum <expan abbr="nũcuparunt">nun<lb/>cuparunt</expan>: et profecta &longs;ic perducta multas de &longs;e præbebit <expan abbr="cõmoditates">com<lb/>moditates</expan>: nam cum ex pro&longs;pectus amenitate per cel&longs;am <lb/>exaggerationem ambulantes uiatores ab itineris labore et <lb/>molestia plurimum leuentur: tum et multo intere&longs;t <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> <lb/>longe præuidi&longs;&longs;e: et habere qui po&longs;&longs;is infe&longs;tum urgentem <lb/>aut modica manu di&longs;tinere: aut nulla tuorum iactura &longs;i &longs;u<lb/>peret cedere: et ad rem &longs;it quod ad <expan abbr="uiã">uiam</expan> <expan abbr="portu&etilde;&longs;em">portuen&longs;em</expan> annotaui <lb/>quando enim egypto / affrica / libia / hi&longs;paniis / germania in <lb/>&longs;ulis hominum ingens numerus: mercium maxima uis <expan abbr="cõfluebat">con<lb/>fluebat</expan>: &longs;tratam effecere. </s> <s id="N405908">duplam: et in medio lapidum or<lb/>do eminens uti limes extabat pedem / ut prodirent altera: <lb/>redirent altera / uitata properantium offen&longs;ione. </s> <s id="N40590F">huiu&longs;modi <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e militarem uiam extra urbem oportet / expeditam dire<lb/>ctam atque tuti&longs;&longs;imam.</s> </p> <p id="N405916" type="main"> <s id="N405918">Cum ad urbem applicuerit &longs;i erit ciuitas clara et <expan abbr="prepot&etilde;s">prepotens</expan> <lb/>uias habere directas ampli&longs;&longs;imas condecet: que ad dignita<lb/>tem maie&longs;tatemque urbis <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan>. </s> <s id="N405927">Sin autem erit colonia / aut <lb/>oppidum tuti&longs;&longs;imos pre&longs;tabit aditus: &longs;i non expedito in <lb/>portam rectabit: &longs;ed in dextram aut &longs;ini&longs;tram prope menia <lb/>ac pre&longs;ertim &longs;ub ip&longs;is murorum propugnaculis diducetur <lb/>intra urbem uero non directa / &longs;ed fluentum more in hanc <lb/>atque in hanc / atque iterato in hanc ip&longs;am / e&longs;&longs;e partem molli <lb/>flexu &longs;inuo&longs;am condecet. </s> <s id="N405936">Nam preter illud quod ea quidem <lb/>ubi prolixior uidebitur: illic urbis amplitudinem <expan abbr="opiniõe">opinione</expan> <lb/>adaugebit: profecto uehementer quoque confert ad gratiam <lb/>ad u&longs;us commoditates / ad temporumque ca&longs;us / et nece&longs;&longs;ita<lb/>tes. </s> <s id="N405947">Etenim et quanti erit hoc et rectantibus ad &longs;ingulos <pb xlink:href="004/01/124.jpg"/>gradus: <expan abbr="&longs;en&longs;ĩ">&longs;en&longs;im</expan> nouæ ædificiorum facies <expan abbr="obiiciã&ttilde;">obiiciantur</expan>: ut cuiu&longs;que do<lb/>mus egre&longs;&longs;io et pro&longs;pectus ex media uiæ ip&longs;ius <expan abbr="ãplitudinc">amplitudine</expan> <expan abbr="diriga&ttilde;">di<lb/>rigatur</expan>: ut <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alibi nimia laxitas <expan abbr="ĩdecora">indecora</expan> &longs;it et <expan abbr="&etilde;t">etiam</expan> in&longs;alubris: <lb/>Hic ip&longs;a quoque ua&longs;titas conducat. </s> <s id="N405971">Vrbem Romam &longs;cri<lb/>bit Cornelius / dilatatis a Nerone uiis effectam <expan abbr="feruidior&etilde;">feruidiorem</expan> <lb/>et ea de re minus &longs;alubrem: alibi contra in arctis uiarum <lb/>crude&longs;cunt: e&longs;tate nunquam erit non umbro&longs;a: nulla item <lb/>aderit domus: quam non diei radius ingrediatur. </s> <s id="N405980">Et aura <lb/>nunquam erit immunis. </s> <s id="N405985">Nam unde uis mota appulerit re<lb/>ctam et magna ex parte <expan abbr="expeditã">expeditam</expan> <expan abbr="preterflu&etilde;di">preterfluendi</expan> aream inue<lb/>niet. </s> <s id="N405994">Et uentos eadem nunquam infe&longs;tos experietur: illico <lb/>enim retundentur parietum obiectu. </s> <s id="N405999">Adde quod &longs;i <expan abbr="ingredie&ttilde;">ingredietur</expan> <lb/>ho&longs;tis: non minus a fronte atque <expan abbr="lateribus/&qtilde;">lateribus / quae</expan> a tergo lace&longs;<lb/>&longs;itus periclitabitur.</s> </p> <p id="N4059A8" type="main"> <s id="N4059AA">De militaribus hactenus: non militares ha&longs;ce imitabuntur <lb/>ni forta&longs;&longs;is hoc inter&longs;it / quod i&longs;tic quidem ad lineam directe <lb/>&longs;i erunt: cum angulis parietum et partibus ædificiorum <lb/>magis conuenient. </s> <s id="N4059B3">Sed intra urbem placui&longs;&longs;e comperio ue<lb/>teribus uias ade&longs;&longs;e aliquas <expan abbr="ĩextricabilis">inextricabilis</expan> atque aliquas nul<lb/>lius exitus quas ingrediens ho&longs;tis noxiu&longs;ue anceps &longs;uique <lb/>diffi&longs;os he&longs;itet: aut &longs;i e&longs;&longs;e audacior per&longs;eueret: mature pe<lb/>riclitetur. </s> <s id="N4059C2">E&longs;&longs;e et minutiores uias conferet / non in <expan abbr="longũ">longum</expan> <lb/>productas: &longs;ed in primam tran&longs;uer&longs;am uiam terminatas: <lb/>ut qua&longs;i non <expan abbr="publicũ">publicum</expan> <expan abbr="expeditũque">expeditunque</expan> iter / &longs;ed potius obiectæ <lb/>domus <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> <expan abbr="prebeãt">prebeant</expan>: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> id et domibus lumina paratiora: <lb/>et urbi <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> uolunt <expan abbr="ho&longs;til&etilde;">ho&longs;tilem</expan> <expan abbr="excur&longs;ion&etilde;">excur&longs;ionem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩpeditior&etilde;">impeditiorem</expan> pre&longs;tabit. <lb/></s> <s id="N4059F6">Vicis intra urbem di&longs;par&longs;is et minime continuis habitam <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e babilonem &longs;cribit Curtius. </s> <s id="N4059FB">Platoni contra non uicos <lb/>modo &longs;ed parietes etiam domorum haberi coniunctos pla<lb/>cuit / idque opus urbi e&longs;&longs;e pro muro uoluit. </s> <s id="N405A02">Pons quidem <lb/>poti&longs;&longs;ima uiæ pars e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N405A07">pontis habendi locus erit idoneus <lb/>non omnis. </s> <s id="N405A0C">nam preter id: quod non extremum &longs;eclu&longs;umque in <lb/>angulum paucorum commoditatibus relinqui: &longs;ed medias <lb/>in regiones u&longs;ibus uniuer&longs;orum patere pontem conuenit. <pb xlink:href="004/01/125.jpg"/>Profecto <expan abbr="locãdus">locandus</expan> is quidem erit / ubi et facile ponere: et im<lb/>pen&longs;a non graui&longs;&longs;ima perficere: et <expan abbr="eternũ">eternum</expan> futurum &longs;pera&longs;&longs;e <lb/>liceat. </s> <s id="N405A23">Captanda igitur uada non profundiora: non abruta: <lb/>non incerta: non mobilia: &longs;ed coequata et man&longs;ura. </s> <s id="N405A28">Vitan<lb/>di uortices: gurgites: uoragines et eiu&longs;modi: quæ mala per <lb/>fluenta uer&longs;antur. </s> <s id="N405A2F"><expan abbr="Vitãdique">Vitandique</expan> in primis anfractibus riparum <lb/>cubiti : <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteras ob res / &longs;unt <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> i&longs;tic ripæ ut uidere licet <lb/>ruinis <expan abbr="obnoxiæ/tũ">obnoxiæ / tum</expan> quod per eos ip&longs;os cubitos alluuiorum tem<lb/>pe&longs;tatibus rapta ex agris materia et trunci et &longs;iluæ non re<lb/>cto expeditoque lap&longs;u <expan abbr="deuehũtur/&longs;ed">deuehuntur / &longs;ed</expan> <expan abbr="obuer&longs;ãtur">obuer&longs;antur</expan>: aliaque alias <lb/>retardando glomerantibus congruuntur: ua&longs;tumque coactæ in <lb/>cumulum hære&longs;cunt pilis: unde fauces arcuum ob&longs;tipatæ <lb/>&longs;uccumbunt quoadiu moleque pre&longs;&longs;antium aquarum detur<lb/>batur opus / atque diruitur. </s> <s id="N405A5A">Sed &longs;unt <expan abbr="põtium">pontium</expan> alii lapidei / alii <lb/>lignei. </s> <s id="N405A63">De ligneis prius / quod opere &longs;int faciliores: po&longs;t de la<lb/>pideis tran&longs;igemus. </s> <s id="N405A68">Vtrumque firmi&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;&longs;e oportet. <lb/></s> <s id="N405A6C">Ergo is multa et ualida lignorum copia corroborabitur. <lb/></s> <s id="N405A70">Quam ad rem pulchre <expan abbr="exequ&etilde;dã/">exequendam /</expan> illud Cæ&longs;aris maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodum">im<lb/>modum</expan> confert. </s> <s id="N405A7D">Nam pontis quidem efficiendi rationem <lb/>&longs;ic in&longs;tituit. </s> <s id="N405A82">Tigna bina &longs;exquipedalia paululum ab imo <lb/>præacuto dimer&longs;a ad altitudinem fluminis / interuallo pe<lb/>dum duorum inter &longs;e iungebat. </s> <s id="N405A89">Haec cum machinationibus <lb/>immi&longs;&longs;a in flumen defixerat: figi&longs;tici&longs;que adegerat non di<lb/>recte ad perpendiculum / &longs;ed prona ac fa&longs;tigiata: ut &longs;ecun<lb/>dum naturam fluminis procumberent. </s> <s id="N405A92">His item contraria <lb/>duo inter &longs;e ad eundem modum iuncta: interuallo pedum <lb/>quadragenum ab inferiore parte contra uim atque impetum <lb/>fluminis conuer&longs;a &longs;tatuebat. </s> <s id="N405A9B">Haec utraque uti diximus con<lb/>&longs;tituta bipedalibus trabibus &longs;uperimmi&longs;&longs;is iungebat longis <lb/>quantum in&longs;titorum tignorum iunctura di&longs;tabat. </s> <s id="N405AA2">Huiu&longs;modi <lb/><expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> <expan abbr="īmi&longs;&longs;æ">immi&longs;&longs;æ</expan> trabes binis utrinque fibulis ab extrema parte de<lb/>&longs;tinebantur: quibus di&longs;clu&longs;is atque in <expan abbr="cõtrariam">contrariam</expan> partem re<lb/>iunctis / tanta erat operis firmitudo atque ea rerum natura: <lb/>ut quo maior uis aquæ &longs;e incita&longs;&longs;et / hoc arctius colligata <pb xlink:href="004/01/126.jpg"/>tenerentur iuga. </s> <s id="N405ABC">Hæc materia iniecta <expan abbr="contexebãtur">contexebantur</expan> longu<lb/>riis: cratibu&longs;que con&longs;ternebantur: ac nihilo &longs;egnius gratilio<lb/>res trabes quas &longs;ubiciendo &longs;ubucas nuncupant / ad <expan abbr="inferior&etilde;">inferiorem</expan> <lb/>partem fluminis obliquæ agebantur / quo pro ariete &longs;ubie<lb/>ctæ / et cum omni opere <expan abbr="cõiunctæ">coniunctæ</expan> uim fluminis <expan abbr="exciper&etilde;t">exciperent</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N405AD8">Et aliæ item trabes &longs;upra pontem extabant fluuio mediocri <lb/>&longs;patio infixæ: ut &longs;i arborum trunci &longs;iue naues deiiciendi ope<lb/>ris cau&longs;a e&longs;&longs;ent a barbaris mi&longs;&longs;æ: his <expan abbr="def&etilde;&longs;oribus">defen&longs;oribus</expan> earum re<lb/>rum uis minueretur: neu ponti <expan abbr="nocer&etilde;t">nocerent</expan>. </s> <s id="N405AE9">Hec Cæ&longs;ar. </s> <s id="N405AEC">Non <lb/>&longs;it ab re quod apud ueronam a&longs;&longs;ueuere ligneos <expan abbr="põtes">pontes</expan> in&longs;ter<lb/>nere ferreis uirgis: ea præ&longs;ertim parte qua redam et carros <lb/>trahebant. </s> <s id="N405AF9">Sequitur lapideus pons: eius partes hæ &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N405AFC">Su<lb/>bices <expan abbr="riparũ">riparum</expan> pilæ: fornix in&longs;tratura. </s> <s id="N405B05">Inter &longs;ubices riparum <lb/>atque pilas hoc intere&longs;t: quod hæ ualido penitus obnixu <expan abbr="per/&longs;tent">per<lb/>&longs;tent</expan> nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N405B0C">Nam ad <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;tin&etilde;da">&longs;u&longs;tinenda</expan> modo &longs;uperiniectæ for<lb/>nicis <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> uti et pilæ: uerum et amplius ad prima pontis <lb/>capita et arcuum uim arcendam et <expan abbr="continendã">continendam</expan> nequid pan<lb/>dant. </s> <s id="N405B21">Ergo <expan abbr="elig&etilde;dæ">eligendæ</expan> ripæ uel potius rupes lapideæ <expan abbr="nãque">namque</expan> ob<lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imæ: quibus pontis capita committas. </s> <s id="N405B2E"><expan abbr="Pilarũ">Pilarum</expan> nume<lb/>rus ad fluuii latitudinem referetur. </s> <s id="N405B36">Arcus impares cum de<lb/>lectant numero: tum et conducunt firmitati. </s> <s id="N405B3B">Nam medius <lb/>fluenti cur&longs;us quo a cohertione riparum remotior e&longs;t: eo et <lb/>liberior: et quo liberior / eo et concitatior atque <expan abbr="ĩpetuo&longs;ior">impetuo&longs;ior</expan> <lb/>deuoluitur. </s> <s id="N405B48">Ergo is quidem linquendus e&longs;t uagus: ne pila<lb/>rum firmitati officiat illuctando. </s> <s id="N405B4D">Et locandæ per fluuium <lb/>pilæ <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;unt / ubi ca&longs;tigatiores et ut ita loquar de&longs;idio<lb/>&longs;iores undæ preterlabantur. </s> <s id="N405B58">Huius <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> loci dino&longs;cen<lb/>di alluuiones mon&longs;trabunt: alioquin &longs;ic rem captabimus. <lb/></s> <s id="N405B62">Eos enim imitati qui nucem flumine &longs;par&longs;ere: quibus col<lb/>lectis ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="ue&longs;cer&etilde;tur/">ue&longs;cerentur /</expan> perpetuum fluminis tran&longs;itum &longs;u<lb/>pra longe ad pa&longs;&longs;us puta mille quingentos: quo præ&longs;ertim <lb/>tempore fluuius excreuerit: quippiam cale quod aquas &longs;u<lb/>pernatet deiiciemus. </s> <s id="N405B71">Indicio erit aquas maiore illic &longs;e con<lb/>citare impetu: quo loci quæ ieceris plurimum conueniant. <pb xlink:href="004/01/127.jpg"/>Ponendis igitur pilis hunc uitabimus locum: eum captabi<lb/>mus: ad quem iacta rariora tardioraque deuenerint. </s> <s id="N405B7C">Mina <lb/>rex cum ad memphim pontem facere in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;et: nilum de<lb/>duxit alio per montes: ab&longs;olutoque opere &longs;uum in alueum <lb/>re&longs;tituit. </s> <s id="N405B85">Nicoris a&longs;yorum regina paratis omnibus que ad <lb/>pontem in&longs;truendum facerent: effo&longs;&longs;o lacu ampli&longs;&longs;imo / flu<lb/>uium diuertit eo: atque interea <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> lacus impletur &longs;icco flu<lb/>minis alueo pilas extruxit. </s> <s id="N405B92">Hæc illi. </s> <s id="N405B95">At nos &longs;ic rem pro&longs;e<lb/>quemur. </s> <s id="N405B9A">Pilarum fundamenta per <expan abbr="autumnũ">autumnum</expan> aquis deficien<lb/>tibus &longs;i&longs;tentur: &longs;epto circumacto. </s> <s id="N405BA3">Septi faciundi modus <lb/>hic e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N405BA8">Pali non infrequentes duplici ordine <expan abbr="figũtur">figuntur</expan>: ut ca<lb/>pitibus ab aqua emergant in uallorum &longs;peciem: obducun<lb/>turque intror&longs;um ad pilas / pro uallorum ambitu crates: et <lb/>complentur ordinum interualla: alga et luto: <expan abbr="in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;ãturqueconculcatione">in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;anturque <lb/>conculcatione</expan> quod <expan abbr="ĩfluere">influere</expan> amplius aqua nequicquam po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N405BC0">Moxque intra <expan abbr="&longs;inũ">&longs;inum</expan> &longs;epti re&longs;ident: &longs;eu aqua &longs;eu preter <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> <lb/>limus harena ue &longs;it / &longs;eu quid aliud operi incommodum &longs;it <lb/>eximitur. </s> <s id="N405BCF">Cætera perficiuntur uti libro &longs;uperiore per&longs;crip<lb/>&longs;imus. </s> <s id="N405BD4">Ad &longs;olidum enim defoditur: uel potius palis præu <lb/>&longs;tis &longs;olum arcti&longs;&longs;ime con&longs;pi&longs;&longs;antur. </s> <s id="N405BD9">I&longs;tic aduerti egregios <lb/>architecto&longs; a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e perpetuo pontis ip&longs;ius tractu <expan abbr="perpetuã">perpetuam</expan> <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e ba&longs;im eam effecere non una omnem clau&longs;o flu<lb/>mine unico &longs;epto: Sed additamentis noui&longs;&longs;ima iam tum <lb/>po&longs;itis adigendo. </s> <s id="N405BE8">Tota enim uis aque omnino arceri et <expan abbr="cõtineri">con<lb/>tineri</expan> nequicquam pote&longs;t. </s> <s id="N405BF1">Ergo &longs;inenda fluento dum opus <lb/>ducimus æ&longs;tuaria &longs;unt / quibus la&longs;&longs;etur contumacia protur<lb/>gentium undarum. </s> <s id="N405BF8">Ae&longs;tuaria i&longs;tæc aut ip&longs;o <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> uado aperta <lb/>dimittentur aut ubi conferat parabuntur formæ ligneæ / et <lb/>canales pen&longs;iles / quibus exuberans fluentis aqua <expan abbr="&longs;uperflu&etilde;do">&longs;uperfluen<lb/>do</expan> labatur. </s> <s id="N405C09">Quod &longs;i tantæ piguerit impen&longs;æ &longs;ingulis ba&longs;is<lb/>pilis ba&longs;es ponito &longs;implices / ut &longs;int ex liburnæ &longs;imilitudi<lb/>ne oblongæ / prora et puppi in angulum promi&longs;&longs;a / et perfi<lb/>nita / atque &longs;ecundum aquæ ip&longs;iu&longs; decur&longs;um ad lineam di<lb/>rigito / ut pre impotentium aquarum uim di&longs;partiundo <expan abbr="cõminuant">com<pb xlink:href="004/01/128.jpg"/>minuant</expan>. </s> <s id="N405C1C">Memini&longs;&longs;e oportet undas puppibus pilarum <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> pro<lb/>ris e&longs;&longs;e infe&longs;tatiores. </s> <s id="N405C25">Id <expan abbr="mõ&longs;tratur">mon&longs;tratur</expan> ex ea re quod ad puppes pi<lb/>larum <expan abbr="fecũdior">fecundior</expan> illuctatur aqua <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad proras. </s> <s id="N405C36">Tum et ui&longs;un<lb/>tur illic gurgites in profundum excauati: cum proræ ip&longs;æ <lb/>alueo harena oppletiore per&longs;i&longs;tant. </s> <s id="N405C3D">Quæ quom ita &longs;int has <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e partes in omni operis mole muniti&longs;&longs;imas / et ad <expan abbr="tolerãdas">toleran<lb/>das</expan> aquarum a&longs;&longs;iduas mole&longs;tias firmati&longs;&longs;imas oportet. </s> <s id="N405C48">Ad <lb/>rem igitur uehementer confert / &longs;i profundum opus ip&longs;um <lb/>pedamenti multo quaque uer&longs;us/ et maxime ad puppim pro<lb/>tendetur quoad etiam quouis ca&longs;u &longs;ubdempta <expan abbr="pedamento/rum">pedamento<lb/>rum</expan> parte / multa &longs;uper&longs;int quæ oneri pilarum ferendo non <lb/>deficiant. </s> <s id="N405C55"><expan abbr="Cõfertque">Confertque</expan> <expan abbr="ĩprimis">imprimis</expan> <expan abbr="quãuis">quamuis</expan> ba&longs;im i&longs;tic ip&longs;o a pri<lb/>mordio producere in accliue: ut aquæ &longs;uperuadentes non præ<lb/>rupto irruat: &longs;ed lap&longs;u molli facile dilabitur. </s> <s id="N405C67">Nam præci<lb/>piti <expan abbr="cad&etilde;s">cadens</expan> aqua fundum commouet / et inde facta turbidior <lb/>a&longs;portat commota: et <expan abbr="locũ">locum</expan> momentis excauat. </s> <s id="N405C78">Pilas a&longs;true<lb/>mus lapide <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> id queat prægrandi / longitudine et latitudi<lb/>ne eximia: qui natura &longs;ui gelicidiis re&longs;i&longs;tat: et aquis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ma<lb/>ceretur: neque alioquin facile di&longs;&longs;oluatur: neque frace&longs;cat &longs;ub <lb/>onere: coagmentabiturque omni <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> ad regulam / ad <lb/><expan abbr="perp&etilde;diculum / ad">perpendiculum / ad</expan> libellam / nexuris nunquam intermi&longs;&longs;is / <lb/>in <expan abbr="longũ/intran&longs;uc&longs;um">longum / intran&longs;uer&longs;um</expan> iuncturis mutuo complicitis / &longs;pre<lb/>ta omni minorum lapidum infractura. </s> <s id="N405C9E">Adigeturque ex ære <lb/>acus et an&longs;æ crebræ / eorum loculis ita pre&longs;&longs;is et ita di&longs;po&longs;itis <lb/>ut ulceribus non debilitentur lapides: &longs;ed firmentur captu: <lb/>tolleturque in <expan abbr="altũ">altum</expan> opus / prora et puppi angulari: toto uer<lb/>tice eminenti u&longs;que etiam exuberantes alluuiones pilarum <lb/>frontes &longs;uperet. </s> <s id="N405CB1">Pilarum cra&longs;&longs;itudo ad pontis altitudinem <lb/>erit &longs;ub quadrupla. </s> <s id="N405CB6">Fuere qui non in angulum proras i&longs;tiu&longs;<lb/>modi et puppim &longs;ed emiciclo finierunt ductos credo linia<lb/>menti uenu&longs;tate. </s> <s id="N405CC2">Et ciclum tamet&longs;i habere anguli uires di<lb/>xerim angulum tamen i&longs;ti <expan abbr="īprimis">inprimis</expan> probo: modo non ita <lb/>acuminetur: ut ad omnes leues iniurias decu&longs;&longs;atus dehone<pb xlink:href="004/01/129.jpg"/>&longs;tetur. </s> <s id="N405CD3">Quin et is quidem ciclo decu&longs;&longs;atus deton&longs;u&longs;que pla<lb/>cebit: &longs;i erit non ita obtu&longs;us relictus et impetentis undæ ce<lb/>leritas infen&longs;a re&longs;i&longs;tet. </s> <s id="N405CDA">Iu&longs;tum pilis angulum &longs;tatuemus fo<lb/>re cui rectus <expan abbr="ãgulus">angulus</expan> &longs;exquitertius &longs;it: aut &longs;i minus delectet <lb/>&longs;exquialter. </s> <s id="N405CE5">Hæc de pilis. </s> <s id="N405CE8">At riparum &longs;ubices &longs;i quales op<lb/>tamus natura loci non præ&longs;tabuntur: pilarum opere firma<lb/>bimus: noui&longs;&longs;ima&longs;que inter ad ripam pilas ip&longs;o in &longs;icco ar<lb/>cu&longs;que aliquos protendemus: ut &longs;iquid forte undarum a&longs;&longs;i <lb/>duitas tempe&longs;tatum &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;u ex ripa ab&longs;ter&longs;erit / uia tamen <lb/>producto in agrum <expan abbr="põte">ponte</expan> minime inter&longs;ecetur. </s> <s id="N405CFB">Fornices et <lb/>arcus cum cæteras ob res: tum propter acres et nu&longs;quam in<lb/>termi&longs;&longs;as carrorum in tremitatione&longs; e&longs;&longs;e oportet per <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> egre<lb/>gie ualidas et mirifice obfirmatas. </s> <s id="N405D08">Adde quod interdum tra<lb/>henda per pontem &longs;unt ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima forta&longs;&longs;is pondera colo&longs;<lb/>&longs;orum / obeli&longs;corum et eiu&longs;modi: utque &longs;cauro limitarem la<lb/>pidem trahenti euenit: redemptores publici damna infecta <lb/>metuant ea re pons et <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;to">lineamento</expan> et omni opere ad perpetui<lb/>tatem erit accomodandus contra carrorum incu&longs;&longs;iones cre<lb/>bras atque mole&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas deberi pontibus integros lapides <lb/>prægrandes: inducit ratio facile ut a&longs;&longs;entiamur incudis <expan abbr="ex&etilde;plo">exem<lb/>plo</expan>. </s> <s id="N405D23">Nam &longs;i grandis et perinde grauis illa quidem &longs;it: mal<lb/>leorum incu&longs;&longs;ationes facile &longs;u&longs;tinet. </s> <s id="N405D28">&longs;ed &longs;i leuior: ictibus re<lb/>&longs;ultat et commouetur. </s> <s id="N405D2D">Diximus fornicem arcubus compli<lb/>menti&longs;que contineri: et arcum e&longs;&longs;e firmi&longs;&longs;imum cum qui &longs;it <lb/>rectus: Quod &longs;i ex pilarum di&longs;po&longs;itione ita re&longs;pondeat re<lb/>ctus: ut eius nimium procera incuruitate offendare: utemur <lb/>comminuto: riparum &longs;ubicibus maiori cra&longs;&longs;itudine multo <lb/>confirmatis. </s> <s id="N405D3A">Denique arcus quiuis qui ad fornicis i&longs;tius <expan abbr="frõtes">fron<lb/>tes</expan> extabit coaptabitur ip&longs;o ex lapide præduro et prægran<lb/>di nihilo &longs;egnius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> is quem pilis mandandum duxeris. </s> <s id="N405D49">Et <lb/>ne erunt quidem graciliores in arcu lapides: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut cra&longs;&longs;itu<lb/>dine ad cordam &longs;ui ex decupla re&longs;pondeant. </s> <s id="N405D56">Corda ne erit <pb xlink:href="004/01/130.jpg"/>quidem <expan abbr="lõgior">longior</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut ad pilæ cra&longs;&longs;itudinem &longs;excupla: ne bre<lb/>uior <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut quadrupla re&longs;pondeat: aderuntque ad cuneos i&longs;ti<lb/>u&longs;modi mutuo innectendos acus ærei in&longs;iti: atque an&longs;æ mi<lb/>nime inualidæ: tum ad arcum &longs;upremus cuneus / qui &longs;pina <lb/>dicitur / erit cum ad compares lineas cum cæteris dolatus: <lb/>tum habebit amplius quippiam altero &longs;ui capite cra&longs;&longs;itudi<lb/>nis: quo non ni&longs;i fi&longs;tigica in&longs;eri: et leui ariete po&longs;&longs;it intru<lb/>di. </s> <s id="N405D77">Sic enim &longs;ubinde reliqui per arcum &longs;ubiecti cunei ar<lb/>ctius per&longs;tricti con&longs;tantius in officio <expan abbr="perdurabũt">perdurabunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N405D80">Comple<lb/>menta omnia <expan abbr="inter&longs;tru&etilde;tur">inter&longs;truentur</expan> lapide / quo nullus integrior ne<lb/>xura / qua nulla coniunctior afferri po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N405D8B">Quod &longs;i firmi&longs; <lb/>&longs;imi lapidis copia u&longs;que non &longs;uppeditabit complementis per<lb/>ficiundis imbecilliores pro nece&longs;&longs;itate non recu&longs;abo modo <lb/>toto ip&longs;ius fornicis dor&longs;o &longs;pina et utrinque contigui ad &longs;pi<lb/>nam adacti ordine&longs; nequicquam ni&longs;i expræduro lapide a&longs;ci<lb/>&longs;cantur. </s> <s id="N405D98">Sequitur ut in&longs;ternatur id opus non magis ponti<lb/>bus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> perpetuis quidem uiis den&longs;andum e&longs;t &longs;olum / in&longs;par<lb/>gendumque glarea / ad cubiti cra&longs;&longs;itudinem: po&longs;t <expan abbr="&longs;uperin&longs;tru&etilde;dus">&longs;uperin<lb/>&longs;truendus</expan> lapis fultu harenæ puræ fluuiatilis aut marinæ. <lb/></s> <s id="N405DA9">Pontibus autem &longs;ub&longs;tratura et &longs;olum <expan abbr="cem&etilde;tio">cementio</expan> opere ad &longs;ui <lb/>arcus parem cra&longs;&longs;itudinem erit coequandum. </s> <s id="N405DB2">Po&longs;t id quæ <lb/>in&longs;traueris calce fulcienda &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N405DB7">In cæteris par ambobus <lb/>erit ratio. </s> <s id="N405DBC">Nam munientur quidem latera &longs;tructura firmi&longs;<lb/>&longs;ima / et <expan abbr="&longs;uperin&longs;tern&etilde;tur">&longs;uperin&longs;ternentur</expan> lapide / nec pu&longs;illo / nec uolubili: <lb/>qui leui appul&longs;u diuellatur: nec item ampli&longs;&longs;imo / adeo ut <lb/>illic ueluti in lubrico prolabi <expan abbr="ium&etilde;tum">iumentum</expan> &longs;i ceperit ruat: pri<lb/>u&longs;quam fixuram inueniat ubi ungula re&longs;titet. </s> <s id="N405DCF">Atqui pluri<lb/>mum quidem intere&longs;t quo <expan abbr="in&longs;ternãtur">in&longs;ternantur</expan> lapide: aut quid pu<lb/>tas longo et a&longs;&longs;iduo iumentorum rotarumque attritu fieri: <lb/>quando formicas ip&longs;um per &longs;ilicem pedum attritu excaua&longs; <lb/>&longs;e callem admoneamur ? Sed ueteres aduerti: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> alibi: tum <lb/>ad tiburtinam uiæ medium &longs;iliceo lapide in&longs;traui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N405DE6">Late <lb/>uero hinc atque hinc operui&longs;&longs;e glarea minuta. </s> <s id="N405DEB">Id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/131.jpg"/>quo i&longs;tic rotæ in&longs;trata corrumperent minus recuteret <expan abbr="ium&etilde;torum">iumen<lb/>torum</expan> ungulas: alibi et præ&longs;ertim pontibus &longs;ublatos lapideis <lb/>gradibus toto pontis tractu calles habuere ad &longs;pondas / qui<lb/>bus ambularent pedites nitidius. </s> <s id="N405E00">Medium autem plau&longs;tris <lb/>equitibu&longs; ue relinqueretur. </s> <s id="N405E05">Cæterum ueteres huic operi &longs;i<lb/>liceum lapidem egregie probauerunt. </s> <s id="N405E0A">Inter &longs;ilices fi&longs;tulo<lb/>&longs;us commodior: non quia durior / &longs;ed quia ue&longs;tigiis minus <lb/>lubricus. </s> <s id="N405E11"><expan abbr="Qualicũque">Qualicumque</expan> dabitur lapide pro rerum copia ute<lb/>mur: modo præduri&longs;&longs;imi &longs;eligantur quibus ea &longs;altem uiæ <lb/>pars in&longs;ternatur: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> poti&longs;&longs;imum iumenta <expan abbr="reptãdo">reptando</expan> petant. <lb/></s> <s id="N405E26">Et petunt quidem æquabiliorem: accliuiorem penitus <expan abbr="re/cu&longs;ant">re<lb/>cu&longs;ant</expan>: poneturque &longs;eu &longs;ilex / &longs;eu quiuis lapis latus / cubitum <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;us ne minus pede. </s> <s id="N405E2D">Suprema &longs;uperficie æquabili / lateri<lb/>bus cohærentibus nullis intermi&longs;&longs;is hiatibus di&longs;po&longs;itus ad <lb/>fa&longs;tigium quo exceptus imber diffundatur. </s> <s id="N405E34">Fa&longs;tigiatio tri<lb/>plex. </s> <s id="N405E39">Nam aut in medium &longs;tratæ decurret accliuitas quod la<lb/>tioribus debetur uiis aut in latera quod arctiores minus impe<lb/>dio: aut rectam per longitudinem perducetur. </s> <s id="N405E42">I&longs;ta quidem <lb/>moderantur prout cloacarum riuulorumque exitus <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> mare: in <lb/>lacum: aut in fluentum pre&longs;tantur. </s> <s id="N405E4D">Iu&longs;ta erit fa&longs;tigatio <expan abbr="bi/nos">bi<lb/>nos</expan> in cubitos digytum &longs;emis. </s> <s id="N405E52">Aduerti <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> accliuia qui<lb/>bus in montes a&longs;cenderent triginta quou&longs;que <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> pedes pedem <lb/>fa&longs;tigia&longs;&longs;e unum. </s> <s id="N405E61">Et locis nonnullis ut puta ad pontium ca<lb/>pita ui&longs;untur fa&longs;tigiata altitudine ut &longs;int &longs;ingulos in cubi<lb/>tos palmo: &longs;ed &longs;unt ea quidem breuia: quæ onu&longs;tum iumen<lb/>tum uno innixu præteruolet. </s> <s id="N405E6A">Cloacas ad opus uiarum &longs;pe<lb/>ctare arbitrantur: quod &longs;ubtermedias per uias ducendæ <lb/>&longs;int: quod ad in&longs;ternendas / coæquandas / purgatiore&longs;que <lb/>reddendas uias conferant. </s> <s id="N405E73">Has ea de re hic non negliga<lb/>mus. </s> <s id="N405E78">Enim uero cloacam quid e&longs;&longs;e ego aliud dixerim <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="põtem">pon<lb/>tem</expan> / uel potius arcum aliquem longe lati&longs;&longs;imum nimirum <lb/>iccirco in his cloacis con&longs;tituendis quæ hactenus de ponte <lb/>ip&longs;o a&longs;truendo recen&longs;uimus: omnia admodum ob&longs;eruabun<pb xlink:href="004/01/132.jpg"/>tur. </s> <s id="N405E8D">Atqui cloacarum quidem u&longs;um ueteres tanti fecere: <lb/>ut in nullo opere ab&longs;oluendo <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> impen&longs;æ et diligentiæ <lb/>adhibui&longs;&longs;e u&longs;piam uideantur. </s> <s id="N405E98">Cloacas inter mirifica ur<lb/>bis romæ opera primas annumerant. </s> <s id="N405E9D">Non hic in&longs;i&longs;to / quan<lb/>tas afferant cloacæ commoditates / ad urbis lautitiem / ad <lb/>publicarum priuatarumque ædium munditiem / ad aeris &longs;a<lb/>lubritatem et &longs;inceritatem non inficiendam. </s> <s id="N405EA6">Smyrnam <lb/>urbem <expan abbr="ī">in</expan> qua Trebonium Dolabella ob&longs;idione liberauit uia<lb/>rum directione et operum ornamentis alioquin fui&longs;&longs;e pul<lb/>cherrimam ferunt: &longs;ed cloace quod non ade&longs;&longs;ent: quibus for<lb/>des emi&longs;&longs;æ exciperentur / feditate ho&longs;pites <expan abbr="off&etilde;debat">offendebat</expan>. </s> <s id="N405EB9">Senis <lb/>in ethruria ad lautitiem dee&longs;t quod de&longs;unt cloace. </s> <s id="N405EBE">Ex quo fit <lb/>ut non &longs;olum prima ultimaque noctis uigilia quibus horis <lb/>collectarum &longs;ordium ua&longs;a ex fene&longs;tris funduntur / tota fete<lb/>at: uerum et inde interdum ob&longs;cena et grauiter humectata <lb/>&longs;it. </s> <s id="N405EC9">Cloacarum aliæ &longs;unt quas diffu&longs;orias appello quod im<lb/>mi&longs;&longs;as aquas in fluentum / in lacum / aut in mare <expan abbr="defundãt">defundant</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N405ED3">Aliæ &longs;ubcliuæ quibus conceptæ <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> &longs;ordes non alio euo<lb/>mantur: &longs;ed qua&longs;i terræ alueo inhau&longs;tæ &longs;idendo confician<lb/>tur. </s> <s id="N405EE1">Diffu&longs;orias e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;tratas oportet &longs;tratura decliui ac <lb/>prona et &longs;olida: qua liberrime diffluat: et que illic &longs;tructa <lb/>&longs;int a&longs;&longs;idua humectatione non macerentur. </s> <s id="N405EE8">Et ha&longs;ce confert <lb/>habere a fluuio &longs;ublatas: quoad turbidis alluuionibus non <lb/>compleatur: et limo minime ob&longs;truatur. </s> <s id="N405EEF">Subcliuus ip&longs;o <lb/>nudo erimus <expan abbr="cõtenti">contenti</expan> &longs;olo. </s> <s id="N405EF8">Nam terram quidem poetæ cer<lb/>berum: philo&longs;ophi lupum e&longs;&longs;e deorum <expan abbr="predicãt /">predicant /</expan> quod omnia <lb/>uoret: omnia con&longs;umat. </s> <s id="N405F03">Igitur &longs;purcities et quæ immi&longs;&longs;a <lb/>concipientur tellure conficiente euane&longs;cent: et minus ua<lb/>porum ad seditatem odoris exalabunt. </s> <s id="N405F0A">Sed uelim cloa<lb/>cas in quibus urina fundenda &longs;it procul abduci a parieti<lb/>bus. </s> <s id="N405F11">Ardoribus enim solis maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodum">immodum</expan> inficiuntur <lb/>atque uitiantur. </s> <s id="N405F1A">Flumina præterea et fo&longs;&longs;as aquarias quæ <pb xlink:href="004/01/133.jpg"/>præ&longs;ertim <expan abbr="fer&etilde;dis">ferendis</expan> nauigiis &longs;eruiant cum uiarum rationibus <lb/>cen&longs;endas puto / quando inter uehiculorum genera nauium <lb/><expan abbr="a&longs;eribendã">a&longs;cribendam</expan> non inficientur. </s> <s id="N405F2C">Tum et mare ip&longs;um natura &longs;ui <lb/>quid erit aliud <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> multo patens uia. </s> <s id="N405F35">Sed de his nihil <lb/>e&longs;t hoc loco quod prolixius di&longs;&longs;erui&longs;&longs;e conferat. </s> <s id="N405F3A">Quod &longs;i <lb/>quid acciderit ut hominum u&longs;ibus i&longs;ta hæc minus &longs;uppedi<lb/>tent: erit tunc ut manu et arte quæ forte offenderint uitia / <lb/>emendentur: et quæ de&longs;int commoditates parentur: quarum <lb/>rerum &longs;uo <expan abbr="tractabi&ttilde;">tractabitur</expan> loco ratio. </s> <s id="N405F49">Nunc &longs;i qua e&longs;t urbis pars <lb/>quæ cum his conueniat de quibus hic agendum e&longs;t: ea nimi <lb/>rum erit portus. </s> <s id="N405F50">Atqui portus quidem ueluti in curriculo <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e carcer uidebitur: a quo uiæ cur&longs;um ineas: aut peracta <lb/>excur&longs;ione de&longs;inas et conquie&longs;cas. </s> <s id="N405F57">Alii portum forta&longs;&longs;is na<lb/>uigii &longs;tabulum e&longs;&longs;e interpretabuntur. </s> <s id="N405F5C">E&longs;to id uti uis: et car<lb/>cer / et &longs;tabulum / et conceptaculum. </s> <s id="N405F61">Certe &longs;i portus cuiu&longs;que <lb/>proprium e&longs;t / nauim a procellarum impetu ad &longs;e recipere: <lb/>tueri profecto nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ad&longs;int latera ualida et alta. </s> <s id="N405F68">Tum <lb/>et coaptatum habeat <expan abbr="&longs;patiũ">&longs;patium</expan> oportet: ita ut illic nauigia et <lb/>grandia et onu&longs;ta excipi commode / et acquie&longs;cere tuto po&longs;<lb/>&longs;int: qua&longs; res &longs;i præ&longs;tabit ip&longs;a per &longs;e locorum oportunita&longs;: <lb/>nihil erit quod amplius de&longs;ideres / ni forte / ueluti apud athe<lb/>nas: quam tris habui&longs;&longs;e portus naturales &longs;cribit Tuchidi<lb/>des / animi dubius <expan abbr="&longs;is / qu&etilde;">&longs;is / quem</expan> nam ex pluribus tibi præcipuum <lb/>captes ubi terras quas portus po&longs;tulet pro&longs;equare. </s> <s id="N405F83">At con<lb/>&longs;tat quidem ex his quæ primo in libro diximus / regiones <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e alias quibus <expan abbr="u&etilde;ti">uenti</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> <expan abbr="po&longs;&longs;ũt">po&longs;&longs;unt</expan>: alias quibus eorum aliquid permo<lb/>le&longs;ti et pera&longs;&longs;idui <expan abbr="uigeãt">uigeant</expan>. </s> <s id="N405F9C"><expan abbr="Hũc">Hunc</expan> <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> praeferemus <expan abbr="portũ">portum</expan>: quod fau<lb/>cibus mitiores et &longs;editiores auras &longs;pirat: <expan abbr="qu&etilde;">quem</expan> ue ingredi et <lb/>egredi <expan abbr="uol&etilde;tibus">uolentibus</expan> uentis neque <expan abbr="dudũ">dudum</expan> <expan abbr="legũ">legum</expan> expectatis ualeas. <lb/></s> <s id="N405FBF"><expan abbr="O&etilde;s">Omnes</expan> inter uentos <expan abbr="placidi&longs;&longs;imũ">placidi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="boreã">boream</expan> arbitrantur: tum <lb/>et aquilone <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> mare illico <expan abbr="ce&longs;&longs;ãte">ce&longs;&longs;ante</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;to">uento</expan> quie&longs;cere au&longs;tro <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ate po&longs;t diu fluctuare <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;euerãt">a&longs;&longs;euerant</expan>. </s> <s id="N405FE1">Sed pro locorum uarietate <lb/>ad <expan abbr="nauiũ">nauium</expan> <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> quæ <expan abbr="cõmodiora">commodiora</expan> et expeditiora &longs;int <expan abbr="elig&etilde;tur">eligentur</expan>: <pb xlink:href="004/01/134.jpg"/>optatur et profunditas cum faucibus tum &longs;inu tum ripis: <lb/>quæ nauim onerariam grauem <expan abbr="cõuectis">conuectis</expan> rebus non refutet: <lb/>et fundo e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="purgato / nequic&qtilde;">purgato / nequicquam</expan> hærbo&longs;o conuenit. </s> <s id="N406006">Tamet<lb/>&longs;i complexæque radices ad ancoras <expan abbr="obfirmãdas">obfirmandas</expan>. </s> <s id="N406011">Malim ta<lb/>men huiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e portum: ut nihil in &longs;e concipiat / quod <lb/>puritatem aeris contaminet: aut naues ledat: uti &longs;unt alga <lb/>hærbæque aquis ortæ. </s> <s id="N40601A">Nam infe&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos carinis uermes ti<lb/>neas / atque lumbriculos: et putre&longs;centibus littoribus pe&longs;ti<lb/>lentes fetores excitant. </s> <s id="N406021">Portum quoque tabificum et <expan abbr="pe&longs;til&etilde;tem">pe&longs;tilen<lb/>tem</expan> reddent dulces immixtæ aquæ: pre&longs;ertim quas <expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> <lb/>a nimbis conceptas dederint: habere tamen conterminos pro<lb/>ximo&longs;que <expan abbr="fõtes">fontes</expan> ac riuos. </s> <s id="N406036">Vnde puram et naui &longs;eruabilem <lb/>de&longs;umas aquam: et uelim expeditos et directos / et certus <lb/>egre&longs;&longs;us habeat / immunes &longs;irtibus: liberos impedimentis: <lb/>tutus ab in&longs;idiis ho&longs;tium / et pyratarum: tum et <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> caput iux<lb/>ta cel&longs;os et <expan abbr="cõ&longs;picuos">con&longs;picuos</expan> uelim aliquos uertices montium im<lb/>minere in&longs;ignes / notabiles / quos nautæ procul <expan abbr="dino&longs;c&etilde;tes">dino&longs;centes</expan> <lb/>ueluti de&longs;tinatum uelificationis &longs;ignum petant. </s> <s id="N406051">Intra po<lb/>tum ducenda e&longs;t ripa et pons: quo nauis exonerandæ com<lb/>moditas &longs;it proximior. </s> <s id="N406058">Hæc opera ueteres fecere. </s> <s id="N40605B">Alii ali<lb/>ter: de quibus non e&longs;t hic edi&longs;&longs;erendi locus. </s> <s id="N406060">Nam eorum <lb/>quidem ratio ad portum emendandum molemque <expan abbr="duc&etilde;dam">ducendam</expan> <lb/>pertinet: que &longs;uo dicentur loco. </s> <s id="N40606B">Habebit et in portus <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>ambulationem / et porticum / et templum: qua egre&longs;&longs;i naui <lb/>excipiantur. </s> <s id="N406076">Non deerunt columnæ et an&longs;æ et anuli ferrei <lb/>quibus nauis illigetur. </s> <s id="N40607B">Crebri &longs;tatuentur fornices: quibus <lb/>importata condantur. </s> <s id="N406080"><expan abbr="Su&longs;citabũtur">Su&longs;citabuntur</expan> et turres pro faucibus <lb/>altæ et munitæ: ut ea ex &longs;pecula uelorum aduentus <expan abbr="præuideãt">præui<lb/>deant</expan>: et nocturnis ignibus certos nautis <expan abbr="ĩgre&longs;&longs;us">ingre&longs;&longs;us</expan> <expan abbr="mõ&longs;tr&etilde;t">mon&longs;trent</expan>: <lb/>et propugnaculis nauigia &longs;ociorum tueantur / et tran&longs;uer&longs;æ <lb/><expan abbr="adiici&etilde;tur">adiicientur</expan> catenæ / quibus ho&longs;tis excludatur / et a portu me<lb/>diamque in urbem dirigetur uia militaris: confluentque <lb/>uici non pauci: quibus undequaque in&longs;olentem <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> cla&longs;&longs;em ho<pb xlink:href="004/01/135.jpg"/>&longs;tium fiat irruptio: habebitque intror&longs;us &longs;eductos &longs;inus mi<lb/>nores: ubi debilitata nauigia <expan abbr="in&longs;taur&etilde;tur">in&longs;taurentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4060AE">Sed hoc quod ad <lb/>portum pertineat non pretermittatur. </s> <s id="N4060B3">Celebres et fuere et <lb/>&longs;unt ciuitates ea re tutiores quod fauces et pro faucibus ingre&longs;<lb/>&longs;um incertum habeant / et uix <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> oculis mobiles canalium di<lb/>uer&longs;iones in &longs;ingulas horas annatantibus cognitum. </s> <s id="N4060C0">Hæc <lb/>&longs;unt quæ de publicis uniuer&longs;orum rebus dicenda uideban<lb/>tur / ni illud addideris / quod partiri plateas <expan abbr="iubeãt">iubeant</expan>: quibu&longs; in <lb/>pace conuecta mercentur: et iuuentus exerceatur: et in bel<lb/>lo lignationes / pabulationes / et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi tolerandæ ob&longs;i<lb/>dionis remedia &longs;eruentur. </s> <s id="N4060D3">Templum uero delubra et ba&longs;i<lb/>lica et &longs;pectaculum et eiu&longs;modi magis <expan abbr="cõmunia">communia</expan> &longs;unt <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> pro<lb/>pria non multorum: &longs;ed &longs;acerdotes illi quidem: &longs;eu magi<lb/>&longs;tratus &longs;int. </s> <s id="N4060E4">De his igitur &longs;uo dicetur loco.</s> </p> <p id="N4060E7" type="head"> <s id="N4060E9">LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE SINGVLO<lb/>RVM OPERIBVS LIBER QVINTVS</s> </p> <p id="N4061A8" type="margin"> <s id="N4061AA"><margin.target id="marg5"/>o</s> </p> <p id="N4060EE" type="main"> <s id="N4060F0"><arrow.to.target n="marg5"/>PERVM Varietates <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> intra urbem tum <lb/>et in agro ad ciuium incolarumque rationes <lb/>accomodari oportere / proximo &longs;uperiore li<lb/>bro di&longs;&longs;eruimus: compertumque fecimus alia <lb/><expan abbr="ciuiũ">ciuium</expan> cetui univer&longs;o: alia dignioribus: alia <lb/>ignobilioribus deberi ædificia. </s> <s id="N40610B">Quæ autem <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum gratia conuenirent ab&longs;oluimus. </s> <s id="N406110">Singulorum <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;itati quintus hic liber <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;que">commodi&longs;que</expan> comparabitur. </s> <s id="N406119">Qua <lb/>in re et uaria et ampla et difficili explicanda quoad nobis <lb/>erit ingenii indu&longs;triæque enitemur: ut intelligas uolui&longs;&longs;e me <lb/>nihil pretemittere: quod <expan abbr="aptũ">aptum</expan> ad rem de&longs;iderare qui&longs;piam <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it: et nihil afferre quod magis ad exornandam oratio <lb/>nem <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad exequendum in&longs;titutum faceret. </s> <s id="N40612E">Ordiendum qui<lb/>dem a dignioribus. </s> <s id="N406133">Digni&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="oīum">omnium</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: quibus rerum <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> <lb/>et moderatio <expan abbr="cõmittatur">committatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406148">Hi quidem plures <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> aut unus. <pb xlink:href="004/01/136.jpg"/>Digni&longs;&longs;imum nimirum oportet e&longs;&longs;e hunc qui cæteris pre&longs;it <lb/>&longs;olus. </s> <s id="N406155">Quæ igitur i&longs;tius unius gratia fiant con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s id="N406158">Si <lb/>maximi intere&longs;t cuiu&longs;modi fore ip&longs;um hunc con&longs;tituamus <lb/>illius ne <expan abbr="&longs;imil&etilde;/qui">&longs;imilem / qui</expan> &longs;ancte pieque imperet <expan abbr="uol&etilde;tibus">uolentibus</expan>: quiue <lb/>non magis &longs;uis emolumentis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;uorum civium &longs;alute et com<lb/>modis moueatur? </s> <s id="N40616F">an contra eiu&longs;modi qui &longs;ibi paratam e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>cum &longs;ubditis uelit rem: ita ut etiam inuitis imperet. </s> <s id="N406174">Nam <lb/>cum cætera pleraque omnia edificia / tum et <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> ip&longs;am <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>eandem oportet eorum e&longs;&longs;e / quos <expan abbr="tyrãnos">tyrannos</expan> nuncupant atque <lb/>eorum qui imperium / qua&longs;i conce&longs;&longs;um magi&longs;tratum inie<lb/>rint ac tueantur. </s> <s id="N40618B">Regum enim erit urbs munita / plus &longs;atis: <lb/>ubi aduentitium arcere ho&longs;tem ualeat. </s> <s id="N406190"><expan abbr="Tyrãno">Tyranno</expan> cum &longs;ui ni<lb/>hilo &longs;egnius ho&longs;tes &longs;int <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> alieni: utrinque munienda ei ciui <lb/>tas e&longs;t / aduer&longs;us alienos / aduer&longs;u&longs;que &longs;uos: et ita munien<lb/>da: ut alienis atque <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> &longs;uis <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> &longs;uos uti &longs;ub&longs;idiis ualeat.</s> </p> <p id="N4061AF" type="main"> <s id="N4061B1">In ho&longs;tes urbem &longs;uperiore libro munitam fecimus: <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;uos">in &longs;uos</expan> <lb/>quid expediat con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s id="N4061BA">Perualidum putat Euripides <lb/>aduer&longs;arium e&longs;&longs;e multitudinem natura &longs;ui: eamque &longs;i <expan abbr="fraud&etilde;">frau<lb/>dem</expan> dolumque in <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <expan abbr="cõtulerit">contulerit</expan> reddi omnino <expan abbr="ĩexpugnabil&etilde;">inexpugnabilem</expan>.</s> </p> <p id="N4061D0" type="main"> <s id="N4061D2">Carras apud egyptum <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> populo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imam / adeo ut cum <lb/>indiem defunctorum capita &longs;i non plus mille efferantur / &longs;o<lb/>&longs;pitem et optime ualere arbitrentur. </s> <s id="N4061DD">Prudenti&longs;&longs;imi reges <lb/>crebra fo&longs;&longs;a aquaria ita diui&longs;ere: ut iam non unam / &longs;ed plu<lb/>rimas e&longs;&longs;e pu&longs;illas iunctas urbes dicas. </s> <s id="N4061E4">Id ita fecerunt credo <lb/>ut ni&longs;i <expan abbr="cõmoditas">commoditas</expan> pa&longs;&longs;im diffunderetur. </s> <s id="N4061ED">Sed ea re imprimis <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt ut graues multorum motus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="uerean&ttilde;">uereantur</expan>: et quod mo <lb/><expan abbr="uean&ttilde;">ueantur</expan> leui&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="compriman&ttilde;">comprimantur</expan>: uti &longs;i quis ex magno colo&longs;&longs;o <lb/>duas plures ue effecerit &longs;tatuas tractabiles atque portabiles.</s> </p> <p id="N406205" type="main"> <s id="N406207">Romani nullum &longs;enatorem mittebant procon&longs;ulem <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> egy<lb/>ptum: &longs;ed eque&longs;tres uiros &longs;ingulis locis di&longs;tribuebant. </s> <s id="N406210">Id <lb/>quidem ea de re in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e aiebat Arrianus: ne tam apta <lb/>ad res nouas prouincia unius imperio ageretur. </s> <s id="N406217">Et annota<lb/>runt quidem urbem nullam ciuium di&longs;&longs;idiis immunem da<lb/>ri: cuius aream natura di&longs;creuerit: uti &longs;i peruadat <expan abbr="fluent/tum">fluen<pb xlink:href="004/01/137.jpg"/>tum</expan> / aut &longs;i plures emineant colles / aut &longs;i pars colle / pars <lb/>iaceat plano muro interducto commodi&longs;&longs;ime diuidetur. <lb/></s> <s id="N406225">Ducendum puto / non quia <expan abbr="Diametrũ">Diametrum</expan> tran&longs;uer&longs;am per are<lb/>am: &longs;ed ueluti circulo circulum includas / nam ditiores qui<lb/>dem / laxioribus delectati &longs;paciis: facile priore a muro ex<lb/>cludi &longs;e patietur / macellumque / media&longs;que urbis officinas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>inuiti / circumforaneis cupidenariis relinquent: ignauiaque <lb/>illa terrentiani generationis turba / fartorum / laniorum / eo /<lb/><expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> et eiu&longs;modi: plus &longs;ecuritatis et minus &longs;u&longs;pitionis af<lb/>feret quod &longs;i ab ea primarii ciues non excluderentur illud <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;it ab re quod apud Fe&longs;tum legimus. </s> <s id="N406249">Ser. <!-- REMOVE S-->Tullium patri<lb/>cios uico iu&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e habitare: in quo &longs;i quid molirentur: ex <lb/>loco &longs;uperiore po&longs;&longs;et opprimere. </s> <s id="N406252">Murum <expan abbr="hũc">hunc</expan> interiorem <lb/>oportet ita ducere / ut nulla &longs;it urbis regio qua is quidem <lb/>non pertingat: et oportet cum ceteros urbis muros: tum <lb/>maxime hunc cra&longs;&longs;itudine omnique operis artificio / ualidi&longs; <lb/>&longs;imum attollere. </s> <s id="N406261">et &longs;ublimem: quo ad priuata cunctorum <lb/>tecta excellat / mini&longs;que et propugnaculis / atque forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;a conuenit hinc atque hinc munire: ut per eum &longs;atelli<lb/>tes utroque protecti latere tutentur. </s> <s id="N40626E">Turres in&longs;uper <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad <lb/>apertas intro&longs;um / &longs;ed circumtectas muro: et tam in &longs;uos <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <lb/>in aduentitios ho&longs;tes expo&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e locis oportet: pre&longs;er<lb/>tim quibus uiæ / aut alta templorum tecta dirigantur. </s> <s id="N40627F">In <lb/>turres uelim nullos ni&longs;i per murum ip&longs;um <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cen&longs;us">con&longs;cen&longs;us</expan> dari. <lb/></s> <s id="N406289">Et in murum ni&longs;i qua permi&longs;erit <expan abbr="prĩpces">principes</expan> aditum patere ex <lb/>arce per urbem ad uias nulli arcus / nulle u&longs;piam turres: <lb/>relinquendæ prohibendæ et menia ni proiecturæ. </s> <s id="N406294">Vnde mi&longs;<lb/>&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="decur&longs;itãtes">decur&longs;itantes</expan> per uicos milites po&longs;&longs;int &longs;ubmouere. <lb/></s> <s id="N40629E">Denique ita paranda omnis harum rerum ædificatio e&longs;t ut <lb/>edita omnia qui dominetur po&longs;&longs;ideat &longs;olus: et &longs;uis percur<lb/>rendi uniuer&longs;am per urbem facultatem remoretur nemo. <lb/></s> <s id="N4062A8">Ita que his tyrannorum urbs a regum urbe differt. </s> <s id="N4062AB">Forta&longs;<lb/>&longs;is ea etiam re differunt: quod liberis populis plana com<lb/>modiora &longs;int. </s> <s id="N4062B2">Tyrannus monte &longs;it tutior. </s> <s id="N4062B5">Cætera i&longs;torum <pb xlink:href="004/01/138.jpg"/>aedificia quæ inhabitent et regis et <expan abbr="tyrãni">tyranni</expan>: pleri&longs;que in rebus <lb/>non modo inter &longs;e uerum et una cum plebeis priuatorum ædi<lb/>ficiis conueniunt: nonnullis etiam ab his atque inter &longs;e diffe<lb/>runt / prius dicendum qui conueniant po&longs;t quid cuique &longs;it pro<lb/>prium. </s> <s id="N4062C9">Hoc genus ædium nece&longs;&longs;itatis gratia con&longs;titutum <lb/>interpretantur. </s> <s id="N4062CE">in&longs;unt tamen partes aliquæ / alioquin com<lb/>mode quas u&longs;us et con&longs;uetudo ita uiuendi efficit / ut puten<lb/>tur penitus nece&longs;&longs;ariæ uti e&longs;t porticus ambulatio / ge&longs;tatio <lb/>et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N4062D7">ea nos quando &longs;ic ædificationis ratio &longs;uadeat <lb/>non ita di&longs;tinguemus / ut <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> ab ip&longs;is nece&longs;&longs;ariis &longs;egre<lb/>gemus.</s> </p> <p id="N4062E2" type="main"> <s id="N4062E4">Sed &longs;ic ut quemadmodum <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> urbibus: ita et in ædibus i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi / alia uniuer&longs;orum e&longs;&longs;e / alia paucorum / alia &longs;ingulo<lb/>rum dicamus. </s> <s id="N4062EF">Porticum quidem et ue&longs;tibulum non &longs;eruo<lb/>rum magis uti Diorus putat <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> uniuer&longs;orum ciuium gra<lb/>tia po&longs;itum arbitramur. </s> <s id="N4062FA">Intra ædes ambulationem aream: <lb/>atrium: &longs;alam quam a &longs;altando dictam puto / quod in ea nu<lb/>ptiarum et conuiuiarum alacritas celebretur non uniuer&longs;o<lb/>rum / &longs;ed potius incolarum &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N406303">Cenacula alia liberorum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e / alia &longs;eruorum con&longs;tat / tum dormitiones matronarum <lb/>uirginum / ho&longs;pitum / &longs;ingulorum ferme &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N40630A">De uniuer&longs;a <lb/>i&longs;torum partitione quoad generatim pertinebat diximus <lb/>libro primo: in liniamentis numero enim amplitudine: et <lb/>&longs;itu pro cuiu&longs;que u&longs;u / apte expediantur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> i&longs;ta <lb/>particulatim pro&longs;equamur.</s> </p> <p id="N406319" type="main"> <s id="N40631B">Porticus et ue&longs;tibullim aditu hone&longs;tabitur. </s> <s id="N40631E">Aditus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> uia <lb/>qua pateat hone&longs;tatur / tum et operis dignitate: qua perfi<lb/>niatur interiora cenacula et cellæ et eiu&longs;modi locis di&longs;po<lb/>nentur aptis / ut immi&longs;&longs;a commode &longs;eruentur: ut bene cum <lb/>aere &longs;olibus uenti&longs;que conueniant. </s> <s id="N40632D">ut ad u&longs;us expetitos <expan abbr="accõmodentur">accom<lb/>modentur</expan> / di&longs;tinguenturque / ne quid commercia: aut ho&longs;pi<lb/>tum / aut a&longs;&longs;iduorum i&longs;tis dignitatem commoditatem uo<lb/>luptatemue minuant: illis petulantiam augeant / ac ueluti <lb/><expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> urbe forum / plateæ / ita in ædibus atrium / &longs;ala / et generis <pb xlink:href="004/01/139.jpg"/>eiu&longs;dem habebuntur: loco non reiecto / non abdito nec <expan abbr="an/gu&longs;to">an<lb/>gu&longs;to</expan>: &longs;ed prompta &longs;int ut cetera <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> eas membra expediti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>me confluant. </s> <s id="N40634B">In has quidem &longs;calarum et itionum apertio<lb/>nes: <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> has <expan abbr="cõuiuarum">conuiuarum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;alutatiões">&longs;alutationes</expan> et gratulationes <expan abbr="termiuabũt">terminabunt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N406361">Rur&longs;us <expan abbr="h&etilde;bit">habebit</expan> ædes aditus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> multiplices &longs;ed <expan abbr="unicũ">unicum</expan> quo iam <lb/>nitore in&longs;cio ingredi nemo aut a&longs;portare quippiam po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N406373">Apertiones cum <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiorum / tũ">ho&longs;tiorum / tum</expan> et fene&longs;trarum cauebimus: <lb/>ne furibus ne ue item uicinis pateant ad turbanda / &longs;pectan <lb/>da / no&longs;cendaque quæ intus aut dicantur aut gerantur. </s> <s id="N40637E">Aegy<lb/>ptii ita domos priuatas ædificant ut extrin&longs;ecus nullæ fene<lb/>&longs;trarum apertiones appareant: Optaret forta&longs;&longs;is qui&longs;piam <lb/>po&longs;ticam ade&longs;&longs;e ianuam: qua me&longs;&longs;es &longs;eu reda &longs;eu <expan abbr="ium&etilde;to">iumento</expan> in<lb/>ueherentur: ne quid <expan abbr="inquinam&etilde;tis">inquinamentis</expan> primaria ue&longs;tibula deho<lb/>ne&longs;tarentur: adderentque po&longs;ticulam &longs;ecretiorem: qua in&longs;cia <lb/>familia &longs;olus dominus admittere occultos tabellarios et in<lb/>ternuntios egredique ex arbitrio po&longs;&longs;it / prout <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <expan abbr="rerũquemodus">rerumque <lb/>modus</expan> ferat. </s> <s id="N4063A1">Ho&longs;ce non improbo / illud peruelim non de<lb/>e&longs;&longs;e abditi&longs;&longs;imas latebras / occulti&longs;&longs;imos rece&longs;&longs;us / et celata <lb/>diffugia / ip&longs;i patrifamilias uix agnita: quibus aduer&longs;is ca<lb/>&longs;ibus argentum / ue&longs;tem / &longs;eque / &longs;i id ita mala tempe&longs;tas tule<lb/>rit &longs;aluet. </s> <s id="N4063AC">Fecerant ad &longs;epulchrum dauid loculos: quibus <lb/>the&longs;auros ex regis hæreditate conderent / arte mirifica: ita <lb/>ut nullatenus po&longs;&longs;ent e&longs;&longs;e manife&longs;ti. </s> <s id="N4063B3">Ex quorum uno po&longs;t <lb/>annos. </s> <s id="N4063B8">M. CCC. </s> <s id="N4063BB">Hircanum pontificem ait lo&longs;ephus auri <lb/>talenta hau&longs;i&longs;&longs;e tria milia ut ob&longs;idione ab Antiocho libera<lb/>ret ciuitatem. </s> <s id="N4063C2">Tum et po&longs;t tempora <expan abbr="Herod&etilde;">Herodem</expan> ex altero ma<lb/>gnam quoque rapui&longs;&longs;e uim auri prædicant. </s> <s id="N4063CB">In his igitur ædes <lb/>principum cum priuatis <expan abbr="cõueniunt">conueniunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N4063D4">Inter principum et pri<lb/>uatorum ædes hoc maxime intere&longs;t / quod earum utræque &longs;uam <lb/>in primis naturam &longs;apiunt. </s> <s id="N4063DB">In hac quidem que plurimorum <lb/>&longs;unt u&longs;ibus addicate / numero et amplitudine excellere: in <lb/>altera que paucorum aut &longs;ingulorum &longs;unt / cultiora magis <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ampli&longs;&longs;ima fieri conuenit. </s> <s id="N4063E7">Tum et hoc intere&longs;t: quod in his <lb/>etiam &longs;ingulorum receptus naturam &longs;apiant principum ne <pb xlink:href="004/01/140.jpg"/>ce&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: quæ quidem plurimorum &longs;int / quando nu&longs;quam in <lb/>regum domibus non &longs;uperfluit multitudo: in alteris uero <lb/>priuatis domibus partes quæ plurimorum &longs;unt ita quoque po&longs;u<lb/>i&longs;&longs;e iuuat: ut ne plus quidem regia domus membra penitu&longs; <lb/>di&longs;tincta / uxoris: uiri: mini&longs;trorum: ita ut quæque non mo<lb/>do ad u&longs;um: uerum et ad maie&longs;tatem pertineant / ubique &longs;up<lb/>peditent: et nulla ex dome&longs;ticorum multitudine confu&longs;io <lb/>redundet. </s> <s id="N4063FE">Difficile &longs;ane id / et quod haud queas unico &longs;ub <lb/>tecto efficere. </s> <s id="N406403">Figo cuique &longs;ua et regio et area / &longs;uumque in<lb/>tegrum tecti &longs;patium et opus dabitur. </s> <s id="N406408">Sed ita iungentur te <lb/>eto et itionibus: ut &longs;eruorum dome&longs;ticorumque <expan abbr="manus / dũ">manus / dum</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;tandis operibus properant / <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ueluti ex uicina aliqua <lb/>domo acciti &longs;e&longs;e præbeant: &longs;ed præ&longs;entes præ&longs;to et prompti <lb/>&longs;int. </s> <s id="N40641B">Atqui paruuli / ancillæ graculæque cohortis &longs;trepitus a <lb/>uirorum <expan abbr="cõmertiis">commerciis</expan> &longs;ecludantur: et mini&longs;trorum omni&longs; illau<lb/>tities &longs;eparabitur. </s> <s id="N406426">Principum con&longs;e&longs;&longs;us et triclinia digni&longs; <lb/>&longs;imo &longs;tatuentur loco. </s> <s id="N40642D">Dignitatem afferet loci cel&longs;itudo / et <lb/>&longs;ub oculis <expan abbr="&longs;pectatũ">&longs;pectatum</expan> mare / colles / et ampla regio. </s> <s id="N406436">Tota uxo<lb/>ris domus omnino <expan abbr="prĩcipis">principis</expan> uiri domo &longs;ecernetur: præter <lb/>id quod <expan abbr="ultimũ">ultimum</expan> conclaue et genitalis lecti dormitione&longs; utri&longs;que <lb/>communia patebunt. </s> <s id="N406449">Ho&longs;tio et ianitore codem uno ambo <lb/>rum domus claudetur atque cu&longs;todietur. </s> <s id="N40644E">Cætera quibus eæ <lb/>ab aliis differant magis propria &longs;unt priuatorum <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> princi<lb/>pum: de ip&longs;is ergo &longs;uo dicemus loco. </s> <s id="N406459">Rur&longs;us inter &longs;e prin<lb/>cipum ædes in hoc conueniunt. </s> <s id="N40">Nam præter ea quæ <expan abbr="priua/tis">priua<lb/>tis</expan> eorum u&longs;ibus debentur habere quidem oportet <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> ex <lb/>ip&longs;a militari uia: ip&longs;oque præ&longs;ertim / fluuio aut mari: tum <lb/>pro ue&longs;tibulo laxos receptus: quibus legatorum procerumque <lb/>commeatus &longs;eu uehiculo / &longs;eu iumento uecti excipiantur. <lb/></s> <s id="N406470">Porticum et tecta non hominum &longs;olum gratia / uerum et iu<lb/>mentorum uelim ade&longs;&longs;e: quibus a &longs;ole et imbri <expan abbr="contegan&ttilde;">contegantur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N40647A">Ad ue&longs;tibulum porticus: ambulatio: ge&longs;tatio: et eiu&longs;modi <lb/>pergrata e&longs;t: ubi iuuentus &longs;eniores a principis colloquio re<lb/>deuntes expectans exerceatur &longs;altu: pila: di&longs;co: lucta. </s> <s id="N406481">Pro <pb xlink:href="004/01/141.jpg"/>penetralibus &longs;ubinde <expan abbr="atrium / ba&longs;ilicã">atrium / ba&longs;ilicam</expan> ue: ubi clientes di&longs;pu<lb/>tando patronos præ&longs;tolentur: ubi et princeps ius dicturus <lb/>ad tribunal &longs;edem &longs;tatuat. </s> <s id="N406490">Subinde concenaculum: ubi &longs;e<lb/>niores principum &longs;alutatum conueniant: et rogati &longs;ententi<lb/>am dicant. </s> <s id="N406497">Idque forta&longs;&longs;is aliud æ&longs;tiuum / aliud e&longs;&longs;e hiema<lb/>le conuenit: et omnino patrum qui conuenerint ætati fe&longs;&longs;æ <lb/>et deliciis <expan abbr="pro&longs;pici&etilde;dum">pro&longs;piciendum</expan> e&longs;t: ne quid illic ualitudini aduer<lb/>&longs;um influat. </s> <s id="N4064A4">et <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> ratio et nece&longs;&longs;itas temporum po&longs;tu<lb/>lat rebus di&longs;ceptandis &longs;tatuendi&longs;que po&longs;&longs;int &longs;ine ulla uel mi<lb/>nima <expan abbr="impeditiõe">impeditione</expan> commorari. </s> <s id="N4064B3">Comperio apud Senecam pri<lb/>mum omnium Gracchum / mox <expan abbr="Liuiũ">Liuium</expan> Dru&longs;um in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> uno loco audire omnes: &longs;ed habere turbam &longs;egregatam: <lb/>et alios in &longs;ecretis recipere: alios cum pluribus: alios cum <lb/>uniuer&longs;is: uti amicos primos et &longs;ecundos eo pacto notaret: <lb/>id &longs;i i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> fortuna aut licet aut placet: ianuæ diuer<lb/>&longs;æ fient et plures: quibus alia atque alia parte recipiant / ac <lb/>receptos mittant: et quos nolint <expan abbr="excludãt">excludant</expan> &longs;ine <expan abbr="cõtumacia">contumacia</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4064DA">Aedibus &longs;pecula &longs;uperemineat: qua e ue&longs;tigio cuiu&longs;uis mo<lb/>tus fiat certior. </s> <s id="N4064DF">Itaque <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> his et i&longs;torum &longs;imilibus <expan abbr="conueniũt">conueniunt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4064EB">In quibus uero <expan abbr="differũt">differunt</expan> hæc &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N4064F2">Nam regum <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ædes <lb/>in media urbe aditu facilis: ornatu uenu&longs;ta: lautitie <expan abbr="elegãs">elegans</expan> <lb/>magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;uperba &longs;it. </s> <s id="N406505"><expan abbr="cõdecet">condecet</expan> <expan abbr="tyrãno">tyranno</expan> non ædes magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> arx <lb/>locanda e&longs;t: ut &longs;it neque in urbe neque ex urbe. </s> <s id="N406515">Adde quod ad re<lb/>gis ædes &longs;pectaculum templum procerumque tecta pulcher<lb/>rime adiunguntur. </s> <s id="N40651C"><expan abbr="Tyrãnorum">Tyrannorum</expan> &longs;edes quaque circum&longs;patios <lb/><expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> modico &longs;egregatis omnium ædificiis &longs;e&longs;e contineat nece&longs;<lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N406529">Hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima et quæ utrumque deceat atque iuuet erit <lb/>ædificatio / &longs;i neque exponetur regia: <expan abbr="pat&etilde;s">patens</expan> adeo / ut in&longs;ole<lb/>&longs;centes nequeat depellere: neque di&longs;tinguetur arx / ita ut car<lb/>cer magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> lauti principis diuer&longs;orium uideatur. </s> <s id="N40653A">Vnum <lb/>hic nolim præterire. </s> <s id="N40653F">Nam percommodi&longs;&longs;imæ quidem <expan abbr="tyrãnis">ty<lb/>rannis</expan> &longs;unt occultæ et latentes intra cra&longs;&longs;itudinem parietis <lb/>fi&longs;tulæ au&longs;cultatoriæ: quibus furtim captent quid &longs;eu ho&longs;pi<lb/>tes / &longs;eu familiares inter &longs;e colloquantur. </s> <s id="N40654B">Sed quom regiæ <pb xlink:href="004/01/142.jpg"/>domus proprium &longs;it / omnibus pene ac maxime primariis <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <lb/>rebus aliter &longs;e atque arcem habere: officii erit arci regiam <lb/>adiungere: quo et rex &longs;ubitis ca&longs;ibus: arcem ueteres urbi<lb/>bus ponere in&longs;tituerunt: quo <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> aduer&longs;is tempe&longs;tatibus refu<lb/>gium haberent. </s> <s id="N406562">Vbi uirginum matronarumque <expan abbr="pudicitiã">pudicitiam</expan> <lb/>cum &longs;acrorum &longs;anctitate tutarentur. </s> <s id="N40656B">Meminit quidem Fe<lb/>&longs;tus arcem apud ueteres religioni &longs;acratam fui&longs;&longs;e: et appel<lb/>lari &longs;olitam augurialem: archanumque illic fieri quoddam <lb/>&longs;olitum per uirgines <expan abbr="&longs;acrificium / occultũ/longeque">&longs;acrificium / occultun / longeque</expan> a uulgi <lb/>notitia remoti&longs;&longs;imum. </s> <s id="N40657A">Ea de re pri&longs;corum arcem nullam <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e templis uacuam inuenies. </s> <s id="N40657F">Sed arcem tyranni &longs;ibi u&longs;ur<lb/>pauere: locique pietatem ac religionem ad &longs;celus immani<lb/>tatemque uerterunt: calamitati&longs;que <expan abbr="&longs;anctũ">&longs;anctum</expan> illud refugium <lb/>erumnarum fomentum reddidere. </s> <s id="N40658C">Nos rem pro&longs;equamur. <lb/></s> <s id="N406590">Amoniis arx ad <expan abbr="templũ">templum</expan> muro circuibatur triplici. </s> <s id="N406597">Prima <lb/>extabat munitio tyrannorum. </s> <s id="N40659C">Proxima coniuges cum li<lb/>beris. </s> <s id="N4065A1">Vltima &longs;atellitum crat &longs;edes. </s> <s id="N4065A4">Aptum opus ni magi&longs; <lb/>&longs;pectet qui toleret <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> qui inferat uim. </s> <s id="N4065AD">Ac mihi quidem uti <lb/>eius militis fortitudo non probatur quidem: &longs;i nihilo plus <lb/><expan abbr="præ&longs;tet/&qtilde;">præ&longs;tet / quae</expan> ut in&longs;ultantem ho&longs;tem obdurate perferat: &longs;ic et <lb/>ab arce expectandum puto / ut non modo &longs;u&longs;tinere lace&longs;&longs;en<lb/>tem: uerum et compe&longs;cere impetentes ualeat. </s> <s id="N4065BB">Vtrunque ta<lb/>men ita curandum / ut <expan abbr="uehem&etilde;ter">uehementer</expan> ip&longs;um ad &longs;olum quæ&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <lb/>uideare. </s> <s id="N4065C6">Hæc ut a&longs;&longs;equamur / loci &longs;itus et murorum ratio <lb/>præ&longs;tabit. </s> <s id="N4065CB">Dubitare uideo peritos rei militaris arcem ne <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imã">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> uelit / colle an plano collocet. </s> <s id="N4065D4">Collinas qui<lb/>dem non dari ubi uis eiu&longs;modi / ut ob&longs;edi&longs;&longs;e et dirui&longs;&longs;e ne<lb/>queas: neque plana &longs;i recte a&longs;truantur / impune attentari ar<lb/>mis. </s> <s id="N4065DD">De his non di&longs;puto. </s> <s id="N4065E0">Tota nempe res locorum e&longs;t opor<lb/>tunitatibus commendanda / ita ut que de urbe diximus <expan abbr="oĩa">omnia</expan> <lb/>ad ponendam <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> con&longs;umentur. </s> <s id="N4065EF">Omnino habeat arx opor<lb/>tet expeditas irruptiones: unde in <expan abbr="ho&longs;tes/ĩ">ho&longs;tes / in</expan> ciues / in &longs;uo&longs;que <lb/>ca&longs;tren&longs;es: &longs;iqua &longs;editio aut perfidia id exigat et &longs;ua et <expan abbr="ex/terna">ex<lb/>terna</expan> po&longs;&longs;it auxilia libere petere atque immittere tellure <pb xlink:href="004/01/143.jpg"/>fluento / lacu / mari. </s> <s id="N406600">Percommoda erit areis de&longs;criptio quæ <lb/>&longs;ibi iunget omnes urbis muros qua&longs;i. </s> <s id="N406605">o. </s> <s id="N406608">littera ingentes. <lb/></s> <s id="N40660C">C. inflexis cornibus præhendant non circumcludant. <lb/></s> <s id="N406610">&longs;ic / aut a qua plures radii ueluti ad circumferentiam exe<lb/>ant: &longs;ic enim quod oportere nuper dicebamus: neque intra <lb/>urbem erit arx: neque adeo extra urbem. </s> <s id="N406617">Quod &longs;i quis <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> <lb/>uolet breui&longs;&longs;ime de&longs;cribere forta&longs;&longs;is non errabit / &longs;i eam di<lb/>xerit / po&longs;ticam e&longs;&longs;e urbis omni ex parte egregie muniti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mam. </s> <s id="N406625">Sed &longs;it ea quidem uti uolunt operum &longs;upremus uer<lb/>tex et urbis nodus: minax: a&longs;pera: rigidaque &longs;it oportet, per<lb/>uicax: inuicta: pu&longs;illa <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ampla erit tutior. </s> <s id="N406630">Nam hic pauco<lb/>rum fide: illic multorum officio indigebimus. </s> <s id="N406635">Et quid il<lb/>le apud Euripidem: <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> fuit multitudo non referta ma<lb/>lis ingeniis: ita i&longs;tic in paucis fides minus incerta erit <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in <lb/>multis perfida. </s> <s id="N406646">Arcis podium ponetur &longs;olidum / ua&longs;tis lapi<lb/>dibus / linea extrin&longs;ecus obliqua: quo &longs;calæ admotæ curua<lb/>tu debilitentur: et qui applicuerit ho&longs;tis hærendo ad murum <lb/>dimi&longs;&longs;os lapides non euitet: et tormentis immi&longs;&longs;a non usque <lb/>arietent: &longs;ed ex obliquo di&longs;&longs;iliant. </s> <s id="N406653">Area intror&longs;us pa&longs;&longs;im la<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imis et cra&longs;&longs;is lapidibus duplici atque etiam triplici fo<lb/>lio dimi&longs;&longs;is in&longs;ternetur ne quid cuniculis furtim <expan abbr="ob&longs;id&etilde;tes">ob&longs;identes</expan> <lb/>irreptent: Murus alti&longs;&longs;imus &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imus cra&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;imu&longs;que ad <lb/>&longs;upremas u&longs;que coronas attollatur: qui pulcherrime ma<lb/>chinarum uim et mi&longs;&longs;ilia refutet: et &longs;calis aut etiam aggere <lb/>quoad in nos &longs;it minime queat æquari. </s> <s id="N406666">Cætera uti de <expan abbr="urbiũ">urbium</expan> <lb/>muris diximus perficientur. </s> <s id="N40666F">Præcipua quidem ad tuendo&longs; <lb/>urbis et arcis muros <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> hoc erit ratio: ut cures penitus ne ho<lb/>&longs;tis impune propius po&longs;&longs;it appellere. </s> <s id="N40667A">Id fiet cum fo&longs;&longs;a qua <lb/>diximus profundaque lataque: tum et furtariis ut ita loquar <lb/>&longs;ub fi&longs;&longs;uris per ip&longs;um imum podii di&longs;po&longs;itis. </s> <s id="N406681">Vnde ho&longs;tis <lb/>dum &longs;e &longs;cuto &longs;uperne proteget / qua &longs;it parte <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tectus <expan abbr="trã&longs;">tran&longs;</expan><lb/>ueheretur. </s> <s id="N406690">Hoc enim genus defen&longs;ionis omnibus ante e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s id="N406696">Tutius enim i&longs;tic <expan abbr="occa&longs;ion&etilde;">occa&longs;ionem</expan> conficiendi ho&longs;tis captant / bre<lb/>uiore finiunt linea / raro petunt ho&longs;tem fru&longs;tra: cui <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> cor<pb xlink:href="004/01/144.jpg"/>pus operire difficile e&longs;t: unumque obuium ho&longs;tem &longs;i præte<lb/>rit <expan abbr="tælũ">tælum</expan>: petet proximum / aut interdum <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> et item alterum <lb/>et alterum: Superne <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> immi&longs;&longs;a non &longs;ine periculo de&longs;tinan<lb/>tur. </s> <s id="N4066BB">Vix unum tantum <expan abbr="petũt">petunt</expan>: qui et præuidi&longs;&longs;e et leui mo<lb/>mento declina&longs;&longs;e / et breui &longs;cuto refuta&longs;&longs;e immi&longs;&longs;a queat. <lb/></s> <s id="N4066C5">Si erit arx maritima circum uada <expan abbr="impedi&etilde;tur">impedientur</expan> palis / &longs;axis / <lb/>ne nouum machinamenta propius po&longs;&longs;int appellere. </s> <s id="N4066CE">Si erit <lb/>plano: fo&longs;&longs;a aquaria circumdabitur: &longs;ed ea ne quid putidi <lb/>aeris afferat u&longs;que fodietur / quo &longs;caturiat uiuam aquam. </s> <s id="N4066D5">Si <lb/>erit monte / præcipitiis uallabitur: ubi licebit hi&longs;ce omni<lb/>bus utemur. </s> <s id="N4066DC">Quibus uero ex locis tormentorum mi&longs;&longs;ilia po&longs;<lb/>&longs;int impetere: cycli aut potius anguli murorum ueluti pro<lb/>ræ in acutum obiicientur. </s> <s id="N4066E3">Non me fugit quod periti aliqui mi<lb/>litia a&longs;&longs;erunt: contra mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetum muros præaltos <lb/>fore non utiles. </s> <s id="N4066EA"><expan abbr="Horũ">Horum</expan> enim ruina equatis fo&longs;&longs;is expediti&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mum præberi ho&longs;tibus irruentibus <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan>. </s> <s id="N4066F6">Hoc non eueniet <lb/>&longs;i quæ &longs;upra diximus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruabũtur">ob&longs;eruabuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4066FF">Redeo ad rem. </s> <s id="N406702">Ad ar<lb/>cem turris una primaria excitabitur / multa &longs;ui parte &longs;oli<lb/>da: toto opere robu&longs;ta: undique munita: cæteris cel&longs;ior: ar<lb/>ce&longs;&longs;u ardua: ingre&longs;&longs;u non ni&longs;i ponte mobili. </s> <s id="N40670B">Mobilium <expan abbr="põtium">pon<lb/>tium</expan> duo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> genera. </s> <s id="N406718">Alterum quo inuer&longs;o clauditur egre&longs;<lb/>&longs;us. </s> <s id="N40671D">Alterum quo porrecto atque retracto utimur: ubi acres <expan abbr="las&longs;ciuiũt">la<lb/>s&longs;ciuiunt</expan> uenti. </s> <s id="N406722">Po&longs;terior <expan abbr="cõmodior">commodior</expan> e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N406729">Turres quæ <expan abbr="circũpe">circumpe<lb/>tere</expan> hanc mi&longs;&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="po&longs;&longs;ũt">po&longs;&longs;unt</expan> parte huic uer&longs;a nudæ habebun<lb/>tur: aut muro tectæ relinquentur gracili. </s> <s id="N406738">Excubiarum &longs;ta<lb/>tiones et propugnatorum fori <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;tur">di&longs;tribuentur</expan>: ut alii in&longs;imas <lb/>arcis pártes: alii &longs;upremas: alii alias <expan abbr="di&longs;tĩctis">di&longs;tinctis</expan> muneribus &longs;edi<lb/>bu&longs;que curent: demum aditus et egre&longs;&longs;us et omnis partitio <lb/>&longs;ic habebitur et parata et munita: ut neque amicorum perfi<lb/>dia / neque inimicorum uis frau&longs; ue po&longs;&longs;it ledere. </s> <s id="N40674D">Areis te<lb/>cta ne tormentorum ponderibus <expan abbr="obruãtur / ad">obruantur / ad</expan> acutum angu<lb/>lum <expan abbr="fini&etilde;tur">finientur</expan> aut ualido opere et &longs;pi&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis trabibus obfir<lb/>mabuntur: po&longs;t imponetur cru&longs;ta / et in eam præterea tubu<lb/>li: per quorum uacua exceptus imber perfluat / nullo calcis <pb xlink:href="004/01/145.jpg"/>aut limi fultu illiti <expan abbr="in&longs;ternen&ttilde;">in&longs;ternentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406768">Po&longs;tremo te&longs;taceis <expan abbr="fragm&etilde;tis">fragmen<lb/>tis</expan> uel potius pumice &longs;uperin&longs;par&longs;is <expan abbr="operi&etilde;tur">operientur</expan> binum ad cu<lb/>bitum cra&longs;&longs;itudine. </s> <s id="N406777">Sic neque <expan abbr="ruentiũ">ruentium</expan> ponderum in &longs;e / neque <lb/>ignium iniuriam uerebuntur. </s> <s id="N406780">Summatim quidem erit arx <lb/>perficienda: uti &longs;i pu&longs;illam quandam urbem coædifices: pa<lb/>ri igitur atque urbs ip&longs;a munietur opere et arte: cæteraque co<lb/>aptabuntur quæ u&longs;ui &longs;int. </s> <s id="N406789"><expan abbr="Nõ">non</expan> deerit aqua &longs;uppeditabit ubi <lb/>militem arma / frumenta / pernam / acetum / et <expan abbr="ĩprimis">imprimis</expan> li<lb/>gna colloces / atque a&longs;&longs;erues: et <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> arce ip&longs;a turris i&longs;tæc prima<lb/>ria quam dicimus / ueluti minutior quædam aderit arx: cui <lb/>pror&longs;us de&longs;it nihil eorum quæ arcibus de&longs;iderentur. </s> <s id="N40679F">Habebit <lb/>ci&longs;ternam / et loculos rerum quibus &longs;e&longs;e abunde alat et <expan abbr="tuea&ttilde;">tueatur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N4067A9">Habebit aditus: unde in &longs;uos etiam inuitos irrumpat: et un<lb/>de petita &longs;ub&longs;idia immittat. </s> <s id="N4067AE">Illud hic non prætereo cunicu<lb/>lis aquariis arces interdum defen&longs;as: interdum urbes cloa<lb/>cis captas fui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N4067B5">Horum utrumque iuuat nuntiis <expan abbr="emitt&etilde;dis">emittendis</expan>. </s> <s id="N4067BC">At <lb/>cura&longs;&longs;e oportet / ut i&longs;tiu&longs;modi res multo minus ledere po&longs;<lb/>&longs;int <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> iuuare. </s> <s id="N4067C7">Fient igitur apti&longs;&longs;imi: ducentur tortuo&longs;i: ex<lb/>cipientur profundo: ut neque armatus peruadere: neque iner<lb/>mis in arcem euadere / ni&longs;i uocatus admi&longs;&longs;u&longs;que &longs;it potis. </s> <s id="N4067CE">Fi<lb/>nient belli&longs;&longs;ime cloaca / aut potius de&longs;erta et ignota in are<lb/>naria / aut &longs;ecretis templorum fani&longs;cis ac bu&longs;tuariis. </s> <s id="N4067D5">Tum &longs;i <lb/>humanos ca&longs;us nequicquam neglexi&longs;&longs;e oportet nimirum iu<lb/>uabit notos &longs;ibi habere ingre&longs;&longs;us intimam in arcem quibus <lb/>&longs;i <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> euenit ut excludatur / po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="att&etilde;perare">attemperare</expan> irrumpere <lb/>cum armatis: et forta&longs;&longs;is conferet ad hanc rem / partem <expan abbr="ha/bere">ha<lb/>here</expan> aliquam murorum abditi&longs;&longs;imam: quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ex calce &longs;ed <lb/>creta ob&longs;tructa &longs;it. </s> <s id="N4067F0">Vnius tantum gratia qui cæteris præ&longs;it <lb/>&longs;eu &longs;it ille quidem rex &longs;eu <expan abbr="tyrãnus">tyrannus</expan> quid feci&longs;&longs;e oporteat di<lb/>ximus. </s> <s id="N4067FB">Sequitur ut ea tran&longs;igamus / quæ hi <expan abbr="requirãt / quod">requirant / quod</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>unici tantum pre&longs;unt: &longs;ed &longs;imul plures <expan abbr="gubern&etilde;t">gubernent</expan> rem. </s> <s id="N40680C">His <lb/>aut tota. r. p. qua&longs;i unus magi&longs;tratus integra <expan abbr="cõmittetur">committetur </expan><lb/>aut partibus di&longs;tribuetur. </s> <s id="N406820">Con&longs;tat. <!-- KEEP S-->r. p. &longs;acris quibus &longs;upe<lb/>ros colimus / his <expan abbr="põtifices">pontifices</expan> pre&longs;unt: et prophanis quibus ho<pb xlink:href="004/01/146.jpg"/>minum &longs;ocietas et &longs;alus contineatur. </s> <s id="N406837">His domi &longs;enator iu<lb/>dex: foris <expan abbr="ca&longs;trorũ">ca&longs;trorum</expan> dux et cla&longs;&longs;is præfectus et huiu&longs;modi. <lb/></s> <s id="N406841">Cui uis i&longs;torum duo <expan abbr="deb&etilde;tur">debentur</expan> genera domicilii: alterum quod <lb/>ad &longs;uum pertineat officium: alterum quo &longs;e familiamque <lb/>&longs;uam recipiat. </s> <s id="N40684C">Larem quidem familiarem habebit qui&longs;que <lb/>&longs;imilem huic: cui &longs;e&longs;e pro uitæ in&longs;tituto e&longs;&longs;e uelit &longs;imilem <lb/>aut regi aut <expan abbr="tyrãno">tyranno</expan> aut demum priuato. </s> <s id="N406857">Sunt tamen aliqua <lb/>quæ huic <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> generi apprime <expan abbr="debeãtur">debeantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406864">Præclare Vir<lb/>gilius. </s> <s id="N406869">Secreta inquit erat patris anchi&longs;æ domus: arbori<lb/>bu&longs;que obtecta rece&longs;&longs;erat. </s> <s id="N40686E">Intellexit quidem <expan abbr="primatũ">primatum</expan> ædes <lb/>et &longs;ua et familiæ gratia a uulgi ignobilitate et fabrorum tu<lb/>multu <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> abe&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõuenire">conuenire</expan>. </s> <s id="N406881"><expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteras ob res ob delitias <expan abbr="cõmoditate&longs;que">com<lb/>moditate&longs;que</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;patiorũ/hortorum / amenitatũ">&longs;patiorum / hortorum / amenitatum</expan>: tum ne tan<lb/>ta in familia / tam multiplici / tam uaria / la&longs;ciuiens iuuen<lb/>tu&longs; <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> omnium ferme nemo uiuat &longs;ibi et cibo: potuque alie <lb/>no plerunque in&longs;aniat: maritorum querimonias <expan abbr="excitet / tũ">excitet / tum</expan> <lb/>etiam ne quid improba <expan abbr="&longs;alutãtium">&longs;alutantium</expan> ambitio plus &longs;atis patro <lb/>nos inquietet. </s> <s id="N4068A7">Et prudenti&longs;&longs;imos uideo principes non mo<lb/>do extra uulgi frequentiam / uerum et ab urbe &longs;ece&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: ne <lb/>quis plebeius ni&longs;i magna impul&longs;us re mole&longs;tiore a&longs;&longs;iduita<lb/>te infe&longs;tet. </s> <s id="N4068B0">Aut quid tanti erunt i&longs;torum opes: &longs;i non licue<lb/>rit interdum ociari et pigre&longs;cere. </s> <s id="N4068B5">I&longs;torum quidem domus <lb/><expan abbr="quale&longs;cũque">quale&longs;cunque</expan> &longs;int habere admodum oportet &longs;alutatorum <expan abbr="cõceptacula">con<lb/>ceptacula</expan> capacia: et egre&longs;&longs;um et uiam / qua prodeat <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <expan abbr="forũ">forum</expan> <lb/>minime angu&longs;tam: ne qui &longs;ectantur familiares clientuli et <lb/>cohortales / et qui &longs;e congerunt / ut togatulorum numerum <lb/>augeant / inter &longs;tudia comitandi pre&longs;&longs;uris turbentur. </s> <s id="N4068D1">Quæ <lb/>autem &longs;int &longs;e&longs;e hi proceres pro &longs;u&longs;cepto munere <expan abbr="exerceãt">exerceant</expan>: <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="prõptu">promptu</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> &longs;enatus curia iudex ba&longs;ilica prætorio ue / dux ca<lb/>&longs;tris cla&longs;&longs;eque et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;mõi">eiu&longs;modi</expan>. </s> <s id="N4068ED">Quid <expan abbr="põtifex">pontifex</expan>? </s> <s id="N4068F4">huic <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">quoddem</expan> non <expan abbr="t&etilde;plũ">templum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;olũ/uerũ">&longs;olum / uerum</expan> et quæ illi <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <expan abbr="ca&longs;trorũ">ca&longs;trorum</expan> in&longs;tar apprime <expan abbr="cõueniũt">conueniunt</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> <expan abbr="militiã">militiam</expan> et <expan abbr="põtifex / et">pontifex / et</expan> qui &longs;ub <expan abbr="põtifice">pontifice</expan> &longs;acris <expan abbr="admini&longs;trãdis">admini<lb/>&longs;trandis</expan> additi <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> et <expan abbr="laborio&longs;ã">laborio&longs;am</expan> <expan abbr="agũt">agunt</expan>: <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> eo libro quod <lb/><expan abbr="põtifex">pontifex</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;eribi&ttilde;">in&longs;cribitur</expan> <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan>: uirtutis aduer&longs;us uitia. </s> <s id="N40694B"><expan abbr="T&etilde;plũ">Templum</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/147.jpg"/>aliud <expan abbr="maximũ">maximum</expan>: quo <expan abbr="&longs;ũmus">&longs;ummus</expan> <expan abbr="ãti&longs;tes">anti&longs;tes</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ol&etilde;ni">&longs;olemni</expan> ritu &longs;tatas cerimo<lb/>nias et factum faciat. </s> <s id="N406967">Aliud cui minores <expan abbr="põtifices">pontifices</expan> præ&longs;int: <lb/>quo <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> numero per <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <expan abbr="regiões">regiones</expan> &longs;acella / et <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> agro delubra <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N406985"><expan abbr="Templũ">Templum</expan> <expan abbr="maximũ">maximum</expan> media in urbe forta&longs;&longs;is commodius: &longs;edu<lb/>ctum <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> a conferta ciuium multitudine et <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;tia">frequentia</expan> hone<lb/>&longs;tius: colle dignius: plano &longs;tabilius collocabitur ob terre <lb/>motus. </s> <s id="N40699D"><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> eo ponendum erit loco <expan abbr="templũ">templum</expan>: quo &longs;it <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> <lb/>futurum <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ueneratione et maie&longs;tate. </s> <s id="N4069B1">Inde adeo <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> longe a <lb/>con&longs;pectu <expan abbr="abig&etilde;dæ">abigendæ</expan> &longs;unt penitus rerum <expan abbr="oĩum">omnium</expan> &longs;ordes / <expan abbr="impuritates/ĩdec&etilde;tia">impurita<lb/>tes / indecentia</expan> que: quibus patres / matronæ / uirgines &longs;upplica <lb/><expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> accedentes aut <expan abbr="offendãtur">offendantur</expan>: aut a &longs;anctimoniæ <expan abbr="obeũdæ">obeundæ</expan> in<lb/>&longs;tituto preuertantur. </s> <s id="N4069D6">Apud <expan abbr="Nigrigeneũ">Nigrigeneum</expan> <expan abbr="architectũ">architectum</expan> quod de li<lb/>mitibus &longs;crip&longs;it / &longs;ic <expan abbr="ĩuenio">inuenio</expan>: pri&longs;cos architectos puta&longs;&longs;e deo<lb/>rum tecta recte haberi quæ <expan abbr="frõtibus">frontibus</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> occidentem <expan abbr="uerger&etilde;t">uergerent</expan>: <lb/>&longs;ed placui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;terioribus <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">omnem</expan> <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> <expan abbr="religion&etilde;">religionem</expan> <expan abbr="cõuertere">conuertere</expan>: et <lb/>qua coeli parte <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> terra <expan abbr="illumine&ttilde;">illuminetur</expan>: eo uer&longs;us templa et li<lb/>mites <expan abbr="obiici&etilde;dos">obiiciendos</expan> puta&longs;&longs;e: ut &longs;tatim <expan abbr="&longs;urgent&etilde;">&longs;urgentem</expan> ex aurora <expan abbr="&longs;ol&etilde;">&longs;olem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;picar&etilde;&ttilde;">con&longs;picarentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406A24">Illud <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> in delubris &longs;acelli&longs;que ueteres proba&longs;<lb/>&longs;e uideo: ut eorum <expan abbr="frõtes">frontes</expan> <expan abbr="prodeũtibus">prodeuntibus</expan> aut ex mari / aut ex flu<lb/>uio / aut ex uia militari <expan abbr="porrigan&ttilde;">porrigantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406A3B">Po&longs;tremo tale <expan abbr="ip&longs;ũ">ip&longs;um</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: atque ita <expan abbr="omĩ">omni</expan> ex parte <expan abbr="cõparatũ">comparatum</expan>: ut <expan abbr="ab&longs;&etilde;tes">ab&longs;entes</expan> ad &longs;e <expan abbr="ui&longs;&etilde;dum">ui&longs;en<lb/>dum</expan> illectet / præ&longs;entes delectet / atque detineat operis admi<lb/>ratione et raritate. </s> <s id="N406A58"><expan abbr="Te&longs;tudinatũ">Te&longs;tudinatum</expan> ab incendio erit tutius: <expan abbr="cõtignatum">con<lb/>tignatum</expan> ab terre motibus ille&longs;ius. </s> <s id="N406A64">&longs;ed contra <expan abbr="uetu&longs;tat&etilde;">uetu&longs;tatem</expan> hoc <lb/>robu&longs;tius: ad <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan> <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> hoc uenu&longs;tius. </s> <s id="N406A75">De <expan abbr="t&etilde;plis">templis</expan> hac <expan abbr="te/nus">te<lb/>nus</expan>. </s> <s id="N406A7E"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> permulta quæ <expan abbr="dic&etilde;da">dicenda</expan> <expan abbr="uidebãtur">uidebantur</expan> ad <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;ta">ornamenta</expan> magis <lb/>quae ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="templorũ">templorum</expan> <expan abbr="ptin&etilde;t">pertinent</expan>: de quibus alibi <expan abbr="trã&longs;igemus">tran&longs;igemus</expan>. </s> <s id="N406AA2">Mi<lb/>nora <expan abbr="t&etilde;pla">templa</expan> et &longs;acella pro loci dignitate et u&longs;u maximi <expan abbr="t&etilde;pli">templi</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="rõnes">rationes</expan> <expan abbr="imitabun&ttilde;">imitabuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406AB8"><expan abbr="Põtificis">Pontificis</expan> ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">quaedem</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> clau&longs;tra quibus aut <lb/>pietatis aut uirtutis gratia plurimi conuenere: quales &longs;unt <lb/>quae &longs;e &longs;acris addixere: et quae <expan abbr="uirginitat&etilde;">uirginitatem</expan> &longs;uperis uouere. </s> <s id="N406ACE">Sunt et <lb/>ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="põtificia">pontificia</expan>: quibus &longs;tudio&longs;orum ingenia <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> rerum <expan abbr="humanarũ">humanarum</expan> <lb/>diuinarum que cognitione <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;equ&etilde;da">a&longs;&longs;equenda</expan> <expan abbr="uer&longs;ãtur">uer&longs;antur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406AE9"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> &longs;i pontificis <lb/><expan abbr="officiũ">officium</expan> e&longs;t cetus <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ad <expan abbr="uitã">uitam</expan> <expan abbr="oĩ">omni</expan> ex parte <expan abbr="pfectã">perfectam</expan>: quoad in <pb xlink:href="004/01/148.jpg"/>&longs;e &longs;it perducere. </s> <s id="N406B08">Id <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> re alia fiet pulchrius <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> philo&longs;ophia. <lb/></s> <s id="N406B14">Quom enim <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> hominum natura duo &longs;int / quæ nobis id præ <lb/>&longs;tare po&longs;&longs;int: uirtus. &longs;. et ueritas: <expan abbr="Quãdo">Quando</expan> fiet <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ut hæc <lb/>perturbationes animi &longs;edet atque excludat. </s> <s id="N406B2D">Illa uero naturæ <lb/>opus atque rationes explicet: nobi&longs;que communicet: ex quibus <lb/>rebus ingenium ab ignorantia: mens a corporis contagione <lb/>purgetur. </s> <s id="N406B36">Per hanc nimirum inimus uitam <expan abbr="beati&longs;&longs;imã">beati&longs;&longs;imam</expan> pro<lb/>pe ut &longs;imus diis redditi per&longs;imiles. </s> <s id="N406B3F">Adde quod bonorum e&longs;t <lb/>quales et e&longs;&longs;e et haberi pontifices uolunt / ea meditari: <expan abbr="&longs;tu/dere">&longs;tu<lb/>dere</expan>: pro&longs;equi quæ hominum generi ab homine deberi intel<lb/>ligant: egrotos / imbelles / de&longs;titutos: et eiu&longs;modi officio / <lb/>beneficio / mi&longs;ericordia / leuando: iuuando. </s> <s id="N406B4A">In his enim &longs;e&longs;e <lb/>&longs;uo&longs;que exerceat pontifex officii e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N406B4F">De his nobis &longs;eu ad ma<lb/>iores pontifices &longs;eu potius ad minores pertineat dicendum <lb/>uidetur. </s> <s id="N406B57">Atqui a clau&longs;tris <expan abbr="ĩcipiemus">incipiemus</expan>. </s> <s id="N406B5E">Clau&longs;trorum genera <lb/>alia conclu&longs;orum / ita ut nu&longs;quam <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <expan abbr="publicũ">publicum</expan> prodeant / <expan abbr="præter&quml;">præ<lb/>terquam</expan> forta&longs;&longs;is in templo / et lu&longs;trationum pompa. </s> <s id="N406B70">Alia non <lb/>u&longs;que conclu&longs;a / ita ut perpetuis <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> arceantur. </s> <s id="N406B79">Horum <lb/>item alio mares / alio feminæ continentur. </s> <s id="N406B7E">Virginum clau<lb/>&longs;tra neque intra urbem &longs;i po&longs;ita &longs;int uitupero: neque omnino <lb/>extra urbem laudo. </s> <s id="N406B85">Illic &longs;ane &longs;olitudo minus præbebit <expan abbr="ĩfe&longs;tatorum">infe<lb/>&longs;tatorum</expan>: &longs;ed qui &longs;e inge&longs;&longs;erint / plus habebunt ocii et <expan abbr="lic&etilde;tiæ">licen<lb/>tiæ</expan> ad facinus / ubi nulli a&longs;&longs;i&longs;taret arbitri <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> hic <expan abbr="ĩter">inter</expan> multos <lb/>&longs;celeris &longs;pectatores atque dehortatores. </s> <s id="N406B9E">In utri&longs;que <expan abbr="prouid&etilde;dũ">prouidendum</expan> <lb/>quidem e&longs;t: ne uelint de ca&longs;titate mereri male: &longs;ed <expan abbr="ĩ">imprimis</expan> <lb/>ne po&longs;&longs;int. </s> <s id="N406BAD">Qua de re ita præcludendi aditus omnes <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: ut <lb/>nemini pateant: ob&longs;eruandi / ut <expan abbr="circũuolitare">circumuolitare</expan> <expan abbr="att&etilde;tator">attentator</expan> po&longs;<lb/>&longs;it nemo &longs;ine præ&longs;entis ignominiæ &longs;u&longs;pitione. </s> <s id="N406BC0">Neque tam <lb/>munita e&longs;&longs;e legionum ca&longs;tra uallo fo&longs;&longs;aque oportet <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> i&longs;tarum <lb/>&longs;epta &longs;unt muris obuallanda / altis / integris / nullis u&longs;piam <lb/><expan abbr="a&ptilde;tionibus">apertionibus</expan> relictis: quibus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> dico ca&longs;timoniæ expugnatore&longs; <lb/>&longs;ed ne oculorum aut uerborum <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> faces et ueneres ad <expan abbr="aĩos">animos</expan> <expan abbr="labefactãdos">la<lb/>befactandos</expan> po&longs;&longs;int <expan abbr="ĩmitti">immitti</expan>. </s> <s id="N406BE6">Lumina intror&longs;us per <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> &longs;ubdiua<lb/><expan abbr="l&etilde;">lem</expan> <expan abbr="excipi&etilde;t">excipient</expan>. </s> <s id="N406BF6"><expan abbr="Circũ">Circum</expan> <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> <expan abbr="porticus/ãbulatio">porticus / ambulatio</expan> <expan abbr="cellæ/cenaculũ/">cellæ / cenaculum /</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/149.jpg"/>conclaue / et quæ u&longs;ui <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> ex priuatorum ædium rationibu&longs; <lb/>aptis locis di&longs;ponentur. </s> <s id="N406C12">Neque dee&longs;&longs;e uelim ortuli &longs;patia / <lb/>et pratuli: que ad recreandos animos magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ad fouendas <lb/>uoluptates ualeant: quæ quom ita &longs;int / <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="incõ&longs;ulte">incon&longs;ulte</expan> ex me<lb/>dia incolarum frequentia &longs;um mouebuntur. </s> <s id="N406C27">Vtrorum &longs;ep<lb/>ta &longs;i ex urbe conce&longs;&longs;erint conferet id quidem. </s> <s id="N406C2C">Nam eorum <lb/>ad&longs;cripta &longs;anctimoniæ a&longs;&longs;iduitas /et animi pacata religio: <lb/>cui &longs;e&longs;e totos dedicarunt / minus uexabitur &longs;alutatorum <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;tia">fre<lb/>quentia</expan>. </s> <s id="N406C38">Sed i&longs;torum tecta &longs;eu mares &longs;eu feminæ &longs;int uelim <lb/>occupent loca <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> id fieri po&longs;&longs;it &longs;aluberrima / nec clau&longs;tro in<lb/>clu&longs;i / dum &longs;olum uacant animo: corpore autem multa ma<lb/>credine / et uigiliis affecti <expan abbr="torp&etilde;t">torpent</expan>: <expan abbr="uitã">uitam</expan> durius trahant egro<lb/>tationibus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;it par. </s> <s id="N406C53">His <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> quos urbs exclu&longs;it <expan abbr="ĩ">imprimis</expan> <lb/>locum dari uelim natura munitum: quem repentina latro<lb/>num uis / aut excurrens ho&longs;tis leui manu ad arbitrium ne<lb/>queat populari: eaque de re uallo / muro / turrique pulchre <lb/>munietur: quod loci religio patietur. </s> <s id="N406C66">Eorum uero conclu<lb/>&longs;orum &longs;edes qui &longs;tudia bonarum artium cum religione <expan abbr="cõiunxerĩt / quo">con<lb/>iunxerint / quo</expan> illi quidem pro &longs;u&longs;cepto officio commodius <lb/>queant hominum rebus con&longs;ulere / non omnino medios in<lb/>ter artificum tumultus ac &longs;trepitum / &longs;ed'ne <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ab ciuium <lb/>frequentia &longs;eductos longe e&longs;&longs;e oportet: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cum alias <lb/>ob res tum quod &longs;unt eorum familiæ grandes: tum etiam quod mul<lb/>ti ad &longs;e concionantes di&longs;&longs;erente&longs;que de rebus &longs;acris conflu<lb/>ant: Quibus rebus proculdubio tecto indigent immodico. <lb/></s> <s id="N406C89">Recte <expan abbr="locabũtur">locabuntur</expan> apud diuer&longs;oria publicorum operum thea<lb/>tri / circi / plateæ / quo multitudo &longs;ponte &longs;ua &longs;e&longs;e animi gra<lb/>tia per lubenter <expan abbr="cõferens">conferens</expan> facilius patiatur i&longs;torum per&longs;ua&longs;io<lb/>ne / hortatione / admonitione a uitiis ad uirtutem: ab impe<lb/>ritia ad rerum optimarum cognitionem euocari. </s> <s id="N406C9E">Apud <lb/>ueteres pre&longs;ertim græcos a&longs;&longs;ueuere urbe in media ponere <lb/>ædificia: quas pale&longs;tras appellarunt: ubi populantes di&longs;pu<lb/>tando uer&longs;arentur. </s> <s id="N406CA7">Illic quidem inerant &longs;patia fene&longs;trata et <lb/>apertionum pro&longs;pectus: et <expan abbr="&longs;ed&etilde;di">&longs;edendi</expan> ordines: amorem et hone<pb xlink:href="004/01/150.jpg"/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi aderant et porticus: <expan abbr="uirent&etilde;">uirentem</expan> hærbis <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> et floribus <lb/>ue&longs;titam circumentes huiu&longs;modi opera <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">per quae</expan> belle condicunt <lb/>huic religio&longs;orum generi: ac uelim quidem ut qui &longs;tudiis <lb/>bonis delectentur a&longs;&longs;idui apud artium profe&longs;&longs;ores commo<lb/>rentur / &longs;umma uoluptate / nullo cum fa&longs;tidio <expan abbr="præ&longs;&etilde;tium">præ&longs;entium</expan> re<lb/>rum aut &longs;atietate ea de re. </s> <s id="N406CCE">ita i&longs;tic parabo et <expan abbr="porticũ">porticum</expan> et <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> <lb/>et eiu&longs;modi: ut nihil amplius ad diuer&longs;andi <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> optes. </s> <s id="N406CDF">Le<lb/>nes excipient &longs;oles hieme: a &longs;tate uero umbram auram que <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> id fieri queat grati&longs;&longs;imam. </s> <s id="N406CE9">Sed de his ædificationum de<lb/>litiis &longs;uo di&longs;tinctius loco pro&longs;equemur. </s> <s id="N406CEE">Quod &longs;i iuuat pu<lb/>blica &longs;tatuere auditoria et &longs;cholas / ubi &longs;apientes doctore&longs;que <lb/>conuenias: ea ponito loco / ut &longs;int incolis <expan abbr="oĩbus">omnibus</expan> æque opor<lb/>tuna. </s> <s id="N406CFB">Ce&longs;&longs;ent fabrorum &longs;trepitus: ab&longs;int nidores: fetores: <lb/>non admittat ocio&longs;orum la&longs;ciuias: &longs;apiat &longs;olitudinem gra<lb/>uibus et circa res maximas et rari&longs;&longs;imas occupat is condi<lb/>gnam: habeatque auctoritatis in &longs;e magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> uenu&longs;tatis. </s> <s id="N406D0A">Cæ<lb/>terum quo pietatem aduer&longs;us imbecilles et de&longs;titutos exer<lb/>ceat pontifex: locus erit et uarius et &longs;umma diligentia con<lb/>&longs;tituendus. </s> <s id="N406D15">Nam alibi de&longs;titutos / alibi <expan abbr="egrotãtes">egrotantes</expan> &longs;u&longs;cipias <lb/>et foueas nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: tum et inter egrotantes &longs;unt / quos ca<lb/>ui&longs;&longs;e oportet: ne dum paucis et inutilibus pro&longs;picias: plu<lb/>ribus et utilibus <expan abbr="periculũ">periculum</expan> afferas. </s> <s id="N406D26">Fuere in italia principe&longs; <lb/>qui &longs;uis <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> urbibus uetuerint genus illud hominum ue&longs;te ac <lb/>membris laceros / quos errones appellant / precabundos ho<lb/>&longs;tiatim petere. </s> <s id="N406D33">Illico enim ubi appulerant / monebantur ne <lb/>quid plus triduo &longs;e&longs;e in urbe uideri &longs;inerent inertes: <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e tam comminutum quin aliqua <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> re hominum cetui &longs;ua <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it opera prode&longs;&longs;e: quando cecifunariis <expan abbr="&longs;alt&etilde;">&longs;altem</expan> <expan abbr="iuuãdis">iuuandis</expan> <expan abbr="pro&longs;ũt">pro&longs;unt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N406D53">Quos uero grauior aliquis morbus <expan abbr="oĩo">omnino</expan> oppre&longs;&longs;erat: hos <expan abbr="cõuenarum">con<lb/>uenarum</expan> <expan abbr="ho&longs;pitũ">ho&longs;pitum</expan> magi&longs;tratus apud minores <expan abbr="põtifices">pontifices</expan> legioni<lb/>bus <expan abbr="di&longs;tribuebãt">di&longs;tribuebant</expan>. </s> <s id="N406D6E">Itaque illi neque pii&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="cõuicinorum">conuicinorum</expan> opem <lb/>fru&longs;tra <expan abbr="po&longs;cebãt">po&longs;cebant</expan>: nec ciuitas ea sedi&longs;&longs;imorum ob&longs;cenitate <expan abbr="off&etilde;">offen</expan><lb/><expan abbr="deba&ttilde;">debatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406D84">Apud <expan abbr="etrichiã">etrichiam</expan> pro uetere illo &longs;anctitatis et ueri&longs;&longs;ime <lb/>religionis cultu quo <expan abbr="&longs;em&ptilde;">&longs;emper</expan> claruit mirifica <expan abbr="ui&longs;ũ&ttilde;">ui&longs;untur</expan> ho&longs;pitaria <pb xlink:href="004/01/151.jpg"/>incredibili habita impen&longs;a: ubi ciuium peregrinorum ue <lb/>quiuis nullam que ad &longs;alutem pertineat rem / &longs;ibi <expan abbr="defuturã">defuturam</expan> <lb/>&longs;entiat. </s> <s id="N406D9D">Sed quom &longs;int egroti alii morbidi: qui lepra pe&longs;te <lb/>et huiu&longs;modi contagionum uenenis beneualentes <expan abbr="inficiãt">inficiant</expan>: <lb/>alii uero ut ita loquar &longs;anabiles &longs;int / di&longs;tincta hos habere <lb/>uelim diuer&longs;oria. </s> <s id="N406DAC">Veteres Ae&longs;culapio Apollini / &longs;alutique <lb/>diis: quorum artibus et minime genus hominum <expan abbr="bonã">bonam</expan> <expan abbr="ualitudin&etilde;">ua<lb/>litudinem</expan> recuperare atque &longs;eruari arbitrabantur ædes loco <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>ni&longs;i &longs;aluberrimo a&longs;truebant: ubi &longs;inceræ auræ et purgati&longs;&longs;i<lb/>mæ aquæ &longs;uppeditarent: quo illic delati egrotantes <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ope <lb/>deum tantum / uerum etiam locorum beneficio promptus <lb/>conuale&longs;cerent. </s> <s id="N406DCC">Et nimirum &longs;aluberrima <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan>primis loca e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>optabimus: ubi aut publice aut priuatim egrotos habeas: <lb/>Siccea forta&longs;&longs;is eam ad rem atque &longs;axo&longs;a et uentis a&longs;&longs;iduo <lb/>ab&longs;ter&longs;a: et &longs;olibus non u&longs;ta: &longs;ed facili <expan abbr="t&etilde;pore">tempore</expan> illu&longs;trata pro <lb/>labuntur: quando humida putredinum fomenta &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N406DDF">Sed <lb/>palam e&longs;t naturam in re omni gaudere <expan abbr="temperam&etilde;to">temperamento</expan>: quin <lb/>et &longs;anitas ip&longs;a haud aliud e&longs;t <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> complexi ex quibus <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;tet">cen&longs;tet</expan> <lb/>temperamentum: et mediocria &longs;emper delectant. </s> <s id="N406DF4">In cæte<lb/>ris contagio&longs;i non urbe modo / uerum etiam ab uia publica <lb/>longe <expan abbr="exclud&etilde;tur">excludentur</expan>: reliqui urbe <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruabũtur">a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur</expan>: i&longs;torum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb/>tecta partiantur et di&longs;tribuantur &longs;ic / ut alibi &longs;e recipiant quae <lb/>curantur: alibi quos incurandos magis &longs;u&longs;ceperis: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> &longs;eruan<lb/>des: quoad &longs;ic &longs;e&longs;e &longs;ua tulerint fata: uti <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> decrepiti et ca<lb/>ti mente. </s> <s id="N406E17">Adde quod alibi feminas / alibi mares / &longs;iue egrotent <lb/>&longs;iue i&longs;tos curent / &longs;eparatim habendi <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>. </s> <s id="N406E20">Adde etiam quod ue<lb/>luti in famulis &longs;ic et in his: aliorum alias &longs;ecretiores / alias <lb/>communiores e&longs;&longs;e diuer&longs;orii partes conuenit: prout ip&longs;a cu<lb/>randi et cohabitandi ratio modu&longs;que mon&longs;trabit: de quibus <lb/>no&longs;trum non e&longs;t prolixius pro&longs;equi. </s> <s id="N406E2B">Tantum hoc faciat ad <lb/>rem fore i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia &longs;uis totis partibus ex <expan abbr="priuatorũ">priuatorum</expan> <lb/>u&longs;ibus diffinienda. </s> <s id="N406E36">De his hactenus. </s> <s id="N406E39">Nunc quod reliquum <lb/>e&longs;t pro&longs;equamur ordine uti <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;titueramus">in&longs;titueramus</expan>. </s> <s id="N406E42">Nam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>partes. r. p. duas diximus: <expan abbr="alterã">alteram</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;acrã">&longs;acram</expan>: <expan abbr="alterã">alteram</expan> <expan abbr="prophanã">prophanam</expan>. </s> <s id="N406E64">Sacra <pb xlink:href="004/01/152.jpg"/>ab&longs;oluta e&longs;t tum et prophana aliqua ex parte pertacta: ubi de <lb/>&longs;enatu et iudicio in ædibus principis <expan abbr="hab&etilde;do">habendo</expan> di&longs;&longs;eruimus: <lb/>illis quæ <expan abbr="add&etilde;da">addenda</expan> &longs;unt hic breui&longs;&longs;ime annumerabimus: mox <lb/>ad imperatoria ca&longs;tra et cla&longs;&longs;em deueniemus: po&longs;tremo pri<lb/>uata expedientur. </s> <s id="N406E7B">Senatum ueteres templis cogere a&longs;&longs;ueue <lb/>re. </s> <s id="N406E80">Po&longs;tea increbuit mos ut extra urbem haberetur. </s> <s id="N406E83"><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> <lb/>quod ad maie&longs;tatem atque ad res agendas præ&longs;tabat / propria <lb/>huic habere muneri tecta uoluere. </s> <s id="N406E8D">Quibus fe&longs;&longs;i ætate pa<lb/>tres / neque uitæ prolixitate deterrerentur: neque loci <expan abbr="incõmoditate">incom<lb/>moditate</expan> prohiberentur: quominus et conuenirent frequen<lb/>tes: et una diutius ade&longs;&longs;ent: media iccirco in urbe <expan abbr="curiã">curiam</expan> &longs;e<lb/>natoriam locauere: eique iudiciariam / et templum proxime <lb/>adiungendum putarunt: non ea re tantum ut ambitionibus <lb/>detenti / et cau&longs;is foren&longs;ibus occupati commodiu&longs; non inter <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;o aut &longs;tudio aut officio utri&longs;que &longs;ati&longs;facerent: uerum <lb/>etiam ut patres ip&longs;i uti &longs;unt ferme omnes natu maiore&longs; ad/ <lb/>modum religioni dediti / &longs;alutatis diis non intermi&longs;&longs;a ope<lb/>ra a templo ad negocium &longs;e po&longs;&longs;int tran&longs;ferre oportune. <lb/></s> <s id="N406EAD">Adde quod &longs;i <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> aut legatos aut principes exterarum gen<lb/>tium &longs;ibi dari copiam &longs;enatus petierint ex. r. p. e&longs;t <expan abbr="locũ">locum</expan> ha<lb/>bere ubi <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> dignitate et ho&longs;pitis et urbis <expan abbr="præ&longs;tolant&etilde;">præ&longs;tolantem</expan> excipi<lb/>as. </s> <s id="N406ECF"><expan abbr="Cæterũ">Cæterum</expan> huiu&longs;cemodi publicis diuer&longs;oriis nihil quod ad <lb/>ciuium multitudinem commode excipiendam: hone&longs;te de<lb/>tinendam: oportuneque <expan abbr="emittendã">emittendam</expan> faciat / ulla ex parte negli<lb/>gendam e&longs;t: et pre&longs;ertim curandum / ut itinerum et luminum <lb/>et &longs;patiorum et eiu&longs;modi: quæ u&longs;ui uentura &longs;int / ne ullæ pe<lb/>nitus commoditates de&longs;int. </s> <s id="N406EE3">Ac prætorio quidem: quo loci <lb/>plurimi <expan abbr="altercan&ttilde;/apertiones">altercantur / apertiones</expan> et plures et <expan abbr="ãpliores">ampliores</expan> et prom<lb/>ptiores adigendæ <expan abbr="&longs;unt /&qtilde;">&longs;unt / quae</expan> aut templo aut curiæ. </s> <s id="N406EF6">Tum in &longs;e <lb/>natum aditus quidem munitus nequicquam minus <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> hone<lb/>&longs;tius &longs;it / nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N406F01">Id quidem cum cæteras ob res: tum ne <lb/>temerarius bachantium tumultus in&longs;ana ex plebe &longs;editio&longs;o <lb/>aliquo auctore concitatus in patrum pernitiem ad <expan abbr="arbitriũ">arbitrium</expan> <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="irrũpere">irrumpere</expan>: quin uel ea maxime re porticus ambulatio <pb xlink:href="004/01/153.jpg"/>et eiu&longs;modi adicienda &longs;unt: ubi &longs;eruitia <expan abbr="cli&etilde;telæ">clientelæ</expan> familiæque <lb/>&longs;uos præ&longs;tolantes <expan abbr="ĩpræmeditatis">impræmeditatis</expan> ca&longs;ibus &longs;it præ&longs;idio. </s> <s id="N406F20">Illud <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> prætermitto. </s> <s id="N406F28">Locis quidem omnibus quibus uox aut re<lb/>citantium aut canentium aut di&longs;putantium audienda e&longs;t: <lb/>te&longs;tudinata haud u&longs;que conueniunt quod uocem retundant: <expan abbr="cõtignata">con<lb/>tignata</expan> <expan abbr="conueniũt">conueniunt</expan> quod &longs;onora &longs;int.</s> </p> <p id="N406F39" type="main"> <s id="N406F3B">Ca&longs;tris ponendis nimirum omnia repetenda pen&longs;andaque &longs;unt <lb/>quæ libris &longs;uperioribus de urbium <expan abbr="pon&etilde;darum">ponendarum</expan> rationibus di&longs;&longs;e<lb/>ruimus. </s> <s id="N406F46">Nam &longs;unt ca&longs;tra ueluti urbium <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> &longs;eminaria: <lb/>et con&longs;titutas urbes <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pauci&longs;&longs;imas comperies illic / ubi pe<lb/>riti bellorum duces metarint. </s> <s id="N406F55">In ca&longs;tris tamen præcipua hæc <lb/>&longs;unt: ut intelligamus ca&longs;tra ip&longs;a quid &longs;pectent. </s> <s id="N406F5A">Ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="&qtilde;d&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ni repentinos armorum ca&longs;us et maiorem ho&longs;tium uim <expan abbr="ue/rerentur">ue<lb/>rerentur</expan> non ponerent. </s> <s id="N406F65">Et penitus ab re id opus e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="arbitr&etilde;tur">arbitren<lb/>tur</expan>: ho&longs;tium iccirco ratio habenda e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N406F6E">Ho&longs;tium alius ar<lb/>mis et manu e&longs;t par: alius concitatior et ualidior. </s> <s id="N406F73">Ca&longs;trorum <lb/>hinc tria e&longs;&longs;e genera &longs;tatuemus. </s> <s id="N406F78"><expan abbr="Vnũ">Vnum</expan> temporarium et mo<lb/>mentis mutabile: quo inter agendam expediendamque rem <lb/>aduer&longs;us compares armatos utimur / partim continendi in <lb/>tuto militis: partim coaptandæ po&longs;tulandæque occa&longs;ionis cau<lb/>&longs;a ut cepta preclare perficias. </s> <s id="N406F86"><expan abbr="Alterũ">Alterum</expan> genus ca&longs;trorum erit <lb/>&longs;tatarium: &longs;ui&longs;que diffidentem copiis ho&longs;tem: dum &longs;e muni<lb/>to aliquo <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> loco <expan abbr="cõtinuerit">continuerit</expan> premere et occupare in&longs;tituas: <lb/>Tertium forta&longs;&longs;is ca&longs;trorum genus illud erit: quo <expan abbr="impet&etilde;tem">impeten<lb/>tem</expan> urgentemque <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> &longs;u&longs;tineas / quoad lace&longs;&longs;endi &longs;atietate <lb/>aut ob&longs;idionis tedio affectus di&longs;cedat / atque abeat. </s> <s id="N406FA6">In hi&longs;ce <lb/>omnibus egregie curandum in primis prouidendum e&longs;t: <lb/>&longs;ic &longs;e habeant omni ex parte / ut eis nihil de&longs;it rerum omnium <lb/>quæ ad &longs;alutem / ad &longs;e tuendum / ad <expan abbr="tolerandũ/frangendũqueho&longs;tem">tolerandum / frangendumque <lb/>ho&longs;tem</expan> accomodentur. </s> <s id="N406FB5">Et contra ut ho&longs;ti nihil quoad in te <lb/>&longs;it rem omnium &longs;uppeditet: quibus aut te po&longs;&longs;it lace&longs;&longs;e<lb/>re: aut &longs;e&longs;e ferre &longs;ine incommodo atque periculo. </s> <s id="N406FBF">Ergo <expan abbr="captãda">cap<lb/>tanda</expan> <expan abbr="ĩprimis">imprimis</expan> erit loci oportunitas: quo et inueniri <expan abbr="abũde">abunde</expan>: <lb/>et comportari expedite: et excipi ad arbitrium commeatus <pb xlink:href="004/01/154.jpg"/>&longs;ub&longs;idiaque po&longs;&longs;int. </s> <s id="N406FD5">Aqua nequicquam deerit: pabulum: li<lb/>gna haud longe aberunt: ad tuos receptus liber: in ho&longs;tem <lb/>egre&longs;&longs;us expeditus. </s> <s id="N406FDC">Ho&longs;ti contra omnia compedita / et dif<lb/>ficilia <expan abbr="relinquen&ttilde;">relinquentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N406FE5">Extare uelim ca&longs;tra quoad pror&longs;us <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">omnem</expan> <lb/>ho&longs;tium regionem de&longs;pectes: ne quid conetur aut inchoet <lb/>qui&longs;piam / quod non illico pro&longs;pectum tibi et <expan abbr="cognitũ">cognitum</expan> &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N406FF5">Locum deuexa / deiecta / ardua / abrupta late <expan abbr="circũmunient">circummunient</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N406FFD">Ne quid aut multa manu circumuenire: aut ulla ex parte &longs;e <lb/>inferre &longs;ine graui dis&longs;erimine ho&longs;tis po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N407002">Ne quid ubi tan<lb/>dem appulerit / po&longs;&longs;it aut tormenta libere immittere: aut &longs;i <lb/>ne magno &longs;uo malo per&longs;i&longs;tere. </s> <s id="N407009">Hæc &longs;i <expan abbr="dabũtur">dabuntur</expan> locorum opor<lb/>tunitates u&longs;urpentur. </s> <s id="N407012">Alioquin con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportebit / et <lb/>quæ tibi ca&longs;tra / et quibus locis pro exequenda expeditione <lb/>ponenda &longs;int. </s> <s id="N407019">Nam et &longs;tataria ca&longs;tra munitiora multo e&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> temporaria oportet: et planis locis diffu&longs;iore artificio et <lb/>opere indigent maiore <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> in collibus. </s> <s id="N407027">Nos a temporariis in<lb/>cipiemus: quando i&longs;torum quidem u&longs;us frequentior e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s id="N40702D">Quin et ca&longs;tra per&longs;æpe muta&longs;&longs;e ualitudini militum confer <lb/>re arbitrantur. </s> <s id="N407032">Sed ca&longs;tris <expan abbr="pon&etilde;dis">ponendis</expan> forta&longs;&longs;is illud ueniet in <lb/>mentem quam ambigamus / &longs;uis ne <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> finibus / an alieno agro <expan abbr="cõmodius">com<lb/>modius</expan> <expan abbr="habeãtur">habeantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40704B">Aiebat Zenophon mutatione ca&longs;trorum le<lb/>di ho&longs;tes: iuuari tuos proculdubio ad fortitudinis decus fa<lb/>ciet: aliena proculcare: ad commoditates et &longs;ecuritatem <expan abbr="cõferet">con<lb/>feret</expan> &longs;uo &longs;e&longs;e in &longs;olo recepi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N407058">Sed &longs;ic in&longs;tituamus ut pute<lb/>mus ca&longs;tra ad totam quæ &longs;ub&longs;it et pareat <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e quip<lb/>piam &longs;imile atque ad urbem arx: que et <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> &longs;uos contiguum re <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;um: et in externos per promptum et paratum progre&longs;<lb/>&longs;um habeat nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N40706B">Cæterum obuallandorum ca&longs;trorum uaria <lb/>e&longs;t ratio. </s> <s id="N407070">Britani &longs;udibus decempedalibus præu&longs;tis et præ <lb/>acutis &longs;e&longs;e circum&longs;æpiunt / altero capite intra &longs;olum infixo <lb/>et exculcato: altero extanti et producto: ut ho&longs;tem aduer<lb/>&longs;um &longs;pectent. </s> <s id="N407079">Gallos refert Cæ&longs;ar pro uallo carros ho&longs;ti &longs;o<lb/>litos obiicere. </s> <s id="N40707E">I&longs;dem et traces aduer&longs;us Alexandrum u&longs;os <lb/>meminit. </s> <s id="N407083">Neruii quo præ&longs;ertim <expan abbr="equit&etilde;">equitem</expan> impediant teneris <pb xlink:href="004/01/155.jpg"/>inci&longs;is arboribus atque mutuo inflexis / crebri&longs;que inter &longs;e ra<lb/>mis reiunctis &longs;epem obducunt. </s> <s id="N407090">Nearcum præfectum Ale<lb/>xandri per <expan abbr="indicü">indicum</expan> mare nauigant quo e&longs;&longs;et a barbaris tutior <lb/>muro muniui&longs;&longs;e ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="memĩt">meminit</expan> Arrianus. </s> <s id="N40709B">Romani erat mo<lb/>ris: ita ca&longs;ibus &longs;ingulis / et fortunæ / et temporis prouidi&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ut <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> &longs;ui penitendum foret / ac <expan abbr="milit&etilde;">militem</expan> quidem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> minus <lb/>ca&longs;tris muniendis: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> omni reliqua militia exercebant: neque <lb/>tanti ho&longs;tium pernitiem <expan abbr="faciebant/&qtilde;">faciebant / quae</expan> curabant ut &longs;uos egre<lb/>gie turarentur: po&longs;&longs;eque <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> ferre / et ferendo fru&longs;trari: atque <lb/>refellere. </s> <s id="N4070C2">id demum ad uictoriæ partem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> exiguam depu<lb/>tabant. </s> <s id="N4070CB">Ea re quicquid a quoquam: aut referri: aut excogi <lb/>tari: po&longs;&longs;it omnia cornplecti / et exequi ad &longs;ua <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan>: <lb/>et &longs;alutem u&longs;urparunt: edita et circum abrupta &longs;i deerant / <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;is profundi&longs;&longs;imis / et aggere accumulato / precipitia imi<lb/>tabuntur: ualloque et cratibus concingebant.</s> </p> <p id="N4070DA" type="main"> <s id="N4070DC">Horum nos in&longs;tituta &longs;ic &longs;equemur: loco metabimur non &longs;o<lb/>lum <expan abbr="cõmodo/&longs;ed">commodo / &longs;ed</expan> quo pro agendis rebus pre&longs;entibus inue<lb/>niri nullus po&longs;&longs;it accomodatior: et preter ea que recen&longs;ui<lb/>mus. </s> <s id="N4070E9">erit is quidem &longs;iccus minime luto&longs;us alluuionibus ne <lb/><expan abbr="quie&qtilde;">quicquam</expan> infen&longs;us / &longs;ed ita po&longs;itus: ut tuis nulla ex parte &longs;e ha<lb/>beat impeditum. </s> <s id="N4070F3">ho&longs;ti autem nihil præ&longs;tet quod tutum &longs;it: <lb/>aquam neque morbo&longs;am in proximo neque &longs;alubrem longe ab <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e patietur. </s> <s id="N4070FA">fontes intra ca&longs;tra puri&longs;&longs;imos excipiet / aut ri<lb/>uos: fluminaque pro ca&longs;tris obliciet. </s> <s id="N407100">Id &longs;i minus licebit: cura<lb/>bit <expan abbr="ut&qtilde;">usque</expan> contigua cuiu&longs;uis aquationis <expan abbr="cõmoditasque">commoditasque</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s id="N40710D">Tum <lb/>erunt ca&longs;tra pro multitudine militum / non laxiora <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> ut <lb/>di&longs;tributis ex excubiarum te&longs;&longs;eris / cu&longs;todiri / et <expan abbr="ĩtermr&longs;&longs;is">intermi&longs;&longs;is</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="propugnãdi">propugnandi</expan> uici&longs;&longs;itudinibus: defendi <expan abbr="&ptilde;">per</expan> milites po&longs;&longs;it ab&longs;que<lb/>la&longs;&longs;itudine. </s> <s id="N407123">Et <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> ne eunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cotracta adeo et cohor<lb/>tata / ut ad negocium &longs;pacia militi non &longs;uppeditent. </s> <s id="N407133">Angu<lb/>los ca&longs;tris inutiles putauit Lycurgus in <expan abbr="orb&etilde;que">orbenque</expan> ponebat / ni <lb/>aut <expan abbr="mõt&etilde;/aut">montem / aut</expan> flumine / aut moenia po&longs;t &longs;e haberet. </s> <s id="N407145">Alus area <lb/>ca&longs;trorum placuit quandrangula. </s> <s id="N40714A">Sed po&longs;itiones <expan abbr="finitione&longs;queca&longs;trorum / accõmodabimus">finitione&longs;que <lb/>ca&longs;trorum / accommodabimus</expan> <expan abbr="cõditioni">conditioni</expan> temporum / ac locorum <pb xlink:href="004/01/156.jpg"/>naturæ / prout rerum agendarum / ho&longs;tiumque petendorum / aut <lb/><expan abbr="fer&etilde;dorum">ferendorum</expan> ratio po&longs;tulabit: fo&longs;&longs;am ducemus tam amplam / ut <lb/>non ni&longs;i maxima ui aggeris. </s> <s id="N407162">et multa ætate po&longs;&longs;int exæqua <lb/>ri: aut potius binæ fo&longs;&longs;æ &longs;pacio intermi&longs;&longs;o <expan abbr="pro&longs;cinden&ttilde;">pro&longs;cindentur</expan>: pu<lb/>tarunt ueteres i&longs;tiu&longs;modi quoque in rebus numerum pedum im<lb/>parem a religione pertinere et con&longs;ueuere latam ducere pe<lb/>des. xv. profundam. ix. directis <expan abbr="pro&longs;cinde&ttilde;">pro&longs;cindetur</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a lateribus <lb/>uti pateat uno fundo / quantum &longs;umma inter &longs;e <expan abbr="di&longs;t&etilde;t">di&longs;tent</expan> labra <lb/>ubi uero labile fiet &longs;olum / paulatim / angu&longs;tiore ad <expan abbr="infimũ">infimum</expan> <lb/>fa&longs;tigio <expan abbr="deprime&ttilde;">deprimetur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407193">Campe&longs;tribus locis et demi&longs;&longs;is aqua ex <lb/>fluento / aut ex lacu / aut ex mari / deriuata et diducta <expan abbr="cõplebuntur">comple<lb/>buntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40719E">id &longs;i non licebit &longs;udibus et <expan abbr="trũcis">truncis</expan> dolobratis et præ <lb/>acutis / et <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;tintulis et municibus peralueum / infe&longs;&longs;is / ac <lb/>di&longs;&longs;eminatis exa&longs;perabitur. </s> <s id="N4071AD">Fo&longs;&longs;is productis et comparatis <lb/>agger &longs;tatuetur / tam cra&longs;&longs;us ut mu&longs;culis proturbari / tam al<lb/>tus ut non modo falces ad <expan abbr="diripi&etilde;dum">diripiendum</expan> adigi: &longs;ed ne tela qui<lb/>dem ad militem <expan abbr="deterr&etilde;dum">deterrendum</expan> facile manu po&longs;&longs;int mitti: præ<lb/>&longs;entaneum e&longs;t / ut quæ fo&longs;&longs;is eximantur: in aggerem coacer<lb/>uentur. </s> <s id="N4071C2">huic operi ueteres probarunt ex pratis re&longs;ectam tel<lb/>luris cutem: que herbarum radicibus <expan abbr="cõtineatur">contineatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4071CB">Alii inter <lb/>per&longs;a con&longs;tituunt / uimina uirentia &longs;alictarum / que germina<lb/>tu / et fibrarum complicatu agge&longs;tum opus confirment per <lb/>labra fo&longs;&longs;æ interiora perque extremum aggerem: configentur <lb/>&longs;pinæ / &longs;tili erit ii / hami et generis eiu&longs;dem: quibus a&longs;cen&longs;us <lb/>ho&longs;tium retardetur. </s> <s id="N4071D8">Aggerem &longs;upræmum rubu&longs;tei ualli in <lb/><expan abbr="coronã">coronam</expan> perfixi: et tran&longs;uer&longs;ariis connexi / obcingentur / cra<lb/>te et pluteis congeminatis / et creta intermi&longs;&longs;a atque excul<lb/>cata locabuntur. </s> <s id="N4071E4">Pinæ et cerui eminentis &longs;uper <expan abbr="exporgen&ttilde;">exporgentur</expan> <lb/>Denique omnia in opus conferuntur: quibus et minus &longs;ub<lb/>rui: pro&longs;cindique po&longs;&longs;it / et minus <expan abbr="trã&longs;cendi">tran&longs;cendndi</expan> et &longs;it miles / pro<lb/>pugnaculo tectior atque tutior. </s> <s id="N4071F6">Turres in pedes centenos <lb/>marginibus excitabuntur: et præ&longs;ertim ip&longs;is <expan abbr="oppugnationũ">oppugnationum</expan> <lb/>locis crebriores / cel&longs;iore&longs;que <expan abbr="parabun&ttilde;/">parabuntur /</expan> ut etiam inreptum <lb/>in ca&longs;tra ho&longs;tem: po&longs;&longs;int deprimere pretorium / et <expan abbr="quintanã">quintanam</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/157.jpg"/>portam et <expan abbr="decumanã/et">decumanan / et</expan> cuiu&longs;modi quæ &longs;uis ' ca&longs;tren&longs;ium no<lb/>minibus appellantur / habebit locis tuti&longs;&longs;imis: et ad erupti<lb/>ones fundendas / ad commeatus conuehendos / ad militem <lb/>recuperandum expediti&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s id="N407219">Atqui hæc quidem ut dixi <lb/>&longs;tatiuis ca&longs;tris magis debentur <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> temporariis: &longs;ed <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;it of<lb/>ficii omnes uereri ca&longs;us quos aut &longs;ors / aut tempora ualeant <lb/>afferre / ip&longs;is etiam momentaneis ca&longs;tris: minime quoad ex <lb/>u&longs;u &longs;it: quæ diximus negligentur. </s> <s id="N40722C">quæ autem ad &longs;tataria <lb/>ca&longs;tra præ&longs;ertim ferendis ob&longs;idionibus po&longs;ita <expan abbr="pertineãt">pertineant</expan>. </s> <s id="N407235">his <lb/>maxime &longs;imilia &longs;unt quæ de tyrannorum arce tran&longs;igemus <lb/>ob&longs;idionarium quoddam opus e&longs;t arx: quando eam <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ciues eternis odiis pro&longs;equantur: et ob&longs;idionis <expan abbr="accerrimũ">acerrimum</expan> <lb/>genus e&longs;t / perpetuo aduigilare occa&longs;ionemque momentis a&longs;<lb/>&longs;iduis pre&longs;tolari / qua po&longs;&longs;is in ea diruenda <expan abbr="irritam&etilde;tis">irritamentis</expan> odii <lb/>&longs;ati&longs;facere: ea re uti diximus curandum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N407250">Vt &longs;it ea qui<lb/>dem <expan abbr="pot&etilde;s">potens</expan> ualida &longs;tabilis prompta ad &longs;e tuendum ad <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> <lb/>fru&longs;trandum et propellendum: et contra omnes impetus / et <lb/>ob&longs;idionis peruicaciam tuta et ille&longs;a. </s> <s id="N407261">Cæterum ca&longs;tris qui<lb/>bus conclu&longs;um ho&longs;tem premas atque infe&longs;tes: ne quicquam <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia erunt indiligentius ob&longs;eruanda: et recte <lb/>quidem quod quidem aiunt: rem belli ita &longs;e haberi / ut ob&longs;i<lb/>diones uici&longs;&longs;im et ip&longs;i multa ex parte <expan abbr="ob&longs;ideãtur">ob&longs;ideantur</expan>: quare <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>id &longs;olum curandum e&longs;t qui potiare <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="cau&etilde;dum">cauendum</expan> etiam ne op<lb/>primare uel ho&longs;tium audacia et &longs;olertia / uel tuorum indili<lb/>gentia: ut potiare i&longs;ta <expan abbr="confer&etilde;t">conferent</expan> oppugnatio circumuallatio<lb/>ne opprimare itidem duo conferent / repugnatio et præmu<lb/>nitio: oppugnationum conatus omnis eo tendet / ut in oppi<lb/>dum et munitiones irrumpas. </s> <s id="N40728C">non hic de &longs;calis quibus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>repugnante ho&longs;te con&longs;cendas / non de cuniculis / non de am<lb/>bulatoriis turribus / non de tormentis / non de reliquo omni <lb/>ledendi genere quo igne aqua omnique naturæ copia utimur <lb/>non inquam e&longs;t hoc loco de his ut pro&longs;equar: alibi de his ca <lb/>&longs;tren&longs;ium machinamentis di&longs;tinctius pro&longs;equemur &longs;ed &longs;it <lb/>hoc ad rem / quod monent <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetum trabes <pb xlink:href="004/01/158.jpg"/>tigna / pluteos / crates / rudentes / fa&longs;cicalos / &longs;accos / lana / al<lb/>ga / foenoue infertos obiicito: præ&longs;ertimque ponito / ut <expan abbr="ext&etilde;t">extent</expan> <lb/>propendentes / et deundantes. </s> <s id="N4072AF">contra ignes i&longs;ta hæc madifa<lb/>cito / maxime aceto / aut luto et crudo latere operito. </s> <s id="N4072B4"><expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> <lb/>aquas ne laterem proluant pelles &longs;uperextendito: rur&longs;us <expan abbr="cõtra">con<lb/>tra</expan> ictus / ne pelles perton&longs;entur et collacerentur centonas <lb/>infu&longs;as et madentes adiicito. </s> <s id="N4072C4">Circumuallatio ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is moe<lb/>nibus pluribus de cau&longs;is propinqua &longs;tatuetur / non incon&longs;ul<lb/>te: nam breuiore ductu / minore militum labore / leuiore ma<lb/>teriæ copia atque impen&longs;a perfinietur: et peracta paucioribus <lb/>indigebit excubiis: &longs;ed ne ita <expan abbr="ĩtra">intra</expan> pomeria e&longs;t <expan abbr="ĩpĩgenda/">impingenda /</expan> ut <lb/>oppidani muralibus tormentis <expan abbr="milit&etilde;">militem</expan> in ca&longs;tris aut <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> opere <lb/><expan abbr="opprimãt">opprimant</expan>. </s> <s id="N4072E6">quod &longs;i fit quidem circumuallatio: uti ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is præ<lb/>&longs;idia: et commeatus aliunde petita abuetentur. </s> <s id="N4072EB">certe modo <lb/>hoc ip&longs;um ex in&longs;tituto a&longs;&longs;equare ubi uis interceperis aditus <lb/>atque interclu&longs;eris commodi&longs;&longs;ime habebitur &longs;iue pontes præ<lb/>ualaris &longs;iue alibi uada et uias trabe aut maceria per&longs;ep&longs;eris <lb/>&longs;iue &longs;tagna / lacus / paludes / flumina collesue inter &longs;e opere <lb/>perducto uinxeris &longs;iue dederis operam ut aquarum uis re <lb/>cre&longs;cat deuexaque circumpleat. </s> <s id="N4072FA">his addenda &longs;unt quæ ad re<lb/>pugnationis et <expan abbr="præmunitõis">præmunitonis</expan> u&longs;um ualeant. </s> <s id="N407303"><expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am agge<lb/>rem turrimque et eiu&longs;modi / et contra oppidanos et <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> &longs;ub<lb/>&longs;idiarias prouincialium manus communi&longs;&longs;e oportet: ne <lb/>quid hi eruptione aut hi concur&longs;u et inua&longs;ione officiant ac <lb/>ponentur quidem præterea locis idoneis ca&longs;tella et &longs;peculæ <lb/>quibus militi et iumentis aquatio / lignatio / pabulatioque tu<lb/>tior liberior commodiorque &longs;it: &longs;ed ne ita di&longs;gregabuntur co<lb/>piæ in partes uarias ut non uno impio regi unis uiribus de<lb/>certare una <expan abbr="con&longs;piratiõe">con&longs;piratione</expan> alter alteri &longs;ub&longs;idio e&longs;&longs;e extemplo <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N407323">Iuuat hic illud referre <expan abbr="dignũ">dignum</expan> memoratu ex Apiano <lb/>hi&longs;torico. </s> <s id="N40732C">nam apud Peru&longs;iam quidem Octauianus <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> Lu<lb/>cium ob&longs;ideret: fo&longs;&longs;am duxit &longs;tadia quinquaginta et &longs;ex pro<lb/>ten&longs;am u&longs;que ad tyberim latamque profundamque pedes. xxx. <lb/></s> <s id="N40733B"><expan abbr="Adiũxit">Adiunxit</expan> præterea murum <expan abbr="excel&longs;ũ">excel&longs;um</expan> et ligneas turres <expan abbr="qn&qtilde;ginta">qinquaginta</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/159.jpg"/>&longs;upra mille <expan abbr="&longs;uperemin&etilde;tes">&longs;upereminentes</expan> pedes. </s> <s id="N407351">lx. </s> <s id="N407354">atque ita muniuit opus <lb/>ut ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i non magis arcerentur <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> . </s> <s id="N40735D">etiam excluderentur ne <lb/>u&longs;piam exercitum po&longs;&longs;ent lædere. </s> <s id="N407362">De terre&longs;tribus hactenus <lb/>ni forte illud de&longs;it quod digni&longs;&longs;imum &longs;pectati&longs;&longs;imumque lo<lb/>cum deligere oportet / ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> cum maie&longs;tate uexilla rei <lb/>publicæ collocentur et diuina fiant cum maxima ueneratio <lb/>ne et militares magi&longs;tratus ad tribunal et con&longs;ilium uocati <lb/>conueniant. </s> <s id="N407373">Maritima ca&longs;tra cla&longs;&longs;ibus haberi forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> <lb/>qui negent / dicentque nauibus &longs;e uti qua&longs;i aquatico elephan<lb/>to quem &longs;uis frenis moderentur / ac portus magis ad ca&longs;tro<lb/>rum u&longs;um referri <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> nauium: alii contra nauim affirmabunt <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e haud aliud quippiam <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> arcem quandam <expan abbr="obambulant&etilde;">obambulantem</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N40738F">nos i&longs;ta pretermittamus atque &longs;ic &longs;tatuamus duo e&longs;&longs;e quibus <lb/>no&longs;tra hæc ratio et ars ædificatoria cla&longs;&longs;iariis ducibus et tur<lb/>mis &longs;alutem atque uictoriam pariat / unum in nauibus ad or<lb/>nandis / alterum in portibus <expan abbr="muni&etilde;dis/&longs;iue">muniendis / &longs;iue</expan> ho&longs;tem petas &longs;i<lb/>ue prohibeas. </s> <s id="N40739E">Nauium primarius u&longs;us e&longs;t : ut te tuaque tran&longs;<lb/>uehant proximus ut bello &longs;ubmini&longs;trent opem &longs;ine periculo <lb/>pericula quidem aut ip&longs;a ex naui ueluti iuncta corpori et in <lb/>nata aderunt / aut <expan abbr="extrĩ&longs;ecus">extrin&longs;ecus</expan> importabuntur: extrin&longs;eca <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>uentorum <expan abbr="uis / undarũ">uis / undarum</expan> moles / &longs;copuli &longs;irti&longs;que incur&longs;us: quæ <lb/>quidem omnia u&longs;u rerum maritimarum et locorum uentorum<lb/>que cognitione et peritia &longs;atis mature uitabuntur: innata <expan abbr="aũt">aut</expan> <lb/>uitia facient aut liniamenta aut materia / his uitiis prouiden<lb/>dum e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N4073C3">Materiam omnem reprobant quæ fi&longs;&longs;ilis fragilis &longs;i<lb/>dens putrico&longs;aque &longs;it clauos et ligulas eneas præferunt ferreis <lb/>ex naui traiani per hos dies dum quæ &longs;crip&longs;imus commenta <lb/>ret ex lacu nemoren&longs;i eruta: quo loci annos plus mille. ccc. <lb/>demer&longs;a et de&longs;tituta iacuerat aduerti pinum materiam et cu<lb/>pre&longs;&longs;um egregie dura&longs;&longs;e in ea tabulis extrin&longs;ecus duplicem <lb/>&longs;uperexten&longs;am et pice atra perfu&longs;am / tela ex lino adglutina<lb/>rant &longs;upraque id chartam plumbeam clauiculis eneis coadfir<lb/>marant. </s> <s id="N4073DB">Fabricandis nauibus liniamenta ueteres architecti <lb/>&longs;ump&longs;ere a pi&longs;cibus ut quod in illo dor&longs;um in hac fit carina <pb xlink:href="004/01/160.jpg"/>quod illi caput huic prora / tum et pro cauda temon / et pro <lb/>remis brancæ et aliculæ. </s> <s id="N4073E6">Nauium duo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> genera / onerariæ <lb/>et fugaces. </s> <s id="N4073EF">nauis longitudo ad cur&longs;us præ&longs;ertim directos in <lb/>primis confert: breuitas ad temonis imperia faciet. </s> <s id="N4073F4">Onera<lb/>riæ longitudo uelim ad latitudinem &longs;it / ne minus tripla fu<lb/>gacis ne plus nonupla. </s> <s id="N4073FB">Alibi de nauium rationibus in eo li<lb/>bello qui nauis in&longs;cribitur profu&longs;ius pro&longs;ecuti &longs;umus / &longs;ed hic <lb/>quantam faciat ad ceptam rem. </s> <s id="N407402">Nauium partes hæ &longs;unt ca<lb/>rina / pupis / prora / hinc atque hinc latera adde &longs;i uis <expan abbr="temon&etilde;">temonem</expan> <lb/>et uela / et quæ ad cur&longs;um pertineant. </s> <s id="N40740D">Vacuum nauis <expan abbr="quãtũ">quantum</expan> <lb/>&longs;it aquæ pondus qua po&longs;&longs;it ad iu&longs;tum impleri tantum in&longs;ti<lb/>tarum rerum <expan abbr="põderis">ponderis</expan> &longs;u&longs;tinebit. </s> <s id="N40741C">Carinam planam e&longs;&longs;e opor<lb/>tet: cætera omnia ad flexæ lineæ cubitum dolobrabuntur. <lb/></s> <s id="N407422">Carina quo erit latior eo ponderum tollerantior / &longs;ed cur&longs;u <lb/>tardior: carina extenuata et reducta uelocior: &longs;ed ni plu<lb/>rimum indideris &longs;aburre uacillabit. </s> <s id="N407429">Carina ampla uado&longs;is <lb/>apta gracilis alto mari &longs;ecurior. </s> <s id="N40742E">Latera et prora cel&longs;a et &longs;ub <lb/>lata aduer&longs;us impetentes fluctus peruicax &longs;ed uentis grauio<lb/>ribus peruincitur: prore ductus quo erit argutior / eo ad cur<lb/>&longs;um promptior et labilior. </s> <s id="N407439">Pupis quo gracilior eo ceptis &longs;ul<lb/>cis tenendis <expan abbr="per&longs;euerãtior">per&longs;euerantior</expan> ad nauim umbones et pectora ua<lb/>lida et paulo promptiora e&longs;&longs;e oportet / quo uelorum remorum<lb/>ue appul&longs;u et impetu fluctus propellant: &longs;ubinde ad pupim <lb/>uer&longs;us gracile&longs;cat quo ueluti <expan abbr="&longs;põte">&longs;ponte</expan> &longs;ua lubrico diffugio euo<lb/>let <expan abbr="temonũ">temonum</expan> numerus naui auget firmitatem minuit uelocita<lb/>tem arbori atque naui equa dabitur longitudo. </s> <s id="N407454">minuta <expan abbr="reli&qtilde;">reliquae</expan> <lb/>et quæ ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> nauis et quae ad <expan abbr="uĩ">uim</expan> belli <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan> remos ancoras <lb/>rudentes ro&longs;tra turres pontes et eiu&longs;modi minutiora præte <lb/>reantur: illud faciat ad rem trabes et tigna &longs;pondis et lateri<lb/>bus pendentia et item porrecta. </s> <s id="N40746F">pro ro&longs;tris et contra impetus <lb/>contrarios pro munimento e&longs;&longs;e / tum et arbores excitate pro <lb/>turribus: antennæ et &longs;cafæ in antennas &longs;ublatæ pro pontibus <lb/>egregie ualebunt / ueteres in prora coruos no&longs;tri prora et pu<lb/>pi propter malum turres excitare / et centonas rudentes &longs;ac<pb xlink:href="004/01/161.jpg"/>cos et eiu&longs;modi prouallo et tecto obiicere: et funibus rehabere <lb/>&longs;uperobducto tran&longs;cendentes ad &longs;e prohibere perpulchere <lb/>didicerunt. </s> <s id="N407482">Et nauim foros quo pacto crebris per&longs;urgentibus <lb/>&longs;timulis unico temporis momento interdimicandum po&longs;&longs;is <lb/>penitus refertos reddere: adeo ut non &longs;ine uulnere accepto <lb/>liceat ho&longs;ti pedem paulo dimouere. </s> <s id="N40748B">Et contra ubi ex u&longs;u &longs;it <lb/>altro minore <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> temporis expurgari omni i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <lb/>offen&longs;ione amota po&longs;&longs;it: excogitauimus atque adnotauimus <lb/>alibi. </s> <s id="N407498">Sed <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t hic ut uelim i&longs;ta repetere. </s> <s id="N40749F">Admonui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <lb/>tum iuuent bona ingenia. </s> <s id="N4074A8"><expan abbr="Tũ">Tum</expan> et inueni qua po&longs;&longs;im arte uni<lb/>co leui malleoli ictu fori tabulata di&longs;&longs;oluere uniuer&longs;a: om<lb/>nemque multitudinem: que <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;derit">con&longs;cenderit</expan> deturbare: atque ilico <lb/>leui manu breui momento opus <expan abbr="integrũ">integrum</expan> u&longs;ui re&longs;tituere.</s> </p> <p id="N4074BC" type="main"> <s id="N4074BE">Quæ etiam excogitarim ad &longs;ubmergendas incendenda&longs;que <lb/>nanes <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiũ">ho&longs;tium</expan> ad perturbandam ad occidendam occi&longs;ione <lb/>mi&longs;erabili <expan abbr="turbã">turbam</expan> naualem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="referã">referam</expan> De his forta&longs;&longs;is<lb/>alibi: Illud non pretereatur quod locis omnibus eadem na<lb/>uis longitudo: altitudo: amplitudo ue non debetur ponto <expan abbr="ĩter">in<lb/>ter</expan> in&longs;ularum amfractus ua&longs;tæ carinæ: quibus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i multa <lb/>hominum manu imperes: male habent uentis paulo acrius <lb/>&longs;euientibus. </s> <s id="N4074E7">Contra ad gades profu&longs;o oceano pu&longs;illa flucti<lb/>bus ab&longs;orbetur. </s> <s id="N4074EC">Rursus ad rem naualem &longs;pectat portus <lb/>tueri aut impedire. </s> <s id="N4074F1">Id mole in profundum ducta: et aggere <lb/>et catenis et rebus eiu&longs;modi obirectis : e quibus libro &longs;uperi<lb/>ore tran&longs;egimus: belli&longs;&longs;ime a&longs;&longs;equemur. </s> <s id="N4074FA">Pali prefingentur: <lb/>Lapidum impedimenta iacientur. </s> <s id="N407501">Tum ex tabulis atque, ui<lb/>minibus forme et uacua grauibus completa de mergentur. <lb/></s> <s id="N407507">Sin autem loci natura aut impen&longs;e magnitudo i&longs;ta fieri pro<lb/>hibuerit: puta &longs;i fluida limo&longs;itas aut nimium profunda alti<lb/>tudo ad&longs;it: &longs;ic facito. </s> <s id="N40750E">Dolus &longs;ub&longs;tratis ordine et iunctis trabes <lb/>et tigna directa atque <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <expan abbr="trã&longs;uer&longs;um">tran&longs;uer&longs;um</expan> alia ex aliis collocata <lb/>et compacta coaptato adficitoque ut ex rate <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> ho&longs;tem emine<lb/>ant ro&longs;tra ardua præacuta et pali: quos ton&longs;illas <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan>: <lb/>ferrato cu&longs;pide ne quid leuigata ho&longs;tium nauis plenis uelis <pb xlink:href="004/01/162.jpg"/>audeat opus impetere aut tran&longs;labi. </s> <s id="N40752D">Ratem ab ignium iniu<lb/>ria contergito tellure: crates et pluteos pro uallo circum adi<lb/>gito: locis idoneis turres contabulato: frequenti anchora <lb/>locis &longs;tabilibus: et qu&etail; ho&longs;tem lateant: <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> fluctus firmato <lb/>iuuabit opus ducere &longs;inuatum arcu <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> fluctus flexo quo robu<lb/>&longs;tius et ualidius fluctum ferat: et anchora pre&longs;idioque extrin<lb/>&longs;eco minus impigeat. </s> <s id="N407545">De his hactenus.</s> </p> <p id="N407548" type="main"> <s id="N40754A">Nunc quandoquidem tantis rebus agendis commeatu atque <lb/>impen&longs;a indigeas: dicendum e&longs;t de magi&longs;tratibus qui i&longs; a <lb/>&longs;uppeditent: quo in numero quæ&longs;tor: publicani: decumani <lb/>et generis eiu&longs;dem. </s> <s id="N407553">His <expan abbr="deb&etilde;tur">debentur</expan> h&etail;c horreum: ærarium: ar<lb/>mamentarium: emporium: naualia: equilia: Pauca &longs;unt qu&etail; <lb/>hic dicenda uideantur: non tamen negligenda. </s> <s id="N40755E">Nam hor<lb/>reum quidem &etail;rarium: <expan abbr="armam&etilde;tarium">armamentarium</expan> &longs;atis con&longs;tat media <lb/>es celeberrima e&longs;&longs;e ponendum parte urbis: quo tutiora et <lb/>promptiora &longs;int. </s> <s id="N40756B">Naualia propter incendia a ciuium ca&longs;is <lb/>&longs;emouenda. </s> <s id="N407570">Illud minime negligendum: quod integros ab &longs;o<lb/>lo <expan abbr="&longs;urg&etilde;tes">&longs;urgentes</expan>: et præter tecta &longs;e &longs;e extollentes toto &etail;dificio in<lb/>ter&longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e oportet parietes: qui populantes incendit flam<lb/>mas intercipiant: uetereque profu&longs;ius pertecta defluere. </s> <s id="N40757D">Em<lb/>poria ad mare: ad fluminum fauces: ad triuia militarium ul<lb/>arum &longs;taruentur: An naualia &longs;inus et aquarum conceptacu<lb/>la adiungentur: quo loci &longs;ubducenda: in&longs;tauranda: et mari <lb/>danda cla&longs;&longs;is recipiatur: I&longs;tic aqua ut a&longs;&longs;iduo agitetur mo<lb/>tu curandum e&longs;t: hau&longs;tro marce&longs;cunt merediano: æ&longs;tu fati<lb/>&longs;cunt nauigia: orientis radio &longs;eruantur. </s> <s id="N40758C">Tum horrea qu&etail;<lb/>uis &longs;eruandis rebus a&longs;truantur: con&longs;tant loci aeri&longs;que &longs;iccita<lb/>te <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> primis gaudere. </s> <s id="N407597">Sed de his prolixius cum de rebus pri<lb/>uatorum dicemus: ad quorum rationes ea maxime pertine<lb/>ant preter &longs;alaria. </s> <s id="N40759E">Etenim &longs;alaria &longs;ic &longs;tatuito. </s> <s id="N4075A1">Solum in&longs;ter<lb/>nito carbone ad cubitum atque <expan abbr="cõpen&longs;ato">compen&longs;ato</expan>. </s> <s id="N4075AA">Inde &longs;uper in&longs;pra<lb/>gito &longs;abulum creta pura &longs;ubactum palmos tris et complana<lb/>to po&longs;tremo latere u&longs;que ad <expan abbr="nigredin&etilde;">nigredinem</expan> decoro pauimentato <pb xlink:href="004/01/163.jpg"/>Latera <expan abbr="parietũ">parietum</expan> intima ducito ubi lateris i&longs;tiu&longs;modi copia <lb/>non e&longs;t: lapide quadrato <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tofinio neque rediuiuo &longs;eruatu<lb/>ra intermedio et alioquin pr&etail;duro et opus a pariete intror <lb/>&longs;um ad cubiti <expan abbr="&longs;patiũ">&longs;patium</expan> reducito: atque tignis coadiunctis et <lb/>clauis æris: aut potius in paginibus obnexis &longs;eptum statui<lb/>to. </s> <s id="N4075CF">Interuallum a materia ad <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> harundine <expan abbr="cõplecto">complecto</expan> <lb/>Maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodũ">immodum</expan> iuuabit materiam creta ex amurca com<lb/>macerata: et &longs;parto uincoque <expan abbr="cõfracto">confracto</expan> intermixto diluta&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="Cæterũ">Cæterum</expan> publica i&longs;tiu&longs;modi quauis ab furum et ho&longs;tium et <lb/>&longs;editio&longs;orum ciuium in&longs;idus: proteruia impetuque pror&longs;us <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e murorum: et turrium: et pre&longs;idiis munita oportet.</s> </p> <p id="N4075EF" type="main"> <s id="N4075F1">De publicorum operibus abunde uideor peregi&longs;&longs;e: ni illud <lb/>de&longs;it: quod quidem ad magi&longs;tratus ip&longs;os non in po&longs;tremis <lb/>pertinet: ut habeant quo loci eos <expan abbr="cõmittãt">committant</expan>: quos ob contu<lb/>maciam perfidiam improbitatemque puniendos iudicent: id <lb/><expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> non negligamus. </s> <s id="N407603">Carceris genera apud ueteres tria <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e inuenio. </s> <s id="N407608">Vnum quo immode&longs;ti et parum exculti <lb/>compellantur: ut noctu a doctis et probati&longs;&longs;imis bonarum <lb/>artium profe&longs;&longs;oribus condocefiant: quæ ad bonos mores et <lb/>uit&etail; <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> pertineant. </s> <s id="N407615">Alterum quo alieno &etail;re obnoxii: et <lb/>qui carceris tedio ab inita uit&etail; petulantia abterrendi &longs;unt <lb/>detineantur. </s> <s id="N40761C">Tertium quo immanes con&longs;celerati c&etail;lo: et <lb/><expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> c&etail;tu indigni: ac prope diem plectendi: ac tenebris <lb/>et pectori addicandi demandantur. </s> <s id="N407626">Po&longs;tremo hoc genus <lb/>carceris &longs;i fuerit <expan abbr="qui&longs;piã">qui&longs;piam</expan> quod &longs;ubterraneum <expan abbr="antrũ">antrum</expan> et horren<lb/>do &longs;epulchro &longs;imile <expan abbr="faciundũ">faciundum</expan> curarit: is quidem ad &longs;ontis <lb/><expan abbr="penã">penam</expan> nimirum &longs;pectabit magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> lex ip&longs;a aut <expan abbr="hoĩum">hominum</expan> ratio <lb/>po&longs;tulet: Nam et &longs;i perditi <expan abbr="homĩes">homines</expan> ultima omnia &longs;uis fla<lb/>gitiis mereantur: erit tamen et rei p. et principis officium <lb/>de pietate nihil demereri. </s> <s id="N407653">Eo &longs;at adeo &longs;it firma&longs;&longs;e opus pa<lb/>riete et <expan abbr="a&ptilde;tionibus">apertionibus</expan> et te&longs;tudine: ut eripe nu&longs;quam facile &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e conclu&longs;us po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s id="N40765A">Cui reri cra&longs;&longs;itudo et profunditas: et cel<lb/>&longs;itas operis grandibus: et praeduris lapidibus ferro et ære <pb xlink:href="004/01/164.jpg"/>iunctis <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> conferet. </s> <s id="N407667">Adde &longs;i uis et trabium et arduas <lb/>obretatas apertiones et eiu&longs;modi: tam et &longs;i minora et imbe<lb/>cilliora <expan abbr="omnĩo">omnino</expan> h&etail;c &longs;unt: <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut ea libertatis et &longs;alutis memor <lb/>nequeat refringere modo exequi &longs;inas <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> ad rem <expan abbr="perfici&etilde;dam">per<lb/>ficiendam</expan> naturæ et ingenii uiribus ualeat. </s> <s id="N407681">Ac pr&etail;clare qui<lb/>dem illi mihi uidentur admonere qui dicunt <expan abbr="adamãtinum">adamantinum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e carcerem cu&longs;todis aduigilantis oculum. </s> <s id="N40768C">Sed nos in re <lb/>liquis ueterum mores et in&longs;tituta pro&longs;equamur: illud faciat <lb/>ad rem carceribus ade&longs;&longs;e oportere ubi uentri pareant. </s> <s id="N407693">Vbi <lb/>etiam foco <expan abbr="refocill&etilde;tur">refocillentur</expan> ab&longs;que fumi et fetoris iniuria. </s> <s id="N40769C">Tum <lb/>de tota re carceris e&longs;t: ut &longs;ic &longs;tatua. </s> <s id="N4076A1">Aream in parte urbis <lb/>tuta et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> neglecta <expan abbr="cing&etilde;dam">cingendam</expan> muro ualido: alto nullis aper<lb/>tionibus inter&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o turribus et decur&longs;oriis munito: A mu<lb/>ro i&longs;toc intror&longs;um ad conclu&longs;orum parietes cubitos tres re<lb/>cedendum e&longs;t: quo excubi&etail; noctu obambientes coniurato <lb/>rum fugas intercipiant. </s> <s id="N4076B6">Medium uero quod ine&longs;t areæ &longs;pa<lb/>tium ita diuidendum: ut pro ue&longs;tibulo aula minime tri&longs;tis <lb/>paretur: qua ad cape&longs;cendam di&longs;ciplinam mi&longs;&longs;i cogantur. <lb/></s> <s id="N4076C0">Po&longs;t hac primos aditus cu&longs;todes armati intra cancellos et <lb/>ualli pr&etail;sidia occupent. </s> <s id="N4076C5">Subinde area &longs;ubdiualis &longs;tatuetur. <lb/></s> <s id="N4076C9">Aderunt hinc atque hinc adact&etail; porticus: quibus in cellas <lb/>plures pluribus <expan abbr="a&ptilde;tionibus">apertionibus</expan> propatulus a&longs;pectus detur. </s> <s id="N4076CE">Has <lb/>intra cellas decoctores et ære alieno obnoxii: non una <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> <lb/>&longs;ed di&longs;tincti a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur: Fronte habebitur carcer a&longs;tric<lb/>tior: quo minoribus criminibus rei mancipentur. </s> <s id="N4076DB">Vltimis <lb/>penetralibus capitales a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur.</s> </p> <p id="N4076E0" type="main"> <s id="N4076E2">Venio ad priuata &etail;dificia. </s> <s id="N4076E5">Domum alibi pu&longs;illam e&longs;&longs;e ur<lb/>bem diximus Ferme igitur &etail;que <expan abbr="oĩa">omnia</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> ea altruenda. </s> <s id="N4076F2"><expan abbr="cõ&longs;ide">con&longs;ide</expan><lb/>ra&longs;&longs;e oportebit: quæ circa urbis opus pertineant.: Vt &longs;it &longs;alu<lb/>berrima <expan abbr="h&etilde;at">habeat</expan> oportunitates: pre&longs;tet commoditates: Qu&etail; ad ui <lb/><expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <expan abbr="faeiãt">faciant</expan> pacate <expan abbr="trãqlle">tranquille</expan> atque laute <expan abbr="ag&etilde;dã">agendam</expan>. </s> <s id="N407711">I&longs;ta h&etail;c <expan abbr="oĩa">omnia</expan> &longs;uapte <lb/>natura <expan abbr="quænã">quænam</expan> &longs;unt et qualia e&longs;&longs;e et <expan abbr="cuiu&longs;mõi">cuiu&longs;modi</expan> oporteat multa <lb/>ex parte uideor <expan abbr="trã&longs;egi&longs;&longs;e">tran&longs;egi&longs;&longs;e</expan> libris &longs;uperioribus. </s> <s id="N40772A">Sed hic aliun<pb xlink:href="004/01/165.jpg"/>de &longs;umpto principio rem &longs;ic ordiemur: priuatam domum <lb/>familiæ gratia ponendam con&longs;tat: ut in ea commodi&longs;&longs;ime ac<lb/>quie&longs;cat / &longs;atis commoda <expan abbr="nequie&qtilde;">nequiequam</expan> erit &longs;edes ni &longs;ub <expan abbr="ei&longs;d&etilde;">ei&longs;dem</expan> te<lb/>ctis habeantur / quæcunque i&longs;torum gratia debeantur. </s> <s id="N40773F">Magnus <lb/>e&longs;t hominum in familia et rerum numerus quem non eque <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <lb/>urbe atque in agro ad arbitrium colloces. </s> <s id="N40774A">quid enim urbanis <lb/>ædificationibus euenit ut uicinus paries &longs;tillicidium publi<lb/>ca area uia et eiu&longs;modi pleraque omnia <expan abbr="impediãt /">impediant /</expan> quo minus <lb/>ip&longs;e tibi &longs;ati&longs;facias id in ru&longs;ticanis non euenit liberiora illic <lb/>præpedita i&longs;tic &longs;unt omnia: ergo cum aliis pleri&longs;que rationi<lb/>bus / tum etiam hac iuuat &longs;ic rem di&longs;tinguere / ut alia urba<lb/>na alia ru&longs;ticana e&longs;&longs;e: priuatis dicam ædificia i utri&longs;que aliud <lb/>tenuiores aliud opulentiores ciues exigunt: nanque tenuiores <lb/>quidem cohabitandi modum ex nece&longs;&longs;itate metiuntur / lau<lb/>tiores uix ex &longs;atietate finiunt libidini terminos. </s> <s id="N407763">At nos quæ <lb/>in quibu&longs;que bene con&longs;ulti moderatio comprobet referamus. <lb/></s> <s id="N407769">a facilioribus incipiendum cen&longs;eo. </s> <s id="N40776C">Ru&longs;ticana expeditiora <lb/>tum et diuites ad impen&longs;am ruri promptiores. </s> <s id="N407771">&longs;ed prius pau<lb/>ca breui&longs;&longs;ime repetamus quæ ad &longs;ummas uillae rationes fa<lb/>ciant ea &longs;unt eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N407779">Caelum calamito&longs;um / terram cario<lb/>&longs;am fugiendum medio in agro ad montis radices aquo&longs;a a<lb/>prica &longs;alubrique in regione / et &longs;alubri parte regionis aedifi<lb/>candum. </s> <s id="N407782">Tri&longs;te et in&longs;alubre caelum prae&longs;tare <expan abbr="arbitran&ttilde;">arbitrantur</expan> cum <lb/>caetera <expan abbr="ĩcõmoda">incommoda</expan> de quibus libro <expan abbr="prĩo">prino</expan> tran&longs;egimus <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> et &longs;iluas <lb/><expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;iores">den&longs;iores</expan> <expan abbr="prae&longs;ertĩ">prae&longs;ertim</expan> arboribus refertas quibus amarum &longs;it follium <lb/>quando illic nec uentis nec &longs;ole pertactus aer incrude&longs;cat. <lb/></s> <s id="N4077A3">tum et &longs;olum etiam &longs;terile atque in&longs;alubre a quo <expan abbr="tand&etilde;">tandem</expan> &longs;i quid <lb/>capias / erunt &longs;iluae uillam ea parte agri <expan abbr="habendã">habendam</expan> puto quae <lb/>urbanis cum domini aedibus belli&longs;&longs;ime condicat. </s> <s id="N4077B3">E&longs;t apud <lb/>zenophontem ad uillam <expan abbr="eundũ">eundum</expan> pedibus exercitu gratia / re<lb/>deundum equo. </s> <s id="N4077BE">Ergo erit non femora penitus ab urbe: e<lb/>ritque uia non difficili / non impedita / &longs;ed hibernis ae&longs;tiuis<lb/>que itionibus et &longs;ubuectionibus apta atque peroportuna / <lb/>&longs;eu id reda / &longs;eu pedibus / &longs;eu etiam naui forta&longs;&longs;is iuuet, <pb xlink:href="004/01/166.jpg"/>conferetque / &longs;i erit non aliena a porta urbis &longs;ed <expan abbr="proximiore/&qtilde;">proximiore / quae</expan> <lb/>commodius expeditiu&longs;que &longs;ine maiore ue&longs;tium apparatu et &longs;i <lb/>ne populo interprete po&longs;&longs;is cum coniuge et liberis urbemque <lb/>uillamque <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s">frequens</expan> ad arbitrium repetere <expan abbr="uillãque">uillamque</expan> habui&longs;se <lb/>condecet ea qua matutini radii oculis profici&longs;centium &longs;int <lb/>non infe&longs;ti / et ue&longs;pertini &longs;oles domum redeuntes non mole <lb/>&longs;tent. </s> <s id="N4077E3">Rur&longs;us habenda uilla e&longs;t loco non u&longs;que de&longs;tituto ne<lb/>glecto ignobili / &longs;ed eiu&longs;modi ut illic et fructus &longs;pe et cæli <lb/>amoenitate illecti habitent cum rerum copia et uitæ iocun<lb/>ditate et &longs;ine periculo. </s> <s id="N4077EC">Et ne item habenda quidem uilla <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> <lb/>loco nimium celebri / aut ad urbem / ad uiam <expan abbr="militar&etilde;">militarem</expan> et ad <lb/>portum adiuncta / ubi nauium numerus applicet &longs;ed collo<lb/>cabitur apte ut i&longs;tarum rerum uoluptas cum non de&longs;it tum <lb/>et res familiaris prætereuntium ho&longs;pitum frequentia haud <lb/>multo infe&longs;tetur. </s> <s id="N407801">Vento&longs;a inquiunt ueteres loca carere &longs;o<lb/>lent rubigine ro&longs;cida uero et conualles perflatum que <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ha<lb/>bentes eiu&longs;modi nocuis frequenter uitiantur: illud mihi <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;emper ubique locorum <expan abbr="probabi&ttilde;">probabitur</expan> quod aiunt ædificandum uil<lb/>lam ut &longs;pectet equinoctium &longs;olem orientem. </s> <s id="N40781A">nam i&longs;ta quæ <lb/>de &longs;olibus et aura feruntur pro regionum &longs;orte mutari <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> prom<lb/>ptu e&longs;t / ut non &longs;emper aquilo leuis neque hau&longs;ter ubique in&longs;a<lb/>lubris &longs;it. </s> <s id="N407829">perdocte quidem cel&longs;us phy&longs;icus uentos <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">omnes</expan> a&longs;&longs;e <lb/>rebat qui amari cadan: e&longs;&longs;e den&longs;iores: qui autem a mediter<lb/>raneis <expan abbr="ueniãt">ueniant</expan> <expan abbr="nũ&qtilde;">nunquam</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;&longs;e leuiores: et <expan abbr="uitãdas">uitandas</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;torum">uentorum</expan> <expan abbr="grã">gratia</expan> pri<lb/>mas fauces <expan abbr="ualliũ">uallium</expan> cen&longs;eo: nam illic uenti nimium frigentes <lb/>&longs;unt / &longs;i per umbram ueniunt / aut nimium æ&longs;tuo&longs;i ubi per con<lb/>&longs;tratum et collu&longs;tratum ab multo &longs;ole applicent. </s> <s id="N407856">Sed cum <lb/>uillarum tecta alia &longs;unt quæ ingenui / alia quæ ad&longs;trictii <lb/>globe incolant. </s> <s id="N40785D"><expan abbr="horũque">horumque</expan> altera emolumenti cau&longs;a in primis <lb/>con&longs;tituta: altera forta&longs;&longs;is animi gratia adducta uideantur: <lb/>de his quæ agrum apprime &longs;pectant tran&longs;igamus: horum te<lb/>cta <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> longe ab herilibus e&longs;&longs;e oportet / quo <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> horas quæ qui&longs;que <lb/>agat: et quæ facto &longs;int opus intelligant. </s> <s id="N407873">huius quidem par<lb/>tis tectorum proprium e&longs;t ut per eam fructus qui ex agro po&longs;&longs;it <pb xlink:href="004/01/167.jpg"/>capi parentur <expan abbr="colligan&ttilde;">colligantur</expan> atque &longs;eruentur: ni <expan abbr="po&longs;tremũ">po&longs;tremum</expan> hoc. </s> <s id="N407884">i. <lb/></s> <s id="N407888">collecta ut &longs;erues: herilium urbanarumque e&longs;&longs;e munus ædium <lb/>putas magis <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> prædit ru&longs;ticani: i&longs;ta perficies hominum ma<lb/>nu in&longs;trumentorum copia / et in primis uillici indu&longs;tria et dili<lb/>gentia. </s> <s id="N407895">Manum ru&longs;ticam po&longs;uere ueteres hominum ferme. <lb/></s> <s id="N407899">XV. horum igitur gratia habere oportet: quo loci algentes fo <lb/>ueas aut tempe&longs;tatibus ab opere depul&longs;os recipias ut cibum <lb/>capiant / ut acquie&longs;cant / ut comparent quæ u&longs;ui futura &longs;unt <lb/>Ergo parabitur culina ampla minime ob&longs;cura ab <expan abbr="inc&etilde;dii">incendii</expan> pe<lb/>riculis tuta cum furno foco aqua et cloaca intra culinam ta<lb/>blinum ubi hone&longs;tiores <expan abbr="pernoct&etilde;t / ubi">pernoctent / ubi</expan> ci&longs;tam panariam / per <lb/><expan abbr="nam / lardũque">nam / lardumque</expan> in quotidianos u&longs;us <expan abbr="&longs;eru&etilde;t">&longs;eruent</expan>. reliqui ita <expan abbr="di&longs;tribuan&ttilde;">di&longs;tribu<lb/>antur</expan> ut &longs;uis quibus qui&longs;que præ&longs;it rebus curandis pre&longs;to &longs;int: <lb/>uillicus ad <expan abbr="ianuã">ianuam</expan> primariam: ne quid noctu &longs;e in&longs;cio <expan abbr="q&longs;piã">qui&longs;piam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="progredia&ttilde;/aut">progrediatur / aut</expan> a&longs;portet quippiam. </s> <s id="N4078CC">bubulci pro &longs;tabulis ne <lb/>quid eorum ce&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> ubi res po&longs;tulet. </s> <s id="N4078D5">Hæc de <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>manu hactenus in&longs;trumenta alia animata ut quadrupedes: <lb/>alia muta ut uehicula / ferramenta et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N4078E0">i&longs;torum gratia <lb/>ad culinam adiungetur teges immodica: &longs;ub qua plo&longs;trum <lb/>traham / burram / iuga / ci&longs;tas fenarias / et eiu&longs;modi colligas <lb/>&longs;pectabit teges <expan abbr="meridi&etilde;">meridiem</expan> quo <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> illic familia per <expan abbr="brumã">brumam</expan> <expan abbr="aga&ttilde;">agatur</expan> <lb/>dies fe&longs;tos in &longs;ole. </s> <s id="N4078FB">et <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> plero ac torculari <expan abbr="&longs;paciũ">&longs;pacium</expan> <expan abbr="expediti&longs;&longs;imũ">expedi<lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum</expan> et <expan abbr="ppurgati&longs;&longs;imũ">perpurgati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: aderit et <expan abbr="cõclaue">conclaue</expan> ubi alueolus / ca<lb/>latus / orbiculi / funis / &longs;arculus / bidentes et generis eiu&longs;dem <lb/><expan abbr="condan&ttilde;">condantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="in&longs;arcian&ttilde;">in&longs;arciantur</expan>: <expan abbr="intrabiũ">i trabium</expan> <expan abbr="trã&longs;tris">tran&longs;tris</expan> et <expan abbr="iugam&etilde;tis / quæ">iugamentis / quæ</expan> <lb/>ad <expan abbr="teget&etilde;">tegetem</expan> &longs;int crates <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ternen&ttilde;">con&longs;ternentur</expan> illic uectes / perticas / hi&longs;taleas <lb/>uirgas / &longs;armenta / et <expan abbr="frond&etilde;/et">frondem / et</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;aginam&etilde;ta">&longs;aginamenta</expan> <expan abbr="boũ">boum</expan> et canabis et <lb/><expan abbr="linũ">linum</expan> rude / et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="collocabũ&ttilde;">collocabuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40794B"><expan abbr="Quadrupedũ">Quadrupedum</expan> duo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> ge<lb/>nera operarium ut bos iumentum / et <expan abbr="fructuariũ">fructuarium</expan> ut porca pe<lb/>cus capra omneque armentum. </s> <s id="N40795D">De operariis prius quando <lb/>in&longs;trumenti poti&longs;&longs;imum loco &longs;int: mox de frutcuarii&longs; / quæ <lb/>ad uillici indu&longs;triam pertinent. </s> <s id="N407964">Bubilia et equilia caueto ne <lb/>per <expan abbr="hiem&etilde;">hiemem</expan> &longs;int algida præ&longs;epia con&longs;epito ne <expan abbr="pabulũ">pabulum</expan> <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;ipet">di&longs;&longs;ipet</expan> <lb/>Equis facito ex &longs;ublimi &longs;tramenta pendeant / ut &longs;tantes &longs;ub <pb xlink:href="004/01/168.jpg"/>lata ceruice non &longs;ine adhibito innixu decarpant: fiant enim <lb/>ea re capite &longs;icciore / et &longs;capulis agilioribus contra <expan abbr="hordeũ">hordeum</expan> <lb/>et &longs;emina prebeto ut ex infima &longs;crobæ hauriant: minus enim <lb/>ingurgitabunt intemperanter: et minus integra &longs;emina co<lb/><expan abbr="eorabũt">eo<lb/>rabunt</expan>: et præterea torulis pectoribusque reddentur firmiores <lb/>et robu&longs;tiores. </s> <s id="N40798C">Omnino prouidendum ne paries ad præ&longs;epe <lb/>fronti aduer&longs;us &longs;it humectus: craneo e&longs;t equus tenui et hu<lb/>moris frigori&longs;que impatienti: eo fene&longs;træ ne lunæ radios <expan abbr="ad/mittant">ad<lb/>mittant</expan> caueto: album oculo inducit luna et tu&longs;&longs;im <expan abbr="grau&etilde;">grauem</expan> <lb/>et &longs;aucio pecori lunæ radius pe&longs;tis e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N40799B">Bobus depre&longs;&longs;a poni<lb/>to quæ tacentes manducent. </s> <s id="N4079A0">Focum &longs;i &longs;pectabunt iumenta <lb/>fient horrida: bos hominibus obiectis hilare&longs;cit. </s> <s id="N4079A5">Mula ca<lb/>lenti tenebro&longs;oue habita loco in&longs;anit. </s> <s id="N4079AA">Sunt qui <expan abbr="mulã">mulam</expan> putent <lb/>&longs;atis tecto opertam e&longs;&longs;e / &longs;i caput opertum &longs;it: cæteras partes <lb/>corporis aeri et frigori obiiciendas. </s> <s id="N4079B5">Bobus pauimenta lapi<lb/>dea &longs;ub&longs;ternito ne ungulæ illuuiæ putre&longs;cant. </s> <s id="N4079BA">equis <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ta">pauimen<lb/>ta</expan> &longs;ubfodito et liceis aut pluteis robu&longs;teis / fo&longs;&longs;am operito / <lb/>ne urinæ lutamentis commade&longs;cant et contrepidatu <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ta">pauimen<lb/>ta</expan> atque unguem attritam reddat. </s> <s id="N4079CB">Villici indu&longs;tria <expan abbr="uer&longs;abi&ttilde;">uer&longs;abitur</expan> <lb/>non in eo modo ut tantum ex agro colligat: uerum et in pri<lb/>mis exanimante quadrupede / alite / pi&longs;ce dicendum breui&longs;&longs;i<lb/>me. </s> <s id="N4079D8">Armentaria &longs;epta loco &longs;icco et minime uligino&longs;o poni <lb/>eo &longs;olum eruderato et procliue ducito ut euerri facile po&longs;&longs;et <lb/>purum <expan abbr="fieri / partĩ">fieri / partim</expan> operito <expan abbr="ea / partĩ">ea / partim</expan> &longs;ub diuo &longs;inito hau&longs;ter no<lb/>ctu humectaue aura / ne pecus pertingat / neue <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> alii infe<lb/>ftent <expan abbr="u&etilde;ti">uenti</expan> prouideto. </s> <s id="N4079F3">Lepori <expan abbr="profundior&etilde;">profundiorem</expan> ad <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> u&longs;que parietem <lb/>lapide obducito <expan abbr="&qtilde;drato">quadrato</expan> area &longs;abulo ma&longs;culo locis plu&longs;culis <lb/>excreta cimolea tumulos excitato. </s> <s id="N407A06">Gallinis dato in cohorte <lb/>porticulum ad meridiem con&longs;per&longs;um plurimo puluere cine<lb/>ricio: &longs;upraque id <expan abbr="nidarũ">nidarum</expan> adigito: et perticam ubi &longs;e noctu <lb/>colligant. </s> <s id="N407A13">Sunt qui gallinas magnis caueis loco haberi con<lb/>&longs;epto iubent qui orientem &longs;pectet. </s> <s id="N407A18">Sed quæ ouorum gratia <lb/>et prolis habeantur / ueluti libertate alachriores &longs;unt / ita et <lb/>foecundiores in umbra et conclu&longs;o exortum ouum di&longs;&longs;ipet. <pb xlink:href="004/01/169.jpg"/>Palumbariam &longs;ecundum aquam con&longs;picuam: et moderate <lb/>&longs;ublimen ponito: quo fo&longs;&longs;a uolitando ales: et ludens qua&longs;i <lb/>alarum pale&longs;tra et plau&longs;u: pronis alis labens gaudeat appel<lb/>lere. </s> <s id="N407A29">Sunt qui dicant <expan abbr="palumbã">palumbam</expan> de &longs;umpta ex aruo e&longs;ca: quo <lb/>plus uiæ et laboris &longs;uos ad natos rediens pertulerit / eo pul<lb/>los pleniores dare: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quod allata gurgite <expan abbr="&longs;emĩa">&longs;emina</expan> quibu&longs; <lb/>prolem nutriat &longs;emicocta fecerit mora: eaque de re palumba<lb/>riam arduo in loco po&longs;itam probant: tum et forta&longs;&longs;is pre&longs;ta<lb/>re <expan abbr="arbitran&ttilde;">arbitrantur</expan> palumbariam longe habere ab aquis: ne oua pe<lb/>dibus madidis refrigerent. </s> <s id="N407A48">Ad turrim in angulis tinuncu<lb/>lum alitem &longs;i conclu&longs;eris / ab accipitrum <expan abbr="ĩiuria">iniuria</expan> fiet ille&longs;ior <lb/>Lupinum caput cimino a&longs;per&longs;um urceo conditum rimo&longs;o: <lb/>ut nidorem &longs;piret / &longs;i intra aditum infoderis: fiet ut pluri<lb/>mus eo palumbus confluat: maiorum &longs;edibus relietis paui <lb/>mentum &longs;i excreta feceris et urina hominis iterum atque <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> <lb/>a&longs;per&longs;eris / numerum adaugebit, pro fene&longs;tris coronæ lapideæ <lb/>aut tabulæ oleagineæ applicentur <expan abbr="promin&etilde;tes">prominentes</expan> <expan abbr="cubitũ">cubitum</expan>: quo <lb/>&longs;e ales e ue&longs;tibulo recipiat / et rur&longs;us euolet.</s> </p> <p id="N407A6B" type="main"> <s id="N407A6D">Minores conclu&longs;æ auiculæ arborum atque celi pro&longs;pectu con<lb/>tabe&longs;cunt. </s> <s id="N407A72">Cubilia et areolæ alitibus coaptabuntur locis te<lb/>pentibus, his uero quæ magis ambulent <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> uolent depre&longs;<lb/>&longs;a: et ip&longs;o in &longs;olo apponentur: ceteris demum altiora collo<lb/>cabuntur. </s> <s id="N407A7F">&longs;ingula &longs;pondulis <expan abbr="cohercebun&ttilde;">cohercebuntur</expan> ouorum / et pullici<lb/>norum continendorum gratia. </s> <s id="N407A88">Cubiculorum operibus &longs;utum <lb/>commodius calce / et calx gyp&longs;o. </s> <s id="N407A8F">Lapis omnis rediuius noxi<lb/>us te&longs;ta utilior tofo&longs;i modice excocta &longs;it. </s> <s id="N407A94">materia ex popu<lb/>lo aut abiete utilima. </s> <s id="N407A99">Alitibu&longs; omnibu&longs; &longs;tabula e&longs;&longs;e oportet <lb/>illu&longs;tria / pura / pura / munda / pre&longs;ertim palumbarum: quin <lb/>et quadrupede&longs; <expan abbr="ĩmundi&longs;&longs;ime">immundi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> accubet: &longs;caber fiet: ergo <expan abbr="fiãt">fiant</expan> <lb/>te&longs;tudinata / toti&longs; parietibu&longs; illita / et leuigata tectorio mar<lb/>morato: et diligenter <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> ob&longs;truantur: ne fele&longs; / mu&longs; / lacer<lb/>ta / et eiu&longs;modi nocuæ be&longs;tiolæ / oui&longs; / pulli&longs;: aut parietibu&longs; <lb/>&longs;int infe&longs;tæ / addentur e&longs;cariæ aquariæque. </s> <s id="N407AB4">Ideo circa uillam <lb/><expan abbr="duce&ttilde;">ducetur</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a: qua an&longs;er / anax / et &longs;us / et bo&longs; prolui pro fundique <pb xlink:href="004/01/170.jpg"/>po&longs;&longs;it: et ubi e&longs;cam &longs;umant curabitur: ut cælo <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> pluuio <lb/>et turbato lauti&longs;&longs;imque fiant &longs;aturæ. </s> <s id="N407AC6">Alitum minorum &longs;tabulis <lb/>aquaria e&longs;cariaque conceptacula / circa parietem <expan abbr="adigen&ttilde;">adigentur</expan> ca<lb/>nalibus / ita ut nec di&longs;pergere nec sedare immi&longs;&longs;a ualeant. <lb/></s> <s id="N407AD2">Ex his fi&longs;tulæ extrin&longs;ecus <expan abbr="patebũt">patebunt</expan>: quibus uictus immi&longs;&longs;us <lb/>&longs;uppeditentur in medio lauacrum / quo abunde aqua <expan abbr="n&etilde;">ne</expan> im<lb/>pura influat. </s> <s id="N407AE1">Pi&longs;cinam creto&longs;o in&longs;olo infundito / profundio<lb/>rem <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> ut &longs;olis radio uicta perferue&longs;cat / aut gelet frigore <lb/>tum et cauernas circa latus aperito: quo etiam &longs;ubitis turba<lb/>tionibus tumultuans confugiat / ne animis de&longs;titutis conta<lb/>be&longs;cat / telluris &longs;uccu pi&longs;cis alitur / e&longs;tu acriore languet: ge<lb/>latu interimitur: meridianos ad &longs;oles &longs;oluitur alachritate. <lb/></s> <s id="N407AF3">Credunt luto&longs;as himbrium aquas / interdum excipi / non in <lb/>commode / &longs;ed primæ po&longs;t caniculum <expan abbr="exclud&etilde;dæ">excludendæ</expan>: quod <expan abbr="&longs;apiãt">&longs;apiant</expan> <lb/>calcem / pi&longs;cemque enecent: et deinceps raræ immittendæ / quod <lb/>fetenri mu&longs;co aquam / et pi&longs;cem latitudine inficiant: illud <lb/>curandum ut perennis in periret atque re&longs;piret aqua ex fonte / <lb/></s> <s id="N407B0C">Fluuio / lacu / mari. </s> <s id="N407B11">Sed de maritimis pi&longs;cinis amplius uete<lb/>res percommode monent &longs;ic limo&longs;a inquiunt regio planum <lb/>edicat pi&longs;cem: ut &longs;oleam / et conchilia hareuo&longs;a. </s> <s id="N407B18">cæteros pe<lb/>lagios pa&longs;cit melius / ut auratus et dentices. </s> <s id="N407B1F">Saxa turdos et <lb/>merulas / et qui inter &longs;axa nati &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N407B26">Demum &longs;tagnum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>aiunt optimum pi&longs;cinis quod &longs;it po&longs;itum ut in&longs;equens ma<lb/>ris unda / priorem &longs;ubmoueat / nec intra con&longs;eptum &longs;inat re<lb/>manere <expan abbr="ueter&etilde;">ueterem</expan> <expan abbr="pigrulentã">pigrulentam</expan>. </s> <s id="N407B37">Minus enim cocale&longs;cere aquas <expan abbr="ducũt">du<lb/>cunt</expan> quæ &longs;en&longs;i <expan abbr="ĩnou&etilde;&ttilde;">innouentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407B43">hactenus de <expan abbr="ĩdu&longs;tria">indu&longs;tria</expan> uillici <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> <lb/>multis rebus: &longs;ed <expan abbr="maxĩe">maxime</expan> quod facit ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> me&longs;&longs;ibus fructibus<lb/>que <expan abbr="collig&etilde;dis">colligendis</expan> atque <expan abbr="eõd&etilde;dis">condendis</expan> <expan abbr="proba&ttilde;">probatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407B68">horum <expan abbr="grã">gratia</expan> <expan abbr="arcã">arcam</expan> <expan abbr="frum&etilde;tariã">frumentariam</expan> pa&longs;<lb/>&longs;e optet: &longs;olibus et <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> <expan abbr="patulã">patulam</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> longius a tegete de <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> nuper <lb/>diximus quo &longs;ubitis ob ortis nimbis pos&longs;is &longs;eruitia <expan abbr="collectãque &longs;picã">collectamque <lb/>&longs;picam</expan> leui <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> ad <expan abbr="optũ">opertum</expan> &longs;ubducere. </s> <s id="N407B9A">Vbi <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> facias &longs;ter<lb/>nito <expan abbr="&longs;olũ">&longs;olum</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad <expan abbr="libellã/">libellam /</expan> &longs;ed leuiter <expan abbr="ca&longs;tigatũ">ca&longs;tigatum</expan> et confodito: po<lb/>&longs;tea amurca conspergito bene &longs;initoque cobibat po&longs;tea <expan abbr="cõminuito">comminuito</expan> <lb/>bene glebis deinde chilidro aut palnicula coequato et paliculi&longs; <lb/>uerberato po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&dtilde;nuo">dnuo</expan> amucra con&longs;pergito <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> aruerit neque mus <pb xlink:href="004/01/171.jpg"/>neque formica nidum faciet: neque lute&longs;cet: neque hærba <lb/>na&longs;cetur. </s> <s id="N407BC9">Creta huic operi plurimum afferet &longs;oliditatis. </s> <s id="N407BCC">De <lb/>a&longs;criptitiorum tectis hactenus. </s> <s id="N407BD1">Herilem uillam &longs;unt qui di<lb/>cant aliam æ&longs;tiuam e&longs;&longs;e: aliam hibernam: atque &longs;ic diffini<lb/>ant: ut cubicula hiemis &longs;pectent brumalem orientem: cena<lb/>tio <expan abbr="æquinoctial&etilde;">æquinoctialem</expan> <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan>. </s> <s id="N407BE3">Cubilia uero æ&longs;tiua <expan abbr="meridi&etilde;">meridiem</expan>: <lb/>cenatio hibernum orientem: ambulatio ad <expan abbr="meridianũ">meridianum</expan> æqui <lb/>noctium expo&longs;ita &longs;it. </s> <s id="N407BF2">Sed ea nos pro coeli regioni&longs;que mo<lb/>do alibi atque alibi aliter habenda cen&longs;emu&longs;: quoad frigida <lb/>calidis: et uda &longs;iccis contemperentur. </s> <s id="N407BF9">Cæterum tecta inge<lb/>nuorum uelim occupent locum agri non feraci&longs;&longs;imum: &longs;ed <lb/>alioquin digni&longs;&longs;imum: unde omnis auræ &longs;olis a&longs;pectu&longs;que <lb/><expan abbr="cõmoditas">commoditas</expan> et uoluptas liberrime capiatur / faciles ad &longs;e ex <lb/>agro porrigit aditus. </s> <s id="N407C07">Venientem <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&etilde;">ho&longs;pitem</expan> hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis ex<lb/>cipiet &longs;patiis: <expan abbr="&longs;pectabi&ttilde;">&longs;pectabitur</expan> &longs;pectabitque urbem / oppida / mare / <lb/>fu&longs;amque planitiem / et nota collium montiumque capita / hor<lb/>torum delitia&longs; / pi&longs;cationum uenationumque illecebras &longs;ub ocu<lb/>lis habebit expo&longs;itas. </s> <s id="N407C1A">Quomque uti diximus <expan abbr="ædiũ">ædium</expan> partes aliæ <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum: aliæ plurimorum: aliæ &longs;ingulorum &longs;int: in his quæ <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum &longs;unt imitabuntur. </s> <s id="N407C25">ædes principum &longs;patia <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>pro foribus u&longs;urpabit ampli&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="curriculorũ">curriculorum</expan> <expan abbr="eque&longs;triũquecertaminum">eque&longs;triumque <lb/>certaminum</expan>: quæ iuuentutis iaculum et &longs;agittam <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> exu<lb/>perentur. </s> <s id="N407C3E">Intra fores itidem quæ plurimorum &longs;unt non <expan abbr="deerũt">de<lb/>erunt</expan> ambulationes / ge&longs;tationes / natationes / et areæ / cum <expan abbr="uir&etilde;tes / tum">ui<lb/>rentes / tum</expan> &longs;iccæ / et porticus / et emicycli: quibus ad grato&longs; <lb/>per brumam &longs;oles &longs;enes <expan abbr="confabul&etilde;tur">confabulentur</expan>: et familia diem agat <lb/>fe&longs;tum: æ&longs;tate fruantur umbra. </s> <s id="N407C53">Atqui con&longs;tat quidem <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> ædi<lb/>bu&longs; alia deberi familiæ: alia rebus hi&longs; quæ familiæ grata ha<lb/>beantur. </s> <s id="N407C5E">Familiam con&longs;tituent uir et uxor liberi et <expan abbr="par&etilde;tes">parentes</expan> <lb/>et qui horum u&longs;u una diuer&longs;entur / curatores / mini&longs;tri / &longs;er<lb/>ui / tum et <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&etilde;">ho&longs;pitem</expan> familia non excludit. </s> <s id="N407C6D">Familiæ gratia ha<lb/>benda &longs;unt quæ ad <expan abbr="uictũ/ut">uictum / ut</expan> e&longs;ca: et quæ ad u&longs;um / ut ue&longs;ti&longs;: <lb/>arma: libri: atque etiam equus. </s> <s id="N407C7A">Omnium pars primaria ea <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> <lb/>quam &longs;eu cauam ædium &longs;eu <expan abbr="atriũ">atrium</expan> putes dici: nos &longs;inum ap<pb xlink:href="004/01/172.jpg"/>pellabimus / proxima ueniunt cenacula: &longs;ubinde habentur <lb/>quæ &longs;ingulorum &longs;unt cubicula. </s> <s id="N407C8D">Po&longs;trema exi&longs;tant concla<lb/>uia: reliqua ip&longs;is ex rebus note&longs;cunt. </s> <s id="N407C92">Itaque &longs;inus pars erit <lb/>primaria, in quam cætera omnia minora membra ueluti in <lb/>publicum ædis forum confluant: ex qua ue non aditus mo<lb/>do commodi&longs;&longs;imus / uerum et luminum etiam commodita<lb/>tes apti&longs;&longs;ime importentur: hinc apparet &longs;inum quemque &longs;ibi <lb/>optare amplum <expan abbr="&longs;patium / apertum / dignũ/promptum">&longs;patium / apertum / dignun / promptum</expan>. </s> <s id="N407CA3">Sed <lb/>&longs;inu alii contenti uno &longs;unt: alii plures producere pro&longs;ecuti <lb/>&longs;unt: ho&longs;que aut quoque undique altis parietibus aut partim <lb/>præ altis / partim humilioribus parietibus <expan abbr="cõclu&longs;ere">conclu&longs;ere</expan>. </s> <s id="N407CB0">Et uo<lb/>luere alibi opertos e&longs;&longs;e tecto: alibi &longs;ub diuo: alibi partim oper<lb/>tos / partim nudos: alibi uno latere / alibi pluribus: alibi <expan abbr="oĩbus">omni<lb/>bus</expan> lateribus porticum adiunxere: alibi in &longs;olo coæquan<lb/>dos: alibi &longs;ub te&longs;tudinato po&longs;uere <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;to">pauimento</expan>. </s> <s id="N407CC5">Circa hæc ni<lb/>hil plus dico / ni&longs;i ut <expan abbr="regionũ">regionum</expan> et tempe&longs;tatum et u&longs;us et <expan abbr="oĩs">omnibus</expan> <lb/>commoditatis ratio adhibeatur: ita ut frigenti regione acer<lb/>bitas boreæ et aeris &longs;olique horror: æ&longs;tuo&longs;a autem &longs;ub pla<lb/>ga mole&longs;ti &longs;oles excludantur: coeli &longs;piritus grati&longs;&longs;imus ad<lb/>mittatur: et lucis <expan abbr="iucũdi&longs;&longs;imæ">iucundi&longs;&longs;imæ</expan> quantum par &longs;it copia omni <lb/>ex parte influat: prouidebiturque ne quid abuligine &longs;oli no<lb/>xium in&longs;udans officiat: ne quid ue ex &longs;uperioribus deuolu<lb/>ti nimbi obliment. </s> <s id="N407CE4">Patebitque in medium &longs;inum aditus et <lb/>ue&longs;tibulum hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imus minime arctus: minime arduus: <lb/>minime ob&longs;curus: aderitque primario obtutu religioni di<lb/>catum &longs;acrarium cum ara propalam: quo loci ingre&longs;&longs;us ho<lb/>&longs;pes religionem ineat amicitiæ et domum: p. f. <expan abbr="repet&etilde;s">repetens</expan> pa<lb/>cem a &longs;uperis et &longs;uorum tranquillitatem po&longs;cat: i&longs;toc &longs;alu<lb/>tantes amplexabitur: &longs;iqua erunt arbitria de con&longs;ilio pen&longs;i<lb/>tabit amicorum et huiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N407CFE">Cum his conuenient &longs;pecu<lb/>laria fene&longs;trarum: meniani porticus: quibus una &longs;pectandi <lb/>cum uoluptate et &longs;oles et auras prout tempora po&longs;tulabunt <lb/>hauriant. </s> <s id="N407D07">Hibernis inquit Martialis obiecta noctis &longs;pecu<lb/>laria &longs;oles Admittunt puros / et &longs;ine fece diem. </s> <s id="N407D0C">Et <expan abbr="porticũ">porticum</expan> <pb xlink:href="004/01/173.jpg"/>ueteres ad meridiem ponendam cen&longs;uere / quod æ&longs;tate &longs;ol &longs;ub <lb/>limiore <expan abbr="ambi&etilde;s">ambiens</expan> cyclo non <expan abbr="ĩmittat">immittat</expan> radios: hieme &longs;ubimmit<lb/>tat. </s> <s id="N407D23">Montium pro&longs;pectus qui &longs;unt ad meridiem quod ea parte <lb/>qua &longs;pectantur umbra operti &longs;int: quod que <expan abbr="alb&etilde;te">albente</expan> eius coeli ua<lb/>pore caligantes reddantur non u&longs;que iucundos præbent / &longs;i <lb/>longe di&longs;tent. </s> <s id="N407D30">At <expan abbr="&longs;id&etilde;">iidem</expan> proximiores et qua&longs;i in caput incum<lb/>bentes &longs;i &longs;int / pruino&longs;as præbent noctes et umbras prægeli<lb/>das: alioquin ex propinquo grati&longs;&longs;imi: et quod hau&longs;tros inter<lb/>cludant commodi&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt. </s> <s id="N407D3D">Pro <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trione">&longs;eptentrione</expan> proximus <expan abbr="mõs">mons</expan> <lb/>radium &longs;olis remittens uaporem adauget: di&longs;tans uero et pro<lb/>cul po&longs;itus lati&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t. </s> <s id="N407D4C"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> aeris puritate quæ &longs;ub ea coe<lb/>li plaga perpetuo &longs;erena uiget et &longs;olis fulgore quo <expan abbr="perfũdi">perfundi<lb/>tur</expan> / illu&longs;tris et mirifice &longs;pectatus redditur. </s> <s id="N407D5A">Sub&longs;olam mon<lb/>tes proximi frigentes horas anticulanas occidui <expan abbr="rorulãtem">rorulantem</expan> <lb/>auroram præbent: ambo ex medio interuallo fe&longs;tiui&longs;&longs;imi. <lb/></s> <s id="N407D66">Itidem et flumina et lacus: neque <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> commoda <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> pro<lb/>pinqua / neque &longs;unt iucunda / ubi nimium di&longs;tent. </s> <s id="N407D73">At contra <lb/>mare ex mediocri &longs;patio &longs;oles impuros flat: ex proximo mi<lb/>nus ledit / quando æquabiliore per&longs;eueret aere. </s> <s id="N407D7A">Ex longin<lb/>quo illud in&longs;uper ad <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan> confert quod de&longs;iderium ciet &longs;ui. <lb/></s> <s id="N407D84">Tamen intere&longs;t qua coeli parte &longs;e&longs;e o&longs;tentet. </s> <s id="N407D87">nam patens a <lb/>meridie adurit mare: &longs;ub oriente humectat: ad occidentem <lb/>caligat: ex <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trione">&longs;eptemtrione</expan> præfriget. </s> <s id="N407D92">Ex &longs;inu dabitur in cenacu<lb/>la ingre&longs;&longs;us. </s> <s id="N407D97">Ea erunt pro u&longs;us necce&longs;&longs;itare alia æ&longs;tiua alia <lb/>hiberna / alia ut ita loquar / medioxuma. </s> <s id="N407D9C">Ae&longs;tiuis cenaculis <lb/>aquam <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan>primis et hortorum uiridia po&longs;cunt: hibernis tepo<lb/>rem et focum. </s> <s id="N407DA7">In utri&longs;que amplitudo / hilaritas atque lautities <lb/>optatur. </s> <s id="N407DAC">Sunt <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> quibus facile per&longs;uadeas focos apud <lb/>maiores fui&longs;&longs;e non quales habere a&longs;&longs;ueuimus. </s> <s id="N407DB5">Et fumant in<lb/>quit ille culmina tecti. </s> <s id="N407DBA">Id præter ethruriam et galliam ad <lb/>hæc u&longs;que tempora ob&longs;eruatum per uniuer&longs;am italiam uide<lb/>mus / ut nullæ haberentur fumi ex rectis gulæ. </s> <s id="N407DC1">Triclinus <lb/>arebat Vitrurius hibernis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t utilis camerarum coronario <lb/>ope &longs;ubtilis ornatus quod ab ignis fumo et crebris fuliginibus <pb xlink:href="004/01/174.jpg"/>corrumpantur. </s> <s id="N407DD2">Quin et cameram &longs;upra focum atramento <lb/>illinibant: ut atrum id pictura inductum pro fumo uideretur <lb/>Alibi reperio lignis uti &longs;olitos purgatis u&longs;que ut fumo e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>immunes: quæ cocta nuncupabantur: eiu&longs;que rei gratia in <lb/>lignorum appellatione iuri&longs;con&longs;ultos cocta non uenire cen&longs;u <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e: ut po&longs;&longs;is arbitrari focis u&longs;os mobilibus ex ære ferro ue <lb/>prout cuiu&longs;que res et dignitas po&longs;tulabat. </s> <s id="N407DE3">Et forta&longs;&longs;is ca<lb/>&longs;tren&longs;e id genus hominum / et duratum militia / uti ad <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>omnes erant foco minus utebantur. </s> <s id="N407DEE">Neque <expan abbr="concedũt">concedunt</expan> phy&longs;ici <lb/>ut a&longs;&longs;idue multo utamur igne. </s> <s id="N407DF7">Aiebat Ari&longs;toteles carnium <lb/>&longs;oliditatem in animante con&longs;tare a frigore. </s> <s id="N407DFC">Et notarunt qui <lb/>i&longs;ta profitentur fabros qui officinis ignariis <expan abbr="exerceãtur">exerceantur</expan> fer <lb/>me omnes uultu et cute admodum rugo&longs;a et cri&longs;pa reddi: <lb/>idque fieri ea re <expan abbr="atte&longs;ian&ttilde;">atte&longs;tantur</expan> quod cloacas gelu planitudines et &longs;uc<lb/>cus quo caro fiat <expan abbr="collique&ttilde;">colliquetur</expan> igne: atque uaporibus euane&longs;cat. <lb/></s> <s id="N407E14">Apud germanos et cholco&longs; alibi ue ubi ignium auxilio con<lb/>tra rigores <expan abbr="frigorũ">frigorum</expan> opus e&longs;t concalefacto utuntur conclaui: <lb/>de quo &longs;uo dicetur loco. </s> <s id="N407E1F">Ad focum redeamus. </s> <s id="N407E22">Sunt quæ ad <lb/>foci u&longs;um pertineant hæc: ut promptus extet: ut plures una <lb/>foueat: luminis habeat &longs;atis: uentorum nihil: habebit tamen <lb/>qua re&longs;piret &longs;umus: alioquin non <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cenderet">con&longs;cenderet</expan>. </s> <s id="N407E2F">Ergo non in <lb/>angulum: non multo intra parietem cogetur: non <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> pri<lb/>mores conuiuarum men&longs;as occupabit. </s> <s id="N407E3A">Apertionum flabris <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>uexabitur: imis faucibus ex pariete haud multo promine<lb/>bit: gula erit capaci: et a dextris ad &longs;ini&longs;tram lata: excitata <lb/>ad perpendiculum: procera quoad toto &longs;ummo capitulo fa<lb/>&longs;tigia omnia excellat. </s> <s id="N407E49">Id quidem certe propter incendiorum <lb/>pericula: tum etiam ne uentus offen&longs;is tectorum obiicibus un<lb/>das aereas inglomeret: ac uerticibus fumos retardet atque re <lb/>tundat: fumus &longs;ponte &longs;ua imbuto calore <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;dit">con&longs;cendit</expan>: &longs;ed inde <lb/><expan abbr="flãmarum">flammarum</expan> et foci caloribus acceleratius propellitur. </s> <s id="N407E5B">Gula igi<lb/>tur camini exceptus ueluti fi&longs;tula coharcetur: impetuque <expan abbr="&longs;ecundãtiũ">&longs;e<lb/>cundantium</expan> flammarum non &longs;ecus atque &longs;onus ex tuba truditur. <lb/></s> <s id="N407E66">Par igitur uti in tuba &longs;i nimium lata e&longs;t &longs;urde&longs;cit aere obin <pb xlink:href="004/01/175.jpg"/>uer&longs;o: &longs;ic fumus. </s> <s id="N407E6D"><expan abbr="Sũmi">Summi</expan> capituli uertex <expan abbr="tege&ttilde;">tegetur</expan> <expan abbr="obibr&etilde;">ob imbrem</expan>: naribu&longs; <lb/>fietque propatuli&longs; et <expan abbr="circũfu&longs;i&longs;">circumfu&longs;i&longs;</expan> pre&longs;eptis tamen <expan abbr="alam&etilde;to">alamento</expan> quo uenti <lb/>mole&longs;tia <expan abbr="abarcea&ttilde;">abarceatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407E8B">Inter <expan abbr="alam&etilde;ta">alamenta</expan> et nares laxatas <expan abbr="relinque&ttilde;">relinquetur</expan> ad <lb/>euomendos fumi fluuios. </s> <s id="N407E98">Id ubi non licet: uertulam appello: <lb/><expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <expan abbr="erectũ">erectum</expan> in <expan abbr="acũ">acum</expan> apponi uelim. </s> <s id="N407EA8">ea <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> cap&longs;is ænea lata quoad <expan abbr="&longs;ũ">&longs;um</expan><lb/>mas gulæ fauces intra &longs;e capiat. </s> <s id="N407EB5">Stabit huic proiecta pro <expan abbr="frõte">fronte</expan> cri<lb/>&longs;ta qua ueluti temone acta <expan abbr="lace&longs;&longs;&etilde;tibus">lace&longs;&longs;entibus</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> inuertat occiput. <lb/></s> <s id="N407EC7"><expan abbr="Cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">Commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> capitulis <expan abbr="gularũ">gularum</expan> <expan abbr="circũappon&etilde;&ttilde;">circumapponentur</expan> cornua ænea aut <lb/>ex ope fictili <expan abbr="ãplo">amplo</expan> et apto uacuo <expan abbr="&ptilde;uia">peruia</expan> ore &longs;upremo ad <expan abbr="gulã">gulam</expan> ip<lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ã">&longs;am</expan> <expan abbr="cõuer&longs;o">conuer&longs;o</expan>: qua hau&longs;tos bucca inferiore fumos &longs;uprema euomat <lb/>inuitis <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan>. </s> <s id="N407EEE">Canaculis <expan abbr="debe&ttilde;">debetur</expan> coquina et cella ob&longs;onaria ubi <lb/>reliquas cænæ et ua&longs;a et <expan abbr="mãtilia">mantilia</expan> <expan abbr="referã&ttilde;">referantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407EFF">Coquina neque <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <expan abbr="gremiũ">gremium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõuiuarum">conuiuarum</expan> habenda e&longs;t / neque porro <expan abbr="l&etilde;gius">longius</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;emou&etilde;da">&longs;emouenda</expan> quoad quæ <lb/>calida conuiuiis <expan abbr="exigũtur">exiguntur</expan> <expan abbr="ĩterueniendũ">interueniendum</expan> <expan abbr="refrige&longs;cãt">refrige&longs;cant</expan>: &longs;at erit &longs;i<lb/>lixarum, patellarum cortinarum &longs;trepitus et seditas <expan abbr="exclude&ttilde;">excludetur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407F2B"><expan abbr="Ferculorũ">Fercu<lb/>lorum</expan> <expan abbr="cõportationes">comportationes</expan> ne imber aut <expan abbr="itionũ">itionum</expan> <expan abbr="ĩgrati">ingrati</expan> anfractus aut <expan abbr="locorũ">lo<lb/>corum</expan> ob&longs;cenitas <expan abbr="ĩpediat">impediat</expan>: ne ue ab his digniora <expan abbr="dehone&longs;ten&ttilde;">dehone&longs;tentur</expan> <expan abbr="prouidebi&ttilde;">pro<lb/>uidebitur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407F52">Ex cenaculis cubicula <expan abbr="petũtur">petuntur</expan>. </s> <s id="N407F59">Lauti&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> uti cena<lb/>cula <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> habere æ&longs;tate atque bruma. </s> <s id="N407F6A">Venit in <expan abbr="ment&etilde;">mentem</expan> illud <lb/>Luculli. </s> <s id="N407F73"><expan abbr="Ingenuũ">Ingenuum</expan> <expan abbr="homin&etilde;">hominem</expan> deteriore <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> &longs;orte <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> grues atque hirun<lb/>dines e&longs;&longs;e no oportere. </s> <s id="N407F87">Nos <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> quæ in quibu&longs;que bene mode <lb/>rati ratio <expan abbr="cõprobet">comprobet</expan> referamus. </s> <s id="N407F94">Ex Aemilio probo hi&longs;torico &longs;oli<lb/>tos memini apud græcos <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> <expan abbr="cõuiuiis">conuiuiis</expan> <expan abbr="propĩquorum">propinquorum</expan> uxores <lb/>adhibere: et partes <expan abbr="ædiũ">ædium</expan> ubi &longs;ederent mulieres qua&longs;dam e&longs;&longs;e: quo <lb/>præter cognatos <expan abbr="propĩquiores">propinquiores</expan> <expan abbr="hõ">homo</expan> accederet nemo. </s> <s id="N407FB9">Et profecto <lb/>ubi <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">quodem</expan> <expan abbr="cogruãt">cogruant</expan> muliere&longs; loca e&longs;&longs;e oportere arbitror <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ecu&longs; <lb/>atque dicata religioni et ca&longs;timoniæ: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> et lauta ueli <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;modi</expan> <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ignari puellis et uirginibus diuer&longs;oria: quo molliculi <expan abbr="earumaĩ">earum <lb/>animi</expan> <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;modi</expan> <expan abbr="cõclaui">conclaui</expan> minore <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> tedio &longs;ui &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="cõtineãt">contineant</expan>. </s> <s id="N407FEC">Matro<lb/>na utilius illic a&longs;&longs;idebit unde quæ qui&longs;que domi agat <expan abbr="ĩtelligat">intelligat</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N407FF6">Sed nos quæ ad patrio&longs; eiu&longs;que mores <expan abbr="condicãt">condicant</expan> &longs;equamur. </s> <s id="N407FFD">Vi<lb/>ro atque uxori dormitio &longs;ingulis &longs;ingula <expan abbr="debe&ttilde;">debetur</expan>: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> id <expan abbr="mõ">non</expan> ut pertu<lb/><expan abbr="ri&etilde;s">riens</expan> aut malfata mulier mole&longs;ta uiro <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;it: uerum et æ&longs;tiuos <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;õnos">&longs;omnos</expan> ille&longs;iores peragat / cui lubuerit / &longs;ua cuique aderit ianua et <pb xlink:href="004/01/176.jpg"/>præter id <expan abbr="cõmune">commune</expan> aderit po&longs;ticulum: quo mutuo &longs;e po&longs;&longs;it pe<lb/>tere &longs;ine interprete. </s> <s id="N40802C">Sub uxoris conclaue ue&longs;tiaria &longs;ub uiri li<lb/>braria cella comparabitur. </s> <s id="N408033">Parens ætate fe&longs;&longs;a quod occio et quie<lb/>te indigeat dormitionem habebit tepentem, obtectam &longs;e<expan abbr="otã">motam</expan> <lb/>ab omni familia atque externorum &longs;trepitu. </s> <s id="N408042">Habebit <expan abbr="ĩ">imprimis</expan> <lb/>foculi letitiam / et quæ alia ualitudinarii <expan abbr="exigũt">exigunt</expan> animi et cor<lb/>poris gratia. </s> <s id="N408053">Huius &longs;ub <expan abbr="cõclaui">conclaui</expan> argentaria erit cella. </s> <s id="N40805A">In hac <lb/>liberi mares <expan abbr="adole&longs;c&etilde;tuli">adole&longs;centuli</expan>. </s> <s id="N408063">In ue&longs;tiaria uirgines puellæ. </s> <s id="N408066">In pro<lb/>ximo nutrices <expan abbr="pnoctabũt">pernoctabunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N40806F">Ho&longs;pitem collocabimu&longs; <expan abbr="ædiũ">ædium</expan> parte <lb/>quæ &longs;it proxima ad ue&longs;tibulum: quo &longs;e &longs;ui liberius &longs;alutatores <lb/><expan abbr="adeãt">adeant</expan>: et <expan abbr="ramiliã">familiam</expan> <expan abbr="reliquã">reliquam</expan> minus <expan abbr="&longs;ollicit&etilde;">&longs;ollicitem</expan>. </s> <s id="N408089">Prætextati libere e <lb/>regione aut <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> ab ho&longs;pite <expan abbr="diuer&longs;abun&ttilde;">diuer&longs;abuntur</expan> familiaritatis <expan abbr="fru&etilde;dæ">fruen<lb/>dæ</expan> et <expan abbr="fou&etilde;dæ">fouendæ</expan> gratia. </s> <s id="N4080A6"><expan abbr="Subc&etilde;claue">Subconclaue</expan> habebit ho&longs;pes: ubi &longs;ecretiora <lb/>et cariora <expan abbr="c&etilde;dat">condat</expan>: atque ad <expan abbr="arbitriũ">arbitrium</expan> reclu&longs;us repetat. </s> <s id="N4080B6">Prætextato <lb/>erit <expan abbr="&longs;ubcõclaue">&longs;ubconclaue</expan> celia armamentaria. </s> <s id="N4080BF">Curatores mini&longs;tri &longs;erui <lb/>ab <expan abbr="ĩgenuorum">ingenuorum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;mertiis">commertiis</expan> ita <expan abbr="&longs;egregabũ&ttilde;">&longs;egregabuntur</expan>: ut pro cuiu&longs;que officio <expan abbr="dec&etilde;s">de<lb/>cens</expan> et peratus locus <expan abbr="attribua&ttilde;">attribuatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4080D9">Ancillæ et cubicularii &longs;uis <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;">commi&longs;</expan> <lb/>&longs;i locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="lõgius">longius</expan> <expan abbr="aberũt">aberunt</expan> <expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> ut <expan abbr="ext&etilde;plo">extemplo</expan> audire: et pre&longs;to ad <expan abbr="mb&etilde;tis">iuben<lb/>tis</expan> <expan abbr="ĩpia">impia</expan> po&longs;&longs;int e&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s id="N408100">Curator triclinii ad <expan abbr="uinariã">uinariam</expan> <expan abbr="cellã">cellam</expan> et penu <lb/><expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> po&longs;&longs;idebit. </s> <s id="N408111">Quadrupedum curatores pro &longs;tabulis <expan abbr="accubabũt">accuba<lb/>bunt</expan>. </s> <s id="N408119">heriles aeque a dor&longs;uariis <expan abbr="&longs;egregabũ&ttilde;">&longs;egregabuntur</expan>: <expan abbr="habebun&ttilde;que">habebunturque</expan> loco unde <lb/>fetoribus domu aut inter &longs;e rixa no offendant: aut <expan abbr="igniũ">ignium</expan> ca&longs;u <lb/><expan abbr="quippiã">quippiam</expan> ob&longs;it. </s> <s id="N408131"><expan abbr="Triticũ">Triticum</expan> &longs;emenque <expan abbr="o&etilde;">omne</expan> marce&longs;cit humore: palle <lb/>&longs;cit æ&longs;tu: <expan abbr="attenua&ttilde;">attenuatur</expan> afflictu: calcis <expan abbr="cõtactu">contactu</expan> <expan abbr="uitia&ttilde;">uitiatur</expan>. </s> <s id="N408149">Ergo ubi uis <lb/><expan abbr="cond&etilde;dũ">condendum</expan> duxeris &longs;eu <expan abbr="&longs;pelũcis/&longs;eu">&longs;peluncis / &longs;eu</expan> puteis &longs;eu tabulato / &longs;eu nu<lb/>de <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> &longs;olo <expan abbr="aceruatũ/curato">aceruatum / curato</expan> ut <expan abbr="habea&ttilde;">habeatur</expan> loco &longs;icci&longs;&longs;imo et penitus <lb/><expan abbr="rec&etilde;ti">recenti</expan>. </s> <s id="N408168">Fui&longs;&longs;e apud &longs;ibolim repta <expan abbr="frum&etilde;ta">frumenta</expan> <expan abbr="ĩtegra">integra</expan> po&longs;t <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;te&longs;imũ/a">cen<lb/>te&longs;imum / a</expan> quo effo&longs;&longs;a fuerint te&longs;tis <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> lo&longs;ephus. </s> <s id="N408184"><expan abbr="Sũt">Sunt</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">qui</expan> hordea ca<lb/>lenti loco <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> uitiari putent: po&longs;t <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> ocius <expan abbr="uitian&ttilde;">uitiantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N408198"><expan abbr="Affirmãt">Affirmant</expan> <lb/>phy&longs;ici humido pari corpora ut <expan abbr="corrũpan&ttilde;">corrumpantur</expan>: calido fieri ut cor <lb/><expan abbr="rũpantur">rumpantur</expan>. </s> <s id="N4081A9"><expan abbr="Lutũ">Lutum</expan> ex amurca atque argilla <expan abbr="cõmaceratũ">commaceratum</expan> &longs;parto aut <lb/>paleis tritis ualde <expan abbr="&longs;ubactũ">&longs;ubactum</expan> &longs;i granario <expan abbr="induxeris / h&etilde;bis">induxeris / habebis</expan> grana <lb/>&longs;olidiora et fumiora: et &longs;eruabis diutius / et curculio non noce<lb/>bit: et formicæ no <expan abbr="faci&etilde;t">facient</expan> furta. </s> <s id="N4081C5">Quæ horrea <expan abbr="&longs;eminũ">&longs;eminum</expan> cau&longs;a fiant <pb xlink:href="004/01/177.jpg"/>crudo ex latere præ&longs;tabunt. </s> <s id="N4081D0">Seminibus atque etiam fructi<lb/>bus condititiis borea&longs; <expan abbr="u&etilde;tus">uentus</expan> amicior e&longs;t hau&longs;tro: et ab lo<lb/>cis humectis &longs;pirante aura / quauis pertabe&longs;cunt <expan abbr="gurgulio/ne">gurgulio<lb/>ne</expan> / uermeque refunduntur. </s> <s id="N4081DD">Tum et pertinaci atque immodico <lb/>quouis uento redduntur uicta leguminibu&longs; præ&longs;ertim tabi&longs; <lb/>horreum cinere atque amurca cru&longs;tato. </s> <s id="N4081E4">Poma in tabulato <lb/>occlu&longs;i&longs;&longs;imo atque gelido habeto. </s> <s id="N4081E9">Vtribus turgefactis poma <lb/>&longs;eruari integrum per annum putabat Ari&longs;toteles. <!-- KEEP S--></s> <s id="N4081EF">Aeris in <lb/>con&longs;tantia omnia conficiuntur: ea re omnes arcebuntur fla<lb/>tus. </s> <s id="N4081F6">Quin etiam ex aquilone ferunt poma rugis deturpari. <lb/></s> <s id="N4081FA">Cellam uinariam <expan abbr="&longs;ubterraneã">&longs;ubterraneam</expan> et conclu&longs;am probant: <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <lb/>ut uina &longs;unt quæ umbra langue&longs;cant. </s> <s id="N408207">Ventis omnibus qui <lb/>a &longs;ub&longs;olano meridie ab occa&longs;u ueniant præ&longs;ertim bruma et <lb/>uere uinum pertactum perturbatur: ad caniculæ autem &longs;y<lb/>dus etiam borea commouetur: &longs;olis radio are&longs;cit: luna he<lb/>be&longs;cit: motu frace&longs;cit atque <expan abbr="elãgue&longs;cit">elangue&longs;cit</expan>: odoris rapax e&longs;t ui<lb/>num: fetore eneruatur et &longs;oluitur: &longs;icco et gelido <expan abbr="tenore&qtail;">tenoreque</expan> <lb/>uno per&longs;eueranti annos perfert. </s> <s id="N40821A">Vinum inquit Columella <lb/><expan abbr="&quml;">quam</expan> diu frigidum erit: tam diu recte manebit. </s> <s id="N408222">Cellam idcir<lb/>co uinariam in loco ponito &longs;tabili: et a carrorum concu&longs;&longs;u <lb/>immuni: eorum latus et lumina a &longs;ub&longs;olano in <expan abbr="aquilon&etilde;">aquilonem</expan> ob<lb/>uertito. </s> <s id="N40822F">Sordes et male odorata <expan abbr="omĩa / uligo / cra&longs;&longs;us">omina / uligo / cra&longs;&longs;us</expan> uapor <lb/>fumus, horti <expan abbr="&longs;piram&etilde;ta / ex">&longs;piramenta / ex</expan> cepe / bra&longs;&longs;ica / fico / caprifico ex <lb/>purgato / longe abigi: o / penitus excludito: &longs;olum cellæ pa<lb/>uimento &longs;ubdiuali <expan abbr="&longs;ternito/ĩ">&longs;ternito / in</expan> medio lacunulam deprimito: <lb/>qua &longs;i quid dolii uitio effu&longs;um &longs;it colligas. </s> <s id="N408246">Sunt qui opere <lb/>cementitio et muratili dolia faciant. </s> <s id="N40824B">At dolia quo capacio<lb/>ra / eo uinum erit acrius et fortius. </s> <s id="N408250">Olearia calentes <expan abbr="amãt">amant</expan> <lb/>umbras: odere auras frigidas: tum et fumo atque fuligine <lb/>inficiuntur. </s> <s id="N40825B">Impura illa <expan abbr="pretermittã&ttilde;/quod">pretermittantur / quod</expan> aiunt &longs;terquil<lb/>linia habenda alia ubi nouum &longs;tercus / alia ubi uetus <expan abbr="cõdas">condas</expan>. <lb/></s> <s id="N408269">Humecto gaudere &longs;ole / et <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> exinaniri. </s> <s id="N408270">Hoc &longs;it ad rem <lb/>quæ ignes metuant ut senile: et quæ con&longs;pectu atque odora<pb xlink:href="004/01/178.jpg"/>tu terra &longs;unt abigantur et <expan abbr="ableg&etilde;tur">ablegentur</expan>. </s> <s id="N40827D">Robu&longs;teo &longs;terquilinio <lb/>&longs;erpens non orietur. </s> <s id="N408282">Hoc prætereundum non <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;eo">cen&longs;eo</expan>. </s> <s id="N408289">Nam <lb/>quid hoc mali e&longs;t <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> agro &longs;terquillinia ponimus loco abdito <lb/>atque exclu&longs;o, ne quid familiam ru&longs;ticam offendat fetori<lb/>bus &longs;ub rectis uero et prope &longs;ub puluinari cellis primariis: <lb/>quibus alioquin integras captamus quietes: laterinas habe<lb/>re priuatas hoc <expan abbr="&etilde;">estt</expan> apothecas <expan abbr="pe&longs;til&etilde;ti&longs;&longs;imi">pe&longs;tilenti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> fetoris uolumus. <lb/></s> <s id="N4082A3">Si egrotabit trulla et ua&longs;culo commodius utetur. </s> <s id="N4082A6">Bene <expan abbr="aũt">aut</expan> <lb/>ualentibus quid ni abigendam i&longs;tanc nau&longs;eam ducas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ui<lb/>deo. </s> <s id="N4082B5">Et &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e liceat cum cæteras alites tum <expan abbr="ĩprimis">imprimis</expan> hi<lb/>rundines quantopere curent pullos habere &longs;uos nido <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquam</expan> <lb/>fedo. </s> <s id="N4082C4">Mirum quid moneat natura. </s> <s id="N4082C7"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> et pulliculi cum pri<lb/>mum per ætatem firmatis <expan abbr="m&etilde;bris">membris</expan> licet <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i ex nido onus <lb/>uentris deiiciunt, ad&longs;unt et parentes: qui quidem quo lon<lb/>gius seditatem <expan abbr="abigãt">abigant</expan> ro&longs;tro pullorum &longs;ege&longs;tionem aere ea <lb/>dentem excipiunt atque: a&longs;portant. </s> <s id="N4082E1">Naturæ igitur bene ad / <lb/>monenti <expan abbr="par&etilde;dum">parendum</expan> cen&longs;eo. </s> <s id="N4082EA">Sed uilla et urbana locupletiorum <lb/>diuer&longs;oria inter &longs;e hoc differunt: quod fortunatis uilla <expan abbr="æ&longs;tiuũ">æ&longs;tiuum</expan> <lb/>diuer&longs;orium e&longs;t / urbanis tectis ad brumas commodiu&longs; tole<lb/>randas utuntur. </s> <s id="N4082F7">Inde adeo ex agro omnem lucis / auræ / &longs;pa<lb/>tii / pro&longs;pectu&longs;que amenitatem captant / ex urbe umbratiles <lb/>et molliores delitias &longs;equuntur. </s> <s id="N4082FE">Sat iccirco <expan abbr="&etilde;">est</expan> &longs;i quæ ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> <lb/>ciuilem oportuna &longs;unt / intra urbem cum dignitate et &longs;alu<lb/>britate præ&longs;tantur: quoad tamen locorum angu&longs;tiæ et lumi<lb/>nis copia patietur: omnem &longs;ibi uillæ amenitatem atque <expan abbr="iucũditat&etilde;">iucun<lb/>ditatem</expan> ædes urbanæ arripient. </s> <s id="N408318"><expan abbr="Habebũt">Habebunt</expan> quidem præter la&longs;&longs;i<lb/>tatem &longs;inus / etiam <expan abbr="porticum / ambulation&etilde;/ge&longs;tationem/">porticum / ambulationen / ge&longs;tationem /</expan> <lb/>atque hortorum delitias et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s id="N408326">Sin id minus licebit <lb/>coæquabili in &longs;olo etiam ædificationibus alteris in alteras <lb/>&longs;uperadactis iu&longs;ta membrorum &longs;patia comparabuntur. </s> <s id="N40832D">Na<lb/>tura loci permittente &longs;ubterranea infedientur quibus liquida <lb/>ligna æque &longs;eruitia colloces: in ha&longs;ce hone&longs;tiora &longs;uperædi<lb/>ficabuntur. </s> <s id="N408336">Atqui addentur etiam <expan abbr="ĩ">in</expan> ha&longs;ce <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> alteræ &longs;i opus <pb xlink:href="004/01/179.jpg"/>&longs;it ædificationes: quoad familiæ u&longs;ibus abunde <expan abbr="proui&longs;ũ">proui&longs;um</expan> &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s id="N40834A">Primis u&longs;ibus primæ: dignioribus digniores partes di&longs;tri<lb/>buentur. </s> <s id="N40834F">Demum curabitur ut &longs;int parata di&longs;cretaque loca: <lb/>quibus cum me&longs;&longs;em fructu&longs; ue / tum in&longs;trumenta omni&longs;que <lb/>denique &longs;uperlectilis a&longs;&longs;eruetur. </s> <s id="N408356">Non deerit / ubi ad res di<lb/>uinas: ubi ue mundum muliebre / et quæ ad &longs;e&longs;tes dies: et <lb/>quæ ad uirilem ornatum &longs;olemnium dierum: et ubi arma atque <lb/>tæla et ubi quæ ad lanificia: et ubi ad epulationes / et ho&longs;pi<lb/>tum aduentum: et quæ ad rara temporum negocia annume<lb/>rata ad&longs;criptaque &longs;eruentur. </s> <s id="N408363">Alibi quod men&longs;truum: alibi <lb/>quod anuum: alibi quod ad u&longs;us debetur quotidianos: