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changed dtd to right  one and added xml declaration

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE archimedes [

<!-- footnotes and margnotes get yanked out of their <p>s, repl. by <arrow>, -->
<!-- and moved to own p.  -->

<!ELEMENT foot.target 
        (#PCDATA)  >
<!-- e.g. number in front of a footnote -->

<!ATTLIST foot.target
        id ID #REQUIRED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >


<!ELEMENT margin.target 
        (#PCDATA)  >

<!ATTLIST margin.target
        id ID #REQUIRED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT table.target 
        (#PCDATA)  >

<!ATTLIST table.target
        id ID #REQUIRED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT arrow.to.target 
        (#PCDATA)*  >

<!ATTLIST arrow.to.target
        symbol          CDATA #IMPLIED
        id                 ID #IMPLIED
        n                 CDATA #IMPLIED
        xlink:type      (simple)        #FIXED "simple"
        xlink:href      CDATA           #IMPLIED>

<!-- reference to removed figure/note. contains mark in text. -->
<!-- n attribute contains id of referent target -->
<!-- Can marginalia ever have referring marks in text? -->


<!ELEMENT archimedes 
        (info, text) >


<!ATTLIST archimedes 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        xmlns:xlink     CDATA           #FIXED "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >


<!ELEMENT author 
        (#PCDATA) >


<!ATTLIST author
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >


<!ELEMENT back
        ( section | pb?)+ >

<!ATTLIST back
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED 
        type CDATA #IMPLIED>


<!ELEMENT body
       (chap, pb?)+ >

<!ATTLIST body
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >


<!ELEMENT chap 
        (  p | pb | figure | table)+ >


<!ATTLIST chap
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED
        type CDATA #IMPLIED>


<!ELEMENT chunk
        (#PCDATA) >


<!ATTLIST chunk
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED 
        unit CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT date
        (#PCDATA) >


<!ATTLIST date
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT editor 
        (#PCDATA) >


<!ATTLIST editor
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT emph 
         EMPTY>


<!ATTLIST emph
        type (italics|bold|sup|sub|over|smallcaps|center|roman|ul|quote|other) "italics" 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!ELEMENT emph.end 
         EMPTY>

<!-- the type attrib. here shld be entitized -->
<!ATTLIST emph.end
        type (italics|bold|sup|sub|over|smallcaps|center|roman|ul|quote|other) "italics" 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED>


<!ELEMENT expan 
        (#PCDATA | foot.target|margin.target|arrow.to.target|pb|lb|emph|emph.end|gap)* >


<!ATTLIST expan 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED
        abbr CDATA #IMPLIED
        type CDATA #IMPLIED >


<!ELEMENT figure 
        (#PCDATA) >

<!ATTLIST figure 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        place (margin|text) "text"
        xlink:type      (simple)        #FIXED "simple"
        xlink:href      CDATA           #IMPLIED>


<!ELEMENT foreign
       (#PCDATA | expan | foot.target|margin.target|arrow.to.target|pb|lb|emph|emph.end|gap)* > 


<!ATTLIST foreign
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED
        lang CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- <foreign> for text within sentences not in the main lang of the text -->
<!--    or for text within non-default-lang higher elements  -->
<!ELEMENT front
        ( section | pb?)+ >

<!ATTLIST front
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED 
        type CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!ELEMENT gap
        EMPTY >

<!ATTLIST gap
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED
        desc CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- gap is a catch-all tag employed at Perseus and in the TEI to isolate -->
<!-- uncertain DE markup. It appears here for continuity's sake. -->


<!ELEMENT info 
        (author, title, date, place, editor, publisher, translator, lang, chunk,locator) >
<!-- how many of these should be required? -->
<!-- what about bringing in line with dublin core? -->

<!ATTLIST info 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >



<!ELEMENT lang
        (#PCDATA) >


<!ATTLIST lang
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT lb         EMPTY                              >

<!ATTLIST lb
          ed                 CDATA               #IMPLIED
          id                 ID                  #IMPLIED
           n                  CDATA               #IMPLIED>
          
<!-- <lb> occurs at <s> level and at <p> level  -->
<!-- <lb> at end of <s> must be placed after </s> -->

<!-- unrecognized symbols will appear inline acc. to special conventions.  -->
<!--   (as in DE specs) -->

<!-- emph and and emph.end are elements that are quer to the xml structure -->

<!ELEMENT locator       (#PCDATA)   >

<!ATTLIST locator
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT p

       (s |  pb|lb|emph|emph.end|gap )+ > 


<!ATTLIST p 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED 
        type (main|marked|foot|margin|list|head|caption) "main" >
<!-- captions go in paragr's immediately after figure, with arrow.to.target -->

<!-- pb can occur within p but NOT at the start or end -->


<!ELEMENT pb 
        EMPTY >


<!ATTLIST pb
        ed CDATA #IMPLIED
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED 
        xlink:type      (simple)        #FIXED "simple"
        xlink:href      CDATA           #IMPLIED
        pagenum CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!-- the "ed"  attribute gives the edition in which the page break occurs. If no -->
<!-- edition is given, it is assumed to be that given in info -->
<!-- pagenum gives the page number actually printed on the page.  -->
<!-- n gives the page number numbered consecutively from page 1 of text. -->
<!-- pb can occur inside <s> etc. and inside <p> and inside <chap> -->
<!-- <pb> at end of <p> must be placed after </p> -->


<!ELEMENT place
        (#PCDATA) >


<!ATTLIST place
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >



<!ELEMENT publisher 
        (#PCDATA)* >


<!ATTLIST publisher
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >


<!ELEMENT s 

(#PCDATA| figure |foreign | expan | foot.target|margin.target|arrow.to.target|pb|lb|emph|emph.end|gap)* >


<!ATTLIST s
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT section 
        ( p | pb | figure)+ >


<!ATTLIST section
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED
        type CDATA #IMPLIED>

<!ELEMENT table
        ( table.target?,  (row, pb?)+ ) >

<!-- order is now:
<table><table.target/><row>...</row><pb>
i.e. <table> is equiv. to <p type=margin>
 -->
<!ATTLIST table
        id ID #IMPLIED 
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT row
        ( cell+ ) >

<!ATTLIST row
        id ID #IMPLIED 
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT cell
        (#PCDATA| foreign | expan | foot.target|margin.target|arrow.to.target|pb|lb|emph|emph.end|gap)* >

<!ATTLIST cell
        id ID #IMPLIED 
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT text
        (pb?, front, pb?, body, pb?, back) >

<!-- if front and back are going to be optional, then pb can be allowed to -->
<!-- occur only within front body back.  -->


<!ATTLIST text 
        type CDATA #IMPLIED
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED>


<!ELEMENT title 
        (#PCDATA) >

<!ATTLIST title 
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED
        type CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ELEMENT translator 
        (#PCDATA)* >

<!ATTLIST translator
        id ID #IMPLIED
        n CDATA #IMPLIED >

<!ENTITY shy "[-]">





<!ENTITY aacute "[aacute]">
<!ENTITY aelig "[aelig]">
<!ENTITY amp "[amp]">
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<!ENTITY etilde "[etilde]">
<!ENTITY gt "[gt]">
<!ENTITY iacute "[iacute]">
<!ENTITY imacr "[imacr]">
<!ENTITY itilde "[itilde]">
<!ENTITY iuml "[iuml]">
<!ENTITY longs "[longs]">
<!ENTITY lsquo "[lsquo]">
<!ENTITY lt "[lt]">
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<!ENTITY qring "[qring]">
<!ENTITY qtilde "[qtilde]">
<!ENTITY quml "[quml]">
<!ENTITY rsquo "[rsquo]">
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<!ENTITY ttilde "[ttilde]">
<!ENTITY uacute "[uacute]">
<!ENTITY umacr "[umacr]">
<!ENTITY untilde "[untilde]">
<!ENTITY utilde "[utilde]">
<!ENTITY uuml "[uuml]">
<!ENTITY aacute "[aacute]">
<!ENTITY aelig "[aelig]">
<!ENTITY amp "[amp]">
<!ENTITY atilde "[atilde]">
<!ENTITY auml "[auml]">
<!ENTITY eacute "[eacute]">
<!ENTITY ecedil "[ecedil]">
<!ENTITY etilde "[etilde]">
<!ENTITY gt "[gt]">
<!ENTITY iacute "[iacute]">
<!ENTITY imacr "[imacr]">
<!ENTITY itilde "[itilde]">
<!ENTITY iuml "[iuml]">
<!ENTITY longs "[longs]">
<!ENTITY lsquo "[lsquo]">
<!ENTITY lt "[lt]">
<!ENTITY oelig "[oelig]">
<!ENTITY omacr "[omacr]">
<!ENTITY otilde "[otilde]">
<!ENTITY qgrave "[qgrave]">
<!ENTITY qring "[qring]">
<!ENTITY qtilde "[qtilde]">
<!ENTITY quml "[quml]">
<!ENTITY rsquo "[rsquo]">
<!ENTITY shy "[shy]">
<!ENTITY ttilde "[ttilde]">
<!ENTITY uacute "[uacute]">
<!ENTITY umacr "[umacr]">
<!ENTITY untilde "[untilde]">
<!ENTITY utilde "[utilde]">
<!ENTITY uuml "[uuml]">



]>
<archimedes>

      <info>


        <author>Alberti, Leon Battista</author>
        <title>De re aedificatoria</title>
        <date>1755</date>
        <place>London</place>
        <editor></editor>        
        <publisher></publisher>
        <translator></translator>
        <lang>la</lang>
        
      <chunk unit="page*">page</chunk>
<locator>000000004.xml</locator>
      </info>
      <text>
          <front>
          </front>
          <body>
            <chap>
        


<pb/>
<p type="head">

<s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE RE AEDIFICA <lb/>TORIA INCIPIT <gap/> LEGE FELICITER</s>
</p>
<p type="main">

<s>
<arrow.to.target n="marg1"></arrow.to.target></s>
</p>
<p type="margin">

<s><margin.target id="marg1"></margin.target>m</s>
</p>
<p type="main">

<s>VLTAS ET VARIAS ARTES QVE <lb/>ad uitam bene beateque <expan abbr="ag&etilde;dam">agendam</expan> faciant &longs;umma <lb/>indu&longs;tria et diligentia conqui&longs;itas nobis ma <lb/>iores no&longs;tri tradidere. Qu&aelig; omnes et &longs;i ferant <lb/>pr&aelig; &longs;e: qua&longs;i certatim huc tendere: Vt pluri <lb/>mum generi hominum pro&longs;int: tamen habere <lb/>innatum atque in&longs;itum eas intelligimus quip <lb/>piam: quo &longs;ingul&aelig; &longs;ingulos pr&aelig;ceteris diuer&longs;o&longs;que polliceri fruc <lb/>tus uideantur: Nanque artes quidem alias nece&longs;&longs;itate &longs;ectamur: <lb/>alias probamus utilitate: Ali&aelig; uero quod tantum circa res cognitu <lb/>grati&longs;&longs;imas uer&longs;entur in pretio &longs;unt: quales autem h&aelig; &longs;int artes <lb/>non e&longs;t ut pro&longs;equar: inpromptu enim &longs;unt: uerum &longs;i repetas ex <lb/>omni maximarum artium numero nullam penitus inuenies: qu&aelig; <lb/>non &longs;pretis reliquis &longs;uos quo&longs;dam &amp; proprios fines petat et con <lb/>templetur. Aut &longs;i tandem comperias ullam: qu&aelig; cum huiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;it: ut ea carere nullo pacto po&longs;&longs;is: tum et de &longs;e utilitatem: uolup <lb/>tati dignitatique oiunctam pr&aelig;&longs;tet: meo iudicio ab earum numero <lb/>excludendam e&longs;&longs;e: non duces architecturam: namque ea quidem <lb/>&longs;iquidem rem diligentius pen&longs;itaris et publice &amp; priuatim com <lb/>modi&longs;&longs;ima et uehementer grati&longs;&longs;ima generi hominum e&longs;t: digni <lb/>tateque inter primas non po&longs;trema: Sed <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequae</expan> ultra progrediar: <lb/>explicandum mihi cen&longs;eo quemnam haberi uelim architectum: <lb/>Non enim tignarium adducam <expan abbr="fabr&utilde;">fabrum</expan>: quem tu &longs;ummis c&aelig;terarum<lb/>di&longs;ciplinarum uiris compares: Fabri enim manus architecto pro <lb/>in&longs;trumento <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>. Architectum ego hunc fore con&longs;tituam/qui certa <lb/>admirabilique ratione et uia tum mente animoque diffinire: tum et <lb/>opere ab&longs;oluere didicerit quecunque ex ponderum motu corporum que<lb/>compactione et coagmentatione digni&longs;&longs;imis <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> u&longs;ibus bel <lb/>li&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="c&otilde;modentur">commodentur</expan>: Qu&aelig; ut po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="c&otilde;pre">compre</expan><gap/>n&longs;ione et cognitione <lb/>opus e&longs;t rerum optimarum et digni&longs;&longs;imarum: Itaque huiu&longs;modi erit <lb/>architectus: redeo ad rem Fuere qui dicerent aquam aut ignem 
<pb/>pr&aelig;bui&longs;&longs;e principia: quibus effectum &longs;it ut hominum cetus cele <lb/><expan abbr="braren&ttilde;">brarentur</expan>: Nobis uero tecti parieti&longs;que utilitatem atque nece&longs;&longs;itatem <lb/>&longs;pectantibus ad homines conciliandos atque una continendos / <lb/>maiorem in modum ualui&longs;&longs;e nimirum per&longs;uadebitur: Sed ne Ar <lb/>chitecto ea re &longs;olum debemus/quod tuta o<gap/> tataque diffugia c<gap/>tra <lb/>&longs;olis ardor&eacute;s Eiumam/pruina&longs;que dederit: tam et &longs;i ip&longs;um id haud <lb/><expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> minimum beneficium e&longs;t: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod multa <expan abbr="&itilde;uenerit">inuenerit</expan> priuatim <lb/>et publice: proculdubio longe utilia: et ad uite u&longs;um iterum <expan abbr="atqueiter&utilde;">atque<lb/>iterum</expan> <expan abbr="acc&etilde;modati&longs;&longs;ima">accemmodati&longs;&longs;ima</expan>: Quot familias hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas et ro&longs;ira et <lb/>alie orbis urbes <expan abbr="tempor&utilde;">temporum</expan> iniuria labefactatas funditus ami&longs;i&longs;&longs;et/ <lb/>ni eos patrii lares/qua&longs;i inmaiorum &longs;uorum gremio receptos con <lb/>foui&longs;&longs;ent: Dedalum &longs;ua probarunt tempora: uel maxime quod <lb/>apud &longs;elinuntios Antrum &aelig;dificarit: exquo tepens leni&longs;que uapor <lb/>ita effiaret ac colligeretur/ut &longs;udores graui&longs;&longs;<gap/>os eliceret: cor <lb/>poraque curaret &longs;umma cum uoluptate: Quid alii <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> multa i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi <expan abbr="excogitar&utilde;t">excogitarunt</expan>: que adbonam ualitudinem faciant ge&longs;tationes <lb/>natationes: thermas et huiu&longs;modi: Aut quid refeiam uehicula pi <lb/>&longs;trina horaria et minuta h&aelig;c: qu&aelig; tamen in uita degenda <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> <lb/>momen<gap/> habent? Quid aquarum copias ex intimis reconditi&longs;que<lb/>pro luctas: u&longs;ibu&longs;que tam uariis tamque expeditis expo&longs;itas? Quid <lb/>t ooh<gap/>a: delubia: fana: templa et eiu&longs;modi/que ad cultum religi <lb/>onis fructum que po&longs;teritatis adinuenit? Quid demum quod ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;is <lb/>rupibus/pfo&longs;&longs;<gap/>s montibus/completis conuallibus/coercitis lacu <lb/>marique expurgata palude co&aelig;dificatis nauibus/directis flumini <lb/>bus expeditis ho&longs;tiis /con&longs;titutis pontibus: portuque non &longs;olum <lb/>temporariis hominum commodis prouidit: Verum et aditus ad <lb/>omnes orbis prouincias patefecit: Exquo effectum e&longs;t: Vt fruges <lb/><expan abbr="aromata/gemmas/rer&utilde;que">aromata/gemmas/rerunque</expan> peritias et cognitiones: et qu&aelig;cunque ad <lb/>&longs;alutem &amp; uit&aelig; modum conferant: homines hominibus mutuis <lb/>officiis communicarint: Adde his tormenta/ machinas/arces/et <lb/>qu&aelig; ad patriam/libertatem rem/ decu&longs;que ciuitatis tuendam au <lb/>gendamque ad propagandum &longs;tabiliendumque imperium ualeant: <lb/>Fquidem &longs;ic arbiti or: quotquot a uetere <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> memoria uibes <lb/>ob&longs;idione &longs;ub aliorum <expan abbr="imperi&utilde;">imperium</expan> uenerint: &longs;i <expan abbr="rog&etilde;tur">rogentur</expan> aquo debellat&aelig; 
<pb/>&longs;ubacteque &longs;int: non negaturas ab architecto. Armatum enim faci <lb/>le ho&longs;tem contemp&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: Sed ingenii uim: et operum molem: &amp; <lb/>tormentorum impetum: quibus urgeret/obrueret/pre&longs;&longs;aretque ar <lb/>chitectus tolerare diutius nequiui&longs;&longs;e. Et contra ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> <lb/>euenit: ut &longs;e &longs;e alia re magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> architecti ope et artibus &longs;atis fore <lb/>tutos deputent. Tum &longs;i habitas expeditiones repetas/forta&longs;&longs;i&longs; <lb/>reperies huius artibus et uirtute uictorias plures <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> imperatoris <lb/>ductu au&longs;picii&longs;ue partas: ho&longs;temque &longs;epius huius ingenio ab&longs;que illi <lb/>us <expan abbr="armi&longs;/&qtilde;">armi&longs;/quae</expan> illius ferro/&longs;ine i&longs;tius con&longs;ilio &longs;uccubui&longs;&longs;e: Et quod <lb/>maxime pr&aelig;&longs;tat/parua manu &longs;aluoque uincit milite architectu&longs;. <lb/>De utilitate hactenus. Quam uero grata &amp; <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> penitus i&longs;ideat ani <lb/>mis &aelig;dificandi cura &amp; ratio cum aliunde / tum hinc apparet/ quod<lb/>neminem reperias modo ad&longs;int facultates/qui non totus ad quip <lb/>piam co&aelig;dificandum pendeat: Et &longs;iquid ad rem &aelig;dificatoriam <lb/>excogitarit/uolens ac lubens non proferat: &amp; qua&longs;i iubente natu <lb/>ra u&longs;ui hominum propalet. Et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;epe euenit: ut etiam rebus ali <lb/>is occupati nequeamus non facere / quin mente et animo aliquas <lb/>&aelig;dificationes commentemur. Et aliorum &longs;pectato &aelig;dificio &longs;in <lb/>gulas ilico dimen&longs;iones lu&longs;tramus ac pen&longs;itamus pro que ingenii <lb/>uiribus di&longs;quirimus quid nam adimi/addi immutari ue po&longs;&longs;it: <lb/>quo id opus reddatur elegantius/ultroque monemus. Si quid uero <lb/>bene diffinitum recteque ab&longs;olutum &longs;it: quis id non &longs;pectet <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> &longs;um <lb/>ma uoluptate atque ilaritate? <expan abbr="I&atilde;">Iam</expan> uero <expan abbr="&qtilde;tum">quatum</expan> ciues domi fori&longs;que non <lb/>iuuerit modo atque delectarit architectura / &longs;ed multo quidem ho <lb/>ne&longs;tarit quid e&longs;t quod referam? Quis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ibi laudi a&longs;cribat quod <lb/>&aelig;dificarit? Priuatis etiam quod habitemus &aelig;dibus paulo accura <lb/>tius con&longs;tructis gloriam? Eoni uiri quod parietem aut porticum du <lb/>xeris lauti&longs;&longs;imam/ quod ornamenta po&longs;tium <expan abbr="colunnar&utilde;">colunnarum</expan> tectique <expan abbr="&itilde;po">impo</expan> <lb/>&longs;ueris et tuam et &longs;uam uicem comprobant et <expan abbr="congratul&atilde;tur">congratulantur</expan>: Vel <lb/>ea re maxime quod intelligunt quidem te fructu hoc diuitiarum <lb/>tibi/famili&aelig;/po&longs;teris urbique <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> decoris et dignitatis adau <lb/>xi&longs;&longs;e. Cretam in&longs;ulam in primis <expan abbr="&longs;epulcr&utilde;">&longs;epulcrum</expan> iouis nobilitauit: nec <lb/>tantum Apollinis oraculo <expan abbr="Delon/&qtilde;">Delon/quae</expan> forma &amp; &longs;pecie urbis templi <lb/>que maie&longs;tate colebatur. <expan abbr="Quant&utilde;">Quantum</expan> uero auctoritati <expan abbr="&itilde;perii">imperii</expan> &amp; nomis 
<pb/>latini <expan abbr="c&otilde;tulerit">contulerit</expan> &aelig;dificatio nihil plus dico <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> nos ex his bu&longs;tis et re <lb/>&longs;iduis ueteris magnificenti&aelig;: qu&aelig; pa&longs;&longs;im uidemus multa hi&longs;tori <lb/>cis credere didici&longs;&longs;e: qu&aelig; alioquin forta&longs;&longs;e minus credibilia uide <lb/><expan abbr="ban&ttilde;">bantur</expan>. Preclare <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> apud <expan abbr="Tuchidid&etilde;">Tuchididem</expan> prudentia ueterum com <expan abbr="proba&ttilde;">probatur</expan>: <lb/>qui ita urbem omni &aelig;dificiorum genere para&longs;&longs;ent/ut longe <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> erant <lb/>potentiores <expan abbr="uideren&ttilde;">uiderentur</expan>: Et quis fuit &longs;ummorum ac &longs;apienti&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="pr&itilde;">prim</expan> <lb/>cipum/quin inter primas propagandi <expan abbr="no&itilde;s">noins</expan> et po&longs;teritatis curas rem <lb/>habuerit <expan abbr="&aelig;dificatori&atilde;">&aelig;dificatoriam</expan>? Sed de his hactenus. Demum hoc &longs;it ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tabilitatem/dignitat&etilde;/decu&longs;que">&longs;tabilitatem/dignitaten/decu&longs;que</expan> rei pulice <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> debere archi <lb/>tecto: Qui quidem efficiat ut in ocio cum am&aelig;nitate/ fe&longs;tiuitate <lb/>&longs;alubritate: In negocio <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <expan abbr="emolum&etilde;to">emolumento</expan> rerum que <expan abbr="increm&etilde;to">incremento</expan>: inutri&longs;que<lb/>&longs;ine periculo &amp; cum dignitate uer&longs;emur. Hunc igitur ex uolup <lb/>tate/ atque mirifica opum gratia: exque nece&longs;&longs;itate: exque inuentorum <lb/>adiumentis pr&aelig;&longs;idioque: exque fructu po&longs;teritatis <expan abbr="proband&utilde;">probandum</expan> <expan abbr="colend&utilde;">colendum</expan> <lb/>que e&longs;&longs;e: atque inter primarios/qui de genere hominum <expan abbr="h&otilde;res">horres</expan> et pre <lb/>mia meruerint/ <expan abbr="h&etilde;ndum">henndum</expan> non negabimus. Atq nos <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> i&longs;tec <lb/>ita e&longs;&longs;e intelligeremus/ c&aelig;pimus animi gratia de eius arte et re <lb/>bus accuratius per&longs;crutari: quibus nam principiis diducerentur/ <lb/>quibu&longs;ue ptibus haberentur: atque finirentur: quas cum <expan abbr="&itilde;ueni&longs;&longs;em">inueni&longs;&longs;em</expan> <lb/>genere uaria numero pene infinita/re admirabilia/utilitate incre <lb/>dibili: ut interdum non con&longs;taret que nam hominum <expan abbr="c&otilde;ditio">conditio</expan>: aut <lb/>qu&aelig; reip. pars/aut quis ciuitatis &longs;tatus magis debeat architecto / <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;mo">immo</expan> <expan abbr="om&itilde;um">ominum</expan> commoditatum inuentori: publica an priuata: &longs;acra <lb/>an profana: ocium an negocium: &longs;inguli ne quique/an genus homi <lb/>num uniuer&longs;um/In&longs;tituimus pluribus de cau&longs;is: qu&aelig; longum e&longs; <lb/>&longs;et hic pro&longs;equi: eadem i&longs;ta colligere: qu&aelig; his decem libris <expan abbr="m&atilde;da">manda</expan> <lb/>ta <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> litteris: Quorum hic erit rebus <expan abbr="tract&atilde;dis">tractandis</expan> ordo: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <expan abbr="&aelig;difici&utilde;">&aelig;dificium</expan> <lb/>qd corpus <expan abbr="quodd&atilde;">quoddam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="an&itilde;aduertimus">aninaduertimus</expan>: quod lineamentis/ueluti <lb/>alia corpora <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;taret">con&longs;taret</expan> &amp; materia: Quorum alterum i&longs;tic ab ingenio <lb/>produceretur: alterum a natura &longs;u&longs;ciperetur: Huic mentem cogi <lb/>tationemque/huic alteri parationem &longs;electionemque adhibendam. <lb/>Sed <expan abbr="utror&utilde;que">utrorunque</expan> per &longs;e <expan abbr="neutr&utilde;">neutrum</expan> &longs;atis adrem ualere intelleximus/ni &amp; <lb/>periti artificis manus/qu&aelig; lineamentis materiam <expan abbr="c&otilde;formaret">conformaret</expan> ac <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;erit: Cumque &aelig;dificiorum uarii e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="u&longs;us/pue&longs;tigand&utilde;">u&longs;us/pue&longs;tigandum</expan> fuit an 
<pb/>eadem lineamentorum finitio quibu&longs;que operibus conueniret. Di <lb/>&longs;tinximus ea de re &aelig;dificiorum genera/ in quibus quidem <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> ha <lb/>bere plurimum momenti uideremus/coh&aelig;&longs;ionem modumque line <lb/>arum inter &longs;e: ex quo pr&aelig;cipua pulchritudinis effectio emanarit <lb/>De pulchritudine idcirco c&aelig;pimus di&longs;quirere quid nam e&longs;&longs;et/ et <lb/>qualis cuique deberetur. Cumque in his omnibus peccata <expan abbr="interd&utilde;">interdum</expan> of <lb/><expan abbr="fenderentur/&itilde;ue&longs;tigauimu&longs;">fenderentur/inue&longs;tigauimu&longs;</expan> quo pacto emendari in&longs;taurarique po&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent. Cuique igitur libro pro rerum uarietate &longs;uus in&longs;cribitur titu <lb/>lus hunc in modum: Nam primi quidem titulus. Primo <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan> <lb/>ta. Secundo materia: Tertio opus: Quarto uniuer&longs;orum opus: <lb/>Quinto Singulorum opus: Sexto Ornamentum: Septimo Sacro <lb/>rum ornamentum: Octauo Publici profani <expan abbr="ornament&utilde;">ornamentum</expan>: Nono Pri <lb/><expan abbr="uatori&utilde;">uatorium</expan> <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;t&utilde;">ornamentum</expan>: <expan abbr="Dec&itilde;o">Decino</expan> Opum in&longs;tauratio: additi nauis: &aelig;raria <lb/>bi&longs;toria: numeri &amp; linearum. Quid <expan abbr="c&otilde;ferat">conferat</expan> architectus in negocio.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE LINEAMEN <lb/>TIS LIBER PRIMVS</s>
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<s>ELINEAMENTIS AEDIFICIORVM </s>
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<s>
<arrow.to.target n="marg2"></arrow.to.target><lb/>con&longs;cripturi optima et eleganti&longs;&longs;ima qu&aelig;mque<lb/>a periti&longs;&longs;imis maioribus fui&longs;&longs;e litteris tradita <lb/>et qu&aelig; in ip&longs;is opibus facundis e&longs;&longs;e ob&longs;eruata <lb/>animaduerterimus/colligemus: <expan abbr="no&longs;tr&utilde;que">no&longs;trunque</expan> hoc <lb/>in opus tran&longs;feremus: His etiam addemus &longs;i <lb/>quid no&longs;tro ingenio et pue&longs;tigandi cura et la <lb/>bore ad inuenerimus: quod quidem u&longs;ui futurum putemus: Sed <lb/>cum huiu&longs;modi rebus alioquin duris et a&longs;peris atque multa expte <lb/>ob&longs;curi&longs;&longs;imis con&longs;cribendis me cupiam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="aperti&longs;&longs;im&utilde;/et">aperti&longs;&longs;imun/et</expan> quo <lb/>ad fieri po&longs;&longs;it facilem et <expan abbr="expediti&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">expediti&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: no&longs;tro pro more explicabi <lb/>mus. quid nam &longs;it qd aggrediar. Nam hinc non negligendi <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> <lb/>dicendarum fontes <expan abbr="pateb&utilde;t">patebunt</expan>: unde cetera &aelig;quabiliore oratione <expan abbr="dic&atilde;&ttilde;">dicantur</expan> <lb/>Rem <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> &longs;ic ordinemur. Tota res adificatoria lineamentis et <lb/>&longs;tructura o&longs;tituta <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: <expan abbr="Lineam&etilde;tor&utilde;">Lineamentorum</expan> <expan abbr="om&itilde;s">omins</expan> uis et ratio con&longs;umitur: <lb/>Vt recta ab&longs;olutaque habeatur uia coaptandi iungendique lineas et 
<pb/>angulos: quibus &aelig;dificii facies comprehendatur atque conclud<gap/>tur <lb/>Atqui e&longs;t quidem lineamenti munus et officium pr&aelig;&longs;cribere &aelig;di <lb/>ficiis et partibus &aelig;dificiorum aptum locum et certum numerum: <lb/>dignumque modum &amp; gratum <expan abbr="ord&itilde;em">ordinem</expan>: ut iam tota &aelig;dificii forma <lb/>et figura ip&longs;is in lineamentis conquie&longs;cat. Neque habet lineamen <lb/>tum in &longs;e ut materiam &longs;equatur: Sed e&longs;t huiu&longs;modi ut <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> pluri <lb/>mis in &aelig;dificiis e&longs;&longs;e lineamenta &longs;entiamus: ubi una atque eadem in <lb/>illis &longs;pectetur forma. Hoc e&longs;t ubi corum partes: et partium &longs;ingu <lb/>larum &longs;itus atque ordines inter &longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniant">conueniant</expan> totis angulis toti&longs;que li <lb/>neis. Et licebit integras formas pr&aelig;&longs;eribere animo et mente/&longs;eclu <lb/>&longs;a omni materia: Quam rem a&longs;&longs;equemur adnotando et <expan abbr="pr&aelig;fini&etilde;">pr&aelig;finiem</expan> <lb/>do angulos &amp; lineas certa directione et connexione. H&aelig;c <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> ita <lb/>&longs;int: erit ergo <expan abbr="lineament&utilde;">lineamentum</expan> certa con&longs;tan&longs;que pr&aelig;&longs;criptio concepta a <lb/>nimo/facta lineis et angulis pfectaque animo &amp; ingenio erudito: <lb/>Quod &longs;i uelimus inue&longs;tigare <expan abbr="quidn&atilde;">quidnam</expan> <expan abbr="ip&longs;&utilde;">ip&longs;um</expan> &aelig;dificium totaque &longs;t<gap/>c <lb/>tura p &longs;e &longs;it/forta&longs;&longs;<gap/>s facient ad rem/&longs;i <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;iderabimus">con&longs;iderabimus</expan> quibus pri <lb/>mordiis quibu&longs;ue progre&longs;&longs;ibus inhabitandi &longs;edes / quas &aelig;dificia <lb/><expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant/olim">nuncupant/olim</expan> c&aelig;perint atque excieuerint: Qui &longs;i recte opinor/ <lb/>de tota hac re &longs;ic &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;umus. Principio genus <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> <lb/>in aliqua tuta regione &longs;ibi qu&aelig;&longs;iui&longs;&longs;e quie&longs;cendi &longs;patia: et illic in <lb/>uenta area u&longs;ui <expan abbr="c&otilde;moda">commoda</expan> et grata con&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e: atque &longs;itum ip&longs;um oc <lb/>cupaui&longs;&longs;e: ut non eodem loco fieri dome&longs;tica omnia et priuata <gap/>o <lb/>luerit: Sed alibi accubari/alibi focum haberi: alibi alia ad u&longs;um <lb/>collocari: Hic adco cepi&longs;&longs;e meditari ut tecta <expan abbr="poner&etilde;t">ponerent</expan>: quo e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>a &longs;ole et imbribus operti: Idque ut facerent adieci&longs;&longs;e: deinde parie <lb/>tum latera: quibus tecta <expan abbr="imponeren&ttilde;">imponerentur</expan>. Sic enim a gel<gap/>dis <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;ta">tempe&longs;ta</expan> <lb/>tibus &amp; pruino&longs;is uentis &longs;e futurus tutiores intelligebant: <expan abbr="Dom&utilde;">Domum</expan> <lb/>parietibus aperui&longs;&longs;e a &longs;olo in &longs;ublimi uias et fene&longs;tras: quibus <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>aditus et congre&longs;&longs;us darentur: tum et lumina et aur&aelig; aptis <expan abbr="t&etilde;po">tempo</expan> <lb/>ribus exciperentur: et concepta forta&longs;&longs;is intra lares aqua uapores <lb/>que expurgarentur. Ita quicunque ille &longs;uit &longs;eu Ve&longs;ta dea Saturni fi <lb/>lia/&longs;eu Heurialus Hiperbiu&longs;que fratres/ &longs;eu Gellio aut tra&longs;o/Cy <lb/>clops/ue Tiphinchius/qui i&longs;ta <expan abbr="pr&itilde;cipio">principio</expan> in&longs;tituerit: Tandem &longs;ic <lb/>puto hos fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cond&etilde;dorum">condendorum</expan> &aelig;dificiorum <expan abbr="pr&itilde;os">prinos</expan> ortus/primosque <expan abbr="ord&itilde;es">ordines</expan> 
<pb/>Demum excreui&longs;&longs;e u&longs;u et arte hanc rem arbitror: Variis &aelig;difiei <lb/>orum generibus inuentis: quo ad res prope infinita redacta e&longs;t. <lb/>Namque alia quidem publica: alia priuata: alia &longs;acra: alia profana <lb/>alia ad u&longs;um &amp; nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad urbis <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;t&utilde;">ornamentum</expan>: alia ad tem <lb/>plorum uoluptatem con&longs;tituuntur: Sed omnia ab his/ qu&aelig; recen <lb/>&longs;uimus principiis mana&longs;&longs;e negabit nemo. Que &longs;i ita &longs;unt in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t totam &aelig;dificandi rem con&longs;tare partibus &longs;ex: H&aelig; <lb/>&longs;unt eiu&longs;modi: Regio: Area: Partitio: Paries: Tectum: Apertio: <lb/>H&aelig;c principia &longs;i fuerint percognita fiet ut qu&aelig; dicturi &longs;umus fa <lb/>cilius intelligantur: Ergo ea &longs;ic finiemus. Namque erit quidem a <lb/>pud nos Regio circumexpo&longs;ita totius &longs;oli amplitudo &amp; facies: <lb/>ubi &aelig;dificandum &longs;it: cuius pars erit area. Area uero erit certum <lb/>quoddam loci per&longs;criptum &longs;patium: quod quidem muro ad u&longs;us <lb/>utilitatemque <expan abbr="ambian&ttilde;">ambiantur</expan>. Sed are&aelig; apellatione ueniet quoque id / quo <lb/>cunque ip&longs;um &aelig;dificii loco &longs;it: quod deambulantes ue&longs;tigio premi <lb/>mus. Partitio e&longs;t qu&aelig; totius &aelig;dificationis aream <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> minoris areas <lb/>partitur: unde fit ut qua&longs;i membris in unum adactis &amp; coaptatis <lb/>totum &aelig;dificii corpus minoribus &aelig;dificiis refertum &longs;it. Parietem <lb/>dicimu&longs; omnem &longs;tructuram: qu&aelig; a &longs;olo in altum &longs;urrexerit ad fe <lb/>rendum onus tectorum: qu&aelig; ue obducta &longs;tet ad interiora &aelig;dificii <lb/>u<gap/>cua obuallanda. Tectum appellamus non partem illam &aelig;di <lb/>ficii &longs;olum &longs;ublimem atque <expan abbr="extrem&atilde;/qua">extreman/qua</expan> pluui&aelig; intercipiuntur: <lb/>Verum et tectum id maxime e&longs;t quicquid late / longeque di&longs;ten <lb/>tum &longs;upra deambulantium caput ad&longs;tet: Quo ingenere &longs;unt con <lb/>tignationes/concamerationes/te&longs;tudinata: &amp; eiu&longs;modi. Aper <lb/>tiones nuncupamus quicquid e&longs;t ubique per &aelig;dificium: quod in <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;um/egre&longs;&longs;um ue inde incolis rebus ue pi&aelig;bent.</s>
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<s><margin.target id="marg2"></margin.target>d</s>
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<s>De his igitur &amp; de &longs;ingulorum partibus nobis dicendum e&longs;t: &longs;i <lb/>prius non nulla rettulci imus: qu&aelig; quidem &longs;eu principia/&longs;eu prin <lb/>cipiis no&longs;tri huius in&longs;tituti operis in&longs;ita atque innata &longs;unt: pluri <lb/>mum certe facient ad rem: Nam con&longs;iderantibus an &longs;it quippi <lb/>am/quod quibu&longs;que harum qu&aelig; diximu&longs; partium conferat / tria <lb/>inuenimus minime <expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&etilde;da">po&longs;tponenda</expan>: qu&aelig; <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> et tectis &amp; parietibus <lb/>et reliquis eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueni&atilde;t">conueniant</expan>: ea &longs;unt h&aelig;c. Vt &longs;int eorum
<pb/>&longs;ingula ad certum de&longs;tinatumque u&longs;um comoda et in primis &longs;alu <lb/>berrima: Ad firmitatem perpetuitatemque integra et &longs;olida &amp; ad <lb/>modum &aelig;terna: Ad gratiam et am&aelig;nitatem compta/compo&longs;ita: <lb/>et in omni parte &longs;ui/ut ita loquar/redimita. His qua&longs;i rerum dicen <lb/>darum primordiis et fundamentis iactis ad in&longs;titutum pro&longs;e qua <lb/>mur. Regionem ueteres ut omni nocuo liberam et commodita <lb/>tibus reforti&longs;&longs;imam haberent/quo ad eius fieri poterat/uehemen <lb/>ter elaborabant: Atque inprimis c&aelig;lum ne habituri e&longs;&longs;ent graue et <lb/>infe&longs;tum/omni diligentia p&aelig;nitus pr&aelig;cauebant/prudenti id qui <lb/>dem &amp; permaxime nece&longs;&longs;ario con&longs;ilio: Nam terram atque aquam <lb/>&longs;iquid habeat in &longs;e uitii/arte et ingenio corrigi po&longs;&longs;e non negant <lb/>Celum uero nulla ingenii ope/ nullaque hominum manu &longs;atis <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e emendari a&longs;&longs;euerant: Et <expan abbr="omn&itilde;o">omnino</expan> &longs;piritus anhelitus/quo uno <lb/>maxime uitam ali &longs;eruarique &longs;entimus/mirifice ad &longs;alutem confe <lb/>ret/&longs;i erit per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> puri&longs;&longs;imus: Tum et quantam habeat celum ingi <lb/>gnendi<gap/>/producendis/alendis / &longs;eruandi&longs;que rebus uim: quis e&longs;t <lb/>quem id fugiat? Quando &amp; pr&aelig;&longs;tare ingenio eos <expan abbr="&itilde;telligas">intelligas</expan> homi <lb/>nes: qui celo fruantur <expan abbr="puriore/&qtilde;">puriore/quae</expan> eos qui cra&longs;&longs;o et madenti. Qu&aelig; <lb/>una res poti&longs;&longs;imum effeci&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="credi&ttilde;/ut">creditur/ut</expan> athenien&longs;es acumine inge <lb/>nii multo pr&aelig;&longs;titerint thebanis. Celum pro &longs;itu &amp; locorum facie ali <lb/>um atque alium haberi &longs;entimus: quarum uarietatum <expan abbr="r&otilde;es">rones</expan> partim in <lb/>telligere uidemur/ptim natur&aelig; ob&longs;curitate abdit&aelig; atque ob&longs;tru&longs;&aelig; <lb/>nos penitus latent: Sed de manife&longs;tis prius: po&longs;t occultiora p&longs;cru <lb/>tabimur: quo regiones <expan abbr="c&otilde;modi&longs;&longs;imas">commodi&longs;&longs;imas</expan> deligere et &longs;aluberrime po&longs; <lb/>&longs;imus degere. Aerem ueteres theologi <expan abbr="pallad&etilde;">palladem</expan> nuncuparunt: &amp; <lb/>hanc Homerus <expan abbr="de&atilde;">deam</expan> <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> ait &amp; <expan abbr="glaucop&utilde;">glaucopum</expan> <expan abbr="apellari/pur&utilde;">apellari/purum</expan> &longs;ignificans <lb/>aerem: qui natura &longs;ui perlucidi&longs;&longs;imus &longs;it. Atqui in promptu qui <lb/>dem e&longs;t eum e&longs;&longs;e aerem &longs;aluberrimum: qui purgati&longs;&longs;imus: et per <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> puri&longs;&longs;imus &longs;it: qui acie ui&longs;us liberrime peruius: qui p lucidus: <lb/>qui leui&longs;&longs;imus: qui coequabilis et minime uarius. Tum contra <lb/>pe&longs;tiferum illic e&longs;&longs;e aerem &longs;tatuemus: ubi &longs;pi&longs;&longs;itudine <expan abbr="quad&atilde;">quadam</expan> aut <lb/>nebularum: Aut uaporum &longs;tet <expan abbr="c&otilde;cretus">concretus</expan> atque <expan abbr="fetul&etilde;tus">fetulentus</expan>. Vt <expan abbr="&qtilde;&longs;i">qua&longs;i</expan> quod <expan abbr="d&atilde;">dam</expan> <lb/>graue h&aelig;reat &longs;upciliis: atque <expan abbr="aci&etilde;">aciem</expan> premat. H&aelig;c ut ita &longs;int <expan abbr="utr&atilde;que">utranque</expan> in <lb/><expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> fieri <expan abbr="arbitror/c&utilde;">arbitror/cum</expan> c&aelig;teras ob <expan abbr="res/t&utilde;">res/tum</expan> &longs;olibus <expan abbr="max&itilde;e">maxine</expan> atque <expan abbr="u&etilde;to">uento</expan>. 
<pb/>Neque hic phy&longs;ica illa recen&longs;ebimus/quo pacto ui &longs;olis uapores ex <lb/>intimis terr&aelig; ui&longs;ceribus <expan abbr="exhaurian&ttilde;">exhauriantur</expan>: atque in &aelig;thera <expan abbr="tollan&ttilde;">tollantur</expan>. Quo <lb/>maximo in &longs;patio orbis ua&longs;tum incumulum coaggregati: aut im <lb/>mani mole &longs;ua face&longs;&longs;unt: aut radios &longs;olis excipiendo/ qua parte a <lb/>refacti &longs;unt eo in latus labun<gap/> &longs;uoque ca&longs;u aerem impellunt/uen <lb/>to&longs;que <expan abbr="concit&atilde;t">concitant</expan>: Indeque &longs;e&longs;e intra occeanum acti &longs;iti <expan abbr="immerg&utilde;t">immergunt</expan>: ma <lb/>ri demum infu&longs;i et humore pregnantes iterato aere uagando uen <lb/>tis <expan abbr="coercen&ttilde;">coercentur</expan>: et qua&longs;i &longs;pongia p&longs;tricti guttatim expre&longs;&longs;um humo <lb/>rem &longs;tillent atque impluant: quo &amp; noui terra uapores <expan abbr="concreen&ttilde;">concreentur</expan>: <lb/>Siue h&aelig;c uera &longs;int qu&aelig; recen&longs;uimus: &longs;iue <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> uentus aut &longs;icca fumo <lb/>&longs;itas terr&aelig;: Aut calida euaporatio mota a frigore <expan abbr="impell&etilde;te">impellente</expan>: &longs;iue <lb/>aeris flatus: &longs;iue purus aer mundi motu/aut &longs;yderum cur&longs;u &amp; radio <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;motus">commotus</expan>: &longs;iue generabilis <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> &longs;piritus &longs;uapte natura agitabilis/ <lb/>&longs;iue <expan abbr="quippi&atilde;">quippiam</expan> &longs;it/qd non in &longs;e ip&longs;o &longs;ed in aere potius o&longs;i&longs;tat <expan abbr="duct&utilde;">ductum</expan> <lb/>ex calida ui <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mi">&longs;ummi</expan> &aelig;theris atque incen&longs;ione <expan abbr="fc&atilde;">fcam</expan> ad <expan abbr="aer&etilde;">aerem</expan> liquentem: <lb/>Siue aliorum alia ulla ratio &amp; opinio indi&longs;qui&longs;itione habeda fumi <lb/>or &amp; antiquior e&longs;t/pretereundum cen&longs;eo/quod forta&longs;&longs;is ab re uideri <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it. Verum hinc ni fallor <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> ut po&longs;&longs;imus interpretari cur <lb/>&longs;it/quod uidemus alias orbis regiones e&longs;&longs;e eiu&longs;modi/ut aere gaude <lb/>ant l&aelig;ti&longs;&longs;imo: dum ali&aelig; illis contigu&aelig; &amp; prope po&longs;it&aelig; in &longs;inu <lb/>tri&longs;tiore celo et qua&longs;i me&longs;to die con&longs;o<gap/> de&longs;cant: Nanque id quidem <lb/>fieri <expan abbr="c&otilde;iecto">coniecto</expan> aliam nullam ob rem/ni&longs;i quod his cum &longs;olo: &amp; uen<gap/>is <lb/>non bene conueniat. Siracu&longs;as aiebat Cicero ita e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;itas. ut <lb/>integrum per annum accol&aelig; cuiu&longs;que diei &longs;olem uideant: iarum id <lb/>tamen <expan abbr="optand&utilde;/et">optandun/et</expan> quo ad nece&longs;&longs;itas: locique oportunitas non inter <lb/>pellarit/in primis affectandum: Summendaque ea omnium erit re <lb/>gio: ab qua nebularum uis: &amp; omnis <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;ioris">den&longs;ioris</expan> uaporis cra&longs;&longs;itudo <lb/>longe ab&longs;it. Compertum habent qui i&longs;ta &longs;ectantur / radios ar do <lb/>resque &longs;olis acrius agere/in quo den&longs;um offenderint: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in raro: In <lb/>oleo <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in aqua: in ferro <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in lana. Ex quo aerem: qui i&longs;tic <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in pro<lb/>ximo uehementius efferue&longs;cat: grauem cra&longs;&longs;umque e&longs;&longs;e arguunt. <lb/>Egyptii de nobilitate contendentes <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> c&aelig;teris o<gap/>bis gentibu&longs; glo <lb/>riabantur e&longs;&longs;e apud &longs;e hominum genus principio precieatum: ne <lb/>que alibi procreari <expan abbr="oportui&longs;&longs;e/&qtilde;">oportui&longs;&longs;e/quae</expan> ubi &longs;aluberrime e&longs;&longs;ent uicturi. 
<pb/>Se enim qua&longs;i perpetuo uere et con&longs;tanti aeris tenore pr&aelig; c&aelig;teris <lb/>omnibus deorum benignitate mirifice donatos e&longs;&longs;e: <expan abbr="T&utilde;">Tum</expan> et inter <lb/>&aelig;gyptios eos pre&longs;ertim qui ad <expan abbr="Lybi&atilde;">Lybiam</expan> &longs;pectent/quod ibi <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> aur&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="uarien&ttilde;/e&longs;&longs;e">uarientur/e&longs;&longs;e</expan> <expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> pr&aelig;ditos ualitudine homines p <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> integerrima <lb/>&longs;cribit Herodotus: Et certe uidere uideor urbes <expan abbr="qua&longs;d&atilde;">qua&longs;dam</expan> cum Ita <lb/>lie/tum &amp; aliarum gentium non <expan abbr="ali&atilde;">aliam</expan> ob <expan abbr="r&etilde;/&qtilde;">ren/quae</expan> ob aeris modo frigen <lb/>tis modo feruentis &longs;ubitam <expan abbr="int&etilde;piem">intempiem</expan> fieri morbo&longs;as atque pe&longs;tilen <lb/>tes: Itaque &amp; <expan abbr="&qtilde;t&utilde;">quatum</expan> &longs;olis &amp; quos &longs;oles habeat regio non iniuria <expan abbr="&longs;pect&atilde;">&longs;pectam</expan> <lb/>dum <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: Neqd ad&longs;it aut &longs;olis aut umbrarum/quod plus &longs;atis &longs;it. So <lb/>lem Garamantes <expan abbr="orient&etilde;">orientem</expan> et <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> execrantur/quod nimia radii <lb/>a&longs;&longs;iduitate <expan abbr="uran&ttilde;">urantur</expan>: Alii nocte <expan abbr="&qtilde;&longs;i">qua&longs;i</expan> ppetua pallent. H&aelig;c ita ut &longs;int <lb/>non id <expan abbr="tant&utilde;">tantum</expan> efficit quod orbis axem <expan abbr="pronior&etilde;">proniorem</expan> aut obliquiorem habe <lb/>ant/facit id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="plurimum/&qtilde;">plurimum/quae</expan> quod ip&longs;a locorum facie: aut obii <lb/>ciantur &longs;olibus atque uentis excipiendis/aut ob&longs;truantur. Malim <lb/>quidem auras <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="uentos/u&etilde;tos">uentos/uentos</expan> tamen <expan abbr="&qtilde;uis">quauis</expan> acres &amp; in modicos mi <lb/>nus <expan abbr="mode&longs;te/&qtilde;">mode&longs;te/quae</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;mobile">immobile</expan> &amp; perinde graue c&aelig;lum feram: et <expan abbr="capi&utilde;t">capiunt</expan> <lb/>inquit uitium Ouidius: ni moueantur aqu&aelig;: Quid aer: profecto <lb/>motu uehementer. ut ita loquar/hilare&longs;cit: Nam motu fieri <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <lb/>opinor/ut &longs;urgentes a terra uapores: aut di&longs;&longs;ipentur: aut motibus <lb/>in cale&longs;cendo concoquantur: Sed hos uentos uelim fractos obiec <lb/>tis montibus: et &longs;iluis: aut longa <expan abbr="c&otilde;migratione">commigratione</expan> la&longs;&longs;os apellere: <lb/>Velim et ne per loca apellant: unde raptum malum ad nos affe <lb/>rant. Idcirco uitandum <expan abbr="cuiu&longs;&qtilde;">cuiu&longs;quae</expan> uiciniam admonere: ex qua <expan abbr="noxi&utilde;">noxium</expan> <lb/>quid effluat: Quo ingenere &longs;unt teter odor/impuru&longs;que omnis ua <lb/>por palu&longs;trium fedarumque pr&aelig;&longs;ertim aquarum et fo&longs;&longs;ionum. <expan abbr="C&otilde;">Com</expan> <lb/>&longs;tat apud phy&longs;icos omnem fluuium qui niuibus excre&longs;cat/aerem <lb/>ducere frigidum et cra&longs;&longs;um. Sed inter aquas nulla erit <expan abbr="fedior/&qtilde;">fedior/quae</expan> <lb/>qu&aelig; motu nullo exagitata contabe&longs;cat: eritque morbo&longs;ior' uicini&aelig; <lb/>huiu&longs;modi contagio/quo uentis minus probatis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;titue&ttilde;">&longs;ub&longs;tituetur</expan>: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;">uem</expan> <lb/>tos <expan abbr="fer&utilde;t">ferunt</expan> &longs;uapte natura <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> e&longs;&longs;e tales ut &longs;alubres aut <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;alubres">in&longs;alubres</expan> <lb/>&longs;int: Sed <expan abbr="aquil&otilde;em">aquilonem</expan> inqt Plinius <expan abbr="theophra&longs;t&utilde;">theophra&longs;tum</expan> atque <expan abbr="Hippocrat&etilde;">Hippocratem</expan> &longs;e <lb/>cutus <expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <expan abbr="adbon&atilde;">adbonam</expan> <expan abbr="ualitudin&etilde;">ualitudinem</expan> <expan abbr="re&longs;titu&etilde;d&atilde;">re&longs;tituendam</expan> atque <expan abbr="&longs;eru&atilde;d&atilde;">&longs;eruandam</expan> accomo <lb/><expan abbr="dati&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">dati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>. <expan abbr="Hau&longs;tr&utilde;">Hau&longs;trum</expan> <expan abbr="affirm&atilde;t">affirmant</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> phy&longs;ici pr&aelig; <expan abbr="c&aelig;&ttilde;">c&aelig;tur</expan> is generi <expan abbr="h&otilde;in&utilde;">honinum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <expan abbr="noxi&utilde;">noxium</expan>: qn &amp; <expan abbr="pecud&etilde;">pecudem</expan> hau&longs;tro <expan abbr="fl&atilde;te">flante</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ine piculo <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> pa&longs;cuis 
<pb/>arbitrantur: Neque item &longs;e u&longs;piam temere ciconias hau&longs;tris com <lb/>mittere ob&longs;eruarunt: Delphines per aquilonem uoces audire au <lb/>ra &longs;ecundante: Hau&longs;tro uero et tardius audire/ et non ni&longs;i ex ad <lb/>uer&longs;o redditas: Spirante aquilone dies durare anguillam &longs;enos <lb/>&longs;ine aquis: hau&longs;tro non durare/tantam ine&longs;&longs;e huic uento cra&longs;&longs;i <lb/>tatem et in morbos uim: Itaque ut hau&longs;tro &aelig;grotari et admodum <lb/>pituito&longs;os reddi: ita et corocu&longs;&longs;uri referunt. Meridianum etiam <lb/>mare improbant una pr&aelig;&longs;ertim re quod radiorum flexionibus obiec <lb/>tam regionem duos pati &longs;oles iudicent: unum c&aelig;lo/alterum ab a <lb/>quis inurentem: Et maximam illic fieri uarietatem aeris &longs;ole ca <lb/>dente intelligunt: Vbi frigentes umbr&aelig; noctis aduenerint. Et <lb/>&longs;unt qui occiduas appul&longs;iones flexione&longs;que radiorum: &longs;eu ab aquis <lb/>et mari: &longs;eu a montibus remittantur: c&aelig;teris mole&longs;tiores putent/ <lb/>quod integro eius diei &longs;ole iam incalefactum locum plus &longs;atis fer <lb/>uidiorem reddant/&aelig;&longs;tu adducto et flexionibus congeminato: <lb/>Quod &longs;i dabitur ut his cum &longs;olibus grauiores etiam uenti: li <lb/>beros ad te habeant aditus/ quid erit/quod mole&longs;tius aut minus <lb/>ferendum &longs;it? Matutinas etiam auras/qu&aelig; crudos ob&longs;urgentes <lb/>uapores offerant/non inmerito longe improbabunt: Diximus de <lb/>&longs;ole et uentis/quibus aerem uariari/et &longs;alubrem atque in&longs;alubrem <lb/>fieri manife&longs;to &longs;entimus: et diximus/breui&longs;&longs;ime quo ad hic dicen <lb/>dum uidebatur: et de his &longs;uo loco di&longs;tinctius per&longs;crutabimur.</s>
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<s>RVRSVS in captanda regione conueniet: Vt &longs;it ea quidem <lb/>eiu&longs;modi/ut incolis omni exparte bene &longs;it futurum/cum rerum <lb/>natura: et cum reliquorum hominum genere atque conuictu. <expan abbr="Nequeen&itilde;">Neque<lb/>enim</expan> ego illic/ubi condere Callicula <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> de&longs;tinauerat in alpium <lb/>arduo aliquo et difficili iugo/ni&longs;i maxima cogat nece&longs;&longs;itas: &aelig;di <lb/>ficabo. Vitabo et de&longs;ertam &longs;olitudinem: qualem uarro fui&longs;&longs;e re <lb/>fert partem galli&aelig;/qu&aelig; inter adienum &longs;it/qualemue &longs;cribit ce&longs;ar <lb/>p&longs;ua fui&longs;&longs;e tempora Britaniam: Neque placebit: &longs;i illic uti in&longs;ula <lb/><expan abbr="p&otilde;ti">ponti</expan> oenoe <expan abbr="uiu&etilde;d&utilde;">uiuendum</expan> erit ouis <expan abbr="tant&utilde;">tantum</expan> <expan abbr="aui&utilde;">auium</expan>: aut &longs;i glande uti apud hi&longs; <lb/><expan abbr="pani&atilde;">paniam</expan> Plinii <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> nuliis <expan abbr="uiueb&atilde;t">uiuebant</expan> locis: Velim <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> nihil <lb/>de&longs;it: qd <expan abbr="adu&longs;&utilde;">adu&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="futur&utilde;">futurum</expan> &longs;it Pr&aelig;clare alexander negauit uelle <expan abbr="&itilde;mon">immon</expan> <lb/>te Athos condere urbem / alioquin futuram ex Polycratis archi 
<pb/>tecti commento admirabilem/ea re/quod rerum <expan abbr="afflu&etilde;tiam">affluentiam</expan> incol&aelig; <lb/>habituri non e&longs;&longs;ent: Ari&longs;toteli forta&longs;&longs;is poterat placere ea regio: <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;ertim condendis urbibus/qu&aelig; difficiles haberet aditus: Et <lb/>comperio fui&longs;&longs;e gentes: qu&aelig; &longs;uos fines de&longs;erti&longs;&longs;imos et de&longs;tituti&longs; <lb/>&longs;imos longe ac late ho&longs;tium <expan abbr="incommod&atilde;dorum">incommodandorum</expan> gratia e&longs;&longs;e affec <lb/>tarint: Horum rationes proba&longs;&longs;e ne <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniat/">conueniat/</expan> an <expan abbr="n&otilde;alibi">nonalibi</expan> di&longs;cep <lb/>tabimus: Sed h&aelig;c &longs;i ita iuuant publicis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> rebus/non <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>ut eorum in&longs;titutum improbem: At reliquis profecto &aelig;dificiis <lb/><expan abbr="pon&etilde;dis">ponendis</expan> mihi ea p placebit regio/qu&aelig; et multos et uarios habebit <lb/>aditus: quibus et naui et iumento et iugo <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> &aelig;&longs;tate/tum et hyeme <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria commodi&longs;&longs;ime po&longs;&longs;int conuehi: Atqui erit ip&longs;a regio <lb/>neque <expan abbr="aquar&utilde;">aquarum</expan> exuberantia madida neque &longs;iccitate a&longs;pera: &longs;ed habilis <lb/>et <expan abbr="cont&etilde;perabilis">contemperabilis</expan>: Aut &longs;i id ex <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> nequeat: paulo frigentem <lb/>et <expan abbr="&longs;iccam/&qtilde;">&longs;iccam/quae</expan> minus calentem et plus &longs;atis humectam eligemus: <lb/>Nam tecto/pariete/ue&longs;te/igne/motu frigora <expan abbr="uincen&ttilde;">uincentur</expan> <expan abbr="Siccitat&etilde;">Siccitatem</expan> <lb/>quidem cur uehementer hominum corpora aut ingenia l&aelig;dat ha <lb/>bere in &longs;e quippiam haud multum arbitrantur: Tum et &longs;iccis du <lb/>re&longs;cere /frigidis forta&longs;&longs;is horre&longs;cere homines putant: Verum hu <lb/>midis tabe&longs;cere corpora omnia et calidis &longs;olui affirmant: Et uide <lb/>re licet cum frigida propter tempora <expan abbr="homines/t&utilde;">homines/tum</expan> et frigenti loco <lb/>habitantes corpore &longs;tare ualido et morbis libero. Tam et &longs;i &longs;tatu <lb/>aut calentibus locis excellere ingenia/frigentibus pr&aelig;&longs;tare corpo <lb/>ra: Tum ex appiano hi&longs;torico intellexi Numidas ea de re <expan abbr="max&itilde;e">maxine</expan> <lb/>longeuos e&longs;&longs;e quod hyemem <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> habeant frigentem: Omnium <lb/>tum <expan abbr="opt&itilde;a">optina</expan> erit regio: qu&aelig; &longs;ubhumecta et tepens &longs;it: Proceros: n: <lb/>et uenu&longs;tos ea homines feret/atque etiam minime tri&longs;tes. Secundo <lb/>loco ea erit Regio percommoda/qu&aelig; niuo&longs;is in prouinciis plus <lb/>c&aelig;teris habebit &longs;olis/et qu&aelig; &longs;olibus are&longs;centi inprouincia plus ha <lb/>bebit humecti atque umbrarum: Sed nullo ponetur loco &aelig;dificium <lb/>utcunque ip&longs;um &longs;it: <expan abbr="inc&otilde;modius">incommodius</expan> atque indecentius/quam cum intra <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;uallem">conuallem</expan> abditum &longs;it: Nam ut cetera obmittam/qu&aelig; <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> promptu <lb/>&longs;unt: ea &longs;ine ulla dignitate delite&longs;cere/et pro&longs;pectus am&aelig;nitate in <lb/>tercepta nullam habere gratiam: Quid illud/quod breui fiat/ut <lb/>imbrium ruinis obruatur: et circum fluentibus aquis infundatur 
<pb/>&amp; in modico imbibito humore continuo made&longs;cat: &amp; terrenum <lb/>uaporem ualitudini hominum uehementer noxium a&longs;&longs;iduo effu <lb/>met. Non illic ualebunt ingenia hebetatis &longs;piritibus: Non illic <lb/>durabunt corpora. Commaceratis compagibus putre&longs;cent libri: <lb/>arma &amp; qu&aelig;cumque in horreis erunt: marce&longs;cent denique/uitiabun <lb/>tur uliginis exuberantia. Tum &longs;i eo ingreditur &longs;ol undique reci <lb/>procatis radiis torrebuntur: Si non excipient <expan abbr="&longs;oles/crude&longs;c&etilde;t">&longs;oles/crude&longs;cent</expan> um <lb/>bra/atque torpebunt. Adde his quod uentus &longs;i eo penetrat qua&longs;i cana <lb/>libus coarctatus durius et mole&longs;tius furit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> par e&longs;t: Si non ingre <lb/>ditur fit ut concretus illic aer ut ita dicam/lute&longs;cat: Conuallem <lb/>enim i&longs;tiu&longs;modi po&longs;&longs;umus non indecenter lacunam &longs;tagnum ue <lb/>putare aeris. Itaque erit quidem loci forma et digna et am&aelig;na: qu&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="nequa&qtilde;">nequaquae</expan> humilis et qua&longs;i immer&longs;a: &longs;ed qu&aelig; cel&longs;a &amp; admodum &longs;pe <lb/>culatrix fiet: et quo l&aelig;ti&longs;&longs;imus aer a&longs;&longs;iduo aliquo &longs;piritu mouea <lb/>tur. Habebit pr&aelig;terea earum rerum <expan abbr="copi&atilde;">copiam</expan>: qu&aelig; u&longs;ui et uolupta <lb/>ti u&longs;que futura <expan abbr="&longs;int/aqu&atilde;/ignem/e&longs;cam">&longs;int/aquan/ignem/e&longs;cam</expan>: Sed in his <expan abbr="&longs;eru&atilde;dum">&longs;eruandum</expan> erit <lb/>nequid inde &longs;aluti et rebus hominum officiat: Aperiendi gu&longs;tan <lb/>dique fontes: Spectand&aelig; &amp; ignibus aqu&aelig; nequid ui&longs;co&longs;i/ mucidi <lb/>crudulenti ue in &longs;e admixtum habeant: quo incol&aelig; in morbos in <lb/>cidant: Sino illud quod aquis fit/ut gutturoli calculo&longs;ique reddan <lb/>tur. Sino &amp; rariora illa <expan abbr="aquar&utilde;">aquarum</expan> miracula: qu&aelig; et docte et elegan <lb/>ter colligit Vitruuius arehitectus. Extat Hippocratis phy&longs;ici <lb/>&longs;ententia/aquam non depuratam &longs;ed grauem &amp; &longs;apore non <expan abbr="dec&etilde;">decem</expan> <lb/>ti qui biberint: hi uentre &aelig;&longs;tuo&longs;o et <expan abbr="tum&etilde;ti">tumenti</expan> <expan abbr="fi&etilde;t">fient</expan>: C&aelig;tera corporis <lb/>membra cubiti/ &longs;patule/ facies reddentur p&aelig;nitus extenuata: &amp; <lb/>mirum in modum gracilia. Adde quod uitio &longs;plenis male concre <lb/>to &longs;anguine inmorbos incident uarios et pe&longs;ti&longs;entes. E&longs;tate prolu <lb/>uie uentris fluente bile etdi&longs;&longs;olutis humoribus deficient: Tum et <lb/>morbis grauioribus atque diutinis <expan abbr="integr&utilde;">integrum</expan> p annum laborabunt: a <lb/>qua intercus et pr&aelig;cordiorum angu&longs;tia et anxietatibus laterum <lb/>urgebuntur. Iuniores bili atra in&longs;anient: &longs;enes humorum incedio <lb/>flagrabunt. Femin&aelig; &aelig;gre concipient: et per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> difficiles partus e <lb/>nitentur: Omnis denique &aelig;tas et &longs;exus morte immatura intempe <lb/>&longs;tiue cadet acta morbis atque ab&longs;umpta: Dies uero uit&aelig; i&longs;torum aget 
<pb/>nullus: non tri&longs;tes et coinquinatos malis humoribus atque <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> <lb/>perturbationum genere uexatos: tum et animo exagitati &longs;emper <lb/>erunt in m&aelig;rore atque luctu. Plura po&longs;&longs;ent de aquis dici: qu&aelig; uete <lb/>res hi&longs;torici annotarunt/uaria &amp; admirabilia: &amp; ad hominum ge <lb/>nus bene atque male habendum ualidi&longs;&longs;ima: Sed rara illa et forta&longs; <lb/>&longs;is ad peritiam o&longs;tentandam: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad rem edi&longs;&longs;erendam facerent: <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <lb/>et de aquis prolixius &longs;uo dicetur loco. Illud adeo negligendum <lb/>non e&longs;t/quod in promptu e&longs;t aqua nutriri omnia qu&aelig; coale&longs;cant <lb/>plantas/&longs;omina: et quibus ea uit&aelig; pars ine&longs;t / qu&aelig; motu uigeat: <lb/>quorum fructu et copia reficiantur homines atque nutriantur. Id &longs;i <lb/>ita e&longs;t profecto quos nam habeat &longs;uccos aquarum h&aelig;c in qua <expan abbr="uit&atilde;">uitam</expan> <lb/>acturi &longs;umus regio quam diligenti&longs;&longs;ime &longs;crutari oportet. <expan abbr="Indi&atilde;">Indiam</expan> <lb/>inquit Dyodorus multa ex parte habere homines proceros et uali <lb/>dos ingenioque pr&aelig;ditos acri/quod aerem ducant purum &amp; aquas &longs;a <lb/>luberrimas bibant. Atqui aquam dicemus e&longs;&longs;e &longs;apore optimam/ <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;aporem habeat nullum: et colore commodi&longs;&longs;imam/qu&aelig; om <lb/>ni &longs;it colore penitus uacua et libera. Tum et aquam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optim&atilde;">optimam</expan> <lb/>referunt/qu&aelig; limpida perlucida et tenuis &longs;it: qu&aelig; in <expan abbr="candid&utilde;">candidum</expan> lin <lb/>teum infu&longs;a non <expan abbr="c&otilde;macularit">commacularit</expan>: qu&aelig; feruefacta fecem non dimi&longs;erit <lb/>Qu&aelig; mu&longs;co&longs;um alueum quo perfluat et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim &longs;axa coinqui <lb/>nata non reddiderit. Addunt aquam per commodam e&longs;&longs;e in qua <lb/>legumina decocta bene <expan abbr="mite&longs;c&atilde;t">mite&longs;cant</expan>: et bonam qua bonum efficias pa <lb/>nem. <expan abbr="Per&longs;crut&atilde;dum">Per&longs;crutandum</expan> item pari ratione nequid edat regio/quod <lb/>&longs;it pe&longs;tilens aut ueneficum quo ad qui degant eo loci in periculo <lb/>&longs;int. Sino illa qu&aelig; apud ueteres celebrantur / Colco ex frondibus <lb/>arborum &longs;tillare mel/quo gu&longs;tato pro&longs;temantur exanimes diem <lb/>que integrum pro mortuis habeantur. Et quod <expan abbr="ai&utilde;t">aiunt</expan> in antonii exer <lb/>citu herbarum uitio eueni&longs;&longs;e: quas frumenti inopia milites cum <lb/>edi&longs;&longs;ent in&longs;ani facti lapidibus fodiendis intenti u&longs;que eo &longs;e&longs;e exagi <lb/>tabant/quo ad bili commota caderent atque <expan abbr="interir&etilde;t">interirent</expan> nullo tuti re <lb/>medio contra pernitiem/ut &longs;cribit Plutarcus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uino epoto: trita <lb/>h&aelig;c. Quid hac &aelig;tat<gap/>apud Apuleam inItalia &longs;uperi boni/qu&aelig; <expan abbr="n&atilde;">nam</expan> <lb/>incredibilis ueneni uis increbuit <gap/>exterre&longs;tribus non nullis arane <lb/>olis quarum mor&longs;u homines aduaria in&longs;ani&aelig; <expan abbr="deliram&etilde;ta">deliramenta</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;citan&ttilde;">concitantur</expan> 
<pb/>atque ueluti per furorem acti <expan abbr="repi&utilde;tur">repiuntur</expan>: Mirum dictu. Nullus gra <lb/>uis tumor: Nullus liuor extat/qui corpore u&longs;piam appareat iac <lb/>tus uenefic&aelig; be&longs;tiol&aelig; &longs;eu mor&longs;u/&longs;eu aculeo: Sed principio obrec <lb/>ta mente languente attoniti: &amp; ni opem afferant / confe&longs;tim pere <lb/>unt. Hos Theophra&longs;ti medicamentis curant: Qui quidem uipe <lb/>rarum mor&longs;ibus tybicine adhibi<gap/>a mederi a&longs;&longs;euerabat. Ergo uari <lb/>is modorum &longs;onis mu&longs;ici ita con&longs;ternatos mulcent. Cum uero ad <lb/>&longs;uum uentum e&longs;t canendi modum/illico qua&longs;i exciti a&longs;&longs;urgunt: <lb/>&amp; per alacritatem ex libidine animi rem omni ne<gap/>uorum &amp; uiri <lb/>um contentione execuntur. Atqui uidebis demor&longs;os alios &longs;alti <lb/>tando/Alios canendo/Alios alia exercendo &amp; conando qu&aelig; libi <lb/>do eorum &amp; in&longs;ania fert ad ultimam u&longs;que la&longs;&longs;itudinem: ne <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicquae</expan> <lb/>intermi&longs;&longs;a opera dies plu&longs;culos de&longs;udare &amp; nulla re alia conuale <lb/>&longs;cere ni&longs;i &longs;atietate <expan abbr="c&otilde;cept&aelig;">concept&aelig;</expan> incohateque dementi&aelig;. Atqui &longs;imile <lb/>quiddam apud Albanos eos/qui contra Pompeium multa equi <lb/>tum ui bellarunt affui&longs;&longs;e legimus. Nanque illic &longs;olitas <expan abbr="fer&utilde;t">ferunt</expan> gigni <lb/>araneas: quarum ali&aelig; tactos a &longs;e homines cogerent ridendo emo <lb/>ri: ali&aelig; contra flendo.</s>
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<s>Neque item in&longs;eligenda regione ea &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e tantum &longs;at e&longs;t: qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ub a&longs;pectu &amp; propalam &longs;unt expo&longs;ita/ Verum etiam ob&longs;euriori <lb/>bus inditiis notatis totam cau&longs;am animo aduerti&longs;&longs;e opus e&longs;t. At <lb/>qui erunt quidem inditia optimi aeris/integrarumque aquarum &longs;i <lb/>ea regio feret bonorum fructuum copiam. Si &longs;enes &aelig;tate grandes <lb/>numero complures nutriat: Si ualida &amp; formo&longs;a iuuentute/ Si in <lb/>tegro &amp; frequenti partu abbundabit: Adde &longs;i puros partus &amp; nul <lb/>lis mon&longs;tris fedatos dabit. Nanque ego uidi quidem urbes/quas <lb/>temporum gratia non nomino/in quibus parturiat nulla qu&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;e &longs;pectet una hominis: Atque pr&aelig;terea mon&longs;tri alicuius effectam <lb/>matrem. Vidi &amp; urbem aliam Itali&aelig;: ubi &longs;trum&aelig;/&longs;trabi/claudi <lb/>&amp; tortuo&longs;i tam multi na&longs;cantur/ Vt nulla pene illic creuerit fa <lb/>milia/qu&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> aliquem habeat mancum et comminutum. Et pro <lb/>fecto recte admonent/ubi corporis ad corpus membri ue ad <gap/>m <lb/>bra crebras ac maximas di&longs;&longs;imilitudines uideris: id celi aeri&longs;que<lb/>ui ac uitio: aut occultiori aliqua depra<gap/>at&aelig; natur&aelig; cau&longs;a fieri. 
<pb/>Et faciat ad rem quod aiunt in cra&longs;&longs;o aere minus fame&longs;cimus: In <lb/>tenui plus &longs;itiunt. Neque non condecet ex aliorum animantium <lb/>forma atque effigie futuras hominum habitudines coniecta&longs;&longs;e. <lb/>Nam &longs;i iumenta &amp; pecora firmi&longs;&longs;ima/ &amp; membrorum amplitu <lb/>dine atque proten&longs;ione multa e&longs;&longs;e illic uiderint/tales &longs;e habituros <lb/>itidem filios poterunt non iniuria &longs;pera&longs;&longs;e: Neque ab re erit &longs;i a <lb/>corporibus reliquis/quibus uit&aelig; uigor extinctus <expan abbr="e&longs;t/&itilde;ditia">e&longs;t/inditia</expan> &longs;ump <lb/>&longs;erimus aeris atque uentorum. Namque ex proximis &aelig;dificiorum <lb/>ftructuris ea didici&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;umus: Qu&aelig; &longs;i erunt facta &longs;cabra &amp; ea <lb/>rio&longs;a/inditio erit aduentitia inde mala conf<gap/>uere. Arbores etiam <lb/>in unam aliquam partem qua&longs;i communi con&longs;en&longs;u proclinat&aelig;: <lb/>aut refract&aelig; in fe&longs;tis uentorum motibus ce&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e o&longs;tentant. Ip&longs;aque<lb/>rediuiuia &longs;axa locis innata/aut po&longs;ita / &longs;i &longs;ummotenus plus &longs;atis <lb/>putria facta &longs;unt: Variam loci intemperiem nunc arde&longs;centis / <lb/>nunc torpentis aeris atte&longs;tantur. Et uitanda nimirum h&aelig;c in pri <lb/>mis erit regio/qua uehementes i&longs;tiu&longs;modi temporum tempe&longs;ta <lb/>tumque motus cra&longs;&longs;entur: Nam mortalium corpora &longs;i caloris aut <lb/>frigoris acri appellente ui occupentur / illico tota corporis coag <lb/>mentatio: &amp; &longs;ingularum partium connexio labefactatur ac &longs;olui <lb/>tur: &amp; ad morbos immaturamque &longs;enectutem compellitur. Vr <lb/>bem &longs;ub montibus/qu&aelig; exprocliui &longs;olem &longs;pectet occidentem: uel <lb/>ea re maxime in&longs;alubrem e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="affirm&atilde;t">affirmant</expan>: quod mox anhelitus noc <lb/>tis et umbr&aelig; gelidio<gap/>es &longs;entiantur.</s>
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<s>Conuenit etiam pr&aelig;teritorum temporum uici&longs;&longs;itudine ex <expan abbr="prud&etilde;">prudem</expan> <lb/>tum ob&longs;eruatione repetita/&longs;iqua &longs;unt etiam rariora omni diligen <lb/>tia pr&aelig;cogita&longs;&longs;e. Nam &longs;unt loca qu&aelig;dam quibus ine&longs;t natura oc <lb/>cultum quippiam/quod ad felicitatem atque infelicitatem faciat. <lb/>Locris et Croton&aelig; nunquam fui&longs;&longs;e pe&longs;tem referunt. In in&longs;ula cre <lb/>te nullum nocuum uer&longs;ari animal. Apud Gallias raro ui&longs;um <lb/>oriri mon&longs;trum annotarunt. Alibi neque &aelig;&longs;tate feruenti: neque <lb/>hyeme fulgurare affirmant phy&longs;ici. At in Campania inquit <lb/>Plinius per id tempus ciuitatibus ad meridiem po&longs;itis fulgu <lb/>rat. Ceraumnia apud Epirum montes ferunt dictos a cre <lb/>bris fulminibus. Tum &amp; Beumnium in&longs;ulam 
<pb/>quod illic a&longs;&longs;idua fulmina iaciantur/poetis dedi&longs;&longs;e inquit Seruius: <lb/>Vt eo loci Vulcanum cecidi&longs;&longs;e dicerent. Apud Bo&longs;phoium &amp; <lb/>in&longs;odones tonitrua &amp; fulgura nunquam ui&longs;a atte&longs;tantur. &aelig;gypto <lb/>portenti loco e&longs;t &longs;i pluerit. Apud Hyda&longs;pem &aelig;&longs;tatis initio conti <lb/>nui imbres manant. In Lybia tam raros moueri uentos ferunt: ut <lb/>ex celi cra&longs;&longs;itudine uari&aelig; per aerem concret&aelig; uaporibus &longs;pecies <lb/>&longs;pectentur. At contra maiore in parte Galati&aelig; per &aelig;&longs;tatem tanta <lb/>uis perflat uenti: Vt lapides pro harena per &longs;ublime trahat. In <lb/>Hy&longs;pania ad hiberum circio uento onerata per celi plau&longs;tra pr&aelig; <lb/>dicant. Notum quidem apud &aelig;thiopiam non perflare: Hunc ue <lb/>ro apud Arabes uentum &amp; toglodytas uirentia omnia exurere af <lb/>firmant hi&longs;torici. Delon quidem nunquam fui&longs;&longs;e terr&aelig;motibus <lb/>uexatam/ Sed &longs;emper eodem man&longs;i&longs;&longs;e &longs;axo / cum circumuicin&aelig; <lb/>terr&aelig;motibus c&aelig;ciderint &longs;cribit Tuchidides: partem eam Itali&aelig; <lb/>qu&aelig; ab algido &longs;ub Roma <expan abbr="tot&utilde;">totum</expan> hernicorum collium tractu ad ca <lb/>pua u&longs;que e&longs;t/crebris teri&aelig;motibus qua&longs;&longs;atam: &amp; prope de&longs;ola <lb/>tam uidemus. Sunt qui Achaiam a crebra aquarum inundatio <lb/>ne dictam extiment. Romam &aelig;ternum &longs;ebrico&longs;am fui&longs;&longs;e compe <lb/>rio: Ea&longs;que febres Galienus nouum emitritarum e&longs;&longs;e genus putet: <lb/>Cui uaria &amp; prope pugnantia inuarias horas remedia adhibenda <lb/>&longs;unt. Apud poetas uetus fabula e&longs;t Typhonem prochita in&longs;ula &longs;e <lb/>pultum &longs;e &longs;e non interrato commouere: ex quo fiat ut funditus <lb/>in&longs;ula contremi&longs;cat: Id quidem poet&aelig; &longs;ic cecinere quoniam ter <lb/>r&aelig;motibus in&longs;ula &amp; eruptionibus uexaretur/adeo ut Etrien&longs;es: <lb/>&amp; calchiden&longs;es habi<gap/> tores olim coacti &longs;int aufugere: &amp; rur&longs;us <lb/>qui po&longs;t tempora a Hyerone Syracu&longs;ano mi&longs;&longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent / ut nouam <lb/>illic urbem conderent/a&longs;&longs;idui periculi et calamitatis metu au&longs;u <lb/>gerunt. Itaque eiu&longs;modi omnia ex longa ob&longs;eruatione repetenda <lb/>&longs;unt &amp; ex aliorum locorum &longs;imilitudinibus comparanda/ quo to <lb/>ta ratio integrior habeatur.</s>
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<s>Quin et di&longs;quirendum an nullis incommodis occultioribus ea re <lb/>gio offendi a&longs;&longs;ueuerit: Putabat plato e&longs;&longs;e ut locis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> nullis <expan abbr="diu&itilde;a">diuina</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="qu&aelig;d&atilde;">qu&aelig;dam</expan> <expan abbr="interd&utilde;">interdum</expan> in&longs;piret uigetque uis ac <expan abbr="demon&utilde;">demonum</expan> terminatio incolis <lb/>aut propitia aut contra infe&longs;ta. Sunt quidem loca quibus homines 
<pb/>facile in&longs;aniant: quibus &longs;e &longs;e facile in pernitiem dedant: quibus <lb/>aut &longs;u&longs;pendio aut pr&aelig;cipitio aut ferro et ueneno facile uitam po <lb/>nant. Adde his quod &longs;ecretioribus iterum natur&aelig; inditiis per&longs;eru <lb/>tatis/qu&aelig;cunque ad rem faciant pen&longs;ita&longs;&longs;e opus e&longs;t. Vetus a De <lb/>metrio u&longs;que ductum in&longs;titutum non modo urbibus: &amp; oppidis / <lb/>Verum etiam militaribus in dies ca&longs;tris ponendis: Vt iecora de <lb/>pa&longs;tarum illic pecudum in&longs;pectemur quo &longs;int habitu &amp; colore: <lb/>Qu&aelig; &longs;i forte uitio infecta apparuerint/uitandam loci in&longs;alubrita <lb/>tem pr&aelig; &longs;e ferunt. Aiebat Varro compertum habere &longs;e locis <lb/>quibu&longs;dam minuti&longs;&longs;ima qu&aelig;dam athomorum in&longs;tar uolitare ani <lb/>mantia aere: &amp; anhelitu in pulmone excepta h&aelig;rere pr&aelig;cordiis: <lb/>Et rodnedo inferre morbum atrum &amp; <expan abbr="tabific&utilde;">tabificum</expan>: atque perinde pe <lb/>&longs;tem pernitiemque afferre. Neque illud pr&aelig;tereundum e&longs;t/quod lo <lb/>ca inuenies aliqua &longs;uapte natura incommodis prope omnibus ua <lb/>cua &amp; periculis libera: Sed ita &longs;unt expo&longs;ita/ut eo gentes exter&aelig; <lb/>&amp; aduentiti&aelig;/non interraro pe&longs;tem &amp; calamitatem inferant.</s>
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<s>Eamque rem non armis tantum &amp; iniuria exequuntur qualia &longs;unt <lb/>qu&aelig; Barbaris atque immanibus obiiciantur: Verum &amp; per amiciti <lb/>am atque <expan abbr="ho&longs;pitalitat&etilde;">ho&longs;pitalitatem</expan> uehementer ledant. Aliqui quod uicinos cupi <lb/>dos rerum nouarum habuerint / ex illorum ruina et iactura pere <lb/>clitati &longs;unt. Peram in ponto ianuen&longs;ium coloniam a&longs;&longs;iduo pe&longs;tis <lb/>uexat/quod eo loci in dies excipiantur conuecti &longs;erui cum animi <lb/>egritudine. tum et &longs;itu atque illuui&aelig; tabe&longs;centes &amp; morbidi.</s>
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<s>Au&longs;piciis item &amp; &longs;eruato celo regionis futuram fortunam inda <lb/>ga&longs;&longs;e prudentis &amp; bene con&longs;ulti e&longs;&longs;e affirmant: Quas ego artes <lb/>modo cum relligione conueniant/minime a&longs;pernendas duco.</s>
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<s>Quis id negabit quicquid id ip&longs;um &longs;it quod fortunam <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant">nuncupant</expan> <lb/>in rebus hominum ualere plurimum? Ne uero affirmabimus pu <lb/>blicam urbis Rom&aelig; fortunam ad propagandum imperium ualu <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e non plurimum. yolai urbem in &longs;ardis ab Herculis nepote <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>ditam/ &amp; &longs;i a Carthaginen&longs;ibus Romani&longs;que per&longs;&aelig;pius armis la <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ita extiterit: <expan abbr="&aelig;tern&utilde;">&aelig;ternum</expan> tamen fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="liber&atilde;">liberam</expan> &longs;cribit Dyodorus. An <lb/>id ab&longs;que loci illius fortuna <expan abbr="fc&utilde;m">fcumm</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> apud delphos/ut <expan abbr="t&etilde;pl&utilde;">templum</expan> a Flegi <lb/>a prius <expan abbr="&itilde;c&etilde;&longs;um/tertio">incen&longs;um/tertio</expan> <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;yll&aelig; <expan abbr="tp&otilde;ribus">tporribus</expan> arderet? qd &amp; <expan abbr="capitoli&utilde;">capitolium</expan> 
<pb/>quotiens ar&longs;it? quotiens flagrauit? Sibaricen&longs;ium uibs cum <expan abbr="iter&utilde;">iterum</expan> <lb/>atque iterum uexata et rur&longs;us de&longs;tituta et rur&longs;us deleta extiti&longs;&longs;et: <lb/>Po&longs;tremo etiam de&longs;erta man&longs;it: Quin &amp; illinc fugientes m<gap/><lb/>pro&longs;ecuta felic<gap/>as e&longs;t: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> cum alio &longs;e &longs;e <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;tuli&longs;&longs;ent">tran&longs;tuli&longs;&longs;ent</expan>, nomenque ur <lb/>bis pri&longs;tinum ab<gap/>ieci&longs;&longs;ent: tandem calamitate e&longs;&longs;e immunes neq c <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> potuere: Nouis enim irruentibus incolis uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;im&aelig; atque pri <lb/>mari&aelig; famili&aelig; omnes ferro et c&aelig;de ab&longs;umpte una cum templis et <lb/>urbe funditus periere: Sed i&longs;ta &longs;inamus: <expan abbr="quor&utilde;">quorum</expan> referti&longs;&longs;im&aelig; &longs;unt <lb/>hi&longs;torie. Hoc apud nos con&longs;tet hominis e&longs;&longs;e non &longs;tulti&longs;&longs;imi / om <lb/>nia tentare aggredi: quibus &aelig;dificationis cura atque impen&longs;a futu <lb/>ra &longs;it non fru&longs;tra/opu&longs;que ip&longs;um futurum &longs;it con&longs;tans &amp; &longs;aluberri <lb/>mum: Et profecto in tanta re exequenda nihil pretermi&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;api&etilde;">&longs;apiem</expan> <lb/>tis &amp; bene co<gap/>&longs;iderati hominis officium e&longs;t. An e&longs;t non <expan abbr="maxim&utilde;">maximum</expan> <lb/>tioi tui&longs;que agg redi/ quod ad <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> faciat/quod ad uitam cum di <lb/>gnitate &amp; uoluptate agendam conueniat: Quod adnominis po&longs;te <lb/>ritatem &amp; celebritatem conferat. I&longs;tic tibi rerum &longs;tudia optima <lb/>rum: I&longs;tic tibi liberi &amp; dul<gap/>is familia. I&longs;tic ocii &amp; negocii dies ha <lb/>bebuntur: I&longs;tic totius uit&aelig; rationes con&longs;umentur: ut tota in uita <lb/>nihil apud genus hominum inuenire epiner pr&aelig;ter uirtutem/cui <lb/>maiore cura/opera/diligentia uacandum <expan abbr="&longs;it/&qtilde;">&longs;it/quae</expan> ut &longs;o&longs;pite eum fa <lb/>milia bene habites: &amp; bene habitari his neglectis rebus/qu&aelig; <expan abbr="rec&etilde;">recem</expan> <lb/>&longs;uimus/quis e&longs;t qui po&longs;&longs;e affirmet? Sed de his hactenus: <expan abbr="Sequi&ttilde;">Sequitur</expan> <lb/>ut de area inue&longs;tigemus. In area captanda quicquid de regione <lb/>di&longs;&longs;eruimus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eru&atilde;dum">ob&longs;eruandum</expan> e&longs;t. Nar que uti quidem regio amplieris <lb/>cuiu&longs;dam prouinc<gap/>&aelig; certa &longs;electaque e&longs;t pars: Ita &amp; area totius re <lb/>gionis pr&aelig;&longs;criptum &amp; difinitum quoddam <expan abbr="&longs;pati&utilde;">&longs;patium</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;/quod">en/quod</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ad &aelig;dificium habendum occupatur: Ea de re ferme omnia habet <lb/>area cum regione communia qu&aelig; ad laudem uituperationemque<lb/>faciant. Verum h&aelig;c tam et &longs;i ita &longs;int/habet tamen di&longs;qui&longs;itio et <lb/>aduer&longs;io h&aelig;c pr&aelig;ceptiones qua&longs;dam qu&aelig; unice et proprie ad are <lb/>am &longs;pectare uideantur: Qua&longs;dam etiam qu&aelig; non tantum ad a <lb/><gap/>e&aelig; <expan abbr="p&longs;cription&etilde;">p&longs;criptionem</expan> <expan abbr="faci&atilde;t">faciant</expan>: Quin multa ex pte quoque ad <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> r&untilde;es <lb/><expan abbr="ptine&atilde;t">ptineant</expan>: et &longs;unt huiu&longs;m&untilde;i: Nam o&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet qd aggredia <lb/>mur publicum ne opus/an priuatum: &longs;acrum ne an profanum: et 
<pb/>c&aelig;tera generis eiu&longs;dem: de quibus &longs;uo loco di&longs;tinctius loquemur <lb/>Aliud enim foro/aliud theatro/aliud pale&longs;tr&aelig;/aliud templo &longs;pa <lb/>tii locorumque debetur. Itaque pro cuiu&longs;que ratione et u&longs;u habendus <lb/>are&aelig; &longs;itus erit &amp; modus. Verum hoc loco ut generatim i&longs;ta / uti <lb/>cepimus/pro&longs;equamur/ea tantum attingemus: qu&aelig; fore nece&longs;&longs;a <lb/>ria arbitramur/Si prius de lineis aliqua retulero/qu&aelig; ad rem <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>mode exprimendam faciant. Nam de are&aelig; de&longs;criptione tractanti <lb/>bus counenit ut de his tran&longs;igamus/quibus ip&longs;a per&longs;criptio anno <lb/>tatur. Omnis igitur per&longs;criptio lineis fit &amp; angulis/Line&aelig; qui <lb/>dem &longs;unt extrema per&longs;criptio/qua integr&aelig; are&aelig; &longs;patium circun <lb/>cluditur. <expan abbr="H&atilde;c">Hanc</expan> uero ad per&longs;criptionem pars illa &longs;uperficiei &longs;ub&longs;ti <lb/>tuta/qu&aelig; intra duas mutuo &longs;e &longs;e intercidentes lineas continetur/ <lb/>angulus dicitur. Atqui ex mutua quidem duarum linearum <expan abbr="&itilde;ter">inter</expan> <lb/>&longs;ectione quatuor con&longs;cribuntur anguli: Quorum &longs;i erit qui&longs;que<lb/>quibu&longs;que trium reliquorum equalis/recti nuncupabuntur: Et qui <lb/>recto minores erunt/acuti appellabuntur: ut qui recto ampliores <lb/>obtu&longs;i dicentur. Linearum item alia recta/alia flexa/ cocleas &amp; <lb/>uertico&longs;as lineas hic non e&longs;t ut referam. Recta linea a puncto e&longs;t <lb/>ad punctum ob longa per&longs;criptio / ducta ita ut fieri nulla po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>breuior. Flexa linea pars e&longs;t circuli. Circulus e&longs;t ea per&longs;criptio <lb/>facta ab altero duorum punctorum: qui in eadem &longs;uperficie ita <lb/>&longs;it circumactus/ut toto per&longs;criptionis ductu &longs;emper neque plus: ne <lb/>que di&longs;tet minus a medio immobili/quem obambiat puncto / <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>primum circunduci occeperat. Sed hisaddendum quod flexa line <lb/>a quam e&longs;&longs;e partem circuli diximus/apud nos hic architectos &longs;i <lb/>militudinis gratia arcus uocatur. Et qu&aelig; linea aduobus extremis <lb/>punctis flex&aelig; line&aelig; directa ducitur pari &longs;imilitudine corda nun <lb/><expan abbr="cupabi&ttilde;">cupabitur</expan>. Et qu&aelig; linea a puncto medi&aelig; corde co&aelig;quabilibus <expan abbr="utr&itilde;">utrim</expan> <lb/>que angulis ad arcum u&longs;que perducta extiterit/&longs;agicta appellabitur <lb/>Et qu&aelig; linea a puncto <expan abbr="&itilde;mobili/qd">immobili/qd</expan> intra circulum e&longs;t ad <expan abbr="flex&atilde;">flexam</expan> ean <lb/>demque <expan abbr="extrem&atilde;">extremam</expan> circuli <expan abbr="line&atilde;">lineam</expan> <expan abbr="pducere&ttilde;/radius">pduceretur/radius</expan> <expan abbr="dice&ttilde;">dicetur</expan>. Et <expan abbr="p&utilde;cto">puncto</expan> qd <lb/>huic <expan abbr="&itilde;mobili/quod">immobili/quod</expan> medium intra circulum a&longs;&longs;idet centro nomen <lb/>erit: Et qu&aelig; linea recta <expan abbr="pcentr&utilde;">pcentrum</expan> tran&longs;iens duobus locis <expan abbr="flex&atilde;">flexam</expan> circu <lb/>li <expan abbr="line&atilde;">lineam</expan> &longs;ecabit/diameter <expan abbr="appellabi&ttilde;">appellabitur</expan>. Inter arcus <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> differentia e&longs;t 
<pb/>Nanque alius integer: alius comminutus: alius compo&longs;itus e&longs;t. In <lb/>teger is e&longs;t qui circuli mediam <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> occupat/ hoc e&longs;t/cui corda <lb/>integri e&longs;t circuli diameter: Comminutus: cui corda e&longs;t minor di <lb/>ametro: e&longs;tque perinde idem is arcus <expan abbr="c&etilde;mirutus">cemmirutus</expan> &longs;omicii culi pars: <lb/>Compo&longs;itus ex duobus ominutis con&longs;tat: efficitque ea dere in &longs;um <lb/>mo angulum arcubus &longs;e &longs;e mutua iuncticne inter&longs;ecantibus: quod <lb/>neque integro neque comminuto euenit. His cognitis rom &longs;ic pro&longs;e <lb/>quemur. Arearum alia <expan abbr="&atilde;guiaris">anguiaris</expan>: alia ci: cularis. Angularium alia <lb/>penitus rectis lineis. Alia rectis &amp; flexis <expan abbr="mixt&imacr;">mixtim</expan> conclu&longs;a e&longs;t: Qu&aelig; <lb/>uero angularis flexis pluribus &longs;it lineis po&longs;ita/nullis inter mi&longs;&longs;is <lb/>rectis me in ueterum &aelig;dificiis inueni&longs;&longs;e non memini. At in his <lb/>ob&longs;eruanda ea &longs;unt/qu&aelig; in totis &aelig;dificii partibus uehementer ui <lb/>tuperantur &longs;i de&longs;int: et non &longs;ine gratia et commoditate habentur: <lb/>&longs;i ad&longs;int: hoc e&longs;t ut cum angulis: tum lineis: tum etiam partibus <lb/>quibu&longs;que uarietas <expan abbr="qu&aelig;d&atilde;">qu&aelig;dam</expan> ad&longs;it: Ne <expan abbr="nimi&utilde;">nimium</expan> qd <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s/ne">frequens/ne</expan> ue <expan abbr="o&imacr;o">oino</expan> ra <lb/>ra/&longs;ed ita ad u&longs;um et gratiam po&longs;ita/ut integra integris: ct pari <lb/>bus paria conre&longs;pondeant. Rectis angulis percommode utuntur: <lb/>Acutis angulis nemo u&longs;us e&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> minimis in areis &amp; neglectis ni&longs;i <lb/>inuitus et cogente aut locorum aut dignarum arearum <expan abbr="r&otilde;e">rone</expan> et modo <lb/>obtu&longs;os angulos &longs;atis decentes putarunt: &longs;ed hoc &longs;eruarunt ut nu <lb/>mero e&longs;&longs;ent nu&longs;&quml; di&longs;pares. Aream omnium capaci&longs;&longs;imam et in <lb/>qua &longs;epienda &longs;eu aggere &longs;eu muro minus impen&longs;e <expan abbr="habea&ttilde;/e&atilde;">habeatur/eam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>affirmant qu&aelig; &longs;iet <expan abbr="rot&utilde;da">rotunda</expan>: Proximam huic putant qu&aelig; plurimos <lb/>habeat proiectos angulos: Sed e&longs;&longs;e oportet angulos <expan abbr="o&imacr;o">oino</expan> compares <lb/>mutuoque corre&longs;pondentes atque co&aelig;quabiles omni in area. Atqui <lb/>has quidem in primis comprobant/quas intelligant parietes attol <lb/>lere commode ad operis altitudinem recte &longs;tatuendam uti ea e&longs;t: <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;ex/qu&aelig; ue octo habeat angulos. Vidimus et aream angulo <lb/>rum decem apti&longs;&longs;imam &amp; uenu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imam. E&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> ut recte poni an <lb/>gulorum area queat duodecim atque item &longs;exdecim: Vidimus qui <lb/>dem quatuor &amp; uiginti angulorum aream: &longs;ed rariora i&longs;tec. Laterum li <lb/>neas ita <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> oportet ut eregione oppo&longs;it&aelig; co&aelig;&quml;les &longs;int: et nu&longs;&quml; lon <lb/>gi&longs;&longs;ime line&aelig; toto in ope breui&longs;&longs;imi uno pducto adigentur: Sed <lb/>erit inter eas pro rata rerum iu&longs;ta &amp; condecens proportio. Angu 
<pb/>los co uer&longs;us iubent &longs;tatui/unde courgens aut ponderis ex rupe: <lb/>aquarum aut <expan abbr="u&etilde;torum">uentorum</expan> impetus et uis immineat atque impetat quo <lb/>apellentem iniuriam molem diffindat atque di&longs;&longs;ipet/muris fronte <lb/>ualida non imbecillitate laterum aduer&longs;us <expan abbr="mole&longs;ti&atilde;">mole&longs;tiam</expan> ut ita loquar <lb/>illuctantibus: Quod &longs;i c&aelig;tera &aelig;dificii lineamenta euetuerint quo <lb/>minus po&longs;&longs;is angulo i&longs;tic uti ex &longs;ententia/flexione utendum erit <lb/>quando et flexa linea circuli e&longs;t pars: et circulus ip&longs;e philo&longs;opho <lb/>rum &longs;ententia totus e&longs;t angulus. C&aelig;terum area aut plano <expan abbr="pone&ttilde;">ponetur</expan> <lb/>loco/aut accliui/aut &longs;ummo in montis uertice. Si plano ponetur <lb/>loco/coaggerare oportet: et qua&longs;i podium &longs;ub&longs;truere: Nam id <lb/>cum ad dignitatem plurimum conferat: tum et ni fiat / <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> <lb/>incommodorum afferet. Fluminum enim et imbrium alluuiones <lb/>afferre limum &longs;olent planis locis: quo fit ut ip&longs;um &longs;olum &longs;en&longs;um <lb/>intumule&longs;cat: tum et hominum negligentia non a&longs;portatis rude <lb/>ribus et purgamentis/qu&aelig; in dies de&longs;tituuntur plana facile <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> <lb/>cre&longs;cunt. Romam aiebat Frontinus architectus &longs;ua &aelig;tate colli <lb/>bus excreui&longs;&longs;e propter incendiorum frequentiam: At eam ip&longs;am <lb/>hac &aelig;tate uidemus totam ruinis &amp; feditate obrutam: Vidi ego in <lb/>umbria &longs;acellum uetu&longs;tum plano in loco po&longs;itum / tamen multa <lb/>ex parte &longs;ubmer&longs;um/facta &longs;oli in &longs;e ex cretione quod ea planities <lb/>&longs;ub montibus extendatur. Sed quid ea memorem / qu&aelig; &longs;ub <expan abbr="m&otilde;ti">monti</expan> <lb/>bus &longs;unt apud Rauennam? &longs;ub pomeriis nobile id delubrum: cui <lb/>pro tecto integrum extat lapideum uas/tam et &longs;i ad mare &amp; <expan abbr="l&otilde;ge">longe</expan> <lb/>a montibus re&longs;ideat/plus tamen quarta &longs;ui parte intra &longs;olum im <lb/>mer&longs;um e&longs;t ui temporum: Quam uero altam e&longs;&longs;e cuiu&longs;que ar<gap/><lb/>exaggerationem oporteat/&longs;uo dicetur loco: cum de his rebus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;ummatim ut hic/&longs;ed di&longs;tintius loquemur. Sed e&longs;&longs;e quamque are <lb/>am/aut natura aut arte <expan abbr="fc&atilde;m">fcamm</expan> <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> ouenit: qua de re illos <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> <lb/>primis audiendos puto/qui mouent ut una aut altera &longs;patio <expan abbr="di&longs;t&atilde;">di&longs;tam</expan> <lb/>tibus fo&longs;&longs;ione quid &longs;olum id den&longs;itate aut raritate mollitia ue ad <lb/>ferenda &longs;tructur&aelig; onera per&longs;e ualeat/per&longs;crutemur. Et enim &longs;i ac <lb/>cliui ponetur loco pro&longs;piciendum e&longs;t/ne &longs;uperiora pre&longs;&longs;ur&aelig; mo <lb/>le&longs;tiis impellant: aut inferiora &longs;i forte moueantur / c&aelig;tera in rui <lb/>nam trahant. Firmi&longs;&longs;imam quidem &amp; omni exparte obfirmatam 
<pb/>uelim hanc e&longs;&longs;e &aelig;dificii partem: qu&aelig; totius operis futura &longs;it ba&longs;is <lb/>Si erit area in montis uertice/aut erit ea quidem exaggeranda ali <lb/>&quml; ex pre: aut decu&longs;&longs;o <expan abbr="cacum&imacr;e">cacumine</expan> <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;urg&etilde;tis">pr&aelig;&longs;urgentis</expan> <expan abbr="m&otilde;tis">montis</expan> <expan abbr="coequ&atilde;da">coequanda</expan>. Hic <lb/><expan abbr="pro&longs;pici&etilde;dum">pro&longs;piciendum</expan> e&longs;t ut id aggrediamur: quod &longs;eruata dignitatc mo <lb/>derata et modica fiat cum impen&longs;a atque labore. Forta&longs;&longs;is quidem <lb/>conducet partem ab&longs;ublimi excidere: et partem accliuam exagge <lb/>rare: Quam rem bene <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ultus">con&longs;ultus</expan> qui&longs;quis fuit ille architectus apud <lb/>alatrum hernicam urbem in &longs;axeo <expan abbr="m&otilde;te">monte</expan> po&longs;itam effecit. Curauit <lb/>enim ut ba&longs;is &longs;eu arcis/&longs;eu templa: qu&aelig; &longs;ola nunc c&aelig;teris &longs;up &aelig;di <lb/>ficationibus dirutis uidetur/ex re&longs;ci&longs;&longs;isa &longs;ummo uertice <expan abbr="fragm&etilde;">fragmen</expan> <lb/>tis &longs;ubfirmata et &longs;ub&longs;trata extaret: Et eo in opere illud e&longs;t / quod <lb/>maiorem in modum probem: Nam obiecit angulum are&aelig; eo uer <lb/>&longs;us unde repens montis pendet: eumque con&longs;olidauit angulum con <lb/>ge&longs;tis pr&aelig;grandibus immanium fragmentorum fru&longs;tis et mole: <lb/>Deditque operam componendis lapidibus: ut &longs;tructur&aelig; &longs;eruata par <lb/>&longs;imonia decorem afferret: Et illius quoque con&longs;ilium placuit archi <lb/>tecti: qui quidem quo loci non u&longs;que adeo tantam lapidis habuerat <lb/>copiam &longs;ub&longs;tituendo montis pondere aggerem &longs;truxerit frequen <lb/>tibus emiciclis dor&longs;o flexarum linearum intra montem abiiecto: <lb/>Qu&aelig; &longs;tructura cum grata e&longs;t a&longs;pectu/tum e&longs;t &amp; firmi&longs;&longs;ima: tum <lb/>etiam an impen&longs;arum rationem facit: Nam efficit quidem <expan abbr="mur&utilde;">murum</expan> <lb/>non &longs;olidum/qui tantum habeat uirium/ac &longs;i penitus fui&longs;&longs;et &longs;oli <lb/>dus/latitudine quanta &amp; flexarum linearum illic &longs;agict&aelig; &longs;unt: <lb/>Vitruuii quoque ratio per placet: quam uideo Rom&aelig; pa&longs;&longs;im a ue <lb/>teribus architectis/ac pr&aelig;&longs;ertim in tarquinii aggere <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruat&atilde;">ob&longs;eruatam</expan> ut <lb/>anterides &longs;ub&longs;tituerentur: Sed non omnibus locis id ob&longs;eruarunt <lb/>ut &longs;emper inter &longs;e anterides tantum di&longs;tarent &quml; ip&longs;a e&longs;&longs;et alta &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tructio: Sed pro montis firmitate aut/ut ita loquar/ labilitate / <lb/>modo frequentiores: modo rariores po&longs;uerunt: Animaduerti eti <lb/>am ueteres architectos non <expan abbr="un&atilde;">unam</expan> proximam propter <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> &longs;ub&longs;truc <lb/>tione fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;tentos">contentos</expan>: &longs;ed pluribus/qua&longs;i gradibus adinfimas u&longs;que<lb/>radices montis totas rupes firmatas e&longs;&longs;e uolui&longs;&longs;e': Quorum ego <lb/>con&longs;ilium minime negligendum puto. Ad Peru&longs;iam riuus qui <lb/>inter lucinium montem &amp; collem urbis fluit/quod a&longs;&longs;iduo collis 
<pb/>radices abrodendo &longs;ub ea cauet totam accliuitatis molem in &longs;e im <lb/>pendentem commouet: ex quo magna pars urbis &longs;oluitur et laba <lb/>&longs;cit: Et mihi quidem uehementer probantur &longs;acella complu&longs;cula <lb/>qu&aelig; ad ba&longs;ilicam maximam in uaticano hinc atque hinc circum a <lb/>ream adacta &longs;unt: Nam i&longs;tarum quidem e&aelig;/qu&aelig; intra exci&longs;um: <lb/>&amp; info&longs;&longs;um montem po&longs;it&aelig; ad parietem ba&longs;ilic&aelig; coh&aelig;rent p plu <lb/>rimum adminiculi et commoditatis pr&aelig;&longs;tant: <expan abbr="mol&etilde;">molem</expan> <expan abbr="en&imacr;">enim</expan> continuo <lb/>ingraue&longs;centis montis &longs;ub&longs;tentant: et per obliquum montem &longs;uf <lb/>fluentem humiditatem intercipiunt: atque incdem aditum interpel <lb/>lant: quo fit ut ba&longs;ilic&aelig; primarius paries &longs;iccior firmiorque <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan> <lb/>Qu&aelig; uero &longs;acella alterum ad infimum obliqui montis latus a&longs;&longs;i <lb/>dent: ea quidem totam &longs;uperiorem complanatiorem factam opere <lb/>arcuato &longs;i&longs;tere/ &amp; pronos omnes telluris lap&longs;us coercendo facile <lb/>po&longs;&longs;unt ferre. Et eum etiam architectum /qui Rom&aelig; ad latonam <lb/>templum &longs;truxit/per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> recte <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ului&longs;&longs;e">con&longs;ului&longs;&longs;e</expan> operi &amp; &longs;ub&longs;trucrur&aelig; ad <lb/>uerti: Angulum enim are&aelig; ita porrexit intra &longs;uper <expan abbr="in&longs;ident&etilde;">in&longs;identem</expan> <expan abbr="m&otilde;">mom</expan> <lb/>tem/ut urgentem ponderis uim duo directi parietes tolerarent / <lb/>&amp; obiecto angulo aduer&longs;am mole&longs;tiam <expan abbr="diuider&etilde;t">diuiderent</expan> atque <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;ipar&etilde;t">di&longs;&longs;iparent</expan> <lb/>Atqui po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> de ueterum laudibus dicere aggre&longs;&longs;i &longs;umus / qui <lb/>prudenti con&longs;ilio <expan abbr="&aelig;dificar&utilde;t/illud">&aelig;dificarunt/illud</expan> nolim pr&aelig;terii&longs;&longs;e quod in <expan abbr="m&etilde;">men</expan> <lb/>tem redit &amp; &aelig;gregie facit ad rem. Extat architecti per utile in&longs;ti <lb/>tutum apud Venetias in templo Marci: Aream enim totius tem <lb/>pli <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> conferti&longs;&longs;ime ob&longs;olidaret pluribus puteis refo&longs;&longs;am reliqt: <lb/>quo &longs;iqui forte flatus terr&aelig; &longs;ubter conciperentur/facilem &longs;ibi exi <lb/>tum uendicarent: Po&longs;tremo areas uniuer&longs;as/quas tecto feceris op <lb/>tas ad libellam co&aelig;qua&longs;&longs;e condecet. Qu&aelig; uero &longs;ub diuo relict&aelig; <lb/>&longs;int a libella ip&longs;a non plus &quml; ut imbrium defluxus efferant depri <lb/>mend&aelig; &longs;unt. Sed de his actenus &amp; forta&longs;&longs;is plura &quml; hic locus po <lb/>&longs;ceret: Nam pleraque harum rerum qu&aelig; diximus ad murorum opus <lb/>faciunt: Sed ita incidit/ut qu&aelig; natura admodum inter &longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;nexa">connexa</expan> <lb/>&longs;unt/ea &amp; nos dicendo non &longs;egregarimus: Sequitur ut de partio <lb/>ne dicendum &longs;it. Tota uis ingenii: omni&longs;que rerum <expan abbr="&aelig;dific&atilde;da">&aelig;dificanda</expan> <lb/>rum ars et peritia una in partione con&longs;umitur. Integri enim &aelig;difi <lb/>cii partes: et partium &longs;ingularum integras / ut ita loquar / habi 
<pb/>tudines: omniumque denique linearum et angulorum con&longs;en&longs;um et <lb/>cohe&longs;ionem in unum opus: una h&aelig;c partitio utilitatis/ dignitatis <lb/>am&aelig;nitati&longs;que habita ratione commetitur. quod &longs;i ciuitas philo&longs;opho <lb/>rum &longs;ententia maxima qu&aelig;dam e&longs;t domu&longs;: &amp; contra domus <expan abbr="ip&atilde;">ipam</expan> <lb/>minima qu&aelig;dam e&longs;t ciuitas: quid ni harum ip&longs;arum membra mi <lb/>nima qu&aelig;dam e&longs;&longs;e domicilia dicentur? uti e&longs;t atrium/xi&longs;tus/ ce <lb/>naculum/porticus et huiu&longs;modi: Et in horum quo uis quid nam <lb/>erit aut in curia aut negligentia pr&aelig;termi&longs;&longs;um: quod non digni <lb/>tati &amp; laudi operis officiat? Plurimum igitur cur&aelig; &amp; diligenti&aelig; <lb/>adhibendum e&longs;t his rebus con&longs;iderandis: qu&aelig; ad uniuer&longs;um opus <lb/>faciunt: dandaque opera ut etiam minime partes e&longs;&longs;e ingenio et ar <lb/>te conformes fact&aelig; uideantur. Hanc ad rem apte &amp; commode p <lb/>ficiendam &longs;uperiora omnia qu&aelig; de regione deque area dicta &longs;unt / <lb/>per pulchre conueniunt: ac ueluti inanimante membra membris/ <lb/>ita in &aelig;dificio partes partibus re&longs;pondeant/condecet. Ex quo il <lb/>lud dictum e&longs;t quod aiunt: Maximorum &aelig;dificiorum maxima <lb/>oportere e&longs;&longs;e membra: Quam quidem rem ita ob&longs;eruarunt uete <lb/>res/ut cum c&aelig;tera/tum &amp; lateres ponerent publicis &amp; ampli&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mis &aelig;dificiis maiores &quml; in priuatis. Itaque cuique <expan abbr="m&etilde;bro">membro</expan> apta regio <lb/>accomodatus &longs;itus: &amp; contribuetur non amplior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> rei u&longs;us exi <lb/>gat/non minor &quml; dignitas po&longs;tulet: non loco alieno &amp; <expan abbr="impertin&etilde;">impertinem</expan> <lb/>ti/&longs;ed &longs;uo &amp; ita proprio ut alibi commodius e&longs;&longs;e nu&longs;&quml; potuerit. <lb/>Non enim qu&aelig; hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima &aelig;dis pars futura e&longs;t reiecto in loco: <lb/>Non qu&aelig; maxime publica in abdito: Non item qu&aelig; priuata in <lb/>propatulo collocabitur. Adde quod etiam temporum rationes haben <lb/>d&aelig; &longs;unt/ut alia &aelig;&longs;tiuis/alia hybernis locis attribuantur: Nanque a <lb/>li&aelig; aliis debentur &amp; &longs;itus &amp; magnitudines: &aelig;&longs;tiuas laxiores e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: hybern&aelig; uero compre&longs;&longs;iores &longs;i erunt/non <expan abbr="improbabun&ttilde;">improbabuntur</expan>. <lb/>Tum e&longs;tiuis umbra &amp; uenti: hybernis &longs;oles debentur: Et in his ca <lb/>uendum e&longs;t/ne incolis eueniat ut ex hoc loco frigenti alterum in <lb/>locum &aelig;&longs;tuo&longs;um equabili non intermi&longs;&longs;o aere exeant: Aut i&longs;to ex <lb/>tepenti in alterum brumis &amp; uentis infe&longs;tum: Nam id <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> ma <lb/>xime &longs;aluti corporum officeret: Et cedant ea quidem inter &longs;e <expan abbr="m&etilde;">men</expan> <lb/>bra mutuo oportet ad communem totius operis laudem &amp; <expan abbr="gr&atilde;m">gramm</expan> 
<pb/>con&longs;tituendam uel componendam: nequid omnis decoris conatu <lb/>occupato/alter&aelig; penitus neglect&aelig; relinquantur: Sed inter &longs;e ita <lb/>conueniant/ut inde unum integrum recteque con&longs;titutum corpus <lb/>magis &quml; diuul&longs;a et di&longs;&longs;ipata e&longs;&longs;e membra uideantur. C&aelig;terum <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> <lb/>membris conformandis mode&longs;tiam nature imitari oportet: Neque<lb/>enim uti in reliquis/&longs;ic et in hac re <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> magis <expan abbr="&longs;obrietat&etilde;">&longs;obrietatem</expan> laudamus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> profu&longs;am edificandi libidinem uituperamus/modica e&longs;&longs;e opor <lb/>tet <expan abbr="m&etilde;bra">membra</expan>: et ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> qua de acturus &longs;is nece&longs;&longs;aria/ Nam edificandi <lb/>omnis ratio/&longs;i recte pro&longs;pexeris/a nece&longs;&longs;itate profecta e&longs;t: Eam a <lb/>luit commoditas: u&longs;us hone&longs;tauit: ultimum fuit ut uoluptati pro <lb/>&longs;piceretur: tam &amp; &longs;i nun&quml; ab immodicis omnibus ip&longs;a uoluptas <lb/>non abhorruit. Erit ergo eiu&longs;modi ut <expan abbr="m&etilde;brorum">membrorum</expan> in ea nihilo plus <lb/>de&longs;ideretur &quml; quod ad&longs;it: et nihil quod ad&longs;it ulla ex parte impro <lb/>betur. Neque item omnia unica <expan abbr="t&atilde;tum">tantum</expan> linearum ductione e<gap/>termi <lb/>natione per&longs;cribi uelim ita ut nulla re inter &longs;e differant: Sed alia <lb/>delectabunt &longs;i maiora &longs;int/alia conferent &longs;i minora &longs;int: Alia ex <lb/>i&longs;torum mediocritate laudem a&longs;&longs;equentur: Ergo <expan abbr="placeb&utilde;t">placebunt</expan> herec <lb/>tis con&longs;titut&aelig; lineis: h&aelig; alter&aelig; flexis: ac demum ali&aelig; utraque linea <lb/>rum ductione pr&aelig;finit&aelig; comprobabuntur: modo id &longs;erues/quod <lb/>&longs;epe admoneo/ne in id uitium incidas: ut feci&longs;&longs;e mon&longs;trum in pa <lb/>ribus aut humeris aut lateribus uideare. Condimentum quidem <lb/>grati&aelig; e&longs;t omni in re uarietas &longs;i compacta et confirmata &longs;it mutu <lb/>a inter &longs;e di&longs;i antium rerum parilitate eadem &longs;i inter &longs;e di&longs;&longs;oluta <lb/>et di&longs;conuenienti quadam di&longs;paritate di&longs;creparint / erit ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ab&longs;urdi&longs;&longs;ima. Nam ueluti in lyra cum graues uoces <expan abbr="re&longs;ponde&atilde;t">re&longs;pondeant</expan> <lb/>acutis: et medi&aelig; inter utra&longs;que ad concentum intent&aelig; re&longs;onant: fit <lb/>ex uocum uarietate &longs;onora et mirifica qu&aelig;dam <expan abbr="proportion&utilde;">proportionum</expan> equa <lb/>bilitas/qu&aelig; maiorem <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> modum oblectet animos atque detineat: Ita <lb/>et quibu&longs;que reliquis in rebus euenit: qu&aelig; quidem ad mouendos / <lb/>habendo&longs;que animos faciant. Ceterum hec pro ut ferat u&longs;us atque <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>moditas atque <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> pitorum laudata o&longs;uetudo exequanda erunt: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> o&longs;u <lb/>etudini quidem inpleri&longs;que uel repugnare gratiam tollit/uel a&longs;&longs;en <lb/>tiri emolumento e&longs;t: atque egregie conducit: Quando ita ceteri pro<lb/>bati&longs;&longs;imi architecti facto atte&longs;tari ui&longs;i &longs;unt/hanc &longs;eu doricam/ 
<pb/>&longs;eu ionicam/&longs;eu corinthiam/&longs;eu thu&longs;canicam partionem <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e commodi&longs;&longs;imam/non quo eorum de&longs;cription<gap/> <expan abbr="tran&longs;fer&etilde;">tran&longs;ferem</expan> <lb/>dis no&longs;trum in opus qua&longs;i a&longs;tricti legibus h&aelig;reamus: &longs;ed quo ide <lb/>admoniti nouis nos proferendis inuentis contendamus/par<gap/>n il <lb/>lis maiorem ue &longs;i queat fructum laudis a&longs;&longs;equi. Sed de his &longs;uo lo <lb/>co di&longs;tinctius pro&longs;equemur/cum inue&longs;tigabimus quo pacto <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <lb/>&amp; urbis membra: et qu&aelig; ad cuiu&longs;que u&longs;um oporteant collocentur</s>
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<s>Nunc &longs;equitur ut de parietum de&longs;criptione &longs;ummatim tran&longs;i <lb/>gamus. Sed illud hic nolim pr&aelig;terii&longs;&longs;e/quod apud ueteres anno <lb/>taui/eos maximopere caui&longs;&longs;e/ne ullam are&aelig; extremam lineam <lb/>rectam ducerent/ita ut e&longs;&longs;et illa quidem prelonga &amp; nullis locis <lb/>non intercepta cum flexarum linearum conuexione/ tum et angu <lb/>lorum &longs;ectione. Atqui hoc ideo feci&longs;&longs;e periti&longs;&longs;imos uiros in prop <lb/>tu e&longs;t/quo uellent parietem qua&longs;i adactis adiumentis / quibus co <lb/>h&aelig;reat/firmiorem reddere. In parictum ratione recen&longs;enda a di <lb/>gnioribus incipiendum e&longs;t. Is ergo locus admonet. ut de <expan abbr="col&utilde;nis">colunnis</expan> <lb/>et de his qu&aelig; ad colunnas pertinent dicendum &longs;it: quando ip&longs;i or <lb/>dines colunnarum haud aliud &longs;unt &quml; pluribus inlocis perfixus ad <lb/>apertusque paries: Quin et <expan abbr="col&utilde;nam">colunnam</expan> ip&longs;am diffini&longs;&longs;e cum iuuet / <lb/>forta&longs;&longs;is non inept&aelig; e&longs;&longs;e eam dicam firmam quandam et perpetu <lb/>am muri partem excitatam ad perpendiculum ab &longs;olo / <expan abbr="&imacr;mo">immo</expan> u&longs;que<lb/>ad &longs;ummum tecti ferendi gratia. Tum et tota in re &aelig;dificatoria <lb/>nihil inuenies quod opera et impen&longs;a et gratia pr&aelig;feras columnis <lb/>Sed habent column&aelig; ip&longs;&aelig; quippiam inter &longs;e/quo &longs;int di&longs;&longs;imiles <lb/>hic nos &longs;imilitudinem/ quod ea pre&longs;ertim ad genus pertineat / non <lb/>pretermittemus: Di&longs;&longs;imilitudinem uero/cum ad &longs;peties ea quid <lb/>&longs;pectet/alibi pro&longs;equemur &longs;uo loco. Atq ut abip&longs;is/ut ita loquar <lb/>radicibus ordiamur/quibu&longs;que columnis fundamenta <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;tituun&ttilde;">&longs;ub&longs;tituuntur</expan> <lb/>Fundamentis quidem ad are&aelig; planitiem coequatis <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ueuere">con&longs;ueuere</expan> mu <lb/>rulum &longs;uperimponere: quem nos arulam / alii forta&longs;&longs;is puluinar <lb/>nuncupabunt: Supra murulum ba&longs;im adigebant: in ba&longs;i colum <lb/>nam &longs;tatuebant: &longs;upra columnam capitulum collocabant. Et ha <lb/>rum quidem h&aelig;c erat ratio ut columna omnis infra medium tur <lb/>ge&longs;ceret: &longs;ur&longs;um uer&longs;us retraheretur: <expan abbr="Cra&longs;&longs;itud&imacr;eque">Cra&longs;&longs;itudineque</expan> &longs;ua e&longs;&longs;et pode 
<pb/>uno amplior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;ummo capite. At columnam inuentam puto <expan abbr="pr&imacr;">prim</expan> <lb/>cipio &longs;ub&longs;tinendo: um <gap/>ctorum gratia: F o&longs;tea deueni&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> <lb/>&longs;tudia uidemus digni&longs;&longs;imarum rerum a&longs;&longs;equendarum cupidita <lb/>te excitata: ut qu&aelig; hedificarint mortales/&aelig;terna e&longs;&longs;e &amp; immorta <lb/>lia quoad po&longs;&longs;ent elaborarint: Iccirco columnas et trabes atque eti <lb/>am tabulata ac tecta integro ex marmore po&longs;uere. Atqui in eiu&longs; <lb/>modi rebus &longs;tatuendis ueteres architecti/naturam rerum <expan abbr="ip&atilde;rum">iparrum</expan> <lb/>i<gap/>a imitati &longs;unt/ut a communi u&longs;u &aelig;dificiorum di&longs;ce&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e uidei i <lb/>minime uoluerint: et una omnibus modis <expan abbr="&longs;tuduer&imacr;t/">&longs;tuduerint/</expan> ut corum e&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent opera cum ad u&longs;um apta et firmi&longs;&longs;ima: tum et a&longs;pectu uenu <lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima. Columnas natura nimirum primo pr&aelig;buit ligneas &amp; <lb/>rotundas: po&longs;t id u&longs;us effecit/ut aliquibus locis haberentur qua <lb/>drangule: lccirco &longs;i bene rem interpr&aelig;tor quod uiderent ligneis <lb/><expan abbr="col&utilde;nis">colunnis</expan> ad alterutra capita immi&longs;&longs;os anulos aut ferro aut &aelig;re con <lb/>flatos. quo ad ponderis pertinacia column&aelig; ip&longs;&aelig; minus finderen <lb/>tur. Inde et architecti marmoreis columnis latum <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> imo pede anu <lb/>lum fixere ad fa&longs;ceol&aelig; <expan abbr="&longs;imilitudin&etilde;">&longs;imilitudinem</expan>: qua fiat ut etiam a guttis re <lb/>&longs;ultantium &longs;tillarum <expan abbr="defend&atilde;tur">defendantur</expan>: et in &longs;ummo item fa&longs;ceolam et <lb/>fa&longs;ceol&aelig; torquem &longs;uperaiectum po&longs;uere: quibus <expan abbr="adium&etilde;tis">adiumentis</expan> ligne <lb/>am e&longs;&longs;e columnam uiderent communitam. At in ba&longs;ibus colum <lb/>narum hoc ob&longs;eruarunt/ut earum infima pars rectarum &longs;it linea <lb/>rum et rectorum angulorum: Suprema uero &longs;uperficies ad &longs;u&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="col&utilde;n">colunn</expan> &aelig; ambitum finiretur: Et ob&longs;eruarunt ut e&longs;&longs;et ba&longs;is h&aelig;c qua <lb/>que uer&longs;us lata magis &quml; alta: tum et e&longs;&longs;e eam certa parte &longs;ui <expan abbr="latior&etilde;">latiorem</expan> <lb/>&qgrave; &longs;it columnam uoluere et infimam ba&longs;is ip&longs;ius &longs;uperficiem latio <lb/>rem e&longs;&longs;e quoque uoluere &quml; &longs;upremam: Et murulum item parte e&longs; <lb/>&longs;e quota ampliorem &quml; ba&longs;im: Et fundamentum item e&longs;&longs;e pte quo <lb/>ta latum magis &quml; murulum uoluere: Et qu&aelig;cunque huiu&longs;modi al <lb/>tera in alteris po&longs;uere ad perpendiculum medii <expan abbr="c&etilde;tri">centri</expan> collocauere. <lb/>At contra capitula omnia in his conueniunt: ut in fine partes &longs;u&aelig; <lb/>column&aelig; lineas imitentur: Suprem&aelig; uero et <expan abbr="quadr&atilde;gulam">quadrangulam</expan> &longs;uper <lb/>ficiem de&longs;inant: Et erit quidem capituli &longs;uprema pars nun&quml; non <lb/>amplior &quml; infima. H&aelig;c de columnis</s>
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<s>Paries uero ip&longs;e ad columnarum rationes tolletur/ut &longs;i <expan abbr="altitud&imacr;e">altitudine</expan> 
<pb/>erit futurus quanta e&longs;t columna cum capitulo. Cra&longs;&longs;itudo illi &longs;it <lb/><expan abbr="qu&atilde;ta">quanta</expan> in imo e&longs;t columna: Tum &amp; hoc ob&longs;eruarunt / ut nulla <expan abbr="c&etilde;t">cent</expan> <lb/>columna: aut ba&longs;is: aut capitulum: aut paries c&aelig;teris &longs;ui ordinis <lb/>ulla ex parte non &longs;imillima altitudine &amp; latitudine &amp; omni deni <lb/>que dimen&longs;ione ac figura. Cumque in uitio utrunque &longs;it parietem &amp; <lb/>tenuiorem et cra&longs;&longs;iorem: et demi&longs;&longs;iorem: et <expan abbr="&longs;ublimior&etilde;">&longs;ublimiorem</expan> <expan abbr="feci&longs;&longs;e/&qtilde;">feci&longs;&longs;e/quae</expan> <lb/>ratio et modus po&longs;tulat. Malim tamen peccare in partem hanc / <lb/>ut demi po&longs;&longs;it/&quml; ut addi oporteat. Hic iuuabit et uitia <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> non <lb/>pr&aelig;terire &aelig;dificiorum quo ad rem &longs;imus cautiores. Prima enim <lb/>laus e&longs;t carere omni uitio: Atqui aduerti in ba&longs;ilica Petri Rom&aelig; <lb/>id quod res ip&longs;a pr&aelig;&longs;e fert factum incon&longs;ulti&longs;&longs;ime / ut &longs;upra cre <lb/>bras et continuatas apertiones pr&aelig;longum et pr&aelig;latum parietem <lb/>ducerent nullis flexis lineis corroboratum/nullis fulcturis <expan abbr="c&otilde;mu">commu</expan> <lb/>nitum/quod ue con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportuit totam ip&longs;am alam parietis <lb/>nimium frequenti apertione <expan abbr="&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;am/per&qtilde;">&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;am/perquae</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ublim&etilde;">&longs;ublimen</expan> tetendit po <lb/>&longs;uitque: ut impetuo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis aquilonibus excipiendis extaret: Quo <lb/>factum e&longs;t ut iam tum primum a&longs;&longs;idua uentorum mole&longs;tia pedes <lb/>plus &longs;ex a perpendiculi rectitudine in pronum ce&longs;&longs;erit: Neque du <lb/>bito futurum ut olim leui appul&longs;u modico ue motu facto corruat <lb/>Quod ni trabeationibus tectorum contineretur proculdubio <expan abbr="&longs;p&otilde;">&longs;pom</expan> <lb/>t<gap/> &longs;ua iam incohata obliquitater. eret: Sed architectum e&longs;t ut mi <lb/>nus uituperem/quandoquidem loci et &longs;itus nece&longs;&longs;itatem &longs;ecutus <lb/>&longs;atis &longs;e a uentis tutum forta&longs;&longs;is putauit montis obiectu: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>templo pr&aelig;&longs;tat: Mallem tamen totas illas hinc atque hinc alas ob <lb/>firmatiores e&longs;&longs;e.</s>
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<s>Tectorum utilitas omnium e&longs;t prima &amp; maxima: Non enim &longs;o <lb/>lum incolarum &longs;aluti confert/dum noctem imbremque atque in <expan abbr="pr&itilde;s">prins</expan> <lb/>&aelig;&longs;tuantem &longs;olem repellunt atque excludunt: Verum &amp; mirifice <lb/>omne tuetur &aelig;dificium: Tolle tectum putre&longs;cet materia/labe&longs;cet <lb/>paries: <expan abbr="fati&longs;c&etilde;t">fati&longs;cent</expan> latera: omni&longs;que denique &longs;tructura &longs;en&longs;im <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;olue&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;oluetur</expan> <lb/>Ip&longs;a etiam fundamenta tectorum protectione/quod uix credas / <lb/>corroborantur: Neque tanta &aelig;dificiorum uis igne &amp; ferro &amp; ho&longs;ti <lb/>um manu &amp; c&aelig;teris omnibus calamitatibus data in ruinam ce <lb/>cidere/quanta corruere &aelig;dificia non aliam ob rem ni&longs;i ciuium ne 
<pb/>gligentia/ quod tectorum ope de&longs;tituta et nuda relicta &longs;int. Arma <lb/>ni mirum &aelig;dificiorum tecta &longs;unt <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> tempeftatum iniurias atque<lb/>impetum. Qu&aelig; cum ita &longs;int pr&aelig;clare mihi maiores no&longs;tri cum <lb/>c&aelig;teris in rebus/tum hac in re uidentur feci&longs;&longs;e/qui tantos attribu <lb/>ere tecto honores uoluerint: ut tectis ornandis omnes condecoran <lb/>darum rerum artes prope con&longs;ump&longs;erint. Tecta enim uidemus <lb/>&aelig;re et uitro et auro po&longs;ita lacunaribus aureis lami&longs;que auratis: &amp; <lb/>coronarum pr&aelig;terea et florum &longs;cultura et &longs;tatuis etiam <expan abbr="eleg&atilde;ti&longs;&longs;i">eleganti&longs;&longs;i</expan> <lb/>me in&longs;ignita. Tecta alia &longs;ub diuo/alia <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ub diuo. Sub diuo <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>qu&aelig; nullos ad ambulationis u&longs;us/&longs;ed unice ad imbrem excipien <lb/>dum &longs;int po&longs;ita: Non &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt contignationum et <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&utilde;">te&longs;tudinum</expan> <lb/>intermedi&aelig; exten&longs;iones: quibus fiat ut &aelig;dificio qua&longs;i &aelig;dificium <lb/>aliud &longs;uperimponatur. Inhis ergo illud ueniet ut una inferioribus <lb/>&aelig;dificii membris ip&longs;um id opus tectum &longs;it: et &longs;uperioribus <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;it <lb/>area. Sed harum quidem <expan abbr="c&otilde;tignationum">contignationum</expan> ea pars tectum recte ap <lb/>pellabitur: qu&aelig; &longs;upra caput di&longs;tenta pendeat: quam eandem <expan abbr="cel&utilde;">celum</expan> <lb/>nuncupabimus: Qu&aelig; uero ob ambulantium pede pre&longs;&longs;ctur/ paui <lb/>mentum tecturaque nuncupabitur. Sub diuo autem extrema operi <lb/>menta/ qu&aelig; imbribus exc ipiendis imponuntur/ pauimenti ne lo <lb/>co &longs;int/alibi di&longs;quiretur. Tectorum uero qu&aelig; &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt tam <lb/>et &longs;i plane in&longs;e for<gap/>a&longs;&longs;e &longs;int &longs;uperficies/nun&quml; tamen erunt ille qui <lb/>dem &aelig;que di&longs;tantes pauimento quod operuerint pauimento: Sed <lb/>&longs;emper in aliquam erunt partem procliuia et obliqua imbrium ef <lb/>fundendorum gratia: At tectorum/qu&aelig; non &longs;ubdiuo &longs;unt/planas <lb/>qua&longs;que &longs;uperficies e&longs;&longs;e pauimento &aelig;que di&longs;tantes oportet: Tecta <lb/>uniuer&longs;a angulis et lineis ad are&aelig; figuram parietumque formam: <lb/>quibus operimentum futura &longs;int/&longs;e accomodent nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Atque<lb/>h&aelig;c cum inter &longs;e &longs;uccedant uaria: nam alia flexis omnibus lineis <lb/>alia rectis et alia mixtis et eiu&longs;modi: Fit inde adeo ut tectorum quo <lb/>que uari&aelig; et multiplices manarint form&aelig;: Tam &amp; &longs;i tecta ip&longs;a ex <lb/>&longs;e &longs;uapte natura &longs;int uaria: Quorum alia emi&longs;pheria / alia conca <lb/>merata/alia fornicaca/alia arcubus complu&longs;culis compacta: Item <lb/>alia qu&aelig; carin&aelig; dicantur: alia qu&aelig; di&longs;pluuia <expan abbr="nuncup&atilde;tur">nuncupantur</expan>: <expan abbr="Ver&utilde;">Verum</expan> <lb/>utrunque futurum &longs;it/omne <expan abbr="tect&utilde;">tectum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e huiu&longs;modi oportet/ ut <expan abbr="&utilde;bia">umbia</expan> 
<pb/>&longs;ui pauimentum foueat/aquam ut pluuiam ab uniuer&longs;o cui operi <lb/>mentum &aelig;dificio &longs;it penitus admoueat: Nam &longs;emper quidem e&longs;t <lb/>ad ledendum paratus imber &amp; additus ad maleficium/quis mini <lb/>mos nun&quml; non u&longs;urpat: &amp; enim tenuitate perterebrat / mollitie <lb/>inficit/a&longs;&longs;iduitate commacerat omnes &aelig;dificii neruos / denique <lb/>&longs;tructuram funditus uitiat atque perdit: Ea de re probe ob&longs;eruarunt <lb/>periti architecti: ut liberum fluendi cur&longs;um imbribus pararent: ca <lb/>uerentque ne quo loci aqua con&longs;i&longs;teret/aut u&longs;piam peruaderet/quo <lb/>noxam inferret. Hinc niuo&longs;is in locis tecta maxime di&longs;pluuia &longs;ur <lb/>&longs;um arrecta e&longs;&longs;e ad acutum angulum uoluere: quo niuium incre <lb/>menta minus accre&longs;cerent &amp; liquidius dilaberentur. Locis uero <lb/>ut ita loquar &aelig;&longs;tiuis tecta obliquitate minus repente po&longs;uere. </s>
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<s>C&aelig;terum curandum e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> maxime uno eodemque compari atque<lb/>integro fieri po&longs;&longs;it tectoque/&longs;eruata luminum parietumque ratione <lb/>longe lateque totum p&aelig;nitus &aelig;dificium operiatur: ita ut &longs;tillici <lb/>diis dilabens aqua: nullam <expan abbr="pariet&utilde;">parietum</expan> ptem madefaciat. Tum &amp; tec <lb/>tum ita ponere oportet ut in aliud tectum non impluat. Superfici <lb/>es quoque tecti decur&longs;u e&longs;&longs;e oportet non ua&longs;tas &amp; immanes: Nam <lb/>tegularum ultimis canalibus pluui&aelig; pr&aelig; multorum <expan abbr="imbri&utilde;">imbrium</expan> exu <lb/>berantia redundarent: &amp; intra &aelig;dificium influerent: Qu&aelig; res <lb/>multo e&longs;&longs;ent cum operis detrimento. Ergo ubi erit area maxima <lb/>in plures e&longs;&longs;e diui&longs;um &longs;uperficies tectum/in uaria&longs;que partes deflu <lb/>ere oportet. Nam id cum ad <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditatem/tum">commoditatem/tum</expan> adgratiam perti <lb/>net: Siquo incidet loco ut plura ponenda tecta &longs;int / coadiungen <lb/>tur illic <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> tectis tecta ita/ut qui &longs;emel &longs;ub tecto excepti &longs;int/ <lb/>totas obambulant &aelig;des operti tecto. Sequitur ut de apertione <lb/><expan abbr="dicend&utilde;">dicendum</expan> &longs;it. <expan abbr="Apertion&utilde;">Apertionum</expan> duo &longs;unt genera: Nam alia luminibus et <lb/>uentis: Alia rebus et incolis <expan abbr="adit&utilde;">aditum</expan> <expan abbr="exit&utilde;que">exitunque</expan> in <expan abbr="edifici&utilde;">edificium</expan> prebent. Lu <lb/>minibus fene&longs;tre <expan abbr="&longs;erui&utilde;t">&longs;eruiunt</expan>: rebus ho&longs;tia/&longs;cal&aelig; et &longs;patia <expan abbr="itercol&utilde;narumItem">itercolunnarum<lb/>Item</expan> quibus aqua et fumus puadit/uti &longs;unt putei: cloac&aelig; et foci <lb/>ut ita loquar/gula: et pr&aelig;furnia atque extuaria apertionum loco <lb/>ueniunt. Atqui pars qu&aelig;que domus habebit fene&longs;tras: quo re&longs;pi <lb/>rat inclu&longs;us aer: atque in horas innouatur: Nam alioquin pu <lb/>tre&longs;cet &amp; uitium afferet. Apud Eabiloniam in templo 
<pb/>Apollinis <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tam">inuentam</expan> refert capitolinus hi&longs;toricus auream arculam <lb/>per uetu&longs;tatem: ex qua corruptus: &amp; perinde ueneficus inclu&longs;us <lb/>aer/cum illa quidem refringeretur &longs;e &longs;e effundens: non eos &longs;olum <lb/>interemit: qui tum prope aderant: Verum &amp; contagionibus pe <lb/>&longs;tem atroci&longs;&longs;imam totam in A&longs;iam u&longs;que ad Parthos intulit.</s>
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<s>Ex Ammiano item Marcellino hi&longs;torico legimus Marci Antonii <lb/>&amp; ueri temporibus apud Seleucam po&longs;t directum templum: &amp; <lb/>perlatum &longs;imulacrum conici Apollinis Romam / fui&longs;&longs;e per mili <lb/>tes inuentum angu&longs;tum &amp; prius conclu&longs;um aCaldeorum uatibus <lb/>foramen. Quod ubi pr&aelig;de &longs;tudio re&longs;erarunt/ pe&longs;tilens exiluerit <lb/>uapor tam atrox: tamque dete&longs;tabilis ut a Per&longs;arum finibus intra <lb/>Galliam u&longs;que infecta omnia &longs;int reddita tetro &amp; fune&longs;to morbo <lb/>Fene&longs;tras igitur e&longs;&longs;e oportet man&longs;ionibus &longs;ingulis. Id quidem <lb/>cum luminis excipiendi/tum etiam innouandi aeris gratia: &amp; e <lb/>as quidem adloci u&longs;um &amp; parietis amplitudinem accommodatas <lb/>Vt neque plus: neque item minus excipiant luminis neque frequen <lb/>tiores aut rariores &longs;int <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> u&longs;us po&longs;tulet. Tum &amp; pro&longs;piciendum <lb/>e&longs;t quibus uentis excipiendis pateant fene&longs;tr&aelig; ip&longs;&aelig;: Nam qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;alubres &longs;pectabunt auras multo adapertas quoquo uer&longs;us licebit <lb/>facere: Et eas quidem iuuabit ita aperire/ Vt incolarum corpora <lb/>appellens flatus ambiat. Hoc maxime fiet&longs;i fene&longs;trarum &longs;ponde <lb/>e&longs;&longs;ent humiles adeo/ut uideri et uidere per uicos ambulantes po&longs; <lb/>&longs;is. Qu&aelig; autem non u&longs;que quaque &longs;aluberrimis uentorum plagis ob <lb/>iect&aelig; erunt fene&longs;tr&aelig;/ita ponentur ut lumina excipiant non pauci <lb/>ora <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> conueniat: &longs;ed ne etiam plura <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quibus po&longs;&longs;it carere: Et po <lb/>nentur ill&aelig; quidem in &longs;ublimi/quo uentos a corporibus obiectus <lb/>paries intercipiat. Nam habebunt quidem hoc pacto uentos/ qui <lb/>bus aer reficiatur: Sed erunt infracti atque perinde non omnino <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;ani. Pro&longs;piciendum e&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> qui &longs;oles penetraturi inde intra &aelig;des <lb/>&longs;int: et <expan abbr="prodiuer&longs;or&utilde;">prodiuer&longs;orum</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditate">commoditate</expan> habend&aelig; aptiores aut arctiores fe <lb/>ne&longs;tr&aelig; &longs;unt. Nam &aelig;&longs;tiuis diuer&longs;oriis aut ua&longs;tos quaque uer&longs;us &longs;i <lb/>erunt ill&aelig; quidem &longs;eptentrionales / aut &longs;i erunt meridiane &longs;oli <lb/>bu&longs;que obiect&aelig; infimas et modicas po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e apertiones conferet / 
<pb/>quando quidem ille expeditiores auras excipiant: h&aelig; minoribus <lb/>radiorum circulus offendatur: &amp; &longs;atis habebit a&longs;&longs;iduo circunful <lb/>gente &longs;ole luminum is locus in quo magis umbr&aelig; gratia <expan abbr="hom&imacr;es">homines</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> luminum conuenerint. Contra hibernis in diuer&longs;oriis fene&longs;tr&aelig; <lb/>directis &longs;olibus patebunt: &longs;i erunt adapert&aelig;: &longs;ed uentis non ita pa <lb/>tebunt &longs;i erunt &longs;ublimes: nam recto cur&longs;u uenti &longs;tantes incolas <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>impetent. C&aelig;terum lumina undeuis excepturus &longs;is/haberi ea in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t/unde celum liberum <expan abbr="&imacr;tuearis">intuearis</expan>: Et omnes apertiones <lb/>qu&aelig; luminum excipiendorum cau&longs;a fact&aelig; &longs;int / nullo pacto conde <lb/>cet po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e infimas. Vultu enim lumina &longs;pectantur/non pedi <lb/>bus: tum &amp; <expan abbr="eu&etilde;it">euenit</expan> i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ut unius aut alterius hominis obiec <lb/>tu lumina intercipiantur: locu&longs;que deinceps reliquus reddatur ob <lb/>&longs;curior. Quod quidem incommodum non fit lumine ducto a &longs;u <lb/>blimi. Ho&longs;tia fene&longs;tras imitentur: ut pro loci frequentia &amp; u <lb/>&longs;u maiora aut minora/plura pauciora ue <expan abbr="adhibe&atilde;tur">adhibeantur</expan>. Sed inutris <lb/>que ob&longs;eruatum uideo/ut publicis &aelig;dificiis complurime horum in <lb/>primis generum apertiones fierent: Eam rem nobis theatra atte <lb/>&longs;tantur: Qu&aelig; &longs;i recte interpretamur / tota con&longs;tant apertionibus <lb/>cum &longs;calarum/tum maxime fene&longs;trarum &amp; ho&longs;tiorum.</s>
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<s>Atqui apertiones quidem ita loca&longs;&longs;e oportet ut amplioribus pari <lb/>etibus non minime ponantur apertiones &amp; modicis parietum <expan abbr="fr&otilde;">from</expan> <lb/>tibus nihilo ua&longs;tiores adigantur quam u&longs;us po&longs;tulat. In huiu&longs;mo <lb/>di apertionibus alii alia probarunt liniamenta: Sed probati&longs;&longs;imi <lb/>ubi licuit non ni&longs;i quadranguli&longs; &amp; rectilineis u&longs;i &longs;unt. Tandem <lb/>in hoc omnes conueniunt/ut pro &aelig;dificii amplitudine et figura <lb/>uticunque ille quidem &longs;int accommodent ur.</s>
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<s>Tum &amp; ho&longs;tiorum apertiones ita con&longs;tituendas ducunt/ Vt alti <lb/>ores omnino &longs;int quam lat&aelig;: Et ex his qu&aelig; altiores &longs;int duos h&aelig; <lb/>capiant continuos circulos. Qu&aelig; uero humiliores altitudinem ha <lb/>beant diametri eius quadrati cuius &longs;it latus ima ho&longs;tii ip&longs;ius lati <lb/>tudo. Et po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e ho&longs;tia illic conuenit / unde in qua&longs;que partes <lb/>&aelig;dificii commodi&longs;&longs;imus quoad fieri po&longs;&longs;it aditus pr&aelig;beatur: <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <lb/>&amp; grati&aelig; &longs;tudui&longs;&longs;e oportet in huiu&longs;modi apertionibus / Vt ma <lb/>gnitudinibus co&aelig;quatis dextera &longs;ini&longs;tris re&longs;pondeant.</s>
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<s>Numero autem fene&longs;tras et ho&longs;tia a&longs;&longs;ueuere ponere impari: Sed <lb/>ita ut hinc atque hinc partes paribus <expan abbr="re&longs;p&otilde;derent">re&longs;ponderent</expan>. Media uero <expan abbr="e&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">e&longs;&longs;ent</expan> <lb/>paulo ampliora: Atque maximopere pr&aelig;cauebant/ ut uiribus &aelig;di <lb/>um parcerent ea de re longe ad angulis: et columnarum producti <lb/>onibus apertiones ponebant locis poti&longs;&longs;imum parietis imbecillio <lb/>ribus: &longs;ed qu&aelig; honeri &longs;ub&longs;tinendo non uacarent: Et &longs;eruabant ut <lb/>a &longs;olo ad tectum u&longs;que integr&aelig; &amp; minime inter&longs;ract&aelig; &quml; plures po&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent parietis partes &longs;urgerent ad <expan abbr="perpendicul&utilde;">perpendiculum</expan>. E&longs;t genus quod <lb/>dam qua&longs;i apertionum quod ho&longs;tia &amp; fene&longs;tras &longs;itu et forma imi <lb/>tentur: Sed totam parietis cra&longs;&longs;itudinem non peruadit / Verum <lb/>qua&longs;i &longs;caphis <expan abbr="&itilde;cauatis">incauatis</expan> digna aptaque &longs;patia &longs;ede&longs;que &longs;ignis &amp; tabulis <lb/>pr&aelig;bent. H&aelig;c autem &amp; quo loci et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> crebr&aelig; <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> que ampl&aelig; &longs;tatuen <lb/>de &longs;int/tum dicemus di&longs;tinctius/cum de ornamentis <expan abbr="&aelig;dificior&utilde;">&aelig;dificiorum</expan> <lb/>tractabimus: tam &amp; &longs;i non minus ad impen&longs;&aelig; rationem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad ue <lb/>nu&longs;tatem operis faciat: quod in muro complendo minus lapidum <lb/>&amp; cementi <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;umatur">con&longs;umatur</expan>: Hoc tantum <expan abbr="faci&atilde;t">faciant</expan> ad rem/quod has &longs;ca <lb/>pharum collationes numero aptas/amplitudine inua&longs;tas / forma <lb/>decenti e&longs;&longs;e oportet: ut &longs;ui ordinis penitus fene&longs;tras imitentur: et <lb/>apertiones quidem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi uticunque ille &longs;int aduerti ex <expan abbr="ueter&utilde;">ueterum</expan> <lb/>operibus non ampliores con&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e ponere <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut &longs;ui parietis <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> <lb/>occupent <expan abbr="&longs;eptim&atilde;">&longs;eptimam</expan>: Sed ne minores quidem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut capiant nonam. <lb/>Inter columniorum &longs;patia nimirum inter primas apertiones con <lb/>numeranda &longs;unt: Ea pro &aelig;dificiorum uarietate quoque uaria con&longs;ti <lb/>tuuntur Sed de his di&longs;tinctius dicemus/cum pr&aelig;&longs;ertim de &longs;acris <lb/>&aelig;dibus parandis &longs;uo loco ratiocinabimur. Hic &longs;at &longs;it admonu <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e apertiones ha&longs;ce ita ponendas/ Vt columnarum ratio / qu&aelig; <lb/>tectis &longs;ub&longs;tinendis relinquantur / in primis &longs;it per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> diligenti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me habita: nequid ille quidem graciliores relinquantur atque ra <lb/><expan abbr="riores/&qtilde;">riores/quae</expan> ut commode ferre onus tectorum po&longs;&longs;int: ne ue quidem <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;iores: aut frequentiores <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut are&aelig; &longs;patia &amp; aditus ad rerum <lb/>temporumque u&longs;us expedita relinquantur. C&aelig;terum apertiones <lb/>ali&aelig; cum crebr&aelig; extabunt column&aelig; / Ali&aelig; cum rar&aelig;. Namque<lb/>crebris columnis trabs: raris arcus &longs;uper adducitur. Sed omni <lb/>bus apertionibus/quibus arcus ducitur curandum e&longs;t.
<pb/>ut &longs;it ille quidem arcus non <expan abbr="minor/&qtilde;">minor/quae</expan> circuli dimidia pars parte <lb/>addita &longs;emidiametri &longs;eptima. Nam apud peritos compertum af <lb/>firmant/hunc e&longs;&longs;e omnium unum ad perennitatem accommoda <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum. C&aelig;teros uero omnes arcus e&longs;&longs;e putant imbecilles ad <lb/>ferendum onus: &amp; promptos atque expo&longs;itos ad ruinam. Pr&aelig;tere <lb/>a &longs;emicirculum arcum e&longs;&longs;e unum/qui corda &amp; adminiculis non <lb/>indigeat arbitramur. C&aelig;teros autem omnes/ni eis aut cordam <lb/>aut contraria pondera/quibus cum certent adegeris/ uidemus &longs;u <lb/>apte ui fati&longs;cere atque laba&longs;cere. Non hic pr&aelig;termittam egregium <lb/>id laudeque digni&longs;&longs;imum/quod annotaui apud ueteres apertiones <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi etiam &amp; te&longs;tudinum arcus ita optimis illis ab architec <lb/>tis po&longs;itas in templis/ut &longs;i omnes intimas &longs;ubdemeris columnas/ <lb/>tamen apertionum arcus tectorumque te&longs;tudines per&longs;i&longs;tant &amp; mi <lb/>nime corruant/ita &longs;unt omnes arcuum ductiones/quibus te&longs;tudi <lb/>nes incumbunt/ad &longs;olum u&longs;que perduct&aelig; miro artificio &amp; paucis <lb/>cognito ut &longs;tet opus &longs;olis arcubus incumbendo: Et enim cum illis <lb/>quidem tellus pro corda firmi&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it/quid ni et ip&longs;i p &longs;e arcus <lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imi &aelig;ternum per&longs;i&longs;tent.</s>
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<s>Scalis ponendis plus e&longs;t negocii &quml; ut po&longs;&longs;is ni&longs;i maturo &amp; dige <lb/>&longs;to con&longs;ilio recte ponere: Nam unis in &longs;calis tres ueniunt apertio <lb/>nes: Et harum una quidem e&longs;t ho&longs;tium quo in &longs;calis con&longs;cenden <lb/>dis aditus pateat: Altera e&longs;t fene&longs;tra/qua fiat/ut recepto lumine <lb/>cuiu&longs;que gradus retractio per&longs;piciatur: Tertia e&longs;t contignationis <lb/>&amp; tecti apertio: qua in &longs;uperius pauimentum operimentum que p <lb/>uadimus: Ea de re illud aiunt &longs;calis nimirum impediri operum <lb/>de&longs;criptiones. Sed qui uolent &longs;calis non impediri &longs;calas ip&longs;as <lb/>non impediant: Certum enim &amp; proprium <expan abbr="dicab&utilde;t">dicabunt</expan> &longs;patium are&aelig; <lb/>quo liber &amp; &longs;olutus excur&longs;us pateat: &longs;uprema u&longs;que ad tecta: <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt: Neque te pigeat quod tantum are&aelig; &longs;calis occu <lb/>petur: Nam &longs;atis referent commodi illic/ Vbi c&aelig;teris pa<gap/>bus <lb/>&aelig;dificii inferant minimum incommodi. Adde quod etiam for <lb/>nices &amp; uacua qu&aelig; &longs;ub &longs;calis relinquentur / ad u&longs;us per commo <lb/>dos non deerunt. Scalarum apud nos duo &longs;unt genera: Nam de <lb/>militaribus expeditionum munitionumque &longs;calis non e&longs;t 
<pb/>hoc loco ut referam/ Vn&aelig; quidem per quas non gradibus/Sed o <lb/>bliquo accliui: Alter&aelig; quibus per gradus in &longs;ublime con&longs;cendi <lb/>mus. Accliuia ponere maiores con&longs;ueuere quo ad eius fieri pote <lb/>rat facilia &amp; pre&longs;&longs;a. Verum uti ex eorum &aelig;dificiis annotaui/ &longs;a <lb/>tis commoda putarunt qu&aelig; ita e&longs;&longs;ent ducta: ut altitudinis p rpen <lb/>dens linea ad longitudinis iacentem lineam parte re&longs;ponderet <lb/>&longs;exta. In gradibus uero maxime templorum imparem numerum <lb/>probauere: nam fieri quidem aiunt ut recto intemplum pede <expan abbr="&imacr;gre">ingre</expan> <lb/>diamur: quam rem ad religionem facere arbitrantur. At in his a <lb/>nimaduerti bonos architectos ob&longs;erua&longs;&longs;e ut gradus nunquam fer <lb/>me plures unum in ordinem continuos <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> aut &longs;eptem aut nouem <lb/>adigerent. Credo aut planetarum aut urbium numerum imitates <lb/>Sed adhuiu&longs;modi &longs;eu &longs;eptenos &longs;eu nouenos quo&longs;que gradus con&longs;ul <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ime areolam &longs;ubtexebant: quo fe&longs;&longs;i et imbecilles ad con&longs;cen <lb/>dendi labore intermi&longs;&longs;as haberent quietes: Et &longs;iquis ca&longs;us incidi&longs; <lb/>&longs;et/ut &longs;candentes ruerent/haberent illi quidem &longs;patia ubi <expan abbr="corru&etilde;">corruem</expan> <lb/>di impetum &longs;i&longs;terent/&longs;eque reciperent atque firmarent: Et id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ip&longs;e uehementer probo/ut &longs;int &longs;cal&aelig; &longs;uis areis intercept&aelig;: &longs;intque<lb/>lumino&longs;e &amp; pro loci dignitate ampl&aelig; &amp; &longs;patio&longs;&aelig;. Gradus uero <lb/>&longs;calarum ita finiendos ducebant: ut neque cra&longs;&longs;iores &longs;extante/ne <lb/>que tenuiores dodrante e&longs;&longs;ent. Retractione&longs;que graduum ne minus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;exquipedales/ne ue plus &quml; bipedales ponerentur. Scal&aelig; to <lb/>to in &aelig;dificio quo erunt numero pauciores / quo ue occupabunt <lb/>minus are&aelig;/eo erunt commodiores.</s>
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<s>Fumi et aquarum exitus expeditos e&longs;&longs;e oportet: &amp; ita deriuatos <lb/>ut non per&longs;i&longs;tant/non exhuberent/non <expan abbr="coinquinent/n&otilde;">coinquinent/non</expan> <expan abbr="offend&atilde;t">offendant</expan> <lb/>non <expan abbr="pericul&utilde;">periculum</expan> <expan abbr="affer&atilde;t">afferant</expan> &aelig;dificio. Hinc gulas foci <expan abbr="l&otilde;ge">longe</expan> &longs;eiunxi&longs;&longs;e ab <lb/>omni materia opus <expan abbr="&etilde;/ne">en/ne</expan> aut &longs;cintilla aut concalefact ione incenda <lb/>tur &longs;eu trabs/&longs;eu tignum qu&aelig; fuerint proxima. Riuos etiam flu <lb/><expan abbr="enti&utilde;">entium</expan> aquarum ita deduci iubent ut &longs;upflua <expan abbr="depellan&ttilde;">depellantur</expan> &amp; <expan abbr="null&utilde;">nullum</expan> aut <lb/><expan abbr="abrod&etilde;do">abrodendo</expan> aut <expan abbr="madefaci&etilde;do">madefaciendo</expan> <expan abbr="uiti&utilde;">uitium</expan> <expan abbr="infer&atilde;t">inferant</expan> &aelig;dificio: <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> horum &longs;i&quml; <lb/><expan abbr="nocent/t&atilde;">nocent/tam</expan> &amp; &longs;i minuti&longs;&longs;ime noceant/fit <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> &amp; <expan abbr="t&etilde;poris">temporis</expan> diuturni <lb/>tate &amp; lace&longs;cendi <expan abbr="p&longs;euer&atilde;tia">p&longs;euerantia</expan> ut accumulati&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="noce&atilde;t">noceant</expan>: et inhis <lb/>aquarum <expan abbr="duct&otilde;ibus">ductonibus</expan> ob&longs;eruatum apti&longs;&longs;imis architectis aduerti/ut <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> 
<pb/>imbres &longs;tillicidic rum/aut ita ducerent porrectis fi&longs;tulis/ut <expan abbr="adu&etilde;">aduem</expan> <lb/>tantes non a&longs;pergerent: aut ita exciperent in pluuiis / ut ad u&longs;um <lb/>hominum uel intra ci&longs;ternas colligerent: uel cogerent certis locis <lb/>emanare unde priuate &longs;ordes abluerentur: et hominum nares ocu <lb/>lique minime offender entur. Et in primis cura&longs;&longs;e mihi ui&longs;i &longs;unt: <lb/>Vt omnem aquam pluuiam longe ab &aelig;dificio arcerent atque amo <lb/>uerent/cum c&aelig;teras ob res/tum ne &aelig;dificii &longs;olum humectaretur <lb/>Et in omnibus apertionibus id mihi cura&longs;&longs;e etiam ui&longs;i &longs;unt / ut e <lb/>as ponerent locis apti&longs;&longs;imis/ Vnde plurimum commodorum uni <lb/>uer&longs;o &aelig;dificio pr&aelig;&longs;taretur: &amp; pr&aelig;&longs;ertim puteos maxime inpubli <lb/>ca &amp; patenti &aelig;dis parte ponendos &longs;tatuo/modo digniora: &amp; non <lb/>&longs;ua &longs;patia non occupentur. Et &longs;ub diuo po&longs;itos puriorem &amp; &longs;ince <lb/>riorem aquam exhibere phy&longs;ici affirmant. Sed quacunque &aelig;dis <lb/>parte aut putei info&longs;&longs;i: aut cloac&aelig; &longs;ub&longs;trat&aelig; <expan abbr="fuer&imacr;t">fuerint</expan>: Aut aqua et hu <lb/>mor infuderit/apertiones e&longs;&longs;e illic oportet eiu&longs;modi Vt eo pluri <lb/>mum aeris a&longs;piret/quo humect&aelig; exalationes pauimenti <expan abbr="ab&longs;terg&atilde;">ab&longs;tergam</expan> <lb/>tur et depellantur uentorum afflatu atque aeris impul&longs;u.</s>
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<s>Hactenus de lineamentis &aelig;dificiorum/ qu&aelig; ad uniuer&longs;um opus <lb/>pertinere <expan abbr="uideb&atilde;tur/per&longs;trinximus/&longs;ingulis">uidebantur/per&longs;trinximus/&longs;ingulis</expan> rerum dicendarum <lb/>generibus annotatis. Nunc deopere &amp; &longs;tructura <expan abbr="&aelig;dificior&utilde;">&aelig;dificiorum</expan> dicen <lb/>dum e&longs;t Sed prius de materia: &amp; rebus his/qu&aelig; para&longs;&longs;e ad mate <lb/>riam opportet.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE MATERIA <lb/>LIBER SECVNDVS<lb/>
<arrow.to.target n="marg3"></arrow.to.target></s>
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<s><margin.target id="marg3"></margin.target>o</s>
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<s>PVS AEDIFICIORVM ATQVE <lb/>impen&longs;am non temere incohandam arbitror/ <lb/>cum c&aelig;teras ob res/tum ne honori et nomini <lb/>officiat. Nam cum bene con&longs;titutum opus <lb/>his omnibus laudem efferat: qui in ea re con <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ili&utilde;">&longs;ilium</expan>: opam: <expan abbr="&longs;tudi&utilde;">&longs;tudium</expan> ue adhibuere: <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> &longs;iqd <lb/>erit <expan abbr="&imacr;quo">inquo</expan> auctoris <expan abbr="prud&etilde;ti&atilde;">prudentiam</expan> aut opificis periti <lb/>am ulla ex parte de&longs;ideres/plurimum laudi &amp; nomini officiet.</s>
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<s>Et patent quidem atque admodum in promptu extant laudes et ui <lb/>tia maxime publicorum opus: inquibus magis ad &longs;e <expan abbr="de&longs;piciend&utilde;">de&longs;piciendum</expan> <lb/>ne&longs;cio quo pacto trahit quod indecens e&longs;t / <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad &longs;e admirandum <lb/>quod pulchre perfectum et omni ex parte ab&longs;olutum con&longs;tet. Ac <lb/>mirum quidem quid ita &longs;it cur monente natura &amp; docti et indoc <lb/>ti omnes in artibus et rationibus rerum quid nam in&longs;it aut recti: <lb/>aut praui confe&longs;tim &longs;entimus: E&longs;tque pr&aelig;&longs;ertim in rebus eiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;en&longs;us oculorum unus omnium acerrimus: Quo fit ut &longs;iquid &longs;e <lb/>obtulerit: in quo aliquid curtum/claudicans/redundans inane: <lb/>aut inconditum &longs;it/i&longs;&longs;ico commoueamur: et lepidiora e&longs;&longs;e de&longs;ide <lb/>remus. Cur id accidat <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> omnes intelligimus /tamen &longs;i rogemur <lb/>emendari corrigique po&longs;&longs;e negabit nemo. At qualis ea &longs;it ratio exe <lb/>quendi: non erit omnium explica&longs;&longs;e: Sed &longs;olum in ea re bene con <lb/>&longs;ultorum: Bene quidem con&longs;ulti e&longs;t omnia pr&aelig;cogita&longs;&longs;e et pr&aelig;fi <lb/>ni&longs;&longs;e animo &amp; mente/ne in opere aut perficiundo. aut iam ab&longs;olu <lb/>to <expan abbr="dic&etilde;dum">dicendum</expan> &longs;it hoc nolui&longs;&longs;em/&quml; illud malui&longs;&longs;em. Et mirum qui <lb/>dem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> non leui&longs;&longs;imas penas male con&longs;tructi operis pendamus: <lb/>Quod enim temere et incon&longs;ulti aggre&longs;&longs;i initio non perpendera <lb/>mus/temporum &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;u tandem recogno&longs;cimus: Ex quo fit aut <lb/>&aelig;ternum ob erroris offen&longs;am peniteat: &longs;i non deleatur ac emende <lb/>tur: aut &longs;i demoliatur/impen&longs;arum et iactur&aelig; ratio/iudiciique tui <lb/>leuitas &amp; incon&longs;tantia damnetur. Iuliu&longs; C&aelig;&longs;ar &aelig;dem a <expan abbr="nemor&etilde;&longs;i">nemoren&longs;i</expan> <lb/>a fundamentis incohatam/magnoque &longs;umptu ab&longs;olutam/quia non <lb/>tota ad animum ei re&longs;ponderet/totam dirui&longs;&longs;e affirmat Suetoni <lb/>us. Qua quidem in re etiam apud nos po&longs;teros uituperandus ue <lb/>nit &longs;iquid tum non &longs;atis qu&aelig; ad rem facerent pr&aelig;cogitauit: aut &longs;i <lb/>forte qu&aelig; tum erant recte in&longs;tituta potuit po&longs;tea leuitatis errore <lb/>odi&longs;&longs;e.</s>
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<s>Iccirco uetus optime edificantium mos mihi quidem &longs;emper pro <lb/>babitur: ut non per&longs;criptione modo et pictura/ uerum etiam mo <lb/>dulis <expan abbr="ex&etilde;plarii&longs;que">exemplarii&longs;que</expan> factis a&longs;&longs;erula &longs;eu qua uis re uniuer&longs;um opus et <lb/>&longs;ingule cunctarum partium dimen&longs;iones de con&longs;ilio in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;i <lb/>morum iterum atque iterum pen&longs;itemus atque examinentur prius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>quid aliud aggrediare quod impen&longs;am aut curam exigat. In mo 
<pb/>dulis uero ducendis dabitur/ut regionis &longs;itum &amp; arc&aelig; ambitum <lb/>&amp; partium numerum atque ordinem: et parietum faciem: et tecto <lb/>rum firmitatem: et omnium denique rerum/de quibus libro &longs;uperi <lb/>ore tran&longs;egimus rationem &amp; conformationem pulcherrime &longs;pec <lb/>tes atque con&longs;ideres: Et licebit i&longs;tic impune addere/diminuere/ <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="mutare/&imacr;nouare">mutare/innouare</expan> ac penitus peruertere quoad omnia recte <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueni">conueni</expan> <lb/>ant &amp; comprobentur. Adde quod futur&aelig; impen&longs;&aelig; modus et &longs;umma <lb/>qu&aelig; res minime negligenda e&longs;t/certior habebitur latitudine/alti <lb/>tudine/cra&longs;&longs;itudine/numero/amplitudine/forma/&longs;pecie qualita <lb/>teque rerum &longs;ingularum pro earum dignitate etfabroium manu <expan abbr="p&etilde;">pem</expan> <lb/>&longs;itatis. Nam columnarum: capitulorum: ba&longs;ium: coronarum: fa <lb/>&longs;tigiorum: cru&longs;tationum: pauimentorum: &longs;tatuarumque &amp; eiu&longs;mo <lb/>di <gap/> qu&aelig; quidem aut ad con&longs;tituendum: aut ad exornandum &aelig;difi <lb/>cium pertinent ratio et &longs;umma explicatior certiorque habebitur.</s>
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<s>Hoc pr&aelig;termittendum nequie&quml; cen&longs;eo/quod ualde faciat ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/>modulos fucatos et ut ita loquar pictur&aelig; l&aelig;nociniis faleratos pro <lb/>ducere <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> eius architecti/qui rem docere &longs;tudeat. Sed eius e&longs;t am <lb/>bitio&longs;i qui &longs;pectantis oculos illicere et occupare animumque ab <lb/>recta di&longs;qui&longs;itione partium <expan abbr="p&etilde;&longs;andarum">pen&longs;andarum</expan> admouere ad &longs;e <expan abbr="admir&atilde;">admiram</expan> <lb/>dum conetur. Quare modulos uelim dari non exacto artificio p <lb/>finitos: ter&longs;os: illu&longs;tratos: Sed nudos &amp; &longs;implices: in quibus <expan abbr="inu&etilde;">inuem</expan> <lb/>toris <expan abbr="ingenium/n&otilde;">ingenium/non</expan> fabri manum probes: Inter pictoris atque archi <lb/>tecti per&longs;criptionem hoc intere&longs;t/ quod ille prominentias ex tabula <lb/><expan abbr="m&otilde;&longs;trare">mon&longs;trare</expan> umbris et lineis et angulis comminutis elaborat: Archi <lb/>tectus &longs;pretis umbris prominentias i&longs;tic ex fundamenti de&longs;eripti <lb/>one ponit: Spatia uero &amp; figuras frontis cuiu&longs;que &amp; laterum alibi <lb/>con&longs;tantibus lineis atque ueris angulis docet/uti qui &longs;ua uelit non <lb/>apparentibus putari ui&longs;is/&longs;ed certis rati&longs;que dimen&longs;ionibus annota <lb/>ri. Itaque modulos huiu&longs;modi feci&longs;&longs;e oportet: et eos ita diligenti&longs; <lb/>&longs;ime tecum ip&longs;o et una cum pluribus examina&longs;&longs;e: et iterum atque<lb/>iterum recognoui&longs;&longs;e/ut nihil in opere uel minimum futurum &longs;it <lb/>quod non et quid et quale ip&longs;um &longs;it &amp; quas &longs;edes &amp; quantum &longs;pa <lb/>tii occupaturum &longs;it/et quos ad u&longs;um futurum &longs;it/teneas. Et pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ertim tectorum ratio pr&aelig;ceteris ut expediti&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it in primis 
<pb/><expan abbr="cur&atilde;dum">curandum</expan> e&longs;t. Nam tectum quidem natura &longs;ui/&longs;irecte <expan abbr="&imacr;terpretor">interpretor</expan> <lb/>ex omni &aelig;dificatione mortalibus primum fuit eorum qu&aelig; ad <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> <lb/>quietis facerent: adeo ut tectorum gratia <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> paries &longs;olum: et qu&aelig; <lb/>cum parietibus <expan abbr="&longs;urg&utilde;t">&longs;urgunt</expan> et con&longs;ecuntur: Verum etiam ea qu&aelig; &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;olo ip&longs;o &longs;unt inuenta e&longs;&longs;e non negent/uti &longs;unt aquarum depul&longs;i <lb/>ones et deriuationes qu&aelig; ex imbribus et cloac&aelig; &amp; eiu&longs;modi: Ego <lb/>uero u&longs;u i&longs;tarum rerum perdoctus memini &quml; &longs;it difficile perducere o <lb/>pus/ut in eo &longs;int partium commoditates dignitati uenu&longs;tatique <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>iunct&aelig;: hoc e&longs;t ut habeant eum c&aelig;tera qu&aelig; probentur/tum et par <lb/>tium excultam uarietatem/qualem proportionum ratio &amp; <expan abbr="conc&imacr;">concim</expan> <lb/>nitas diffinierit. Magnum e&longs;t &longs;uperi id quidem/&longs;ed <expan abbr="habili/de&longs;t&imacr;a">habili/de&longs;tina</expan> <lb/>to decenti aptoque tecto operire cuncta h&aelig;c non ni&longs;i &longs;olertis: et ad <lb/>modum <expan abbr="circ&utilde;&longs;pecti">circun&longs;pecti</expan> e&longs;&longs;e ingenii opus &amp; artificii affirmo. <expan abbr="Dem&utilde;">Demum</expan> <lb/>cum tibi alii&longs;que peritis tota operis facies perplacebit et <expan abbr="c&otilde;iectatio">coniectatio</expan> <lb/>ita ut nihil &longs;e offerat in quo h&aelig;&longs;ites/nihil in quo melius po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>&longs;ilium capi &longs;tatuas/moneo ne libidine &aelig;dificandi ad opus <expan abbr="incoh&atilde;">incoham</expan> <lb/>dum properes uetu&longs;ta &aelig;dificia demoliendo aut <expan abbr="&imacr;mania">immania</expan> uniuer&longs;i o <lb/>peris fundamenta iaciendo: quod ip&longs;um incon&longs;iderati &amp; pr&aelig;cipi <lb/>tes <expan abbr="faci&utilde;t">faciunt</expan>: Sed &longs;i me audias &longs;uper&longs;edebis tempus aliquod/quoad <lb/>ingenii tui recens approbatio deferbuerit/cuncta demum accura <lb/>tius recogniturus/cum non inuenti amore: &longs;ed con&longs;ilii rationibus <lb/>dabitur/ut de ip&longs;a re con&longs;ideratius diiudices: Omnibus enim in <lb/>rebus agendis multa tempus afferet ut aduertas atque perpendas / <lb/>qu&aelig; te uel &longs;olerti&longs;&longs;imum fugerant</s>
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<s>Modulos tibi recognituro h&aelig;c inter <expan abbr="pen&longs;&atilde;das">pen&longs;andas</expan> rationes uer&longs;entur <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Principio nequid aggrediare &longs;upra uires hominum: <lb/>Ne ue quid &longs;u&longs;cipias: quod cum rerum natura protinus depugna <lb/>turum &longs;it. Natur&aelig; enim uis tam &amp; &longs;i interdum mole obiecta iter <lb/>pelletur: aut innixu aliquo detorqueatur/eiu&longs;modi tamen e&longs;t/ut <lb/>&longs;iuerit ea quidem nun&quml; non &longs;uperare ac profligare quicquid obuer <lb/>&longs;etur: atque impediat: Et omnem quidem contra &longs;e expo&longs;itam rerum<lb/>ut ita loquar: <expan abbr="peruicaci&atilde;">peruicaciam</expan> diuturna et a&longs;&longs;idua oppugnandi per&longs;eue <lb/>rantia tempore/fecunditate labefactat atque per&longs;ternit. &quml; multa ho <lb/>minum manufacta et legimus &amp; uidemus <expan abbr="null&atilde;">nullam</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ob <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> 
<pb/>non dura&longs;&longs;e/ni&longs;i quod cum natura rerum contenderint. Eum qui <lb/>ponte nauibus producto obequitare in&longs;tituerat mare quis non irri <lb/>deat: aut potius <expan abbr="in&longs;ol&etilde;tis">in&longs;olentis</expan> oderit in&longs;aniam? Portum Claudii &longs;ub <lb/>ho&longs;tia: et apud Teracinam portum Adrian<gap/>opera omni exparte <lb/>alioquin &aelig;terna/tamen uidemus iam tum pridem ob&longs;tru&longs;is hare <lb/>na faucibus &amp; repleto &longs;inu penitus defeci&longs;&longs;e mare <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> intermi&longs; <lb/>&longs;a illuctatione a&longs;&longs;idua lace&longs;&longs;ente &amp; in dies peruincente. Quid <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <lb/>putas futurum ubi aut impetentium aquarum uim: aut ruentium <lb/>rupium molem omnino arcere propellereque in&longs;titueris? Qu&aelig; <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>ita &longs;int aduerti&longs;&longs;e oportet nequid eiu&longs;modi aggrediamur quod <lb/>ip&longs;um non recte cum rerum natura conueniat. Proxime <expan abbr="cauend&utilde;">cauendum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;t nequid ad te recipias in quo perficiundo ip&longs;e tibi deficias re <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>perfecta. Tarquinum regem Romanorum/ni &longs;uperi dii amplitu <lb/>dini urbis faui&longs;&longs;ent/ni cre&longs;cente imperio &longs;atis opum ad tantam in <lb/>cohatam magnificentiam &longs;uppedita&longs;&longs;ent/quis non uitupera&longs;&longs;et/ <lb/>quod templi fundamentis iaciundis <expan abbr="tot&atilde;">totam</expan> futuri operis impen&longs;am <lb/>profudi&longs;&longs;et? Accedit quod non modo quid queas/uerum &amp; quid <lb/>deceat non in po&longs;tremis con&longs;iderandum e&longs;t. Rhodopen Thraci <lb/>am meretricem illam celebrem &amp; &longs;uorum temporum memoriam <lb/>non laudo: Qu&aelig; &longs;ibi &longs;epulchrum incredibili <expan abbr="&itilde;pen&longs;a">impen&longs;a</expan> condi iu&longs;&longs;it: <lb/>Nam ea quidem &amp; &longs;i meretricio qu&aelig;&longs;tu regias adepta e&longs;&longs;et opes <lb/>regio tamen digna &longs;epulchro <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> fuit. At reginam Cari&aelig; ar <lb/>temi&longs;iam contra non uitupero/qu&aelig; <expan abbr="am&atilde;ti&longs;&longs;imo">amanti&longs;&longs;imo</expan> et digni&longs;&longs;imo ui <lb/>ro &longs;epulchrum condidit magnificenti&longs;&longs;imum: <expan abbr="&qtilde;uis">quauis</expan> quoque in his <lb/>mode&longs;tiam probem. Mecenatem increpabat Horatius quod &aelig;difi <lb/>cando in&longs;aniret. Mihi uero apud Cornelium tacitum probatur is <lb/>qui othoni &longs;epulchrum po&longs;uit modicum/&longs;ed man&longs;urum. Quod <lb/>&amp; &longs;i in priuatis monumentis mode&longs;tiam/in publicis magnificen <lb/>tiam exigunt publica etiam interdum priuatorum mode&longs;tia col <lb/>laudantur. Pompeii theatrum <expan abbr="obegregi&atilde;">obegregiam</expan> opis <expan abbr="magnitudin&etilde;">magnitudinem</expan> et di <lb/>gnitatem laudibus et admiratione pro&longs;equimur. Dignum opus <lb/>et Pompeio et uictrice Roma. Sed Neronis &aelig;dificandi in&longs;aniam <lb/>et ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorum operum ad&longs;oluendorum furorem non omnes pro<lb/>bant: Tum et eum qui tam multis hominum milibus <expan abbr="m&otilde;t&etilde;">montem</expan> apud 
<pb/>puteolos non foderit quis non malit ultiori aliqua in re tantum o <lb/>per&aelig; atque impen&longs;e con&longs;ump&longs;i&longs;&longs;e. Eliogaballi prodigio&longs;am <expan abbr="in&longs;ol&etilde;">in&longs;olem</expan> <lb/>tiam quis non dete&longs;tabitur. Cogitarat enim columnam ponere in <lb/>gentem/per quam intrin&longs;ecus ad &longs;ummum con&longs;cenderetur: ut il <lb/>lic Eliogabal&longs;um deum/cui e&longs;&longs;et initiatus/locaret: Sed non in<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>to tam ua&longs;to &longs;axo conqui&longs;ito u&longs;que ad <expan abbr="thebaid&etilde;">thebaidem</expan> de&longs;titit. His etiam <lb/>addendum e&longs;t nequid aggrediare quod ip&longs;um &amp; &longs;i alioquin utile <lb/>dignum ac <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> penitus difficile factu &longs;it facultatibus et temporis <lb/>oportunitate &longs;uppeditantibus/tamen &longs;it ip&longs;um eiu&longs;modi ut bre <lb/>ui aut &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;oris negligentia aut incolarum tedio <expan abbr="defectur&utilde;">defecturum</expan> &longs;it. <lb/>Fo&longs;&longs;am quinque remibus nauigabilem ab Auerno u&longs;que <expan abbr="ho&longs;ti&atilde;">ho&longs;tiam</expan> a Ne <lb/>rone in&longs;titutam cum alias ob res uitupero/ tum etiam quod in ea <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;eru&atilde;da">&longs;eruanda</expan> perpetuam eternamque imperii felicitatem et huius rei &longs;tu <lb/>dio&longs;os continue principes de&longs;idera&longs;&longs;et. Qu&aelig; cum ita &longs;int officii <lb/>erit ea &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e qu&aelig; recen&longs;uimus: hoc e&longs;t quid &longs;it quod agas/ &amp; <lb/>quid quo agas loco: et qui &longs;is qui id agas: Et pro eius dignitate et <lb/>u&longs;u rem totam con&longs;tituere nimirum hominis erit bene co&longs;ulti et <lb/>con&longs;iderati. His notatis atque animaduer&longs;is lu&longs;tranda tibi crunt re <lb/>liqua/an &longs;int eorum qu&aelig;que recte definita et apte &longs;uis locis di&longs;tri <lb/>buta: Quo pro munere obeundo ip&longs;um te ita compares opus e&longs;t: <lb/>ut in omni rerum i&longs;tarum aduer&longs;ione pr&aelig; te feras turpe ducere te <lb/>non id a&longs;&longs;equi quoad in te &longs;it: Vtaliud alibi opus nullum pari <lb/>factum impen&longs;a et &longs;imili ductum oportunita<gap/>e po&longs;&longs;it/ aut &longs;pecta <lb/>ri lubentius/aut laudari uberius. Neque enim &longs;at e&longs;t i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in <lb/>rebus non contenni/&longs;ed probari quidem in primis <expan abbr="c&etilde;decet/et">cendecet/et</expan> <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> <lb/>haberi ut imitentur. Quare &longs;eueros e&longs;&longs;e nos et per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tes">diligentes</expan> re <lb/>rum explicatores oportet: Et curandum ut cum nihil non elegans <lb/>&amp; probati&longs;&longs;imum interponatur: tum et omnia inter &longs;e mutuo ad <lb/>dignitatem gratiamque conueniant/u&longs;que adeo ut quicquid addide <lb/>ris aut mutaris aut detraxeris uitio&longs;ius id et d<gap/>terius futurum &longs;it <lb/>Sed rerum i&longs;tarum iterum atque <expan abbr="iter&utilde;">iterum</expan> admoneo/fac &longs;it moderatiix <lb/>peritorum prudentia et con&longs;ilium eorum/ qui &longs;pectaturi &longs;int rec <lb/>ro aliquo &amp; &longs;incero cum iudicio. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> i&longs;torum <expan abbr="&longs;c&imacr;a">&longs;cina</expan> et <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;titutis">in&longs;titutis</expan> m<gap/>gis <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> priuata uoluntate &amp; &longs;en&longs;u dabitur/ut qu&aelig; agas uel <expan abbr="opt&itilde;a">optina</expan> &longs;int/ 
<pb/>uel optimis &longs;imilia. Demum peritorum uoce probari quod agas <lb/>profecto pulcherrimum e&longs;t: &amp; &longs;atis &longs;uperque approbant qui melio <lb/>ra non afferunt: ex qua re &longs;ractum quoque uoluptatis capias <expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> <lb/>nemo i&longs;torum qui &longs;apiunt non a&longs;&longs;entiantur: Et conferet <expan abbr="quo&longs;d&atilde;">quo&longs;dam</expan> <lb/>audi&longs;&longs;e: Nam interdum cuenit/ut etiam i&longs;tarum rerum imperiti <lb/>ea dicant qu&aelig; minime a&longs;pernenda periti&longs;&longs;imis uideantur.</s>
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<s>Cum uero tota &aelig;dificii ratio ex &longs;ingulis modulorum partibus ita <lb/>erit apud te &longs;pectata et cognita: ut nihil non animaduer&longs;um: nihil <lb/>non adnotatum u&longs;piam relinquatur: &amp; interea ita omnino decre <lb/>ueris &aelig;dificare: et apud te con&longs;tabit unde &longs;umptibus oportune &longs;a <lb/>ti&longs;fiat/parabis reliqua ad opus ip&longs;um exequendum nece&longs;&longs;aria: ne <lb/>quid inter &aelig;dificandum de&longs;it: quod a perficiundi operis celerita <lb/>te auocet. Nam cum &longs;int plura quibus ad opus ab&longs;oluendum <expan abbr="&itilde;di">indi</expan> <lb/>geas: cumque illorum quid uis ni ad&longs;it omnem &longs;tructuram po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>aut impedire aut uitiare/officii erit nihil neglexi&longs;&longs;e/quod confe <lb/>rat &longs;i ad&longs;it: aut noceat/&longs;i de&longs;it. Dauid et Salomon hebreorum re <lb/>ges facturi <expan abbr="t&etilde;plum">templum</expan> hiero&longs;olimis/cum maximam uim auri/argen <lb/>ti/&aelig;ris/lignorum/lapidi&longs;que &amp; eiu&longs;modi para&longs;&longs;ent: tum et neqd <lb/>dee&longs;&longs;et quod ad rei facilitatem &amp; celeritatem faceret/ a proximis <lb/>regibus multa <expan abbr="fabror&utilde;">fabrorum</expan> milia et architectos accer&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Eu <lb/>&longs;ebius Pamphilus. Quod factum quidem uehementer probo: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <lb/>affert nimirum operi dignitatem: et auctoris gloriam accumulati <lb/>orem reddit: quod arte ac recte factum mature perfectum &longs;it apd <lb/>&longs;criptores celebratur. Alexander Macedo/quem refert Curtius/ <lb/>urbem apud Tanaim non <expan abbr="minim&atilde;">minimam</expan> &aelig;difica&longs;&longs;e diebus non plus &longs;ep <lb/>tem. Et Nabuchodona&longs;or quod templum Beli ut &longs;cribit lo&longs;ephus <lb/>hi&longs;toricus/diebus quindecim ab&longs;oluerit: quod ue Babilonem tri <lb/>plici/uti aiunt/muro cinxerit diebus itidem quindecim. Titus <lb/>quod murum &longs;tadiorum paulo minus quadraginta a&longs;truxerit. Se <lb/>miramis quod &longs;ingula maximorum murorum &longs;tadia apd Babilo <lb/>nem &longs;ingulis diebus perfecerit: quod ue murum ad cohercendum <lb/>latum &longs;tadiis ducentis admodum profundum atque latum dicbus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>plus &longs;eptem duxerit. Sed de his alias</s>
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<s>Qu&aelig; uero para&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;uenit/nimirum">conuenit/nimirum</expan> h&aelig;c &longs;unt/calx/harena lapis 
<pb/>materia: item et ferrum et &aelig;s et plumbum et uitrum: et huiu&longs;mo <lb/>di. Et inprimis fabros minime imperitos/minime leues/minime <lb/>incon&longs;tantes. &longs;eligendos duco: quibus tu opus recte per&longs;criptum <lb/>&longs;edulo faciundum mandes atque commendes/ut probe perfiniant/ <lb/>matur&aelig;que ab&longs;oluant. Et in his omnibus probandis iuuabit ex pro <lb/>ximis qu&aelig; alibi inpromptu extant operibus ducere argumenta et <lb/>coniecturas quibus admonitus &longs;tatuas quid tua in re <expan abbr="agend&utilde;">agendum</expan> &longs;it: <lb/>Namque in illis uitia &amp; laudes notentur/eodem quoque in tuo futu <lb/>ra opere per&longs;imillima poteris arbitrari. Nero princeps cum in&longs;ti <lb/>tui&longs;&longs;et centum ac uiginti pedum Rom&aelig; ad uenerationem &longs;olis co <lb/>lo&longs;&longs;um ponere: in quo &longs;uperiorum amplitudinem &amp; magnificen <lb/>tiam &longs;uperaret/non prius loca&longs;&longs;e faciundum Zenodaro artifici p <lb/>ea tempora celebri ac &longs;ingulari &longs;cribit <expan abbr="Plinius/&qtilde;">Plinius/quae</expan> &longs;atis probatum <lb/>uidit quid in tanti operis artificio ualeret facto in gallia apud ar <lb/>uernos collo&longs;o miri ponderis. Atque hi&longs; o&longs;titutis ad c&aelig;tera pro&longs;equa <lb/>mur. Atqui nos quidem in huiu&longs;modi rebus/qu&aelig; ad opus &aelig;di&longs;i <lb/>ciorum commoda &longs;unt/recen&longs;endis/ea referamus qu&aelig; d<gap/>i uete <lb/>res tradidere: Pr&aelig;&longs;ertim Theophra&longs;tu&longs; / Ari&longs;toteles/Cato/ Var <lb/>ro/Plinius/Vitruuiu&longs;que. Nam ea quidem longa ob&longs;eruatione <lb/><expan abbr="magis/&qtilde;">magis/quae</expan> ullis ingenii artibus cogno&longs;cuntur: Vt ab his qui i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi &longs;umma diligentia <expan abbr="adnotarunt/pet&etilde;da">adnotarunt/petenda</expan> &longs;int. Sequemur <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> <lb/>ea colligentes: qu&aelig; probati&longs;&longs;imi ueteres pluribus et uariis locis trac <lb/>tauere. Addemus etiam no&longs;tro pro more &longs;iqua ip&longs;i ex maiorum o <lb/>peribus aut ex peritorum artificum monitis adnotarimus: qu&aelig; u&longs; <lb/>la ex parte dicendis conferant: Et enim <expan abbr="perc&otilde;mode">percommode</expan> fieri arbitror <lb/>&longs;i naturam rerum ip&longs;arum &longs;equentes ab his ip&longs;is incipiemus/qu&aelig; <lb/>prius ad hanc rem &aelig;dificatoriam &longs;ibi homines u&longs;urparunt. Ea ni <lb/>fallimur fuere c&aelig;du&aelig; arbores &amp; &longs;yluarum materia/tam &amp; &longs;i apd <lb/>auctores <expan abbr="inueni&atilde;">inueniam</expan> qui de his inter &longs;e di&longs;crepent. Sunt qui dicant <lb/>homines primum <expan abbr="&longs;pel&utilde;cis">&longs;peluncis</expan> habita&longs;&longs;e ita ut pecus et domini <expan abbr="c&etilde;mu">cemmu</expan> <lb/>ni clauderentur umbra: Hinc credunt quod fertur apud Plinium <lb/>Gelium quendam Taxium imitatione natur&aelig; primum omnium <lb/>luteum &longs;ibi a&longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e &aelig;dificium: Deam Diodorus Ve&longs;tam &longs;atur <lb/>ni filiam ait primum habitacula adinueni&longs;&longs;e: Eu&longs;ebius <expan abbr="P&atilde;philus">Pamphilus</expan> 
<pb/><expan abbr="eleg&atilde;s">elegans</expan> antiquitatum per&longs;crutator ex ueterum te&longs;timoniis Protho <lb/>genii nepotes excogita&longs;&longs;e hominibus domicuia a&longs;&longs;euerat/qu&aelig; ex <lb/>foliis harundinum &amp; papiro <expan abbr="intexeren&ttilde;">intexerentur</expan>. Sed nos redeamus ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan></s>
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<s>Veteres igitur &amp; in primis Theophra&longs;tus &longs;cindere <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;">arborem</expan> pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ertim abietem et piceam et pinum iubent/ubi primum germina&longs; <lb/>&longs;e tenero&longs;que caudices promp&longs;i&longs;&longs;e occeperint: Vbi &amp; piopter hu <lb/>moris exuberantiam facile corticem amoui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;is: E&longs;&longs;e tamen <lb/>aliquas po&longs;t <expan abbr="u&imacr;demiam">uindemiam</expan>: qu&aelig; c&aelig;&longs;&aelig; commodiores &longs;int: uti e&longs;t acer <lb/>ulmus/fraxinus/tilia/ Robora item &longs;i <expan abbr="cred&atilde;tur">credantur</expan> uere/fieri teredi <lb/>no&longs;a atte&longs;tantur. At eadem &longs;i cedantur bruma/fieri ut neque uitien <lb/>tur/neque pandantur: Et faciat adrem quod adnotarunt materiam <lb/>quidem: qu&aelig; per brumam flante borea cedatur/etiam <expan abbr="uirent&etilde;">uirentem</expan> bel <lb/>li&longs;&longs;ime &amp; prope immunem fumo ardere: Qu&aelig; res inditio e&longs;t hu <lb/>morem &longs;ucco&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e non crudo &longs;ed dige&longs;to. Vitruuio placuit <lb/>materiam cedi a primo autumno u&longs;que <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequae</expan> flare incipiat Fauoni <lb/>us. He&longs;iodus quando inquit &longs;ol no&longs;trum in caput pendens multa <lb/>inferue&longs;cit ui<gap/>et hominum inde color fu&longs;catur/ tunc me&longs;&longs;is in&longs;tat <lb/>Cum uero decidere folia ceperint/tu &longs;iluam cedito. At Cato rem <lb/>totam &longs;ic moderatur. Materiem inquit &longs;i robur &longs;it/cedito ubi &longs;ol <lb/>&longs;titium fuerit: Nam ad brumam &longs;emper intempe&longs;tiua e&longs;t: c&aelig;tera <lb/>materies qu&aelig; &longs;emen habet<gap/>cum maturum fuerit: qu&aelig; non habet/ <lb/>cum libuerit: Qu&aelig; maturum &amp; una uiride habet/tunc cedito <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>&longs;emen exciderit: Vlmum uero cum cadunt &longs;olia. Et referre pluri <lb/>mum aiunt qua luna ferrum adigas. Nanque tantam quidem uim <lb/>lunationum e&longs;&longs;e in eiu&longs;modi rebus ferro attingendis putant<gap/> cum <lb/>c&aelig;teri/tum in primis Varro: ut etiam qui tondantur luna decre <lb/>&longs;cente fieri confe&longs;tim caluos a&longs;&longs;euerent: Eaque de re <expan abbr="Tiberi&utilde;">Tiberium</expan> prin <lb/>cipem referunt diem capillo tondendo &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e. A&longs;tronomi affir <lb/>mant non defuturam animo tri&longs;titiam &longs;i capillum aut unguem &longs;e <lb/>cueris luna oppre&longs;&longs;a maleque affecta. Illud faciat ad rem quod <expan abbr="ai&utilde;t">aiunt</expan> <lb/>quas res ad u&longs;um habiturus &longs;is/ut locis <expan abbr="moue&atilde;tur">moueantur</expan> has ferro manu <lb/>que tractandas cum fuerit luna in libra cancro ue: Qu&aelig; uero &longs;tabili <lb/>a &amp; locis immota futura &longs;int/tunc incohandas et pertractandas <lb/>cum erit luna <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> leone tauro ue &amp; eiu&longs;modi. Sed cedi oportere ma 
<pb/>teriem periti omnes admonent luna deficiente: Nam tune admo <lb/>dum exhau&longs;tam e&longs;&longs;e arboris &longs;tatuunt cra&longs;&longs;am illam pituitatem: <lb/>qu&aelig; quidem adcitam putredinem <expan abbr="imbuend&atilde;">imbuendam</expan> per prona &longs;it: lunaque<lb/>i&longs;thac c&aelig;&longs;am cari&aelig; non infe&longs;tari expertum e&longs;t. Hinc e&longs;t quod <lb/>aiunt/frumenta ut uendas metito luna pleniore: Nam et ip&longs;a <expan abbr="t&utilde;e">tune</expan> <lb/>admodum plena &longs;unt: ut uero a&longs;&longs;erues metito luna &longs;itiente: Con <lb/>&longs;tat etiam frondes arborum luna decre&longs;cente pr&aelig;paratas <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> putre <lb/>&longs;cere. Diem uero cedendis arboribus commodam putat Columel <lb/>la a uige&longs;ima u&longs;que ad trige&longs;imam con&longs;ene&longs;centis lur&aelig;. Vegetio <lb/>&longs;cindi arborem placuit a quintadecima u&longs;que ad uige&longs;imam &longs;ecun <lb/>dam lunam: hincque religionem ortam putat: ut pio eternitate his <lb/>tantum diebus celebrent: quod per eos c&aelig;&longs;a &aelig;ternum durent. Ad <lb/>dunt et lunam ob&longs;eruandam ut occidat. At Plinius optime c&aelig;di <lb/>arborem putat cane maxime oriente lunaque coheunte: qui dies in <lb/>terlunium uocatur: et noctem ducit expectandam eius ip&longs;ius diei <lb/>quoad luna &longs;ub terra &longs;it. Huius rei rationem A&longs;tronomi e&longs;&longs;e pre <lb/><expan abbr="dic&atilde;t">dicant</expan>: quod ui lun&aelig; omnis re<gap/>um humor commoueatur. Ergo hu <lb/>more lunam uer&longs;us ad ultimas radicis fibras aut retracto aut de&longs;ti <lb/>tuto/C&aelig;tera materies perpurgatior relinquitur. Adde his quod <lb/>multo fideliores putant futuras &longs;i non &longs;tatim pro&longs;temantur/ Ve <lb/>rum circuncidantur ut &longs;tantes &longs;ic are&longs;cant: Quin &amp; abietem arbo <lb/>rem alioquin <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> humoris contagionem haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> <lb/>&longs;i luna decre&longs;cente decorticetur/futuram affirmant/ut aquis non <lb/>corrumpatur. Sunt qui atte&longs;tentur robur et <expan abbr="qu&aelig;rc&utilde;">qu&aelig;rcum</expan> graues ma <lb/>terias/qu&aelig; aquis natura &longs;ub&longs;idant/&longs;i circuncidantur uere primo <lb/>&amp; po&longs;t ami&longs;&longs;am frondem pro&longs;ternantur/reddi ut aquis ad diem <lb/>u&longs;que nonage&longs;imum adnatent: Alii amplius concidi &longs;tantis arboris <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;itudinem <expan abbr="iub&etilde;t">iubent</expan> ad mediam u&longs;que medullam quo &longs;anies &amp; ma <lb/>lus &longs;uccus &longs;tillando effu&longs;ius depleatur: His addunt ne <expan abbr="ull&atilde;">ullam</expan> &longs;ter <lb/>nas arborem dolandam aut &longs;ecandam ante &longs;ues &aelig;ditos fructus et <lb/>&longs;eminis maturitatem: Perci&longs;am inde arborem/ut pr&aelig;&longs;ertim qu&aelig; <lb/>fructum ferat/nudari penitus cortice admonent oportere. Nam <lb/>facile quidem &longs;ub libro/dum cortice opert&aelig; <expan abbr="&longs;tent/contaminan&ttilde;">&longs;tent/contaminantur</expan>. <lb/>C&aelig;&longs;am materiem habere conditam oportet loco ubi graues &longs;oles 
<pb/>et acres uentorum afflatus non appellant: &amp; pr&aelig;&longs;ertim qu&aelig; <expan abbr="&longs;p&otilde;">&longs;pom</expan> <lb/>te <expan abbr="dan&ttilde;/umbra">dantur/umbra</expan> penitus contectas e&longs;&longs;e oportet: Quir. et huius gra <lb/>tia fimo illinire maxime bouillo ueteres architecti ob&longs;eruaiunt: <lb/>Id ea de re fieri Theophra&longs;tus di&longs;&longs;erebat/ quod circumoclu&longs;is egre&longs; <lb/>&longs;ibus/concreta pituita/in modicaque uaporum uis per medull<gap/>m <lb/>&longs;en&longs;im in&longs;tillet atque re&longs;piret/quo fit ut c&aelig;tera ligni &longs;iccitas &longs;icci <lb/>&longs;cendo coequalibus conden&longs;etur: Stantes item cacumine quod in <lb/>uer&longs;o commodius &longs;iccari arbitrantur: Tum &amp; contra uetu&longs;tatem <lb/>ac futuros morbos uaria adhibeant remedia: Theophra&longs;tus defo&longs; <lb/>&longs;am materiem multo den&longs;ari arbitratur. Cato iubet ce&longs;am materi <lb/>em amurca illiniri/quo a tinea et carie immunis &longs;it. Qu&aelig; aqui&longs; <lb/>et mari uitientur pice tutari in promptu e&longs;t: Referunt &amp; ligna <lb/>qu&aelig; macerata &longs;int/amurca nullo fumi tedio ardere. Ad labyrin <lb/>thum &aelig;gyptium po&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e trabes ex &longs;pina &aelig;gyptia incohatas o <lb/>leo &longs;cribit Plinius. Vi&longs;co inquit Theophra&longs;tus illitam materiem <lb/>non ardere. Neque hoc pretermittam: Extat apud Gellium ex <expan abbr="&atilde;na">anna</expan> <lb/>libus quinti Claudii turrim ligneam ad pyreum/quod eam arche <lb/>laus Mitridatis pr&aelig;fectus multo a lumine oblini&longs;&longs;et/ Sylla oppu <lb/>gnante minime ar&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: Sunt pr&aelig;terea qu&aelig; modis uariis den&longs;ent: <lb/>et contra tempe&longs;tatum iniurias corroborentur: Nam citream qui <lb/>dem materiem condiunt terra &amp; illiniunt c&aelig;ra: imponuntque acer <lb/>uis frumenti &longs;eptenis diebus/totidem intermi&longs;&longs;is: Quo fit ut cum <lb/>firmior: tum et ad opus commodior reddatur: Mirum enim <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> mo <lb/>dum ponderi detrahitur: hanc ip&longs;am etiam &longs;iccatam mari <expan abbr="duriti&etilde;">duritiem</expan> <lb/>acquirere affirmant &longs;pi&longs;&longs;am &amp; incorruptibilem. Ca&longs;taneam aqs <lb/>maris purga<gap/>i con&longs;tat. Ficum &aelig;gyptiam &longs;cribit Plinius &longs;tagno <lb/>in mergunt/ut &longs;iccetur atque leuigetur: nam ea quidem prius aqs <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;idit: No&longs;tros fabros tignarios uidemus aquis et luto &longs;ubmer <lb/>&longs;am/qua pr&aelig;&longs;ertim torno utuntur: materiem &longs;eruare dies <gap/>gin <lb/>ta quod maturius ex&longs;iccatam &amp; fieri ad omnes u&longs;us habiliore pu <lb/>tant: Sunt qui affirment materiem cuius euenire h<gap/>c/ut &longs;i dum <lb/>adhuc uiret/defodias in humido/&aelig;terna &longs;it. Sed &longs;iue defodias: &longs;i <lb/>ue illitam lucis ue conditam &longs;erues hac in &longs;ententia periti omnes <lb/>conueniunt: ut ni&longs;i po&longs;t trime&longs;tre tangi uetent:</s>
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<s>Den&longs;ari enim et quandam qua&longs;i maturitatem firmitatis imbui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet <expan abbr="priu&longs;&qtilde;">priu&longs;quae</expan> in opus producantur. Sic habitam iubet Cato exi <lb/>mi producique ad &longs;olem luna decre&longs;cente et po&longs;t meridiem / decre <lb/>&longs;centi&longs;que lun&aelig; ip&longs;ius quatuor proximos dies quibus plena fuerit / <lb/>improbat admonetque ne au&longs;tro flante educatur/ Et cum eduxeris <lb/>cauendum ne trahas per rorem: ne ue <expan abbr="rorul&etilde;tam">rorulentam</expan> aut gelidam aut <lb/>non u&longs;que quaque &longs;iccam doles aut perfindas &longs;erra. Materiem ui&longs;us <lb/>e&longs;t puta&longs;&longs;e Theophra&longs;tus non ante triennium bene ex&longs;iccatam fo <lb/>re ad a&longs;&longs;eres pr&aelig;&longs;ertim et ualuarum u&longs;um. Operi &aelig;dificiorum <lb/>commodi&longs;&longs;imas putant arbores has/Cerrum/Quercum/robora/ <lb/>e&longs;culum/populum/tilium/Salicem/Alnum/Fraxinum/Pinum <lb/>Cupre&longs;&longs;um/Olea&longs;trum/Oleam/Ca&longs;taneam/Laricem/Euxum: <lb/>et Cedrum: item &amp; Ebanum &amp; item Vitim. Sed his omnibus ua <lb/>ria e&longs;t natura: et perinde uariis u&longs;ibus commodand&aelig;. Nam ali&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ub diuo c&aelig;teris pr&aelig;&longs;tant: alie in umbra &longs;eruantur. ali&aelig; nitent ae <lb/>re: ali&aelig; dure&longs;cunt inter aquas &amp; defo&longs;&longs;e &aelig;terniores &longs;unt: lccirco <lb/>h&aelig; lamiis a&longs;&longs;eribus &longs;culturis inte&longs;tini&longs;que operibus / alter&aelig; tignis <lb/>et trabibus: reliqu&aelig; &longs;ubdiualibus <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tis">pauimentis</expan> <expan abbr="fer&etilde;dis">ferendis</expan> et <expan abbr="operim&etilde;tis">operimentis</expan> <lb/>habendis exi&longs;tunt firmiores &amp; pr&aelig;&longs;ertim Alnus fluuialibus et pa <lb/>lu&longs;tribus palationibus fundamentorum omnes exuperat: et humo <lb/>ris patienti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: Eadem in aere et &longs;olibus non durat. Contra <lb/>e&longs;culus impatiens e&longs;t humoris. Vlmus aere et in propatulo <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;a">den&longs;a</expan> <lb/>tur: alibi panditur et non per&longs;i&longs;tit. Picea &amp; item pinus &longs;i terra ob <lb/>ruantur &aelig;terna &longs;unt. At robur quidem quod &longs;pi&longs;&longs;a et neruo&longs;a &longs;it <lb/>et den&longs;a minuti&longs;que foraminibus predita humorem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> recipiens <lb/>terrenis quibu&longs;que &aelig;dificationibus per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> apti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: maximeque<lb/>po&longs;ita ut ferat pondera erit/tum quidem pro columna admodum <lb/>ualidi&longs;&longs;ima. Verum huic natura cum tantam immi&longs;erit duritiem <lb/>ut pterebrari nequeat ni&longs;i madefacta/tamen affirmant &longs;upra <expan abbr="terr&atilde;">terram</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e incon&longs;tantem et rituo&longs;am fieri et contorquere &longs;e &longs;e: <expan abbr="eandemque&etilde;t">eandemque<lb/>ent</expan> aqua marina facile <expan abbr="corr&utilde;pi">corrumpi</expan>. Id ole&aelig; et ilici et olea&longs;tri /qu&aelig; cete <lb/>ris in rebus <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> robore conueniunt non accidit ut aqs <expan abbr="c&otilde;maceren&ttilde;">commacerentur</expan>. <lb/>Quercus nullo &longs;enio <expan abbr="confici&ttilde;/qa">conficitur/qa</expan> <expan abbr="intim&utilde;">intimum</expan> &longs;ucco&longs;a <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> et prope uti ui <lb/>rens &longs;it: Fagum item et iuglandem aquis non u&longs;que <expan abbr="corr&utilde;pi">corrumpi</expan> &amp; <expan abbr="&imacr;ter">inter</expan> 
<pb/>principales qu&aelig; defodiantur <expan abbr="annumer&atilde;t">annumerant</expan>. Suber item ad u&longs;um co <lb/>lumnarum et pinus &longs;ilue&longs;tris &amp; morus &amp; acer &amp; ulmus non inuti <lb/>les &longs;unt. Trabeationibus et tignis aptam put<gap/>t Thcofra&longs;tus <expan abbr="nuc&etilde;">nucem</expan> <lb/>eaboicam: quod ea quidem ante&quml; rump. tur/&longs;onitu &longs;ignum det: <lb/>Exque eo factum olim ut ex b<gap/>lneo ap<gap/> Andrum qui incrant om <lb/>nes incolumes ab ruina tectorum &longs;ccuta effugerint. Sed omnium <lb/>op<gap/>ma abies: Nam cum proc<gap/>ritate &amp; amplitudine primaria &longs;it <lb/>tum rigore naturali contenta <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> facile oneribus pre&longs;&longs;antibus flec <lb/>titur: &longs;ed directa inuictaque permanet: A <gap/>de quod facilis e&longs;t et parie <lb/>tibus &longs;uo pondere non mole&longs;ta. Hu<gap/> uni plutim&aelig; a&longs;eribuntur <lb/>laudes: plures de &longs;e pr&aelig;&longs;<gap/>are utili<gap/>s aff<gap/> mant. Vnum tamen <lb/>illi e&longs;&longs;e uitium non n<gap/>gant: quod perf<gap/>cile ad &longs;e flammas admit <lb/>t<gap/>t: atque ignibus inf<gap/>n&longs;a &longs;it: Huic non po&longs;tponitur contignandis <lb/>edibus cupre&longs;&longs;us arbos alioqu<gap/>n eiu&longs;modi ut inter no&longs;tras arbores <lb/>primariam et pr&aelig;cipuam &longs;ibi laudem uendicet. Hanc ueteres in <lb/>ter clari&longs;&longs;imas computabant non ul<gap/>mam ab cedro atque ebano. <lb/>Cupre&longs;&longs;umque apud indos prope inter aromata uenerantur: et me <lb/>rito id quidem: Laudent qui uelint amoniam chiam &amp; <expan abbr="cirenaic&atilde;">cirenaicam</expan>: <lb/>quam e&longs;&longs;e &aelig;ternam pr&aelig;dicat Theophra&longs;tus: Vtrum/odore/nito <lb/>re. robore/magnitudine/rectitudine/perhennitate: His omnibus <lb/>in laudibus quam tu illi arborem comparabis: Cariem &amp; uetu&longs;ta <lb/>tem penitus nihil &longs;entire cupre&longs;&longs;um affirmant: et rimam &longs;ponte <lb/>haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> capere: Ea nimirum de re Plato legas publicas: atque<lb/>in&longs;tituta in &longs;acris ponendas cen&longs;ebat tabulis cupre&longs;&longs;inis/ quod &longs;u <lb/>turas forte &aelig;terniores putabat &qgrave; &aelig;re. Hic locus admonet ut refe <lb/>ram memoratu digna/qu&aelig; de cupre&longs;&longs;u ip&longs;a legerim &amp; uiderim: <lb/>Valuas cup re&longs;&longs;as in templo &aelig;phe&longs;i&aelig; Dian&aelig; annos dura&longs;&longs;e qua <lb/>dringentos te&longs;tantur: &amp; eas &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e nitorem: adeo ut nouas per <lb/>petuo diceres. Nos Rom&aelig; ad Petri ba&longs;ilicam uidimus/cum ab <lb/>Eugenio pontifice maximo ualue re&longs;tituerentur/ubi <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> ma <lb/>nus iniuriam rapiendo argento quo olim fuerant ue&longs;tit&aelig; / non in <lb/>tuli&longs;&longs;ent/&longs;olidas &amp; integerrimas annos plus quingentos quinqua <lb/>ginta perdura&longs;&longs;e: Nam &longs;i recte annales pontificium urbis Rom&aelig; <lb/>iaterpretamur / tot ab Adriani tertii Pontificis temporibus 
<pb/>qui eas po&longs;uit ad quartum Eugenium &longs;unt. Itaque contignationi <lb/>bu&longs; faciundis Abietem probant: &amp; cupre&longs;&longs;um una re forta&longs;&longs;is pre <lb/>ferunt qd &longs;it &aelig;ternior: Sed e&longs;t abiete grauior <expan abbr="prob&atilde;t">probant</expan> et <expan abbr="pin&utilde;">pinum</expan> et pice <lb/>am. Pinum enim abiete per&longs;imilem e&longs;&longs;e contra iniectum pondus <lb/>reniti putant: Sed inter pinum atque abietem cum c&aelig;tera tum hoc <lb/>intere&longs;t/ quod terebin&aelig; abies eo leditur minus quo e&longs;t pinus quidem <lb/>&longs;ucco <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> Abies dulciori. Ego nulli po&longs;tponenda<gap/> puto &longs;aricem <lb/>hanc equidem &longs;tructurarum <expan abbr="p&otilde;dera">pondera</expan> fir mi&longs;&longs;ime &amp; diuti&longs;&longs;ime &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tenta&longs;&longs;e cum alibi tum apud Venetias ex uetu&longs;tis fori operibus <lb/>annotauimus. Atqui eam quidem de &longs;e pr&aelig;&longs;tare utilitates cunc <lb/>tas/quas c&aelig;tere pr&aelig;&longs;tent arbores affirman<gap/>. Neruo&longs;a e&longs;t: uirium <lb/>tenax: in tempe&longs;tatibus firmi&longs;&longs;ima: aduer&longs;us cariem ille&longs;a. Ve <lb/>tus opinio hanc contra ignium iniurias <expan abbr="inuict&atilde;">inuictam</expan> &amp; prope ille&longs;am <lb/>per&longs;i&longs;tere/Quin &amp; obiciendos ex larice a&longs;&longs;es eo uer&longs;us unde igni <lb/>um aduentitium malum extime&longs;cas iubent: Sed nos eam uidi <lb/>mus incen&longs;am ardere/ramen ita ut fiammas d<gap/>dignari: ea&longs;que uel <lb/>le ab &longs;e di&longs;cutere uideatur. Vnum habere con&longs;tat uitium: nam a <lb/>quis marinis redditur teredini obnoxia. Inutiles <expan abbr="trabeatio&itilde;bus">trabeatioimbus</expan> fo <lb/>re pr&aelig;dicant robora &amp; oleam/quod grauia &longs;int: quod cedant pon <lb/>deri &amp; prope &longs;ponte &longs;ua deflectantur: tum &amp; qu&aelig; facilius <expan abbr="frang&utilde;">frangum</expan> <lb/>tur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> findantur ad i&longs;tos trabeationum u&longs;us utilia non &longs;unt/uti e&longs;t <lb/>olea &amp; ficus &amp; tilia et &longs;alicta et eiu&longs;modi. Mirum quod de pal <lb/>ma <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;euerant/c&otilde;tra">a&longs;&longs;euerant/contra</expan> &longs;uperimpo&longs;itum <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus">pondus</expan> reniti et in diuer&longs;um <lb/>curuari. Subdiualibus <expan abbr="trabeat&otilde;ibus">trabeatonibus</expan> et tecturis iuniperum omnibus <lb/>pr&aelig;ferunt: &amp; huic ait Plinius <expan abbr="eand&etilde;">eandem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="natur&atilde;">naturam</expan> atque cedro/Sed <lb/>&longs;olidiorem. Tum et oleam infinitam habere &aelig;ternitatem pr&aelig;di <lb/>cant: &amp; Buxum etiam inter primarias annumerant: Ca&longs;tancam <lb/>quidem tam et &longs;i pandat et torqueatur/non tamen inhis operibus <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;ub diuo e&longs;&longs;e oporteat/recu&longs;ant. Probant &amp; in primis olea <lb/>&longs;trum ea maxime re qua &amp; Cupre&longs;&longs;um quod cariem non &longs;entiat: <lb/>quo in numero &longs;unt arbores/quibus in&longs;itus &amp; in&longs;u&longs;us unctuo&longs;us <lb/>&amp; gummo&longs;us &longs;uccus e&longs;t pr&aelig;&longs;ertim amar: us Eiu&longs;modi enim Ver <lb/>mem negan<gap/> admittere et aduertitias humiditates excludere in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t. Contrariam his putant materiem omnem: 
<pb/>qu&aelig; dulci &longs;it &longs;ucco pr&aelig;dita: &amp; qu&aelig; facile incendatur. Ab his ta <lb/>men excipiunt oleam et olea&longs;trum. Cerrum aut et fagum natura <lb/>imbecillem e&longs;&longs;e contra tempe&longs;tatem &amp; non peruenire ad uenu&longs;ta <lb/>tem affirmat Vitruuius. Plinius quercum item celeriter ait mar <lb/>ce&longs;cere. Ad reliqua uero inte&longs;tina opera <expan abbr="naluarum/lectorum/m&etilde;">naluarum/lectorum/men</expan> <lb/>&longs;arum &longs;ub&longs;elliorum et eiu&longs;modi abies egregia e&longs;t: pr&aelig;&longs;ertim qu&aelig; <lb/>ad alpim Itali&aelig; montem excre&longs;cat. Nam h&aelig;c arbos natura e&longs;t &longs;ic <lb/>ci&longs;&longs;ima et glutinum per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> tenaci&longs;&longs;ima: E&longs;t &amp; picea et cupre&longs;&longs;us <lb/>his rebus percommoda. Fagum fore alioquin fragilem pr&aelig;dicant <lb/>Sed cap&longs;is lecti&longs;que utilem: &amp; in tenui&longs;&longs;imas &longs;ecari lamina<gap/>: &longs;eca <lb/>ri quoque et ilicem aiunt belli&longs;&longs;ime: Inutiles et a&longs;&longs;eres habend&aelig; <lb/>&longs;unt iuglans/quod facile frangatur/ulmus fraxinu&longs;que: Nam h&aelig; <expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> <lb/>et &longs;i lente/facile tamen panduntur. Verum <expan abbr="obedienti&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">obedienti&longs;&longs;imam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>omnium in opere affirmant fraxinum. Sed nucem demiror non <lb/>multo e&longs;&longs;e in antiquorum monitis celebratiorem/ quando ea qui <lb/>dem ut uidere licet/cum ad c&aelig;teros plero&longs;que u&longs;us/tum maxime <lb/>a&longs;&longs;eritiis operibus admodum habilis et pertractabilis e&longs;t. <expan abbr="Mor&utilde;">Morum</expan> <lb/>laudant cum ob eius &aelig;ternitatem/tum quod nigre&longs;cat uetu&longs;tate <expan abbr="&imacr;dies">indies</expan> <lb/>et fiat gratior. Valuas memorat Theophra&longs;tus con&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e diui <lb/>tes ponere ex loto ilice buxo ue. Vlmum qu&aelig; rigorem firmi&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me a&longs;&longs;eruet: ideo portarum cardinibus utilem ducunt: Sed permu <lb/>tari iubent oportere ut &longs;it radix &longs;uperior inuer&longs;o cacumine: Cato <lb/>uectes aquifolios laureo&longs; atque ulmeos fieri iubet: Clauiculis cor <lb/>num comprobant: Gradus ad &longs;calas orno atque acere ponebant: Pi <lb/>nus: Picea: Vlmus ad aquarum ductus intercauabantur: &longs;ed ha&longs; <lb/>ce ni&longs;i terra contegas oci&longs;&longs;ime &longs;ene&longs;cere a&longs;&longs;euerant. C&aelig;terum or <lb/>nandis &aelig;dibus laricem feminam qu&aelig; colore &longs;imilis e&longs;t melli com <lb/>pertum habent in tabellis pictorum e&longs;&longs;e immortalem: &amp; nullis <lb/>riuis fixilem palmaque ei nerui non in&longs;int tractim: &longs;ed c&aelig;&longs;im. Id <lb/>circo ad &longs;imulacra deorum efficienda utebantur. Tum &amp; uteban <lb/>tur Lotho ac Buxo &amp; Cedro: &amp; item Cupre&longs;&longs;o: et cra&longs;&longs;iore olea <lb/>rum radice/&aelig;gyptiaque per&longs;ica: quam e&longs;&longs;e lotho &longs;imilem referunt <lb/>Torno autem &longs;iquid terete reddidi&longs;&longs;e opus erat Fago/Moro/Te <lb/>rebinto: &amp; inprimi&longs; Buxo omnium &longs;pi&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima: 
<pb/>&amp; egregie tornatili: &amp; ebano omnium gracillima utobantur. <lb/>Neque &longs;ignis &amp; tabulis efficiundis a&longs;pernabantur populum albam <lb/>&amp; item nigram: &amp; &longs;alicem &amp; carpinum et &longs;orbum/&longs;ambucum et <lb/>ficum: Qu&aelig; arbores cum &longs;iccitate et &aelig;quabilitate ad excipienda <lb/>&longs;eruandaque pictorum glutiniamenta et illiniamenta utiles &longs;unt: <lb/>Tum ad formas exprimendas ductibile&longs; quidem atque admodum <lb/>faciles: Verum inter ha&longs;ce omnium molli&longs;&longs;imam &aelig;xtare tili <lb/>am in promptu e&longs;t: Sunt qui ad &longs;igna conficienda iuiubam com <lb/>probant: His contraria e&longs;t robur: quando quidem inter &longs;e et cum <lb/>aliis omnibus eiu&longs;modi materiis in&longs;ociabilis omnino: et omnis <lb/>glutini&longs; a&longs;pernatrix &longs;it. Idem uitium e&longs;&longs;e omnibus lactumo&longs;is et <lb/>cri&longs;pis aiunt/ut omne genus glutinamenti abdicent. Ra&longs;ile <expan abbr="itid&etilde;">itidem</expan> <lb/>atque den&longs;um quodque lignum &aelig;gre coheret glutino: Qu&aelig; item di <lb/>uer&longs;a &longs;unt natura uti e&longs;t Hedera/Laurus/Tiliaque / quod calid&aelig; <lb/>&longs;int/cum his qu&aelig; humectis locis na&longs;cuntur: quod eiu&longs;modi om <lb/>nes frigid&aelig; natura &longs;int / diu glutino non coh&aelig;rent. Vlmus / <lb/>Fraxinus/Morus/ Cera&longs;u&longs;que / quod &longs;icc&aelig; &longs;int cum platano et al <lb/>no / qu&aelig; madid&aelig; natura &longs;unt /non conueniunt. Quin &amp; tan <lb/>tum affuit apud maiores / ut natura inter &longs;e non congruentia: <lb/>&amp; contraria glutino connetterent: Vt etiam &longs;imul non iugata: <lb/>Sed h&aelig;rentia uetuerint coagmentari. Hincillud Vitruuii quod <lb/>e&longs;culeos quidem axes admonet querquinis non iungendos. Ve <lb/>rum ut de his omnibus &longs;ummatim referam: Apud omnes aucto <lb/>res con&longs;tat <expan abbr="inf&aelig;c&utilde;das">inf&aelig;cundas</expan> arbores firmiores e&longs;&longs;e fertilibus: Silue&longs;tres <lb/>&amp; manu ferroque non cultas duriores e&longs;&longs;e dome&longs;ticis: Nam &longs;ilue <lb/>&longs;tres quidem in morbos incidere/quibus interimant negat Theo <lb/>phra&longs;tus: Dome&longs;ticas uero: &amp; maxime qu&aelig; fructus ferant graui&longs; <lb/>&longs;imis e&longs;&longs;e obnoxias morbis <expan abbr="pr&aelig;dic&atilde;t">pr&aelig;dicant</expan>: Et inter feraces pr&aelig;coques <lb/>&longs;erotinis/ &amp; dulces acutis e&longs;&longs;e imbecilliores &longs;tatuunt: Et inter a <lb/>cutas atque a&longs;peras &longs;olidiores putant eas/qu&aelig; fructus acerbiores ra <lb/>riore&longs;que edant: Qu&aelig; alternis annis promunt: &amp; qu&aelig; penitus &longs;te <lb/>riles &longs;int/feracibus nodo&longs;iores &longs;unt: Et i&longs;tarum quo qu&aelig;que breui <lb/>or/eo difficilior. Et &longs;teriles magis cre&longs;cunt quam fertiles.</s>
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<s>Addunt &amp; eas qu&aelig; in propatulo &amp; nulli&longs; neque montibu&longs; tect&aelig; 
<pb/>neque &longs;ylui&longs;: &longs;ed crebri&longs; uenti&longs; &amp; tempe&longs;tatibu&longs; agitate creuerint/ <lb/>firmiores illas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cra&longs;&longs;iore&longs;que e&longs;&longs;e: &longs;ed breuiores <expan abbr="nodo&longs;iore&longs;que&qtilde;">nodo&longs;iore&longs;que<lb/>quae</expan> qu&aelig; in conualle &amp; loco a uenus tuto excreuerint. Tum &amp; arbo <lb/>res ort&aelig; in locis humidis atque opacis molliores putant: &quml; qu&aelig; in <lb/>apricis atque &longs;iccis coaluerint. Et qu&aelig; ad boream na&longs;can. ur aptio <lb/>res e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qu&aelig; a borea ad hau&longs;trum declinent. Et qu&aelig; locis a &longs;ua <lb/>natura &longs;int alienis nat&aelig; non &longs;ecus atque abortiuas re&longs;puunt. Et me <lb/>ridianas quidem pr&aelig; duras fore: &longs;ed medullis contor queri &amp; mi <lb/>nus coequabiles pr&aelig;&longs;tare &longs;e ad opus exequendum: Praterea ari <lb/>das natura atque adcre&longs;cendum tardas robu&longs;tiores e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qu&aelig; laxe <lb/>&amp; fecund&aelig; &longs;int. Nam quod in his femineam/ in his uero alteris <lb/>ma&longs;culinam e&longs;&longs;e naturam putabat Varro: &amp; candida qu&aelig;que li <lb/>gna minus e&longs;&longs;e den&longs;a &amp; magis <expan abbr="tractabilia/&qtilde;">tractabilia/quae</expan> quibus color quiuis <lb/>in&longs;ufus &longs;it. Et pondero&longs;a quidem omnis materia &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior duriorque<lb/>&longs;eui e&longs;t. Et quo qu&aelig;que leuior/eo e&longs;t fragilior: &amp; quo cri&longs;pior/eo <lb/>a&longs;tructior. Tum quibus natura dederit/ut diutius in uita uige <lb/>ant/dedi&longs;&longs;e etiam ut ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;&aelig; tardius corrumpantur. Omni <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/>in ligno/quo minus medull&aelig; ine&longs;t / eo natura illi acrior et robu <lb/>&longs;tior e&longs;t: qu&aelig; partes ad medullam proximiores &longs;unt / duriores <lb/>h&aelig; quidem c&aelig;teris/ac den&longs;iores &longs;unt. qu&aelig; cortici propinquiore&longs; <lb/>&longs;unt neruo tenaciore &longs;unt. Et enim in arboribus ueluti in <lb/>animante pro cute e&longs;&longs;e &longs;tatuunt extremum corticem: pro carne <lb/>id quod ad cutem &longs;ube&longs;t: pro o&longs;&longs;e id quod ad medullam circum <lb/>obuoluitur: &amp; nodos in plantis per &longs;imiles e&longs;&longs;e neruis putabat <lb/>Ari&longs;toteles. Ligni partem omnium pe&longs;&longs;imam alburnum depu <lb/>tant/cum alias ob res/tum quod teredinibus infen&longs;a &longs;it. Adde his <lb/>quod partes materi&aelig;/qu&aelig; dum &longs;taret arbor ad &longs;olem meridiem ur <lb/>gebatur/aridiores erunt c&aelig;teris et gracidiores <expan abbr="tenuiore&longs;que/tam&etilde;">tenuiore&longs;que/tamen</expan> <lb/>den&longs;iores: habebuntque medullam i&longs;ta exparte cortici uiciniorem. <lb/>Et qu&aelig; item partes telluri et radicibus fuere finitim&aelig;/ &longs;tabunt il <lb/>le quidem c&aelig;teris grauiores huius &longs;ignum quod aquis &aelig;gre adna <lb/>tabunt: et arboris cuiu&longs;que pars media cri&longs;pior: &amp; macul&aelig; uti <lb/>cunque &longs;int/quo radicibus adiunctiore&longs; eo amfractiore&longs; intima&longs; ta <lb/>men qua&longs;que pte&longs; &longs;upnatibu&longs; con&longs;tantiore&longs; et <expan abbr="c&etilde;modiore&longs;">cemmodiore&longs;</expan> ducunt.</s>
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<s>Verum in arborum generibus comperio aliquas de quibus opti <lb/>mi &longs;criptores longe miranda referant: Nam uitem quidem &longs;eculo <lb/>rum eternitatem &longs;uperare affirmant. Iouis &longs;imulacrum factum ex <lb/>uite in urbe Populonia ad Ce&longs;aris tempora con&longs;piciebatur &longs;eculis <lb/>permultis incorruptum. Neque ulli e&longs;&longs;e ligno naturam penitus &aelig; <lb/>terniorem omnes pr&aelig;dicant. In Arriana indorum regione haberi <lb/>uites tam cra&longs;&longs;as ait Strabo/ut eius truncum homines uix ample <lb/>xentur bini. Apud Vticam tectum ex cedro &longs;teti&longs;&longs;e annos mille <lb/>ducentos otto &amp; &longs;eptuaginta tradidere. In Hi&longs;pania templo Dia <lb/>n&aelig; trabes ex iunipero ab anno ducente&longs;imo ante excidium Troi&aelig; <lb/>u&longs;que ad Hanibalem dura&longs;&longs;e te&longs;tantur. Atqui cedro quidem mira <lb/>e&longs;t natura: &longs;i uti ferunt una h&aelig;c arbos clauum non tenet. In monti <lb/>bus qui ad Benacum &longs;unt abieti genus riget: quo &longs;i feceris uas/ni <lb/>prius oleo perunxeris non continebit uinum. Hactenus de arbori <lb/>bus. Parandus e&longs;t etiam lapis qui pro muris habendus &longs;it: is e <lb/>rit duplex: alius qui cementis coaptandis deuinciendi&longs;que: Alius <lb/>qui &longs;tructur&aelig; conueniat. De eo qui ad &longs;tructuram prius: Sed mul <lb/>ta cum breuitatis cau&longs;a/ tum quod nimium trita &longs;unt pr&aelig;termittam <lb/>Neque i&longs;thic in&longs;i&longs;tam ut phy&longs;ica illa de lapidum primordiis atque <lb/>origine di&longs;putem: ex aqu&aelig; ne ac terr&aelig; commixtionibus ui&longs;co&longs;a il <lb/>la principia in limum prius: &longs;ubinde in lapidem duruerint: frigo <lb/>ris ne an quod degemmis a&longs;&longs;erunt/caloris ui &longs;oli&longs;que radio den&longs;a <lb/>ta concreuerint/an potius ut rerum aliarum/&longs;ic &amp; lapidum <expan abbr="itid&etilde;">itidem</expan> <lb/>&longs;int a rerum natura indita telluri <expan abbr="&longs;em&itilde;a">&longs;emina</expan>: Colores ne lapidibus ex <lb/>rata terrenorum corpu&longs;culorum cum liquenti aqua confu&longs;ione in <lb/>&longs;int: An ex innata &longs;eminis ip&longs;ius ui: An ex concepta radii impre&longs; <lb/>&longs;ione ad&longs;int. Itaque i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia tam &amp; &longs;i forta&longs;&longs;is aliquid fa <lb/>cerent ad rem exornandam: ea tamen pr&aelig;termittam: remque <expan abbr="ip&atilde;m">ipamm</expan> <lb/>&aelig;dificatoriam qua&longs;i inter fabros u&longs;u &amp; arte probatos tractans libe <lb/>rius &amp; &longs;olutius <expan abbr="pro&longs;equar/&qtilde;">pro&longs;equar/quae</expan> exacti&longs;&longs;ime philo&longs;ophantes forta&longs;&longs;is <lb/>po&longs;tulant. Cato lapidem inquit &aelig;&longs;tate eximito: &longs;ub diuo habeto: <lb/>Ante biennium in opus ne ponito: &aelig;&longs;tate quidem / quo uentis &amp; <lb/>gelicidiis &amp; imbribus/reliquisue temporum iniuriis in&longs;ueti lapi <lb/>des &longs;en&longs;im a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cant: Nam lapidem quidem nuper ex fodina hu 
<pb/>more natiuo &amp; &longs;ucco pregnantem/&longs;i uentorum acerbitati &amp; &longs;ubi <lb/>tis gelicidiis obieceris/findetur atque &longs;oluetur. Sub diuo quo q&longs;que<lb/>lapis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;it ualidus: &amp; contra res aduer&longs;as &amp; lace&longs;centes con&longs;tans <lb/>Primo i&longs;tiu&longs;modi qua&longs;i pr&aelig;ludio futuri cum temporis &aelig;ternita <lb/>te certaminis comprobetur. Non ante biennium quo imbecilles <lb/>natura &amp; qui uitium in opere facturi erant non te lateat &amp; a fir <lb/>mioribus &longs;eparentur: Et enim quocunque in genere lapides inueni <lb/>ri certum e&longs;t inter &longs;e uarios: ita ut alii &longs;ub aere dure&longs;cant: alii pru <lb/>inis a&longs;per&longs;i rubiginem trahant atque di&longs;&longs;oluantur &amp; huiu&longs;modi.</s>
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<s>Verum hi quales pro locorum uarietate &amp; natura &longs;int/u&longs;u et ex <lb/>perientia pulcherrime innote&longs;cunt: Vt iam <expan abbr="exueter&utilde;">exueterum</expan> &aelig;dificiis cu <lb/>iu&longs;que lapidis uim et uirtutem didici&longs;&longs;e plenius po&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> exphilo&longs;o <lb/>phantium &longs;criptis et monumentis. Tamen de toto lapidum gene <lb/>re ut &longs;ummatim loquar/&longs;ic licebit &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e. albus qui&longs;que lapis <lb/>facilior fu&longs;co <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: Tralucidus opaco ductibilior: Et quo qui&longs;que ma <lb/>gis imitabitur &longs;alem/eo erit intractabilior. Harena in&longs;per&longs;us la <lb/>pis collu&longs;tranti a&longs;per e&longs;t. Aure&aelig; &longs;i intermicabunt &longs;cintille/contu <lb/>max. Nigrantes &longs;i ut ita loquar &longs;catent puncti/indomitus. Qui <lb/>guttis e&longs;tangularibus a&longs;per&longs;us/is erit firmior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qui glubo&longs;is: &amp; <lb/>gutt&aelig; quo erunt minores/eo erit lapis tollerantior: Et quo cuique<lb/>color purgatior atque limpidior/eo &aelig;ternior: Et lapidi quo uenarum<lb/>aderit minus/co integrior: Et quo uena ip&longs;a contiguo lapidi colo <lb/>re congruentior/eo &aelig;quabilior: et quo tenuior/eo moro&longs;ior: &amp; <lb/>quo amfractior et uolutior/eo au&longs;terior: et quo internodo&longs;ior/eo <lb/>acerbior. Venarum ea e&longs;t apprime fixilis qu&aelig; &longs;ui medio lineam <lb/>habuerit ductam rubrica/aut ocrea putrenti proxima ad has erit <lb/>qu&aelig; diluto et albe&longs;cente herbaceo colore &longs;par&longs;im fu&longs;cabitur: Om <lb/>nium difficillima qu&aelig; glaciem pr&aelig;&longs;ertim <expan abbr="cerule&atilde;">ceruleam</expan> <expan abbr="imite&ttilde;">imitetur</expan>. Vena <lb/>rum numerum di&longs;&longs;idio&longs;um et incon&longs;tantem <expan abbr="indic&atilde;t">indicant</expan>: et quo directio <lb/>res/eo infideliores. Lapis quo di&longs;&longs;ractis glebulis aciem <expan abbr="acutior&etilde;">acutiorem</expan> <lb/>et ter&longs;iorem dederit/eo erit concretior: Et lapis cum defringitur <lb/>cute qui minus extabit a&longs;pera/is erit abilior &longs;cabro: Sed &longs;cabri ip <lb/>&longs;i quo erunt candidiores/eo minus erunt ob&longs;equentes. Et contra <lb/>fu&longs;cus qui&longs;que lapis ubi erit luna minutiore / illic magis ferri <expan abbr="aci&etilde;">aciem</expan> 
<pb/>a&longs;pernabitur/ignobilis qui&longs;que lapis quo fi&longs;tulo&longs;ior eo durior: Et <lb/>qui aqua a&longs;per&longs;us &longs;ummotenus tardius are&longs;cet/is erit crudior: Et <lb/>grauis qui&longs;que lapis &longs;olidior &amp; expobilior leui: et leuis qui&longs;que fria <lb/>bilior graui: et re&longs;onans dum ferias lapis den&longs;ior e&longs;t &longs;urdo: et qui <lb/>duriter per&longs;ricatus olebit &longs;ulphur/acrior e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qui nihil referat o <lb/>lidi: et quo denique ad &longs;calprum contumacior / eo contra lace&longs;&longs;en <lb/>tes tempe&longs;tates rigidior et con&longs;tantior. Ad fauces fodin&aelig; qui tem <lb/>pe&longs;tatibus per&longs;tructus glebis &longs;e &longs;e grandioribus a&longs;&longs;eruarit / hunc <lb/>firmiorem ducunt. Omnis item lapis ferme cum defoditur mol <lb/>lior e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cum &longs;ub diuo e&longs;t habitus: et humore a&longs;per&longs;us: atque infu <lb/>&longs;us lapis tractabilior ferro <expan abbr="e&longs;t/&qtilde;">e&longs;t/quae</expan> <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> exaruerit: Et &longs;uo qui&longs;que lapis <lb/>quo humectiore fodin&aelig; loco exemptus &longs;it/eo cum aruerit erit <expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> <lb/>&longs;ior: et hau&longs;tro flante credunt dolabiriores e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> flante borea: et <lb/>borea urgente facilius findi <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> hau&longs;tro. Verum lapides ip&longs;i qua <lb/>les futuri per &aelig;tatem &longs;int/&longs;iquid libeat ocius periculum facere/in <lb/>ditia patebunt hinc. Nam qui aqua commadefactus per <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> <lb/>ponderi adiecerit/erit is quidem humido di&longs;&longs;olubilis. Qui uero <lb/>igne et flammis pertactus frace&longs;cet: &longs;ub &longs;ole &aelig;&longs;tuque non pdurabit: <lb/>Neque hic pr&aelig;termittenda cen&longs;eo digna memoratu qu&aelig;dam: qu&aelig; <lb/>de non nullis lapidibus ueteres meminere. Nam erit quidem non <lb/>ab re intellexi&longs;&longs;e quantum habeant in &longs;e et uarietatis et admirati <lb/>onis/quo qu&aelig;que aptis u&longs;ibus decentius accomodentur. Circa uol <lb/>&longs;inen&longs;em et in &longs;tratonen&longs;i agro e&longs;&longs;e lapidem pr&aelig;dicant omnibus <lb/>&aelig;di&longs;iciorum u&longs;ibus accommodati&longs;&longs;imum: cui neque ignis: neque ul <lb/>la tempe&longs;tatum uis noceat: Eundemque e&longs;&longs;e contra tempe&longs;tatem pe <lb/>nitus &aelig;ternum atque incorruptibilem: et &longs;imulacrorum <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;ta">lineamenta</expan> <lb/>qui diuti&longs;&longs;ime a&longs;&longs;eruet. Cum ex <expan abbr="inc&etilde;diis">incendiis</expan> urbem re&longs;titueret Nero <lb/>&longs;cribit tacitus &longs;axo gabino et albano u&longs;um pro trabibus / quod is la <lb/>pis ignibus imperuius &longs;it: Apud Liguriam et apud Venetias / in <lb/>umbria piceno apudque Belgas &longs;uppeditat albus lapis: quem &longs;erra <lb/>re<gap/>dentata &longs;erra et dolare po&longs;&longs;is perfacile: Et ni alioquin natura e&longs; <lb/>&longs;et inualidus et imbecillis/omnium egre&longs;&longs;us foret in operibus: <lb/>Sed pruina et gelu et a&longs;perugine rumpitur: et contra auras maris <lb/>minime e&longs;t robu&longs;tus. Habet hi&longs;tria lapidem marmori non di&longs;&longs;i 
<pb/>milem: Sed his uapore et flammis pertactus illico finditur et di&longs; <lb/>&longs;ilit: quam ip&longs;am rem euenire <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;cuer&atilde;t">a&longs;&longs;cuerant</expan> cuique lapidi qui fortis &longs;it: <lb/>pre&longs;ertim albo &longs;ilici et item nigro ut igni&longs; ne <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicquae</expan> perferat. In <lb/>Campania lapis e&longs;t fu&longs;co cineri &longs;imillimus: cui etiam mixtos pu <lb/>tes et interiectos e&longs;&longs;e carbones: is quidem &longs;upra <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> po&longs;&longs;is exi&longs;tima <lb/>re pondere leuis e&longs;t &amp; ferro do<gap/>abilis et pror&longs;us tenax/et item con <lb/>&longs;tans: et contra ignes et contra tempe&longs;tates <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> inualidus: &longs;ed ad<gap/>o <lb/>arens &amp; &longs;itiens/ut calcis humores confe&longs;tim ab&longs;orbeat et urct: <lb/>Exhau&longs;taque et uanida pulueris in&longs;tar relinquet illimenta: Hinc <lb/>breui di&longs;&longs;olutis compaginibus labe&longs;cit opus ultro atque corruit. <lb/>At lapidi huic natura <expan abbr="c&otilde;trarius">contrarius</expan> e&longs;t globo&longs;us lapis/ pr&aelig;&longs;ertim qui <lb/>&longs;it fiuuiatilis: nam &longs;emper madens cementis non coheret. Quid il <lb/>lud quod in marmorariis lapidicinis compertum <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> marmora <lb/>excre&longs;cere. Rom&aelig; per h&aelig;c tempora inuenta &longs;ub tellure &longs;unt fi&longs;tu <lb/>lo&longs;i lapidis tyburtini minutalia unum in &longs;olidum lapidem tempo <lb/>ris terr&aelig;que ut ita loquar fomento concreui&longs;&longs;e. Ex lacu Reatino ui <lb/>debis quo loci per abruptum illud pra cipitium aqua redundans <lb/>in Nar fluentem corruit rip&aelig; &longs;upremum labrum in dies <expan abbr="c&otilde;creui&longs;">concreui&longs;</expan> <lb/>&longs;e: ut argumentum hinc non nulli &longs;ump&longs;erint ex i&longs;tiu&longs;modi addi <lb/>mento lapidi&longs;que incremento conualle ip&longs;a faucibus ab&longs;tru&longs;a effec <lb/>tam lacum. Sub agro Lucano non longe a Silari fluuio qua par <lb/>te ad orientem uer&longs;us ex altis rupibus aqu&aelig; &longs;tillante&longs; defluunt <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>cre&longs;cere in die&longs; uidebi&longs; grandia pendentium lapidum glaceonia/ <lb/>admagnitudinem ut &longs;int corum quodque onu&longs; carrorum per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> plu <lb/>rimorum. I&longs; lapi&longs; recen&longs; &amp; materno &longs;ucco maden&longs; admodum te <lb/>ner e&longs;t: Vbi uero aruerit/fit duri&longs;&longs;imu&longs;: et ad omne&longs; u&longs;u&longs; accom <lb/>modati&longs;&longs;imu&longs;. Id ip&longs;um euenire ex non nulli&longs; ueteribu&longs; aqu&aelig;duc <lb/>tibu&longs; &longs;pectaui: ut formarum latera concreta quadam gummatione <lb/>lapidi&longs; concru&longs;tetur. In Gallia duo &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e hac &aelig;tate licebit di <lb/>gna memoratu: <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> extat quidem agro Corneliano per alta tor <lb/>renti&longs; ripa: ex qua grande&longs; &amp; plurimi globo&longs;i lapide&longs; terr&aelig; ui&longs;ce <lb/>ribu&longs; intimi&longs; concepti pa&longs;&longs;im indie&longs; crebri&longs; loci&longs; parturiuntur. <lb/>In agro Fauentino propter lamoni&longs; fluenti ripam ad&longs;unt natura pro<lb/>ten&longs;i ua&longs;ti lapide&longs;: qui non modicam indie&longs; uim &longs;ali&longs; uomant: 
<pb/>&longs;patioque lapide&longs;cere arbitrentur. In agro florentino &aelig;trurie apud <lb/>Clatim amnem fundus e&longs;t inquo alternis &longs;epteniis pr&aelig;dura qbus <lb/>abunde con&longs;per&longs;us &longs;it/&longs;axa in glebas redeunt. Apud ci&longs;icenos &amp; <lb/>item circa Ca&longs;&longs;andream uerti glebo&longs;am terram in &longs;axa refert Pli <lb/>nius. Inputeolano puluis &longs;uppeditat qui aqua maris dure&longs;cit et fit <lb/>lapis. Toto etiam littore ab oropo u&longs;que Aulidem quicquid mari <lb/>abluatur lapidem fieri &amp; concretum reddi referunt. In Arabia eti <lb/>am glebas ait Diodorus effo&longs;&longs;a terra &longs;uaue olentes: qu&aelig; quidem <lb/>ueluti metalla fu&longs;e igni in lapidem uertantur: Addit et ho&longs;ce de <lb/>mum lapides eiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e/ut cum in eos gutt&aelig; aqu&aelig; pluui&aelig; ce <lb/>ciderint/iuncturis collique&longs;centibus toto fiant in muro lapis uni <lb/>tus. Sarcophagum quoque lapidem apud Troadem a&longs;i&aelig; defodi fe <lb/>runt/qui fixili uena coniungatur: In hunc lapidem defunctorum <lb/>commi&longs;&longs;a corpora ante diem quadrage&longs;imum tota pr&aelig;ter dentes <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ummi a&longs;&longs;erunt: et quod magis mireris/ue&longs;tem calciamentaque<lb/>et eiu&longs;modi una cum corporibus illata uerti in lapidem <expan abbr="pr&aelig;dic&atilde;t">pr&aelig;dicant</expan> <lb/>Contrarius huic e&longs;t comites lapis/quo Darium <expan abbr="c&otilde;didi&longs;&longs;e">condidi&longs;&longs;e</expan> <expan abbr="refer&utilde;t">referunt</expan> <lb/>Is enim corpora pr&aelig;&longs;eruat integerrima. Sed de his hactenus.</s>
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<s>Atqui <expan abbr="con&longs;t&atilde;t">con&longs;tant</expan> quidem lapidis loco ueteres perlubenter u&longs;os lateri <lb/>bus: credo equidem inopia rerum et nece&longs;&longs;itate ductos homines <lb/>primum u&longs;urpa&longs;&longs;e/ut lateritia ponerent &aelig;dificia: quod <expan abbr="po&longs;tea&qtilde;">po&longs;teaquae</expan> a <lb/>nimaduer&longs;um e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id &longs;tructur&aelig; genus opera facile/ad u&longs;um com <lb/>modum/ad gratiam aptum/ad perennitatem firmum con&longs;tan&longs;que<lb/>exi&longs;teret: pro&longs;ecuti &longs;unt cum c&aelig;tera tum et regias &aelig;des &longs;truere la <lb/>teritias. Demum <expan abbr="po&longs;tea&qtilde;">po&longs;teaquae</expan> &longs;eu ca&longs;u/&longs;eu indu&longs;tria percepere quid i <lb/>gnis ad firmandos den&longs;ando&longs;que lateres ualeret/ te&longs;taceo pa&longs;&longs;im o <lb/>pere omnia attollere per&longs;euerarunt: Et <expan abbr="&qtilde;t&utilde;">quatum</expan> ex uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;true <lb/>turis annotaui: hoc profecto au&longs;im dicere/nihil ad omnis quos ue <lb/>lis &aelig;dificationum u&longs;us inueniri commodius latere non crudo/ue <lb/>rum cocto: ubi coquendi &amp; ducendi ratio diligens adhibeatur. <lb/>Sed de lateritii operis laude alias. Ad rem fit quod <expan abbr="ai&utilde;t">aiunt</expan> lateri du <lb/>cendo terram probari eam/qu&aelig; &longs;it albicans et creto&longs;a: Item proba <lb/>ri quoque rubico&longs;am et eam qu&aelig; ma&longs;culus <expan abbr="dici&ttilde;">dicitur</expan> &longs;abulo. <expan abbr="Hareno&longs;&atilde;">Hareno&longs;am</expan> <lb/>uero et penitus &longs;abulo&longs;am uitandam et in primis calculo&longs;am <expan abbr="o&itilde;o">oino</expan> 
<pb/>abigendam &longs;tatuunt: quod huiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="intercoqu&etilde;dum">intercoquendum</expan> di&longs;torque <lb/>antur et perfindantur/tum excocte &longs;ponte &longs;ua <expan abbr="atterr&atilde;tur">atterrantur</expan>. Late. es <lb/>non &longs;tatim effo&longs;&longs;a terra ducendos putant: &longs;ed fodi terram autum <lb/>no iubent/commacerari totam per hyemem &amp; uere primo duci. <lb/>Nam &longs;i ducas bruma/inpromptu e&longs;t rumo&longs;as fieri gelatu: &longs;in <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> <lb/>&longs;ol&longs;titio/acri &aelig;&longs;tu <expan abbr="find&etilde;tur">findentur</expan> &longs;ummotenus &longs;icci&longs;cendo. quod &longs;i cogat <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;ita&longs; ut perhybernos algores fingas lateres: operito illico &longs;ic <lb/>ci&longs;&longs;ima harena: Sin per &aelig;&longs;tatem feruentem/humectis paleis: nam <lb/>&longs;ic habiti non finduntur neque contorquentur. Sunt qui lateres ui <lb/>tro habere illitos uelint. Id &longs;i iuuabit/cura&longs;&longs;e oportet ne <expan abbr="duc&atilde;">ducam</expan><gap/>ur <lb/>ex &longs;abulo&longs;a aut nimium macra arentique terra/ nam uitrum ab&longs;or <lb/>berent. Verum ducendi &longs;unt ex albicanti et creto&longs;a et lenta: <expan abbr="hab&etilde;">habem</expan> <lb/>dique &longs;unt tenues/nam cra&longs;&longs;iores qui forte &longs;int &aelig;gre percoquuntur <lb/>et fixura immunes non euadunt. quod &longs;i cra&longs;&longs;iores facere oportebit <lb/>incommodo prouidebitur multa ex parte ubi medias per cra&longs;&longs;itu <lb/>dines uno &amp; item alteris locis &longs;tilo perforabuntut/ quo et &longs;iccari <lb/>et excoqui commodiu&longs; <expan abbr="uale&atilde;t">ualeant</expan> &longs;udore uaporeque per i&longs;tas ip&longs;as qua <lb/>&longs;i &aelig;&longs;tuationes a&longs;pirante. Figuli fictilibus &longs;uperillini<gap/>nt cretam al <lb/>bariam/qua fiat ut uitrum patinis cquabil<gap/>&longs;ime allique&longs;cat incu <lb/>tim: Id etiam operi lateritio conferet. Aduerti ex ueterum &aelig;difi <lb/>ciis inlateribus mixtam e&longs;&longs;e partem non nullam haren&aelig; <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;ert&itilde;">pr&aelig;&longs;ertim</expan> <lb/>rubr&aelig;: et rubricam et marmor immi&longs;cere a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e inuenio. Exp <lb/>ti &longs;umus eadem una ex terra reddi latere&longs; multo firmiores/&longs;i uelu <lb/>ti panes facturi ma&longs;&longs;am prius qua&longs;i fermentarimus: demum iterum<lb/>atque iterum &longs;ubactam reddiderimus/ ut &longs;ic <expan abbr="admod&utilde;">admodum</expan> cerea / et om <lb/>nibus etiam minutis calculis per purgati&longs;&longs;ima. Dure&longs;cunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>coctura adeo ut multa flamma in &longs;iliceam duritiem uertantur. Et <lb/>lateres &longs;eu fiat igne id dum coquuntur/&longs;eu forte fiat aere dum &longs;ic <lb/>ce&longs;cunt/qu&aelig; eadem res euenit panibus/cru&longs;tam adducu<gap/> <expan abbr="&longs;olid&atilde;">&longs;olidam</expan> <lb/>Iuuabit igitur tenues facere/quo plus ad&longs;it cru&longs;te/ minus medul <lb/>l&aelig;. Et in his experiri licet &longs;i ter&longs;i et perpoliti <expan abbr="a&longs;truantur/durab&utilde;t">a&longs;truantur/durabunt</expan> <lb/>ille &longs;i contra tempe&longs;tates quod cui uis lapidum &aelig;que eueniet / ut <lb/>ter&longs;i &longs;cabritie non exedantur: Atqui te&longs;tas quidem tergendas pu <lb/>tant aut nuper exemptas ex fornace ante <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> commaduerint / aut &longs;i 
<pb/>madent <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequae</expan> &longs;icce&longs;cant. Nam &longs;emel madida atque rur&longs;us ex&longs;icca <lb/>ta dure&longs;cit te&longs;ta adeo ut ferri aciem delimet atque con&longs;umat. Sed <lb/>nos commodius proxime ductam &amp; adhuc urentem radimus. At <lb/>qui laterum tria apud ueteres fuerunt genera: Vnum longum &longs;ex <lb/>quipede latum pedem: Alterum palmos quinque quoque uer&longs;us: ter <lb/>tium palmos non plus quatuor. Videmus in &aelig;dificiis te&longs;tas p<gap/>&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ertim ad arcus et nexuras pedes qua&longs;que uer&longs;us latas binos. His <lb/>non &aelig;qu&aelig; u&longs;os ueteres publicis atque priuatis operibus <expan abbr="recit&atilde;t">recitant</expan>: &longs;ed <lb/>maioribus publica/minoribus priuata &longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e &aelig;dificia. De his <lb/>quoque annotaui cum alibi in ueterum monumentis: tum uia appia <lb/>alia atque alia extare maiorum &amp; minorum laterum genera: qbus <lb/>uarie uterentur: ut non modo quicquid ad utilitatem/uerum <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/>quicquid ad gratiam aptum et condecens uenerit in mentem: id <lb/>&longs;edulo uolui&longs;&longs;e perficere arbitror: Vt c&aelig;tera omittam lateres ui <lb/>di longos digitos non plus &longs;ex/cra&longs;&longs;os unum/latos tris: Sed his <lb/>poti&longs;&longs;imum pauimenta &longs;picatim in&longs;ternebant. Pr&aelig;c&aelig;teris mihi <lb/>probantur trianguli/quos faciebant hunc in modum: Laterem e <lb/>nim quaque uer&longs;us pedali amplitudinem ducebant cra&longs;&longs;um <expan abbr="digit&utilde;">digitum</expan> <lb/>et &longs;emis hunc dum uirebat duabus lineis diameti alibus ab <expan abbr="&atilde;gulo">angulo</expan> <lb/>ad oppo&longs;itum angulum &longs;ignabant linea profunda/qu&aelig; u&longs;que dimi <lb/>diam lateris cra&longs;&longs;icudinem &longs;cinderet. Hinc igitur quatuor habe <lb/>bantur trianguli &aelig;quales: Lateres has pr&aelig;&longs;tabant commoditates: <lb/>Nam minus capiebant cret&aelig;/coaptabantur in fornace/ eximeban <lb/>tur/deferebantur in opus habilius: puta qui una manu quatuor ha <lb/>berentur: Hos faber leui ictu inter ab&longs;truendum alterum ab alte <lb/>ro diuidebat: Hi&longs;que per frontes parietum ordines inducebat late <lb/>re pedali extrin&longs;ecus ut pateret: Angulo uero intror&longs;us obiecto/ <lb/>Ex quo impen&longs;a quidem minor/opus gratius/&longs;tructura firmior <lb/>reddebatur: Nam cum toto pariete nulli non integri ade&longs;&longs;e late <lb/>res apparerent: tum anguli dentatim infarturis parietum illigati <lb/>opus firmi&longs;&longs;imum reddebant. Ductos lateres ne illico in <expan abbr="fornac&etilde;">fornacem</expan> <lb/>imponas iubent/ni per&longs;icci &longs;int: et non ante biennium &longs;iccos red <lb/>di: &amp; in umbra commodius &longs;iccari <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in &longs;ole a&longs;&longs;erunt: Sed de his <lb/>quoque hactenus/ni forte addas/quod annotauere terram ad huius 
<pb/>modi opera qu&aelig; pla&longs;tica <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupantur">nuncupantur</expan> probari inter egregias &longs;ami <lb/>am arretinam et mutinen&longs;em. In Hi&longs;pania pergameam: In A&longs;ia <lb/>unum hic breuitatis gratia non pr&aelig;termittam/qu&aelig;que de &longs;ateribus <lb/>u&longs;que dicta &longs;unt. Eadem in tegulis tectorum atque imbricibus: atque<lb/>tubulis: atque omni denique pla&longs;tico fictilique opere fore ob&longs;eruanda. <lb/>Diximus de lapide: Sequitur ut de calce dicendum &longs;it.</s>
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<s>Calcem ex uario lapide Cato cen&longs;orius improbat: Et calcem qu&aelig; <lb/>fiat ex &longs;ilice ad omne opus damnat. Tum et ad calcem efficien <lb/>dam uebementer e&longs;t in utilis lapis qui&longs;quis exhau&longs;tus / arridus / <lb/>putrens/in quo excoquendo ignis non inueniat quid ab&longs;um<gap/>at: <lb/>quales &longs;unt tofin<gap/>i: et qui circa Romam agro fidenate atque albano <lb/>&longs;ubruffi atque pallentes &longs;unt. Tertia enim parte &longs;ui ponderis &quml; &longs;u <lb/>us fuerat lapis leuior &longs;it calx oportet ea/quam periti probent.</s>
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<s>Quin et lapis nimium &longs;icco&longs;us et natura et natura madens/quod <lb/>&longs;ub igne uitre&longs;eat/haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> e&longs;t ad calcem efficiendam utilis. <lb/>Viridis inquit Plinius/lapis igni uebementer re&longs;: &longs;tit. At nos de <lb/>porphirite lapide compertum habemus/non modo flammis non <lb/>excoqui/uerum et contigua qu&aelig;que circumhereant &longs;axa <expan abbr="&itilde;tra">intra</expan> forna <lb/>cem reddere/ut ignibus ne quicq &longs;atis excoquantur. Atqui &amp; <lb/>terrico&longs;am quoque lapidem/quod calcem impuram reddat/re&longs;pu <lb/>unt. Sed calcem in primis laudant uetere&longs; architecti: qu&aelig; de lapi <lb/>de fiat pr&aelig;duro et admodum &longs;pi&longs;&longs;o &amp; pr&aelig;&longs;ertim albo: Hanc. n. <lb/>cum c&aelig;teris u&longs;ibus non incommodam: tum maxime te&longs;tudinibus <lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imam ducunt: Secundo loco probant calcem eam: qu&aelig; &longs;it <lb/>ex lapide alioquin non leui et putri: &longs;ed fi&longs;tulo&longs;o: Hanc enim ad <lb/>opus tectorum e&longs;&longs;e omnium pr&aelig;cipuam &amp; c&aelig;teri&longs; ductibiliorem <lb/>et reddere opera &longs;plendidiora cen&longs;ent. Vidimus &amp; in Gallia u&longs;<gap/>s <lb/>architectos calce non <expan abbr="alia/&qtilde;">alia/quae</expan> qu&aelig; facta &longs;it ex collectitio <expan abbr="torrerti&utilde;">torrertium</expan> <lb/>&longs;axo globo&longs;o/fu&longs;co/pr&aelig;duro &amp; eiu&longs;modi ut po&longs;&longs;is putare <expan abbr="&longs;ilic&etilde;">&longs;ilicem</expan> <lb/>eam tamen in opere tum &longs;axo tum lateribus multa per tempora e <lb/>gregiam pr&aelig;&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e firmitatem con&longs;tat. Inuenio apud Plinium e <lb/>am qu&aelig; fiat ex molari lapide calcem e&longs;&longs;e natura pinguientam: id <lb/>circo ad omnes u&longs;us percommodam. Nos experto intelleximus <lb/>eum molarem lapidem qui guttatim &longs;ale a&longs;per&longs;us <expan abbr="&etilde;/c&utilde;">en/cum</expan> rudior 
<pb/>ac perinde aridior &longs;it non &longs;uccedere Eum uero alterum &longs;alibus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>mixtum/qui &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior et limacum frangatur tenuiore e&longs;t puluere/ <lb/>&longs;uccedere: Sed lapis uticunque &longs;it/ad calcem effo&longs;&longs;us utilior erit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>collectitius: et ex umbro&longs;a humentique fodina exemptus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ex aren <lb/>ti: et ex albo ductibilior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ex fu&longs;co. In Galliis apud marittimas <lb/>eduorum regiones calcem lapidis inopia exo&longs;tricis conchilii&longs;que ef <lb/>ficiunt: E&longs;t et calcis genus gip&longs;um: fit enim et ip&longs;um lapide excoc <lb/>to: tam &amp; &longs;i Cypro et Thebis fodi gip&longs;um referunt &longs;umma tellu <lb/>re &longs;olibus concrematum. Sed gip&longs;eus omnis lapis a calcis lapidi <lb/>bus differt/quod tenerrimus &longs;it/friabilis/pr&aelig;ter unum/qui in &longs;y <lb/>ria foditur: Nam pr&aelig;durus quidem e&longs;t. Differunt <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> quod gip <lb/>&longs;eus lapis horis non plus uiginti. Qui uero lapis ad calcem e&longs;t / <lb/>horis non minus &longs;exaginta coquitur. Gip&longs;i quatuor aduerti e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>per Italiam &longs;pecies: harum dua tralucid&aelig;/du&aelig; non tralucid&aelig;. <lb/><gap/>ralucidarum una glebis aluminis/&longs;eu potius alaba&longs;tro e&longs;t &longs;imi <lb/>lis: hanc &longs;quameolam <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant/quod">nuncupant/quod</expan> tenui&longs;&longs;imis qua&longs;i &longs;quamis <lb/>coherentibus et paginatim compre&longs;&longs;is con&longs;tet: Altera &longs;quameo&longs;a <lb/>quoque e&longs;t: &longs;ed magis &longs;ali &longs;imilis fu&longs;co <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> alumini. Non tralucida <lb/>rum autem <expan abbr="&longs;p&etilde;s">&longs;pens</expan> amb&aelig; cretam dens obden&longs;atam imitantur <lb/>Sed e&longs;t altera albicans et &longs;uppallens: altera pallori &longs;uffu&longs;um colo <lb/>rem habet ruffum. Po&longs;trem&aelig; prioribus den&longs;iores inter po&longs;tremas <lb/>&longs;ubruffa tenacior. Inter priores qu&aelig; purior/ea candidiora &amp; <expan abbr="&longs;pl&etilde;">&longs;plem</expan> <lb/>didiora indealbariis operibus &longs;igilla et coronas pr&aelig;&longs;tat. Apud <lb/>Ariminum gip&longs;um inuenies &longs;olidum/ut dicas e&longs;&longs;e id marmor: <lb/>aut alaba&longs;trum: ex eo iu&longs;&longs;i tabul<gap/>s &longs;erra dentata &longs;errari ad opus <lb/>cru&longs;tationum commodi&longs;&longs;imas. Omne gip&longs;um nequid pr&aelig;termit <lb/><expan abbr="t&atilde;/malleis">tan/malleis</expan> ligneis affligi et <gap/>teri/u&longs;que <expan abbr="infarin&atilde;">infarinam</expan> <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan>: loco &longs;icei&longs; <lb/>&longs;imo accumulatum &longs;eruari/&longs;tatim produci/aqua celerrime infun <lb/>di confe&longs;tim ad opus adigi oportet: Calx contra: non enim tun <lb/>&longs;am uerum ex gleba infundi: et multo quidem ante commacera <lb/>ri oportet aqua exhuberante prius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in opus pr&aelig;&longs;ertim tectorum <lb/>immi&longs;ceas quo &longs;iqua forta&longs;&longs;is gleba parum fuerit ignibus excoc <lb/>ta maceratione diutina &longs;oluatur atque lique&longs;cat. Nam cum recens <lb/>et non penitus proluta et commacerata &longs;ummitur / quod in ea &longs;it 
<pb/>latentes &longs;uberudi aliqui calculi/euenit ut hi quidem indies putre <lb/>&longs;can<gap/>: et &longs;ubinde <expan abbr="emitt&atilde;t">emittant</expan> pu&longs;tulas/quibus omnis expolitio <expan abbr="uitie&ttilde;">uitietur</expan>. <lb/>Adde quod calce non uno &longs;imul ut ita loquar proluuio infundere <lb/>&longs;ed &longs;en&longs;im oportet madefacere alteris atque alteris/atque <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> alteris <lb/>a&longs;p&longs;ionibus/quoad plane &longs;it ebria reddita. Dehinc loco humecto <lb/>et &longs;ub umbra pura &longs;ine ulla rerum <expan abbr="aliar&utilde;">aliarum</expan> mixtura/et nihil plus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;motenus">&longs;ummotenus</expan> leui operta harena <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eru&atilde;da">a&longs;&longs;eruanda</expan> e&longs;t/ quoad temporis mo <lb/>ra liquidius fermentetur. Et compertum quidem habent calcem <lb/>diuturna huiu&longs;modi fermentatione multum ad uirtutem augerc. <lb/>No; quidem ueteribus ac de&longs;tituti&longs;&longs;imis in &longs;criptis <expan abbr="relict&atilde;/">relictan/</expan> po&longs;t <lb/>annos uti ex multis coniecturis p&longs;picue <expan abbr="patebat/quing&etilde;tos">patebat/quingentos</expan> nuper <lb/>inuentam uidimus madidam et liquentem/et ut ita loquar matu <lb/>ram adeo ut mollitie mella o&longs;&longs;iumque medullas longe &longs;uperaret: <lb/>Atque ea quidem ad <expan abbr="qu&etilde;uis">quenuis</expan> u&longs;um non e&longs;t ut putes <expan abbr="c&otilde;modius">commodius</expan> po&longs;&longs;e <lb/>quippiam inueniri. Duplum refert &longs;ic habita harenarum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qu&aelig; <lb/>recenter extincta mi&longs;ceatur. In his igitur calx atque gip&longs;um no con <lb/>ueniunt/in c&aelig;teris <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniunt">conueniunt</expan>. Illico enim eximas ex fornace: ac <lb/>&longs;ub umbra et &longs;icco in loco habeas/mox infundas oportet: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> &longs;iue <lb/>fornace ip&longs;a/&longs;iue alibi ad auram ad lunam/ad &longs;olem ad&longs;eruetur: <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;ertim &aelig;&longs;tate oci&longs;&longs;ime re&longs;oluetur in cinere m/et fiet inutilis. <lb/>Hactenus de his. Fornacibus lapidem ne imponas monent ni con <lb/>fregeris/ ita ut &longs;int fru&longs;ta glebis non minora/ &longs;ino illud quod fa <lb/>cilius <expan abbr="coquan&ttilde;">coquantur</expan>. Compertum quidem e&longs;t mediis in lapidibus pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ertim globo&longs;is interdum ade&longs;&longs;e uacuas aliquas concauitates: qui <lb/>bus <gap/>er inclu&longs;us <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> afferat <expan abbr="detrim&etilde;ti">detrimenti</expan>: Nam &longs;uccen&longs;o forna <lb/>cibus igne fit ut i&longs;tic &longs;eu frigore intror&longs;us ab&longs;cedente aer per&longs;trin <lb/>gatur/ &longs;eu in cale&longs;cente <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> lapide idem ip&longs;us aer in uaporem <lb/>exaugeatur/fit <expan abbr="in&qtilde;">inquae</expan> ut <expan abbr="c&otilde;tume&longs;cat">contume&longs;cat</expan> et quaque uer&longs;us pfracto carcere <lb/>quo cohercebatur imani &longs;onitu acrique impetu <expan abbr="erumpat/tot&atilde;que">erumpat/totanque</expan> for <lb/>nacis congeriem di&longs;turbet atque peruertat. Et &longs;unt qui lapidibus <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi uiderunt media intus uigere animantia cum alia et di <lb/>uer&longs;a/tum uermes pilo&longs;o dor&longs;o et multipedes/qui quidem forna <lb/>cibus &longs;oleant di&longs;pendium afferre. Neque hic <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ubiungam digna <lb/><expan abbr="qu&aelig;d&atilde;">qu&aelig;dam</expan> memoratu d rebus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi/ qu&aelig; no&longs;tra &aelig;tate ui&longs;a <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>: 
<pb/>Non enim h&aelig;c &longs;cribimus &longs;olum fabris/uerum et &longs;tudio&longs;is etiam <lb/>rerum dignarum: Qua de re iuuat <expan abbr="&itilde;termi&longs;cere">intermi&longs;cere</expan> <expan abbr="interd&utilde;">interdum</expan> qu&aelig; dele <lb/>ctent: et ab re tamen atque in&longs;tituto aliena <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;int. Martino quinto <lb/><expan abbr="p&otilde;tifice">pontifice</expan> maximo/allatus extitit anguis reptus latio a fabris apud <lb/>fodinas uitam <expan abbr="duc&etilde;s">ducens</expan> in ua&longs;to quodam <expan abbr="lapide/circ&utilde;">lapide/circum</expan> omnibus a&longs;pi <lb/><expan abbr="ram&etilde;tis">ramentis</expan> ob&longs;tru&longs;is: Repert&aelig; et aliquot ran&aelig;/et item cancri/&longs;ed hi <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> mortui. Tum et candidi&longs;&longs;imo marmore in medio per h&aelig;c <lb/>tempora frondes <expan abbr="arbor&utilde;">arborum</expan> repertas te&longs;tor. Vellinus mons/qui B<gap/>u <lb/>tios a mar&longs;is <expan abbr="diuidit/omui&utilde;">diuidit/omuium</expan> pr&aelig;cel&longs;us toto uertice calue&longs;cit lapi <lb/>de albo/et rediuiuo illic qua parte in brutios &longs;pectat/pa&longs;&longs;im uide <lb/>bis di&longs;fractos lapides refertos &longs;igillis <expan abbr="conchilior&utilde;">conchiliorum</expan> maritimorum: <lb/>non amplioribus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut ea &longs;ub uola manus capias. Quid illud? Ex <lb/>agro Veronen&longs;i indies colliguntur &longs;axa c&aelig;lo &longs;trata &longs;igno quinq <lb/>folio certis et comparibus lineis apti&longs;&longs;ime p&longs;cr ipta atque belli&longs;&longs;ime <lb/>imbricata natur&aelig; arte admirabili et perfinita/ut imitari &longs;ubtilita <lb/>tem operis po&longs;&longs;it pror&longs;us <expan abbr="mortali&utilde;">mortalium</expan> nemo: Et quod magis mirere <lb/>nullum huiu&longs;modi inucnies lapidem ni&longs;i inuer&longs;um/impre&longs;&longs; mque<lb/>&longs;igni formam obtegentem: quo facile putes naturam non admira <lb/>tioni hominum/&longs;ed &longs;ibi effinxi&longs;&longs;e tantas delitias artificii &longs;ui.</s>
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<s>Ad rem redeo. Non hic in&longs;i&longs;tam <expan abbr="refer&etilde;s">referens</expan> quo pacto foci <expan abbr="ue&longs;tibul&utilde;">ue&longs;tibulum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="pr&aelig;furni&utilde;que">pr&aelig;furniunque</expan> te&longs;tudinare/et <expan abbr="interior&etilde;">interiorem</expan> <expan abbr="igni&utilde;">ignium</expan> &longs;edem coaptare oper <lb/>teat/ ut extuans flamma re&longs;piret/ ut &longs;uis qua&longs;i limitibus coberce <lb/>atur/ut inunum ad opus coquendi confluat tota ignium uis atque<lb/>con&longs;piret. Neque pro&longs;equar quo pacto &longs;en&longs;im &longs;uccendere et ignem <lb/>non intermittere u&longs;que dum <expan abbr="fl&atilde;ma">flamma</expan> ad <expan abbr="&longs;uprem&utilde;">&longs;upremum</expan> u&longs;que <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> fumo <lb/>&longs;a exeat: et <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mi">&longs;ummi</expan> intra fornacem lapides cande&longs;cant/et coctum la <lb/>pidem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> e&longs;&longs;e ni&longs;i cum <expan abbr="fl&atilde;mis">flammis</expan> turgefacta qu&aelig; <expan abbr="circ&utilde;hiarat">circunhiarat</expan> fornax <lb/>&longs;e&longs;e receperit atque per&longs;trinxerit. Mirum inquo naturam &longs;pectes <lb/>elementi. Nam &longs;i calce cocta ignem &longs;ubdemeris/fiet calcaria &longs;en <lb/>&longs;im minus in imo calens/ in &longs;ummo uero magis multo reddetur <lb/>ignita. Nunc quoniam his operibus perficiendis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> calce <expan abbr="tant&utilde;/">tantun/</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="uer&utilde;">uerum</expan> et harena opus <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: de harena ip&longs;a nobis <expan abbr="dicend&utilde;">dicendum</expan> e&longs;t.</s>
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<s><expan abbr="Harenar&utilde;">Harenarum</expan> tria &longs;unt genera/ Fo&longs;&longs;icea/Fluuiatilis/Marina. Om <lb/><expan abbr="ni&utilde;">nium</expan> optima fo&longs;&longs;icea. Atque ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> multiplex e&longs;t/Nigra/Cana/ 
<pb/>rubra et carbunculus et glarco&longs;a. Siquis me roget quidnam e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>harenam &longs;tatuam: fortallis dixero eam e&longs;&longs;e/qua maioribus <expan abbr="c&otilde;fra">confra</expan> <lb/>ctis lapidibus minutulis con&longs;tet lapilli&longs;culis: Tamet&longs;i Vitruuio <lb/>placuit harenam/et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim in &aelig;truria/quam carbunculum di <lb/>cunt/genus e&longs;&longs;e quoddam tera&aelig; ignibus a rerum natura intra <expan abbr="m&otilde;">mom</expan> <lb/>tes inclu&longs;is peru&longs;t&aelig; et reddit&aelig;/ut &longs;it iam terra non cocta &longs;olidior <lb/>et tofo ip&longs;o mollior. Verum inter ha&longs;ce omnes harenas <expan abbr="prafer&utilde;t">praferunt</expan> <lb/>carbunculum. Aduerti rom&aelig; publicis &aelig;dificiis u&longs;os no in po&longs;tre <lb/>mis rubra: Caua intra fo&longs;&longs;iceas ultima e&longs;t: Glareo&longs;a fundamentis <lb/>farciundis <expan abbr="c&otilde;moda">commoda</expan> e&longs;t: Sed inter primarias proximo loco <expan abbr="&atilde;nume">annume</expan> <lb/>rant glaream <expan abbr="tenuior&etilde;">tenuiorem</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;ertim qu&aelig; angularis et ab omni terr&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;mixtione">immixtione</expan> <expan abbr="&imacr;munis">immunis</expan> &longs;it: uti e&longs;t qu&aelig; apud uilumbros abunde &longs;uppe <lb/>ditat: Subinde harenam probant/qu&aelig; ex fluento po&longs;t primam iu <lb/><expan abbr="prem&atilde;">premam</expan> cutem abrepta eximatur: Et inter fluuiatiles torrentium/ <lb/>et inter ha&longs;ce utilior qu&aelig; intra <expan abbr="m&otilde;tes">montes</expan> pronioribus profluuiis &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;titit. Extremo uenit loco harena qu&aelig; ex mari excepta &longs;it: et <expan abbr="&imacr;ter">inter</expan> <lb/>maritimas nigrantem ac uitro&longs;am non omnino uituperant. Apud <lb/>Picentes agro &longs;alernitano harenam ex mari &longs;umptam fo&longs;&longs;ice&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&utilde;t">po&longs;tponunt</expan>: Sed eius regionis non omni ex littore de&longs;umptam pro <lb/>bant: Nam <expan abbr="c&otilde;pertum">compertum</expan> quidem habent littoribus/qu&aelig; ad hau&longs;tros <lb/><expan abbr="excipi&etilde;dos">excipiendos</expan> pateant/harenam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> deterrimam: Qu&aelig; u<gap/>io <lb/>ad lybicum <expan abbr="&longs;pect&etilde;t">&longs;pectent</expan> littora/ea quidem harenam &longs;erre minime po&longs; <lb/>&longs;imam. At inter maritimas harenas e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;modiorem">commodiorem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;tat/qu&aelig;">cen&longs;tat/qu&aelig;</expan> <lb/>ad rupes &longs;ub&longs;ideat: grano ue cra&longs;&longs;iore &longs;it. Atqui <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> harene qui <lb/>dem cur <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="differ&atilde;t">differant</expan> inter &longs;e: <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> marina inharc&longs;cit difficile et <lb/>&longs;al&longs;ugine di&longs;&longs;olubilis made&longs;cit <expan abbr="c&otilde;tinuo">continuo</expan> atque &longs;ubfluit: Inde igitur <lb/>onera &aelig;gre et <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> fidi&longs;&longs;ime &longs;u&longs;tinet. Fluuiatilis quoque humecti <lb/>or e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> fo&longs;&longs;icea: eaque de re ductibilior et tectoriis habilior. Fo&longs;&longs;i <lb/>cea propter <expan abbr="pinguedin&etilde;">pinguedinem</expan> tenacior: &longs;ed facit rimas: ea de re c&untilde; came <lb/>rationibus <expan abbr="adigunt/n&otilde;">adigunt/non</expan> ad tectoria. Sed erit harena optima &longs;uo in <lb/>genere qu&aelig;que fricata et p&longs;tricta manibus &longs;tridorem faciat: et qu&aelig; <lb/>in candidam ue&longs;tem excepta non coinquinabit: neque terram &longs;ub&longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="dent&etilde;">dentem</expan> relinquet. Contra erit harena <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> bona: qu&aelig; per &longs;e lenis et re <lb/><expan abbr="quie&qtilde;">quiequae</expan> a&longs;pera: et colore odoreque luteam <expan abbr="terr&atilde;">terram</expan> <expan abbr="imite&ttilde;">imitetur</expan>: qu&aelig; ue intra 
<pb/><expan abbr="aqu&atilde;">aquam</expan> exagitata/aquam reddet <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> turbulentam et limo&longs;am: <lb/>qu&aelig; ue in area relicta ilico herbe&longs;cet: eritque <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> bona/que dudum <lb/>conuecta diu extiterit &longs;ub aere ad &longs;olem et lunam et pruinas: nam <lb/>terrico&longs;a efficitur et putris: et perinde cum ad producenda aibu <lb/>&longs;cula et caprificos parata: tum ad continendam &longs;tructuram infir <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;ima.</s>
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<s>Diximus de materia/lapide/calce/et harena: qu&aelig; a maioribus pro<lb/>barentur. Sed locis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> omnibus dabitur/ut ea pro in&longs;tituto rebus <lb/>agendis <expan abbr="c&otilde;moda">commoda</expan> et parabilia <expan abbr="&itilde;ueniamus">inueniamus</expan>. A&longs;iam aiebat Cicero pro <lb/>pter copiam marmoris/&longs;emper &aelig;dificiorum et &longs;ignorum gloria <lb/>florui&longs;&longs;e: At marmora locis omnibus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> inuenies: alibi aut nullus <lb/>e&longs;t lapis: aut &longs;i e&longs;t/is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ad omnem u&longs;um e&longs;t habilis. Tota <lb/>italia ab ea parte qu&aelig; ad meridiem uergit/fo&longs;&longs;iceam reperiri hare <lb/>nam te&longs;tantur: ab apennino citra non reperiri. Babylones inquit <lb/>Plinius bitumine: Carthaginen&longs;es luto utuntur. Alibi omnino la <lb/>pidis inopia cratibus et argilla <expan abbr="&aelig;dific&atilde;t">&aelig;dificant</expan>. Budinos refert Herodo <lb/>tus cum priuatas/tum etiam publicas &aelig;des non re alia &aelig;dificare <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ligno: ut etiam urbis moenia atque ip&longs;a deorum &longs;imulacra &longs;int <lb/>apud eos lignea. Neuros ligno penitus carere ait Mella: ut ligno <lb/>rum loco &longs;uccedere cogantur o&longs;&longs;a. Aegypto iumentorum &longs;ege&longs;ti <lb/>onibus focum fouent. Hine e&longs;t ut alii alia &longs;ibi habere pro nece&longs;&longs;i <lb/>tate et rerum oportunitate diuer&longs;oria cogantur. Apud &aelig;gyptios <lb/>&longs;unt qui uel regias domos harundinibus: apud Indos qui <expan abbr="c&aelig;tar&utilde;">c&aelig;tarum</expan> <lb/>co&longs;tis &longs;ibi <expan abbr="&aelig;dific&etilde;t">&aelig;dificent</expan>. Apud Dedaliam in Sardis &longs;uffo&longs;&longs;a tellure ha <lb/>bitare &longs;cribit Diodorus. Carris Arabi&aelig; oppido muros domo&longs;que<lb/>ma&longs;&longs;is efficiunt &longs;alis. Sed de his alias. Itaque ut diximus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> omni <lb/>loco eadem lapidis haren&aelig;que et huiu&longs;modi e&longs;t copia: Sed diuer&longs;is <lb/>diuer&longs;a et natur&aelig; et <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> exi&longs;tit ratio atque modus: Iccirco his uti <lb/>oportet qu&aelig; &longs;uppeditant: et in his ip&longs;is adhibenda e&longs;t cautio: pri <lb/>mo ut habiliores et <expan abbr="c&otilde;modiores/&longs;electos">commodiores/&longs;electos</expan> parato&longs;que habeamus: pro <lb/>xime ut &aelig;dificando aptioribus utamur/&longs;uis quibu&longs;que locis <expan abbr="c&utilde;cta">cuncta</expan> <lb/>recte di&longs;partiendo.</s>
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<s><expan abbr="Sequi&ttilde;">Sequitur</expan> ut paratis rebus/que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus/materia/lapide/calce/">recen&longs;uimus/materia/lapide/calce/</expan> <lb/>harena: <expan abbr="n&utilde;c">nunc</expan> de <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;truendi">con&longs;truendi</expan> &aelig;dificii ratione et modo <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;igamus">tran&longs;igamus</expan>. 
<pb/>Nam ferrum quidem &aelig;s atque <expan abbr="pl&utilde;bum">plumbum</expan> et uitrum er reliqua i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi ut pares nihilo plus opus e&longs;t indu&longs;tria, &quml; ut coem<gap/>s atque in <lb/>unum cogas/quoad inopere pficiundo non de&longs;int: tam et&longs;i de his <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;elig&etilde;dis">&longs;eligendis</expan> et <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;dis">di&longs;tribuendis</expan> dicemus &longs;uo loco/qu&aelig; ad operis orr<gap/><expan abbr="m&etilde;">men</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="tor&utilde;que">torunque</expan> rationem ab&longs;oluendam <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniant">conueniant</expan>: Atque nos qua&longs;i opus fac <lb/>turi &longs;imus et manu &aelig;dificaturi ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> rem oidiri ag <lb/>grediemur: Sed hic prius e&longs;t ut iterum admoneam/pen&longs;anda e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>tempora cum publica/tum et priuata no&longs;tra <expan abbr="no&longs;tror&utilde;que">no&longs;trorunque</expan> eiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;int: nequid aggrediamur: in quo perturbatis rebus aut inuidiam <lb/>captes &longs;i p&longs;eueres &aelig;d<gap/><expan abbr="ic&atilde;do">icando</expan>: aut di&longs;pendium &longs;i de&longs;eras. Adde quod<lb/>et natur&aelig; tempora inprimis erunt <expan abbr="ob&longs;eru&atilde;da">ob&longs;eruanda</expan>: Nam uidere qdem <lb/>licet/uti ea qu&aelig; p hyemem &aelig;dificantur/locis pr&aelig;&longs;ertim frigidis <lb/>gelent: Ea uero qu&aelig; p &aelig;&longs;tatem/locis pr&aelig;&longs;ertim &aelig;&longs;tuo&longs;is ar<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;c&atilde;t/">&longs;cant/</expan> <lb/>prius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cohereant. Hinc igitur admonebat Frontinus architectus <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e ad opus exequendum apta <expan abbr="acc&otilde;modataque">accommodataque</expan> tempora: qu&aelig; &longs;unt <lb/>a chalendis aprilis/ad <expan abbr="chal&etilde;das">chalendas</expan> u&longs;que <expan abbr="nou&etilde;bris/intermi&longs;&longs;o">nouembris/intermi&longs;&longs;o</expan> &aelig;&longs;tatis <lb/>feruore. Sed pro locorum uarietate et coelo opus <expan abbr="maturand&utilde;">maturandum</expan> aut <lb/><expan abbr="producend&utilde;">producendum</expan> &longs;tatuo. Itaque &longs;i cum his <expan abbr="c&utilde;que">cunque</expan> c&aelig;teris rebus qu&aelig; &longs;upra <lb/>recen&longs;uimus/bene tibi conueniet: erit demum area futuri operis <lb/><expan abbr="de&longs;crib&etilde;da/&longs;ignatis">de&longs;cribenda/&longs;ignatis</expan> in &longs;olo &longs;paciis &longs;ua et linearum et angulorum <lb/>dimen&longs;ione.</s>
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<s>At &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="admon&etilde;t">admonent</expan> bonis initiis inchoandam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&aelig;dification&etilde;">&aelig;dificationem</expan>: <lb/>pmaximi quidem intere&longs;&longs;e quo quidque temporis mom<gap/>o in <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;entium numero <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> occeperit. Lutius Tarutius urbis Rom&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="natal&etilde;">natalem</expan> diem adinueni&longs;&longs;e fortun&aelig; &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;ibus <expan abbr="&atilde;notatis">annotatis</expan> <expan abbr="pr&aelig;dica&ttilde;">pr&aelig;dicatur</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="Tant&atilde;que">Tantanque</expan> habere uim ad res futuras ip&longs;um hoc initii <expan abbr="moment&utilde;">momentum</expan> pu <lb/>tarunt &longs;apienti&longs;&longs;imi ueteres: ut fui&longs;&longs;e Iulius firmicus maternus re <lb/>ferat/qui <expan abbr="m&utilde;di">mundi</expan> <expan abbr="genitur&atilde;">genituram</expan> ex rerum euentibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;pertam">compertam</expan> fecerint: <lb/>ac de ea re accurati&longs;&longs;ime &longs;crip&longs;erint. <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> E&longs;culapius Annubius <lb/>que: et i&longs;tos &longs;ecuti Peto&longs;iris et Necep&longs;o &longs;ic fui&longs;&longs;e hanc affirmant: <lb/>&longs;urgente ab orizonte Cancro et luna ex dimidio/ &longs;ole in leone/&longs;a <lb/>turno in capricorno/ioue in &longs;agittario/marte in <expan abbr="&longs;corpi&otilde;e/uencre">&longs;corpione/uencre</expan> <lb/>in libra/mercurio in uirgine. Et profecto <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> &longs;i recta interpre <lb/>tamur <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> pleri&longs;que <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> rebus po&longs;&longs;unt. Nam et qd illud qd <expan abbr="ai&utilde;t">aiunt</expan> 
<pb/>die brumali pulegium <expan abbr="arid&utilde;">aridum</expan> flore&longs;cere/inflatas ue&longs;icas di&longs;rumpi <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;alictor&utilde;">&longs;alictorum</expan> folia: <expan abbr="Malor&utilde;">Malorum</expan> grana uerti ac <expan abbr="circ&utilde;agi/mur&utilde;que">circunagi/murunque</expan> iocu&longs;cu <lb/>lis fibras numero indies ad lun&aelig; numerum <expan abbr="c&otilde;gruere">congruere</expan> atque &aelig;quari. <lb/>Ego uero et&longs;i i&longs;tius di&longs;ciplin&aelig; profe&longs;&longs;oribus et <expan abbr="t&etilde;porum">temporum</expan> ob&longs;eruato <lb/>ribus non <expan abbr="tant&utilde;">tantum</expan> tribuam/ut eos <expan abbr="exi&longs;tim&etilde;">exi&longs;timen</expan> &longs;uis po&longs;&longs;e artibus <expan abbr="cert&atilde;">certam</expan> <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;tare <expan abbr="fortun&atilde;">fortunam</expan> <expan abbr="rebusin&otilde;">rebusinon</expan> <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="a&longs;pern&atilde;dos">a&longs;pernandos</expan> ducam <expan abbr="&longs;iqu&atilde;do">&longs;iquando</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="di&longs;put&etilde;t">di&longs;putent</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;cripta i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <expan abbr="mon&etilde;te">monente</expan> coelo <expan abbr="utr&atilde;que">utranque</expan> in par <lb/>tem po&longs;&longs;e &quml; <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan>. Sed uti ea &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="h&etilde;at">henat</expan> res/&longs;erua&longs;&longs;e qu&aelig; admo <lb/>nent: aut <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> <expan abbr="proder&utilde;t">proderunt</expan> &longs;i uera &longs;unt: aut <expan abbr="minim&utilde;">minimum</expan> nocebunt &longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> fal&longs;a. <expan abbr="Adder&etilde;">Adderem</expan> hic aliqua ridenda/qu&aelig; ueteres probauere in <lb/>choandis rebus: &longs;ed nolim <expan abbr="interpreten&ttilde;">interpretentur</expan> &longs;ecus atque res ferat: Et pro <lb/>fecto ridiculi: qui bono item omine <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> c&aelig;teras res: tum et <expan abbr="&itilde;primis">imprimis</expan> <lb/>are&aelig; <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;cription&etilde;">pr&aelig;&longs;criptionem</expan> inire iu&longs;&longs;erint. Veteres his <expan abbr="&longs;up&longs;tit&etilde;ibus">&longs;up&longs;titenibus</expan> adeo <lb/><expan abbr="uacab&atilde;t">uacabant</expan>: ut e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="prim&utilde;">primum</expan> militem in delectu <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;cribendo">con&longs;cribendo</expan> <expan abbr="curar&etilde;t">curarent</expan>: ne <lb/>ei e&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="nom&etilde;">nomen</expan> ulla ex parte <expan abbr="infau&longs;t&utilde;">infau&longs;tum</expan>: tum et <expan abbr="lu&longs;tr&atilde;da">lu&longs;tranda</expan> colonia atque<lb/>exercitu bonis nominibus <expan abbr="eligeb&atilde;t/qui">eligebant/qui</expan> ho&longs;tias ducerent: et locan <lb/>dis uectigalibus cen&longs;ores <expan abbr="Lucrin&utilde;">Lucrinum</expan> lacum ob nominis felicitatem <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> <expan abbr="prim&utilde;">primum</expan> in&longs;tituere: Tum et malo <expan abbr="no&itilde;s">noins</expan> omine pmoti qu&aelig; <lb/>prius <expan abbr="epid&atilde;num">epidannum</expan> <expan abbr="uocaba&ttilde;">uocabatur</expan>: ne <expan abbr="ind&atilde;num">indannum</expan> eo <expan abbr="nauig&atilde;tes">nauigantes</expan> ire <expan abbr="diceren&ttilde;">dicerentur</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="Dyrrachi&utilde;">Dyrrachium</expan> appellari uoluere. Eadem <expan abbr="r&otilde;ne">ronne</expan> et Beneuentum/quod <lb/>prius Maloeton <expan abbr="dicere&ttilde;">diceretur</expan> <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupauere">nuncupauere</expan>. Rideo hic: nam bona etiam <lb/>uerba et <expan abbr="prec&atilde;tia">precantia</expan> adiungi placet. Et &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="affirm&etilde;t">affirment</expan> hominum <lb/>uerba tanti <expan abbr="c&etilde;/ut">cen/ut</expan> uel a feris muti&longs;que rebus <expan abbr="audian&ttilde;">audiantur</expan>. Sino illud Ca <lb/>tonis uerbis la&longs;&longs;atas boues in&longs;taurari. Solere <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> homines aiunt <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;petrare">impetrare</expan> a &longs;olo patrio uerbis et precibus/ut in&longs;uetas et alienas alat <lb/>arbores: ip&longs;a&longs;que arbores exorari po&longs;&longs;e ut <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;migrent/et">tran&longs;migrent/et</expan> in alieno <lb/>accre&longs;cant. Iam mihi po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> inepti <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> <expan abbr="coepimus/alior&utilde;">coepimus/aliorum</expan> ineptias <lb/><expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;endo">recen&longs;endo</expan> illud ridiculi gratia non omittam/quod aiunt adeo au <lb/>diri <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> genus/ut rapam <expan abbr="affirm&etilde;t">affirment</expan> ampliorem cre&longs;cere: &longs;i <expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> <lb/>&longs;eratur ob&longs;ecretur/ut &longs;ibi et famili&aelig; et uicinis benigne conferat. <lb/>Qu&aelig; quidem res &longs;i ita &longs;unt: <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> intelligo cur ocimum herbam pu <lb/>tent/quo magis cum maledictis et probris &longs;atum &longs;it/ eo fructus <lb/>l&aelig;tiores afferre. Sed mi&longs;&longs;a h&aelig;c faciamus. C&aelig;terum pr&aelig;&longs;tare qui <lb/>dem arbitror/&longs;i omni <expan abbr="opinion&utilde;">opinionum</expan> incerta <expan abbr="&longs;uper&longs;titi&otilde;e">&longs;uper&longs;titione</expan> de&longs;pecta/rem 
<pb/>ip&longs;am &longs;ancte et religio&longs;e aggrediemur. Ab Ioue principium mu <lb/>&longs;&aelig;: iouis omnia plena: Ergo purificato animo: et &longs;ancte pi<gap/> ado <lb/>rato &longs;acrificio/inchoari tantam rem perplacebit: his maxime <gap/><lb/>bitis precibus ad &longs;uperos/ quibus <expan abbr="po&longs;ca&ttilde;/">po&longs;catur/</expan> ut opem <expan abbr="auxili&utilde;que">auxiliunque</expan> pr&aelig; <lb/>beant operi/et faueant c&aelig;ptis/quoad fau&longs;te/ feliciter/ pro&longs;pereque<lb/>eucniat res: &longs;itque longa cum &longs;ua <expan abbr="&longs;uor&utilde;que">&longs;uorunque</expan> ho&longs;pitumque &longs;alute et &longs;alu <lb/>britate: cum rerum firmitate: animi &aelig;quabilitate: fortunarum in <lb/>cremento/et indu&longs;tri&aelig; fructu/et glori&aelig; propagatione: <expan abbr="bonor&utilde;queomni&utilde;">bonorunque<lb/>omnium</expan> phennitate/atque po&longs;teritate. De his hactenus.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE <lb/>OPERE LIBER TERTIVS INCIPIT.</s>
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<s>MNIS ASTR VENDI OPERIS RA <lb/>tio/hac una in re uer&longs;atur atque con&longs;umitur: ut <lb/>pluribus <expan abbr="ord&imacr;c">ordinc</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;ge&longs;tis">conge&longs;tis</expan> et arte <expan abbr="c&otilde;pactis">compactis</expan> rebus: <lb/>&longs;eu &longs;int illi <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quadrati lapides: &longs;eu cemen <lb/>ta: &longs;eu materia: &longs;eu qd aliud uis &longs;olida ex eis/ <lb/>et quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="&imacr;tegra">integra</expan> unitaque <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tru">con&longs;tru</expan> <lb/>ctio <expan abbr="pduca&ttilde;">pducatur</expan>. Integra counitaque ea <expan abbr="dicen&ttilde;">dicentur</expan>, quo <lb/>rum partes a partibus neque re&longs;ect&aelig;/ neque di&longs;iunct&aelig;/ neque non &longs;uis <lb/>in&longs;it&aelig; loeis &longs;int: Sed toto linearum tractu cohercant atque con&longs;e <lb/>quantur. In &longs;tructura igitur con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet/qu&aelig;nam in ea <lb/>primari&aelig; &longs;int partes: et qu&aelig; <expan abbr="parti&utilde;">partium</expan> line&aelig; atque ordiues. Structur&aelig; <lb/>perficiund&aelig; partes minime ob&longs;cur&aelig; &longs;unt. <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mum/infim&utilde;/">&longs;ummum/infimun/</expan> <lb/>dextrum/ &longs;ini&longs;trum/ proximum/di&longs;tans: et qu&aelig; inter has extre <lb/>mitates intercurrant media/ex &longs;e patent: Sed quid cuique in&longs;it: cur <lb/>inter &longs;e differant: non <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> <expan abbr="intellig&utilde;t">intelligunt</expan>. Neque enim <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> opus tollere ut <lb/>putant imperiti/lapidem lapidi: et cementa cementis &longs;upera&longs;tru <lb/>ere: Sed diuer&longs;&aelig; cum &longs;int partes: longe diuer&longs;is indigent rebus <lb/>et indu&longs;tria: Aliud enim fundamentis: aliud procinctui et coro <lb/>nis: Aliud angulis et apertionum labris: Aliud extr<gap/>is cuti <lb/>bus: Aliud intimis parietum infarctionibus et cra&longs;&longs;atio<gap/>ibus de <lb/>betur. Quod autem cuique debeatur/ no&longs;trum erit pro&longs;equi, 
<pb/>In his <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ab&longs;oluendis ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> incipiemus: eos ut di <lb/>ximus imitati: qui manu &longs;int opus effecturi.</s>
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<s><expan abbr="Fundament&utilde;/ni">Fundamentun/ni</expan> fallimur/&longs;tructur&aelig; pars <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> e&longs;t: &longs;ed locus uideli <lb/>cet ac &longs;edes: <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> qua &longs;tructura ip&longs;a <expan abbr="toll&etilde;da">tollenda</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;tatu&etilde;daque">&longs;tatuendaque</expan> &longs;it. Nam &longs;i da <lb/>bitur area penitus &longs;olida atque <expan abbr="o&itilde;o">oino</expan> <expan abbr="con&longs;t&atilde;s">con&longs;tans</expan> lapidea forta&longs;&longs;is: quales <lb/>apud Veios <expan abbr="n&otilde;nullas">nonnullas</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;uenias">inuenias</expan>: <expan abbr="qu&aelig;n&atilde;">qu&aelig;nam</expan> tibi illic erunt fundamenta <lb/><expan abbr="iaci&utilde;da">iaciunda</expan> potius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut <expan abbr="&longs;tructur&atilde;">&longs;tructuram</expan> ip&longs;am attollas. Apud Senas <expan abbr="ui&longs;un&ttilde;">ui&longs;untur</expan> <lb/>maxim&aelig; <expan abbr="turri&utilde;">turrium</expan> moles/ip&longs;o primo et nudo in &longs;olo po&longs;it&aelig;: E&longs;t <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> <lb/>mons &longs;olidus &longs;ub&longs;tratus tofo. Fundatione <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> hoc e&longs;t itione <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> fun <lb/>dum atque foffura erit opus ubi <expan abbr="firm&utilde;">firmum</expan> &longs;tabileque folum pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;a de <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;aque fouea <expan abbr="qu&aelig;rend&utilde;">qu&aelig;rendum</expan> &longs;it: quod ip&longs;um fieri ferme pleri&longs;que <expan abbr="o&imacr;bus">oimbus</expan> <lb/>in locis <expan abbr="c&otilde;uer&longs;it">conuer&longs;it</expan>: de qbus po&longs;tea. <expan abbr="C&otilde;modum">Commodum</expan> <expan abbr="futur&utilde;">futurum</expan> &longs;olum <expan abbr="&itilde;ditio">inditio</expan> <lb/>erunt h&aelig;c/&longs;i mille aderunt herb&aelig;/qu&aelig; humectis in locis <expan abbr="&longs;ole&atilde;t">&longs;oleant</expan>: <lb/>&longs;i arborem aut <expan abbr="null&atilde;">nullam</expan> ferat: aut eam <expan abbr="tant&utilde;">tantum</expan>: qu&aelig; ni&longs;i in pr&aelig;duro et <lb/>den&longs;i&longs;&longs;imo oriatur: Si <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> multo <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> <expan abbr="o&itilde;a">oina</expan> &longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima et penitus <lb/>arentia: Si lapido&longs;a lapide <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="minuto/n&otilde;">minuto/non</expan> globeo: &longs;ed angulari &longs;o <lb/>lido pr&aelig;&longs;ertim &longs;iliceo: Si &longs;ub &longs;e neque &longs;caturient fontes/neque fluen <lb/><expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> puader: Fluenti. n. natura e&longs;t/ut aut rapiat &longs;empiterne quoad <lb/>motu ualeat/aut importet: Ea re fit ut plana/qu&aelig; propter fluuius <lb/>excurrit/&longs;oli <expan abbr="firmitat&etilde;">firmitatem</expan> <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;t&etilde;t">pr&aelig;&longs;tent</expan> non <expan abbr="prius/&qtilde;">prius/quae</expan> ubi &longs;ub <expan abbr="alue&utilde;">alueum</expan> de&longs;cen <lb/>deris. Tu <expan abbr="prius&qtilde;">priusquae</expan> <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicquae</expan> fodere incipias angulos <expan abbr="arear&utilde;">arearum</expan> et omnes <lb/>laterum lineas diligenti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="iter&utilde;">iterum</expan> atque iterum <expan abbr="&atilde;nota&longs;&longs;e">annota&longs;&longs;e</expan> oportet: <lb/>quales futuri &longs;int et quo &longs;tatuantur loco: His angulis ponendis <lb/>norma opus e&longs;t <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> pu&longs;illa/&longs;ed pr&aelig;grandi: quo <expan abbr="direction&utilde;">directionum</expan> line&aelig; <lb/>certiores <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;equan&ttilde;">con&longs;equantur</expan>: Normam ueteres <expan abbr="c&otilde;ficiebant">conficiebant</expan> tribus rectis re <lb/>gulis in <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> <expan abbr="triangul&utilde;">triangulum</expan> coniunctis: <expan abbr="quar&utilde;">quarum</expan> erat una cubitos tris: al <lb/>tera quatuor: tertia cubitos erat quinque. Atqui hos <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> angulos <lb/>ponere imperiti/ni&longs;i rebus omnibus qu&aelig; aream <expan abbr="occup&etilde;t/amotis">occupent/amotis</expan>: <lb/>et &longs;olo prius reddito uacuo et penitu&longs; complanato ne&longs;ciunt: Eaque<lb/>de re/ quod in ho&longs;tium agro moderantiu&longs; facerent/ repente rap <lb/>ti&longs; malleoli&longs;/fabro&longs; ua&longs;tatore&longs; ad <expan abbr="diru&etilde;da">diruenda</expan> et delenda omnia im <lb/>mittunt: Quorum e&longs;t error ca&longs;tigandu&longs;: Nam multa et fortu <lb/>n&aelig; iniuria/ et temporum aduer&longs;ita&longs; / et rerum ca&longs;u&longs; atque ne <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;&longs;unt afferre: Qu&aelig; moneant uetentque nequid c&aelig;p 
<pb/>ta pro&longs;equare: Et interea dedecet profecto non parcere ueterum <lb/>laboribus/et con&longs;ulere ciuium <expan abbr="c&otilde;modis/his">commodis/his</expan> qu&aelig; a&longs;&longs;uctis <expan abbr="maior&utilde;">maiorum</expan> <lb/>&longs;uorum laribus capiant: quando et perdere et pro&longs;ternere et fundi <lb/>tus conuellere qu&aelig;que ubique &longs;unt/ex arbitrio &longs;emper relictum &longs;it. <lb/>Itaque pri&longs;tina uelim &longs;erues integra quoad noua illis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> demollitis <lb/>attolli nequeant.</s>
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<s><expan abbr="Fundam&etilde;tis">Fundamentis</expan> de&longs;cribendis memini&longs;&longs;e oportet prima <expan abbr="pariet&utilde;">parietum</expan> exor <lb/>dia et &longs;occos/quos etiam <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;ta">fundamenta</expan> <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant/">nuncupant/</expan> habenda e&longs;&longs;e quo <lb/>ta parte &longs;ui ampliora/&quml; &longs;it futurus paries: eorum imitatione qui <lb/>alpibus &aelig;trurie per niues ambulant: Nam hi quidem pedibus adi <lb/>gunt cribros funiculis in eum ip&longs;um u&longs;um contextis: quorum am <lb/>plitudine ue&longs;tigia minus <expan abbr="&itilde;mergantur">immergantur</expan>. Anguli ip&longs;i quo pacto an <lb/>notentur/e&longs;&longs;et non facile examu&longs;&longs;im pro&longs;equi uerbis &longs;olis. quod <lb/>&longs;it eorum <expan abbr="capt&atilde;dorum">captandorum</expan> ratio ex mathematicis ducta: et linearum <lb/>exemplo indigeat: res ab in&longs;tituto aliena: de qua alibi in <expan abbr="c&otilde;menta">commenta</expan> <lb/>riis rerum <expan abbr="mathematicar&utilde;">mathematicarum</expan> tran&longs;egimus. Tentabo tamen atque eni <lb/>tar <expan abbr="qu&atilde;tum">quantum</expan> hic conferat ita loqui: ut qui ingenio ualeas/facile in <lb/>telligas multa/unde totam rem po&longs;tea ex te <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;equaris">con&longs;equaris</expan>. Ob&longs;curio <lb/>ra forta&longs;&longs;is qu&aelig; <expan abbr="uideb&utilde;tur/&longs;i">uidebuntur/&longs;i</expan> libebit ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan> tenere ex <expan abbr="c&otilde;menta">commenta</expan> <lb/>riis ip&longs;is petita percipies. Nos quidem fundamenta diffinientes <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ueuimus lineas dirigere/quas radices <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupamus/hunc">nuncupamus/hunc</expan> inmo <lb/>dum: A media enim fronte operis/ad <expan abbr="po&longs;tic&utilde;">po&longs;ticum</expan> protendo lineam: <lb/>ad cuius dimidiam longitudinem figo telluri clauum: per quam <lb/><expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;uer&longs;am">tran&longs;uer&longs;am</expan> duco ex <expan abbr="geometror&utilde;">geometrorum</expan> monitis <expan abbr="ppendicular&etilde;">ppendicularem</expan>. Itaque ad <lb/>ha&longs;ce duas lineas/quicqd <expan abbr="demeti&etilde;dum">demetiendum</expan> e&longs;t redigo: &longs;uccedunt <expan abbr="o&itilde;a">oina</expan> <lb/>belli&longs;&longs;ime: pr&aelig;&longs;to &longs;unt <expan abbr="&aelig;quidi&longs;t&atilde;tes">&aelig;quidi&longs;tantes</expan> certi&longs;&longs;imi finiuntur anguli: <lb/>partes ptibus <expan abbr="re&longs;pond&etilde;t/apteque">re&longs;pondent/apteque</expan> <expan abbr="conforman&ttilde;">conformantur</expan>. Quod &longs;i forte <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> <lb/>ut interiectis parietibus ueterum &aelig;dificiorum <expan abbr="capt&atilde;di">captandi</expan> anguli ter <lb/><expan abbr="min&utilde;">minum</expan> ac &longs;edem radio ui&longs;us expedire nota&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> queas: tibi &aelig;que <lb/><expan abbr="di&longs;t&atilde;tes">di&longs;tantes</expan> line&aelig; <expan abbr="duc&etilde;d&aelig;">ducend&aelig;</expan> &longs;unt ea/qua libera et expedita patebit uia: <lb/>hinc &longs;ignato inter&longs;ectionis puncto/cum gnomonis/tum diametri <lb/>productione/tum etiam aliis <expan abbr="&aelig;quedi&longs;t&atilde;tibus">&aelig;quedi&longs;tantibus</expan> ad normam coequa <lb/>tis lineis rem pulcherrime a&longs;&longs;equemur. Neque erit non acc<gap/> moda <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum radios ui&longs;us locis &longs;upereminentibus terminare linea: 
<pb/>quo illinc dimi&longs;&longs;o perpendiculo certa pr&aelig;&longs;tetur directio atque pro <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;io. Signatis perinde lineis et angulis <expan abbr="fo&longs;&longs;ion&utilde;">fo&longs;&longs;ionum</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniret">conueniret</expan> qui <lb/>dem <expan abbr="oculor&utilde;">oculorum</expan> et intuitus uim habere/qualem per h&aelig;c habui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="t&etilde;">tem</expan> <lb/>pora hi&longs;panum <expan abbr="qu&etilde;piam">quempiam</expan> fabulantur. qui aquarum uenas p terr&aelig; <lb/>intima &longs;erpientes/ non &longs;ecus di&longs;ternebat ac &longs;i in aperto fluerent: <lb/>Tanta &longs;ub terra &longs;uccedunt incognita: quibus non tuto onus et im <lb/>pen&longs;am &aelig;dificationis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;tin&etilde;dam">&longs;ub&longs;tinendam</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;mittas">committas</expan>. Et oportet profecto <lb/>cum toto &aelig;dificio/ tum pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ip&longs;is fundamentis nihil negli <lb/>gere: in quo cauti et <expan abbr="circ&utilde;&longs;pecti">circun&longs;pecti</expan> &aelig;dificatoris ratio et <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> de <lb/>&longs;iderari po&longs;&longs;it: quando in c&aelig;teris &longs;iquid <expan abbr="errat&utilde;">erratum</expan> e&longs;t/l&aelig;dit leuius: <lb/>et emendatur facilius: et perfertur <expan abbr="c&otilde;modius">commodius</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in <expan abbr="f&utilde;damentis">fundamentis</expan>: in <lb/>quibus nulla errati excu&longs;atio admittenda e&longs;t. At ueteres/quod <lb/>fau&longs;tum et felix &longs;it/fodito inquiunt/u&longs;que dum &longs;olidum inuenias. <lb/>Habet enim tellus &longs;ubduplices et multiplices cutes: alias &longs;abulo <lb/>&longs;as: alias hareno&longs;as: alias calculo&longs;as et eiu&longs;modi: &longs;ub quibus ordi <lb/>ne uario et incerto den&longs;a et concreta &longs;ub&longs;titit cutis/ferendis &aelig;difi <lb/>ciis ualidi&longs;&longs;ima. Qu&aelig; et ip&longs;a quidem uaria <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: neque c&aelig;teris &longs;ui ge <lb/>neris ulla pene in re &longs;imilis: Sed alibi duri&longs;&longs;ima et ferro prope in <lb/>expugnabilis: alibi cra&longs;&longs;ior: alibi nigricans: alibi albicans: quam <lb/>c&aelig;teris <expan abbr="imbecillior&etilde;">imbecilliorem</expan> plerique <expan abbr="put&atilde;t">putant</expan>: Alibi cretamo&longs;a: alibi tofinea: <lb/>alibi ex <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="d&atilde;">dam</expan> argille genere imixta glarea: De qbu&longs; omibu&longs; <expan abbr="quen&atilde;">quenam</expan> <lb/>&longs;it optima <expan abbr="cert&utilde;">certum</expan> dari aliud <expan abbr="null&utilde;">nullum</expan> <expan abbr="iudici&utilde;">iudicium</expan> pote&longs;t. preter <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan>: Vt <lb/>eam probent: qu&aelig; <expan abbr="errf&utilde;">errfum</expan> egre excipiat: qu&aelig; ue aqua <expan abbr="&itilde;mi&longs;&longs;a">immi&longs;&longs;a</expan> minime <lb/><expan abbr="dl&longs;&longs;olua&ttilde;">dl&longs;&longs;oluatur</expan>. Et <expan abbr="&longs;olid&utilde;">&longs;olidum</expan> ea de re <expan abbr="null&utilde;">nullum</expan> haberi <expan abbr="put&atilde;t">putant</expan> certiu&longs; atque <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;t&atilde;">con&longs;tam</expan> <lb/>tiu&longs;. <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod ad <expan abbr="aqu&atilde;">aquam</expan> pterre ui&longs;cera <expan abbr="&longs;caturient&etilde;">&longs;caturientem</expan> &longs;ub&longs;it. Nos uero <lb/>doctos et peritos omnes incolas et uicinos architectos <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ulendos">con&longs;ulendos</expan> <lb/>putamus: Qui quidem &amp; ueterum &aelig;dificiorum exemplo: et po <lb/>nendorum indies u&longs;u recte i&longs;tius: &aelig;difices: regionis &longs;olum quale <lb/>&longs;it &amp; quid ualeat facile didici&longs;&longs;e potuere. Lantur tamen argu <lb/>menta de &longs;oli firmitate pr&aelig;tentanda &amp; congno&longs;cenda. Nam ubi <lb/>graue aliquid per &longs;olum prouolutaris/ aut exalto cadentem dimi <lb/>leris: &amp; non &longs;ubcor tremuerit locus: aut aquam / expatina / illic <lb/>&longs;tatuta / cri&longs;pantem non reddiderit: nimirum firmitatem i&longs;tic <lb/>polliceri inter petrabimur. Tu tamen &longs;olidum inuenies non 
<pb/>&longs;emp omni in loco: Sed dabitur regio uti e&longs;t apud <expan abbr="Adri&atilde;">Adriam</expan> apudque<lb/>Venetias/ubi &longs;ub <expan abbr="c&otilde;ge&longs;titia">conge&longs;titia</expan> inuenias aliud nihil ferme pr&aelig;ter &longs;o <lb/>lutum limum. Diuer&longs;a igitur tibi erit fundationis ratio/ pro lo <lb/><expan abbr="cor&utilde;">corum</expan> diuer&longs;ittate exequenda. Locorum alius elatus/alius depre&longs; <lb/>&longs;us: alius inter h&aelig;c medius/utputa qui accliuis &longs;it: hic adeo alius <lb/>&longs;iccior et aridior: uti &longs;unt pr&aelig;&longs;ertim montium iuga et uertices: <lb/>Alius penitus madens et infu&longs;us: uti e&longs;t qui apud mare: apud lacu <lb/>nas et intra <expan abbr="c&otilde;ualles">conualles</expan> &longs;ub&longs;idat: Alius ita e&longs;t po&longs;itus/ut neque &longs;iccus <lb/>omnino: neque penitus <expan abbr="mad&etilde;s">madens</expan> &longs;empiterne &longs;it: uti natura &longs;ui &longs;unt ac <lb/>cliuia: ut quibus aqu&aelig; non per&longs;i&longs;tunt <expan abbr="&itilde;mot&aelig;">immot&aelig;</expan> et contabe&longs;centes: <lb/>&longs;ed lap&longs;u aliquo p pronum deducuntur. Nullis locis ilico fiden <lb/>dum e&longs;t inuento quod ferrum re&longs;puat: po&longs;&longs;et enim id e&longs;&longs;e in cam <lb/>pe&longs;tri parte ue et infirmum: ex quo maxima ia <gap/>tura et totius ope <lb/>ris <expan abbr="ru&itilde;a">ruina</expan> olim <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;equere&ttilde;">con&longs;equeretur</expan>. No&longs;que <expan abbr="uid&imacr;us">uidinus</expan> <expan abbr="turr&itilde;">turrim</expan> apud <expan abbr="Mne&longs;tor&etilde;/Ve">Mne&longs;toren/Ve</expan> <lb/>netiarum oppidum/que po&longs;t annos aliquot &quml; ab&longs;oluta <expan abbr="extitit/p&otilde;">extitit/pom</expan> <lb/>dere &longs;ui perfora<gap/>o cui incumbat &longs;olo/ uti res mon&longs;trauit/ tenui et <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;becilli">imbecilli</expan> ad <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;ma">&longs;umma</expan> u&longs;que ppugnacula <expan abbr="&itilde;mer&longs;um">immer&longs;um</expan> ierit: quo magis incul <lb/><expan abbr="p&atilde;di">pandi</expan> &longs;unt q <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;olido i&longs;tiu&longs;modi a natura &longs;ub&longs;trato et &longs;ub&longs;tituto <lb/>pr&aelig;cipue ut ferat &aelig;dificia: &longs;ed uel maceric ali&quml; ueteris <expan abbr="ru&itilde;&aelig;">ruin&aelig;</expan> <expan abbr="inu&etilde;">inuem</expan> <lb/>ta/non eam quanta et qualis &longs;it funditus per&longs;crutantur: Sed in ea <lb/>pr&aelig;altos parietes attollunt incon&longs;iderate: et minuend&aelig; impen&longs;&aelig; <lb/>auiditate/omnem &aelig;dificationem ultro perdunt. Pr&aelig;clare iccirco <lb/>admonentur/ut omniu n primi fodiantur putei: Id quidem cum <lb/>c&aelig;teras ob res/tum ut aperti&longs;&longs;ime pateat <expan abbr="qu&atilde;ti">quanti</expan> qu&aelig;que &longs;e&longs;e habeat <lb/>cutis ad opus tolerandum aut <expan abbr="infirmand&utilde;">infirmandum</expan>. Accedit quod ad mul <lb/>tas rerum agendarum <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditates">commoditates</expan> et aqua inuent<gap/> et qu&aelig; <expan abbr="eger&atilde;">egeram</expan> <lb/>tur conferet. Accedit etiam quod hinc adaperta re&longs;piratio a &longs;ubter<gap/>a <lb/>neis exalationum motibus tutam ill&aelig;&longs;amque pr&aelig;&longs;tabit &aelig;dificio fir <lb/>mitatem. Itaque &longs;eu puteo/&longs;eu ci&longs;terna/&longs;eu cloaca/&longs;eu quauis pro <lb/><expan abbr="f&utilde;diore">fundiore</expan> fo&longs;&longs;ione recognitis qu&aelig; &longs;ub terra <expan abbr="latitab&atilde;t">latitabant</expan> <expan abbr="cutibus/c&otilde;mo">cutibus/commo</expan> <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="elig&etilde;da">eligenda</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;/cui">en/cui</expan> opus <expan abbr="c&otilde;mittas">committas</expan>. Tum et elato et <expan abbr="quoc&utilde;que">quocunque</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> loco: unde <expan abbr="proflu&etilde;s">profluens</expan> <expan abbr="&utilde;da">unda</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;uellere">conuellere</expan> aut a&longs;portare <expan abbr="quippi&atilde;">quippiam</expan> ualeat: <lb/><expan abbr="profundior&etilde;">profundiorem</expan> <expan abbr="o&imacr;no">oinno</expan> <expan abbr="&imacr;duxi&longs;&longs;e">induxi&longs;&longs;e</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am <expan abbr="c&otilde;feret">conferet</expan>. N&auml; a&longs;&longs;idua <expan abbr="imbri&utilde;">imbrium</expan> ite <lb/>ratione <expan abbr="m&otilde;tes">montes</expan> ip&longs;os ablui/ab&longs;tergi atque pinde <expan abbr="&imacr;minui">imminui</expan> inditio <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: qd 
<pb/>extantes &longs;pecul&aelig; indies expeditius ui&longs;untur: qu&aelig; interiecto mon <lb/>tis primitus non apparebant. Maurelius mons qui &longs;upra Floren <lb/>tiam e&longs;t/patrum no&longs;trorum &aelig;tate multa uirebat abiete: At nunc <lb/>nudus et a&longs;per relictus e&longs;t/imbrium ni fallor ab&longs;ter&longs;ionibus.</s>
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<s>Decliuibus areis iubebat Iunius Columella inferiori a parte et lo <lb/>co pre&longs;&longs;iore fundamenta ordiri au&longs;picaremur: Perite id quidem: <lb/><expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> pr&aelig;ter id/quod illic iacta/et pr&aelig;&longs;tructa admodum &longs;uis co <lb/>aptata locis per&longs;i&longs;tent: qua&longs;i fultura ualida <expan abbr="renit&etilde;tur">renitentur</expan> aducr&longs;us ea: <lb/>qu&aelig; mox &longs;i &aelig;des prolatare libuerit/ad partem &longs;uperiorem appli <lb/>cabuntur: Fiet etiam ut qu&aelig; forta&longs;&longs;is uitia &longs;ub&longs;equi ad i&longs;tiu&longs;moi <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;iones interdum &longs;oleant hyante &longs;olo atque labente/minus te la <lb/>teant: minu&longs;que noceant. Paludo&longs;is in locis laxam adapire fo&longs;&longs;am <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;uenit">conuenit</expan>: fo&longs;&longs;&aelig;que latera palis/cratibus/tabula/alga/limo et i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi rebus munienda hinc atque hinc: ne aqua &longs;ubinfiuat: Mox ex <lb/>haurienda &longs;iqua re&longs;idua intra munitiones ine&longs;t aqua: egerendaque<lb/>harena: abruendu&longs;que luto&longs;us alueus funditus: quoad inuenias ubi <lb/>pes ue&longs;tigio &longs;i&longs;tat. Idem ip&longs;um &longs;abulo&longs;o in &longs;olo quoad res po&longs;tu <lb/>let faciundum e&longs;t. C&aelig;terum omnis fo&longs;&longs;ionis fundum ad libellam <lb/>plane <expan abbr="coequ&atilde;dum">coequandum</expan> e&longs;t: ne quam in partem u&longs;piam &longs;it decliue/quo <lb/>imponenda coequatis ponderibus collibrentur: Habet enim pon <lb/>dus in &longs;e hoc in&longs;itum et <expan abbr="&itilde;natum">innatum</expan>: ut depre&longs;&longs;iora &longs;emper oppetat et <lb/>opprimat. Sunt qu&aelig; in palu&longs;tribus fieri iubent/&longs;ed magis ad &longs;tru <lb/>cturam &quml; ad fundationis rem <expan abbr="pertine&atilde;t">pertineant</expan>: Atqui &longs;ic enim iubent. <lb/>Sudium et palorum copiam cacumine pr&aelig;u&longs;to/<gap/>de inuer&longs;o ad <lb/>&longs;ublime figito: ut &longs;it operis huius area lata <expan abbr="duplo/&qtilde;">duplo/quae</expan> futurus e&longs;t <lb/>murus: &longs;intque pali ad muri futuri <expan abbr="altitudinem/l&otilde;gi">altitudinem/longi</expan> nihilominus <lb/>una partium ex octo: &longs;intque cra&longs;&longs;i ut ad &longs;ui longitudinem/ita ut <lb/>pars re&longs;pondeat nihil minus dnodecima denique conferti configan <lb/>tur quoad ubi plures interfigas aditus non pateat. <expan abbr="Configendor&utilde;">Configendorum</expan> <lb/>palorum machinas <expan abbr="utic&utilde;que">uticunque</expan> ill&aelig; &longs;int habere oportet malleos non <lb/>graui&longs;&longs;imos: &longs;ed crebro ictu incudentes: Nam pr&aelig;graues <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> &longs;int <lb/>pondere <expan abbr="&itilde;mani">immani</expan> impetuque intolerabili materiam protinus perfrin <lb/>gunt. Crebritas quidem omnem &longs;oli <expan abbr="c&otilde;tumaciam">contumaciam</expan> et peruicaciam <lb/>a&longs;&longs;iduitate la&longs;&longs;at et domitat. Videre licet ubi <expan abbr="tenu&etilde;">tenuem</expan> uelis duram 
<pb/>in materiam <expan abbr="clau&utilde;">clauum</expan> infigere. &longs;i malleo utaris graui/non &longs;uccedit: <lb/>&longs;i pu&longs;illo et apto/penetrabit. H&aelig;c de fo&longs;&longs;iombus hactenus: ni&longs;i <lb/>forte illud <expan abbr="add&etilde;dum">addendum</expan> &longs;it/quod interdum aut par&longs;imom&aelig; gratia/ <lb/>aut uitand&aelig; &longs;oli intermedii labilitatis cau&longs;a iuuat non una et con <lb/>tinuata fo&longs;&longs;a opus &longs;olidum perducere: &longs;ed interuallis intermi&longs;&longs;is: <lb/>qua&longs;i pilas tantum aut <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan> po&longs;ituri fundamus: quo inde ab al <lb/>teris ad alteras ductis arcubus/reliquus paries &longs;uperextollatur. <lb/>In his eadem <expan abbr="ob&longs;eru&atilde;da">ob&longs;eruanda</expan> &longs;unt/qu&aelig; u&longs;que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan>. Sed quo plus <lb/>oneris in ha&longs;ce impo&longs;iturus &longs;is: eo latiores et obfirmiores &longs;ubigas <lb/>fundationes atque pedamenta oportet.</s>
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<s>Hactenus de his: <expan abbr="Reliqu&utilde;">Reliquum</expan> e&longs;t ut &longs;tructuram aggrediamur. Sed <lb/>cu<gap/> tota fabri ars ordoque a&longs;truendi pendeat/partim ex <expan abbr="lapid&utilde;">lapidum</expan> na <lb/>tura/et forma/et habitudine: partim ex calcis fultur&aelig;que glutino <lb/>atque illigamentis. De his igitur prius breui&longs;&longs;ime recen&longs;enda &longs;unt <lb/>qu&aelig; ad rem <expan abbr="faci&atilde;t">faciant</expan>. Lapidum alii rediuiui et fortes et &longs;ucco&longs;i/qua <lb/>les &longs;unt/<gap/>ilex/marmora/et eiu&longs;modi: quibus innatum e&longs;t ut &longs;int <lb/>graues et &longs;onori: Alii exhau&longs;ti/leues/&longs;urdi: quales &longs;unt tofinei et <lb/>&longs;abulo&longs;i. Item <expan abbr="lapid&utilde;">lapidum</expan> alii plauis &longs;uperficiebus/rectis lincis/&aelig;qua <lb/>libus angulis: quos quadratos <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant">nuncupant</expan>: Alii &longs;upficiebus/lineis/ <lb/>angulis multiplicibus et uariis: quos incertos appellabimus. Rur <lb/>&longs;us lapides alii pr&aelig;grandes: hoc e&longs;t quos &longs;ingulos nud&aelig; <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> <lb/>manus ab&longs;que traha/uecte/rutulo et gerulis et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi agere ad <lb/>arbitrium nequeant: Alii minuti: quos uel una manu tollere collo <lb/>careque po&longs;&longs;is ex &longs;ententia. Tertii lapides inter i&longs;tos qui pondere <lb/>et magnitudine medii &longs;int/iu&longs;tos appellamus. Omnem lapidem <lb/>et integrum et minime luto&longs;um et bene madentem e&longs;&longs;e oportet: <lb/>Integer an qua&longs;&longs;atus &longs;it/indicabit &longs;onus quem &longs;ub ictu refert. Ab <lb/>lu<gap/>ur nullibi purius &quml; <expan abbr="torr&etilde;te">torrente</expan>. Non penitus <expan abbr="madid&utilde;">madidum</expan> reddi aquis <lb/>ante diem nonum &longs;atis con&longs;tat/qui iu&longs;tus &longs;it lapis: qui autem pr&aelig; <lb/>grandis/tardius: Nuper exemptus ex fodina/ longe ueterano <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>modior: Qui &longs;emel calcem expertus &longs;it lapis/&longs;ecunda non amat <lb/>coniugia. H&aelig;c de ip&longs;o lapide.</s>
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<s>Calcem <expan abbr="quid&etilde;/qu&aelig;">quiden/qu&aelig;</expan> ex fornace apportata glebis fuerit <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> integris <lb/>&longs;ed re&longs;olutis atque admodum puluerulo&longs;is/reprobant: et ualidam 
<pb/>futuram in opus negant: Eam probant / qu&aelig; ignibus perpurata <lb/>candicans et leuis et &longs;onora &longs;it: qu&aelig; ue cum a&longs;pergas multo crepi <lb/>tu/acrem uaporis uim in altum euomat. Superiori quod <expan abbr="impot&etilde;s">impotens</expan> <lb/>&longs;it/haren&aelig; minus deberi con&longs;tat: At ualidiori huic plus. Cato &longs;ta <lb/>tuebat in &longs;ingulos pedes dari calcis modium unum: haren&aelig; duos <lb/>Alii aliter. Vitruuius quidem atque item Plinius/harenas iubent <lb/>admi&longs;ceri: ut &longs;it ad fo&longs;&longs;iceas pars quarta: ad fluuiatiles atque mari <lb/>timas tertia. C&aelig;terum ubi pro lapidum natura et qualitate/uti <lb/>mox referemus/ materia futura erit/ liquidior et mollior/ in cer <lb/>niculis harena excipietur. Vbi uero &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior/tunc glarea angula <lb/>ris et fractionum minutalia admi&longs;cebuntur una cum harena ex di <lb/>midia. Tertiam &longs;i tun&longs;&aelig; te&longs;t&aelig; partem adieceris affirmant omnes <lb/>futuram multo tenaciorem. Tu tamen uticumque mi&longs;cucris/ ite <lb/>rum atque iterum &longs;ubigas oportet: ad minutorum u&longs;que corpu&longs;culo <lb/>rum <expan abbr="c&otilde;mixtionem">commixtionem</expan>: Et &longs;unt ea de re qui probe <expan abbr="c&otilde;mi&longs;cendi">commi&longs;cendi</expan> gratia <lb/>mortariis diutius uer&longs;ant atque intundunt. Et de calce quoque hacte <lb/>nus: Ni forte his qu&aelig; diximus/illud de&longs;it: calcem &longs;uis et pr&aelig;&longs;er <lb/>tim cadem ex fodina/ cognitis lapidibus/ tenacius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cum exter <lb/>nis coherere.</s>
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<s>Pedamentis extruendis: hoc e&longs;t fundamentis ad aream u&longs;que com <lb/><expan abbr="plendis/quidn&atilde;">plendis/quidnam</expan> moneant nihil inuenio apud ueteres/ pr&aelig;ter <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> <lb/>illud: ut lapidem/ qui &longs;ub diuo/uti &longs;upra diximus/biennium ha <lb/>bitus uitium fecerit/ fundamentis coniicias. Nam ueluti im mi <lb/>litia de&longs;ides et imbelles/qui perferre &longs;olem et puluerem <expan abbr="neque&atilde;t">nequeant</expan>: <lb/>domum ad &longs;uos non &longs;ine nota remittuntur: Sic et i&longs;tic molles et <lb/><gap/>neruatos lapides reiiciunt: ut pri&longs;tino in ocio/ a&longs;&longs;uetaque in um <lb/>bra ignobiles conquie&longs;cant: Tam et&longs;i apud hi&longs;toricos a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>in terra comperiam ueteres ponendis pedamentis/omni indu&longs;tria <lb/>et diligentia eniti: ut e&longs;&longs;et illic &longs;tructura/quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;et <lb/>omni ex parte nihilominus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in c&aelig;tero muro &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;ima. Nice <lb/>rini filius &aelig;gyptiorum rex A&longs;ithim/cuius id fuit inftitutum: ut <lb/>qui &aelig;re alieno tenerentur/patris cadauer in pignus darent/ lateri <lb/><expan abbr="ti&atilde;">tiam</expan> &longs;tructurus pyramidem/fundamentis iaciundis pr&aelig;fixit in pa <lb/>lude trabes: hi&longs;que &longs;uperduxit lateres. Memori&aelig; quoque <expan abbr="prodit&utilde;">proditum</expan> e&longs;t 
<pb/>Cre&longs;iphum optimum illum: qui celeberrimum Dian&aelig; tem<gap/>um <lb/>apud ephe&longs;um a&longs;truxit cum &longs;ibi locum delegi&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="plan&utilde;">planum</expan> et<gap/>mun <lb/>ctum: qui demum a terr&aelig;motibus futurus ei<gap/>r immunis: p<gap/>i <lb/>pio/ne lubrico illic atque parum &longs;tabili in &longs;olo/tant&aelig; molis &longs;unda <lb/>menta temere collocarentur/ &longs;traui&longs;&longs;e aiunt calcatis carbonibus: <lb/>Deinde uelleribus tantum palorum media interualla expleri cio <lb/>berrimo carbone atque <expan abbr="inc&otilde;culcari/et">inconculcari/et</expan> mox quadrata &longs;uperextendi <lb/>&longs;axa iuncturis &quml; longi&longs;&longs;imis. Comperio et apud hyero&longs;olimam <lb/>in fundamentis publicorum operum fui&longs;&longs;e qui lapides ponerent <lb/>longos uigenos: altos non minus denos cubitos. Verum alibi ex <lb/>per<gap/>&longs;&longs;imorum ueterum ampli&longs;&longs;imis operibus aduerti uarium il <lb/>lis fui&longs;&longs;e modum atque in&longs;titutum complendis fundamentis. Ad <lb/>&longs;epulchrum Antoniorum fragmentis pr&aelig;duri lapidis non maiori <lb/>bus &quml; ut manum impleant/natante cemento compleuere. In foro <lb/>argentario ex cemento omnis generis fractorum &longs;axorum: Apud <lb/>Comitium fru&longs;tis &quml; glebis ex lapide ignobili &longs;ub&longs;tri xerc. Sed hi <lb/>mihi perplacuere: qui apud Tarpeiam imitati naturam &longs;um ope <lb/>re collibus pr&aelig;&longs;ertim apti&longs;&longs;imo. Nam ueluti &longs;truendis montibus <lb/>illa &longs;olidis lapidibus molliorem materiam intermi&longs;<gap/>t: Sic hi du <lb/>um pedum &longs;ub&longs;trauere opus quadrato &quml; potuere integro lapide. <lb/>Huic &longs;uperinfundere quoque duum pedum qua&longs;i pultem cementi <lb/>tiam: Atque &longs;ic deinceps alternis ordinibus lapidum et pulte fun <lb/>damenta oppleuere. Alibi cum glarea fo&longs;&longs;ili: tum et item collec <lb/>titio &longs;axo/firmi&longs;&longs;ima uidi a maioribus facta per&longs;tare po&longs;t multas <lb/>&aelig;tates opera fundamentorum huiu&longs;modi et &longs;tructuras: Apud Eo <lb/>noniam turris excel&longs;&aelig; atque firmiffim&aelig;/cum demoliretur inuenta <lb/>fundamenta &longs;unt infarcita &longs;axo globo&longs;o &amp; creta ad cubito&longs; fer <lb/>me &longs;ex: C&aelig;tera deinceps a&longs;tructura erant calce. Itaque uaria in his <lb/>ratio e&longs;t: &amp; qd horum preceteris probem non facile dixerim tam <lb/>exomni i&longs;torum genere inuenio: quod longe <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> &amp; uali <lb/>di&longs;&longs;imum exi&longs;tat: Sed par&longs;imonie <expan abbr="in&longs;eruiend&utilde;">in&longs;eruiendum</expan> &longs;tatuo modo rude <lb/>ra &amp; que putrebilia &longs;int non p fundas: Sunt &amp; alia <expan abbr="pedam&etilde;torum">pedamentorum</expan> <lb/>genera: Vnum qdem porticibus &amp; locis his debetur: Vbi <expan abbr="col&utilde;">colum</expan> <lb/>narum ordines con&longs;tituantur: aliud quo maritimis utimur lo<gap/>s: 
<pb/>ubi &longs;olidi ad arbitrium captandi &longs;oli certa facultas non pateat. <lb/>De m<gap/>ritimis tum dicemus/ cum de portu et mole intra profun <lb/>dum mare &longs;i&longs;tenda tractabimus: Nam pertinet id quidem non <lb/>ad uniuer&longs;orum &aelig;dificiorum opus/ de qua re hic loquimur: &longs;ed <lb/>ad propriam urbis partem quandam: de qua una cum aliis &longs;ui ge <lb/>neris tractabimus: cum de publicis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi operibus membra <lb/>tim referemus. Ordinibus igitur columnarum complere in ob <lb/>longum fo&longs;&longs;am totam non e&longs;t opus perpetuato &longs;tructur&aelig; ductu: <lb/>&longs;ed columnarum ip&longs;arum primo &longs;edem cubiliaque conuenit <gap/>ir <lb/>mare: Hinc ab altero ad alterum/quoadque horum ducendi &longs;unt <lb/>arcus/dor&longs;o in pro&longs;undum inuer&longs;o: ut ei pro corda &longs;it ex area pla <lb/>nities: Sic enim unum in locum plura hinc atque hinc &longs;uperadiecta <lb/>pondera/ minus erunt ad perforandum &longs;olum prompta/ arcuum <lb/>fultura i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ob&longs;i&longs;tente. Et &quml; &longs;int column&aelig; ad &longs;olum perfo <lb/>randum apt&aelig;: et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> courgeant pre&longs;&longs;entque pondera in eas po&longs;ita/in <lb/>ditio e&longs;t ad nobile Ve&longs;pa&longs;iani templum angulus: qui ad <expan abbr="&aelig;&longs;tiu&utilde;">&aelig;&longs;tiuum</expan> <lb/>occa&longs;um uergit: Nam cum illic uiam publicam/are&aelig; angulo in <lb/>terceptam reddere peruiam uolui&longs;&longs;ent/paulula facta ad inter are <lb/>am diuer&longs;ione forniceque per templi &longs;tructuram adacta: angulum <lb/>ip&longs;um qua&longs;i pilam ad ui&aelig; latus reliquerunt: et confirmarunt ope <lb/>ris &longs;oliditate anteridi&longs;que &longs;ub&longs;idio. At is tandem premente ua&longs;ta <lb/>&aelig;dificii mole/et indulgente &longs;olo fecit uitium. De his &longs;atis.</s>
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<s>Iactis fundamentis expeditus in&longs;equitur paries. Hic illud pr&aelig;ter <lb/>mi&longs;i&longs;&longs;<gap/> nolim: quod cum ad fundamenta complenda/ tum ad to <lb/>tos parietes ab&longs;oluendos pertineat: Nam ua&longs;tis quidem in &aelig;difi <lb/>ciis/ubi cra&longs;&longs;ior futura <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> moles e&longs;t ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fuudam&etilde;tis">fuudamentis</expan> me <lb/><expan abbr="di&utilde;">dium</expan> p opus ad <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mum">&longs;ummum</expan> u&longs;que relinquenda &longs;unt aperta extuaria &longs;pira <lb/>mentaque non penitus interrara: Vnde &longs;iquid uaporis concreti et <lb/>coacti &longs;ub tellure moueatur/ libere id ab&longs;que ulla &longs;tructur&aelig; perni <lb/>cie profu&longs;e po&longs;&longs;it exalare. Veteres huiu&longs;modi non nullis in locis <lb/>cum i&longs;tius ip&longs;ius rei gratia/ tum et <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditatis">commoditatis</expan>: quo in <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mum">&longs;ummum</expan> <lb/>opus a&longs;cen&longs;us pateat: tum et forta&longs;&longs;is impen&longs;&aelig; minuend&aelig; cau&longs;a <lb/>&longs;calam cocleam intimum perducebant. Ad rem redeo. Inter pe <lb/>damentum atque expeditum parietem hoc intere&longs;t: quod id lateribus 
<pb/>fo&longs;&longs;&aelig; coadiutum con&longs;tare &longs;ola pote&longs;t infarctura: hic alter pleri&longs;que<lb/>componitur/ uti mox referam partibus. In pariete primari&aelig; in <lb/>&longs;unt partes: ima qu&aelig; ilico &longs;upra fundamenti infarcturam &longs;urgit: <lb/>hanc &longs;i ita licet appellabimus podium &longs;ugge&longs;tum ue: Media qu&aelig; <lb/>parietem <expan abbr="circ&utilde;ambit">circunambit</expan> atque amplectitur: hanc procintum dicunt. <lb/>Suprema hoc e&longs;t pars ea qu&aelig; ultimum parietis illaqueamentum <lb/>habeat: hanc demum coronam nuncupant. Sunt et inter prima <lb/>rias parietum partes uel in primis pr&aelig;cipue anguli et in&longs;ert&aelig; con <lb/>cept&aelig;que &longs;eu pil&aelig;/&longs;eu column&aelig;/&longs;eu quiduis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi: quod qui <lb/>dem &longs;ub&longs;tinendis trabeationibus arcubu&longs;o, tectorum illic colum <lb/>narum &longs;unt loco: qu&aelig; omnia appellatione <expan abbr="o&longs;i&imacr;um">o&longs;iinum</expan> ueniunt. Sunt <lb/>et apertionum &longs;tantia hinc atque hinc labra: qu&aelig; angulorum <expan abbr="col&utilde;">colum</expan> <lb/>narumque in&longs;imul naturam &longs;apiunt. Pr&aelig;terea et apertionum tec <lb/>tum hoc e&longs;t &longs;uperliminare/&longs;iue recto &longs;it po&longs;itum trabe: &longs;iue arcu <lb/>ducto ip&longs;a/ inter o&longs;&longs;a computabitur: Nam e&longs;&longs;e arcum quidem <lb/>non aliud dicam/&quml; deflexam trabem: et trabem quid aliud q in <lb/>tran&longs;uer&longs;um po&longs;itam columnam: Qu&aelig; autem inter has primari <lb/>as partes intercurrunt atque extenduntur/recte complementa nun <lb/>cupabuntur. Vniuer&longs;o etiam in pariete aliquid e&longs;&longs;e quod ip&longs;um <lb/>cunctis/quas hic recen&longs;uimus/partibus conueniat: hoc e&longs;t media <lb/>muri infarcinatio: et gemini hinc atque hinc &longs;eu coria nuncupes: <lb/>&longs;eu cortices: quorum alter extrin&longs;ecos uentos &longs;olemque excipiat: <lb/>alter inte&longs;tinam are&aelig; umbram foueat. Sed corticis <expan abbr="infarcinam&etilde;">infarcinamen</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="tor&utilde;que">torunque</expan> inter &longs;e ratio pro &longs;tructur&aelig; uarietate uaria e&longs;t. Structur&aelig; <lb/>genera funt h&aelig;c: ordinarium: <expan abbr="rheticulat&utilde;">rheticulatum</expan>: incertum. Et hic illud <lb/>Varronis <expan abbr="n&otilde;nihil">nonnihil</expan> faciet ad rem: quod refert tu&longs;culanos quidem <lb/>&longs;eptos ad uillas ducere &longs;tructura ex lapide. In agro uero gallico <lb/>ex coctilibus lateribus: In &longs;abinis crudo: per hi&longs;panias terra ex <lb/>lapillis compo&longs;ita &aelig;dificare. Sed de his po&longs;tea. Ordinaria ea &longs;truc <lb/>tura e&longs;t in qua lapides quadrati/&longs;eu iu&longs;ti/&longs;eu potius pr&aelig;grandes <lb/><expan abbr="coaugum&etilde;tanrur">coaugumentanrur</expan>: ita ut &longs;int &longs;uis lineis ordine ad regulam <expan abbr="libell&atilde;">libellam</expan> <lb/>et <expan abbr="perpendicul&utilde;">perpendiculum</expan> po&longs;iti: Qua &longs;tructura nulla e&longs;t firmior/nulla <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>&longs;tantior. Rheticulata ea e&longs;t in qua lapides quadrati &longs;eu iu&longs;ti &longs;eu <lb/>potius minuti <expan abbr="pon&utilde;tur">ponuntur</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> iacentes in latus/&longs;ed in <expan abbr="angul&utilde;">angulum</expan> &longs;tantes 
<pb/>fronte ad regulam et ppendiculum expo&longs;ita. Incerta ea e&longs;t in qua <lb/>lapis incertus ita in&longs;eritur/ut quodque latus quoad p eius lineas li <lb/>cuerit <expan abbr="c&otilde;tigui">contigui</expan> lapidis lateribus h&aelig;reat ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan>. Huiu&longs;modi la <lb/><expan abbr="pid&utilde;">pidum</expan> adiunctionibus in &longs;ilicea <expan abbr="uiar&utilde;">uiarum</expan> &longs;tructura utimur.</s>
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<s>C&aelig;terum his generibus uariis locis uarie utemur: Nam ad <expan abbr="podi&utilde;">podium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cru&longs;t&atilde;">cru&longs;tam</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ni&longs;i quadrato ponemus lapide <expan abbr="pr&aelig;gr&atilde;di">pr&aelig;grandi</expan> pr&aelig;duro. quod &longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tructur&atilde;">&longs;tructuram</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e/uti diximus quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it/ <expan abbr="integr&atilde;">integram</expan> <lb/>et <expan abbr="&longs;olidi&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">&longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> oportet: Et toto ip&longs;o in muro <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;t &longs;oliditate <lb/>firmitateque opus maiore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tic: Quid <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> unico &longs;i queas lapide: aut <lb/>certe numero <expan abbr="lapid&utilde;">lapidum</expan> firmabis eo: qui ad unius <expan abbr="integritat&etilde;">integritatem</expan> perpe <lb/><expan abbr="tuitat&etilde;que">tuitatenque</expan> &longs;it <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> proximus. Pr&aelig;grandis <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quo <expan abbr="argum&etilde;to">argumento</expan> la <lb/>pis <expan abbr="tracte&ttilde;">tractetur</expan> atque admoueatur: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> id genus uel maxime ad orna <lb/><expan abbr="ment&utilde;">mentum</expan> &longs;pectat: &longs;uo dicemus loco: Atqui ducito/inquit Cato/ ex <lb/>firmo lapide et calce uti &longs;upra <expan abbr="terr&atilde;">terram</expan> opus extet pedes: <expan abbr="reliqu&atilde;">reliquam</expan> ue <lb/>ro parietis partem/uel <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> crudo &longs;i libeat latere fieri non uetant. <lb/>Hunc ea ratione hic <expan abbr="mot&utilde;">motum</expan> in promptu e&longs;t: quod guttis <expan abbr="&longs;tillanti&utilde;">&longs;tillantium</expan> ex <lb/>tectis <expan abbr="imbri&utilde;">imbrium</expan> ea parietis pars <expan abbr="abrodi&ttilde;">abroditur</expan>. Sed nos <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <expan abbr="ueter&utilde;">ueterum</expan> &aelig;dificia <lb/>repetimus intuemurque/ <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> alibi pa&longs;&longs;im has recte <expan abbr="conditor&utilde;">conditorum</expan> &aelig;difi <lb/><expan abbr="cior&utilde;">ciorum</expan> partes pr&aelig;duro e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;titutas lapide: tum et apud eas gen <lb/>tes/ubi <expan abbr="pluuiar&utilde;">pluuiarum</expan> iniuriam <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="uerean&ttilde;">uereantur</expan>: &longs;ui&longs;&longs;e qui ad <expan abbr="pyramid&etilde;">pyramidem</expan> ro <lb/>tam &longs;ub&longs;trauerint ba&longs;im apud <expan abbr="&aelig;gypt&utilde;">&aelig;gyptum</expan> nigro lapide pr&aelig;duro: fit <lb/>ut rem latius interpreter: Nam ueluti in ferro &aelig;re ac c&aelig;teris eiu&longs; <lb/>modi/&longs;i iterato atque iterato <expan abbr="inc&otilde;trarias">incontrarias</expan> partes <expan abbr="inflectan&ttilde;">inflectantur</expan> <expan abbr="fati&longs;c&utilde;t">fati&longs;cunt</expan>: <lb/>et po&longs;tremo la&longs;&longs;ata <expan abbr="r&utilde;puntur">rumpuntur</expan>: Ita et corpora alternis <expan abbr="offen&longs;i&otilde;ibus">offen&longs;ionibus</expan> <lb/>lace&longs;&longs;ita maxime <expan abbr="uitian&ttilde;">uitiantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="corr&utilde;pun&ttilde;">corrumpuntur</expan>. <expan abbr="Qu&atilde;">Quam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> ip&longs;am aduerti <lb/>ex <expan abbr="p&otilde;tibus">pontibus</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ligneis: Nam qu&aelig; partes <expan abbr="tempor&utilde;">temporum</expan> uici&longs;&longs;itu <lb/>dinibus modo &longs;icc&aelig; &longs;olis radio et <expan abbr="uentor&utilde;">uentorum</expan> afflatu: modo <expan abbr="mad&etilde;tes">madentes</expan> <lb/>nocturnis aqu&aelig; <expan abbr="uaporat&otilde;ibus">uaporatonibus</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>: eas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> oci&longs;&longs;ime reddi exe&longs;as <lb/>atque penitus cario&longs;as uidemus. Ip&longs;um <expan abbr="id&etilde;">idem</expan> licet uidere ex <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> <lb/>partibus his qu&aelig; im&aelig; propter <expan abbr="&longs;ol&utilde;">&longs;olum</expan> extent: Nam alternis <expan abbr="humor&utilde;">humorum</expan> <lb/>et pulueris <expan abbr="c&otilde;taminati&otilde;ibus">contaminationibus</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;maceran&ttilde;">commacerantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="abrod&utilde;&ttilde;">abroduntur</expan>. Qua de re <lb/>ip&longs;e &longs;ic &longs;tatuo totius &aelig;dificii podium/duro et firmi&longs;&longs;imo et pr&aelig; <lb/>grandi lapide a&longs;truendum: quo crebris <expan abbr="contrarior&utilde;">contrariorum</expan> offen&longs;ionibus <lb/>tuti&longs;&longs;imum per&longs;eueret: Et duri&longs;&longs;imi quales &longs;int lapides/&longs;at libro 
<pb/>&longs;ecun lo recen&longs;uimus.</s>
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<s>Verum lapides ip&longs;i cum i&longs;tic/ tum et alibi permaxime intere&longs;t <lb/>quo ponantur contextu atque connexu in opere: Nam ueluti ligno <lb/>ita et lapidi in&longs;unt <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> uen&aelig;/tum et nodi/ tum et partes ali&aelig; aliis <lb/><gap/>becilliores: Quin et pandi marmora et contorqueri in promptu <lb/>e&longs;t. Habentur in lapidibus apo&longs;temata et collectiones putris ma <lb/>teri&aelig;: qu&aelig; <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> intume&longs;cit aeris inhau&longs;ti/uti puto/humecta <lb/>tione imbibita: ex quo grauiores pu&longs;tul&aelig; et collaceratione colum <lb/><expan abbr="nar&utilde;">narum</expan> atque trabium <expan abbr="&longs;equ&utilde;tur">&longs;equuntur</expan>. Quare pr&aelig;terea/qu&aelig; de lapide &longs;uo <lb/>loco &longs;uperius tran&longs;egimus: no&longs;&longs;e oportet lapidem creari a natura <lb/>uti uidemus <expan abbr="proc&utilde;bentem/materia">procumbentem/materia</expan> uti <expan abbr="interpretantur/liqu&etilde;te">interpretantur/liquente</expan> et <lb/>fluxibili: qu&aelig; cum &longs;en&longs;im concreuerit et obduruerit: ip&longs;a ma&longs;&longs;a <lb/>primas &longs;uarum partium figuras a&longs;&longs;eruata: Hinc e&longs;t quod in co infi <lb/>m&aelig; partis corpu&longs;culis/ut puta grauioribus con&longs;tat <expan abbr="maiu&longs;culis/&qtilde;">maiu&longs;culis/quae</expan> <lb/>&longs;uprem&aelig;: et <expan abbr="intercurr&utilde;t">intercurrunt</expan> uen&aelig;: prout materia materi&aelig; &longs;uperinfu&longs;a <lb/>et obducta coh&aelig;&longs;it. Ea ergo qua uen&aelig; iniaceant/&longs;eu &longs;int ill&aelig; qui <lb/>dem primioris materi&aelig; &longs;pumamenta/una cum &longs;upadduct&aelig; mate <lb/>ri&aelig; fecibus commixta: Seu quid aliud &longs;unt: quando has ip&longs;as &longs;ic <lb/>di&longs;pares couniri penitus natura non &longs;iuerit: fixilem nimirum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>in lapidem con&longs;tat. Pr&aelig;terea uti ex re ip&longs;a palam atq in promp <lb/>tu e&longs;t <expan abbr="tempe&longs;tat&utilde;/">tempe&longs;tatun/</expan> ut ita loquar/contumelia nequid reconditiora <lb/>p&longs;truemur: <expan abbr="c&otilde;pacta">compacta</expan> et <expan abbr="c&otilde;creta">concreta</expan> omnia corpora <expan abbr="confici&utilde;tur/di&longs;&longs;ol">conficiuntur/di&longs;&longs;ol</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="u&utilde;tur">uuntur</expan>: Ita et in lapide qu&aelig; partes <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;tatibus">tempe&longs;tatibus</expan> pferendis obnoxi&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="extiter&utilde;t">extiterunt</expan>: maceratiores &longs;unt atque putribiliores. Qu&aelig; <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> ita &longs;int/ <lb/>ponendis lapidibus aduerti&longs;&longs;e iubent/his pr&aelig;&longs;ertim partibus &aelig;di <lb/>ficii: quas e&longs;&longs;e robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas oportet: ut firmi&longs;&longs;im&aelig; et minime de <lb/>cidu&aelig; lapidum facies contra aduer&longs;arias rerum offen&longs;iones obiici <lb/><expan abbr="an&ttilde;">antur</expan>. Ergo <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> in latus uena &longs;tans <expan abbr="collocabi&ttilde;">collocabitur</expan>: nequid <expan abbr="decru&longs;te&ttilde;">decru&longs;tetur</expan> tem <lb/>pe&longs;tatibus: &longs;ed iacebit pro&longs;ternata: ut pre&longs;&longs;a mole <expan abbr="&longs;upinc&utilde;benti&utilde;">&longs;upincumbentium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> pandat: Et interior qu&aelig; in fodina abdita fuerat facies <expan abbr="&longs;i&longs;te&ttilde;">&longs;i&longs;tetur</expan> <lb/>ut extet patula: Succo&longs;ior enim e&longs;t et ualidior. Verum nulla to <lb/>lerantior habebitur facies toto in ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o lapide: &quml; qu&aelig; ma&longs;&longs;am <lb/>ip&longs;am non per fodin&aelig; tractum de&longs;ciuerit: Sed qu&aelig; tran&longs;uer&longs;am <lb/>iacentis ma&longs;&longs;&aelig; proten&longs;ionem obtrunca it.</s>
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<s>Anguli in&longs;uper totum per &aelig;dificium: quod eos quidem per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &aelig;gre <lb/>gie ualidos e&longs;&longs;e oporteat/&longs;tructura <expan abbr="admod&utilde;">admodum</expan> &longs;olida <expan abbr="firm&atilde;di">firmandi</expan> &longs;unt. <lb/><expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> profecto &longs;i recte interpretor/angulus qui&longs;que totius &aelig;dificii <lb/>altera e&longs;t pars: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> unius <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="uiti&utilde;">uitium</expan> anguli ab&longs;que <expan abbr="duor&utilde;">duorum</expan> <expan abbr="later&utilde;">laterum</expan> <lb/>iactura <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;uccedat. Qd &longs;i huc &longs;pectes: proculdubio <expan abbr="c&otilde;peries">comperies</expan> nul <lb/>la ferme &aelig;dificia coepi&longs;&longs;e dificere <expan abbr="ali&utilde;de/">aliunde/</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ab anguli alicuius in <lb/>firmitate. Recte <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ueteres angulos a&longs;&longs;ueuere ponere cra&longs;&longs;iores <lb/>multo <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> parietes: et in <expan abbr="col&utilde;natis">colunnatis</expan> porticibus ad angulos firmiora <lb/>adigere <expan abbr="alam&etilde;ta">alamenta</expan>. Anguli igitur firmitas non eo <expan abbr="tant&utilde;">tantum</expan> <expan abbr="de&longs;idera&ttilde;">de&longs;ideratur</expan>: <lb/>quo tectum ferat: e&longs;t enim id <expan abbr="col&utilde;narum">colunnarum</expan> opus uel magis &quml; angu <lb/><expan abbr="lor&utilde;">lorum</expan>: uerum et inprimis quo parietes in officio contineantur: ne a <lb/>ppendiculi rectitudine ullam in <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> <expan abbr="deflectan&ttilde;">deflectantur</expan>. Ergo habebit is <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> lapides pr&aelig;duros/et <expan abbr="l&otilde;gitudine">longitudine</expan> prolixos: ut qua&longs;i brachia <lb/>et uln&aelig; per coniugatorum parietum proten&longs;ionem inuehantur. <lb/>Eruntque lati pro parietis cra&longs;&longs;itudine lapides hi: ut nulla &longs;it opus <lb/>media infarcinatione.</s>
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<s>Similia e&longs;&longs;e angulis o&longs;&longs;a in pariete et <expan abbr="apertion&utilde;">apertionum</expan> latera condecet: <lb/>et eo firmiora/ quo maioribus ponderibus forta&longs;&longs;is fuerint &longs;ub&longs;ti <lb/>tuenda. Et inprimis oportet manus hoc e&longs;t aliquos hinc atque hinc <lb/>alternis ordinibus lapides promittant/ qua&longs;i adminicula ad reli <lb/>qui parietis complementa &longs;ub&longs;tentanda.</s>
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<s>Complementi partes &longs;unt/quas uniuer&longs;o parieti <expan abbr="c&otilde;icare">conicare</expan> diximus <lb/>cortices et <expan abbr="infarcim&etilde;ta">infarcimenta</expan>. Sed <expan abbr="cortic&utilde;">corticum</expan> alii extimi: alii e <expan abbr="regi&otilde;e">regione</expan> po&longs;iti <lb/>inte&longs;tini. <expan abbr="Extim&utilde;">Extimum</expan> &longs;i lapide po&longs;ueris duriore <expan abbr="c&otilde;feret">conferet</expan>: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ad <lb/>&aelig;dificii <expan abbr="phennitat&etilde;">phennitatem</expan> alioquin totis <expan abbr="c&otilde;plementis">complementis</expan>: opere quo libuerit <lb/>&longs;eu reticulato/&longs;eu incerto induxeris <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> redarguam: modo infe&longs;tis <lb/>et acriter lace&longs;&longs;entibus/ &longs;eu &longs;olibus/&longs;eu <expan abbr="uentor&utilde;">uentorum</expan> mole&longs;tiis/ &longs;eu <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> <lb/>ignibus aut pruinis <expan abbr="lapid&etilde;">lapidem</expan> obiicias eum/qui natura &longs;it ad <expan abbr="impet&utilde;">impetum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="mol&etilde;que">molenque</expan> atque iniuriam <expan abbr="tolerand&atilde;">tolerandam</expan> ualidi&longs;&longs;imus: Et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim illic <lb/>ubi ex fi&longs;tulis <expan abbr="tector&utilde;">tectorum</expan> aut &longs;tillicidiis/maiores <expan abbr="cad&etilde;tes">cadentes</expan> imbres uen <lb/>to <expan abbr="illidan&ttilde;">illidantur</expan>: omnino <expan abbr="adhib&etilde;da">adhibenda</expan> robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;una materia e&longs;t: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> id <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> uetu&longs;tis &aelig;dificiis pa&longs;&longs;im uidi&longs;&longs;e liceat <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;m&otilde;i">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;p&longs;ion&utilde;">a&longs;p&longs;ionum</expan> <lb/>iniuria ip&longs;um marmor/ ut &longs;ic loquar/prefre&longs;um atque penitus exe <lb/>&longs;um e&longs;&longs;e: Tam et&longs;i plerique <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> periti architecti/quo huic iniuri&aelig; 
<pb/>prouiderent: imbrem a tectis collectum a&longs;&longs;ueuere p impluuia in <lb/>cerclu&longs;um diducere atque di&longs;pellere. Quid illud quod <expan abbr="annotar&utilde;t">annotarunt</expan> <lb/>maiores/ folia per annuos autumnos &longs;olere parte arboiis qu&aelig; ad <lb/>hau&longs;trum et meridiem &longs;pectent prius decidere. Nos aduertimus <lb/>collap&longs;a uetu&longs;tate &aelig;dificia omnia coepi&longs;&longs;e ad hau&longs;trum deficere. <lb/>Et cur id eueniat: forta&longs;&longs;is in cau&longs;a e&longs;t/ quod &longs;olis ardor et uis/dum <lb/>uirebat opus/ <expan abbr="&itilde;matur&aelig;">immatur&aelig;</expan> &longs;uccos a&longs;&longs;ump&longs;it calcis. Adde quod hau&longs;tri <lb/>nis flatibus iterum atque iterum humectatus atque &longs;ubinde &longs;olis <expan abbr="inc&etilde;">incem</expan> <lb/>&longs;ionibus inferuefactus paries <expan abbr="c&otilde;maceratus">commaceratus</expan> imputruit. Ergo his et <lb/>huiu&longs;modi iniuriis apta et ualidi&longs;&longs;ima obiicieda materia e&longs;t.</s>
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<s>Illud inprimis ob&longs;eruandum cen&longs;eo: ut coeptos ordines toto &longs;tru <lb/>ctur&aelig; ambitu co&aelig;quato et minime di&longs;pari ducas: nequid ad dex <lb/>tram pr&aelig;grandi: ad &longs;ini&longs;tram uero minuto con&longs;tet lapide. <expan abbr="N&atilde;quepre&longs;&longs;ari">Nanque<lb/>pre&longs;&longs;ari</expan> quidem aiunt &longs;tructuram noui&longs;&longs;imo pondere iniecto: et <lb/>calcem pre&longs;&longs;ione inter &longs;icci&longs;cendum de&longs;i&longs;tere: exquo per opus la <lb/>cerationes fieri nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. At corcicem inte&longs;tinum una cum tota <lb/>&longs;ui parietis facie molliore ducas lapide non uetabo. Sed <expan abbr="quoc&utilde;queutare">quocunque<lb/>utare</expan> tam inte&longs;tino <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> extimo tollendus cortex e&longs;t: ut &longs;ict is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ad &longs;uam lineam atque <expan abbr="perpendicul&utilde;">perpendiculum</expan> exten&longs;us et perfinitus: Sua erit <lb/>linea qu&aelig; ad are&aelig; <expan abbr="circ&utilde;&longs;criptionem">circun&longs;criptionem</expan> co&aelig;quata ie&longs;pondeat: ita ut <lb/>&longs;it ea penitus omni parte &longs;ui <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> tumida/ nu&longs;q incaua/ nu&longs;&quml; <lb/><expan abbr="undo&longs;a/nu&longs;qu&atilde;">undo&longs;a/nu&longs;quam</expan> non directa et probe coaptata et perfinita. Inter <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;truend&utilde;">&longs;truendum</expan> et dum murus uiret &longs;i primam induxeris <expan abbr="harenation&etilde;">harenationem</expan>: <lb/>fiet deinceps ut quam adegeris &longs;eu cru&longs;tam &longs;eu alb. rium indele <lb/>bile opus pr&aelig;&longs;tetur.</s>
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<s>Infar cinamentorum duo &longs;unt genera: Vnum quo inter cortices <lb/>ad uacuum quod ine&longs;t cementis conge&longs;tis opplent: Alterum quo <lb/>id lapide non ni&longs;i ordinario: &longs;ed ignobili potius inter&longs;truunt &quml; <lb/>oppleant. Vtrumque par&longs;imoni&aelig; cau&longs;a inuentum apparet: Quan <lb/>do quiuis lapis minutus atque ignobilis huic murorum parti de <lb/>mandatur. Nam &longs;i dabitur ut pr&aelig;grandis et quadrati lapi <lb/>dis copia &longs;uppeditet: quis aut minuto aut fractitio &longs;ponte ute <lb/>tur lapide <gap/> Atqui hac una in re a complementis o&longs;&longs;a ip <lb/>&longs;a differunt: Quod in his media inter cruitas in&longs;arciuntur / 
<pb/>fractitio et commutilato quocumque datur lapide / opere prope <lb/>conge&longs;titio et tumultario: In his alteris nulli aut <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> modici im <lb/>mi&longs;centur lapides incerti: Sed tota totum id intimum ordinario <lb/>extexunt opere. Mallem ad &aelig;ternitatem plenis ordinibus uniuer <lb/>&longs;um parietem quadrato lapide completum redderent: <expan abbr="Tam&etilde;">Tamen</expan> qua <lb/><expan abbr="lic&utilde;que">licunque</expan> <expan abbr="uacu&utilde;">uacuum</expan> id inter cortices lapide opplendum in&longs;titueris: quo <lb/>ad res patitur curato ut ductu co&aelig;quato librati ordines <expan abbr="c&otilde;nectan">connectan</expan> <lb/>tur. Tum et officii quidem erit ab altero extimo ad alterum inte <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tin&utilde;">&longs;tinum</expan> corticem/aliquos non penitus interraros ordinarios lapides <lb/>mediam p parietis <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> ad cortices ip&longs;os mutuo <expan abbr="c&otilde;necten">connecten</expan> <lb/>dos traducere: quo infu&longs;a infarcinamenta &longs;pondas cru&longs;tarum non <lb/>protrudant. <expan abbr="Infarcination&utilde;">Infarcinationum</expan> ductus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruar&utilde;t">ob&longs;eruarunt</expan> ueteres una perpe <lb/>tuaque refu&longs;ione attollere <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> altiores <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut in quinos quo&longs;que pedes or <lb/>dines &longs;upextenderent: quo ueluti neruis <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti&longs;que">illigamenti&longs;que</expan> &longs;tructura ar <lb/>ctata <expan abbr="c&otilde;cinctaque">concinctaque</expan> redderetur: quo etiam &longs;iquid totam p infarcinati <lb/>onem aliquo aut <expan abbr="fabror&utilde;">fabrorum</expan> uitio/aut ca&longs;u de&longs;idi&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;perit">comperit</expan>: <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ilico <lb/>in &longs;e <expan abbr="reliquor&utilde;">reliquorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;upurgenti&utilde;">&longs;upurgentium</expan> pondus trahat: Sed habeant &longs;upiora <lb/>qua&longs;i innouatam ad con&longs;i&longs;tendum ba&longs;im. C&aelig;terum admonent/ <lb/>quod apud omnes ueteres probe ob&longs;eruatum uideo: nequid maio <lb/>ra inter farciendum &longs;axa inter&longs;erantur: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut libr&aelig; pondus comple <lb/>ant: minutiora enim qu&aelig; &longs;unt/ facilius uniri atque ad nexuras ad&aelig; <lb/>quari <expan abbr="arbitr&atilde;tur">arbitrantur</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pr&aelig;grandia. Et faciat ad rem quod apud Plu <lb/>tarcum de Mino rege traditur: Nam is quidem cum plebem per <lb/>artes diuideret: &longs;ic cen&longs;ebat corpus omne quo magis minutas diui <lb/>&longs;um in partes &longs;it: eo facilius ad arbitrium tractari atque co&aelig;quari. <lb/>Illud non negligendum puto: quod caua omnia comple&longs;&longs;e/ et ni <lb/>hil u&longs;piam interuacuum reliqui&longs;&longs;e oportet/ cum c&aelig;teras ob res/ <lb/>tum ob id ne i&longs;tuc animantia ingrediantur: qu&aelig; nidificatu et con <lb/>ge&longs;tis &longs;ordibus atque &longs;eminibus caprificos per murum excitent. <lb/>Dictu incredibile quantas lapidum moles/et quas congeries com <lb/>motas una e&longs;&longs;e arboris radice uiderim. <expan abbr="Illig&atilde;da">Illiganda</expan> <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> et <expan abbr="c&otilde;plenda">complenda</expan> <lb/>qu&aelig; con&longs;truas omnia diligenter &longs;unt.</s>
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<s>Inter procinctus aliqui pr&aelig;terea nexus lapidum maiorum indu <lb/><expan abbr="c&utilde;tur">cuntur</expan>: qui et cru&longs;tas exteriores cru&longs;tis interioribus: et o&longs;&longs;a etiam 
<pb/>offibus illaqueata reddant: quales hi &longs;unt/ quos in pedes quinos <lb/>inter&longs;erendos diximus. Alii uero et hi <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> primarii procinctus <lb/>&longs;unt: qui angulorum <expan abbr="prehendendor&utilde;/">prehendendorun/</expan> operi&longs;que detinendi gratia/ <lb/>per totam parietis longitudinem pducuntur: Sed hi po&longs;tremi ra <lb/>riores adhibentur: et unico in pariete <expan abbr="plus&qtilde;">plusquae</expan> binos aut <expan abbr="interd&utilde;">interdum</expan> tris <lb/>me <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> uidi&longs;&longs;e memini: <expan abbr="Eor&utilde;que">Eorunque</expan> &longs;itus &longs;ede&longs;que primaria e&longs;t: ut <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;umm&utilde;">&longs;ummum</expan> parietis ueluti corona/immunem frequentioribus illis in <lb/>nexuris &aelig;qui inpedes quinos fiunt: Lapides &longs;i aderunt tenuiores <lb/>non dedecebit.</s>
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<s>In his uero alteris/quas coronas <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupamus">nuncupamus</expan>: quo et rariores ill&aelig; <lb/>quidem &longs;unt/ et plus habent negocii: eo robu&longs;tiores et cra&longs;&longs;iores <lb/>appo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e lapides <expan abbr="c&otilde;uenit">conuenit</expan>. In utri&longs;que &longs;uo in genere longi&longs;&longs;imi et <lb/>lati&longs;&longs;imi et firmi&longs;&longs;imi de&longs;iderantur. Sed ita <expan abbr="collocab&utilde;tur">collocabuntur</expan> mino <lb/>res illi: ut una cum c&aelig;teris parietis corticibus ad <expan abbr="perpendicul&utilde;">perpendiculum</expan> et <lb/>regulam <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniant">conueniant</expan>. Hi uero alteri coronas imitati frontis proiec <lb/>tura prominebunt. <expan abbr="Pon&utilde;turque">Ponunturque</expan> lapides i&longs;tiu&longs;modi pr&aelig;longi et ad <lb/>modum lati ad libellam/et ordinibus bene <expan abbr="c&otilde;nectuntur">connectuntur</expan>: ut qua&longs;i <lb/>&longs;upaddito pauimento &longs;ubin&longs;tructa <expan abbr="operian&ttilde;">operiantur</expan>. Lapidum i&longs;tic nexu <lb/>ra e&longs;t: <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> noui&longs;&longs;imus qui&longs;que nunc &longs;upin&longs;ternatur lapis: ita in iam <lb/>tum &longs;ub&longs;tratos <expan abbr="coagmenta&ttilde;">coagmentatur</expan> et <expan abbr="c&otilde;cinna&ttilde;">concinnatur</expan>: ut in <expan abbr="duor&utilde;">duorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;titutor&utilde;">&longs;ub&longs;titutorum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;mi&longs;&longs;uram/&aelig;quata">commi&longs;&longs;uram/&aelig;quata</expan> et collibrata exten&longs;ione medius accumbat. <lb/>Qu&aelig; <expan abbr="lapid&utilde;">lapidum</expan> nexura uniuer&longs;a in &longs;tructura minime negligenda <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>&longs;it: cum e&longs;t eadem in procinctibus huiu&longs;modi maiorem in <expan abbr="mod&utilde;">modum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ob&longs;eru&atilde;da">ob&longs;eruanda</expan>. Aduerti reticulatis operibus ueteres a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e procin <lb/><expan abbr="ct&utilde;">ctum</expan> inducere: ut <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;taret">con&longs;taret</expan> ordinibus <expan abbr="laterculor&utilde;">laterculorum</expan> quinque: aut nihilo <lb/>paucioribus tribus: <expan abbr="quor&utilde;">quorum</expan> e&longs;&longs;ent cum c&aelig;teri/ tum adminus ordo <lb/>unus lapide po&longs;itus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> cra&longs;&longs;iore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> c&aelig;teri illic iuncti: &longs;ed <expan abbr="l&otilde;giore">longiore</expan> <lb/>atque latiore. Ordinariis uero i&longs;tructuris lateritiis uidimus quo&longs;que<lb/>in pedes quinos <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti">illigamenti</expan> loco fui&longs;&longs;e uno <expan abbr="c&otilde;tentos">contentos</expan> ordine lateris <lb/>pampli bipedalis. Vidimus <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> q laminas <expan abbr="pl&utilde;beas">plumbeas</expan> <expan abbr="pr&aelig;l&otilde;gas">pr&aelig;longas</expan> pa <lb/>rietibusque pares <expan abbr="latitud&itilde;e">latitudine</expan> <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti">illigamenti</expan> gratia <expan abbr="&itilde;ter&longs;par&longs;erit">inter&longs;par&longs;erit</expan>. <expan abbr="Ver&utilde;">Verum</expan> in <lb/>lapide <expan abbr="pr&aelig;gr&atilde;di">pr&aelig;grandi</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;tru&etilde;do">a&longs;truendo</expan> procinctu rariore uel q &longs;i &longs;olis coronis <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="t&etilde;tos">tentos</expan> uideo. <expan abbr="Incor&otilde;is">Incoronis</expan> <expan abbr="ab&longs;olu&etilde;dis">ab&longs;oluendis</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> do h&aelig; quoque <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;ima <lb/><expan abbr="rec&itilde;g&utilde;t">recingunt</expan> nexura: neglexi&longs;&longs;e nihil oportet <expan abbr="eor&utilde;">eorum</expan> que hactenus de pro 
<pb/>cinctu ip&longs;o diximus: ut in his nulli ni&longs;i pr&aelig;longi et admodum <lb/>lati&longs;&longs;imi et omnium firmi&longs;&longs;imi lapides imitantur: coaptenturque<lb/>nexura continuata et recte compacta/ ordinibus ad libellam exac <lb/>tis: et pro cuiu&longs;que ratione ad regulam redactis et co&aelig;quatis. Eoque<lb/>maiorem i&longs;tic curam et diligentiam adhibeas/ ip&longs;a res po&longs;tulat: <lb/>quo et percingunt opus coron&aelig; ip&longs;o loco labiliore: Et tecti pr&aelig; <lb/>terea munus &longs;uos in parietes obtinent. Hinc e&longs;t quod aiunt late <lb/>ritiis parietibus crudis te&longs;taceam coronam adigito: ne &longs;iquid ex <lb/>&longs;ummo tecto aut &longs;tillicidiis impluat / officiat: Sed protectura <lb/>tueantur. Ea de re adeo in omni reliquo pariete quouis ob&longs;eruan <lb/>dum e&longs;t: ut ei pro tecto bene ob&longs;tructa &longs;tet corona ad omnem im <lb/>brium iniuriam refellendam.</s>
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<s>Rur&longs;us con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet/quo fultu/quibus ue adminiculis la <lb/>pides plurimi una in parietis &longs;oliditatem cogantur atque contine <lb/>antur. Con&longs;ideranti nimirum &longs;e&longs;e offert: ut in primis ad i&longs;tam <lb/>rem opus e&longs;&longs;e calce intuear: tam et&longs;i non omnem lapidem calce <lb/>iungendum &longs;tatuam. Marmora enim contactu calcis non modo <lb/>candorem amittunt: uerum etiam ob&longs;cenis maculis cruoris deho <lb/>ne&longs;tantur: Tantaque in marmore ine&longs;t candoris &longs;uperbia: ut uix <lb/>alium po&longs;&longs;it perferre <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ip&longs;um &longs;e. Quid putes? fumos dedigna <lb/>tur: oleo illibutum palle&longs;cit: nigro infu&longs;um uino lute&longs;cit: aqua <lb/>ex materia ca&longs;tane&aelig; perducta fu&longs;catur intimum atque inficitur: ut <lb/>ne abradendo quidem i&longs;tarum rerum not&aelig; deleantur. Hinc uete <lb/>res nuda in opus marmora/nullo calcis illinimento obducto quo <lb/>ad poterant adigebant. Sed de his po&longs;tea.</s>
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<s>Nunc quando ad periti fabri officium pertinet/non tam &longs;eligere <lb/>commodiora/ &quml; apte accommodateque/ uti his qu&aelig; &longs;uppeditent: <lb/>rem nos &longs;ic pro&longs;equemur. Calcern intelliges excoctam e&longs;&longs;e u&longs;que<lb/>ut probes: qu&aelig; infu&longs;a et inde po&longs;t feruorem extincta/ &longs;pumam <lb/>lactis imitata &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;cit&atilde;s">&longs;u&longs;citans</expan> totis glebis tumuerit. <expan abbr="N&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;atis <expan abbr="c&otilde;mace">commace</expan> <lb/>rat&aelig; <expan abbr="indici&utilde;">indicium</expan> <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> calculi <expan abbr="&itilde;terharen&atilde;d&utilde;">interharenandum</expan> offen&longs;i. Plus forte &longs;i admi <lb/>&longs;cueris haren&aelig; <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> par &longs;it/a&longs;pitate &longs;ui <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> coherebit: Sin <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> minus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> eius natura et uis ferat: qua&longs;i ui&longs;cus lentitudine improba re&longs;ti <lb/>tabit &aelig;greque ob&longs;equetur. Calcem non u&longs;que quoque ma&oelig;ratam/ 
<pb/>atque alioquin imbecilliorem indemnius committes &longs;undamentis <lb/>&quml; c&aelig;tero parieti: et inter farcinamenta &quml; in cru&longs;tis. Ab angulis <lb/>uero et o&longs;&longs;ibus pr&aelig;cinetibu&longs;que/ procul abigenda e&longs;t omnis calx: <lb/>in qua uel minima in&longs;it menda: et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim arcubus fidi&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>intermi&longs;cenda e&longs;t. Anguli/ o&longs;&longs;a/ procinctus/ coron&aelig;/ harenam <lb/><expan abbr="tenuiorem/graciliorem/purioremq;">tenuiorem/graciliorem/purioremque</expan> exigunt: pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ubiter <lb/>&longs;o ducantur lapide. Infarctinamenta glandulo&longs;iorem non re&longs;pu <lb/>ent materiam. Lapis arens natura et &longs;itiens/ fluuiatili cum hare <lb/>na non pe&longs;&longs;ime conueniet. Madens natura lapis et humectus/ha <lb/>renas fo&longs;&longs;iceas adamabit: ad hau&longs;trum nolim &longs;umptam ex mari <lb/>harenam ob<gap/>cias: &longs;eptemtriones ad uentos forta&longs;&longs;is commodius <lb/>exponetur. Minuto cuique lapidi materia debetur &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior: Sicco <lb/>et exhau&longs;to cra&longs;&longs;ior: <expan abbr="Qu&atilde;uis">Quanuis</expan> uniuer&longs;a in a&longs;tructione ueteres cra&longs; <lb/>&longs;iorem pultem i&longs;tiu&longs;medi tenaciorem putent &quml; tenuem. Pr&aelig; <lb/>grandes lapides non ni&longs;i per liquentem et fluxibilem materiem <lb/>fulctur&aelig; ex arbitrio recumbunt: ut forte magis lubricandi cubi <lb/>lis gratia: quo &longs;unt illi quidem dum coaptantur &longs;ub manu ad mo <lb/>tum faciles/&quml; conglutinandi cau&longs;a/huiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e inducta mate <lb/>ries uideatur. Atqui omnino plurimum conferet aliquid molle <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi et leuigatum cubile &longs;ubmittere: Quo fiat ut lapides <lb/>iniquo &longs;ub pondere laborantes non defringantur. Sunt qui ubi <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;im ex ueterum operibus pr&aelig;grandes intueantur lapides/me <lb/>diis iuncturis illibutos rubrica/u&longs;os interpretentur ea pro calce: <lb/>Id mihi non fit ueri&longs;imile: uel maxime ea re/ quod non utra&longs;que ad <lb/>iunctionis &longs;up&longs;icies/&longs;ed tantum alteram illibutam uideam.</s>
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<s>E&longs;t etiam circa parietes quippiam: quod neglexi&longs;&longs;e non conferat. <lb/>Nequod enim pr&aelig;cipiti fe&longs;tinantia et tumultuaria manu e&longs;t paries <lb/>coaceruandus/ opera nu&longs;quam intermi&longs;&longs;a: Neque per &longs;egnitiem <lb/>de&longs;idio&longs;am/qua&longs;i inuitus &aelig;difices/coepto e&longs;t opere procra&longs;tinan <lb/>dum: Sed pro&longs;equi rem oportet modo et ratione: in qua &longs;it celeri <lb/>tas coniuncta cum con&longs;ilii et diligenti&aelig; maturitate.</s>
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<s>Altius attolli opus uetant periti: ni&longs;i pars hactenus exacta du <lb/>ruerit: Nam recens et molle opus/ impotens et re&longs;orubile 
<pb/>cum &longs;it/qu&aelig; &longs;upera&longs;truxeris <expan abbr="nequaqu&atilde;">nequaquam</expan> perferet. Videre quidem <lb/>licet / hyrundines natura edoctos cum nidificent / primas iliu <lb/>tationes ad tigna: qu&aelig; quidem pro fundamentis et radice operis <lb/>&longs;unt: atque item his primis proximas <expan abbr="agge&longs;ti&otilde;es">agge&longs;tiones</expan> apponere <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> <lb/>temere: &longs;ed opere intermi&longs;&longs;o/ mature &longs;en&longs;imque a&longs;truere: quoad <lb/>primordia operis firmitudinem con&longs;ecuta &longs;int. Duriu&longs;&longs;e calcem <lb/>&longs;tatuunt/ cum lanuginem fio&longs;culo&longs;que fabris cognites de&longs;uda: it. <lb/>Quot in pedes inter calandum &longs;it ip&longs;a muri cra&longs;&longs;itudo/ et loci et <lb/>coeli temperies admonebit. Vbi duxeris intercalandum operito <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mum">&longs;ummum</expan> opus &longs;trumentis: ne uento et &longs;ole &longs;uceus materi<gap/> hau&longs;tus <lb/>euane&longs;cat: potius &quml; <expan abbr="att&etilde;porato">attemporato</expan> &longs;icce&longs;cat et cohere&longs;cat. Vbi opus <lb/>re&longs;ump&longs;eris/ pura iterum atque iterum aqua infundito/ quoad pro <lb/>be immade&longs;cat: Et pulueres nequid caprificibus gignundis <expan abbr="&longs;om&etilde;">&longs;omen</expan> <lb/>ta relinquantur/ poenitus abluantur. Nihil e&longs;t quod opus ad &longs;o <lb/>liditatem &longs;tabilitatemque magis confirmet: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> abundanti lapidem <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;madefeci&longs;&longs;e">commadefeci&longs;&longs;e</expan> aqua. Madidum negant lapidem e&longs;&longs;e/ qui &longs;i dif <lb/>fregeris/non tota &longs;it facie intima infu&longs;us et nigricans. Adde his <lb/>quod inter a&longs;truendum in &longs;ingulis locis/ quibus ad uarios &aelig;dificii <lb/>u&longs;us et uoluptates/de&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e qui&longs;piam nouas apertiones po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>per parietis ductum inter extexendis arcus e&longs;t: quo po&longs;tea inde <lb/>&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;us paries/ tutam et connatam habeat quie&longs;cendi &longs;edem ar <lb/>cum. Neque dici pote&longs;t/uti unico interdum &longs;ubdempto ex parie <lb/>te lapillo/tota &longs;tructur&aelig; uis et nerui labefactentur. Et profecto <lb/>a&longs;&longs;equemur <expan abbr="nunqu&atilde;/ut">nunquan/ut</expan> ueteratis &longs;tructuris nou&aelig; applicentur: ita <lb/>ut non continuo inter &longs;e di&longs;cidium faciant: Et eam ob cicatricem <lb/>debilitatus <expan abbr="paries/&qtilde;">paries/quae</expan> reddatur ad ruinam promptus/ non e&longs;t ut re <lb/>feram. Cra&longs;&longs;us paries armamenta non po&longs;tulat: quando fabris la <lb/>titudine &longs;ui pr&aelig;&longs;tet: ut a&longs;truendo con&longs;i&longs;tant.</s>
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<s>Diximus de legitimo a&longs;truendi genere: quo quidem lapide attol <lb/><expan abbr="la&ttilde;">latur</expan> et <expan abbr="durat&utilde;">duratum</expan> <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan> calce. Sed <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> &longs;int <expan abbr="capt&atilde;di">captandi</expan> lapidis genera alia <lb/>qu&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> calce &longs;ed luto &longs;tent <expan abbr="&itilde;terlita">interlita</expan>: et alia qu&aelig; lapidibus nullo ful <lb/>ta glutino <expan abbr="coapten&ttilde;">coaptentur</expan>. Et &longs;ine pr&aelig;terea alia <expan abbr="&aelig;dific&atilde;di">&aelig;dificandi</expan> genera: qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ola <gap/>farctura: et alia qu&aelig; &longs;olis <expan abbr="fiman&ttilde;">fimantur</expan> corticibus: et <expan abbr="huiu&longs;m&otilde;i">huiu&longs;moni</expan> bre <lb/>ui&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;igemus">tran&longs;igemus</expan>. <expan abbr="Lapid&etilde;">Lapidem</expan> q <expan abbr="illinia&ttilde;">illiniatur</expan> <expan abbr="terra/c&utilde;">terra/cum</expan> <expan abbr="quadrat&utilde;/tum">quadratun/tum</expan> et 
<pb/>maxime arentem e&longs;&longs;e oportet: eamque ad rem nihil e&longs;t <expan abbr="c&etilde;medius">cemmedius</expan> <lb/>latere &longs;eu cocto &longs;eu potius crudo bene ex&longs;iccato. Paries crudo du <lb/>crus latere ualitudini <expan abbr="habitanti&utilde;">habitantium</expan> aptus: et contra ignes tuti&longs;&longs;imus <lb/>cum &longs;it: tum et terr&aelig;motibus non multo commouetur: Sed idem <lb/>ni &longs;iat <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;ior/c&otilde;tignationes">cra&longs;&longs;ior/contignationes</expan> non tolerat: Hinc pilas iubebat Ca <lb/>to inter&longs;trui lapideas: quibus trabeamenta &longs;ub&longs;tituerentur. <expan abbr="Lim&utilde;">Limum</expan> <lb/>quo fulcias/&longs;unt qui e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="opt&atilde;t">optant</expan> bitumini p&longs;imilem: et e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optim&utilde;">optimum</expan> <lb/>arbitrantur eum: qui <expan abbr="&itilde;mi&longs;&longs;us">immi&longs;&longs;us</expan> aqua lente di&longs;&longs;oluitur: qui de manu <lb/>&aelig;gre abluatur: qui longe den&longs;etur cum &longs;icce&longs;cat: Alii <expan abbr="harenari&utilde;">harenarium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="pr&aelig;fer&utilde;t">pr&aelig;ferunt</expan>: quia ductibilior &longs;it. Ve&longs;tire oportet opus hoc cru&longs;tula <lb/>extrin&longs;ecus ex calce: interius &longs;i libet gyp&longs;o /aut etiam creta <expan abbr="arg&etilde;">argem</expan> <lb/>taria: Ea ut coh&aelig;re&longs;cat aptius inter <expan abbr="c&otilde;pon&etilde;dum">componendum</expan> te&longs;tacea &longs;unt frag <lb/>menta/rimulis iuncturarum &longs;par&longs;im inter&longs;erenda: qu&aelig; ueluti <expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> <lb/>ticuli promineant: ut eis cru&longs;tula firmius <expan abbr="c&otilde;tineatur">contineatur</expan>.</s>
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<s>Nudum lapidem cum quadratum e&longs;&longs;e oportet: tum et pr&aelig; aliis <lb/>grandem atque etiam &longs;olidum et <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: Hic nulla infarcina <lb/>menta/&aelig;quati&longs;&longs;imi ordines/ perpetua nexura exigitur: crebraque<lb/>debentur an&longs;arum <expan abbr="clauiculor&utilde;que">clauiculorunque</expan> illigamenta. An&longs;&aelig; &longs;unt quibus <lb/>&aelig;quate appo&longs;iti lapides binatim iungantur: et continuatum in or <lb/>dinem couniantur. Clauiculi &longs;unt qui inferlores et una &longs;uperiores <lb/>in lapides infixi <expan abbr="cau&etilde;t">cauent</expan> nequid forte protru&longs;i ordines alteri ab alte <lb/>ris di&longs;trabantur. An&longs;as clauiculo&longs;que fen eos non reprobant. Sed <lb/>nos ex ueterum operibus intelleximus ferrum <expan abbr="corr&utilde;pi">corrumpi</expan> et <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> <lb/>durare: &aelig;s uero durare et prope &aelig;ternum e&longs;&longs;e: Quin et ferri rubi <lb/>gine marmora <expan abbr="c&otilde;macerari">commacerari</expan> et <expan abbr="circ&utilde;rumpi">circurrumpi</expan> aduerti. <expan abbr="Vi&longs;un&ttilde;">Vi&longs;untur</expan> et lig <lb/>ne&aelig; an&longs;&aelig; lapidibus <expan abbr="uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imor&utilde;">uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorum</expan> operum inter&longs;ert&aelig;: quas ego <lb/>ferreis haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> <expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&etilde;das">po&longs;tponendas</expan> duco: &aelig;re&aelig; ferre&aelig;que an&longs;&aelig; plumbo <lb/>firmantur: ligne&aelig; &longs;at firm&aelig; &longs;unt &longs;uapte &longs;orma: qu&aelig; &longs;ic dolantur <lb/>ut &longs;imilitudinis gratia caud&aelig; hirundine&aelig; <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupentur">nuncupentur</expan>. In&longs;erend&aelig; <lb/>an&longs;&aelig; &longs;unt ita ut imbrium &longs;till&aelig; ad eas uitiandas non penetr<gap/>nt. <lb/>&aelig;neas contra uetu&longs;tatem firmari putant/&longs;i dum conflantur trige <lb/>&longs;ima &longs;tagni parsimmi&longs;ceatur: Rubiginem minus uerebuntur/&longs;i <lb/>bitumine aut etiam oleo perungantur. Ferrum ceru&longs;a gyp&longs;o <lb/>et liquida pice temperari / ne rubiginem &longs;entiat / affirmant. 
<pb/>An&longs;&aelig; ligne&aelig; cera pura et amurca illibut&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="putre&longs;c&utilde;t">putre&longs;cunt</expan>: <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> <lb/>liquentis plumbi et admodum <expan abbr="feru&etilde;tis/">feruentis/</expan> ad captas an&longs;arum quod in <lb/>fuderint lapides &longs;uberepui&longs;&longs;e uideo.</s>
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<s>Sola et infarctura ductos pa&longs;&longs;im inuenies in ueterum &amp; dificiis pa <lb/>rietes <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;imos. Hi <expan abbr="duc&utilde;tur">ducuntur</expan> <expan abbr="qu&etilde;admodum">quenadmodum</expan> et terrei: qui <lb/>bus Africa et hi&longs;pania utebatur/duabus utrinque &longs;eu <expan abbr="tabular&utilde;">tabularum</expan> &longs;eu <lb/><expan abbr="craticior&utilde;">craticiorum</expan> &longs;pondis adactis/qu&aelig; pro cru&longs;tis <expan abbr="ad&longs;t&etilde;t">ad&longs;tent</expan> quoad infu&longs;um <lb/>opus duruerit. Sed in hoc differunt/ quod hic cementitiam pultem <lb/>prope undantem in&longs;undunt: illic terram lento&longs;am humectatione <lb/>et &longs;ubactione redditam ductibilem inculcant pede et planatoriis <lb/>uectibus. I&longs;tic etiam pro nexura in pedes trinos qua&longs;i <expan abbr="ruderam&etilde;ta">ruderamenta</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="in&longs;tern&utilde;t">in&longs;ternunt</expan> maiu&longs;culos lapides pre&longs;ertim ordinarios: aut etiam fra <lb/>ctitios angulares: Nam globo&longs;us et&longs;i contra iniurias plane &longs;it for <lb/>tis: ni&longs;i tamen multa deuinctus erit &longs;uffragatione: in omni &longs;truc <lb/>tura longe <expan abbr="infidel&etilde;">infidelem</expan> habebit &longs;e. Illic uero terreis Afric&aelig; parietibus <lb/>&longs;partum aut <expan abbr="maritim&utilde;">maritimum</expan> iuncum luto <expan abbr="&itilde;mi&longs;cent/opus">immi&longs;cent/opus</expan> ductu mirabi <lb/>le: quod uentis et imbribus incorruptum duret. Ad Plinii <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <lb/>turres et &longs;pecul&aelig; terren&aelig; iugis <expan abbr="monti&utilde;">montium</expan> impo&longs;it&aelig;/u&longs;que ad Hanni <lb/>bale &longs;pectabantur.</s>
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<s>Solas inducimus cru&longs;tulas/ut &longs;ic eas potius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cortices appellem: <lb/>craticiis atque &longs;toriis ex harundine non recentibus opus illiberale: <lb/>Sed quo pa&longs;&longs;im uetus romana plebs uteretur. <expan abbr="Illini&utilde;tur">Illiniuntur</expan> crates lu <lb/>to una cum paleis triduo &longs;ubacto: po&longs;t ue&longs;tiuntur/uti mox dixi/ <lb/>calce aut etiam gyp&longs;o: <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> pictura &longs;ignis ue hone&longs;tantur. Gyp <lb/>&longs;o &longs;i te&longs;tam tun&longs;am ex tertia imi&longs;cueris/a&longs;peruginem nimis uere <lb/>bitur: Calce <expan abbr="&itilde;mixtum">immixtum</expan> maiorem in modum inuale&longs;cit: in humido <lb/>pruina et gelu/gyp&longs;um omnino inutile e&longs;t.</s>
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<s>Re&longs;tat ut qua&longs;i epilogum/ legem referam apud architectos uetu <lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imam: quam pro oraculo ob&longs;eruandam &longs;tatuo: ea e&longs;t huiu&longs;mo <lb/>di: Muro ba&longs;im &longs;ubigito firmi&longs;&longs;imam: &longs;uperiora inferioribus me <lb/>dio centro ad <expan abbr="perpendicul&utilde;">perpendiculum</expan> re&longs;pondeant/ponito: Angulos o&longs;&longs;aque<lb/>parietum ab &longs;olo in &longs;ublime robu&longs;tiore lapide obfirmato: Calcem <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;macerato">commacerato</expan>: Lapidem in opus ni&longs;i <expan abbr="mad&etilde;tem">madentem</expan> ponito: infe&longs;tis offen <lb/>&longs;oribus duriorem obicito. Structuram ad regulam et libellam et 
<pb/>perpendiculum ducito: <expan abbr="c&otilde;mi&longs;&longs;uras">commi&longs;&longs;uras</expan> <expan abbr="antecedenti&utilde;">antecedentium</expan> medii deinceps <lb/>lapides obtineant curato. Integros ordinibus exponito: medium <lb/><expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> refractis farcito: <expan abbr="ord&itilde;es">ordines</expan> ordinibus crebris traductis <expan abbr="lapid&utilde;">lapidum</expan> <lb/>nexuris coadiugato. Hactenus de pariete. Venio ad <expan abbr="tect&utilde;">tectum</expan>.</s>
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<s>Sed nolim illud pr&aelig;terii&longs;&longs;e: cuius <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> apud ueteres <expan abbr="maior&etilde;">maiorem</expan> <lb/>in modum ob&longs;eruata intelligo. Sunt in rerum natura/quibus pro <lb/>culdubio ine&longs;t uis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;pern&etilde;da">a&longs;pernenda</expan>: <expan abbr="laur&utilde;">laurum</expan> <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;">arborem</expan>: <expan abbr="aql&atilde;">aqlam</expan> <expan abbr="alit&etilde;">alitem</expan> <expan abbr="uitul&utilde;quemaritim&utilde;">uitulunque<lb/>maritimum</expan> pi&longs;cem aiunt fulgura <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> petere: H&aelig;c &longs;i operi inter <gap/>lu <lb/>dantur: &longs;unt qui forta&longs;&longs;e putent futurum intactum fulminibus et <lb/>immune. Equidem id ego &aelig;que po&longs;&longs;e uideor &longs;perare: atque illud <lb/>et dere quod aiunt ranam <expan abbr="rubet&atilde;">rubetam</expan> fictili inclu&longs;am medioque defo&longs; <lb/>&longs;am agro/arcere alites ab &longs;ementis. Et o&longs;trim <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;/&longs;i">arboren/&longs;i</expan> in <expan abbr="dom&utilde;">domum</expan> <lb/>inferatur/reddere partus difficiles: Et enomion le&longs;oiam frondem <lb/>&longs;ub tectis habitam pr&aelig;cipitare aluum et inanitate pe&longs;tem inferre. <lb/>Redeo ad rem. Hic repetere oportet qu&aelig; &longs;upra cum de <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan> <lb/>tis <expan abbr="&aelig;dificior&utilde;">&aelig;dificiorum</expan> tractaremus/p&longs;trinximus.</s>
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<s>Tectorum igitur alia &longs;ub diuo: alia non &longs;ub diuo: Et <expan abbr="hor&utilde;">horum</expan> aliqua <lb/>lineis con&longs;tant rectis: aliqua flexis: aliqua mixtis. His addito <lb/>quod hic faciat ad rem: Nam aut ex arborum materia pone <expan abbr="tect&utilde;">tectum</expan> <lb/>aut lapide. Ordiemur inde adeo rem principio hic &longs;umpto: ut &longs;ta <lb/>tuamus quippiam e&longs;&longs;e/quod ip&longs;um ad uniuer&longs;i tecti racio<gap/>inati <lb/>onem pertineat: et &longs;it huiu&longs;modi. Tecto cuiuis et o&longs;&longs;a et neruos <lb/>et complementa et cortices et cru&longs;tulas ine&longs;&longs;e &aelig;que atque in muro <lb/>interpretemur: tamen hoc ita ne &longs;it re ip&longs;a con&longs;ideremus. Princi <lb/>pio ut ab his qui rectis lineis ex materia &longs;yluarum con&longs;tant inci <lb/>piamus. Tectis quidem ferendis opus e&longs;t firmiores a paricte ad <lb/>parietem &longs;ub&longs;tituas trabes: atque has uti modo <expan abbr="c&otilde;mentabamur">commentabamur</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>intran&longs;uer&longs;um po&longs;itas columnas non inficiabimur. O&longs;&longs;is ergo lo <lb/>co erit trabs: quod &longs;i per impen&longs;&aelig; rationes liceret: quis non optet <lb/>totum h<gap/>bere opus/ut ita loquar o&longs;&longs;eum et &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imum: hoc e&longs;t <lb/>continuatis columnis/et counitis trabibus compactum et obfirma <lb/>tum? Sed par&longs;imoni&aelig; <expan abbr="pro&longs;picimus/&longs;uperfiu&utilde;">pro&longs;picimus/&longs;uperfiuum</expan> <expan abbr="put&atilde;tes">putantes</expan> quicquid <lb/>&longs;eruata operis firmitate po&longs;&longs;it detrahi: ea de re trabium hic &longs;inun <lb/>tur interualla: Exquo et trabibus tran&longs;uer&longs;alia <expan abbr="impon&utilde;tur">imponuntur</expan> tigna<gap/>
<pb/>et abducuntur decurrentes quadruli: et &longs;iqua &longs;unt i&longs;tis &longs;imilia: <lb/>Qu&aelig; omnia haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> dedecet puta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamenta</expan>. In his <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> <lb/>a&longs;&longs;es tabul&aelig;que ampliores coaptat&aelig; nimirum complemerti uicem <lb/>tenebunt: parique ratione pauimentum tegula&longs;que corticem e&longs;&longs;e exti <lb/>mum: Coelum uero tecti/quod &longs;upra caput pendeat <expan abbr="intim&utilde;">intimum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>corticem non negabimus. Ergo h&aelig;c ita e&longs;&longs;e &longs;i con&longs;tat/ inue&longs;tige <lb/>mus &longs;iquid &longs;it/quod cuique horum debeatur: quo his recognitis fa <lb/>cilius qu&aelig; lapideis tectis <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniat">conueniat</expan> intelligamus.</s>
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<s>De his igitur quoad res po&longs;tulet breui&longs;&longs;ime tran&longs;igamus. Sed fa <lb/>ciat hoc ad rem/huius &aelig;tatis architectos non laudo: qui contigna <lb/>tionibus habendis/ua&longs;tas foraminum lacerationes ip&longs;is in o&longs;&longs;ibus <lb/>parietum reliquunt: quibus ab&longs;oluto pariete trabium capita im <lb/>mittant: Exqua re paries imbecillior atque aduer&longs;us ignium popu <lb/>lationes/&aelig;di&longs;icium male tutum redditur: quod pateant inde ad pro <lb/>ximam aulam aditus incendio. Quare placent apud ueteres qui <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ueuere pa<gap/>ietibus lapideos mutulos firmi&longs;&longs;imos bene commen <lb/>dare: quibus qu&aelig; dixi trabium capita imponantur: quod &longs;i concate <lb/>nari trabeatione parietes uelis/non deerunt an&longs;&aelig; et fibul&aelig; a ne&aelig;/ <lb/>et captus <expan abbr="ext&atilde;tes">extantes</expan> ex mutulo: quibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;modi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> ad <expan abbr="e&atilde;">eam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> utare. <lb/>Trabem omnino integram e&longs;&longs;e et admodum &longs;incerem: mediaque<lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;ertim longitudine &longs;ui uacare menda oportet. Aure ad <expan abbr="alter&utilde;">alterum</expan> <lb/>caput po&longs;ita/ ictus altero ex capite re&longs;onantes accepti &longs;i erunt in <lb/>qua&longs;&longs;i: et obtu&longs;i intimum latere morbum indicabunt. Nodo&longs;ites <lb/>in trabe longe repudianda: pr&aelig;&longs;ertim &longs;i erunt nodi crebri/et <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> <lb/>in cumulum contubero&longs;i: Qu&aelig; ligni pars medull&aelig; ad&longs;it proxi <lb/>ma dolabitur/ ut &longs;tet in opere &longs;uprema. Ex inferiore autem qu&aelig; <lb/>futura e&longs;t trabis &longs;uperficie dedolata/pr&aelig;ter <expan abbr="cortic&etilde;/aut">corticen/aut</expan> nihil/aut <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id queat <expan abbr="minim&utilde;">minimum</expan>. Quo autem in latere tran&longs;uer&longs;i aliquid ap <lb/>paruit uitii: p<gap/>nito id ut &longs;tet &longs;upremum: Oblonga &longs;iqua excurret <lb/>directam per trabem fi&longs;&longs;ura/lateribus ne <expan abbr="c&etilde;mittito">cemmittito</expan>: Sed aut &longs;upre <lb/>m&aelig; aut potius infim&aelig; mandato &longs;uperficiei. Siqua pterebranda <lb/>aut forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="c&otilde;uulneranda">conuulneranda</expan> &longs;it: parcito medi&aelig; longitudini: infi <lb/><expan abbr="m&atilde;que">manque</expan> nel&aelig;dito &longs;uperficiem. Sin <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> uti in ba&longs;ilicis <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruar&utilde;t/">ob&longs;eruarunt/</expan> <lb/>binatim crunt trabes <expan abbr="ponend&aelig;/laxam&etilde;ta">ponend&aelig;/laxamenta</expan> digitorum aliquot inter 
<pb/>mittito: qua re&longs;pirent/ nequid mutuo incale&longs;cendo inficiantur. <lb/>Et conferet quidem per <expan abbr="&longs;ingul&utilde;">&longs;ingulum</expan> par trabes ip&longs;as alternatas collo <lb/>ca&longs;&longs;e: ne iuxta eodem in cubili <expan abbr="ambor&utilde;">amborum</expan> capita conquie&longs;cant: Sed <lb/>ubi i&longs;tius pes/ i&longs;tic alterius caput <expan abbr="inc&utilde;bat">incumbat</expan>: Sic enim mutuo firmi <lb/>ore pedis robore mutu&aelig; leuioris partis imbecillitati &longs;ubuenient: <lb/>et trabes ip&longs;as cognitas e&longs;&longs;e hoc e&longs;t uno materi&aelig; genere/unaque &longs;yl <lb/>ua/ una coeli fronte adultas/ &longs;i fieri pote&longs;t/ eademque die ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;as <lb/>oportet: Quo paribus natur&aelig; uiribus par <expan abbr="offici&utilde;">officium</expan> gerant. Cubilia <lb/>trabibus ad libellam &longs;ternito: ita ut &longs;it eorum quodque &longs;olidum et <lb/><expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>. Cauetoque ponendis trabibus/nequid materies calcem <lb/>attingat: et &longs;inito <expan abbr="circ&utilde;aperta">circunaperta</expan> et libera &longs;piramenta: nequid ullius <lb/>penitus contactu uitietur aut conclu&longs;a tabe&longs;cat. Ad trabis puluil <lb/><expan abbr="l&utilde;">lum</expan> &longs;ub&longs;ternito filicem herbam harentem/aut carbones/aut potius <lb/>amurcam &longs;uis <expan abbr="c&otilde;mixtam">commixtam</expan> nucleis. Sin autem erunt arbores mino <lb/>res/&quml; ut queas integram unico ex <expan abbr="tr&utilde;co">trunco</expan> trabem ponere: plures in <lb/>unam compacturam coagmentato/ita ut in&longs;e artius uim <expan abbr="obtine&atilde;t">obtineant</expan> <lb/>hoc e&longs;t ut &longs;uperior compact&aelig; trabis linea fieri nequic&quml; po&longs;&longs;it pon <lb/><expan abbr="der&utilde;">derum</expan> pre&longs;&longs;ura breuior: et contra inferior linea fieri haud po&longs;&longs;it lon <lb/>gior: Sed qua&longs;i corda ad &longs;upadactos/qui &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;trarus">contrarus</expan> frontibus <lb/><expan abbr="protrud&etilde;t/tr&utilde;cos">protrudent/truncos</expan> <expan abbr="obfirm&atilde;dos">obfirmandos</expan> neruo&longs;o &longs;i&longs;tat captu.</s>
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<s>Tigna proxime omni&longs;que reliqua materies/ quod ex trabe &longs;ecta expe <lb/>diantur/trabis &longs;inceritate integritateque <expan abbr="probab&utilde;tur">probabuntur</expan>. Tabulas ni <lb/><expan abbr="mi&utilde;">mium</expan> &longs;pi&longs;&longs;as putant non <expan abbr="c&etilde;modas">cemmodas</expan>: quoniam detorqueri <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> occepe <lb/>rint/clauos extrudant: et a&longs;&longs;eribus &quml;uis tenuioribus clauos appo <lb/>ni iubent duplices: pr&aelig;&longs;ertim &longs;ub diualibus coa&longs;&longs;ationibus qbus <lb/><expan abbr="tabular&utilde;">tabularum</expan> anguli et media lateraque firmentur. Clauos qui <expan abbr="p&otilde;dera">pondera</expan> <lb/>in tran&longs;uer&longs;um ferant cra&longs;&longs;iores fieri iubent: Alios autem gracili <lb/>ores ubi &longs;int/non reprobant: Sed longiores e&longs;&longs;e hos et capite dila <lb/>tatiores <expan abbr="c&otilde;uenit">conuenit</expan>. &aelig;neos clauos &longs;ubdiuo et inhumecto phenniores: <lb/>ferrei inte&longs;tino in opere et &longs;icco neruo&longs;iores fore compertum ha <lb/>beo. Vbi ex u&longs;u ad firmandam contignationem ueniat/ ligneis <lb/>clauiculis delectantur.</s>
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<s>Qu&aelig; autem de ligneis tectis diximus: eadem et in lapideis trabi <lb/>bus ob&longs;eruabuntur: Tran&longs;uer&longs;&aelig; enim et uen&aelig; et mend&aelig; a <expan abbr="trabi&utilde;">trabium</expan> 
<pb/>u&longs;u reicientur ad <expan abbr="efici&utilde;das">eficiundas</expan> colunnas: aut &longs;i <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> mende moderate <lb/>&amp; leues latera lapidis qbus apparuerint/ <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> inopus <expan abbr="pon&etilde;tur">ponentur</expan> re&longs;u <lb/><expan abbr="pinabun&ttilde;">pinabuntur</expan>. Per longum excurrentes uene qbus uis intrabibus tole <lb/>rabiliores <expan abbr="habebun&ttilde;">habebuntur</expan> &quml; tran&longs;uer&longs;&aelig;: Tabul&aelig; item lapide&aelig; <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> alias <lb/>ob res: tum et ponderis gratia minime cra&longs;&longs;iores ponentur. Que <lb/>demum intetis aut ligneis aut lapideis apponentur a&longs;&longs;eres tigna / <lb/>trabes/neque adeo graciles/ neque adeo rari ponentur ut ad &longs;e &longs;e <expan abbr="&otilde;us">onus</expan> <lb/>que ferendum &longs;int inualidi. Et contra neque adeo cra&longs;&longs;i neque adeo <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>ferti ut opus illepidum et informe reddant. Sed de operis forma <lb/>&amp; gratia alibi. Itaque derectilineo tecto qu&aelig; u&longs;que dicta <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t/&longs;uffici">&longs;unt/&longs;uffici</expan> <lb/>ant: Ni forte illud de&longs;it ut <expan abbr="m&otilde;e&atilde;">moneam</expan> quod qdem omni opere <expan abbr="uehem&etilde;">uehemen</expan> <lb/>ter ob&longs;er <expan abbr="u&atilde;dum">uandum</expan> cen&longs;eo. <expan abbr="Aduerter&utilde;t">Aduerterunt</expan> phy&longs;ici incorporibus <expan abbr="anim&atilde;">animam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ti&utilde;">tium</expan> <expan abbr="natur&atilde;">naturam</expan> a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e opus &longs;uum ita pfinite: ut <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> o&longs;&longs;a abo&longs;&longs;ibu&longs; <lb/>&longs;eparata aut di&longs;iuncta e&longs;&longs;e u&longs;piam uoluerit: &longs;ic etiam nos o&longs;&longs;a o&longs;&longs;i <lb/>bus <expan abbr="c&otilde;iungemus">coniungemus</expan>: et neruis <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti&longs;que">illigamenti&longs;que</expan> belli&longs;&longs;ime affirmabimu&longs;: <lb/>ut &longs;it o&longs;&longs;ium &longs;eries et <expan abbr="c&otilde;pactura">compactura</expan>: qua &longs;ola etiam &longs;i de&longs;int c&aelig;tera/ <lb/>&longs;ter opus &longs;uis <expan abbr="perfinit&utilde;">perfinitum</expan> membris atque firmitatibus.</s>
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<s>Venio ad tecta flexilinea. Atqui ea quidem qu&aelig; omnes ad nume <lb/>ros rectilineis tectis plene re&longs;pondeant <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ideremus">con&longs;ideremus</expan>. Flexilineum <lb/><expan abbr="tect&utilde;">tectum</expan> <expan abbr="con&longs;titu&utilde;t">con&longs;tituunt</expan> arcus: et arcum e&longs;&longs;e trabem inflexam &longs;ua&longs;imus. <lb/>Procurrunt etiam hic <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamenta</expan>: adduntur et qu&aelig; interuacua <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>pleant. Sed uelim apertius intelligi/ quid arcus ip&longs;e &longs;it/ quibus <lb/>ue con&longs;tet partibus: Et enim ducendi arcus rationem traxi&longs;&longs;e ho <lb/>mines hinc puto: Nam cum uiderent trabes duas <expan abbr="i&utilde;ctis">iunctis</expan> capitibus <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e imis pedibus diuaricatis ita firmari/ ut mutuo innexu pari <lb/>bulque contra &longs;e ponderibus &longs;i&longs;terent: placuit <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tum/et">inuentum/et</expan> <expan abbr="coeper&utilde;t">coeperunt</expan> <lb/>i&longs;toc opere di&longs;pluuia &aelig;dificiis tecta apponere. Po&longs;t id forta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>ex <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;tituto">in&longs;tituto</expan> maiorem cooperire aream trabium breuitate nequiui&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent: intermedium ad &longs;ublimia truncorum capita aliquid interpo <lb/>&longs;uere: ut e&longs;&longs;et prope atque apud gr&aelig;cos littera. <gap/>. Appo&longs;itumque<lb/>ip&longs;um id forta&longs;&longs;is cuneum appellauere. Succedente inde argu <lb/>mento multiplicatis cuneis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi arcus effigie effectam &longs;pe <lb/>ctantes probauere: eamque ducendi arcus rationem ad opera lapi <lb/>dea tran&longs;ferentes/integrum additamentis arcum effecere: ut iam 
<pb/>fateri oporteat arcum ip&longs;um cuneorum plu&longs;culorum compactio <lb/>ne con&longs;tare: Quorum alii capitibus infirmis ad arcum ip&longs;um &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;ideant: alii ad dor&longs;um in&longs;identes nodum &longs;pin&aelig; obtineant: Aln <lb/>reliquum expleant ambitum co&longs;tarum. Non &longs;it ab re eadem repe <lb/>tere: qu&aelig; primo in libro recen&longs;uimus. Arcus imer &longs;e differunt: <lb/>Nam e&longs;t quidem rectus/ quem integer &longs;emicirculus con&longs;tituit: <lb/>huius corda per circuli centrum dirigitur. E&longs;t et qui trabis natu <lb/>ram magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> arcus &longs;apiat: hunc <expan abbr="c&otilde;minutum">comminutum</expan> dicimus/ quod &longs;it non <lb/>integer &longs;emicirculus: &longs;ed &longs;it eius quota aliqua pars: huius corda <lb/>a centro di&longs;tat et &longs;upra e&longs;t. E&longs;t et copo&longs;itus arcus: quem undem <lb/>alu angularem/alii actum dicunt: qui ex arcubus duobus commi <lb/>nutis componitur: habetque &longs;ua in corda duo duarum flexarum &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e mutuo &longs;ecantium linearum centra. Rectum arcum omnium <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e firmi&longs;&longs;imum cum re ip&longs;a cen&longs;et: tum et ratione argumen: oque<lb/>mon&longs;tratur. Et di&longs;&longs;olui quidem &longs;ponte quo po&longs;&longs;it pacto non ui <lb/>deo: ni cuneorum alter alterum extrudat: ab qua quidem iniu <lb/>ria tam longe ab&longs;unt: ut etiam alter alterius ope confirmetur: <lb/>Quin etiam ubi forte id moliri aggrediantur/ ponderum natura <lb/>quibus aut &longs;ub&longs;i&longs;tunt/aut imbuti ip&longs;i &longs;unt cunei/uctantur. Hinc <lb/>illud Varronis/ quod ait in arcuatis operibus dextra non magis <lb/>&longs;tare ex &longs;ini&longs;tris/q &longs;ini&longs;tra ex dextris. Et &longs;pectare licet rem: Su <lb/>premus quidem cuneus/ qui ad &longs;pinam mediam unicus &longs;it/ quo <lb/>nam modo erit ualidus cuncos propellere collaterales: aut illis <lb/>ip&longs;is <expan abbr="prem&etilde;tibus">prementibus</expan> quando peterit is quidem ex &longs;ede iam occup<gap/>ta <lb/>protrudi? Qui uero proximi per co&longs;tas <expan abbr="&longs;ucced&utilde;t">&longs;uccedunt</expan> cunei <expan abbr="libram&etilde;">libramen</expan> <lb/>tis ponderum facile in officio continentur. Demum et alterutra <lb/>ad capita qui &longs;ub&longs;ideant cunei/ quid erit cur moueantur &longs;uperio <lb/>ribus in officio per&longs;i&longs;tentibus. Ergo rectis arcubus/qui &longs;e&longs;e &longs;acile <lb/>tueantur cordam non exigimus: in <expan abbr="c&otilde;minutis">comminutis</expan> autem ferream ca <lb/>tenam/ aut quod cord&aelig; uim obtineat/ parietum exten&longs;ionibus hinc <lb/>atque hinc confirmamus: ha&longs;que e&longs;&longs;e exten&longs;iones optamus non bre <lb/><expan abbr="uiores/&qtilde;">uiores/quae</expan> quibus comminutus/qui dee&longs;t ambitus queat integrari: <lb/>Quod ip&longs;um facere ueteres architecti <expan abbr="nunqu&atilde;">nunquam</expan> neglexere: et <gap/>om <lb/>minutos omnes arcus ubi id licuit/ nunquam non intra parietum 
<pb/>latera integrarunt: Quin et pr&aelig;clare illud ob&longs;eruarunt/ut rectis <lb/>trabibus/ubi occ<gap/>&longs;io <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;tabatur/c&otilde;minutum">pr&aelig;&longs;tabatur/comminutum</expan> arcum &longs;upadduce <lb/>rent: Tum et <expan abbr="c&otilde;minutis">comminutis</expan> ip&longs;is arcubus rectos arcus etiam &longs;upadi <lb/>gerent: qui &longs;ub &longs;e po&longs;itos <expan abbr="c&otilde;minutos">comminutos</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;fouerent">confouerent</expan>: et <expan abbr="ponder&utilde;">ponderum</expan> mole <lb/>&longs;tias interciperent. Compo&longs;iti arcus apud ueter<gap/>s non ui&longs;untur. <lb/>Sunt qui turrium apertionibus inducedos putent: quo nimia &longs;up <lb/>impo&longs;ita <expan abbr="p&otilde;dera">pondera</expan> qua&longs;i prora obiecta diffidant: Tam et&longs;i <expan abbr="c&otilde;po&longs;iti">compo&longs;iti</expan> <lb/>arcus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ponderibus confirmentur &longs;upadiectis magis &quml; <lb/>opp<gap/><expan abbr="im&atilde;tur">imantur</expan>. Cuneos quibus arcus ducatur omnes de lato/et quo <lb/>ad fieri po&longs;&longs;it pr&aelig;grandi uelim e&longs;&longs;e ex lapide. Nam e&longs;t quidem <lb/>cuiu&longs;que corporis pars indi&longs;&longs;olubilior: qu&aelig; a natura concreta et co <lb/>unita e&longs;t: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qu&aelig; <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> manu et arte <expan abbr="c&otilde;iuncta">coniuncta</expan> atque compacta <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>. <lb/>E&longs;&longs;e etiam oportet mutuo co&aelig;quales/ut qua&longs;i in libra dextera &longs;i <lb/>ni&longs;tris re&longs;pondeant facie/ magnitudiue/ pondere et eiu&longs;modi. <lb/>Arcus plures &longs;i ad porticus papertiones <expan abbr="c&otilde;tinuatas">continuatas</expan> a columnis et <lb/>capitulis duxeris: facito cunei unde bini aut plures arcus iuncti in <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;urg&utilde;t">&longs;urgunt</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> duo: aut pro <expan abbr="arcu&utilde;">arcuum</expan> numero totidem &longs;int lapides et di&longs; <lb/>&longs;ecti: Sed unicus atque idem pror&longs;us integer: quo huius et i&longs;tius ar <lb/>cus capita <expan abbr="c&otilde;tineantur">contineantur</expan>: Qui uero &longs;ecnndi proximi in hos primos <lb/><expan abbr="in&longs;urg&etilde;t">in&longs;urgent</expan> cunei/&longs;i <expan abbr="pr&aelig;gr&atilde;di">pr&aelig;grandi</expan> <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> ex lapide curato ambo/ alter ad <lb/>alterum &longs;uis h&aelig;reat <expan abbr="i&utilde;ctis">iunctis</expan> ad lineam renibus. Tertius qui &longs;ecun <lb/>dos ho&longs;ce operiet lapis ad <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> leges libella <expan abbr="coaptabi&ttilde;">coaptabitur</expan> nexura <lb/>comparili: ita ut <expan abbr="i&utilde;ctis">iunctis</expan> am<gap/>obus arcubus &longs;eruiat: <expan abbr="ambor&utilde;que">amborunque</expan> cune <lb/>os detineat captu. Toto in arcu facito ut <expan abbr="iunction&utilde;">iunctionum</expan> adh&aelig;&longs;iones/ <lb/>et <expan abbr="c&otilde;clau&longs;ur&aelig;">conclau&longs;ur&aelig;</expan> &longs;uum ad centrum <expan abbr="ditigan&ttilde;">ditigantur</expan>. Spin&aelig; cuncum periti <lb/>unico et integro et pr&aelig;grandi &longs;emper lapide appo&longs;uere: quod &longs;i erit <lb/>muri cra&longs;&longs;itudo maior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut cuneos i&longs;tiusmodi queas integres po <lb/>nere: is demu <gap/> uon arcus/&longs;ed e&longs;&longs;e te&longs;tudo potius incipiet: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> <lb/>nos fornicem appellabimus.</s>
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<s>Te&longs;tudinum uaria &longs;unt genera. <expan abbr="Di&longs;quirend&utilde;">Di&longs;quirendum</expan> quid inter &longs;e diffe <lb/>rant/et quibus lineis <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tituantur">con&longs;tituantur</expan>: Fingenda mihi erunt nomina: <lb/>quo &longs;im/ quem e&longs;&longs;e me his libris maxime <expan abbr="elaborand&utilde;">elaborandum</expan> in&longs;titui: fa <lb/>cilis et minime ob&longs;curus. Neque me pr&aelig;terit Ennium poetam ma <lb/>ximas coeli appella&longs;&longs;e fornices: et <expan abbr="Serui&utilde;">Seruium</expan> cauernas dixi&longs;&longs;e cas e&longs;&longs;e 
<pb/>qu&aelig; in carinarum &longs;int fact&aelig; modum. Sed peto hanc ueniam ut <lb/>his libris id tandem &longs;atis putemus dictum latine: quod cum apte <lb/>ad rem: tum et aperti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="&itilde;telligatur">intelligatur</expan>. Te&longs;tudinum i&longs;ta &longs;unt ge <lb/>nera/fornix/camera/et recta &longs;pherica: et &longs;iqu&aelig; <expan abbr="i&longs;tar&utilde;">i&longs;tarum</expan> quota &longs;unt <lb/>pars: Ex his recta &longs;pherica &longs;ui natura <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ni&longs;i parietibus a circulari <lb/>area <expan abbr="&longs;urg&etilde;tibus">&longs;urgentibus</expan> imponitur. Camera uero te&longs;tudo quadratis debe <lb/>tur areis: Fornicibu&longs; autem are&aelig; <expan abbr="angulor&utilde;">angulorum</expan> quatuor: &longs;eu breuiores <lb/>ill&aelig; <expan abbr="quid&etilde;/&longs;eu">quiden/&longs;eu</expan> oblong&aelig; &longs;int: quales uidemus criptoporticus ope <lb/>riuntur. Te&longs;tudo ea qu&aelig; perforati ad <expan abbr="m&etilde;tis">mentis</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;imilitudin&etilde;">&longs;imilitudinem</expan> ducat: <lb/>Verbi etiam &longs;imilitudine apud nos fornix appellabitur. Erit igi <lb/>tur id ueluti unum atque item alteros ad arcum arcus adegeris: aut <lb/>qua&longs;i flex&aelig; trabis latitudinem exten&longs;am multo ac protinus dila <lb/>tatam reddideris: Exqua re a&longs;&longs;equemur/ut qua&longs;i in&longs;lexus paries <lb/>in caput pro tecto ad&longs;tet. Sin autem fornicem hanc forta&longs;&longs;is a &longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="pt&etilde;trione">ptentrione</expan> ad meridiem proten&longs;am/tran&longs;uer&longs;a altera fornix ab ori <lb/>ente ad <expan abbr="occid&etilde;tem">occidentem</expan> &longs;olem peruadens totis lineis <expan abbr="&longs;ecuerit/te&longs;tudin&etilde;">&longs;ecuerit/te&longs;tudinem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tituent">con&longs;tituent</expan>: quam inflexorum <expan abbr="cornu&utilde;">cornuum</expan> &longs;imilitudine: qu&aelig; in angu <lb/>los procurrant cameram <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupabimus">nuncupabimus</expan>. Qd &longs;i arcus ip&longs;i complu <lb/>res et co&aelig;quales mutuo unicum in punctum medii culminis &longs;e&longs;e <lb/>inter&longs;ecuerint: te&longs;tudinem <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tituent">con&longs;tituent</expan> coelo &longs;imilem: rectam inde <lb/>&longs;phericam appellari hanc placuit. Qu&aelig; te&longs;tudines aliqua <expan abbr="i&longs;tar&utilde;">i&longs;tarum</expan> <lb/>e partibus con&longs;tet/h&aelig; &longs;unt. Nam &longs;i coeli emi&longs;pherium natura per <lb/><expan abbr="p&etilde;diculari">pendiculari</expan> et recta &longs;ectione ab oriente ad occidentem uer&longs;us duas <lb/>in partes diui&longs;erit: Te&longs;tudines dabit geminas: qu&aelig; quidem &longs;ca <lb/>phis emiciclorum pro tecto &longs;unt. Sin autem ab <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tis">orientis</expan> angulo ad <lb/>angulum meridier: et a meridiano i&longs;toc ad angulum occidentis: <lb/>et ab <gap/>&longs;to ad angulum <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trionis">&longs;eptentrionis</expan>: et a &longs;eptentrionali quoque i&longs;toc <lb/>ad primarium illud orientis angulum pari tatione natura <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> <lb/>&longs;eptum et <expan abbr="c&otilde;mutilatum">commutilatum</expan> coeli emi&longs;pherium reddiderit: <expan abbr="re&longs;tudin&etilde;">re&longs;tudinem</expan> <lb/>tum quidem in medio relinquet: quam nos turgidi ueli &longs;imilitu <lb/>dine auleam <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupabimus">nuncupabimus</expan>. Inqua uero perficiunda plures forni <lb/>cis partes conu<gap/>iant: quale&longs; uidemus &longs;ex octo ue angulorum are <lb/>a&longs; te&longs;tudinari: hanc no&longs; &longs;phericam angularem appellabimu&longs;. <lb/>Te&longs;tudinum <expan abbr="a&longs;truendar&utilde;">a&longs;truendarum</expan> ratio eadem qu&aelig; in muri&longs; <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruabi&ttilde;">a&longs;&longs;eruabitur</expan>: 
<pb/>O&longs;&longs;a enim integra ad <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mum">&longs;ummum</expan> u&longs;que te&longs;tudinis ex o&longs;&longs;ibus parictis <lb/>in&longs;urgent: et pro <expan abbr="illor&utilde;">illorum</expan> modo i&longs;tic impo&longs;ita <expan abbr="perduc&etilde;tur">perducentur</expan>: et inter <lb/>&longs;e quota aliqua di&longs;tabunt parte. Ab o&longs;&longs;ibus uero ad o&longs;&longs;a <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;">illigamen</expan> <lb/>ta protrahentur: et media <expan abbr="c&otilde;plementa">complementa</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;arci&etilde;tur">in&longs;arcientur</expan>. Sed in hoc d. f <lb/>ferunt: quod in pariete ad rectam regulam <expan abbr="norm&atilde;que">normanque</expan> et libell<gap/>m/<gap/>i <lb/>des et &longs;inguli ordines <expan abbr="coagment&atilde;tur">coagmentantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="compon&utilde;tur">componuntur</expan>: In te&longs;tudi <lb/>ne <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> ordines ad flexam regulam/et lapidis omnes <expan abbr="c&otilde;clau&longs;ur&aelig;">conclau&longs;ur&aelig;</expan> <lb/>ad &longs;ui arcus <expan abbr="c&etilde;trum">centrum</expan> <expan abbr="dirig&utilde;tur">diriguntur</expan>. O&longs;&longs;a &longs;erme <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> induxere uete <lb/>res ni&longs;i cocto ex latere/codemque <expan abbr="utplurim&utilde;">utplurimum</expan> bipedali: <expan abbr="mon&etilde;tque">monentque</expan> te <lb/>&longs;tudinum complementa ab&longs;oluas lapide leui&longs;&longs;imo: nequid muri <lb/>iniquo abhinc pondere <expan abbr="fatig&etilde;tur">fatigentur</expan>. Con&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> aduerti aliquos <lb/><expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;ima Semper o&longs;&longs;a perducere: Sed o&longs;&longs;ium loco &longs;par&longs;im <lb/>&longs;tantes inlatus lateres inter&longs;e rui&longs;&longs;e/capitibus pectinatim in &longs;e <expan abbr="i&utilde;">ium</expan> <lb/>ctis: uti &longs;iquis dexter&aelig; manus <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mos">&longs;ummos</expan> digitos <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mis">&longs;ummis</expan> &longs;ini&longs;tris digi <lb/>tis inter&longs;tringat: Et intermedia complere <expan abbr="cem&etilde;titio">cementitio</expan> conge&longs;tu: et <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;ertim pumice <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ueuerunt">con&longs;ueuerunt</expan>: quem <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> lapidem te&longs;tudi<gap/><lb/>tionibus complendis <expan abbr="c&otilde;modi&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">commodi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e omnes <expan abbr="profit&etilde;tur">profitentur</expan>. Sed ar <lb/>cubus et te&longs;tudinibus &longs;truendis <expan abbr="armam&etilde;to">armamento</expan> opus e&longs;t: id rudis et <expan abbr="t&etilde;">tem</expan> <lb/>poranea qu&aelig;dam e&longs;t contignatio ad flex&aelig; line&aelig; ambitum diffini <lb/>ta: cui pro corio et cute aut crates aut harundines/aut uilia i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tern">con&longs;tern</expan><gap/>/ &longs;u&longs;tinend&aelig; coaggerationis in te&longs;tudine quoad <lb/>duruerit. E&longs;t tamen inter te&longs;tudines una omnium recta &longs;pherica <lb/>qu&aelig; <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> non po&longs;tulet: quando ea quidem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ex arcubus &longs;o <lb/>lum con&longs;tat: uerum etiam coronis. Et quis po&longs;&longs;it referre aut me <lb/><expan abbr="ditari/&qtilde;">ditari/quae</expan> &longs;int horum uterque <expan abbr="&itilde;numerabiles">innumerabiles</expan> h&aelig;rentes ada<gap/>ti &longs;ele mu <lb/>tuo inter&longs;ecantes/ad pares angulos et ad impares: ut quotocumque<lb/>loco per uniuer&longs;am te&longs;tudinem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi aliquem inter&longs;ecueris <lb/><expan abbr="lapidem/plurimor&utilde;">lapidem/plurimorum</expan> intelligasre et arcuum et coronarum <expan abbr="cune&utilde;">cuneum</expan> <lb/>appo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e: et coronam qui coron&aelig; &longs;upa&longs;truxerit: et iam arcum/ <lb/>qui alterum arcum pduxerit/ fingito uelle id opus labe&longs;cere/ un <lb/>de incipiet? Cunctis pr&aelig;&longs;ertim cuneis unum centrum petentibus <lb/>pari et uiribus et <expan abbr="&itilde;nixu">innixu</expan>. Huius te&longs;tudinis firmitate plerique apud <lb/>ueteres adeo abu&longs;i &longs;unt: ut &longs;olum in quotos aliquos pedes te&longs;tace <lb/>as &longs;implices coronas in&longs;trauerint: C&aelig;teram uero <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&etilde;">te&longs;tudinem</expan> opere 
<pb/>rumultuario cementariam per&longs;undendo materiem perf<gap/>cerint. <lb/>Sed longe cos probo qui interducendum opus cura<gap/>in<gap/> ut qua ar <lb/>te lap<gap/>ies in paricte illigantur/ eadem hic coron&aelig; inferiores pro <lb/>ximis &longs;u<gap/>erio: ibus: et arcus inuicem arcubus locis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> tari&longs;&longs;imis <lb/>in<gap/> c<gap/>ntur: pra&longs;ertim &longs;i haren&aelig; &longs;e&longs;&longs;ice&aelig; copia <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;uppeditabit <lb/>aut maritimis hau&longs;trinis ue opus obnciatur. Angularem quoque<lb/>te&longs;tudinem &longs;phericam modo per eius i&longs;tius cra&longs;&longs;itudinem iectam <lb/>&longs;phericam inter&longs;truas/ poteris attollere nullis armamentis: Sed <lb/>i&longs;tic nexura poti&longs;&longs;imum opus e&longs;t: qua huius imbecill&aelig; partes par <lb/>tibus illius firmioribus arcti&longs;&longs;ime illigentur: Tamen con&longs;eret <lb/>ductis iam una atque alteris lapideis/ et duratis ceronis/ leuia il <lb/>lic &longs;ubillaqueare amenta et an&longs;<gap/>: quibus tantum armamenti com <lb/>mittas: quantum &longs;at &longs;it ferendis coronis his qu&aelig; aliquet ind<gap/> in <lb/>pedes <expan abbr="&longs;upera&longs;truan&ttilde;">&longs;upera&longs;truantur</expan> quoad &longs;icc<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;c&atilde;t">&longs;cant</expan>: Et deinceps cumb q<gap/>que<lb/>partes duruerint/in quotos quo&longs;que ordines i&longs;ta h&aelig;c a<gap/>mam<gap/>&longs; b <lb/>&longs;idia ad &longs;uprema perficiunda tran&longs;terre: quoad u&longs;que opus <gap/>b<gap/>u <lb/>tum reddideris. Te&longs;tudo/Camura/ atque item fornix a<gap/>mamen <lb/>tis &longs;ub&longs;titutis inducatur uece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. Sed uelim i&longs;tarum primes <lb/>ordines/et arcuum capita <gap/> mi&longs;&longs;imis &longs;edibus <expan abbr="c&etilde;mendari">cemmendari</expan>. Neque<lb/>placen: qui prius totos parietes extollunt &longs;olis pediculis mutulo <lb/>rum relictis/quibus po&longs;t tempora te&longs;tudinem <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan><gap/>ittant <expan abbr="in&longs;um&utilde;">in&longs;umum</expan> <lb/>opus atque incon&longs;tans. Quare &longs;i me audient una hi quidem arcus <lb/>et paribus ordinibus cum &longs;uo pariete cui inh&aelig;reant/ducentur: <lb/>quo id opus pluribus per&quml; ualde id fieri pote&longs;t firmi&longs;&longs;imis ne<gap/>i <lb/>bus couniatur. Vacua uero inter a&longs;&longs;urgentes inflexus <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&utilde;">te&longs;tudinum</expan> <lb/>et parietem cui adh&aelig;reant relic<gap/>a/ quem lecum fabri coxam nun <lb/>cupant/ infarciantur non tellure aut &longs;olu<gap/>s ruderibus &longs;iccis: &longs;ed <lb/>potius &longs;tructura ordinaria et &longs;tabili/ parietique iteum atque iteum <lb/>connexa. Et placent qui leuandi oneris gra<gap/>a / fictilia ua&longs;a <lb/>a <gap/>aria uacua per coxarum cra&longs;&longs;itudines indidere <gap/>mo&longs;a atque<lb/>inuer&longs;a: nequid collecta illic humiditate ingraue&longs;ecit: Et ce <lb/>menta &longs;uperin&longs;undere ex lapide minime graui / &longs;ed alic quin <lb/>tenaci. Tota demum in te&longs;tudine uticumque illa &longs;it / 
<pb/>naturam imitabimur: qu&aelig; quidem cum o&longs;&longs;a adiunxit o&longs;&longs;ibus: <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <lb/>et carnes ip&longs;as intexuit uillulis nexura per omnes diametros <expan abbr="&itilde;ter">inter</expan> <lb/>ductis inlongum/in latum/ in profundum/ in obliqumu? Hoc <lb/>nobis artificium natur&aelig; lapidibus inter&longs;erendis ad te&longs;tudines imi <lb/>tandum cen&longs;eo.</s>
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<s>His ab&longs;olutis <expan abbr="proxim&utilde;">proximum</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="in&longs;tern&atilde;tur/res">in&longs;ternantur/res</expan> intota &aelig;dificatione <lb/>primaria/et <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> magis nece&longs;&longs;aria &quml; difficilis: inqua a&longs;&longs;equenda et <lb/>pficiunda omnis <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> cura et diligentia iterum atque iterum ela <lb/>borauit. De his nobis dicendum e&longs;t: Sed prius illud <expan abbr="inter&longs;erend&utilde;">inter&longs;erendum</expan> <lb/>iuuat: quod ad <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&utilde;">te&longs;tudinum</expan> opus inprimis &longs;pectat. Et enim inter te <lb/>&longs;tudines ab&longs;oluendas differentia e&longs;t: Nam qui arcus aut te&longs;tudo <lb/>&longs;ubiectis armamentis facienda <expan abbr="&longs;it/c&otilde;fe&longs;tim">&longs;it/confe&longs;tim</expan> atque minime intermi&longs; <lb/>&longs;o opere a&longs;truatur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Qu&aelig; uero &longs;ine armamentis fiat/in <lb/>tercalationibus prope &longs;ingulos <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> ordines <expan abbr="&itilde;diget">indiget</expan>: quoad <expan abbr="c&otilde;ge&longs;ta">conge&longs;ta</expan> fir <lb/>mentur: ne partes noui&longs;&longs;im&aelig; &longs;upadiect&aelig;/pri&longs;tinis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;atis firma <lb/>tis/re&longs;olut&aelig; defluant. Et pr&aelig;terea armamentatis te&longs;tudinibus iu <lb/>uat ilico/ubi <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mis">&longs;ummis</expan> conclu&longs;&aelig; fuerint cuneis paulo/ut ita loquar/ <lb/>relentare &longs;ubices/quibus <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> &longs;ub&longs;tineantur: Id quidem ut <lb/>recenti adhuc in opere <expan abbr="c&otilde;mi&longs;&longs;i">commi&longs;&longs;i</expan> cunei <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> natent inter <expan abbr="fom&etilde;">fomen</expan><gap/>a et ful <lb/><expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> calcis: Sed <expan abbr="coequabil&etilde;">coequabilem</expan> inter &longs;e acquie&longs;cendi &longs;edem &longs;uis libratis <lb/>ponderibus occupent: Alioquin inter &longs;icci&longs;cendum conge&longs;ta non <lb/>ut opus <expan abbr="po&longs;tulat/c&otilde;&longs;tipat&aelig;">po&longs;tulat/con&longs;tipat&aelig;</expan> <expan abbr="congruer&etilde;t">congruerent</expan>: &longs;ed rimas <expan abbr="relinquer&etilde;t">relinquerent</expan> &longs;e <lb/>dendo: Idcirco &longs;ic fiat/non pror&longs;us adiman ur: &longs;ed indies &longs;en&longs;im <lb/><expan abbr="relent&etilde;tur">relententur</expan> <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan>: ne &longs;i non <expan abbr="att&etilde;perate">attemperate</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ubdemas/crud&utilde;">&longs;ubdemas/crudum</expan> opus <lb/>&longs;equatur. Po&longs;t dies uero aliquos pro operis magnitudine adhuc <lb/>plu&longs;eulum <expan abbr="rel&etilde;tato">relentato</expan>: Sic deinceps facito/quoad lapidei per te&longs;tudi <lb/>nem cunei &longs;e&longs;e coaptent/et opus dure&longs;cat. <expan abbr="Relent&atilde;di">Relentandi</expan> modus hic <lb/>e&longs;t: Nam cum operis <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> in pilis aut ubi <expan abbr="c&otilde;ducat">conducat</expan> con&longs;titu <lb/>eris: primum illic &longs;ubigis capitibus ip&longs;is armamenti cuneos ligne <lb/>os ad bipennis &longs;imilitudinem acuminatos. Cum igitur relema<gap/>e <lb/>opus libuerit/ malleolo cuneos ho&longs;ce di&longs;trudes &longs;en&longs;im quoad uo <lb/>les/ &longs;ine periculo. Denique &longs;ic &longs;tatuo/non ante integram per <lb/>pe&longs;&longs;am hyemem armamenta e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ubdemenda: Id quidem <gap/>ur<gap/><lb/>ob c&aelig;teras res: tum ne imbrium madefactione eneruatum re&longs;o<gap/>
<pb/>tumque opus proruat: Tam et&longs;i dari te&longs;tudinibus nihil <expan abbr="c&otilde;modius">commodius</expan> <lb/>pote&longs;t: q ut aquam abunde combibant/et <expan abbr="nunqu&atilde;">nunquam</expan> &longs;itim &longs;entiant. <lb/>Hactenus de his.</s>
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<s>Redeo ad tecti cru&longs;tam. Nempe &longs;i recte interpretamur/nihil e&longs;t <lb/>in toto &aelig;dificio <expan abbr="antiquius/&qtilde;">antiquius/quae</expan> habere &longs;ub quo urentes &longs;oles atque e <lb/>coelo cadentes tempe&longs;tates profugiens excipiare. Id adeo benefi <lb/>cium tibi ut perhenne &longs;it/pr&aelig;&longs;tat non paries/non area/non q duis <lb/>i&longs;torum <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan>: &longs;ed una inprimis <expan abbr="quant&utilde;">quantum</expan> uidere licet/extrema te <lb/>cti cru&longs;tula: quam ip&longs;am habere contra omnes <expan abbr="tempor&utilde;">temporum</expan> iniurias <lb/>ualidam/ prout rei nece&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;tulat/ atque <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tantem">con&longs;tantem</expan> hominum <lb/>indu&longs;tria et artes facto rerum <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> periculo uixdum &longs;atis reper <lb/>tam reddidere. Neque facile reperiri po&longs;&longs;e confido: Nam cum <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;olum imbrem: uerum et gelationes et &aelig;&longs;tus/et <expan abbr="omm&utilde;">ommum</expan> item infe <lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi uenti lace&longs;&longs;ere <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> <expan abbr="intermitt&atilde;t">intermittant</expan>: quis tam a&longs;&longs;iduos <expan abbr="t&atilde;queacerrimos">tanque<lb/>acerrimos</expan> ho&longs;tes tolerare u&longs;piam diutius po&longs;&longs;it: Hinc e&longs;t quod alia <lb/>ilico putre&longs;cunt: alia <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;olu&utilde;tur">di&longs;&longs;oluuntur</expan>: alia parietes <expan abbr="deprim&utilde;t">deprimunt</expan>: alia fin <lb/>duntur/rumpuntur: alia <expan abbr="ab&longs;terg&utilde;tur">ab&longs;terguntur</expan>: ut ne metalla quidem alibi <lb/>contra <expan abbr="tempe&longs;tat&utilde;">tempe&longs;tatum</expan> iniurias inuicta i&longs;tic tam multas perferrc offen <lb/>&longs;iones queant. Sed homines pro locorum natura copi<gap/>m rerum/ <lb/>qu&aelig; ad manus &longs;ubueniret non a&longs;pernati/ quoad licuit nece&longs;&longs;itati <lb/>prouiderunt: Ergo uari&aelig; <expan abbr="contegendor&utilde;">contegendorum</expan> operum oita ob&longs;eruatio <lb/>nes. Pyrges inquit Vetruuius/ harundine: et apud Ma&longs;&longs;iliam <lb/>&longs;ubacta cum paleis terra <expan abbr="operi&utilde;t">operiunt</expan>. Thelophagi apud <gap/><expan abbr="aram&atilde;tas/">aramantas/</expan> <lb/>ut refert <expan abbr="Plinius/te&longs;tudin&utilde;">Plinius/te&longs;tudinum</expan> &longs;uperficiem cru&longs;tis tegunt. Maxima <lb/>pars Germani&aelig; a&longs;&longs;erulis utitur. In Belgica prouincia candidum <lb/>facilius <expan abbr="&longs;ec&atilde;t">&longs;ecant</expan> <expan abbr="lapidem/&qtilde;">lapidem/quae</expan> <expan abbr="lign&utilde;">lignum</expan> tenues in laminas: quas pro tegu <lb/>lis <expan abbr="expon&utilde;t">exponunt</expan>. Ligures &aelig;tru&longs;cique tegendis &aelig;dibus laca&longs;tras <expan abbr="adhib&etilde;t">adhibent</expan> <lb/>cru&longs;to&longs;o ex lapide di&longs;ceptas. Alii <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ta">pauimenta</expan> dequibus mox <expan abbr="refer&atilde;">referam</expan> <lb/>experti/tandem <expan abbr="o&itilde;bus">oimbus</expan> <expan abbr="periclitatis/n&otilde;dum">periclitatis/nondum</expan> tamen ingenia et indu <lb/>&longs;tria <expan abbr="mortali&utilde;">mortalium</expan> inuenere <expan abbr="c&otilde;modius">commodius</expan> tegula te&longs;tacea: Nam <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;">pauimen</expan> <lb/>torum quidem opus pruinis &longs;cabre&longs;cit/ findit/&longs;idet. Plumbum <lb/>feruoribus &longs;olis collique&longs;cit. &aelig;s &longs;i graue e&longs;t/ magno ponitur: &longs;i <lb/>tenue/ uentis deturbatur/ atque &aelig;rugine gracile&longs;cit/ abla<gap/>eratur. <lb/><expan abbr="Tegul&atilde;">Tegulam</expan> ciprium <expan abbr="qu&etilde;dam">quendam</expan> <expan abbr="Crini&atilde;">Criniam</expan> agricol&aelig; <expan abbr="fili&utilde;">filium</expan> inueni&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="fer&utilde;t">ferunt</expan>. 
<pb/>Eius duo &longs;unt genera: unum planum/latum pedem/longum eubi <lb/>tum &longs;pondis hinc atque hinc hirtis extantibus ad &longs;ui latitudinem <lb/>partem nonam: Aliud aduolutum et crurium tuendarum arma <lb/>imitetur: Ambo qua imbrem defluentem capiant apertiores: qua <lb/>cuomant arctiores. Sed plani imbrices <expan abbr="c&otilde;modiores">commodiores</expan> &longs;unt: modo <lb/>ita iungantur ad regulam et libellam/ne in latus <expan abbr="p&etilde;deant">pendeant</expan>: necubi <lb/>lacun&aelig; intercurrant/ aut tumuli extent: nequid tran&longs;uer&longs;i fluen <lb/>tem pluuiam interpellat: nequid interuacuum relinquatur. Va <lb/>&longs;ta &longs;i erit tecei &longs;uperficies/ampliores exigentur tegul&aelig;: ne imbri <lb/>um riuuli canalibus non recipientibus <expan abbr="&longs;uperfund&atilde;tur">&longs;uperfundantur</expan>. Tegulam <lb/>ne turbines a&longs;portent/ uelim omnem fultu calcis affirmari: pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ertim in publicis operibus: Nam in priuatis &longs;at erit &longs;i prima &longs;til <lb/>licidia contra uentorum impetum affirmaris: tum et &longs;oluti aptius <lb/>in&longs;taurantur/ubi uitium factum &longs;it. Alioquid id hunc in <expan abbr="mod&utilde;">modum</expan> <lb/>fiet apti&longs;&longs;ime: Nam in tectis <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ligneis a&longs;&longs;ium loco te&longs;tace&aelig; <lb/>tabellul&aelig; ad decurrentes quadrulos extendentur uinct&aelig; gyp&longs;o. <lb/>In has tabellulas &longs;uperin&longs;ternentur plani imbrices/ et firmabun <lb/>tur calce: Opus id contra ignes tuti&longs;&longs;imum/et ad u&longs;um <expan abbr="incolar&utilde;">incolarum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="accommodati&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">accommodati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: Et minore fiet impen&longs;a/ &longs;i tabellu&longs;arum lo <lb/>co cannam gr&aelig;cam &longs;ubin&longs;traueris/ calceque firmaris. Tegulam/ <lb/>quam pr&aelig;&longs;ertim operibus publicis calce affirmaris/uelim non ni <lb/>&longs;i biennio &longs;ub gelu et &longs;ole habitam &longs;umas: Inualida enim &longs;i fuerit <lb/>po&longs;ita/non &longs;ine operis di&longs;pendio tolletur. Subuenit ut illud refe <lb/>ram/quod apud Diodorum hi&longs;toricum celebres illos ad hortos <lb/>pen&longs;iles Syri&aelig; nouo et minime inutili inuento factum legimus: <lb/>Nam in trabibus quidem harundines a&longs;plato oblitas appo&longs;uere: <lb/>in eas coctos lapides coaptauere duplici in&longs;tratura uinctos gyp&longs;o: <lb/>Tertio loco plumbeas <expan abbr="adi&utilde;xere">adiunxere</expan> tegulas ita <expan abbr="c&otilde;flatas">conflatas</expan> atque <expan abbr="coagm&etilde;">coagmen</expan> <lb/>tatas: ut nullus humor ad primos lateres penetraret.</s>
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<s>Venio ad pauimenta: quando ea quidem tectorum naturam &longs;a <lb/>piunt. Horum alia &longs;ubdiuo: alia contignatis: alia non contigna <lb/>tis: utri&longs;que &longs;olidam et ad &longs;uas lineas <expan abbr="exact&atilde;">exactam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e oportet <expan abbr="&longs;upfici&etilde;">&longs;upficiem</expan>: <lb/>ubi <expan abbr="inducan&ttilde;">inducantur</expan>. Subdiuo &longs;upficies <expan abbr="fa&longs;tigiabi&ttilde;">fa&longs;tigiabitur</expan>: ut indenos quo&longs;que pe <lb/>des nihil minus binum declinet digitum. Et habebit quo aqua 
<pb/>defluens aut in ci&longs;ternas excipiatur: aut deriuetur in coaclas. His <lb/>ex cloacis &longs;i aut in mare aut in amnes non poterit refundi/ infun <lb/>dito aptis locis puteos ad aquam u&longs;que &longs;caturientem: fe&longs;&longs;amque re <lb/>pleto &longs;axo globo&longs;o. Id demum &longs;i non licebit/ foueas inquiunt fa <lb/>cito capaces/et indito carbones: deinde completo &longs;abulo/h<gap/>c hu <lb/>moris exuberantiam &longs;orbebunt atque ab&longs;ument. C&aelig;terum &longs;i erit <lb/>are&aelig; &longs;olum conge&longs;titium/fe&longs;tucabitur acurati&longs;&longs;ime et &longs;uperindu <lb/>cetur/cum &longs;catumine rudus: Sin autem erit &longs;ubcontignata &longs;uper <lb/>ficies: tunc altera &longs;uperaffigatur tran&longs;uer&longs;a coa&longs;&longs;atio/ et &longs;tatumi <lb/>netur/et inducatur rudus cra&longs;&longs;um pede: Subrudus &longs;unt qui &longs;par <lb/>tum aut filicem &longs;ub&longs;ternendam putent: nequid materia calcis <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tactu urtietur. Rudus &longs;i erit nouum/ad tres partes una calcis mi <lb/>&longs;ceatur: &longs;i re&longs;iduum ad quinque du&aelig;: inductum con&longs;pi&longs;&longs;etur/ce <lb/>dendo uectibus celeberrime: His ad cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digitorum &longs;e <lb/>num addatur pultis extexta trita: qu&aelig; ad tris partis unam habeat <lb/>admixtam caleis. Vltimo in&longs;erantur &longs;ertilia/aut te&longs;ta &longs;picacea/ <lb/>aut te&longs;&longs;ere ad lineam et regulam. Tucius erit opus/&longs;i inter &longs;catu <lb/>men et pulrem imbrices tegul&aelig; iunct&aelig; calce ex oleo <expan abbr="in&longs;tern&etilde;tur">in&longs;ternentur</expan>. <lb/>Pauimentum non &longs;ubdiuale/quod eius ob&longs;ic<gap/>itatem egregie pro <lb/>bant/ &longs;ic fieri iubet Varro: fodito ad pedes binos/ et fe&longs;tucato &longs;o <lb/>lum: et in ducito aut rudus aut re&longs;taceum <expan abbr="pauiment&utilde;">pauimentum</expan>: Dimittito <lb/>apertas nares: unde &longs;uos per canales humor extillet: congerito <lb/>carbones: hi&longs;que proculcatis atque admodum in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;atis inducito &longs;a <lb/>bulone et calce et fauilla mixtam offam cra&longs;&longs;itudine &longs;emipedali. <lb/>H&aelig;c qu&aelig; hactenus recen&longs;uimus ex Plinio atque inprimis Vetru <lb/>uio interpretati &longs;umus.</s>
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<s>Nunc qu&aelig; de pauimentis ex ueterum operibus &longs;umma et cura et <lb/>diligentia collegerim/referam: a quibus plura me longe &quml; a &longs;eri <lb/>ptoribus profiteor didici&longs;&longs;e. Atqui incipiam quidem a &longs;umma <lb/><expan abbr="cru&longs;ta/qu&atilde;&qtilde;">cru&longs;ta/quanquae</expan> non infirmam et rimo&longs;am habere per &quml; difficile qui <lb/>dem e&longs;&longs;e: Nam cum humore pregnans e&longs;t humida/fit &longs;ole uen <lb/>tis ue ut &longs;ummotenus &longs;icce&longs;cat. Ex qua re uti in re&longs;iduo alluui <lb/>onis uidemus luto contrahitur cutis/ atque fi&longs;&longs;uras pandit ine <lb/>mendabiles: Nam illic partes qu&aelig; aruerint / quouis ar<gap/>ificio 
<pb/>amplius non coh&aelig;rent. Humect&aelig; uero partes facile protrahenti <lb/>bus c&aelig;dunt et &longs;ecuntur. Cru&longs;tam uideo aut te&longs;taceam impo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ueteres/aut lapideam: Nam tegulas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> maxime ubi pedibus <lb/>non pre&longs;&longs;entur/po&longs;itas uidi quaque uei&longs;us latas cubito <expan abbr="i&utilde;ctas">iunctas</expan> calce <lb/>ex oieo: et ui&longs;untur laterculi minuti cra&longs;&longs;i unum lati binum digi <lb/>tum: longi duplo <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> lati iuncti &longs;tantes in latus ad &longs;picarum imita <lb/><expan abbr="tion&etilde;">tionem</expan>. Lapideas cru&longs;tas uidere pa&longs;&longs;im licet ex tabulis marmoreis <lb/>grandioribus: et item ex re&longs;ectis minutioribus atque te&longs;&longs;erulis. <lb/>Pr&aelig;terea &longs;pectantur uetu&longs;t&aelig; cru&longs;t&aelig; ex &longs;ola materia: qu&aelig; fiat iun <lb/>cta calce/harena et tun&longs;a te&longs;ta minutiore <expan abbr="quant&utilde;">quantum</expan> coniector ex ter <lb/>tia. <expan abbr="Comperc&utilde;">Compercum</expan> habeo cru&longs;tas ha&longs;ce fore firmiores et con&longs;tantiores <lb/>&longs;i partem adieceris quartam tun&longs;i lapidis tyburtini. Sunt qui pu <lb/><expan abbr="teolan&utilde;">teolanum</expan> puluerem/quem rapillum <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant/">nuncupant/</expan> huic operi probent <lb/><expan abbr="mir&utilde;">mirum</expan> in modum. Cru&longs;tas item qu&aelig; ex &longs;ola &longs;int materia obduct&aelig; <lb/>experiri licet/ uerberatu crebriore et indies iterato acquirere &longs;pi&longs; <lb/>&longs;itudinem et duritiem prope ut &longs;uperet lapidem: Et cru&longs;tis i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi con&longs;tat/ &longs;i lotura calcis a&longs;pergantur: &longs;i oleo linaceo oblini <lb/>antur/ importari duritiem quandam uitream/et contra tempe&longs;ta <lb/>tes ill&aelig;&longs;am. Calcem oleo &longs;ubactam affirmant nihil <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tis">pauimentis</expan> no <lb/><expan abbr="ciu&utilde;">ciuum</expan> admittere. Sub cru&longs;ta uideo affu&longs;am materiam ex calce et <lb/>minutulis te&longs;t&aelig; perfract&aelig; ad cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digitorum binum tri <lb/>numque: Sub ea offenditur qua&longs;i infarctura partim ex te&longs;ta perfra <lb/>cta: partim ex minutulis lapidum/qu&aelig; fabri excu&longs;&longs;erint &longs;calpro: <lb/>et hanc ferme cra&longs;&longs;am pedem alibi inter &longs;uperiorem: atque hanc in <lb/>uenio te&longs;taceos laterculos &longs;ub&longs;tratos po&longs;tremo infimum &longs;axa &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;idunt pugnis non maiora. Videre licet in torrente &longs;axa qu&aelig; ma <lb/>&longs;cula dicuntur: uti &longs;unt globo&longs;a &longs;ilicea et uitraria/ ilico ex aquis <lb/>&longs;icce&longs;cere: Te&longs;tam uero et tofum et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi diu &longs;eruare <expan abbr="c&otilde;cep">concep</expan> <lb/>tum humorem. Exquo &longs;unt qui affirment <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> penetrare <expan abbr="admod&utilde;">admodum</expan> <lb/>ad cru&longs;tas humorem ex tellure: ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ubin&longs;trat&utilde;">&longs;ubin&longs;tratum</expan> i&longs;toc &longs;iet &longs;axo pa <lb/><expan abbr="uiment&utilde;">uimentum</expan>. Vidimus <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> qui in pu&longs;illas pilas &longs;exquipedales qua <lb/>drato <expan abbr="ord&imacr;e">ordine</expan> p <expan abbr="&longs;ol&utilde;">&longs;olum</expan> binos in pedes di&longs;po&longs;itas/appo&longs;uere tegulas te <lb/>&longs;taceas: qbus <expan abbr="&imacr;&longs;truxere">in&longs;truxere</expan> &quml;le diximus <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;t&utilde;">pauimentum</expan>. Sed hoc <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ti">pauimenti</expan> <lb/>genus pr&aelig;cipue ad balneas pertinet: de quibus &longs;uo dicetur loco. 
<pb/>humore humectoque aere gaudent pauimenta dum fiunt. Et in um <lb/>bro&longs;o atque humido firmiora et integriora &longs;eruantur. Et pat imen <lb/>tis nocua inprimis &longs;unt/&longs;oli infirmitas/et repens ex&longs;iccatio. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <lb/>ueluti reiteratis pluuiis den&longs;atur in aruis tellus: ita et pauimenta <lb/>abunde humectata unam integramque in&longs;oliditatem <expan abbr="ferruminan&ttilde;">ferruminantur</expan>. <lb/>Quo in loco pauimenti ex fi&longs;tulis tectorum imber cadens excipi <lb/>tur/ lapideam po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e oportet cru&longs;tam per&quml; integram et admo <lb/>dum &longs;olidam: ne impotentium guttarum a&longs;&longs;idua/ut ita loquar/ <lb/>improbitate refodiatur atque uitietur. Pr&aelig;terea <expan abbr="pauiment&utilde;">pauimentum</expan> quod <lb/>in materia et contignato in&longs;ternitur curandum e&longs;t ut o&longs;&longs;a quibus <lb/>&longs;u&longs;tineatur/uiribus &longs;int ualida et inter &longs;e co&aelig;qualia: Qu&aelig; res &longs;i <lb/>non erit: puta &longs;iquo loco aut paries aut trabs ualde robu&longs;tior c&aelig;te <lb/>ris &longs;ubiccta &longs;it: co loci findetur pauimentum atque uitiabitur. Nam <lb/>cum materia <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;emper eodem tenore uigoreque con&longs;i&longs;tat/&longs;ed tem <lb/>porum uarietatibus moueatur/ humidis mo&longs;&longs;e&longs;cit: &longs;iccis ad rigi <lb/>ditatem &longs;e&longs;e reuocat atque obfirmat: ea re partibus eneruatioribus <lb/>&longs;ub pondere laborantibus atque &longs;identibus nim<gap/> um finditur. <lb/>De his hactenus.</s>
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<s>Sed illud nolim pr&aelig;terii&longs;&longs;e quod probe faciat ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan>. Namq, alia <lb/>quidem fundamentis fodiundis: alia complendis. alia parietibus <lb/>artollendis: alia te&longs;tudinibus imponendis: alia cru&longs;tis <expan abbr="obduc&etilde;dis">obducendis</expan> <lb/>tempora atque anni acri&longs;que modus et facies debentur. Et enim fodi <lb/>untur quidem <expan abbr="c&otilde;modi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> per caniculam atque ip&longs;um p <expan abbr="aut&utilde;n&utilde;">autunnum</expan> <lb/>tellure arenti et humoris exuberantia fo&longs;&longs;iones non impediente. <lb/>Complent etiam haud omnino <expan abbr="inc&otilde;mode">incommode</expan> ad primum uer/ maxi <lb/>me ubi profundiora &longs;int: nam ab &aelig;&longs;tatis ardoribus &longs;atis protegen <lb/>tur tellure ob&longs;idente atque <expan abbr="circ&utilde;fouente">circunfouente</expan>. Sed longe commo<gap/>us <lb/>complebuntur ad brume initium: modo ea regio non &longs;it &longs;ub coeli <lb/>axe et eiu&longs;modi: ut e ue&longs;tigio gelet potius q coh&aelig;reat. Paries <lb/>quoque <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> &aelig;&longs;tus nimios: tum et acres algores atque &longs;ubitas <expan abbr="gelati&otilde;es">gelationes</expan> <lb/>atque pr&aelig;c&aelig;teris aquilones uentos odit. Et inprimis te&longs;tudo oium <lb/>maxime &aelig;quabilem et contemperatam coeli tempe&longs;tatem optat: <lb/>quoad obfirmauerit opus <gap/>/atque duruerit. Cru&longs;tas perq <expan abbr="att&etilde;">attem</expan> <lb/>perate inducemus ad uergiliarum ortum: et per eos demum dies 
<pb/>quibus multo afflarint humectarintque hau&longs;tri: Nam ni pror&longs;us <lb/>humectum &longs;it quod cru&longs;ta aut opere dealbario ue&longs;tiatur/ <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> cohe <lb/>re&longs;cent appo&longs;ita: &longs;ed pa&longs;&longs;im diffi&longs;a di&longs;cerptaque decident: crebraque<lb/>&longs;cabritie opus dehone&longs;tabitur. Sed de cru&longs;ta albarioque opere &longs;uo <lb/>loco diffu&longs;ius dicetur. Nunc ab&longs;olutis rerum dicendarum gene <lb/>ribus/ad reliqua di&longs;tinctius con&longs;ideranda tran&longs;eamus. Et primo <lb/>de &aelig;dificiorum generibus et uarietate: et quid cuique debeatur: pro <lb/>xime de &aelig;dificiorum <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tis">ornamentis</expan>: po&longs;tremo de i&longs;torum uitus: qu&aelig; <lb/>aut opificis errore/ aut temporum iniuria facta &longs;int/ emendandis <lb/>aut in&longs;taurandis tran&longs;igemus.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE VNI <lb/>VERSORVM OPERE LIBER. IIII. INCIPIT</s>
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<s>
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<s><margin.target id="marg4"></margin.target>a</s>
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<s>EDIFICIA HOMINVM ESSE CAV <lb/>&longs;a con&longs;tituta in promptu e&longs;t. Nam principio <lb/>quidem/&longs;i recte <expan abbr="&itilde;terpretamur/facere">interpretamur/facere</expan> opus ho <lb/>mines coepere: quo &longs;e &longs;uaque ab aduer&longs;is <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe">tempe</expan> <lb/>&longs;tatibus tuerentur. Proxime item pro&longs;ecuti <lb/>&longs;unt non modo uellent qu&aelig; ad &longs;alutem e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria: uerum et &longs;iqua etiam ad expeditas <lb/>qua&longs;que <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditates">commoditates</expan> a&longs;&longs;equendas conferrent: ea <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e pr&aelig;ter <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;a uoluere. Inde adeo rerum oportunitate admoniti atque illec <lb/>ti eo deuenere: ut etiam qu&aelig; ad uoluptates explendas facerent ex <lb/>cogitarint/indie&longs;que u&longs;urparint: ut &longs;iquis ita dixerit/&aelig;dificia fore <lb/>aliqua ad uit&aelig; nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad u&longs;us oportunitatem: alia ad <lb/>temporum uoluptatem diffinita: forta&longs;&longs;is apte ad rem aliquid di <lb/>xerit. Sed cum &aelig;dificiorum <expan abbr="circ&utilde;&longs;picimus">circun&longs;picimus</expan> copiam et <expan abbr="uarietat&etilde;">uarietatem</expan>: <lb/>facile intelligimus non tantum hos e&longs;&longs;e ad u&longs;us omnia: neque <expan abbr="hor&utilde;">horum</expan> <lb/>tantum aut illorum gratia comparata: Sed pro <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> uarietate <lb/>inprimis fieri/ ut habeamus opera uaria et multiplicia. Quod &longs;i <lb/>&aelig;dificiorum genera/et generum ip&longs;orum partes &longs;atis/ uti in&longs;titu <lb/>imus/adnota&longs;&longs;e uoluerimus: omnis inue&longs;tigandi ratio nobis hinc <lb/>captanda &longs;it atque inchoanda: ut homines/quorum cau&longs;a con&longs;tent 
<pb/>&aelig;dificia/et quorum ex u&longs;u uarientur accuratius <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ideremus">con&longs;ideremus</expan> qd <lb/>inter &longs;e differant: quo inde &longs;ingula clarius recognita di&longs;tinctius <lb/>pertractentur. Repetamus ea de re/ quid de hominum c&aelig;tu par <lb/>tiundo ueteres illi rerum publicarum legumque conditores uiri pe <lb/>riti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;en&longs;erint: qui &longs;tudio/cura/diligentiaque i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus <lb/>per&longs;erutandis atque recen&longs;endis &longs;umma cum laude inuentorumque<lb/>admiratione uer&longs;ati &longs;unt.</s>
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<s>The&longs;eus/ inquit Plutarcus/rem <expan abbr="public&atilde;">publicam</expan> diui&longs;it in eos qui leges <lb/>diuinas atque humanas <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tituerent">con&longs;tituerent</expan> atque <expan abbr="interpretar&etilde;tur">interpretarentur</expan>: et eos qui <lb/>artificio <expan abbr="exerceren&ttilde;">exercerentur</expan>. Solon pro cen&longs;us <expan abbr="diuitiar&utilde;que">diuitiarunque</expan> copia et modo <lb/>&longs;uorum habuit ciuium ordines di&longs;tributos: ita ut qui minus. ccc. <lb/>ex agris annua exciperent prope in ciuium numero cen&longs;endos <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>putarit. Athenien&longs;es primos &longs;ibi habuere uiros doctrina et u&longs;u re <lb/>rum cultos/ac peritos: proximos oratores: po&longs;tremo opifices. <lb/>Romulus a plebe equites et patritios di&longs;creuit. At Numa rex ple <lb/>bem diui&longs;am fecit per artes. Apud Gallias plebs pene <expan abbr="&longs;eruor&utilde;">&longs;eruorum</expan> du <lb/>cebatur &longs;orte: Reliquos aut milites fui&longs;&longs;e tradit C&aelig;&longs;ar: aut <expan abbr="&longs;api&etilde;">&longs;apiem</expan> <lb/>ti&aelig; religionique deditos: quos illi Druides <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant">nuncupant</expan>. Apud Pan <lb/>theos &longs;upremi &longs;unt &longs;acerdotes: &longs;ecundi agricol&aelig;: tertii milites: <lb/>cum quibus et pa&longs;tores et duces ouium. <expan abbr="Brit&atilde;ni">Britanni</expan> &longs;uos quatuor di <lb/><expan abbr="uideb&atilde;t">uidebant</expan> generibus: Primi erant quibu&longs; fiant reges: alteri &longs;acerdo <lb/>tes: tertio loco milites: po&longs;tremo uulgus. Aegyptii primos dede <lb/>re gradus &longs;acerdoti: &longs;ubinde reges pr&aelig;fecto&longs;que locarunt: tertio po <lb/>&longs;uere ordine bellatores: et <expan abbr="multitudin&etilde;">multitudinem</expan> diuer&longs;e itidem inter agri <lb/>colas pecuarios artifice&longs;que/atque etiam/ut inquit Hcrodotus/mer <lb/><expan abbr="c&etilde;narium">cennarium</expan> et nautam. <expan abbr="Hippodam&utilde;">Hippodamum</expan> referunt &longs;uam quoque diui&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <lb/>rem <expan abbr="public&atilde;">publicam</expan> in partes tris: artificem/agricolam/et <expan abbr="propul&longs;ator&etilde;">propul&longs;atorem</expan> <lb/>belli. Non improba&longs;&longs;e Ari&longs;toteles eos ui&longs;us e&longs;t: qui a multitudi <lb/>ne &longs;elegerint dignos: quos <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;iliis/magi&longs;tratibus/iudiciis">con&longs;iliis/magi&longs;tratibus/iudiciis</expan> ue pr&aelig; <lb/>ficerent: C&aelig;teram uero plebem diui&longs;am reliquerint inter agrico <lb/>las/artifices/mercatores/mercenar <gap/>os/equites/ pedites/ et <expan abbr="turb&atilde;">turbam</expan> <lb/>naualem. Cui haud multo <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;imil&etilde;">di&longs;&longs;imilem</expan> ex Diodoro hi&longs;torico fui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>apud Indos rem <expan abbr="public&atilde;">publicam</expan> apparet: Nam illic &longs;acerdos/arator/pa <lb/>&longs;tor / artifex / miles/ effori: et qui publicis con&longs;iliis pr&aelig;&longs;unt<gap/>
<pb/>Plato rem publicam alteram dixit pacatam e&longs;&longs;e: et ocii quieti&longs;que<lb/>cupidam: Alteram ardentem et bellatricem: prout eorum e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>animi/qui rebus pr&aelig; e&longs;&longs;ent. Exque animi partibus omnem ciuium <lb/>multitudinem partitus e&longs;t: Vnam eorum/qui ratione <expan abbr="con&longs;ilioquec&utilde;cta'">con&longs;ilioque<lb/>cuncta'</expan> moderantur: Alteram eorum qui armis iniurias pro&longs;equan <lb/>tur: Tertiam eorum qui alimenta/ quibus patres et milites &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tententur/ pr&aelig;beant et &longs;ubmini&longs;trent. H&aelig;c de multis ueterum <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;mentariis">commentariis</expan> ex cerpta breui&longs;&longs;ime p&longs;trinxi: Ex quibus illud admo <lb/>neri uideor: ut quas collegerim/omnes e&longs;&longs;e rerum <expan abbr="publicar&utilde;">publicarum</expan> par <lb/>tes &longs;tatuam: &longs;inguli&longs;que &longs;ingula deberi &aelig;dificiorum genera diiudi <lb/>cem. Sed nos quo ex in&longs;tituto rem totam di&longs;tinctius <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;igamus">tran&longs;igamus</expan> <lb/>iuuet &longs;ic di&longs;&longs;erui&longs;&longs;e. Mortalium numerum &longs;iquis in partes diui <lb/>&longs;urus &longs;it/quidnam huic aliud principio ueniet in mentem: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut <lb/>&longs;entiat non co&longs;dem cen&longs;endos e&longs;&longs;e: &longs;i una loci alicuius incolas uni <lb/>uer&longs;os con&longs;ideres: atque &longs;i partibus &longs;eparatos di&longs;tincto&longs;que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;eas">recen&longs;eas</expan>. <lb/>Proxime naturam ip&longs;am contemplatus num &longs;entiet illos quidem <lb/>inqua poti&longs;&longs;imum re alter ab altero differat: ex ea &longs;ibi re notas ca <lb/>ptandas e&longs;&longs;e: quibus alteros ab alteris &longs;ecernat. Atqui nihil e&longs;t/ <lb/>quo magis homo qui&longs;piam differat ab homine/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> una illa in re: <lb/>qua ab genere beluarum longr&longs;&longs;ime abe&longs;t/ ratione et artium opti <lb/>marum cognitione: adde &longs;i uelis fortun&aelig; <expan abbr="pro&longs;peritat&etilde;">pro&longs;peritatem</expan>: Quibns <lb/>in dotibus omnibus pauci una inter mortales pr&aelig;&longs;tant atque excel <lb/>lunt. Hinc igitur prima nobis patcbit diui&longs;io: ut paucos ex om <lb/>ni multitudine &longs;eligamus: <expan abbr="quor&utilde;">quorum</expan> alii &longs;apientia con&longs;ilio ingenioque<lb/>illu&longs;tres: alii u&longs;u rerum et peritia probati: alii opum copia et for <lb/>tunarum affluentia exi&longs;tant celebres. His primarias rei public&aelig; <lb/>partes <expan abbr="c&otilde;mittendas">committendas</expan> quis neget? Ergo egregiis uiris qui con&longs;ilio <lb/>polleant/ prima et cura et moderatio rerum <expan abbr="c&otilde;mendabitur">commendabitur</expan>. Hi <lb/>rem diuinam religione &longs;tatuent: iu&longs;ti &aelig;quique modum lege con&longs;ti <lb/>tuent: bene beateque uiuendi uiam mon&longs;trabunt: pro auctoritate <lb/>dignitateque <expan abbr="&longs;uor&utilde;">&longs;uorum</expan> ciuium tuenda indie&longs;que augenda <expan abbr="aduigilab&utilde;t">aduigilabunt</expan>: <lb/>Atque ubi quid <expan abbr="c&otilde;modum/">commodum/</expan> utile/ nece&longs;&longs;arium fore pr&aelig;&longs;en&longs;erint: <lb/><expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> ip&longs;i &aelig;tate forte fe&longs;&longs;i contemplandis rebus occupari maluerint <lb/>&quml; exequendis: demandabunt peritis u&longs;u rerum atque ad agendum 
<pb/>expeditis: ut de patria bene mereri pro&longs;equantur. Hi uero al <lb/>teri &longs;u&longs;cepto negocio/cum domi &longs;olertia et &longs;olicitudine: tum fo <lb/>ris labore et tolerantia rem ex officio <expan abbr="procurab&utilde;t">procurabunt</expan>: dicent ius: du <lb/>ctitabunt militem: <expan abbr="exerceb&utilde;t">exercebunt</expan> &longs;eque <expan abbr="&longs;uor&utilde;que">&longs;uorunque</expan> manus et indu&longs;triam. <lb/>Demum cum rebus perficiundis intelligent fru&longs;tra inniti: ni&longs;i et <lb/>facultates ad&longs;int: Ad i&longs;tos igitur proximi ue: quibus aut ex agro <lb/>aut mercatura facultates &longs;uppeditent. C&aelig;tera omnis <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> ma <lb/>nus et numerus hi&longs;ce primariis prout u&longs;us po&longs;tulet <expan abbr="obt&etilde;perabunt">obtemperabunt</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="&longs;ubmini&longs;trab&utilde;t">&longs;ubmini&longs;trabunt</expan>. H&aelig;c &longs;i &longs;atis <expan abbr="conueni&umacr;t">conueniunt</expan> ad rem compertum <lb/>quidem habemus <expan abbr="&aelig;dificior&utilde;">&aelig;dificiorum</expan> genera deberi alia ciuium c&aelig;tui uni <lb/>uer&longs;o: alia primatibus: alia multitudini: Tum et primatibus alia <lb/>his qui domi con&longs;ilii&longs;que pr&aelig;&longs;unt: alia his qui negocio <expan abbr="exercean&ttilde;">exerceantur</expan>: <lb/>alia his qui facultates congerant: Quorum <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> quidem cum <lb/>pars qu&aelig;dam ad nece&longs;&longs;itatem/ uti diximus/ pars ad <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditates">commoditates</expan> <lb/>referatur: &longs;it quoque nobis/ qui &aelig;dificia <expan abbr="c&otilde;mentamur/">commentamur/</expan> par aliquid <lb/>animi gratia dedi&longs;&longs;e: dum premii loco <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;m&otilde;i">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <expan abbr="partition&utilde;">partitionum</expan> exor <lb/>dia e&longs;&longs;e ex <expan abbr="philo&longs;ophanti&utilde;">philo&longs;ophantium</expan> rudimentis repetenda in&longs;tituerimus. <lb/>De his igitur nobis dicendum e&longs;t/quid una uniuer&longs;is: quid pauci <lb/>oribus primariis ciuibus: quid minorum multitudini conueniat. <lb/>Sed <expan abbr="exordi&utilde;">exordium</expan> ad res tantas unde captabimus? An uti homines i&longs;ta <lb/>&longs;ibi <expan abbr="c&otilde;parare">comparare</expan> indies pro&longs;ecuti &longs;unt? Ita et nos a priuatis <expan abbr="egenor&utilde;">egenorum</expan> <lb/>ca&longs;unculis <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> inibimus: et inde ad ampli&longs;&longs;ima i&longs;ta/qu&aelig; uidemus <lb/>theatrorum/ termarum/ <expan abbr="templor&utilde;que">templorunque</expan> opera perueniemus. Nam <lb/>con&longs;tat quidem orbis gentes diu nuliis cinctas urbium moenibus <lb/>degi&longs;&longs;e. Et &longs;cribunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> hi&longs;torici/ Dyoni&longs;io Indiam pagiante <lb/>nullas fui&longs;&longs;e apud eas gentes muro cinctas ciuitates: Gra ciamque<lb/>olim nullis munitam fui&longs;&longs;e muris &longs;cribit Tuchidides. Etp Gal <lb/>lias item ad C&aelig;&longs;aris <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora/tota">tempora/tota</expan> <expan abbr="Burgundior&utilde;">Burgundiorum</expan> gens non urbibus <lb/>eogeban<gap/>ur: &longs;ed pa&longs;&longs;im in uico congruebont. Quin et <expan abbr="prim&atilde;">primam</expan> qui <lb/>dem fui&longs;&longs;e urbem comperio Biblum a Fo<gap/>nicibus <expan abbr="occupat&atilde;">occupatam</expan>: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="circ&utilde;obducto">circunobducto</expan> &longs;uis &aelig;dibus muro cinxerit Saturnus. Tam et&longs;i u&longs;que<lb/>ante <expan abbr="diluui&utilde;">diluuium</expan> <expan abbr="condit&atilde;">conditam</expan> lopem dinumeret Pomponius. Aethiopes <lb/>inquit Herodotus/cum <expan abbr="&aelig;gypt&utilde;">&aelig;gyptum</expan> occupa&longs;&longs;ent/nullum delinquen <lb/><expan abbr="ti&utilde;">tium</expan> <expan abbr="occideb&atilde;t">occidebant</expan>: &longs;ed erat ut terr&aelig; cumulos ad uicos/quos <expan abbr="incolob&atilde;t">incolobant</expan> 
<pb/>exaggerarent: Hinc per &aelig;gyptum con&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e urbes dicunt. At <lb/>de his alias. Nunc et&longs;i natura quidem uti aiunt/ omnia qu&aelig; fi <lb/>unt leuioribus principiis excreui&longs;&longs;e uideam: placet tamen a dig <lb/>nioribus ordiri.</s>
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<s>Vniuer&longs;is urbis/et qu&aelig; urbis partes &longs;unt publica omnia <expan abbr="deben&ttilde;">debentur</expan>.</s>
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<s>Vrbis habend&aelig; <expan abbr="&longs;peci&etilde;">&longs;peciem</expan> cau&longs;amque &longs;i ex <expan abbr="philo&longs;ophor&utilde;">philo&longs;ophorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>hanc <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tituemus">con&longs;tituemus</expan>: ut uitam eo ducant accol&aelig; pacatam/ et quoad <lb/>eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it uacuam <expan abbr="iuc&otilde;modis/omnique">iucommodis/omnique</expan> mole&longs;tia <expan abbr="liber&atilde;">liberam</expan>: Pro <lb/>fecto iterum atque <expan abbr="iter&utilde;">iterum</expan> excogita&longs;&longs;e oportet: qui ponatur loco &longs;itu <lb/>et <expan abbr="linear&utilde;">linearum</expan> ambitu. De his alii aliter &longs;en&longs;ere. <expan abbr="S&utilde;mam">Summam</expan> &longs;cribit C&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ar ad <expan abbr="laud&etilde;/&longs;olitos">lauden/&longs;olitos</expan> Germanos ducere/ ubi lati&longs;&longs;imas <expan abbr="circ&utilde;ua&longs;ta">circunua&longs;ta</expan> <lb/>tis finibus haberent &longs;olitudines: Id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ita quod repentinas <expan abbr="ho&longs;ti&utilde;">ho&longs;tium</expan> <lb/>excur&longs;iones ea re maxime abuetari arbitrarentur. Exercitum in <lb/>&aelig;thiopiam Se&longs;o&longs;trim <expan abbr="&aelig;gyptior&utilde;">&aelig;gyptiorum</expan> regem <expan abbr="&itilde;mittere">immittere</expan> de&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="put&atilde;t">putant</expan> <lb/>hi&longs;torici: quod <expan abbr="frug&utilde;">frugum</expan> inopia et locorum difficultate ab&longs;terreretur. <lb/>Regem A&longs;&longs;yrii <expan abbr="aduen&atilde;">aduenam</expan> de&longs;ertis et inaquo&longs;is tutati locis pa&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>nun&quml;. Arabes itidem quod aqua et fructibus deficiant/ab <expan abbr="externor&utilde;">externorum</expan> <lb/>impetu et iniuria &aelig;ternum fui&longs;&longs;e immunes ferunt. Italiam nulla <lb/>re alia &longs;&aelig;pe a barbaris petitam armis &longs;cribit <expan abbr="Plinius/&qtilde;">Plinius/quae</expan> uini ficique<lb/>uoluptate. Adde quod rerum i&longs;tarum copia / qu&aelig; ad uoluptates <lb/>faciat/uti aiebat Crates/et &longs;enibus et iuuenibus nocua e&longs;t: Nam <lb/>illos efferatos: hos effeminatos reddit. Apud &aelig;mericos/ inquit <lb/>Liuius/regio fertili&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: Sed quod <expan abbr="pler&utilde;que">plerunque</expan> ubere &longs;olet agro eue <lb/>nire/homines alit imbelles. Contra Ligii quod terram <expan abbr="incol&atilde;t">incolant</expan> lapi <lb/>do&longs;im/qua exerceri a&longs;&longs;iduo et extrema uictus parcitate diem tra <lb/>here oporteat: <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> indu&longs;trii et robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt. Qu&aelig; res cum <lb/>ita &longs;int/huiu&longs;modi forta&longs;&longs;is regiones a&longs;peras et difficiles conden <lb/>dis urbibus erunt qui non uituperent. Alii &longs;ecus: Namque <expan abbr="optab&utilde;t">optabunt</expan> <lb/>quidem agi apud &longs;e natur&aelig; beneficio et munere: ut cum ad nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;itates/tum et ad uoluptates et delitias addi amplius nihil po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/>Bonis enim ut bene utamur/dari po&longs;&longs;e legibus et patrum in&longs;titu <lb/>tis. At uero qu&aelig; conferant in uita/iucundiora quidem <expan abbr="nimir&utilde;">nimirum</expan> ea <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e &longs;i domi <expan abbr="&longs;it/&qtilde;">&longs;it/quae</expan> &longs;i aliunde qu&aelig;&longs;ito opus &longs;it. Et cupient quidem <lb/>agrum <expan abbr="dari/qual&etilde;">dari/qualem</expan> apud Memphim: <expan abbr="qu&etilde;">quem</expan> &longs;cribit Varro frui coelo 
<pb/>adeo clementi/ut nulli arborum ne uitibus quidem folia <expan abbr="integr&utilde;">integrum</expan> <lb/>per <expan abbr="ann&utilde;">annum</expan> decidant: <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue &longs;ub tauro monte locis qu&aelig; ad aqui <lb/><expan abbr="lon&etilde;">lonem</expan> &longs;pectant: Namque illic Strabo racemos dari <expan abbr="cubitor&utilde;">cubitorum</expan> binum <lb/><expan abbr="atte&longs;ta&ttilde;">atte&longs;tatur</expan>: et &longs;ingulis a uitibus &longs;ingulas uini amphoras: et unica ex <lb/>ficu modios colligi. Ixx. <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue India hyperboreaque in in&longs;ula <lb/>ad <expan abbr="occean&utilde;">occeanum</expan> colit: cuius agro bis <expan abbr="&atilde;nuos">annuos</expan> fructus capi pr&aelig;dicat He <lb/>rodotus: <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue apud Lu&longs;itanos: unde ex reciduis &longs;eminibus <lb/>alteras atque alteras <expan abbr="capi&atilde;t">capiant</expan> me&longs;&longs;es: Aut potius <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> Talge Ca&longs;pio <lb/>in monte: qui ager fruges etiam incultus pr&aelig;beat. Rara h&aelig;c: et <lb/>qu&aelig; facilius optes <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> reperias. Ergo <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;t&atilde;ti&longs;&longs;imi">pr&aelig;&longs;tanti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> ueteres/qui de <lb/>huiu&longs;modi rebus ab aliis accepta/et ab &longs;e excogitata <expan abbr="mandar&utilde;t">mandarunt</expan> lit <lb/>teris. <expan abbr="Ciuitat&etilde;&longs;tatu&utilde;t">Ciuitaten&longs;tatuunt</expan> ita e&longs;&longs;e oportere po&longs;itam: ut agro <expan abbr="c&otilde;ten">conten</expan> <lb/>ta &longs;uo: quantum rerum <expan abbr="humanar&utilde;">humanarum</expan> ratio et conditio patitur/nullis <lb/>aliunde petitis indigeat: Et ita munitam <expan abbr="fini&utilde;">finium</expan> ambitu: ut cum ab <lb/>ho&longs;te <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> facile po&longs;&longs;it inuadi: tum et <expan abbr="alien&atilde;">alienam</expan> emittere in <expan abbr="prouinci&atilde;">prouinciam</expan> <lb/>militem ad arbitrium ualeat ho&longs;te <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> inuito: Sic enim habitam <lb/><expan abbr="ciuitat&etilde;">ciuitatem</expan> et <expan abbr="libertat&etilde;">libertatem</expan> tueri/et &longs;e <expan abbr="imperi&utilde;que">imperiunque</expan> multo propagare po&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;entiunt">con&longs;entiunt</expan>. Sed quid ego hic dixerim &aelig;gypto ad <expan abbr="laud&etilde;">laudem</expan> inprimis <lb/>datur: quod &longs;it quaque uer&longs;us mirum <expan abbr="inmod&utilde;">inmodum</expan> munita/et penitus inac <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ibilis/hinc mari/illinc de&longs;erti ua&longs;titate obiecta: dextera mon <lb/>tibus abrupti&longs;&longs;imis: &longs;ini&longs;tra paludibus diffu&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis: Tum et agri <lb/>tanta e&longs;t fertilitas/ut e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&aelig;gypt&utilde;">&aelig;gyptum</expan> ueteres publicum orbis orreum <lb/>dixerint: Solereque deos eo animi gratia et &longs;alutis <expan abbr="c&otilde;fugere">confugere</expan>: Hanc <lb/><expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> tam munitam tam fertilem: ut cunctos mortales pa <lb/>&longs;cere/deos ip&longs;os excipere ho&longs;pitio &longs;aluareque po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="glorien&ttilde;">glorientur</expan>: <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e omni ab &aelig;uo liberam te&longs;tatur Io&longs;ephus. Probe <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ad rem <lb/><expan abbr="admon&etilde;t/qui">admonent/qui</expan> res mortalium ip&longs;ius etiam Iouis in gremio tutas/ <lb/><expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> futuras <expan abbr="fabul&etilde;tur">fabulentur</expan>. Iuuet idcirco illud Platonis imitari/ <lb/>cum <expan abbr="rogare&ttilde;">rogaretur</expan> ubinam e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="pr&aelig;clar&atilde;">pr&aelig;claram</expan> illam quam &longs;ibi effinxi&longs;&longs;et <lb/><expan abbr="ciuitat&etilde;">ciuitatem</expan> inuenturi: non inquit agimus i&longs;tuc: &longs;ed cuiu&longs;modi fore <lb/><expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> optimam &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e deceat pue&longs;tigamus: tu eam c&aelig;teris pr&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="ferend&atilde;">ferendam</expan> ducito: qu&aelig; ab i&longs;tius &longs;imilitudine minus aberrarit. Sic et <lb/>nos qua&longs;i exemplaria <expan abbr="affer&etilde;tes">afferentes</expan> eam p&longs;cribamus urbem: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> omni <lb/>ex parte <expan abbr="futur&atilde;">futuram</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;modam">commodam</expan> docti&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="arbitren&ttilde;">arbitrentur</expan>: in c&aelig;teris <expan abbr="t&etilde;pori">tempori</expan> 
<pb/>et <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> nece&longs;&longs;itati ob&longs;equentes: Illud Socratis tenebimus: ut qu&aelig; <lb/>res ita per &longs;e con&longs;tet/ut ni&longs;i in peius queat immutari: e&longs;&longs;e hanc pu <lb/>temus optimam.</s>
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<s>Itaque e&longs;&longs;e oportere urbem &longs;tatuimus eiu&longs;modi: ut <expan abbr="inc&otilde;modorum">incommodorum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> qu&aelig; primo recen&longs;uimus libro/nulla <expan abbr="o&itilde;no">oinno</expan> ad&longs;int. Et &longs;i qu&aelig; <lb/>res ad uit&aelig; frugalitatem <expan abbr="opten&ttilde;">optentur</expan> null&aelig; de&longs;int. Habebit agrum &longs;a <lb/><expan abbr="lubrem/lati&longs;&longs;im&utilde;/uarium/amoen&utilde;/feracem/munit&utilde;/">lubrem/lati&longs;&longs;imun/uarium/amoenun/feracem/munitun/</expan> refertum <lb/>ornatum omni <expan abbr="fructu&utilde;">fructuum</expan> copia/omni fontium <expan abbr="exuber&atilde;tia">exuberantia</expan>: Aderunt <lb/>flumina/lacus/mari&longs;que oportunitas patebit: unde <expan abbr="c&otilde;modi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> &longs;i <lb/>qua de&longs;int <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueban&ttilde;">conuebantur</expan>: et qu&aelig; &longs;up&longs;int <expan abbr="exporten&ttilde;">exportentur</expan>. Denique ad res ciui <lb/>les bellica&longs;que pr&aelig;clare <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tituendas">con&longs;tituendas</expan> atque augendas omnia &longs;uppedi <lb/><expan abbr="tab&utilde;t">tabunt</expan>: qnibus et &longs;uis pr&aelig;&longs;idio/et urbi ornamento/et amicis uolu <lb/>ptati/et inimicis terrori &longs;it futura. Et bene quidem agi cum ea ci <lb/>uitate <expan abbr="&longs;tatu&atilde;">&longs;tatuam</expan>: qu&aelig; <expan abbr="bon&atilde;">bonam</expan> aliquam agri partem po&longs;&longs;it inuito bo&longs;te <lb/>colere. C&aelig;terum loca&longs;&longs;e urbem oportet agro <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> medio: unde &longs;pec <lb/>tare in oram &longs;uam/et di&longs;cernere oportuna/et attempate pr&aelig;&longs;to <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <lb/>quo nece&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;tulet. unde uillicus aratorque ad opus prodire fre <lb/><expan abbr="qu&etilde;s">quens</expan> et exagro <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> fructu et me&longs;&longs;e onu&longs;tus <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> reuerti po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/>Sed parenti ne in campo an littore an <expan abbr="m&otilde;tibus">montibus</expan> colloces pmaximi <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;tere&longs;t">intere&longs;t</expan>. Nam habet <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> horum quodque qd pr&aelig;&longs;tet: et <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> qd <lb/>minus probes. Cum <expan abbr="exercit&utilde;">exercitum</expan> Dyoni&longs;ius p Indiam ageret <expan abbr="c&otilde;fect&utilde;">confectum</expan> <lb/>&aelig;&longs;tu deduxit ad montes: ilico &longs;alubri captata aura <expan abbr="c&otilde;ualuit">conualuit</expan>. Et <lb/><expan abbr="m&otilde;tes">montes</expan> occupa&longs;&longs;e urbis <expan abbr="c&otilde;ditores">conditores</expan> ui&longs;i &longs;unt: quod illic tutiores forta&longs; <lb/>&longs;is futuros intellexerint: Sed aquis deficiunt. <expan abbr="Flumin&utilde;">Fluminum</expan> <expan abbr="aquar&utilde;quec&otilde;moditates">aquarunque<lb/>commoditates</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;tabit planities: Sed eadem cra&longs;&longs;iori operit<gap/> coelo <lb/>qu&aelig; &aelig;&longs;tate ferueat/hyeme algeat <expan abbr="int&etilde;peranter">intemperanter</expan>: e&longs;tque eadem ad im <lb/>petus aduer&longs;os minus ualida. Littora ad <expan abbr="c&otilde;trah&etilde;das">contrahendas</expan> merces opor <lb/>tuna: Sed quod illi aiunt/maritima omnis urbs <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> nouarum illcce <lb/>bris/et nimia negociantium ui excitata atque uexata a&longs;&longs;iduo flue <lb/>tuat: et ad multos piculorum externarumque cla&longs;&longs;ium ca&longs;us et di&longs; <lb/>crimina expo&longs;ita e&longs;t. Quare &longs;ic &longs;tatuo. Quocumque ponas urbem <lb/>loco/conandum ut i&longs;torum <expan abbr="o&itilde;s">oins</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;moditatis">cemmoditatis</expan> &longs;it particeps: incom <lb/>modis uacet. Et uelim montibus dari <expan abbr="planiti&etilde;/et">planitien/et</expan> planis tumulos <lb/>ubi urbem &longs;tatuam: Id ex arbitrio a&longs;&longs;equi locorum uarietate &longs;i 
<pb/>non licebit/utemur ad res nece&longs;&longs;arias captandas <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> huiu&longs; <lb/>modi: ut maritimis plagis urbs non littori <expan abbr="nimi&utilde;">nimium</expan> uicina/&longs;i crit in <lb/>plano: ne ue <expan abbr="nimi&utilde;">nimium</expan> &longs;emota &longs;i eric in monte &longs;ita reimquatur. Mu <lb/>tari littora te&longs;tantur cum pler&aelig;que alibi ali&aelig; urbes: tum in Italia <lb/>Bai&aelig; mari <expan abbr="&itilde;mer&longs;&aelig;">immer&longs;&aelig;</expan>. Apud &aelig;gyptum Pharus/qu&aelig; prius mari fue <lb/>rat <expan abbr="circ&utilde;data">circundata</expan>: <expan abbr="n&utilde;c">nunc</expan> ueluti Cherfone&longs;&longs;us ad <expan abbr="continent&etilde;">continentem</expan> h&aelig;ret. Sic et <lb/>Tyrum et Clazomenas fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Strabo. Quin et templum <lb/><expan abbr="h&atilde;monis">hammonis</expan> olim fui&longs;&longs;e ad mareferunt &longs;ece&longs;iu: quod maris longe imedi <lb/>terraneis re&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e. Atqui monent aut ip&longs;um ad litus/ aut porro <lb/>longe ab mari ponas: Nam maris quidem auram uidere licet &longs;ale <lb/>grauem e&longs;&longs;e atque a&longs;peram. Ergo cum ad mediterranea pr&aelig;&longs;ertim <lb/>plana appulerit: humentem illic aerem offenderis inhau&longs;to deli <lb/><expan abbr="que&longs;c&etilde;te">que&longs;cente</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ale/nimir&utilde;">&longs;ale/nimirum</expan> coelum reddit cra&longs;&longs;um et prope <expan abbr="mucul&etilde;t&utilde;">muculentum</expan>: <lb/>ut pleri&longs;que i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in locis uolui <expan abbr="n&otilde;nun&quml;">nonnun&quml;</expan> aere telas aranearum <lb/>&longs;imiles uideas: Aiuntque cum aere <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ecus atque <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> aquis agi: quas <lb/>in promptu e&longs;t mixtione <expan abbr="&longs;alitar&utilde;">&longs;alitarum</expan> corrumpi/quoad etiam foetore <lb/>oftendant. Probant <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> ueteres pr&aelig;&longs;ertim Plato: qu&aelig; a mari mi <lb/>lia di&longs;tet. x. Qd &longs;i ab mari longe po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> licebit: &longs;itu <expan abbr="locabi&ttilde;">locabitur</expan> <lb/>quo aur&aelig; i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ni&longs;i diffract&aelig; et la&longs;&longs;&aelig; ac depurat&aelig; <expan abbr="appell&atilde;t">appellant</expan>: <lb/>Locabiturque pone/ ut <expan abbr="m&otilde;tium">montium</expan> intercur&longs;u uis omnis a mari noxia <lb/>intercepta fru&longs;tetur. Ex littore a&longs;pectus ip&longs;e maris per&quml; iucudus <lb/>e&longs;t: neque item <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;alubri lu&longs;tratur coelo: Qu&aelig; cnim a&longs;&longs;iduis <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> <lb/>agitat&aelig; continuis <expan abbr="mom&etilde;tis">momentis</expan> re&longs;pirent: has e&longs;&longs;e Ari&longs;toteles &longs;aluber <lb/>rimas <expan abbr="regi&otilde;es">regiones</expan> putat. Sed <expan abbr="caue&atilde;t">caueant</expan> ne &longs;it mare i&longs;tic herbidu depre&longs;&longs;o <lb/>littore et imer&longs;o: &longs;ed <expan abbr="profund&utilde;/abruptis">profundun/abruptis</expan> uiuo &longs;axo hirti&longs;que ripis ri <lb/>gens: Ip&longs;amque urbem &longs;upbo/uti <expan abbr="loqu&utilde;tur/montis">loquuntur/montis</expan> dor&longs;o &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>cum ad <expan abbr="dignitat&etilde;/tum">dignitaten/tum</expan> ad <expan abbr="amoenitat&etilde;/tum">amoenitaten/tum</expan> et inprimis ad &longs;alubri <lb/>tatem atque <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> conferet. Nam quo loci ad mare imineant mon <lb/>tes: <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;t illic mare <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> profundum. Tum ex mari &longs;iqua ua <lb/>porum cra&longs;&longs;itudo <expan abbr="in&longs;urgat/a&longs;c&etilde;&longs;u">in&longs;urgat/a&longs;cen&longs;u</expan> deficit. Et &longs;iquid repentina ho <lb/>&longs;tilis manus attulerit aduer&longs;i/maturius pr&aelig;uidetur/et tutius &longs;ub <lb/>mouetur. Collibus po&longs;itam urbem probant ueteres: qu&aelig; ad ori <lb/>entem uergat. Probant etiam quam pertingat calida in regione <lb/>boreas. Alii forca&longs;&longs;is eam probabunt: que ad <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> prona &longs;it: 
<pb/>ductique ea &longs;ub coeli facie fertiliores e&longs;&longs;e cultus &longs;en&longs;erint. Atqui <lb/>&longs;ub tauro monte/ qu&aelig; partes ad aqnilonem &longs;pectent/ longe ante <lb/>alias e&longs;&longs;e &longs;alubres: ea pr&aelig;&longs;ertim re qua et fertiles pr&aelig;dicant hi&longs;to <lb/>rici. Demum &longs;icubi in montibus ponendum &longs;it oppidum/ inpri <lb/>mis <expan abbr="animaduertend&utilde;">animaduertendum</expan> e&longs;t: nequod i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in locis a&longs;&longs;olet: ma <lb/>xime ubi cel&longs;iores circum alii &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="attoll&atilde;t">attollant</expan> colles: grauis et diuti <lb/>na nebularum collectio atram diem/ et fu&longs;cum a&longs;&longs;iduo <expan abbr="rigid&utilde;quecoelum">rigidunque<lb/>coelum</expan> pr&aelig;beat. Tum et uentorum <expan abbr="&itilde;modica">immodica</expan> excur&longs;itatio et mo <lb/>le&longs;tia nequid immanius uexet prouidendum e&longs;t: et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim bo <lb/>reas i&longs;tic: Nam is quidem inquit He&longs;iodus cum c&aelig;teros/tum in <lb/>primis &longs;enes reddit torpentes et inflexos. Incommoda erit urbis <lb/>area/ in quam &longs;uperexten&longs;a rupes a &longs;ole conceptos uapores refun <lb/>dat: aut in quam auern&aelig; conualles auram acrius obfundant. Alii <lb/>pr&aelig;cipitiis locorum e&longs;&longs;e urbis latus finiendum monent. Sed pr&aelig; <lb/>cipitia ip&longs;a ferme omnia/q ex &longs;e contra motus et tempe&longs;tates iua <lb/>lida &longs;int <expan abbr="m&otilde;&longs;trant">mon&longs;trant</expan> cum alibi pleraque oppida/ tum et in &aelig;<gap/> uria uo <lb/>laterr&aelig;: labuntur enim temporum ductu: et qu&aelig; impo&longs;ueris tra <lb/>hunt in ruinam. Et caui&longs;&longs;e quidem oportet nequis &longs;upra <expan abbr="&itilde;mineat">immineat</expan> <lb/>contiguus mons: quo occupaio infe&longs;tus ho&longs;tis urgeat: ne ue ulla <lb/>&longs;ubtendatur ho&longs;ti tuta planities tanta: ut eo loci ca&longs;tra uallare ad <lb/>ob&longs;idendum/aut aciem &longs;truere ad <expan abbr="oppugn&atilde;dum">oppugnandum</expan> po&longs;&longs;it. Vrbem <lb/>condidi&longs;&longs;e Agrigentinam Dedalum legimus ardua in petra/ dif <lb/>ficili aditu/ut tribus non plus uiris cu&longs;todiretur aptum <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;idi&utilde;">pr&aelig;&longs;idium</expan>: <lb/>modo non &aelig;que paucis ob&longs;truatur armis exitus/ atque arceatur in <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;us. Cingolum in Piceno a Labieno conditum/periti rei mi <lb/>litaris <expan abbr="uebem&etilde;ter">uebementer</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;probant/cum">comprobant/cum</expan> c&aelig;teras ob res: tum quod pleri&longs;que<lb/>ferme omnibus montanis oppidis euenit/ut ubi <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;cenderis">con&longs;cenderis</expan> &aelig;qua <lb/>pateat dimicatio/ id illic non &longs;it: Rupe enim educta et pr&aelig;cipiti <lb/>refutantur. Nec habet quidem ho&longs;tis qui <expan abbr="agr&utilde;">agrum</expan> una circum excur <lb/>&longs;ione populari ac ua&longs;tare ad arbitrium po&longs;&longs;it: neque omnes una ob <lb/>&longs;idebit aditus. nec &longs;e iuxta ca&longs;tris po&longs;itis tuto recipiet: Nec pabu <lb/>latum/lignatum/aquatum emittet &longs;ine periculo. Contra oppida <lb/>nis &longs;it: nam &longs;ubiectis &longs;ubnexi&longs;que hinc atque hinc collibus crebris in <lb/>teriectis uallibus <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> qua eue&longs;tigio egredi lace&longs;&longs;ere: atque impro 
<pb/>ui&longs;um ad omnem &longs;ubitam &longs;pem et occa&longs;ionem po&longs;&longs;int irrumpere <lb/>atque opprimere. Neque minus probant in Mar&longs;is <expan abbr="oppid&utilde;">oppidum</expan> Bi&longs;&longs;eium <lb/>ip&longs;o in triuio <expan abbr="confluenti&utilde;">confluentium</expan> hinc atque hinc <expan abbr="flumin&utilde;">fluminum</expan>: atque inde <expan abbr="ualli&utilde;">uallium</expan> <lb/>arcto ingre&longs;&longs;u/acce&longs;&longs;u difficili/a&longs;peris et inuiis circum &longs;urgenti <lb/>bus montibus: ita ut neque loco a&longs;&longs;idere ho&longs;tis/ neque <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> ob&longs;eruare <lb/>uallium fauces po&longs;&longs;it: oppidanis ad &longs;ub&longs;idia et <expan abbr="c&otilde;meatus">commeatus</expan> recipien <lb/>da atque <expan abbr="&itilde;portanda/et">importanda/et</expan> ad <expan abbr="lace&longs;&longs;end&utilde;">lace&longs;&longs;endum</expan> egregie expeditis.</s>
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<s>Hactenus de montibus. Qd &longs;i plano po&longs;ueris loco: et uti <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;ol&etilde;t">a&longs;&longs;olent</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="adfluent&utilde;">adfluentum</expan> ita ut is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> media forta&longs;&longs;is peruadat moenia: cutato <lb/>ne ab hau&longs;tro aut in <expan abbr="hau&longs;tr&utilde;">hau&longs;trum</expan> defluat: Nam illinc humiditas/hinc <lb/>frigiditas adaucta fluii uaporibus mole&longs;tior infe&longs;tiorque pueniet. <lb/>Sin <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> extra oppidi &longs;eptum pr&aelig;terlabetur: pr&aelig;&longs;tanda erit <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> <lb/>regio/et quibus eo &longs;it uentis aditus expeditior/his muros <expan abbr="abiici&etilde;">abiiciem</expan> <lb/>dos: fluuius habendus pone. In c&aelig;teris illud nautarum faciet ad <lb/>rem/quod putant <expan abbr="u&etilde;tos">uentos</expan> quidem natura &longs;ui <expan abbr="admod&utilde;">admodum</expan> &longs;ub&longs;equi &longs;olere <lb/>&longs;olem et orientales auras. Aiunt phy&longs;ici mane diei puriores e&longs;&longs;e: <lb/>cadente &longs;ole humidiores. Contra occidentales e&longs;&longs;e auras &longs;urgente <lb/>&longs;ole &longs;pi&longs;&longs;iores: <expan abbr="occid&etilde;te">occidente</expan> leuiores. Qu&aelig; res &longs;i ita e&longs;t/fluenta ad ori <lb/>entem atque item ad <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> dimi&longs;&longs;a haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> <expan abbr="improbab&utilde;tur">improbabuntur</expan>. <lb/>Nam cum &longs;ole ip&longs;o perueniens aura aut di&longs;pellet &longs;iquid trans ur <lb/>bem exhalarit uaporis nocui/aut &longs;uo acce&longs;&longs;u min<gap/><expan abbr="n&utilde;">num</expan> adaugebit. <lb/>Po&longs;tremo ad boream <expan abbr="fluenta/iac&utilde;">fluenta/iacum</expan> et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="&longs;ubt&etilde;di">&longs;ubtendi</expan> <expan abbr="malim/&qtilde;">malim/quae</expan> <lb/>ad <expan abbr="hau&longs;tr&utilde;">hau&longs;trum</expan>: modo ne &longs;it <expan abbr="oppid&utilde;">oppidum</expan> po&longs;t <expan abbr="umbr&atilde;">umbram</expan> montis po&longs;itum: quo <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;t">cent</expan> nihil tri&longs;tius. Sino c&aelig;tera qu&aelig; &longs;upra di&longs;&longs;eruimus. <expan abbr="C&otilde;">Com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="pert&utilde;">pertum</expan> habent hau&longs;trum grauem <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e et natura moro&longs;um: ut <lb/>eius mole pre&longs;&longs;is uelis nauigia qua&longs;i addito <expan abbr="p&otilde;dere">pondere</expan> multo obmer <lb/><expan abbr="gan&ttilde;">gantur</expan>. At Borea contra mare prora&longs;que leuigari: Sed <expan abbr="hor&utilde;">horum</expan> quiduis <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;tat <expan abbr="&longs;ubmot&utilde;">&longs;ubmotum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> <expan abbr="procul/&qtilde;">procul/quae</expan> aut <expan abbr="&itilde;mi&longs;&longs;um">immi&longs;&longs;um</expan> aut ad muros <expan abbr="adr&utilde;ct&utilde;">adrunctum</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="applicit&utilde;">applicitum</expan>. Et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim reprobant <expan abbr="fluui&utilde;">fluuium</expan> qui depre&longs;&longs;us ripis <lb/><expan abbr="admod&utilde;">admodum</expan> hirtis/profundo alueo/&longs;axeo umbro&longs;oque &longs;luat: quod is <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <lb/>et potus det nocuos: et aerem <expan abbr="in&longs;alubr&etilde;">in&longs;alubrem</expan>: tum et a &longs;tagno paludeque<lb/>pigra et luto&longs;a longe abfugi&longs;&longs;e oino <expan abbr="prud&etilde;tis">prudentis</expan> ac bene <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ulti">con&longs;ulti</expan> e&longs;t. <lb/>Non repeto coeli morbos qui infunduntur i&longs;tinc/inatas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ha <lb/>bent cum c&aelig;teras &aelig;&longs;tiuas pe&longs;tes foetoris/culicum <expan abbr="foedi&longs;&longs;imor&utilde;que">foedi&longs;&longs;imorunque</expan>
<pb/>uermium et e/u&longs;modi: Tum et ubi alioquin ter&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima ppurgati&longs; <lb/>&longs;imaque putes <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan>: illud <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> dee&longs;t ut quod de planis diximus: multo <lb/>i<gap/>ta magis atque magis hyeme algeant: et &longs;ub &aelig;&longs;tu <expan abbr="int&etilde;peranter">intemperanter</expan> fer <lb/>ueant. Po&longs;tremo <expan abbr="iter&utilde;">iterum</expan> atque iteru prouidi&longs;&longs;e oportet/ne &longs;iue mons <lb/>&longs;iue rupes/&longs;iue lacus/&longs;iue palus/&longs;iue flumen/&longs;iue &longs;ons/&longs;iue quid <lb/>uis horum ita &longs;e babent: ut ho&longs;tem munire tutarique/ aut urbi et ci <lb/>uibus afferre ulla ex parte <expan abbr="inc&otilde;modum">incommodum</expan> po&longs;&longs;it. H&aelig;c de urbium <lb/>regione ac &longs;itu hactenus.</s>
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<s>Ip&longs;ius urbis ambitum et partium <expan abbr="di&longs;tribution&etilde;">di&longs;tributionem</expan> intelligimus pro <lb/><expan abbr="locor&utilde;">locorum</expan> uarietate futuram e&longs;&longs;e oportere uariam: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;doquid&etilde;">quandoquidem</expan> mon <lb/>tibus non dari inpromptu e&longs;t: ut &longs;eu <expan abbr="rotund&atilde;/&longs;eu">rotundan/&longs;eu</expan> <expan abbr="quadr&atilde;gulam">quadrangulam</expan> / <lb/>aut quam aliam probes/ murorum <expan abbr="de&longs;cription&etilde;">de&longs;criptionem</expan> po&longs;&longs;is &aelig;que atque<lb/>aperto in plano ducere. Veteres architecti oppidis circ<gap/>dandis/ <lb/><expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> angulos improbarunt: quod ho&longs;tibus lace&longs;&longs;entibus magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>incolis <expan abbr="defend&etilde;tibus">defendentibus</expan> <expan abbr="opitulen&ttilde;">opitulentur</expan>: quod item ad <expan abbr="machinar&utilde;">machinarum</expan> iniurias to <lb/>lerandas &longs;int <expan abbr="nequa&qtilde;">nequaquae</expan> ualidi. Et certe anguli ad in&longs;idias atque telo <lb/><expan abbr="r&utilde;">rum</expan> mi&longs;&longs;iones/expugnatoribus <expan abbr="n&otilde;nihil">nonnihil</expan> conferunt: ubi excuri endi <lb/>et &longs;e&longs;e recipiendi facultas pr&aelig;&longs;tetur. Montanis <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> urbibus <expan abbr="iid&etilde;">iidem</expan> <lb/>maximo <expan abbr="interd&utilde;">interdum</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;idio &longs;unt: ubi &longs;e aduer&longs;us uiarum occur&longs;us <lb/>offerant. Ad Peru&longs;iam urbem celebrem/quod uicos hac illac qua&longs;i <lb/>a manu di&longs;pan&longs;os digitos p obductos colles porrigat: &longs;i uolet ho <lb/>&longs;tis anguli frontem petere/non patebit illic ubi multa ince&longs;&longs;et ma <lb/>nu/ et qua&longs;i aliqua &longs;ubin&longs;idente arce exceptas/ tela eruptione&longs;que<lb/>non perferet. Itaque non locis omnibus circundand&aelig; uibis una ea <lb/>demque ratio e&longs;t. Po&longs;tremo inquiunt ueteres/urbem atque nauim <lb/>haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> e&longs;&longs;e oportere tam amplam/ ut uacillet uacua/aut non <lb/>&longs;ufficiat plena: Sed alii quod tutiorem putarint/conferti&longs;&longs;imam uo <lb/>luere: Alii quod optimam &longs;ibi &longs;pem pollicerentur in po&longs;terum/ &longs;a <lb/>xioribus &longs;patiis delectati &longs;unt: Alii forta&longs;&longs;is celebritati et nomi <lb/>nis po&longs;teritati con&longs;uluerunt. Namque urbem quidem &longs;olis a Eu&longs;i <lb/>ride conditam/ quam Thebem nuncupant. CXL. Memphim <gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>tena et quinquaginta: Babylonem &longs;upra trecenta item quinqua <lb/>ginta: <expan abbr="Niniu&etilde;">Niniuem</expan> bis ducenta atque. lxxx. circui&longs;&longs;e &longs;tadia ex <expan abbr="ueter&utilde;">ueterum</expan> <lb/>hi&longs;toriis comperio. Et fuerunt qui tantum conclu&longs; <gap/>rint are&aelig;: 
<pb/>ut intra &longs;eptum ex urbis &longs;olo annua alimenta colligerent. Hic ex <lb/>uetere prouerbio illud probarim qd aiunt/omnia ut nihil nimis: <lb/>aut &longs;i in <expan abbr="alter&atilde;">alteram</expan> pecea&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> iuuet: hanc malim qu&aelig; ad <expan abbr="auct&utilde;">auctum</expan> ci <lb/>uium <expan abbr="numer&utilde;">numerum</expan> <expan abbr="perc&otilde;mode">percommode</expan> po&longs;&longs;it excipere: &quml; qu&aelig; &longs;uos hone&longs;te <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>capiat. Adde quod <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ad <expan abbr="tector&utilde;">tectorum</expan> modo u&longs;um et <expan abbr="nece&longs;&longs;itat&etilde;">nece&longs;&longs;itatem</expan> urbs ha <lb/>beda e&longs;t: uerum et ita <expan abbr="hab&etilde;da">habenda</expan> ut a curis ciuilibus ad <expan abbr="platear&utilde;/cur">platearun/cur</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="riculor&utilde;/ortor&utilde;que">riculorun/ortorunque</expan> et <expan abbr="ambulation&utilde;">ambulationum</expan> et <expan abbr="natation&utilde;">natationum</expan> et <expan abbr="huiu&longs;m&otilde;i">huiu&longs;moni</expan> orna <lb/><expan abbr="m&etilde;ta">menta</expan> delitia&longs;que graui&longs;&longs;ima pateant &longs;patia et diuer&longs;iones.</s>
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<s>Referunt ueteres/ Varro/Plutarcus aliique: &longs;olitos maiores <expan abbr="urbi&utilde;">urbium</expan> <lb/>moenia ritu et religione diffinire: Iugatis enim bobus mare et foe <lb/>mina diu au&longs;picato <expan abbr="&aelig;ne&utilde;">&aelig;neum</expan> <expan abbr="aratr&utilde;">aratrum</expan> <expan abbr="traheb&atilde;t">trahebant</expan>: &longs;iebatque &longs;ulcus primige <lb/>nius: quo <expan abbr="moeni&utilde;">moenium</expan> ambitus de&longs;ignaretur: Boue femella interiore: <lb/>ma&longs;culo exteriore <expan abbr="&longs;equeban&ttilde;">&longs;equebantur</expan> aratrum. Coloni patres glebas &longs;ub <lb/>motas et &longs;par&longs;as pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;um in <expan abbr="&longs;ulc&utilde;">&longs;ulcum</expan> refundentes incumulante&longs;que<lb/>nequid <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;eminare&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;eminaretur</expan>: cum ad locos <expan abbr="portar&utilde;">portarum</expan> uentum erat aratrum <lb/>manibus <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;tineb&atilde;t">&longs;u&longs;tinebant</expan>: quo intactum <expan abbr="portar&utilde;">portarum</expan> limen <expan abbr="reliuquere&ttilde;">reliuqueretur</expan>. Ea <lb/>re pr&aelig;ter portas totos <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> ambitus et opus <expan abbr="&longs;acrat&utilde;">&longs;acratum</expan> ducebat. <lb/>Portas ne appellare <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;acras erat fas. Per Romuli tempora <lb/>inquit Dyoni&longs;ius alicarna&longs;&longs;eus/patres inchoandis urbibus &longs;olitos <lb/>facto &longs;acrificio ignes ante tabernacula incendere: eoque <expan abbr="popul&utilde;">populum</expan> edu <lb/>cere: ut expiationis gratia <expan abbr="fl&atilde;mas">flammas</expan> tran&longs;il<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan>: Pollutos nimirum <lb/>ad eam rem &longs;acram <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="admitt&etilde;dos">admittendos</expan> <expan abbr="arbitraban&ttilde;">arbitrabantur</expan>. H&aelig;c illi. Alibi <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;perio">comperio</expan> pro&longs;eminata puluere ex tellure <expan abbr="alba/qu&atilde;">alba/quam</expan> puram <expan abbr="n&utilde;cup&atilde;t">nuncupant</expan> <lb/>&longs;olitos <expan abbr="ponendor&utilde;">ponendorum</expan> <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> lineam de&longs;ignare. Et Alexandrum in <lb/>huius telluris <expan abbr="loc&utilde;/cum">locun/cum</expan> Pharon conderet/quod pura defeci&longs;&longs;et/ fa <lb/>rinam &longs;ubieci&longs;&longs;e: qu&aelig; res uatibus futura <expan abbr="pr&aelig;dic&etilde;di">pr&aelig;dicendi</expan> <expan abbr="occa&longs;ion&etilde;">occa&longs;ionem</expan> pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;titit:quod i&longs;tiu&longs;modi pr&aelig;&longs;agiis p natales uibium dies annotatis cer <lb/>tos putarent cuentus temporum po&longs;&longs;e pr&aelig;dicari. Quin et apud <lb/>&aelig;tru&longs;cos ritualibus libr is <expan abbr="doceban&ttilde;">docebantur</expan> qu&aelig;nam <expan abbr="for&etilde;t">forent</expan> ex natali <expan abbr="uibi&utilde;">uibium</expan> <lb/>die &longs;ecula &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;ura: Id quidem non &longs;pectato coelo/dequa re &longs;u <lb/>pra <expan abbr="&longs;ec&utilde;do">&longs;ecundo</expan> diximus libro: &longs;ed captis ex <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;enti&utilde;">pr&aelig;&longs;entium</expan> <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> <lb/>atque <gap/>iectura. Sic eos &longs;crip&longs;i&longs;&longs;e meminit <expan abbr="C&etilde;&longs;or&itilde;us">Cen&longs;orinus</expan>. Quo die urbes <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;titu&atilde;&ttilde;/de">con&longs;tituantur/de</expan> his q eo die nati <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>:q diuti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="uixer&itilde;t">uixerint</expan> die mortis <lb/>&longs;u&aelig;/primi &longs;eculi <expan abbr="modul&utilde;">modulum</expan> finire: eoque die q <expan abbr="c&etilde;nt">cennt</expan> reliqui <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> ciuitate: 
<pb/>de his rur&longs;um eius mortem/ qui <expan abbr="longi&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">longi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> egi&longs;&longs;et &aelig;tatem/ <expan abbr="fin&etilde;">finem</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e &longs;eculi &longs;ecundi. Sic deinceps tempus <expan abbr="reliquar&utilde;">reliquarum</expan> terminari: mit <lb/>ti a diis portenta/quibus admoneremur quodque &longs;eculum e&longs;&longs;e fini <lb/>tum. H&aelig;c illi: Tum et addunt his <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> &aelig;tru&longs;cos didici&longs;&longs;e <lb/>perpulchre &longs;ua &longs;ecula. Sic enim <expan abbr="mandar&utilde;t">mandarunt</expan> memori&aelig; quatuor pri <lb/>ma &longs;uorum &longs;ecula <expan abbr="annor&utilde;">annorum</expan> fui&longs;&longs;e. C. <expan abbr="Quint&utilde;">Quintum</expan>. cxxiii. <expan abbr="Sext&utilde;">Sextum</expan>. xx. <lb/>et. C. <expan abbr="Septim&utilde;">Septimum</expan> totitem. <expan abbr="Octau&utilde;">Octauum</expan> tum <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> agi per tempora C&aelig; <lb/>&longs;arum. Nonum et <expan abbr="decim&utilde;">decimum</expan> &longs;upere&longs;&longs;e. Tum et &longs;ecula ip&longs;a qualia <lb/>futura &longs;int <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ignorari <expan abbr="arbitraban&ttilde;">arbitrabantur</expan> hi&longs;ce inditiis. Romam qdem <lb/>orbis <expan abbr="imperi&utilde;">imperium</expan> habituram ex eo <expan abbr="coniectar&utilde;t">coniectarunt</expan>: quod qua die <expan abbr="c&otilde;dita">condita</expan> &longs;it <lb/>ex natis per eam diem unus regnum adeptus &longs;it: Hunc <expan abbr="&itilde;uenio">inuenio</expan> fu <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e Numam: Nam <expan abbr="c&otilde;ditam">conditam</expan> urbem <gap/> <expan abbr="nat&utilde;">natum</expan> Numam. xiii. <expan abbr="chal&etilde;">chalem</expan> <lb/>das maias meminit Plutarcus. At muro <expan abbr="incinet&atilde;">incinetam</expan> urbem Lacen&aelig; <lb/>quod non <expan abbr="haber&etilde;t">haberent</expan> <expan abbr="gloriaban&ttilde;">gloriabantur</expan>: Freti enim &longs;uorum <expan abbr="ciui&utilde;">ciuium</expan> armis et ro <lb/>bore/&longs;atis &longs;e quidem <expan abbr="putab&atilde;t">putabant</expan> munitos e&longs;&longs;e legibus. Aegyptii <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> <lb/>Per&longs;&aelig;que contra maiorem <expan abbr="&itilde;mod&utilde;">immodum</expan> &longs;uas urbes <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> pra&longs;idiis mu <lb/>niendas putarunt: Namque cum alii/tum et Niniues/atque item Se <lb/>miramis <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> &longs;uis e&longs;&longs;e urbibus uoluere/ut iuncti <lb/>currus <expan abbr="&longs;uprem&atilde;">&longs;upremam</expan> per operis <expan abbr="amplitudin&etilde;">amplitudinem</expan> traherentur: Altitudineque<lb/>tanta eduxere/ut <expan abbr="centen&utilde;">centenum</expan> excederent cubitum. Apud Tyrum al <lb/>ta fui&longs;&longs;e moenia pedes. CL. meminit Arrianus. Et compti qui ne <lb/>unis tantum <expan abbr="c&otilde;tenti">contenti</expan> fuerint moenibus. <expan abbr="Carthagin&etilde;&longs;es">Carthaginen&longs;es</expan> triplici ur <lb/>bem cinxere muro: Deioces urbem Cebatanam/ tam et&longs;i e&longs;&longs;et in <lb/>&aelig;dito po&longs;ita/ &longs;eptimo cinxi&longs;&longs;e orbe ait Herodotus. Nos uero <lb/>quando ad <expan abbr="tuend&atilde;">tuendam</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> et <expan abbr="libertat&etilde;">libertatem</expan> ho&longs;tibus aut fortuna aut nu <lb/>mero &longs;upantibus poti&longs;&longs;ima ine&longs;&longs;e ip&longs;is inmuris pr&aelig;&longs;idia intelligi <lb/>mus. Neque i&longs;tos probamus/qui pror&longs;us <expan abbr="nud&atilde;">nudam</expan> uoluerint <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan>: <lb/>neque illos qui <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">oemm</expan> tuendi &longs;ui &longs;pem/ip&longs;a in <expan abbr="moeni&utilde;">moenium</expan> <expan abbr="extructi&otilde;e">extructione</expan> po <lb/>&longs;ai&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="uidean&ttilde;">uideantur</expan>. Platoni <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> a&longs;&longs;entior: Nam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ciuitati <lb/>cuiuis in&longs;itum atque innatum/ut &longs;ingulis momentis temporis &longs;it <lb/>periculis proxima captiuitatis: quando ita &longs;eu natura/ &longs;eu homi <lb/>num moribus comparatum &longs;it: ut habendi terminos et concupi <lb/>&longs;cendi fines/nullius ratio &longs;ibi neque publice neque priuatim pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;crip&longs;erit. Ex qua una poti&longs;&longs;imum re armorum omnis iniuria 
<pb/>oborta e&longs;t. Qu&aelig; &longs;i ita &longs;int/utique cu&longs;todibus cu&longs;todias/ et muniti <lb/>onibus munitiones addendas quis negabit? C&aelig;terum quod alibi <lb/><expan abbr="diximus/omni&utilde;">diximus/omnium</expan> erit capaci&longs;&longs;ima urbs/qu&aelig; &longs;it <expan abbr="rot&utilde;da">rotunda</expan>: tuti&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;inuo&longs;is anfractibus murorum obualletur: qualem fui&longs;&longs;e hie <lb/>ro&longs;olimam &longs;eribit Tacitus. Non enim &longs;ine di&longs;erimine ho&longs;tem in <lb/>tra &longs;inus/aut certa <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> &longs;pe &longs;rontibus machinas <expan abbr="admotur&utilde;">admoturum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;tacu&utilde;t">&longs;tacuunt</expan>. <lb/><expan abbr="C&otilde;moditatibus">Commoditatibus</expan> tamen ip&longs;o ex oppido capiendis pro&longs;piciemus: <lb/>quam rem pro locorum oportunitate et nece&longs;&longs;itate feci&longs;&longs;e ueteres <lb/>aduertimus. <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> Antium quidem uetu&longs;tam urbem latinam ad <lb/>littoris &longs;inum <expan abbr="amplexand&atilde;/oblongum">amplexandan/oblongum</expan> fui&longs;&longs;e ex ueteris ruin&aelig; re&longs;i <lb/>duis apparet. Carr&aelig; ad Nilum quoque <expan abbr="oblong&utilde;">oblongum</expan> <expan abbr="tend&utilde;tur">tenduntur</expan>. Polum <lb/>botram urbem <expan abbr="Indor&utilde;">Indorum</expan> in gra&longs;iis longam fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;erip&longs;it Mega&longs;the <lb/>nes &longs;tadia. lxxx. latam. xv. di&longs;tentam <expan abbr="&longs;ecund&utilde;">&longs;ecundum</expan> <expan abbr="fluui&utilde;">fluuium</expan>. Quadran <lb/>gulum habui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="muror&utilde;">murorum</expan> ductum <expan abbr="Babylon&etilde;">Babylonem</expan>: Memphim uero in <lb/>delt&aelig; litter&aelig; <expan abbr="mod&utilde;">modum</expan> perfinitam refer&uuml;t. Denique <expan abbr="qu&atilde;eumque">quaneumque</expan> proba <lb/>ris ambitus de&longs;criptionem/ &longs;at pro rei nece&longs;&longs;itate proui&longs;um putat <lb/>Vegetius: &longs;i tam latos po&longs;ueris muros/ ut propul&longs;atores armari <lb/>mutuo &longs;e obuia excur&longs;ione non impediant: Si excitarimus tam al <lb/>tos/ut &longs;calis admotis <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;cendi">tran&longs;cendi</expan> nequeant: Si ita calce &longs;tructuraque<lb/>firmarimus/ut arieti machini&longs;que no cedant. Etenim machinarum <lb/>duo &longs;unt genera: <expan abbr="Vn&utilde;/quo">Vnun/quo</expan> ietu impul&longs;uque <expan abbr="pro&longs;tern&utilde;t">pro&longs;ternunt</expan> opus: Al <lb/><expan abbr="ter&utilde;">terum</expan> quo &longs;uffodiunt muros atque <expan abbr="&longs;ubru&utilde;t">&longs;ubruunt</expan>. Vtri&longs;que magna exparte <lb/>prouidebitur <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> muro magis q fo&longs;&longs;a: Nam <expan abbr="mur&utilde;">murum</expan> i&longs;tic ni&longs;i ab infi <lb/>ma aqua aut firmo a lapide <expan abbr="perduct&utilde;">perductum</expan> non probant: &longs;ed ip&longs;am fo&longs; <lb/>&longs;am et latam et <expan abbr="admod&utilde;">admodum</expan> profundam exigut. Nam ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> te&longs;tu <lb/><expan abbr="din&etilde;">dinem</expan> et turrim a<gap/><expan abbr="ulatori&atilde;">ulatoriam</expan> et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi excludet: ne admoueri <lb/>iuxta queant: Et inuenta aqua aut &longs;axo/ omnis <expan abbr="cuniculor&utilde;">cuniculorum</expan> agen <lb/>dorum conatus fru&longs;trabitur. E&longs;t apud militares qu&aelig;&longs;tio/ fo&longs;lam <lb/>ne pr&aelig;&longs;tet aqua repletam habere: an &longs;iccam pr&aelig;ferant. <expan abbr="Incolar&utilde;">Incolarum</expan> <lb/>enim ualitudini/non in po&longs;tremis con&longs;ulendum &longs;tatuunt: tum et <lb/>hanc probant/ in qua &longs;iquid mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetu corruerit/ ilico id <lb/>tollere et purgare po&longs;&longs;is commode: ne i&longs;tinc aggeratus ingre&longs;&longs;us <lb/>ho&longs;ti relinquatur.</s>
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<s>Sed redeo ad moenia. De his ducendis &longs;ic monent ueteres/ inter 
<pb/>uallo ulgenum pedum interpo&longs;ito/ duo intrin&longs;ecus muri fabrici <lb/>tentur: deinde terra ex fo&longs;&longs;is ege&longs;ta intermittatur uectibu&longs;que den <lb/>&longs;etur: tollenturque muri i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ita/ ut de plano ciuitatis ad &longs;i <lb/>militudinem gradus qua&longs;i cliuo molli u&longs;que ad propugnacula po&longs; <lb/>&longs;it a&longs;cendi. Alii ex fo&longs;&longs;a inquiunt exemptam tellurem pro agge <lb/>re ad urbis ambitum ponito: murumque unum ab ip&longs;o fo&longs;&longs;&aelig; alueo <lb/>tollito cra&longs;&longs;itudine ut terr&aelig; &longs;uperurgentis onus <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> ualde &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tineat: Ab hoc item alium intra urbem uer&longs;us murum educito <lb/>cel&longs;iorem/a priorique di&longs;tantem &longs;pacio <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> angu&longs;to: Sed quanto il <lb/>lic facta acie cohortes habeant &longs;pacia dimicandi expedita. Mu <lb/>ros itidem ab exteriore ad interiorem murum tran&longs;uer&longs;os interia <lb/>cito: quorum nexu et adminiculo primarii inter &longs;e his iuncti deti <lb/>neantur: et telluris intermi&longs;&longs;&aelig; uim urgentem perferant ualidius. <lb/>At nos quidem pr&aelig;ter h&aelig;c eos muros probamus: qui ita &longs;tatuan <lb/>tur/ ut &longs;i tandem impetentium machinarum ui &longs;ternantur/ habe <lb/>ant &longs;ub&longs;titutum are&aelig; &longs;pacium: quo loci montes a&longs;&longs;ideant: et fo&longs; <lb/>&longs;as ruina &longs;ui non compleant. In c&aelig;teris perplacet Vitruuius: <lb/>Opus inquit muri &longs;ic faciundum cen&longs;eo: ut eius per <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> <lb/>tabul&aelig; oleagine&aelig; u&longs;tolat&aelig; &quml; creberrim&aelig; <expan abbr="inter&longs;truan&ttilde;">inter&longs;truantur</expan>: ut utr&aelig;que<lb/>muri frontes inter &longs;e quemadmodum fibulis hi&longs;taleis colligat&aelig;/ <lb/>&aelig;ternam habeant firmitatem. Huiu&longs;modi ferme a Pelopone&longs;&longs;i <lb/>bus ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i Plateen&longs;es obieci&longs;&longs;e ho&longs;tibus murum refert Tuchidi <lb/>des: Nam laterculis quidem ligna intermi&longs;cuere/ atque multo fir <lb/>mauere. Et muros omnes inquit C&aelig;&longs;ar apud Gallias hac fere for <lb/>ma &longs;unt: Trabes direct&aelig; perpetu&aelig; in longitudinem paribus inter <lb/>uallis di&longs;tantes inter &longs;e intror&longs;us <expan abbr="reuinciun&ttilde;">reuinciuntur</expan>: et grandibus &longs;axis <lb/><expan abbr="effarci&utilde;tur">effarciuntur</expan>: ita ut trabs trabem non contingat: huiu&longs;modi ordini <lb/>bus coagmentandis iu&longs;tam muri altitudinem explent: Id opus <lb/>et &longs;pecie non deforme/et ad defen&longs;ionem e&longs;t <expan abbr="ualid&utilde;">ualidum</expan>: nam ab <expan abbr="inc&etilde;">incem</expan> <lb/>dio lapis/ et ab ariete materia defendit. Ha&longs;ce in muris connexi <lb/>ones &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ualde <expan abbr="prob&etilde;t">probent</expan>: <expan abbr="n&atilde;que">nanque</expan> aiunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> calcem et <expan abbr="materi&etilde;">materiem</expan> <lb/>diu non <expan abbr="c&otilde;uenire/">conuenire/</expan> quod uratur et ab&longs;umatur &longs;alibus ardoreque calcis: <lb/>Tum &longs;i erit ut mi&longs;&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="machinar&utilde;">machinarum</expan> opus impetat fiet/ inquiunt <lb/>ut uniuer&longs;i muri <expan abbr="c&otilde;nexa">connexa</expan> exaggeratio qua&longs;&longs;ata <expan abbr="c&otilde;mouea&ttilde;">commoueatur</expan>: et una 
<pb/>omnis ad ruinam reddatur prona. At muros contra mi&longs;&longs;ilium in <lb/>iurias &longs;ic pulcherrime firmari arbitramur. Anterides ba&longs;i trian <lb/>gula uno in ho&longs;tes angulo proiecto denum interuallo cubitorum <lb/>inter &longs;e di&longs;tantes p muri directiones excitabimus: et arcus ab his <lb/>ad alteras interducemus atque <gap/>e&longs;tudinabimus: Et interuacua qu&aelig; <lb/>illic ueluti &longs;caph&aelig; relict&aelig; &longs;unt/&longs;ubacta paleis argilla uectibus <expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> <lb/>&longs;antes complebimus. Fiet hinc ut tormentorum uis et impetus ap <lb/>pellens lentitudine fiu&longs;tretur argill&aelig;: Fiet <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> ut <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ni&longs;i &longs;par&longs;im <lb/>et ilico ob&longs;truendis fene&longs;tris muius <expan abbr="tormentor&utilde;">tormentorum</expan> a&longs;&longs;iduitate queat <lb/>debilitari. Apud Siculos pumicis copia perpulchre id pr&aelig;&longs;tabit: <lb/>quod i&longs;tic qu&aelig;rimus. Alibi pumicis et argill&aelig; loco non <expan abbr="inc&otilde;mo">incommo</expan> <lb/>de utuntur cofo: Gyp&longs;um <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> huic operi no recu&longs;abimus. <expan abbr="Dem&utilde;">Demum</expan> <lb/>ex his &longs;iquid ad&longs;it/quod humoris hau&longs;tro nocturni&longs;que uaporibus <lb/>obiectum &longs;it/id lapidea cru&longs;ta atque toctura ue&longs;tiatur. Et inprimis <lb/>iuuabit ripam fo&longs;&longs;&aelig; <expan abbr="exterior&etilde;">exteriorem</expan> paulo ponere elaticrem accliuitate <lb/>&quml; c&aelig;terum agri &longs;olum e&longs;t. Sic enim mi&longs;&longs;ilium de&longs;tinationes mu <lb/>ros urbis non attingent: &longs;ed &longs;upuolabunt. Et &longs;unt qui murum <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tra <expan abbr="machinam&etilde;ta">machinamenta</expan> mi&longs;&longs;ilium tuti&longs;&longs;imum putent eum qui <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan> <lb/>to ita ducatur/ut &longs;err&aelig; denticulos imitetur. Atqui placent ad ur <lb/>bem Romam muri: quibus decur&longs;orium ad mediam altitudinem <lb/>ine&longs;t: Suntque per murum aptis locis relict&aelig; f, &longs;&longs;ur&aelig;/ unde furtim <lb/>a &longs;agittariis incautus et properans ho&longs;tis &longs;aucietur: Et ad murum <lb/>turres quinquagenos in cubitos qua&longs;i anterides <expan abbr="adig&etilde;d&aelig;">adigend&aelig;</expan> prodcun <lb/>tibus in rotundum frontibus et proceritate cel&longs;iores muro: ut qui <lb/>propius applicuerit mi&longs;&longs;ilibus nudum obiiciat latus et conficia <lb/>tur: Sic enim et murus a turribus/ et turris a turre mutuo defen <lb/>detur. Turres quo latere urbem &longs;pectant/ muro nudatas poni <lb/>to et apertas: ne ho&longs;tem forta&longs;&longs;is immi&longs;&longs;um protegant. Tur <lb/>ribus muri&longs;que coron&aelig; et decori &longs;unt/et firmitatem ex nexura af <lb/>ferunt: et admotarum &longs;calarum irreptiones prohibent. Sunt qui <lb/>per muros &longs;ub ip&longs;is pr&aelig; &longs;ertim turribus intermi&longs;&longs;a pr&aelig; cipitia re <lb/>linqui uelint/et muniri pontibus ligneis: qui confe&longs;tim aut redu <lb/>cti/ aut deiecti prout res exigat u&longs;ui aut &longs;aluti &longs;unt.</s>
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<s>Ad portarum utrumque latus / ueteres a&longs;&longs;ueuere geminas 
<pb/>grandiores turres pr&aelig;&longs;tituere multa &longs;ui parte &longs;olidas: qu&aelig; ueluti <lb/>brachia &longs;inus fauce&longs;que ingre&longs;&longs;us foueant. Turribus nulla te&longs;tudo <lb/>&longs;ed lignea tabulata interitruantur: qu&aelig; ubi opus &longs;it et reuelli et <lb/>igne ab&longs;umi queant. Turrium tabulata clauis figi <expan abbr="uet&atilde;t">uetant</expan>: quo ma <lb/>turius po&longs;&longs;int ho&longs;te peruincente deturbari. Tecta et &longs;ece&longs;&longs;us <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>deerunt: quibus excubi&aelig; hybernas pruinas et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="tempor&utilde;">temporum</expan> <lb/>iniurias tolerent. Propugnaculis <expan abbr="pend&etilde;tia">pendentia</expan> &longs;ub&longs;int foramina: qui <lb/>bus lapidem et faces in ho&longs;tem/et aquam etiam &longs;iquid portam in <lb/>cenderit/ fundas. Valuas corio et ferro tectas ab igne uindicari <lb/>pr&aelig;dicant. De his hactenus.</s>
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<s>Portarum ratio pro uiarum militarium numero habenda e&longs;t: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <lb/>uiarum quidem ali&aelig; militares: ali&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> militares. Non hic illa iu <lb/>ri&longs;con&longs;ultorum pro&longs;equor: ut actus iumentorum iter <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> ha <lb/>beri gratia uiam utrumque complecti &longs;tatuam. Sunt quidem mili <lb/>tares qua in prouincia profici&longs;cimur cum exercitu atque imped<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>tis. Ergo militarem no militaribus multo e&longs;&longs;e &longs;patio&longs;iorem opor <lb/>tet. Et aduerti a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e ueteres ponere ut e&longs;&longs;ent cubitos <expan abbr="nu&longs;qu&atilde;">nu&longs;quam</expan> <lb/>minus octo. Ex lege. xii. tabularum uiam &longs;ic finiunt: ut qu&aelig; in <lb/>porrectum &longs;it/latitudinem habeat pedes. xii. Qu&aelig; in anfractum <lb/>ide&longs;t ubi flexum e&longs;t. xvi. Nonmilitares &longs;unt quibus a militari <lb/>egredimur aut in uillam <expan abbr="oppid&utilde;">oppidum</expan> ue: aut &aelig;que aliam in uillam mi <lb/>litarem: uti &longs;unt per agrum actus: per urbem diu<gap/>rticula. E&longs;t <lb/>pr&aelig;terea uiarum quoddam genus/ quod quidem plate&aelig; naturam <lb/>&longs;apiat: uti &longs;unt qu&aelig; ad certos aliquos u&longs;us habeantur/ pr&aelig;&longs;ertim <lb/>publicos: puta qu&aelig; in templum/ in curriculum/ in balilicam du <lb/>cat. Viarum militarium ductus non eo&longs;dem ip&longs;um per agrum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e atque intra urbem oportet: Extra urbem omnino &longs;eruanda h&aelig;c <lb/>&longs;unt: ut patula et aperti&longs;&longs;ima ad omnem <expan abbr="circ&utilde;a&longs;pectum">circuna&longs;pectum</expan> &longs;iet: ut <lb/>impeditionibus cum aquarum/tum ruinarum &longs;it libera et expedi <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ima: ut latronibu&longs; ad in&longs;idias <expan abbr="capt&atilde;das">captandas</expan> null&aelig; penitus latebr&aelig; <lb/>nulli &longs;ece&longs;&longs;u&longs; <expan abbr="relinquan&ttilde;">relinquantur</expan>: ut in eam non pa&longs;&longs;im unde ui&longs; aditu&longs; <lb/>ad populatione&longs; pateant: Po&longs;tremo ut directa breui&longs;&longs;imaque &longs;it: <lb/>omnium erit breui&longs;&longs;ima/non ut illi qu&aelig; recti&longs;&longs;ima: &longs;ed qu&aelig; tuti&longs; <lb/>ma: Maloque prolixiorem paulo/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> parum <expan abbr="c&otilde;modam">commodam</expan>. Sunt qui 
<pb/>putent agrum priuernatem e&longs;&longs;e tuti&longs;&longs;imum quod eum <expan abbr="prof&utilde;">profum</expan> <lb/>d&aelig; ui&aelig; qua&longs;i dimer&longs;&aelig; fo&longs;&longs;&aelig; p&longs;eccent/ingre&longs;&longs;u ambigu&aelig;/ pro<lb/>gre&longs;&longs;u incert&aelig; et minime tute: ripis extantibus: unde ho <lb/>&longs;tis facile po&longs;&longs;it obteri peritiores <expan abbr="tuti&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">tuti&longs;&longs;imam</expan> <expan abbr="put&atilde;t">putant</expan> que <expan abbr="coe&qtilde;">coequae</expan> <lb/>tum per colliculorum dor&longs;um agitur. Proxime ad <expan abbr="h&atilde;c">hanc</expan> ac <lb/>cedit qu&aelig; ex uetere more extructo aggere medios per cam <lb/>pos dirigitur. Quin et illam ueteres ea de re aggerum <expan abbr="n&utilde;">num</expan> <lb/>cuparunt: et profecta &longs;ic perducta multas de &longs;e pr&aelig;bebit <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>moditates: nam cum ex pro&longs;pectus amenitate per cel&longs;am <lb/>exaggerationem ambulantes uiatores ab iti<gap/>eris labore et <lb/>moleitia plurimum leuentur: tum et multo intere&longs;t <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> <lb/>longe pr&aelig;uidi&longs;&longs;e: et habere qui po&longs;&longs;is infe&longs;tum urgentem <lb/>aut ino<gap/>ica manu di&longs;tinere: aut nulla tuorum iactura &longs;i &longs;u <lb/>peret cedere: et ad rem &longs;it quod ad <expan abbr="ui&atilde;">uiam</expan> <expan abbr="portu&etilde;&longs;em">portuen&longs;em</expan> annotaui <lb/>quando enim egypto/affrica/libia/hi&longs;paniis/germania in <lb/>&longs;ulis hominum ingens numerus: mercium maxima uis <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>fluebat: &longs;tratam effecere. duplam: et in medio lapidum or <lb/>do eminens uti limes extabat pedem/ut prodirent altera: <lb/>redirent altera/uitata properantium offen&longs;ione. huiu&longs;moi <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e militarem uiam extra urbem oportet/expeditam dire <lb/>ctam atque tuti&longs;&longs;imam.</s>
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<s>Cum ad urbem applicuerit &longs;i erit ciuitas clara et <expan abbr="prepot&etilde;s">prepotens</expan> <lb/>uias habere directas ampli&longs;&longs;imas condecet: que ad dignita <lb/>tem maie&longs;tatemque urbis <expan abbr="faci&atilde;t">faciant</expan>. Sinautem erit colonia/ aut <lb/>oppidum tuti&longs;&longs;imos pre&longs;tabit aditus: &longs;i non expedito in <lb/>portam rectabit: &longs;ed in dextram aut &longs;ini&longs;tram prope menia <lb/>ac pre&longs;ertim &longs;ub ip&longs;is murorum propugnaculis diducetur <lb/>intra urbem uero non directa/&longs;ed fiuentum more in hanc <lb/>atque in hanc/atque iterato in hancip&longs;am/ e&longs;&longs;e partem molli <lb/>flexu &longs;inuo&longs;am condecet. Nam preter illud quod ea quidem <lb/>ubi prolixior uidebitur: illic urbis amplitudinem opir. <expan abbr="i&otilde;e">ione</expan> <lb/>adaugebit: profecto uehementer quoque confert ad gratiam <lb/>ad u&longs;us commoditates/ ad temporumque ca&longs;us/ et nece&longs;&longs;ita <lb/>tes. Etenim et quanti erit hoc et rectantibus ad &longs;ingulos 
<pb/>gradus: <expan abbr="&longs;en&longs;&itilde;">&longs;en&longs;im</expan> no<gap/>&aelig; &aelig;dificiorum facies <expan abbr="obiici&atilde;&ttilde;">obiiciantur</expan>: ut cuiu&longs;que do <lb/>mus egre&longs;&longs;io et pro&longs;pectus ex media ui&aelig; ip&longs;ius <expan abbr="&atilde;plitudinc">amplitudinc</expan> di <lb/><expan abbr="riga&ttilde;">rigatur</expan>: ut <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> alibi nimia laxitas <expan abbr="&itilde;decora">indecora</expan> &longs;it et <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> in&longs;alubris: <lb/>Hic ip&longs;a quoque ua&longs;titas conducat. Vrbem Romam &longs;cri <lb/>bit Cornelius/dilatatis a Nerone uiis effectam <expan abbr="feruidior&etilde;">feruidiorem</expan> <lb/>et ea de re minus &longs;alubrem: alibi contra in arctis uiarum <lb/>crude&longs;cunt: e&longs;tate nunquam erit non umbro&longs;a: nulla item <lb/>aderit domus: quam non diei radius ingrediatur. Et aura <lb/>nunquam erit immunis. Nam unde uis mota appulerit re <lb/>ctam et magna ex parte <expan abbr="expedit&atilde;">expeditam</expan> <expan abbr="preterflu&etilde;di">preterfluendi</expan> aream inue <lb/>niet. Et uentos cadem nunquam infe&longs;tos experietur: illico <lb/>enim retundentur parietum obiectu. Adde quod &longs;i <expan abbr="ingredie&ttilde;">ingredietur</expan> <lb/>ho&longs;tis: non minus a fronte atque <expan abbr="lateribus/&qtilde;">lateribus/quae</expan> a tergo lace&longs; <lb/>&longs;itus periclitabitur.</s>
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<s>De militaribus hactenus: non militares ha&longs;ce imitabuntur <lb/>ni forta&longs;&longs;is hoc inter&longs;it/quod i&longs;tic quidem ad lineam directe <lb/>&longs;i erunt: cum angulis parietum et partibus &aelig;dificiorum <lb/>magis conuenient. Sed intra urbem placui&longs;&longs;e comperio ue <lb/>teribus uias ade&longs;&longs;e aliquas <expan abbr="&itilde;extricabilis">inextricabilis</expan> atque aliquas nul <lb/>lius exitus quas ingrediens ho&longs;tis noxiu&longs;ue anceps &longs;uique <lb/>diffi&longs;os he&longs;itet: aut &longs;i e&longs;&longs;e audacior per&longs;eueret: mature pe <lb/>riclitetur. E&longs;&longs;e et minutiores uias conferet/non in <expan abbr="long&utilde;">longum</expan> <lb/>productas: &longs;ed in primam tran&longs;uer&longs;am uiam terminatas: <lb/>ut qua&longs;i non <expan abbr="public&utilde;">publicum</expan> <expan abbr="expedit&utilde;que">expeditunque</expan> iter/&longs;ed potius obiect&aelig; <lb/>domus <expan abbr="adit&utilde;">aditum</expan> <expan abbr="prebe&atilde;t">prebeant</expan>: <expan abbr="n&atilde;">nam</expan> id et domibus lumina paratiora: <lb/>ct urbi <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> uolunt <expan abbr="ho&longs;til&etilde;">ho&longs;tilem</expan> <expan abbr="excur&longs;ion&etilde;">excur&longs;ionem</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;peditior&etilde;">impeditiorem</expan> pre&longs;tabit. <lb/>Vicis intra urbem di&longs;par&longs;is et minime continuis habitam <lb/>fiu&longs;&longs;e babilonem &longs;cribit Curtius. Platoni contra non uicos <lb/>modo &longs;ed parietes ctiam domorum haberi coniunctos pla <lb/>cuit/idque opus urbi e&longs;&longs;e pro muro uoluit. Pons quidem <lb/>poti&longs;&longs;ima ui&aelig; pars e&longs;t. pontis habendi locus erit idoneus <lb/>non omnis. nam preter id: quod non extremum &longs;eclu&longs;umque in <lb/>angulum paucorum commoditatibus relinqui: &longs;ed medias <lb/>in regiones u&longs;ibus uniuer&longs;orum patcre pontem conuenit. 
<pb/>Profecto <expan abbr="loc&atilde;dus">locandus</expan> is quidem erit/ubi et facile ponere: et im <lb/>pen&longs;a non graui&longs;&longs;ima perficere: et <expan abbr="etern&utilde;">eternum</expan> futurum &longs;pera&longs;&longs;e <lb/>liceat. Captanda igitur uada non profundiora: non abruta: <lb/>non incerta: non mobilia: &longs;ed coequata et man&longs;ura. Vitan <lb/>di uortices: gurgites: uoragines et eiu&longs;modi: qu&aelig; mala per <lb/>fluenta uer&longs;antur. <expan abbr="Vit&atilde;dique">Vitandique</expan> in primis anfractibus riparum <lb/>cubiti <gap/><expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> c&aelig;teras ob res/&longs;unt <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> i&longs;tic rip&aelig; ut uidere licet <lb/>ruinis <expan abbr="obnoxi&aelig;/t&utilde;">obnoxi&aelig;/tum</expan> quod per eos ip&longs;os cubitos alluuiorum tem <lb/>pe&longs;tatibus rapta ex agris materia et trunci et &longs;ilu&aelig; non re/ <lb/>cto expeditoque lap&longs;u <expan abbr="deueh&utilde;tur/&longs;ed">deuehuntur/&longs;ed</expan> <expan abbr="obuer&longs;&atilde;tur">obuer&longs;antur</expan>: aliaque alias <lb/>retardando glomerantibus congrunnt: ua&longs;tumque coact&aelig; in <lb/>cumulum h&aelig;re&longs;cunt pilis: unde fauces arcuum ob&longs;tipat&aelig; <lb/>&longs;uccumbunt quoadiu moleque pre&longs;&longs;antium aquarum detur/ <lb/>batur opus/atque diruitur. Sed &longs;unt <expan abbr="p&otilde;tium">pontium</expan> alii lapidei/alii <lb/>lignei. De ligneis prius/quod opere &longs;int faciliores: po&longs;t de la <lb/>pideis tran&longs;igemus. Vtrunque firmi&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;&longs;e oportet. <lb/>Ergo is multa et ualida lignorum copia corroborabitur. <lb/>Quam ad rem pulchre <expan abbr="exequ&etilde;d&atilde;/">exequendan/</expan> illud C&aelig;&longs;aris maiorem <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>modum confert. Nam pontis quidem efficiendi rationem <lb/>&longs;ic in&longs;tituit. Tigna bina &longs;exquipedalia paululum ab imo <lb/>pr&aelig;acuto dimer&longs;a ad altitudinem fluminis/ interuallo pe/ <lb/>dum duorum inter &longs;e iungebat. Hec cum machinationibus <lb/>immi&longs;&longs;a in flumen defixerat: figi&longs;tici&longs;que adegerat non di <lb/>recte ad perpendiculum/&longs;ed prona ac fa&longs;tigiata: ut &longs;ecun/ <lb/>dum naturam fluminis procumberent. His item contraria <lb/>duo inter &longs;e ad eundem modum iuncta: interuallo pedum <lb/>quadragenum ab inferiore parte contra uim atque impetum <lb/>fluminis conuer&longs;a &longs;tatuebat. Hec utraque uti diximus con <lb/>&longs;tituta bipedalibus trabibus &longs;uperimmi&longs;&longs;is iungebat longis <lb/>quantum in&longs;titorum tignorum iunctura di&longs;tabat. Huiu&longs;modi <lb/><expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> <expan abbr="&imacr;mi&longs;&longs;&aelig;">immi&longs;&longs;&aelig;</expan> trabes binis utrinque fibulis ab extrema parte de <lb/>&longs;tinebantur: quibus di&longs;clu&longs;is atque in <expan abbr="c&otilde;trariam">contrariam</expan> partem re <lb/>iunetis/tanta erat operis firmitudo atque ea rerum natura: <lb/>ut quo maior uis aqu&aelig; &longs;e incita&longs;&longs;et / hoc arctius colligata 
<pb/>tenerentur iuga. H&aelig;c materia iniecta <expan abbr="contexeb&atilde;tur">contexebantur</expan> longu <lb/>riis: cratibu&longs;que con&longs;ternebantur: ac nihilo&longs;egnius gratilio <lb/>res trabes quas &longs;ubiciendo &longs;ubucas nuncupant/ad <expan abbr="inferior&etilde;">inferiorem</expan> <lb/>partem fluminis obliqu&aelig; agebantur/quo pro ariete &longs;ubie/ <lb/>ct&aelig;/et cum omni opere <expan abbr="c&otilde;iunct&aelig;">coniunct&aelig;</expan> uim fluminis <expan abbr="exciper&etilde;t">exciperent</expan>. <lb/>Et ali&aelig; item trabes &longs;upra pontem extabant fluuio mediocri <lb/>&longs;patio infix&aelig;: ut &longs;i arborum trunci &longs;iuc naues deiiciendi ope <lb/>ris cau&longs;a e&longs;&longs;ent a barbaris mi&longs;&longs;&aelig;: his <expan abbr="def&etilde;&longs;oribus">defen&longs;oribus</expan> earum re <lb/>rum uis minueretur: neu ponti <expan abbr="nocer&etilde;t">nocerent</expan>. Hec C&aelig;&longs;ar. Non <lb/>&longs;it abre quod apud ueronam a&longs;&longs;ueuere ligneos <expan abbr="p&otilde;tes">pontes</expan> in&longs;ter <lb/>nere ferreis uirgis: ea pr&aelig;&longs;ertim parte qua redam et carros <lb/>trahebant. Sequitur lapideus pons: eius partes h&aelig; &longs;unt. Su <lb/>bices <expan abbr="ripar&utilde;">riparum</expan> pil&aelig;: fornix in&longs;tratura. Inter &longs;ubices riparum <lb/>atque pilas hoc intere&longs;t: quod h&aelig; ualido penitus obnixu per/ <lb/>&longs;tent nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. Nam ad <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;tin&etilde;da">&longs;u&longs;tinenda</expan> modo &longs;uperiniect&aelig; for <lb/>nicis <expan abbr="p&otilde;dera">pondera</expan> uti et pil&aelig;: uerum et amplius ad prima pontis <lb/>capita et arcuum uim arcendam et <expan abbr="continend&atilde;">continendam</expan> nequid pan <lb/>dant. Ergo <expan abbr="elig&etilde;d&aelig;">eligend&aelig;</expan> rip&aelig; uel potius rupes lapide&aelig; <expan abbr="n&atilde;que">nanque</expan> ob <lb/>fir mi&longs;&longs;im&aelig;: quibus pontis capita committas. <expan abbr="Pilar&utilde;">Pilarum</expan> nume <lb/>rus ad fluuii latitudinem referetur. Arcus impares cum de <lb/>lectant numero: tum et conducunt firmitati. Nam medius <lb/>fluenti cur&longs;us quo a cohertione riparum remotior e&longs;t: eo et <lb/>liberior: et quo liberior/ eo et concitatior atque <expan abbr="&itilde;petuo&longs;ior">impetuo&longs;ior</expan> <lb/>deuoluitur. Ergo is quidem linquendus e&longs;t uagus: ne pil&aelig; <lb/>rum firmitati officiat illuctando. Et locand&aelig; per fluuium <lb/>pil&aelig; <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;unt/ ubi ca&longs;tigatiores et ut ita loquar de&longs;idio <lb/>&longs;iores und&aelig; preterlabantur. Huius <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> loci dino&longs;cen <lb/>di alluuiones mon&longs;trabunt: alioquin &longs;ic rem captabimus. <lb/>Eos enim imitati qui nucem flumine &longs;par&longs;ere: quibus col/ <lb/>lectis ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="ue&longs;cer&etilde;tur/">ue&longs;cerentur/</expan> perpetuum fiuminis tran&longs;itum &longs;u <lb/>pra longe ad pa&longs;&longs;us puta mille quingentos: quo pr&aelig;&longs;ertim <lb/>tempore fluuius excreuerit: quippiam cale quod aquas &longs;u <lb/>pernatet deiiciemus. Indicio erit aquas maiore illic &longs;e con <lb/>citare impetu: quo loci qu&aelig; ieceris plurimum conueniant. 
<pb/>Ponendis igitur pilis hunc uitabimus locum: eum captabi <lb/>mus: ad quem iacta rariora tardioraque deuenerint. Mina <lb/>rex cum ad memphim pontem facere in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;et: nilum de <lb/>duxit alio per montes: ab&longs;olutoque opere &longs;uum in alueum <lb/>re&longs;tituit. Nicoris a&longs;yorum regina paratis omnibus que ad <lb/>pontem in&longs;truendum facerent: effo&longs;&longs;o lacu ampli&longs;&longs;imo/flu <lb/>uium diuertit eo: atque interea <expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> lacus impletur &longs;icco flu <lb/>minis alueo pilas extruxit. H&aelig;c illi. At nos &longs;ic rem pro&longs;e <lb/>quemur. Pilarum fundamenta per <expan abbr="autumn&utilde;">autumnum</expan> aquis deficien <lb/>tibus &longs;i&longs;tentur: &longs;epto circumcato. Septi faciundi modus <lb/>hic e&longs;t. Pali non infrequentes duplici ordine <expan abbr="fig&utilde;tur">figuntur</expan>: ut ca <lb/>pitibus ab aqua emergant in uallorum &longs;petiem: obducun/ <lb/>turque intror&longs;um ad pilas/ pro uallorum ambitu crates: et <lb/>complentur ordinum interualla: alga et luto: <expan abbr="in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;&atilde;turqueconculcatione">in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;anturque<lb/>conculcatione</expan> quod <expan abbr="&itilde;fluere">influere</expan> amplius aqua nequicquam po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/>Moxque intra <expan abbr="&longs;in&utilde;">&longs;inum</expan> &longs;epti re&longs;ident: &longs;eu aqua &longs;eu preter <expan abbr="aqu&atilde;">aquam</expan> <lb/>limus harena ue &longs;it/ &longs;eu quid aliud operi incommodum &longs;it <lb/>eximitur. C&aelig;tera perficiuntur uti libro &longs;uperiore per&longs;crip <lb/>&longs;imus. Ad &longs;olidum enim defoditur: uel potius palis pr&aelig;u <lb/>&longs;tis &longs;olum arcti&longs;&longs;ime con&longs;pi&longs;&longs;antur. I&longs;tic aduerti egregios <lb/>architecto&longs; a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e perpetuo pontis ip&longs;ius tractu <expan abbr="perpetu&atilde;">perpetuam</expan> <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e ba&longs;im eam effecere non una omnem clau&longs;o flu <lb/>mine unico &longs;epto: Sed additamentis noui&longs;&longs;ima iam tum <lb/>po&longs;itis adigendo. Tota enim uis aque omnino arceri et <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tineri nequicquam pote&longs;t. Ergo &longs;inenda fluento dum opus <lb/>ducimus &aelig;&longs;tuaria &longs;unt/quibus la&longs;&longs;etur contumacia protur <lb/>gentium undarum. Ae&longs;tuaria i&longs;t&aelig;c aut ip&longs;o <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> uado aperta <lb/>dimittentur aut ubi conferat parabuntur form&aelig; ligne&aelig;/et <lb/>canales pen&longs;iles/quibus exuberans fluentis aqua <expan abbr="&longs;uperflu&etilde;">&longs;uperfluem</expan> <lb/>do labatur. Quod &longs;i tant&aelig; piguerit impen&longs;&aelig; &longs;ingulis ba&longs;is <lb/>pilis ba&longs;es ponito &longs;implices/ut &longs;int ex liburn&aelig; &longs;imilitudi <lb/>ne oblong&aelig;/prora et puppi in angulum promi&longs;&longs;a/et per&longs;i <lb/>nita/ atque &longs;ecundum aqu&aelig; ip&longs;iu&longs; decur&longs;um ad lineam di <lb/>rigito/ut pre impotentium aquarum uim di&longs;partiundo <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> 
<pb/>minuant. Memini&longs;&longs;e oportet undas puppibus pilarum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pro <lb/>ris e&longs;&longs;e infe&longs;tatiores. Id <expan abbr="m&otilde;&longs;tratur">mon&longs;tratur</expan> ex ea re quod ad puppes pi <lb/>larum <expan abbr="fec&utilde;dior">fecundior</expan> illuctatur aqua <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad proras. Tum et ui&longs;un <lb/>tur illic gurgites in profundum excauati: cum pror&aelig; ip&longs;&aelig; <lb/>alueo harena oppletiore per&longs;i&longs;tant. Qu&aelig; quom ita &longs;int has <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e partes in omni operis mole muniti&longs;&longs;imas/ et ad <expan abbr="toler&atilde;">toleram</expan> <lb/>das aquarum a&longs;&longs;iduas mole&longs;tias firmati&longs;&longs;imas oportet. Ad <lb/>rem igitur uehementer confert/ &longs;i profundum opus ip&longs;um <lb/>pedamenti multo quaque uer&longs;us/ et maxime ad puppim pro <lb/>tendetur quoad etiam quouis ca&longs;u &longs;ubdempta pedamento/ <lb/>rum parte/multa &longs;uper&longs;int qu&aelig; oneri pilarum ferendo non <lb/>deficiant. <expan abbr="C&otilde;fertque">Confertque</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis <expan abbr="qu&atilde;uis">quanuis</expan> ba&longs;im i&longs;tic ip&longs;o a pri <lb/>mordio producere inaccliue: ut aqu&aelig; &longs;upuadentes non pr&aelig; <lb/>rupto irruat: &longs;ed lap&longs;u molli facile dilabitur. Nam pr&aelig;ci/ <lb/>piti <expan abbr="cad&etilde;s">cadens</expan> aqua fundum commouet/et inde facta turbidior <lb/>a&longs;por<gap/> at commota: et <expan abbr="loc&utilde;">locum</expan> momentis excauat. Pilas a&longs;true <lb/>mus lapide <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id queat pr&aelig;grandi/ longitudine et latitudi <lb/>ne eximia: qui natura &longs;ui gelicidiis re&longs;i&longs;tat: et aquis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ma <lb/>ceretur: neque alioquin f<gap/>cile di&longs;&longs;oluatur: neque frace&longs;cat &longs;ub <lb/>onere: coagmentabiturque omni <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> ad regulam/ ad <lb/><expan abbr="perp&etilde;diculum/ad">perpendiculum/ad</expan> libellam/nexuris nunquam intermi&longs;&longs;is/ <lb/>in <expan abbr="long&utilde;/intran&longs;uc">longun/intran&longs;uc</expan>: &longs;um iuncturis mutuo complicitis/&longs;pre <lb/>ta omni minorum lapidum infractura. Adigeturque ex &aelig;re <lb/>acus et an&longs;&aelig; crebr&aelig;/eorum loculis ita pre&longs;&longs;is et ita di&longs;po&longs;itis <lb/>ut ulceribus non debilitentur lapides: &longs;ed firmentur captu: <lb/>tolleturque in <expan abbr="alt&utilde;">altum</expan> opus/prora et puppi angulari: toto uer <lb/>tic<gap/> eminenti u&longs;que etiam exuberantes alluuiones pilarum <lb/>frontes &longs;uperet. Pilarum cra&longs;&longs;itudo ad pontis alcitudinem <lb/>erit &longs;ub quadrupla. Fuere qui non in <gap/>ngulum proras i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi et puppim &longs;ed emiciclo finieru. t ductos credo linia <lb/>menti uenu&longs;tate. Et ciclum tamet&longs;i habere anguli uires di <lb/>xerim angulum tamen i&longs;ti<gap/> <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> primis probo: modo non ita <lb/>acuminetur: ut ad omnes leues iniurias decu&longs;&longs;atus dehone 
<pb/>&longs;tetur. Quin et is quidem ciclo decu&longs;&longs;atus deton&longs;u&longs;que pla <lb/>cebit: &longs;i erit non ita obtu&longs;us relictus et impetentis und&aelig; ce <lb/>leritas infen&longs;a re&longs;i&longs;tet. Iu&longs;tum pilis angulum &longs;tatuemus fo <lb/>re cui rectus <expan abbr="&atilde;gulus">angulus</expan> &longs;exquitertius &longs;it: aut &longs;i minus delectet <lb/>&longs;exquialter. H&aelig;c de pilis. At riparum &longs;ubices &longs;i quales op <lb/>tamus natura loci non pr&aelig;&longs;tabuntur: pilarum opere firma <lb/>bimus: noui&longs;&longs;ima&longs;que inter ad ripam pilas ip&longs;o in &longs;icco ar <lb/>cu&longs;que aliquos protendemus: ut &longs;iquid forte undarum a&longs;&longs;i <lb/>duitas tempe&longs;tatum &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;u ex ripa ab&longs;ter&longs;erit/uia tamen <lb/>producto in agrum <expan abbr="p&otilde;te">ponte</expan> minime inter&longs;ec<gap/>tar. Fornices et <lb/>arcus cum c&aelig;teras ob res: tum propter acres et nu&longs;quam in <lb/>termi&longs;&longs;as carrorum intremitatione&longs; e&longs;&longs;e oportet per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> egre <lb/>gie ualidas et mirifice obfirmatas. Adde quod interdum tra/ <lb/>henda per pontem &longs;unt ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima forta&longs;&longs;is pondera colo&longs;/ <lb/>&longs;orum/obeli&longs;corum et eiu&longs;modi: utque &longs;cauro limitarem la <lb/>pidem trahenti euenit: redemptores publici damna infecta <lb/>metuant ea re pons et <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;to">lineamento</expan> et omni opere ad perpetui <lb/>tatem crit accomodandus contra carrorum incu&longs;&longs;iones cre <lb/>bras atque mole&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas deberi pontibus integros lapides <lb/>pr&aelig;grandes: inducit ratio facile ut a&longs;&longs;entiamur incudis <expan abbr="ex&etilde;">exem</expan> <lb/>plo. Nam &longs;i grandis et perinde grauis illa quidem &longs;it: mal <lb/>lcorum incu&longs;&longs;ationes facile &longs;u&longs;tinet. &longs;ed &longs;i leuior: ictibus re <lb/>&longs;ultat et commouetur. Diximus fornicem arcubus compli <lb/>menti&longs;que contineri: et arcum e&longs;&longs;e firmi&longs;&longs;imum cum qui &longs;it <lb/>rectus: Quod &longs;i ex pilarum di&longs;po&longs;itione ita re&longs;pondeat re/ <lb/>ctus: ut eius nimque procera incuruitate offendare: utemur <lb/>comminuto: riparum &longs;ubicibus maiori cra&longs;&longs;itudine multo <lb/>confirmatis. Denique arcus quiuis qui ad fornicis i&longs;tius <expan abbr="fr&otilde;">from</expan> <lb/>tes extabit coaptabitur ip&longs;o ex lapide pr&aelig;duro et pr&aelig;gran <lb/>di nibilo&longs;egnius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> is quem pilis mandandum duxeris. Et <lb/>ne erun<gap/> quidem gratiliores in arcu lapides: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut cra&longs;&longs;itu/ <lb/>dine ad cordam &longs;ui ex decupla re&longs;pondeant. Corda ne erit 
<pb/>quidem <expan abbr="l&otilde;gior">longior</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut ad pil&aelig; cra&longs;&longs;itudinem &longs;excupla: ne bre <lb/>uior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut quadrupla re&longs;pondeat: aderuntque ad cuneos i&longs;ti <lb/>u&longs;modi mutuo innectendos acus &aelig;rei in&longs;iti: atque an&longs;&aelig; mi <lb/>nime inualid&aelig;: tum ad arcum &longs;upremus cuneus/ qui &longs;pina <lb/>dicitur/erit cum ad compares lineas cum c&aelig;teris dolatus: <lb/>tum habebit amplius quippiam altero &longs;ui capite cra&longs;&longs;itudi <lb/>nis: quo non ni&longs;i fi&longs;tigica in&longs;eri: et leui ariete po&longs;&longs;it intru/ <lb/>di. Sic enim &longs;ubinde reliqui per arcum &longs;ubiecti cunei ar/ <lb/>ctius per&longs;tricti con&longs;tantius in officio <expan abbr="perdurab&utilde;t">perdurabunt</expan>. Comple <lb/>menta omnia <expan abbr="inter&longs;tru&etilde;tur">inter&longs;truentur</expan> lapide/quo nullus integrior ne <lb/>xura/qua nulla coniunctior afferri po&longs;&longs;it. Quod &longs;i firmi&longs; <lb/>&longs;imi lapidis copia u&longs;que non &longs;uppeditabit complementis p <lb/>ficiundis imbecilliores pro nece&longs;&longs;itate non recu&longs;abo modo <lb/>toto ip&longs;ius fornicis dor&longs;o &longs;pina et utrinque contigui ad &longs;pi <lb/>nam adacti ordine&longs; nequicquam ni&longs;i expr&aelig;duro lapide a&longs;ci <lb/>&longs;cantur. Sequitur ut in&longs;ternatur id opus non magis ponti/ <lb/>bus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> perpetuis quidem uiis den&longs;andum e&longs;t &longs;olum/ in&longs;par <lb/>gendumque glarea/ad cubiti cra&longs;&longs;itudinem: po&longs;t &longs;uperin <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tru&etilde;dus">&longs;truendus</expan> lapis fultu haren&aelig; pur&aelig; fluuiatilis aut marin&aelig;. <lb/>Pontibus autem &longs;ub&longs;tratura et &longs;olum <expan abbr="cem&etilde;tio">cementio</expan> opere ad &longs;ui <lb/>arcus parem cra&longs;&longs;itudinem erit coequandum. Po&longs;t id qu&aelig; <lb/>in&longs;traueris calce fulcienda &longs;unt. In c&aelig;teris par ambobus <lb/>erit ratio. Nam munientur quidem latera &longs;tructura firmi&longs; <lb/>&longs;ima/et <expan abbr="&longs;uperin&longs;tern&etilde;tur">&longs;uperin&longs;ternentur</expan> lapide/nec pu&longs;illo/nec uolubili: <lb/>qui leui appul&longs;u diuellatur: nec item ampli&longs;&longs;imo / adeo ut <lb/>illic ueluti in lubrico prolabi <expan abbr="ium&etilde;tum">iumentum</expan> &longs;i ceperit ruat: pri <lb/>u&longs;quam fixuram inueniat ubi ungula re&longs;titet. Atqui pluri <lb/>mum quidem intere&longs;t quo <expan abbr="in&longs;tern&atilde;tur">in&longs;ternantur</expan> lapide: aut quid pu <lb/>tas longo et a&longs;&longs;iduo iumentorum rotarumque attritu fieri: <lb/>quando formicas ip&longs;um per &longs;ilicem pedum attritu excaua&longs; <lb/>&longs;e callem admoneamur<gap/> Sed ueteres aduerti: <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> alibi: tum <lb/>ad tiburtinam ui&aelig; medium &longs;iliceo lapide in&longs;traui&longs;&longs;e. Late <lb/>uero hinc atque hinc operui&longs;&longs;e glarea minuta. Id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> 
<pb/>quo i&longs;tic rot&aelig; in&longs;trata corrumperent minus recuteret <expan abbr="ium&etilde;">iumen</expan> <lb/>torum ungulas: alibi et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim pontibus &longs;ublatos lapideis <lb/>gradibus toto pontis tractu calles habuere ad &longs;pondas/qui <lb/>bus ambularent pedites nitidius. Medium autem plau&longs;tris <lb/>equitibu&longs; ue relinqueretur. C&aelig;terum ueteres huic operi &longs;i <lb/>liceum lapidem egregie probauerunt. Inter &longs;ilices fi&longs;tulo <lb/>&longs;us commodior: non quia durior/&longs;ed quia ue&longs;tigiis minus <lb/>lubricus. <expan abbr="Qualic&utilde;que">Qualicunque</expan> dabitur lapide pro rerum copia ute <lb/>mur: modo pr&aelig;duri&longs;&longs;imi &longs;eligantur quibus ea &longs;altem ui&aelig; <lb/>pars in&longs;ternatur: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> poti&longs;&longs;imum iumenta <expan abbr="rept&atilde;do">reptando</expan> petan<gap/>. <lb/>Et petunt quidem &aelig;quabiliorem: accliuiorem penitus re/ <lb/>cu&longs;ant: poneturque &longs;eu &longs;ilex/&longs;eu quiuis lapis latus/cubitum <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;us ne minus pede. Suprema &longs;uperficie &aelig;quabili/lateri <lb/>hus coh&aelig;rentibus nullis intermi&longs;&longs;is hiatibus di&longs;po&longs;itus ad <lb/>fa&longs;tigium quo exceptus imber diffundatur. Fa&longs;tigiatio tri <lb/>plex. Nam aut in medium &longs;trat&aelig; decurret accliuitas quod la <lb/>tioribus debetur uiis aut in latera quod arctiores minus impe <lb/>di<gap/>: aut rectam per longitudinem perducetur. I&longs;ta quidem <lb/>moderantur prout cloacarum riuulorumque exitus <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> mare: in <lb/>lacum: aut in fluentum pre&longs;tantur. Iu&longs;ta erit fa&longs;tigatio bi/ <lb/>nos in cubitos digytum &longs;emis. Aduerti <expan abbr="ueter&utilde;">ueterum</expan> accliuia qui <lb/>bus in montes a&longs;cenderent triginta quou&longs;que <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> pedes pedem <lb/>fa&longs;tigia&longs;&longs;e unum. Et locis nonnullis utputa ad pontium ca <lb/>pita ui&longs;untur fa&longs;tigiata altitudine ut &longs;int &longs;ingulos in cubi/ <lb/>tos palmo: &longs;ed &longs;unt ea quidem breuia: qu&aelig; onu&longs;tum iumen <lb/>tum uno innixu pr&aelig;teruolet. Cloacas ad opus uiarum &longs;pe <lb/>ctare arbitraniur: quod &longs;ubtermedias per uias ducend&aelig; <lb/>&longs;int: quod ad in&longs;ternendas /co&aelig;quandas /purgatiore&longs;que <lb/>reddendas uias conferant. Has ea de re hic non negliga/ <lb/>mus. Enimuero cloacam quid e&longs;&longs;e ego aliud dixerim <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="p&otilde;">pom</expan> <lb/>tem/uel potius arcum aliquem longe lati&longs;&longs;imum nimirum <lb/>iccirco in his cloacis con&longs;tituendis qu&aelig; hactenus de ponte <lb/>ip&longs;o a&longs;truendo recen&longs;uimus: omnia admodum ob&longs;eruabun 
<pb/>tur. Atqui cloacarum quidem u&longs;um ueteres tanti fecere: <lb/>ut in nullo opere ab&longs;oluendo <expan abbr="t&atilde;tum">tantum</expan> impen&longs;&aelig; et diligenti&aelig; <lb/>adhibui&longs;&longs;e u&longs;piam uideantur. Cloacas inter mirifica ur/ <lb/>bis rom&aelig; opera primas annumerant. Non hic in&longs;i&longs;to/quan <lb/>tas afferant cloac&aelig; commoditates/ ad urbis lautitiem/ ad <lb/>publicarum priuatarumque &aelig;dium munditiem/ad aeris &longs;a <lb/>lubritatem et &longs;inceritatem non inficiendam. Smyrnam <lb/>urbem <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> qua Trebonium Dolobella ob&longs;idione liberauit uia <lb/>rum directione et operum ornamentis alioquin fui&longs;&longs;e pul/ <lb/>cherrimam ferunt: &longs;ed cloace quod non ade&longs;&longs;ent: quibus for <lb/>des emi&longs;&longs;&aelig; exciperentur/feditate ho&longs;pites <expan abbr="off&etilde;debat">offendebat</expan>. Senis <lb/>in ethruria ad lautitiem dee&longs;t quod de&longs;unt cloace. Ex quo fit <lb/>ut non &longs;olum prima ultimaque noctis uigilia quibus horis <lb/>collectarum &longs;ordium ua&longs;a ex fene&longs;tris funduntur/ tota fete <lb/>at: uerum et inde interdum ob&longs;cena et grauiter humectata <lb/>&longs;it. Cloacarum ali&aelig; &longs;unt quas diffu&longs;orias appello quod im/ <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;as aquas in fluentum/in lacum/aut in mare <expan abbr="defund&atilde;t">defundant</expan>. <lb/>Ali&aelig; &longs;ubdiu&aelig; quibus concept&aelig; <expan abbr="aquar&utilde;">aquarum</expan> &longs;ordes non alio euo <lb/>mantur: &longs;ed qua&longs;i terr&aelig; a<gap/>eo inhau&longs;t&aelig; &longs;idendo confician/ <lb/><gap/>ur. Diffu&longs;orias e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;tratas oportet &longs;tratura decliui ac <lb/>prona et &longs;olida: qua liberrime diffluat: et que illic &longs;tructa <lb/>&longs;int a&longs;&longs;idua humectatione non macerentur. Et ha&longs;ce confert <lb/>habere a fluuio &longs;ublatas: quoad turbidis alluuionibus no&shy;<lb/>compleatur: et limo minime ob&longs;truatur. Subdiuus ip&longs;o <lb/>nudo erimus <expan abbr="c&otilde;tenti">contenti</expan> &longs;olo. Nam terram quidem poet&aelig; cer <lb/>berum: philo&longs;ophi lupum e&longs;&longs;e deorum <expan abbr="predic&atilde;t/">predicant/</expan> quod omnia <lb/>uoret: omnia con&longs;umat. Igitur &longs;purcities et qu&aelig; immi&longs;&longs;a <lb/>concipientur tellure conficiente euane&longs;cent: et minus ua/ <lb/>porum ad feditatem odoris exalabunt. Sed uelim cloa/ <lb/>cas in quibus urina fundenda &longs;it procul abduci a parieti/ <lb/>bus. Ardoribus enim folis maiorem <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> modum inficiuntur <lb/>atque uitiantur. Flumina pr&aelig;terea et fo&longs;&longs;as aquarias qu&aelig; 
<pb/>pr&aelig;&longs;ertim <expan abbr="fer&etilde;dis">ferendis</expan> nauigiis &longs;eruiant cum uiarum rationibus <lb/>cen&longs;endas puto/quando inter uehiculorum genera nauium <lb/><expan abbr="a&longs;eribend&atilde;">a&longs;eribendam</expan> non inficientur. Tum et mare ip&longs;um natura &longs;ui <lb/>quid erit aliud <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> &quml; multo patens uia. Sed de his nihil <lb/>e&longs;t hoc loco quod prolixius di&longs;&longs;erui&longs;&longs;e conferat. Quod &longs;i <lb/>quid acciderit ut hominum u&longs;ibus i&longs;ta h&aelig;c minus &longs;uppedi <lb/>tent: erit tunc ut manu et arte qu&aelig; forte offenderint uitia/ <lb/>emendentur: et qu&aelig; de&longs;int commoditates parentur: quarum<lb/>rerum &longs;uo <expan abbr="tractabi&ttilde;">tractabitur</expan> loco ratio. Nunc &longs;i qua e&longs;t urbis pars <lb/>qu&aelig; cum his conueniat de quibus hic agendum e&longs;t: ea nimi <lb/>rum erit portus. Atqui portus quidem ueluti in curriculo <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e carcer uidebitur: a quo ui&aelig; cur&longs;um ineas: aut peracta <lb/>excur&longs;ione de&longs;inas et conquie&longs;cas. Alii portum forta&longs;&longs;is na <lb/>uigii &longs;tabulum e&longs;&longs;e interpretabuntur. E&longs;to id uti uis: et car <lb/>cer/et &longs;tabulum/et conceptaculum. Certe &longs;i portus cuiu&longs;que<lb/>proprium e&longs;t/nauim a procellarum impetu ad &longs;e recipere: <lb/>tueri profecto nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ad&longs;int latcra ualida et alta. Tum <lb/>et coaptatum habeat <expan abbr="&longs;pati&utilde;">&longs;patium</expan> oportet: ita ut illic nauigia et <lb/>g<gap/>andia et onu&longs;ta excipi commode/et acquie&longs;cere tuto po&longs; <lb/>&longs;int: qua&longs; res &longs;i pr&aelig;&longs;tabit ip&longs;a per &longs;e locorum oportunita&longs;: <lb/>nihil erit quod aplius de&longs;ideres/ni forte/ueluti apud athe <lb/>nas: quam tris habui&longs;&longs;e portus naturales &longs;cribit Tuchidi/ <lb/>des/animi dubius <expan abbr="&longs;is/qu&etilde;">&longs;is/quem</expan> nam ex pluribus tibi pr&aelig;cipuum <lb/>captes ubi terras quas portus po&longs;tulet pro&longs;equare. At con/ <lb/>&longs;tat quidem ex his qu&aelig; primo in libro diximus/ regiones <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e alias qbus <expan abbr="u&etilde;ti">uenti</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> oes <expan abbr="po&longs;&longs;&utilde;t">po&longs;&longs;unt</expan>: alias qbuseorum aliq pmo <lb/>le&longs;ti et pa&longs;&longs;idui <expan abbr="uige&atilde;t">uigeant</expan>. <expan abbr="H&utilde;c">Hunc</expan> <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> praferemus <expan abbr="port&utilde;">portum</expan>: q &longs;au <lb/>cibus mitiores et &longs;editiores auras &longs;piiat: <expan abbr="qu&etilde;">quem</expan> ue ingredi et <lb/>egredi <expan abbr="uol&etilde;tibus">uolentibus</expan> uentis neque <expan abbr="dud&utilde;">dudum</expan> <expan abbr="leg&utilde;">legum</expan> expectatis ualeas. <lb/><expan abbr="O&etilde;s">Oens</expan> inter uentos <expan abbr="placidi&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">placidi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="bore&atilde;">boream</expan> arbitrantur: tum <lb/>et aquilone <expan abbr="mot&utilde;">motum</expan> mare illico <expan abbr="ce&longs;&longs;&atilde;te">ce&longs;&longs;ante</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;to">uento</expan> quie&longs;cere au&longs;tro <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ate po&longs;tdiu fluctuare <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;euer&atilde;t">a&longs;&longs;euerant</expan>. Sed pro locorum uarietate <lb/>ad <expan abbr="naui&utilde;">nauium</expan> <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> qu&aelig; <expan abbr="c&otilde;modiora">commodiora</expan> et expeditiora &longs;int <expan abbr="elig&etilde;tur">eligentur</expan>: 
<pb/>optatur et profunditas cum faucibus tum &longs;inu tum ripis: <lb/>qu&aelig; nauim onerariam grauem <expan abbr="c&otilde;uectis">conuectis</expan> rebus non refutet: <lb/>et fundo e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="purgato/nequic&qtilde;">purgato/nequicquae</expan> h&aelig;rbo&longs;o conuenit. Tamet <lb/>&longs;i plurimum interdum commoditatis afferant h&aelig;rbarum den <lb/>&longs;&aelig; conplex&aelig;que radices ad ancoras <expan abbr="obfirm&atilde;das">obfirmandas</expan>. Malim ta <lb/>men huiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e portum: ut nihil in &longs;e concipiat/ quod <lb/>puritatem aeris contaminet: aut naues ledat: uti &longs;unt alga <lb/>h&aelig;rb&aelig;que aquis ort&aelig;. Nam infe&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos carinis uermes ti <lb/>neas/atque lumbriculos: et putre&longs;centibus littoribus pe&longs;ti <lb/>lentes fetores excitant. Portum quoque tabificum et <expan abbr="pe&longs;til&etilde;">pe&longs;tilem</expan> <lb/>tem reddent dulces immixt&aelig; aqu&aelig;: pre&longs;ertim quas <expan abbr="m&otilde;tes">montes</expan> <lb/>a nimbis conceptas dederint: habere tamen conterminos pro<lb/>ximo&longs;que <expan abbr="f&otilde;tes">fontes</expan> ac riuos. Vnde puram et naui &longs;eruabilem <lb/>de&longs;umas aquam: et uelim expeditos et directos/ et certus <lb/>egre&longs;&longs;us habeat/immunes &longs;irtibus: liberos impedimentis: <lb/>tutus ab in&longs;idiis ho&longs;tium/et pyratarum: tum et <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> caput iux <lb/>ta cel&longs;os et <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;picuos">con&longs;picuos</expan> uelim aliquos uertices montium im <lb/>minere in&longs;ignes/notabiles/quos naut&aelig; procul <expan abbr="dino&longs;c&etilde;tes">dino&longs;centes</expan> <lb/>ueluti de&longs;tinatum uelificationis &longs;ignum petant. Intra por <lb/>tum ducenda e&longs;t ripa et pons: quo nauis exonerand&aelig; com/ <lb/>moditas &longs;it proximior. H&aelig;c opera ueteres fecere. Alii ali <lb/>ter: de quibus non e&longs;t hic edi&longs;&longs;erendi locus. Nam eorum <lb/>quidem ratio ad portum emendandum molemque <expan abbr="duc&etilde;dam">ducendam</expan> <lb/>pertinet: que &longs;uo dicentur loco. Habebit etim portus <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> <lb/>ambulationem/et porticum/et templum: qua egre&longs;&longs;i naui <lb/>excipiantur. Non deerunt column&aelig; et an&longs;&aelig; et anuli ferrei <lb/>quibus nauis illigetur. Crebri &longs;tatuentur fornices: quibus <lb/>importata condantur. <expan abbr="Su&longs;citab&utilde;tur">Su&longs;citabuntur</expan> et turres pro faucibus <lb/>alt&aelig; et munit&aelig;: ut ea ex &longs;pecula uelorum aduentus pr&aelig;ui/ <lb/><expan abbr="de&atilde;t">deant</expan>: et nocturnis ignibus certos nautis <expan abbr="&itilde;gre&longs;&longs;us">ingre&longs;&longs;us</expan> <expan abbr="m&otilde;&longs;tr&etilde;t">mon&longs;trent</expan>: <lb/>et propugnaculis nauigia &longs;ociorum tueantur/et tran&longs;uer&longs;&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="adiici&etilde;tur">adiicientur</expan> caten&aelig;/quibus ho&longs;tis excludatur/et a portu me <lb/>diamque in urbem dirigetur uia militaris: confluentque <lb/>uici non pauci: quibus undequaque in&longs;olentem <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> cla&longs;&longs;em ho 
<pb/>&longs;tium fiat irruptio: habebitque intror&longs;us &longs;eductos &longs;inus mi <lb/>nores: ubi debilitata nauigia <expan abbr="in&longs;taur&etilde;tur">in&longs;taurentur</expan>. Sed hoc quod ad <lb/>portum pertineat non pretermittatur. Celebres et fuere et <lb/>&longs;unt ciuitates ea re tutiores quod fauces et pro faucibus ingre&longs; <lb/>&longs;um incertum habeant/et uix <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> oculis mobiles canalium di <lb/>uer&longs;iones in &longs;ingulas horas annatantibus cognitum. H&aelig;c <lb/>&longs;unt qu&aelig; de publicis uniuer&longs;orum rebus dicenda uideban/ <lb/>tur/ni illud addideris/ quod part<gap/>ri plateas <expan abbr="iube&atilde;t">iubeant</expan>: quibu&longs; in <lb/>pace conuecta mercentur: et iuuentus exerceatur: et in bel <lb/>lo lignationes/pabulationes/ et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi tolerand&aelig; ob&longs;i <lb/>dionis remedia &longs;eruentur. Templum uero delubra et ba&longs;i <lb/>lica et &longs;pectaculum et eiu&longs;modi magis <expan abbr="c&otilde;munia">communia</expan> &longs;nnt <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pro <lb/>pria non multorum: &longs;ed &longs;acerdotes illi quidem: &longs;eu magi/ <lb/>&longs;tratus &longs;int. De his igitur &longs;uo dicetur loco.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DESINGVLO <lb/>RVM OPERIBVSLIBER Q VINTVS</s>
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<s>PERVM Varietates <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> intra urbem tum </s>
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<s>
<arrow.to.target n="marg5"></arrow.to.target><lb/>et in agro ad ciuium incolarumque rationes <lb/>accomodari oportere/ proximo &longs;uperiore li <lb/>bro di&longs;&longs;eruimus: compertumque fecimus alia <lb/><expan abbr="ciui&utilde;">ciuium</expan> cetui uniner&longs;o: alia dignioribus: alia <lb/>ignobilioribus deberi &aelig;dificia. Qu&aelig; autem <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum gratia conuenirent ab&longs;oluimus. Singulorum <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;itati quintus hic liber <expan abbr="c&otilde;modi&longs;que">commodi&longs;que</expan> comparabitur. Qua <lb/>in re et uaria et ampla et difficili explicanda quoad nobis <lb/>erit ingenii indu&longs;tri&aelig;que enitemur: ut intelligas uolui&longs;&longs;e me <lb/>nihil pretemittere: quod <expan abbr="apt&utilde;">aptum</expan> ad rem de&longs;iderare qui&longs;piam <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it: et nihil afferre quod magis ad exornandam oratio <lb/>nem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad exequendum in&longs;titutum faceret. Ordiendum qui <lb/>dem a dignioribus. Digni&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="o&imacr;um">oinum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>: quibus rerum <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;ma">&longs;umma</expan> <lb/>et moderatio <expan abbr="c&otilde;mittatur">committatur</expan>. Hi quidem plures <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> aut unus. 
<pb/>Digni&longs;&longs;imum nimirum oportet e&longs;&longs;e hunc qui c&aelig;teris pre&longs;it <lb/>&longs;olus. Qu&aelig; igitur i&longs;tius unius gratia fiant con&longs;ideremus. Si <lb/>maximi intere&longs;t cuiu&longs;modi fore ip&longs;um hunc con&longs;tituamus <lb/>illius ne <expan abbr="&longs;imil&etilde;/qui">&longs;imilen/qui</expan> &longs;ancte pieque imperet <expan abbr="uol&etilde;tibus">uolentibus</expan>: quiue <lb/>non magis &longs;uis emolumentis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;uorum ciaium &longs;alute et com <lb/>modis moueatur? an contra eiu&longs;modi qui &longs;ibi paratam e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>cum &longs;ubditis uelit rem: ita ut etiam inuitis imperet. Nam <lb/>cum c&aelig;tera pleraque omnia edificia / tum et <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> ip&longs;am <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>eandem oportet eorum e&longs;&longs;e/quos <expan abbr="tyr&atilde;nos">tyrannos</expan> nuncupant atque <lb/>eorum qui imperium/ qua&longs;i conce&longs;&longs;um magi&longs;tratum inie/ <lb/>rint ac tueantur. Regum enim erit urbs munita/plus &longs;atis: <lb/>ubi aduentitium arcere ho&longs;tem ualeat. <expan abbr="Tyr&atilde;no">Tyranno</expan> cum &longs;ui ni/ <lb/>hilo&longs;egnius ho&longs;tes &longs;int <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> alieni: utrinque munienda ei ciui <lb/>tas e&longs;t/aduer&longs;us alienos/aduer&longs;u&longs;que &longs;uos: et ita munien/ <lb/>da: ut alienis atque <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> &longs;uis <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> &longs;uos uti &longs;ub&longs;idiis ualeat.</s>
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<s><margin.target id="marg5"></margin.target>o</s>
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<s>In ho&longs;tes urbem &longs;uperiore libro munitam fecimus: <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;uos">in&longs;uos</expan> <lb/>quid expediat con&longs;ideremus. Perualidum putat Euripides <lb/>aduer&longs;arium e&longs;&longs;e multitudinem natura &longs;ui: eamque &longs;i frau/ <lb/><expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> dolumque in <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;tulerit">contulerit</expan> reddi omnino <expan abbr="&itilde;expugnabil&etilde;">inexpugnabilem</expan>.</s>
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<s>Carras apud egyptum <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> populo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imam/adeo ut cum <lb/>indiem defunctorum capita &longs;i non plus mille efferantur/&longs;o <lb/>&longs;pitem et optime ualere arbitrentur. Prudenti&longs;&longs;imi reges <lb/>crebra fo&longs;&longs;a aquaria ita diui&longs;ere: ut iam non unam/ &longs;ed plu <lb/>rimas e&longs;&longs;e pu&longs;illas iunctas urbes dicas. Id ita fecerunt credo <lb/>ut ni&longs;i <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditas">commoditas</expan> pa&longs;&longs;im diffunderetur. Sed ea re imprimis <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt ut graues multorum motus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="uerean&ttilde;">uereantur</expan>: et q mo <lb/><expan abbr="uean&ttilde;">ueantur</expan> leui&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="compriman&ttilde;">comprimantur</expan>: uti &longs;i quis ex magno colo&longs;&longs;o <lb/>duas plures ue effecerit &longs;tatuas tractabiles atque portabiles.</s>
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<s>Romani nullum &longs;enatorem mittebant procon&longs;ulem <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> egy <lb/>ptum: &longs;ed eque&longs;tres uiros &longs;ingulis locis di&longs;tribuebant. Id <lb/>quidem ea de re in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e aiebat Arrianus: ne tam apta <lb/>ad res nouas prouintia unius imperio ageretur. Et annota/ <lb/>runt quidem urbem nullam ciuium di&longs;&longs;idiis immunem da <lb/>ri: cuius aream natura di&longs;creuerit: uti &longs;i peruadat fluen/ 
<pb/>tum/ aut &longs;i plures emineant colles/ aut &longs;i pars colle/pars <lb/>iaceat plano muro interducto commodi&longs;&longs;ime diuidetur. <lb/>Ducendum puto/non quia <expan abbr="Diametr&utilde;">Diametrum</expan> tran&longs;uer&longs;am per are <lb/>am: &longs;ed ueluti circulo circulum icludas/ nam ditiores qui <lb/>dem/laxioribus delectati &longs;paciis: facile priore a muro ex <lb/>cludi &longs;e pacietur/macellumque/media&longs;que uibis officinas <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>inuiti/circumforaneis cupidenariis reiinquent: ignauiaque<lb/>illa terr<gap/>ntiani gnatonis turba /fartorum/ laniorum/ co/ <lb/><expan abbr="quor&utilde;">quorum</expan> et eiu&longs;modi: plus &longs;ecuritatis et minus &longs;u&longs;pitionis af <lb/>feret q &longs;i ab ca primarii ciues non excluderentur illud <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;it ab re quod apud Fe&longs;tum legimus. Ser. Tullium patri <lb/>tios uico iu&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e habitare: in quo &longs;i quid molirentur: ex <lb/>loco &longs;uperiore po&longs;&longs;et opprimere. Muium <expan abbr="h&utilde;c">hunc</expan> interiorem <lb/>oportet ita ducere/ut nulla &longs;it urbis regio qua is quidem <lb/>non pertingat: et oportet cum ceteros urbis muros: tum <lb/>maxime hunc cra&longs;&longs;itudine omnique operis artificio/ualidi&longs; <lb/>&longs;imum attollere. et &longs;ublimem: quo ad priuata cunctorum <lb/>tecta excellat/mini&longs;que et propugnaculis/atque forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;a conuenit hinc atque hinc munire: ut per eum &longs;atelli <lb/>tes utroque protecti latere tutentur. Turres in&longs;uper <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ad <lb/>apertas intro&longs;um/&longs;ed circumtectas muro: et tam in &longs;uos <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>in aduentitios ho&longs;tes expo&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e locis oportet: pre&longs;er/ <lb/>tim quibus ui&aelig;/aut alta templorum tecta dirigantur. In <lb/>turres uelim nullos ni&longs;i per murum ip&longs;um <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;cen&longs;us">con&longs;cen&longs;us</expan> dari. <lb/>Et in murum ni&longs;i qua permi&longs;erit <expan abbr="pr&itilde;pces">primpces</expan> aditum patere ex <lb/>arce per urbem ad uias nulli arcus / nulle u&longs;piam turres: <lb/>relinquend&aelig; prohibend&aelig; et menia ni proiectur&aelig;. Vnde mi&longs; <lb/>&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="decur&longs;it&atilde;tes">decur&longs;itantes</expan> per uicos milites po&longs;&longs;int &longs;ubmouere. <lb/>Denique ita paranda omnis harum rerum &aelig;dificatio e&longs;t ut <lb/>edita omnia qui dominetur po&longs;&longs;ideat &longs;olus: et &longs;uis pe<gap/>cur <lb/>rendi uniuer&longs;am per urbem facultatem remoretur nemo. <lb/>Ita que his tyrannorum urbs a regum urbe differt. Forta&longs; <lb/>&longs;is ea etiam re differunt: quod liberis populis plana com/ <lb/>modiora &longs;int. Tyrannus monte &longs;it tutior. C&aelig;tera i&longs;torum 
<pb/><gap/>dificia qu&aelig; inhabitent et regis et <expan abbr="tyr&atilde;ni">tyranni</expan>: pleri&longs;que in rebus <lb/>non modo inter &longs;e uerum et una cum plebeis priuatorum &aelig;di <lb/>ficiis conueniunt: nonnullis etiam ab his atque inter &longs;e diffe <lb/>runt/prius dicendum qui conueniant po&longs;t quid cuique &longs;it pro<lb/>prium. Hoc genus &aelig;dium nece&longs;&longs;itatis gratia con&longs;titutum <lb/>interpretantur. in&longs;unt tamen partes aliqu&aelig; / alioquin com <lb/>mode quas u&longs;us et con&longs;uetudo ita uiuendi efficit/ut puten <lb/>tur penitus nece&longs;&longs;ari&aelig; uti e&longs;t porticus ambulatio/ge&longs;tatio <lb/>et eiu&longs;modi. ca nos quando &longs;ic &aelig;dificationis ratio &longs;uadeat <lb/>non ita di&longs;tinguemus/ut <expan abbr="c&otilde;moda">commoda</expan> ab ip&longs;is nece&longs;&longs;ariis &longs;egre <lb/>gemus.</s>
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<s>Sed &longs;ic ut quemadmodum <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> urbibus: ita et in &aelig;dibus i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi/alia uniuer&longs;orum e&longs;&longs;e/alia paucorum/ alia &longs;ingulo <lb/>rum dicamus. Porticum quidem et ue&longs;tibulum non &longs;eruo <lb/>rum magis uti Diorus putat <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uniuer&longs;orum ciuium gra <lb/>tia po&longs;itum arbitramur. Intra &aelig;des ambulationem aream: <lb/>atrium: &longs;alam quam a &longs;altando dictam puto/ quod in ea nu/ <lb/>ptiarum et conuiuiarum alacritas celebretur non uniuer&longs;o <lb/>rum/&longs;ed potius incolarum &longs;unt. Cenacula alia liberorum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e/alia &longs;eruorum con&longs;tat/tum dormitiones matronarum <lb/>uirginum/ho&longs;pitum/&longs;ingulorum ferme &longs;unt. De uniuer&longs;a <lb/>i&longs;torum partitione quoad generatim pertinebat diximus <lb/>libro primo: in liniamentis numero enim amplitudine: et <lb/>&longs;itu pro cuiu&longs;que u&longs;u/apte expediantur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: <expan abbr="n&utilde;c">nunc</expan> i&longs;ta <lb/>particulatim pro&longs;equamur.</s>
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<s>Porticus et ue&longs;tibullim aditu hone&longs;tabitur. Aditus <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> uia <lb/>qua pateat hone&longs;tatur/tum et operis dignitate: qua perfi <lb/>niatur interiora cenacula et cell&aelig; et eiu&longs;modi locis di&longs;po <lb/>nentur aptis/ut immi&longs;&longs;a comode &longs;eruentur: ut bene cum <lb/>aere &longs;olibus uenti&longs;que conueniant. ut ad u&longs;us expetitos <expan abbr="acc&otilde;">accom</expan> <lb/>modentur/di&longs;tinguenturque/nequid commercia: aut ho&longs;pi <lb/>tum/aut a&longs;&longs;iduorum i&longs;tis dignitatem commoditatem uo <lb/>luptatemue minuant: illis petulantiam augeant/ ac ueluti <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> urbe forum/ plate&aelig;/ita in &aelig;dibus atrium/&longs;ala/et generis 
<pb/>eiu&longs;dem habebuntur: loco non reiecto/non abdito nec an/ <lb/>gu&longs;to: &longs;ed prompta &longs;int ut cetera <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> eas membra expediti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me confluant. In has quidem &longs;calarum et itionum apertio/ <lb/>nes: <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> has <expan abbr="c&otilde;uiuarum">conuiuarum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;alutati&otilde;es">&longs;alutationes</expan> et gratulationes <expan abbr="termiuab&utilde;t">termiuabunt</expan>. <lb/>Rur&longs;us <expan abbr="h&etilde;bit">hembit</expan> &aelig;des aditus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> multiplices &longs;ed <expan abbr="unic&utilde;">unicum</expan> quo ia <lb/>nitore in&longs;cio ingredi nemo aut a&longs;portare quippiam po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/>Apertiones cum <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiorum/t&utilde;">ho&longs;tiorum/tum</expan> et fene&longs;trarum cauebimus: <lb/>ne furibus ne ue item uicinis pateant ad turbanda/ &longs;pectan <lb/>da/no&longs;cendaque qu&aelig; intus aut dicantur aut gerantur. Aegy <lb/>ptii ita domos priuatas &aelig;di&longs;icant ut extrin&longs;ecus null&aelig; fene <lb/>&longs;trarum apertiones appareant: Optaret forta&longs;&longs;is qui&longs;piam <lb/>po&longs;ticam ade&longs;&longs;e ianuam: qua me&longs;&longs;es &longs;eu reda &longs;eu <expan abbr="ium&etilde;to">iumento</expan> in <lb/>ueherentur: nequid <expan abbr="inquinam&etilde;tis">inquinamentis</expan> primaria uc&longs;tibula deho <lb/>ne&longs;tarentur: adderentque po&longs;ticulam &longs;ecretiorem: qua in&longs;cia <lb/>familia &longs;olus dominus admittere occultos tabellarios et in <lb/>ternuntios egredique ex arbitrio po&longs;&longs;it/ prout <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <expan abbr="rer&utilde;quemodus">rerunque<lb/>modus</expan> ferat. Ho&longs;ce non improbo/illud peruclim non de/ <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e abditi&longs;&longs;imas latebras/occulti&longs;&longs;imos rece&longs;&longs;us/ et celata <lb/>diffugia/ip&longs;i patrifamilias uix agnita: quibus aduer&longs;is ca <lb/>&longs;ibus argentum/ue&longs;tem/&longs;eque/&longs;i id ita mala tempe&longs;tas tule/ <lb/>rit &longs;aluet. Fecerant ad &longs;epulchrum dauid loculos: quibus <lb/>the&longs;auros ex regis h&aelig;reditate conderent/ arte mirifica: ita <lb/>ut nullatenus po&longs;&longs;ent e&longs;&longs;e manife&longs;ti. Ex quorum uno po&longs;t <lb/>annos. M. CCC. Hircanum pontificem ait lo&longs;ephus auri <lb/>talenta hau&longs;i&longs;&longs;e tria milia ut ob&longs;idione ab Antiocho libera <lb/>ret ciuitatem. Tum et po&longs;t tempora <expan abbr="Herod&etilde;">Herodem</expan> ex altero ma <lb/>gnam quoque rapui&longs;&longs;e uim auri pr&aelig;dicant. In his igitur &aelig;des <lb/>principum cum priuatis <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueniunt">conueniunt</expan>. Inter principum et pri <lb/>uatorum &aelig;des hoc maxime intere&longs;t/ quod earum utr&aelig;que &longs;uam <lb/>in primis naturam &longs;apiunt. In hac quidem que plurimorum<lb/>&longs;unt u&longs;ibus addicate /numero et amplitudine excellere: in <lb/>altera que paucorum aut &longs;ingulorum &longs;unt/ cultiora magis <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ampli&longs;&longs;ima fieri conuenit. Tum et hoc intere&longs;t: quod in his <lb/>etiam &longs;ingulorum receptus naturam &longs;apiant principum ne 
<pb/>ce&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: qu&aelig; quidem plurimorum &longs;int/ quando nu&longs;quam in <lb/>regum domibus non &longs;uperfiuit multitudo: in alteris uero <lb/>priuatis domibus partes qu&aelig; plurimorum &longs;unt ita quoque po&longs;u <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e iuuat: ut ne plus quidem regia domus membra penitu&longs; <lb/>di&longs;tincta/uxoris: uiri: mini&longs;trorum: ita ut qu&aelig;que non mo/ <lb/>do ad u&longs;um: uerum et ad maie&longs;tatem pertineant/ ubique &longs;up <lb/>peditent: et nulla ex dome&longs;ticorum multitudine confu&longs;io <lb/>redundet. Difficile &longs;ane id/ et quod haud queas unico &longs;ub <lb/>tecto efficere. Figo cuique &longs;ua et regio et area/&longs;uumque in <lb/>tegrum tecti &longs;patium et opus dabitur. Sed ita iungentur te <lb/>eto et itionibus: ut &longs;eruorum dome&longs;ticorumque <expan abbr="manus/d&utilde;">manus/dum</expan> <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;tandis operibus properant/ <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ueluti ex uicina aliqua <lb/>domo acciti &longs;e&longs;e pr&aelig;beant: &longs;ed pr&aelig;&longs;entes pr&aelig;&longs;to et prompti <lb/>&longs;int. Atqui paruuli/ancill&aelig; gracul&aelig;que cohortis &longs;trepitus a <lb/>uirorum <expan abbr="c&otilde;mertiis">commertiis</expan> &longs;ecludantur: et mini&longs;trorum omni&longs; illau/ <lb/>tities &longs;eparabitur. Principum con&longs;e&longs;&longs;us et triclinia digni&longs; <lb/>&longs;imo &longs;tat<gap/>entur loco. Dignitatem afferet loci cel&longs;itudo/et <lb/>&longs;ub oculis <expan abbr="&longs;pectat&utilde;">&longs;pectatum</expan> mare/colles/et ampla regio. Tota uxo <lb/>ris domus omnino<gap/> <expan abbr="pr&itilde;cipis">principis</expan> uiri domo &longs;ecernetur: pr&aelig;ter <lb/>id quod <expan abbr="ultim&utilde;">ultimum</expan> conclaue et genitalis lecti dormitione&longs; utri&longs;que<lb/>communia patebunt. Ho&longs;tio et ianitore codem uno ambo <lb/>rum domus claudetur atque ea&longs;todietur. C&aelig;tera quibus e&aelig; <lb/>ab aliis differant magis propria &longs;unt priuatorum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> princi/ <lb/>pum: de ip&longs;is ergo &longs;uo dicemus loco. Rur&longs;us inter &longs;e prin <lb/>cipum &aelig;des in hoc conueniunt. Nam pr&aelig;ter ea qu&aelig; priua/ <lb/>tis eorum u&longs;ibus debentur habere quidem oportet <expan abbr="adit&utilde;">aditum</expan> ex <lb/>ip&longs;a militari uia: ip&longs;oque pr&aelig;&longs;ertim/fluuio aut mari: tum <lb/>pro ue&longs;tibulo laxos receptus: quibus legatorum procerumque<lb/>comm<gap/>atus &longs;eu uehiculo/&longs;eu iumento uecti excipiantur. <lb/>Porticum et tecta non hominum &longs;olum gratia/uerum et iu <lb/>mentorum uelim ade&longs;&longs;e: quibus a &longs;ole et imbri <expan abbr="contegan&ttilde;">contegantur</expan>. <lb/>Ad ue&longs;tibulum porticus: ambulatio: ge&longs;tatio: et eiu&longs;modi <lb/>pergrata e&longs;t: ubi iuuentus &longs;eniores a principis colloquio re <lb/>deuntes expectans exerceatur &longs;altu: pila: di&longs;co: lucta. Pro 
<pb/>penetralibus &longs;ubinde <expan abbr="atrium/ba&longs;ilic&atilde;">atrium/ba&longs;ilicam</expan> ue: ubi clientes di&longs;pu <lb/>tando patronos pr&aelig;&longs;tolentur: ubi et princeps ius dicturus <lb/>ad tribunal &longs;edem &longs;tatuat. Subinde concenaculum: ubi &longs;e/ <lb/>niorcs principum &longs;alutatum conueniant: et rogati &longs;ententi <lb/>am dicant. Idque forta&longs;&longs;is aliud &aelig;&longs;tiuum/aliud e&longs;&longs;e hiema <lb/>le conuenit: et omnino patrum qui conuenerint &aelig;tati fe&longs;&longs;&aelig; <lb/>et delitiis <expan abbr="pro&longs;pici&etilde;dum">pro&longs;piciendum</expan> e&longs;t: nequid illic ualitudini aduer <lb/>&longs;um influat. et <expan abbr="qu&atilde;tum">quantum</expan> ratio et nece&longs;&longs;itas temporum po&longs;tu <lb/>lat rebus di&longs;ceptandis &longs;tatuendi&longs;que po&longs;&longs;int &longs;ine ulla uel mi <lb/>nima <expan abbr="impediti&otilde;e">impeditione</expan> commorari. Comperio <gap/> Senecam pri <lb/>mum omnium Gracchum/ mox <expan abbr="Liui&utilde;">Liuium</expan> Dru&longs;um in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> uno loco audire omnes: &longs;ed habere turbam &longs;egregatam: <lb/>et alios in &longs;ecretis recipere: alios cum pluribus: alios cum <lb/>uniuer&longs;is: uti amicos primos et &longs;ecundos eo pacto notaret: <lb/>id &longs;i i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> fortuna aut licet aut placet: ianu&aelig; diuer <lb/>&longs;&aelig; fient et plures: quibus alia atque alia parte recipiant/ac <lb/>receptos mittant: et quos nolint <expan abbr="exclud&atilde;t">excludant</expan> &longs;ine <expan abbr="c&otilde;tumacia">contumacia</expan>. <lb/>Aedibus &longs;pecula &longs;uperemineat: qua eue&longs;tigio cuiu&longs;uis mo <lb/>tus fiat certior. Itaque <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> his et i&longs;torum &longs;imilibus <expan abbr="conueni&utilde;t">conueniunt</expan>. <lb/>In quibus uero <expan abbr="differ&utilde;t">differunt</expan> h&aelig;c &longs;unt. Nam regum <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &aelig;des <lb/>in media urbe aditu facilis: ornatu uenu&longs;ta: lautitie <expan abbr="eleg&atilde;s">elegans</expan> <lb/>magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;uperba &longs;it. <expan abbr="c&otilde;decet">condecet</expan> <expan abbr="tyr&atilde;no">tyranno</expan> non &aelig;des magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> arx <lb/>locanda e&longs;t: ut &longs;it neque in urbe neque exurbe. Adde quod ad re/ <lb/>gis &aelig;des &longs;pectaculum templum proccrumque tecta pulcher/ <lb/>rime adiunguntur. <expan abbr="Tyr&atilde;norum">Tyrannorum</expan> &longs;edes quaque circum &longs;patios <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> modico &longs;egregatis omnium &aelig;dificiis &longs;e&longs;e contineat nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t. Hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima et qu&aelig; utrunque deceat atque iuuet erit <lb/>&aelig;dificatio/ &longs;i neque exponetur regia: <expan abbr="pat&etilde;s">patens</expan> adeo/ut in&longs;ole <lb/>&longs;centes nequeat depellere: neque di&longs;tinguetur arx/ ita ut car <lb/>cer magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> lauti principis diuer&longs;orium uideatur. Vnum <lb/>hic nolim pr&aelig;terire. Nam percommodi&longs;&longs;im&aelig; quidem ty <lb/><expan abbr="r&atilde;nis">rannis</expan> &longs;unt occult&aelig; et latentes intra cra&longs;&longs;itudinem parietis <lb/>fi&longs;tul&aelig; au&longs;cultatori&aelig;: quibus furtim captent quid &longs;eu ho&longs;pi <lb/>tes/&longs;eu familiares inter &longs;e colloquantur. Sed quom regi&aelig; 
<pb/>domus proprium &longs;it/omnibus pene ac maxime primariis <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>rebus aliter &longs;e atque arcem habere: officii erit arci regiam <lb/>adiungere: quo et rex &longs;ubitis ca&longs;ibus: arcem ueteres urbi/ <lb/>bus ponere in&longs;tituerunt: quo <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> aduer&longs;is tempe&longs;tatibus refu <lb/>gium haberent. Vbi uirginum matronarumque <expan abbr="pudiciti&atilde;">pudicitiam</expan> <lb/>cum &longs;acrorum &longs;anctitate tutarentur. Meminit quidem Fe <lb/>&longs;tus arcem apud ueteres religioni &longs;acratam fui&longs;&longs;e: et appel <lb/>lari &longs;olitam augurialem: archanumque illic fieri quoddam <lb/>&longs;olitum per uirgines <expan abbr="&longs;acrificium/occult&utilde;/longeque">&longs;acrificium/occultun/longeque</expan> a uulgi <lb/>notitia remoti&longs;&longs;imum. Ea de re pri&longs;corum arcem nullam <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e templis uacuam inuenies. Sed arcem tyramni &longs;ibi u&longs;ur <lb/>pauere: locique pietatem ac religionem ad &longs;celus immani <lb/>tatemque uerterunt: calamit ati&longs;que <expan abbr="&longs;anct&utilde;">&longs;anctum</expan> illud refugium <lb/>erumnarum fomentum reddidere. Nos rem pro&longs;equamur. <lb/>Amoniis arx ad <expan abbr="templ&utilde;">templum</expan> muro circuibatur triplici. Prima <lb/>extabat munitio tyramnorum. Proxima coniuges cum li/ <lb/>beris. Vltima &longs;atellitum crat &longs;edes. Aptum opus ni magi&longs; <lb/>&longs;pectet qui toleret <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qui inferat uim. Ac mihi quidem uti <lb/>eius militis fortitudo non probatur quidem: &longs;i nihilo plus <lb/><expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;tet/&qtilde;">pr&aelig;&longs;tet/quae</expan> ut in&longs;ultantem ho&longs;tem obdurate perferat: &longs;ic et <lb/>ab arcc expectandum puto/ut non modo &longs;u&longs;tinere lace&longs;&longs;en <lb/>tem: uerum et compe&longs;cere impetentes ualeat. Vtrunque ta/ <lb/>men ita curandum/ut <expan abbr="uehem&etilde;ter">uehementer</expan> ip&longs;um ad &longs;olum qu&aelig;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <lb/>uideare. H&aelig;c ut a&longs;&longs;equamur/loci &longs;itus et murorum ratio <lb/>pr&aelig;&longs;tabit. Dubitare uideo peritos rei militaris arcem ne <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> uelit/colle an plano collocet. Collinas qui <lb/>dem non dari ubi uis eiu&longs;modi/ ut ob&longs;edi&longs;&longs;e ct dirui&longs;&longs;e ne <lb/>queas: neque plana &longs;i recte a&longs;truantur/impune attentari ar <lb/>mis. De his non di&longs;puto. Tota nempe res locorum e&longs;t opor <lb/>tunitatibus commendanda/ita ut que de urbe diximus <expan abbr="o&itilde;a">oina</expan> <lb/>ad ponendam <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> con&longs;umentur. Omnino habeat arx opor <lb/>tet expeditas irruptiones: unde in <expan abbr="ho&longs;tes/&itilde;">ho&longs;tes/im</expan> ciues/in &longs;uo&longs;que<lb/>ca&longs;tren&longs;es: &longs;iqua &longs;editio aut perfidia id exigat et &longs;ua et ex/ <lb/>terna po&longs;&longs;it auxilia &longs;ibere petere atque immittere tellure 
<pb/>fluento/lacu/mari. Percommoda erit areis de&longs;criptio qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ibi iunget omnes urbis muros qua&longs;i. o. littera ingentes. <lb/>C. inflexis cornibus pr&aelig;hendant non circumcludant. <lb/>&longs;ic/aut a qua plures radii ueluti ad circumferentiam exe/ <lb/>ant: &longs;ic enim quod oportere nuper dicebamus: neque intra <lb/>urbem erit arx: neque adeo extra urbem. Quod &longs;i quis <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> <lb/><gap/> olet breui&longs;&longs;ime de&longs;cribere forta&longs;&longs;is non errabit/ &longs;i eam di <lb/>xerit/po&longs;ticam e&longs;&longs;e urbis omni ex parte egregie muniti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mam. Sed &longs;it ea quidem uti uolunt operum &longs;upremus uer/ <lb/>tex et urbis nedus: minax: a&longs;pera: rigidaque &longs;it oportet, per <lb/>uicax: inuicta: pu&longs;illa <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ampla crit tutior. Nam hic pauco <lb/>rum fide: illic multorum officio indigebimus. Et quid il <lb/>le apud Euripidem: <expan abbr="nunqu&atilde;">nunquam</expan> fuit multitudo non referta ma <lb/>lis ingeniis: ita i&longs;tic in paucis fides minus incerta erit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in <lb/>multis perfida. Arcis podium ponetur &longs;olidum/ua&longs;tis lapi <lb/>dibus/linea extrin&longs;ecus obliqua: quo &longs;cal&aelig; admot&aelig; curua <lb/>tu debilitentur: et qui applicuerit ho&longs;tis h&aelig;rendo ad murum<lb/>dimi&longs;&longs;os lapides non euitet: et tormentis immi&longs;&longs;a non u<gap/>que<lb/>arietent: &longs;ed ex obliquo di&longs;&longs;iliant. Area intror&longs;us pa&longs;&longs;im la <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imis et cra&longs;&longs;is lapidibus duplici atque etiam triplici &longs;o <lb/>lio dimi&longs;&longs;is in&longs;ternetur nequid cuniculis furtim <expan abbr="ob&longs;id&etilde;tes">ob&longs;identes</expan> <lb/>irreptent: Murus alti&longs;&longs;imus &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imus cra&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;imu&longs;que ad <lb/>&longs;upremas u&longs;que coronas attollatur: qui pulcherrime ma/ <lb/>chinarum uim et mi&longs;&longs;ilia refutet: et &longs;calis aut etiam aggere <lb/>quoad in nos &longs;it minime queat &aelig;quari. C&aelig;tera uti de <expan abbr="urbi&utilde;">urbium</expan> <lb/>muris diximus perficientur. Pr&aelig;cipua quidem ad tuendo&longs; <lb/>urbis et arcis muros <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> hoc erit ratio: ut cures penitus ne ho <lb/>&longs;tis impune propius po&longs;&longs;it appellere. Id fiet cum fo&longs;&longs;a qua <lb/>diximus profundaque lataque: tum et furtariis ut ita loquar <lb/>&longs;ub fi&longs;&longs;uris per ip&longs;um imum podii di&longs;po&longs;itis. Vnde ho&longs;tis <lb/>dum &longs;e &longs;cuto &longs;uperne proteget/qua &longs;it parte <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> tectus <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;">tran&longs;</expan> <lb/>ueberetur. Hoc enim genus <gap/>fen&longs;ionis omnibus ante e&longs;t. <lb/>Tuti<gap/>s enim i&longs;tic <expan abbr="occa&longs;ion&etilde;">occa&longs;ionem</expan> conficiendi ho&longs;tis captant/bre <lb/>uiore finiunt linea/raro petunt ho&longs;tem fru&longs;tra: cui <expan abbr="tot&utilde;">totum</expan> cor 
<pb/>pus operire difficile e&longs;t: unumque obuium ho&longs;tem &longs;i pr&aelig;te <lb/>rit <expan abbr="t&aelig;l&utilde;">t&aelig;lum</expan>: petet proximum/aut interdum <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> et item alterum<lb/>et alterum: Superne <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> immi&longs;&longs;a non &longs;ine periculo de&longs;tinan <lb/>tur. Vix unum tantum <expan abbr="pet&utilde;t">petunt</expan>: qui et pr&aelig;uidi&longs;&longs;e et leui mo <lb/>mento declina&longs;&longs;e/ et breui &longs;cuto refuta&longs;&longs;e immi&longs;&longs;a queat. <lb/>Si erit arx maritima circum uada <expan abbr="impedi&etilde;tur">impedientur</expan> palis/&longs;axis/ <lb/>ne nouum machinamenta propius po&longs;&longs;int appellere. Si erit <lb/>plano: fo&longs;&longs;a aquaria circundabitur: &longs;ed ea ne quid putidi <lb/>aeris afferat u&longs;que fodietur/ quo &longs;caturiat uiuam aquam. Si <lb/>erit monte/pr&aelig;cipitiis uallabitur: ubi licebit hi&longs;ce omni/ <lb/>bus utemur. Quibus uero ex locis tormentorum mi&longs;&longs;ilia po&longs; <lb/>&longs;int impetere: cycli aut potius anguli murorum ueluti pro <lb/>r&aelig; in acutum obiicientur. Non me fugit quod periti aliqui mi <lb/>litia a&longs;&longs;erunt: contra mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetum muros pr&aelig;altos <lb/>fore non utiles. <expan abbr="Hor&utilde;">Horum</expan> enim ruina equatis fo&longs;&longs;is expediti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mum pr&aelig;beri ho&longs;tibus irruentibus <expan abbr="adit&utilde;">aditum</expan>. Hoc non eueniet <lb/>&longs;i qu&aelig; &longs;upra diximus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruab&utilde;tur">ob&longs;eruabuntur</expan>. Redeo ad rem. Ad ar <lb/>cem turris una primaria excitabitur/ multa &longs;ui parte &longs;oli/ <lb/>da: toto opere robu&longs;ta: undique munita: c&aelig;teris cel&longs;ior: ae <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;u ardua: ingre&longs;&longs;u non ni&longs;i ponte mobili. Mobilium <expan abbr="p&otilde;">pom</expan> <lb/>tium duo <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> genera. Alterum quo inuer&longs;o clauditur egre&longs; <lb/>&longs;us. Alterum quo porrecto atque retracto utimur: ubi acres la <lb/>/&longs;ciui&utilde;t uenti. Po&longs;terior <expan abbr="c&otilde;modior">commodior</expan> e&longs;t. Turres qu&aelig; <expan abbr="circ&utilde;pe">circumpe</expan> <lb/>tere hanc mi&longs;&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="po&longs;&longs;&utilde;t">po&longs;&longs;unt</expan> parte huic uer&longs;a nud&aelig; habebun <lb/>tur: aut muro tect&aelig; relinquentur gracili. Excubiarum &longs;ta <lb/>tiones et propugnatorum fori <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;tur">di&longs;tribuentur</expan>: ut alii in&longs;imas <lb/>arcis ptes: alii &longs;upremas: alii alias <expan abbr="di&longs;t&itilde;ctis">di&longs;tinctis</expan> muneribus &longs;edi <lb/>bu&longs;que curent: demum aditus et egre&longs;&longs;us et omnis partitio <lb/>&longs;ic habebitur et parata et munita: ut neque amicorum perfi <lb/>dia/neque inimicorum uis frau&longs; ue po&longs;&longs;it ledere. Areis te/ <lb/>cta ne tormentorum ponderibus <expan abbr="obru&atilde;tur/ad">obruantur/ad</expan> acutum angu <lb/>lum <expan abbr="fini&etilde;tur">finientur</expan> aut ualido opere et &longs;pi&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis trabibus obfir <lb/>mabuntur: po&longs;t imponetur cru&longs;ta/ et in eam pr&aelig;terea tubu <lb/>li: per quorum uacua exceptus imber pfluat / nullo calcis 
<pb/>aut limi fultu illiti <expan abbr="in&longs;ternen&ttilde;">in&longs;ternentur</expan>. Po&longs;tremo te&longs;taceis <expan abbr="fragm&etilde;">fragmen</expan> <lb/>tis uel potius pumice &longs;uperin&longs;par&longs;is <expan abbr="operi&etilde;tur">operientur</expan> binum ad cu <lb/>bitum cra&longs;&longs;itudine. Sic neque <expan abbr="ruenti&utilde;">ruentium</expan> ponderum in &longs;e / neque<lb/>ignium iniuriam uerebuntur. Summatim quidem erit arx <lb/>perficienda: uti &longs;i pu&longs;illam quandam urbem co&aelig;difices: pa <lb/>ri igitur atque urbs ip&longs;a munietur opere et arte: c&aelig;teraque co <lb/>aptabuntur qu&aelig; u&longs;ui &longs;int. <expan abbr="N&otilde;">non</expan> deerit aqua &longs;uppeditabit ubi <lb/>militem arma/ frumenta/pernam / acetum / et <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis li <lb/>gna colloces/atque a&longs;&longs;erues: et <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> arce ip&longs;a turris i&longs;t&aelig;c prima <lb/>tia quam dicimus/ueluti minutior qu&aelig;dam aderit arx: cui <lb/>pror&longs;us de&longs;it nihil eorum qu&aelig; arcibus de&longs;iderentur. Habebit <lb/>ci&longs;ternam/et loculos rerum quibus &longs;e&longs;e abunde alat et <expan abbr="tuea&ttilde;">tueatur</expan>. <lb/>Habebit aditus: unde in &longs;uos etiam inuitos irrumpat: et un <lb/>de petita &longs;ub&longs;idia immittat. Illud hic non pr&aelig;tereo cunicu <lb/>lis aquariis arces interdum defen&longs;as: interdum urbes cloa/ <lb/>cis captas fui&longs;&longs;e. Horum utrunque iuuat nuntiis <expan abbr="emitt&etilde;dis">emittendis</expan>. At <lb/>cura&longs;&longs;e oportet/ ut i&longs;tiu&longs;modi res multo minus ledere po&longs; <lb/>&longs;int <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> iuuare. Fient igitur apti&longs;&longs;imi: ducentur tortuo&longs;i: ex <lb/>cipientur profundo: ut neque armatus peruadere: neque iner/ <lb/>mis in arcem euadere/ni&longs;i uocatus admi&longs;&longs;u&longs;que &longs;it potis. Fi <lb/>nient belli&longs;&longs;ime cloaca/aut potius de&longs;erta et ignota in are/ <lb/>naria/ aut &longs;ecretis templorum fani&longs;cis ac bu&longs;tuariis. Tum &longs;i <lb/>humanos ca&longs;us nequicquam neglexi&longs;&longs;e oportet nimirum iu/ <lb/>uabit notos &longs;ibibabere ingre&longs;&longs;us intimam in arcem quibus <lb/>&longs;i <expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> euenit ut excludatur/po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="att&etilde;perare">attemperare</expan> irrumpere <lb/>cum armatis: et forta&longs;&longs;is conferet ad hanc rem/partem ha/ <lb/>here aliquam murorum abditi&longs;&longs;imam: qu&aelig; <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ex calce &longs;ed <lb/>creta ob&longs;tructa &longs;it. Vnius tantum gratia qui c&aelig;teris pr&aelig;&longs;it <lb/>&longs;eu &longs;it ille quidem rex &longs;eu <expan abbr="tyr&atilde;nus">tyrannus</expan> quid feci&longs;&longs;e oporteat di <lb/>ximus. Sequitur ut ea tran&longs;igamus/qu&aelig; hi <expan abbr="requir&atilde;t/quod">requirant/quod</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>unici tantum pre&longs;unt: &longs;ed &longs;imul plures <expan abbr="gubern&etilde;t">gubernent</expan> rem. His <lb/>aut tota. r. p. qua&longs;i unus magi&longs;tratus integra <expan abbr="c&otilde;mittetur">committetur</expan><gap/><lb/>aut partibus di&longs;tribuetur. Con&longs;tat. r. p. &longs;acris quibus &longs;upe <lb/>ros colimus/his <expan abbr="p&otilde;tifices">pontifices</expan> pre&longs;unt: et prophanis quibus ho 
<pb/>minum &longs;ocietas et &longs;alus contineatur. His domi &longs;enator iu <lb/>dex: foris <expan abbr="ca&longs;tror&utilde;">ca&longs;trorum</expan> dux et cla&longs;&longs;is pr&aelig;fectus et huiu&longs;modi. <lb/>Cui uis i&longs;torum duo <expan abbr="deb&etilde;tur">debentur</expan> genera domicilii: alterum quod <lb/>ad &longs;uum pertineat officium: alterum quo &longs;e familiamque <lb/>&longs;uam recipiat. Larem quidem familiarem habebit qui&longs;que <lb/>&longs;imilem huic: cui &longs;e&longs;e pro uit&aelig; in&longs;tituto e&longs;&longs;e uelit &longs;imilem <lb/>aut regi aut <expan abbr="tyr&atilde;no">tyranno</expan> aut demum priuato. Sunt tamen aliqua <lb/>qu&aelig; huic <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> generi apprime <expan abbr="debe&atilde;tur">debeantur</expan>. Pr&aelig;clare Vir <lb/>gilius. Secreta inquit erat patris anchi&longs;&aelig; domus: arbori/ <lb/>bu&longs;que obtecta rece&longs;&longs;erat. Intellexit quidem <expan abbr="primat&utilde;">primatum</expan> &aelig;des <lb/>et &longs;ua et famili&aelig; gratia a uulgi ignobilitate et fabrorum tu <lb/>multu <expan abbr="l&otilde;ge">longe</expan> abe&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;uenire">conuenire</expan>. <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> c&aelig;teras ob res ob delitias <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>moditate&longs;que <expan abbr="&longs;patior&utilde;/hortorum/amenitat&utilde;">&longs;patiorun/hortorum/amenitatum</expan>: tum ne tan/ <lb/>ta in familia/tam multiplici/tam uaria/la&longs;ciuiens iuuen/ <lb/>tu&longs; <expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> omnium ferme nemo uiuat &longs;ibi et cibo: potuque alie <lb/>no plerunque in&longs;aniat: maritorum querimonias <expan abbr="excitet/t&utilde;">excitet/tum</expan> <lb/>etiam nequid improba <expan abbr="&longs;alut&atilde;tium">&longs;alutantium</expan> ambitio plus &longs;atis patro <lb/>nos inquietet. Et prudenti&longs;&longs;imos uideo principes non mo <lb/>do extra uulgi frequentiam/uerum et ab urbe &longs;ece&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: ne <lb/>quis plebeius ni&longs;i magna impul&longs;us re mole&longs;tiore a&longs;&longs;iduira <lb/>te infe&longs;tet. Aut quid tanti erunt i&longs;torum opes: &longs;i non licue <lb/>rit interdum ociari et pigre&longs;cere. I&longs;torum quidem domus <lb/><expan abbr="quale&longs;c&utilde;que">quale&longs;cunque</expan> &longs;int habere admodum oportet &longs;alutatorum <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>ceptacula capacia: et egre&longs;&longs;um et uiam/qua prodeat <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="for&utilde;">forum</expan> <lb/>minime angu&longs;tam: ne qui &longs;ectantur familiares clientuli et <lb/>cohortales/et qui &longs;e congerunt/ut togatulorum numerum <lb/>augeant/inter &longs;tudia comitandi pre&longs;&longs;uris turbentur. Qu&aelig; <lb/>autem &longs;int &longs;e&longs;e hi proceres pro &longs;u&longs;cepto munere <expan abbr="exerce&atilde;t">exerceant</expan>: <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="pr&otilde;ptu">promptu</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> &longs;enatus curia iudex ba&longs;ilica pr&aelig;torio ue/dux ca/ <lb/>&longs;tris cla&longs;&longs;eque et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;m&otilde;i">eiu&longs;moni</expan>. Quid <expan abbr="p&otilde;tifex">pontifex</expan>? huic <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> non <expan abbr="t&etilde;pl&utilde;">templum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ol&utilde;/uer&utilde;">&longs;olun/uerum</expan> et qu&aelig; illi <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> <expan abbr="ca&longs;tror&utilde;">ca&longs;trorum</expan> in&longs;tar apprime <expan abbr="c&otilde;ueni&utilde;t">conueniunt</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> <expan abbr="militi&atilde;">militiam</expan> et <expan abbr="p&otilde;tifex/et">pontifex/et</expan> qui &longs;ub <expan abbr="p&otilde;tifice">pontifice</expan> &longs;acris admini <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tr&atilde;dis">&longs;trandis</expan> additi <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>: <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> et <expan abbr="laborio&longs;&atilde;">laborio&longs;am</expan> <expan abbr="ag&utilde;t">agunt</expan>: <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> eo libro q <lb/><expan abbr="p&otilde;tifex">pontifex</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;eribi&ttilde;">in&longs;eribitur</expan> <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan>: uirtutis aduer&longs;us uitia. <expan abbr="T&etilde;pl&utilde;">Templum</expan> 
<pb/>aliud <expan abbr="maxim&utilde;">maximum</expan>: quo <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mus">&longs;ummus</expan> <expan abbr="&atilde;ti&longs;tes">anti&longs;tes</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ol&etilde;ni">&longs;olenni</expan> ritu &longs;tatas cerimo <lb/>nias et &longs;acium faciat. Aliud cui minores <expan abbr="p&otilde;tifices">pontifices</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;int: <lb/>quo <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> numero p <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <expan abbr="regi&otilde;es">regiones</expan> &longs;acella/ et <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> agro delubra <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>. <lb/><expan abbr="Templ&utilde;">Templum</expan> ma <expan abbr="im&utilde;">imum</expan> media in urbe &longs;orta&longs;&longs;is comodius: &longs;edu/ <lb/>ctum <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> a conferta ciuium multitudine et <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;tia">frequentia</expan> hone <lb/>&longs;tius: colle dignius: plano &longs;tabilius collocabitur ob terre <lb/>motus. <expan abbr="Dem&utilde;">Demum</expan> eo ponendum erit loco <expan abbr="templ&utilde;">templum</expan>: quo &longs;it <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;ma">&longs;umma</expan> <lb/>futurum <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> ueneratione et maie&longs;tate. Inde adeo <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> longe a <lb/>con&longs;pectu <expan abbr="abig&etilde;d&aelig;">abigend&aelig;</expan> &longs;unt penitus rerum <expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> &longs;erdes/impurita <lb/><expan abbr="tes/&itilde;dec&etilde;tia">tes/indecentia</expan> que: quibus patres/ matron&aelig;/uirgines &longs;upplica <lb/><expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> accedentes aut <expan abbr="offend&atilde;tur">offendantur</expan>: aut a &longs;anctimoni&aelig; <expan abbr="obe&utilde;d&aelig;">obeund&aelig;</expan> in <lb/>&longs;tituto preuertantur. Apud <expan abbr="Nigrigene&utilde;">Nigrigeneum</expan> <expan abbr="architect&utilde;">architectum</expan> q de li <lb/>mitibus &longs;crip&longs;it/&longs;ic <expan abbr="&itilde;uenio">inuenio</expan>: pri&longs;cos architectos puta&longs;&longs;e deo <lb/>rum tecta recte haberi qu&aelig; <expan abbr="fr&otilde;tibus">frontibus</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> occidentem <expan abbr="uerger&etilde;t">uergerent</expan>: <lb/>&longs;ed placui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;terioribus <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">oemm</expan> <expan abbr="e&atilde;">eam</expan> <expan abbr="religion&etilde;">religionem</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;uertere">conuertere</expan>: et <lb/>qua coeli pte <expan abbr="prim&utilde;">primum</expan> terra <expan abbr="illumine&ttilde;">illuminetur</expan>: eo uer&longs;us templa et li <lb/>mites <expan abbr="obiici&etilde;dos">obiiciendos</expan> puta&longs;&longs;e: ut &longs;tatim <expan abbr="&longs;urgent&etilde;">&longs;urgentem</expan> ex aurora <expan abbr="&longs;ol&etilde;">&longs;olem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;picar&etilde;&ttilde;">con&longs;picarentur</expan>. Illud <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> in delubris &longs;acelli&longs;que ueteres proba&longs;/ <lb/>&longs;e uideo: ut eorum <expan abbr="fr&otilde;tes">frontes</expan> <expan abbr="prode&utilde;tibus">prodeuntibus</expan> aut ex mari/aut ex flu <lb/>uio/aut ex uia militari <expan abbr="porrigan&ttilde;">porrigantur</expan>. Po&longs;tremo tale <expan abbr="ip&longs;&utilde;">ip&longs;um</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: atque ita <expan abbr="om&itilde;">omim</expan> ex pte <expan abbr="c&otilde;parat&utilde;">comparatum</expan>: ut <expan abbr="ab&longs;&etilde;tes">ab&longs;entes</expan> ad &longs;e <expan abbr="ui&longs;&etilde;">ui&longs;em</expan> <lb/>dum illectet/pr&aelig;&longs;entes delectet/atque detineat operis admi <lb/>ratione et raritate. <expan abbr="Te&longs;tudinat&utilde;">Te&longs;tudinatum</expan> ab incendio erit tutius: <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tignatum ab terremotibns ille&longs;ius. &longs;ed contra <expan abbr="uetu&longs;tat&etilde;">uetu&longs;tatem</expan> hoc <lb/>iobu&longs;tius: ad <expan abbr="grati&atilde;">gratiam</expan> <expan abbr="alter&utilde;">alterum</expan> hoc uenu&longs;tius. De <expan abbr="t&etilde;plis">templis</expan> hacte/ <lb/>nus. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> pmulta qu&aelig; <expan abbr="dic&etilde;da">dicenda</expan> <expan abbr="uideb&atilde;tur">uidebantur</expan> ad <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;ta">ornamenta</expan> magis <lb/>q ad <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="templor&utilde;">templorum</expan> <expan abbr="ptin&etilde;t">ptinent</expan>: de quibus alibi <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;igemus">tran&longs;igemus</expan>. Mi <lb/>nora <expan abbr="t&etilde;pla">templa</expan> et &longs;acella pro loci dignitate et u&longs;u maximi <expan abbr="t&etilde;pli">templi</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="r&otilde;nes">ronnes</expan> <expan abbr="imitabun&ttilde;">imitabuntur</expan>. <expan abbr="P&otilde;tificis">Pontificis</expan> ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> clau&longs;tra qbus aut <lb/>pietatis aut uirtutis gratia plurimi conuenere: quales &longs;unt <lb/>q &longs;e &longs;acris addixere: et q <expan abbr="uirginitat&etilde;">uirginitatem</expan> &longs;upis uouere. Sunt et <lb/>ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="p&otilde;tificia">pontificia</expan>: quibus &longs;tudio&longs;orum ingenia <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> rerum <expan abbr="humanar&utilde;">humanarum</expan> <lb/>diuinarum que cognitione <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;equ&etilde;da">a&longs;&longs;equenda</expan> <expan abbr="uer&longs;&atilde;tur">uer&longs;antur</expan>. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> &longs;i pontificis <lb/><expan abbr="offici&utilde;">officium</expan> e&longs;t cetus <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> ad <expan abbr="uit&atilde;">uitam</expan> <expan abbr="o&itilde;">oim</expan> ex pte <expan abbr="pfect&atilde;">pfectam</expan>: quoad in 
<pb/>&longs;e &longs;it perducere. Id <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> re alia fiet pulchrius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> philo&longs;ophia. <lb/>Quom enim <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> hominum natura duo &longs;int/qu&aelig; nobis id pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;tare po&longs;&longs;int: uirtus. &longs;. et ueritas: <expan abbr="Qu&atilde;do">Quando</expan> fiet <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ut h&aelig;c <lb/>perturbationes animi &longs;edet atque excludat. Illa uero natur&aelig; <lb/>opus atque rationes explicet: nobi&longs;que communicet: ex qbus <lb/>rebus ingenium ab ignorantia: mens a corporis contagione <lb/>purgetur. Per hanc nimirum inimus uitam <expan abbr="beati&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">beati&longs;&longs;imam</expan> pro <lb/>pe ut &longs;imus diis redditi p&longs;imiles. Adde quod bonorum e&longs;t <lb/>quales et e&longs;&longs;e et haberi pontifices uolunt/ea meditari: &longs;tu/ <lb/>dere: pro&longs;equi qu&aelig; hominum generi ab homine deberi intel <lb/>ligant: egrotos/imbelles/de&longs;titutos: et eiu&longs;modi officio/ <lb/>beneficio/mi&longs;ericordia/leuando: iuuando. In his enim &longs;e&longs;e <lb/>&longs;uo&longs;que exerceat pontifex officii e&longs;t. De his nobis &longs;eu ad ma <lb/><gap/>ores pontifices &longs;eu potius ad minores pertineat dicendum <lb/>uidetur. Atqui a clau&longs;tris <expan abbr="&itilde;cipiemus">incipiemus</expan>. Clau&longs;trorum genera <lb/>alia conclu&longs;orum/ ita ut nu&longs;quam <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="public&utilde;">publicum</expan> prodeant/pr&aelig; <lb/><expan abbr="ter&qtilde;">terquae</expan> forta&longs;&longs;is in templo/et lu&longs;trationum pompa. Alia non <lb/>u&longs;que conclu&longs;a/ita ut perpetuis <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> arceantur. Horum<lb/>item alio mares/alio femin&aelig; continentur. Virginum clau <lb/>&longs;tra neque intra urbem &longs;i po&longs;ita &longs;int uitupero: neque omnino <lb/>extra urbem laudo. Illic &longs;ane &longs;olitudo minus pr&aelig;bebit <expan abbr="&itilde;fe">infe</expan> <lb/>&longs;tatorum: &longs;ed qui &longs;e inge&longs;&longs;erint/plus habebunt ocii et <expan abbr="lic&etilde;">licem</expan> <lb/>ti&aelig; ad facinus/ubi nulli a&longs;&longs;i&longs;taret arbitri <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> hic <expan abbr="&itilde;ter">inter</expan> multos <lb/>&longs;celeris &longs;pectatores atque dehortatores. In utri&longs;que <expan abbr="prouid&etilde;d&utilde;">prouidendum</expan> <lb/>quidem e&longs;t: ne uelint de ca&longs;titate mereri male: &longs;ed <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis <lb/>ne po&longs;&longs;int. Qua de re ita pr&aelig;cludendi aditus omnes <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>: ut <lb/>nemini pateant: ob&longs;eruandi/ut <expan abbr="circ&utilde;uolitare">circunuolitare</expan> <expan abbr="att&etilde;tator">attentator</expan> po&longs; <lb/>&longs;it nemo &longs;ine pr&aelig;&longs;entis ignomini&aelig; &longs;u&longs;pitione. Neque tam <lb/>munita e&longs;&longs;e legionum ca&longs;tra uallo fo&longs;&longs;aque oportet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tarum<lb/>&longs;epta &longs;unt muris obuallanda/altis/integris/nullis u&longs;piam <lb/>aptionibus relictis: qbus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> dico ca&longs;timon<gap/>&aelig; expugnatore&longs; <lb/>&longs;ed ne oculorum aut uerborum <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> faces et ueneres ad <expan abbr="a&itilde;os">ainos</expan> la <lb/><expan abbr="befact&atilde;dos">befactandos</expan> po&longs;&longs;int <expan abbr="&itilde;mitti">immitti</expan>. Lumina intror&longs;us p <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> &longs;ubdiua <lb/><expan abbr="l&etilde;">lem</expan> <expan abbr="excipi&etilde;t">excipient</expan>. <expan abbr="Circ&utilde;">Circum</expan> <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> <expan abbr="porticus/&atilde;bulatio">porticus/ambulatio</expan> <expan abbr="cell&aelig;/cenacul&utilde;/">cell&aelig;/cenaculun/</expan> 
<pb/>conclaue/et qu&aelig; u&longs;ui <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> ex priuatorum &aelig;dium rationibu&longs; <lb/>aptis locis di&longs;ponentur. Neque dee&longs;&longs;e uelim ortuli &longs;patia/ <lb/>et pratuli: que ad recreandos animos magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad fouendas <lb/>uoluptates ualeant: qu&aelig; quom ita &longs;int/ <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="inc&otilde;&longs;ulte">incon&longs;ulte</expan> ex me <lb/>dia incolarum frequentia &longs;um mouebuntur. Vtrorum &longs;ep/ <lb/>ta &longs;i ex urbe conce&longs;&longs;erint conferet id quidem. Nam eorum <lb/>ad&longs;eripta &longs;anctimoni&aelig; a&longs;&longs;iduitas /et animi pacata religio: <lb/>cui &longs;e&longs;e totos dedicarunt/minus uexabitur &longs;alutatorum fre <lb/><expan abbr="qu&etilde;tia">quentia</expan>. Sed i&longs;torum tecta &longs;eu mares &longs;eu femin&aelig; &longs;int uelim <lb/>occupent loca <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri po&longs;&longs;it &longs;aluberrima/nec clau&longs;tro in <lb/>clu&longs;i/dum &longs;olum uacant animo: corpore autem multa ma <lb/>credine/et uigiliis affecti <expan abbr="torp&etilde;t">torpent</expan>: <expan abbr="uit&atilde;">uitam</expan> durius trahant egro <lb/>tationibus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;it par. His <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> quos urbs exclu&longs;it <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis <lb/>locum dari uelim natura munitum: quem repentina latro/ <lb/>num uis/aut excurrens ho&longs;tis leui manu ad arbitrium ne/ <lb/>queat populari: eaque de re uallo/muro/turrique pulchre <lb/>munietur: quod loci religio patietur. Eorum uero conclu <lb/>&longs;orum &longs;edes qui &longs;tudia bonarum artium cum religione <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="iunxer&itilde;t/quo">iunxerint/quo</expan> illi quidem pro &longs;u&longs;cepto officio commodius <lb/>queant hominum rebus con&longs;ulere/ non omnino medios in <lb/>ter artificum tumultus ac &longs;trepitum/ &longs;ed'ne <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> ab ciuium <lb/>frequentia &longs;eductos longe e&longs;&longs;e oportet: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cum alias <lb/>ob res tum quod &longs;unt eorum farnili&aelig; grandes: tum etiam quod mul <lb/>ti ad &longs;e concionantes di&longs;&longs;erente&longs;que de rebus &longs;acris conflu <lb/>ant: Quibus rebus proculdubio tecto indigent immodico. <lb/>Recte <expan abbr="locab&utilde;tur">locabuntur</expan> apud diuer&longs;oria publicorum operum thea <lb/>tri/circi/ plate&aelig;/ quo multitudo &longs;ponte &longs;ua &longs;e&longs;e animi g<gap/>a <lb/>tia perlubenter <expan abbr="c&otilde;ferens">conferens</expan> facilius patiatur i&longs;torum per&longs;ua&longs;io <lb/>ne/hortatione/admonitione a uitiis ad uirtutem: ab impe <lb/>ritia ad rerum optimarum cognitionem euocari. Apud <lb/>ueteres pre&longs;ertim gr&aelig;cos a&longs;&longs;ueuere urbe in media ponere <lb/>&aelig;dificia: quas pale&longs;tras appellarunt: ubi populantes di&longs;pu <lb/>tando uer&longs;arentur. Illic quidem inerant &longs;patia fene&longs;trata et <lb/>apertionum pro&longs;pectus: et <expan abbr="&longs;ed&etilde;di">&longs;edendi</expan> ordines: amorem et hone 
<pb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi aderant et porticus: <expan abbr="uirent&etilde;">uirentem</expan> h&aelig;rbis <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> et floribus <lb/>ue&longs;titarn circuente&longs; huiu&longs;mo li opera <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> belle condicunt <lb/>huic religio&longs;orum generi: ac uelim quidem ut qui &longs;tudiis <lb/>bonis delectentur a&longs;&longs;idui apud artium profe&longs;&longs;ores commo <lb/>rentur/&longs;umma uoluptate/nullo cum fa&longs;tidio <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;&etilde;tium">pr&aelig;&longs;entium</expan> re <lb/>rum aut &longs;atictate ea de re. ita i&longs;tic parabo et <expan abbr="portic&utilde;">porticum</expan> et <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> <lb/>et ciu&longs;modi: ut nihil amplius ad diuer&longs;andi <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> optes. Le <lb/>nes excipient &longs;oles hieme: a &longs;tate uero umbram auram que <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri queat grati&longs;&longs;imam. Sed de his &aelig;dificationum de <lb/>litiis &longs;uo di&longs;tinctius loco pro&longs;equemur. Quod &longs;i iuuat pu <lb/>blica &longs;tatuere auditoria et &longs;cholas/ubi &longs;apientes doctore&longs;que<lb/>conuenias: ea ponito loco/ut &longs;int incolis <expan abbr="o&itilde;bus">oimbus</expan> &aelig;que opor/ <lb/>tuna. Ce&longs;&longs;ent fabrorum &longs;trepitus: ab&longs;int nidores: fetores: <lb/>non admittat ocio&longs;orum la&longs;ciuias: &longs;apiat &longs;olitudinem g<gap/>a <lb/>uibus et circa res maximas et rari&longs;&longs;imas occupat is condi/ <lb/>gnam: habeatque auctoritatis in &longs;e magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uenu&longs;tatis. C&aelig; <lb/>terum quo pi<gap/>atem aduer&longs;us imbecilles et de&longs;titutos exer <lb/>ceat poatifex: locus erit et uarius et &longs;umma diligentia con <lb/>&longs;tituen lus. Nam alibi de&longs;titutos/alibi <expan abbr="egrot&atilde;tes">egrotantes</expan> &longs;u&longs;cipias <lb/>et foueas nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: tum et inter egrotantes &longs;unt/quos ea <lb/>ui&longs;&longs;e oportet: ne dum paucis et inutilibus pro&longs;picias: plu/ <lb/>ribus et utilibus <expan abbr="pericul&utilde;">periculum</expan> afferas. Fuere in italia principe&longs; <lb/>qui &longs;uis <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> urbibus uetuerint genus illud hominum ue&longs;te ae <lb/>membris laceros/quos errones appellant/ precabundos ho <lb/>&longs;tiatim petere. Illico enim ubi appulerant/monebantur ne <lb/>quid plus triduo &longs;e&longs;e in urbe uideri &longs;inerent inertes: <expan abbr="null&utilde;">nullum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e tam comminutum quin aliqua <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> re hominum cetui &longs;ua <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it opera prode&longs;&longs;e: q<gap/> cecifunariis <expan abbr="&longs;alt&etilde;">&longs;altem</expan> <expan abbr="iuu&atilde;dis">iuuandis</expan> <expan abbr="pro&longs;&utilde;t">pro&longs;unt</expan>. <lb/>Quos uero grauior aliquis morbus <expan abbr="o&itilde;o">oino</expan> oppre&longs;&longs;erat: hos <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>uenarum <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&utilde;">ho&longs;pitum</expan> magi&longs;tratus apud minores <expan abbr="p&otilde;tifices">pontifices</expan> legioni <lb/>bus <expan abbr="di&longs;tribueb&atilde;t">di&longs;tribuebant</expan>. Itaque illi neque pii&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="c&otilde;uicinorum">conuicinorum</expan> opem <lb/>fru&longs;tra <expan abbr="po&longs;ceb&atilde;t">po&longs;cebant</expan>: nec ciuitas ea fedi&longs;&longs;imorum ob&longs;cenitate <expan abbr="off&etilde;">offem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="deba&ttilde;">debatur</expan>. Apud <expan abbr="etrichi&atilde;">etrichiam</expan> pro uetere illo &longs;anctitatis et ueri&longs;&longs;ime <lb/>religionis cultu quo &longs;emp claruit mirifica <expan abbr="ui&longs;&utilde;&ttilde;">ui&longs;untur</expan> ho&longs;pitaria 
<pb/>incredibili habita impen&longs;a: ubi ciuium peregrinorum ue <lb/>quiuis nullam que ad &longs;alutem pertineat rem/ &longs;ibi <expan abbr="defutur&atilde;">defuturam</expan> <lb/>&longs;entiat. Sed quom &longs;int egroti alii morbidi: qui lepra pe&longs;te <lb/>et huiu&longs;modi contagionum <gap/>nenis beneualentes <expan abbr="infici&atilde;t">inficiant</expan>: <lb/>alii uero ut ita loquar &longs;anabiles &longs;int/ di&longs;tincta hos habere <lb/>uelim diuer&longs;oria. Veteres Ae&longs;culapio Apollini/ &longs;alutique<lb/>diis: quorum artibus et minime genus hominum <expan abbr="bon&atilde;">bonam</expan> ua/ <lb/><expan abbr="litudin&etilde;">litudinem</expan> recuperare atque &longs;eruari arbitrabantur &aelig;des loco <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>ni&longs;i &longs;aluberrimo a&longs;truebant: ubi &longs;incer&aelig; aur&aelig; et purgati&longs;&longs;i <lb/>m&aelig; aqu&aelig; &longs;uppeditarent: quo illic delati egretantes <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ope <lb/>deum tantum/uerum etiam locorum heneficio prompt<gap/>s <lb/>conuale&longs;cerent. Et nimirum &longs;aluberrima <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis loca e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>optabimus: ubi aut publice aut priuatim egrotos habeas: <lb/>Siccea forta&longs;&longs;is eam ad rem atque &longs;axo&longs;a et uentis a&longs;&longs;iduo <lb/>ab&longs;ter&longs;a: et &longs;olibus non u&longs;ta: &longs;ed facili <expan abbr="t&etilde;pore">tempore</expan> illu&longs;trara pro <lb/>labuntur: quando humida putredinum fomenta &longs;unt. Sed <lb/>palam e&longs;t naturam in re omni gaudere <expan abbr="temperam&etilde;to">temperamento</expan>: quin <lb/>et &longs;anitas ip&longs;a haud aliud e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> complexi ex quibus <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;tet">cen&longs;tet</expan> <lb/>temperamentum: et mediocria &longs;emper delectant. In c&aelig;te/ <lb/>ris contagio&longs;i non urbe modo/uerumetiam ab uia publica <lb/>longe <expan abbr="exclud&etilde;tur">excludentur</expan>: reliqui urbe <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruab&utilde;tur">a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur</expan>: i&longs;torum <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> <lb/>tecta partiantur et di&longs;tribuantur &longs;ic/ut alibi &longs;e recipiant q <lb/>curantur: alibi quos incurandos magis &longs;u&longs;ceperis: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;eruan <lb/>des: quoad &longs;ic &longs;e&longs;e &longs;ua tulerint fata: uti <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> decrepiti et cap <lb/>ti mente. Adde quod alibi feminas/alibi mares/&longs;iue egrotent <lb/>&longs;iue i&longs;tos curent/&longs;eparatim habendi <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan>. Adde etiam quod ue <lb/>luti in famulis &longs;ic et in his: aliorum alias &longs;ecretiores/alias <lb/>communiores e&longs;&longs;e diuer&longs;orii partes conuenit: prout ip&longs;a cu <lb/>randi et cobabitandi ratio modu&longs;que mon&longs;trabit: de quibus <lb/>no&longs;trum non e&longs;t prolixius pro&longs;equi. Tantum hoc faciat ad <lb/>rem fore i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia &longs;uis totis partibus ex <expan abbr="priuator&utilde;">priuatorum</expan> <lb/>u&longs;ibus diffinienda. De his hactenus. Nunc quod reliquum <lb/>e&longs;t pro&longs;equamur ordine uti <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;titueramus">in&longs;titueramus</expan>. Nam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ptes. r. p. duas diximus: <expan abbr="alter&atilde;">alteram</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;acr&atilde;">&longs;acram</expan>: <expan abbr="alter&atilde;">alteram</expan> <expan abbr="prophan&atilde;">prophanam</expan>. Sacra 
<pb/>ab&longs;oluta e&longs;t tum et prophana aliqua ex parte ptacta: ubi de <lb/>&longs;enatu et iudicio in &aelig;dibus principis <expan abbr="hab&etilde;do">habendo</expan> di&longs;&longs;eruimus: <lb/>illis qu&aelig; <expan abbr="add&etilde;da">addenda</expan> &longs;unt hic breui&longs;&longs;ime annumerabimus: mox <lb/>ad imperatoria ca&longs;tra et cla&longs;&longs;em deueniemus: po&longs;tremo pri <lb/>uata expedientur. Senatum ueteres templis cogere a&longs;&longs;ueue <lb/>re. Po&longs;tea increbuit mos ut extra urbem haberetur. <expan abbr="Dem&utilde;">Demum</expan> <lb/>quod ad maie&longs;tatem atque ad res agendas pr&aelig;&longs;tabat/propria <lb/>huic habere muneri tecta uoluere. Quibus fe&longs;&longs;i &aelig;tate pa/ <lb/>tres/neque uit&aelig; prolixitate deterrerentur: neque loci <expan abbr="inc&otilde;">incom</expan> <lb/>moditate prohiberentur: quominus et conuenirent frequen <lb/>tes: et una diutius ade&longs;&longs;ent: media iccirco in urbe <expan abbr="curi&atilde;">curiam</expan> &longs;e <lb/>natoriam locauere: eique iudiciariam/ et templum proxime <lb/>adiungendum putarunt: non ea re tantum ut ambitionibus <lb/>detenti/et cau&longs;is foren&longs;ibus occupati commodiu&longs; non inter <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;o aut &longs;tudio aut officio utri&longs;que &longs;ati&longs;&longs;acerent: uerum <lb/>etiam ut patres ip&longs;i uti &longs;unt ferme omnes natu maiore&longs; ad/ <lb/>modumreligioni dediti/&longs;alutatis diis non intermi&longs;&longs;a ope/ <lb/>ra a templo ad negocium &longs;e po&longs;&longs;int tran&longs;&longs;erre oportune. <lb/>Adde quod &longs;i <expan abbr="qu&atilde;do">quando</expan> aut legatos aut principes exterarum gen <lb/>tium &longs;ibi dari copiam &longs;enatus petierint ex. r. p. e&longs;t <expan abbr="loc&utilde;">locum</expan> ha <lb/>bere ubi <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> dignitate et ho&longs;pitis et urbis <expan abbr="pr&aelig;&longs;tolant&etilde;">pr&aelig;&longs;tolantem</expan> excipi <lb/>as. <expan abbr="C&aelig;ter&utilde;">C&aelig;terum</expan> hu&longs;u&longs;cemodi publicis diuer&longs;oriis nihil quod ad <lb/>ciuium multitudinem commode excipiendam: hone&longs;te de/ <lb/>tinendam: oportuneque <expan abbr="emittend&atilde;">emittendam</expan> faciat/ulla ex parte negli <lb/>gendam e&longs;t: et pre&longs;ertim curandum/ut itinerum et luminum <lb/>et &longs;patiorum et eiu&longs;modi: qu&aelig; u&longs;ui uentura &longs;int/ne ull&aelig; pe <lb/>nitus commoditates de&longs;int. Ac pr&aelig;torio quidem: quo loci <lb/>plurimi <expan abbr="altercan&ttilde;/apertiones">altercantur/apertiones</expan> et plures et <expan abbr="&atilde;pliores">ampliores</expan> et prom <lb/>ptiores adigend&aelig; <expan abbr="&longs;unt/&qtilde;">&longs;unt/quae</expan> aut templo aut curi&aelig;. Tum in &longs;e <lb/>natum aditus quidem munitus nequicquam minus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> hone <lb/>&longs;tius &longs;it/nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. Id quidem cum c&aelig;teras ob res: tum ne <lb/>temerarius bachantium tumultus in&longs;ana ex plebe &longs;editio&longs;o <lb/>aliquo auctore concitatus in patrum pernitiem ad <expan abbr="arbitri&utilde;">arbitrium</expan> <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="irr&utilde;pere">irrumpere</expan>: quin uel ea maxime re porticus ambulatio 
<pb/>et eiu&longs;modi adicienda &longs;unt: ubi &longs;eruitia <expan abbr="cli&etilde;tel&aelig;">clientel&aelig;</expan> famili&aelig; que<lb/>&longs;uos pr&aelig;&longs;tolantes <expan abbr="&itilde;pr&aelig;meditatis">impr&aelig;meditatis</expan> ca&longs;ibus &longs;it pr&aelig;&longs;idio. Illud <lb/><expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> pr&aelig;termitto. Locis quidem omnibus quibus uox aut re <lb/>citantium aut canentium aut di&longs;putantium audienda e&longs;t: <lb/>te&longs;tudinata haud u&longs;que conueniunt quod uocem retundant: <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tignata <expan abbr="conueni&utilde;t">conueniunt</expan> quod &longs;onora &longs;int.</s>
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<s>Ca&longs;tris ponendis nimirum omnia repetenda pen&longs;andaque &longs;unt <lb/>qu&aelig; libris &longs;upioribus de urbium <expan abbr="pon&etilde;darum">ponendarum</expan> rationibus di&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ruimus. Nam &longs;unt ca&longs;tra ueluti urbium <expan abbr="qu&aelig;d&atilde;">qu&aelig;dam</expan> &longs;eminaria: <lb/>et con&longs;titutas urbes <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> pauci&longs;&longs;imas comperies illic/ubi pe <lb/>riti bellorum duces metarint. In ca&longs;tris tamen pr&aelig;cipua h&aelig;c <lb/>&longs;unt: ut intelligamus ca&longs;tra ip&longs;a quid &longs;pectent. Ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <lb/>ni repentinos armorum ca&longs;us et marorem ho&longs;tium uim ue/ <lb/>rerentur non ponerent. Et penitus abre id opus e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="arbitr&etilde;">arbitrem</expan> <lb/>tur: ho&longs;tium iccirco ratio habenda e&longs;t. Ho&longs;tium alius ar/ <lb/>mis et manu e&longs;t par: alius concitatior et ualidior. Ca&longs;trorum<lb/>hinc tria e&longs;&longs;e genera &longs;tatuemus. <expan abbr="Vn&utilde;">Vnum</expan> temporarium et mo <lb/>mentis mutabile: quo inter agendam expediendamque rem <lb/>aduer&longs;us compares armatos utimur/ partim continendi in <lb/>tuto militis: ptim coaptand&aelig; po&longs;tuland&aelig;que occa&longs;ionis cau <lb/>&longs;a ut cepta preclare perficias. <expan abbr="Alter&utilde;">Alterum</expan> genus ca&longs;trorum erit <lb/>&longs;tatarium: &longs;ui&longs;que diffidentem copiis ho&longs;tem: dum &longs;e muni <lb/>to aliquo <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> loco <expan abbr="c&otilde;tinuerit">continuerit</expan> premere et occupare in&longs;tituas: <lb/>Tertium forta&longs;&longs;is ca&longs;trorum genus illud erit: quo <expan abbr="impet&etilde;">impetem</expan> <lb/>tem urgentemque <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> &longs;u&longs;tineas/quoad lace&longs;&longs;endi &longs;atietate <lb/>aut ob&longs;idionis tedio affectus di&longs;cedat/atque abeat. In hi&longs;ce <lb/>omnibus egregie curandum in primis prouidendum e&longs;t: <lb/>&longs;ic &longs;e habeant omni ex parte/ut eis nihil de&longs;it rerum omnium <lb/>qu&aelig; ad &longs;alutem/ad &longs;e tuendum/ad <expan abbr="tolerand&utilde;/frangend&utilde;queho&longs;tem">tolerandun/frangendunque<lb/>ho&longs;tem</expan> accomodentur. Et contra ut ho&longs;ti nihil quoad in te <lb/>&longs;it re. momnium &longs;uppeditet: quibus aut te po&longs;&longs;it lace&longs;&longs;e/ <lb/>re: aut &longs;e&longs;e ferre &longs;ine incommodo atque periculo. Ergo cap/ <lb/><expan abbr="t&atilde;da">tanda</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis erit loci oportunitas: quo et inueniri <expan abbr="ab&utilde;de">abunde</expan>: <lb/>et comportari expedite: et excipi ad arbitrium commeatus 
<pb/>&longs;ub&longs;idiaque po&longs;&longs;int. Aqua nequicquam deerit: pabulum: li <lb/>gna haud longe aberunt: ad tuos receptus liber: in ho&longs;tem <lb/>egre&longs;&longs;us expeditus. Ho&longs;ti contra omnia compedita/et dif <lb/>ficilia <expan abbr="relinquen&ttilde;">relinquentur</expan>. Extare uelim ca&longs;tra quoad pror&longs;us <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">oemm</expan> <lb/>ho&longs;tium regionem de&longs;pectes: nequid conetur aut inchoet <lb/>qui&longs;piam/ quod non illico pro&longs;pectum tibi et <expan abbr="cognit&utilde;">cognitum</expan> &longs;it. <lb/>Locum deuexa/deiecta/ardua/abrupta late <expan abbr="circ&utilde;munient">circummunient</expan>. <lb/>Nequid aut multa manu circumuenire: aut ulla ex parte &longs;e <lb/>inferre &longs;ine graui di&longs;erimine ho&longs;tis po&longs;&longs;it. Nequid ubi tan <lb/>dem appulerit/po&longs;&longs;it aut tormenta libere immittere: aut &longs;i <lb/>ne magno &longs;uo malo per&longs;i&longs;tere. H&aelig;c &longs;i <expan abbr="dab&utilde;tur">dabuntur</expan> locorum opor <lb/>tunitates u&longs;urpentur. Alioquin con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportebit/ et <lb/>qu&aelig; tibi ca&longs;tra/et quibus locis pro exequenda expeditione <lb/>ponenda &longs;int. Nam et &longs;tataria ca&longs;tra munitiora multo e&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> temporaria oportet: et planis locis diffu&longs;iore artificio et <lb/>opere indigent maiore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in collibus. Nos a temporariis in <lb/>cipiemus: quando i&longs;torum quidem u&longs;us frequentior e&longs;t. <lb/>Quin et ca&longs;tra per&longs;&aelig;pe muta&longs;&longs;e ualitudini militum confer <lb/>re arbitrantur. Sed ca&longs;tris <expan abbr="pon&etilde;dis">ponendis</expan> forta&longs;&longs;is illud ueniet in <lb/>mentem u<gap/>ambigamus/&longs;uis ne <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> finibus/ an alieno agro <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>modius <expan abbr="habe&atilde;tur">habeantur</expan>. Aiebat Zenophon mutatione ca&longs;trorum le <lb/>di ho&longs;tes: iuuari tuos proculdubio ad fortitudinis decus fa <lb/>ciet: aliena proculcare: ad commoditates et &longs;ecuritatem <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>feret &longs;uo &longs;e&longs;e in &longs;olo recepi&longs;&longs;e. Sed &longs;ic in&longs;tituamus ut pute/ <lb/>mus ca&longs;tra ad totam qu&aelig; &longs;ub&longs;it et pareat <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e quip <lb/>piam &longs;imile atque ad urbem arx: que et <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> &longs;uos contiguum re <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;um: et in externos perpromptum et paratum progre&longs; <lb/>&longs;um habeat nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. C&aelig;terum obuallandorum ca&longs;trorum uaria <lb/>e&longs;t ratio. Britani &longs;udibus decempedalibus pr&aelig;u&longs;tis et pr&aelig; <lb/>acutis &longs;e&longs;e circum&longs;&aelig;piunt/altero capite intra &longs;olum infixo <lb/>et exculcato: altero extanti et producto: ut ho&longs;tem aduer/ <lb/>&longs;um &longs;pectent. Gallos refert C&aelig;&longs;ar pro uallo carros ho&longs;ti &longs;o <lb/>litos obiicere. I&longs;dem et traces aduer&longs;us Alexandrum u&longs;os <lb/>meminit. Neruii quo pr&aelig;&longs;ertim <expan abbr="equit&etilde;">equitem</expan> impediant tencris 
<pb/>inci&longs;is arboribus atque mutuo inflexis/ crebri&longs;que inter &longs;e ra <lb/>mis reiunctis &longs;epem obducunt. Nearcum pr&aelig;fectum Ale <lb/>xandri p indic&uuml; mare nauigant quo e&longs;&longs;et a barbaris tutior <lb/>muro muniui&longs;&longs;e ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="mem&itilde;t">memint</expan> Arrianus. Romani erat mo <lb/>ris: ita ca&longs;ibus &longs;ingulis/et fortun&aelig;/et temporis prouidi&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ut <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> &longs;ui penitendum foret/ac <expan abbr="milit&etilde;">militem</expan> quidem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> minus <lb/>ca&longs;tris muniendis: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> omni reliqua militia exercebant: neque<lb/>tanti ho&longs;tium pernitiem <expan abbr="faciebant/&qtilde;">faciebant/quae</expan> curabant ut &longs;uos egre <lb/>gie tucarentur: po&longs;&longs;eque <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> ferre/et ferendo fru&longs;trari: atque<lb/>refellere. id demum ad uictori&aelig; partem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> exiguam depu <lb/>tabant. Ea re quicquid a quoquam: aut referri: aut excogi <lb/>tari: po&longs;&longs;it omnia cornplecti/et exequi ad &longs;ua <expan abbr="c&otilde;moda">commoda</expan>: <lb/>et &longs;alutem u&longs;urparunt: edita et circum abrupta &longs;i deerant/ <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;is profundi&longs;&longs;imis/et aggere accumulato/ precipitia imi <lb/>tabuntur: ualloque et cratibus concingebant.</s>
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<s>Horum nos in&longs;tituta &longs;ic &longs;equemur: loco metabimur non &longs;o <lb/>lum <expan abbr="c&otilde;modo/&longs;ed">commodo/&longs;ed</expan> quo pro agendis rebus pre&longs;entibus inue <lb/>niri nullus po&longs;&longs;it accomodatior: et preter ea que recen&longs;ui <lb/>mus. erit is quidem &longs;iccus minime luco&longs;us alluuionibus ne <lb/><expan abbr="quie&qtilde;">quiequae</expan> infen&longs;us/&longs;ed ita po&longs;itus: ut tuis nulla ex parte &longs;e ha <lb/>beat impeditum. ho&longs;ti autem nihil pr&aelig;&longs;tet quod tutum &longs;it: <lb/>aquam neque morbo&longs;am in proximo neque &longs;alubrem longe ab <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e patietur. fontes intra ca&longs;tra puri&longs;&longs;imos excipiet/aut <gap/><lb/>uos: fluminaque pro ca&longs;tris obliciet. Id &longs;i minus licebit: cura <lb/>bit <expan abbr="ut&qtilde;">utquae</expan> contigua cuiu&longs;uis aquationis <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditasque">commoditasque</expan> &longs;it. Tum <lb/>erunt ca&longs;tra pro mu&longs;titudine militum/non laxiora <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> ut <lb/>di&longs;tributis ex excubiarum te&longs;&longs;eris/ cu&longs;todiri/ et <expan abbr="&itilde;termr&longs;&longs;is">intermr&longs;&longs;is</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="propugn&atilde;di">propugnandi</expan> uici&longs;&longs;itudinibus: defendi p milites po&longs;&longs;it ab&longs;que<lb/>la&longs;&longs;itudine. Et <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> ne e. unt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cotracta adco et cohor <lb/>tata/ut ad negocium &longs;pacia militi non &longs;uppeditent. Angu <lb/>los ca&longs;tris inutiles putauit Lycurgus in <expan abbr="orb&etilde;que">orbenque</expan> ponebat/ ni <lb/>aut <expan abbr="m&otilde;t&etilde;/aut">monten/aut</expan> flume/aut moenia po&longs;t &longs;e hab. ret. Alus area <lb/>ca&longs;trorum placuit quandrangula. Sed po&longs;itiones <expan abbr="finitione&longs;queca&longs;trorum/acc&otilde;modabimus">finitione&longs;que<lb/>ca&longs;trorum/accommodabimus</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;ditioni">conditioni</expan> temporum/ac locorum
<pb/>natur&aelig;/prout rerum agendarum/ho&longs;tiumque petendorum/ aut <lb/><expan abbr="fer&etilde;dorum">ferendorum</expan> ratio po&longs;tulabit: fo&longs;&longs;am ducemus tam amplam/ut <lb/>non ni&longs;i maxima ui aggeris. et multa &aelig;tate po&longs;&longs;int ex&aelig;qua <lb/>ri: aut potius bin&aelig; fo&longs;&longs;&aelig; &longs;pacio inttrmi&longs;&longs;o <expan abbr="pro&longs;cinden&ttilde;">pro&longs;cindentur</expan>: pu <lb/>tarunt ueteres i&longs;tiu&longs;modi quoque in rebus numerum pedum im <lb/>parem a religione pertinere et con&longs;ueuere latam ducere pe <lb/>des. xv. profundam. ix. directis <expan abbr="pro&longs;cinde&ttilde;">pro&longs;cindetur</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a lateribus <lb/>uti pateat uno fundo/quantum &longs;umma inter &longs;e <expan abbr="di&longs;t&etilde;t">di&longs;tent</expan> labra <lb/>ubi uero labile fiet &longs;olum/paulatim/angu&longs;tiore ad <expan abbr="infim&utilde;">infimum</expan> <lb/>fa&longs;tigio <expan abbr="deprime&ttilde;">deprimetur</expan>. Campe&longs;tribus locis et demi&longs;&longs;is aqua ex <lb/>fluento/aut ex lacu/aut ex mari/deriuata et diducta <expan abbr="c&otilde;ple">comple</expan> <lb/>buntur. id &longs;i non licebit &longs;udibus et <expan abbr="tr&utilde;cis">truncis</expan> dolobratis et pr&aelig; <lb/>acutis/ et <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;tintulis et municibus peralueum/infe&longs;&longs;is/ae <lb/>di&longs;&longs;eminatis exa&longs;perabitur. Fo&longs;&longs;is productis et comparatis <lb/>agger &longs;tatuetur/tam cra&longs;&longs;us ut mu&longs;culis proturbari/tam al <lb/>tus ut non modo falces ad <expan abbr="diripi&etilde;dum">diripiendum</expan> adigi: &longs;ed ne tela qui <lb/>dem ad militem <expan abbr="deterr&etilde;dum">deterrendum</expan> facile manu po&longs;&longs;int mitti: pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;entaneum e&longs;t/ut qu&aelig; fo&longs;&longs;is eximantur: in aggerem coacer <lb/>uentur. huic operi ueteres probarunt ex pratis re&longs;ectam tel <lb/>luris cutem: que herbarum radicibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;tineatur">contineatur</expan>. Alii inter <lb/>per&longs;a con&longs;tituunt/uimina uirentia &longs;alictarum/que germina <lb/>tu/et fibrarum complicatu agge&longs;tum opus confirment per <lb/>labra fo&longs;&longs;&aelig; interiora perque extremum aggerem: configentur <lb/>&longs;pin&aelig;/&longs;tili eritii/hami et generis eiu&longs;dem: quibus a&longs;cen&longs;us <lb/>ho&longs;tium retardetur. Aggerem &longs;upr&aelig;mum rubu&longs;tei ualli in <lb/><expan abbr="coron&atilde;">coronam</expan> perfixi: et tran&longs;uer&longs;ariis connexi/obcingentur/ cra <lb/>te et pluteis congeminatis/et creta intermi&longs;&longs;a atque excul <lb/>cata locabuntur. Pin&aelig; et cerui eminentis &longs;uper <expan abbr="exporgen&ttilde;">exporgentur</expan> <lb/>Denique omnia in opus conferuntur: quibus et minus &longs;ub <lb/>rui: pro&longs;cindique po&longs;&longs;it/et minus <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;">tran&longs;</expan><gap/>ndi: et &longs;it miles/ pro<lb/>pugnaculo tectior atque tutior. Turres in pedes centenos <lb/>marginibus excitabuntur: et pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ip&longs;is <expan abbr="oppugnation&utilde;">oppugnationum</expan> <lb/>locis crebriores/cel&longs;iore&longs;que <expan abbr="parabun&ttilde;/">parabuntur/</expan> ut etiam inreptum <lb/>in ca&longs;tra ho&longs;tem: po&longs;&longs;int deprimere pretorium/et <expan abbr="quintan&atilde;">quintanam</expan> 
<pb/>portam et <expan abbr="decuman&atilde;/et">decumanan/et</expan> ciu&longs;modi qu&aelig; &longs;uis' ca&longs;tren&longs;ium no <lb/>minibus appellantur/habebit locis tuti&longs;&longs;imis: et ad erupti <lb/>ones fundendas/ad commeatus conuehendos / ad militem <lb/>recuperandum expediti&longs;&longs;ima. Atqui h&aelig;c quidem ut dixi <lb/>&longs;tatiuis ca&longs;tris magis debentur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> temporariis: &longs;ed <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> &longs;it of <lb/>ficii omnes uereri ca&longs;us quos aut &longs;ors/aut tempora ualeant <lb/>afferre/ip&longs;is etiam momentaneis ca&longs;tris: minime quoad ex <lb/>u&longs;u &longs;it: qu&aelig; diximus negligentur. qu&aelig; autem ad &longs;tataria <lb/>ca&longs;tra pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ferendis ob&longs;idionibus po&longs;ita <expan abbr="pertine&atilde;t">pertineant</expan>. his <lb/>maxime &longs;imilia &longs;unt qu&aelig; de tyrannorum arce tran&longs;igemus <lb/>ob&longs;idionarium quoddam opus e&longs;t arx: quando eam <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ciues eternis odiis pro&longs;equantur: et ob&longs;idionis <expan abbr="accerrim&utilde;">accerrimum</expan> <lb/>genus e&longs;t/perpetuo aduigilare occa&longs;ionemque momentis a&longs; <lb/>&longs;iduis pre&longs;tolari/qua po&longs;&longs;is in ea diruenda <expan abbr="irritam&etilde;tis">irritamentis</expan> odii <lb/>&longs;ati&longs;facere: ea re uti diximus curandum e&longs;t. Vt &longs;it ea qui <lb/>dem <expan abbr="pot&etilde;s">potens</expan> ualida &longs;tabilis prompta ad &longs;e tuendum ad <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> <lb/>fru&longs;trandum et propellendum: et contra omnes impetus/et <lb/>ob&longs;idionis peruicaciam tuta et ille&longs;a. C&aelig;terum ca&longs;tris qui <lb/>bus conclu&longs;um ho&longs;tem premas atque infe&longs;tes: ne quicquam <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia erunt indiligentius ob&longs;eruanda: et recte <lb/>quidem quod quidem aiunt: rem belli ita &longs;e haberi/ ut ob&longs;i <lb/>diones uici&longs;&longs;im et ip&longs;i multa ex parte <expan abbr="ob&longs;ide&atilde;tur">ob&longs;ideantur</expan>: quare <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>id &longs;olum curandum e&longs;t qui potiare <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="cau&etilde;dum">cauendum</expan> etiam ne op <lb/>primare uel ho&longs;tium audacia et &longs;olertia/ uel tuorum indili <lb/>gentia: ut potiare i&longs;ta <expan abbr="confer&etilde;t">conferent</expan> oppugnatio circumuallatio <lb/>ne opprimare itidem duo conferent/ repugnatio et pr&aelig;mu <lb/>nitio: oppugnationum conatus omnis eo tendet/ut in oppi <lb/>dum et munitiones irrumpas. non hic de &longs;calis quibus <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/>repugnante ho&longs;te con&longs;cendas/ non de cuniculis/ non de am <lb/>bulatoriis turribus/non de tormentis/non de reliquo omni <lb/>ledendi genere quo igne aqua omnique natur&aelig; copia utimur <lb/>non inquam e&longs;t hoc loco de his ut pro&longs;equar: alibi de his ca <lb/>&longs;tren&longs;ium machinamentis di&longs;tinctius pro&longs;equemur &longs;ed &longs;it <lb/>hoc ad rem/quod monent <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetum trabes 
<pb/>tigna/pluteos/crates/rudentes/fa&longs;cicalos/&longs;accos/lana/al <lb/>ga/foenoue infertos obiicito: pr&aelig;&longs;ertimque ponito/ ut <expan abbr="ext&etilde;t">extent</expan> <lb/>propendentes/et deundantes. contra ignes i&longs;ta h&aelig;c madifa <lb/>cito/maxime aceto/aut luto et crudo latere operito. <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> <lb/>aquas ne laterem proluant pelles &longs;uperextendito: rur&longs;us <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tra ictus/ne pelles perton&longs;entur et collacerentur centonas <lb/>infu&longs;as et madentes adiicito. Circumuallatio ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is moe <lb/>nibus pluribus de cau&longs;is propinqua &longs;tatuetur/non incon&longs;ul <lb/>te: nam breuiore ductu/minore militum labore/leuiore ma <lb/>teri&aelig; copia atque impen&longs;a perfinietur: et peracta paucioribus <lb/>indigebit excubiis: &longs;ed ne ita <expan abbr="&itilde;tra">intra</expan> pomeria e&longs;t <expan abbr="&itilde;p&itilde;genda/">impingenda/</expan> ut <lb/>oppidani muralibus tormentis <expan abbr="milit&etilde;">militem</expan> in ca&longs;tris aut <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> opere <lb/><expan abbr="opprim&atilde;t">opprimant</expan>. quod &longs;i fit quidem circumuallatio: uti ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;idia: et commeatus aliunde petita abuetentur. certe modo <lb/>hoc ip&longs;um ex in&longs;tiruto a&longs;&longs;equare ubi uis interceperis aditus <lb/>atque interclu&longs;eris commodi&longs;&longs;ime habebitur &longs;iue pontes pr&aelig; <lb/>ualaris &longs;iue alibi uada et uias trabe aut maceria per&longs;ep&longs;eris <lb/>fiue &longs;tagna/lacus/paludes/flumina collesue inter &longs;e opere <lb/>perducto uinxeris &longs;iue dederis operam ut aquarum uis re <lb/>cre&longs;cat deuexaque circumpleat. his addenda &longs;unt qu&aelig; ad re/ <lb/>pugnationis et <expan abbr="pr&aelig;munit&otilde;is">pr&aelig;munitonis</expan> u&longs;um ualeant. <expan abbr="n&atilde;">nam</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am agge <lb/>rem turrimque et eiu&longs;modi/et contra oppidanos et <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;idiarias prouincialium manus communi&longs;&longs;e oportet: ne <lb/>quid hi eruptione aut hi concur&longs;u et inua&longs;ione officiant ac <lb/>ponentur quidem pr&aelig;terea locis idoneis ca&longs;tella et &longs;pecul&aelig; <lb/>quibus militi et iumentis aquatio/lignatio/pabulatioque tu <lb/>tior liberior commodiorque &longs;it: &longs;ed ne ita di&longs;gregabuntur co <lb/>pi&aelig; in partes uarias ut non uno impio regi unis uiribus de <lb/>certare una <expan abbr="con&longs;pirati&otilde;e">con&longs;piratione</expan> alter alteri &longs;ub&longs;idio e&longs;&longs;e extemplo <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it. Iuuat hic illud referre <expan abbr="dign&utilde;">dignum</expan> memoratu ex Apiano <lb/>hi&longs;torico. nam apud Peru&longs;iam quidem Octauianus <expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> Lu <lb/>cium ob&longs;ideret: fo&longs;&longs;am duxit &longs;tadia quinquaginta et &longs;ex pro<lb/>ten&longs;am u&longs;que ad tyberim latamque profundamque pedes. xxx. <lb/><expan abbr="Adi&utilde;xit">Adiunxit</expan> pr&aelig;terea murum <expan abbr="excel&longs;&utilde;">excel&longs;um</expan> et ligneas turres <expan abbr="qn&qtilde;ginta">qnquaginta</expan> 
<pb/>&longs;apra mille <expan abbr="&longs;uperemin&etilde;tes">&longs;upereminentes</expan> pedes. lx. atque ita muniuit opus <lb/>ut ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i non magis arcerentur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan>. etiam excluderentur ne <lb/>u&longs;piam exercitum po&longs;&longs;ent l&aelig;dere. De terre&longs;tribus hactenus <lb/>ni forte illud de&longs;it quod digni&longs;&longs;imum &longs;pectati&longs;&longs;imumque lo <lb/>cum deligere oportet/ ubi <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;ma">&longs;umma</expan> cum maie&longs;tate uexilla rei <lb/>public&aelig; collocentur et diuina fiant cum maxima ueneratio <lb/>ne et militares magi&longs;tratus ad tribunal et con&longs;ilium uocati <lb/>conueniant. Maritima ca&longs;tra cla&longs;&longs;ibus haberi forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> <lb/>qui negent/dicentque nauibus &longs;e uti qua&longs;i aquatico elephan/ <lb/>to quem &longs;uis frenis moderentur/ac portus magis ad ca&longs;tro <lb/>rum u&longs;um referri <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> nauium: alii contra nauim affirm abunt <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e haud aliud quippiam <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> arcem quandam <expan abbr="obambulant&etilde;">obambulantem</expan>. <lb/>nos i&longs;ta pretermittamus atque &longs;ic &longs;tatuamus duo e&longs;&longs;e quibus <lb/>no&longs;tra h&aelig;c ratio et ars &aelig;dificatoria cla&longs;&longs;iariis ducibus et tur <lb/>mis &longs;alutem atque uictoriam pariat/ unum in nauibus ad or <lb/>nandis/alterum in portibus <expan abbr="muni&etilde;dis/&longs;iue">muniendis/&longs;iue</expan> ho&longs;tem petas/&longs;i <lb/>ue probibeas. Nauium primarius u&longs;us e&longs;t<gap/>ut te tuaque tran&longs;/ <lb/>uehant proximus ut bello &longs;ubmini&longs;trent opem &longs;ine periculo <lb/>pericula quidem aut ip&longs;a ex naui ueluti iuncta corpori et in <lb/>nata aderunt/aut <expan abbr="extr&itilde;&longs;ecus">extrin&longs;ecus</expan> importabuntur: extrin&longs;eca <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>uentorum <expan abbr="uis/undar&utilde;">uis/undarum</expan> moles/&longs;copuli &longs;irti&longs;que incur&longs;us: qu&aelig; <lb/>quidem omnia u&longs;u rerum maritimarum et locorum uentorum<lb/>que cognitione et peritia &longs;atis mature uitabuntur: innata <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> <lb/>uitia facient aut liniamenta aut materia/his uitiis prouiden <lb/>dum e&longs;t. Materiam omnem reprobant qu&aelig; fi&longs;&longs;ilis fragilis &longs;i <lb/>dens putrico&longs;aque &longs;it clauos et ligulas eneas pr&aelig;ferunt ferreis <lb/>ex naui traiani per hos dies dum qu&aelig; &longs;crip&longs;imus commenta <lb/>ret ex lacu nemoren&longs;i eruta: quo loci annos plus mille. ccc. <lb/>demer&longs;a et de&longs;tituta iacuerat aduerti pinum materiam et cu <lb/>pre&longs;&longs;um egregie dura&longs;&longs;e in ea tabulis extrin&longs;ecus duplicem <lb/>&longs;uperexten&longs;am et pice atra perfu&longs;am/tela ex lino adglutina <lb/>rant &longs;upraque id chartam plumbeam clauiculis eneis coadfir <lb/>marant. Fabricandis nauibus liniamenta ueteres architecti <lb/>&longs;ump&longs;ere a pi&longs;cibus ut quod in illo dor&longs;um in hac fit carina 
<pb/>quod illi caput huic prora/tum et pro cauda temon/et pro <lb/>remis branc&aelig; et alicul&aelig;. Nauium duo <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> genera/ onerari&aelig; <lb/>et fugaces. nauis longitudo ad cur&longs;us pr&aelig;&longs;ertim directos in <lb/>primis confert: breuitas ad temonis imperia faciet. Onera <lb/>ri&aelig; longitudo uelim ad latitudinem &longs;it/ne minus tripla fu <lb/>gacis ne plus nonupla. Alibi de nauium rationibus in eo li <lb/>bello qui nauis in&longs;eribitur profu&longs;ius pro&longs;ecuti &longs;umus/&longs;ed hic <lb/>quantam faciat ad ceptam rem. Nauium partes h&aelig; &longs;unt ea <lb/>rina/pupis/prora/hinc atque hinc latera adde &longs;i uis <expan abbr="temon&etilde;">temonem</expan> <lb/>et uela/et qu&aelig; ad cur&longs;um pertineant. Vacuum nauis <expan abbr="qu&atilde;t&utilde;">quantum</expan> <lb/>&longs;it aqu&aelig; pondus qua po&longs;&longs;it ad iu&longs;tum impleri tantum in&longs;ti <lb/>tarum rerum <expan abbr="p&otilde;deris">ponderis</expan> &longs;u&longs;tinebit. Carinam planam e&longs;&longs;e opor <lb/>tet: c&aelig;tera omnia ad flex&aelig; line&aelig; cubitum dolobrabuntur. <lb/>Carina quo erit latior eo ponderum tollerantior/&longs;ed cur&longs;u <lb/>tardior: carina extenuata et reducta uelocior: &longs;ed ni plu/ <lb/>rimum indideris &longs;aburre uacillabit. Carina ampla uado&longs;is <lb/>apta gracilis alto mari &longs;ecurior. Latera et prora cel&longs;a et &longs;ub <lb/>lata aduer&longs;us <gap/>mpetentes fluctus peruicax &longs;ed uentis grauio <lb/>ribus peruincitur: prore ductus quo erit argutior/eo ad cur <lb/>&longs;um promptior et labilior. Pupis quo gratilior eo ceptis &longs;ul <lb/>cis tenendis <expan abbr="per&longs;euer&atilde;tior">per&longs;euerantior</expan> ad nauim umbones et pectora ua <lb/>lida et paulo promptiora e&longs;&longs;e oportet/quo uelorum remorum<lb/>ue appul&longs;u et impetu fluctus propellant: &longs;ubinde ad pupim <lb/>uer&longs;us gracile&longs;cat quo ueluti <expan abbr="&longs;p&otilde;te">&longs;ponte</expan> &longs;ua lubrico diffugio euo <lb/>let <expan abbr="temon&utilde;">temonum</expan> numerus naui auget firmitatem minuit uelocita <lb/>tem arbori atque naui equa dabitur longitudo. minuta <expan abbr="reli&qtilde;">reliquae</expan> <lb/>et qu&aelig; ad <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> nauis et quae ad <expan abbr="u&itilde;">uim</expan> belli <expan abbr="faci&atilde;t">faciant</expan> remos ancoras <lb/>rudentes ro&longs;tra turres pontes et eiu&longs;modi minutiora pr&aelig;te <lb/>reantur: illud faciat ad rem trabes et tigna &longs;pondis et lateri <lb/>bus pendentia et item porrecta. pro ro&longs;tris et contra impetus <lb/>contrarios pro munimento e&longs;&longs;e/ tum et arbores exeitate pro<lb/>turribus: antenn&aelig; et &longs;caf&aelig; in antennas &longs;ublat&aelig; pro pontibus <lb/>egregie ualebunt/ueteres in prora coruos no&longs;tri prora et pu <lb/>pi propter malum turres excitare/et centonas rudentes &longs;ac 
<pb/>cos et eiu&longs;modi prouallo et tecto obiicere: et funibus rhere <lb/>&longs;uperobducto tran&longs;cendentes ad &longs;e prohibere perpulerhe <lb/>didicerunt. Et nauim foros quo pacto crebris p&longs;urgentibus <lb/>&longs;timulis unico temporis momento interdimicandum po&longs;&longs;is <lb/>penitus refertos reddere: adeo ut non &longs;ine uulnere accepto <lb/>liceat ho&longs;ti pedem paulo dimouere. Et contra ubi ex u&longs;u &longs;it <lb/>altro minore <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> temporis expurgari omni i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <lb/>offen&longs;ione amota po&longs;&longs;it: excogitauimus atque adnotauimus <lb/>alibi. Sed <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> e&longs;t hic ut uelim i&longs;ta repetere. Admonui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> <lb/>tum iuuent bona ingenia. <expan abbr="T&utilde;">Tum</expan> et inueni qua po&longs;&longs;im arte uni <lb/>co leui malleoli ictu fori tabulata di&longs;&longs;oluere uniuer&longs;a: om <lb/>nemque multitudinem: que <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;derit">con&longs;cenderit</expan> deturbare: atque ilico <lb/>leui manu breui momento opus <expan abbr="integr&utilde;">integrum</expan> u&longs;ui re&longs;titueie.</s>
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<s>Qu&aelig; etiam excogitarim ad &longs;ubmergendas incendenda&longs;que<lb/>nanes <expan abbr="ho&longs;ti&utilde;">ho&longs;tium</expan> ad perturbandam ad occidendam occi&longs;ione <lb/>mi&longs;erabili <expan abbr="turb&atilde;">turbam</expan> naualem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="refer&atilde;">referam</expan> De his forta&longs;&longs;is <lb/>alibi: Illud non pretereatur quod locis omnibus eadem na <lb/>uis longitudo: altitudo: amplitudo ue non debetur ponto <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>ter in&longs;uiarum amfractus ua&longs;t&aelig; carin&aelig;: qbus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ni&longs;i multa <lb/>hominum manu imperes: male habent uentis paulo acrius <lb/>&longs;euientibus. Contra ad gades profu&longs;o oceano pu&longs;illa flucti <lb/>bus ab&longs;orbetur. Rurius ad rem naualem &longs;pectat portus <lb/>tueri aut impedire. Id mole in profundum ducta: et aggere <lb/>et<gap/> catenis et rebus eiu&longs;modi obirectis: e quibus libro &longs;uperi <lb/>ore tran&longs;egimus: belli&longs;&longs;ime a&longs;&longs;equemur. Pali prefigentur: <lb/>La<gap/>dum impedimenta iacientur. Tum ex tabulis atque, ui <lb/>minibus forme et uacua grauibus completa de mergentur. <lb/>Sin autem loci natura aut impen&longs;e magnitudo i&longs;ta fieri pro<lb/>hibuerit: puta &longs;i fluida limo&longs;itas aut nimium profunda alti <lb/>tudo ad&longs;it: &longs;ic facito. Dolus &longs;ub&longs;tratis ordine et iunctis trabes <lb/>et tigna directa atque <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;uer&longs;um">tran&longs;uer&longs;um</expan> alia ex alirs eollocata <lb/>et compacta coaptato ad&longs;icitoque ut ex rate <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> ho&longs;tem emine <lb/>ant ro&longs;tra ardua pr&aelig;acuta et pali: quos ton&longs;illas <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupant">nuncupant</expan>: <lb/>ferrato cu&longs;pide nequid leuigata ho&longs;tium nauis plenis uelis 
<pb/>audeat opus impetere aut tran&longs;labi. Ratem ab ignirm in<gap/><lb/>ria contergito tellure: crates et pluteos pro uallo circun adi <lb/>gito: locis idoneis turres contabulato: &longs;requenti anchora <lb/>locis &longs;tabilibus: et qu&ecedil; ho&longs;tem lateant: <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> fluctus firmato <lb/>iuuabit opus ducere &longs;inuatum arcu <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> fluctus flexo quo rebu <lb/>&longs;tius et ualidius fluctum ferat: et anchora pre&longs;idicque extrin <lb/>&longs;eco minus impigeat. De his hactenus.</s>
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<s>Nunc quandoquidem tantis rebus agendis commeatu atque<lb/>impen&longs;a indigeas: dicendum e&longs;t de magi&longs;tratibus qui i&longs; a <lb/>&longs;uppeditent: quo in numero qu&aelig;&longs;tor: publicani: decumani <lb/>et generis eiu&longs;dem. His <expan abbr="deb&etilde;tur">debentur</expan> h&ecedil;c horreum: &aelig;rarium: ar <lb/>mamentarium: emporium: naualia: equilia: Pauca &longs;unt qu&ecedil; <lb/>hied icenda uideantur: non tamen negligenda. Nam hor <lb/>reum quidem &ecedil;rarium: <expan abbr="armam&etilde;tarium">armamentarium</expan> &longs;atis con&longs;tat media <lb/>es celeberrima e&longs;&longs;e ponendum parte uibis: quo tutiora et <lb/>promptiora &longs;int. Naualia propter incendia a ciuium ca&longs;is <lb/>&longs;emouenda. Illud minime negligendum: quod integios ab &longs;o <lb/>lo <expan abbr="&longs;urg&etilde;tes">&longs;urgentes</expan>: et pr&aelig;ter tecta &longs;e &longs;e extollentes toto &ecedil;di&longs;icio in <lb/>ter&longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e oportet parietes: qui populantes incendir flam <lb/>mas intercipiant: uetereque profu&longs;ius pertecta defluere. Em <lb/>poria ad mare: ad fluminum fauces: ad triuia militarium ul <lb/>arum &longs;taruentur: An naualia &longs;inus et aquarum conceptacu <lb/>la adiungentur: quo loci &longs;ubducenda: in&longs;tauranda: et mari <lb/>danda cla&longs;&longs;is recipiatur: I&longs;tic aqua ut a&longs;&longs;iduo agitetur mo <lb/>tu curandum e&longs;t: hau&longs;tro marce&longs;cunt merediano: &aelig;&longs;tu fati <lb/>&longs;cunt nauigia: orientis radio &longs;eruantur. Tum horrea qu&ecedil; <lb/>uis &longs;eruandis rebus a&longs;truantur: con&longs;tant loci aeri&longs;que &longs;iccita <lb/>te <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis gaudere. Sed de his prolixius cum de rebus pri <lb/>uatorum dicemus: ad quorum rationes ea maxime pertine <lb/>ant preter &longs;alaria. Etenim &longs;alaria &longs;ic &longs;tatuito. Solum in&longs;ter <lb/>nito carbone ad cubitum atque <expan abbr="c&otilde;pen&longs;ato">compen&longs;ato</expan>. Inde &longs;uper in&longs;pra <lb/>gito &longs;abulum creta pura &longs;ubactum palmos tris et complana <lb/>to po&longs;tremo latere u&longs;que ad <expan abbr="nigredin&etilde;">nigredinem</expan> decoto pauimentato 
<pb/>Latera <expan abbr="pariet&utilde;">parietum</expan> intima ducito ubi lateris i&longs;tiu&longs;modi copia <lb/>non e&longs;t: lapide quadrato <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> tofinio neque rediuiuo &longs;eruatu <lb/>ra intermedio et alioquin pr&ecedil;duro et opus a pariete intror <lb/>&longs;um ad cubiti <expan abbr="&longs;pati&utilde;">&longs;patium</expan> reducito: atque tignis coadiunctis et <lb/>clauis &aelig;ris: aut potius in paginibus obnexis &longs;eptum ftatui <lb/>to. Interuallum a materia ad <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> harundine <expan abbr="c&otilde;plecto">complecto</expan> <lb/>Maiorem <expan abbr="&itilde;mod&utilde;">immodum</expan> iuuabit materiam creta ex amurca com <lb/>macerata: et &longs;parto uincoque <expan abbr="c&otilde;fracto">confracto</expan> intermixto diluta&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="C&aelig;ter&utilde;">C&aelig;terum</expan> publica i&longs;tiu&longs;modi quauis ab furum et ho&longs;tium et <lb/>&longs;editio&longs;orum ciuium in&longs;idus: proteruia impetuque pror&longs;us <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e murorum: et turrium: et pre&longs;idiis munita oportet.</s>
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<s>De publicorum operibus abunde uideor peregi&longs;&longs;e: ni illud <lb/>de&longs;it: quod quidem ad magi&longs;tratus ip&longs;os non in po&longs;tremis <lb/>pertinet: ut habeant quo loci eos <expan abbr="c&otilde;mitt&atilde;t">committant</expan>: quos ob contu <lb/>maciam pfidiam improbitatemque puniendos iudicent: id <lb/><expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> non negligamus. Carceris genera apud ueteres tria <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e inuenio. Vnum quo immode&longs;ti et parum exculti <lb/>compellantur: ut noctu a doctis et probati&longs;&longs;imis bonarum <lb/>artium profe&longs;&longs;oribus condocefiant: qu&aelig; ad bonos mores et <lb/>uit&ecedil; <expan abbr="mod&utilde;">modum</expan> pertineant. Alterum quo alieno &ecedil;re obnoxii: et <lb/>qui carceris tedio ab inita uit&ecedil; petulantia abterrendi &longs;unt <lb/>detineantur. Tertium quo immanes con&longs;celerati c&ecedil;lo: et <lb/><expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> c&ecedil;tu indigni: ac prope diem plectendi: ac tenebris <lb/>et pedori addicandi demandantur. Po&longs;tremo hoc genus <lb/>carceris &longs;i fuerit <expan abbr="qui&longs;pi&atilde;">qui&longs;piam</expan> q &longs;ubterraneum <expan abbr="antr&utilde;">antrum</expan> et horren <lb/>do &longs;epulchro &longs;imile <expan abbr="faciund&utilde;">faciundum</expan> curarit: is quidem ad &longs;ontis <lb/><expan abbr="pen&atilde;">penam</expan> nimirum &longs;pectabit magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> lex ip&longs;a aut <expan abbr="ho&itilde;um">hoinum</expan> ratio <lb/>po&longs;tulet: Nam et &longs;i perditi <expan abbr="hom&itilde;es">homines</expan> ultima omnia &longs;uis fla <lb/>gitits mereantur: erit tamen et reip. et principis officium <lb/>de pietate nihil demereri. Eo &longs;at adeo &longs;it firma&longs;&longs;e opus pa <lb/>riete et aptiombus et te&longs;tudine: ut eripe nu&longs;quam facile &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e conciu&longs;us po&longs;&longs;it. Cui reri cra&longs;&longs;itudo et profunditas: et cel <lb/>&longs;itas operis grandibus: et praeduris lapidibus ferro et &aelig;re 
<pb/>iunctis <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> conferet. Adde &longs;i uis et trabium et arduas <lb/>obretatas apertiones et eiu&longs;modi: tam et &longs;i minora et imbe <lb/>cilliora <expan abbr="omn&itilde;o">omnino</expan> h&ecedil;c &longs;unt: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut ea libertatis et &longs;alutis memor <lb/>nequeat refringere modo exequi &longs;inas <expan abbr="qu&atilde;tum">quantum</expan> ad rem per <lb/><expan abbr="fici&etilde;dam">ficiendam</expan> natur&aelig; et ingenii uiribus ualeat. Ac pr&ecedil;clare qui <lb/>dem illi mihi uidentur admonere qui dicunt <expan abbr="adam&atilde;tinum">adamantinum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e carcerem cu&longs;todis aduigilantis oculum. Sed nos in re <lb/>liquis ueterum mores et in&longs;tituta pro&longs;equamur: illud faciat <lb/>ad rem carceribus ade&longs;&longs;e oportere ubi uentri pareant. Vbi <lb/>etiam foco <expan abbr="refocill&etilde;tur">refocillentur</expan> ab&longs;que fumi et fetoris imuria. Tum <lb/>de tota re carceris e&longs;t: ut &longs;ic &longs;tatua. Aream in parte urbis <lb/>tuta et <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> neglecta <expan abbr="cing&etilde;dam">cingendam</expan> muro ualido: alto nullis aper <lb/>tionibus inter&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o turribus et decur&longs;oriis munito: A mu <lb/>ro i&longs;toc intror&longs;um ad conclu&longs;orum parietes cubitos tres re <lb/>cedendum e&longs;t: quo excubi&ecedil; noctu obambientes coniurato <lb/>rum fugas intercipiant. Medium uero quod ine&longs;t are&aelig; &longs;pa <lb/>tium ita diuidendum: ut pro ue&longs;tibulo aula minime tri<gap/>is <lb/>paretur: qua ad cape&longs;cendam di&longs;ciplinam mi&longs;&longs;i cogantur. <lb/>Po&longs;t hac primos aditus cu&longs;todes armati intra cancellos et <lb/>ualli pr&ecedil;fidia occupent. Subinde area &longs;ubdiualis &longs;tatuctur. <lb/>Aderunt hinc atque hinc adact&ecedil; porticus: quibus in cellas <lb/>plures pluribus aptionibus propatulus a&longs;pectus detur. Has <lb/>intra cellas decoctores et &aelig;re alieno obnoxii: non una <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> <lb/>&longs;ed di&longs;tincti a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur: Fronte habebitur carcer a&longs;trie <lb/>tior: quo minoribus criminibus rei mancipentur. Vltimis <lb/>penetralibus capitales a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur.</s>
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<s>Venio ad priuata &ecedil;dificia. Domum alibi pu&longs;illam e&longs;&longs;e ur <lb/>bem diximus Ferme igitur &ecedil;que <expan abbr="o&itilde;a">oina</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> ea altruenda. <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ide">con&longs;ide</expan> <lb/>ra&longs;&longs;e oportebit: qu&aelig; circa urbis opus ptineant.: Vt &longs;it &longs;alu <lb/>berrima <expan abbr="h&etilde;at">henat</expan> oportunitates: pre&longs;tet omoditates: Qu&ecedil; ad ui <lb/><expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> <expan abbr="faei&atilde;t">faeiant</expan> pacate <expan abbr="tr&atilde;qlle">tranqlle</expan> atque laute <expan abbr="ag&etilde;d&atilde;">agendam</expan>. I&longs;ta h&ecedil;c <expan abbr="o&itilde;a">oina</expan> &longs;uapte <lb/>natura <expan abbr="qu&aelig;n&atilde;">qu&aelig;nam</expan> &longs;unt et qualia e&longs;&longs;e et <expan abbr="cuiu&longs;m&otilde;i">cuiu&longs;moni</expan> oporteat <gap/>nita <lb/>ex parte uideor <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;egi&longs;&longs;e">tran&longs;egi&longs;&longs;e</expan> libris &longs;upioribus. Sed hic aliun 
<pb/>de &longs;umpto principio rem &longs;ic ordiemur: priuatam domum <lb/>fimili&aelig; gratia ponendam con&longs;tat: ut in ea commodi&longs;&longs;ime ac <lb/>quie&longs;cat/&longs;atis commoda <expan abbr="nequie&qtilde;">nequiequae</expan> erit &longs;edes ni &longs;ub <expan abbr="ei&longs;d&etilde;">ei&longs;dem</expan> te <lb/>ctis habeantur/qu&aelig;cunque i&longs;torum gratia debeantur. Magnus <lb/>e&longs;t hominum in familia et rerum numerus quem non eque <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>urbe atque in agro ad arbitrium colloces. quid enim urbanis <lb/>&aelig;dificationibus euenit ut uicinus paries &longs;tillicidium publi <lb/>ca area uia et eiu&longs;mo di pleraque omnia <expan abbr="impedi&atilde;t/">impediant/</expan> quo minus <lb/>ip&longs;e tibi &longs;ati&longs;&longs;acias id in ru&longs;ticanis non euenit liberiora illic <lb/>pr&aelig;pedita i&longs;tic &longs;unt omnia: ergo cum aliis pleri&longs;que rationi/ <lb/>bus/tum etiam hac iuuat &longs;ic rem di&longs;tinguere/ ut alia urba/ <lb/>na alia ro&longs;ticana e&longs;&longs;e: priuatis dieam &aelig;dificia i utri&longs;que aliud <lb/>tenuiores aliud opulentiores ciues exigunt: nanque tenuiores <lb/>quidem cobabitandi modum ex nece&longs;&longs;itate metiuntur/ lau <lb/>tiores uix ex &longs;acietare finiunt libidini terminos. At nos qu&aelig; <lb/>in quibu&longs;que bene con&longs;ulti moderatio comprobet referamus. <lb/>a facilioribus incipiendum cen&longs;eo. Ru&longs;ticana expeditiora <lb/>tum et diuites ad impen&longs;am ruri promptiores. &longs;ed prius pa<gap/><lb/>ca breui&longs;&longs;ime repetamus qu&aelig; ad &longs;ummas uillae rationes fa <lb/>ciant ea &longs;unt eiu&longs;modi. Caelum calamito&longs;um/ terram cario <lb/>&longs;am fugiendum medio in agro ad montis radices aquo&longs;a a/ <lb/>prica &longs;alubrique in regione/ et &longs;alubri parte regionis aedifi/ <lb/>candum. Tri&longs;te et in&longs;alubre caelum prae&longs;tare <expan abbr="arbitran&ttilde;">arbitrantur</expan> cum <lb/>caetera <expan abbr="&itilde;c&otilde;moda">incommoda</expan> de qbus libro <expan abbr="pr&itilde;o">prino</expan> tran&longs;egimus <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> et &longs;iluas <lb/><expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;iores">den&longs;iores</expan> <expan abbr="prae&longs;ert&itilde;">prae&longs;ertim</expan> arboribus refertas qbus amarum &longs;it follium <lb/>quando illie nec uentis nec &longs;ole pertactus aer incrude&longs;cat. <lb/>tum et &longs;olum etiam &longs;terile atque in&longs;alubre a quo <expan abbr="tand&etilde;">tandem</expan> &longs;i quid <lb/>capias/erunt &longs;iluae uillam ea parte agri <expan abbr="habend&atilde;">habendam</expan> puto qu<gap/><lb/>urbanis cum domini aedibus belli&longs;&longs;ime condicat. E&longs;t apud <lb/>zenophontem ad uillam <expan abbr="eund&utilde;">eundum</expan> pedibus exercitu gratia/re <lb/>deundum equo. Ergo erit non &longs;emora penitus ab urbe: e <lb/>ritque uia non difficili/non impedita/ &longs;ed hibernis ae&longs;tiuis <lb/>que itionibus et &longs;ubuectionibus apta atque peroportuna/ <lb/>i&longs;eu id reda/&longs;eu pedibus/&longs;eu etiam naui forta&longs;&longs;is iuuets 
<pb/>conferetque/&longs;i erit non aliena a porta urbis &longs;ed <expan abbr="proximiore/&qtilde;">proximiore/quae</expan> <lb/>commodius expeditiu&longs;que &longs;ine maiore ue&longs;tium apparatu et &longs;i <lb/>ne populo interprete po&longs;&longs;is cum coniuge et liberis urbemque<lb/>uillamque <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s">frequens</expan> ad arbitrium repetere <expan abbr="uill&atilde;que">uillanque</expan> habui&longs;ie <lb/>condecet ea qua matutini radii oculis profici&longs;centium &longs;int <lb/>non infe&longs;ti/et ue&longs;pertini &longs;oles domum redeuntes non mole <lb/>&longs;tent. Rur&longs;us habenda uilla e&longs;t loco non u&longs;que de&longs;tituto ne <lb/>glecto ignobili/ &longs;ed eiu&longs;modi ut illic et fructus &longs;pe et c&aelig;li <lb/>amoenitate illecti habitent cum rerum copia et uit&aelig; iocun/ <lb/>ditate et &longs;ine periculo. Et ne item habenda quidem uilla <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>loco nimium celebri/ aut ad urbem/ad uiam <expan abbr="militar&etilde;">militarem</expan> et ad <lb/>portum adiuncta/ubi nauium numerus applicet &longs;ed collo <lb/>cabitur apte ut i&longs;tarum rerum uoluptas cum non de&longs;it tum <lb/>et res familiaris pr&aelig;tereuntium ho&longs;pitum frequentia haud <lb/>multo infe&longs;tetur. Vento&longs;a inquiunt ueteres &longs;oca carere &longs;o <lb/>lent rubigine ro&longs;cida uero et conualles perflatum que <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ha <lb/>bentes e<gap/> &longs;modi nocuis fre quenter uitiantur: illud mihi <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;emper ubique locorum <expan abbr="probabi&ttilde;">probabitur</expan> quod aiunt &aelig;dificandum uil <lb/>lam ut &longs;pectet equinoctium &longs;olem orientem. nam i&longs;ta qu&aelig; <lb/>de &longs;<gap/>bus et aura feruntur pro regionum &longs;orte mutari <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> prom <lb/>ptu e&longs;t/ut non &longs;emper aquilo leuis neque bau&longs;ter ubique i&longs;a <lb/>lubris &longs;it. perdocte quidem cel&longs;us phy&longs;icus uentos <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> a&longs;&longs;e <lb/>rebat qui amari cadan: e&longs;&longs;e den&longs;iores: qui autem a mediter <lb/>raneis <expan abbr="ueni&atilde;t">ueniant</expan> <expan abbr="n&utilde;&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> e&longs;&longs;e leuiores: et <expan abbr="uit&atilde;das">uitandas</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;torum">uentorum</expan> <expan abbr="gr&atilde;">gram</expan> pri <lb/>mas fauces <expan abbr="ualli&utilde;">uallium</expan> cen&longs;eo: nam illic uenti nimium frigentes <lb/>&longs;unt/&longs;i per umbram ueniunt/ aut nimium &aelig;&longs;tuo&longs;i ubi p con <lb/>&longs;tratum et collu&longs;tratum ab multo &longs;ole applicent. Sed cum <lb/>uillarum tecta alia &longs;unt qu&aelig; ingenui/alia qu&aelig; ad&longs;trictii <lb/>glebe incolant. <expan abbr="hor&utilde;que">horunque</expan> altera emolumenti cau&longs;a in primis <lb/>con&longs;tituta: altera forta&longs;&longs;is animi gratia adducta uideantur: <lb/>de his qu&aelig; agrum apprime &longs;pecrant tran&longs;igamus: horum te <lb/>cta <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> loge ao herilibus e&longs;&longs;e oportet/quo <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> horas qu&aelig; qui&longs;que<lb/>agat: et qu&aelig; facto &longs;int opus intelligant. huius quidem par <lb/>tis tectorum proprium e&longs;t ut p eam fructus qui ex agro po&longs;&longs;it 
<pb/>eapi parentur <expan abbr="colligan&ttilde;">colligantur</expan> atque &longs;eruentur: ni <expan abbr="po&longs;trem&utilde;">po&longs;tremum</expan> hoc. i. <lb/>collecta ut &longs;erues: herilium urbanarumque e&longs;&longs;e munus &aelig;dium <lb/>putas magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pr&aelig;dit ru&longs;ticani: i&longs;ta perficies hominum ma <lb/>nu in&longs;trumentorum copia/et in primis uillici indu&longs;tria et dili <lb/>gentia. Manum ru&longs;ticam po&longs;uere ueteres hominum ferme. <lb/>XV. horum igitur gratia habere oportet: quo loci algentes fo <lb/>ueas aut tempe&longs;tatibus ab opere depul&longs;os recipias ut cibum <lb/>capiant/ut acquie&longs;cant/ut comparent qu&aelig; u&longs;ui futura &longs;unt <lb/>Ergo parabitur culina ampla minime ob&longs;cura ab <expan abbr="inc&etilde;dii">incendii</expan> pe <lb/>riculis tuta cum furno foco aqua et cloaca intra culinam ta <lb/>blinum ubi hone&longs;tiores <expan abbr="pernoct&etilde;t/ubi">pernoctent/ubi</expan> ci&longs;tam panariam/per <lb/><expan abbr="nam/lard&utilde;que">nam/lardunque</expan> in quotidianos u&longs;us <expan abbr="&longs;eru&etilde;t">&longs;eruent</expan><gap/> reliqui ita di&longs;tribu <lb/><expan abbr="an&ttilde;">antur</expan> ut &longs;uis quibus qui&longs;que pr&aelig;&longs;it rebus curandis pre&longs;to &longs;int: <lb/>uillicus ad <expan abbr="ianu&atilde;">ianuam</expan> primariam: ne quid noctu &longs;e in&longs;cio <expan abbr="q&longs;pi&atilde;">q&longs;piam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="progredia&ttilde;/aut">progrediatur/aut</expan> a&longs;portet quippiam. bubulci pro &longs;tabulis ne <lb/>quid eorum ce&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> ubi res po&longs;tulet. H&aelig;c de <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> <lb/>manu hactenus in&longs;trumenta alia animata ut quadrupedes: <lb/>alia muta ut uehicula/ferramenta et eiu&longs;modi. i&longs;torum gratia <lb/>ad culinam adiungetur teges immodica: &longs;ub qua plo&longs;trum <lb/>traham/burram/iuga/ci&longs;tas fenarias/et eiu&longs;modi colligas <lb/>&longs;pectabit teges <expan abbr="meridi&etilde;">meridiem</expan> quo <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> illic familia p <expan abbr="brum&atilde;">brumam</expan> <expan abbr="aga&ttilde;">agatur</expan> <lb/>dies fe&longs;tos in &longs;ole. et <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> plero ac torculari <expan abbr="&longs;paci&utilde;">&longs;pacium</expan> expedi <lb/><expan abbr="ti&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">ti&longs;&longs;imum</expan> et <expan abbr="ppurgati&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">ppurgati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: aderit et <expan abbr="c&otilde;claue">conclaue</expan> ubi alueolus/ca <lb/>latus/orbiculi/funis/&longs;arculus/bidentes et generis eiu&longs;dem <lb/><expan abbr="condan&ttilde;">condantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="in&longs;arcian&ttilde;">in&longs;arciantur</expan>: <expan abbr="intrabi&utilde;">intrabium</expan> <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;tris">tran&longs;tris</expan> et <expan abbr="iugam&etilde;tis/qu&aelig;">iugamentis/qu&aelig;</expan> <lb/>ad <expan abbr="teget&etilde;">tegetem</expan> &longs;int crates <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ternen&ttilde;">con&longs;ternentur</expan> illic uectes/pticas/hi&longs;taleas <lb/>uirgas/&longs;armenta/et <expan abbr="frond&etilde;/et">fronden/et</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;aginam&etilde;ta">&longs;aginamenta</expan> <expan abbr="bo&utilde;">boum</expan> et canabis et <lb/><expan abbr="lin&utilde;">linum</expan> rude/et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="collocab&utilde;&ttilde;">collocabuntur</expan>. <expan abbr="Quadruped&utilde;">Quadrupedum</expan> duo <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> ge <lb/>nera operarium ut bos iumentum/et <expan abbr="fructuari&utilde;">fructuarium</expan> ut porca pe <lb/>cus capra omneque armentum. De operariis prius quando <lb/>in&longs;trumenti poti&longs;&longs;imum loco &longs;int: mox de frutcuarii&longs;/ qu&aelig; <lb/>ad uilliei indu&longs;triam pertinent. Bubilia et equilia caueto ne <lb/>per <expan abbr="hiem&etilde;">hiemen</expan> &longs;int algida pr&aelig;&longs;epia con&longs;epito ne <expan abbr="pabul&utilde;">pabulum</expan> <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;ip&etilde;t">di&longs;&longs;ipent</expan> <lb/>Equis facito ex &longs;ublimi &longs;tramenta pendeant/ ut &longs;tantes &longs;ub 
<pb/>lata ceruice non &longs;ine adhibito innixu decarpant: fiant enim <lb/>ea re capite &longs;icciore/et &longs;capulis agilioribus contra <expan abbr="horde&utilde;">hordeum</expan> <lb/>et &longs;emina prebeto ut ex infima &longs;crob&aelig; hauriant: minus eni <lb/>ingurgitabunt intemperanter: et minus integra &longs;emina to <lb/><expan abbr="rab&utilde;t">rabunt</expan>: et pr&aelig;terea torulis pectoribusque reddentur firmiores <lb/>et robu&longs;tiores. Omnino prouidendum ne paries ad pr&aelig;&longs;epe <lb/>fronti aduer&longs;us &longs;it humectus: craneo e&longs;t equus tenui et hu <lb/>moris frigori&longs;que impatienti: eo fene&longs;tr&aelig; ne lun&aelig; radios ad/ <lb/>mittant caueto: album oculo inducit luna et tu&longs;&longs;im <expan abbr="grau&etilde;">grauem</expan> <lb/>et &longs;aucio pecori lun&aelig; radius pe&longs;tis e&longs;t. Eobus depre&longs;&longs;a poni <lb/>to qu&aelig; tacentes manducent. Focum &longs;i &longs;pectabunt iumenta <lb/>fient horrida: bos homnibus obiectis hilare&longs;cit. Mula ca <lb/>lenti tenebro&longs;oue habita loco in&longs;anit. Sunt qui <expan abbr="mul&atilde;">mulam</expan> putent <lb/>&longs;atis tecto opertam e&longs;&longs;e/&longs;i caput opertum &longs;it: c&aelig;teras partes <lb/>corporis aeri et frigori obiiciendas. Bobus pauimenta lapi <lb/>dea &longs;ub&longs;ternito ne ungul&aelig; illuui&aelig; putre&longs;cant. equis <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;">pauimen</expan> <lb/>ta &longs;ubfodito et liceis aut pluteis robu&longs;teis/fo&longs;&longs;am operito/ <lb/>ne urin&aelig; lutamentis commade&longs;cant et contrepidatu <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;">pauimen</expan> <lb/>ta atque unguem attritam reddat. Villici indu&longs;tria <expan abbr="uer&longs;abi&ttilde;">uer&longs;abitur</expan> <lb/>non in eo modo ut tantum ex agro colligat: uerum et in pri <lb/>mis exanimante quadrupede/alire/pi&longs;ce dicendum breui&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me. Armentaria &longs;epta loco &longs;icco et minime uligino&longs;o poni <lb/>eo &longs;olum eruderato et procliue ducito ut euerri facile po&longs;&longs;et <lb/>purum <expan abbr="fieri/part&itilde;">fieri/partim</expan> operito <expan abbr="ea/part&itilde;">ea/partim</expan> &longs;ub diuo &longs;inito hau&longs;ter no <lb/>ctu humectaue aura/ne pecus ptingat/ neue <expan abbr="nimi&utilde;">nimium</expan> alii infe <lb/>ftent <expan abbr="u&etilde;ti">uenti</expan> prouideto. Lepori <expan abbr="profundior&etilde;">profundiorem</expan> ad <expan abbr="aqu&atilde;">aquam</expan> u&longs;que parietem <lb/>lapide obducito <expan abbr="&qtilde;drato">quadrato</expan> area &longs;abulo ma&longs;culo locis plu&longs;culis <lb/>excreta cimolea tumulos excitato. Gallinis dato in cohorte <lb/>porticulum ad meridiem con&longs;per&longs;um plurimo puluere cine <lb/>ricio: &longs;upraque id <expan abbr="nidar&utilde;">nidarum</expan> adigito: et perticam ubi &longs;e noctu <lb/>colligant. Sunt qui gallinas magnis caueis loco haberi con <lb/>&longs;epto iubent qui orientem &longs;pectet. Sed qu&aelig; ouorum gratia <lb/>et prolis habeantur/ueluti libertate alachriores &longs;unt/ita et <lb/>foecundiores in umbra et conclu&longs;o exortum ouum di&longs;&longs;ipit. 
<pb/>Palumbariam &longs;ecundum aquam con&longs;picuam: et moderate <lb/>&longs;ublimen ponito: quo fo&longs;&longs;a uolitando ales: et ludens qua&longs;i <lb/>alarum pale&longs;tra et plau&longs;u: pronis alis labens gaudeat appel <lb/>lere. Sunt qui dicant <expan abbr="palumb&atilde;">palumbam</expan> de &longs;umpta ex aruo e&longs;ca: quo <lb/>plus ui&aelig; et laboris &longs;uos ad natos rediens pertulerit/ eo pul <lb/>los pleniores dare: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quod allata gurgite <expan abbr="&longs;em&itilde;a">&longs;emina</expan> quibu&longs; <lb/>prolem nutriat &longs;emicocta fecerit mora: eaque de re palumba <lb/>riam arduo in loco po&longs;itam probant: tum et forta&longs;&longs;is pre&longs;ta <lb/>re <expan abbr="arbitran&ttilde;">arbitrantur</expan> palumbariam longe habere ab aquis: ne oua pe <lb/>dibus madidis refrigerent. Ad turrim in angulis tinuncu <lb/>lum alitem &longs;i conclu&longs;eris/ab accipitrum <expan abbr="&itilde;iuria">iniuria</expan> fiet ille&longs;ior <lb/>Lupinum caput cimino a&longs;per&longs;um urceo conditum rimo&longs;o: <lb/>ut nidorem &longs;piret/ &longs;i intra aditum infoderis: fiet ut pluri <lb/>mus eo palumbus confluat: maiorum &longs;edibus relietis paui <lb/>mentum &longs;i excreta feceris et urina hominis iterum atque <expan abbr="iter&utilde;">iterum</expan> <lb/>a&longs;per&longs;eris/numerum adaugebit, pro fene&longs;tris coron&aelig; lapide&aelig; <lb/>aut tabul&aelig; oleagine&aelig; applicentur <expan abbr="promin&etilde;tes">prominentes</expan> <expan abbr="cubit&utilde;">cubitum</expan>: quo <lb/>&longs;e ales eue&longs;tibulo recipiat/et rur&longs;us euolet.</s>
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<s>Minores conclu&longs;&aelig; auicul&aelig; arborum atque celi pro&longs;pectu con <lb/>tabe&longs;cunt. Cubilia et areol&aelig; alitibus coaotabuntur locis te <lb/>pentibus, his uero qu&aelig; magis ambulent <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> uolent depre&longs; <lb/>&longs;a: et ip&longs;o in &longs;olo apponentur: ceteris demum altiora collo <lb/>cabuntur. &longs;ingula &longs;pondulis <expan abbr="cohercebun&ttilde;">cohercebuntur</expan> ouorum/ et pullici <lb/>norum continendorum gratia. Cubiculorum operibus &longs;utum <lb/>comodius calce/et calx gy<gap/>&longs;o. Lapis omnis rediuius noxi <lb/>us te&longs;ta utilior tofo&longs;i modice excocta &longs;it. materia ex popu <lb/>lo autabiete utilima. Alitibu&longs; omnibu&longs; &longs;tabula e&longs;&longs;e oportet <lb/>illu&longs;tria/pura/pura/munda/pre&longs;ertim palumbarum: quin <lb/>et quadrupede&longs; <expan abbr="&itilde;mundi&longs;&longs;ime">immundi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> accubet: &longs;caber fiet: ergo <expan abbr="fi&atilde;t">fiant</expan> <lb/>te&longs;tudinata/toti&longs; parietibu&longs; illita/et leuigata tectorio mar <lb/>morato: et diligenter <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> ob&longs;truantur: ne fele&longs;/mu&longs;/lacer <lb/>ta/et eiu&longs;modi nocu&aelig; be&longs;tiol&aelig;/oui&longs;/pulli&longs;: aut parietibu&longs; <lb/>&longs;int infe&longs;t&aelig;/addentur e&longs;cari&aelig; aquari&aelig;que. Ideo circa uillam <lb/><expan abbr="duce&ttilde;">ducetur</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a: qua an&longs;er/anax/et &longs;us/et bo&longs; prolui pro fundique
<pb/>po&longs;&longs;it: et ubi e&longs;cam &longs;umant curabitur: ut c&aelig;lo <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> pluuio <lb/>et turbato lauti&longs;&longs;imq fiant &longs;atur&aelig;. Alitum minorum &longs;tabulis <lb/>aquaria e&longs;cariaque conceptacula/circa parietem <expan abbr="adigen&ttilde;">adigentur</expan> ca <lb/>nalibus/ita ut nec di&longs;pergere nec fedare immi&longs;&longs;a ualeant. <lb/>Ex his fi&longs;tul&aelig; extrin&longs;ecus <expan abbr="pateb&utilde;t">patebunt</expan>: quibus uictus immi&longs;&longs;us <lb/>&longs;uppeditentur in medio lauacrum/quo abunde aqua <expan abbr="n&etilde;">nem</expan> im <lb/>pura infiuat. Pi&longs;cinam creto&longs;o in&longs;olo infundito/profundro <lb/>rem <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> ut &longs;olis radio uicta perferue&longs;cat/ aut gelet frigore <lb/>tum et cauernas circa latus aperito: quo etiam &longs;ubitis turba <lb/>tionibus tumultuans confugiat/ne animis de&longs;titutis conta <lb/>be&longs;cat/telluris &longs;uecu pi&longs;cis alitur/e&longs;tu acriore languet: ge <lb/>latu interimitur: meridianos ad &longs;oles &longs;oluitur alachritate. <lb/>Credunt luto&longs;as himbrium aquas/interdum excipi/ non in <lb/>commode/&longs;ed prim&aelig; po&longs;t caniculum <expan abbr="exclud&etilde;d&aelig;">excludend&aelig;</expan>: quod <expan abbr="&longs;api&atilde;t">&longs;apiant</expan> <lb/>calcem/pi&longs;cemque enecent: et dein<gap/>ps rar&aelig; immittend&aelig;/quod<lb/>fetenri mu&longs;co aquam/et pi&longs;cem letitudine inficiant: illud <lb/>curandum ut perennis in piret atque re&longs;piret aqua ex fon<gap/>e <lb/>f. uu<gap/>/lacu/mari. Sed de maritimis pi&longs;cinis amplius uete <lb/>res percommode monent &longs;ic limo&longs;a inquiunt regio planum <lb/>edicat pi&longs;cem: ut &longs;olcam/et conchilia hareuo&longs;a. c&aelig;teros pe <lb/>lag<gap/>os pa&longs;cit melius/ut auratus et dentices. Saxa turdos et <lb/>merulas/et qui inter &longs;a<gap/>a nati &longs;unt. Demum &longs;tagnum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>aiunt optimum pi&longs;cinis quod &longs;it po&longs;itum ut in&longs;equens ma <lb/>ris unda/priorem &longs;ubmoucat/nec intra con&longs;eptum &longs;inat re <lb/>manere <expan abbr="ueter&etilde;">ueterem</expan> <expan abbr="pigrulent&atilde;">pigrulentam</expan>. Minus cni cocale&longs;cere aquas du <lb/><expan abbr="c&utilde;t">cunt</expan> qu&aelig; &longs;en&longs;i <expan abbr="&itilde;nou&etilde;&ttilde;">innouentur</expan>. hactenus de <expan abbr="&itilde;du&longs;tria">indu&longs;tria</expan> uillici <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> <lb/>multis <gap/> rebus: &longs;ed <expan abbr="max&itilde;e">maxine</expan> qd facit ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> mo&longs;&longs;ibus fructibus <lb/>que <expan abbr="collig&etilde;dis">colligendis</expan> atque <expan abbr="e&otilde;d&etilde;dis">eondendis</expan> <expan abbr="proba&ttilde;">probatur</expan>. horum <expan abbr="gr&atilde;">gram</expan> <expan abbr="arc&atilde;">arcam</expan> <expan abbr="frum&etilde;tari&atilde;">frumentariam</expan> pa&longs; <lb/>&longs;e o<gap/>tet: &longs;olibus et <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> <expan abbr="patul&atilde;">patulam</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> logius a tegete de &quml; nup <lb/>diximus quo &longs;ubitis ob ortis nibis po<gap/>&longs;is &longs;eruitia collect<gap/><expan abbr="que&longs;pic&atilde;">que<lb/>&longs;picam</expan> leut <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> ad <expan abbr="opt&utilde;">optum</expan> &longs;ubducere. Vbi <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> facias &longs;ter <lb/>nito <expan abbr="&longs;ol&utilde;">&longs;olum</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ad <expan abbr="libell&atilde;/">libellan/</expan> &longs;ed leuiter <expan abbr="ca&longs;tigat&utilde;">ca&longs;tigatum</expan> et ofodito: po <lb/>&longs;tea amurca <gap/>pgito bene &longs;initoque cobibat po&longs;tca <expan abbr="c&otilde;minuito">comminuito</expan> <lb/>bene glebis deide chilidro aut palnicula coe&quml;to et paliculi&longs; <lb/>uerberato po&longs;tea dnuo amucra o&longs;pgito <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> aruerit neque mus 
<pb/>neque formica nidum faciet: neque lute&longs;cet: neque h&aelig;rba <lb/>na&longs;cetur. Creta huic operi plurimum afferet &longs;oliditatis. De <lb/>a&longs;criptitiorum tectis hactenus. Herilem uillam &longs;unt qui di/ <lb/>cant aliam &aelig;&longs;tiuam e&longs;&longs;e: aliam hibernam: atque &longs;ic diffini <lb/><gap/>nt: ut cubicula hiemis &longs;pectent brumalem orientem: cena <lb/>tio <expan abbr="&aelig;quinoctial&etilde;">&aelig;quinoctialem</expan> <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan>. Cubilia uero &aelig;&longs;tiua <expan abbr="meridi&etilde;">meridiem</expan>: <lb/>cenatio hibernum orientem: ambulatio ad <expan abbr="meridian&utilde;">meridianum</expan> &aelig;qui <lb/>noctium expo&longs;ita &longs;it. Sed ea nos pro coeli regioni&longs;que mo <lb/>do alibi atque alibi aliter habenda cen&longs;emu&longs;: quoad frigida <lb/>calidis: et uda &longs;iccis contemperentur. C&aelig;terum tecta inge <lb/>nuorum uelim occupent locum agri non feraci&longs;&longs;imum: &longs;ed <lb/>alioquin digni&longs;&longs;imum: unde omnis aur&aelig; &longs;olis a&longs;pectu&longs;que <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;moditas">commoditas</expan> et uoluptas liberrime capiatur/faciles ad &longs;e ex <lb/>agro porrigit aditus. Venientem <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&etilde;">ho&longs;pitem</expan> hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis ex <lb/>cipiet &longs;patiis: <expan abbr="&longs;pectabi&ttilde;">&longs;pectabitur</expan> &longs;pectabitque urbem/oppida/mare/ <lb/>fu&longs;amque planitiem/et nota collium montiumque capita/hor <lb/>torum delitia&longs;/pi&longs;cationum uenationumque illecebras &longs;ub ocu <lb/>lis habebit expo&longs;itas. Quomque uti diximus <expan abbr="&aelig;di&utilde;">&aelig;dium</expan> ptes ali&aelig; <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum: ali&aelig; plurimorum: ali&aelig; &longs;ingulorum &longs;int: in his qu&aelig; <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum &longs;unt imitabuntur. &aelig;des principum &longs;patia <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>pro foribus u&longs;urpabit ampli&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="curriculor&utilde;">curriculorum</expan> <expan abbr="eque&longs;tri&utilde;quecertaminum">eque&longs;triunque<lb/>certaminum</expan>: qu&aelig; iuuentutis iaculum et &longs;agittam <expan abbr="l&otilde;ge">longe</expan> exu <lb/>perentur. Intra fores itidem qu&aelig; plurimorum &longs;unt non de/ <lb/><expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> ambulationes/ge&longs;tationes/natationes/et are&aelig;/cum ui <lb/><expan abbr="r&etilde;tes/tum">rentes/tum</expan> &longs;icc&aelig;/et porticus/et emicycli: quibus ad graro&longs; <lb/>per brumam &longs;oles &longs;enes <expan abbr="confabul&etilde;tur">confabulentur</expan>: et familia diem agat <lb/>fe&longs;tum: &aelig;&longs;tate fruantur umbra. Atqui con&longs;tat quidem <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> &aelig;di <lb/>bu&longs;alia deberi famili&aelig;: alia rebus hi&longs; qu&aelig; famili&aelig; grata ha <lb/>beantur. Familiam con&longs;tituent uir et uxor liberi et <expan abbr="par&etilde;tes">parentes</expan> <lb/>et qui horum u&longs;u una diuer&longs;entur/ curatores/ mini&longs;tri/&longs;er <lb/>ui/tum et <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&etilde;">ho&longs;pitem</expan> familia non excludit. Famili&aelig; gratia ha <lb/>ben<gap/>a &longs;unt qu&aelig; ad <expan abbr="uict&utilde;/ut">uictun/ut</expan> e&longs;ca: et qu&aelig; ad u&longs;um/ut ue&longs;ti&longs;: <lb/>arma: libri: atque etiam equus. Omnium pars primaria ea <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>quam &longs;eu cauam &aelig;dium &longs;eu <expan abbr="atri&utilde;">atrium</expan> putes dici: nos &longs;inum ap 
<pb/>pellabimus/proxima ueniunt cenacula: &longs;ubinde habentur <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;ingulorum &longs;unt cubicula. Po&longs;trema exi&longs;tant concla/ <lb/>uia: reliqua ip&longs;is ex rebus note&longs;cunt. Itaque &longs;inus pars erit <lb/>primaria, in quam c&aelig;tera omnia minora membra ueluti in <lb/>publicum &aelig;dis forum confluant: ex qua ue non aditus mo <lb/>do commodi&longs;&longs;imus/uerum et luminum etiam commodita <lb/>tes apti&longs;&longs;ime importentur: hinc apparet &longs;inum quenque &longs;ibi <lb/>optare amplum <expan abbr="&longs;patium/apertum/dign&utilde;/promptum">&longs;patium/apertum/dignun/promptum</expan>. Sed <lb/>&longs;inu alii contenti uno &longs;unt: alii plures producere pro&longs;ecuti <lb/>&longs;unt: ho&longs;que aut quoque undique altis parietibus aut ptim <lb/>pr&aelig;altis/ partim humilioribus parietibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;clu&longs;ere">conclu&longs;ere</expan>. Et uo <lb/>luere alibi opertos e&longs;&longs;e tecto: alibi &longs;ub diuo: alibi ptim op <lb/>tos/partim nudos: alibi uno latere/alibi pluribus: alibi <expan abbr="o&itilde;">oim</expan> <lb/>bus lateribus porticum adiunxere: alibi in &longs;olo co&aelig;quan/ <lb/>dos: alibi &longs;ub t<gap/>&longs;tudinato po&longs;uere <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;to">pauimento</expan>. Circa h&aelig;c ni <lb/>hil plus dico/ni&longs;i ut <expan abbr="region&utilde;">regionum</expan> et tempe&longs;tatum et u&longs;us et <expan abbr="o&itilde;s">oins</expan> <lb/>commoditatis ratio adhibeatur: ita ut frigenti regione acer <lb/>bitas bore&aelig; et aeris &longs;olique horror: &aelig;&longs;tuo&longs;a autem &longs;ub pla/ <lb/>ga mole&longs;ti &longs;oles excludantur: coeli &longs;piritus grati&longs;&longs;imus ad <lb/>mictatur: et lucis <expan abbr="iuc&utilde;di&longs;&longs;im&aelig;">iucundi&longs;&longs;im&aelig;</expan> quantum par &longs;it copia omni <lb/>ex parte influat: prouidebiturque nequid abuligine &longs;oli no <lb/>xium in&longs;udans officiat: nequid ue ex &longs;uperioribus deuolu <lb/>ti nimbi obliment. Patebitque in medium &longs;inum aditus et <lb/>ue&longs;tibulum hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imus minime arctus: minime arduus: <lb/>minime oh&longs;curus: aderitque primario obtutu religioni di/ <lb/>catum &longs;acrarium cum ara propalam: quo loci ingre&longs;&longs;us ho <lb/>&longs;pes religionem ineat amiciti&aelig; et domum: p. f. <expan abbr="repet&etilde;s">repetens</expan> pa <lb/>cem a &longs;uperis et &longs;uorum tranquillitatem po&longs;cat: i&longs;toc &longs;alu/ <lb/>tantes amplexabitur: &longs;iqua crunt arbitria de con&longs;ilio pen&longs;i <lb/>tabit amicorum et huiu&longs;modi. Cum his conuenient &longs;pecu/ <lb/>laria fene&longs;trarum: meniani porticus: quibus una &longs;pectandi <lb/>cum uoluptate et &longs;oles et auras prout tempora po&longs;tulabunt <lb/>hauriant. Hibernis inquit Martialis obiecta noctis &longs;pecu/ <lb/>laria &longs;oles Admittunt puros/ et &longs;ine fece diem. Et <expan abbr="portic&utilde;">porticum</expan> 
<pb/>ueteres ad meridiem ponendam cen&longs;uere/ quod &aelig;&longs;tate &longs;ol &longs;ub <lb/>limiore <expan abbr="ambi&etilde;s">ambiens</expan> cyclo non <expan abbr="&itilde;mittat">immittat</expan> radios: hieme &longs;ubimmit <lb/>rat. Montium pro&longs;pectus qui &longs;unt ad meridiem quod ea parte <lb/>qua &longs;pectantur umbra operti &longs;int: quod que <expan abbr="alb&etilde;te">albente</expan> eius coeli ua <lb/>pore caligantes reddantur non u&longs;que iucundos pr&aelig;bent/&longs;i <lb/>longe oi&longs;tent. At <expan abbr="&longs;id&etilde;">&longs;idem</expan> proximiores et qua&longs;i in caput incum <lb/>bentes &longs;i &longs;int/pruino&longs;as pr&aelig;bent noctes et umbras pr&aelig;geli/ <lb/>das: alioquin ex propinquo grati&longs;&longs;imi: et quod hau&longs;tros inter <lb/>cludant commodi&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt. Pro <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trione">&longs;eptentrione</expan> proximus <expan abbr="m&otilde;s">mons</expan> <lb/>radium &longs;olis remittens uaporem adauget: di&longs;tans uero et pro<lb/>cul po&longs;itus lati&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> aeris puritate qu&aelig; &longs;ub ea coe <lb/>li plaga perpetuo &longs;erena uiget et &longs;olis fulgore quo <expan abbr="perf&utilde;di">perfundi</expan> <lb/>tur/illu&longs;tris et mirifice &longs;pectatus redditur. Sub&longs;olam mon <lb/>tes proximi frigentes horas anticulanas occidui <expan abbr="rorul&atilde;tem">rorulantem</expan> <lb/>auroram pr&aelig;bent: ambo ex medio interuallo fe&longs;tiui&longs;&longs;imi. <lb/>Itidem et flumina et lacus: neque <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> commoda <expan abbr="nimi&utilde;">nimium</expan> pro <lb/>pinqua/neque &longs;unt iucunda/ubi nimium di&longs;tent. At cotra <lb/>mare ex mediocri &longs;patio &longs;oles impuros flat: ex proximo mi <lb/>nus ledit/quando &aelig;quabiliore per&longs;eueret aere. Ex longin <lb/>quo illud in&longs;uper ad <expan abbr="grati&atilde;">gratiam</expan> confert quod de&longs;iderium ciet &longs;ui. <lb/>Tamen intere&longs;t qua coeli parte &longs;e&longs;e o&longs;tentet. nam patens a <lb/>meridie adurit mare: &longs;ub oriente humectat: ad occidentem <lb/>caligat: ex <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trione">&longs;eptentrione</expan> pr&aelig;friget. Ex &longs;inu dabitur in cenacu <lb/>la ingre&longs;&longs;us. Ea erunt pro u&longs;us nece&longs;&longs;itare alia &aelig;&longs;tiua alia <lb/>hiberna/alia ut ita loquar/medioxuma. Ae&longs;tiuis cenaculis <lb/>aquam <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis et hortorum uiridia po&longs;cunt: hibernis tepo <lb/>rem et focum. In utri&longs;que amplitudo/hilaritas atque lautities <lb/>optatur. Sunt <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> quibus facile p&longs;uadeas focos apud <lb/>maiores fui&longs;&longs;e non quales habere a&longs;&longs;ueuimus. Et fumant in <lb/>quit ille culmina tecti. Id pr&aelig;ter ethruriam et galliam ad <lb/>h&aelig;c u&longs;que tempora ob&longs;eruatum per uniuer&longs;am italiam uide/ <lb/>mus/ut null&aelig; haberentur fumi ex rectis gul&aelig;. Triclin<gap/>s <lb/>arebat Vitrurius hibernis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> e&longs;t utilis camerarum coronario <lb/>ope &longs;ubtilis ornatus quod ab ignis fumo et crebris fuliginibus 
<pb/>corrumpantur. Quin et cameram &longs;upra focum atramento <lb/>illinibant: ut atrum id pictura inductum pro fumo uideretur <lb/>Alibi reperic lignis uti &longs;olitos purgatis <gap/>&longs;queut fumo e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>immunes: qu&aelig; cocta nuncupabantur: eiu&longs;que rei gratia in <lb/>lignorum appellatione iuri&longs;con&longs;ultos cocta non uenire cen&longs;u <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e: ut po&longs;&longs;is arbitrari focis u&longs;os mobilibus ex &aelig;re ferro ue <lb/>prout cuiu&longs;que res et dignitas po&longs;tulabat. Et forta&longs;&longs;is ca/ <lb/>&longs;tren&longs;e id genus hominum/et duratum militia/uti ad <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> <lb/>omnes erant foco minus utebantur. Neque <expan abbr="conced&utilde;t">concedunt</expan> phy&longs;ici <lb/>ut a&longs;&longs;idue multo utamur igne. Aiebat Ari&longs;toteles carnium <lb/>&longs;oliditatem in animante con&longs;tare a frigore. Et notarunt qui <lb/>i&longs;ta profitentur fabros qui officinis ignariis <expan abbr="exerce&atilde;tur">exerceantur</expan> fer <lb/>me omnes uultu et cute admodum rugo&longs;a et cri&longs;pa reddi: <lb/>idque fieri ea re <expan abbr="atte&longs;ian&ttilde;">atte&longs;iantur</expan> quod cloacas gelu planitudines et &longs;ue <lb/>cus quo caro fiat <expan abbr="collique&ttilde;">colliquetur</expan> igne: atque uaporibus euane&longs;cat. <lb/>Apud germanos et cholco&longs; alibi ue ubi ignium auxilio con <lb/>tra rigores <expan abbr="frigor&utilde;">frigorum</expan> opus e&longs;t concalefacto utuntur conclaui: <lb/>de quo &longs;uo dicetur loco. Ad focum iedeamus. Sunt qu&aelig; ad <lb/>foci u&longs;um pertineant h&aelig;c: ut promptus extet: ut plures una <lb/>foueat: luminis habeat &longs;atis: uentorum nihil: habebit tamen <lb/>qua re&longs;piret &longs;umus: alicquin non <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;cenderet">con&longs;cenderet</expan>. Ergo non in <lb/>angulum: non multo intra parietem cogetur: non <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> pri <lb/>mores conuiuarum men&longs;as occupabit. Apertionum flabris <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>uexabitur: imis faucibus ex pariete haud multo promine/ <lb/>bit: gula erit capaci: et a dextris ad &longs;ini&longs;tram lata: excitata <lb/>ad perpendiculum: procera quoad toto &longs;ummo capitulo fa <lb/>&longs;tigia omnia excellat. Id quidem certe propter incendiorum<lb/>pericula: tum etiam ne uentus offen&longs;is tectorum obiicibus un <lb/>das aereas inglomeret: ac uerticibus fumos retardet atque re <lb/>tundat: fumus &longs;ponte &longs;ua imbuto calore <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;dit">con&longs;cendit</expan>: &longs;ed inde <lb/><expan abbr="fl&atilde;marum">flammarum</expan> et foci caloribus acceleratius propellitur. Gula igi <lb/>tur camini exceptus ueluti fi&longs;tula coharcetur: impetuque &longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="cund&atilde;ti&utilde;">cundantium</expan> flammarum non &longs;ecus atque &longs;onus ex tuba truditur. <lb/>Par igitur uti in tuba &longs;i nimium lata e&longs;t &longs;urde&longs;cit aere obin 
<pb/>uer&longs;o: &longs;ic fumus. <expan abbr="S&utilde;mi">Summi</expan> capituli uertex <expan abbr="tege&ttilde;">tegetur</expan> <expan abbr="obibr&etilde;">obibrem</expan>: naribu&longs; <lb/>fietque propatuli&longs; et <expan abbr="circ&utilde;fu&longs;i&longs;">circunfu&longs;i&longs;</expan> pre&longs;eptis tame <expan abbr="alam&etilde;to">alamento</expan> quo uenti <lb/>mole&longs;tia <expan abbr="abarcea&ttilde;">abarceatur</expan>. Inter <expan abbr="alam&etilde;ta">alamenta</expan> et nares laxatas <expan abbr="relinque&ttilde;">relinquetur</expan> ad <lb/>euomendos fumi fluuios. Id ubi non licet: uertulam appello: <lb/><expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="erect&utilde;">erectum</expan> in <expan abbr="ac&utilde;">acum</expan> apponi uelim. ea <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> cap&longs;is &aelig;nea lata quoad <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;">&longs;um</expan> <lb/>mas gul&aelig; fauces intra &longs;e capiat. Stabit huic proiecta pro <expan abbr="fr&otilde;te">fronte</expan> cri <lb/>&longs;ta qua ueluti temone acta <expan abbr="lace&longs;&longs;&etilde;tibus">lace&longs;&longs;entibus</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> iuertat occiput. <lb/><expan abbr="C&otilde;modi&longs;&longs;ime">Commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> capitulis <expan abbr="gular&utilde;">gularum</expan> <expan abbr="circ&utilde;appon&etilde;&ttilde;">circunapponentur</expan> cornua &aelig;nea aut <lb/>ex ope fictili <expan abbr="&atilde;plo">amplo</expan> et apto uacuo puia ore &longs;upremo ad <expan abbr="gul&atilde;">gulam</expan> ip <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;&atilde;">&longs;am</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;uer&longs;o">conuer&longs;o</expan>: qua hau&longs;tos bucca iferiore fumos &longs;uprema euomat <lb/>inuitis <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan>. C&aelig;naculis <expan abbr="debe&ttilde;">debetur</expan> coquina et cella ob&longs;onaria ubi <lb/>reliqas c&aelig;n&aelig; et ua&longs;a et <expan abbr="m&atilde;tilia">mantilia</expan> <expan abbr="refer&atilde;&ttilde;">referantur</expan>. Coquina neque <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="gremi&utilde;">gremium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="c&otilde;uiuarum">conuiuarum</expan> habenda e&longs;t/neque porro <expan abbr="l&etilde;gius">lengius</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;emou&etilde;da">&longs;emouenda</expan> quoad qu&aelig; <lb/>calida conuiuiis <expan abbr="exig&utilde;tur">exiguntur</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;teruenrend&utilde;">interuenrendum</expan> <expan abbr="refrige&longs;c&atilde;t">refrige&longs;cant</expan>: &longs;at erit &longs;i <lb/>lixarum, patellarum cortinarum &longs;trepitus et feditas <expan abbr="exclude&ttilde;">excludetur</expan>. Fercu <lb/><expan abbr="lor&utilde;">lorum</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;portationes">comportationes</expan> ne imber aut <expan abbr="ition&utilde;">itionum</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;grati">ingrati</expan> anfractus aut lo <lb/><expan abbr="cor&utilde;">corum</expan> ob&longs;cenitas <expan abbr="&itilde;pediat">impediat</expan>: ne ue ab his digniora <expan abbr="dehone&longs;ten&ttilde;">dehone&longs;tentur</expan> <expan abbr="prouidebi&ttilde;">pro<lb/>uidebitur</expan>. Ex cenaculis cubicula <expan abbr="pet&utilde;tur">petuntur</expan>. Lauti&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> uti cena <lb/>cula <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> babere &aelig;&longs;tate atque bruma. Venit in <expan abbr="ment&etilde;">mentem</expan> illud <lb/>Luculli. <expan abbr="Ingenu&utilde;">Ingenuum</expan> <expan abbr="homin&etilde;">hominem</expan> deteriore <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> &longs;orte <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> grues atque hirun <lb/>dines e&longs;&longs;e no oportere. Nos <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> qu&aelig; in quibu&longs;que bene mode <lb/>rati ratio <expan abbr="c&otilde;probet">comprobet</expan> referamus. Ex Aemilio probo hi&longs;torico &longs;oli <lb/>tos memini apud gr&aelig;cos <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ni&longs;i <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;uiuiis">conuiuiis</expan> <expan abbr="prop&itilde;quorum">propinquorum</expan> uxores <lb/>adhibere: et ptes <expan abbr="&aelig;di&utilde;">&aelig;dium</expan> ubi &longs;ederent mulieres qua&longs;da e&longs;&longs;e: quo <lb/>pr&aelig;ter cognatos <expan abbr="prop&itilde;quiores">propinquiores</expan> <expan abbr="h&otilde;">hom</expan> accederet nemo. Et profecto <lb/>ubi <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="cogru&atilde;t">cogruant</expan> muliere&longs; loca e&longs;&longs;e oportere arbitror <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ecu&longs; <lb/>atque dicata religioni et ca&longs;timoni&aelig;: <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> et lauta ueli <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;m&otilde;i">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ignari puellis et uirginibus diuer&longs;oria: quo molliculi <expan abbr="earuma&itilde;">earum<lb/>aim</expan> <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;m&otilde;i">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;claui">conclaui</expan> minore <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> tedio &longs;ui &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;tine&atilde;t">contineant</expan>. Matro <lb/>na utilius illic a&longs;&longs;idebit unde qu&aelig; qui&longs;que domi agat <expan abbr="&itilde;telligat">intelligat</expan>. <lb/>Sed nos qu&aelig; ad patrio&longs; euiu&longs;que mores <expan abbr="condic&atilde;t">condicant</expan> &longs;equamur. Vi <lb/>ro atque uxori dormitio &longs;ingulis &longs;ingula <expan abbr="debe&ttilde;">debetur</expan>: <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> id <expan abbr="m&otilde;">mom</expan> ut ptu <lb/><expan abbr="ri&etilde;s">riens</expan> aut malfata mulier mole&longs;ta uiro <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;it: uerum et &aelig;&longs;tiuos <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;&otilde;nos">&longs;onnos</expan> ille&longs;iores peragat/cui lubuerit/&longs;ua cuique aderit ianua et 
<pb/>pr&aelig;ter id <expan abbr="c&otilde;mune">commune</expan> aderit po&longs;ticulum: quo mut<gap/>o &longs;e po&longs;&longs;it pe <lb/>tere &longs;ine interprete. Sub u<gap/>oris conclaue ue&longs;tiaria &longs;ub uiri li <lb/>braria cella comparabitur. Parens &aelig;tate f<gap/>&longs;&longs;a quod occio et quie <lb/>te indigeat dormitionem habebit tepentem, obtectam &longs;<gap/> <expan abbr="ot&atilde;">otam</expan> <lb/>ab omni familie atque exter norum &longs;trepitu. Habebit <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis <lb/>foculi letitiam/et qu&aelig; alia ualitudinar<gap/> <expan abbr="exig&utilde;t">exigunt</expan> animi et cor <lb/>poris gratia. Huius &longs;ub <expan abbr="c&otilde;claui">conclaui</expan> argentaria crit cella. In hac <lb/>libert mares <expan abbr="adole&longs;c&etilde;tuli">adole&longs;centuli</expan>. In ue&longs;tiaria uirgines puell&aelig;. In pro <lb/>ximo nutrices <expan abbr="pnoctab&utilde;t">pnoctabunt</expan>. Ho&longs;pitem collocabimu&longs; <expan abbr="&aelig;di&utilde;">&aelig;dium</expan> parte <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;it pro xima ad ue&longs;tibulum: quo &longs;e &longs;ui liberius &longs;alutatores <lb/><expan abbr="ade&atilde;t">adeant</expan>: et <expan abbr="ramili&atilde;">ramiliam</expan> <expan abbr="reliqu&atilde;">reliquam</expan> minus <expan abbr="&longs;ollicit&etilde;">&longs;ollicitem</expan>. Pr&aelig;textati libere e <lb/>regione aut <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="l&otilde;ge">longe</expan> ab ho&longs;pite diu<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;abun&ttilde;">&longs;abuntur</expan> familiaritatis <expan abbr="fru&etilde;">fruem</expan> <lb/>d&aelig; et fo<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;d&aelig;">end&aelig;</expan> gratia. <expan abbr="Subc&etilde;claue">Subcenclaue</expan> habebit ho&longs;pes: ubi &longs;ecretiora <lb/>et cariora <expan abbr="c&etilde;dat">cendat</expan>: atque ad <expan abbr="arbitri&utilde;">arbitrium</expan> reclu&longs;us repetat. Pr&aelig;textato <lb/>erit <expan abbr="&longs;ubc&otilde;claue">&longs;ubconclaue</expan> celia armamentaria. Curatores mini&longs;tri &longs;erui <lb/>ab <expan abbr="&itilde;genuorum">ingenuorum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;mertiis">cemmertiis</expan> ita <expan abbr="&longs;egregab&utilde;&ttilde;">&longs;egregabuntur</expan>: ut pro coiu&longs;que officio de <lb/><expan abbr="c&etilde;s">cens</expan> et patus locus <expan abbr="attribua&ttilde;">attribuatur</expan>. Ancill&aelig; et cubicularii &longs;uis <expan abbr="c&otilde;mi&longs;">commi&longs;</expan> <lb/>&longs;i locis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="l&otilde;gius">longius</expan> <expan abbr="aber&utilde;t">aberunt</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut <expan abbr="ext&etilde;plo">extemplo</expan> audire: et pre&longs;to ad <expan abbr="mb&etilde;">mbem</expan> <lb/>tis <expan abbr="&itilde;pia">impia</expan> po&longs;&longs;int e&longs;&longs;e. Curator triclinir ad <expan abbr="uinari&atilde;">uinariam</expan> <expan abbr="cell&atilde;">cellam</expan> et pen<gap/><lb/><expan abbr="adit&utilde;">aditum</expan> po&longs;&longs;idebit. Quadrupedum curatores pro &longs;tabulis accuba <lb/><expan abbr="b&utilde;t">bunt</expan>. heriles eq a dor&longs;uariis <expan abbr="&longs;egregab&utilde;&ttilde;">&longs;egregabuntur</expan>: <expan abbr="habebun&ttilde;que">habebunturque</expan> leco unde <lb/>fetoribus domu aut inter &longs;e rixa no offendant: aut <expan abbr="igni&utilde;">ignium</expan> ca&longs;u <lb/>q<gap/><expan abbr="ippi&atilde;">ippiam</expan> ob&longs;it. <expan abbr="Tritic&utilde;">Triticum</expan> &longs;emenque <expan abbr="o&etilde;">oem</expan> marce&longs;cit humore: palle <lb/>&longs;cit &aelig;&longs;tu: <expan abbr="attenua&ttilde;">attenuatur</expan> afflictu: calcis <expan abbr="c&otilde;tactu">contactu</expan> <expan abbr="uitia&ttilde;">uitiatur</expan>. Ergo ubi uis <lb/><expan abbr="cond&etilde;d&utilde;">condendum</expan> duxeris &longs;eu <expan abbr="&longs;pel&utilde;cis/&longs;eu">&longs;peluncis/&longs;eu</expan> puteis &longs;eu tabulato/&longs;eu nu <lb/>de <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> &longs;olo <expan abbr="aceruat&utilde;/curato">aceruatun/curato</expan> ut <expan abbr="habea&ttilde;">habeatur</expan> loco &longs;icci&longs;&longs;imo et penitus <lb/><expan abbr="rec&etilde;ti">recenti</expan>. Fui&longs;&longs;e apud &longs;ibolim repta <expan abbr="frum&etilde;ta">frumenta</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;tegra">integra</expan> po&longs;t <expan abbr="ann&utilde;">annum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="te&longs;im&utilde;/a">te&longs;imun/a</expan> quo effo&longs;&longs;a fuerint te&longs;tis <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> lo&longs;ephus. <expan abbr="S&utilde;t">Sunt</expan> q hordea ca <lb/>lenti loco <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> uitiari putent: po&longs;t <expan abbr="ann&utilde;">annum</expan> ocius <expan abbr="uitian&ttilde;">uitiantur</expan>. <expan abbr="Affirm&atilde;t">Affirmant</expan> <lb/>phy&longs;ici humido pari corpora ut <expan abbr="corr&utilde;pan&ttilde;">corrumpantur</expan>: calido fieri ut cor <lb/><expan abbr="r&utilde;pantur">rumpantur</expan>. <expan abbr="Lut&utilde;">Lutum</expan> ex amurca atque argilla <expan abbr="c&otilde;macerat&utilde;">commaceratum</expan> &longs;parto aut <lb/>paleis tritis ualde <expan abbr="&longs;ubact&utilde;">&longs;ubactum</expan> &longs;i granario <expan abbr="induxeris/h&etilde;bis">induxeris/hembis</expan> grana <lb/>&longs;olidiora et fumiora: et &longs;eruabis diutius/et curculio non noce <lb/>bit: et formic&aelig; no <expan abbr="faci&etilde;t">facient</expan> furta. Qu&aelig; horrea <expan abbr="&longs;emin&utilde;">&longs;eminum</expan> cau&longs;a fiant 
<pb/>crudo ex latere pr&aelig;&longs;tabunt. Seminibus atque etiam fructi <lb/>bus condititiis borea&longs; <expan abbr="u&etilde;tus">uentus</expan> amicior e&longs;t hau&longs;tro: et ablo/ <lb/>cis humectis &longs;pirante aura/quauis pertabe&longs;cunt gurgulio/ <lb/>ne/uermeque refunduntur. Tum et ptinaci atque immodico <lb/>quouis uento redduntur uieta leguminibu&longs; pr&aelig;&longs;ertim tabi&longs; <lb/>horreum cinere atque amurca cru&longs;tato. Poma in tabulato <lb/>occlu&longs;i&longs;&longs;imo atque gelido habeto. Vtribus turgefactis poma <lb/>&longs;eruari integrum per annum putabat Ari&longs;toteles. Aeris in <lb/>con&longs;tantia omnia conficiuntur: ea re omnes arcebuntur fla <lb/>tus. Quin etiam ex aquilone ferunt poma rugis deturpari. <lb/>Cellam uinariam <expan abbr="&longs;ubterrane&atilde;">&longs;ubterraneam</expan> et conclu&longs;am probant: <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <lb/>ut uina &longs;unt qu&aelig; umbra langue&longs;cant. Ventis omnibus qui <lb/>a &longs;ub&longs;olano meridie ab occa&longs;u ueniant pr&aelig;&longs;ertim bruma et <lb/>uere uinum pertactum perturbatur: ad canicul&aelig; autem &longs;y <lb/>dus etiam borea commouetur: &longs;olis radio are&longs;cit: luna he <lb/>be&longs;cit: motu frace&longs;cit atque <expan abbr="el&atilde;gue&longs;cit">elangue&longs;cit</expan>: odoris rapax e&longs;t ui <lb/>num: fetore eneruatur et &longs;oluitur: &longs;icco et gelido tenoreque<lb/>uno per&longs;eueranti annos perfert. Vinum inquit Columella <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> diu frigidum erit: tam diu recte manebit. Cellam iccir/ <lb/>co uinariam in loco ponito &longs;tabili: et a carrorum concu&longs;&longs;u <lb/>immuni: eorum latus et lumina a &longs;ub&longs;olano in <expan abbr="aquilon&etilde;">aquilonem</expan> ob <lb/>uertito. Sordes et male odorata <expan abbr="om&itilde;a/uligo/cra&longs;&longs;us">omina/uligo/cra&longs;&longs;us</expan> uapor <lb/>fumus, horti <expan abbr="&longs;piram&etilde;ta/ex">&longs;piramenta/ex</expan> cepe/bra&longs;&longs;ica/fico/caprifico ex <lb/>purgato/longe abigi: o/penitus excludito: &longs;olum cell&aelig; pa <lb/>uimento &longs;ubdiuali <expan abbr="&longs;ternito/&itilde;">&longs;ternito/im</expan> medio lacunulam deprimito: <lb/>qua &longs;i quid dolii uitio effu&longs;um &longs;it colligas. Sunt qui opere <lb/>cementitio et muratili dolia faciant. At dolia quo capacio <lb/>ra/eo uinum erit acrius et &longs;crtius. Olearia calentes <expan abbr="am&atilde;t">amant</expan> <lb/>umbras: odere auras frigidas: tum et fumo atque fuligine <lb/>inficiuntur. Impura illa <expan abbr="pretermitt&atilde;&ttilde;/quod">pretermittantur/quod</expan> aiunt &longs;terquil <lb/>linia habenda alia ubi nouum &longs;tercus/alia ubi uctus <expan abbr="c&otilde;das">condas</expan>. <lb/>Humecto gaudere &longs;ole/et <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> exinaniri. Hoc &longs;it ad rem <lb/>qu&aelig; ignes metuant ut fenile: et qu&aelig; con&longs;pectu atque odora 
<pb/>tu terra &longs;unt ablgantur et <expan abbr="ableg&etilde;tur">ablegentur</expan>. Robu&longs;teo &longs;terquilinio <lb/>&longs;erpens non orietur. Hoc pr&aelig;tereundum non <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;eo">cen&longs;eo</expan>. Nam <lb/>quid hoc mali e&longs;t <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> agro &longs;terquillinia ponimus loco abdito <lb/>atque exclu&longs;o, nequid familiam ru&longs;ticam offendat fetori <lb/>bus &longs;ub rectis uero et prope &longs;ub puluinari cellis primariis: <lb/>quibus alioquin integras captamus quietes: laterinas habe <lb/>re priuatas hoc <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> apothecas <expan abbr="pe&longs;til&etilde;ti&longs;&longs;imi">pe&longs;tilenti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> fetoris uolumus. <lb/>Si egrotabit trulla et ua&longs;culo commodius utetur. Bene <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> <lb/>ualentibus quid ni abigendam i&longs;tanc nau&longs;eam ducas <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ui <lb/>deo. Et &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e liceat cum c&aelig;teras alites tum <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis hi/ <lb/>rundines quantope curent pullos habere &longs;uos nido <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> <lb/>fedo. Mirum quid moneat natura. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> et pulliculi cum pri <lb/>mum per &aelig;tatem firmatis <expan abbr="m&etilde;bris">membris</expan> licet <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ni&longs;i ex nido onus <lb/>uentris deiiciunt, ad&longs;unt et parentes: qui quidem quo lon/ <lb/>gius feditatem <expan abbr="abig&atilde;t">abigant</expan> ro&longs;tro pullorum &longs;ege&longs;tionem aere ea <lb/>dentem excipiunt atqu: a&longs;portant. Natur&aelig; igitur bene ad/ <lb/>monenti <expan abbr="par&etilde;dum">parendum</expan> cen&longs;eo. Sed uilla et urbana locupletiorum<lb/>diuer&longs;oria inter &longs;e hoc differunt: quod fortunatis uilla <expan abbr="&aelig;&longs;tiu&utilde;">&aelig;&longs;tiuum</expan> <lb/>diuer&longs;orium e&longs;t/uibanis tectis ad brumas commodiu&longs; tole <lb/>randas utuntur. Inde adeo ex agro omnem lucis/aur&aelig;/&longs;pa <lb/>tii/pro&longs;pectu&longs;que amenitatem captant/ex urbe umbratiles <lb/>et molliores delitias &longs;equuntur. Sat iccirco <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> &longs;i qu&aelig; ad <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> <lb/>ciuilem oportuna &longs;unt/intra urbem cum dignitate et &longs;alu/ <lb/>britate pr&aelig;&longs;tantur: quoad tamen locorum angu&longs;ti&aelig; et lumi <lb/>nis copia patietur: omnem &longs;ibi uill&aelig; amenitatem atque <expan abbr="iuc&utilde;">iucum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ditat&etilde;">ditatem</expan> &aelig;des urban&aelig; arripient. <expan abbr="Habeb&utilde;t">Habebunt</expan> quidem pr&aelig;ter la&longs;&longs;i <lb/>tatem &longs;inus/etiam <expan abbr="porticum/ambulation&etilde;/ge&longs;tationem/">porticum/ambulationen/ge&longs;tationem/</expan> <lb/>atque hortorum delitias et eiu&longs;modi. Sin id minus licebit <lb/>co&aelig;quabili in &longs;olo etiam &aelig;dificationibus alteris in alteras <lb/>&longs;uperadactis iu&longs;ta membrorum &longs;patia comparabuntur. Na <lb/>tura loci permittente &longs;ubterranea infedieutur quibus liq da <lb/>ligna &aelig;que &longs;eruitia colloces: in ha&longs;ce hone&longs;tiora &longs;upera di <lb/>ficabuntur. Atqui addentur etiam <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> ha&longs;ce <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> alter&aelig; &longs;i opus 
<pb/>&longs;it &aelig;di&longs;icationes: quoad famili&aelig; u&longs;ibus abunde <expan abbr="proui&longs;&utilde;">proui&longs;um</expan> &longs;it. <lb/>Primis u&longs;ibus prim&aelig;: dignioribus digniores partes di&longs;tri/ <lb/>buentur. Demum curabitur ut &longs;int parata di&longs;cretaque locai <lb/>quibus cum me&longs;&longs;em fructu&longs; ue/tum in&longs;trumenta omni&longs;que <lb/>nenique &longs;uperlectilis a&longs;&longs;eruetur. Non deerit/ubi ad res di <lb/>uinas: ubi ue mundum muliebre/ et qu&aelig; ad &longs;e&longs;tes dies: et <lb/>qu&aelig; ad uirilem ornatum &longs;olennium dierum: et ubi arma atque<lb/>t&aelig;la et ubi qu&aelig; ad lanificia: et ubi ad epulationes/et ho&longs;pi <lb/>tum aduentum: et qu&aelig; ad rara temporum negocia annume <lb/>rata ad&longs;criptaque &longs;eruentur. Alibi quod men&longs;truum: alibi <lb/>quod anuum: alibi quod ad u&longs;us debetur quotidianos: qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ingula &longs;ub conclaui ubi e&longs;&longs;e non <expan abbr="poterunt/curand&utilde;">poterunt/curandum</expan> e&longs;t ma <lb/>xime ut &longs;int &longs;ub con&longs;pectu: eo id magis quo in rariore futu <lb/>ra &longs;unt u&longs;u. Nam qu&aelig; res quotidie uidetur/ca plane minu&longs; <lb/>metuet <expan abbr="fur&etilde;">furem</expan>. Tenuiorum &aelig;dificationes q<gap/>m ferut facultates <lb/>ex locupletiorum lautitie &longs;ibi exempla uendicabunt: qu&aelig; <lb/>imitentur: hac adhibita moderatione ut emolumenti ratio <lb/>nes po&longs;t hab<gap/>i&longs;&longs;e nunquam uelint uoluptati. Ergo i&longs;torum <lb/>uilla <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> multo minus pro&longs;piciet bour et gregi q uxori. Vo <lb/>let palumbariam pi&longs;cinam et eiu&longs;moi ad fructum <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ad de <lb/>litias: parabit tamen uillam meliu&longs;cule: quo materfamilias <lb/>illic lubentius uer&longs;ari: et rem dome&longs;ticam diligenter cura <lb/>re a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cat. neque tantum utilitati fiuceuique pro&longs;piciet: <lb/>quin <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis ualituoini con&longs;ulat. Vbi aerem mutare opus <lb/>&longs;it per hiemem id facias monebat Cellus: minus enim cum <lb/>periculo bruma graue perferre c&aelig;lum a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cimus/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &aelig;&longs;ta <lb/>te. At nos uillam &aelig;&longs;tate poti&longs;&longs;imum petimus. Curandum <lb/>igitur/ut &longs;it illa quidem longe &longs;aluberrima. Intra urbem <lb/>&longs;ub &aelig;dibus tabernam qu&aelig;&longs;tuariam habere &qgrave; triclinium ap <lb/>paratiorem: id demum ad &longs;uas &longs;pes et cupiditates coducere <lb/>aroitrabitur: captabitque in triuio angulum: in foro fron/ <lb/><gap/>: intra militarem uiam per&longs;picuum reflexum: neque alia <lb/>ferme &longs;ollicitus erit <expan abbr="cura/&qtilde;">cura/quae</expan> ut expo&longs;itis uenalium illece <lb/>bris aucupetur. Inte&longs;tinis operibus non indecenter utetur <gap/>
<pb/>crudo latere craticiis: creta acerato materia. In extimis <lb/>autem illud putabit non perpetuo dari: ut uicino frugi et <lb/>commodo utatur: ea re circuet domum pariere contia ho/ <lb/>minum ac temporum iniurias firmiore: uiculo&longs;que conter <lb/>minales aut ita ponet latos: ut aura mature <expan abbr="&longs;iccen&ttilde;">&longs;iccentur</expan>: ant ita <lb/>ponet arctos ut uno canali amborum &longs;tillicidiorum efflu/ <lb/>uia excipiantur atque <expan abbr="deuom&atilde;tur">deuomantur</expan>. Inter pluuiares i&longs;<gap/>iu&longs;n o <lb/>di uiculi ae multo magis canales ip&longs;i multo <expan abbr="fa&longs;tigiab&utilde;tur">fa&longs;tigiabuntur</expan>: <lb/>ne re&longs;ideat aqua: neue refundatur: &longs;ed confe&longs;tim expurge/ <lb/>tur uia <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri po&longs;&longs;it breui&longs;&longs;ima. C&aelig;terum de his omni/ <lb/>bus &longs;ummatim qu&aelig; repetenda uideantur/ cum his qu&aelig; pre <lb/>mo libro tran&longs;egimus h&aelig;c &longs;unt: Qu&aelig; partes &aelig;dificii <expan abbr="igni&utilde;">ignium</expan> <lb/>ca&longs;ibus immunes e&longs;&longs;e debent: qu&aelig; temporum iniuriis obie <lb/>et&aelig; &longs;unt: qu&aelig; obelu&longs;iora e&longs;&longs;e: qu&aelig; &longs;trepitu carere oportet/ <lb/>te&longs;tudinentur. Terrenas omnes habitationes te&longs;tudinari p <lb/>placet: qu&aelig; terrenis &longs;upera&longs;truantur &longs;alubriore&longs; reddent<gap/><lb/>contignatione. Quibus ad crepu&longs;eulum u&longs;ui uenit lux: uti <lb/>&longs;unt &longs;alutatio/ambulatio/ et pr&aelig;cipue bibliotheca &aelig;quino <lb/>etium <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tem">orientem</expan> &longs;pectent. Qu&aelig; <expan abbr="tineam/pallorem/mucor&etilde;/">tineam/pallorem/mucoren/</expan> <lb/>eruginem ue metuant <expan abbr="ue&longs;tis/&longs;ibri/arma/&longs;emen/e&longs;cul&etilde;taqueomnia">ue&longs;tis/&longs;ibri/arma/&longs;emen/e&longs;culentaque<lb/>omnia</expan> meridie atque occidente <expan abbr="coercean&ttilde;">coerceantur</expan>. Si &aelig;quabili or us <lb/>e&longs;t lumine pictori/&longs;criptori/&longs;calptori et eiu&longs;m<gap/> <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;">&longs;eptem</expan><gap/><lb/>nem dato. Demum ueitito &aelig;&longs;tiua omnia ut boream ex<gap/><lb/>ant: hiberna meridiem <gap/>rna et autumnalia <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tem">orientem</expan>. Occi <lb/>duum uero &longs;olem balneis et uernis cenaculis dato. H&aelig;c &longs;i <lb/>non licet ex &longs;ententia/&aelig;&longs;tiuis commodi&longs;&longs;imas partes pr&aelig; <lb/>occupato. Et mea quidem <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> qui &aelig;dificat &aelig;&longs;tiuis <gap/><lb/>ficet u&longs;ibu&longs;<gap/>&longs;i &longs;apit: <expan abbr="n&atilde;">nam</expan> hibernis ut fiat &longs;ati&longs; leue <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> n<gap/>: <lb/>claudito: et <expan abbr="foc&utilde;">focum</expan> <expan abbr="inc&etilde;dito">incendito</expan>. <expan abbr="C&otilde;tra">Contra</expan> <expan abbr="&aelig;&longs;t&utilde;">&aelig;&longs;tum</expan> multa <expan abbr="reqr&utilde;&ttilde;">reqruntur</expan>: &longs;ed <gap/><lb/><expan abbr="u&atilde;t">uant</expan> ea <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&etilde;p">&longs;emp</expan> <expan abbr="mult&utilde;">multum</expan>. Eo <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> hibernis facito area &longs;it <gap/><lb/>dica altitudo modica aptiones modic&aelig;/&aelig;&longs;tiua cotra o<gap/><lb/>pte <expan abbr="h&etilde;to">hento</expan> la&longs;&longs;a patula <expan abbr="o&itilde;a">oina</expan>. Facito &longs;it captatrix aur&aelig; <gap/><lb/>u&longs;cul&aelig; &longs;oles <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> et ab &longs;ole mi&longs;&longs;os flatus excludito muitul 
<pb/>aer ampia conclu&longs;us aula multis una conceptis aquis iu&longs;tar <gap/><lb/>dius conferue&longs;cit.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE <lb/>ORNAMENTO LIBER SEXTVS<lb/>
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<s><margin.target id="marg6"></margin.target>I</s>
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<s>INEAMENTA et materiam operum et <lb/>manum &longs;abrilem/ et qu&aelig; ad publica priua <lb/>ta/ cum &longs;acra/tum et profana &aelig;dificia con/ <lb/>&longs;tituenda pertinere uidebantur/quoad <expan abbr="e&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">e&longs;&longs;ent</expan> <lb/>ea quidem ad ferendam iniuriam tempe&longs;ta <lb/>tum apt<gap/>: et ad &longs;uos qu&aelig;que u&longs;u&longs; pro locorum<lb/>temporum hominumque rerum que rationibus accomodata/ &longs;uperio <lb/>ribus libris quinque tran&longs;egimus diligentia <expan abbr="qu&atilde;tum">quantum</expan> ex libris <lb/>ip&longs;i&longs; per&longs;picere potui&longs;ti: ut <expan abbr="e&atilde;">eam</expan> in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus tractandis <lb/>multo maiorem <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> de&longs;ideres: labore me &longs;uperi maiore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pio <lb/>inita prouintia <expan abbr="interd&utilde;">interdum</expan> ex ip&longs;o me forea&longs;&longs;is po&longs;tula&longs;&longs;em. Inci <lb/>debant enim frequentes difficultates/ et rerum explicandarum/ et <lb/>nominum <expan abbr="inueni&etilde;dorum">inueniendorum</expan> et materi&aelig; ptractand&aelig;, qu&aelig; me ab&longs;ter <lb/><expan abbr="rer&etilde;t">rerent</expan> ab <expan abbr="&itilde;cepto">incepto</expan> atque auerterent. Alia ex ptc qu&aelig; ratio ut opu&longs; <lb/><expan abbr="inchoar&etilde;">inchoarem</expan> a<gap/>xerat: eadem reuocabat ut pro&longs;equerer atque <gap/>or <lb/>tabatur. <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> dolebam quidem tam multa tamque pra clari&longs;&longs;i <lb/>ma &longs;eriptorum monumenta interi&longs;&longs;e temporum hominum que in <lb/>iuria: ut uix <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> ex <expan abbr="t&atilde;to">tanto</expan> naufragio <expan abbr="Vitruui&utilde;">Vitruuium</expan> &longs;uper&longs;titem <gap/> a/ <lb/><expan abbr="beremus/&longs;criptor&etilde;">beremus/&longs;criptorem</expan> proculdubio <expan abbr="in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: &longs;ed ita <expan abbr="affect&utilde;">affectum</expan> <lb/>tempe&longs;tate atque <expan abbr="lacer&utilde;">lacerum</expan><gap/> ut multis locis multa de&longs;int/et multis <lb/>plurima de&longs;ideres. Accedebat quod i&longs;ta tradidi&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> culta/ &longs;ic <lb/><expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> <expan abbr="loqueba&ttilde;/ut">loquebatur/ut</expan> latini <expan abbr="gr&aelig;c&utilde;">gr&aelig;cum</expan> uideri uolui&longs;&longs;e: gr&aelig;ci <expan abbr="locut&utilde;">locutum</expan> la <lb/>tin<gap/> <expan abbr="uaticin&etilde;&ttilde;">uaticinentur</expan>. Re&longs; <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> ip&longs;a i &longs;e&longs;e porrigenda neque latinum neque<lb/>gr&aelig;cum fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="te&longs;te&ttilde;">te&longs;tetur</expan>: ut par &longs;it <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;crip&longs;i&longs;&longs;e hunc nobis/ q ita <lb/>ferip&longs;erit/ut <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;telligamus">intelligamus</expan>. <expan abbr="Re&longs;tab&atilde;t">Re&longs;tabant</expan> uetera rerum <expan abbr="ex&etilde;pla">exempla</expan> tam/ <lb/>plis theatri&longs;que mandata: ex qbus <expan abbr="tan&qtilde;">tanquae</expan> ex optimis profe&longs;&longs;oribus <lb/>multa di&longs;cerentur: <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;ine lachrymis <expan abbr="uideb&atilde;">uidebam</expan> indies dele <lb/>ri. Et qui forte per h&aelig;c tempora &aelig;di&longs;icar<gap/>nt nouis ineptiatum 
<pb/><expan abbr="deliram&etilde;tis">deliramentis</expan> potius <expan abbr="&qtilde;probati&longs;&longs;imis">quaprobati&longs;&longs;imis</expan> laudati&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="op&utilde;">opum</expan> <expan abbr="r&otilde;ibus">ronibus</expan> <lb/>delectari qbus ex rebu&longs; futurum negabat nemo qn breui h&aelig;c pars <lb/>ut ita loquar uit&aelig; et cognitionis penitus e&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="&itilde;teritura">interitura</expan>. Idcir <lb/>co h&aelig;c cum ita e&longs;&longs;ent: non <expan abbr="poter&atilde;">poteram</expan> non facere/quin de commen <lb/><expan abbr="t&atilde;dis">tandis</expan> his rebus et &longs;&aelig;pe et diu <expan abbr="cogitar&etilde;">cogitarem</expan>. Inter <expan abbr="cogit&atilde;d&utilde;">cogitandum</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> <lb/>tas res/tam dignas tam utiles tam in uita <expan abbr="homin&utilde;">hominum</expan> nece&longs;&longs;arias <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;e&longs;e ultro <expan abbr="afferr&etilde;t">afferrent</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;crib&etilde;ti">&longs;cribenti</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="neglig&etilde;das">negligendas</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;titueb&atilde;">in&longs;tituebam</expan>: offi <lb/>ciique e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cen&longs;eb&atilde;">cen&longs;ebam</expan> uiri boni et &longs;tudio&longs;i conari: ut <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> hanc eru <lb/>ditioni&longs; <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> <expan abbr="prud&etilde;ti&longs;&longs;imi">prudenti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> maiores &longs;emper maximi feci&longs;&longs;ent ab <lb/><expan abbr="&itilde;teritu">interitu</expan> <expan abbr="uendicar&etilde;">uendicarem</expan>. Itaque anceps eram incertu&longs;que con&longs;ilii/pro <lb/>&longs;equerer ne an potius intermitterem. <expan abbr="Peru&itilde;cebat">Peruincebat</expan> amor operis <lb/>et &longs;tudiorum charita&longs;: et quod <expan abbr="&itilde;geni&utilde;">ingenium</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;tare &longs;atis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> potui&longs;&longs;et <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tudi&utilde;">&longs;tudium</expan> ardens et incredibili&longs; <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> &longs;uppeditabat. Nihil <expan abbr="u&longs;&qtilde;">u&longs;quae</expan> <lb/>erat antiquorum <expan abbr="operum/&itilde;">operum/im</expan> quo aliqua laus eluce&longs;ceret: quin <lb/>ilico ex eo perue&longs;tigarem &longs;iquid po&longs;&longs;em perdi&longs;cere. Ergo ri <lb/>mari omnia/con&longs;iderare/metiri/lineamentis pictur&aelig; collige <lb/>re nu&longs;quam intermittebam/ quoad <expan abbr="f&utilde;ditus">funditus</expan> quid qui&longs;que attuli&longs; <lb/>&longs;et ingenii aut artis <expan abbr="preh&etilde;derem">prehenderem</expan> atque perno&longs;cerem. Eoque pacto <lb/>&longs;cribendi laborem <expan abbr="leuabam/di&longs;c&etilde;di">leuabam/di&longs;cendi</expan> cupiditate atque uolupta <lb/>re. Et profecto tam uarias res/ <expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> di&longs;pares/tam di&longs;per&longs;as /tam <lb/>ab u&longs;u et cognitione &longs;criptorum alienas colligere in unum/et <lb/>digno <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;ere">recen&longs;ere</expan> modo/et apto locare ordine/et oratione tracta <lb/>re accurata et certa <expan abbr="r&otilde;ne">ronne</expan> <expan abbr="m&otilde;&longs;trare">mon&longs;trare</expan> pror&longs;u&longs; e&longs;t facultatis et eru <lb/>ditionis maioris &quml; in me profitear: me tamen <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> penitet <lb/>mei: &longs;i quod <expan abbr="o&itilde;no">oinno</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;&longs;titueram">in&longs;titueram</expan> a&longs;&longs;ecutus <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;">&longs;um</expan>: ut qui me legerint <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e m<gap/>facilem dicendo <gap/>alui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;tatu&atilde;t">&longs;tatuant</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uideri <expan abbr="eloqu&etilde;tem">eloquentem</expan>. <lb/>Quod unum &quml; &longs;it difficile in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus <expan abbr="c&otilde;ment&atilde;di&longs;">commentandi&longs;</expan> ma <lb/>gis nouere experti &quml; credant qui periculum non fecere. Et ni <lb/>&longs;allor/ qu&aelig; &longs;crip&longs;imus ita &longs;crip&longs;imus: ut e&longs;&longs;e latina <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> neges <lb/>et &longs;atis intelligantur. Id ip&longs;um <expan abbr="&itilde;his">inhis</expan> qu&aelig; &longs;equuntur pro uiribus <lb/>efficiemus ex tribus partibus qu&aelig; ad uniuer&longs;am &aelig;dificatio <lb/>nem pertinebant: uti e&longs;&longs;ent quidem qu&aelig; a&longs;trueremus ad u&longs;um <lb/>apta: ad perpetuitatem firmi&longs;&longs;ima/ad gratiam et amenitatem <lb/>pati&longs;&longs;ima: primis duabus ptibus ab&longs;olutis re&longs;tat tertia <expan abbr="o&itilde;um">oinum</expan> 
<pb/>digni&longs;&longs;ima et <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> ualde nece&longs;&longs;aria. <expan abbr="Eten&itilde;">Etenim</expan> gratiam <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>atque amenitatem non alicunde manare <expan abbr="arbitr&atilde;tur/&qtilde;">arbitrantur/quae</expan> a pul <lb/>chritudine atque ornamento: hinc ducti: quod neminem inue <lb/>niri &longs;entiant tam tri&longs;tem et tardum: tam <expan abbr="rud&etilde;">rudem</expan> et <expan abbr="ru&longs;tican&utilde;">ru&longs;ticanum</expan>: <lb/>quin pulcherrimis rebus maiorem <expan abbr="&itilde;modum">immodum</expan> afficiatur: or <lb/>nati&longs;&longs;ima omnibus po&longs;thabitis pro&longs;equatur: turpibus offen <lb/>datur: incompta omnia et neglecta explodat: et <expan abbr="quant&utilde;">quantum</expan> cu <lb/>iu&longs;que rei dee&longs;&longs;e ornamenti &longs;entiat: tantum dee&longs;&longs;e profitea <lb/>tur quod faciat ad gratiam atque dignitatem. Digni&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>igitur atque <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis affectanda pulchritudo e&longs;t his pr&aelig;&longs;er <lb/>tim qui &longs;ua uclint reddere non ingrata. Huic rei maiores <lb/>no&longs;tri uiri prudenti&longs;&longs;imi quantum deberi exi&longs;timantur: in <lb/>ditio &longs;unt <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> c&aelig;tera: tum leges/militia/res diuina/toraque<lb/>r. p. <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> incredibile dictu e&longs;t <expan abbr="qu&atilde;topere">quantopere</expan> curarint ut e&longs;&longs;ent or <lb/>nati&longs;&longs;ima: ac &longs;i cen&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e uideri uoluerint: i&longs;ta h&aelig;c &longs;ine qui <lb/>bus bominum uita uix <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;tare">con&longs;tare</expan> po&longs;&longs;it/ ornamentorum appara <lb/>tu et pompa &longs;ublata in&longs;ipidum quid negocii et in&longs;ul&longs;um fo <lb/>re. Deos certe &longs;pectato coelo et mirificis eorum operibus mi <lb/>ramur/magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pulchra illa <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> uidemus/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod e&longs;&longs;e util <lb/>lima &longs;entiamus. Aut quid i&longs;ta pro&longs;equar? ip&longs;a <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> natura <lb/>quod pa&longs;&longs;i uidere licet nimia <expan abbr="pulchritudit&utilde;">pulchrituditum</expan> uoluptate &longs;ub <lb/>la&longs;ciuire indies non de&longs;i&longs;tit: omitto c&aelig;tera et <expan abbr="ping&etilde;dis">pingendis</expan> flo <lb/>ribus. Quod &longs;i qua in re i&longs;ta <expan abbr="de&longs;ider&atilde;tur">de&longs;iderantur</expan>: profecto <expan abbr="&aelig;difici&utilde;">&aelig;dificium</expan> <lb/>eiu&longs;modi e&longs;t: ut hi&longs;dem carere nullo pacto po&longs;&longs;it &longs;ine peri <lb/>torum atque impitorum offen&longs;ione. Quid <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> e&longs;t ut moueamur <lb/>lapidum &longs;true informi et <expan abbr="inc&otilde;cinna/">inconcinna/</expan> ni&longs;i ut quo ea quidem <lb/>maior &longs;it: eo iacturam impen&longs;&aelig; magis uituperemus? et in <lb/>con&longs;ideratam coaceruandorum lapidum libidinem dete&longs;te <lb/>mur: Nece&longs;&longs;itati &longs;ati&longs;&longs;eci&longs;&longs;e leue quid et perpu&longs;illum e&longs;t: <lb/>commoditati pro&longs;pexi&longs;&longs;e ingratum/ ubi offenderit operis <lb/><expan abbr="ineleg&atilde;tia">inelegantia</expan>. Accedit quod h&aelig;c una de <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> loquimur <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditati">commoditati</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="p&etilde;nitati">pennitati</expan> <expan abbr="plurim&utilde;">plurimum</expan> affert <expan abbr="adium&etilde;ti">adiumenti</expan>. Quis. n. <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ec&utilde;">&longs;ecum</expan> <lb/>agi <expan abbr="c&otilde;modius">commodius</expan> af<gap/>irmabit/ubi &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="&itilde;tra">intra</expan> ornatos/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;i negle/ <lb/>ctos intra pietes recepit: aut qd alioqn <expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> <expan abbr="obfirmat&utilde;">obfirmatum</expan> effici 
<pb/>ulla hominum arte poterit quod ab hominum iuiuria &longs;atis <lb/>munitum &longs;it. At pulchritudo etiam ab infe&longs;tis ho&longs;tibus im <lb/>petrabit ut iras temperent/atque <expan abbr="inuiolat&atilde;">inuiolatam</expan> &longs;e e&longs;&longs;e patiantur: <lb/>ut hoc audeam dicere nulla re tutum &aelig;que ab hominum in <lb/>iuria atque ille&longs;um futurum opus: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> forme dignitate ac uenu/ <lb/>&longs;tate. Huc omnis cura/omnis <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia/omnis">diligentia/omnis</expan> impen&longs;&aelig; ra <lb/>tio conferenda e&longs;t: ut qu&aelig; feceri&longs; <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> utilia et <expan abbr="c&otilde;moda">commoda</expan> &longs;int: <lb/>tum et pr&aelig;cipue &longs;int ornati&longs;&longs;ima ac pinde grati&longs;&longs;ima: quo <lb/>ad qui &longs;pectent/ nulla in re alibi tantum erogatum e&longs;&longs;e im <lb/>pen&longs;&aelig; malint <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tinc. Sed pulchritudo atque ornamentum p <lb/>&longs;e quid &longs;it: quid ue inter &longs;e differant forta&longs;&longs;is animo aperti <lb/>us intellig<gap/>mus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uerbis explicari a me po&longs;&longs;it. Nos tamen <lb/>breuitatis gratia &longs;ic diffiniemus: ut &longs;it pulchritudo <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>certa <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> ratione concinnitas uniuer&longs;arum partium <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> eo cuius <lb/>&longs;int: ita ut addi/aut diminui/aut <expan abbr="&itilde;mutari">immutari</expan> po&longs;&longs;it nihil/qn <lb/>improbabilius reddat. Magnum hoc et diuinum quo perfi <lb/>ciendo omnes uires artium et ingenii con&longs;umuntur: raroque<lb/>uel ip&longs;i natur&aelig; <expan abbr="cui&qtilde;">cuiquae</expan> conce&longs;&longs;um: ut in <expan abbr="medi&utilde;">medium</expan> pro&longs;erat quod <lb/>plane ab&longs;olutum atque omni ex pte <expan abbr="perfect&utilde;">perfectum</expan> &longs;it. Qi o<gap/>us <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>quit ille apud Ciceronem/athenis extat ephobus pulcher. <lb/>Dee&longs;&longs;e aliquid &longs;pectator ille formarum: aut plus e&longs;&longs;e in his <lb/>quos <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> probaret <expan abbr="&itilde;telligebat">intelligebat</expan>: quod ip&longs;um <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> pulcherrimis <lb/>rationibus non conueniret: illis ni fallor/adhibita <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;">ornamen</expan> <lb/>ta hoc contuli&longs;&longs;ent: fucando/operiendoque &longs;iqua extabant <lb/>deformia/aut comando expoliendoque uenu&longs;tiora. Vt in/ <lb/>grata minus offenderent: et amena magis delectatent. Id <lb/>&longs;i ita per&longs;uadetur/ erit quidem ornamentum qua&longs;i &longs;ub&longs;i/ <lb/>diaria qu&aelig;dam lux pulchritudinis/ atque ueluti comple/ <lb/>mentum. Ex his patere arbitror/ pulchritudinem qua&longs;i <lb/>&longs;uum atque innatum toto e&longs;&longs;e perfu&longs;um corpore quod pul <lb/>chrum &longs;it: ornamentum autem afficti et compacti naturam <lb/>&longs;apere magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> innati. Rur&longs;us &longs;ic e&longs;t ut pro&longs;equar. Qui ita <lb/><expan abbr="&aelig;dific&atilde;t/ut">&aelig;dificant/ut</expan> qu&aelig; <expan abbr="&aelig;dific&etilde;t">&aelig;dificent</expan> probari uelint/quod uelle <expan abbr="deb&etilde;t">debent</expan> <lb/>qui &longs;alem habent hos certa &longs;ane moueri ratione. Facere qui 
<pb/>dem aliquid certa cum ratiome artis e&longs;t. Rectam iccirco et <lb/>probatam edificationem quis negabit non ni&longs;i ex arte po&longs;&longs;e <lb/>duci: equidem certe ip&longs;a h&aelig;c pars qu&aelig; circa pulchritudi/ <lb/><expan abbr="n&etilde;">nem</expan> ornamentaque uer&longs;atur/primaria omnium quom &longs;it hu <lb/>ius nimirum ip&longs;ius partis aliqua certa et con&longs;tans erit ratio <lb/>atque ars quam qui negligat in&longs;ul&longs;i&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t. Sed <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> qui <lb/>bus i&longs;ta non probentur/dicantque <expan abbr="&longs;olut&atilde;">&longs;olutam</expan> et uagam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> <lb/>dam opinionem/qua de pulchritudine atque omni &aelig;difica <lb/>tione iudicemus: et pro cuiu&longs;que libidine uariam et muta/ <lb/>bilem e&longs;&longs;e formam &aelig;dificiorum nullis artium pr&aelig;ceptis ad <lb/>&longs;tringendam. Commune hoc <expan abbr="ignor&atilde;ti&aelig;">ignoranti&aelig;</expan> uitium e&longs;t: qu&aelig; ne <lb/>&longs;cias nequicquam e&longs;&longs;e profiteri. Tollendum errorem hunc <lb/>&longs;tatuo: non tamen illud a&longs;&longs;ummo ut prolixius rimari opor <lb/>tere cen&longs;eam quibus primordiis emanarint artes: quibus ra <lb/>tionibus duct&aelig;: qbus alimentis creuerint. Sit <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> abre quod <lb/>a<gap/>unt artium parentem fui&longs;&longs;e ca&longs;um/ at que aduer&longs;ionem. <lb/>alumnum u&longs;um atque experimentum: cognitione uero atque<lb/>ratiocinatione excreui&longs;&longs;e. Sic &longs;erunt mille annis a mille mi <lb/>libus hominum medicinam <expan abbr="inu&etilde;t&atilde;">inuentam</expan> extiti&longs;&longs;e: itidem et nau <lb/>ticam/et plera&longs;que omne&longs; i&longs;tiu&longs;modi artes minutis addita <lb/>mentis excreui&longs;&longs;e. Aedificatoria quantum ex ueterum mo <lb/>nimentis percipimus/primam adole&longs;centi&aelig; ut &longs;ic loquar/ <lb/><expan abbr="luxuri&etilde;">luxuriem</expan> profudit in a&longs;ia. Mox apud gr&aelig;cos fioruit. Po&longs;tre <lb/>mo probati&longs;&longs;imam adepta e&longs;t maturitatem in italia. Sic <lb/>enim mihi fit ueri&longs;imile: reges illos rerum affluentia et <lb/>ocio abundantes ubi &longs;e &longs;uaque opes &longs;eptrique maie&longs;tatem <lb/>et amplitudinem intuebantur quod e&longs;&longs;e opus tectis grandiori <lb/>bus/et pariete hone&longs;tiore <expan abbr="intelliger&etilde;t/">intelligerent/</expan> cepi&longs;&longs;e cuncta &longs;ecta <lb/>ri/atque colligere: qu&aelig; facerent ad <expan abbr="e&atilde;">eam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan>: et quo maximis et <lb/>hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis <expan abbr="utere&ttilde;">uteretur</expan> &aelig;dificiis: maximis &longs;orta&longs;&longs;is arboribus <lb/>tecta ponere: ex lapide minus ignobili <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> ducere u&longs;ur <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;e: pr&aelig;&longs;titit opus <expan abbr="admiration&etilde;">admirationem</expan> atque <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="grati&atilde;">gratiam</expan>. Indeque <lb/>laudari ua&longs;ta forta&longs;&longs;is opa <expan abbr="&longs;entii&etilde;t">&longs;entiient</expan>: quod que <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis <expan abbr="regi&utilde;">regium</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>munus <expan abbr="arbitrar&etilde;&ttilde;">arbitrarentur</expan> ea facere qu&aelig; priuati <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> po&longs;&longs;ent opum im 
<pb/>manitate delectati inter &longs;e ip&longs;i reges &longs;tudio&longs;ius certare pro <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;i &longs;unt ad in&longs;aniam u&longs;que pyramidum extollendarum. <lb/>Credo equidem u&longs;um &aelig;dificandi pr&aelig;bui&longs;&longs;e occa&longs;ionem ut <lb/>multa ex parte cernerent quid inter&longs;it numero: ordine: po <lb/>&longs;itu: facie ue: qu&aelig; a&longs;truerentur uno aut altero commi&longs;i&longs;&longs;e. <lb/>Ac perinde gratioribu&longs; delectatos &longs;pernere didici&longs;&longs;e incon <lb/>cinniora. Succe&longs;&longs;it gr&aelig;cia: ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quod ingeniis bonis atque<lb/>eruditis floreret et fragraret cupiditate ornandi &longs;ui: cum <lb/>c&aelig;tera tum et templum <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis faciundum curauit. Hinc <lb/>cepit a&longs;&longs;yriorum &aelig;gyptiorumque opera diligentius &longs;pecta <lb/>re/quoad intellexit quidem in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi laudari magi&longs; ar <lb/>tificum <expan abbr="manus/&qtilde;">manus/quae</expan> opes regias. Nam po&longs;&longs;e quidem magna <lb/>facere fortunatorum e&longs;t. Pacere autem qu&aelig; periti non uitu <lb/>perent eorum e&longs;t/qui laudem mereantur. ex ea re &longs;uas e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>partes in&longs;tituit gr&aelig;cia &longs;u&longs;cepto in opere id conari/ ut quos <lb/>fortun&aelig; opibus &aelig;quare non po&longs;&longs;ent: hos quoad in &longs;e e&longs;&longs;et in <lb/>genii dotibus &longs;uperaret. Cepitque uti c&aelig;teras artes/ &longs;ic et <lb/>hanc &aelig;dificatoriam ip&longs;o ex natur&aelig; gremio petere atque edu <lb/>cere/totamque tractare/totamque perno&longs;cere &longs;agaci &longs;oler/ <lb/>tia pro&longs;piciens perpenden&longs;que. Quid inter ca qu&aelig; proben <lb/>tur &aelig;dificia inter&longs;it/atque ea qu&aelig; minus probentur: I&longs;ta in <lb/>di&longs;qui&longs;itione nihil pr&aelig;termi&longs;it. Omnia tentauit natur&aelig; ue <lb/>&longs;tigia lu&longs;trans et repetens. paria quidem paribus/recta fle/ <lb/>xis/prompta &longs;ubob&longs;curioribus permi&longs;cendo intuebatur an <lb/>te qua&longs;i ex maris femin&aelig;que connubio tertium quippiam <lb/>oborietur: quod faceret ad &longs;pem in&longs;tituti officii: neque de <lb/>&longs;titit etiam in minuti&longs;&longs;imis iterum atque iterum con&longs;ide/ <lb/>ra&longs;&longs;e partes &longs;ingulas/qui dextra &longs;ini&longs;tris/&longs;tantia <expan abbr="iac&etilde;tibu&longs;/">iacentibu&longs;/</expan> <lb/>proxima di&longs;tantibus <expan abbr="conuenir&etilde;t/">conuenirent/</expan> adiunxit/ detraxit/&aelig;qua <lb/>uit maiora minoribus/&longs;imilia di&longs;&longs;imilibus/prima ultimis <lb/>quoad compertum fecit. Laudari aliud in his/que ad uetu <lb/>&longs;tatem perferendam qua&longs;i &longs;tataria con&longs;tituerentur: aliud in <lb/>his qu&aelig; nullam &aelig;que ad rem atque ad uenu&longs;tatem fabrica/ <lb/>rentur. H&aelig;c illi. It&aacute;lia tum primum pro <expan abbr="&itilde;nata">innata</expan> frugalitate 
<pb/>&longs;ic &longs;tatuebat/ in &aelig;dificio non &longs;ec<gap/>, atque <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> animante conueni <lb/>re. Nam puta <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> equo &longs;entiebat illa <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ad quos u&longs;us eiu&longs; <lb/><expan abbr="figur&atilde;">figuram</expan> <expan abbr="m&etilde;bror&utilde;">membrorum</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;probes">comprobes</expan> raro fieri qn eos ip&longs;os ad u&longs;us id <lb/>animans commodi&longs;&longs;imum &longs;it: et gratiam &longs;orm&aelig; peride pu <lb/>tabat ab expetita u&longs;us commoditate <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> exclu&longs;am aut <gap/>e <lb/>iunctam inueniri. Sed parto imperio gentium cum non mi <lb/>nore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> gr&aelig;cia ornand&aelig; urbis &longs;tudio et &longs;ui flagraret. <expan abbr="Ann&utilde;">Annum</expan> <lb/>ante trige&longs;imum qu&aelig; fuerat omnium pulcherrima in uibe <lb/>domus cente&longs;imum non obtinuit locum: cumque incredibili <lb/>ingeniorum copia qui in ea re exercerentur abundaret: &longs;ep <lb/>tinge<gap/>tos inuenio rom&aelig; una fui&longs;&longs;e architectos: quorum ope <lb/>ra uix &longs;atis pro eorum meritis laudamus. <expan abbr="C&utilde;que">Cunque</expan> imperii uires <lb/>&longs;ati&longs; qu&aelig; ad omnem admirationem <expan abbr="facer&etilde;t">facerent</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;uppeditar&etilde;t">&longs;uppeditarent</expan>. <lb/>Tacium quendam referunt priuata impen&longs;a termas dona&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ho&longs;tien&longs;ibus centum a&longs;tructas columnis numidicis <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> h&aelig;c <lb/>ita e&longs;&longs;ent: placuit regum potenti&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="amplitudin&utilde;">amplitudinum</expan> cum <lb/>uetere frugalitate coniungere: ita ut neque par&longs;imonia utili <lb/>tati detraheret/neque utilitas opibus parceret. In utri&longs;que <expan abbr="a&utilde;t">aunt</expan> <lb/>quicquid ad lautitiem uenu&longs;tatemque u&longs;piam excogitaii po&longs; <lb/>&longs;it adiungeretur. C&aelig;terum &aelig;dificandorum operum cura <gap/><lb/>tudine nu&longs;quam intermi&longs;&longs;a ita di&longs;cu&longs;&longs;am reddidit <expan abbr="ait&etilde;">aitem</expan> hac <lb/>&aelig;dificatoriam: ut nihil haberet ea quidem tam recoditum/ <lb/>tam latens/tam penitus ab&longs;tru&longs;um/ quod non indagaretur <lb/>eliceret/in mediumque produceret/uolentibus diis/arteque <lb/>ip&longs;a minime repugnante. Nam quom in italia uetus ha<gap/>e/ <lb/>ret <expan abbr="ho&longs;piti&utilde;">ho&longs;pitium</expan> ar&longs; &aelig;dificatoria pr&aelig;&longs;ertim apud ethru&longs;cos: quo <lb/>rum pr&aelig;ter ilia regum miracula qu&aelig; leguntur: la<gap/><lb/>et &longs;epulchrorum peruetu&longs;ta et probati&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="ext&atilde;t">extant</expan> litteris tra <lb/>dita ternplorum &aelig;dificandorum <expan abbr="monim&etilde;ta/quibus">monimenta/quibus</expan> uetus etbru <lb/>ria utebatur/quom <expan abbr="inqu&atilde;">inquam</expan> uetus haberet ho&longs;pitium i italia: <lb/>quomque intelligeret tantope expeti &longs;e&longs;e: ui&longs;a e&longs;t ars hac pro <lb/>uiribus pr&aelig;&longs;tare ut orbis impium quod c&aelig;ter&aelig; <expan abbr="om&etilde;s">omens</expan> <gap/><lb/>tes hone&longs;ta&longs;&longs;ent: &longs;uis etiam ornamentis multo redderet ad <lb/>mirabilius. Ergo &longs;e&longs;e penitus no&longs;cendam habenaamquod pr&aelig; 
<pb/>buit. Turpe nimirum ducens arcem orbis atque gentium decus <lb/>&aelig;q iari operum gloria ab his/quos omni reliqua uirtutis lau <lb/>de &longs;upera&longs;&longs;et. Et quid hic referam porticus/ <expan abbr="t&etilde;pla">templa</expan> portus/ <lb/>theatra/thermarum que opera gigantea: in quibus <expan abbr="t&atilde;tum">tantum</expan> admi <lb/>rationis a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt: ut interdum facta qu&aelig; coram <expan abbr="intuer&etilde;">intuerem</expan> <lb/>tur periti&longs;&longs;imi exterarum gentium architecti fieri negarent <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e. Quid <expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> non plus dico cloacis faciundis pulchri <lb/>tu line carere non potuerunt: ornamentis u&longs;que adeo delecta <lb/>ti &longs;unt: ut uel eam &longs;olam ob gratiam uires imperii profunde <lb/>re pulcherrimum duxerint: &aelig;dificando &longs;cilicet ut <expan abbr="haber&etilde;t">haberent</expan> <lb/>cui apte ornamenta adiungerent. Itaque &longs;uperiorum exemplis/ <lb/>et peritorum monitis/et fi equenti u&longs;u admirabilium operum ef <lb/>ficiundorum ab&longs;oluti&longs;&longs;ima cognitio extat: ex cognitione pr&aelig; <lb/>cepta probati&longs;&longs;ima deprompta &longs;unt: qu&aelig; qui uelint/ quod <lb/>uelle omnes <expan abbr="debemus/n&otilde;">debemus/non</expan> inept<gap/>&longs;&longs;imi ei&longs;e &aelig;dificando pror <lb/>&longs;us neglexi&longs;&longs;e nulla ex parte debeant. Ea no<gap/>is pro inita pro<lb/>uintia colligenda/ et pro uiribus ingenii explicanda &longs;unt. <lb/>I&longs;tarum rerum pr&aelig;cepta alia uniuer&longs;a omnis &aelig;dificii pu chri <lb/>tudinem et ornamenta complectuntur: alia &longs;ingulas paites <lb/><expan abbr="m&etilde;bratim">membratim</expan> pro&longs;equuntur. Prima ex media &longs;unt philo&longs;ophia <lb/>excerpta: et ad artis i&longs;tius modum uiamque <expan abbr="dirig&etilde;dam">dirigendam</expan> et <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>formandam adacta: proxima uero ex cognitione quam di/ <lb/>ximu&longs; ad philo&longs;opbi&aelig; normam ut ita loquar do'a a artis &longs;e <lb/>riem produxere. Dicam prius de his qu&aelig; magis artem &longs;api <lb/>unt alteris qu&aelig; uniuer&longs;am rem pr&aelig;hendant utar pro epilo/ <lb/>go. Qu&aelig; in rebas pulcherrimis et ornati&longs;&longs;imis placeant: ea <lb/>q iide aut ex ingenii comento et rationibus aut ex artificis <lb/>manu deueniunt: aut a natura rebus ip&longs;is <expan abbr="&itilde;mi&longs;&longs;a">immi&longs;&longs;a</expan> &longs;unt. Inge <lb/>nu erit electio/di&longs;tributio/collocatio/et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;m&otilde;i">eiu&longs;moni</expan> qu&aelig; opi <lb/>afferant dignitatem. Manus erit aceruatio/affictio/ ampu <lb/>tatio/circuci&longs;io/expolitio/ et generis <expan abbr="eiu&longs;u&etilde;">eiu&longs;uem</expan> qu&aelig; operi af <lb/>ferant <expan abbr="grati&atilde;">gratiam</expan>. Rebus a natura a&longs;cita <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> grauitas/ leuitas/ <lb/>den&longs;ita<gap/>/puritas. Contra uetu&longs;tatem uirtus et &longs;imilia: qu&aelig; <lb/>operi affcrunt <expan abbr="admiration&etilde;">admirationem</expan>. Tria h&aelig;c partibus pro cuiu&longs;que
<pb/>u&longs;u et munere accomodanda &longs;unt. Partium annotandarom <lb/>multiplex habetur ratio. Sed no&longs; hic delectet &aelig;dificium &longs;ic <lb/>partiri/aut per id in quo una conueniunt: aut per id in quo <lb/>di&longs;&longs;imilia &longs;unt omnia &aelig;dificia. Primo ex libro <expan abbr="&itilde;telleximus">intelleximus</expan> <lb/>deberi &aelig;dificio cui uis <expan abbr="regionem/aream/partiti&otilde;em/parie">regionem/aream/partitionem/parie</expan> <lb/>tem/tectum apertionem. In his: gitur conueniunt. Diffe <lb/>runt quidem/quod alia &longs;acra: alia prophana: alia publica: alia <lb/>priuata: alia ad nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad <expan abbr="uoluptat&etilde;">uoluptatem</expan> et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;m&otilde;&longs;">eiu&longs;mon&longs;</expan> <lb/>parantur. Ordiamur ab his in quibus conueniunt. Region&longs; <lb/>quidem manus aut ingenium hominis qd po&longs;&longs;it giati&aelig; aut <lb/>dignitatis aff<gap/>rre/uix &longs;atis con&longs;tat: ni foite illud conferat: <lb/>&longs;i eos imitabimur: qui &longs;uper&longs;titio&longs;a qu&aelig; leguntur operum <lb/>miracula excogitarunt: quos tamen uiri prudentes non ui <lb/><expan abbr="tuper&atilde;t">tuperant</expan>: &longs;i comoda facere aggre&longs;&longs;i &longs;unt: et <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> laudant &longs;i <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>non nece&longs;&longs;aria. Merito id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan>. Quis enim audeat <expan abbr="quic&utilde;queille">quicunque<lb/>ille</expan> &longs;<gap/> &longs;eu Sta&longs;icrates ut refert Plutarchus: &longs;eu Dinocra <lb/>tes ut re&longs;ert Vitruuius: qui ex monte athos Alexandri eff<gap/><lb/>giem facturum &longs;e polliceretur: <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> cuius manu ciuitas a&longs;&longs;ide <lb/>ret milium capax hominum decem A: Nitocrim reginam <lb/>quod eundem ad pagum a&longs;&longs;yriorum tertio inflexum euphratem <lb/>maximis &longs;o&longs;&longs;ionibus multo ambitu appellere coegerit non <lb/>equidem delaudabun.: &longs;i regionem cum muniti&longs;&longs;imam fo&longs; <lb/>&longs;a profind<gap/>tate/tum et ferti<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;&longs;im&atilde;">&longs;&longs;imam</expan> aquarum exuberantia red <lb/>diderit. Sed &iacute;uuent i&longs;ta reges potenti&longs;&longs;imos. <expan abbr="lung&atilde;t">lungant</expan> maria <lb/>maribus pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o &longs;patio quod inter utrunque &longs;it. Co&aelig;quent <lb/>montes uallib is: Faciant nouas in&longs;ulas: re&longs;tituantque rui &longs;us <lb/>in&longs;ulas continenti: nihil <expan abbr="relinqu&atilde;t">relinquant</expan> aliis: quo &longs;e po&longs;&longs;int imi <lb/>tari: eoque pacto &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;mendent">commendent</expan> po&longs;teritati. Certe quo <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> <lb/>quidem e<gap/>rum opera magis cum utilitate coniuncta: co et ma <lb/>gis probabuntur. <expan abbr="A&longs;&longs;ueuer&utilde;t">A&longs;&longs;ueuerunt</expan> ueteres afferre dignitatem <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> <lb/>locis et <gap/>s: tum etiam regioni religione. <expan abbr="Tot&atilde;">Totam</expan> &longs;iciliam <lb/>Cereri &longs;acra<gap/>am fui&longs;&longs;e legimus: &longs;ed i&longs;ta <expan abbr="pr&aelig;tere&atilde;tur">pr&aelig;tereantur</expan>. Illud <lb/>pplacebit: &longs;i erit <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> regio mirifica re aliqua pr&aelig;dita qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;it raritate &longs;ingularis: uirtute admirabilis: et &longs;uo in genere 
<pb/>pr&aelig;&longs;tabilis/uti quidem &longs;i forte c&aelig;lo erit pr&aelig; c&aelig;teris cmni <lb/>bus miti/ et incredibili &aelig;qualitate per&longs;eueranti. Qualis <lb/>apud meroem/ quo loci homines tam uiuant <expan abbr="&qtilde;diu">quadiu</expan> uelint. <lb/>Vtique &longs;i feret ea quidem regio aliquid nu&longs;quam ui&longs;um ali <lb/>bi: et generi hominum optabile atque &longs;alutare. Qualis e&longs;t <lb/>qu&aelig; &longs;uccinos/cinnamum/bal&longs;amum ue ferat. Vtique &longs;i di <lb/>uina uis aliqua inerit: Qualis &longs;olo eubo&longs;io in&longs;ula quam <expan abbr="o&itilde;">oim</expan> <lb/>penitus nocuo e&longs;&longs;e immunem ferunt. Aream quando ea qui <lb/>dem pars quota regionis e&longs;t cuncta h&aelig;c omnia hone&longs;tabunt <lb/>qu&aelig; ornamento regionis conferant: &longs;ed ab rerum natura <lb/>plure&longs; paratiore&longs;que pr&aelig;&longs;tantur commoditate&longs; quibus area <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quibus regio reddatur celeberrima: habentur enim qu&aelig; <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;im uariam et multiplicem admirationem &longs;ui pr&aelig;beant <lb/>promontoria petr&aelig;/uerruc&aelig;/auerni/ antra/fontes/et eiu&longs; <lb/>modi: quibus <expan abbr="admirati&otilde;is">admirationis</expan> cau&longs;a &aelig;difica&longs;&longs;e pr&aelig;&longs;tet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> alibi. <lb/>Neque de&longs;unt ueteris alicuius memori&aelig; ue&longs;tigia: <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> quibus <lb/>et tempora et rerum hominumque conditio attulerit quod ocu <lb/>los mente&longs;que moueat cum admiratione. Mitto illa. Et <expan abbr="loc&utilde;">locum</expan> <lb/>ubi troia fuit: et campos cruore madentes leuticos/tra&longs;ime <lb/>nos/et mille huiu&longs;modi. <expan abbr="Homin&utilde;">Hominum</expan> uero manus et <expan abbr="ingeni&utilde;">ingenium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> multa ad eam rem conferant/non facile dixerim. Mitto <lb/>c&aelig;tera qu&aelig; faciliora &longs;unt. Platanos per mare u&longs;que in in&longs;u <lb/>lam Diomedi&longs; aduecta&longs; are&aelig; condecorand&aelig; gratia. Et a ma <lb/>ximis uiris po&longs;itas <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas/">colunnas/</expan> obeli&longs;cos arbores/qu&aelig; po&longs;teri <lb/><expan abbr="ueneren&ttilde;">uenerentur</expan>. Quali&longs; apud <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> atheni&longs; diu &longs;tetit olea a <expan abbr="Nept&utilde;">Neptum</expan> <lb/>no et Minerua po&longs;ita. Mitto et multo aeuo &longs;eruatas et a ma <lb/>ioribus po&longs;teritati p manus traditas res. Qualis apud che/ <lb/>bron therobyntus: quam a principio mundi ad Io&longs;epbi hi&longs;to <lb/>rici tempora dura&longs;&longs;e ferunt. Illud pulcherrime faciet ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/>maiorem imodum hone&longs;tan am: commentum quidem ele <lb/>gans at que pera&longs;tutum: quod lege prohibuere/nequis mas <lb/>templum Bon&aelig; de&aelig;/ne ue in &aelig;dem Dian&aelig; ad porticum pa <lb/>triciam ingrederetur. Et apud tanagram/nequa mulier eu <lb/>no&longs;ti <expan abbr="luc&utilde;">lucum</expan>: ne ue item interiora <expan abbr="t&etilde;pli">templi</expan> ieru&longs;alem penetrare<gap/>
<pb/>tum et nequis ni&longs;i &longs;acerdos et &longs;acrificii tantum gratia ex fo <lb/>te apud panthos ablueretur. Nequis doliolis loco apud clo <lb/>acam rom&aelig; <expan abbr="maxim&atilde;">maximam</expan> ubi o&longs;&longs;a Pompilii regis &longs;int di&longs;puat. <lb/>Tum et aliquot &longs;acellis in&longs;erip&longs;ere ne quod &longs;cortum adhi/ <lb/>beatur. Sacellum Dian&aelig; <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> creta ni&longs;i pedibus nudis fas erat <lb/>ingredi. Et ancillam in aedem Matut&aelig; admittere non lice <lb/>bat: Apud rhodios templum Oridionis preco: Apud thene <lb/>dum tybicen templum Temnii non ingrediebatur. Ex lo/ <lb/>uis Alfi&longs;tii <expan abbr="t&etilde;plo">templo</expan> egredi fas non erat/ni prius &longs;acrifica&longs;&longs;et. <lb/>Athenis <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="aed&etilde;">aedem</expan> Palladis: et thebis <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="aed&etilde;">aedem</expan> Veneri&longs; <expan abbr="heder&atilde;">hederam</expan> in <lb/>ferre <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> licebat. In <expan abbr="t&etilde;plo">templo</expan> faun&aelig; <expan abbr="uin&utilde;">uinum</expan> ne licebat <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="no&itilde;nare">noinnare</expan> <lb/>Atque in&longs;tituere ne porta ianualis rom&aelig; unquam claudere <lb/>tur ni&longs;i quom e&longs;&longs;et bellum: ne ue templum Iani aperiretur <lb/>tur quom e&longs;&longs;et pax. Aedemque Hort&aelig; perpetuo aper/ <lb/>tam e&longs;&longs;e uoluere. Haec nos &longs;i quid erit ut imitari in&longs;titua/ <lb/>mus/ forta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="c&otilde;dicet">condicet</expan> &longs;i indictum &longs;it/ ne templa martyrum <lb/>mulier: et uirginum dearum uiri non ingrediantur. Illud <lb/>pr&aelig;terea <expan abbr="per&qtilde;digni&longs;&longs;imum">perquadigni&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;t modo fiat hominum <expan abbr="&itilde;genio">ingenio</expan> <lb/>quod factum quom legimus minus crederemns: ni per h&aelig;c <lb/>tempora locis nonnul&longs;is &longs;imilia uideremus. Sunt qui <expan abbr="dic&atilde;t">dicant</expan> <lb/>hominum effectum arte: ut bi&longs;antio &longs;erpentes neminem l&aelig; <lb/>dant: graculique illue intra moenia non peruolent. Et in <lb/>agro neapolitano cicad&aelig; non <expan abbr="audi&atilde;tur">audiantur</expan>. Auem creta <expan abbr="noctu&atilde;">noctuam</expan> <lb/>non ferat. Aedem Achillis in in&longs;ula bori&longs;tene auis nulla in <lb/>fe&longs;tarit. Rom&aelig; foro boario &aelig;dem Herculis nec mu&longs;ca intra <lb/>rit nec canis. Quid illud quod per h&aelig;c tempora uenetiis pu/ <lb/>blica cen&longs;orum tecta nullum genus mu&longs;carum &longs;ubit. Et apud <lb/>tolletum macello publico non plus unam toto anno uide/ <lb/>bis <expan abbr="mu&longs;c&atilde;/">mu&longs;can/</expan> et eam quidem in&longs;igni albed. <gap/>e notabilem. Ta <lb/>lia complurima qu&aelig; leguntur longum e&longs;&longs;et pro&longs;equi. et ea <lb/>quidem arte ne an potius natura &longs;uapte fiant/ non &longs;atis ha/ <lb/>beo quid referam. Quid tum? Et qua natura id fiat arte <lb/>quod aiunt. Ex tumulo regis bibrie ponti laurum extare<gap/><lb/>a quo &longs;i quid decerptum inferatur in nauim/iurgia illie ne 
<pb/><expan abbr="ce&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">ce&longs;&longs;ent</expan> donec <expan abbr="abicia&ttilde;">abiciatur</expan>. In fano Veneris apud paplos <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> ara <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>pluere. Apud <expan abbr="troad&etilde;">troadem</expan> circa &longs;imulachrum Min<gap/>ru&aelig; relicta &longs;a <lb/>crificia <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> putre&longs;cere. Ex tumulo Antei &longs;i qd <gap/><expan abbr="ut&utilde;">utum</expan> &longs;it<gap/>m/ <lb/>bres e c&aelig;lo &longs;pargi/donec effo&longs;&longs;a <expan abbr="replean&ttilde;">repleantur</expan>. Sed &longs;unt qui h&aelig;c <lb/><expan abbr="dem&utilde;">demum</expan> fieri po&longs;&longs;e affirmant aite: Iam <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <expan abbr="prid&etilde;">pridem</expan> ob&longs;oleta ima <lb/><expan abbr="gin&utilde;/quas">ginun/quas</expan> a&longs;tronomi &longs;ibi non ignotas e&longs;&longs;e profitentur. Ex <lb/>eo qui Apollonii uitam &longs;erip&longs;it memini ad regiam ba&longs;ili/ <lb/>cam apud babylonem magos tecto alliga&longs;&longs;e alites aureas <lb/>quartuor: quas illi deorum linguas nuncupabant: habui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>quidem uim/ut animos multitudinis ad regis amorem con <lb/>ciliarent. Tum et grauis auctor lo&longs;ephus a te&longs;tatur Elia/ <lb/>zarum &longs;e quendam uidi&longs;&longs;e/qui Ve&longs;pa&longs;iano &longs;pectante et fi <lb/>lus anulo ad nares Maniaci adacto/eum eue&longs;tigio libera/ <lb/>ret: prorofiteturque Salomonem in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e carmina/quibus <lb/>egritudines mitigentur. Et Serapis inquit Eu&longs;ebius pam/ <lb/>phylus apud aegyptios/quem nos Plutonem dicimus &longs;im/ <lb/>bola edidit/quious demones expellantur: docuitque quo <lb/>pacto demones a&longs;&longs;umpta brutorum figura in&longs;ultent. Et <lb/>Seruius &longs;olitos refert homines certis con&longs;ecrationibus mu <lb/>niri aduer&longs;us fortun&aelig; <expan abbr="impet&utilde;">impetum</expan>: ne ue mori quidem ni&longs;i illa <lb/>con&longs;ecratione exauctorati po&longs;&longs;ent. H&aelig;c &longs;i ita &longs;unt/ facile <lb/>adducar ut <expan abbr="cred&atilde;">credam</expan> quod ex Plutarcho legimur. <expan abbr="Simulachr&utilde;">Simulachrum</expan> <lb/>apud peleneos fui&longs;&longs;e/quod a &longs;acerdote amotum a templo/ <lb/>quoquo uer&longs;us &longs;pecta&longs;let omnia terrore et maxima peitur/ <lb/>batione conficiebat: quod ue oculi nulli poterant pre timo <lb/>re intueri. Sed dicta h&aelig;c &longs;int animi gratia. C&aelig;tera qu&aelig; ge <lb/>neratim ad aream hone&longs;tandam faciant: uti e&longs;t ambitus/cir <lb/><expan abbr="c&utilde;&longs;eriptio/aggeratio/complanatio/&longs;tabilitio/et">cun&longs;eriptio/aggeratio/complanatio/&longs;tabilitio/et</expan> eiu&longs;modi <lb/>non habeo quid amplius dicam/ni&longs;i ut ea ex primo et item <lb/>ex tertio &longs;uperioribus libris repetas. Hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima quidem <lb/>erit qu&aelig; uti admonuimus &longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima &aelig;quabilis con&longs;olida/ <lb/>taque lit <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> ad rem cui &longs;eruire oporteat apti&longs;&longs;ima atque expe <lb/>diti&longs;&longs;ima/ egregieque confert/ &longs;i erit in&longs;tiata ope eru&longs;taceo: <lb/>de quo mox dicemus <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> de pariete tractabimus. Hoc etiam 
<pb/>&longs;aciet ad rem quod monebat Plato dignioiem futuram lo<gap/><lb/>auctoritatem/&longs;i ei nomen &longs;plendidi&longs;&longs;imum impo&longs;ueri<gap/><lb/>argumentum placui&longs;&longs;e Adriano principi indicio &longs;unt lieu&longs; <lb/>canopeius/academia/ tempe/ et clari&longs;&longs;ima ciu&longs;modi <gap/>mi <lb/>na ab &longs;e cenaculis uill&aelig; <gap/>yburtin&aelig; impo&longs;ita. Partitio item <lb/>et &longs;i magna ex parte primo libro tractata &longs;<gap/>: de ea tam<gap/> &longs;ic <lb/>breui&longs;&longs;ime repetemus. In re omni primar<gap/>m ornamentum <lb/>e&longs;t carere omni indecentia. Erit igitur decens partitio qu&aelig; <lb/>&longs;it non interrupta/non confu&longs;a/non perturbata/non di&longs;&longs;o <lb/>luta/non ex male conuenientibus compacta: eritque mem <lb/>biis non nimium multis/non nimium minutis/non <expan abbr="nimi&utilde;">nimium</expan> <lb/>ua&longs;tis/non nimium di&longs;&longs;onis atque deformibus/non qua&longs;i a <lb/>c&aelig;tero corpore diuul&longs;is et di&longs;&longs;ipatis: &longs;ed erunt omnia pro <lb/>natura et utilitate et tractatione rerum agendarum ita di&longs;&longs;i <lb/>nita/ita <expan abbr="explicata/ordine/numero/amplitud&itilde;e/collocatio">explicata/ordine/numero/amplitudine/collocatio</expan> <lb/>ne/forma: ut nullam partem totius operis &longs;ine aliqua nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;itate/&longs;ine multa commoditate/&longs;ine grati&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="pti&utilde;">ptium</expan> con/ <lb/>cinnitate effectam intelligamus. Nam cum his quidem &longs;i <lb/>bene conuenerit partrtio omnis: illic ornamentoium <expan abbr="iuc&utilde;">iucum</expan> <lb/>ditas et decor cum recte con&longs;tabit: tum clarius cluce&longs;cet. <lb/>Si non conuenerit: nullam proculdubio &longs;eruare <expan abbr="dignitar&etilde;">dignitarem</expan> <lb/>poterit. Itaque totam con&longs;oimationem membiorum didu <lb/>ctam et perfectam e&longs;&longs;e oportet ad con&longs;en&longs;um <expan abbr="quend&atilde;">quendam</expan> nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;itatis et <expan abbr="c&otilde;moditatis">commoditatis</expan>: ut <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="t&atilde;">tam</expan> ade&longs;&longs;o has atque alteras ha&longs;ce <lb/>ptes iuuet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tas ip&longs;as i&longs;tic i&longs;tocque ordine &longs;itu/adiunct<gap/>/ <lb/><expan abbr="collocatione/c&otilde;formationeque">collocatione/conformationeque</expan> ip&longs;a <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> qua <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> po&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>egregie conferat. Circa parietem atque tectum <expan abbr="exorn&atilde;dum">exornandum</expan> <lb/>pluribus tibi erit locus: u<gap/>i rari&longs;&longs;ima natur&aelig; munera et ar <lb/>tis peritiam et artificis di<gap/><expan abbr="g&etilde;tiam">gentiam</expan> ingenuque uim explices. <lb/>Quod &longs;i forte dabitur facultas ut po&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="ueter&etilde;">ueterem</expan> illum O<gap/>y/ <lb/>rim imitari: quem duo condidi&longs;&longs;e templa ferunt aurea: <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan> <lb/>c&aelig;le&longs;ti: alterum regio Ioui. Aut ut po&longs;&longs;is lapide &longs;upia ho/ <lb/>minum opinionem maximo attollere: qualem Semiramis <lb/>a montibus deuexit arabi&aelig;: <expan abbr="Lat&utilde;">Latum</expan> quoque uei&longs;us cubitos. xx. 
<pb/>longum ad. el. Aut &longs;i tanta dabitur lapidum magnitudo: <lb/>ut ex eo po&longs;&longs;is integram aliquam totius operis partem per <lb/>ficere: qualem &aelig;gypto fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;eruut ad templum laton&aelig; &longs;a <lb/>cellum/latum fronte cubitos. xl. unico et integro <expan abbr="exculpt&utilde;">exculptum</expan> <lb/>lapide: altero<gap/> item unico contectum lapide. Profecto id <lb/>quidem operi multum afferet admiracionis coque magis &longs;i <lb/>pegrinus difficili<gap/> &longs;it deuectus uia: <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> &longs;eribit Herodo <lb/>tus ab <expan abbr="eleph&atilde;to">elephanto</expan> oppido <expan abbr="petit&utilde;">petitum</expan> fronte <expan abbr="lat&utilde;">latum</expan> cubitos plus. xx. <lb/>altum. xv. tractum u&longs;<gap/> &longs;ui itinere dierum. xx.</s>
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<s>Ad rationes etiam ornamentorum egregie pertinebit: &longs;i di <lb/>gnus admiratione qui uis lapis loco erit po&longs;itus nobili atque<lb/>in&longs;igni. Apud chennim in&longs;ulam in &aelig;gypto <expan abbr="&longs;acell&utilde;">&longs;acellum</expan> illic no <lb/>tam <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> quidem mitabile quod unico &longs;it tectum <expan abbr="lapide/&qtilde;">lapide/quae</expan> quod pa <lb/>rietibus tam altis tantorum cubitorum lapis impo&longs;itus &longs;it. <lb/>Afferet etiam ornamentum ip&longs;ius lapidis raritas atque ele <lb/><expan abbr="g&atilde;tia">gantia</expan>: pata &longs;i erit ex genere marmoris: quo &aelig;dem fortun&aelig; <lb/>aurea in domo &longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e principem neronem ferunt: puro/ <lb/>candido / tralucido: ut etiam nullis adapertis foribus in/ <lb/>tus e&longs;&longs;e lux inclu&longs;a uideretur. Denique i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>ferent. Sed qualiacunque i&longs;ta quidem &longs;int inepta erunt: ni ac <lb/>curatus in componendo <expan abbr="&longs;erue&ttilde;">&longs;eruetur</expan> ordo et modus. Singula <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> <lb/>ad numeium redigenda &longs;unt omnia ut paribus paria: dex/ <lb/>t<gap/>a &longs;ini&longs;tris: &longs;umma infimis re&longs;pondeant: nihil <expan abbr="intermi&longs;c&etilde;">intermi&longs;cem</expan> <lb/>dum quod perturbet aut res aut ordines. Omnia ad certos <lb/>angulos paribus lineis ad&aelig;quanda. Videre quidem licet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>interdum ignobilis materia quod arte tractata &longs;it plus afferat <lb/>grati&aelig; <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> afferat nobilis alibi <expan abbr="c&otilde;fu&longs;e">confu&longs;e</expan> aceruata. murum athe/ <lb/>n<gap/> q<gap/>m tumultuario factum opere &longs;eribit Tuchidides <gap/>a <lb/>p<gap/>is etiam &longs;epulchrorum &longs;tatuis/quis ea re <expan abbr="pulchr&utilde;">pulchrum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e af/ <lb/>fu mabit, quod clade &longs;tatuarum refertus &longs;it <gap/> At contra iuuat <lb/><gap/> ru&longs;t<gap/>cani&longs; ueterum &aelig;dificiis lapide incerto/minuto ope <lb/><gap/>que conge&longs;titio aceruatos parietes &longs;pectare/ ubi ordinibus <lb/>&longs;tant &aelig;quatis coloribus alternatim albo nigroque di&longs;tinetis/ <lb/>quoad pro operis tenuitate amplius nihil de&longs;ideretur. Sed 
<pb/>h&aelig;c forta&longs;&longs;is magis ad eam partem parietis qu&aelig; <expan abbr="cru&longs;tat&otilde;">cru&longs;tatom</expan> d: <lb/>citur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad perpetuos parietes tollendos pertinet. C&aelig;terum <lb/>omnes ita di&longs;tribuentur copi&aelig;: ut nihil inceptum ni&longs;i ex at <lb/>tis et con&longs;ilii de&longs;tinatione: nihil adactum ni&longs;i ex incepti ra <lb/>tionibus: nihil pro ab&longs;oluto relictum quod ip&longs;um <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> &longs;it <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;">&longs;um</expan> <lb/>ma diligentia curaque elaboratum atque per&longs;initum. Sed pri <lb/>marium parietis tectique <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tum">ornamentum</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;ertim te&longs;tudinati <lb/>crit: p&longs;a cru&longs;tatio/colum nationem &longs;emper excipio. Ea qui <lb/>dem erit multiplex: albaria pura: albaria in&longs;ignita: picto/ <lb/>ria contabulata/ &longs;ectilis uitrea et qu&aelig; ex his partibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>&longs;tet mixta. De his nobis di<gap/><expan abbr="nd&utilde;">ndum</expan> qu&aelig; &longs;int et qu&aelig; fiant. Sed <lb/>quoniam maximorum lapidum mouendorum men lo <gap/><lb/>ta e&longs;t: locus hic admonet: ut prius re&longs;eramus quo pacto tan <lb/>te moles trahantur: atque di&longs;&longs;icillimis locis imponantur. <lb/>Refert Plutarchus Archimedem apud &longs;yracu&longs;as per n <expan abbr="edi&utilde;">edium</expan> <lb/>forum traxi&longs;&longs;e onu&longs;tam onerariam nauim qua&longs;i iument<gap/>m <lb/>loro et manu. Mathem athicum ingenium. At nos tantum <lb/>qi&aelig; u&longs;ibus commodentur pro&longs;equemur: po&longs;tremo <expan abbr="cti&atilde;">ctiam</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>nihil explicabimus: ex quo docta et acuta ingernia rem <expan abbr="h&atilde;c">hanc</expan> <lb/>haud ob&longs;cure ex &longs;e percipere po&longs;&longs;int. Ex Plinio &longs;ic compe <lb/>rio obeli&longs;cum deuectum thebas a focis fo&longs;&longs;a ex nilo pio. u/ <lb/>cta/&longs;ubmi&longs;&longs;is lapidi nauibus pionis laterculo: moxque exina <lb/>nitis/ut <expan abbr="c&otilde;uehendi">conuehendi</expan> lapidis onus <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;cept&utilde;">&longs;u&longs;ceptum</expan> <expan abbr="leuar&etilde;t">leuarent</expan>. Ex Amia <lb/>no marcellino hi&longs;torico &longs;ic comperio. Conuectum ex nilo <lb/>obeli&longs;cum naui remigum trecentorum impo&longs;itum uolgiis <lb/>et tractum a tertio urbis lapide porta ho&longs;tien&longs;i in <expan abbr="circ&utilde;">circum</expan> ma <lb/>ximum. In coque erigendo multa hominum milia labo<gap/> a&longs;&longs;e: <lb/>toto circo referto machinis alti&longs;&longs;imarum <expan abbr="trabi&utilde;">trabium</expan> et ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imo <lb/><expan abbr="r&utilde;">rum</expan> <expan abbr="funi&utilde;">funium</expan>. Ex Vitruuio legimus <expan abbr="Cre&longs;iphon&etilde;">Cre&longs;iphonem</expan> <expan abbr="patr&etilde;">patrem</expan> et Me/ <lb/><expan abbr="chagen&etilde;">chagenem</expan> <expan abbr="fili&utilde;">filium</expan> <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan> et epi&longs;tilia duxi&longs;&longs;e eph<gap/>&longs;um a chylin <lb/>dris <expan abbr="c&otilde;m&etilde;to">commento</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;pto">&longs;umpto</expan> quo <expan abbr="are&atilde;">aream</expan> ueteres <expan abbr="c&otilde;planare">complanare</expan> <expan abbr="iube&atilde;t">iubeant</expan>. Affi <lb/>xit <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> et &longs;irmauit <expan abbr="pl&utilde;bo">plumbo</expan> &longs;ingulis extremis capitibus lapi <lb/><expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> &longs;ingulos acus ferreos porrectos: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> pro axe iotarum<lb/>extarent: rota&longs;que hinc atque hinc axibus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi adegit 
<pb/>amplitudine tam latas: ut ferreis illis ex axibus lapides ip&longs;i <lb/>penderent: inde uer&longs;atu rotarum motos ac deportatos. Che <lb/>minium &aelig;gyotium ferunt in pyramide a&longs;truenda qd e&longs;&longs;et <lb/>opus altum &longs;ladia plus &longs;ex factis aggeribus ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos la/ <lb/>pides apporta&longs;&longs;<gap/>. Cleopam Ra&longs;init&aelig; filium &longs;cribit Herodo <lb/>tus in ea pyramide qua a&longs;truenda centena milia hominum <lb/>annos plures fatiga&longs;&longs;et/gradus extrin&longs;ecus reliqui&longs;&longs;e: quo <lb/>ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi lapides breuibus tignis et aptis machinis admo/ <lb/>uerentur. Tum et illud mandarunt litteris: alibi lapideos <lb/>ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos trabes altis columnis fui&longs;&longs;e impo&longs;itos in <expan abbr="mod&utilde;">modum</expan> <lb/>hunc. In trabis enim mediam longitudinem duos &longs;ub&longs;titue <lb/>runt tran&longs;uer&longs;os thorulos mutuo contiguos: mox in <expan abbr="alter&utilde;">alterum</expan> <lb/>trabis caput <expan abbr="aceruar&utilde;t">aceruarunt</expan> &longs;portulas plenas harena: qua pre&longs;&longs;io <lb/>ne caput alterum quod <expan abbr="nud&utilde;">nudum</expan> e&longs;&longs;et alleuaretur: et alter tho <lb/>rulu&longs; pondere imunis relinqueretur tran&longs;latis &longs;ubinde &longs;por <lb/>tulis/inque alterum iam &longs;ublatum caput alternatim coacer/ <lb/>uatis/et thorulis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&itilde;de">&longs;ubinde</expan> altioribus ea parte &longs;ub&longs;titutis/ qua <lb/>immi&longs;&longs;io apertior pateret: a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt ut &longs;en&longs;im lapis qua <lb/>&longs;i &longs;ua &longs;ponte <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;deret">con&longs;cenderet</expan>: H&aelig;c breui&longs;&longs;ime collecta ab ip&longs;is <lb/>auctoribus prolixius di&longs;cenda linquimus. <expan abbr="C&aelig;ter&utilde;">C&aelig;terum</expan> pro ope <lb/>ris in&longs;tituto pauca qu&aelig; ad rem faciant &longs;uccincte repetenda <lb/>&longs;unt: non hic in&longs;i&longs;to: ut illa explicem <expan abbr="p&otilde;deri">ponderi</expan> <expan abbr="natur&atilde;">naturam</expan> ine&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ut continuo premat: ob&longs;tinate querat inferiora: attolli toti&longs; <lb/>uiribus repugnet: nu&longs;quam cedat loco/ ni&longs;i ut uictor/ aut <lb/>maiori pondere puincente/ aut contraria ui prepotente: neque<lb/>motus e&longs;&longs;e uarios repeto: a centro in <expan abbr="c&etilde;trum/circa">centrum/circa</expan> <expan abbr="centr&utilde;/">centrun/</expan> <lb/>et uehi alia/trahi <expan abbr="alia/&itilde;pelli">alia/impelli</expan> alia et eiu&longs;modi: de hi&longs;ce di&longs;q <lb/>&longs;itionibus alibi prolixius. Hoc &longs;tet apud nos: <expan abbr="p&otilde;dera">pondera</expan> <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> <lb/>facilius moueri <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quom de&longs;cendant: &longs;ponte enim <expan abbr="mouen&ttilde;">mouentur</expan>. <lb/>Nunquam difficilius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ubilcon&longs;cendant: natura enim repu <lb/>gnat. Tertium uero quendam atque inter hos medium e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>motum: et forta&longs;&longs;e qui utriu&longs;que horum naturam &longs;apiat: qui <lb/>quidem neque &longs;uapte mouetur: neque ob&longs;equi repugnet: uti <lb/>quom plano et minime impedito trahitur uado. C&aelig;teros 
<pb/>omnes motus quo huic uel huic proximiores &longs;unt/eo aut &longs;a <lb/>ciliores aut difficiliores e&longs;&longs;e. Quo autem pacto immania <lb/>pondera moueri po&longs;&longs;int/ ip&longs;a rerum natura multa ex parte <lb/>mon&longs;tra&longs;&longs;e ui&longs;a e&longs;t. <expan abbr="N&atilde;que">Nanque</expan> uidere quidem licet qu&aelig; &longs;tantem <lb/>in columnam imponantur pondera facili appu&longs;&longs;u porturba <lb/>ri: et cum ad ca&longs;um moueri ceperint nulla ui admodum <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tineri po&longs;&longs;e. Tum et &longs;pectare quidem licet columnas ip&longs;as <lb/>teretes/et orbes rotarum/ et uolubilia facile moueri: &aelig;gre <lb/>con&longs;i&longs;tere &longs;i rotentur: eadem &longs;i in&longs;tituas trahere/ ita ut non <lb/>rotentur/non facile per&longs;equi. Tum et in promptu e&longs;t maxi <lb/>ma pondera nauium leui appul&longs;u &longs;tagnantes per aquas mo <lb/>ueri &longs;i trahendo per&longs;eueres. Si uero arietes eas ne maximo <lb/>quidem &longs;ubito quo uelis ictu moueri: et contra ictu repen <lb/>tino concitatoque impul&longs;u qu&aelig;dam moueri. qu&aelig; alioquin <lb/>non &longs;ine maxima ponderum ui <expan abbr="dimouer&etilde;tur">dimouerentur</expan>. Supra glacie <lb/>quoque grauia haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> repugnanter <expan abbr="trah&etilde;tem">trahentem</expan> &longs;equi. Pr&aelig; <lb/>longo item qu&aelig; pendeant fune alligata aliquot <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;pa/ <lb/>tium e&longs;&longs;e ad motum prompta per&longs;picimus. I&longs;torum ratio <lb/>nes aduerti&longs;&longs;e atque imita&longs;&longs;e conferet: nos ea &longs;uccincte <expan abbr="tr&atilde;">tram</expan> <lb/>&longs;igamus. Carina ponderis omnino &longs;olida et co&aelig;quabilis &longs;it <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ea quo erit latior: eo minus obteret &longs;ub&longs;trata ua <lb/>da: quo erit gratilior/co expeditior: &longs;ed &longs;ulcabit uada et ob <lb/>uorabitur. Ad carinam ponderis &longs;i aderunt anguli: utetur <lb/>qua&longs;i unguibus ad uada carpenda atque renitendum. Vada <lb/>&longs;i erunt lubrica/&longs;ub&longs;olidata/&aelig;qualia/con&longs;tantia/nu&longs;quam <lb/>cadentia/nu&longs;quam &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="attollentia/nu&longs;&qtilde;">attollentia/nu&longs;quae</expan> obfudentia quod <lb/>interpellet: illud proculdubio <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> hababit pondus quod <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tra certet/aut ob&longs;equi recu&longs;et/pr&aelig;ter unum id quod ip&longs;um <lb/>pondus natura &longs;ui quietis amanti&longs;&longs;imum &longs;it: et perinde pi <lb/>grum et moro&longs;um. I&longs;tis &longs;imilia forta&longs;&longs;is intuens Archime <lb/>des et rerum earum quas <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimns">recen&longs;uimns</expan> uim altius <expan abbr="repet&etilde;s">repetens</expan> adduci <lb/>ui&longs;us <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> ut diceret. Si <expan abbr="t&atilde;t&aelig;">tant&aelig;</expan> molis <expan abbr="dare&ttilde;">daretur</expan> ba&longs;is: profecto &longs;e <expan abbr="m&utilde;d&utilde;">mundum</expan> <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e puertere. In carina <expan abbr="uadoquepar&atilde;do">uadoqueparando</expan> qu&aelig; i&longs;tic qu&aelig;rimus <lb/>p <expan abbr="c&otilde;mode">commode</expan> a&longs;&longs;equemur. Trabes <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;ternen&ttilde;">in&longs;ternentur</expan> pro poderis u<gap/>
<pb/>&longs;titate numero atque era&longs;&longs;itudine et robore <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;tes">frequentes</expan> fi<gap/>mi <lb/>co&aelig;quales nu&longs;quam &longs;cabri <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> iuncturis <expan abbr="&itilde;terrupti">interrupti</expan> inter ca <lb/>rinam atque uadnm medium quippiam e&longs;&longs;e oportet: quo <lb/>id iter lubricum reddatur. Lubricant &longs;apone aut &longs;epo aut <lb/>amurca/aut madente &longs;orta&longs;&longs;is lotura cret&aelig;. E&longs;t et aliud lu <lb/><expan abbr="bric&atilde;di">bricandi</expan> genus quod fit <expan abbr="chil&itilde;dris">chilindris</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;uer&longs;&utilde;">tran&longs;uer&longs;um</expan> &longs;ub&longs;titutis. Hic <lb/>&longs;i erunt numero complures/difficile ad lineas equi di&longs;tan <lb/>tes atque di&longs;tinatiores pro itinere agendo directos coapta/ <lb/>buntur: quod omnino nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t fieri ne perturbent atque <lb/>&longs;ubradant: pondu&longs;que in alteram partem uehant: &longs;ed una <lb/>con&longs;piratione in officio &longs;ub&longs;equantur. Si <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> numero pau <lb/>ciores: illic quidem aut &longs;ub pondere deficientes fati&longs;cent: <lb/>ac re&longs;oluti remorabuntur: aut qua una linea &longs;ub&longs;tratam ua/ <lb/>di &longs;uperficiem: qua ue altera item una linea &longs;uper <expan abbr="impo&longs;it&atilde;">impo&longs;itam</expan> <lb/>ponderis carinam attingunt qua&longs;i acie penetrando infigen <lb/>tur/ atque h&aelig;rebunt chilindri corpus co&aelig;qualibus circulis <lb/>compluribus altero alteris conge&longs;tis. Con&longs;tat et circulum <lb/>apud mathemathicos a&longs;&longs;eritur rectam non po&longs;&longs;e lineam <lb/>puncto plus uno attingere. Hinc nos chilindri aciem appel <lb/>lamus lineam/quam unicam pondus ex clylindro premat. <lb/>I&longs;tis prouidebitur materie den&longs;itate/et linearum notatione <lb/>ad normam atque directione. Sed quom pr&aelig;ter h&aelig;c etiam <lb/>&longs;unt qu&aelig; u&longs;u comprobentur. Rot&aelig;/ trocle&aelig;/coclea/atque <lb/>uectes: de his accuratius tractandum e&longs;t. Sunt enim rot&aelig; <lb/>uolgulis multa ex parte &longs;imiles. Semper enim unicum in <lb/>punctum premunt ex <expan abbr="pp&etilde;diculari">ppendiculari</expan>. Sed hoc intere&longs;t quod rotu <lb/>li expeditiores &longs;unt: rot&aelig; axium interfrictione tardantur. <lb/>Rot&aelig; partes &longs;unt tris: ambiens extremus ampli&longs;&longs;imus lim <lb/>bus circuli: medius axis: et circulus is in quo axis induca <lb/>tur qua&longs;i in armilla. Id alii forta&longs;&longs;is polum appellarent/ <lb/>nos quod in aliis machinis &longs;tet/ in aliis uero moueat: &longs;i ita <lb/>licet: axeclam nuncupabimus. Rota &longs;i axe uoluetur cra&longs;/ <lb/>&longs;o: durius prolabetur: &longs;i tenui/ pondera non tolerabit. <lb/>Rotarum extremus ambitus &longs;i breuis: quod de rotulis di 
<pb/>ximus in&longs;igitur uado: &longs;i latusuacillat in alterutras partes. <lb/>Et &longs;i diuertendum forte in dexteram aut &longs;ini&longs;tram e&longs;t: egre <lb/><expan abbr="obtemper&atilde;t">obtemperant</expan>. Axecla &longs;i plus &longs;atis aperta e&longs;t rodendo exitat: <lb/>&longs;i nimium arcta fit <expan abbr="c&otilde;tumax">contumax</expan>. Medium inter axem et <expan abbr="axecl&atilde;">axeclam</expan> <lb/>lubricum e&longs;&longs;e oportet. Nam horum alter pro uado: alter pro <lb/>carina ponderis e&longs;t. Rotuli et rot&aelig; ex ulmo ilice. Axes aq <lb/>&longs;olio et corno aut potius ferro axecla <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> optima ex &aelig;re <lb/>&longs;tagni parte ex tertia <expan abbr="&itilde;mixta">immixta</expan>. Cicleol&aelig; pu&longs;ill&aelig; &longs;unt rot&aelig;. <lb/>Vectis radios rotarum &longs;equitur. Sed <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;m&otilde;i">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> omnia qua <lb/>liacunque &longs;int: &longs;iue &longs;int ingentes rot&aelig;: quas immi&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="hom&itilde;es">homines</expan> <lb/>calcando inuertant: &longs;iue &longs;int ergan&aelig; aut cocle&aelig;/ in quibus <lb/>uectis in primis ualet: aut cicleol&aelig;/et qu&aelig; uis generis eiu&longs; <lb/>dem: omnium e&longs;t quidem ratio ex principi<gap/>s ducta libr&aelig;. <lb/>Mercurium ferunt uel maxime ob hancrem diuinum habi <lb/>tum/ quod nullo &longs;igno manus: &longs;ed &longs;olis uerbis qu&aelig; diceret ita <lb/>diceret ut plane intelligeretur. Id ego &longs;i uerear po&longs;&longs;e a&longs;&longs;eq <lb/>tamen pro uiribus conabimur. Nam in&longs;titui non ut mathe <lb/>mathicus &longs;ed ueluti faber de his rebus loqui: <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> plus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qd <lb/><expan abbr="pr&aelig;tereund&utilde;">pr&aelig;tereundum</expan> non &longs;it. E&longs;to &longs;it inter manus di&longs;cend&aelig; rei gra <lb/>tia iaculum: in eo tris locos uelim con&longs;ideres/quos puncta <lb/>nuncupo. Duo extrema capita <expan abbr="ferr&utilde;">ferrum</expan> atque pynnulas: <expan abbr="terti&utilde;">tertium</expan> <lb/>e&longs;t medium <expan abbr="ament&utilde;">amentum</expan>. Qu&aelig; uero &longs;patia inter <expan abbr="p&utilde;cta">puncta</expan> h&aelig;c &longs;int <lb/>ab amento ad capita radios nuncupo. <expan abbr="N&otilde;">non</expan> di&longs;puto quid ita <lb/>&longs;it/&longs;ed ip&longs;a res patebit experimento. Nanque &longs;i erit quidem <lb/>amentum t&aelig;lo &longs;itum medio/et &aelig;qualia pynnulis pondera <lb/>re&longs;pondeant ferro: &longs;tabunt &longs;ane alterutra iaculi capita mu <lb/>tuo renitentia et collibrata. Sin erit forta&longs;&longs;is ferratum ca/ <lb/>put grauius peruincentur pynnul&aelig;. Erit t<gap/>men <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> iaculo cer <lb/>tus locus grauiori capiti propinquior: quo &longs;i<gap/>amentum re/ <lb/>duxeris/&longs;e&longs;e pondera ilico acquilibrabunt. Is erit punctus <lb/>ille/a quo maior hic radius <expan abbr="t&atilde;tum">tantum</expan> exuperat minorem <expan abbr="&qtilde;t&utilde;">quatum</expan> <lb/>minus hoc pondus ab maiore <expan abbr="exupa&ttilde;">exupatur</expan>: <expan abbr="C&otilde;pe">Compe</expan><gap/><expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <gap/>ni fecere q <lb/>i&longs;ta <expan abbr="queritar&utilde;t">queritarunt</expan> radios <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> pares <expan abbr="p&otilde;deribus">ponderibus</expan> <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> pibus ae quaii <lb/><expan abbr="m&otilde;">mom</expan> numeri <expan abbr="parti&utilde;">partium</expan> qui ex radio atque ex <expan abbr="p&otilde;dere">pondere</expan> una collec<gap/>
<pb/><expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;t">&longs;unt</expan> in dextra contrarii&longs; talibus in &longs;ini&longs;tram numeris re&longs;pon <lb/>deant. Nam &longs;i erit ferrum tria/pynnul&aelig; duo ab amento ad <lb/>ferrum radius duo &longs;it oportet: et radius alter ad pynnulas tria <lb/>Ex quo <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> hic numerus quinque alteris quinque par <expan abbr="re&longs;p&otilde;de">re&longs;ponde</expan> <lb/>bit: &aelig;quatis radiorum et ponderum rationibus quie&longs;cent &aelig;qui <lb/>librati et compares: &longs;i non <expan abbr="re&longs;p&otilde;debunt">re&longs;pondebunt</expan> numeri peruincet: <lb/>in quo excedent. Illud non pr&aelig;tereo/ ab eodem amento &longs;i <lb/>pares protendentur radii pares <expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> capita mouebuntur aere <lb/>circulos <expan abbr="&longs;ignab&utilde;t">&longs;ignabunt</expan> Si uero <expan abbr="&itilde;pares">impares</expan> quoque et <expan abbr="&itilde;pares">impares</expan> <expan abbr="de&longs;erib&etilde;t">de&longs;eribent</expan> <lb/>circulos circulis contineri rotas diximus: mon&longs;tratum id/ <lb/>circo e&longs;t &longs;i uno eodemque motu du&aelig; <expan abbr="c&otilde;tigu&aelig;">contigu&aelig;</expan> unicum affix&aelig; <lb/>in axem rot&aelig; <expan abbr="mouean&ttilde;">moueantur</expan>: ita ut mota una altera non quie&longs;cat: <lb/>et quie&longs;cente una altera non moueatur ex radiorum in utri&longs;que<lb/>longitudine qu&aelig; nam in unaquaque &longs;it uis intelligemus. Ra <lb/>dii longitudinem nota&longs;&longs;e oportet a medio intimi axis pun <lb/>cto. H&aelig;c &longs;i &longs;atis <expan abbr="&itilde;telliguntur">intelliguntur</expan> omnis quam qu&aelig;rimus ratio <lb/>buiu&longs;modi machinarum <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> aperto e&longs;t maxime rotarum et uectis. <lb/>In trocleis paululum e&longs;t amplius quod con&longs;ideremus. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <lb/>et traductus per trocleam funis et orbiculi ip&longs;i in troclea pro<lb/>uado &longs;unt: in quo medius quidem &longs;it motus/quem e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&itilde;tra">intra</expan> <lb/>difficillimum atque facillimum diximus: quod neque a&longs;cendat <lb/>neque de&longs;cendat: &longs;ed in &longs;uum centrum &aelig;quate obin&longs;tet. Atq <lb/>ut intelligas quid &longs;it in re: <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mito">&longs;ummito</expan> tibi &longs;tatuam pondo. M. <lb/>H&aelig;c &longs;i ex arboris trunco fune illaqueata pendebit/ certum <lb/>e&longs;t/&longs;implicem funem i&longs;tunc mille integra &longs;u&longs;tinere: Adne <lb/>etito ad &longs;tatuam trocleam: et per eam traducito funem quo <lb/>pendebat &longs;tatua: et reducito ad truncum: ut iterato <expan abbr="p&etilde;deat">pendeat</expan>: <lb/>promptum e&longs;t &longs;tatu&aelig; podus duplicato pendere fune: atque <lb/>trocleam per &aelig;quilibra medium inter&longs;tringi. Pro&longs;equere <lb/>addito etiam trunco alteram trocleam et per eam &qring;uoque tra <lb/>ducito ip&longs;um funem: quero a te quota erit ponderis portio: <lb/><expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> reducta in <expan abbr="alt&utilde;">altum</expan> et mox traducta pars funis &longs;u&longs;tinebit? <lb/>quingenta inquies. <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> tu exinde intelligis <expan abbr="&longs;ec&utilde;de">&longs;ecunde</expan> huic tro <lb/>cle&aelig; dari pondus non po&longs;&longs;e maius ab fune ip&longs;o <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod b<gap/>
<pb/>beat. Habebit ergo. V. non longius progrediar. Hucu&longs;que<lb/>&longs;atis mon&longs;tratum puto diuidi pondus trocleis: exindeque <lb/>maiora moueri pondera minore. Quot enim <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> i&longs;tiu&longs;mo <lb/>di conduplicationes: tot erunt ponderis di&longs;partitiones: ex <lb/>quo illud &longs;equitur/ ut quo plures adhibeantur orbiculi: eo <lb/>pondus qua&longs;i conci&longs;um et in partes di&longs;gregatum <expan abbr="c&otilde;modiu&longs;">commodiu&longs;</expan> <lb/>tractetur. Diximus de rota et troclea et uecte. <expan abbr="N&utilde;c">Nunc</expan> uelim <lb/>intelligas cocleam con&longs;tare anulis: qui quidem in &longs;e <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus">pondus</expan> <lb/>&longs;u&longs;tinendum &longs;u&longs;cipiant. Hi anuli &longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent integri et <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> ita <lb/>c&aelig;&longs;i/ut finis unius alteriu&longs; principio iungeretur/procul<gap/>u <lb/>bio motum in eis pondus neque a&longs;cenderet neque de&longs;cenderet: <lb/>&longs;ed &aelig;quabili uado per cycli ambitum traberetur. Cogitur <lb/>igitur ui uectis pondus per anuli obliquitates labi. Rur&longs;us <lb/>&longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent hi quidem anuil ambitu perpu&longs;illi: et centro fini/ <lb/>timi nimirum uecte breuiore <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus/">pondus/</expan> et uiribus leuioribus <lb/>moueretur. Hic non reticebo quid me dicturum non puta <lb/>ui. Tu &longs;i rem ita parabis/ut ponderis carina quoad id ma/ <lb/>nus et fabri ars po&longs;&longs;it a&longs;&longs;equi/ &longs;it <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> amplior puncto. et &longs;ta <lb/>bili in uado/ita moueatur: ut motu &longs;uo lineas in uado effi <lb/>ciat nullas. Hoc te&longs;tor Archimedis nauim mouebis et i&longs;ti <lb/>u&longs;modi que uoles con&longs;equeris. Sed de his alibi. <expan abbr="Har&utilde;">Harum</expan> <expan abbr="rer&utilde;">rerum</expan> <lb/>quas recen&longs;uimus &longs;ingul&aelig; per &longs;e ad pondus mouendum ua <lb/>lidi&longs;&longs;im&aelig; &longs;unt. Quod &longs;i una omnes iungentur in unum mi <lb/>rifice'ualebunt. Apud germanos pa&longs;&longs;im <expan abbr="off&etilde;des">offendes</expan> <expan abbr="ludib&utilde;d&atilde;">ludibundam</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <lb/>glacie <expan abbr="iuu&etilde;tut&etilde;">iuuentutem</expan> &longs;occulo ferreo gracili et &longs;ubterleuigato ini <lb/>xam facto impul&longs;u leui te&longs;te lubricitate &longs;uperlabi tanta mo <lb/>tus uelocitate: ut ne uinci quidem &longs;e a pr&aelig;pete alite patia <lb/>tur. Sed quom pondera aut trabantur/ aut pellantur/ aut <lb/>uebantur: forta&longs;&longs;is erit ut &longs;ic po&longs;&longs;imus diffinire. Pondera <lb/>quidem trabi fune: pelli uecte: uebi rotis: et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;m&otilde;i">eiu&longs;moni</expan>. Quo <lb/>autem pacto his una omnibus po&longs;&longs;umus uti <expan abbr="&itilde;promptu">impromptu</expan> e&longs;t. <lb/>Sed in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnibus ade&longs;&longs;e oportet con&longs;tans et obfir <lb/>mati&longs;&longs;imum aliquid: quo immoto catera moueantur. Id &longs;i <lb/>trabetur <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus">pondus</expan>: ad&longs;it oportet maius aliud aliquod ponous 
<pb/>cui uincula machinarum <expan abbr="c&otilde;mendentur">commendentur</expan>: &longs;i tale <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> aderit pon <lb/>dus: clauum ferreum tricubitum ualidum infigito funditu&longs; <lb/>in &longs;olum den&longs;atum/aut tra&longs;uer&longs;is <expan abbr="tr&utilde;cis">truncis</expan> obfirmatum ad ex <lb/>tremum claui caput/quod ab &longs;olo emineat/uincla aduolui <lb/>to trallearum atque ergan&aelig;. Si autem erit &longs;olum hareno&longs;um pro <lb/>&longs;ternito trabes pr&aelig;longos integros: in quibus uada <expan abbr="coapt&etilde;">coaptem</expan> <lb/>tur: et capitibus <expan abbr="u&itilde;cla">uincla</expan> ad clauum alligato: Dicam quod im <lb/>periti non a&longs;&longs;entiantur: ni totam rem intellexerint: duo &longs;i <lb/>mul <expan abbr="c&otilde;modius">commodius</expan> trabentur per planum <expan abbr="p&otilde;dera">pondera</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;olum <expan abbr="un&utilde;">unum</expan>. <lb/>Id fiet &longs;ic moto primo pondere u&longs;que ad extremum &longs;ub&longs;trati <lb/>uadi caput impediam: id cuneolis quoad <expan abbr="pr&aelig;firmat&utilde;">pr&aelig;firmatum</expan> h&aelig;re <lb/>at: et machinam quam &longs;ecundum <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus">pondus</expan> <expan abbr="trahend&utilde;">trahendum</expan> &longs;it: huic <lb/>ita compedito accingam: fiet ut eodem uado per <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus">pondus</expan> &longs;ed <lb/>mobile ab altero pari &longs;ed refirmato peruincatur. Si <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> altum <lb/>trabendum erit pondus/ comodi&longs;&longs;ime utemur trabe unico <lb/>aut malo nauis minime imbecillo. Hunc &longs;i <expan abbr="erigemus/calc&etilde;">erigemus/calcem</expan> <lb/>firmabimus ad <expan abbr="clau&utilde;">clauum</expan>: aut &longs;tabile aliud quid uis. Extremo <lb/>capiti funes <expan abbr="alligabun&ttilde;/ne">alligabuntur/ne</expan> minus tres: unus <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> <expan abbr="dextr&atilde;/">dextran/</expan> alius <lb/>in &longs;ini&longs;tram/tertius per trabis longitudinem obtendetur in <lb/>productum. Inde &longs;patium aliquod ab calce mali trocle&aelig; er <lb/>gana ue firmabitur in &longs;olo: et per eas di&longs;tentus is &longs;unis tra/ <lb/>hetur: trabentem &longs;equetur &longs;e&longs;e capite attollens malus. eum <lb/>nos funibus illis geminis capiti alligatis hinc atque hic qua <lb/>&longs;i loris moderabimur: ut quoad uelimus &longs;tet: et in partem <lb/>qua opus &longs;it pendeat ad onus <expan abbr="pon&etilde;dum">ponendum</expan>. Laterales <gap/>ti binc <lb/>atque hinc funes &longs;i alia maiora non aderunt pondera quibus <lb/>comendentur hunc in modum firmabuntur. Effodietur <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> pro<lb/>fundum fo&longs;&longs;a quadrata: truncus in medio fundo &longs;ternetur: <lb/>huic uincla adnectentur ut ab &longs;olo emineat &longs;ur&longs;um. In trun <lb/>cum tran&longs;uer&longs;i &longs;uperin&longs;ternentur plute<gap/>: mox complebitur <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;a terra et den&longs;abitur. Tum &longs;i madefeceris fiet grauior: <lb/>c&aelig;tera omnia <expan abbr="expedi&etilde;tur">expedientur</expan> uti in planorum uadis diximus. Ad <lb/>caput enim trabis et ip&longs;um ad pondus tralle&aelig; adigentur: et <lb/>propter pedem ergana firmabitur: aut qd uis eiu&longs;modi in 
<pb/>quo uis uectis in&longs;it. In hi&longs;ce omnibus ad <expan abbr="u&longs;&utilde;">u&longs;um</expan> operis &longs;eruan <lb/>da h&aelig;c &longs;unt/ut ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis ponderibus <expan abbr="mou&etilde;dis">mouendis</expan> media i&longs;t<gap/><lb/>u&longs;modi adhibeantur non minuta aut inualida <expan abbr="l&otilde;gitudo">longitudo</expan> in <lb/>fune inque radio inque omni quo ad <expan abbr="mou&etilde;dum">mouendum</expan> utamur medio <lb/>qd <expan abbr="imbecillitat&etilde;">imbecillitatem</expan> &longs;apit. Nam e&longs;t <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="l&otilde;gitudo">longitudo</expan> natura &longs;ui <lb/>coniuncta gracilitati: et contra ex breuitate cra&longs;&longs;itudo red <lb/>ditur. Si erunt funes tenues <expan abbr="conduplic&etilde;tur">conduplicentur</expan> cicleolis. Si ua <lb/>&longs;tiores &longs;int/quoque et cicleol&aelig; grandes &longs;ubigantur: ne minu <lb/>ti circuli acumine funis <expan abbr="inter&longs;ec&etilde;tur">inter&longs;ecentur</expan>: axes immittantur fer <lb/>rei cra&longs;&longs;i/ut &longs;int ex &longs;u&aelig; cicleol&aelig; &longs;emidiametro ne minus <lb/>parte &longs;exta: ne plus ex totius diametri parte octaua. Funis <lb/>madefactus e&longs;t ab incendio tutior: quod quidem frictione <lb/>et motu fiat. E&longs;t etiam cicleolis uoluendis paratior. Adde <lb/>quod et minus ab&longs;oluitur. Aceto ut ilius madefit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> aqua: et ma <lb/>ritima &quml; albula: dulci madefactus aqua feruenti i &longs;ole oci&longs; <lb/>&longs;ime marce&longs;cit. Conuolutiones in funibus tutiores <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> inno <lb/>datio. In omnibus cauendum ne funis funem &longs;ecet. Regula <lb/>ferrea utebantur ueteres cui primarias annodationes <expan abbr="funi&utilde;">funium</expan> <lb/>et trallearum <expan abbr="c&otilde;mendarent/">commendarent/</expan> <expan abbr="p&otilde;deri">ponderi</expan> pr&aelig;&longs;ertim lapideo pr&aelig; <lb/>hendendo forcipe ferreo utebantur forma forcipis ex litiera <lb/>X erat ducta digytis inf<gap/>mis intro uer&longs;us aduncis: quibus <lb/>pondus qua&longs;i cancer mordicus in&longs;tringeret &longs;uprema quo ca <lb/>pita erant armillata: per eas armillas funis traductus/et re <lb/>uinctus tractu &longs;ui forcipem <expan abbr="a&longs;tr&itilde;gebat">a&longs;tringebat</expan>. Vidimus lapidibus <lb/>ua&longs;tis pr&aelig;&longs;ertim columnarum media in &longs;uperficie alioquin <lb/>dolata atque expolita relictos umbiliculos prominentes qua <lb/>&longs;i an&longs;as: quibus funium illaqueamenta detinerentur/ne &longs;ub <lb/>exfluerent: utunturque pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ad coronas impleolis. Sic <lb/>enim appello qu&aelig; fiant &longs;ic: incauatur formula in lapide ad <lb/>crumen&aelig; uacu&aelig; &longs;imilitudinem pro lapidis ua&longs;titate palmos <lb/>ore arctiore: fundo intror&longs;us latiore: uidimus imuleolas pro<lb/>fundas pedem: hanc complent ferreis cuneolis: <expan abbr="quor&utilde;">quorum</expan> duo <lb/>hinc atque hinc collaterales lineamento ad, D. litter&aelig; &longs;imi <lb/>litudinem finiuntur. Hic ad &longs;patia intus complenda lateri 
<pb/>bus impleol&aelig; &longs;ub ingerentur. Medius uero cuneus quod in <lb/>ter utrunque uacui e&longs;t po&longs;tremus complet: &longs;ingulorum cuneorum<lb/>auricul&aelig; extant ex formula. Per auricularum foramina inue <lb/>hitur digytus ferreus: et adiungitur an&longs;a ualida: cui funis <lb/>ductarius illaqueatus. Nos columnas atque portarum labra et <lb/>huiu&longs;modi qu&aelig; &longs;tantia &longs;inenda &longs;unt hunc modum illaquea <lb/>uimus. Fecimus ferreum aut ligneum erga&longs;culum pro pon <lb/>deris ua&longs;titate bene firmum: quo columnam apto &longs;ui loco <lb/>pr&aelig;hen&longs;am incinximus: cunei&longs;que gracilibus et oblongis le <lb/>ui malleo in&longs;truximus et affirmauimus. Demum uti aiunt <lb/>brachas ex funibus erga&longs;culo adegimus hoc pacto: neque im <lb/>pleolarum uulneribus lapidem: neque angulares lapidis acies <lb/>cincturis rudentum le&longs;imus. Adde quod genus hoc ligandi <lb/><expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> expediti&longs;&longs;imum <expan abbr="apti&longs;&longs;im&utilde;">apti&longs;&longs;imum</expan> et fidi&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;t. Multa <lb/>qu&aelig; ad i&longs;tos u&longs;us pertineant prolixius alibi explicabuntur. <lb/>Sed hic machinas <expan abbr="t&atilde;tum">tantum</expan> interpretari oportet e&longs;&longs;e ueluti ani <lb/>mantia manibus admodum ualidi&longs;&longs;ima: et dimouere <expan abbr="p&otilde;dus">pondus</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> aliis fere modis: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id nos ip&longs;i moueamus. Ea de re quas <lb/>inten&longs;iones membrorum neruorum que <expan abbr="amittendo/pell&etilde;do/">amittendo/pellendo/</expan> <expan abbr="trab&etilde;">trabem</expan> <lb/>do/tran&longs;ferendo adhibeamus: tales machinis imitari nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t. Vnum admoneo: ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="utic&utilde;que">uticunque</expan> mouere in&longs;titue <lb/>ris pondera conferet &longs;en&longs;im cautim mature aggredi rem ob <lb/>uarios/incertos/irrecuperabiles ca&longs;us et pericula/ que i&longs;ti <lb/>u&longs;modi negocio pr&aelig;ter opinionem etiam experti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;o <lb/><expan abbr="l&etilde;t">lent</expan> euenire. Neque enim tanta &longs;equetur laus et ingenii appro <lb/>batio/&longs;i &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;erit quod tuo fretus con&longs;ilio aggre&longs;&longs;us &longs;is: <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> redundabit dete&longs;tatio et odium temeritatis/ ubi male &longs;uc <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;erit. De his hactenus. Nunc redeo ad cru&longs;tationes.</s>
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<s>Omnibus cru&longs;tationibus adegi&longs;&longs;e oportet harenationum tu <lb/>nicas ne minus tres. Prim&aelig; officium e&longs;t parietis <expan abbr="&longs;uperfici&etilde;">&longs;uperficiem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="pr&aelig;h&etilde;&longs;are">pr&aelig;hen&longs;are</expan> arcti&longs;&longs;ime/et reliquas &longs;uperadditas harenationes <lb/>ad parietem <expan abbr="c&otilde;tinere">continere</expan>. Extrem&aelig; officium e&longs;t expolitionum <lb/>colorum/ <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;to">lineamento</expan>, que uenu&longs;tates expromere. Mediarum offi <lb/>cium e&longs;t: utri&longs;que uitia emenda<gap/>tque prohibere. Vitia h&aelig;c 
<pb/>&longs;unt. Nam &longs;i erunt ultim&aelig; quidem et &longs;uprem&aelig; acres ut &longs;ic <lb/>loquar mordicaces parietum quales e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> primas opor <lb/>tet /acrimonia &longs;ui crebris rimulis interfundentur &longs;icci&longs;cen <lb/>do. Sin autem erunt prim&aelig; ill&aelig; molliores: quales e&longs;&longs;e ulti <lb/>mas oportet: non compr&aelig;hen&longs;abunt tenaci mor&longs;u <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan>: <lb/>&longs;ed de&longs;ci&longs;cent. Quo plures <expan abbr="er&utilde;t">erunt</expan> harenationes: eo illu&longs;trius <lb/>leuigabitur. et contra uetu&longs;tatem &longs;olidiores per&longs;euerabunt. <lb/>Vidimus apud antiquos qui u&longs;que nonam &longs;uperaddiderine <lb/><expan abbr="harenation&etilde;">harenationem</expan>. Harum primas omnino e&longs;&longs;e oportet a&longs;perrimas <lb/>ex harena fo&longs;&longs;ili et te&longs;ta non ualde tun&longs;a &longs;ed glandulo&longs;a ad <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digytorum/interdum u&longs;que palmum. Mediis <lb/>tunicis harena fluuiatilis commodior/ quod minus findatur. <lb/>Ha&longs;ce <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> e&longs;&longs;e a&longs;peras oportet. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> leuigatis &longs;uperaddita <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <lb/>adh&aelig;rent. Vltima <expan abbr="omni&utilde;">omnium</expan> erit nitidi&longs;&longs;ima marmorata: hoc <lb/>e&longs;t cui pro harena &longs;it tun&longs;us lapis candidi&longs;&longs;imus. Hanc ul <lb/>timam partem cra&longs;&longs;am ponere &longs;emidigytum &longs;at e&longs;t. Aegre <lb/>enim &longs;iccatur &longs;i cra&longs;&longs;ior <expan abbr="adi&utilde;gitur">adiungitur</expan>. Vidimus qui par&longs;imo <lb/>ni&aelig; gratia extremam cutim corio calciamentorum <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> cra&longs;&longs;io <lb/><expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> &longs;uperextenderint. Medi&aelig; harenationes prout his aut illis <lb/>proximiores &longs;unt deinceps moderabuntur. Ven&aelig; qu&aelig;dam <lb/>alaba&longs;tro tralucido per&longs;imiles lapideis <expan abbr="m&otilde;tibus">montibus</expan> inuen<gap/>n <lb/>tur: qu&aelig; neque marmor neque gyp&longs;um/ &longs;ed inter utrunque &longs;int <lb/>natura &longs;ui admodum friabiles. Is lapis tun&longs;us et pro hare/ <lb/>na mixtus &longs;plendentes marmorei candoris &longs;cintillulas mi <lb/>rifice referet. Vi&longs;untur pa&longs;&longs;im cru&longs;tationum continendarum<lb/>gratia claui parietibus affixi: &aelig;tas docuit &aelig;neos pr&aelig;&longs;tare. <lb/>Perplacet qui clauiculorum loco inter <expan abbr="i&utilde;cturas">iuncturas</expan> ordinum per <lb/>parietem factis minutis foraminibus extantes glebu&longs;culas &longs;i <lb/>liceas confixere malleolo nimirum ligneo. Murus <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quo <lb/>erit recentior/quo ue a&longs;perior/eo harenationes den&longs;ius con <lb/>tinebit. Ergo &longs;i inter a&longs;truendum et dum uiret opus <expan abbr="prim&atilde;">primam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="qu&atilde;uis">quanuis</expan> tenuem harenationem <expan abbr="&itilde;duxeris">induxeris</expan> captus pr&aelig;&longs;tabit &longs;u <lb/>perinducendis tenaces et indelebiles: po&longs;t hau&longs;tros <expan abbr="c&otilde;mo/">commo/</expan> <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ime omne cru&longs;tationis opus inducetur: p boream et fri 
<pb/>gora et a&longs;tum aeris inducta/ pr&aelig;&longs;ertim cutis ultima repen <lb/>te in&longs;cabre&longs;cet. Porro cru&longs;tationum ali&aelig; induct&aelig;: ali&aelig; ad/ <lb/>act&aelig;. Inducitur autem gyp&longs;um aut calx. Sed gyp&longs;um non <lb/>ni&longs;i &longs;icci&longs;&longs;imo e&longs;t in loco utile. Cru&longs;tationibus quibu&longs;uis <lb/>ex uetere pariete &longs;uffu&longs;a inimica e&longs;t humiditas. Adigitur <lb/>et lapis et uitrum et huiu&longs;modi. Inductarum cru&longs;tationum <lb/>h&aelig; &longs;unt <expan abbr="&longs;p&etilde;s">&longs;pens</expan>: albaria/pura/in&longs;ignita/pictoria. Adactarum <lb/>autem h&aelig;: obtabulata/circumexecta/te&longs;&longs;ellulata. De indu <lb/>etis prius. Calx &longs;ic parabitur exuberatim et pura aqua oper <lb/>to in lacu diu macerabitur. Inde ferro non &longs;ecus atque ligna <lb/>dolentur a&longs;ciabitur. Macerat&aelig; &longs;ignum erit/ubi inter a&longs;cian <lb/>dum calculi ferrum non offenderint: tertium ante men&longs;em <lb/>non &longs;atis etiam maturam putant: lentam et ualde glutino<gap/><lb/>&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e oportet quam probet. Nam &longs;i ferrum exierit <expan abbr="&longs;icc&utilde;">&longs;iccum</expan> <lb/>indicio erit euanidam e&longs;&longs;e et &longs;iticulo&longs;am. Cum <expan abbr="haren&atilde;">harenam</expan> aut <lb/>quid <expan abbr="t&utilde;&longs;um">tun&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="&itilde;mi&longs;cueris">immi&longs;cueris</expan> diu et uehementer atque iterum diu <lb/>&longs;ubagitato: <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> rur&longs;us &longs;ubuer&longs;ato quoad qua&longs;i &longs;pume&longs;cat. <lb/>Eam ueteres qua ultimam cutim inducturi erant mortario <lb/>compin&longs;abant: temperabantque ip&longs;am hanc mixturam ut fer <lb/>rum non detineret dum induceretur. In iam inductam &longs;ub <lb/>are&longs;centem atque adhuc &longs;ubuirentem altera inducetur: cu/ <lb/>rabiturque ut tenore uno &longs;imul omnes cutes inare&longs;cant: leui <lb/>bus planatoriis et bacillis uerberatas cru&longs;tationes <expan abbr="d&utilde;">dum</expan> uirent <lb/>den&longs;antur. Vltima cutis in puro albario diligenter perfri/ <lb/>cata &longs;plendorem dabit &longs;peculi: eandemque factam penitus &longs;ic <lb/>cam &longs;i unxeris c&aelig;ra et ma&longs;tice modicoque oleo una collique <lb/>factis: et &longs;ic unctum parietem carbone ignito ex pelui con/ <lb/>calefeceris ut unguenta combibat: uincet marmora nitore. <lb/>Nos experti &longs;umus cru&longs;tas eiu&longs;modi rimis euadere immu/ <lb/>nes/ &longs;i inter inducendum ilico apparentes fixuras manipu <lb/>lis uirgultarum ibi&longs;ci &longs;parti ue crudi ca&longs;tigaueris. Quod &longs;i <lb/>per <expan abbr="canicul&atilde;">caniculam</expan> aut loco &aelig;&longs;tuo&longs;o inducturus lis/tundito et mi <lb/>nuti&longs;&longs;ime concidito rudentes uetu&longs;tos/et pulti <expan abbr="c&otilde;mi&longs;ceto">commi&longs;ceto</expan>. <lb/>Tum et leuigabitur quidem belli&longs;&longs;ime/&longs;i &longs;apone albo <expan abbr="tep&etilde;">tepem</expan> 
<pb/>ti aqua &longs;oluto modice inter <expan abbr="leuig&atilde;dum">leuigandum</expan> &longs;upera&longs;per&longs;eris mul <lb/>ta inunctura expalle&longs;cit. Signa &longs;igillis expediti&longs;&longs;ime affi/ <lb/>gentur. Sigilla ex &longs;culpturis haurientur gyp&longs;o madente &longs;u <lb/>perinfu&longs;o. Ea quidem cum aruerint quo diximus unguen/ <lb/>to peruncta <expan abbr="cut&etilde;">cutem</expan> marmoris imitabuntur. Signorum i&longs;tiu&longs;mo <lb/>di duo &longs;unt genera. Vnum prominens: aliud ca&longs;tigatum et <lb/>retun&longs;um. Recto in pariete non incommode <expan abbr="a&longs;ci&longs;c&etilde;tur">a&longs;ci&longs;centur</expan> pro <lb/>minentia: Coelo autem te&longs;tudinum retun&longs;a magis conuen<gap/><lb/>ent. Nam prominentia &longs;i pendeant/pondere &longs;ui facile de&longs;ti <lb/>tuuntur: incoli&longs;que periculo &longs;unt ca&longs;u. Recte admonent ubi <lb/>puluis multus futurus &longs;it/ coelatas coronas et prominentes <lb/>non adbibeas/&longs;ed planas et ca&longs;tigatas: quo aptius ab&longs;tergan <lb/>tur. Pictori&aelig; cru&longs;tationes ali&aelig; in udo: ali&aelig; in &longs;icco. Vdis <lb/>color ois natiuus ex lapide/terra mineris et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;m&otilde;i">eiu&longs;moni</expan> &longs;ump/ <lb/>tus conueniet. Fucatus autem omnis color et omnis pr&aelig;&longs;er <lb/>tim qui in ignem po&longs;itus mutetur/&longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima de&longs;iderat: cal <lb/>cemque lunamque et hau&longs;trum odit. Nouum inuentum/ oleo <lb/>linaceo colores quos uelis <expan abbr="&itilde;ducere">inducere</expan> <expan abbr="c&otilde;tra">contra</expan> <expan abbr="om&etilde;s">omens</expan> aeris et coeli <lb/>iniurias &aelig;ternos: modo &longs;iccus et minime uligino&longs;us &longs;it pa <lb/>ries ubi inducatur: tamet&longs;i comperio pictores antiquos pin <lb/>gendis puppibus <expan abbr="naui&utilde;">nauium</expan> u&longs;os <expan abbr="liqu&etilde;ti">liquenti</expan> c&aelig;ra pro glutino. Tum <lb/>et uidimus in ueterum operibus inductos parieti colores gem <lb/>marum/&longs;i &longs;atis rem teneo /c&aelig;ra aut forta&longs;&longs;is albo bitumine <lb/>ad tantam duritiem redactos uetu&longs;tate/ ut ne igne quidem <lb/>ne item aqua di&longs;&longs;olui po&longs;&longs;int: e&longs;&longs;e id uitrum a&longs;&longs;um dicas. <lb/>Vidimus et qui lacteo calcis flore colores maxime uitrecs <lb/>parieti dum unebat/adglutinarunt. Hac de his.</s>
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<s>Adact&aelig; <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> cru&longs;tationes obtabulat&aelig; <expan abbr="qu&atilde;uis">quanuis</expan> aut pur&aelig; qui <lb/>dem &longs;int aut coelat&aelig;/amborum tamen una e&longs;t ratio. Mirum di <lb/>ctu quantum diligenti&aelig; ueteres &longs;ecandis tabulis marmore <lb/>is atque illu&longs;trandis adhibuerint. Vidi equidem tabulas mar <lb/>moreas cubitos <expan abbr="l&otilde;gas">longas</expan> plus quatuor: latas duos: cra&longs;&longs;as uix <lb/>&longs;emidigytum: et iunctas linea undo&longs;a: quo magis &longs;pectan/ <lb/>tes <expan abbr="faller&etilde;t">fallerent</expan>. Ex&longs;<gap/>andis marmoribus ueteres harenam ethio 
<pb/>picam <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis proba&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Plinius: indicam proxime <lb/>accedere: &longs;ed molliorem e&longs;&longs;e &aelig;gyptiam: itidem pr&aelig;&longs;tare no <lb/>&longs;tris. Ex quodam tamen adriatici maris uado repertam fe/ <lb/>runt/qua ueteres <expan abbr="uter&etilde;tur">uterentur</expan>. Nos ex littoribus puteolanis ba <lb/>renam colligimus huic operi non in po&longs;tremis utilem. Ex <lb/>quouis torrente angulo&longs;a harena &longs;umpta utilis e&longs;t. &longs;ed quo <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;ior quidem e&longs;t: eo laxioribus &longs;egmentis terit/et acrius <lb/>rodit. Quo autem leuius delimat: eo politur&aelig; proximior <lb/>e&longs;t. Expolitio ab extremis limis incipit: de&longs;init in id quod <lb/>potius lingit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> rodit. Thebaica fricandis et poliendis mar <lb/>moribus probatur. Laudant et cotes: &longs;mirillum appellant <lb/>lapidem: cuius farina nihil pr&aelig;&longs;tabilius. Et pumex po&longs;tre <lb/>mis delinimentis perutilis <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>. Stagni peru&longs;ti &longs;puma/ u&longs;taque<lb/>ceiu&longs;a/et tripolea <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> primis creta et generis eiu&longs;dem quouis <lb/>modo in minuti&longs;&longs;ima corpu&longs;cula athomis pu&longs;illiora <expan abbr="ead&etilde;quemordentia">eadenque<lb/>mordentia</expan> conterantur utillima &longs;unt. Tabulis continendis <lb/>&longs;i erunt ill&aelig; quidem cra&longs;&longs;&aelig; clauiculi aut marmorei promi <lb/>nentes captus adinterfigantur parieti: &longs;ubinde nud&aelig; tabul&aelig; <lb/>applicentur. Sin autem erunt tenuiores po&longs;t &longs;ecundas hare <lb/>nationes calcis loco c&aelig;ra/pix/ re&longs;ina/ma&longs;tix<gap/>et <expan abbr="g&utilde;marum">gummarum</expan> <lb/>omnis numerus <expan abbr="c&otilde;fu&longs;e">confu&longs;e</expan> colliquefactus adhibeatur: &longs;en&longs;imque<lb/>concalefiat tabula: ne repentina ignis mole&longs;tia crepet. Po <lb/>nennis tabulis laus erit: &longs;i ex earum expaginatione ac &longs;erie <lb/>a&longs;pectus <expan abbr="c&omacr;cinnitas">concinnitas</expan> <expan abbr="refere&ttilde;">referetur</expan>. Macul&aelig; <expan abbr="en&imacr;">enim</expan> maculis et colores <lb/>coloribus, et talia talibus <expan abbr="coapt&atilde;da">coaptanda</expan> &longs;unt: ut alter alteri mu <lb/>tuo pra&longs;tet <expan abbr="grati&atilde;">gratiam</expan>. Veterum perplacet a&longs;tutia: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> pro <lb/>ximiora oculo nitidi&longs;&longs;ima expolita reddebant. In his <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> <lb/>qu&aelig; di&longs;tantes et in <expan abbr="alt&utilde;">altum</expan> erant futur&aelig; <expan abbr="parceb&atilde;t">parcebant</expan> labori. Quin <lb/>et locis aliquibus ne leuigatas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> apponebant: quod eo uix <lb/>curio&longs;i&longs;&longs;imi recognitores in&longs;pectaturi e&longs;&longs;ent. Circumex&longs;e <lb/>cta et te&longs;&longs;ellulata in hoc conueniunt: quod in utri&longs;que picturam <lb/>imitamur uariis lapidum/uitri/concharum ue coloribus ap/ <lb/>ta quadam explicatione compactis. Conchas margaritarum<lb/>&longs;ecare et immi&longs;cere cru&longs;tationibus primum in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e Ne 
<pb/>ronem ferunt. In hoc differunt quod in circumexectis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> maiu <lb/>&longs;culas po&longs;&longs;umus tabellularum partes adhibemus. In te&longs;&longs;ellu/ <lb/>latis quadrata minutalia fabis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> maiora immittuntur quo <lb/>enim intra minutiora &longs;unt: eo <expan abbr="&longs;pl&etilde;doris">&longs;plendoris</expan> &longs;cintillas diffu&longs;ius <lb/>referunt. Te&longs;&longs;ellularum &longs;uperficiebus uarias in partes accep <lb/>ta lumina reiicientibus: differuntque quod illis affigendis com <lb/>modior <expan abbr="g&utilde;marum">gummarum</expan> pultis e&longs;t: his uero te&longs;&longs;ellulatis utilior e&longs;t <lb/>calx: cui tyburtini lapidis farina triti&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="&itilde;mixta">immixta</expan> &longs;it. <expan abbr="S&utilde;t">Sunt</expan> <lb/>qui operi te&longs;&longs;ellulato calcem iterum atquod iterum allutari aqua <lb/>feruenti iubeant: quo &longs;alis ardoribus exuta mollior et len/ <lb/>tior &longs;it. Rota uideo circumexcetorum operum pr&aelig;duros lapil/ <lb/>los fui&longs;&longs;e delimatos in te&longs;&longs;ellulatis. Aurum uitro appingitur <lb/>calce plumbi qua nullum fit fluidius uitrum.</s>
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<s>Qu&aelig; de cru&longs;tationibus diximus omnia ferme ad opus paui <lb/><expan abbr="m&etilde;ti/de">menti/de</expan> quo dicturos polliciti &longs;umus <expan abbr="faci&utilde;t">faciunt</expan>: pr&aelig;ter id q&lt;26&gt;<lb/>neque pictorias neque adeo in&longs;ignitas cru&longs;tationes recipiunt. <lb/>ni forte pro pictoriis illud ueniat quod pultem uariis colo <lb/>ribus inficere po&longs;&longs;umus: et &longs;patiis circun&longs;eptis limitibus <lb/>marmoreis ad pictur&aelig; imitationem fundere. Inficitur rubri <lb/>ca u&longs;ta te&longs;ta &longs;ilice et ferri fece et huiu&longs;modi pauimentis cru <lb/>&longs;tatis cum &longs;icuerint opus di&longs;pumabitur. Id fit &longs;ic. Siliceus <lb/>lapis aut potius plumbum pondo quinque &longs;upplanata &longs;uper&longs;i <lb/>cie funiculis hor&longs;um i&longs;tor&longs;um trabitur retrabiturque per pa<gap/><lb/>uimentum &longs;pan&longs;a harena a&longs;perrima atque aqua quoad raden <lb/>do belli&longs;&longs;ime leuigetur. Non leuigabitur ni&longs;i <expan abbr="te&longs;&longs;ellular&utilde;">te&longs;&longs;ellularum</expan> <lb/>anguli et line&aelig; &longs;int conformes. Quod <expan abbr="induct&utilde;">inductum</expan> &longs;it oleo pr&aelig; <lb/>&longs;ertim lin ceo perfu&longs;um <expan abbr="uitre&atilde;">uitream</expan> acquirit cutim. Amurca per <lb/>fundere com modi&longs;&longs;imum: tum et aqua in qua extincta &longs;it <lb/>calx uebementer conferet &longs;i iterum atque iterum a&longs;per&longs;eris. In <lb/>his omnibus qu&aelig; recen&longs;uimus uitabitur eiu&longs;dem coloris et <lb/>form&aelig; nimium crebra et uno in loco plus &longs;atis conferta et <lb/>perturbate <expan abbr="c&otilde;p&utilde;cta">compuncta</expan> copia uitabitur et <expan abbr="c&otilde;iunction&utilde;">coniunctionum</expan> hiatus: <lb/>omnia ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan> componentur atque delicabuntur: ut cun <lb/>ct&aelig; partes operis &aelig;qualiter &longs;e&longs;e ab&longs;olutas pr&aelig;beant.</s>
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<s>Habet et tectum &longs;uas contignationum/te&longs;tudinationum et <lb/>&longs;ubdiualium cru&longs;tationum delitias atque uenu&longs;tates. Extant <lb/>in hanc u&longs;que diem ad porticum Agripp&aelig; <expan abbr="c&otilde;tignationes">contignationes</expan> &aelig;ne <lb/>is trabibus pedum quadraginta: opus in quo ne&longs;cias impen <lb/>&longs;am ne magis an artificis ingenium mirere. Cedro tectum <lb/>ephe&longs;i&aelig; Dian&aelig; annos &longs;teti&longs;&longs;e per multos alibi retulimus. <lb/>Salaucem colchorum regem habui&longs;&longs;e uicto So&longs;o&longs;tre &aelig;gyptio <lb/>rum rege trabes aureas et <expan abbr="arg&etilde;teas">argenteas</expan> meminit Plinius. Tum <lb/>et ui&longs;untur <expan abbr="t&etilde;pla">templa</expan> marmoreis tabulis operta: quales ad tem <lb/>plum hiero&longs;olimarum fui&longs;&longs;e referunt ampli&longs;&longs;imas <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan> nito <lb/>re candentes: ut a longe id rectum <expan abbr="intu&etilde;tibus">intuentibus</expan> niueus e&longs;&longs;e ui <lb/>deatur mons. Catulus primus tegulas rom&aelig; &aelig;neas capito<gap/>ii <lb/>inaurauit. Subinde pantheon rom&aelig; &aelig;reis opertum &longs;quamis <lb/>inauratis fui&longs;&longs;e comperio. Et Honorium Pont. maximum <lb/>eum/cuius tempe&longs;tate Maomet nouam &aelig;gyptiis lybia que re <lb/>ligionem et facra i&longs;tituit/ba&longs;ilicam petri tabulis totam ope <lb/>rui&longs;&longs;e &aelig;neis. Germania tegulis uitreatis nitet. Plumbo pa&longs; <lb/>&longs;im utimur: opus quidem ad diuturnitatem aptum: atque <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> <lb/>primis ad gratiam: neque impen&longs;a non moderatum e&longs;t: &longs;ed in <lb/>co h&aelig;c &longs;unt incommoda. Nam &longs;i cementitio applicabitur <lb/>operi/illic qd non &longs;ubre&longs;piret: &longs;ed &longs;uccen&longs;is quibus incum <lb/>bat lapillis plus &longs;atis a &longs;tuans feruore &longs;olis collique&longs;cit. Fa <lb/>ciat hoc ad rem/ quod experiri licet. Plumbeum uas igne <lb/>non liquabitur: &longs;i plenum &longs;it aqua: iniicito calculum: ilico <lb/>coiliquefiet contactu/ac perforabitur. Accedit quod i&longs;tic ubi <lb/>non habeat crebros et admodum firmos captus: quibus lami <lb/>n&aelig; contineantur: facile uentis ab&longs;tergitur. Accedit <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> quod<lb/>breui &longs;alibus calcis uitiatur atque exeditur: ut materi&aelig; nimi <lb/>um tutius <expan abbr="c&otilde;mittatur">committatur</expan>: ni forte ignes metua&longs;. Sed illic <expan abbr="quaqueinc&otilde;modo">quaque<lb/>incommodo</expan> &longs;unt claui pr&aelig;&longs;ertim ferrei: quod &longs;ole uehementius <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> calculi ip&longs;i inferue&longs;cant/ et rubigine <expan abbr="circ&utilde;rodant">circurrodant</expan>. An&longs;as <lb/>et acus idcirco te&longs;tudinatis oportet <expan abbr="pl&utilde;beos">plumbeos</expan>: quibus lami&aelig; <lb/>tegularum candenti ferro a&longs;&longs;olidentur. Oportet et opus &longs;ub <lb/>in&longs;tratum reddere leui oblinimento ex cinere &longs;alictarum loto 
<pb/>admixta creta albenti. Claui ex &aelig;re minus conferue&longs;cunt: <lb/>leduntque minus erugine. Plumbum &longs;tercore allitum uitia <lb/>tur. Idcirco prouidendum/ ne &longs;tationes habeant, quibus &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e apte recipiant aduolantes: aut den&longs;ior illic materia &longs;ub&longs;ti <lb/>tuenda e&longs;t: ubi &longs;tercus cadens accumuletur. In <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan> ad <expan abbr="t&etilde;/">ten/</expan> <lb/>plum Salomonis refert Eu&longs;ebius catenas extenderant: qui <lb/>bus ua&longs;a penderent &aelig;nea. cccc. quorum fonitu alites fugaren <lb/>tur. In tectis quoque ornantur fa&longs;tigia et &longs;tillicidiorum labra et <lb/>anguli. <expan abbr="Appon&utilde;&ttilde;">Apponuntur</expan> <expan abbr="en&itilde;">enim</expan> pil&aelig;/flores/&longs;tatu&aelig;/big&aelig;/et eiu&longs;n <expan abbr="&otilde;i">oni</expan> <lb/>de quibus <expan abbr="m&etilde;bratim">membratim</expan> dicemus &longs;uo loco. <expan abbr="N&utilde;c">Nunc</expan> quod <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> to <lb/><expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> genus <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;m&otilde;i">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> ornamentorum <expan abbr="c&otilde;plectatur">complectatur</expan> ampliu<gap/> nihil <lb/>occurrit: ni&longs;i ut aptis locis qu&aelig;que operi <expan abbr="c&otilde;dic&atilde;t">condicant</expan> apponatur. <lb/>Apertionum ornamenta plurimum operi <expan abbr="affer&utilde;t">afferunt</expan> iucun<gap/>ita <lb/>tis atque dignitatis. Sed <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> difficuitates et graues et mu&longs; <lb/>tas: quibus non ni&longs;i magna artificis diligentia et graui im/ <lb/>pen&longs;a prouideatur. Lapidibus enim idiget ua&longs;tis/integi is/ <lb/>comparibus/elegantibus/raris: que omnia neque facile inue <lb/>nientur/neque tractantur/diriguntur/ dolantur/ compouun <lb/>tur penitus ad <expan abbr="arbitri&utilde;">arbitrium</expan>. Nega&longs;&longs;e architectos aiebat Cicero <lb/><expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan> po&longs;&longs;e ad perpendiculum &longs;tatui: quod <expan abbr="ip&longs;&utilde;">ip&longs;um</expan> cum fir <lb/>mitatis cau&longs;a <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> uenu&longs;tatis <expan abbr="gr&atilde;">gram</expan> in aptionibus <expan abbr="o&itilde;o">oino</expan> nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t. <expan abbr="S&utilde;t">Sunt</expan> et alia <expan abbr="inc&otilde;moda">incommoda</expan>: &longs;ed oibus quoad <expan abbr="ingeni&utilde;">ingenium</expan> uale/ <lb/>bit prouidebimus. Apertio natura &longs;ui puia e&longs;t: &longs;ed inter<gap/><expan abbr="&utilde;">um</expan> <lb/>paries parieti qua&longs;i pellis ue&longs;ti affulcitur: <expan abbr="quodd&atilde;que">quoddanque</expan> <expan abbr="fingi&ttilde;">fingitur</expan> <lb/>aptionis genus <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> <expan abbr="paru&utilde;">paruum</expan>: &longs;ed <expan abbr="pelu&longs;&utilde;">pelu&longs;um</expan> obiecto pariete: quod <lb/>quidem no inepte ea re affictum <expan abbr="n&utilde;cupabitur">nuncupabitur</expan>. Hoc genus <lb/><expan abbr="ornam&etilde;ti">ornamenti</expan> uti et c&aelig;tera pleraque omnia <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;ta">ornamenta</expan> <expan abbr="corrobor&atilde;">corroboram</expan> <lb/>di opis et <expan abbr="minu&etilde;d&aelig;">minuend&aelig;</expan> <expan abbr="imp&etilde;&longs;&aelig;">impen&longs;&aelig;</expan> gratia a fabris tignariis <gap/>mo <lb/><expan abbr="inuent&utilde;">inuentum</expan> e&longs;t. Id lapicid&aelig; imitati <expan abbr="egregi&atilde;">egregiam</expan> operibus <expan abbr="uenu&longs;tat&etilde;">uenu&longs;tatem</expan> <lb/>attulere. Quiduis horum pulcbrius erit/&longs;i habebit o&longs;&longs;a inte/ <lb/>gra unico ex lapide. <expan abbr="Proxim&utilde;">Proximum</expan> erit/ cum ita <expan abbr="c&utilde;ctas">cunctas</expan> hab <gap/>t <lb/>partes: ut non appareat ubi iunct&aelig; &longs;int. Veteres maximos <lb/><expan abbr="col&utilde;narum">colunnarum</expan> c&aelig;terorumque o&longs;&longs;ium lapides etiam affictis apeit <gap/>ni <lb/>bus prius erigebant: inque &longs;uis ba&longs;ibus &longs;tatuebant <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> parietem 
<pb/>attollerent. Prudenti &longs;ane con&longs;ilio. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> patebat u&longs;us machi <lb/>narum expeditior: et perpendicula liberiora captabantur. <lb/>Ad perpendiculum columna &longs;tatuetur &longs;ic in ba&longs;i/ et ima in <lb/>columna: et in <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan> centra circulorum notabuntur. In cen <lb/>tro ba&longs;is acus ferreus plumbo affirmabitur. Centrum uero <lb/>im&aelig; columne perforabitur/quoad acum <expan abbr="ext&atilde;tem">extantem</expan> ex ba&longs;i in <lb/>tra &longs;e concipiat. Supra uerticem machin&aelig; annotabitur pun <lb/>ctum: a quo perpendiculum in medium cadat ba&longs;is acum. <lb/>His paratis non erit difficile pellere <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mum">&longs;ummum</expan> column&aelig; &longs;ca/ <lb/>pum: ut &longs;ui circuli centrum puncto annotato &longs;ub&longs;tituar ex <lb/>perpendiculo. Didici ex ueterum operibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;planari">complanari</expan> po&longs;&longs;e <lb/>marmora teneriora ii&longs;dem ip&longs;is ferramentis: quibus et ma <lb/>teria abradatur. Illud etiam ob&longs;eruarunt/ ut rudes adhuc la <lb/>pides a&longs;truerent &longs;olis dolatis capitibus lapidum et labris: <lb/>qu&aelig; in opere mutuo iungerentur: ob&longs;tructo uero ex opere <lb/>po&longs;tea quod rude aderat dedolabant atque <expan abbr="leuigab&atilde;t">leuigabant</expan>. Credo <lb/>id quidem: ut periculis machinarum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> minimum po&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>impen&longs;&aelig; committerent. Grauius enim di&longs;pendium ex ter&longs;o <lb/>et plane ab&longs;oluto lapide <expan abbr="accepi&longs;&longs;&etilde;t/&longs;i">accepi&longs;&longs;ent/&longs;i</expan> ca&longs;u aliquo <expan abbr="diffract&utilde;">diffractum</expan> <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ex incohato. Adde quod temporibus <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ulti&longs;&longs;ime">con&longs;ulti&longs;&longs;ime</expan> pro <lb/>&longs;piciebant. Aliud enim tempus e&longs;t operis a&longs;truendi: aliud <lb/>ue&longs;tiendi atque expoliandi. Affictorum operum duo &longs;unt ge <lb/>nera. Vnum quod ita adh&aelig;ret parieti/ut quota &longs;ui pars in <lb/>terlateat/ et quota promineat ex pariete. Aliud quod totis <lb/>columnis ex pariete &longs;olutum exit: et porticum imitari uo/ <lb/>lui&longs;&longs;e pr&aelig;&longs;efert. Illud ea re prominens: hoc <expan abbr="expedit&utilde;">expeditum</expan> nun <lb/>cupetur. In prominentibus erunt column&aelig; aut rotund&aelig; aut <lb/>quadrangul&aelig;. Prominere oportet rotundas ne plus/ne <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> <lb/>minus &longs;emidiametro. Quadrangulas ne plus parte &longs;ui late <lb/>ris quarta/ne minus &longs;exta. In expeditis column&aelig; <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> plus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> totis ba&longs;ibus et parte amplius quarta &longs;ecedent a pariete: <lb/>nu&longs;quam minus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut tota columna et ba&longs;is exeat ex parie/ <lb/>te. In his autem qu&aelig; totis ba&longs;ibus et quarta &longs;ecederint <lb/>quadrangula ex pariete columna prominens re&longs;pondeat 
<pb/>nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. Trabis in expeditis non continuus per frontem <lb/>parietis extendetur: &longs;ed inter&longs;erabitur ad pares angulos et <lb/><expan abbr="libell&atilde;">libellam</expan> contra <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan>: ut illic <expan abbr="prorump&etilde;tia">prorumpentia</expan> ex pariete capita <lb/>intimorum trabium ad &longs;ingula columnarum capitula carpen<gap/>a <lb/>protendantur. Coron&aelig; qu&aelig; trabem parietis ornant <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> por <lb/>recta i&longs;tiu&longs;modi capita circumornabunt. In prominencibus <lb/>autem licebit <expan abbr="utr&utilde;">utrum</expan> uelis aut perpetuo trabe et coronis <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> in <lb/>terruptis toto &aelig;dificii ductu uti aut <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> expeditorum <expan abbr="rati&otilde;es">rationes</expan> <lb/>imitari &longs;imulata intimorum <expan abbr="trabi&utilde;">trabium</expan> eruptione ac <expan abbr="promin&etilde;tia">prominentia</expan>.</s>
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<s>Diximus de ornamentis qu&aelig; ad eas partes &aelig;dificiorum perti <lb/>neant: in quibus omnia conueniunt &aelig;dificia: de his uero in <lb/>quibus non conueniunt <expan abbr="dic&etilde;dum">dicendum</expan> erit in proximo libro: <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> <lb/>hic &longs;atis habet amplitudinis. Sed <expan abbr="c&utilde;">cum</expan> hic liber ea &longs;ibi &longs;ump&longs;e <lb/>rit di&longs;quirenda: qu&aelig; ad i&longs;tarum <expan abbr="parti&utilde;">partium</expan> ornamenta <expan abbr="pertinc&atilde;t">pertincant</expan>: <lb/>nihil idcirco negligatur: quod quidem ad <expan abbr="e&atilde;">eam</expan> rem <expan abbr="c&otilde;ferat">conferat</expan>. <lb/>In tota re &aelig;dificatoria primarium certe ornamentum in co/ <lb/>lumnis e&longs;t. Nam et una plures appo&longs;it&aelig; porticum parietem <lb/>omneque apertionis genus ornant: et &longs;implices utique <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> inde <lb/>cor&aelig; &longs;unt. Triuia enim theatra plateas hone&longs;tant: troph<gap/> a <lb/>&longs;eruant/monumento &longs;unt: gratiam habent: dignitatem affe <lb/>runt. Difficileque dictu e&longs;t <expan abbr="qu&atilde;tum">quantum</expan> in ea re quod e&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="eleg&atilde;">elegam</expan> <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ima ueteres impen&longs;&aelig; coniecerint. Alii enim minime <expan abbr="c&otilde;">com</expan> <lb/>tenti par<gap/>o numidico alaba&longs;troque marmore et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/>artificum pre&longs;tanti&longs;&longs;imorum adiecere <expan abbr="man&utilde;">manum</expan>: fecereque ut <expan abbr="e&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">e&longs;&longs;ent</expan> <lb/>refert&aelig; &longs;ignis et imaginibus: quales in templo ephe&longs;i&aelig; <gap/>ia <lb/>n&aelig; fui&longs;&longs;e ferunt numero plus centum uiginti. Alii bales et <lb/>capitula &aelig;nea atque inaurata addidere: qualia in porticu ro/ <lb/>m&aelig; duplici: quam quidem in Octauii <expan abbr="c&otilde;&longs;ulatu">con&longs;ulatu</expan> eius qu<gap/>de <lb/>Per&longs;io <expan abbr="tri&utilde;phauit">triumphauit</expan> &longs;tatuerunt: alii totas <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan> &aelig;reas. a<gap/><lb/>argento ue&longs;titas reddidere. Sed i&longs;ta pr&aelig;tereantur. Tere<gap/>s <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan> oportet <expan abbr="o&itilde;o">oino</expan> et tornatiles. <expan abbr="C&otilde;perio">Comperio</expan> <expan abbr="Theodorumquend&atilde;">Theodorum<lb/>quendam</expan> et <expan abbr="Thol&utilde;">Tholum</expan> architectos <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> eorum officinis pa&longs;&longs;e turbines <lb/>apud <expan abbr="lemn&utilde;">lemnum</expan>: et illic <expan abbr="pend&etilde;tes">pendentes</expan> <expan abbr="col&utilde;nas">colunnas</expan> ita libra&longs;&longs;e: ut puero <lb/><expan abbr="circ&utilde;agente">circunagente</expan> tornarentur. Gr&aelig;ca hi&longs;toria. Hoc &longs;it ad r<gap/>m. 
<pb/>In columna lineas ha&longs;ce pen&longs;itamus Iongi&longs;&longs;imas axim et fi <lb/>nitorem. Breuiores autem &longs;unt circulorum diametri: qui <lb/>uar<gap/> uariis locis columnam cingunt. Ex circulis quidem <lb/>i&longs;tis noti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt plana &longs;uperficies: qu&aelig; in <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan> e&longs;t capi <lb/>te column&aelig;: et plana item altera &longs;uperficies qu&aelig; <expan abbr="&imacr;">im</expan> imo e&longs;t: <lb/>quam eandem planam appellamus. Axis autem recta e&longs;t li <lb/>nea per medullam column&aelig; ducta a centro circuli &longs;upremi <lb/>ad centrum infimi: qu&aelig; eadem linea medianum dicitur co <lb/>lumn&aelig; perpendiculum. In hac ip&longs;a linea axi centra circulo <lb/>rum omnium <expan abbr="&longs;i&longs;t&utilde;tur">&longs;i&longs;tuntur</expan>. Finitor uero linea e&longs;t ducta a limbo <lb/>extremo &longs;upremi circuli ad <expan abbr="infim&utilde;">infimum</expan> huic regione <expan abbr="oppo&longs;it&utilde;">oppo&longs;itum</expan> <lb/>in&longs;imo in limbo punctum. Diametrorum omnium qui per <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;itudinem column&aelig; &longs;unt <expan abbr="ext&etilde;&longs;ionem">exten&longs;ionem</expan> finiens/eaque ex re <lb/>non unica et recta e&longs;t uei axis: &longs;ed multis partim rectis par <lb/>tim flexis lineis compo&longs;ita uti mox explicabimus. Circulo <lb/>rum pen&longs;andorum diametri &longs;unt locis per columnam quinque. <lb/>Locorum h&aelig;c &longs;unt nomina: proiectura/retractio/uenter. Pro <lb/>iectura duplex e&longs;t: in <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan> column&aelig; una: in imo altera. Di <lb/>et&aelig; quod pr&aelig;ceteris prodeant atque <expan abbr="emine&atilde;t">emineant</expan>. Retractiones <expan abbr="eti&atilde;">etiam</expan> <lb/>bin&aelig; proiecturis proxim&aelig; &longs;uccedunt tum in imo <expan abbr="t&utilde;">tum</expan> etiam <lb/>in <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan>. Dict&aelig; quod per eas proiectur&aelig; ad &longs;capi &longs;oliditatem <lb/>retrabantur. Ventris diameter &longs;ub media column&aelig; longi/ <lb/>tudine annotatur. Dictus quod illic columna &longs;ubinturge&longs;cere <lb/>uideatur. Rur&longs;us proiectur&aelig; differunt inter &longs;e. Nam qu&aelig; <lb/>in imo e&longs;t &longs;olo con&longs;tat nextro et flexione qua ab nextro ad <lb/>column&aelig; &longs;olidum retrabatur. Proiectura uero qu&aelig; in &longs;um <lb/>mo &longs;capo e&longs;t pr&aelig;ter nextrum et inflexam hanc obliquita <lb/>tem habet etiam torquem. Polliciti &longs;umus uelle me quo <lb/>ad in me &longs;it/latine et omnino ita loqui ut intelligar. Fin/ <lb/>gere idcirco oportet uocabula ubi u&longs;itata non &longs;uppeditant: <lb/>et &longs;ummere a rebus non di&longs;&longs;imilibus nominum &longs;imilitudi/ <lb/>nes conducit. Nextrum appellant apud nos &aelig;eru&longs;cos u&longs;/ <lb/>ctam pertenuem qua capillos uirgines uinciant atque inne <lb/>ctant. Fa&longs;ciolam idcirco qu&aelig; qua&longs;i regula <expan abbr="circ&utilde;flexa">circunflexa</expan> pro 
<pb/>anulo column&aelig; calcem obambit/&longs;i ita licet/nextrum appel <lb/>lemus. Anulum autem in <expan abbr="&longs;&utilde;mo">&longs;ummo</expan> pr&aelig;ter nextrum qui ueluti <lb/>funiculus aduolutus &longs;upremum &longs;capi ambitum ad&longs;tringit/ <lb/>torquem appellemus. Demum finitor linea comparabitur <lb/>&longs;ic: <expan abbr="n&atilde;que">nanque</expan> in pauimento quidem aut co&aelig;quato aliquo in pari <lb/>ete quem locum picturam nuacupo recta in&longs;cribitur linea <lb/>longa &aelig;que atque futura e&longs;t columna: quam ex rupe fabri ex <lb/>&longs;ecturi &longs;int: h&aelig;c linea axis dicitur. Axim ergo diuidemus <lb/>certas in partes prout futuri operis ratio et columnarum ua <lb/>rietas/de qua &longs;uo dicetur loco po&longs;tulabit: ad quarum partium <lb/>modum fiet im&aelig; plant&aelig; diameter: <expan abbr="qu&atilde;">quam</expan> i&longs;tic in pictura <expan abbr="tr&atilde;&longs;">tran&longs;</expan> <lb/>uer&longs;a lineola ad pares utrunque angulos infimo in axis capi <lb/>te per&longs;cribimus. Hanc diametrum <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> partes diuidimus qua <lb/>tuor et uiginti. Partium unam damus altitudini nextru<gap/>: <lb/>quam quidem altitudinem i&longs;tic in pictura de&longs;cribimus li/ <lb/>nea pu&longs;illa. Rur&longs;us ex quattuor et uiginti particulis plan <lb/>t&aelig; capimus tris: ad i&longs;tamque altitudinem <expan abbr="&itilde;">im</expan> axi ponimus cen <lb/>trum proxim&aelig; retractionis. Per hocque centrum lineam du <lb/>cimus ad pares angulos &aelig;quidi&longs;tantem plant&aelig;. I&longs;t&aelig;c igitur <lb/>linea erit diameter im&aelig; retractionis: cuius longitu<gap/>o fi<gap/>t <lb/>breuior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;it ip&longs;a diameter plant&aelig; ex illius &longs;eptima. Signa <lb/>tis his duabus lineis/hoc e&longs;t diametro <expan abbr="retracti&otilde;is">retractionis</expan> et nextro <lb/>a capite nextri &longs;oluto ad caput retractionis ducimus lin<gap/><expan abbr="&atilde;">am</expan> <lb/>inflexam dor&longs;o uer&longs;us axem flexione <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri poterit mol <lb/>li atque grati&longs;&longs;ima. Eius i&longs;tius flexionis initium quar<gap/><expan abbr="&atilde;">am</expan> <gap/>a <lb/>bebit circuli pu&longs;illi: cuius cicli &longs;emidiameter &longs;it nextri a<gap/><lb/>titudo. Po&longs;t id totam axis longitudinem in partes diuidi/ <lb/>mus &aelig;quales &longs;eptem. et eas diui&longs;iones <expan abbr="p&utilde;ctis">punctis</expan> annotau<gap/>. <lb/>Quarto igitur in puncto a planta numerare incipiens cen <lb/>&longs;tituam centrum uentris: per quod &longs;uam ducas diametru<gap/>: <lb/>cuius longitudo &aelig;qualis &longs;it diametro im&aelig; retractionis. <expan abbr="S&utilde;">Sum</expan> <lb/>ma <expan abbr="de&itilde;ceps">deinceps</expan> retractio et proiectura con&longs;tituentur &longs;ic. Nam <lb/>pro column&aelig; magnitudine de qua &longs;uo loco rati<gap/>/ <lb/>&longs;ummi circuli diameter ex diametro ima plant<gap/> d<gap/>du/ 
<pb/>cetur: atque in pictura ad &longs;upremum caput axis ad&longs;cribetur <lb/>Quam quidem diametrum cum erit de&longs;cripta in particu/ <lb/>las diuidemus duodecim. Harum particularum integram <lb/>unam occupabu<gap/> una torquis et nextrum &longs;umm&aelig; proiectu <lb/>r&aelig;. Sic nam torquis huius ip&longs;ius xii. tertiam capiet bis: reli <lb/>quum dabitur nextro. Sed hac proiectura erit retractio: cu <lb/>ius centrum di&longs;tabit a centro &longs;upremi circuli proiectur&aelig; ex <lb/>particulis illius. xii. una atque in&longs;uper dimidia. Eritque retra <lb/>ctionis ip&longs;ius diameter minus diametro maximo proiectur&aelig; <lb/>ex illius nona. Po&longs;t h&aelig;c ducetur inflexa linea ductu quali <lb/>infimam duximus inflexuram. Demum per&longs;criptis in pictu <lb/>ra proiectionibus/retractionibus/obliquis inflexuris et <expan abbr="u&etilde;">uem</expan> <lb/>tris diametro ducetur linea recta a capite <expan abbr="retracti&otilde;is">retractionis</expan> &longs;upre <lb/>m&aelig; atque item a capite im&aelig; retractionis ad caput diametri: <lb/>qua uentrem notarimus. Itaque his quas <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan> per&longs;crip <lb/>tionibus linea qu&aelig; finitor dicitur compo&longs;ita e&longs;t. Ad cuius <lb/>line&aelig; modum tabula gracilis deformabitur/ qua fabri lapi <lb/>cid&aelig; iu&longs;tum column&aelig; ambitum et finitiones captent atque <lb/>terminent. Scapi imi &longs;uperficies &longs;i erit columna bene torna <lb/>ta ad pares utrinque angulos medii <expan abbr="perp&etilde;diculi">perpendiculi</expan> co&aelig;quabitur <lb/>ducto radio a <expan abbr="c&etilde;tro">centro</expan> circuli/qui in &longs;uprema column&aelig; &longs;uper <lb/>ficie &longs;it. H&aelig;c a ueteribus litteris tradita <expan abbr="n&otilde;">non</expan> inuenimus: &longs;ed <lb/>diligentia &longs;tudioque ex optimorum operibus annotauimus. <lb/>Qu&aelig; &longs;equentur ad i&longs;tiu&longs;modi lineamentorum rationes ma <lb/>xima ex parte pertinebunt: eruntque multo digni&longs;&longs;ima et ad <lb/>pictorum delitias mirifice conferent.</s>
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<s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE RE <lb/>AEDIFICATORIA LIBER SEPTIMVS <lb/>QVI SACRORVM ORNAMENTVM <lb/>INSCRIBITVR.</s>
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<s>EM AEDIFICATORIAM CONSTA <lb/>re partibus diximus/et partium alias <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e: quibus omne &aelig;dificiorum genus quale <lb/>cunque <expan abbr="ip&longs;&utilde;">ip&longs;um</expan> &longs;it contineatur: uti e&longs;t <expan abbr="area/tect&utilde;">area/tectum</expan> <lb/>et eiu&longs;modi. Alias autem e&longs;&longs;e quibus &aelig;difi <lb/>cia ip&longs;a differant inter &longs;e. De illorum <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;">ornamen</expan> <lb/>tis hactenus recen&longs;uimus quantum ad in&longs;titutum pertinere <lb/><expan abbr="uideba&ttilde;">uidebatur</expan>. Nunc de his alteris dicendum e&longs;t. Habebit <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>h&aelig;c di&longs;qui&longs;itio utilitatis tantum: ut ea ne pictores quidem <lb/>uenu&longs;tatum exqui&longs;iti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;ectatores ullo pacto &longs;ibi caren <lb/>dum e&longs;&longs;e affirmaturi &longs;int. Habebit etiam iucunditatis quo <lb/>ad non dico plus legi&longs;&longs;e non poeniteat. Sed uelim non im <lb/>probes/&longs;i nouis propo&longs;itis finibus nouis primordiis <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> ag/ <lb/>grediemur. Primordia quidem aditu&longs;que ex diui&longs;ione et per <lb/>&longs;criptione annotatione ue partium ex quibus tota cau&longs;a con <lb/>&longs;tet recti&longs;&longs;ime panduntur. <expan abbr="N&atilde;">Nam</expan> ueluti in &longs;tatua &aelig;re auro ar <lb/>gentoque mixtis conflata aliud faber ex pondere con&longs;iderat: <lb/>aliud fictor ex lineamentis: aliud alii forta&longs;&longs;is qu&aelig;rent. Ita <lb/>et nos alibi partes ha&longs;ce rei &aelig;dificatori&aelig; ita <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;das">di&longs;tribuendas</expan> di <lb/>ximus: ut <expan abbr="ordin&etilde;">ordinem</expan> &longs;atis aptum atque expeditum pr&aelig;buerint re <lb/>cen&longs;endi qu&aelig; illic ad <expan abbr="e&atilde;">eam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> facerent. Nunc partionem pr&aelig;fi <lb/>niemus eam: qu&aelig; poti&longs;&longs;imum uenu&longs;tati decorique &aelig;dificiorum<lb/>&longs;ati&longs;faciat magis &quml; utilitati ac firmitati. Tamet&longs;i i&longs;tiu&longs;mo <lb/>di omnes laudes ita inter &longs;e <expan abbr="conueni&atilde;t">conueniant</expan>: ut in qua re aliquid <lb/>horum de&longs;ideres: in ea quidem et c&aelig;tera non probentur. Aedi <lb/>ficia igitur alia publica alia &longs;unt priuata. Tamen et publi/ <lb/>ca atque item priuata aut &longs;acra quidem &longs;unt aut profana.</s>
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<s>De publicis &aelig;dificiis prius dicam. Vibium moenia uete/ <lb/>res &longs;umma religione &longs;tatuebant et numini <expan abbr="dicabant/&itilde;">dicabant/im</expan> cuius <lb/>tutela futuri e&longs;&longs;ent. Neque ulla quidem hominum ratio/ <lb/>ne arbierabantur po&longs;&longs;e mortalium res &longs;atis a quoq<gap/>m mo/ <lb/>derari: quin inter homines contumelia atque perfidia uer&longs;a <lb/>rentur: &longs;emperque uel &longs;uorum negligentia uel finitimorum 
<pb/>inuidia &aelig;que <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e/atque in &longs;alo nauim arbitrabantur ca <lb/>&longs;ibus proximam/periculi&longs;que expo&longs;itam. Ea re fabulari &longs;oli <lb/>tos <expan abbr="&it