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<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE archimedes SYSTEM "../dtd/archimedes.dtd" ><archimedes> <info> <author>Alberti, Leone Battista</author> <title>De re aedificatoria</title> <date>1485</date> <place>Florence</place> <translator></translator> <lang>la</lang> <cvs_file>alber_reaed_01_la_1485</cvs_file> <cvs_version></cvs_version> <locator>0000000004.xml</locator> </info> <text> <front> </front> <body> <chap> <pb/><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE RE AEDIFICA <lb/>TORIA INCIPIT <gap/> LEGE FELICITER</s></p><p type="main"> <s><arrow.to.target n="marg1"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin"> <s><margin.target id="marg1"></margin.target>m</s></p><p type="main"> <s>VLTAS ET VARIAS ARTES QVE <lb/>ad uitam bene beateque <expan abbr="ag&etilde;dam">agendam</expan> faciant &longs;umma <lb/>indu&longs;tria et diligentia conqui&longs;itas nobis ma <lb/>iores no&longs;tri tradidere. </s> <s>Quæ omnes et &longs;i ferant <lb/>præ &longs;e: qua&longs;i certatim huc tendere: Vt pluri <lb/>mum generi hominum pro&longs;int: tamen habere <lb/>innatum atque in&longs;itum eas intelligimus quip <lb/>piam: quo &longs;ingulæ &longs;ingulos præceteris diuer&longs;o&longs;que polliceri fruc <lb/>tus uideantur: Nanque artes quidem alias nece&longs;&longs;itate &longs;ectamur: <lb/>alias probamus utilitate: Aliæ uero quod tantum circa res cognitu <lb/>grati&longs;&longs;imas uer&longs;entur in pretio &longs;unt: quales autem hæ &longs;int artes <lb/>non e&longs;t ut pro&longs;equar: inpromptu enim &longs;unt: uerum &longs;i repetas ex <lb/>omni maximarum artium numero nullam penitus inuenies: quæ <lb/>non &longs;pretis reliquis &longs;uos quo&longs;dam & proprios fines petat et con <lb/>templetur. </s> <s>Aut &longs;i tandem comperias ullam: quæ cum huiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;it: ut ea carere nullo pacto po&longs;&longs;is: tum et de &longs;e utilitatem: uolup <lb/>tati dignitatique oiunctam præ&longs;tet: meo iudicio ab earum numero <lb/>excludendam e&longs;&longs;e: non duces architecturam: namque ea quidem <lb/>&longs;iquidem rem diligentius pen&longs;itaris et publice & priuatim com <lb/>modi&longs;&longs;ima et uehementer grati&longs;&longs;ima generi hominum e&longs;t: digni <lb/>tateque inter primas non po&longs;trema: Sed <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequae</expan> ultra progrediar: <lb/>explicandum mihi cen&longs;eo quemnam haberi uelim architectum: <lb/>Non enim tignarium adducam <expan abbr="fabrũ">fabrum</expan>: quem tu &longs;ummis cæterarum<lb/>di&longs;ciplinarum uiris compares: Fabri enim manus architecto pro <lb/>in&longs;trumento <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>. </s> <s>Architectum ego hunc fore con&longs;tituam/qui certa <lb/>admirabilique ratione et uia tum mente animoque diffinire: tum et <lb/>opere ab&longs;oluere didicerit quecunque ex ponderum motu corporum que<lb/>compactione et coagmentatione digni&longs;&longs;imis <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> u&longs;ibus bel <lb/>li&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="cõmodentur">commodentur</expan>: Quæ ut po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="cõpre">compre</expan><gap/>n&longs;ione et cognitione <lb/>opus e&longs;t rerum optimarum et digni&longs;&longs;imarum: Itaque huiu&longs;modi erit <lb/>architectus: redeo ad rem Fuere qui dicerent aquam aut ignem <pb/>præbui&longs;&longs;e principia: quibus effectum &longs;it ut hominum cetus cele <lb/><expan abbr="braren&ttilde;">brarentur</expan>: Nobis uero tecti parieti&longs;que utilitatem atque nece&longs;&longs;itatem <lb/>&longs;pectantibus ad homines conciliandos atque una continendos / <lb/>maiorem in modum ualui&longs;&longs;e nimirum per&longs;uadebitur: Sed ne Ar <lb/>chitecto ea re &longs;olum debemus/quod tuta o<gap/> tataque diffugia c<gap/>tra <lb/>&longs;olis ardorés Eiumam/pruina&longs;que dederit: tam et &longs;i ip&longs;um id haud <lb/><expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> minimum beneficium e&longs;t: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod multa <expan abbr="ĩuenerit">inuenerit</expan> priuatim <lb/>et publice: proculdubio longe utilia: et ad uite u&longs;um iterum <expan abbr="atqueiterũ">atque<lb/>iterum</expan> <expan abbr="acc&etilde;modati&longs;&longs;ima">accemmodati&longs;&longs;ima</expan>: Quot familias hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas et ro&longs;ira et <lb/>alie orbis urbes <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> iniuria labefactatas funditus ami&longs;i&longs;&longs;et/ <lb/>ni eos patrii lares/qua&longs;i inmaiorum &longs;uorum gremio receptos con <lb/>foui&longs;&longs;ent: Dedalum &longs;ua probarunt tempora: uel maxime quod <lb/>apud &longs;elinuntios Antrum ædificarit: exquo tepens leni&longs;que uapor <lb/>ita effiaret ac colligeretur/ut &longs;udores graui&longs;&longs;<gap/>os eliceret: cor <lb/>poraque curaret &longs;umma cum uoluptate: Quid alii <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> multa i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi <expan abbr="excogitarũt">excogitarunt</expan>: que adbonam ualitudinem faciant ge&longs;tationes <lb/>natationes: thermas et huiu&longs;modi: Aut quid refeiam uehicula pi <lb/>&longs;trina horaria et minuta hæc: quæ tamen in uita degenda <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>momen<gap/> habent? </s> <s>Quid aquarum copias ex intimis reconditi&longs;que<lb/>pro luctas: u&longs;ibu&longs;que tam uariis tamque expeditis expo&longs;itas? </s> <s>Quid <lb/>t ooh<gap/>a: delubia: fana: templa et eiu&longs;modi/que ad cultum religi <lb/>onis fructum que po&longs;teritatis adinuenit? </s> <s>Quid demum quod ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;is <lb/>rupibus/pfo&longs;&longs;<gap/>s montibus/completis conuallibus/coercitis lacu <lb/>marique expurgata palude coædificatis nauibus/directis flumini <lb/>bus expeditis ho&longs;tiis /con&longs;titutis pontibus: portuque non &longs;olum <lb/>temporariis hominum commodis prouidit: Verum et aditus ad <lb/>omnes orbis prouincias patefecit: Exquo effectum e&longs;t: Vt fruges <lb/><expan abbr="aromata/gemmas/rerũque">aromata/gemmas/rerunque</expan> peritias et cognitiones: et quæcunque ad <lb/>&longs;alutem & uitæ modum conferant: homines hominibus mutuis <lb/>officiis communicarint: Adde his tormenta/ machinas/arces/et <lb/>quæ ad patriam/libertatem rem/ decu&longs;que ciuitatis tuendam au <lb/>gendamque ad propagandum &longs;tabiliendumque imperium ualeant: <lb/>Fquidem &longs;ic arbiti or: quotquot a uetere <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> memoria uibes <lb/>ob&longs;idione &longs;ub aliorum <expan abbr="imperiũ">imperium</expan> uenerint: &longs;i <expan abbr="rog&etilde;tur">rogentur</expan> aquo debellatæ <pb/>&longs;ubacteque &longs;int: non negaturas ab architecto. </s> <s>Armatum enim faci <lb/>le ho&longs;tem contemp&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: Sed ingenii uim: et operum molem: & <lb/>tormentorum impetum: quibus urgeret/obrueret/pre&longs;&longs;aretque ar <lb/>chitectus tolerare diutius nequiui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Et contra ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> <lb/>euenit: ut &longs;e &longs;e alia re magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> architecti ope et artibus &longs;atis fore <lb/>tutos deputent. </s> <s>Tum &longs;i habitas expeditiones repetas/forta&longs;&longs;i&longs; <lb/>reperies huius artibus et uirtute uictorias plures <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> imperatoris <lb/>ductu au&longs;picii&longs;ue partas: ho&longs;temque &longs;epius huius ingenio ab&longs;que illi <lb/>us <expan abbr="armi&longs;/&qtilde;">armi&longs;/quae</expan> illius ferro/&longs;ine i&longs;tius con&longs;ilio &longs;uccubui&longs;&longs;e: Et quod <lb/>maxime præ&longs;tat/parua manu &longs;aluoque uincit milite architectu&longs;. <lb/></s> <s>De utilitate hactenus. </s> <s>Quam uero grata & <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> penitus i&longs;ideat ani <lb/>mis ædificandi cura & ratio cum aliunde / tum hinc apparet/ quod<lb/>neminem reperias modo ad&longs;int facultates/qui non totus ad quip <lb/>piam coædificandum pendeat: Et &longs;iquid ad rem ædificatoriam <lb/>excogitarit/uolens ac lubens non proferat: & qua&longs;i iubente natu <lb/>ra u&longs;ui hominum propalet. </s> <s>Et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;epe euenit: ut etiam rebus ali <lb/>is occupati nequeamus non facere / quin mente et animo aliquas <lb/>ædificationes commentemur. </s> <s>Et aliorum &longs;pectato ædificio &longs;in <lb/>gulas ilico dimen&longs;iones lu&longs;tramus ac pen&longs;itamus pro que ingenii <lb/>uiribus di&longs;quirimus quid nam adimi/addi immutari ue po&longs;&longs;it: <lb/>quo id opus reddatur elegantius/ultroque monemus. </s> <s>Si quid uero <lb/>bene diffinitum recteque ab&longs;olutum &longs;it: quis id non &longs;pectet <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;um <lb/>ma uoluptate atque ilaritate? </s> <s><expan abbr="Iã">Iam</expan> uero <expan abbr="&qtilde;tum">quatum</expan> ciues domi fori&longs;que non <lb/>iuuerit modo atque delectarit architectura / &longs;ed multo quidem ho <lb/>ne&longs;tarit quid e&longs;t quod referam? </s> <s>Quis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ibi laudi a&longs;cribat quod <lb/>ædificarit? </s> <s>Priuatis etiam quod habitemus ædibus paulo accura <lb/>tius con&longs;tructis gloriam? </s> <s>Eoni uiri quod parietem aut porticum du <lb/>xeris lauti&longs;&longs;imam/ quod ornamenta po&longs;tium <expan abbr="colunnarũ">colunnarum</expan> tectique <expan abbr="ĩpo">impo</expan> <lb/>&longs;ueris et tuam et &longs;uam uicem comprobant et <expan abbr="congratulãtur">congratulantur</expan>: Vel <lb/>ea re maxime quod intelligunt quidem te fructu hoc diuitiarum <lb/>tibi/familiæ/po&longs;teris urbique <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> decoris et dignitatis adau <lb/>xi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Cretam in&longs;ulam in primis <expan abbr="&longs;epulcrũ">&longs;epulcrum</expan> iouis nobilitauit: nec <lb/>tantum Apollinis oraculo <expan abbr="Delon/&qtilde;">Delon/quae</expan> forma & &longs;pecie urbis templi <lb/>que maie&longs;tate colebatur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Quantũ">Quantum</expan> uero auctoritati <expan abbr="ĩperii">imperii</expan> & nomis <pb/>latini <expan abbr="cõtulerit">contulerit</expan> ædificatio nihil plus dico <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> nos ex his bu&longs;tis et re <lb/>&longs;iduis ueteris magnificentiæ: quæ pa&longs;&longs;im uidemus multa hi&longs;tori <lb/>cis credere didici&longs;&longs;e: quæ alioquin forta&longs;&longs;e minus credibilia uide <lb/><expan abbr="ban&ttilde;">bantur</expan>. </s> <s>Preclare <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> apud <expan abbr="Tuchidid&etilde;">Tuchididem</expan> prudentia ueterum com <expan abbr="proba&ttilde;">probatur</expan>: <lb/>qui ita urbem omni ædificiorum genere para&longs;&longs;ent/ut longe <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> erant <lb/>potentiores <expan abbr="uideren&ttilde;">uiderentur</expan>: Et quis fuit &longs;ummorum ac &longs;apienti&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="prĩ">prim</expan> <lb/>cipum/quin inter primas propagandi <expan abbr="noĩs">noins</expan> et po&longs;teritatis curas rem <lb/>habuerit <expan abbr="ædificatoriã">ædificatoriam</expan>? </s> <s>Sed de his hactenus. </s> <s>Demum hoc &longs;it ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tabilitatem/dignitat&etilde;/decu&longs;que">&longs;tabilitatem/dignitaten/decu&longs;que</expan> rei pulice <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> debere archi <lb/>tecto: Qui quidem efficiat ut in ocio cum amænitate/ fe&longs;tiuitate <lb/>&longs;alubritate: In negocio <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <expan abbr="emolum&etilde;to">emolumento</expan> rerum que <expan abbr="increm&etilde;to">incremento</expan>: inutri&longs;que<lb/>&longs;ine periculo & cum dignitate uer&longs;emur. </s> <s>Hunc igitur ex uolup <lb/>tate/ atque mirifica opum gratia: exque nece&longs;&longs;itate: exque inuentorum <lb/>adiumentis præ&longs;idioque: exque fructu po&longs;teritatis <expan abbr="probandũ">probandum</expan> <expan abbr="colendũ">colendum</expan> <lb/>que e&longs;&longs;e: atque inter primarios/qui de genere hominum <expan abbr="hõres">horres</expan> et pre <lb/>mia meruerint/ <expan abbr="h&etilde;ndum">henndum</expan> non negabimus. </s> <s>Atq nos <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> i&longs;tec <lb/>ita e&longs;&longs;e intelligeremus/ cæpimus animi gratia de eius arte et re <lb/>bus accuratius per&longs;crutari: quibus nam principiis diducerentur/ <lb/>quibu&longs;ue ptibus haberentur: atque finirentur: quas cum <expan abbr="ĩueni&longs;&longs;em">inueni&longs;&longs;em</expan> <lb/>genere uaria numero pene infinita/re admirabilia/utilitate incre <lb/>dibili: ut interdum non con&longs;taret que nam hominum <expan abbr="cõditio">conditio</expan>: aut <lb/>quæ reip. </s> <s>pars/aut quis ciuitatis &longs;tatus magis debeat architecto / <lb/><expan abbr="ĩmo">immo</expan> <expan abbr="omĩum">ominum</expan> commoditatum inuentori: publica an priuata: &longs;acra <lb/>an profana: ocium an negocium: &longs;inguli ne quique/an genus homi <lb/>num uniuer&longs;um/In&longs;tituimus pluribus de cau&longs;is: quæ longum e&longs; <lb/>&longs;et hic pro&longs;equi: eadem i&longs;ta colligere: quæ his decem libris <expan abbr="mãda">manda</expan> <lb/>ta <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> litteris: Quorum hic erit rebus <expan abbr="tractãdis">tractandis</expan> ordo: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <expan abbr="ædificiũ">ædificium</expan> <lb/>qd corpus <expan abbr="quoddã">quoddam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="anĩaduertimus">aninaduertimus</expan>: quod lineamentis/ueluti <lb/>alia corpora <expan abbr="cõ&longs;taret">con&longs;taret</expan> & materia: Quorum alterum i&longs;tic ab ingenio <lb/>produceretur: alterum a natura &longs;u&longs;ciperetur: Huic mentem cogi <lb/>tationemque/huic alteri parationem &longs;electionemque adhibendam. <lb/></s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="utrorũque">utrorunque</expan> per &longs;e <expan abbr="neutrũ">neutrum</expan> &longs;atis adrem ualere intelleximus/ni & <lb/>periti artificis manus/quæ lineamentis materiam <expan abbr="cõformaret">conformaret</expan> ac <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;erit: Cumque ædificiorum uarii e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="u&longs;us/pue&longs;tigandũ">u&longs;us/pue&longs;tigandum</expan> fuit an <pb/>eadem lineamentorum finitio quibu&longs;que operibus conueniret. </s> <s>Di <lb/>&longs;tinximus ea de re ædificiorum genera/ in quibus quidem <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ha <lb/>bere plurimum momenti uideremus/cohæ&longs;ionem modumque line <lb/>arum inter &longs;e: ex quo præcipua pulchritudinis effectio emanarit <lb/>De pulchritudine idcirco cæpimus di&longs;quirere quid nam e&longs;&longs;et/ et <lb/>qualis cuique deberetur. </s> <s>Cumque in his omnibus peccata <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> of <lb/><expan abbr="fenderentur/ĩue&longs;tigauimu&longs;">fenderentur/inue&longs;tigauimu&longs;</expan> quo pacto emendari in&longs;taurarique po&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent. </s> <s>Cuique igitur libro pro rerum uarietate &longs;uus in&longs;cribitur titu <lb/>lus hunc in modum: Nam primi quidem titulus. </s> <s>Primo <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan> <lb/>ta. </s> <s>Secundo materia: Tertio opus: Quarto uniuer&longs;orum opus: <lb/>Quinto Singulorum opus: Sexto Ornamentum: Septimo Sacro <lb/>rum ornamentum: Octauo Publici profani <expan abbr="ornamentũ">ornamentum</expan>: Nono Pri <lb/><expan abbr="uatoriũ">uatorium</expan> <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tũ">ornamentum</expan>: <expan abbr="Decĩo">Decino</expan> Opum in&longs;tauratio: additi nauis: æraria <lb/>bi&longs;toria: numeri & linearum. </s> <s>Quid <expan abbr="cõferat">conferat</expan> architectus in negocio.</s></p><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE LINEAMEN <lb/>TIS LIBER PRIMVS</s></p><p type="main"> <s>ELINEAMENTIS AEDIFICIORVM </s></p><p type="main"> <s><arrow.to.target n="marg2"></arrow.to.target><lb/>con&longs;cripturi optima et eleganti&longs;&longs;ima quæmque<lb/>a periti&longs;&longs;imis maioribus fui&longs;&longs;e litteris tradita <lb/>et quæ in ip&longs;is opibus facundis e&longs;&longs;e ob&longs;eruata <lb/>animaduerterimus/colligemus: <expan abbr="no&longs;trũque">no&longs;trunque</expan> hoc <lb/>in opus tran&longs;feremus: His etiam addemus &longs;i <lb/>quid no&longs;tro ingenio et pue&longs;tigandi cura et la <lb/>bore ad inuenerimus: quod quidem u&longs;ui futurum putemus: Sed <lb/>cum huiu&longs;modi rebus alioquin duris et a&longs;peris atque multa expte <lb/>ob&longs;curi&longs;&longs;imis con&longs;cribendis me cupiam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="aperti&longs;&longs;imũ/et">aperti&longs;&longs;imun/et</expan> quo <lb/>ad fieri po&longs;&longs;it facilem et <expan abbr="expediti&longs;&longs;imũ">expediti&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: no&longs;tro pro more explicabi <lb/>mus. </s> <s>quid nam &longs;it qd aggrediar. </s> <s>Nam hinc non negligendi <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <lb/>dicendarum fontes <expan abbr="patebũt">patebunt</expan>: unde cetera æquabiliore oratione <expan abbr="dicã&ttilde;">dicantur</expan> <lb/>Rem <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> &longs;ic ordinemur. </s> <s>Tota res adificatoria lineamentis et <lb/>&longs;tructura o&longs;tituta <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: <expan abbr="Lineam&etilde;torũ">Lineamentorum</expan> <expan abbr="omĩs">omins</expan> uis et ratio con&longs;umitur: <lb/>Vt recta ab&longs;olutaque habeatur uia coaptandi iungendique lineas et <pb/>angulos: quibus ædificii facies comprehendatur atque conclud<gap/>tur <lb/>Atqui e&longs;t quidem lineamenti munus et officium præ&longs;cribere ædi <lb/>ficiis et partibus ædificiorum aptum locum et certum numerum: <lb/>dignumque modum & gratum <expan abbr="ordĩem">ordinem</expan>: ut iam tota ædificii forma <lb/>et figura ip&longs;is in lineamentis conquie&longs;cat. </s> <s>Neque habet lineamen <lb/>tum in &longs;e ut materiam &longs;equatur: Sed e&longs;t huiu&longs;modi ut <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> pluri <lb/>mis in ædificiis e&longs;&longs;e lineamenta &longs;entiamus: ubi una atque eadem in <lb/>illis &longs;pectetur forma. </s> <s>Hoc e&longs;t ubi corum partes: et partium &longs;ingu <lb/>larum &longs;itus atque ordines inter &longs;e <expan abbr="cõueniant">conueniant</expan> totis angulis toti&longs;que li <lb/>neis. </s> <s>Et licebit integras formas præ&longs;eribere animo et mente/&longs;eclu <lb/>&longs;a omni materia: Quam rem a&longs;&longs;equemur adnotando et <expan abbr="præfini&etilde;">præfiniem</expan> <lb/>do angulos & lineas certa directione et connexione. </s> <s>Hæc <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ita <lb/>&longs;int: erit ergo <expan abbr="lineamentũ">lineamentum</expan> certa con&longs;tan&longs;que præ&longs;criptio concepta a <lb/>nimo/facta lineis et angulis pfectaque animo & ingenio erudito: <lb/>Quod &longs;i uelimus inue&longs;tigare <expan abbr="quidnã">quidnam</expan> <expan abbr="ip&longs;ũ">ip&longs;um</expan> ædificium totaque &longs;t<gap/>c <lb/>tura p &longs;e &longs;it/forta&longs;&longs;<gap/>s facient ad rem/&longs;i <expan abbr="cõ&longs;iderabimus">con&longs;iderabimus</expan> quibus pri <lb/>mordiis quibu&longs;ue progre&longs;&longs;ibus inhabitandi &longs;edes / quas ædificia <lb/><expan abbr="nũcupant/olim">nuncupant/olim</expan> cæperint atque excieuerint: Qui &longs;i recte opinor/ <lb/>de tota hac re &longs;ic &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;umus. </s> <s>Principio genus <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>in aliqua tuta regione &longs;ibi quæ&longs;iui&longs;&longs;e quie&longs;cendi &longs;patia: et illic in <lb/>uenta area u&longs;ui <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> et grata con&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e: atque &longs;itum ip&longs;um oc <lb/>cupaui&longs;&longs;e: ut non eodem loco fieri dome&longs;tica omnia et priuata <gap/>o <lb/>luerit: Sed alibi accubari/alibi focum haberi: alibi alia ad u&longs;um <lb/>collocari: Hic adco cepi&longs;&longs;e meditari ut tecta <expan abbr="poner&etilde;t">ponerent</expan>: quo e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>a &longs;ole et imbribus operti: Idque ut facerent adieci&longs;&longs;e: deinde parie <lb/>tum latera: quibus tecta <expan abbr="imponeren&ttilde;">imponerentur</expan>. </s> <s>Sic enim a gel<gap/>dis <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;ta">tempe&longs;ta</expan> <lb/>tibus & pruino&longs;is uentis &longs;e futurus tutiores intelligebant: <expan abbr="Domũ">Domum</expan> <lb/>parietibus aperui&longs;&longs;e a &longs;olo in &longs;ublimi uias et fene&longs;tras: quibus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>aditus et congre&longs;&longs;us darentur: tum et lumina et auræ aptis <expan abbr="t&etilde;po">tempo</expan> <lb/>ribus exciperentur: et concepta forta&longs;&longs;is intra lares aqua uapores <lb/>que expurgarentur. </s> <s>Ita quicunque ille &longs;uit &longs;eu Ve&longs;ta dea Saturni fi <lb/>lia/&longs;eu Heurialus Hiperbiu&longs;que fratres/ &longs;eu Gellio aut tra&longs;o/Cy <lb/>clops/ue Tiphinchius/qui i&longs;ta <expan abbr="prĩcipio">principio</expan> in&longs;tituerit: Tandem &longs;ic <lb/>puto hos fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cond&etilde;dorum">condendorum</expan> ædificiorum <expan abbr="prĩos">prinos</expan> ortus/primosque <expan abbr="ordĩes">ordines</expan> <pb/>Demum excreui&longs;&longs;e u&longs;u et arte hanc rem arbitror: Variis ædifiei <lb/>orum generibus inuentis: quo ad res prope infinita redacta e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s>Namque alia quidem publica: alia priuata: alia &longs;acra: alia profana <lb/>alia ad u&longs;um & nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad urbis <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tũ">ornamentum</expan>: alia ad tem <lb/>plorum uoluptatem con&longs;tituuntur: Sed omnia ab his/ quæ recen <lb/>&longs;uimus principiis mana&longs;&longs;e negabit nemo. </s> <s>Que &longs;i ita &longs;unt in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t totam ædificandi rem con&longs;tare partibus &longs;ex: Hæ <lb/>&longs;unt eiu&longs;modi: Regio: Area: Partitio: Paries: Tectum: Apertio: <lb/>Hæc principia &longs;i fuerint percognita fiet ut quæ dicturi &longs;umus fa <lb/>cilius intelligantur: Ergo ea &longs;ic finiemus. </s> <s>Namque erit quidem a <lb/>pud nos Regio circumexpo&longs;ita totius &longs;oli amplitudo & facies: <lb/>ubi ædificandum &longs;it: cuius pars erit area. </s> <s>Area uero erit certum <lb/>quoddam loci per&longs;criptum &longs;patium: quod quidem muro ad u&longs;us <lb/>utilitatemque <expan abbr="ambian&ttilde;">ambiantur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed areæ apellatione ueniet quoque id / quo <lb/>cunque ip&longs;um ædificii loco &longs;it: quod deambulantes ue&longs;tigio premi <lb/>mus. </s> <s>Partitio e&longs;t quæ totius ædificationis aream <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> minoris areas <lb/>partitur: unde fit ut qua&longs;i membris in unum adactis & coaptatis <lb/>totum ædificii corpus minoribus ædificiis refertum &longs;it. </s> <s>Parietem <lb/>dicimu&longs; omnem &longs;tructuram: quæ a &longs;olo in altum &longs;urrexerit ad fe <lb/>rendum onus tectorum: quæ ue obducta &longs;tet ad interiora ædificii <lb/>u<gap/>cua obuallanda. </s> <s>Tectum appellamus non partem illam ædi <lb/>ficii &longs;olum &longs;ublimem atque <expan abbr="extremã/qua">extreman/qua</expan> pluuiæ intercipiuntur: <lb/>Verum et tectum id maxime e&longs;t quicquid late / longeque di&longs;ten <lb/>tum &longs;upra deambulantium caput ad&longs;tet: Quo ingenere &longs;unt con <lb/>tignationes/concamerationes/te&longs;tudinata: & eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Aper <lb/>tiones nuncupamus quicquid e&longs;t ubique per ædificium: quod in <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;um/egre&longs;&longs;um ue inde incolis rebus ue piæbent.</s></p><p type="margin"> <s><margin.target id="marg2"></margin.target>d</s></p><p type="main"> <s>De his igitur & de &longs;ingulorum partibus nobis dicendum e&longs;t: &longs;i <lb/>prius non nulla rettulci imus: quæ quidem &longs;eu principia/&longs;eu prin <lb/>cipiis no&longs;tri huius in&longs;tituti operis in&longs;ita atque innata &longs;unt: pluri <lb/>mum certe facient ad rem: Nam con&longs;iderantibus an &longs;it quippi <lb/>am/quod quibu&longs;que harum quæ diximu&longs; partium conferat / tria <lb/>inuenimus minime <expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&etilde;da">po&longs;tponenda</expan>: quæ <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> et tectis & parietibus <lb/>et reliquis eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <expan abbr="cõueniãt">conueniant</expan>: ea &longs;unt hæc. </s> <s>Vt &longs;int eorum<pb/>&longs;ingula ad certum de&longs;tinatumque u&longs;um comoda et in primis &longs;alu <lb/>berrima: Ad firmitatem perpetuitatemque integra et &longs;olida & ad <lb/>modum æterna: Ad gratiam et amænitatem compta/compo&longs;ita: <lb/>et in omni parte &longs;ui/ut ita loquar/redimita. </s> <s>His qua&longs;i rerum dicen <lb/>darum primordiis et fundamentis iactis ad in&longs;titutum pro&longs;e qua <lb/>mur. </s> <s>Regionem ueteres ut omni nocuo liberam et commodita <lb/>tibus reforti&longs;&longs;imam haberent/quo ad eius fieri poterat/uehemen <lb/>ter elaborabant: Atque inprimis cælum ne habituri e&longs;&longs;ent graue et <lb/>infe&longs;tum/omni diligentia pænitus præcauebant/prudenti id qui <lb/>dem & permaxime nece&longs;&longs;ario con&longs;ilio: Nam terram atque aquam <lb/>&longs;iquid habeat in &longs;e uitii/arte et ingenio corrigi po&longs;&longs;e non negant <lb/>Celum uero nulla ingenii ope/ nullaque hominum manu &longs;atis <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e emendari a&longs;&longs;euerant: Et <expan abbr="omnĩo">omnino</expan> &longs;piritus anhelitus/quo uno <lb/>maxime uitam ali &longs;eruarique &longs;entimus/mirifice ad &longs;alutem confe <lb/>ret/&longs;i erit per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> puri&longs;&longs;imus: Tum et quantam habeat celum ingi <lb/>gnendi<gap/>/producendis/alendis / &longs;eruandi&longs;que rebus uim: quis e&longs;t <lb/>quem id fugiat? </s> <s>Quando & præ&longs;tare ingenio eos <expan abbr="ĩtelligas">intelligas</expan> homi <lb/>nes: qui celo fruantur <expan abbr="puriore/&qtilde;">puriore/quae</expan> eos qui cra&longs;&longs;o et madenti. </s> <s>Quæ <lb/>una res poti&longs;&longs;imum effeci&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="credi&ttilde;/ut">creditur/ut</expan> athenien&longs;es acumine inge <lb/>nii multo præ&longs;titerint thebanis. </s> <s>Celum pro &longs;itu & locorum facie ali <lb/>um atque alium haberi &longs;entimus: quarum uarietatum <expan abbr="rões">rones</expan> partim in <lb/>telligere uidemur/ptim naturæ ob&longs;curitate abditæ atque ob&longs;tru&longs;æ <lb/>nos penitus latent: Sed de manife&longs;tis prius: po&longs;t occultiora p&longs;cru <lb/>tabimur: quo regiones <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;imas">commodi&longs;&longs;imas</expan> deligere et &longs;aluberrime po&longs; <lb/>&longs;imus degere. </s> <s>Aerem ueteres theologi <expan abbr="pallad&etilde;">palladem</expan> nuncuparunt: & <lb/>hanc Homerus <expan abbr="deã">deam</expan> <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> ait & <expan abbr="glaucopũ">glaucopum</expan> <expan abbr="apellari/purũ">apellari/purum</expan> &longs;ignificans <lb/>aerem: qui natura &longs;ui perlucidi&longs;&longs;imus &longs;it. </s> <s>Atqui in promptu qui <lb/>dem e&longs;t eum e&longs;&longs;e aerem &longs;aluberrimum: qui purgati&longs;&longs;imus: et per <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> puri&longs;&longs;imus &longs;it: qui acie ui&longs;us liberrime peruius: qui p lucidus: <lb/>qui leui&longs;&longs;imus: qui coequabilis et minime uarius. </s> <s>Tum contra <lb/>pe&longs;tiferum illic e&longs;&longs;e aerem &longs;tatuemus: ubi &longs;pi&longs;&longs;itudine <expan abbr="quadã">quadam</expan> aut <lb/>nebularum: Aut uaporum &longs;tet <expan abbr="cõcretus">concretus</expan> atque <expan abbr="fetul&etilde;tus">fetulentus</expan>. </s> <s>Vt <expan abbr="&qtilde;&longs;i">qua&longs;i</expan> quod <expan abbr="dã">dam</expan> <lb/>graue hæreat &longs;upciliis: atque <expan abbr="aci&etilde;">aciem</expan> premat. </s> <s>Hæc ut ita &longs;int <expan abbr="utrãque">utranque</expan> in <lb/><expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> fieri <expan abbr="arbitror/cũ">arbitror/cum</expan> cæteras ob <expan abbr="res/tũ">res/tum</expan> &longs;olibus <expan abbr="maxĩe">maxine</expan> atque <expan abbr="u&etilde;to">uento</expan>. <pb/>Neque hic phy&longs;ica illa recen&longs;ebimus/quo pacto ui &longs;olis uapores ex <lb/>intimis terræ ui&longs;ceribus <expan abbr="exhaurian&ttilde;">exhauriantur</expan>: atque in æthera <expan abbr="tollan&ttilde;">tollantur</expan>. </s> <s>Quo <lb/>maximo in &longs;patio orbis ua&longs;tum incumulum coaggregati: aut im <lb/>mani mole &longs;ua face&longs;&longs;unt: aut radios &longs;olis excipiendo/ qua parte a <lb/>refacti &longs;unt eo in latus labun<gap/> &longs;uoque ca&longs;u aerem impellunt/uen <lb/>to&longs;que <expan abbr="concitãt">concitant</expan>: Indeque &longs;e&longs;e intra occeanum acti &longs;iti <expan abbr="immergũt">immergunt</expan>: ma <lb/>ri demum infu&longs;i et humore pregnantes iterato aere uagando uen <lb/>tis <expan abbr="coercen&ttilde;">coercentur</expan>: et qua&longs;i &longs;pongia p&longs;tricti guttatim expre&longs;&longs;um humo <lb/>rem &longs;tillent atque impluant: quo & noui terra uapores <expan abbr="concreen&ttilde;">concreentur</expan>: <lb/>Siue hæc uera &longs;int quæ recen&longs;uimus: &longs;iue <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> uentus aut &longs;icca fumo <lb/>&longs;itas terræ: Aut calida euaporatio mota a frigore <expan abbr="impell&etilde;te">impellente</expan>: &longs;iue <lb/>aeris flatus: &longs;iue purus aer mundi motu/aut &longs;yderum cur&longs;u & radio <lb/><expan abbr="cõmotus">commotus</expan>: &longs;iue generabilis <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> &longs;piritus &longs;uapte natura agitabilis/ <lb/>&longs;iue <expan abbr="quippiã">quippiam</expan> &longs;it/qd non in &longs;e ip&longs;o &longs;ed in aere potius o&longs;i&longs;tat <expan abbr="ductũ">ductum</expan> <lb/>ex calida ui <expan abbr="&longs;ũmi">&longs;ummi</expan> ætheris atque incen&longs;ione <expan abbr="fcã">fcam</expan> ad <expan abbr="aer&etilde;">aerem</expan> liquentem: <lb/>Siue aliorum alia ulla ratio & opinio indi&longs;qui&longs;itione habeda fumi <lb/>or & antiquior e&longs;t/pretereundum cen&longs;eo/quod forta&longs;&longs;is ab re uideri <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Verum hinc ni fallor <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> ut po&longs;&longs;imus interpretari cur <lb/>&longs;it/quod uidemus alias orbis regiones e&longs;&longs;e eiu&longs;modi/ut aere gaude <lb/>ant læti&longs;&longs;imo: dum aliæ illis contiguæ & prope po&longs;itæ in &longs;inu <lb/>tri&longs;tiore celo et qua&longs;i me&longs;to die con&longs;o<gap/> de&longs;cant: Nanque id quidem <lb/>fieri <expan abbr="cõiecto">coniecto</expan> aliam nullam ob rem/ni&longs;i quod his cum &longs;olo: & uen<gap/>is <lb/>non bene conueniat. </s> <s>Siracu&longs;as aiebat Cicero ita e&longs;&longs;e po&longs;itas. </s> <s>ut <lb/>integrum per annum accolæ cuiu&longs;que diei &longs;olem uideant: iarum id <lb/>tamen <expan abbr="optandũ/et">optandun/et</expan> quo ad nece&longs;&longs;itas: locique oportunitas non inter <lb/>pellarit/in primis affectandum: Summendaque ea omnium erit re <lb/>gio: ab qua nebularum uis: & omnis <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;ioris">den&longs;ioris</expan> uaporis cra&longs;&longs;itudo <lb/>longe ab&longs;it. </s> <s>Compertum habent qui i&longs;ta &longs;ectantur / radios ar do <lb/>resque &longs;olis acrius agere/in quo den&longs;um offenderint: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in raro: In <lb/>oleo <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in aqua: in ferro <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in lana. </s> <s>Ex quo aerem: qui i&longs;tic <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in pro<lb/>ximo uehementius efferue&longs;cat: grauem cra&longs;&longs;umque e&longs;&longs;e arguunt. <lb/></s> <s>Egyptii de nobilitate contendentes <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteris o<gap/>bis gentibu&longs; glo <lb/>riabantur e&longs;&longs;e apud &longs;e hominum genus principio precieatum: ne <lb/>que alibi procreari <expan abbr="oportui&longs;&longs;e/&qtilde;">oportui&longs;&longs;e/quae</expan> ubi &longs;aluberrime e&longs;&longs;ent uicturi. <pb/>Se enim qua&longs;i perpetuo uere et con&longs;tanti aeris tenore præ cæteris <lb/>omnibus deorum benignitate mirifice donatos e&longs;&longs;e: <expan abbr="Tũ">Tum</expan> et inter <lb/>ægyptios eos pre&longs;ertim qui ad <expan abbr="Lybiã">Lybiam</expan> &longs;pectent/quod ibi <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> auræ <lb/><expan abbr="uarien&ttilde;/e&longs;&longs;e">uarientur/e&longs;&longs;e</expan> <expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> præditos ualitudine homines p <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> integerrima <lb/>&longs;cribit Herodotus: Et certe uidere uideor urbes <expan abbr="qua&longs;dã">qua&longs;dam</expan> cum Ita <lb/>lie/tum & aliarum gentium non <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> ob <expan abbr="r&etilde;/&qtilde;">ren/quae</expan> ob aeris modo frigen <lb/>tis modo feruentis &longs;ubitam <expan abbr="int&etilde;piem">intempiem</expan> fieri morbo&longs;as atque pe&longs;tilen <lb/>tes: Itaque & <expan abbr="&qtilde;tũ">quatum</expan> &longs;olis & quos &longs;oles habeat regio non iniuria <expan abbr="&longs;pectã">&longs;pectam</expan> <lb/>dum <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: Neqd ad&longs;it aut &longs;olis aut umbrarum/quod plus &longs;atis &longs;it. </s> <s>So <lb/>lem Garamantes <expan abbr="orient&etilde;">orientem</expan> et <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> execrantur/quod nimia radii <lb/>a&longs;&longs;iduitate <expan abbr="uran&ttilde;">urantur</expan>: Alii nocte <expan abbr="&qtilde;&longs;i">qua&longs;i</expan> ppetua pallent. </s> <s>Hæc ita ut &longs;int <lb/>non id <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> efficit quod orbis axem <expan abbr="pronior&etilde;">proniorem</expan> aut obliquiorem habe <lb/>ant/facit id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="plurimum/&qtilde;">plurimum/quae</expan> quod ip&longs;a locorum facie: aut obii <lb/>ciantur &longs;olibus atque uentis excipiendis/aut ob&longs;truantur. </s> <s>Malim <lb/>quidem auras <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="uentos/u&etilde;tos">uentos/uentos</expan> tamen <expan abbr="&qtilde;uis">quauis</expan> acres & in modicos mi <lb/>nus <expan abbr="mode&longs;te/&qtilde;">mode&longs;te/quae</expan> <expan abbr="ĩmobile">immobile</expan> & perinde graue cælum feram: et <expan abbr="capiũt">capiunt</expan> <lb/>inquit uitium Ouidius: ni moueantur aquæ: Quid aer: profecto <lb/>motu uehementer. </s> <s>ut ita loquar/hilare&longs;cit: Nam motu fieri <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <lb/>opinor/ut &longs;urgentes a terra uapores: aut di&longs;&longs;ipentur: aut motibus <lb/>in cale&longs;cendo concoquantur: Sed hos uentos uelim fractos obiec <lb/>tis montibus: et &longs;iluis: aut longa <expan abbr="cõmigratione">commigratione</expan> la&longs;&longs;os apellere: <lb/>Velim et ne per loca apellant: unde raptum malum ad nos affe <lb/>rant. </s> <s>Idcirco uitandum <expan abbr="cuiu&longs;&qtilde;">cuiu&longs;quae</expan> uiciniam admonere: ex qua <expan abbr="noxiũ">noxium</expan> <lb/>quid effluat: Quo ingenere &longs;unt teter odor/impuru&longs;que omnis ua <lb/>por palu&longs;trium fedarumque præ&longs;ertim aquarum et fo&longs;&longs;ionum. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cõ">Com</expan> <lb/>&longs;tat apud phy&longs;icos omnem fluuium qui niuibus excre&longs;cat/aerem <lb/>ducere frigidum et cra&longs;&longs;um. </s> <s>Sed inter aquas nulla erit <expan abbr="fedior/&qtilde;">fedior/quae</expan> <lb/>quæ motu nullo exagitata contabe&longs;cat: eritque morbo&longs;ior' uiciniæ <lb/>huiu&longs;modi contagio/quo uentis minus probatis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;titue&ttilde;">&longs;ub&longs;tituetur</expan>: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;">uem</expan> <lb/>tos <expan abbr="ferũt">ferunt</expan> &longs;uapte natura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> e&longs;&longs;e tales ut &longs;alubres aut <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;alubres">in&longs;alubres</expan> <lb/>&longs;int: Sed <expan abbr="aquilõem">aquilonem</expan> inqt Plinius <expan abbr="theophra&longs;tũ">theophra&longs;tum</expan> atque <expan abbr="Hippocrat&etilde;">Hippocratem</expan> &longs;e <lb/>cutus <expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <expan abbr="adbonã">adbonam</expan> <expan abbr="ualitudin&etilde;">ualitudinem</expan> <expan abbr="re&longs;titu&etilde;dã">re&longs;tituendam</expan> atque <expan abbr="&longs;eruãdã">&longs;eruandam</expan> accomo <lb/><expan abbr="dati&longs;&longs;imũ">dati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Hau&longs;trũ">Hau&longs;trum</expan> <expan abbr="affirmãt">affirmant</expan> <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> phy&longs;ici præ <expan abbr="cæ&ttilde;">cætur</expan> is generi <expan abbr="hõinũ">honinum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <expan abbr="noxiũ">noxium</expan>: qn & <expan abbr="pecud&etilde;">pecudem</expan> hau&longs;tro <expan abbr="flãte">flante</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ine piculo <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> pa&longs;cuis <pb/>arbitrantur: Neque item &longs;e u&longs;piam temere ciconias hau&longs;tris com <lb/>mittere ob&longs;eruarunt: Delphines per aquilonem uoces audire au <lb/>ra &longs;ecundante: Hau&longs;tro uero et tardius audire/ et non ni&longs;i ex ad <lb/>uer&longs;o redditas: Spirante aquilone dies durare anguillam &longs;enos <lb/>&longs;ine aquis: hau&longs;tro non durare/tantam ine&longs;&longs;e huic uento cra&longs;&longs;i <lb/>tatem et in morbos uim: Itaque ut hau&longs;tro ægrotari et admodum <lb/>pituito&longs;os reddi: ita et corocu&longs;&longs;uri referunt. </s> <s>Meridianum etiam <lb/>mare improbant una præ&longs;ertim re quod radiorum flexionibus obiec <lb/>tam regionem duos pati &longs;oles iudicent: unum cælo/alterum ab a <lb/>quis inurentem: Et maximam illic fieri uarietatem aeris &longs;ole ca <lb/>dente intelligunt: Vbi frigentes umbræ noctis aduenerint. </s> <s>Et <lb/>&longs;unt qui occiduas appul&longs;iones flexione&longs;que radiorum: &longs;eu ab aquis <lb/>et mari: &longs;eu a montibus remittantur: cæteris mole&longs;tiores putent/ <lb/>quod integro eius diei &longs;ole iam incalefactum locum plus &longs;atis fer <lb/>uidiorem reddant/æ&longs;tu adducto et flexionibus congeminato: <lb/>Quod &longs;i dabitur ut his cum &longs;olibus grauiores etiam uenti: li <lb/>beros ad te habeant aditus/ quid erit/quod mole&longs;tius aut minus <lb/>ferendum &longs;it? </s> <s>Matutinas etiam auras/quæ crudos ob&longs;urgentes <lb/>uapores offerant/non inmerito longe improbabunt: Diximus de <lb/>&longs;ole et uentis/quibus aerem uariari/et &longs;alubrem atque in&longs;alubrem <lb/>fieri manife&longs;to &longs;entimus: et diximus/breui&longs;&longs;ime quo ad hic dicen <lb/>dum uidebatur: et de his &longs;uo loco di&longs;tinctius per&longs;crutabimur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>RVRSVS in captanda regione conueniet: Vt &longs;it ea quidem <lb/>eiu&longs;modi/ut incolis omni exparte bene &longs;it futurum/cum rerum <lb/>natura: et cum reliquorum hominum genere atque conuictu. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nequeenĩ">Neque<lb/>enim</expan> ego illic/ubi condere Callicula <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> de&longs;tinauerat in alpium <lb/>arduo aliquo et difficili iugo/ni&longs;i maxima cogat nece&longs;&longs;itas: ædi <lb/>ficabo. </s> <s>Vitabo et de&longs;ertam &longs;olitudinem: qualem uarro fui&longs;&longs;e re <lb/>fert partem galliæ/quæ inter adienum &longs;it/qualemue &longs;cribit ce&longs;ar <lb/>p&longs;ua fui&longs;&longs;e tempora Britaniam: Neque placebit: &longs;i illic uti in&longs;ula <lb/><expan abbr="põti">ponti</expan> oenoe <expan abbr="uiu&etilde;dũ">uiuendum</expan> erit ouis <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> <expan abbr="auiũ">auium</expan>: aut &longs;i glande uti apud hi&longs; <lb/><expan abbr="paniã">paniam</expan> Plinii <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> nuliis <expan abbr="uiuebãt">uiuebant</expan> locis: Velim <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> nihil <lb/>de&longs;it: qd <expan abbr="adu&longs;ũ">adu&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="futurũ">futurum</expan> &longs;it Præclare alexander negauit uelle <expan abbr="ĩmon">immon</expan> <lb/>te Athos condere urbem / alioquin futuram ex Polycratis archi <pb/>tecti commento admirabilem/ea re/quod rerum <expan abbr="afflu&etilde;tiam">affluentiam</expan> incolæ <lb/>habituri non e&longs;&longs;ent: Ari&longs;toteli forta&longs;&longs;is poterat placere ea regio: <lb/>præ&longs;ertim condendis urbibus/quæ difficiles haberet aditus: Et <lb/>comperio fui&longs;&longs;e gentes: quæ &longs;uos fines de&longs;erti&longs;&longs;imos et de&longs;tituti&longs; <lb/>&longs;imos longe ac late ho&longs;tium <expan abbr="incommodãdorum">incommodandorum</expan> gratia e&longs;&longs;e affec <lb/>tarint: Horum rationes proba&longs;&longs;e ne <expan abbr="cõueniat/">conueniat/</expan> an <expan abbr="nõalibi">nonalibi</expan> di&longs;cep <lb/>tabimus: Sed hæc &longs;i ita iuuant publicis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> rebus/non <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>ut eorum in&longs;titutum improbem: At reliquis profecto ædificiis <lb/><expan abbr="pon&etilde;dis">ponendis</expan> mihi ea p placebit regio/quæ et multos et uarios habebit <lb/>aditus: quibus et naui et iumento et iugo <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> æ&longs;tate/tum et hyeme <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria commodi&longs;&longs;ime po&longs;&longs;int conuehi: Atqui erit ip&longs;a regio <lb/>neque <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> exuberantia madida neque &longs;iccitate a&longs;pera: &longs;ed habilis <lb/>et <expan abbr="cont&etilde;perabilis">contemperabilis</expan>: Aut &longs;i id ex <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> nequeat: paulo frigentem <lb/>et <expan abbr="&longs;iccam/&qtilde;">&longs;iccam/quae</expan> minus calentem et plus &longs;atis humectam eligemus: <lb/>Nam tecto/pariete/ue&longs;te/igne/motu frigora <expan abbr="uincen&ttilde;">uincentur</expan> <expan abbr="Siccitat&etilde;">Siccitatem</expan> <lb/>quidem cur uehementer hominum corpora aut ingenia lædat ha <lb/>bere in &longs;e quippiam haud multum arbitrantur: Tum et &longs;iccis du <lb/>re&longs;cere /frigidis forta&longs;&longs;is horre&longs;cere homines putant: Verum hu <lb/>midis tabe&longs;cere corpora omnia et calidis &longs;olui affirmant: Et uide <lb/>re licet cum frigida propter tempora <expan abbr="homines/tũ">homines/tum</expan> et frigenti loco <lb/>habitantes corpore &longs;tare ualido et morbis libero. </s> <s>Tam et &longs;i &longs;tatu <lb/>aut calentibus locis excellere ingenia/frigentibus præ&longs;tare corpo <lb/>ra: Tum ex appiano hi&longs;torico intellexi Numidas ea de re <expan abbr="maxĩe">maxine</expan> <lb/>longeuos e&longs;&longs;e quod hyemem <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> habeant frigentem: Omnium <lb/>tum <expan abbr="optĩa">optina</expan> erit regio: quæ &longs;ubhumecta et tepens &longs;it: Proceros: n: <lb/>et uenu&longs;tos ea homines feret/atque etiam minime tri&longs;tes. </s> <s>Secundo <lb/>loco ea erit Regio percommoda/quæ niuo&longs;is in prouinciis plus <lb/>cæteris habebit &longs;olis/et quæ &longs;olibus are&longs;centi inprouincia plus ha <lb/>bebit humecti atque umbrarum: Sed nullo ponetur loco ædificium <lb/>utcunque ip&longs;um &longs;it: <expan abbr="incõmodius">incommodius</expan> atque indecentius/quam cum intra <lb/><expan abbr="cõuallem">conuallem</expan> abditum &longs;it: Nam ut cetera obmittam/quæ <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> promptu <lb/>&longs;unt: ea &longs;ine ulla dignitate delite&longs;cere/et pro&longs;pectus amænitate in <lb/>tercepta nullam habere gratiam: Quid illud/quod breui fiat/ut <lb/>imbrium ruinis obruatur: et circum fluentibus aquis infundatur <pb/>& in modico imbibito humore continuo made&longs;cat: & terrenum <lb/>uaporem ualitudini hominum uehementer noxium a&longs;&longs;iduo effu <lb/>met. </s> <s>Non illic ualebunt ingenia hebetatis &longs;piritibus: Non illic <lb/>durabunt corpora. </s> <s>Commaceratis compagibus putre&longs;cent libri: <lb/>arma & quæcumque in horreis erunt: marce&longs;cent denique/uitiabun <lb/>tur uliginis exuberantia. </s> <s>Tum &longs;i eo ingreditur &longs;ol undique reci <lb/>procatis radiis torrebuntur: Si non excipient <expan abbr="&longs;oles/crude&longs;c&etilde;t">&longs;oles/crude&longs;cent</expan> um <lb/>bra/atque torpebunt. </s> <s>Adde his quod uentus &longs;i eo penetrat qua&longs;i cana <lb/>libus coarctatus durius et mole&longs;tius furit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> par e&longs;t: Si non ingre <lb/>ditur fit ut concretus illic aer ut ita dicam/lute&longs;cat: Conuallem <lb/>enim i&longs;tiu&longs;modi po&longs;&longs;umus non indecenter lacunam &longs;tagnum ue <lb/>putare aeris. </s> <s>Itaque erit quidem loci forma et digna et amæna: quæ <lb/><expan abbr="nequa&qtilde;">nequaquae</expan> humilis et qua&longs;i immer&longs;a: &longs;ed quæ cel&longs;a & admodum &longs;pe <lb/>culatrix fiet: et quo læti&longs;&longs;imus aer a&longs;&longs;iduo aliquo &longs;piritu mouea <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Habebit præterea earum rerum <expan abbr="copiã">copiam</expan>: quæ u&longs;ui et uolupta <lb/>ti u&longs;que futura <expan abbr="&longs;int/aquã/ignem/e&longs;cam">&longs;int/aquan/ignem/e&longs;cam</expan>: Sed in his <expan abbr="&longs;eruãdum">&longs;eruandum</expan> erit <lb/>nequid inde &longs;aluti et rebus hominum officiat: Aperiendi gu&longs;tan <lb/>dique fontes: Spectandæ & ignibus aquæ nequid ui&longs;co&longs;i/ mucidi <lb/>crudulenti ue in &longs;e admixtum habeant: quo incolæ in morbos in <lb/>cidant: Sino illud quod aquis fit/ut gutturoli calculo&longs;ique reddan <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Sino & rariora illa <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> miracula: quæ et docte et elegan <lb/>ter colligit Vitruuius arehitectus. </s> <s>Extat Hippocratis phy&longs;ici <lb/>&longs;ententia/aquam non depuratam &longs;ed grauem & &longs;apore non <expan abbr="dec&etilde;">decem</expan> <lb/>ti qui biberint: hi uentre æ&longs;tuo&longs;o et <expan abbr="tum&etilde;ti">tumenti</expan> <expan abbr="fi&etilde;t">fient</expan>: Cætera corporis <lb/>membra cubiti/ &longs;patule/ facies reddentur pænitus extenuata: & <lb/>mirum in modum gracilia. </s> <s>Adde quod uitio &longs;plenis male concre <lb/>to &longs;anguine inmorbos incident uarios et pe&longs;ti&longs;entes. </s> <s>E&longs;tate prolu <lb/>uie uentris fluente bile etdi&longs;&longs;olutis humoribus deficient: Tum et <lb/>morbis grauioribus atque diutinis <expan abbr="integrũ">integrum</expan> p annum laborabunt: a <lb/>qua intercus et præcordiorum angu&longs;tia et anxietatibus laterum <lb/>urgebuntur. </s> <s>Iuniores bili atra in&longs;anient: &longs;enes humorum incedio <lb/>flagrabunt. </s> <s>Feminæ ægre concipient: et per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> difficiles partus e <lb/>nitentur: Omnis denique ætas et &longs;exus morte immatura intempe <lb/>&longs;tiue cadet acta morbis atque ab&longs;umpta: Dies uero uitæ i&longs;torum aget <pb/>nullus: non tri&longs;tes et coinquinatos malis humoribus atque <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb/>perturbationum genere uexatos: tum et animo exagitati &longs;emper <lb/>erunt in mærore atque luctu. </s> <s>Plura po&longs;&longs;ent de aquis dici: quæ uete <lb/>res hi&longs;torici annotarunt/uaria & admirabilia: & ad hominum ge <lb/>nus bene atque male habendum ualidi&longs;&longs;ima: Sed rara illa et forta&longs; <lb/>&longs;is ad peritiam o&longs;tentandam: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad rem edi&longs;&longs;erendam facerent: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>et de aquis prolixius &longs;uo dicetur loco. </s> <s>Illud adeo negligendum <lb/>non e&longs;t/quod in promptu e&longs;t aqua nutriri omnia quæ coale&longs;cant <lb/>plantas/&longs;omina: et quibus ea uitæ pars ine&longs;t / quæ motu uigeat: <lb/>quorum fructu et copia reficiantur homines atque nutriantur. </s> <s>Id &longs;i <lb/>ita e&longs;t profecto quos nam habeat &longs;uccos aquarum hæc in qua <expan abbr="uitã">uitam</expan> <lb/>acturi &longs;umus regio quam diligenti&longs;&longs;ime &longs;crutari oportet. </s> <s><expan abbr="Indiã">Indiam</expan> <lb/>inquit Dyodorus multa ex parte habere homines proceros et uali <lb/>dos ingenioque præditos acri/quod aerem ducant purum & aquas &longs;a <lb/>luberrimas bibant. </s> <s>Atqui aquam dicemus e&longs;&longs;e &longs;apore optimam/ <lb/>quæ &longs;aporem habeat nullum: et colore commodi&longs;&longs;imam/quæ om <lb/>ni &longs;it colore penitus uacua et libera. </s> <s>Tum et aquam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optimã">optimam</expan> <lb/>referunt/quæ limpida perlucida et tenuis &longs;it: quæ in <expan abbr="candidũ">candidum</expan> lin <lb/>teum infu&longs;a non <expan abbr="cõmacularit">commacularit</expan>: quæ feruefacta fecem non dimi&longs;erit <lb/>Quæ mu&longs;co&longs;um alueum quo perfluat et præ&longs;ertim &longs;axa coinqui <lb/>nata non reddiderit. </s> <s>Addunt aquam per commodam e&longs;&longs;e in qua <lb/>legumina decocta bene <expan abbr="mite&longs;cãt">mite&longs;cant</expan>: et bonam qua bonum efficias pa <lb/>nem. </s> <s><expan abbr="Per&longs;crutãdum">Per&longs;crutandum</expan> item pari ratione nequid edat regio/quod <lb/>&longs;it pe&longs;tilens aut ueneficum quo ad qui degant eo loci in periculo <lb/>&longs;int. </s> <s>Sino illa quæ apud ueteres celebrantur / Colco ex frondibus <lb/>arborum &longs;tillare mel/quo gu&longs;tato pro&longs;temantur exanimes diem <lb/>que integrum pro mortuis habeantur. </s> <s>Et quod <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> in antonii exer <lb/>citu herbarum uitio eueni&longs;&longs;e: quas frumenti inopia milites cum <lb/>edi&longs;&longs;ent in&longs;ani facti lapidibus fodiendis intenti u&longs;que eo &longs;e&longs;e exagi <lb/>tabant/quo ad bili commota caderent atque <expan abbr="interir&etilde;t">interirent</expan> nullo tuti re <lb/>medio contra pernitiem/ut &longs;cribit Plutarcus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uino epoto: trita <lb/>hæc. </s> <s>Quid hac ætat<gap/>apud Apuleam inItalia &longs;uperi boni/quæ <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> <lb/>incredibilis ueneni uis increbuit <gap/>exterre&longs;tribus non nullis arane <lb/>olis quarum mor&longs;u homines aduaria in&longs;aniæ <expan abbr="deliram&etilde;ta">deliramenta</expan> <expan abbr="cõcitan&ttilde;">concitantur</expan> <pb/>atque ueluti per furorem acti <expan abbr="repiũtur">repiuntur</expan>: Mirum dictu. </s> <s>Nullus gra<lb/>uis tumor: Nullus liuor extat/qui corpore u&longs;piam appareat iac <lb/>tus ueneficæ be&longs;tiolæ &longs;eu mor&longs;u/&longs;eu aculeo: Sed principio obrec <lb/>ta mente languente attoniti: & ni opem afferant / confe&longs;tim pere <lb/>unt. </s> <s>Hos Theophra&longs;ti medicamentis curant: Qui quidem uipe <lb/>rarum mor&longs;ibus tybicine adhibi<gap/>a mederi a&longs;&longs;euerabat. </s> <s>Ergo uari <lb/>is modorum &longs;onis mu&longs;ici ita con&longs;ternatos mulcent. </s> <s>Cum uero ad <lb/>&longs;uum uentum e&longs;t canendi modum/illico qua&longs;i exciti a&longs;&longs;urgunt: <lb/>& per alacritatem ex libidine animi rem omni ne<gap/>uorum & uiri <lb/>um contentione execuntur. </s> <s>Atqui uidebis demor&longs;os alios &longs;alti <lb/>tando/Alios canendo/Alios alia exercendo & conando quæ libi <lb/>do eorum & in&longs;ania fert ad ultimam u&longs;que la&longs;&longs;itudinem: ne <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicquae</expan> <lb/>intermi&longs;&longs;a opera dies plu&longs;culos de&longs;udare & nulla re alia conuale <lb/>&longs;cere ni&longs;i &longs;atietate <expan abbr="cõceptæ">conceptæ</expan> incohateque dementiæ. </s> <s>Atqui &longs;imile <lb/>quiddam apud Albanos eos/qui contra Pompeium multa equi <lb/>tum ui bellarunt affui&longs;&longs;e legimus. </s> <s>Nanque illic &longs;olitas <expan abbr="ferũt">ferunt</expan> gigni <lb/>araneas: quarum aliæ tactos a &longs;e homines cogerent ridendo emo <lb/>ri: aliæ contra flendo.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Neque item in&longs;eligenda regione ea &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e tantum &longs;at e&longs;t: quæ <lb/>&longs;ub a&longs;pectu & propalam &longs;unt expo&longs;ita/ Verum etiam ob&longs;euriori <lb/>bus inditiis notatis totam cau&longs;am animo aduerti&longs;&longs;e opus e&longs;t. </s> <s>At <lb/>qui erunt quidem inditia optimi aeris/integrarumque aquarum &longs;i <lb/>ea regio feret bonorum fructuum copiam. </s> <s>Si &longs;enes ætate grandes <lb/>numero complures nutriat: Si ualida & formo&longs;a iuuentute/ Si in <lb/>tegro & frequenti partu abbundabit: Adde &longs;i puros partus & nul <lb/>lis mon&longs;tris fedatos dabit. </s> <s>Nanque ego uidi quidem urbes/quas <lb/>temporum gratia non nomino/in quibus parturiat nulla quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;e &longs;pectet una hominis: Atque præterea mon&longs;tri alicuius effectam <lb/>matrem. </s> <s>Vidi & urbem aliam Italiæ: ubi &longs;trumæ/&longs;trabi/claudi <lb/>& tortuo&longs;i tam multi na&longs;cantur/ Vt nulla pene illic creuerit fa <lb/>milia/quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> aliquem habeat mancum et comminutum. </s> <s>Et pro <lb/>fecto recte admonent/ubi corporis ad corpus membri ue ad <gap/>m <lb/>bra crebras ac maximas di&longs;&longs;imilitudines uideris: id celi aeri&longs;que<lb/>ui ac uitio: aut occultiori aliqua depra<gap/>atæ naturæ cau&longs;a fieri. <pb/>Et faciat ad rem quod aiunt in cra&longs;&longs;o aere minus fame&longs;cimus: In <lb/>tenui plus &longs;itiunt. </s> <s>Neque non condecet ex aliorum animantium <lb/>forma atque effigie futuras hominum habitudines coniecta&longs;&longs;e. <lb/></s> <s>Nam &longs;i iumenta & pecora firmi&longs;&longs;ima/ & membrorum amplitu <lb/>dine atque proten&longs;ione multa e&longs;&longs;e illic uiderint/tales &longs;e habituros <lb/>itidem filios poterunt non iniuria &longs;pera&longs;&longs;e: Neque ab re erit &longs;i a <lb/>corporibus reliquis/quibus uitæ uigor extinctus <expan abbr="e&longs;t/ĩditia">e&longs;t/inditia</expan> &longs;ump <lb/>&longs;erimus aeris atque uentorum. </s> <s>Namque ex proximis ædificiorum <lb/>ftructuris ea didici&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;umus: Quæ &longs;i erunt facta &longs;cabra & ea <lb/>rio&longs;a/inditio erit aduentitia inde mala conf<gap/>uere. </s> <s>Arbores etiam <lb/>in unam aliquam partem qua&longs;i communi con&longs;en&longs;u proclinatæ: <lb/>aut refractæ in fe&longs;tis uentorum motibus ce&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e o&longs;tentant. </s> <s>Ip&longs;aque<lb/>rediuiuia &longs;axa locis innata/aut po&longs;ita / &longs;i &longs;ummotenus plus &longs;atis <lb/>putria facta &longs;unt: Variam loci intemperiem nunc arde&longs;centis / <lb/>nunc torpentis aeris atte&longs;tantur. </s> <s>Et uitanda nimirum hæc in pri <lb/>mis erit regio/qua uehementes i&longs;tiu&longs;modi temporum tempe&longs;ta <lb/>tumque motus cra&longs;&longs;entur: Nam mortalium corpora &longs;i caloris aut <lb/>frigoris acri appellente ui occupentur / illico tota corporis coag <lb/>mentatio: & &longs;ingularum partium connexio labefactatur ac &longs;olui <lb/>tur: & ad morbos immaturamque &longs;enectutem compellitur. </s> <s>Vr <lb/>bem &longs;ub montibus/quæ exprocliui &longs;olem &longs;pectet occidentem: uel <lb/>ea re maxime in&longs;alubrem e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="affirmãt">affirmant</expan>: quod mox anhelitus noc <lb/>tis et umbræ gelidio<gap/>es &longs;entiantur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Conuenit etiam præteritorum temporum uici&longs;&longs;itudine ex <expan abbr="prud&etilde;">prudem</expan> <lb/>tum ob&longs;eruatione repetita/&longs;iqua &longs;unt etiam rariora omni diligen <lb/>tia præcogita&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Nam &longs;unt loca quædam quibus ine&longs;t natura oc <lb/>cultum quippiam/quod ad felicitatem atque infelicitatem faciat. <lb/></s> <s>Locris et Crotonæ nunquam fui&longs;&longs;e pe&longs;tem referunt. </s> <s>In in&longs;ula cre <lb/>te nullum nocuum uer&longs;ari animal. </s> <s>Apud Gallias raro ui&longs;um <lb/>oriri mon&longs;trum annotarunt. </s> <s>Alibi neque æ&longs;tate feruenti: neque <lb/>hyeme fulgurare affirmant phy&longs;ici. </s> <s>At in Campania inquit <lb/>Plinius per id tempus ciuitatibus ad meridiem po&longs;itis fulgu <lb/>rat. </s> <s>Ceraumnia apud Epirum montes ferunt dictos a cre <lb/>bris fulminibus. </s> <s>Tum & Beumnium in&longs;ulam <pb/>quod illic a&longs;&longs;idua fulmina iaciantur/poetis dedi&longs;&longs;e inquit Seruius: <lb/>Vt eo loci Vulcanum cecidi&longs;&longs;e dicerent. </s> <s>Apud Bo&longs;phoium & <lb/>in&longs;odones tonitrua & fulgura nunquam ui&longs;a atte&longs;tantur. </s> <s>ægypto <lb/>portenti loco e&longs;t &longs;i pluerit. </s> <s>Apud Hyda&longs;pem æ&longs;tatis initio conti <lb/>nui imbres manant. </s> <s>In Lybia tam raros moueri uentos ferunt: ut <lb/>ex celi cra&longs;&longs;itudine uariæ per aerem concretæ uaporibus &longs;pecies <lb/>&longs;pectentur. </s> <s>At contra maiore in parte Galatiæ per æ&longs;tatem tanta <lb/>uis perflat uenti: Vt lapides pro harena per &longs;ublime trahat. </s> <s>In <lb/>Hy&longs;pania ad hiberum circio uento onerata per celi plau&longs;tra præ <lb/>dicant. </s> <s>Notum quidem apud æthiopiam non perflare: Hunc ue <lb/>ro apud Arabes uentum & toglodytas uirentia omnia exurere af <lb/>firmant hi&longs;torici. </s> <s>Delon quidem nunquam fui&longs;&longs;e terræmotibus <lb/>uexatam/ Sed &longs;emper eodem man&longs;i&longs;&longs;e &longs;axo / cum circumuicinæ <lb/>terræmotibus cæciderint &longs;cribit Tuchidides: partem eam Italiæ <lb/>quæ ab algido &longs;ub Roma <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> hernicorum collium tractu ad ca <lb/>pua u&longs;que e&longs;t/crebris teriæmotibus qua&longs;&longs;atam: & prope de&longs;ola <lb/>tam uidemus. </s> <s>Sunt qui Achaiam a crebra aquarum inundatio <lb/>ne dictam extiment. </s> <s>Romam æternum &longs;ebrico&longs;am fui&longs;&longs;e compe <lb/>rio: Ea&longs;que febres Galienus nouum emitritarum e&longs;&longs;e genus putet: <lb/>Cui uaria & prope pugnantia inuarias horas remedia adhibenda <lb/>&longs;unt. </s> <s>Apud poetas uetus fabula e&longs;t Typhonem prochita in&longs;ula &longs;e <lb/>pultum &longs;e &longs;e non interrato commouere: ex quo fiat ut funditus <lb/>in&longs;ula contremi&longs;cat: Id quidem poetæ &longs;ic cecinere quoniam ter <lb/>ræmotibus in&longs;ula & eruptionibus uexaretur/adeo ut Etrien&longs;es: <lb/>& calchiden&longs;es habi<gap/> tores olim coacti &longs;int aufugere: & rur&longs;us <lb/>qui po&longs;t tempora a Hyerone Syracu&longs;ano mi&longs;&longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent / ut nouam <lb/>illic urbem conderent/a&longs;&longs;idui periculi et calamitatis metu au&longs;u <lb/>gerunt. </s> <s>Itaque eiu&longs;modi omnia ex longa ob&longs;eruatione repetenda <lb/>&longs;unt & ex aliorum locorum &longs;imilitudinibus comparanda/ quo to <lb/>ta ratio integrior habeatur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Quin et di&longs;quirendum an nullis incommodis occultioribus ea re <lb/>gio offendi a&longs;&longs;ueuerit: Putabat plato e&longs;&longs;e ut locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> nullis <expan abbr="diuĩa">diuina</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> in&longs;piret uigetque uis ac <expan abbr="demonũ">demonum</expan> terminatio incolis <lb/>aut propitia aut contra infe&longs;ta. </s> <s>Sunt quidem loca quibus homines <pb/>facile in&longs;aniant: quibus &longs;e &longs;e facile in pernitiem dedant: quibus <lb/>aut &longs;u&longs;pendio aut præcipitio aut ferro et ueneno facile uitam po <lb/>nant. </s> <s>Adde his quod &longs;ecretioribus iterum naturæ inditiis per&longs;eru <lb/>tatis/quæcunque ad rem faciant pen&longs;ita&longs;&longs;e opus e&longs;t. </s> <s>Vetus a De <lb/>metrio u&longs;que ductum in&longs;titutum non modo urbibus: & oppidis / <lb/>Verum etiam militaribus in dies ca&longs;tris ponendis: Vt iecora de <lb/>pa&longs;tarum illic pecudum in&longs;pectemur quo &longs;int habitu & colore: <lb/>Quæ &longs;i forte uitio infecta apparuerint/uitandam loci in&longs;alubrita <lb/>tem præ &longs;e ferunt. </s> <s>Aiebat Varro compertum habere &longs;e locis <lb/>quibu&longs;dam minuti&longs;&longs;ima quædam athomorum in&longs;tar uolitare ani <lb/>mantia aere: & anhelitu in pulmone excepta hærere præcordiis: <lb/>Et rodnedo inferre morbum atrum & <expan abbr="tabificũ">tabificum</expan>: atque perinde pe <lb/>&longs;tem pernitiemque afferre. </s> <s>Neque illud prætereundum e&longs;t/quod lo <lb/>ca inuenies aliqua &longs;uapte natura incommodis prope omnibus ua <lb/>cua & periculis libera: Sed ita &longs;unt expo&longs;ita/ut eo gentes exteræ <lb/>& aduentitiæ/non interraro pe&longs;tem & calamitatem inferant.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Eamque rem non armis tantum & iniuria exequuntur qualia &longs;unt <lb/>quæ Barbaris atque immanibus obiiciantur: Verum & per amiciti <lb/>am atque <expan abbr="ho&longs;pitalitat&etilde;">ho&longs;pitalitatem</expan> uehementer ledant. </s> <s>Aliqui quod uicinos cupi <lb/>dos rerum nouarum habuerint / ex illorum ruina et iactura pere <lb/>clitati &longs;unt. </s> <s>Peram in ponto ianuen&longs;ium coloniam a&longs;&longs;iduo pe&longs;tis <lb/>uexat/quod eo loci in dies excipiantur conuecti &longs;erui cum animi <lb/>egritudine. </s> <s>tum et &longs;itu atque illuuiæ tabe&longs;centes & morbidi.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Au&longs;piciis item & &longs;eruato celo regionis futuram fortunam inda <lb/>ga&longs;&longs;e prudentis & bene con&longs;ulti e&longs;&longs;e affirmant: Quas ego artes <lb/>modo cum relligione conueniant/minime a&longs;pernendas duco.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Quis id negabit quicquid id ip&longs;um &longs;it quod fortunam <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan> <lb/>in rebus hominum ualere plurimum? </s> <s>Ne uero affirmabimus pu <lb/>blicam urbis Romæ fortunam ad propagandum imperium ualu <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e non plurimum. </s> <s>yolai urbem in &longs;ardis ab Herculis nepote <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>ditam/ & &longs;i a Carthaginen&longs;ibus Romani&longs;que per&longs;æpius armis la <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ita extiterit: <expan abbr="æternũ">æternum</expan> tamen fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="liberã">liberam</expan> &longs;cribit Dyodorus. </s> <s>An <lb/>id ab&longs;que loci illius fortuna <expan abbr="fcũm">fcumm</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> apud delphos/ut <expan abbr="t&etilde;plũ">templum</expan> a Flegi <lb/>a prius <expan abbr="ĩc&etilde;&longs;um/tertio">incen&longs;um/tertio</expan> <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;yllæ <expan abbr="tpõribus">tporribus</expan> arderet? </s> <s>qd & <expan abbr="capitoliũ">capitolium</expan> <pb/>quotiens ar&longs;it? </s> <s>quotiens flagrauit? </s> <s>Sibaricen&longs;ium uibs cum <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> <lb/>atque iterum uexata et rur&longs;us de&longs;tituta et rur&longs;us deleta extiti&longs;&longs;et: <lb/>Po&longs;tremo etiam de&longs;erta man&longs;it: Quin & illinc fugientes m<gap/><lb/>pro&longs;ecuta felic<gap/>as e&longs;t: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> cum alio &longs;e &longs;e <expan abbr="trã&longs;tuli&longs;&longs;ent">tran&longs;tuli&longs;&longs;ent</expan>, nomenque ur <lb/>bis pri&longs;tinum ab<gap/>ieci&longs;&longs;ent: tandem calamitate e&longs;&longs;e immunes neq c <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> potuere: Nouis enim irruentibus incolis uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imæ atque pri <lb/>mariæ familiæ omnes ferro et cæde ab&longs;umpte una cum templis et <lb/>urbe funditus periere: Sed i&longs;ta &longs;inamus: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> referti&longs;&longs;imæ &longs;unt <lb/>hi&longs;torie. </s> <s>Hoc apud nos con&longs;tet hominis e&longs;&longs;e non &longs;tulti&longs;&longs;imi / om <lb/>nia tentare aggredi: quibus ædificationis cura atque impen&longs;a futu <lb/>ra &longs;it non fru&longs;tra/opu&longs;que ip&longs;um futurum &longs;it con&longs;tans & &longs;aluberri <lb/>mum: Et profecto in tanta re exequenda nihil pretermi&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;api&etilde;">&longs;apiem</expan> <lb/>tis & bene co<gap/>&longs;iderati hominis officium e&longs;t. </s> <s>An e&longs;t non <expan abbr="maximũ">maximum</expan> <lb/>tioi tui&longs;que agg redi/ quod ad <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> faciat/quod ad uitam cum di <lb/>gnitate & uoluptate agendam conueniat: Quod adnominis po&longs;te <lb/>ritatem & celebritatem conferat. </s> <s>I&longs;tic tibi rerum &longs;tudia optima <lb/>rum: I&longs;tic tibi liberi & dul<gap/>is familia. </s> <s>I&longs;tic ocii & negocii dies ha <lb/>bebuntur: I&longs;tic totius uitæ rationes con&longs;umentur: ut tota in uita <lb/>nihil apud genus hominum inuenire epiner præter uirtutem/cui <lb/>maiore cura/opera/diligentia uacandum <expan abbr="&longs;it/&qtilde;">&longs;it/quae</expan> ut &longs;o&longs;pite eum fa <lb/>milia bene habites: & bene habitari his neglectis rebus/quæ <expan abbr="rec&etilde;">recem</expan> <lb/>&longs;uimus/quis e&longs;t qui po&longs;&longs;e affirmet? </s> <s>Sed de his hactenus: <expan abbr="Sequi&ttilde;">Sequitur</expan> <lb/>ut de area inue&longs;tigemus. </s> <s>In area captanda quicquid de regione <lb/>di&longs;&longs;eruimus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãdum">ob&longs;eruandum</expan> e&longs;t. </s> <s>Nar que uti quidem regio amplieris <lb/>cuiu&longs;dam prouinc<gap/>æ certa &longs;electaque e&longs;t pars: Ita & area totius re <lb/>gionis præ&longs;criptum & difinitum quoddam <expan abbr="&longs;patiũ">&longs;patium</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;/quod">en/quod</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ad ædificium habendum occupatur: Ea de re ferme omnia habet <lb/>area cum regione communia quæ ad laudem uituperationemque<lb/>faciant. </s> <s>Verum hæc tam et &longs;i ita &longs;int/habet tamen di&longs;qui&longs;itio et <lb/>aduer&longs;io hæc præceptiones qua&longs;dam quæ unice et proprie ad are <lb/>am &longs;pectare uideantur: Qua&longs;dam etiam quæ non tantum ad a <lb/><gap/>eæ <expan abbr="p&longs;cription&etilde;">p&longs;criptionem</expan> <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan>: Quin multa ex pte quoque ad <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> r&untilde;es <lb/><expan abbr="ptineãt">ptineant</expan>: et &longs;unt huiu&longs;m&untilde;i: Nam o&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet qd aggredia <lb/>mur publicum ne opus/an priuatum: &longs;acrum ne an profanum: et <pb/>cætera generis eiu&longs;dem: de quibus &longs;uo loco di&longs;tinctius loquemur <lb/>Aliud enim foro/aliud theatro/aliud pale&longs;træ/aliud templo &longs;pa <lb/>tii locorumque debetur. </s> <s>Itaque pro cuiu&longs;que ratione et u&longs;u habendus <lb/>areæ &longs;itus erit & modus. </s> <s>Verum hoc loco ut generatim i&longs;ta / uti <lb/>cepimus/pro&longs;equamur/ea tantum attingemus: quæ fore nece&longs;&longs;a <lb/>ria arbitramur/Si prius de lineis aliqua retulero/quæ ad rem <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>mode exprimendam faciant. </s> <s>Nam de areæ de&longs;criptione tractanti <lb/>bus counenit ut de his tran&longs;igamus/quibus ip&longs;a per&longs;criptio anno <lb/>tatur. </s> <s>Omnis igitur per&longs;criptio lineis fit & angulis/Lineæ qui <lb/>dem &longs;unt extrema per&longs;criptio/qua integræ areæ &longs;patium circun <lb/>cluditur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Hãc">Hanc</expan> uero ad per&longs;criptionem pars illa &longs;uperficiei &longs;ub&longs;ti <lb/>tuta/quæ intra duas mutuo &longs;e &longs;e intercidentes lineas continetur/ <lb/>angulus dicitur. </s> <s>Atqui ex mutua quidem duarum linearum <expan abbr="ĩter">inter</expan> <lb/>&longs;ectione quatuor con&longs;cribuntur anguli: Quorum &longs;i erit qui&longs;que<lb/>quibu&longs;que trium reliquorum equalis/recti nuncupabuntur: Et qui <lb/>recto minores erunt/acuti appellabuntur: ut qui recto ampliores <lb/>obtu&longs;i dicentur. </s> <s>Linearum item alia recta/alia flexa/ cocleas & <lb/>uertico&longs;as lineas hic non e&longs;t ut referam. </s> <s>Recta linea a puncto e&longs;t <lb/>ad punctum ob longa per&longs;criptio / ducta ita ut fieri nulla po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>breuior. </s> <s>Flexa linea pars e&longs;t circuli. </s> <s>Circulus e&longs;t ea per&longs;criptio <lb/>facta ab altero duorum punctorum: qui in eadem &longs;uperficie ita <lb/>&longs;it circumactus/ut toto per&longs;criptionis ductu &longs;emper neque plus: ne <lb/>que di&longs;tet minus a medio immobili/quem obambiat puncto / <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>primum circunduci occeperat. </s> <s>Sed hisaddendum quod flexa line <lb/>a quam e&longs;&longs;e partem circuli diximus/apud nos hic architectos &longs;i <lb/>militudinis gratia arcus uocatur. </s> <s>Et quæ linea aduobus extremis <lb/>punctis flexæ lineæ directa ducitur pari &longs;imilitudine corda nun <lb/><expan abbr="cupabi&ttilde;">cupabitur</expan>. </s> <s>Et quæ linea a puncto mediæ corde coæquabilibus <expan abbr="utrĩ">utrim</expan> <lb/>que angulis ad arcum u&longs;que perducta extiterit/&longs;agicta appellabitur <lb/>Et quæ linea a puncto <expan abbr="ĩmobili/qd">immobili/qd</expan> intra circulum e&longs;t ad <expan abbr="flexã">flexam</expan> ean <lb/>demque <expan abbr="extremã">extremam</expan> circuli <expan abbr="lineã">lineam</expan> <expan abbr="pducere&ttilde;/radius">pduceretur/radius</expan> <expan abbr="dice&ttilde;">dicetur</expan>. </s> <s>Et <expan abbr="pũcto">puncto</expan> qd <lb/>huic <expan abbr="ĩmobili/quod">immobili/quod</expan> medium intra circulum a&longs;&longs;idet centro nomen <lb/>erit: Et quæ linea recta <expan abbr="pcentrũ">pcentrum</expan> tran&longs;iens duobus locis <expan abbr="flexã">flexam</expan> circu <lb/>li <expan abbr="lineã">lineam</expan> &longs;ecabit/diameter <expan abbr="appellabi&ttilde;">appellabitur</expan>. </s> <s>Inter arcus <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> differentia e&longs;t <pb/>Nanque alius integer: alius comminutus: alius compo&longs;itus e&longs;t. </s> <s>In <lb/>teger is e&longs;t qui circuli mediam <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> occupat/ hoc e&longs;t/cui corda <lb/>integri e&longs;t circuli diameter: Comminutus: cui corda e&longs;t minor di <lb/>ametro: e&longs;tque perinde idem is arcus <expan abbr="c&etilde;mirutus">cemmirutus</expan> &longs;omicii culi pars: <lb/>Compo&longs;itus ex duobus ominutis con&longs;tat: efficitque ea dere in &longs;um <lb/>mo angulum arcubus &longs;e &longs;e mutua iuncticne inter&longs;ecantibus: quod <lb/>neque integro neque comminuto euenit. </s> <s>His cognitis rom &longs;ic pro&longs;e <lb/>quemur. </s> <s>Arearum alia <expan abbr="ãguiaris">anguiaris</expan>: alia ci: cularis. </s> <s>Angularium alia <lb/>penitus rectis lineis. </s> <s>Alia rectis & flexis <expan abbr="mixtī">mixtim</expan> conclu&longs;a e&longs;t: Quæ <lb/>uero angularis flexis pluribus &longs;it lineis po&longs;ita/nullis inter mi&longs;&longs;is <lb/>rectis me in ueterum ædificiis inueni&longs;&longs;e non memini. </s> <s>At in his <lb/>ob&longs;eruanda ea &longs;unt/quæ in totis ædificii partibus uehementer ui <lb/>tuperantur &longs;i de&longs;int: et non &longs;ine gratia et commoditate habentur: <lb/>&longs;i ad&longs;int: hoc e&longs;t ut cum angulis: tum lineis: tum etiam partibus <lb/>quibu&longs;que uarietas <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> ad&longs;it: Ne <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> qd <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s/ne">frequens/ne</expan> ue <expan abbr="oīo">oino</expan> ra <lb/>ra/&longs;ed ita ad u&longs;um et gratiam po&longs;ita/ut integra integris: ct pari <lb/>bus paria conre&longs;pondeant. </s> <s>Rectis angulis percommode utuntur: <lb/>Acutis angulis nemo u&longs;us e&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> minimis in areis & neglectis ni&longs;i <lb/>inuitus et cogente aut locorum aut dignarum arearum <expan abbr="rõe">rone</expan> et modo <lb/>obtu&longs;os angulos &longs;atis decentes putarunt: &longs;ed hoc &longs;eruarunt ut nu <lb/>mero e&longs;&longs;ent nu&longs;&quml; di&longs;pares. </s> <s>Aream omnium capaci&longs;&longs;imam et in <lb/>qua &longs;epienda &longs;eu aggere &longs;eu muro minus impen&longs;e <expan abbr="habea&ttilde;/eã">habeatur/eam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>affirmant quæ &longs;iet <expan abbr="rotũda">rotunda</expan>: Proximam huic putant quæ plurimos <lb/>habeat proiectos angulos: Sed e&longs;&longs;e oportet angulos <expan abbr="oīo">oino</expan> compares <lb/>mutuoque corre&longs;pondentes atque coæquabiles omni in area. </s> <s>Atqui <lb/>has quidem in primis comprobant/quas intelligant parietes attol <lb/>lere commode ad operis altitudinem recte &longs;tatuendam uti ea e&longs;t: <lb/>quæ &longs;ex/quæ ue octo habeat angulos. </s> <s>Vidimus et aream angulo <lb/>rum decem apti&longs;&longs;imam & uenu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imam. </s> <s>E&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> ut recte poni an <lb/>gulorum area queat duodecim atque item &longs;exdecim: Vidimus qui <lb/>dem quatuor & uiginti angulorum aream: &longs;ed rariora i&longs;tec. </s> <s>Laterum li <lb/>neas ita <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> oportet ut eregione oppo&longs;itæ coæ&quml;les &longs;int: et nu&longs;&quml; lon <lb/>gi&longs;&longs;ime lineæ toto in ope breui&longs;&longs;imi uno pducto adigentur: Sed <lb/>erit inter eas pro rata rerum iu&longs;ta & condecens proportio. </s> <s>Angu <pb/>los co uer&longs;us iubent &longs;tatui/unde courgens aut ponderis ex rupe: <lb/>aquarum aut <expan abbr="u&etilde;torum">uentorum</expan> impetus et uis immineat atque impetat quo <lb/>apellentem iniuriam molem diffindat atque di&longs;&longs;ipet/muris fronte <lb/>ualida non imbecillitate laterum aduer&longs;us <expan abbr="mole&longs;tiã">mole&longs;tiam</expan> ut ita loquar <lb/>illuctantibus: Quod &longs;i cætera ædificii lineamenta euetuerint quo <lb/>minus po&longs;&longs;is angulo i&longs;tic uti ex &longs;ententia/flexione utendum erit <lb/>quando et flexa linea circuli e&longs;t pars: et circulus ip&longs;e philo&longs;opho <lb/>rum &longs;ententia totus e&longs;t angulus. </s> <s>Cæterum area aut plano <expan abbr="pone&ttilde;">ponetur</expan> <lb/>loco/aut accliui/aut &longs;ummo in montis uertice. </s> <s>Si plano ponetur <lb/>loco/coaggerare oportet: et qua&longs;i podium &longs;ub&longs;truere: Nam id <lb/>cum ad dignitatem plurimum conferat: tum et ni fiat / <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>incommodorum afferet. </s> <s>Fluminum enim et imbrium alluuiones <lb/>afferre limum &longs;olent planis locis: quo fit ut ip&longs;um &longs;olum &longs;en&longs;um <lb/>intumule&longs;cat: tum et hominum negligentia non a&longs;portatis rude <lb/>ribus et purgamentis/quæ in dies de&longs;tituuntur plana facile <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>cre&longs;cunt. </s> <s>Romam aiebat Frontinus architectus &longs;ua ætate colli <lb/>bus excreui&longs;&longs;e propter incendiorum frequentiam: At eam ip&longs;am <lb/>hac ætate uidemus totam ruinis & feditate obrutam: Vidi ego in <lb/>umbria &longs;acellum uetu&longs;tum plano in loco po&longs;itum / tamen multa <lb/>ex parte &longs;ubmer&longs;um/facta &longs;oli in &longs;e ex cretione quod ea planities <lb/>&longs;ub montibus extendatur. </s> <s>Sed quid ea memorem / quæ &longs;ub <expan abbr="mõti">monti</expan> <lb/>bus &longs;unt apud Rauennam? </s> <s>&longs;ub pomeriis nobile id delubrum: cui <lb/>pro tecto integrum extat lapideum uas/tam et &longs;i ad mare & <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> <lb/>a montibus re&longs;ideat/plus tamen quarta &longs;ui parte intra &longs;olum im <lb/>mer&longs;um e&longs;t ui temporum: Quam uero altam e&longs;&longs;e cuiu&longs;que ar<gap/><lb/>exaggerationem oporteat/&longs;uo dicetur loco: cum de his rebus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;ummatim ut hic/&longs;ed di&longs;tintius loquemur. </s> <s>Sed e&longs;&longs;e quamque are <lb/>am/aut natura aut arte <expan abbr="fcãm">fcamm</expan> <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imã">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> ouenit: qua de re illos <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> <lb/>primis audiendos puto/qui mouent ut una aut altera &longs;patio <expan abbr="di&longs;tã">di&longs;tam</expan> <lb/>tibus fo&longs;&longs;ione quid &longs;olum id den&longs;itate aut raritate mollitia ue ad <lb/>ferenda &longs;tructuræ onera per&longs;e ualeat/per&longs;crutemur. </s> <s>Et enim &longs;i ac <lb/>cliui ponetur loco pro&longs;piciendum e&longs;t/ne &longs;uperiora pre&longs;&longs;uræ mo <lb/>le&longs;tiis impellant: aut inferiora &longs;i forte moueantur / cætera in rui <lb/>nam trahant. </s> <s>Firmi&longs;&longs;imam quidem & omni exparte obfirmatam <pb/>uelim hanc e&longs;&longs;e ædificii partem: quæ totius operis futura &longs;it ba&longs;is <lb/>Si erit area in montis uertice/aut erit ea quidem exaggeranda ali <lb/>&quml; ex pre: aut decu&longs;&longs;o <expan abbr="cacumīe">cacumine</expan> <expan abbr="præ&longs;urg&etilde;tis">præ&longs;urgentis</expan> <expan abbr="mõtis">montis</expan> <expan abbr="coequãda">coequanda</expan>. </s> <s>Hic <lb/><expan abbr="pro&longs;pici&etilde;dum">pro&longs;piciendum</expan> e&longs;t ut id aggrediamur: quod &longs;eruata dignitatc mo <lb/>derata et modica fiat cum impen&longs;a atque labore. </s> <s>Forta&longs;&longs;is quidem <lb/>conducet partem ab&longs;ublimi excidere: et partem accliuam exagge <lb/>rare: Quam rem bene <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ultus">con&longs;ultus</expan> qui&longs;quis fuit ille architectus apud <lb/>alatrum hernicam urbem in &longs;axeo <expan abbr="mõte">monte</expan> po&longs;itam effecit. </s> <s>Curauit <lb/>enim ut ba&longs;is &longs;eu arcis/&longs;eu templa: quæ &longs;ola nunc cæteris &longs;up ædi <lb/>ficationibus dirutis uidetur/ex re&longs;ci&longs;&longs;isa &longs;ummo uertice <expan abbr="fragm&etilde;">fragmen</expan> <lb/>tis &longs;ubfirmata et &longs;ub&longs;trata extaret: Et eo in opere illud e&longs;t / quod <lb/>maiorem in modum probem: Nam obiecit angulum areæ eo uer <lb/>&longs;us unde repens montis pendet: eumque con&longs;olidauit angulum con <lb/>ge&longs;tis prægrandibus immanium fragmentorum fru&longs;tis et mole: <lb/>Deditque operam componendis lapidibus: ut &longs;tructuræ &longs;eruata par <lb/>&longs;imonia decorem afferret: Et illius quoque con&longs;ilium placuit archi <lb/>tecti: qui quidem quo loci non u&longs;que adeo tantam lapidis habuerat <lb/>copiam &longs;ub&longs;tituendo montis pondere aggerem &longs;truxerit frequen <lb/>tibus emiciclis dor&longs;o flexarum linearum intra montem abiiecto: <lb/>Quæ &longs;tructura cum grata e&longs;t a&longs;pectu/tum e&longs;t & firmi&longs;&longs;ima: tum <lb/>etiam an impen&longs;arum rationem facit: Nam efficit quidem <expan abbr="murũ">murum</expan> <lb/>non &longs;olidum/qui tantum habeat uirium/ac &longs;i penitus fui&longs;&longs;et &longs;oli <lb/>dus/latitudine quanta & flexarum linearum illic &longs;agictæ &longs;unt: <lb/>Vitruuii quoque ratio per placet: quam uideo Romæ pa&longs;&longs;im a ue <lb/>teribus architectis/ac præ&longs;ertim in tarquinii aggere <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruatã">ob&longs;eruatam</expan> ut <lb/>anterides &longs;ub&longs;tituerentur: Sed non omnibus locis id ob&longs;eruarunt <lb/>ut &longs;emper inter &longs;e anterides tantum di&longs;tarent &quml; ip&longs;a e&longs;&longs;et alta &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tructio: Sed pro montis firmitate aut/ut ita loquar/ labilitate / <lb/>modo frequentiores: modo rariores po&longs;uerunt: Animaduerti eti <lb/>am ueteres architectos non <expan abbr="unã">unam</expan> proximam propter <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> &longs;ub&longs;truc <lb/>tione fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõtentos">contentos</expan>: &longs;ed pluribus/qua&longs;i gradibus adinfimas u&longs;que<lb/>radices montis totas rupes firmatas e&longs;&longs;e uolui&longs;&longs;e': Quorum ego <lb/>con&longs;ilium minime negligendum puto. </s> <s>Ad Peru&longs;iam riuus qui <lb/>inter lucinium montem & collem urbis fluit/quod a&longs;&longs;iduo collis <pb/>radices abrodendo &longs;ub ea cauet totam accliuitatis molem in &longs;e im <lb/>pendentem commouet: ex quo magna pars urbis &longs;oluitur et laba <lb/>&longs;cit: Et mihi quidem uehementer probantur &longs;acella complu&longs;cula <lb/>quæ ad ba&longs;ilicam maximam in uaticano hinc atque hinc circum a <lb/>ream adacta &longs;unt: Nam i&longs;tarum quidem eæ/quæ intra exci&longs;um: <lb/>& info&longs;&longs;um montem po&longs;itæ ad parietem ba&longs;ilicæ cohærent p plu <lb/>rimum adminiculi et commoditatis præ&longs;tant: <expan abbr="mol&etilde;">molem</expan> <expan abbr="enī">enim</expan> continuo <lb/>ingraue&longs;centis montis &longs;ub&longs;tentant: et per obliquum montem &longs;uf <lb/>fluentem humiditatem intercipiunt: atque incdem aditum interpel <lb/>lant: quo fit ut ba&longs;ilicæ primarius paries &longs;iccior firmiorque <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan> <lb/>Quæ uero &longs;acella alterum ad infimum obliqui montis latus a&longs;&longs;i <lb/>dent: ea quidem totam &longs;uperiorem complanatiorem factam opere <lb/>arcuato &longs;i&longs;tere/ & pronos omnes telluris lap&longs;us coercendo facile <lb/>po&longs;&longs;unt ferre. </s> <s>Et eum etiam architectum /qui Romæ ad latonam <lb/>templum &longs;truxit/per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> recte <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ului&longs;&longs;e">con&longs;ului&longs;&longs;e</expan> operi & &longs;ub&longs;trucruræ ad <lb/>uerti: Angulum enim areæ ita porrexit intra &longs;uper <expan abbr="in&longs;ident&etilde;">in&longs;identem</expan> <expan abbr="mõ">mom</expan> <lb/>tem/ut urgentem ponderis uim duo directi parietes tolerarent / <lb/>& obiecto angulo aduer&longs;am mole&longs;tiam <expan abbr="diuider&etilde;t">diuiderent</expan> atque <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;ipar&etilde;t">di&longs;&longs;iparent</expan> <lb/>Atqui po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> de ueterum laudibus dicere aggre&longs;&longs;i &longs;umus / qui <lb/>prudenti con&longs;ilio <expan abbr="ædificarũt/illud">ædificarunt/illud</expan> nolim præterii&longs;&longs;e quod in <expan abbr="m&etilde;">men</expan> <lb/>tem redit & ægregie facit ad rem. </s> <s>Extat architecti per utile in&longs;ti <lb/>tutum apud Venetias in templo Marci: Aream enim totius tem <lb/>pli <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> conferti&longs;&longs;ime ob&longs;olidaret pluribus puteis refo&longs;&longs;am reliqt: <lb/>quo &longs;iqui forte flatus terræ &longs;ubter conciperentur/facilem &longs;ibi exi <lb/>tum uendicarent: Po&longs;tremo areas uniuer&longs;as/quas tecto feceris op <lb/>tas ad libellam coæqua&longs;&longs;e condecet. </s> <s>Quæ uero &longs;ub diuo relictæ <lb/>&longs;int a libella ip&longs;a non plus &quml; ut imbrium defluxus efferant depri <lb/>mendæ &longs;unt. </s> <s>Sed de his actenus & forta&longs;&longs;is plura &quml; hic locus po <lb/>&longs;ceret: Nam pleraque harum rerum quæ diximus ad murorum opus <lb/>faciunt: Sed ita incidit/ut quæ natura admodum inter &longs;e <expan abbr="cõnexa">connexa</expan> <lb/>&longs;unt/ea & nos dicendo non &longs;egregarimus: Sequitur ut de partio <lb/>ne dicendum &longs;it. </s> <s>Tota uis ingenii: omni&longs;que rerum <expan abbr="ædificãda">ædificanda</expan> <lb/>rum ars et peritia una in partione con&longs;umitur. </s> <s>Integri enim ædifi <lb/>cii partes: et partium &longs;ingularum integras / ut ita loquar / habi <pb/>tudines: omniumque denique linearum et angulorum con&longs;en&longs;um et <lb/>cohe&longs;ionem in unum opus: una hæc partitio utilitatis/ dignitatis <lb/>amænitati&longs;que habita ratione commetitur. </s> <s>quod &longs;i ciuitas philo&longs;opho <lb/>rum &longs;ententia maxima quædam e&longs;t domu&longs;: & contra domus <expan abbr="ipã">ipam</expan> <lb/>minima quædam e&longs;t ciuitas: quid ni harum ip&longs;arum membra mi <lb/>nima quædam e&longs;&longs;e domicilia dicentur? </s> <s>uti e&longs;t atrium/xi&longs;tus/ ce <lb/>naculum/porticus et huiu&longs;modi: Et in horum quo uis quid nam <lb/>erit aut in curia aut negligentia prætermi&longs;&longs;um: quod non digni <lb/>tati & laudi operis officiat? </s> <s>Plurimum igitur curæ & diligentiæ <lb/>adhibendum e&longs;t his rebus con&longs;iderandis: quæ ad uniuer&longs;um opus <lb/>faciunt: dandaque opera ut etiam minime partes e&longs;&longs;e ingenio et ar <lb/>te conformes factæ uideantur. </s> <s>Hanc ad rem apte & commode p <lb/>ficiendam &longs;uperiora omnia quæ de regione deque area dicta &longs;unt / <lb/>per pulchre conueniunt: ac ueluti inanimante membra membris/ <lb/>ita in ædificio partes partibus re&longs;pondeant/condecet. </s> <s>Ex quo il <lb/>lud dictum e&longs;t quod aiunt: Maximorum ædificiorum maxima <lb/>oportere e&longs;&longs;e membra: Quam quidem rem ita ob&longs;eruarunt uete <lb/>res/ut cum cætera/tum & lateres ponerent publicis & ampli&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mis ædificiis maiores &quml; in priuatis. </s> <s>Itaque cuique <expan abbr="m&etilde;bro">membro</expan> apta regio <lb/>accomodatus &longs;itus: & contribuetur non amplior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> rei u&longs;us exi <lb/>gat/non minor &quml; dignitas po&longs;tulet: non loco alieno & <expan abbr="impertin&etilde;">impertinem</expan> <lb/>ti/&longs;ed &longs;uo & ita proprio ut alibi commodius e&longs;&longs;e nu&longs;&quml; potuerit. <lb/></s> <s>Non enim quæ hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima ædis pars futura e&longs;t reiecto in loco: <lb/>Non quæ maxime publica in abdito: Non item quæ priuata in <lb/>propatulo collocabitur. </s> <s>Adde quod etiam temporum rationes haben <lb/>dæ &longs;unt/ut alia æ&longs;tiuis/alia hybernis locis attribuantur: Nanque a <lb/>liæ aliis debentur & &longs;itus & magnitudines: æ&longs;tiuas laxiores e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: hybernæ uero compre&longs;&longs;iores &longs;i erunt/non <expan abbr="improbabun&ttilde;">improbabuntur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Tum e&longs;tiuis umbra & uenti: hybernis &longs;oles debentur: Et in his ca <lb/>uendum e&longs;t/ne incolis eueniat ut ex hoc loco frigenti alterum in <lb/>locum æ&longs;tuo&longs;um equabili non intermi&longs;&longs;o aere exeant: Aut i&longs;to ex <lb/>tepenti in alterum brumis & uentis infe&longs;tum: Nam id <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> ma <lb/>xime &longs;aluti corporum officeret: Et cedant ea quidem inter &longs;e <expan abbr="m&etilde;">men</expan> <lb/>bra mutuo oportet ad communem totius operis laudem & <expan abbr="grãm">gramm</expan> <pb/>con&longs;tituendam uel componendam: nequid omnis decoris conatu <lb/>occupato/alteræ penitus neglectæ relinquantur: Sed inter &longs;e ita <lb/>conueniant/ut inde unum integrum recteque con&longs;titutum corpus <lb/>magis &quml; diuul&longs;a et di&longs;&longs;ipata e&longs;&longs;e membra uideantur. </s> <s>Cæterum <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> <lb/>membris conformandis mode&longs;tiam nature imitari oportet: Neque<lb/>enim uti in reliquis/&longs;ic et in hac re <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> magis <expan abbr="&longs;obrietat&etilde;">&longs;obrietatem</expan> laudamus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> profu&longs;am edificandi libidinem uituperamus/modica e&longs;&longs;e opor <lb/>tet <expan abbr="m&etilde;bra">membra</expan>: et ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> qua de acturus &longs;is nece&longs;&longs;aria/ Nam edificandi <lb/>omnis ratio/&longs;i recte pro&longs;pexeris/a nece&longs;&longs;itate profecta e&longs;t: Eam a <lb/>luit commoditas: u&longs;us hone&longs;tauit: ultimum fuit ut uoluptati pro <lb/>&longs;piceretur: tam & &longs;i nun&quml; ab immodicis omnibus ip&longs;a uoluptas <lb/>non abhorruit. </s> <s>Erit ergo eiu&longs;modi ut <expan abbr="m&etilde;brorum">membrorum</expan> in ea nihilo plus <lb/>de&longs;ideretur &quml; quod ad&longs;it: et nihil quod ad&longs;it ulla ex parte impro <lb/>betur. </s> <s>Neque item omnia unica <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> linearum ductione e<gap/>termi <lb/>natione per&longs;cribi uelim ita ut nulla re inter &longs;e differant: Sed alia <lb/>delectabunt &longs;i maiora &longs;int/alia conferent &longs;i minora &longs;int: Alia ex <lb/>i&longs;torum mediocritate laudem a&longs;&longs;equentur: Ergo <expan abbr="placebũt">placebunt</expan> herec <lb/>tis con&longs;titutæ lineis: hæ alteræ flexis: ac demum aliæ utraque linea <lb/>rum ductione præfinitæ comprobabuntur: modo id &longs;erues/quod <lb/>&longs;epe admoneo/ne in id uitium incidas: ut feci&longs;&longs;e mon&longs;trum in pa <lb/>ribus aut humeris aut lateribus uideare. </s> <s>Condimentum quidem <lb/>gratiæ e&longs;t omni in re uarietas &longs;i compacta et confirmata &longs;it mutu <lb/>a inter &longs;e di&longs;i antium rerum parilitate eadem &longs;i inter &longs;e di&longs;&longs;oluta <lb/>et di&longs;conuenienti quadam di&longs;paritate di&longs;creparint / erit ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ab&longs;urdi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Nam ueluti in lyra cum graues uoces <expan abbr="re&longs;pondeãt">re&longs;pondeant</expan> <lb/>acutis: et mediæ inter utra&longs;que ad concentum intentæ re&longs;onant: fit <lb/>ex uocum uarietate &longs;onora et mirifica quædam <expan abbr="proportionũ">proportionum</expan> equa <lb/>bilitas/quæ maiorem <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> modum oblectet animos atque detineat: Ita <lb/>et quibu&longs;que reliquis in rebus euenit: quæ quidem ad mouendos / <lb/>habendo&longs;que animos faciant. </s> <s>Ceterum hec pro ut ferat u&longs;us atque <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>moditas atque <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> pitorum laudata o&longs;uetudo exequanda erunt: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> o&longs;u <lb/>etudini quidem inpleri&longs;que uel repugnare gratiam tollit/uel a&longs;&longs;en <lb/>tiri emolumento e&longs;t: atque egregie conducit: Quando ita ceteri pro<lb/>bati&longs;&longs;imi architecti facto atte&longs;tari ui&longs;i &longs;unt/hanc &longs;eu doricam/ <pb/>&longs;eu ionicam/&longs;eu corinthiam/&longs;eu thu&longs;canicam partionem <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e commodi&longs;&longs;imam/non quo eorum de&longs;cription<gap/> <expan abbr="tran&longs;fer&etilde;">tran&longs;ferem</expan> <lb/>dis no&longs;trum in opus qua&longs;i a&longs;tricti legibus hæreamus: &longs;ed quo ide <lb/>admoniti nouis nos proferendis inuentis contendamus/par<gap/>n il <lb/>lis maiorem ue &longs;i queat fructum laudis a&longs;&longs;equi. </s> <s>Sed de his &longs;uo lo <lb/>co di&longs;tinctius pro&longs;equemur/cum inue&longs;tigabimus quo pacto <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <lb/>& urbis membra: et quæ ad cuiu&longs;que u&longs;um oporteant collocentur</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Nunc &longs;equitur ut de parietum de&longs;criptione &longs;ummatim tran&longs;i <lb/>gamus. </s> <s>Sed illud hic nolim præterii&longs;&longs;e/quod apud ueteres anno <lb/>taui/eos maximopere caui&longs;&longs;e/ne ullam areæ extremam lineam <lb/>rectam ducerent/ita ut e&longs;&longs;et illa quidem prelonga & nullis locis <lb/>non intercepta cum flexarum linearum conuexione/ tum et angu <lb/>lorum &longs;ectione. </s> <s>Atqui hoc ideo feci&longs;&longs;e periti&longs;&longs;imos uiros in prop <lb/>tu e&longs;t/quo uellent parietem qua&longs;i adactis adiumentis / quibus co <lb/>hæreat/firmiorem reddere. </s> <s>In parictum ratione recen&longs;enda a di <lb/>gnioribus incipiendum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Is ergo locus admonet. </s> <s>ut de <expan abbr="colũnis">colunnis</expan> <lb/>et de his quæ ad colunnas pertinent dicendum &longs;it: quando ip&longs;i or <lb/>dines colunnarum haud aliud &longs;unt &quml; pluribus inlocis perfixus ad <lb/>apertusque paries: Quin et <expan abbr="colũnam">colunnam</expan> ip&longs;am diffini&longs;&longs;e cum iuuet / <lb/>forta&longs;&longs;is non ineptæ e&longs;&longs;e eam dicam firmam quandam et perpetu <lb/>am muri partem excitatam ad perpendiculum ab &longs;olo / <expan abbr="īmo">immo</expan> u&longs;que<lb/>ad &longs;ummum tecti ferendi gratia. </s> <s>Tum et tota in re ædificatoria <lb/>nihil inuenies quod opera et impen&longs;a et gratia præferas columnis <lb/>Sed habent columnæ ip&longs;æ quippiam inter &longs;e/quo &longs;int di&longs;&longs;imiles <lb/>hic nos &longs;imilitudinem/ quod ea pre&longs;ertim ad genus pertineat / non <lb/>pretermittemus: Di&longs;&longs;imilitudinem uero/cum ad &longs;peties ea quid <lb/>&longs;pectet/alibi pro&longs;equemur &longs;uo loco. </s> <s>Atq ut abip&longs;is/ut ita loquar <lb/>radicibus ordiamur/quibu&longs;que columnis fundamenta <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;tituun&ttilde;">&longs;ub&longs;tituuntur</expan> <lb/>Fundamentis quidem ad areæ planitiem coequatis <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ueuere">con&longs;ueuere</expan> mu <lb/>rulum &longs;uperimponere: quem nos arulam / alii forta&longs;&longs;is puluinar <lb/>nuncupabunt: Supra murulum ba&longs;im adigebant: in ba&longs;i colum <lb/>nam &longs;tatuebant: &longs;upra columnam capitulum collocabant. </s> <s>Et ha <lb/>rum quidem hæc erat ratio ut columna omnis infra medium tur <lb/>ge&longs;ceret: &longs;ur&longs;um uer&longs;us retraheretur: <expan abbr="Cra&longs;&longs;itudīeque">Cra&longs;&longs;itudineque</expan> &longs;ua e&longs;&longs;et pode <pb/>uno amplior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;ummo capite. </s> <s>At columnam inuentam puto <expan abbr="prī">prim</expan> <lb/>cipio &longs;ub&longs;tinendo: um <gap/>ctorum gratia: F o&longs;tea deueni&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>&longs;tudia uidemus digni&longs;&longs;imarum rerum a&longs;&longs;equendarum cupidita <lb/>te excitata: ut quæ hedificarint mortales/æterna e&longs;&longs;e & immorta <lb/>lia quoad po&longs;&longs;ent elaborarint: Iccirco columnas et trabes atque eti <lb/>am tabulata ac tecta integro ex marmore po&longs;uere. </s> <s>Atqui in eiu&longs; <lb/>modi rebus &longs;tatuendis ueteres architecti/naturam rerum <expan abbr="ipãrum">iparrum</expan> <lb/>i<gap/>a imitati &longs;unt/ut a communi u&longs;u ædificiorum di&longs;ce&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e uidei i <lb/>minime uoluerint: et una omnibus modis <expan abbr="&longs;tuduerīt/">&longs;tuduerint/</expan> ut corum e&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent opera cum ad u&longs;um apta et firmi&longs;&longs;ima: tum et a&longs;pectu uenu <lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Columnas natura nimirum primo præbuit ligneas & <lb/>rotundas: po&longs;t id u&longs;us effecit/ut aliquibus locis haberentur qua <lb/>drangule: lccirco &longs;i bene rem interprætor quod uiderent ligneis <lb/><expan abbr="colũnis">colunnis</expan> ad alterutra capita immi&longs;&longs;os anulos aut ferro aut ære con <lb/>flatos. </s> <s>quo ad ponderis pertinacia columnæ ip&longs;æ minus finderen <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Inde et architecti marmoreis columnis latum <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> imo pede anu <lb/>lum fixere ad fa&longs;ceolæ <expan abbr="&longs;imilitudin&etilde;">&longs;imilitudinem</expan>: qua fiat ut etiam a guttis re <lb/>&longs;ultantium &longs;tillarum <expan abbr="defendãtur">defendantur</expan>: et in &longs;ummo item fa&longs;ceolam et <lb/>fa&longs;ceolæ torquem &longs;uperaiectum po&longs;uere: quibus <expan abbr="adium&etilde;tis">adiumentis</expan> ligne <lb/>am e&longs;&longs;e columnam uiderent communitam. </s> <s>At in ba&longs;ibus colum <lb/>narum hoc ob&longs;eruarunt/ut earum infima pars rectarum &longs;it linea <lb/>rum et rectorum angulorum: Suprema uero &longs;uperficies ad &longs;uæ <lb/><expan abbr="colũn">colunn</expan> æ ambitum finiretur: Et ob&longs;eruarunt ut e&longs;&longs;et ba&longs;is hæc qua <lb/>que uer&longs;us lata magis &quml; alta: tum et e&longs;&longs;e eam certa parte &longs;ui <expan abbr="latior&etilde;">latiorem</expan> <lb/>&qgrave; &longs;it columnam uoluere et infimam ba&longs;is ip&longs;ius &longs;uperficiem latio <lb/>rem e&longs;&longs;e quoque uoluere &quml; &longs;upremam: Et murulum item parte e&longs; <lb/>&longs;e quota ampliorem &quml; ba&longs;im: Et fundamentum item e&longs;&longs;e pte quo <lb/>ta latum magis &quml; murulum uoluere: Et quæcunque huiu&longs;modi al <lb/>tera in alteris po&longs;uere ad perpendiculum medii <expan abbr="c&etilde;tri">centri</expan> collocauere. <lb/></s> <s>At contra capitula omnia in his conueniunt: ut in fine partes &longs;uæ <lb/>columnæ lineas imitentur: Supremæ uero et <expan abbr="quadrãgulam">quadrangulam</expan> &longs;uper <lb/>ficiem de&longs;inant: Et erit quidem capituli &longs;uprema pars nun&quml; non <lb/>amplior &quml; infima. </s> <s>Hæc de columnis</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Paries uero ip&longs;e ad columnarum rationes tolletur/ut &longs;i <expan abbr="altitudīe">altitudine</expan> <pb/>erit futurus quanta e&longs;t columna cum capitulo. </s> <s>Cra&longs;&longs;itudo illi &longs;it <lb/><expan abbr="quãta">quanta</expan> in imo e&longs;t columna: Tum & hoc ob&longs;eruarunt / ut nulla <expan abbr="c&etilde;t">cent</expan> <lb/>columna: aut ba&longs;is: aut capitulum: aut paries cæteris &longs;ui ordinis <lb/>ulla ex parte non &longs;imillima altitudine & latitudine & omni deni <lb/>que dimen&longs;ione ac figura. </s> <s>Cumque in uitio utrunque &longs;it parietem & <lb/>tenuiorem et cra&longs;&longs;iorem: et demi&longs;&longs;iorem: et <expan abbr="&longs;ublimior&etilde;">&longs;ublimiorem</expan> <expan abbr="feci&longs;&longs;e/&qtilde;">feci&longs;&longs;e/quae</expan> <lb/>ratio et modus po&longs;tulat. </s> <s>Malim tamen peccare in partem hanc / <lb/>ut demi po&longs;&longs;it/&quml; ut addi oporteat. </s> <s>Hic iuuabit et uitia <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> non <lb/>præterire ædificiorum quo ad rem &longs;imus cautiores. </s> <s>Prima enim <lb/>laus e&longs;t carere omni uitio: Atqui aduerti in ba&longs;ilica Petri Romæ <lb/>id quod res ip&longs;a præ&longs;e fert factum incon&longs;ulti&longs;&longs;ime / ut &longs;upra cre <lb/>bras et continuatas apertiones prælongum et prælatum parietem <lb/>ducerent nullis flexis lineis corroboratum/nullis fulcturis <expan abbr="cõmu">commu</expan> <lb/>nitum/quod ue con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportuit totam ip&longs;am alam parietis <lb/>nimium frequenti apertione <expan abbr="&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;am/per&qtilde;">&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;am/perquae</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ublim&etilde;">&longs;ublimen</expan> tetendit po <lb/>&longs;uitque: ut impetuo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis aquilonibus excipiendis extaret: Quo <lb/>factum e&longs;t ut iam tum primum a&longs;&longs;idua uentorum mole&longs;tia pedes <lb/>plus &longs;ex a perpendiculi rectitudine in pronum ce&longs;&longs;erit: Neque du <lb/>bito futurum ut olim leui appul&longs;u modico ue motu facto corruat <lb/>Quod ni trabeationibus tectorum contineretur proculdubio <expan abbr="&longs;põ">&longs;pom</expan> <lb/>t<gap/> &longs;ua iam incohata obliquitater. </s> <s>eret: Sed architectum e&longs;t ut mi <lb/>nus uituperem/quandoquidem loci et &longs;itus nece&longs;&longs;itatem &longs;ecutus <lb/>&longs;atis &longs;e a uentis tutum forta&longs;&longs;is putauit montis obiectu: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>templo præ&longs;tat: Mallem tamen totas illas hinc atque hinc alas ob <lb/>firmatiores e&longs;&longs;e.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Tectorum utilitas omnium e&longs;t prima & maxima: Non enim &longs;o <lb/>lum incolarum &longs;aluti confert/dum noctem imbremque atque in <expan abbr="prĩs">prins</expan> <lb/>æ&longs;tuantem &longs;olem repellunt atque excludunt: Verum & mirifice <lb/>omne tuetur ædificium: Tolle tectum putre&longs;cet materia/labe&longs;cet <lb/>paries: <expan abbr="fati&longs;c&etilde;t">fati&longs;cent</expan> latera: omni&longs;que denique &longs;tructura &longs;en&longs;im <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;olue&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;oluetur</expan> <lb/>Ip&longs;a etiam fundamenta tectorum protectione/quod uix credas / <lb/>corroborantur: Neque tanta ædificiorum uis igne & ferro & ho&longs;ti <lb/>um manu & cæteris omnibus calamitatibus data in ruinam ce <lb/>cidere/quanta corruere ædificia non aliam ob rem ni&longs;i ciuium ne <pb/>gligentia/ quod tectorum ope de&longs;tituta et nuda relicta &longs;int. </s> <s>Arma <lb/>ni mirum ædificiorum tecta &longs;unt <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> tempeftatum iniurias atque<lb/>impetum. </s> <s>Quæ cum ita &longs;int præclare mihi maiores no&longs;tri cum <lb/>cæteris in rebus/tum hac in re uidentur feci&longs;&longs;e/qui tantos attribu <lb/>ere tecto honores uoluerint: ut tectis ornandis omnes condecoran <lb/>darum rerum artes prope con&longs;ump&longs;erint. </s> <s>Tecta enim uidemus <lb/>ære et uitro et auro po&longs;ita lacunaribus aureis lami&longs;que auratis: & <lb/>coronarum præterea et florum &longs;cultura et &longs;tatuis etiam <expan abbr="elegãti&longs;&longs;i">eleganti&longs;&longs;i</expan> <lb/>me in&longs;ignita. </s> <s>Tecta alia &longs;ub diuo/alia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ub diuo. </s> <s>Sub diuo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>quæ nullos ad ambulationis u&longs;us/&longs;ed unice ad imbrem excipien <lb/>dum &longs;int po&longs;ita: Non &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt contignationum et <expan abbr="te&longs;tudinũ">te&longs;tudinum</expan> <lb/>intermediæ exten&longs;iones: quibus fiat ut ædificio qua&longs;i ædificium <lb/>aliud &longs;uperimponatur. </s> <s>Inhis ergo illud ueniet ut una inferioribus <lb/>ædificii membris ip&longs;um id opus tectum &longs;it: et &longs;uperioribus <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;it <lb/>area. </s> <s>Sed harum quidem <expan abbr="cõtignationum">contignationum</expan> ea pars tectum recte ap <lb/>pellabitur: quæ &longs;upra caput di&longs;tenta pendeat: quam eandem <expan abbr="celũ">celum</expan> <lb/>nuncupabimus: Quæ uero ob ambulantium pede pre&longs;&longs;ctur/ paui <lb/>mentum tecturaque nuncupabitur. </s> <s>Sub diuo autem extrema operi <lb/>menta/ quæ imbribus exc ipiendis imponuntur/ pauimenti ne lo <lb/>co &longs;int/alibi di&longs;quiretur. </s> <s>Tectorum uero quæ &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt tam <lb/>et &longs;i plane in&longs;e for<gap/>a&longs;&longs;e &longs;int &longs;uperficies/nun&quml; tamen erunt ille qui <lb/>dem æque di&longs;tantes pauimento quod operuerint pauimento: Sed <lb/>&longs;emper in aliquam erunt partem procliuia et obliqua imbrium ef <lb/>fundendorum gratia: At tectorum/quæ non &longs;ubdiuo &longs;unt/planas <lb/>qua&longs;que &longs;uperficies e&longs;&longs;e pauimento æque di&longs;tantes oportet: Tecta <lb/>uniuer&longs;a angulis et lineis ad areæ figuram parietumque formam: <lb/>quibus operimentum futura &longs;int/&longs;e accomodent nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Atque<lb/>hæc cum inter &longs;e &longs;uccedant uaria: nam alia flexis omnibus lineis <lb/>alia rectis et alia mixtis et eiu&longs;modi: Fit inde adeo ut tectorum quo <lb/>que uariæ et multiplices manarint formæ: Tam & &longs;i tecta ip&longs;a ex <lb/>&longs;e &longs;uapte natura &longs;int uaria: Quorum alia emi&longs;pheria / alia conca <lb/>merata/alia fornicaca/alia arcubus complu&longs;culis compacta: Item <lb/>alia quæ carinæ dicantur: alia quæ di&longs;pluuia <expan abbr="nuncupãtur">nuncupantur</expan>: <expan abbr="Verũ">Verum</expan> <lb/>utrunque futurum &longs;it/omne <expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e huiu&longs;modi oportet/ ut <expan abbr="ũbia">umbia</expan> <pb/>&longs;ui pauimentum foueat/aquam ut pluuiam ab uniuer&longs;o cui operi <lb/>mentum ædificio &longs;it penitus admoueat: Nam &longs;emper quidem e&longs;t <lb/>ad ledendum paratus imber & additus ad maleficium/quis mini <lb/>mos nun&quml; non u&longs;urpat: & enim tenuitate perterebrat / mollitie <lb/>inficit/a&longs;&longs;iduitate commacerat omnes ædificii neruos / denique <lb/>&longs;tructuram funditus uitiat atque perdit: Ea de re probe ob&longs;eruarunt <lb/>periti architecti: ut liberum fluendi cur&longs;um imbribus pararent: ca <lb/>uerentque ne quo loci aqua con&longs;i&longs;teret/aut u&longs;piam peruaderet/quo <lb/>noxam inferret. </s> <s>Hinc niuo&longs;is in locis tecta maxime di&longs;pluuia &longs;ur <lb/>&longs;um arrecta e&longs;&longs;e ad acutum angulum uoluere: quo niuium incre <lb/>menta minus accre&longs;cerent & liquidius dilaberentur. </s> <s>Locis uero <lb/>ut ita loquar æ&longs;tiuis tecta obliquitate minus repente po&longs;uere. </s></p><p type="main"> <s>Cæterum curandum e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> maxime uno eodemque compari atque<lb/>integro fieri po&longs;&longs;it tectoque/&longs;eruata luminum parietumque ratione <lb/>longe lateque totum pænitus ædificium operiatur: ita ut &longs;tillici <lb/>diis dilabens aqua: nullam <expan abbr="parietũ">parietum</expan> ptem madefaciat. </s> <s>Tum & tec <lb/>tum ita ponere oportet ut in aliud tectum non impluat. </s> <s>Superfici <lb/>es quoque tecti decur&longs;u e&longs;&longs;e oportet non ua&longs;tas & immanes: Nam <lb/>tegularum ultimis canalibus pluuiæ præ multorum <expan abbr="imbriũ">imbrium</expan> exu <lb/>berantia redundarent: & intra ædificium influerent: Quæ res <lb/>multo e&longs;&longs;ent cum operis detrimento. </s> <s>Ergo ubi erit area maxima <lb/>in plures e&longs;&longs;e diui&longs;um &longs;uperficies tectum/in uaria&longs;que partes deflu <lb/>ere oportet. </s> <s>Nam id cum ad <expan abbr="cõmoditatem/tum">commoditatem/tum</expan> adgratiam perti <lb/>net: Siquo incidet loco ut plura ponenda tecta &longs;int / coadiungen <lb/>tur illic <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> tectis tecta ita/ut qui &longs;emel &longs;ub tecto excepti &longs;int/ <lb/>totas obambulant ædes operti tecto. </s> <s>Sequitur ut de apertione <lb/><expan abbr="dicendũ">dicendum</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s><expan abbr="Apertionũ">Apertionum</expan> duo &longs;unt genera: Nam alia luminibus et <lb/>uentis: Alia rebus et incolis <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> <expan abbr="exitũque">exitunque</expan> in <expan abbr="edificiũ">edificium</expan> prebent. </s> <s>Lu <lb/>minibus fene&longs;tre <expan abbr="&longs;eruiũt">&longs;eruiunt</expan>: rebus ho&longs;tia/&longs;calæ et &longs;patia <expan abbr="itercolũnarumItem">itercolunnarum<lb/>Item</expan> quibus aqua et fumus puadit/uti &longs;unt putei: cloacæ et foci <lb/>ut ita loquar/gula: et præfurnia atque extuaria apertionum loco <lb/>ueniunt. </s> <s>Atqui pars quæque domus habebit fene&longs;tras: quo re&longs;pi <lb/>rat inclu&longs;us aer: atque in horas innouatur: Nam alioquin pu <lb/>tre&longs;cet & uitium afferet. </s> <s>Apud Eabiloniam in templo <pb/>Apollinis <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tam">inuentam</expan> refert capitolinus hi&longs;toricus auream arculam <lb/>per uetu&longs;tatem: ex qua corruptus: & perinde ueneficus inclu&longs;us <lb/>aer/cum illa quidem refringeretur &longs;e &longs;e effundens: non eos &longs;olum <lb/>interemit: qui tum prope aderant: Verum & contagionibus pe <lb/>&longs;tem atroci&longs;&longs;imam totam in A&longs;iam u&longs;que ad Parthos intulit.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Ex Ammiano item Marcellino hi&longs;torico legimus Marci Antonii <lb/>& ueri temporibus apud Seleucam po&longs;t directum templum: & <lb/>perlatum &longs;imulacrum conici Apollinis Romam / fui&longs;&longs;e per mili <lb/>tes inuentum angu&longs;tum & prius conclu&longs;um aCaldeorum uatibus <lb/>foramen. </s> <s>Quod ubi præde &longs;tudio re&longs;erarunt/ pe&longs;tilens exiluerit <lb/>uapor tam atrox: tamque dete&longs;tabilis ut a Per&longs;arum finibus intra <lb/>Galliam u&longs;que infecta omnia &longs;int reddita tetro & fune&longs;to morbo <lb/>Fene&longs;tras igitur e&longs;&longs;e oportet man&longs;ionibus &longs;ingulis. </s> <s>Id quidem <lb/>cum luminis excipiendi/tum etiam innouandi aeris gratia: & e <lb/>as quidem adloci u&longs;um & parietis amplitudinem accommodatas <lb/>Vt neque plus: neque item minus excipiant luminis neque frequen <lb/>tiores aut rariores &longs;int <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> u&longs;us po&longs;tulet. </s> <s>Tum & pro&longs;piciendum <lb/>e&longs;t quibus uentis excipiendis pateant fene&longs;træ ip&longs;æ: Nam quæ <lb/>&longs;alubres &longs;pectabunt auras multo adapertas quoquo uer&longs;us licebit <lb/>facere: Et eas quidem iuuabit ita aperire/ Vt incolarum corpora <lb/>appellens flatus ambiat. </s> <s>Hoc maxime fiet&longs;i fene&longs;trarum &longs;ponde <lb/>e&longs;&longs;ent humiles adeo/ut uideri et uidere per uicos ambulantes po&longs; <lb/>&longs;is. </s> <s>Quæ autem non u&longs;que quaque &longs;aluberrimis uentorum plagis ob <lb/>iectæ erunt fene&longs;træ/ita ponentur ut lumina excipiant non pauci <lb/>ora <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> conueniat: &longs;ed ne etiam plura <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quibus po&longs;&longs;it carere: Et po <lb/>nentur illæ quidem in &longs;ublimi/quo uentos a corporibus obiectus <lb/>paries intercipiat. </s> <s>Nam habebunt quidem hoc pacto uentos/ qui <lb/>bus aer reficiatur: Sed erunt infracti atque perinde non omnino <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;ani. </s> <s>Pro&longs;piciendum e&longs;t <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> qui &longs;oles penetraturi inde intra ædes <lb/>&longs;int: et <expan abbr="prodiuer&longs;orũ">prodiuer&longs;orum</expan> <expan abbr="cõmoditate">commoditate</expan> habendæ aptiores aut arctiores fe <lb/>ne&longs;træ &longs;unt. </s> <s>Nam æ&longs;tiuis diuer&longs;oriis aut ua&longs;tos quaque uer&longs;us &longs;i <lb/>erunt illæ quidem &longs;eptentrionales / aut &longs;i erunt meridiane &longs;oli <lb/>bu&longs;que obiectæ infimas et modicas po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e apertiones conferet / <pb/>quando quidem ille expeditiores auras excipiant: hæ minoribus <lb/>radiorum circulus offendatur: & &longs;atis habebit a&longs;&longs;iduo circunful <lb/>gente &longs;ole luminum is locus in quo magis umbræ gratia <expan abbr="homīes">homines</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> luminum conuenerint. </s> <s>Contra hibernis in diuer&longs;oriis fene&longs;træ <lb/>directis &longs;olibus patebunt: &longs;i erunt adapertæ: &longs;ed uentis non ita pa <lb/>tebunt &longs;i erunt &longs;ublimes: nam recto cur&longs;u uenti &longs;tantes incolas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>impetent. </s> <s>Cæterum lumina undeuis excepturus &longs;is/haberi ea in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t/unde celum liberum <expan abbr="ītuearis">intuearis</expan>: Et omnes apertiones <lb/>quæ luminum excipiendorum cau&longs;a factæ &longs;int / nullo pacto conde <lb/>cet po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e infimas. </s> <s>Vultu enim lumina &longs;pectantur/non pedi <lb/>bus: tum & <expan abbr="eu&etilde;it">euenit</expan> i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ut unius aut alterius hominis obiec <lb/>tu lumina intercipiantur: locu&longs;que deinceps reliquus reddatur ob <lb/>&longs;curior. </s> <s>Quod quidem incommodum non fit lumine ducto a &longs;u <lb/>blimi. </s> <s>Ho&longs;tia fene&longs;tras imitentur: ut pro loci frequentia & u <lb/>&longs;u maiora aut minora/plura pauciora ue <expan abbr="adhibeãtur">adhibeantur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed inutris <lb/>que ob&longs;eruatum uideo/ut publicis ædificiis complurime horum in <lb/>primis generum apertiones fierent: Eam rem nobis theatra atte <lb/>&longs;tantur: Quæ &longs;i recte interpretamur / tota con&longs;tant apertionibus <lb/>cum &longs;calarum/tum maxime fene&longs;trarum & ho&longs;tiorum.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Atqui apertiones quidem ita loca&longs;&longs;e oportet ut amplioribus pari <lb/>etibus non minime ponantur apertiones & modicis parietum <expan abbr="frõ">from</expan> <lb/>tibus nihilo ua&longs;tiores adigantur quam u&longs;us po&longs;tulat. </s> <s>In huiu&longs;mo <lb/>di apertionibus alii alia probarunt liniamenta: Sed probati&longs;&longs;imi <lb/>ubi licuit non ni&longs;i quadranguli&longs; & rectilineis u&longs;i &longs;unt. </s> <s>Tandem <lb/>in hoc omnes conueniunt/ut pro ædificii amplitudine et figura <lb/>uticunque ille quidem &longs;int accommodent ur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Tum & ho&longs;tiorum apertiones ita con&longs;tituendas ducunt/ Vt alti <lb/>ores omnino &longs;int quam latæ: Et ex his quæ altiores &longs;int duos hæ <lb/>capiant continuos circulos. </s> <s>Quæ uero humiliores altitudinem ha <lb/>beant diametri eius quadrati cuius &longs;it latus ima ho&longs;tii ip&longs;ius lati <lb/>tudo. </s> <s>Et po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e ho&longs;tia illic conuenit / unde in qua&longs;que partes <lb/>ædificii commodi&longs;&longs;imus quoad fieri po&longs;&longs;it aditus præbeatur: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>& gratiæ &longs;tudui&longs;&longs;e oportet in huiu&longs;modi apertionibus / Vt ma <lb/>gnitudinibus coæquatis dextera &longs;ini&longs;tris re&longs;pondeant.</s></p><pb/><p type="main"> <s>Numero autem fene&longs;tras et ho&longs;tia a&longs;&longs;ueuere ponere impari: Sed <lb/>ita ut hinc atque hinc partes paribus <expan abbr="re&longs;põderent">re&longs;ponderent</expan>. </s> <s>Media uero <expan abbr="e&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">e&longs;&longs;ent</expan> <lb/>paulo ampliora: Atque maximopere præcauebant/ ut uiribus ædi <lb/>um parcerent ea de re longe ad angulis: et columnarum producti <lb/>onibus apertiones ponebant locis poti&longs;&longs;imum parietis imbecillio <lb/>ribus: &longs;ed quæ honeri &longs;ub&longs;tinendo non uacarent: Et &longs;eruabant ut <lb/>a &longs;olo ad tectum u&longs;que integræ & minime inter&longs;ractæ &quml; plures po&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent parietis partes &longs;urgerent ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan>. </s> <s>E&longs;t genus quod <lb/>dam qua&longs;i apertionum quod ho&longs;tia & fene&longs;tras &longs;itu et forma imi <lb/>tentur: Sed totam parietis cra&longs;&longs;itudinem non peruadit / Verum <lb/>qua&longs;i &longs;caphis <expan abbr="ĩcauatis">incauatis</expan> digna aptaque &longs;patia &longs;ede&longs;que &longs;ignis & tabulis <lb/>præbent. </s> <s>Hæc autem & quo loci et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> crebræ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> que amplæ &longs;tatuen <lb/>de &longs;int/tum dicemus di&longs;tinctius/cum de ornamentis <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> <lb/>tractabimus: tam & &longs;i non minus ad impen&longs;æ rationem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad ue <lb/>nu&longs;tatem operis faciat: quod in muro complendo minus lapidum <lb/>& cementi <expan abbr="cõ&longs;umatur">con&longs;umatur</expan>: Hoc tantum <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan> ad rem/quod has &longs;ca <lb/>pharum collationes numero aptas/amplitudine inua&longs;tas / forma <lb/>decenti e&longs;&longs;e oportet: ut &longs;ui ordinis penitus fene&longs;tras imitentur: et <lb/>apertiones quidem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi uticunque ille &longs;int aduerti ex <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> <lb/>operibus non ampliores con&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e ponere <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut &longs;ui parietis <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> <lb/>occupent <expan abbr="&longs;eptimã">&longs;eptimam</expan>: Sed ne minores quidem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut capiant nonam. <lb/></s> <s>Inter columniorum &longs;patia nimirum inter primas apertiones con <lb/>numeranda &longs;unt: Ea pro ædificiorum uarietate quoque uaria con&longs;ti <lb/>tuuntur Sed de his di&longs;tinctius dicemus/cum præ&longs;ertim de &longs;acris <lb/>ædibus parandis &longs;uo loco ratiocinabimur. </s> <s>Hic &longs;at &longs;it admonu <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e apertiones ha&longs;ce ita ponendas/ Vt columnarum ratio / quæ <lb/>tectis &longs;ub&longs;tinendis relinquantur / in primis &longs;it per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> diligenti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me habita: nequid ille quidem graciliores relinquantur atque ra <lb/><expan abbr="riores/&qtilde;">riores/quae</expan> ut commode ferre onus tectorum po&longs;&longs;int: ne ue quidem <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;iores: aut frequentiores <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut areæ &longs;patia & aditus ad rerum <lb/>temporumque u&longs;us expedita relinquantur. </s> <s>Cæterum apertiones <lb/>aliæ cum crebræ extabunt columnæ / Aliæ cum raræ. </s> <s>Namque<lb/>crebris columnis trabs: raris arcus &longs;uper adducitur. </s> <s>Sed omni <lb/>bus apertionibus/quibus arcus ducitur curandum e&longs;t.<pb/>ut &longs;it ille quidem arcus non <expan abbr="minor/&qtilde;">minor/quae</expan> circuli dimidia pars parte <lb/>addita &longs;emidiametri &longs;eptima. </s> <s>Nam apud peritos compertum af <lb/>firmant/hunc e&longs;&longs;e omnium unum ad perennitatem accommoda <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum. </s> <s>Cæteros uero omnes arcus e&longs;&longs;e putant imbecilles ad <lb/>ferendum onus: & promptos atque expo&longs;itos ad ruinam. </s> <s>Prætere <lb/>a &longs;emicirculum arcum e&longs;&longs;e unum/qui corda & adminiculis non <lb/>indigeat arbitramur. </s> <s>Cæteros autem omnes/ni eis aut cordam <lb/>aut contraria pondera/quibus cum certent adegeris/ uidemus &longs;u <lb/>apte ui fati&longs;cere atque laba&longs;cere. </s> <s>Non hic prætermittam egregium <lb/>id laudeque digni&longs;&longs;imum/quod annotaui apud ueteres apertiones <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi etiam & te&longs;tudinum arcus ita optimis illis ab architec <lb/>tis po&longs;itas in templis/ut &longs;i omnes intimas &longs;ubdemeris columnas/ <lb/>tamen apertionum arcus tectorumque te&longs;tudines per&longs;i&longs;tant & mi <lb/>nime corruant/ita &longs;unt omnes arcuum ductiones/quibus te&longs;tudi <lb/>nes incumbunt/ad &longs;olum u&longs;que perductæ miro artificio & paucis <lb/>cognito ut &longs;tet opus &longs;olis arcubus incumbendo: Et enim cum illis <lb/>quidem tellus pro corda firmi&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it/quid ni et ip&longs;i p &longs;e arcus <lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imi æternum per&longs;i&longs;tent.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Scalis ponendis plus e&longs;t negocii &quml; ut po&longs;&longs;is ni&longs;i maturo & dige <lb/>&longs;to con&longs;ilio recte ponere: Nam unis in &longs;calis tres ueniunt apertio <lb/>nes: Et harum una quidem e&longs;t ho&longs;tium quo in &longs;calis con&longs;cenden <lb/>dis aditus pateat: Altera e&longs;t fene&longs;tra/qua fiat/ut recepto lumine <lb/>cuiu&longs;que gradus retractio per&longs;piciatur: Tertia e&longs;t contignationis <lb/>& tecti apertio: qua in &longs;uperius pauimentum operimentum que p <lb/>uadimus: Ea de re illud aiunt &longs;calis nimirum impediri operum <lb/>de&longs;criptiones. </s> <s>Sed qui uolent &longs;calis non impediri &longs;calas ip&longs;as <lb/>non impediant: Certum enim & proprium <expan abbr="dicabũt">dicabunt</expan> &longs;patium areæ <lb/>quo liber & &longs;olutus excur&longs;us pateat: &longs;uprema u&longs;que ad tecta: <lb/>quæ &longs;ub diuo &longs;unt: Neque te pigeat quod tantum areæ &longs;calis occu <lb/>petur: Nam &longs;atis referent commodi illic/ Vbi cæteris pa<gap/>bus <lb/>ædificii inferant minimum incommodi. </s> <s>Adde quod etiam for <lb/>nices & uacua quæ &longs;ub &longs;calis relinquentur / ad u&longs;us per commo <lb/>dos non deerunt. </s> <s>Scalarum apud nos duo &longs;unt genera: Nam de <lb/>militaribus expeditionum munitionumque &longs;calis non e&longs;t <pb/>hoc loco ut referam/ Vnæ quidem per quas non gradibus/Sed o <lb/>bliquo accliui: Alteræ quibus per gradus in &longs;ublime con&longs;cendi <lb/>mus. </s> <s>Accliuia ponere maiores con&longs;ueuere quo ad eius fieri pote <lb/>rat facilia & pre&longs;&longs;a. </s> <s>Verum uti ex eorum ædificiis annotaui/ &longs;a <lb/>tis commoda putarunt quæ ita e&longs;&longs;ent ducta: ut altitudinis p rpen <lb/>dens linea ad longitudinis iacentem lineam parte re&longs;ponderet <lb/>&longs;exta. </s> <s>In gradibus uero maxime templorum imparem numerum <lb/>probauere: nam fieri quidem aiunt ut recto intemplum pede <expan abbr="īgre">ingre</expan> <lb/>diamur: quam rem ad religionem facere arbitrantur. </s> <s>At in his a <lb/>nimaduerti bonos architectos ob&longs;erua&longs;&longs;e ut gradus nunquam fer <lb/>me plures unum in ordinem continuos <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> aut &longs;eptem aut nouem <lb/>adigerent. </s> <s>Credo aut planetarum aut urbium numerum imitates <lb/>Sed adhuiu&longs;modi &longs;eu &longs;eptenos &longs;eu nouenos quo&longs;que gradus con&longs;ul <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ime areolam &longs;ubtexebant: quo fe&longs;&longs;i et imbecilles ad con&longs;cen <lb/>dendi labore intermi&longs;&longs;as haberent quietes: Et &longs;iquis ca&longs;us incidi&longs; <lb/>&longs;et/ut &longs;candentes ruerent/haberent illi quidem &longs;patia ubi <expan abbr="corru&etilde;">corruem</expan> <lb/>di impetum &longs;i&longs;terent/&longs;eque reciperent atque firmarent: Et id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ip&longs;e uehementer probo/ut &longs;int &longs;calæ &longs;uis areis interceptæ: &longs;intque<lb/>lumino&longs;e & pro loci dignitate amplæ & &longs;patio&longs;æ. </s> <s>Gradus uero <lb/>&longs;calarum ita finiendos ducebant: ut neque cra&longs;&longs;iores &longs;extante/ne <lb/>que tenuiores dodrante e&longs;&longs;ent. </s> <s>Retractione&longs;que graduum ne minus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;exquipedales/ne ue plus &quml; bipedales ponerentur. </s> <s>Scalæ to <lb/>to in ædificio quo erunt numero pauciores / quo ue occupabunt <lb/>minus areæ/eo erunt commodiores.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Fumi et aquarum exitus expeditos e&longs;&longs;e oportet: & ita deriuatos <lb/>ut non per&longs;i&longs;tant/non exhuberent/non <expan abbr="coinquinent/nõ">coinquinent/non</expan> <expan abbr="offendãt">offendant</expan> <lb/>non <expan abbr="periculũ">periculum</expan> <expan abbr="afferãt">afferant</expan> ædificio. </s> <s>Hinc gulas foci <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> &longs;eiunxi&longs;&longs;e ab <lb/>omni materia opus <expan abbr="&etilde;/ne">en/ne</expan> aut &longs;cintilla aut concalefact ione incenda <lb/>tur &longs;eu trabs/&longs;eu tignum quæ fuerint proxima. </s> <s>Riuos etiam flu <lb/><expan abbr="entiũ">entium</expan> aquarum ita deduci iubent ut &longs;upflua <expan abbr="depellan&ttilde;">depellantur</expan> & <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> aut <lb/><expan abbr="abrod&etilde;do">abrodendo</expan> aut <expan abbr="madefaci&etilde;do">madefaciendo</expan> <expan abbr="uitiũ">uitium</expan> <expan abbr="inferãt">inferant</expan> ædificio: <expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> horum &longs;i&quml; <lb/><expan abbr="nocent/tã">nocent/tam</expan> & &longs;i minuti&longs;&longs;ime noceant/fit <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> & <expan abbr="t&etilde;poris">temporis</expan> diuturni <lb/>tate & lace&longs;cendi <expan abbr="p&longs;euerãtia">p&longs;euerantia</expan> ut accumulati&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="noceãt">noceant</expan>: et inhis <lb/>aquarum <expan abbr="ductõibus">ductonibus</expan> ob&longs;eruatum apti&longs;&longs;imis architectis aduerti/ut <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> <pb/>imbres &longs;tillicidic rum/aut ita ducerent porrectis fi&longs;tulis/ut <expan abbr="adu&etilde;">aduem</expan> <lb/>tantes non a&longs;pergerent: aut ita exciperent in pluuiis / ut ad u&longs;um <lb/>hominum uel intra ci&longs;ternas colligerent: uel cogerent certis locis <lb/>emanare unde priuate &longs;ordes abluerentur: et hominum nares ocu <lb/>lique minime offender entur. </s> <s>Et in primis cura&longs;&longs;e mihi ui&longs;i &longs;unt: <lb/>Vt omnem aquam pluuiam longe ab ædificio arcerent atque amo <lb/>uerent/cum cæteras ob res/tum ne ædificii &longs;olum humectaretur <lb/>Et in omnibus apertionibus id mihi cura&longs;&longs;e etiam ui&longs;i &longs;unt / ut e <lb/>as ponerent locis apti&longs;&longs;imis/ Vnde plurimum commodorum uni <lb/>uer&longs;o ædificio præ&longs;taretur: & præ&longs;ertim puteos maxime inpubli <lb/>ca & patenti ædis parte ponendos &longs;tatuo/modo digniora: & non <lb/>&longs;ua &longs;patia non occupentur. </s> <s>Et &longs;ub diuo po&longs;itos puriorem & &longs;ince <lb/>riorem aquam exhibere phy&longs;ici affirmant. </s> <s>Sed quacunque ædis <lb/>parte aut putei info&longs;&longs;i: aut cloacæ &longs;ub&longs;tratæ <expan abbr="fuerīt">fuerint</expan>: Aut aqua et hu <lb/>mor infuderit/apertiones e&longs;&longs;e illic oportet eiu&longs;modi Vt eo pluri <lb/>mum aeris a&longs;piret/quo humectæ exalationes pauimenti <expan abbr="ab&longs;tergã">ab&longs;tergam</expan> <lb/>tur et depellantur uentorum afflatu atque aeris impul&longs;u.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Hactenus de lineamentis ædificiorum/ quæ ad uniuer&longs;um opus <lb/>pertinere <expan abbr="uidebãtur/per&longs;trinximus/&longs;ingulis">uidebantur/per&longs;trinximus/&longs;ingulis</expan> rerum dicendarum <lb/>generibus annotatis. </s> <s>Nunc deopere & &longs;tructura <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> dicen <lb/>dum e&longs;t Sed prius de materia: & rebus his/quæ para&longs;&longs;e ad mate <lb/>riam opportet.</s></p><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE MATERIA <lb/>LIBER SECVNDVS<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg3"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin"> <s><margin.target id="marg3"></margin.target>o</s></p><p type="main"> <s>PVS AEDIFICIORVM ATQVE <lb/>impen&longs;am non temere incohandam arbitror/ <lb/>cum cæteras ob res/tum ne honori et nomini <lb/>officiat. </s> <s>Nam cum bene con&longs;titutum opus <lb/>his omnibus laudem efferat: qui in ea re con <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;iliũ">&longs;ilium</expan>: opam: <expan abbr="&longs;tudiũ">&longs;tudium</expan> ue adhibuere: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> &longs;iqd <lb/>erit <expan abbr="īquo">inquo</expan> auctoris <expan abbr="prud&etilde;tiã">prudentiam</expan> aut opificis periti <lb/>am ulla ex parte de&longs;ideres/plurimum laudi & nomini officiet.</s></p><pb/><p type="main"> <s>Et patent quidem atque admodum in promptu extant laudes et ui <lb/>tia maxime publicorum opus: inquibus magis ad &longs;e <expan abbr="de&longs;piciendũ">de&longs;piciendum</expan> <lb/>ne&longs;cio quo pacto trahit quod indecens e&longs;t / <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad &longs;e admirandum <lb/>quod pulchre perfectum et omni ex parte ab&longs;olutum con&longs;tet. </s> <s>Ac <lb/>mirum quidem quid ita &longs;it cur monente natura & docti et indoc <lb/>ti omnes in artibus et rationibus rerum quid nam in&longs;it aut recti: <lb/>aut praui confe&longs;tim &longs;entimus: E&longs;tque præ&longs;ertim in rebus eiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;en&longs;us oculorum unus omnium acerrimus: Quo fit ut &longs;iquid &longs;e <lb/>obtulerit: in quo aliquid curtum/claudicans/redundans inane: <lb/>aut inconditum &longs;it/i&longs;&longs;ico commoueamur: et lepidiora e&longs;&longs;e de&longs;ide <lb/>remus. </s> <s>Cur id accidat <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> omnes intelligimus /tamen &longs;i rogemur <lb/>emendari corrigique po&longs;&longs;e negabit nemo. </s> <s>At qualis ea &longs;it ratio exe <lb/>quendi: non erit omnium explica&longs;&longs;e: Sed &longs;olum in ea re bene con <lb/>&longs;ultorum: Bene quidem con&longs;ulti e&longs;t omnia præcogita&longs;&longs;e et præfi <lb/>ni&longs;&longs;e animo & mente/ne in opere aut perficiundo. </s> <s>aut iam ab&longs;olu <lb/>to <expan abbr="dic&etilde;dum">dicendum</expan> &longs;it hoc nolui&longs;&longs;em/&quml; illud malui&longs;&longs;em. </s> <s>Et mirum qui <lb/>dem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> non leui&longs;&longs;imas penas male con&longs;tructi operis pendamus: <lb/>Quod enim temere et incon&longs;ulti aggre&longs;&longs;i initio non perpendera <lb/>mus/temporum &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;u tandem recogno&longs;cimus: Ex quo fit aut <lb/>æternum ob erroris offen&longs;am peniteat: &longs;i non deleatur ac emende <lb/>tur: aut &longs;i demoliatur/impen&longs;arum et iacturæ ratio/iudiciique tui <lb/>leuitas & incon&longs;tantia damnetur. </s> <s>Iuliu&longs; Cæ&longs;ar ædem a <expan abbr="nemor&etilde;&longs;i">nemoren&longs;i</expan> <lb/>a fundamentis incohatam/magnoque &longs;umptu ab&longs;olutam/quia non <lb/>tota ad animum ei re&longs;ponderet/totam dirui&longs;&longs;e affirmat Suetoni <lb/>us. </s> <s>Qua quidem in re etiam apud nos po&longs;teros uituperandus ue <lb/>nit &longs;iquid tum non &longs;atis quæ ad rem facerent præcogitauit: aut &longs;i <lb/>forte quæ tum erant recte in&longs;tituta potuit po&longs;tea leuitatis errore <lb/>odi&longs;&longs;e.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Iccirco uetus optime edificantium mos mihi quidem &longs;emper pro <lb/>babitur: ut non per&longs;criptione modo et pictura/ uerum etiam mo <lb/>dulis <expan abbr="ex&etilde;plarii&longs;que">exemplarii&longs;que</expan> factis a&longs;&longs;erula &longs;eu qua uis re uniuer&longs;um opus et <lb/>&longs;ingule cunctarum partium dimen&longs;iones de con&longs;ilio in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;i <lb/>morum iterum atque iterum pen&longs;itemus atque examinentur prius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>quid aliud aggrediare quod impen&longs;am aut curam exigat. </s> <s>In mo <pb/>dulis uero ducendis dabitur/ut regionis &longs;itum & arcæ ambitum <lb/>& partium numerum atque ordinem: et parietum faciem: et tecto <lb/>rum firmitatem: et omnium denique rerum/de quibus libro &longs;uperi <lb/>ore tran&longs;egimus rationem & conformationem pulcherrime &longs;pec <lb/>tes atque con&longs;ideres: Et licebit i&longs;tic impune addere/diminuere/ <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="mutare/īnouare">mutare/innouare</expan> ac penitus peruertere quoad omnia recte <expan abbr="cõueni">conueni</expan> <lb/>ant & comprobentur. </s> <s>Adde quod futuræ impen&longs;æ modus et &longs;umma <lb/>quæ res minime negligenda e&longs;t/certior habebitur latitudine/alti <lb/>tudine/cra&longs;&longs;itudine/numero/amplitudine/forma/&longs;pecie qualita <lb/>teque rerum &longs;ingularum pro earum dignitate etfabroium manu <expan abbr="p&etilde;">pem</expan> <lb/>&longs;itatis. </s> <s>Nam columnarum: capitulorum: ba&longs;ium: coronarum: fa <lb/>&longs;tigiorum: cru&longs;tationum: pauimentorum: &longs;tatuarumque & eiu&longs;mo <lb/>di <gap/> quæ quidem aut ad con&longs;tituendum: aut ad exornandum ædifi <lb/>cium pertinent ratio et &longs;umma explicatior certiorque habebitur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Hoc prætermittendum nequie&quml; cen&longs;eo/quod ualde faciat ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/>modulos fucatos et ut ita loquar picturæ lænociniis faleratos pro <lb/>ducere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> eius architecti/qui rem docere &longs;tudeat. </s> <s>Sed eius e&longs;t am <lb/>bitio&longs;i qui &longs;pectantis oculos illicere et occupare animumque ab <lb/>recta di&longs;qui&longs;itione partium <expan abbr="p&etilde;&longs;andarum">pen&longs;andarum</expan> admouere ad &longs;e <expan abbr="admirã">admiram</expan> <lb/>dum conetur. </s> <s>Quare modulos uelim dari non exacto artificio p <lb/>finitos: ter&longs;os: illu&longs;tratos: Sed nudos & &longs;implices: in quibus <expan abbr="inu&etilde;">inuem</expan> <lb/>toris <expan abbr="ingenium/nõ">ingenium/non</expan> fabri manum probes: Inter pictoris atque archi <lb/>tecti per&longs;criptionem hoc intere&longs;t/ quod ille prominentias ex tabula <lb/><expan abbr="mõ&longs;trare">mon&longs;trare</expan> umbris et lineis et angulis comminutis elaborat: Archi <lb/>tectus &longs;pretis umbris prominentias i&longs;tic ex fundamenti de&longs;eripti <lb/>one ponit: Spatia uero & figuras frontis cuiu&longs;que & laterum alibi <lb/>con&longs;tantibus lineis atque ueris angulis docet/uti qui &longs;ua uelit non <lb/>apparentibus putari ui&longs;is/&longs;ed certis rati&longs;que dimen&longs;ionibus annota <lb/>ri. </s> <s>Itaque modulos huiu&longs;modi feci&longs;&longs;e oportet: et eos ita diligenti&longs; <lb/>&longs;ime tecum ip&longs;o et una cum pluribus examina&longs;&longs;e: et iterum atque<lb/>iterum recognoui&longs;&longs;e/ut nihil in opere uel minimum futurum &longs;it <lb/>quod non et quid et quale ip&longs;um &longs;it & quas &longs;edes & quantum &longs;pa <lb/>tii occupaturum &longs;it/et quos ad u&longs;um futurum &longs;it/teneas. </s> <s>Et præ <lb/>&longs;ertim tectorum ratio præceteris ut expediti&longs;&longs;ima &longs;it in primis <pb/><expan abbr="curãdum">curandum</expan> e&longs;t. </s> <s>Nam tectum quidem natura &longs;ui/&longs;irecte <expan abbr="īterpretor">interpretor</expan> <lb/>ex omni ædificatione mortalibus primum fuit eorum quæ ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> <lb/>quietis facerent: adeo ut tectorum gratia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> paries &longs;olum: et quæ <lb/>cum parietibus <expan abbr="&longs;urgũt">&longs;urgunt</expan> et con&longs;ecuntur: Verum etiam ea quæ &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;olo ip&longs;o &longs;unt inuenta e&longs;&longs;e non negent/uti &longs;unt aquarum depul&longs;i <lb/>ones et deriuationes quæ ex imbribus et cloacæ & eiu&longs;modi: Ego <lb/>uero u&longs;u i&longs;tarum rerum perdoctus memini &quml; &longs;it difficile perducere o <lb/>pus/ut in eo &longs;int partium commoditates dignitati uenu&longs;tatique <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>iunctæ: hoc e&longs;t ut habeant eum cætera quæ probentur/tum et par <lb/>tium excultam uarietatem/qualem proportionum ratio & <expan abbr="concī">concim</expan> <lb/>nitas diffinierit. </s> <s>Magnum e&longs;t &longs;uperi id quidem/&longs;ed <expan abbr="habili/de&longs;tīa">habili/de&longs;tina</expan> <lb/>to decenti aptoque tecto operire cuncta hæc non ni&longs;i &longs;olertis: et ad <lb/>modum <expan abbr="circũ&longs;pecti">circun&longs;pecti</expan> e&longs;&longs;e ingenii opus & artificii affirmo. </s> <s><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> <lb/>cum tibi alii&longs;que peritis tota operis facies perplacebit et <expan abbr="cõiectatio">coniectatio</expan> <lb/>ita ut nihil &longs;e offerat in quo hæ&longs;ites/nihil in quo melius po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>&longs;ilium capi &longs;tatuas/moneo ne libidine ædificandi ad opus <expan abbr="incohã">incoham</expan> <lb/>dum properes uetu&longs;ta ædificia demoliendo aut <expan abbr="īmania">immania</expan> uniuer&longs;i o <lb/>peris fundamenta iaciendo: quod ip&longs;um incon&longs;iderati & præcipi <lb/>tes <expan abbr="faciũt">faciunt</expan>: Sed &longs;i me audias &longs;uper&longs;edebis tempus aliquod/quoad <lb/>ingenii tui recens approbatio deferbuerit/cuncta demum accura <lb/>tius recogniturus/cum non inuenti amore: &longs;ed con&longs;ilii rationibus <lb/>dabitur/ut de ip&longs;a re con&longs;ideratius diiudices: Omnibus enim in <lb/>rebus agendis multa tempus afferet ut aduertas atque perpendas / <lb/>quæ te uel &longs;olerti&longs;&longs;imum fugerant</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Modulos tibi recognituro hæc inter <expan abbr="pen&longs;ãdas">pen&longs;andas</expan> rationes uer&longs;entur <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Principio nequid aggrediare &longs;upra uires hominum: <lb/>Ne ue quid &longs;u&longs;cipias: quod cum rerum natura protinus depugna <lb/>turum &longs;it. </s> <s>Naturæ enim uis tam & &longs;i interdum mole obiecta iter <lb/>pelletur: aut innixu aliquo detorqueatur/eiu&longs;modi tamen e&longs;t/ut <lb/>&longs;iuerit ea quidem nun&quml; non &longs;uperare ac profligare quicquid obuer <lb/>&longs;etur: atque impediat: Et omnem quidem contra &longs;e expo&longs;itam rerum<lb/>ut ita loquar: <expan abbr="peruicaciã">peruicaciam</expan> diuturna et a&longs;&longs;idua oppugnandi per&longs;eue <lb/>rantia tempore/fecunditate labefactat atque per&longs;ternit. </s> <s>&quml; multa ho <lb/>minum manufacta et legimus & uidemus <expan abbr="nullã">nullam</expan> præ&longs;ertim ob <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <pb/>non dura&longs;&longs;e/ni&longs;i quod cum natura rerum contenderint. </s> <s>Eum qui <lb/>ponte nauibus producto obequitare in&longs;tituerat mare quis non irri <lb/>deat: aut potius <expan abbr="in&longs;ol&etilde;tis">in&longs;olentis</expan> oderit in&longs;aniam? </s> <s>Portum Claudii &longs;ub <lb/>ho&longs;tia: et apud Teracinam portum Adrian<gap/>opera omni exparte <lb/>alioquin æterna/tamen uidemus iam tum pridem ob&longs;tru&longs;is hare <lb/>na faucibus & repleto &longs;inu penitus defeci&longs;&longs;e mare <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> intermi&longs; <lb/>&longs;a illuctatione a&longs;&longs;idua lace&longs;&longs;ente & in dies peruincente. </s> <s>Quid <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>putas futurum ubi aut impetentium aquarum uim: aut ruentium <lb/>rupium molem omnino arcere propellereque in&longs;titueris? </s> <s>Quæ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>ita &longs;int aduerti&longs;&longs;e oportet nequid eiu&longs;modi aggrediamur quod <lb/>ip&longs;um non recte cum rerum natura conueniat. </s> <s>Proxime <expan abbr="cauendũ">cauendum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;t nequid ad te recipias in quo perficiundo ip&longs;e tibi deficias re <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>perfecta. </s> <s>Tarquinum regem Romanorum/ni &longs;uperi dii amplitu <lb/>dini urbis faui&longs;&longs;ent/ni cre&longs;cente imperio &longs;atis opum ad tantam in <lb/>cohatam magnificentiam &longs;uppedita&longs;&longs;ent/quis non uitupera&longs;&longs;et/ <lb/>quod templi fundamentis iaciundis <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan> futuri operis impen&longs;am <lb/>profudi&longs;&longs;et? </s> <s>Accedit quod non modo quid queas/uerum & quid <lb/>deceat non in po&longs;tremis con&longs;iderandum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Rhodopen Thraci <lb/>am meretricem illam celebrem & &longs;uorum temporum memoriam <lb/>non laudo: Quæ &longs;ibi &longs;epulchrum incredibili <expan abbr="ĩpen&longs;a">impen&longs;a</expan> condi iu&longs;&longs;it: <lb/>Nam ea quidem & &longs;i meretricio quæ&longs;tu regias adepta e&longs;&longs;et opes <lb/>regio tamen digna &longs;epulchro <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> fuit. </s> <s>At reginam Cariæ ar <lb/>temi&longs;iam contra non uitupero/quæ <expan abbr="amãti&longs;&longs;imo">amanti&longs;&longs;imo</expan> et digni&longs;&longs;imo ui <lb/>ro &longs;epulchrum condidit magnificenti&longs;&longs;imum: <expan abbr="&qtilde;uis">quauis</expan> quoque in his <lb/>mode&longs;tiam probem. </s> <s>Mecenatem increpabat Horatius quod ædifi <lb/>cando in&longs;aniret. </s> <s>Mihi uero apud Cornelium tacitum probatur is <lb/>qui othoni &longs;epulchrum po&longs;uit modicum/&longs;ed man&longs;urum. </s> <s>Quod <lb/>& &longs;i in priuatis monumentis mode&longs;tiam/in publicis magnificen <lb/>tiam exigunt publica etiam interdum priuatorum mode&longs;tia col <lb/>laudantur. </s> <s>Pompeii theatrum <expan abbr="obegregiã">obegregiam</expan> opis <expan abbr="magnitudin&etilde;">magnitudinem</expan> et di <lb/>gnitatem laudibus et admiratione pro&longs;equimur. </s> <s>Dignum opus <lb/>et Pompeio et uictrice Roma. </s> <s>Sed Neronis ædificandi in&longs;aniam <lb/>et ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorum operum ad&longs;oluendorum furorem non omnes pro<lb/>bant: Tum et eum qui tam multis hominum milibus <expan abbr="mõt&etilde;">montem</expan> apud <pb/>puteolos non foderit quis non malit ultiori aliqua in re tantum o <lb/>peræ atque impen&longs;e con&longs;ump&longs;i&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Eliogaballi prodigio&longs;am <expan abbr="in&longs;ol&etilde;">in&longs;olem</expan> <lb/>tiam quis non dete&longs;tabitur. </s> <s>Cogitarat enim columnam ponere in <lb/>gentem/per quam intrin&longs;ecus ad &longs;ummum con&longs;cenderetur: ut il <lb/>lic Eliogabal&longs;um deum/cui e&longs;&longs;et initiatus/locaret: Sed non in<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>to tam ua&longs;to &longs;axo conqui&longs;ito u&longs;que ad <expan abbr="thebaid&etilde;">thebaidem</expan> de&longs;titit. </s> <s>His etiam <lb/>addendum e&longs;t nequid aggrediare quod ip&longs;um & &longs;i alioquin utile <lb/>dignum ac <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> penitus difficile factu &longs;it facultatibus et temporis <lb/>oportunitate &longs;uppeditantibus/tamen &longs;it ip&longs;um eiu&longs;modi ut bre <lb/>ui aut &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;oris negligentia aut incolarum tedio <expan abbr="defecturũ">defecturum</expan> &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Fo&longs;&longs;am quinque remibus nauigabilem ab Auerno u&longs;que <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiã">ho&longs;tiam</expan> a Ne <lb/>rone in&longs;titutam cum alias ob res uitupero/ tum etiam quod in ea <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;eruãda">&longs;eruanda</expan> perpetuam eternamque imperii felicitatem et huius rei &longs;tu <lb/>dio&longs;os continue principes de&longs;idera&longs;&longs;et. </s> <s>Quæ cum ita &longs;int officii <lb/>erit ea &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e quæ recen&longs;uimus: hoc e&longs;t quid &longs;it quod agas/ & <lb/>quid quo agas loco: et qui &longs;is qui id agas: Et pro eius dignitate et <lb/>u&longs;u rem totam con&longs;tituere nimirum hominis erit bene co&longs;ulti et <lb/>con&longs;iderati. </s> <s>His notatis atque animaduer&longs;is lu&longs;tranda tibi crunt re <lb/>liqua/an &longs;int eorum quæque recte definita et apte &longs;uis locis di&longs;tri <lb/>buta: Quo pro munere obeundo ip&longs;um te ita compares opus e&longs;t: <lb/>ut in omni rerum i&longs;tarum aduer&longs;ione præ te feras turpe ducere te <lb/>non id a&longs;&longs;equi quoad in te &longs;it: Vtaliud alibi opus nullum pari <lb/>factum impen&longs;a et &longs;imili ductum oportunita<gap/>e po&longs;&longs;it/ aut &longs;pecta <lb/>ri lubentius/aut laudari uberius. </s> <s>Neque enim &longs;at e&longs;t i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in <lb/>rebus non contenni/&longs;ed probari quidem in primis <expan abbr="c&etilde;decet/et">cendecet/et</expan> <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> <lb/>haberi ut imitentur. </s> <s>Quare &longs;eueros e&longs;&longs;e nos et per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tes">diligentes</expan> re <lb/>rum explicatores oportet: Et curandum ut cum nihil non elegans <lb/>& probati&longs;&longs;imum interponatur: tum et omnia inter &longs;e mutuo ad <lb/>dignitatem gratiamque conueniant/u&longs;que adeo ut quicquid addide <lb/>ris aut mutaris aut detraxeris uitio&longs;ius id et d<gap/>terius futurum &longs;it <lb/>Sed rerum i&longs;tarum iterum atque <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> admoneo/fac &longs;it moderatiix <lb/>peritorum prudentia et con&longs;ilium eorum/ qui &longs;pectaturi &longs;int rec <lb/>ro aliquo & &longs;incero cum iudicio. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> i&longs;torum <expan abbr="&longs;cīa">&longs;cina</expan> et <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;titutis">in&longs;titutis</expan> m<gap/>gis <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> priuata uoluntate & &longs;en&longs;u dabitur/ut quæ agas uel <expan abbr="optĩa">optina</expan> &longs;int/ <pb/>uel optimis &longs;imilia. </s> <s>Demum peritorum uoce probari quod agas <lb/>profecto pulcherrimum e&longs;t: & &longs;atis &longs;uperque approbant qui melio <lb/>ra non afferunt: ex qua re &longs;ractum quoque uoluptatis capias <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> <lb/>nemo i&longs;torum qui &longs;apiunt non a&longs;&longs;entiantur: Et conferet <expan abbr="quo&longs;dã">quo&longs;dam</expan> <lb/>audi&longs;&longs;e: Nam interdum cuenit/ut etiam i&longs;tarum rerum imperiti <lb/>ea dicant quæ minime a&longs;pernenda periti&longs;&longs;imis uideantur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Cum uero tota ædificii ratio ex &longs;ingulis modulorum partibus ita <lb/>erit apud te &longs;pectata et cognita: ut nihil non animaduer&longs;um: nihil <lb/>non adnotatum u&longs;piam relinquatur: & interea ita omnino decre <lb/>ueris ædificare: et apud te con&longs;tabit unde &longs;umptibus oportune &longs;a <lb/>ti&longs;fiat/parabis reliqua ad opus ip&longs;um exequendum nece&longs;&longs;aria: ne <lb/>quid inter ædificandum de&longs;it: quod a perficiundi operis celerita <lb/>te auocet. </s> <s>Nam cum &longs;int plura quibus ad opus ab&longs;oluendum <expan abbr="ĩdi">indi</expan> <lb/>geas: cumque illorum quid uis ni ad&longs;it omnem &longs;tructuram po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>aut impedire aut uitiare/officii erit nihil neglexi&longs;&longs;e/quod confe <lb/>rat &longs;i ad&longs;it: aut noceat/&longs;i de&longs;it. </s> <s>Dauid et Salomon hebreorum re <lb/>ges facturi <expan abbr="t&etilde;plum">templum</expan> hiero&longs;olimis/cum maximam uim auri/argen <lb/>ti/æris/lignorum/lapidi&longs;que & eiu&longs;modi para&longs;&longs;ent: tum et neqd <lb/>dee&longs;&longs;et quod ad rei facilitatem & celeritatem faceret/ a proximis <lb/>regibus multa <expan abbr="fabrorũ">fabrorum</expan> milia et architectos accer&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Eu <lb/>&longs;ebius Pamphilus. </s> <s>Quod factum quidem uehementer probo: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>affert nimirum operi dignitatem: et auctoris gloriam accumulati <lb/>orem reddit: quod arte ac recte factum mature perfectum &longs;it apd <lb/>&longs;criptores celebratur. </s> <s>Alexander Macedo/quem refert Curtius/ <lb/>urbem apud Tanaim non <expan abbr="minimã">minimam</expan> ædifica&longs;&longs;e diebus non plus &longs;ep <lb/>tem. </s> <s>Et Nabuchodona&longs;or quod templum Beli ut &longs;cribit lo&longs;ephus <lb/>hi&longs;toricus/diebus quindecim ab&longs;oluerit: quod ue Babilonem tri <lb/>plici/uti aiunt/muro cinxerit diebus itidem quindecim. </s> <s>Titus <lb/>quod murum &longs;tadiorum paulo minus quadraginta a&longs;truxerit. </s> <s>Se <lb/>miramis quod &longs;ingula maximorum murorum &longs;tadia apd Babilo <lb/>nem &longs;ingulis diebus perfecerit: quod ue murum ad cohercendum <lb/>latum &longs;tadiis ducentis admodum profundum atque latum dicbus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>plus &longs;eptem duxerit. </s> <s>Sed de his alias</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Quæ uero para&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõuenit/nimirum">conuenit/nimirum</expan> hæc &longs;unt/calx/harena lapis <pb/>materia: item et ferrum et æs et plumbum et uitrum: et huiu&longs;mo <lb/>di. </s> <s>Et inprimis fabros minime imperitos/minime leues/minime <lb/>incon&longs;tantes. </s> <s>&longs;eligendos duco: quibus tu opus recte per&longs;criptum <lb/>&longs;edulo faciundum mandes atque commendes/ut probe perfiniant/ <lb/>maturæque ab&longs;oluant. </s> <s>Et in his omnibus probandis iuuabit ex pro <lb/>ximis quæ alibi inpromptu extant operibus ducere argumenta et <lb/>coniecturas quibus admonitus &longs;tatuas quid tua in re <expan abbr="agendũ">agendum</expan> &longs;it: <lb/>Namque in illis uitia & laudes notentur/eodem quoque in tuo futu <lb/>ra opere per&longs;imillima poteris arbitrari. </s> <s>Nero princeps cum in&longs;ti <lb/>tui&longs;&longs;et centum ac uiginti pedum Romæ ad uenerationem &longs;olis co <lb/>lo&longs;&longs;um ponere: in quo &longs;uperiorum amplitudinem & magnificen <lb/>tiam &longs;uperaret/non prius loca&longs;&longs;e faciundum Zenodaro artifici p <lb/>ea tempora celebri ac &longs;ingulari &longs;cribit <expan abbr="Plinius/&qtilde;">Plinius/quae</expan> &longs;atis probatum <lb/>uidit quid in tanti operis artificio ualeret facto in gallia apud ar <lb/>uernos collo&longs;o miri ponderis. </s> <s>Atque hi&longs; o&longs;titutis ad cætera pro&longs;equa <lb/>mur. </s> <s>Atqui nos quidem in huiu&longs;modi rebus/quæ ad opus ædi&longs;i <lb/>ciorum commoda &longs;unt/recen&longs;endis/ea referamus quæ d<gap/>i uete <lb/>res tradidere: Præ&longs;ertim Theophra&longs;tu&longs; / Ari&longs;toteles/Cato/ Var <lb/>ro/Plinius/Vitruuiu&longs;que. </s> <s>Nam ea quidem longa ob&longs;eruatione <lb/><expan abbr="magis/&qtilde;">magis/quae</expan> ullis ingenii artibus cogno&longs;cuntur: Vt ab his qui i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi &longs;umma diligentia <expan abbr="adnotarunt/pet&etilde;da">adnotarunt/petenda</expan> &longs;int. </s> <s>Sequemur <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> <lb/>ea colligentes: quæ probati&longs;&longs;imi ueteres pluribus et uariis locis trac <lb/>tauere. </s> <s>Addemus etiam no&longs;tro pro more &longs;iqua ip&longs;i ex maiorum o <lb/>peribus aut ex peritorum artificum monitis adnotarimus: quæ u&longs; <lb/>la ex parte dicendis conferant: Et enim <expan abbr="percõmode">percommode</expan> fieri arbitror <lb/>&longs;i naturam rerum ip&longs;arum &longs;equentes ab his ip&longs;is incipiemus/quæ <lb/>prius ad hanc rem ædificatoriam &longs;ibi homines u&longs;urparunt. </s> <s>Ea ni <lb/>fallimur fuere cæduæ arbores & &longs;yluarum materia/tam & &longs;i apd <lb/>auctores <expan abbr="inueniã">inueniam</expan> qui de his inter &longs;e di&longs;crepent. </s> <s>Sunt qui dicant <lb/>homines primum <expan abbr="&longs;pelũcis">&longs;peluncis</expan> habita&longs;&longs;e ita ut pecus et domini <expan abbr="c&etilde;mu">cemmu</expan> <lb/>ni clauderentur umbra: Hinc credunt quod fertur apud Plinium <lb/>Gelium quendam Taxium imitatione naturæ primum omnium <lb/>luteum &longs;ibi a&longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e ædificium: Deam Diodorus Ve&longs;tam &longs;atur <lb/>ni filiam ait primum habitacula adinueni&longs;&longs;e: Eu&longs;ebius <expan abbr="Pãphilus">Pamphilus</expan> <pb/><expan abbr="elegãs">elegans</expan> antiquitatum per&longs;crutator ex ueterum te&longs;timoniis Protho <lb/>genii nepotes excogita&longs;&longs;e hominibus domicuia a&longs;&longs;euerat/quæ ex <lb/>foliis harundinum & papiro <expan abbr="intexeren&ttilde;">intexerentur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed nos redeamus ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan></s></p><p type="main"> <s>Veteres igitur & in primis Theophra&longs;tus &longs;cindere <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;">arborem</expan> præ <lb/>&longs;ertim abietem et piceam et pinum iubent/ubi primum germina&longs; <lb/>&longs;e tenero&longs;que caudices promp&longs;i&longs;&longs;e occeperint: Vbi & piopter hu <lb/>moris exuberantiam facile corticem amoui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;&longs;is: E&longs;&longs;e tamen <lb/>aliquas po&longs;t <expan abbr="uīdemiam">uindemiam</expan>: quæ cæ&longs;æ commodiores &longs;int: uti e&longs;t acer <lb/>ulmus/fraxinus/tilia/ Robora item &longs;i <expan abbr="credãtur">credantur</expan> uere/fieri teredi <lb/>no&longs;a atte&longs;tantur. </s> <s>At eadem &longs;i cedantur bruma/fieri ut neque uitien <lb/>tur/neque pandantur: Et faciat adrem quod adnotarunt materiam <lb/>quidem: quæ per brumam flante borea cedatur/etiam <expan abbr="uirent&etilde;">uirentem</expan> bel <lb/>li&longs;&longs;ime & prope immunem fumo ardere: Quæ res inditio e&longs;t hu <lb/>morem &longs;ucco&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e non crudo &longs;ed dige&longs;to. </s> <s>Vitruuio placuit <lb/>materiam cedi a primo autumno u&longs;que <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequae</expan> flare incipiat Fauoni <lb/>us. </s> <s>He&longs;iodus quando inquit &longs;ol no&longs;trum in caput pendens multa <lb/>inferue&longs;cit ui<gap/>et hominum inde color fu&longs;catur/ tunc me&longs;&longs;is in&longs;tat <lb/>Cum uero decidere folia ceperint/tu &longs;iluam cedito. </s> <s>At Cato rem <lb/>totam &longs;ic moderatur. </s> <s>Materiem inquit &longs;i robur &longs;it/cedito ubi &longs;ol <lb/>&longs;titium fuerit: Nam ad brumam &longs;emper intempe&longs;tiua e&longs;t: cætera <lb/>materies quæ &longs;emen habet<gap/>cum maturum fuerit: quæ non habet/ <lb/>cum libuerit: Quæ maturum & una uiride habet/tunc cedito <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>&longs;emen exciderit: Vlmum uero cum cadunt &longs;olia. </s> <s>Et referre pluri <lb/>mum aiunt qua luna ferrum adigas. </s> <s>Nanque tantam quidem uim <lb/>lunationum e&longs;&longs;e in eiu&longs;modi rebus ferro attingendis putant<gap/> cum <lb/>cæteri/tum in primis Varro: ut etiam qui tondantur luna decre <lb/>&longs;cente fieri confe&longs;tim caluos a&longs;&longs;euerent: Eaque de re <expan abbr="Tiberiũ">Tiberium</expan> prin <lb/>cipem referunt diem capillo tondendo &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>A&longs;tronomi affir <lb/>mant non defuturam animo tri&longs;titiam &longs;i capillum aut unguem &longs;e <lb/>cueris luna oppre&longs;&longs;a maleque affecta. </s> <s>Illud faciat ad rem quod <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> <lb/>quas res ad u&longs;um habiturus &longs;is/ut locis <expan abbr="moueãtur">moueantur</expan> has ferro manu <lb/>que tractandas cum fuerit luna in libra cancro ue: Quæ uero &longs;tabili <lb/>a & locis immota futura &longs;int/tunc incohandas et pertractandas <lb/>cum erit luna <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> leone tauro ue & eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Sed cedi oportere ma <pb/>teriem periti omnes admonent luna deficiente: Nam tune admo <lb/>dum exhau&longs;tam e&longs;&longs;e arboris &longs;tatuunt cra&longs;&longs;am illam pituitatem: <lb/>quæ quidem adcitam putredinem <expan abbr="imbuendã">imbuendam</expan> per prona &longs;it: lunaque<lb/>i&longs;thac cæ&longs;am cariæ non infe&longs;tari expertum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Hinc e&longs;t quod <lb/>aiunt/frumenta ut uendas metito luna pleniore: Nam et ip&longs;a <expan abbr="tũe">tune</expan> <lb/>admodum plena &longs;unt: ut uero a&longs;&longs;erues metito luna &longs;itiente: Con <lb/>&longs;tat etiam frondes arborum luna decre&longs;cente præparatas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> putre <lb/>&longs;cere. </s> <s>Diem uero cedendis arboribus commodam putat Columel <lb/>la a uige&longs;ima u&longs;que ad trige&longs;imam con&longs;ene&longs;centis luræ. </s> <s>Vegetio <lb/>&longs;cindi arborem placuit a quintadecima u&longs;que ad uige&longs;imam &longs;ecun <lb/>dam lunam: hincque religionem ortam putat: ut pio eternitate his <lb/>tantum diebus celebrent: quod per eos cæ&longs;a æternum durent. </s> <s>Ad <lb/>dunt et lunam ob&longs;eruandam ut occidat. </s> <s>At Plinius optime cædi <lb/>arborem putat cane maxime oriente lunaque coheunte: qui dies in <lb/>terlunium uocatur: et noctem ducit expectandam eius ip&longs;ius diei <lb/>quoad luna &longs;ub terra &longs;it. </s> <s>Huius rei rationem A&longs;tronomi e&longs;&longs;e pre <lb/><expan abbr="dicãt">dicant</expan>: quod ui lunæ omnis re<gap/>um humor commoueatur. </s> <s>Ergo hu <lb/>more lunam uer&longs;us ad ultimas radicis fibras aut retracto aut de&longs;ti <lb/>tuto/Cætera materies perpurgatior relinquitur. </s> <s>Adde his quod <lb/>multo fideliores putant futuras &longs;i non &longs;tatim pro&longs;temantur/ Ve <lb/>rum circuncidantur ut &longs;tantes &longs;ic are&longs;cant: Quin & abietem arbo <lb/>rem alioquin <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> humoris contagionem haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imã">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> <lb/>&longs;i luna decre&longs;cente decorticetur/futuram affirmant/ut aquis non <lb/>corrumpatur. </s> <s>Sunt qui atte&longs;tentur robur et <expan abbr="quærcũ">quærcum</expan> graues ma <lb/>terias/quæ aquis natura &longs;ub&longs;idant/&longs;i circuncidantur uere primo <lb/>& po&longs;t ami&longs;&longs;am frondem pro&longs;ternantur/reddi ut aquis ad diem <lb/>u&longs;que nonage&longs;imum adnatent: Alii amplius concidi &longs;tantis arboris <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;itudinem <expan abbr="iub&etilde;t">iubent</expan> ad mediam u&longs;que medullam quo &longs;anies & ma <lb/>lus &longs;uccus &longs;tillando effu&longs;ius depleatur: His addunt ne <expan abbr="ullã">ullam</expan> &longs;ter <lb/>nas arborem dolandam aut &longs;ecandam ante &longs;ues æditos fructus et <lb/>&longs;eminis maturitatem: Perci&longs;am inde arborem/ut præ&longs;ertim quæ <lb/>fructum ferat/nudari penitus cortice admonent oportere. </s> <s>Nam <lb/>facile quidem &longs;ub libro/dum cortice opertæ <expan abbr="&longs;tent/contaminan&ttilde;">&longs;tent/contaminantur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Cæ&longs;am materiem habere conditam oportet loco ubi graues &longs;oles <pb/>et acres uentorum afflatus non appellant: & præ&longs;ertim quæ <expan abbr="&longs;põ">&longs;pom</expan> <lb/>te <expan abbr="dan&ttilde;/umbra">dantur/umbra</expan> penitus contectas e&longs;&longs;e oportet: Quir. </s> <s>et huius gra <lb/>tia fimo illinire maxime bouillo ueteres architecti ob&longs;eruaiunt: <lb/>Id ea de re fieri Theophra&longs;tus di&longs;&longs;erebat/ quod circumoclu&longs;is egre&longs; <lb/>&longs;ibus/concreta pituita/in modicaque uaporum uis per medull<gap/>m <lb/>&longs;en&longs;im in&longs;tillet atque re&longs;piret/quo fit ut cætera ligni &longs;iccitas &longs;icci <lb/>&longs;cendo coequalibus conden&longs;etur: Stantes item cacumine quod in <lb/>uer&longs;o commodius &longs;iccari arbitrantur: Tum & contra uetu&longs;tatem <lb/>ac futuros morbos uaria adhibeant remedia: Theophra&longs;tus defo&longs; <lb/>&longs;am materiem multo den&longs;ari arbitratur. </s> <s>Cato iubet ce&longs;am materi <lb/>em amurca illiniri/quo a tinea et carie immunis &longs;it. </s> <s>Quæ aqui&longs; <lb/>et mari uitientur pice tutari in promptu e&longs;t: Referunt & ligna <lb/>quæ macerata &longs;int/amurca nullo fumi tedio ardere. </s> <s>Ad labyrin <lb/>thum ægyptium po&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e trabes ex &longs;pina ægyptia incohatas o <lb/>leo &longs;cribit Plinius. </s> <s>Vi&longs;co inquit Theophra&longs;tus illitam materiem <lb/>non ardere. </s> <s>Neque hoc pretermittam: Extat apud Gellium ex <expan abbr="ãna">anna</expan> <lb/>libus quinti Claudii turrim ligneam ad pyreum/quod eam arche <lb/>laus Mitridatis præfectus multo a lumine oblini&longs;&longs;et/ Sylla oppu <lb/>gnante minime ar&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: Sunt præterea quæ modis uariis den&longs;ent: <lb/>et contra tempe&longs;tatum iniurias corroborentur: Nam citream qui <lb/>dem materiem condiunt terra & illiniunt cæra: imponuntque acer <lb/>uis frumenti &longs;eptenis diebus/totidem intermi&longs;&longs;is: Quo fit ut cum <lb/>firmior: tum et ad opus commodior reddatur: Mirum enim <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> mo <lb/>dum ponderi detrahitur: hanc ip&longs;am etiam &longs;iccatam mari <expan abbr="duriti&etilde;">duritiem</expan> <lb/>acquirere affirmant &longs;pi&longs;&longs;am & incorruptibilem. </s> <s>Ca&longs;taneam aqs <lb/>maris purga<gap/>i con&longs;tat. </s> <s>Ficum ægyptiam &longs;cribit Plinius &longs;tagno <lb/>in mergunt/ut &longs;iccetur atque leuigetur: nam ea quidem prius aqs <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;idit: No&longs;tros fabros tignarios uidemus aquis et luto &longs;ubmer <lb/>&longs;am/qua præ&longs;ertim torno utuntur: materiem &longs;eruare dies <gap/>gin <lb/>ta quod maturius ex&longs;iccatam & fieri ad omnes u&longs;us habiliore pu <lb/>tant: Sunt qui affirment materiem cuius euenire h<gap/>c/ut &longs;i dum <lb/>adhuc uiret/defodias in humido/æterna &longs;it. </s> <s>Sed &longs;iue defodias: &longs;i <lb/>ue illitam lucis ue conditam &longs;erues hac in &longs;ententia periti omnes <lb/>conueniunt: ut ni&longs;i po&longs;t trime&longs;tre tangi uetent:</s></p><pb/><p type="main"> <s>Den&longs;ari enim et quandam qua&longs;i maturitatem firmitatis imbui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet <expan abbr="priu&longs;&qtilde;">priu&longs;quae</expan> in opus producantur. </s> <s>Sic habitam iubet Cato exi <lb/>mi producique ad &longs;olem luna decre&longs;cente et po&longs;t meridiem / decre <lb/>&longs;centi&longs;que lunæ ip&longs;ius quatuor proximos dies quibus plena fuerit / <lb/>improbat admonetque ne au&longs;tro flante educatur/ Et cum eduxeris <lb/>cauendum ne trahas per rorem: ne ue <expan abbr="rorul&etilde;tam">rorulentam</expan> aut gelidam aut <lb/>non u&longs;que quaque &longs;iccam doles aut perfindas &longs;erra. </s> <s>Materiem ui&longs;us <lb/>e&longs;t puta&longs;&longs;e Theophra&longs;tus non ante triennium bene ex&longs;iccatam fo <lb/>re ad a&longs;&longs;eres præ&longs;ertim et ualuarum u&longs;um. </s> <s>Operi ædificiorum <lb/>commodi&longs;&longs;imas putant arbores has/Cerrum/Quercum/robora/ <lb/>e&longs;culum/populum/tilium/Salicem/Alnum/Fraxinum/Pinum <lb/>Cupre&longs;&longs;um/Olea&longs;trum/Oleam/Ca&longs;taneam/Laricem/Euxum: <lb/>et Cedrum: item & Ebanum & item Vitim. </s> <s>Sed his omnibus ua <lb/>ria e&longs;t natura: et perinde uariis u&longs;ibus commodandæ. </s> <s>Nam aliæ <lb/>&longs;ub diuo cæteris præ&longs;tant: alie in umbra &longs;eruantur. </s> <s>aliæ nitent ae <lb/>re: aliæ dure&longs;cunt inter aquas & defo&longs;&longs;e æterniores &longs;unt: lccirco <lb/>hæ lamiis a&longs;&longs;eribus &longs;culturis inte&longs;tini&longs;que operibus / alteræ tignis <lb/>et trabibus: reliquæ &longs;ubdiualibus <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tis">pauimentis</expan> <expan abbr="fer&etilde;dis">ferendis</expan> et <expan abbr="operim&etilde;tis">operimentis</expan> <lb/>habendis exi&longs;tunt firmiores & præ&longs;ertim Alnus fluuialibus et pa <lb/>lu&longs;tribus palationibus fundamentorum omnes exuperat: et humo <lb/>ris patienti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: Eadem in aere et &longs;olibus non durat. </s> <s>Contra <lb/>e&longs;culus impatiens e&longs;t humoris. </s> <s>Vlmus aere et in propatulo <expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;a">den&longs;a</expan> <lb/>tur: alibi panditur et non per&longs;i&longs;tit. </s> <s>Picea & item pinus &longs;i terra ob <lb/>ruantur æterna &longs;unt. </s> <s>At robur quidem quod &longs;pi&longs;&longs;a et neruo&longs;a &longs;it <lb/>et den&longs;a minuti&longs;que foraminibus predita humorem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> recipiens <lb/>terrenis quibu&longs;que ædificationibus per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> apti&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: maximeque<lb/>po&longs;ita ut ferat pondera erit/tum quidem pro columna admodum <lb/>ualidi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Verum huic natura cum tantam immi&longs;erit duritiem <lb/>ut pterebrari nequeat ni&longs;i madefacta/tamen affirmant &longs;upra <expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e incon&longs;tantem et rituo&longs;am fieri et contorquere &longs;e &longs;e: <expan abbr="eandemque&etilde;t">eandemque<lb/>ent</expan> aqua marina facile <expan abbr="corrũpi">corrumpi</expan>. </s> <s>Id oleæ et ilici et olea&longs;tri /quæ cete <lb/>ris in rebus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> robore conueniunt non accidit ut aqs <expan abbr="cõmaceren&ttilde;">commacerentur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Quercus nullo &longs;enio <expan abbr="confici&ttilde;/qa">conficitur/qa</expan> <expan abbr="intimũ">intimum</expan> &longs;ucco&longs;a <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> et prope uti ui <lb/>rens &longs;it: Fagum item et iuglandem aquis non u&longs;que <expan abbr="corrũpi">corrumpi</expan> & <expan abbr="īter">inter</expan> <pb/>principales quæ defodiantur <expan abbr="annumerãt">annumerant</expan>. </s> <s>Suber item ad u&longs;um co <lb/>lumnarum et pinus &longs;ilue&longs;tris & morus & acer & ulmus non inuti <lb/>les &longs;unt. </s> <s>Trabeationibus et tignis aptam put<gap/>t Thcofra&longs;tus <expan abbr="nuc&etilde;">nucem</expan> <lb/>eaboicam: quod ea quidem ante&quml; rump. </s> <s>tur/&longs;onitu &longs;ignum det: <lb/>Exque eo factum olim ut ex b<gap/>lneo ap<gap/> Andrum qui incrant om <lb/>nes incolumes ab ruina tectorum &longs;ccuta effugerint. </s> <s>Sed omnium <lb/>op<gap/>ma abies: Nam cum proc<gap/>ritate & amplitudine primaria &longs;it <lb/>tum rigore naturali contenta <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> facile oneribus pre&longs;&longs;antibus flec <lb/>titur: &longs;ed directa inuictaque permanet: A <gap/>de quod facilis e&longs;t et parie <lb/>tibus &longs;uo pondere non mole&longs;ta. </s> <s>Hu<gap/> uni plutimæ a&longs;eribuntur <lb/>laudes: plures de &longs;e præ&longs;<gap/>are utili<gap/>s aff<gap/> mant. </s> <s>Vnum tamen <lb/>illi e&longs;&longs;e uitium non n<gap/>gant: quod perf<gap/>cile ad &longs;e flammas admit <lb/>t<gap/>t: atque ignibus inf<gap/>n&longs;a &longs;it: Huic non po&longs;tponitur contignandis <lb/>edibus cupre&longs;&longs;us arbos alioqu<gap/>n eiu&longs;modi ut inter no&longs;tras arbores <lb/>primariam et præcipuam &longs;ibi laudem uendicet. </s> <s>Hanc ueteres in <lb/>ter clari&longs;&longs;imas computabant non ul<gap/>mam ab cedro atque ebano. <lb/></s> <s>Cupre&longs;&longs;umque apud indos prope inter aromata uenerantur: et me <lb/>rito id quidem: Laudent qui uelint amoniam chiam & <expan abbr="cirenaicã">cirenaicam</expan>: <lb/>quam e&longs;&longs;e æternam prædicat Theophra&longs;tus: Vtrum/odore/nito <lb/>re. </s> <s>robore/magnitudine/rectitudine/perhennitate: His omnibus <lb/>in laudibus quam tu illi arborem comparabis: Cariem & uetu&longs;ta <lb/>tem penitus nihil &longs;entire cupre&longs;&longs;um affirmant: et rimam &longs;ponte <lb/>haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> capere: Ea nimirum de re Plato legas publicas: atque<lb/>in&longs;tituta in &longs;acris ponendas cen&longs;ebat tabulis cupre&longs;&longs;inis/ quod &longs;u <lb/>turas forte æterniores putabat &qgrave; ære. </s> <s>Hic locus admonet ut refe <lb/>ram memoratu digna/quæ de cupre&longs;&longs;u ip&longs;a legerim & uiderim: <lb/>Valuas cup re&longs;&longs;as in templo æphe&longs;iæ Dianæ annos dura&longs;&longs;e qua <lb/>dringentos te&longs;tantur: & eas &longs;erua&longs;&longs;e nitorem: adeo ut nouas per <lb/>petuo diceres. </s> <s>Nos Romæ ad Petri ba&longs;ilicam uidimus/cum ab <lb/>Eugenio pontifice maximo ualue re&longs;tituerentur/ubi <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ma <lb/>nus iniuriam rapiendo argento quo olim fuerant ue&longs;titæ / non in <lb/>tuli&longs;&longs;ent/&longs;olidas & integerrimas annos plus quingentos quinqua <lb/>ginta perdura&longs;&longs;e: Nam &longs;i recte annales pontificium urbis Romæ <lb/>iaterpretamur / tot ab Adriani tertii Pontificis temporibus <pb/>qui eas po&longs;uit ad quartum Eugenium &longs;unt. </s> <s>Itaque contignationi <lb/>bu&longs; faciundis Abietem probant: & cupre&longs;&longs;um una re forta&longs;&longs;is pre <lb/>ferunt qd &longs;it æternior: Sed e&longs;t abiete grauior <expan abbr="probãt">probant</expan> et <expan abbr="pinũ">pinum</expan> et pice <lb/>am. </s> <s>Pinum enim abiete per&longs;imilem e&longs;&longs;e contra iniectum pondus <lb/>reniti putant: Sed inter pinum atque abietem cum cætera tum hoc <lb/>intere&longs;t/ quod terebinæ abies eo leditur minus quo e&longs;t pinus quidem <lb/>&longs;ucco <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> Abies dulciori. </s> <s>Ego nulli po&longs;tponenda<gap/> puto &longs;aricem <lb/>hanc equidem &longs;tructurarum <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> fir mi&longs;&longs;ime & diuti&longs;&longs;ime &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tenta&longs;&longs;e cum alibi tum apud Venetias ex uetu&longs;tis fori operibus <lb/>annotauimus. </s> <s>Atqui eam quidem de &longs;e præ&longs;tare utilitates cunc <lb/>tas/quas cætere præ&longs;tent arbores affirman<gap/>. </s> <s>Neruo&longs;a e&longs;t: uirium <lb/>tenax: in tempe&longs;tatibus firmi&longs;&longs;ima: aduer&longs;us cariem ille&longs;a. </s> <s>Ve <lb/>tus opinio hanc contra ignium iniurias <expan abbr="inuictã">inuictam</expan> & prope ille&longs;am <lb/>per&longs;i&longs;tere/Quin & obiciendos ex larice a&longs;&longs;es eo uer&longs;us unde igni <lb/>um aduentitium malum extime&longs;cas iubent: Sed nos eam uidi <lb/>mus incen&longs;am ardere/ramen ita ut fiammas d<gap/>dignari: ea&longs;que uel <lb/>le ab &longs;e di&longs;cutere uideatur. </s> <s>Vnum habere con&longs;tat uitium: nam a <lb/>quis marinis redditur teredini obnoxia. </s> <s>Inutiles <expan abbr="trabeatioĩbus">trabeatioimbus</expan> fo <lb/>re prædicant robora & oleam/quod grauia &longs;int: quod cedant pon <lb/>deri & prope &longs;ponte &longs;ua deflectantur: tum & quæ facilius <expan abbr="frangũ">frangum</expan> <lb/>tur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> findantur ad i&longs;tos trabeationum u&longs;us utilia non &longs;unt/uti e&longs;t <lb/>olea & ficus & tilia et &longs;alicta et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Mirum quod de pal <lb/>ma <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;euerant/cõtra">a&longs;&longs;euerant/contra</expan> &longs;uperimpo&longs;itum <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> reniti et in diuer&longs;um <lb/>curuari. </s> <s>Subdiualibus <expan abbr="trabeatõibus">trabeatonibus</expan> et tecturis iuniperum omnibus <lb/>præferunt: & huic ait Plinius <expan abbr="eand&etilde;">eandem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> atque cedro/Sed <lb/>&longs;olidiorem. </s> <s>Tum et oleam infinitam habere æternitatem prædi <lb/>cant: & Buxum etiam inter primarias annumerant: Ca&longs;tancam <lb/>quidem tam et &longs;i pandat et torqueatur/non tamen inhis operibus <lb/>quæ &longs;ub diuo e&longs;&longs;e oporteat/recu&longs;ant. </s> <s>Probant & in primis olea <lb/>&longs;trum ea maxime re qua & Cupre&longs;&longs;um quod cariem non &longs;entiat: <lb/>quo in numero &longs;unt arbores/quibus in&longs;itus & in&longs;u&longs;us unctuo&longs;us <lb/>& gummo&longs;us &longs;uccus e&longs;t præ&longs;ertim amar: us Eiu&longs;modi enim Ver <lb/>mem negan<gap/> admittere et aduertitias humiditates excludere in <lb/>promptu e&longs;t. </s> <s>Contrariam his putant materiem omnem: <pb/>quæ dulci &longs;it &longs;ucco prædita: & quæ facile incendatur. </s> <s>Ab his ta <lb/>men excipiunt oleam et olea&longs;trum. </s> <s>Cerrum aut et fagum natura <lb/>imbecillem e&longs;&longs;e contra tempe&longs;tatem & non peruenire ad uenu&longs;ta <lb/>tem affirmat Vitruuius. </s> <s>Plinius quercum item celeriter ait mar <lb/>ce&longs;cere. </s> <s>Ad reliqua uero inte&longs;tina opera <expan abbr="naluarum/lectorum/m&etilde;">naluarum/lectorum/men</expan> <lb/>&longs;arum &longs;ub&longs;elliorum et eiu&longs;modi abies egregia e&longs;t: præ&longs;ertim quæ <lb/>ad alpim Italiæ montem excre&longs;cat. </s> <s>Nam hæc arbos natura e&longs;t &longs;ic <lb/>ci&longs;&longs;ima et glutinum per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> tenaci&longs;&longs;ima: E&longs;t & picea et cupre&longs;&longs;us <lb/>his rebus percommoda. </s> <s>Fagum fore alioquin fragilem prædicant <lb/>Sed cap&longs;is lecti&longs;que utilem: & in tenui&longs;&longs;imas &longs;ecari lamina<gap/>: &longs;eca <lb/>ri quoque et ilicem aiunt belli&longs;&longs;ime: Inutiles et a&longs;&longs;eres habendæ <lb/>&longs;unt iuglans/quod facile frangatur/ulmus fraxinu&longs;que: Nam hæ <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <lb/>et &longs;i lente/facile tamen panduntur. </s> <s>Verum <expan abbr="obedienti&longs;&longs;imã">obedienti&longs;&longs;imam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>omnium in opere affirmant fraxinum. </s> <s>Sed nucem demiror non <lb/>multo e&longs;&longs;e in antiquorum monitis celebratiorem/ quando ea qui <lb/>dem ut uidere licet/cum ad cæteros plero&longs;que u&longs;us/tum maxime <lb/>a&longs;&longs;eritiis operibus admodum habilis et pertractabilis e&longs;t. </s> <s><expan abbr="Morũ">Morum</expan> <lb/>laudant cum ob eius æternitatem/tum quod nigre&longs;cat uetu&longs;tate <expan abbr="īdies">indies</expan> <lb/>et fiat gratior. </s> <s>Valuas memorat Theophra&longs;tus con&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e diui <lb/>tes ponere ex loto ilice buxo ue. </s> <s>Vlmum quæ rigorem firmi&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me a&longs;&longs;eruet: ideo portarum cardinibus utilem ducunt: Sed permu <lb/>tari iubent oportere ut &longs;it radix &longs;uperior inuer&longs;o cacumine: Cato <lb/>uectes aquifolios laureo&longs; atque ulmeos fieri iubet: Clauiculis cor <lb/>num comprobant: Gradus ad &longs;calas orno atque acere ponebant: Pi <lb/>nus: Picea: Vlmus ad aquarum ductus intercauabantur: &longs;ed ha&longs; <lb/>ce ni&longs;i terra contegas oci&longs;&longs;ime &longs;ene&longs;cere a&longs;&longs;euerant. </s> <s>Cæterum or <lb/>nandis ædibus laricem feminam quæ colore &longs;imilis e&longs;t melli com <lb/>pertum habent in tabellis pictorum e&longs;&longs;e immortalem: & nullis <lb/>riuis fixilem palmaque ei nerui non in&longs;int tractim: &longs;ed cæ&longs;im. </s> <s>Id <lb/>circo ad &longs;imulacra deorum efficienda utebantur. </s> <s>Tum & uteban <lb/>tur Lotho ac Buxo & Cedro: & item Cupre&longs;&longs;o: et cra&longs;&longs;iore olea <lb/>rum radice/ægyptiaque per&longs;ica: quam e&longs;&longs;e lotho &longs;imilem referunt <lb/>Torno autem &longs;iquid terete reddidi&longs;&longs;e opus erat Fago/Moro/Te <lb/>rebinto: & inprimi&longs; Buxo omnium &longs;pi&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima: <pb/>& egregie tornatili: & ebano omnium gracillima utobantur. <lb/></s> <s>Neque &longs;ignis & tabulis efficiundis a&longs;pernabantur populum albam <lb/>& item nigram: & &longs;alicem & carpinum et &longs;orbum/&longs;ambucum et <lb/>ficum: Quæ arbores cum &longs;iccitate et æquabilitate ad excipienda <lb/>&longs;eruandaque pictorum glutiniamenta et illiniamenta utiles &longs;unt: <lb/>Tum ad formas exprimendas ductibile&longs; quidem atque admodum <lb/>faciles: Verum inter ha&longs;ce omnium molli&longs;&longs;imam æxtare tili <lb/>am in promptu e&longs;t: Sunt qui ad &longs;igna conficienda iuiubam com <lb/>probant: His contraria e&longs;t robur: quando quidem inter &longs;e et cum <lb/>aliis omnibus eiu&longs;modi materiis in&longs;ociabilis omnino: et omnis <lb/>glutini&longs; a&longs;pernatrix &longs;it. </s> <s>Idem uitium e&longs;&longs;e omnibus lactumo&longs;is et <lb/>cri&longs;pis aiunt/ut omne genus glutinamenti abdicent. </s> <s>Ra&longs;ile <expan abbr="itid&etilde;">itidem</expan> <lb/>atque den&longs;um quodque lignum ægre coheret glutino: Quæ item di <lb/>uer&longs;a &longs;unt natura uti e&longs;t Hedera/Laurus/Tiliaque / quod calidæ <lb/>&longs;int/cum his quæ humectis locis na&longs;cuntur: quod eiu&longs;modi om <lb/>nes frigidæ natura &longs;int / diu glutino non cohærent. </s> <s>Vlmus / <lb/>Fraxinus/Morus/ Cera&longs;u&longs;que / quod &longs;iccæ &longs;int cum platano et al <lb/>no / quæ madidæ natura &longs;unt /non conueniunt. </s> <s>Quin & tan <lb/>tum affuit apud maiores / ut natura inter &longs;e non congruentia: <lb/>& contraria glutino connetterent: Vt etiam &longs;imul non iugata: <lb/>Sed hærentia uetuerint coagmentari. </s> <s>Hincillud Vitruuii quod <lb/>e&longs;culeos quidem axes admonet querquinis non iungendos. </s> <s>Ve <lb/>rum ut de his omnibus &longs;ummatim referam: Apud omnes aucto <lb/>res con&longs;tat <expan abbr="infæcũdas">infæcundas</expan> arbores firmiores e&longs;&longs;e fertilibus: Silue&longs;tres <lb/>& manu ferroque non cultas duriores e&longs;&longs;e dome&longs;ticis: Nam &longs;ilue <lb/>&longs;tres quidem in morbos incidere/quibus interimant negat Theo <lb/>phra&longs;tus: Dome&longs;ticas uero: & maxime quæ fructus ferant graui&longs; <lb/>&longs;imis e&longs;&longs;e obnoxias morbis <expan abbr="prædicãt">prædicant</expan>: Et inter feraces præcoques <lb/>&longs;erotinis/ & dulces acutis e&longs;&longs;e imbecilliores &longs;tatuunt: Et inter a <lb/>cutas atque a&longs;peras &longs;olidiores putant eas/quæ fructus acerbiores ra <lb/>riore&longs;que edant: Quæ alternis annis promunt: & quæ penitus &longs;te <lb/>riles &longs;int/feracibus nodo&longs;iores &longs;unt: Et i&longs;tarum quo quæque breui <lb/>or/eo difficilior. </s> <s>Et &longs;teriles magis cre&longs;cunt quam fertiles.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Addunt & eas quæ in propatulo & nulli&longs; neque montibu&longs; tectæ <pb/>neque &longs;ylui&longs;: &longs;ed crebri&longs; uenti&longs; & tempe&longs;tatibu&longs; agitate creuerint/ <lb/>firmiores illas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cra&longs;&longs;iore&longs;que e&longs;&longs;e: &longs;ed breuiores <expan abbr="nodo&longs;iore&longs;que&qtilde;">nodo&longs;iore&longs;que<lb/>quae</expan> quæ in conualle & loco a uenus tuto excreuerint. </s> <s>Tum & arbo <lb/>res ortæ in locis humidis atque opacis molliores putant: &quml; quæ in <lb/>apricis atque &longs;iccis coaluerint. </s> <s>Et quæ ad boream na&longs;can. </s> <s>ur aptio <lb/>res e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quæ a borea ad hau&longs;trum declinent. </s> <s>Et quæ locis a &longs;ua <lb/>natura &longs;int alienis natæ non &longs;ecus atque abortiuas re&longs;puunt. </s> <s>Et me <lb/>ridianas quidem præ duras fore: &longs;ed medullis contor queri & mi <lb/>nus coequabiles præ&longs;tare &longs;e ad opus exequendum: Praterea ari <lb/>das natura atque adcre&longs;cendum tardas robu&longs;tiores e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quæ laxe <lb/>& fecundæ &longs;int. </s> <s>Nam quod in his femineam/ in his uero alteris <lb/>ma&longs;culinam e&longs;&longs;e naturam putabat Varro: & candida quæque li <lb/>gna minus e&longs;&longs;e den&longs;a & magis <expan abbr="tractabilia/&qtilde;">tractabilia/quae</expan> quibus color quiuis <lb/>in&longs;ufus &longs;it. </s> <s>Et pondero&longs;a quidem omnis materia &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior duriorque<lb/>&longs;eui e&longs;t. </s> <s>Et quo quæque leuior/eo e&longs;t fragilior: & quo cri&longs;pior/eo <lb/>a&longs;tructior. </s> <s>Tum quibus natura dederit/ut diutius in uita uige <lb/>ant/dedi&longs;&longs;e etiam ut ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;æ tardius corrumpantur. </s> <s>Omni <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>in ligno/quo minus medullæ ine&longs;t / eo natura illi acrior et robu <lb/>&longs;tior e&longs;t: quæ partes ad medullam proximiores &longs;unt / duriores <lb/>hæ quidem cæteris/ac den&longs;iores &longs;unt. </s> <s>quæ cortici propinquiore&longs; <lb/>&longs;unt neruo tenaciore &longs;unt. </s> <s>Et enim in arboribus ueluti in <lb/>animante pro cute e&longs;&longs;e &longs;tatuunt extremum corticem: pro carne <lb/>id quod ad cutem &longs;ube&longs;t: pro o&longs;&longs;e id quod ad medullam circum <lb/>obuoluitur: & nodos in plantis per &longs;imiles e&longs;&longs;e neruis putabat <lb/>Ari&longs;toteles. </s> <s>Ligni partem omnium pe&longs;&longs;imam alburnum depu <lb/>tant/cum alias ob res/tum quod teredinibus infen&longs;a &longs;it. </s> <s>Adde his <lb/>quod partes materiæ/quæ dum &longs;taret arbor ad &longs;olem meridiem ur <lb/>gebatur/aridiores erunt cæteris et gracidiores <expan abbr="tenuiore&longs;que/tam&etilde;">tenuiore&longs;que/tamen</expan> <lb/>den&longs;iores: habebuntque medullam i&longs;ta exparte cortici uiciniorem. <lb/></s> <s>Et quæ item partes telluri et radicibus fuere finitimæ/ &longs;tabunt il <lb/>le quidem cæteris grauiores huius &longs;ignum quod aquis ægre adna <lb/>tabunt: et arboris cuiu&longs;que pars media cri&longs;pior: & maculæ uti <lb/>cunque &longs;int/quo radicibus adiunctiore&longs; eo amfractiore&longs; intima&longs; ta <lb/>men qua&longs;que pte&longs; &longs;upnatibu&longs; con&longs;tantiore&longs; et <expan abbr="c&etilde;modiore&longs;">cemmodiore&longs;</expan> ducunt.</s></p><pb/><p type="main"> <s>Verum in arborum generibus comperio aliquas de quibus opti <lb/>mi &longs;criptores longe miranda referant: Nam uitem quidem &longs;eculo <lb/>rum eternitatem &longs;uperare affirmant. </s> <s>Iouis &longs;imulacrum factum ex <lb/>uite in urbe Populonia ad Ce&longs;aris tempora con&longs;piciebatur &longs;eculis <lb/>permultis incorruptum. </s> <s>Neque ulli e&longs;&longs;e ligno naturam penitus æ <lb/>terniorem omnes prædicant. </s> <s>In Arriana indorum regione haberi <lb/>uites tam cra&longs;&longs;as ait Strabo/ut eius truncum homines uix ample <lb/>xentur bini. </s> <s>Apud Vticam tectum ex cedro &longs;teti&longs;&longs;e annos mille <lb/>ducentos otto & &longs;eptuaginta tradidere. </s> <s>In Hi&longs;pania templo Dia <lb/>næ trabes ex iunipero ab anno ducente&longs;imo ante excidium Troiæ <lb/>u&longs;que ad Hanibalem dura&longs;&longs;e te&longs;tantur. </s> <s>Atqui cedro quidem mira <lb/>e&longs;t natura: &longs;i uti ferunt una hæc arbos clauum non tenet. </s> <s>In monti <lb/>bus qui ad Benacum &longs;unt abieti genus riget: quo &longs;i feceris uas/ni <lb/>prius oleo perunxeris non continebit uinum. </s> <s>Hactenus de arbori <lb/>bus. </s> <s>Parandus e&longs;t etiam lapis qui pro muris habendus &longs;it: is e <lb/>rit duplex: alius qui cementis coaptandis deuinciendi&longs;que: Alius <lb/>qui &longs;tructuræ conueniat. </s> <s>De eo qui ad &longs;tructuram prius: Sed mul <lb/>ta cum breuitatis cau&longs;a/ tum quod nimium trita &longs;unt prætermittam <lb/>Neque i&longs;thic in&longs;i&longs;tam ut phy&longs;ica illa de lapidum primordiis atque <lb/>origine di&longs;putem: ex aquæ ne ac terræ commixtionibus ui&longs;co&longs;a il <lb/>la principia in limum prius: &longs;ubinde in lapidem duruerint: frigo <lb/>ris ne an quod degemmis a&longs;&longs;erunt/caloris ui &longs;oli&longs;que radio den&longs;a <lb/>ta concreuerint/an potius ut rerum aliarum/&longs;ic & lapidum <expan abbr="itid&etilde;">itidem</expan> <lb/>&longs;int a rerum natura indita telluri <expan abbr="&longs;emĩa">&longs;emina</expan>: Colores ne lapidibus ex <lb/>rata terrenorum corpu&longs;culorum cum liquenti aqua confu&longs;ione in <lb/>&longs;int: An ex innata &longs;eminis ip&longs;ius ui: An ex concepta radii impre&longs; <lb/>&longs;ione ad&longs;int. </s> <s>Itaque i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia tam & &longs;i forta&longs;&longs;is aliquid fa <lb/>cerent ad rem exornandam: ea tamen prætermittam: remque <expan abbr="ipãm">ipamm</expan> <lb/>ædificatoriam qua&longs;i inter fabros u&longs;u & arte probatos tractans libe <lb/>rius & &longs;olutius <expan abbr="pro&longs;equar/&qtilde;">pro&longs;equar/quae</expan> exacti&longs;&longs;ime philo&longs;ophantes forta&longs;&longs;is <lb/>po&longs;tulant. </s> <s>Cato lapidem inquit æ&longs;tate eximito: &longs;ub diuo habeto: <lb/>Ante biennium in opus ne ponito: æ&longs;tate quidem / quo uentis & <lb/>gelicidiis & imbribus/reliquisue temporum iniuriis in&longs;ueti lapi <lb/>des &longs;en&longs;im a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cant: Nam lapidem quidem nuper ex fodina hu <pb/>more natiuo & &longs;ucco pregnantem/&longs;i uentorum acerbitati & &longs;ubi <lb/>tis gelicidiis obieceris/findetur atque &longs;oluetur. </s> <s>Sub diuo quo q&longs;que<lb/>lapis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;it ualidus: & contra res aduer&longs;as & lace&longs;centes con&longs;tans <lb/>Primo i&longs;tiu&longs;modi qua&longs;i præludio futuri cum temporis æternita <lb/>te certaminis comprobetur. </s> <s>Non ante biennium quo imbecilles <lb/>natura & qui uitium in opere facturi erant non te lateat & a fir <lb/>mioribus &longs;eparentur: Et enim quocunque in genere lapides inueni <lb/>ri certum e&longs;t inter &longs;e uarios: ita ut alii &longs;ub aere dure&longs;cant: alii pru <lb/>inis a&longs;per&longs;i rubiginem trahant atque di&longs;&longs;oluantur & huiu&longs;modi.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Verum hi quales pro locorum uarietate & natura &longs;int/u&longs;u et ex <lb/>perientia pulcherrime innote&longs;cunt: Vt iam <expan abbr="exueterũ">exueterum</expan> ædificiis cu <lb/>iu&longs;que lapidis uim et uirtutem didici&longs;&longs;e plenius po&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> exphilo&longs;o <lb/>phantium &longs;criptis et monumentis. </s> <s>Tamen de toto lapidum gene <lb/>re ut &longs;ummatim loquar/&longs;ic licebit &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>albus qui&longs;que lapis <lb/>facilior fu&longs;co <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: Tralucidus opaco ductibilior: Et quo qui&longs;que ma <lb/>gis imitabitur &longs;alem/eo erit intractabilior. </s> <s>Harena in&longs;per&longs;us la <lb/>pis collu&longs;tranti a&longs;per e&longs;t. </s> <s>Aureæ &longs;i intermicabunt &longs;cintille/contu <lb/>max. </s> <s>Nigrantes &longs;i ut ita loquar &longs;catent puncti/indomitus. </s> <s>Qui <lb/>guttis e&longs;tangularibus a&longs;per&longs;us/is erit firmior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qui glubo&longs;is: & <lb/>guttæ quo erunt minores/eo erit lapis tollerantior: Et quo cuique<lb/>color purgatior atque limpidior/eo æternior: Et lapidi quo uenarum<lb/>aderit minus/co integrior: Et quo uena ip&longs;a contiguo lapidi colo <lb/>re congruentior/eo æquabilior: et quo tenuior/eo moro&longs;ior: & <lb/>quo amfractior et uolutior/eo au&longs;terior: et quo internodo&longs;ior/eo <lb/>acerbior. </s> <s>Venarum ea e&longs;t apprime fixilis quæ &longs;ui medio lineam <lb/>habuerit ductam rubrica/aut ocrea putrenti proxima ad has erit <lb/>quæ diluto et albe&longs;cente herbaceo colore &longs;par&longs;im fu&longs;cabitur: Om <lb/>nium difficillima quæ glaciem præ&longs;ertim <expan abbr="ceruleã">ceruleam</expan> <expan abbr="imite&ttilde;">imitetur</expan>. </s> <s>Vena <lb/>rum numerum di&longs;&longs;idio&longs;um et incon&longs;tantem <expan abbr="indicãt">indicant</expan>: et quo directio <lb/>res/eo infideliores. </s> <s>Lapis quo di&longs;&longs;ractis glebulis aciem <expan abbr="acutior&etilde;">acutiorem</expan> <lb/>et ter&longs;iorem dederit/eo erit concretior: Et lapis cum defringitur <lb/>cute qui minus extabit a&longs;pera/is erit abilior &longs;cabro: Sed &longs;cabri ip <lb/>&longs;i quo erunt candidiores/eo minus erunt ob&longs;equentes. </s> <s>Et contra <lb/>fu&longs;cus qui&longs;que lapis ubi erit luna minutiore / illic magis ferri <expan abbr="aci&etilde;">aciem</expan> <pb/>a&longs;pernabitur/ignobilis qui&longs;que lapis quo fi&longs;tulo&longs;ior eo durior: Et <lb/>qui aqua a&longs;per&longs;us &longs;ummotenus tardius are&longs;cet/is erit crudior: Et <lb/>grauis qui&longs;que lapis &longs;olidior & expobilior leui: et leuis qui&longs;que fria <lb/>bilior graui: et re&longs;onans dum ferias lapis den&longs;ior e&longs;t &longs;urdo: et qui <lb/>duriter per&longs;ricatus olebit &longs;ulphur/acrior e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qui nihil referat o <lb/>lidi: et quo denique ad &longs;calprum contumacior / eo contra lace&longs;&longs;en <lb/>tes tempe&longs;tates rigidior et con&longs;tantior. </s> <s>Ad fauces fodinæ qui tem <lb/>pe&longs;tatibus per&longs;tructus glebis &longs;e &longs;e grandioribus a&longs;&longs;eruarit / hunc <lb/>firmiorem ducunt. </s> <s>Omnis item lapis ferme cum defoditur mol <lb/>lior e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cum &longs;ub diuo e&longs;t habitus: et humore a&longs;per&longs;us: atque infu <lb/>&longs;us lapis tractabilior ferro <expan abbr="e&longs;t/&qtilde;">e&longs;t/quae</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> exaruerit: Et &longs;uo qui&longs;que lapis <lb/>quo humectiore fodinæ loco exemptus &longs;it/eo cum aruerit erit <expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> <lb/>&longs;ior: et hau&longs;tro flante credunt dolabiriores e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> flante borea: et <lb/>borea urgente facilius findi <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> hau&longs;tro. </s> <s>Verum lapides ip&longs;i qua <lb/>les futuri per ætatem &longs;int/&longs;iquid libeat ocius periculum facere/in <lb/>ditia patebunt hinc. </s> <s>Nam qui aqua commadefactus per <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>ponderi adiecerit/erit is quidem humido di&longs;&longs;olubilis. </s> <s>Qui uero <lb/>igne et flammis pertactus frace&longs;cet: &longs;ub &longs;ole æ&longs;tuque non pdurabit: <lb/>Neque hic prætermittenda cen&longs;eo digna memoratu quædam: quæ <lb/>de non nullis lapidibus ueteres meminere. </s> <s>Nam erit quidem non <lb/>ab re intellexi&longs;&longs;e quantum habeant in &longs;e et uarietatis et admirati <lb/>onis/quo quæque aptis u&longs;ibus decentius accomodentur. </s> <s>Circa uol <lb/>&longs;inen&longs;em et in &longs;tratonen&longs;i agro e&longs;&longs;e lapidem prædicant omnibus <lb/>ædi&longs;iciorum u&longs;ibus accommodati&longs;&longs;imum: cui neque ignis: neque ul <lb/>la tempe&longs;tatum uis noceat: Eundemque e&longs;&longs;e contra tempe&longs;tatem pe <lb/>nitus æternum atque incorruptibilem: et &longs;imulacrorum <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;ta">lineamenta</expan> <lb/>qui diuti&longs;&longs;ime a&longs;&longs;eruet. </s> <s>Cum ex <expan abbr="inc&etilde;diis">incendiis</expan> urbem re&longs;titueret Nero <lb/>&longs;cribit tacitus &longs;axo gabino et albano u&longs;um pro trabibus / quod is la <lb/>pis ignibus imperuius &longs;it: Apud Liguriam et apud Venetias / in <lb/>umbria piceno apudque Belgas &longs;uppeditat albus lapis: quem &longs;erra <lb/>re<gap/>dentata &longs;erra et dolare po&longs;&longs;is perfacile: Et ni alioquin natura e&longs; <lb/>&longs;et inualidus et imbecillis/omnium egre&longs;&longs;us foret in operibus: <lb/>Sed pruina et gelu et a&longs;perugine rumpitur: et contra auras maris <lb/>minime e&longs;t robu&longs;tus. </s> <s>Habet hi&longs;tria lapidem marmori non di&longs;&longs;i <pb/>milem: Sed his uapore et flammis pertactus illico finditur et di&longs; <lb/>&longs;ilit: quam ip&longs;am rem euenire <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;cuerãt">a&longs;&longs;cuerant</expan> cuique lapidi qui fortis &longs;it: <lb/>pre&longs;ertim albo &longs;ilici et item nigro ut igni&longs; ne <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicquae</expan> perferat. </s> <s>In <lb/>Campania lapis e&longs;t fu&longs;co cineri &longs;imillimus: cui etiam mixtos pu <lb/>tes et interiectos e&longs;&longs;e carbones: is quidem &longs;upra <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> po&longs;&longs;is exi&longs;tima <lb/>re pondere leuis e&longs;t & ferro do<gap/>abilis et pror&longs;us tenax/et item con <lb/>&longs;tans: et contra ignes et contra tempe&longs;tates <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> inualidus: &longs;ed ad<gap/>o <lb/>arens & &longs;itiens/ut calcis humores confe&longs;tim ab&longs;orbeat et urct: <lb/>Exhau&longs;taque et uanida pulueris in&longs;tar relinquet illimenta: Hinc <lb/>breui di&longs;&longs;olutis compaginibus labe&longs;cit opus ultro atque corruit. <lb/></s> <s>At lapidi huic natura <expan abbr="cõtrarius">contrarius</expan> e&longs;t globo&longs;us lapis/ præ&longs;ertim qui <lb/>&longs;it fiuuiatilis: nam &longs;emper madens cementis non coheret. </s> <s>Quid il <lb/>lud quod in marmorariis lapidicinis compertum <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> marmora <lb/>excre&longs;cere. </s> <s>Romæ per hæc tempora inuenta &longs;ub tellure &longs;unt fi&longs;tu <lb/>lo&longs;i lapidis tyburtini minutalia unum in &longs;olidum lapidem tempo <lb/>ris terræque ut ita loquar fomento concreui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Ex lacu Reatino ui <lb/>debis quo loci per abruptum illud pra cipitium aqua redundans <lb/>in Nar fluentem corruit ripæ &longs;upremum labrum in dies <expan abbr="cõcreui&longs;">concreui&longs;</expan> <lb/>&longs;e: ut argumentum hinc non nulli &longs;ump&longs;erint ex i&longs;tiu&longs;modi addi <lb/>mento lapidi&longs;que incremento conualle ip&longs;a faucibus ab&longs;tru&longs;a effec <lb/>tam lacum. </s> <s>Sub agro Lucano non longe a Silari fluuio qua par <lb/>te ad orientem uer&longs;us ex altis rupibus aquæ &longs;tillante&longs; defluunt <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>cre&longs;cere in die&longs; uidebi&longs; grandia pendentium lapidum glaceonia/ <lb/>admagnitudinem ut &longs;int corum quodque onu&longs; carrorum per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> plu <lb/>rimorum. </s> <s>I&longs; lapi&longs; recen&longs; & materno &longs;ucco maden&longs; admodum te <lb/>ner e&longs;t: Vbi uero aruerit/fit duri&longs;&longs;imu&longs;: et ad omne&longs; u&longs;u&longs; accom <lb/>modati&longs;&longs;imu&longs;. </s> <s>Id ip&longs;um euenire ex non nulli&longs; ueteribu&longs; aquæduc <lb/>tibu&longs; &longs;pectaui: ut formarum latera concreta quadam gummatione <lb/>lapidi&longs; concru&longs;tetur. </s> <s>In Gallia duo &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e hac ætate licebit di <lb/>gna memoratu: <expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> extat quidem agro Corneliano per alta tor <lb/>renti&longs; ripa: ex qua grande&longs; & plurimi globo&longs;i lapide&longs; terræ ui&longs;ce <lb/>ribu&longs; intimi&longs; concepti pa&longs;&longs;im indie&longs; crebri&longs; loci&longs; parturiuntur. <lb/></s> <s>In agro Fauentino propter lamoni&longs; fluenti ripam ad&longs;unt natura pro<lb/>ten&longs;i ua&longs;ti lapide&longs;: qui non modicam indie&longs; uim &longs;ali&longs; uomant: <pb/>&longs;patioque lapide&longs;cere arbitrentur. </s> <s>In agro florentino ætrurie apud <lb/>Clatim amnem fundus e&longs;t inquo alternis &longs;epteniis prædura qbus <lb/>abunde con&longs;per&longs;us &longs;it/&longs;axa in glebas redeunt. </s> <s>Apud ci&longs;icenos & <lb/>item circa Ca&longs;&longs;andream uerti glebo&longs;am terram in &longs;axa refert Pli <lb/>nius. </s> <s>Inputeolano puluis &longs;uppeditat qui aqua maris dure&longs;cit et fit <lb/>lapis. </s> <s>Toto etiam littore ab oropo u&longs;que Aulidem quicquid mari <lb/>abluatur lapidem fieri & concretum reddi referunt. </s> <s>In Arabia eti <lb/>am glebas ait Diodorus effo&longs;&longs;a terra &longs;uaue olentes: quæ quidem <lb/>ueluti metalla fu&longs;e igni in lapidem uertantur: Addit et ho&longs;ce de <lb/>mum lapides eiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e/ut cum in eos guttæ aquæ pluuiæ ce <lb/>ciderint/iuncturis collique&longs;centibus toto fiant in muro lapis uni <lb/>tus. </s> <s>Sarcophagum quoque lapidem apud Troadem a&longs;iæ defodi fe <lb/>runt/qui fixili uena coniungatur: In hunc lapidem defunctorum <lb/>commi&longs;&longs;a corpora ante diem quadrage&longs;imum tota præter dentes <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ummi a&longs;&longs;erunt: et quod magis mireris/ue&longs;tem calciamentaque<lb/>et eiu&longs;modi una cum corporibus illata uerti in lapidem <expan abbr="prædicãt">prædicant</expan> <lb/>Contrarius huic e&longs;t comites lapis/quo Darium <expan abbr="cõdidi&longs;&longs;e">condidi&longs;&longs;e</expan> <expan abbr="referũt">referunt</expan> <lb/>Is enim corpora præ&longs;eruat integerrima. </s> <s>Sed de his hactenus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Atqui <expan abbr="con&longs;tãt">con&longs;tant</expan> quidem lapidis loco ueteres perlubenter u&longs;os lateri <lb/>bus: credo equidem inopia rerum et nece&longs;&longs;itate ductos homines <lb/>primum u&longs;urpa&longs;&longs;e/ut lateritia ponerent ædificia: quod <expan abbr="po&longs;tea&qtilde;">po&longs;teaquae</expan> a <lb/>nimaduer&longs;um e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id &longs;tructuræ genus opera facile/ad u&longs;um com <lb/>modum/ad gratiam aptum/ad perennitatem firmum con&longs;tan&longs;que<lb/>exi&longs;teret: pro&longs;ecuti &longs;unt cum cætera tum et regias ædes &longs;truere la <lb/>teritias. </s> <s>Demum <expan abbr="po&longs;tea&qtilde;">po&longs;teaquae</expan> &longs;eu ca&longs;u/&longs;eu indu&longs;tria percepere quid i <lb/>gnis ad firmandos den&longs;ando&longs;que lateres ualeret/ te&longs;taceo pa&longs;&longs;im o <lb/>pere omnia attollere per&longs;euerarunt: Et <expan abbr="&qtilde;tũ">quatum</expan> ex uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;true <lb/>turis annotaui: hoc profecto au&longs;im dicere/nihil ad omnis quos ue <lb/>lis ædificationum u&longs;us inueniri commodius latere non crudo/ue <lb/>rum cocto: ubi coquendi & ducendi ratio diligens adhibeatur. <lb/></s> <s>Sed de lateritii operis laude alias. </s> <s>Ad rem fit quod <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> lateri du <lb/>cendo terram probari eam/quæ &longs;it albicans et creto&longs;a: Item proba <lb/>ri quoque rubico&longs;am et eam quæ ma&longs;culus <expan abbr="dici&ttilde;">dicitur</expan> &longs;abulo. </s> <s><expan abbr="Hareno&longs;ã">Hareno&longs;am</expan> <lb/>uero et penitus &longs;abulo&longs;am uitandam et in primis calculo&longs;am <expan abbr="oĩo">oino</expan> <pb/>abigendam &longs;tatuunt: quod huiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="intercoqu&etilde;dum">intercoquendum</expan> di&longs;torque <lb/>antur et perfindantur/tum excocte &longs;ponte &longs;ua <expan abbr="atterrãtur">atterrantur</expan>. </s> <s>Late. </s> <s>es <lb/>non &longs;tatim effo&longs;&longs;a terra ducendos putant: &longs;ed fodi terram autum <lb/>no iubent/commacerari totam per hyemem & uere primo duci. <lb/></s> <s>Nam &longs;i ducas bruma/inpromptu e&longs;t rumo&longs;as fieri gelatu: &longs;in <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> <lb/>&longs;ol&longs;titio/acri æ&longs;tu <expan abbr="find&etilde;tur">findentur</expan> &longs;ummotenus &longs;icci&longs;cendo. </s> <s>quod &longs;i cogat <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;ita&longs; ut perhybernos algores fingas lateres: operito illico &longs;ic <lb/>ci&longs;&longs;ima harena: Sin per æ&longs;tatem feruentem/humectis paleis: nam <lb/>&longs;ic habiti non finduntur neque contorquentur. </s> <s>Sunt qui lateres ui <lb/>tro habere illitos uelint. </s> <s>Id &longs;i iuuabit/cura&longs;&longs;e oportet ne <expan abbr="ducã">ducam</expan><gap/>ur <lb/>ex &longs;abulo&longs;a aut nimium macra arentique terra/ nam uitrum ab&longs;or <lb/>berent. </s> <s>Verum ducendi &longs;unt ex albicanti et creto&longs;a et lenta: <expan abbr="hab&etilde;">habem</expan> <lb/>dique &longs;unt tenues/nam cra&longs;&longs;iores qui forte &longs;int ægre percoquuntur <lb/>et fixura immunes non euadunt. </s> <s>quod &longs;i cra&longs;&longs;iores facere oportebit <lb/>incommodo prouidebitur multa ex parte ubi medias per cra&longs;&longs;itu <lb/>dines uno & item alteris locis &longs;tilo perforabuntut/ quo et &longs;iccari <lb/>et excoqui commodiu&longs; <expan abbr="ualeãt">ualeant</expan> &longs;udore uaporeque per i&longs;tas ip&longs;as qua <lb/>&longs;i æ&longs;tuationes a&longs;pirante. </s> <s>Figuli fictilibus &longs;uperillini<gap/>nt cretam al <lb/>bariam/qua fiat ut uitrum patinis cquabil<gap/>&longs;ime allique&longs;cat incu <lb/>tim: Id etiam operi lateritio conferet. </s> <s>Aduerti ex ueterum ædifi <lb/>ciis inlateribus mixtam e&longs;&longs;e partem non nullam harenæ <expan abbr="præ&longs;ertĩ">præ&longs;ertim</expan> <lb/>rubræ: et rubricam et marmor immi&longs;cere a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e inuenio. </s> <s>Exp <lb/>ti &longs;umus eadem una ex terra reddi latere&longs; multo firmiores/&longs;i uelu <lb/>ti panes facturi ma&longs;&longs;am prius qua&longs;i fermentarimus: demum iterum<lb/>atque iterum &longs;ubactam reddiderimus/ ut &longs;ic <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> cerea / et om <lb/>nibus etiam minutis calculis per purgati&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Dure&longs;cunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>coctura adeo ut multa flamma in &longs;iliceam duritiem uertantur. </s> <s>Et <lb/>lateres &longs;eu fiat igne id dum coquuntur/&longs;eu forte fiat aere dum &longs;ic <lb/>ce&longs;cunt/quæ eadem res euenit panibus/cru&longs;tam adducu<gap/> <expan abbr="&longs;olidã">&longs;olidam</expan> <lb/>Iuuabit igitur tenues facere/quo plus ad&longs;it cru&longs;te/ minus medul <lb/>læ. </s> <s>Et in his experiri licet &longs;i ter&longs;i et perpoliti <expan abbr="a&longs;truantur/durabũt">a&longs;truantur/durabunt</expan> <lb/>ille &longs;i contra tempe&longs;tates quod cui uis lapidum æque eueniet / ut <lb/>ter&longs;i &longs;cabritie non exedantur: Atqui te&longs;tas quidem tergendas pu <lb/>tant aut nuper exemptas ex fornace ante <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> commaduerint / aut &longs;i <pb/>madent <expan abbr="ante&qtilde;">antequae</expan> &longs;icce&longs;cant. </s> <s>Nam &longs;emel madida atque rur&longs;us ex&longs;icca <lb/>ta dure&longs;cit te&longs;ta adeo ut ferri aciem delimet atque con&longs;umat. </s> <s>Sed <lb/>nos commodius proxime ductam & adhuc urentem radimus. </s> <s>At <lb/>qui laterum tria apud ueteres fuerunt genera: Vnum longum &longs;ex <lb/>quipede latum pedem: Alterum palmos quinque quoque uer&longs;us: ter <lb/>tium palmos non plus quatuor. </s> <s>Videmus in ædificiis te&longs;tas p<gap/>æ <lb/>&longs;ertim ad arcus et nexuras pedes qua&longs;que uer&longs;us latas binos. </s> <s>His <lb/>non æquæ u&longs;os ueteres publicis atque priuatis operibus <expan abbr="recitãt">recitant</expan>: &longs;ed <lb/>maioribus publica/minoribus priuata &longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e ædificia. </s> <s>De his <lb/>quoque annotaui cum alibi in ueterum monumentis: tum uia appia <lb/>alia atque alia extare maiorum & minorum laterum genera: qbus <lb/>uarie uterentur: ut non modo quicquid ad utilitatem/uerum <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>quicquid ad gratiam aptum et condecens uenerit in mentem: id <lb/>&longs;edulo uolui&longs;&longs;e perficere arbitror: Vt cætera omittam lateres ui <lb/>di longos digitos non plus &longs;ex/cra&longs;&longs;os unum/latos tris: Sed his <lb/>poti&longs;&longs;imum pauimenta &longs;picatim in&longs;ternebant. </s> <s>Præcæteris mihi <lb/>probantur trianguli/quos faciebant hunc in modum: Laterem e <lb/>nim quaque uer&longs;us pedali amplitudinem ducebant cra&longs;&longs;um <expan abbr="digitũ">digitum</expan> <lb/>et &longs;emis hunc dum uirebat duabus lineis diameti alibus ab <expan abbr="ãgulo">angulo</expan> <lb/>ad oppo&longs;itum angulum &longs;ignabant linea profunda/quæ u&longs;que dimi <lb/>diam lateris cra&longs;&longs;icudinem &longs;cinderet. </s> <s>Hinc igitur quatuor habe <lb/>bantur trianguli æquales: Lateres has præ&longs;tabant commoditates: <lb/>Nam minus capiebant cretæ/coaptabantur in fornace/ eximeban <lb/>tur/deferebantur in opus habilius: puta qui una manu quatuor ha <lb/>berentur: Hos faber leui ictu inter ab&longs;truendum alterum ab alte <lb/>ro diuidebat: Hi&longs;que per frontes parietum ordines inducebat late <lb/>re pedali extrin&longs;ecus ut pateret: Angulo uero intror&longs;us obiecto/ <lb/>Ex quo impen&longs;a quidem minor/opus gratius/&longs;tructura firmior <lb/>reddebatur: Nam cum toto pariete nulli non integri ade&longs;&longs;e late <lb/>res apparerent: tum anguli dentatim infarturis parietum illigati <lb/>opus firmi&longs;&longs;imum reddebant. </s> <s>Ductos lateres ne illico in <expan abbr="fornac&etilde;">fornacem</expan> <lb/>imponas iubent/ni per&longs;icci &longs;int: et non ante biennium &longs;iccos red <lb/>di: & in umbra commodius &longs;iccari <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in &longs;ole a&longs;&longs;erunt: Sed de his <lb/>quoque hactenus/ni forte addas/quod annotauere terram ad huius <pb/>modi opera quæ pla&longs;tica <expan abbr="nũcupantur">nuncupantur</expan> probari inter egregias &longs;ami <lb/>am arretinam et mutinen&longs;em. </s> <s>In Hi&longs;pania pergameam: In A&longs;ia <lb/>unum hic breuitatis gratia non prætermittam/quæque de &longs;ateribus <lb/>u&longs;que dicta &longs;unt. </s> <s>Eadem in tegulis tectorum atque imbricibus: atque<lb/>tubulis: atque omni denique pla&longs;tico fictilique opere fore ob&longs;eruanda. <lb/></s> <s>Diximus de lapide: Sequitur ut de calce dicendum &longs;it.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Calcem ex uario lapide Cato cen&longs;orius improbat: Et calcem quæ <lb/>fiat ex &longs;ilice ad omne opus damnat. </s> <s>Tum et ad calcem efficien <lb/>dam uebementer e&longs;t in utilis lapis qui&longs;quis exhau&longs;tus / arridus / <lb/>putrens/in quo excoquendo ignis non inueniat quid ab&longs;um<gap/>at: <lb/>quales &longs;unt tofin<gap/>i: et qui circa Romam agro fidenate atque albano <lb/>&longs;ubruffi atque pallentes &longs;unt. </s> <s>Tertia enim parte &longs;ui ponderis &quml; &longs;u <lb/>us fuerat lapis leuior &longs;it calx oportet ea/quam periti probent.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Quin et lapis nimium &longs;icco&longs;us et natura et natura madens/quod <lb/>&longs;ub igne uitre&longs;eat/haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> e&longs;t ad calcem efficiendam utilis. <lb/></s> <s>Viridis inquit Plinius/lapis igni uebementer re&longs;: &longs;tit. </s> <s>At nos de <lb/>porphirite lapide compertum habemus/non modo flammis non <lb/>excoqui/uerum et contigua quæque circumhereant &longs;axa <expan abbr="ĩtra">intra</expan> forna <lb/>cem reddere/ut ignibus ne quicq &longs;atis excoquantur. </s> <s>Atqui & <lb/>terrico&longs;am quoque lapidem/quod calcem impuram reddat/re&longs;pu <lb/>unt. </s> <s>Sed calcem in primis laudant uetere&longs; architecti: quæ de lapi <lb/>de fiat præduro et admodum &longs;pi&longs;&longs;o & præ&longs;ertim albo: Hanc. </s> <s>n. <lb/></s> <s>cum cæteris u&longs;ibus non incommodam: tum maxime te&longs;tudinibus <lb/>firmi&longs;&longs;imam ducunt: Secundo loco probant calcem eam: quæ &longs;it <lb/>ex lapide alioquin non leui et putri: &longs;ed fi&longs;tulo&longs;o: Hanc enim ad <lb/>opus tectorum e&longs;&longs;e omnium præcipuam & cæteri&longs; ductibiliorem <lb/>et reddere opera &longs;plendidiora cen&longs;ent. </s> <s>Vidimus & in Gallia u&longs;<gap/>s <lb/>architectos calce non <expan abbr="alia/&qtilde;">alia/quae</expan> quæ facta &longs;it ex collectitio <expan abbr="torrertiũ">torrertium</expan> <lb/>&longs;axo globo&longs;o/fu&longs;co/præduro & eiu&longs;modi ut po&longs;&longs;is putare <expan abbr="&longs;ilic&etilde;">&longs;ilicem</expan> <lb/>eam tamen in opere tum &longs;axo tum lateribus multa per tempora e <lb/>gregiam præ&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e firmitatem con&longs;tat. </s> <s>Inuenio apud Plinium e <lb/>am quæ fiat ex molari lapide calcem e&longs;&longs;e natura pinguientam: id <lb/>circo ad omnes u&longs;us percommodam. </s> <s>Nos experto intelleximus <lb/>eum molarem lapidem qui guttatim &longs;ale a&longs;per&longs;us <expan abbr="&etilde;/cũ">en/cum</expan> rudior <pb/>ac perinde aridior &longs;it non &longs;uccedere Eum uero alterum &longs;alibus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>mixtum/qui &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior et limacum frangatur tenuiore e&longs;t puluere/ <lb/>&longs;uccedere: Sed lapis uticunque &longs;it/ad calcem effo&longs;&longs;us utilior erit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>collectitius: et ex umbro&longs;a humentique fodina exemptus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ex aren <lb/>ti: et ex albo ductibilior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ex fu&longs;co. </s> <s>In Galliis apud marittimas <lb/>eduorum regiones calcem lapidis inopia exo&longs;tricis conchilii&longs;que ef <lb/>ficiunt: E&longs;t et calcis genus gip&longs;um: fit enim et ip&longs;um lapide excoc <lb/>to: tam & &longs;i Cypro et Thebis fodi gip&longs;um referunt &longs;umma tellu <lb/>re &longs;olibus concrematum. </s> <s>Sed gip&longs;eus omnis lapis a calcis lapidi <lb/>bus differt/quod tenerrimus &longs;it/friabilis/præter unum/qui in &longs;y <lb/>ria foditur: Nam prædurus quidem e&longs;t. </s> <s>Differunt <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> quod gip <lb/>&longs;eus lapis horis non plus uiginti. </s> <s>Qui uero lapis ad calcem e&longs;t / <lb/>horis non minus &longs;exaginta coquitur. </s> <s>Gip&longs;i quatuor aduerti e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>per Italiam &longs;pecies: harum dua tralucidæ/duæ non tralucidæ. <lb/><gap/>ralucidarum una glebis aluminis/&longs;eu potius alaba&longs;tro e&longs;t &longs;imi <lb/>lis: hanc &longs;quameolam <expan abbr="nũcupant/quod">nuncupant/quod</expan> tenui&longs;&longs;imis qua&longs;i &longs;quamis <lb/>coherentibus et paginatim compre&longs;&longs;is con&longs;tet: Altera &longs;quameo&longs;a <lb/>quoque e&longs;t: &longs;ed magis &longs;ali &longs;imilis fu&longs;co <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> alumini. </s> <s>Non tralucida <lb/>rum autem <expan abbr="&longs;p&etilde;s">&longs;pens</expan> ambæ cretam dens obden&longs;atam imitantur <lb/>Sed e&longs;t altera albicans et &longs;uppallens: altera pallori &longs;uffu&longs;um colo <lb/>rem habet ruffum. </s> <s>Po&longs;tremæ prioribus den&longs;iores inter po&longs;tremas <lb/>&longs;ubruffa tenacior. </s> <s>Inter priores quæ purior/ea candidiora & <expan abbr="&longs;pl&etilde;">&longs;plem</expan> <lb/>didiora indealbariis operibus &longs;igilla et coronas præ&longs;tat. </s> <s>Apud <lb/>Ariminum gip&longs;um inuenies &longs;olidum/ut dicas e&longs;&longs;e id marmor: <lb/>aut alaba&longs;trum: ex eo iu&longs;&longs;i tabul<gap/>s &longs;erra dentata &longs;errari ad opus <lb/>cru&longs;tationum commodi&longs;&longs;imas. </s> <s>Omne gip&longs;um nequid prætermit <lb/><expan abbr="tã/malleis">tan/malleis</expan> ligneis affligi et <gap/>teri/u&longs;que <expan abbr="infarinã">infarinam</expan> <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan>: loco &longs;icei&longs; <lb/>&longs;imo accumulatum &longs;eruari/&longs;tatim produci/aqua celerrime infun <lb/>di confe&longs;tim ad opus adigi oportet: Calx contra: non enim tun <lb/>&longs;am uerum ex gleba infundi: et multo quidem ante commacera <lb/>ri oportet aqua exhuberante prius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in opus præ&longs;ertim tectorum <lb/>immi&longs;ceas quo &longs;iqua forta&longs;&longs;is gleba parum fuerit ignibus excoc <lb/>ta maceratione diutina &longs;oluatur atque lique&longs;cat. </s> <s>Nam cum recens <lb/>et non penitus proluta et commacerata &longs;ummitur / quod in ea &longs;it <pb/>latentes &longs;uberudi aliqui calculi/euenit ut hi quidem indies putre <lb/>&longs;can<gap/>: et &longs;ubinde <expan abbr="emittãt">emittant</expan> pu&longs;tulas/quibus omnis expolitio <expan abbr="uitie&ttilde;">uitietur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Adde quod calce non uno &longs;imul ut ita loquar proluuio infundere <lb/>&longs;ed &longs;en&longs;im oportet madefacere alteris atque alteris/atque <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> alteris <lb/>a&longs;p&longs;ionibus/quoad plane &longs;it ebria reddita. </s> <s>Dehinc loco humecto <lb/>et &longs;ub umbra pura &longs;ine ulla rerum <expan abbr="aliarũ">aliarum</expan> mixtura/et nihil plus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ũmotenus">&longs;ummotenus</expan> leui operta harena <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruãda">a&longs;&longs;eruanda</expan> e&longs;t/ quoad temporis mo <lb/>ra liquidius fermentetur. </s> <s>Et compertum quidem habent calcem <lb/>diuturna huiu&longs;modi fermentatione multum ad uirtutem augerc. <lb/></s> <s>No; quidem ueteribus ac de&longs;tituti&longs;&longs;imis in &longs;criptis <expan abbr="relictã/">relictan/</expan> po&longs;t <lb/>annos uti ex multis coniecturis p&longs;picue <expan abbr="patebat/quing&etilde;tos">patebat/quingentos</expan> nuper <lb/>inuentam uidimus madidam et liquentem/et ut ita loquar matu <lb/>ram adeo ut mollitie mella o&longs;&longs;iumque medullas longe &longs;uperaret: <lb/>Atque ea quidem ad <expan abbr="qu&etilde;uis">quenuis</expan> u&longs;um non e&longs;t ut putes <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> po&longs;&longs;e <lb/>quippiam inueniri. </s> <s>Duplum refert &longs;ic habita harenarum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quæ <lb/>recenter extincta mi&longs;ceatur. </s> <s>In his igitur calx atque gip&longs;um no con <lb/>ueniunt/in cæteris <expan abbr="cõueniunt">conueniunt</expan>. </s> <s>Illico enim eximas ex fornace: ac <lb/>&longs;ub umbra et &longs;icco in loco habeas/mox infundas oportet: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> &longs;iue <lb/>fornace ip&longs;a/&longs;iue alibi ad auram ad lunam/ad &longs;olem ad&longs;eruetur: <lb/>præ&longs;ertim æ&longs;tate oci&longs;&longs;ime re&longs;oluetur in cinere m/et fiet inutilis. <lb/></s> <s>Hactenus de his. </s> <s>Fornacibus lapidem ne imponas monent ni con <lb/>fregeris/ ita ut &longs;int fru&longs;ta glebis non minora/ &longs;ino illud quod fa <lb/>cilius <expan abbr="coquan&ttilde;">coquantur</expan>. </s> <s>Compertum quidem e&longs;t mediis in lapidibus præ <lb/>&longs;ertim globo&longs;is interdum ade&longs;&longs;e uacuas aliquas concauitates: qui <lb/>bus <gap/>er inclu&longs;us <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> afferat <expan abbr="detrim&etilde;ti">detrimenti</expan>: Nam &longs;uccen&longs;o forna <lb/>cibus igne fit ut i&longs;tic &longs;eu frigore intror&longs;us ab&longs;cedente aer per&longs;trin <lb/>gatur/ &longs;eu in cale&longs;cente <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> lapide idem ip&longs;us aer in uaporem <lb/>exaugeatur/fit <expan abbr="in&qtilde;">inquae</expan> ut <expan abbr="cõtume&longs;cat">contume&longs;cat</expan> et quaque uer&longs;us pfracto carcere <lb/>quo cohercebatur imani &longs;onitu acrique impetu <expan abbr="erumpat/totãque">erumpat/totanque</expan> for <lb/>nacis congeriem di&longs;turbet atque peruertat. </s> <s>Et &longs;unt qui lapidibus <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi uiderunt media intus uigere animantia cum alia et di <lb/>uer&longs;a/tum uermes pilo&longs;o dor&longs;o et multipedes/qui quidem forna <lb/>cibus &longs;oleant di&longs;pendium afferre. </s> <s>Neque hic <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ubiungam digna <lb/><expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> memoratu d rebus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi/ quæ no&longs;tra ætate ui&longs;a <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: <pb/>Non enim hæc &longs;cribimus &longs;olum fabris/uerum et &longs;tudio&longs;is etiam <lb/>rerum dignarum: Qua de re iuuat <expan abbr="ĩtermi&longs;cere">intermi&longs;cere</expan> <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> quæ dele <lb/>ctent: et ab re tamen atque in&longs;tituto aliena <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;int. </s> <s>Martino quinto <lb/><expan abbr="põtifice">pontifice</expan> maximo/allatus extitit anguis reptus latio a fabris apud <lb/>fodinas uitam <expan abbr="duc&etilde;s">ducens</expan> in ua&longs;to quodam <expan abbr="lapide/circũ">lapide/circum</expan> omnibus a&longs;pi <lb/><expan abbr="ram&etilde;tis">ramentis</expan> ob&longs;tru&longs;is: Repertæ et aliquot ranæ/et item cancri/&longs;ed hi <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> mortui. </s> <s>Tum et candidi&longs;&longs;imo marmore in medio per hæc <lb/>tempora frondes <expan abbr="arborũ">arborum</expan> repertas te&longs;tor. </s> <s>Vellinus mons/qui B<gap/>u <lb/>tios a mar&longs;is <expan abbr="diuidit/omuiũ">diuidit/omuium</expan> præcel&longs;us toto uertice calue&longs;cit lapi <lb/>de albo/et rediuiuo illic qua parte in brutios &longs;pectat/pa&longs;&longs;im uide <lb/>bis di&longs;fractos lapides refertos &longs;igillis <expan abbr="conchiliorũ">conchiliorum</expan> maritimorum: <lb/>non amplioribus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut ea &longs;ub uola manus capias. </s> <s>Quid illud? </s> <s>Ex <lb/>agro Veronen&longs;i indies colliguntur &longs;axa cælo &longs;trata &longs;igno quinq <lb/>folio certis et comparibus lineis apti&longs;&longs;ime p&longs;cr ipta atque belli&longs;&longs;ime <lb/>imbricata naturæ arte admirabili et perfinita/ut imitari &longs;ubtilita <lb/>tem operis po&longs;&longs;it pror&longs;us <expan abbr="mortaliũ">mortalium</expan> nemo: Et quod magis mirere <lb/>nullum huiu&longs;modi inucnies lapidem ni&longs;i inuer&longs;um/impre&longs;&longs; mque<lb/>&longs;igni formam obtegentem: quo facile putes naturam non admira <lb/>tioni hominum/&longs;ed &longs;ibi effinxi&longs;&longs;e tantas delitias artificii &longs;ui.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Ad rem redeo. </s> <s>Non hic in&longs;i&longs;tam <expan abbr="refer&etilde;s">referens</expan> quo pacto foci <expan abbr="ue&longs;tibulũ">ue&longs;tibulum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="præfurniũque">præfurniunque</expan> te&longs;tudinare/et <expan abbr="interior&etilde;">interiorem</expan> <expan abbr="igniũ">ignium</expan> &longs;edem coaptare oper <lb/>teat/ ut extuans flamma re&longs;piret/ ut &longs;uis qua&longs;i limitibus coberce <lb/>atur/ut inunum ad opus coquendi confluat tota ignium uis atque<lb/>con&longs;piret. </s> <s>Neque pro&longs;equar quo pacto &longs;en&longs;im &longs;uccendere et ignem <lb/>non intermittere u&longs;que dum <expan abbr="flãma">flamma</expan> ad <expan abbr="&longs;upremũ">&longs;upremum</expan> u&longs;que <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> fumo <lb/>&longs;a exeat: et <expan abbr="&longs;ũmi">&longs;ummi</expan> intra fornacem lapides cande&longs;cant/et coctum la <lb/>pidem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;&longs;e ni&longs;i cum <expan abbr="flãmis">flammis</expan> turgefacta quæ <expan abbr="circũhiarat">circunhiarat</expan> fornax <lb/>&longs;e&longs;e receperit atque per&longs;trinxerit. </s> <s>Mirum inquo naturam &longs;pectes <lb/>elementi. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i calce cocta ignem &longs;ubdemeris/fiet calcaria &longs;en <lb/>&longs;im minus in imo calens/ in &longs;ummo uero magis multo reddetur <lb/>ignita. </s> <s>Nunc quoniam his operibus perficiendis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> calce <expan abbr="tantũ/">tantun/</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="uerũ">uerum</expan> et harena opus <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: de harena ip&longs;a nobis <expan abbr="dicendũ">dicendum</expan> e&longs;t.</s></p><p type="main"> <s><expan abbr="Harenarũ">Harenarum</expan> tria &longs;unt genera/ Fo&longs;&longs;icea/Fluuiatilis/Marina. </s> <s>Om <lb/><expan abbr="niũ">nium</expan> optima fo&longs;&longs;icea. </s> <s>Atque ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> multiplex e&longs;t/Nigra/Cana/ <pb/>rubra et carbunculus et glarco&longs;a. </s> <s>Siquis me roget quidnam e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>harenam &longs;tatuam: fortallis dixero eam e&longs;&longs;e/qua maioribus <expan abbr="cõfra">confra</expan> <lb/>ctis lapidibus minutulis con&longs;tet lapilli&longs;culis: Tamet&longs;i Vitruuio <lb/>placuit harenam/et præ&longs;ertim in ætruria/quam carbunculum di <lb/>cunt/genus e&longs;&longs;e quoddam teraæ ignibus a rerum natura intra <expan abbr="mõ">mom</expan> <lb/>tes inclu&longs;is peru&longs;tæ et redditæ/ut &longs;it iam terra non cocta &longs;olidior <lb/>et tofo ip&longs;o mollior. </s> <s>Verum inter ha&longs;ce omnes harenas <expan abbr="praferũt">praferunt</expan> <lb/>carbunculum. </s> <s>Aduerti romæ publicis ædificiis u&longs;os no in po&longs;tre <lb/>mis rubra: Caua intra fo&longs;&longs;iceas ultima e&longs;t: Glareo&longs;a fundamentis <lb/>farciundis <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> e&longs;t: Sed inter primarias proximo loco <expan abbr="ãnume">annume</expan> <lb/>rant glaream <expan abbr="tenuior&etilde;">tenuiorem</expan> præ&longs;ertim quæ angularis et ab omni terræ <lb/><expan abbr="ĩmixtione">immixtione</expan> <expan abbr="īmunis">immunis</expan> &longs;it: uti e&longs;t quæ apud uilumbros abunde &longs;uppe <lb/>ditat: Subinde harenam probant/quæ ex fluento po&longs;t primam iu <lb/><expan abbr="premã">premam</expan> cutem abrepta eximatur: Et inter fluuiatiles torrentium/ <lb/>et inter ha&longs;ce utilior quæ intra <expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> pronioribus profluuiis &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;titit. </s> <s>Extremo uenit loco harena quæ ex mari excepta &longs;it: et <expan abbr="īter">inter</expan> <lb/>maritimas nigrantem ac uitro&longs;am non omnino uituperant. </s> <s>Apud <lb/>Picentes agro &longs;alernitano harenam ex mari &longs;umptam fo&longs;&longs;iceæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="po&longs;tponũt">po&longs;tponunt</expan>: Sed eius regionis non omni ex littore de&longs;umptam pro <lb/>bant: Nam <expan abbr="cõpertum">compertum</expan> quidem habent littoribus/quæ ad hau&longs;tros <lb/><expan abbr="excipi&etilde;dos">excipiendos</expan> pateant/harenam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> deterrimam: Quæ u<gap/>io <lb/>ad lybicum <expan abbr="&longs;pect&etilde;t">&longs;pectent</expan> littora/ea quidem harenam &longs;erre minime po&longs; <lb/>&longs;imam. </s> <s>At inter maritimas harenas e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõmodiorem">commodiorem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;tat/quæ">cen&longs;tat/quæ</expan> <lb/>ad rupes &longs;ub&longs;ideat: grano ue cra&longs;&longs;iore &longs;it. </s> <s>Atqui <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> harene qui <lb/>dem cur <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="differãt">differant</expan> inter &longs;e: <expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> marina inharc&longs;cit difficile et <lb/>&longs;al&longs;ugine di&longs;&longs;olubilis made&longs;cit <expan abbr="cõtinuo">continuo</expan> atque &longs;ubfluit: Inde igitur <lb/>onera ægre et <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> fidi&longs;&longs;ime &longs;u&longs;tinet. </s> <s>Fluuiatilis quoque humecti <lb/>or e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> fo&longs;&longs;icea: eaque de re ductibilior et tectoriis habilior. </s> <s>Fo&longs;&longs;i <lb/>cea propter <expan abbr="pinguedin&etilde;">pinguedinem</expan> tenacior: &longs;ed facit rimas: ea de re c&untilde; came <lb/>rationibus <expan abbr="adigunt/nõ">adigunt/non</expan> ad tectoria. </s> <s>Sed erit harena optima &longs;uo in <lb/>genere quæque fricata et p&longs;tricta manibus &longs;tridorem faciat: et quæ <lb/>in candidam ue&longs;tem excepta non coinquinabit: neque terram &longs;ub&longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="dent&etilde;">dentem</expan> relinquet. </s> <s>Contra erit harena <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> bona: quæ per &longs;e lenis et re <lb/><expan abbr="quie&qtilde;">quiequae</expan> a&longs;pera: et colore odoreque luteam <expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> <expan abbr="imite&ttilde;">imitetur</expan>: quæ ue intra <pb/><expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> exagitata/aquam reddet <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> turbulentam et limo&longs;am: <lb/>quæ ue in area relicta ilico herbe&longs;cet: eritque <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> bona/que dudum <lb/>conuecta diu extiterit &longs;ub aere ad &longs;olem et lunam et pruinas: nam <lb/>terrico&longs;a efficitur et putris: et perinde cum ad producenda aibu <lb/>&longs;cula et caprificos parata: tum ad continendam &longs;tructuram infir <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;ima.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Diximus de materia/lapide/calce/et harena: quæ a maioribus pro<lb/>barentur. </s> <s>Sed locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> omnibus dabitur/ut ea pro in&longs;tituto rebus <lb/>agendis <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> et parabilia <expan abbr="ĩueniamus">inueniamus</expan>. </s> <s>A&longs;iam aiebat Cicero pro <lb/>pter copiam marmoris/&longs;emper ædificiorum et &longs;ignorum gloria <lb/>florui&longs;&longs;e: At marmora locis omnibus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> inuenies: alibi aut nullus <lb/>e&longs;t lapis: aut &longs;i e&longs;t/is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad omnem u&longs;um e&longs;t habilis. </s> <s>Tota <lb/>italia ab ea parte quæ ad meridiem uergit/fo&longs;&longs;iceam reperiri hare <lb/>nam te&longs;tantur: ab apennino citra non reperiri. </s> <s>Babylones inquit <lb/>Plinius bitumine: Carthaginen&longs;es luto utuntur. </s> <s>Alibi omnino la <lb/>pidis inopia cratibus et argilla <expan abbr="ædificãt">ædificant</expan>. </s> <s>Budinos refert Herodo <lb/>tus cum priuatas/tum etiam publicas ædes non re alia ædificare <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ligno: ut etiam urbis moenia atque ip&longs;a deorum &longs;imulacra &longs;int <lb/>apud eos lignea. </s> <s>Neuros ligno penitus carere ait Mella: ut ligno <lb/>rum loco &longs;uccedere cogantur o&longs;&longs;a. </s> <s>Aegypto iumentorum &longs;ege&longs;ti <lb/>onibus focum fouent. </s> <s>Hine e&longs;t ut alii alia &longs;ibi habere pro nece&longs;&longs;i <lb/>tate et rerum oportunitate diuer&longs;oria cogantur. </s> <s>Apud ægyptios <lb/>&longs;unt qui uel regias domos harundinibus: apud Indos qui <expan abbr="cætarũ">cætarum</expan> <lb/>co&longs;tis &longs;ibi <expan abbr="ædific&etilde;t">ædificent</expan>. </s> <s>Apud Dedaliam in Sardis &longs;uffo&longs;&longs;a tellure ha <lb/>bitare &longs;cribit Diodorus. </s> <s>Carris Arabiæ oppido muros domo&longs;que<lb/>ma&longs;&longs;is efficiunt &longs;alis. </s> <s>Sed de his alias. </s> <s>Itaque ut diximus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> omni <lb/>loco eadem lapidis harenæque et huiu&longs;modi e&longs;t copia: Sed diuer&longs;is <lb/>diuer&longs;a et naturæ et <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> exi&longs;tit ratio atque modus: Iccirco his uti <lb/>oportet quæ &longs;uppeditant: et in his ip&longs;is adhibenda e&longs;t cautio: pri <lb/>mo ut habiliores et <expan abbr="cõmodiores/&longs;electos">commodiores/&longs;electos</expan> parato&longs;que habeamus: pro <lb/>xime ut ædificando aptioribus utamur/&longs;uis quibu&longs;que locis <expan abbr="cũcta">cuncta</expan> <lb/>recte di&longs;partiendo.</s></p><p type="main"> <s><expan abbr="Sequi&ttilde;">Sequitur</expan> ut paratis rebus/que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus/materia/lapide/calce/">recen&longs;uimus/materia/lapide/calce/</expan> <lb/>harena: <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> de <expan abbr="cõ&longs;truendi">con&longs;truendi</expan> ædificii ratione et modo <expan abbr="trã&longs;igamus">tran&longs;igamus</expan>. <pb/>Nam ferrum quidem æs atque <expan abbr="plũbum">plumbum</expan> et uitrum er reliqua i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi ut pares nihilo plus opus e&longs;t indu&longs;tria, &quml; ut coem<gap/>s atque in <lb/>unum cogas/quoad inopere pficiundo non de&longs;int: tam et&longs;i de his <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;elig&etilde;dis">&longs;eligendis</expan> et <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;dis">di&longs;tribuendis</expan> dicemus &longs;uo loco/quæ ad operis orr<gap/><expan abbr="m&etilde;">men</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="torũque">torunque</expan> rationem ab&longs;oluendam <expan abbr="cõueniant">conueniant</expan>: Atque nos qua&longs;i opus fac <lb/>turi &longs;imus et manu ædificaturi ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> rem oidiri ag <lb/>grediemur: Sed hic prius e&longs;t ut iterum admoneam/pen&longs;anda e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>tempora cum publica/tum et priuata no&longs;tra <expan abbr="no&longs;trorũque">no&longs;trorunque</expan> eiu&longs;modi <lb/>&longs;int: nequid aggrediamur: in quo perturbatis rebus aut inuidiam <lb/>captes &longs;i p&longs;eueres æd<gap/><expan abbr="icãdo">icando</expan>: aut di&longs;pendium &longs;i de&longs;eras. </s> <s>Adde quod<lb/>et naturæ tempora inprimis erunt <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãda">ob&longs;eruanda</expan>: Nam uidere qdem <lb/>licet/uti ea quæ p hyemem ædificantur/locis præ&longs;ertim frigidis <lb/>gelent: Ea uero quæ p æ&longs;tatem/locis præ&longs;ertim æ&longs;tuo&longs;is ar<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;cãt/">&longs;cant/</expan> <lb/>prius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cohereant. </s> <s>Hinc igitur admonebat Frontinus architectus <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e ad opus exequendum apta <expan abbr="accõmodataque">accommodataque</expan> tempora: quæ &longs;unt <lb/>a chalendis aprilis/ad <expan abbr="chal&etilde;das">chalendas</expan> u&longs;que <expan abbr="nou&etilde;bris/intermi&longs;&longs;o">nouembris/intermi&longs;&longs;o</expan> æ&longs;tatis <lb/>feruore. </s> <s>Sed pro locorum uarietate et coelo opus <expan abbr="maturandũ">maturandum</expan> aut <lb/><expan abbr="producendũ">producendum</expan> &longs;tatuo. </s> <s>Itaque &longs;i cum his <expan abbr="cũque">cunque</expan> cæteris rebus quæ &longs;upra <lb/>recen&longs;uimus/bene tibi conueniet: erit demum area futuri operis <lb/><expan abbr="de&longs;crib&etilde;da/&longs;ignatis">de&longs;cribenda/&longs;ignatis</expan> in &longs;olo &longs;paciis &longs;ua et linearum et angulorum <lb/>dimen&longs;ione.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>At &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="admon&etilde;t">admonent</expan> bonis initiis inchoandam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ædification&etilde;">ædificationem</expan>: <lb/>pmaximi quidem intere&longs;&longs;e quo quidque temporis mom<gap/>o in <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;entium numero <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> occeperit. </s> <s>Lutius Tarutius urbis Romæ <lb/><expan abbr="natal&etilde;">natalem</expan> diem adinueni&longs;&longs;e fortunæ &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;ibus <expan abbr="ãnotatis">annotatis</expan> <expan abbr="prædica&ttilde;">prædicatur</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="Tantãque">Tantanque</expan> habere uim ad res futuras ip&longs;um hoc initii <expan abbr="momentũ">momentum</expan> pu <lb/>tarunt &longs;apienti&longs;&longs;imi ueteres: ut fui&longs;&longs;e Iulius firmicus maternus re <lb/>ferat/qui <expan abbr="mũdi">mundi</expan> <expan abbr="geniturã">genituram</expan> ex rerum euentibus <expan abbr="cõpertam">compertam</expan> fecerint: <lb/>ac de ea re accurati&longs;&longs;ime &longs;crip&longs;erint. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> E&longs;culapius Annubius <lb/>que: et i&longs;tos &longs;ecuti Peto&longs;iris et Necep&longs;o &longs;ic fui&longs;&longs;e hanc affirmant: <lb/>&longs;urgente ab orizonte Cancro et luna ex dimidio/ &longs;ole in leone/&longs;a <lb/>turno in capricorno/ioue in &longs;agittario/marte in <expan abbr="&longs;corpiõe/uencre">&longs;corpione/uencre</expan> <lb/>in libra/mercurio in uirgine. </s> <s>Et profecto <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> &longs;i recta interpre <lb/>tamur <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> pleri&longs;que <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> rebus po&longs;&longs;unt. </s> <s>Nam et qd illud qd <expan abbr="aiũt">aiunt</expan> <pb/>die brumali pulegium <expan abbr="aridũ">aridum</expan> flore&longs;cere/inflatas ue&longs;icas di&longs;rumpi <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;alictorũ">&longs;alictorum</expan> folia: <expan abbr="Malorũ">Malorum</expan> grana uerti ac <expan abbr="circũagi/murũque">circunagi/murunque</expan> iocu&longs;cu <lb/>lis fibras numero indies ad lunæ numerum <expan abbr="cõgruere">congruere</expan> atque æquari. <lb/></s> <s>Ego uero et&longs;i i&longs;tius di&longs;ciplinæ profe&longs;&longs;oribus et <expan abbr="t&etilde;porum">temporum</expan> ob&longs;eruato <lb/>ribus non <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> tribuam/ut eos <expan abbr="exi&longs;tim&etilde;">exi&longs;timen</expan> &longs;uis po&longs;&longs;e artibus <expan abbr="certã">certam</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;tare <expan abbr="fortunã">fortunam</expan> <expan abbr="rebusinõ">rebusinon</expan> <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="a&longs;pernãdos">a&longs;pernandos</expan> ducam <expan abbr="&longs;iquãdo">&longs;iquando</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="di&longs;put&etilde;t">di&longs;putent</expan> præ&longs;cripta i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <expan abbr="mon&etilde;te">monente</expan> coelo <expan abbr="utrãque">utranque</expan> in par <lb/>tem po&longs;&longs;e &quml; <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan>. </s> <s>Sed uti ea &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="h&etilde;at">henat</expan> res/&longs;erua&longs;&longs;e quæ admo <lb/>nent: aut <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <expan abbr="proderũt">proderunt</expan> &longs;i uera &longs;unt: aut <expan abbr="minimũ">minimum</expan> nocebunt &longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> fal&longs;a. </s> <s><expan abbr="Adder&etilde;">Adderem</expan> hic aliqua ridenda/quæ ueteres probauere in <lb/>choandis rebus: &longs;ed nolim <expan abbr="interpreten&ttilde;">interpretentur</expan> &longs;ecus atque res ferat: Et pro <lb/>fecto ridiculi: qui bono item omine <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteras res: tum et <expan abbr="ĩprimis">imprimis</expan> <lb/>areæ <expan abbr="præ&longs;cription&etilde;">præ&longs;criptionem</expan> inire iu&longs;&longs;erint. </s> <s>Veteres his <expan abbr="&longs;up&longs;tit&etilde;ibus">&longs;up&longs;titenibus</expan> adeo <lb/><expan abbr="uacabãt">uacabant</expan>: ut e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> militem in delectu <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cribendo">con&longs;cribendo</expan> <expan abbr="curar&etilde;t">curarent</expan>: ne <lb/>ei e&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="nom&etilde;">nomen</expan> ulla ex parte <expan abbr="infau&longs;tũ">infau&longs;tum</expan>: tum et <expan abbr="lu&longs;trãda">lu&longs;tranda</expan> colonia atque<lb/>exercitu bonis nominibus <expan abbr="eligebãt/qui">eligebant/qui</expan> ho&longs;tias ducerent: et locan <lb/>dis uectigalibus cen&longs;ores <expan abbr="Lucrinũ">Lucrinum</expan> lacum ob nominis felicitatem <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> in&longs;tituere: Tum et malo <expan abbr="noĩs">noins</expan> omine pmoti quæ <lb/>prius <expan abbr="epidãnum">epidannum</expan> <expan abbr="uocaba&ttilde;">uocabatur</expan>: ne <expan abbr="indãnum">indannum</expan> eo <expan abbr="nauigãtes">nauigantes</expan> ire <expan abbr="diceren&ttilde;">dicerentur</expan>: <lb/><expan abbr="Dyrrachiũ">Dyrrachium</expan> appellari uoluere. </s> <s>Eadem <expan abbr="rõne">ronne</expan> et Beneuentum/quod <lb/>prius Maloeton <expan abbr="dicere&ttilde;">diceretur</expan> <expan abbr="nũcupauere">nuncupauere</expan>. </s> <s>Rideo hic: nam bona etiam <lb/>uerba et <expan abbr="precãtia">precantia</expan> adiungi placet. </s> <s>Et &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="affirm&etilde;t">affirment</expan> hominum <lb/>uerba tanti <expan abbr="c&etilde;/ut">cen/ut</expan> uel a feris muti&longs;que rebus <expan abbr="audian&ttilde;">audiantur</expan>. </s> <s>Sino illud Ca <lb/>tonis uerbis la&longs;&longs;atas boues in&longs;taurari. </s> <s>Solere <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> homines aiunt <lb/><expan abbr="ĩpetrare">impetrare</expan> a &longs;olo patrio uerbis et precibus/ut in&longs;uetas et alienas alat <lb/>arbores: ip&longs;a&longs;que arbores exorari po&longs;&longs;e ut <expan abbr="trã&longs;migrent/et">tran&longs;migrent/et</expan> in alieno <lb/>accre&longs;cant. </s> <s>Iam mihi po&longs;tea <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> inepti <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> <expan abbr="coepimus/aliorũ">coepimus/aliorum</expan> ineptias <lb/><expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;endo">recen&longs;endo</expan> illud ridiculi gratia non omittam/quod aiunt adeo au <lb/>diri <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> genus/ut rapam <expan abbr="affirm&etilde;t">affirment</expan> ampliorem cre&longs;cere: &longs;i <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> <lb/>&longs;eratur ob&longs;ecretur/ut &longs;ibi et familiæ et uicinis benigne conferat. <lb/></s> <s>Quæ quidem res &longs;i ita &longs;unt: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> intelligo cur ocimum herbam pu <lb/>tent/quo magis cum maledictis et probris &longs;atum &longs;it/ eo fructus <lb/>lætiores afferre. </s> <s>Sed mi&longs;&longs;a hæc faciamus. </s> <s>Cæterum præ&longs;tare qui <lb/>dem arbitror/&longs;i omni <expan abbr="opinionũ">opinionum</expan> incerta <expan abbr="&longs;uper&longs;titiõe">&longs;uper&longs;titione</expan> de&longs;pecta/rem <pb/>ip&longs;am &longs;ancte et religio&longs;e aggrediemur. </s> <s>Ab Ioue principium mu <lb/>&longs;æ: iouis omnia plena: Ergo purificato animo: et &longs;ancte pi<gap/> ado <lb/>rato &longs;acrificio/inchoari tantam rem perplacebit: his maxime <gap/><lb/>bitis precibus ad &longs;uperos/ quibus <expan abbr="po&longs;ca&ttilde;/">po&longs;catur/</expan> ut opem <expan abbr="auxiliũque">auxiliunque</expan> præ <lb/>beant operi/et faueant cæptis/quoad fau&longs;te/ feliciter/ pro&longs;pereque<lb/>eucniat res: &longs;itque longa cum &longs;ua <expan abbr="&longs;uorũque">&longs;uorunque</expan> ho&longs;pitumque &longs;alute et &longs;alu <lb/>britate: cum rerum firmitate: animi æquabilitate: fortunarum in <lb/>cremento/et indu&longs;triæ fructu/et gloriæ propagatione: <expan abbr="bonorũqueomniũ">bonorunque<lb/>omnium</expan> phennitate/atque po&longs;teritate. </s> <s>De his hactenus.</s></p><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE <lb/>OPERE LIBER TERTIVS INCIPIT.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>MNIS ASTR VENDI OPERIS RA <lb/>tio/hac una in re uer&longs;atur atque con&longs;umitur: ut <lb/>pluribus <expan abbr="ordīc">ordinc</expan> <expan abbr="cõge&longs;tis">conge&longs;tis</expan> et arte <expan abbr="cõpactis">compactis</expan> rebus: <lb/>&longs;eu &longs;int illi <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quadrati lapides: &longs;eu cemen <lb/>ta: &longs;eu materia: &longs;eu qd aliud uis &longs;olida ex eis/ <lb/>et quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="ītegra">integra</expan> unitaque <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tru">con&longs;tru</expan> <lb/>ctio <expan abbr="pduca&ttilde;">pducatur</expan>. </s> <s>Integra counitaque ea <expan abbr="dicen&ttilde;">dicentur</expan>, quo <lb/>rum partes a partibus neque re&longs;ectæ/ neque di&longs;iunctæ/ neque non &longs;uis <lb/>in&longs;itæ loeis &longs;int: Sed toto linearum tractu cohercant atque con&longs;e <lb/>quantur. </s> <s>In &longs;tructura igitur con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet/quænam in ea <lb/>primariæ &longs;int partes: et quæ <expan abbr="partiũ">partium</expan> lineæ atque ordiues. </s> <s>Structuræ <lb/>perficiundæ partes minime ob&longs;curæ &longs;unt. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum/infimũ/">&longs;ummum/infimun/</expan> <lb/>dextrum/ &longs;ini&longs;trum/ proximum/di&longs;tans: et quæ inter has extre <lb/>mitates intercurrant media/ex &longs;e patent: Sed quid cuique in&longs;it: cur <lb/>inter &longs;e differant: non <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> <expan abbr="intelligũt">intelligunt</expan>. </s> <s>Neque enim <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> opus tollere ut <lb/>putant imperiti/lapidem lapidi: et cementa cementis &longs;upera&longs;tru <lb/>ere: Sed diuer&longs;æ cum &longs;int partes: longe diuer&longs;is indigent rebus <lb/>et indu&longs;tria: Aliud enim fundamentis: aliud procinctui et coro <lb/>nis: Aliud angulis et apertionum labris: Aliud extr<gap/>is cuti <lb/>bus: Aliud intimis parietum infarctionibus et cra&longs;&longs;atio<gap/>ibus de <lb/>betur. </s> <s>Quod autem cuique debeatur/ no&longs;trum erit pro&longs;equi, <pb/>In his <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ab&longs;oluendis ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;tis">fundamentis</expan> incipiemus: eos ut di <lb/>ximus imitati: qui manu &longs;int opus effecturi.</s></p><p type="main"> <s><expan abbr="Fundamentũ/ni">Fundamentun/ni</expan> fallimur/&longs;tructuræ pars <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t: &longs;ed locus uideli <lb/>cet ac &longs;edes: <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> qua &longs;tructura ip&longs;a <expan abbr="toll&etilde;da">tollenda</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;tatu&etilde;daque">&longs;tatuendaque</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i da <lb/>bitur area penitus &longs;olida atque <expan abbr="oĩo">oino</expan> <expan abbr="con&longs;tãs">con&longs;tans</expan> lapidea forta&longs;&longs;is: quales <lb/>apud Veios <expan abbr="nõnullas">nonnullas</expan> <expan abbr="ĩuenias">inuenias</expan>: <expan abbr="quænã">quænam</expan> tibi illic erunt fundamenta <lb/><expan abbr="iaciũda">iaciunda</expan> potius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut <expan abbr="&longs;tructurã">&longs;tructuram</expan> ip&longs;am attollas. </s> <s>Apud Senas <expan abbr="ui&longs;un&ttilde;">ui&longs;untur</expan> <lb/>maximæ <expan abbr="turriũ">turrium</expan> moles/ip&longs;o primo et nudo in &longs;olo po&longs;itæ: E&longs;t <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> <lb/>mons &longs;olidus &longs;ub&longs;tratus tofo. </s> <s>Fundatione <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> hoc e&longs;t itione <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> fun <lb/>dum atque foffura erit opus ubi <expan abbr="firmũ">firmum</expan> &longs;tabileque folum pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;a de <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;aque fouea <expan abbr="quærendũ">quærendum</expan> &longs;it: quod ip&longs;um fieri ferme pleri&longs;que <expan abbr="oībus">oimbus</expan> <lb/>in locis <expan abbr="cõuer&longs;it">conuer&longs;it</expan>: de qbus po&longs;tea. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cõmodum">Commodum</expan> <expan abbr="futurũ">futurum</expan> &longs;olum <expan abbr="ĩditio">inditio</expan> <lb/>erunt hæc/&longs;i mille aderunt herbæ/quæ humectis in locis <expan abbr="&longs;oleãt">&longs;oleant</expan>: <lb/>&longs;i arborem aut <expan abbr="nullã">nullam</expan> ferat: aut eam <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan>: quæ ni&longs;i in præduro et <lb/>den&longs;i&longs;&longs;imo oriatur: Si <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> multo <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> <expan abbr="oĩa">oina</expan> &longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima et penitus <lb/>arentia: Si lapido&longs;a lapide <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="minuto/nõ">minuto/non</expan> globeo: &longs;ed angulari &longs;o <lb/>lido præ&longs;ertim &longs;iliceo: Si &longs;ub &longs;e neque &longs;caturient fontes/neque fluen <lb/><expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> puader: Fluenti. </s> <s>n. </s> <s>natura e&longs;t/ut aut rapiat &longs;empiterne quoad <lb/>motu ualeat/aut importet: Ea re fit ut plana/quæ propter fluuius <lb/>excurrit/&longs;oli <expan abbr="firmitat&etilde;">firmitatem</expan> <expan abbr="præ&longs;t&etilde;t">præ&longs;tent</expan> non <expan abbr="prius/&qtilde;">prius/quae</expan> ubi &longs;ub <expan abbr="alueũ">alueum</expan> de&longs;cen <lb/>deris. </s> <s>Tu <expan abbr="prius&qtilde;">priusquae</expan> <expan abbr="quic&qtilde;">quicquae</expan> fodere incipias angulos <expan abbr="arearũ">arearum</expan> et omnes <lb/>laterum lineas diligenti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> atque iterum <expan abbr="ãnota&longs;&longs;e">annota&longs;&longs;e</expan> oportet: <lb/>quales futuri &longs;int et quo &longs;tatuantur loco: His angulis ponendis <lb/>norma opus e&longs;t <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pu&longs;illa/&longs;ed prægrandi: quo <expan abbr="directionũ">directionum</expan> lineæ <lb/>certiores <expan abbr="cõ&longs;equan&ttilde;">con&longs;equantur</expan>: Normam ueteres <expan abbr="cõficiebant">conficiebant</expan> tribus rectis re <lb/>gulis in <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <expan abbr="triangulũ">triangulum</expan> coniunctis: <expan abbr="quarũ">quarum</expan> erat una cubitos tris: al <lb/>tera quatuor: tertia cubitos erat quinque. </s> <s>Atqui hos <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> angulos <lb/>ponere imperiti/ni&longs;i rebus omnibus quæ aream <expan abbr="occup&etilde;t/amotis">occupent/amotis</expan>: <lb/>et &longs;olo prius reddito uacuo et penitu&longs; complanato ne&longs;ciunt: Eaque<lb/>de re/ quod in ho&longs;tium agro moderantiu&longs; facerent/ repente rap <lb/>ti&longs; malleoli&longs;/fabro&longs; ua&longs;tatore&longs; ad <expan abbr="diru&etilde;da">diruenda</expan> et delenda omnia im <lb/>mittunt: Quorum e&longs;t error ca&longs;tigandu&longs;: Nam multa et fortu <lb/>næ iniuria/ et temporum aduer&longs;ita&longs; / et rerum ca&longs;u&longs; atque ne <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;&longs;unt afferre: Quæ moneant uetentque nequid cæp <pb/>ta pro&longs;equare: Et interea dedecet profecto non parcere ueterum <lb/>laboribus/et con&longs;ulere ciuium <expan abbr="cõmodis/his">commodis/his</expan> quæ a&longs;&longs;uctis <expan abbr="maiorũ">maiorum</expan> <lb/>&longs;uorum laribus capiant: quando et perdere et pro&longs;ternere et fundi <lb/>tus conuellere quæque ubique &longs;unt/ex arbitrio &longs;emper relictum &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Itaque pri&longs;tina uelim &longs;erues integra quoad noua illis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> demollitis <lb/>attolli nequeant.</s></p><p type="main"> <s><expan abbr="Fundam&etilde;tis">Fundamentis</expan> de&longs;cribendis memini&longs;&longs;e oportet prima <expan abbr="parietũ">parietum</expan> exor <lb/>dia et &longs;occos/quos etiam <expan abbr="fundam&etilde;ta">fundamenta</expan> <expan abbr="nũcupant/">nuncupant/</expan> habenda e&longs;&longs;e quo <lb/>ta parte &longs;ui ampliora/&quml; &longs;it futurus paries: eorum imitatione qui <lb/>alpibus ætrurie per niues ambulant: Nam hi quidem pedibus adi <lb/>gunt cribros funiculis in eum ip&longs;um u&longs;um contextis: quorum am <lb/>plitudine ue&longs;tigia minus <expan abbr="ĩmergantur">immergantur</expan>. </s> <s>Anguli ip&longs;i quo pacto an <lb/>notentur/e&longs;&longs;et non facile examu&longs;&longs;im pro&longs;equi uerbis &longs;olis. </s> <s>quod <lb/>&longs;it eorum <expan abbr="captãdorum">captandorum</expan> ratio ex mathematicis ducta: et linearum <lb/>exemplo indigeat: res ab in&longs;tituto aliena: de qua alibi in <expan abbr="cõmenta">commenta</expan> <lb/>riis rerum <expan abbr="mathematicarũ">mathematicarum</expan> tran&longs;egimus. </s> <s>Tentabo tamen atque eni <lb/>tar <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> hic conferat ita loqui: ut qui ingenio ualeas/facile in <lb/>telligas multa/unde totam rem po&longs;tea ex te <expan abbr="cõ&longs;equaris">con&longs;equaris</expan>. </s> <s>Ob&longs;curio <lb/>ra forta&longs;&longs;is quæ <expan abbr="uidebũtur/&longs;i">uidebuntur/&longs;i</expan> libebit ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan> tenere ex <expan abbr="cõmenta">commenta</expan> <lb/>riis ip&longs;is petita percipies. </s> <s>Nos quidem fundamenta diffinientes <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ueuimus lineas dirigere/quas radices <expan abbr="nũcupamus/hunc">nuncupamus/hunc</expan> inmo <lb/>dum: A media enim fronte operis/ad <expan abbr="po&longs;ticũ">po&longs;ticum</expan> protendo lineam: <lb/>ad cuius dimidiam longitudinem figo telluri clauum: per quam <lb/><expan abbr="trã&longs;uer&longs;am">tran&longs;uer&longs;am</expan> duco ex <expan abbr="geometrorũ">geometrorum</expan> monitis <expan abbr="ppendicular&etilde;">ppendicularem</expan>. </s> <s>Itaque ad <lb/>ha&longs;ce duas lineas/quicqd <expan abbr="demeti&etilde;dum">demetiendum</expan> e&longs;t redigo: &longs;uccedunt <expan abbr="oĩa">oina</expan> <lb/>belli&longs;&longs;ime: præ&longs;to &longs;unt <expan abbr="æquidi&longs;tãtes">æquidi&longs;tantes</expan> certi&longs;&longs;imi finiuntur anguli: <lb/>partes ptibus <expan abbr="re&longs;pond&etilde;t/apteque">re&longs;pondent/apteque</expan> <expan abbr="conforman&ttilde;">conformantur</expan>. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i forte <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> <lb/>ut interiectis parietibus ueterum ædificiorum <expan abbr="captãdi">captandi</expan> anguli ter <lb/><expan abbr="minũ">minum</expan> ac &longs;edem radio ui&longs;us expedire nota&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> queas: tibi æque <lb/><expan abbr="di&longs;tãtes">di&longs;tantes</expan> lineæ <expan abbr="duc&etilde;dæ">ducendæ</expan> &longs;unt ea/qua libera et expedita patebit uia: <lb/>hinc &longs;ignato inter&longs;ectionis puncto/cum gnomonis/tum diametri <lb/>productione/tum etiam aliis <expan abbr="æquedi&longs;tãtibus">æquedi&longs;tantibus</expan> ad normam coequa <lb/>tis lineis rem pulcherrime a&longs;&longs;equemur. </s> <s>Neque erit non acc<gap/> moda <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imum radios ui&longs;us locis &longs;upereminentibus terminare linea: <pb/>quo illinc dimi&longs;&longs;o perpendiculo certa præ&longs;tetur directio atque pro <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;io. </s> <s>Signatis perinde lineis et angulis <expan abbr="fo&longs;&longs;ionũ">fo&longs;&longs;ionum</expan> <expan abbr="cõueniret">conueniret</expan> qui <lb/>dem <expan abbr="oculorũ">oculorum</expan> et intuitus uim habere/qualem per hæc habui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="t&etilde;">tem</expan> <lb/>pora hi&longs;panum <expan abbr="qu&etilde;piam">quempiam</expan> fabulantur. </s> <s>qui aquarum uenas p terræ <lb/>intima &longs;erpientes/ non &longs;ecus di&longs;ternebat ac &longs;i in aperto fluerent: <lb/>Tanta &longs;ub terra &longs;uccedunt incognita: quibus non tuto onus et im <lb/>pen&longs;am ædificationis <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;tin&etilde;dam">&longs;ub&longs;tinendam</expan> <expan abbr="cõmittas">committas</expan>. </s> <s>Et oportet profecto <lb/>cum toto ædificio/ tum præ&longs;ertim ip&longs;is fundamentis nihil negli <lb/>gere: in quo cauti et <expan abbr="circũ&longs;pecti">circun&longs;pecti</expan> ædificatoris ratio et <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> de <lb/>&longs;iderari po&longs;&longs;it: quando in cæteris &longs;iquid <expan abbr="erratũ">erratum</expan> e&longs;t/lædit leuius: <lb/>et emendatur facilius: et perfertur <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in <expan abbr="fũdamentis">fundamentis</expan>: in <lb/>quibus nulla errati excu&longs;atio admittenda e&longs;t. </s> <s>At ueteres/quod <lb/>fau&longs;tum et felix &longs;it/fodito inquiunt/u&longs;que dum &longs;olidum inuenias. <lb/></s> <s>Habet enim tellus &longs;ubduplices et multiplices cutes: alias &longs;abulo <lb/>&longs;as: alias hareno&longs;as: alias calculo&longs;as et eiu&longs;modi: &longs;ub quibus ordi <lb/>ne uario et incerto den&longs;a et concreta &longs;ub&longs;titit cutis/ferendis ædifi <lb/>ciis ualidi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Quæ et ip&longs;a quidem uaria <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: neque cæteris &longs;ui ge <lb/>neris ulla pene in re &longs;imilis: Sed alibi duri&longs;&longs;ima et ferro prope in <lb/>expugnabilis: alibi cra&longs;&longs;ior: alibi nigricans: alibi albicans: quam <lb/>cæteris <expan abbr="imbecillior&etilde;">imbecilliorem</expan> plerique <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan>: Alibi cretamo&longs;a: alibi tofinea: <lb/>alibi ex <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="dã">dam</expan> argille genere imixta glarea: De qbu&longs; omibu&longs; <expan abbr="quenã">quenam</expan> <lb/>&longs;it optima <expan abbr="certũ">certum</expan> dari aliud <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> <expan abbr="iudiciũ">iudicium</expan> pote&longs;t. </s> <s>preter <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan>: Vt <lb/>eam probent: quæ <expan abbr="errfũ">errfum</expan> egre excipiat: quæ ue aqua <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;a">immi&longs;&longs;a</expan> minime <lb/><expan abbr="dl&longs;&longs;olua&ttilde;">dl&longs;&longs;oluatur</expan>. </s> <s>Et <expan abbr="&longs;olidũ">&longs;olidum</expan> ea de re <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> haberi <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan> certiu&longs; atque <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tã">con&longs;tam</expan> <lb/>tiu&longs;. </s> <s><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod ad <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> pterre ui&longs;cera <expan abbr="&longs;caturient&etilde;">&longs;caturientem</expan> &longs;ub&longs;it. </s> <s>Nos uero <lb/>doctos et peritos omnes incolas et uicinos architectos <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ulendos">con&longs;ulendos</expan> <lb/>putamus: Qui quidem & ueterum ædificiorum exemplo: et po <lb/>nendorum indies u&longs;u recte i&longs;tius: ædifices: regionis &longs;olum quale <lb/>&longs;it & quid ualeat facile didici&longs;&longs;e potuere. </s> <s>Lantur tamen argu <lb/>menta de &longs;oli firmitate prætentanda & congno&longs;cenda. </s> <s>Nam ubi <lb/>graue aliquid per &longs;olum prouolutaris/ aut exalto cadentem dimi <lb/>leris: & non &longs;ubcor tremuerit locus: aut aquam / expatina / illic <lb/>&longs;tatuta / cri&longs;pantem non reddiderit: nimirum firmitatem i&longs;tic <lb/>polliceri inter petrabimur. </s> <s>Tu tamen &longs;olidum inuenies non <pb/>&longs;emp omni in loco: Sed dabitur regio uti e&longs;t apud <expan abbr="Adriã">Adriam</expan> apudque<lb/>Venetias/ubi &longs;ub <expan abbr="cõge&longs;titia">conge&longs;titia</expan> inuenias aliud nihil ferme præter &longs;o <lb/>lutum limum. </s> <s>Diuer&longs;a igitur tibi erit fundationis ratio/ pro lo <lb/><expan abbr="corũ">corum</expan> diuer&longs;ittate exequenda. </s> <s>Locorum alius elatus/alius depre&longs; <lb/>&longs;us: alius inter hæc medius/utputa qui accliuis &longs;it: hic adeo alius <lb/>&longs;iccior et aridior: uti &longs;unt præ&longs;ertim montium iuga et uertices: <lb/>Alius penitus madens et infu&longs;us: uti e&longs;t qui apud mare: apud lacu <lb/>nas et intra <expan abbr="cõualles">conualles</expan> &longs;ub&longs;idat: Alius ita e&longs;t po&longs;itus/ut neque &longs;iccus <lb/>omnino: neque penitus <expan abbr="mad&etilde;s">madens</expan> &longs;empiterne &longs;it: uti natura &longs;ui &longs;unt ac <lb/>cliuia: ut quibus aquæ non per&longs;i&longs;tunt <expan abbr="ĩmotæ">immotæ</expan> et contabe&longs;centes: <lb/>&longs;ed lap&longs;u aliquo p pronum deducuntur. </s> <s>Nullis locis ilico fiden <lb/>dum e&longs;t inuento quod ferrum re&longs;puat: po&longs;&longs;et enim id e&longs;&longs;e in cam <lb/>pe&longs;tri parte ue et infirmum: ex quo maxima ia <gap/>tura et totius ope <lb/>ris <expan abbr="ruĩa">ruina</expan> olim <expan abbr="cõ&longs;equere&ttilde;">con&longs;equeretur</expan>. </s> <s>No&longs;que <expan abbr="uidīus">uidinus</expan> <expan abbr="turrĩ">turrim</expan> apud <expan abbr="Mne&longs;tor&etilde;/Ve">Mne&longs;toren/Ve</expan> <lb/>netiarum oppidum/que po&longs;t annos aliquot &quml; ab&longs;oluta <expan abbr="extitit/põ">extitit/pom</expan> <lb/>dere &longs;ui perfora<gap/>o cui incumbat &longs;olo/ uti res mon&longs;trauit/ tenui et <lb/><expan abbr="ĩbecilli">imbecilli</expan> ad <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> u&longs;que ppugnacula <expan abbr="ĩmer&longs;um">immer&longs;um</expan> ierit: quo magis incul <lb/><expan abbr="pãdi">pandi</expan> &longs;unt q <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;olido i&longs;tiu&longs;modi a natura &longs;ub&longs;trato et &longs;ub&longs;tituto <lb/>præcipue ut ferat ædificia: &longs;ed uel maceric ali&quml; ueteris <expan abbr="ruĩæ">ruinæ</expan> <expan abbr="inu&etilde;">inuem</expan> <lb/>ta/non eam quanta et qualis &longs;it funditus per&longs;crutantur: Sed in ea <lb/>præaltos parietes attollunt incon&longs;iderate: et minuendæ impen&longs;æ <lb/>auiditate/omnem ædificationem ultro perdunt. </s> <s>Præclare iccirco <lb/>admonentur/ut omniu n primi fodiantur putei: Id quidem cum <lb/>cæteras ob res/tum ut aperti&longs;&longs;ime pateat <expan abbr="quãti">quanti</expan> quæque &longs;e&longs;e habeat <lb/>cutis ad opus tolerandum aut <expan abbr="infirmandũ">infirmandum</expan>. </s> <s>Accedit quod ad mul <lb/>tas rerum agendarum <expan abbr="cõmoditates">commoditates</expan> et aqua inuent<gap/> et quæ <expan abbr="egerã">egeram</expan> <lb/>tur conferet. </s> <s>Accedit etiam quod hinc adaperta re&longs;piratio a &longs;ubter<gap/>a <lb/>neis exalationum motibus tutam illæ&longs;amque præ&longs;tabit ædificio fir <lb/>mitatem. </s> <s>Itaque &longs;eu puteo/&longs;eu ci&longs;terna/&longs;eu cloaca/&longs;eu quauis pro <lb/><expan abbr="fũdiore">fundiore</expan> fo&longs;&longs;ione recognitis quæ &longs;ub terra <expan abbr="latitabãt">latitabant</expan> <expan abbr="cutibus/cõmo">cutibus/commo</expan> <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="elig&etilde;da">eligenda</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;/cui">en/cui</expan> opus <expan abbr="cõmittas">committas</expan>. </s> <s>Tum et elato et <expan abbr="quocũque">quocunque</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> loco: unde <expan abbr="proflu&etilde;s">profluens</expan> <expan abbr="ũda">unda</expan> <expan abbr="cõuellere">conuellere</expan> aut a&longs;portare <expan abbr="quippiã">quippiam</expan> ualeat: <lb/><expan abbr="profundior&etilde;">profundiorem</expan> <expan abbr="oīno">oinno</expan> <expan abbr="īduxi&longs;&longs;e">induxi&longs;&longs;e</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am <expan abbr="cõferet">conferet</expan>. </s> <s>Nä a&longs;&longs;idua <expan abbr="imbriũ">imbrium</expan> ite <lb/>ratione <expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> ip&longs;os ablui/ab&longs;tergi atque pinde <expan abbr="īminui">imminui</expan> inditio <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>: qd <pb/>extantes &longs;peculæ indies expeditius ui&longs;untur: quæ interiecto mon <lb/>tis primitus non apparebant. </s> <s>Maurelius mons qui &longs;upra Floren <lb/>tiam e&longs;t/patrum no&longs;trorum ætate multa uirebat abiete: At nunc <lb/>nudus et a&longs;per relictus e&longs;t/imbrium ni fallor ab&longs;ter&longs;ionibus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Decliuibus areis iubebat Iunius Columella inferiori a parte et lo <lb/>co pre&longs;&longs;iore fundamenta ordiri au&longs;picaremur: Perite id quidem: <lb/><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> præter id/quod illic iacta/et præ&longs;tructa admodum &longs;uis co <lb/>aptata locis per&longs;i&longs;tent: qua&longs;i fultura ualida <expan abbr="renit&etilde;tur">renitentur</expan> aducr&longs;us ea: <lb/>quæ mox &longs;i ædes prolatare libuerit/ad partem &longs;uperiorem appli <lb/>cabuntur: Fiet etiam ut quæ forta&longs;&longs;is uitia &longs;ub&longs;equi ad i&longs;tiu&longs;moi <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;iones interdum &longs;oleant hyante &longs;olo atque labente/minus te la <lb/>teant: minu&longs;que noceant. </s> <s>Paludo&longs;is in locis laxam adapire fo&longs;&longs;am <lb/><expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit</expan>: fo&longs;&longs;æque latera palis/cratibus/tabula/alga/limo et i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi rebus munienda hinc atque hinc: ne aqua &longs;ubinfiuat: Mox ex <lb/>haurienda &longs;iqua re&longs;idua intra munitiones ine&longs;t aqua: egerendaque<lb/>harena: abruendu&longs;que luto&longs;us alueus funditus: quoad inuenias ubi <lb/>pes ue&longs;tigio &longs;i&longs;tat. </s> <s>Idem ip&longs;um &longs;abulo&longs;o in &longs;olo quoad res po&longs;tu <lb/>let faciundum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Cæterum omnis fo&longs;&longs;ionis fundum ad libellam <lb/>plane <expan abbr="coequãdum">coequandum</expan> e&longs;t: ne quam in partem u&longs;piam &longs;it decliue/quo <lb/>imponenda coequatis ponderibus collibrentur: Habet enim pon <lb/>dus in &longs;e hoc in&longs;itum et <expan abbr="ĩnatum">innatum</expan>: ut depre&longs;&longs;iora &longs;emper oppetat et <lb/>opprimat. </s> <s>Sunt quæ in palu&longs;tribus fieri iubent/&longs;ed magis ad &longs;tru <lb/>cturam &quml; ad fundationis rem <expan abbr="pertineãt">pertineant</expan>: Atqui &longs;ic enim iubent. <lb/></s> <s>Sudium et palorum copiam cacumine præu&longs;to/<gap/>de inuer&longs;o ad <lb/>&longs;ublime figito: ut &longs;it operis huius area lata <expan abbr="duplo/&qtilde;">duplo/quae</expan> futurus e&longs;t <lb/>murus: &longs;intque pali ad muri futuri <expan abbr="altitudinem/lõgi">altitudinem/longi</expan> nihilominus <lb/>una partium ex octo: &longs;intque cra&longs;&longs;i ut ad &longs;ui longitudinem/ita ut <lb/>pars re&longs;pondeat nihil minus dnodecima denique conferti configan <lb/>tur quoad ubi plures interfigas aditus non pateat. </s> <s><expan abbr="Configendorũ">Configendorum</expan> <lb/>palorum machinas <expan abbr="uticũque">uticunque</expan> illæ &longs;int habere oportet malleos non <lb/>graui&longs;&longs;imos: &longs;ed crebro ictu incudentes: Nam prægraues <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;int <lb/>pondere <expan abbr="ĩmani">immani</expan> impetuque intolerabili materiam protinus perfrin <lb/>gunt. </s> <s>Crebritas quidem omnem &longs;oli <expan abbr="cõtumaciam">contumaciam</expan> et peruicaciam <lb/>a&longs;&longs;iduitate la&longs;&longs;at et domitat. </s> <s>Videre licet ubi <expan abbr="tenu&etilde;">tenuem</expan> uelis duram <pb/>in materiam <expan abbr="clauũ">clauum</expan> infigere. </s> <s>&longs;i malleo utaris graui/non &longs;uccedit: <lb/>&longs;i pu&longs;illo et apto/penetrabit. </s> <s>Hæc de fo&longs;&longs;iombus hactenus: ni&longs;i <lb/>forte illud <expan abbr="add&etilde;dum">addendum</expan> &longs;it/quod interdum aut par&longs;imomæ gratia/ <lb/>aut uitandæ &longs;oli intermedii labilitatis cau&longs;a iuuat non una et con <lb/>tinuata fo&longs;&longs;a opus &longs;olidum perducere: &longs;ed interuallis intermi&longs;&longs;is: <lb/>qua&longs;i pilas tantum aut <expan abbr="colũnas">colunnas</expan> po&longs;ituri fundamus: quo inde ab al <lb/>teris ad alteras ductis arcubus/reliquus paries &longs;uperextollatur. <lb/></s> <s>In his eadem <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãda">ob&longs;eruanda</expan> &longs;unt/quæ u&longs;que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan>. </s> <s>Sed quo plus <lb/>oneris in ha&longs;ce impo&longs;iturus &longs;is: eo latiores et obfirmiores &longs;ubigas <lb/>fundationes atque pedamenta oportet.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Hactenus de his: <expan abbr="Reliquũ">Reliquum</expan> e&longs;t ut &longs;tructuram aggrediamur. </s> <s>Sed <lb/>cu<gap/> tota fabri ars ordoque a&longs;truendi pendeat/partim ex <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> na <lb/>tura/et forma/et habitudine: partim ex calcis fulturæque glutino <lb/>atque illigamentis. </s> <s>De his igitur prius breui&longs;&longs;ime recen&longs;enda &longs;unt <lb/>quæ ad rem <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan>. </s> <s>Lapidum alii rediuiui et fortes et &longs;ucco&longs;i/qua <lb/>les &longs;unt/<gap/>ilex/marmora/et eiu&longs;modi: quibus innatum e&longs;t ut &longs;int <lb/>graues et &longs;onori: Alii exhau&longs;ti/leues/&longs;urdi: quales &longs;unt tofinei et <lb/>&longs;abulo&longs;i. </s> <s>Item <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> alii plauis &longs;uperficiebus/rectis lincis/æqua <lb/>libus angulis: quos quadratos <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan>: Alii &longs;upficiebus/lineis/ <lb/>angulis multiplicibus et uariis: quos incertos appellabimus. </s> <s>Rur <lb/>&longs;us lapides alii prægrandes: hoc e&longs;t quos &longs;ingulos nudæ <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>manus ab&longs;que traha/uecte/rutulo et gerulis et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi agere ad <lb/>arbitrium nequeant: Alii minuti: quos uel una manu tollere collo <lb/>careque po&longs;&longs;is ex &longs;ententia. </s> <s>Tertii lapides inter i&longs;tos qui pondere <lb/>et magnitudine medii &longs;int/iu&longs;tos appellamus. </s> <s>Omnem lapidem <lb/>et integrum et minime luto&longs;um et bene madentem e&longs;&longs;e oportet: <lb/>Integer an qua&longs;&longs;atus &longs;it/indicabit &longs;onus quem &longs;ub ictu refert. </s> <s>Ab <lb/>lu<gap/>ur nullibi purius &quml; <expan abbr="torr&etilde;te">torrente</expan>. </s> <s>Non penitus <expan abbr="madidũ">madidum</expan> reddi aquis <lb/>ante diem nonum &longs;atis con&longs;tat/qui iu&longs;tus &longs;it lapis: qui autem præ <lb/>grandis/tardius: Nuper exemptus ex fodina/ longe ueterano <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>modior: Qui &longs;emel calcem expertus &longs;it lapis/&longs;ecunda non amat <lb/>coniugia. </s> <s>Hæc de ip&longs;o lapide.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Calcem <expan abbr="quid&etilde;/quæ">quiden/quæ</expan> ex fornace apportata glebis fuerit <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> integris <lb/>&longs;ed re&longs;olutis atque admodum puluerulo&longs;is/reprobant: et ualidam <pb/>futuram in opus negant: Eam probant / quæ ignibus perpurata <lb/>candicans et leuis et &longs;onora &longs;it: quæ ue cum a&longs;pergas multo crepi <lb/>tu/acrem uaporis uim in altum euomat. </s> <s>Superiori quod <expan abbr="impot&etilde;s">impotens</expan> <lb/>&longs;it/harenæ minus deberi con&longs;tat: At ualidiori huic plus. </s> <s>Cato &longs;ta <lb/>tuebat in &longs;ingulos pedes dari calcis modium unum: harenæ duos <lb/>Alii aliter. </s> <s>Vitruuius quidem atque item Plinius/harenas iubent <lb/>admi&longs;ceri: ut &longs;it ad fo&longs;&longs;iceas pars quarta: ad fluuiatiles atque mari <lb/>timas tertia. </s> <s>Cæterum ubi pro lapidum natura et qualitate/uti <lb/>mox referemus/ materia futura erit/ liquidior et mollior/ in cer <lb/>niculis harena excipietur. </s> <s>Vbi uero &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior/tunc glarea angula <lb/>ris et fractionum minutalia admi&longs;cebuntur una cum harena ex di <lb/>midia. </s> <s>Tertiam &longs;i tun&longs;æ te&longs;tæ partem adieceris affirmant omnes <lb/>futuram multo tenaciorem. </s> <s>Tu tamen uticumque mi&longs;cucris/ ite <lb/>rum atque iterum &longs;ubigas oportet: ad minutorum u&longs;que corpu&longs;culo <lb/>rum <expan abbr="cõmixtionem">commixtionem</expan>: Et &longs;unt ea de re qui probe <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;cendi">commi&longs;cendi</expan> gratia <lb/>mortariis diutius uer&longs;ant atque intundunt. </s> <s>Et de calce quoque hacte <lb/>nus: Ni forte his quæ diximus/illud de&longs;it: calcem &longs;uis et præ&longs;er <lb/>tim cadem ex fodina/ cognitis lapidibus/ tenacius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cum exter <lb/>nis coherere.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Pedamentis extruendis: hoc e&longs;t fundamentis ad aream u&longs;que com <lb/><expan abbr="plendis/quidnã">plendis/quidnam</expan> moneant nihil inuenio apud ueteres/ præter <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>illud: ut lapidem/ qui &longs;ub diuo/uti &longs;upra diximus/biennium ha <lb/>bitus uitium fecerit/ fundamentis coniicias. </s> <s>Nam ueluti im mi <lb/>litia de&longs;ides et imbelles/qui perferre &longs;olem et puluerem <expan abbr="nequeãt">nequeant</expan>: <lb/>domum ad &longs;uos non &longs;ine nota remittuntur: Sic et i&longs;tic molles et <lb/><gap/>neruatos lapides reiiciunt: ut pri&longs;tino in ocio/ a&longs;&longs;uetaque in um <lb/>bra ignobiles conquie&longs;cant: Tam et&longs;i apud hi&longs;toricos a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>in terra comperiam ueteres ponendis pedamentis/omni indu&longs;tria <lb/>et diligentia eniti: ut e&longs;&longs;et illic &longs;tructura/quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;et <lb/>omni ex parte nihilominus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in cætero muro &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Nice <lb/>rini filius ægyptiorum rex A&longs;ithim/cuius id fuit inftitutum: ut <lb/>qui ære alieno tenerentur/patris cadauer in pignus darent/ lateri <lb/><expan abbr="tiã">tiam</expan> &longs;tructurus pyramidem/fundamentis iaciundis præfixit in pa <lb/>lude trabes: hi&longs;que &longs;uperduxit lateres. </s> <s>Memoriæ quoque <expan abbr="proditũ">proditum</expan> e&longs;t <pb/>Cre&longs;iphum optimum illum: qui celeberrimum Dianæ tem<gap/>um <lb/>apud ephe&longs;um a&longs;truxit cum &longs;ibi locum delegi&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="planũ">planum</expan> et<gap/>mun <lb/>ctum: qui demum a terræmotibus futurus ei<gap/>r immunis: p<gap/>i <lb/>pio/ne lubrico illic atque parum &longs;tabili in &longs;olo/tantæ molis &longs;unda <lb/>menta temere collocarentur/ &longs;traui&longs;&longs;e aiunt calcatis carbonibus: <lb/>Deinde uelleribus tantum palorum media interualla expleri cio <lb/>berrimo carbone atque <expan abbr="incõculcari/et">inconculcari/et</expan> mox quadrata &longs;uperextendi <lb/>&longs;axa iuncturis &quml; longi&longs;&longs;imis. </s> <s>Comperio et apud hyero&longs;olimam <lb/>in fundamentis publicorum operum fui&longs;&longs;e qui lapides ponerent <lb/>longos uigenos: altos non minus denos cubitos. </s> <s>Verum alibi ex <lb/>per<gap/>&longs;&longs;imorum ueterum ampli&longs;&longs;imis operibus aduerti uarium il <lb/>lis fui&longs;&longs;e modum atque in&longs;titutum complendis fundamentis. </s> <s>Ad <lb/>&longs;epulchrum Antoniorum fragmentis præduri lapidis non maiori <lb/>bus &quml; ut manum impleant/natante cemento compleuere. </s> <s>In foro <lb/>argentario ex cemento omnis generis fractorum &longs;axorum: Apud <lb/>Comitium fru&longs;tis &quml; glebis ex lapide ignobili &longs;ub&longs;tri xerc. </s> <s>Sed hi <lb/>mihi perplacuere: qui apud Tarpeiam imitati naturam &longs;um ope <lb/>re collibus præ&longs;ertim apti&longs;&longs;imo. </s> <s>Nam ueluti &longs;truendis montibus <lb/>illa &longs;olidis lapidibus molliorem materiam intermi&longs;<gap/>t: Sic hi du <lb/>um pedum &longs;ub&longs;trauere opus quadrato &quml; potuere integro lapide. <lb/></s> <s>Huic &longs;uperinfundere quoque duum pedum qua&longs;i pultem cementi <lb/>tiam: Atque &longs;ic deinceps alternis ordinibus lapidum et pulte fun <lb/>damenta oppleuere. </s> <s>Alibi cum glarea fo&longs;&longs;ili: tum et item collec <lb/>titio &longs;axo/firmi&longs;&longs;ima uidi a maioribus facta per&longs;tare po&longs;t multas <lb/>ætates opera fundamentorum huiu&longs;modi et &longs;tructuras: Apud Eo <lb/>noniam turris excel&longs;æ atque firmiffimæ/cum demoliretur inuenta <lb/>fundamenta &longs;unt infarcita &longs;axo globo&longs;o & creta ad cubito&longs; fer <lb/>me &longs;ex: Cætera deinceps a&longs;tructura erant calce. </s> <s>Itaque uaria in his <lb/>ratio e&longs;t: & qd horum preceteris probem non facile dixerim tam <lb/>exomni i&longs;torum genere inuenio: quod longe <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imũ">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> & uali <lb/>di&longs;&longs;imum exi&longs;tat: Sed par&longs;imonie <expan abbr="in&longs;eruiendũ">in&longs;eruiendum</expan> &longs;tatuo modo rude <lb/>ra & que putrebilia &longs;int non p fundas: Sunt & alia <expan abbr="pedam&etilde;torum">pedamentorum</expan> <lb/>genera: Vnum qdem porticibus & locis his debetur: Vbi <expan abbr="colũ">colum</expan> <lb/>narum ordines con&longs;tituantur: aliud quo maritimis utimur lo<gap/>s: <pb/>ubi &longs;olidi ad arbitrium captandi &longs;oli certa facultas non pateat. <lb/></s> <s>De m<gap/>ritimis tum dicemus/ cum de portu et mole intra profun <lb/>dum mare &longs;i&longs;tenda tractabimus: Nam pertinet id quidem non <lb/>ad uniuer&longs;orum ædificiorum opus/ de qua re hic loquimur: &longs;ed <lb/>ad propriam urbis partem quandam: de qua una cum aliis &longs;ui ge <lb/>neris tractabimus: cum de publicis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi operibus membra <lb/>tim referemus. </s> <s>Ordinibus igitur columnarum complere in ob <lb/>longum fo&longs;&longs;am totam non e&longs;t opus perpetuato &longs;tructuræ ductu: <lb/>&longs;ed columnarum ip&longs;arum primo &longs;edem cubiliaque conuenit <gap/>ir <lb/>mare: Hinc ab altero ad alterum/quoadque horum ducendi &longs;unt <lb/>arcus/dor&longs;o in pro&longs;undum inuer&longs;o: ut ei pro corda &longs;it ex area pla <lb/>nities: Sic enim unum in locum plura hinc atque hinc &longs;uperadiecta <lb/>pondera/ minus erunt ad perforandum &longs;olum prompta/ arcuum <lb/>fultura i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ob&longs;i&longs;tente. </s> <s>Et &quml; &longs;int columnæ ad &longs;olum perfo <lb/>randum aptæ: et <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> courgeant pre&longs;&longs;entque pondera in eas po&longs;ita/in <lb/>ditio e&longs;t ad nobile Ve&longs;pa&longs;iani templum angulus: qui ad <expan abbr="æ&longs;tiuũ">æ&longs;tiuum</expan> <lb/>occa&longs;um uergit: Nam cum illic uiam publicam/areæ angulo in <lb/>terceptam reddere peruiam uolui&longs;&longs;ent/paulula facta ad inter are <lb/>am diuer&longs;ione forniceque per templi &longs;tructuram adacta: angulum <lb/>ip&longs;um qua&longs;i pilam ad uiæ latus reliquerunt: et confirmarunt ope <lb/>ris &longs;oliditate anteridi&longs;que &longs;ub&longs;idio. </s> <s>At is tandem premente ua&longs;ta <lb/>ædificii mole/et indulgente &longs;olo fecit uitium. </s> <s>De his &longs;atis.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Iactis fundamentis expeditus in&longs;equitur paries. </s> <s>Hic illud præter <lb/>mi&longs;i&longs;&longs;<gap/> nolim: quod cum ad fundamenta complenda/ tum ad to <lb/>tos parietes ab&longs;oluendos pertineat: Nam ua&longs;tis quidem in ædifi <lb/>ciis/ubi cra&longs;&longs;ior futura <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> moles e&longs;t ab ip&longs;is <expan abbr="fuudam&etilde;tis">fuudamentis</expan> me <lb/><expan abbr="diũ">dium</expan> p opus ad <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> u&longs;que relinquenda &longs;unt aperta extuaria &longs;pira <lb/>mentaque non penitus interrara: Vnde &longs;iquid uaporis concreti et <lb/>coacti &longs;ub tellure moueatur/ libere id ab&longs;que ulla &longs;tructuræ perni <lb/>cie profu&longs;e po&longs;&longs;it exalare. </s> <s>Veteres huiu&longs;modi non nullis in locis <lb/>cum i&longs;tius ip&longs;ius rei gratia/ tum et <expan abbr="cõmoditatis">commoditatis</expan>: quo in <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> <lb/>opus a&longs;cen&longs;us pateat: tum et forta&longs;&longs;is impen&longs;æ minuendæ cau&longs;a <lb/>&longs;calam cocleam intimum perducebant. </s> <s>Ad rem redeo. </s> <s>Inter pe <lb/>damentum atque expeditum parietem hoc intere&longs;t: quod id lateribus <pb/>fo&longs;&longs;æ coadiutum con&longs;tare &longs;ola pote&longs;t infarctura: hic alter pleri&longs;que<lb/>componitur/ uti mox referam partibus. </s> <s>In pariete primariæ in <lb/>&longs;unt partes: ima quæ ilico &longs;upra fundamenti infarcturam &longs;urgit: <lb/>hanc &longs;i ita licet appellabimus podium &longs;ugge&longs;tum ue: Media quæ <lb/>parietem <expan abbr="circũambit">circunambit</expan> atque amplectitur: hanc procintum dicunt. <lb/></s> <s>Suprema hoc e&longs;t pars ea quæ ultimum parietis illaqueamentum <lb/>habeat: hanc demum coronam nuncupant. </s> <s>Sunt et inter prima <lb/>rias parietum partes uel in primis præcipue anguli et in&longs;ertæ con <lb/>ceptæque &longs;eu pilæ/&longs;eu columnæ/&longs;eu quiduis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi: quod qui <lb/>dem &longs;ub&longs;tinendis trabeationibus arcubu&longs;o, tectorum illic colum <lb/>narum &longs;unt loco: quæ omnia appellatione <expan abbr="o&longs;iīum">o&longs;iinum</expan> ueniunt. </s> <s>Sunt <lb/>et apertionum &longs;tantia hinc atque hinc labra: quæ angulorum <expan abbr="colũ">colum</expan> <lb/>narumque in&longs;imul naturam &longs;apiunt. </s> <s>Præterea et apertionum tec <lb/>tum hoc e&longs;t &longs;uperliminare/&longs;iue recto &longs;it po&longs;itum trabe: &longs;iue arcu <lb/>ducto ip&longs;a/ inter o&longs;&longs;a computabitur: Nam e&longs;&longs;e arcum quidem <lb/>non aliud dicam/&quml; deflexam trabem: et trabem quid aliud q in <lb/>tran&longs;uer&longs;um po&longs;itam columnam: Quæ autem inter has primari <lb/>as partes intercurrunt atque extenduntur/recte complementa nun <lb/>cupabuntur. </s> <s>Vniuer&longs;o etiam in pariete aliquid e&longs;&longs;e quod ip&longs;um <lb/>cunctis/quas hic recen&longs;uimus/partibus conueniat: hoc e&longs;t media <lb/>muri infarcinatio: et gemini hinc atque hinc &longs;eu coria nuncupes: <lb/>&longs;eu cortices: quorum alter extrin&longs;ecos uentos &longs;olemque excipiat: <lb/>alter inte&longs;tinam areæ umbram foueat. </s> <s>Sed corticis <expan abbr="infarcinam&etilde;">infarcinamen</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="torũque">torunque</expan> inter &longs;e ratio pro &longs;tructuræ uarietate uaria e&longs;t. </s> <s>Structuræ <lb/>genera &longs;unt hæc: ordinarium: <expan abbr="rheticulatũ">rheticulatum</expan>: incertum. </s> <s>Et hic illud <lb/>Varronis <expan abbr="nõnihil">nonnihil</expan> faciet ad rem: quod refert tu&longs;culanos quidem <lb/>&longs;eptos ad uillas ducere &longs;tructura ex lapide. </s> <s>In agro uero gallico <lb/>ex coctilibus lateribus: In &longs;abinis crudo: per hi&longs;panias terra ex <lb/>lapillis compo&longs;ita ædificare. </s> <s>Sed de his po&longs;tea. </s> <s>Ordinaria ea &longs;truc <lb/>tura e&longs;t in qua lapides quadrati/&longs;eu iu&longs;ti/&longs;eu potius prægrandes <lb/><expan abbr="coaugum&etilde;tanrur">coaugumentanrur</expan>: ita ut &longs;int &longs;uis lineis ordine ad regulam <expan abbr="libellã">libellam</expan> <lb/>et <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> po&longs;iti: Qua &longs;tructura nulla e&longs;t firmior/nulla <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>&longs;tantior. </s> <s>Rheticulata ea e&longs;t in qua lapides quadrati &longs;eu iu&longs;ti &longs;eu <lb/>potius minuti <expan abbr="ponũtur">ponuntur</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> iacentes in latus/&longs;ed in <expan abbr="angulũ">angulum</expan> &longs;tantes <pb/>fronte ad regulam et ppendiculum expo&longs;ita. </s> <s>Incerta ea e&longs;t in qua <lb/>lapis incertus ita in&longs;eritur/ut quodque latus quoad p eius lineas li <lb/>cuerit <expan abbr="cõtigui">contigui</expan> lapidis lateribus hæreat ad <expan abbr="ungu&etilde;">unguem</expan>. </s> <s>Huiu&longs;modi la <lb/><expan abbr="pidũ">pidum</expan> adiunctionibus in &longs;ilicea <expan abbr="uiarũ">uiarum</expan> &longs;tructura utimur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Cæterum his generibus uariis locis uarie utemur: Nam ad <expan abbr="podiũ">podium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cru&longs;tã">cru&longs;tam</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i quadrato ponemus lapide <expan abbr="prægrãdi">prægrandi</expan> præduro. </s> <s>quod &longs;i <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tructurã">&longs;tructuram</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e/uti diximus quoad eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it/ <expan abbr="integrã">integram</expan> <lb/>et <expan abbr="&longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imã">&longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> oportet: Et toto ip&longs;o in muro <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;t &longs;oliditate <lb/>firmitateque opus maiore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tic: Quid <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> unico &longs;i queas lapide: aut <lb/>certe numero <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> firmabis eo: qui ad unius <expan abbr="integritat&etilde;">integritatem</expan> perpe <lb/><expan abbr="tuitat&etilde;que">tuitatenque</expan> &longs;it <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> proximus. </s> <s>Prægrandis <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quo <expan abbr="argum&etilde;to">argumento</expan> la <lb/>pis <expan abbr="tracte&ttilde;">tractetur</expan> atque admoueatur: <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> id genus uel maxime ad orna <lb/><expan abbr="mentũ">mentum</expan> &longs;pectat: &longs;uo dicemus loco: Atqui ducito/inquit Cato/ ex <lb/>firmo lapide et calce uti &longs;upra <expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> opus extet pedes: <expan abbr="reliquã">reliquam</expan> ue <lb/>ro parietis partem/uel <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> crudo &longs;i libeat latere fieri non uetant. <lb/></s> <s>Hunc ea ratione hic <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> in promptu e&longs;t: quod guttis <expan abbr="&longs;tillantiũ">&longs;tillantium</expan> ex <lb/>tectis <expan abbr="imbriũ">imbrium</expan> ea parietis pars <expan abbr="abrodi&ttilde;">abroditur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed nos <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> ædificia <lb/>repetimus intuemurque/ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alibi pa&longs;&longs;im has recte <expan abbr="conditorũ">conditorum</expan> ædifi <lb/><expan abbr="ciorũ">ciorum</expan> partes præduro e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;titutas lapide: tum et apud eas gen <lb/>tes/ubi <expan abbr="pluuiarũ">pluuiarum</expan> iniuriam <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="uerean&ttilde;">uereantur</expan>: &longs;ui&longs;&longs;e qui ad <expan abbr="pyramid&etilde;">pyramidem</expan> ro <lb/>tam &longs;ub&longs;trauerint ba&longs;im apud <expan abbr="ægyptũ">ægyptum</expan> nigro lapide præduro: fit <lb/>ut rem latius interpreter: Nam ueluti in ferro ære ac cæteris eiu&longs; <lb/>modi/&longs;i iterato atque iterato <expan abbr="incõtrarias">incontrarias</expan> partes <expan abbr="inflectan&ttilde;">inflectantur</expan> <expan abbr="fati&longs;cũt">fati&longs;cunt</expan>: <lb/>et po&longs;tremo la&longs;&longs;ata <expan abbr="rũpuntur">rumpuntur</expan>: Ita et corpora alternis <expan abbr="offen&longs;iõibus">offen&longs;ionibus</expan> <lb/>lace&longs;&longs;ita maxime <expan abbr="uitian&ttilde;">uitiantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="corrũpun&ttilde;">corrumpuntur</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Quã">Quam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> ip&longs;am aduerti <lb/>ex <expan abbr="põtibus">pontibus</expan> præ&longs;ertim ligneis: Nam quæ partes <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> uici&longs;&longs;itu <lb/>dinibus modo &longs;iccæ &longs;olis radio et <expan abbr="uentorũ">uentorum</expan> afflatu: modo <expan abbr="mad&etilde;tes">madentes</expan> <lb/>nocturnis aquæ <expan abbr="uaporatõibus">uaporatonibus</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: eas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> oci&longs;&longs;ime reddi exe&longs;as <lb/>atque penitus cario&longs;as uidemus. </s> <s>Ip&longs;um <expan abbr="id&etilde;">idem</expan> licet uidere ex <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> <lb/>partibus his quæ imæ propter <expan abbr="&longs;olũ">&longs;olum</expan> extent: Nam alternis <expan abbr="humorũ">humorum</expan> <lb/>et pulueris <expan abbr="cõtaminatiõibus">contaminationibus</expan> <expan abbr="cõmaceran&ttilde;">commacerantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="abrodũ&ttilde;">abroduntur</expan>. </s> <s>Qua de re <lb/>ip&longs;e &longs;ic &longs;tatuo totius ædificii podium/duro et firmi&longs;&longs;imo et præ <lb/>grandi lapide a&longs;truendum: quo crebris <expan abbr="contrariorũ">contrariorum</expan> offen&longs;ionibus <lb/>tuti&longs;&longs;imum per&longs;eueret: Et duri&longs;&longs;imi quales &longs;int lapides/&longs;at libro <pb/>&longs;ecun lo recen&longs;uimus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Verum lapides ip&longs;i cum i&longs;tic/ tum et alibi permaxime intere&longs;t <lb/>quo ponantur contextu atque connexu in opere: Nam ueluti ligno <lb/>ita et lapidi in&longs;unt <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> uenæ/tum et nodi/ tum et partes aliæ aliis <lb/><gap/>becilliores: Quin et pandi marmora et contorqueri in promptu <lb/>e&longs;t. </s> <s>Habentur in lapidibus apo&longs;temata et collectiones putris ma <lb/>teriæ: quæ <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> intume&longs;cit aeris inhau&longs;ti/uti puto/humecta <lb/>tione imbibita: ex quo grauiores pu&longs;tulæ et collaceratione colum <lb/><expan abbr="narũ">narum</expan> atque trabium <expan abbr="&longs;equũtur">&longs;equuntur</expan>. </s> <s>Quare præterea/quæ de lapide &longs;uo <lb/>loco &longs;uperius tran&longs;egimus: no&longs;&longs;e oportet lapidem creari a natura <lb/>uti uidemus <expan abbr="procũbentem/materia">procumbentem/materia</expan> uti <expan abbr="interpretantur/liqu&etilde;te">interpretantur/liquente</expan> et <lb/>fluxibili: quæ cum &longs;en&longs;im concreuerit et obduruerit: ip&longs;a ma&longs;&longs;a <lb/>primas &longs;uarum partium figuras a&longs;&longs;eruata: Hinc e&longs;t quod in co infi <lb/>mæ partis corpu&longs;culis/ut puta grauioribus con&longs;tat <expan abbr="maiu&longs;culis/&qtilde;">maiu&longs;culis/quae</expan> <lb/>&longs;upremæ: et <expan abbr="intercurrũt">intercurrunt</expan> uenæ: prout materia materiæ &longs;uperinfu&longs;a <lb/>et obducta cohæ&longs;it. </s> <s>Ea ergo qua uenæ iniaceant/&longs;eu &longs;int illæ qui <lb/>dem primioris materiæ &longs;pumamenta/una cum &longs;upadductæ mate <lb/>riæ fecibus commixta: Seu quid aliud &longs;unt: quando has ip&longs;as &longs;ic <lb/>di&longs;pares couniri penitus natura non &longs;iuerit: fixilem nimirum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>in lapidem con&longs;tat. </s> <s>Præterea uti ex re ip&longs;a palam atq in promp <lb/>tu e&longs;t <expan abbr="tempe&longs;tatũ/">tempe&longs;tatun/</expan> ut ita loquar/contumelia nequid reconditiora <lb/>p&longs;truemur: <expan abbr="cõpacta">compacta</expan> et <expan abbr="cõcreta">concreta</expan> omnia corpora <expan abbr="conficiũtur/di&longs;&longs;ol">conficiuntur/di&longs;&longs;ol</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="uũtur">uuntur</expan>: Ita et in lapide quæ partes <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe&longs;tatibus">tempe&longs;tatibus</expan> pferendis obnoxiæ <lb/><expan abbr="extiterũt">extiterunt</expan>: maceratiores &longs;unt atque putribiliores. </s> <s>Quæ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ita &longs;int/ <lb/>ponendis lapidibus aduerti&longs;&longs;e iubent/his præ&longs;ertim partibus ædi <lb/>ficii: quas e&longs;&longs;e robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas oportet: ut firmi&longs;&longs;imæ et minime de <lb/>ciduæ lapidum facies contra aduer&longs;arias rerum offen&longs;iones obiici <lb/><expan abbr="an&ttilde;">antur</expan>. </s> <s>Ergo <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> in latus uena &longs;tans <expan abbr="collocabi&ttilde;">collocabitur</expan>: nequid <expan abbr="decru&longs;te&ttilde;">decru&longs;tetur</expan> tem <lb/>pe&longs;tatibus: &longs;ed iacebit pro&longs;ternata: ut pre&longs;&longs;a mole <expan abbr="&longs;upincũbentiũ">&longs;upincumbentium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> pandat: Et interior quæ in fodina abdita fuerat facies <expan abbr="&longs;i&longs;te&ttilde;">&longs;i&longs;tetur</expan> <lb/>ut extet patula: Succo&longs;ior enim e&longs;t et ualidior. </s> <s>Verum nulla to <lb/>lerantior habebitur facies toto in ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o lapide: &quml; quæ ma&longs;&longs;am <lb/>ip&longs;am non per fodinæ tractum de&longs;ciuerit: Sed quæ tran&longs;uer&longs;am <lb/>iacentis ma&longs;&longs;æ proten&longs;ionem obtrunca it.</s></p><pb/><p type="main"> <s>Anguli in&longs;uper totum per ædificium: quod eos quidem per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ægre <lb/>gie ualidos e&longs;&longs;e oporteat/&longs;tructura <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> &longs;olida <expan abbr="firmãdi">firmandi</expan> &longs;unt. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> profecto &longs;i recte interpretor/angulus qui&longs;que totius ædificii <lb/>altera e&longs;t pars: <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> unius <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="uitiũ">uitium</expan> anguli ab&longs;que <expan abbr="duorũ">duorum</expan> <expan abbr="laterũ">laterum</expan> <lb/>iactura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;uccedat. </s> <s>Qd &longs;i huc &longs;pectes: proculdubio <expan abbr="cõperies">comperies</expan> nul <lb/>la ferme ædificia coepi&longs;&longs;e dificere <expan abbr="aliũde/">aliunde/</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ab anguli alicuius in <lb/>firmitate. </s> <s>Recte <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ueteres angulos a&longs;&longs;ueuere ponere cra&longs;&longs;iores <lb/>multo <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> parietes: et in <expan abbr="colũnatis">colunnatis</expan> porticibus ad angulos firmiora <lb/>adigere <expan abbr="alam&etilde;ta">alamenta</expan>. </s> <s>Anguli igitur firmitas non eo <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> <expan abbr="de&longs;idera&ttilde;">de&longs;ideratur</expan>: <lb/>quo tectum ferat: e&longs;t enim id <expan abbr="colũnarum">colunnarum</expan> opus uel magis &quml; angu <lb/><expan abbr="lorũ">lorum</expan>: uerum et inprimis quo parietes in officio contineantur: ne a <lb/>ppendiculi rectitudine ullam in <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> <expan abbr="deflectan&ttilde;">deflectantur</expan>. </s> <s>Ergo habebit is <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> lapides præduros/et <expan abbr="lõgitudine">longitudine</expan> prolixos: ut qua&longs;i brachia <lb/>et ulnæ per coniugatorum parietum proten&longs;ionem inuehantur. <lb/></s> <s>Eruntque lati pro parietis cra&longs;&longs;itudine lapides hi: ut nulla &longs;it opus <lb/>media infarcinatione.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Similia e&longs;&longs;e angulis o&longs;&longs;a in pariete et <expan abbr="apertionũ">apertionum</expan> latera condecet: <lb/>et eo firmiora/ quo maioribus ponderibus forta&longs;&longs;is fuerint &longs;ub&longs;ti <lb/>tuenda. </s> <s>Et inprimis oportet manus hoc e&longs;t aliquos hinc atque hinc <lb/>alternis ordinibus lapides promittant/ qua&longs;i adminicula ad reli <lb/>qui parietis complementa &longs;ub&longs;tentanda.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Complementi partes &longs;unt/quas uniuer&longs;o parieti <expan abbr="cõicare">conicare</expan> diximus <lb/>cortices et <expan abbr="infarcim&etilde;ta">infarcimenta</expan>. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="corticũ">corticum</expan> alii extimi: alii e <expan abbr="regiõe">regione</expan> po&longs;iti <lb/>inte&longs;tini. </s> <s><expan abbr="Extimũ">Extimum</expan> &longs;i lapide po&longs;ueris duriore <expan abbr="cõferet">conferet</expan>: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ad <lb/>ædificii <expan abbr="phennitat&etilde;">phennitatem</expan> alioquin totis <expan abbr="cõplementis">complementis</expan>: opere quo libuerit <lb/>&longs;eu reticulato/&longs;eu incerto induxeris <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> redarguam: modo infe&longs;tis <lb/>et acriter lace&longs;&longs;entibus/ &longs;eu &longs;olibus/&longs;eu <expan abbr="uentorũ">uentorum</expan> mole&longs;tiis/ &longs;eu <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> <lb/>ignibus aut pruinis <expan abbr="lapid&etilde;">lapidem</expan> obiicias eum/qui natura &longs;it ad <expan abbr="impetũ">impetum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="mol&etilde;que">molenque</expan> atque iniuriam <expan abbr="tolerandã">tolerandam</expan> ualidi&longs;&longs;imus: Et præ&longs;ertim illic <lb/>ubi ex fi&longs;tulis <expan abbr="tectorũ">tectorum</expan> aut &longs;tillicidiis/maiores <expan abbr="cad&etilde;tes">cadentes</expan> imbres uen <lb/>to <expan abbr="illidan&ttilde;">illidantur</expan>: omnino <expan abbr="adhib&etilde;da">adhibenda</expan> robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;una materia e&longs;t: <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> id <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> uetu&longs;tis ædificiis pa&longs;&longs;im uidi&longs;&longs;e liceat <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;p&longs;ionũ">a&longs;p&longs;ionum</expan> <lb/>iniuria ip&longs;um marmor/ ut &longs;ic loquar/prefre&longs;um atque penitus exe <lb/>&longs;um e&longs;&longs;e: Tam et&longs;i plerique <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> periti architecti/quo huic iniuriæ <pb/>prouiderent: imbrem a tectis collectum a&longs;&longs;ueuere p impluuia in <lb/>cerclu&longs;um diducere atque di&longs;pellere. </s> <s>Quid illud quod <expan abbr="annotarũt">annotarunt</expan> <lb/>maiores/ folia per annuos autumnos &longs;olere parte arboiis quæ ad <lb/>hau&longs;trum et meridiem &longs;pectent prius decidere. </s> <s>Nos aduertimus <lb/>collap&longs;a uetu&longs;tate ædificia omnia coepi&longs;&longs;e ad hau&longs;trum deficere. <lb/></s> <s>Et cur id eueniat: forta&longs;&longs;is in cau&longs;a e&longs;t/ quod &longs;olis ardor et uis/dum <lb/>uirebat opus/ <expan abbr="ĩmaturæ">immaturæ</expan> &longs;uccos a&longs;&longs;ump&longs;it calcis. </s> <s>Adde quod hau&longs;tri <lb/>nis flatibus iterum atque iterum humectatus atque &longs;ubinde &longs;olis <expan abbr="inc&etilde;">incem</expan> <lb/>&longs;ionibus inferuefactus paries <expan abbr="cõmaceratus">commaceratus</expan> imputruit. </s> <s>Ergo his et <lb/>huiu&longs;modi iniuriis apta et ualidi&longs;&longs;ima obiicieda materia e&longs;t.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Illud inprimis ob&longs;eruandum cen&longs;eo: ut coeptos ordines toto &longs;tru <lb/>cturæ ambitu coæquato et minime di&longs;pari ducas: nequid ad dex <lb/>tram prægrandi: ad &longs;ini&longs;tram uero minuto con&longs;tet lapide. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nãquepre&longs;&longs;ari">Nanque<lb/>pre&longs;&longs;ari</expan> quidem aiunt &longs;tructuram noui&longs;&longs;imo pondere iniecto: et <lb/>calcem pre&longs;&longs;ione inter &longs;icci&longs;cendum de&longs;i&longs;tere: exquo per opus la <lb/>cerationes fieri nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>At corcicem inte&longs;tinum una cum tota <lb/>&longs;ui parietis facie molliore ducas lapide non uetabo. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="quocũqueutare">quocunque<lb/>utare</expan> tam inte&longs;tino <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> extimo tollendus cortex e&longs;t: ut &longs;ict is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ad &longs;uam lineam atque <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> exten&longs;us et perfinitus: Sua erit <lb/>linea quæ ad areæ <expan abbr="circũ&longs;criptionem">circun&longs;criptionem</expan> coæquata ie&longs;pondeat: ita ut <lb/>&longs;it ea penitus omni parte &longs;ui <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> tumida/ nu&longs;q incaua/ nu&longs;&quml; <lb/><expan abbr="undo&longs;a/nu&longs;quã">undo&longs;a/nu&longs;quam</expan> non directa et probe coaptata et perfinita. </s> <s>Inter <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;truendũ">&longs;truendum</expan> et dum murus uiret &longs;i primam induxeris <expan abbr="harenation&etilde;">harenationem</expan>: <lb/>fiet deinceps ut quam adegeris &longs;eu cru&longs;tam &longs;eu alb. </s> <s>rium indele <lb/>bile opus præ&longs;tetur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Infar cinamentorum duo &longs;unt genera: Vnum quo inter cortices <lb/>ad uacuum quod ine&longs;t cementis conge&longs;tis opplent: Alterum quo <lb/>id lapide non ni&longs;i ordinario: &longs;ed ignobili potius inter&longs;truunt &quml; <lb/>oppleant. </s> <s>Vtrumque par&longs;imoniæ cau&longs;a inuentum apparet: Quan <lb/>do quiuis lapis minutus atque ignobilis huic murorum parti de <lb/>mandatur. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i dabitur ut prægrandis et quadrati lapi <lb/>dis copia &longs;uppeditet: quis aut minuto aut fractitio &longs;ponte ute <lb/>tur lapide <gap/> Atqui hac una in re a complementis o&longs;&longs;a ip <lb/>&longs;a differunt: Quod in his media inter cruitas in&longs;arciuntur / <pb/>fractitio et commutilato quocumque datur lapide / opere prope <lb/>conge&longs;titio et tumultario: In his alteris nulli aut <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> modici im <lb/>mi&longs;centur lapides incerti: Sed tota totum id intimum ordinario <lb/>extexunt opere. </s> <s>Mallem ad æternitatem plenis ordinibus uniuer <lb/>&longs;um parietem quadrato lapide completum redderent: <expan abbr="Tam&etilde;">Tamen</expan> qua <lb/><expan abbr="licũque">licunque</expan> <expan abbr="uacuũ">uacuum</expan> id inter cortices lapide opplendum in&longs;titueris: quo <lb/>ad res patitur curato ut ductu coæquato librati ordines <expan abbr="cõnectan">connectan</expan> <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Tum et officii quidem erit ab altero extimo ad alterum inte <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tinũ">&longs;tinum</expan> corticem/aliquos non penitus interraros ordinarios lapides <lb/>mediam p parietis <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> ad cortices ip&longs;os mutuo <expan abbr="cõnecten">connecten</expan> <lb/>dos traducere: quo infu&longs;a infarcinamenta &longs;pondas cru&longs;tarum non <lb/>protrudant. </s> <s><expan abbr="Infarcinationũ">Infarcinationum</expan> ductus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruarũt">ob&longs;eruarunt</expan> ueteres una perpe <lb/>tuaque refu&longs;ione attollere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> altiores <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut in quinos quo&longs;que pedes or <lb/>dines &longs;upextenderent: quo ueluti neruis <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti&longs;que">illigamenti&longs;que</expan> &longs;tructura ar <lb/>ctata <expan abbr="cõcinctaque">concinctaque</expan> redderetur: quo etiam &longs;iquid totam p infarcinati <lb/>onem aliquo aut <expan abbr="fabrorũ">fabrorum</expan> uitio/aut ca&longs;u de&longs;idi&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõperit">comperit</expan>: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ilico <lb/>in &longs;e <expan abbr="reliquorũ">reliquorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;upurgentiũ">&longs;upurgentium</expan> pondus trahat: Sed habeant &longs;upiora <lb/>qua&longs;i innouatam ad con&longs;i&longs;tendum ba&longs;im. </s> <s>Cæterum admonent/ <lb/>quod apud omnes ueteres probe ob&longs;eruatum uideo: nequid maio<lb/>ra inter farciendum &longs;axa inter&longs;erantur: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut libræ pondus comple <lb/>ant: minutiora enim quæ &longs;unt/ facilius uniri atque ad nexuras adæ <lb/>quari <expan abbr="arbitrãtur">arbitrantur</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> prægrandia. </s> <s>Et faciat ad rem quod apud Plu <lb/>tarcum de Mino rege traditur: Nam is quidem cum plebem per <lb/>artes diuideret: &longs;ic cen&longs;ebat corpus omne quo magis minutas diui <lb/>&longs;um in partes &longs;it: eo facilius ad arbitrium tractari atque coæquari. <lb/></s> <s>Illud non negligendum puto: quod caua omnia comple&longs;&longs;e/ et ni <lb/>hil u&longs;piam interuacuum reliqui&longs;&longs;e oportet/ cum cæteras ob res/ <lb/>tum ob id ne i&longs;tuc animantia ingrediantur: quæ nidificatu et con <lb/>ge&longs;tis &longs;ordibus atque &longs;eminibus caprificos per murum excitent. <lb/></s> <s>Dictu incredibile quantas lapidum moles/et quas congeries com <lb/>motas una e&longs;&longs;e arboris radice uiderim. </s> <s><expan abbr="Illigãda">Illiganda</expan> <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> et <expan abbr="cõplenda">complenda</expan> <lb/>quæ con&longs;truas omnia diligenter &longs;unt.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Inter procinctus aliqui præterea nexus lapidum maiorum indu <lb/><expan abbr="cũtur">cuntur</expan>: qui et cru&longs;tas exteriores cru&longs;tis interioribus: et o&longs;&longs;a etiam <pb/>offibus illaqueata reddant: quales hi &longs;unt/ quos in pedes quinos <lb/>inter&longs;erendos diximus. </s> <s>Alii uero et hi <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> primarii procinctus <lb/>&longs;unt: qui angulorum <expan abbr="prehendendorũ/">prehendendorun/</expan> operi&longs;que detinendi gratia/ <lb/>per totam parietis longitudinem pducuntur: Sed hi po&longs;tremi ra <lb/>riores adhibentur: et unico in pariete <expan abbr="plus&qtilde;">plusquae</expan> binos aut <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> tris <lb/>me <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> uidi&longs;&longs;e memini: <expan abbr="Eorũque">Eorunque</expan> &longs;itus &longs;ede&longs;que primaria e&longs;t: ut <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ummũ">&longs;ummum</expan> parietis ueluti corona/immunem frequentioribus illis in <lb/>nexuris æqui inpedes quinos fiunt: Lapides &longs;i aderunt tenuiores <lb/>non dedecebit.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>In his uero alteris/quas coronas <expan abbr="nũcupamus">nuncupamus</expan>: quo et rariores illæ <lb/>quidem &longs;unt/ et plus habent negocii: eo robu&longs;tiores et cra&longs;&longs;iores <lb/>appo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e lapides <expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit</expan>. </s> <s>In utri&longs;que &longs;uo in genere longi&longs;&longs;imi et <lb/>lati&longs;&longs;imi et firmi&longs;&longs;imi de&longs;iderantur. </s> <s>Sed ita <expan abbr="collocabũtur">collocabuntur</expan> mino<lb/>res illi: ut una cum cæteris parietis corticibus ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> et <lb/>regulam <expan abbr="cõueniant">conueniant</expan>. </s> <s>Hi uero alteri coronas imitati frontis proiec <lb/>tura prominebunt. </s> <s><expan abbr="Ponũturque">Ponunturque</expan> lapides i&longs;tiu&longs;modi prælongi et ad <lb/>modum lati ad libellam/et ordinibus bene <expan abbr="cõnectuntur">connectuntur</expan>: ut qua&longs;i <lb/>&longs;upaddito pauimento &longs;ubin&longs;tructa <expan abbr="operian&ttilde;">operiantur</expan>. </s> <s>Lapidum i&longs;tic nexu <lb/>ra e&longs;t: <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> noui&longs;&longs;imus qui&longs;que nunc &longs;upin&longs;ternatur lapis: ita in iam <lb/>tum &longs;ub&longs;tratos <expan abbr="coagmenta&ttilde;">coagmentatur</expan> et <expan abbr="cõcinna&ttilde;">concinnatur</expan>: ut in <expan abbr="duorũ">duorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ub&longs;titutorũ">&longs;ub&longs;titutorum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõmi&longs;&longs;uram/æquata">commi&longs;&longs;uram/æquata</expan> et collibrata exten&longs;ione medius accumbat. <lb/></s> <s>Quæ <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> nexura uniuer&longs;a in &longs;tructura minime negligenda <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>&longs;it: cum e&longs;t eadem in procinctibus huiu&longs;modi maiorem in <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ob&longs;eruãda">ob&longs;eruanda</expan>. </s> <s>Aduerti reticulatis operibus ueteres a&longs;&longs;ueui&longs;&longs;e procin <lb/><expan abbr="ctũ">ctum</expan> inducere: ut <expan abbr="cõ&longs;taret">con&longs;taret</expan> ordinibus <expan abbr="laterculorũ">laterculorum</expan> quinque: aut nihilo <lb/>paucioribus tribus: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> e&longs;&longs;ent cum cæteri/ tum adminus ordo <lb/>unus lapide po&longs;itus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cra&longs;&longs;iore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cæteri illic iuncti: &longs;ed <expan abbr="lõgiore">longiore</expan> <lb/>atque latiore. </s> <s>Ordinariis uero i&longs;tructuris lateritiis uidimus quo&longs;que<lb/>in pedes quinos <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti">illigamenti</expan> loco fui&longs;&longs;e uno <expan abbr="cõtentos">contentos</expan> ordine lateris <lb/>pampli bipedalis. </s> <s>Vidimus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> q laminas <expan abbr="plũbeas">plumbeas</expan> <expan abbr="prælõgas">prælongas</expan> pa <lb/>rietibusque pares <expan abbr="latitudĩe">latitudine</expan> <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti">illigamenti</expan> gratia <expan abbr="ĩter&longs;par&longs;erit">inter&longs;par&longs;erit</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Verũ">Verum</expan> in <lb/>lapide <expan abbr="prægrãdi">prægrandi</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;tru&etilde;do">a&longs;truendo</expan> procinctu rariore uel q &longs;i &longs;olis coronis <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="t&etilde;tos">tentos</expan> uideo. </s> <s><expan abbr="Incorõis">Incoronis</expan> <expan abbr="ab&longs;olu&etilde;dis">ab&longs;oluendis</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> do hæ quoque <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;ima <lb/><expan abbr="recĩgũt">recingunt</expan> nexura: neglexi&longs;&longs;e nihil oportet <expan abbr="eorũ">eorum</expan> que hactenus de pro <pb/>cinctu ip&longs;o diximus: ut in his nulli ni&longs;i prælongi et admodum <lb/>lati&longs;&longs;imi et omnium firmi&longs;&longs;imi lapides imitantur: coaptenturque<lb/>nexura continuata et recte compacta/ ordinibus ad libellam exac <lb/>tis: et pro cuiu&longs;que ratione ad regulam redactis et coæquatis. </s> <s>Eoque<lb/>maiorem i&longs;tic curam et diligentiam adhibeas/ ip&longs;a res po&longs;tulat: <lb/>quo et percingunt opus coronæ ip&longs;o loco labiliore: Et tecti præ <lb/>terea munus &longs;uos in parietes obtinent. </s> <s>Hinc e&longs;t quod aiunt late <lb/>ritiis parietibus crudis te&longs;taceam coronam adigito: ne &longs;iquid ex <lb/>&longs;ummo tecto aut &longs;tillicidiis impluat / officiat: Sed protectura <lb/>tueantur. </s> <s>Ea de re adeo in omni reliquo pariete quouis ob&longs;eruan <lb/>dum e&longs;t: ut ei pro tecto bene ob&longs;tructa &longs;tet corona ad omnem im <lb/>brium iniuriam refellendam.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Rur&longs;us con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportet/quo fultu/quibus ue adminiculis la <lb/>pides plurimi una in parietis &longs;oliditatem cogantur atque contine <lb/>antur. </s> <s>Con&longs;ideranti nimirum &longs;e&longs;e offert: ut in primis ad i&longs;tam <lb/>rem opus e&longs;&longs;e calce intuear: tam et&longs;i non omnem lapidem calce <lb/>iungendum &longs;tatuam. </s> <s>Marmora enim contactu calcis non modo <lb/>candorem amittunt: uerum etiam ob&longs;cenis maculis cruoris deho <lb/>ne&longs;tantur: Tantaque in marmore ine&longs;t candoris &longs;uperbia: ut uix <lb/>alium po&longs;&longs;it perferre <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ip&longs;um &longs;e. </s> <s>Quid putes? </s> <s>fumos dedigna <lb/>tur: oleo illibutum palle&longs;cit: nigro infu&longs;um uino lute&longs;cit: aqua <lb/>ex materia ca&longs;taneæ perducta fu&longs;catur intimum atque inficitur: ut <lb/>ne abradendo quidem i&longs;tarum rerum notæ deleantur. </s> <s>Hinc uete <lb/>res nuda in opus marmora/nullo calcis illinimento obducto quo <lb/>ad poterant adigebant. </s> <s>Sed de his po&longs;tea.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Nunc quando ad periti fabri officium pertinet/non tam &longs;eligere <lb/>commodiora/ &quml; apte accommodateque/ uti his quæ &longs;uppeditent: <lb/>rem nos &longs;ic pro&longs;equemur. </s> <s>Calcern intelliges excoctam e&longs;&longs;e u&longs;que<lb/>ut probes: quæ infu&longs;a et inde po&longs;t feruorem extincta/ &longs;pumam <lb/>lactis imitata &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;citãs">&longs;u&longs;citans</expan> totis glebis tumuerit. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nõ">non</expan> &longs;atis <expan abbr="cõmace">commace</expan> <lb/>ratæ <expan abbr="indiciũ">indicium</expan> <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> calculi <expan abbr="ĩterharenãdũ">interharenandum</expan> offen&longs;i. </s> <s>Plus forte &longs;i admi <lb/>&longs;cueris harenæ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> par &longs;it/a&longs;pitate &longs;ui <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> coherebit: Sin <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> minus <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> eius natura et uis ferat: qua&longs;i ui&longs;cus lentitudine improba re&longs;ti <lb/>tabit ægreque ob&longs;equetur. </s> <s>Calcem non u&longs;que quoque maœratam/ <pb/>atque alioquin imbecilliorem indemnius committes &longs;undamentis <lb/>&quml; cætero parieti: et inter farcinamenta &quml; in cru&longs;tis. </s> <s>Ab angulis <lb/>uero et o&longs;&longs;ibus præcinetibu&longs;que/ procul abigenda e&longs;t omnis calx: <lb/>in qua uel minima in&longs;it menda: et præ&longs;ertim arcubus fidi&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>intermi&longs;cenda e&longs;t. </s> <s>Anguli/ o&longs;&longs;a/ procinctus/ coronæ/ harenam <lb/><expan abbr="tenuiorem/graciliorem/purioremq;">tenuiorem/graciliorem/purioremque</expan> exigunt: præ&longs;ertim ubiter <lb/>&longs;o ducantur lapide. </s> <s>Infarctinamenta glandulo&longs;iorem non re&longs;pu <lb/>ent materiam. </s> <s>Lapis arens natura et &longs;itiens/ fluuiatili cum hare <lb/>na non pe&longs;&longs;ime conueniet. </s> <s>Madens natura lapis et humectus/ha <lb/>renas fo&longs;&longs;iceas adamabit: ad hau&longs;trum nolim &longs;umptam ex mari <lb/>harenam ob<gap/>cias: &longs;eptemtriones ad uentos forta&longs;&longs;is commodius <lb/>exponetur. </s> <s>Minuto cuique lapidi materia debetur &longs;pi&longs;&longs;ior: Sicco <lb/>et exhau&longs;to cra&longs;&longs;ior: <expan abbr="Quãuis">Quanuis</expan> uniuer&longs;a in a&longs;tructione ueteres cra&longs; <lb/>&longs;iorem pultem i&longs;tiu&longs;medi tenaciorem putent &quml; tenuem. </s> <s>Præ <lb/>grandes lapides non ni&longs;i per liquentem et fluxibilem materiem <lb/>fulcturæ ex arbitrio recumbunt: ut forte magis lubricandi cubi <lb/>lis gratia: quo &longs;unt illi quidem dum coaptantur &longs;ub manu ad mo <lb/>tum faciles/&quml; conglutinandi cau&longs;a/huiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e inducta mate <lb/>ries uideatur. </s> <s>Atqui omnino plurimum conferet aliquid molle <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi et leuigatum cubile &longs;ubmittere: Quo fiat ut lapides <lb/>iniquo &longs;ub pondere laborantes non defringantur. </s> <s>Sunt qui ubi <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;im ex ueterum operibus prægrandes intueantur lapides/me <lb/>diis iuncturis illibutos rubrica/u&longs;os interpretentur ea pro calce: <lb/>Id mihi non fit ueri&longs;imile: uel maxime ea re/ quod non utra&longs;que ad <lb/>iunctionis &longs;up&longs;icies/&longs;ed tantum alteram illibutam uideam.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>E&longs;t etiam circa parietes quippiam: quod neglexi&longs;&longs;e non conferat. <lb/></s> <s>Nequod enim præcipiti fe&longs;tinantia et tumultuaria manu e&longs;t paries <lb/>coaceruandus/ opera nu&longs;quam intermi&longs;&longs;a: Neque per &longs;egnitiem <lb/>de&longs;idio&longs;am/qua&longs;i inuitus ædifices/coepto e&longs;t opere procra&longs;tinan <lb/>dum: Sed pro&longs;equi rem oportet modo et ratione: in qua &longs;it celeri <lb/>tas coniuncta cum con&longs;ilii et diligentiæ maturitate.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Altius attolli opus uetant periti: ni&longs;i pars hactenus exacta du <lb/>ruerit: Nam recens et molle opus/ impotens et re&longs;orubile <pb/>cum &longs;it/quæ &longs;upera&longs;truxeris <expan abbr="nequaquã">nequaquam</expan> perferet. </s> <s>Videre quidem <lb/>licet / hyrundines natura edoctos cum nidificent / primas iliu <lb/>tationes ad tigna: quæ quidem pro fundamentis et radice operis <lb/>&longs;unt: atque item his primis proximas <expan abbr="agge&longs;tiões">agge&longs;tiones</expan> apponere <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> <lb/>temere: &longs;ed opere intermi&longs;&longs;o/ mature &longs;en&longs;imque a&longs;truere: quoad <lb/>primordia operis firmitudinem con&longs;ecuta &longs;int. </s> <s>Duriu&longs;&longs;e calcem <lb/>&longs;tatuunt/ cum lanuginem fio&longs;culo&longs;que fabris cognites de&longs;uda: it. <lb/></s> <s>Quot in pedes inter calandum &longs;it ip&longs;a muri cra&longs;&longs;itudo/ et loci et <lb/>coeli temperies admonebit. </s> <s>Vbi duxeris intercalandum operito <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> opus &longs;trumentis: ne uento et &longs;ole &longs;uceus materi<gap/> hau&longs;tus <lb/>euane&longs;cat: potius &quml; <expan abbr="att&etilde;porato">attemporato</expan> &longs;icce&longs;cat et cohere&longs;cat. </s> <s>Vbi opus <lb/>re&longs;ump&longs;eris/ pura iterum atque iterum aqua infundito/ quoad pro <lb/>be immade&longs;cat: Et pulueres nequid caprificibus gignundis <expan abbr="&longs;om&etilde;">&longs;omen</expan> <lb/>ta relinquantur/ poenitus abluantur. </s> <s>Nihil e&longs;t quod opus ad &longs;o <lb/>liditatem &longs;tabilitatemque magis confirmet: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> abundanti lapidem <lb/><expan abbr="cõmadefeci&longs;&longs;e">commadefeci&longs;&longs;e</expan> aqua. </s> <s>Madidum negant lapidem e&longs;&longs;e/ qui &longs;i dif <lb/>fregeris/non tota &longs;it facie intima infu&longs;us et nigricans. </s> <s>Adde his <lb/>quod inter a&longs;truendum in &longs;ingulis locis/ quibus ad uarios ædificii <lb/>u&longs;us et uoluptates/de&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e qui&longs;piam nouas apertiones po&longs;&longs;it <lb/>per parietis ductum inter extexendis arcus e&longs;t: quo po&longs;tea inde <lb/>&longs;uffo&longs;&longs;us paries/ tutam et connatam habeat quie&longs;cendi &longs;edem ar <lb/>cum. </s> <s>Neque dici pote&longs;t/uti unico interdum &longs;ubdempto ex parie <lb/>te lapillo/tota &longs;tructuræ uis et nerui labefactentur. </s> <s>Et profecto <lb/>a&longs;&longs;equemur <expan abbr="nunquã/ut">nunquan/ut</expan> ueteratis &longs;tructuris nouæ applicentur: ita <lb/>ut non continuo inter &longs;e di&longs;cidium faciant: Et eam ob cicatricem <lb/>debilitatus <expan abbr="paries/&qtilde;">paries/quae</expan> reddatur ad ruinam promptus/ non e&longs;t ut re <lb/>feram. </s> <s>Cra&longs;&longs;us paries armamenta non po&longs;tulat: quando fabris la <lb/>titudine &longs;ui præ&longs;tet: ut a&longs;truendo con&longs;i&longs;tant.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Diximus de legitimo a&longs;truendi genere: quo quidem lapide attol <lb/><expan abbr="la&ttilde;">latur</expan> et <expan abbr="duratũ">duratum</expan> <expan abbr="redda&ttilde;">reddatur</expan> calce. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;int <expan abbr="captãdi">captandi</expan> lapidis genera alia <lb/>quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> calce &longs;ed luto &longs;tent <expan abbr="ĩterlita">interlita</expan>: et alia quæ lapidibus nullo ful <lb/>ta glutino <expan abbr="coapten&ttilde;">coaptentur</expan>. </s> <s>Et &longs;ine præterea alia <expan abbr="ædificãdi">ædificandi</expan> genera: quæ <lb/>&longs;ola <gap/>farctura: et alia quæ &longs;olis <expan abbr="fiman&ttilde;">fimantur</expan> corticibus: et <expan abbr="huiu&longs;mõi">huiu&longs;moni</expan> bre <lb/>ui&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="trã&longs;igemus">tran&longs;igemus</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Lapid&etilde;">Lapidem</expan> q <expan abbr="illinia&ttilde;">illiniatur</expan> <expan abbr="terra/cũ">terra/cum</expan> <expan abbr="quadratũ/tum">quadratun/tum</expan> et <pb/>maxime arentem e&longs;&longs;e oportet: eamque ad rem nihil e&longs;t <expan abbr="c&etilde;medius">cemmedius</expan> <lb/>latere &longs;eu cocto &longs;eu potius crudo bene ex&longs;iccato. </s> <s>Paries crudo du <lb/>crus latere ualitudini <expan abbr="habitantiũ">habitantium</expan> aptus: et contra ignes tuti&longs;&longs;imus <lb/>cum &longs;it: tum et terræmotibus non multo commouetur: Sed idem <lb/>ni &longs;iat <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;ior/cõtignationes">cra&longs;&longs;ior/contignationes</expan> non tolerat: Hinc pilas iubebat Ca <lb/>to inter&longs;trui lapideas: quibus trabeamenta &longs;ub&longs;tituerentur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Limũ">Limum</expan> <lb/>quo fulcias/&longs;unt qui e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optãt">optant</expan> bitumini p&longs;imilem: et e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="optimũ">optimum</expan> <lb/>arbitrantur eum: qui <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;us">immi&longs;&longs;us</expan> aqua lente di&longs;&longs;oluitur: qui de manu <lb/>ægre abluatur: qui longe den&longs;etur cum &longs;icce&longs;cat: Alii <expan abbr="harenariũ">harenarium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="præferũt">præferunt</expan>: quia ductibilior &longs;it. </s> <s>Ve&longs;tire oportet opus hoc cru&longs;tula <lb/>extrin&longs;ecus ex calce: interius &longs;i libet gyp&longs;o /aut etiam creta <expan abbr="arg&etilde;">argem</expan> <lb/>taria: Ea ut cohære&longs;cat aptius inter <expan abbr="cõpon&etilde;dum">componendum</expan> te&longs;tacea &longs;unt frag <lb/>menta/rimulis iuncturarum &longs;par&longs;im inter&longs;erenda: quæ ueluti <expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> <lb/>ticuli promineant: ut eis cru&longs;tula firmius <expan abbr="cõtineatur">contineatur</expan>.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Nudum lapidem cum quadratum e&longs;&longs;e oportet: tum et præ aliis <lb/>grandem atque etiam &longs;olidum et <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imũ">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: Hic nulla infarcina <lb/>menta/æquati&longs;&longs;imi ordines/ perpetua nexura exigitur: crebraque<lb/>debentur an&longs;arum <expan abbr="clauiculorũque">clauiculorunque</expan> illigamenta. </s> <s>An&longs;æ &longs;unt quibus <lb/>æquate appo&longs;iti lapides binatim iungantur: et continuatum in or <lb/>dinem couniantur. </s> <s>Clauiculi &longs;unt qui inferlores et una &longs;uperiores <lb/>in lapides infixi <expan abbr="cau&etilde;t">cauent</expan> nequid forte protru&longs;i ordines alteri ab alte <lb/>ris di&longs;trabantur. </s> <s>An&longs;as clauiculo&longs;que fen eos non reprobant. </s> <s>Sed <lb/>nos ex ueterum operibus intelleximus ferrum <expan abbr="corrũpi">corrumpi</expan> et <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> <lb/>durare: æs uero durare et prope æternum e&longs;&longs;e: Quin et ferri rubi <lb/>gine marmora <expan abbr="cõmacerari">commacerari</expan> et <expan abbr="circũrumpi">circurrumpi</expan> aduerti. </s> <s><expan abbr="Vi&longs;un&ttilde;">Vi&longs;untur</expan> et lig <lb/>neæ an&longs;æ lapidibus <expan abbr="uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorũ">uetu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imorum</expan> operum inter&longs;ertæ: quas ego <lb/>ferreis haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> <expan abbr="po&longs;tpon&etilde;das">po&longs;tponendas</expan> duco: æreæ ferreæque an&longs;æ plumbo <lb/>firmantur: ligneæ &longs;at firmæ &longs;unt &longs;uapte &longs;orma: quæ &longs;ic dolantur <lb/>ut &longs;imilitudinis gratia caudæ hirundineæ <expan abbr="nũcupentur">nuncupentur</expan>. </s> <s>In&longs;erendæ <lb/>an&longs;æ &longs;unt ita ut imbrium &longs;tillæ ad eas uitiandas non penetr<gap/>nt. <lb/></s> <s>æneas contra uetu&longs;tatem firmari putant/&longs;i dum conflantur trige <lb/>&longs;ima &longs;tagni parsimmi&longs;ceatur: Rubiginem minus uerebuntur/&longs;i <lb/>bitumine aut etiam oleo perungantur. </s> <s>Ferrum ceru&longs;a gyp&longs;o <lb/>et liquida pice temperari / ne rubiginem &longs;entiat / affirmant. <pb/>An&longs;æ ligneæ cera pura et amurca illibutæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="putre&longs;cũt">putre&longs;cunt</expan>: <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> <lb/>liquentis plumbi et admodum <expan abbr="feru&etilde;tis/">feruentis/</expan> ad captas an&longs;arum quod in <lb/>fuderint lapides &longs;uberepui&longs;&longs;e uideo.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Sola et infarctura ductos pa&longs;&longs;im inuenies in ueterum & dificiis pa <lb/>rietes <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> firmi&longs;&longs;imos. </s> <s>Hi <expan abbr="ducũtur">ducuntur</expan> <expan abbr="qu&etilde;admodum">quenadmodum</expan> et terrei: qui <lb/>bus Africa et hi&longs;pania utebatur/duabus utrinque &longs;eu <expan abbr="tabularũ">tabularum</expan> &longs;eu <lb/><expan abbr="craticiorũ">craticiorum</expan> &longs;pondis adactis/quæ pro cru&longs;tis <expan abbr="ad&longs;t&etilde;t">ad&longs;tent</expan> quoad infu&longs;um <lb/>opus duruerit. </s> <s>Sed in hoc differunt/ quod hic cementitiam pultem <lb/>prope undantem in&longs;undunt: illic terram lento&longs;am humectatione <lb/>et &longs;ubactione redditam ductibilem inculcant pede et planatoriis <lb/>uectibus. </s> <s>I&longs;tic etiam pro nexura in pedes trinos qua&longs;i <expan abbr="ruderam&etilde;ta">ruderamenta</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="in&longs;ternũt">in&longs;ternunt</expan> maiu&longs;culos lapides pre&longs;ertim ordinarios: aut etiam fra <lb/>ctitios angulares: Nam globo&longs;us et&longs;i contra iniurias plane &longs;it for <lb/>tis: ni&longs;i tamen multa deuinctus erit &longs;uffragatione: in omni &longs;truc <lb/>tura longe <expan abbr="infidel&etilde;">infidelem</expan> habebit &longs;e. </s> <s>Illic uero terreis Africæ parietibus <lb/>&longs;partum aut <expan abbr="maritimũ">maritimum</expan> iuncum luto <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;cent/opus">immi&longs;cent/opus</expan> ductu mirabi <lb/>le: quod uentis et imbribus incorruptum duret. </s> <s>Ad Plinii <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <lb/>turres et &longs;peculæ terrenæ iugis <expan abbr="montiũ">montium</expan> impo&longs;itæ/u&longs;que ad Hanni <lb/>bale &longs;pectabantur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Solas inducimus cru&longs;tulas/ut &longs;ic eas potius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> cortices appellem: <lb/>craticiis atque &longs;toriis ex harundine non recentibus opus illiberale: <lb/>Sed quo pa&longs;&longs;im uetus romana plebs uteretur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Illiniũtur">Illiniuntur</expan> crates lu <lb/>to una cum paleis triduo &longs;ubacto: po&longs;t ue&longs;tiuntur/uti mox dixi/ <lb/>calce aut etiam gyp&longs;o: <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> pictura &longs;ignis ue hone&longs;tantur. </s> <s>Gyp <lb/>&longs;o &longs;i te&longs;tam tun&longs;am ex tertia imi&longs;cueris/a&longs;peruginem nimis uere <lb/>bitur: Calce <expan abbr="ĩmixtum">immixtum</expan> maiorem in modum inuale&longs;cit: in humido <lb/>pruina et gelu/gyp&longs;um omnino inutile e&longs;t.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Re&longs;tat ut qua&longs;i epilogum/ legem referam apud architectos uetu <lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imam: quam pro oraculo ob&longs;eruandam &longs;tatuo: ea e&longs;t huiu&longs;mo <lb/>di: Muro ba&longs;im &longs;ubigito firmi&longs;&longs;imam: &longs;uperiora inferioribus me <lb/>dio centro ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> re&longs;pondeant/ponito: Angulos o&longs;&longs;aque<lb/>parietum ab &longs;olo in &longs;ublime robu&longs;tiore lapide obfirmato: Calcem <lb/><expan abbr="cõmacerato">commacerato</expan>: Lapidem in opus ni&longs;i <expan abbr="mad&etilde;tem">madentem</expan> ponito: infe&longs;tis offen <lb/>&longs;oribus duriorem obicito. </s> <s>Structuram ad regulam et libellam et <pb/>perpendiculum ducito: <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;&longs;uras">commi&longs;&longs;uras</expan> <expan abbr="antecedentiũ">antecedentium</expan> medii deinceps <lb/>lapides obtineant curato. </s> <s>Integros ordinibus exponito: medium <lb/><expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> refractis farcito: <expan abbr="ordĩes">ordines</expan> ordinibus crebris traductis <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> <lb/>nexuris coadiugato. </s> <s>Hactenus de pariete. </s> <s>Venio ad <expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan>.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Sed nolim illud præterii&longs;&longs;e: cuius <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> apud ueteres <expan abbr="maior&etilde;">maiorem</expan> <lb/>in modum ob&longs;eruata intelligo. </s> <s>Sunt in rerum natura/quibus pro <lb/>culdubio ine&longs;t uis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="a&longs;pern&etilde;da">a&longs;pernenda</expan>: <expan abbr="laurũ">laurum</expan> <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;">arborem</expan>: <expan abbr="aqlã">aqlam</expan> <expan abbr="alit&etilde;">alitem</expan> <expan abbr="uitulũquemaritimũ">uitulunque<lb/>maritimum</expan> pi&longs;cem aiunt fulgura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> petere: Hæc &longs;i operi inter <gap/>lu <lb/>dantur: &longs;unt qui forta&longs;&longs;e putent futurum intactum fulminibus et <lb/>immune. </s> <s>Equidem id ego æque po&longs;&longs;e uideor &longs;perare: atque illud <lb/>et dere quod aiunt ranam <expan abbr="rubetã">rubetam</expan> fictili inclu&longs;am medioque defo&longs; <lb/>&longs;am agro/arcere alites ab &longs;ementis. </s> <s>Et o&longs;trim <expan abbr="arbor&etilde;/&longs;i">arboren/&longs;i</expan> in <expan abbr="domũ">domum</expan> <lb/>inferatur/reddere partus difficiles: Et enomion le&longs;oiam frondem <lb/>&longs;ub tectis habitam præcipitare aluum et inanitate pe&longs;tem inferre. <lb/></s> <s>Redeo ad rem. </s> <s>Hic repetere oportet quæ &longs;upra cum de <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan> <lb/>tis <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> tractaremus/p&longs;trinximus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Tectorum igitur alia &longs;ub diuo: alia non &longs;ub diuo: Et <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> aliqua <lb/>lineis con&longs;tant rectis: aliqua flexis: aliqua mixtis. </s> <s>His addito <lb/>quod hic faciat ad rem: Nam aut ex arborum materia pone <expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan> <lb/>aut lapide. </s> <s>Ordiemur inde adeo rem principio hic &longs;umpto: ut &longs;ta <lb/>tuamus quippiam e&longs;&longs;e/quod ip&longs;um ad uniuer&longs;i tecti racio<gap/>inati <lb/>onem pertineat: et &longs;it huiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Tecto cuiuis et o&longs;&longs;a et neruos <lb/>et complementa et cortices et cru&longs;tulas ine&longs;&longs;e æque atque in muro <lb/>interpretemur: tamen hoc ita ne &longs;it re ip&longs;a con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s>Princi <lb/>pio ut ab his qui rectis lineis ex materia &longs;yluarum con&longs;tant inci <lb/>piamus. </s> <s>Tectis quidem ferendis opus e&longs;t firmiores a paricte ad <lb/>parietem &longs;ub&longs;tituas trabes: atque has uti modo <expan abbr="cõmentabamur">commentabamur</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>intran&longs;uer&longs;um po&longs;itas columnas non inficiabimur. </s> <s>O&longs;&longs;is ergo lo <lb/>co erit trabs: quod &longs;i per impen&longs;æ rationes liceret: quis non optet <lb/>totum h<gap/>bere opus/ut ita loquar o&longs;&longs;eum et &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imum: hoc e&longs;t <lb/>continuatis columnis/et counitis trabibus compactum et obfirma <lb/>tum? </s> <s>Sed par&longs;imoniæ <expan abbr="pro&longs;picimus/&longs;uperfiuũ">pro&longs;picimus/&longs;uperfiuum</expan> <expan abbr="putãtes">putantes</expan> quicquid <lb/>&longs;eruata operis firmitate po&longs;&longs;it detrahi: ea de re trabium hic &longs;inun <lb/>tur interualla: Exquo et trabibus tran&longs;uer&longs;alia <expan abbr="imponũtur">imponuntur</expan> tigna<gap/><pb/>et abducuntur decurrentes quadruli: et &longs;iqua &longs;unt i&longs;tis &longs;imilia: <lb/>Quæ omnia haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> dedecet puta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamenta</expan>. </s> <s>In his <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> <lb/>a&longs;&longs;es tabulæque ampliores coaptatæ nimirum complemerti uicem <lb/>tenebunt: parique ratione pauimentum tegula&longs;que corticem e&longs;&longs;e exti <lb/>mum: Coelum uero tecti/quod &longs;upra caput pendeat <expan abbr="intimũ">intimum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>corticem non negabimus. </s> <s>Ergo hæc ita e&longs;&longs;e &longs;i con&longs;tat/ inue&longs;tige <lb/>mus &longs;iquid &longs;it/quod cuique horum debeatur: quo his recognitis fa <lb/>cilius quæ lapideis tectis <expan abbr="cõueniat">conueniat</expan> intelligamus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>De his igitur quoad res po&longs;tulet breui&longs;&longs;ime tran&longs;igamus. </s> <s>Sed fa <lb/>ciat hoc ad rem/huius ætatis architectos non laudo: qui contigna <lb/>tionibus habendis/ua&longs;tas foraminum lacerationes ip&longs;is in o&longs;&longs;ibus <lb/>parietum reliquunt: quibus ab&longs;oluto pariete trabium capita im <lb/>mittant: Exqua re paries imbecillior atque aduer&longs;us ignium popu <lb/>lationes/ædi&longs;icium male tutum redditur: quod pateant inde ad pro <lb/>ximam aulam aditus incendio. </s> <s>Quare placent apud ueteres qui <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ueuere pa<gap/>ietibus lapideos mutulos firmi&longs;&longs;imos bene commen <lb/>dare: quibus quæ dixi trabium capita imponantur: quod &longs;i concate <lb/>nari trabeatione parietes uelis/non deerunt an&longs;æ et fibulæ a neæ/ <lb/>et captus <expan abbr="extãtes">extantes</expan> ex mutulo: quibus <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> ad <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> utare. <lb/></s> <s>Trabem omnino integram e&longs;&longs;e et admodum &longs;incerem: mediaque<lb/>præ&longs;ertim longitudine &longs;ui uacare menda oportet. </s> <s>Aure ad <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> <lb/>caput po&longs;ita/ ictus altero ex capite re&longs;onantes accepti &longs;i erunt in <lb/>qua&longs;&longs;i: et obtu&longs;i intimum latere morbum indicabunt. </s> <s>Nodo&longs;ites <lb/>in trabe longe repudianda: præ&longs;ertim &longs;i erunt nodi crebri/et <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>in cumulum contubero&longs;i: Quæ ligni pars medullæ ad&longs;it proxi <lb/>ma dolabitur/ ut &longs;tet in opere &longs;uprema. </s> <s>Ex inferiore autem quæ <lb/>futura e&longs;t trabis &longs;uperficie dedolata/præter <expan abbr="cortic&etilde;/aut">corticen/aut</expan> nihil/aut <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id queat <expan abbr="minimũ">minimum</expan>. </s> <s>Quo autem in latere tran&longs;uer&longs;i aliquid ap <lb/>paruit uitii: p<gap/>nito id ut &longs;tet &longs;upremum: Oblonga &longs;iqua excurret <lb/>directam per trabem fi&longs;&longs;ura/lateribus ne <expan abbr="c&etilde;mittito">cemmittito</expan>: Sed aut &longs;upre <lb/>mæ aut potius infimæ mandato &longs;uperficiei. </s> <s>Siqua pterebranda <lb/>aut forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="cõuulneranda">conuulneranda</expan> &longs;it: parcito mediæ longitudini: infi <lb/><expan abbr="mãque">manque</expan> nelædito &longs;uperficiem. </s> <s>Sin <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> uti in ba&longs;ilicis <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruarũt/">ob&longs;eruarunt/</expan> <lb/>binatim crunt trabes <expan abbr="ponendæ/laxam&etilde;ta">ponendæ/laxamenta</expan> digitorum aliquot inter <pb/>mittito: qua re&longs;pirent/ nequid mutuo incale&longs;cendo inficiantur. <lb/></s> <s>Et conferet quidem per <expan abbr="&longs;ingulũ">&longs;ingulum</expan> par trabes ip&longs;as alternatas collo <lb/>ca&longs;&longs;e: ne iuxta eodem in cubili <expan abbr="amborũ">amborum</expan> capita conquie&longs;cant: Sed <lb/>ubi i&longs;tius pes/ i&longs;tic alterius caput <expan abbr="incũbat">incumbat</expan>: Sic enim mutuo firmi <lb/>ore pedis robore mutuæ leuioris partis imbecillitati &longs;ubuenient: <lb/>et trabes ip&longs;as cognitas e&longs;&longs;e hoc e&longs;t uno materiæ genere/unaque &longs;yl <lb/>ua/ una coeli fronte adultas/ &longs;i fieri pote&longs;t/ eademque die ab&longs;ci&longs;&longs;as <lb/>oportet: Quo paribus naturæ uiribus par <expan abbr="officiũ">officium</expan> gerant. </s> <s>Cubilia <lb/>trabibus ad libellam &longs;ternito: ita ut &longs;it eorum quodque &longs;olidum et <lb/><expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imũ">firmi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>. </s> <s>Cauetoque ponendis trabibus/nequid materies calcem <lb/>attingat: et &longs;inito <expan abbr="circũaperta">circunaperta</expan> et libera &longs;piramenta: nequid ullius <lb/>penitus contactu uitietur aut conclu&longs;a tabe&longs;cat. </s> <s>Ad trabis puluil <lb/><expan abbr="lũ">lum</expan> &longs;ub&longs;ternito filicem herbam harentem/aut carbones/aut potius <lb/>amurcam &longs;uis <expan abbr="cõmixtam">commixtam</expan> nucleis. </s> <s>Sin autem erunt arbores mino<lb/>res/&quml; ut queas integram unico ex <expan abbr="trũco">trunco</expan> trabem ponere: plures in <lb/>unam compacturam coagmentato/ita ut in&longs;e artius uim <expan abbr="obtineãt">obtineant</expan> <lb/>hoc e&longs;t ut &longs;uperior compactæ trabis linea fieri nequic&quml; po&longs;&longs;it pon <lb/><expan abbr="derũ">derum</expan> pre&longs;&longs;ura breuior: et contra inferior linea fieri haud po&longs;&longs;it lon <lb/>gior: Sed qua&longs;i corda ad &longs;upadactos/qui &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="cõtrarus">contrarus</expan> frontibus <lb/><expan abbr="protrud&etilde;t/trũcos">protrudent/truncos</expan> <expan abbr="obfirmãdos">obfirmandos</expan> neruo&longs;o &longs;i&longs;tat captu.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Tigna proxime omni&longs;que reliqua materies/ quod ex trabe &longs;ecta expe <lb/>diantur/trabis &longs;inceritate integritateque <expan abbr="probabũtur">probabuntur</expan>. </s> <s>Tabulas ni <lb/><expan abbr="miũ">mium</expan> &longs;pi&longs;&longs;as putant non <expan abbr="c&etilde;modas">cemmodas</expan>: quoniam detorqueri <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> occepe <lb/>rint/clauos extrudant: et a&longs;&longs;eribus &quml;uis tenuioribus clauos appo <lb/>ni iubent duplices: præ&longs;ertim &longs;ub diualibus coa&longs;&longs;ationibus qbus <lb/><expan abbr="tabularũ">tabularum</expan> anguli et media lateraque firmentur. </s> <s>Clauos qui <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> <lb/>in tran&longs;uer&longs;um ferant cra&longs;&longs;iores fieri iubent: Alios autem gracili <lb/>ores ubi &longs;int/non reprobant: Sed longiores e&longs;&longs;e hos et capite dila <lb/>tatiores <expan abbr="cõuenit">conuenit</expan>. </s> <s>æneos clauos &longs;ubdiuo et inhumecto phenniores: <lb/>ferrei inte&longs;tino in opere et &longs;icco neruo&longs;iores fore compertum ha <lb/>beo. </s> <s>Vbi ex u&longs;u ad firmandam contignationem ueniat/ ligneis <lb/>clauiculis delectantur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Quæ autem de ligneis tectis diximus: eadem et in lapideis trabi <lb/>bus ob&longs;eruabuntur: Tran&longs;uer&longs;æ enim et uenæ et mendæ a <expan abbr="trabiũ">trabium</expan> <pb/>u&longs;u reicientur ad <expan abbr="eficiũdas">eficiundas</expan> colunnas: aut &longs;i <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> mende moderate <lb/>& leues latera lapidis qbus apparuerint/ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> inopus <expan abbr="pon&etilde;tur">ponentur</expan> re&longs;u <lb/><expan abbr="pinabun&ttilde;">pinabuntur</expan>. </s> <s>Per longum excurrentes uene qbus uis intrabibus tole <lb/>rabiliores <expan abbr="habebun&ttilde;">habebuntur</expan> &quml; tran&longs;uer&longs;æ: Tabulæ item lapideæ <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alias <lb/>ob res: tum et ponderis gratia minime cra&longs;&longs;iores ponentur. </s> <s>Que <lb/>demum intetis aut ligneis aut lapideis apponentur a&longs;&longs;eres tigna / <lb/>trabes/neque adeo graciles/ neque adeo rari ponentur ut ad &longs;e &longs;e <expan abbr="õus">onus</expan> <lb/>que ferendum &longs;int inualidi. </s> <s>Et contra neque adeo cra&longs;&longs;i neque adeo <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>ferti ut opus illepidum et informe reddant. </s> <s>Sed de operis forma <lb/>& gratia alibi. </s> <s>Itaque derectilineo tecto quæ u&longs;que dicta <expan abbr="&longs;ũt/&longs;uffici">&longs;unt/&longs;uffici</expan> <lb/>ant: Ni forte illud de&longs;it ut <expan abbr="mõeã">moneam</expan> quod qdem omni opere <expan abbr="uehem&etilde;">uehemen</expan> <lb/>ter ob&longs;er <expan abbr="uãdum">uandum</expan> cen&longs;eo. </s> <s><expan abbr="Aduerterũt">Aduerterunt</expan> phy&longs;ici incorporibus <expan abbr="animã">animam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="tiũ">tium</expan> <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e opus &longs;uum ita pfinite: ut <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> o&longs;&longs;a abo&longs;&longs;ibu&longs; <lb/>&longs;eparata aut di&longs;iuncta e&longs;&longs;e u&longs;piam uoluerit: &longs;ic etiam nos o&longs;&longs;a o&longs;&longs;i <lb/>bus <expan abbr="cõiungemus">coniungemus</expan>: et neruis <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ti&longs;que">illigamenti&longs;que</expan> belli&longs;&longs;ime affirmabimu&longs;: <lb/>ut &longs;it o&longs;&longs;ium &longs;eries et <expan abbr="cõpactura">compactura</expan>: qua &longs;ola etiam &longs;i de&longs;int cætera/ <lb/>&longs;ter opus &longs;uis <expan abbr="perfinitũ">perfinitum</expan> membris atque firmitatibus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Venio ad tecta flexilinea. </s> <s>Atqui ea quidem quæ omnes ad nume <lb/>ros rectilineis tectis plene re&longs;pondeant <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ideremus">con&longs;ideremus</expan>. </s> <s>Flexilineum <lb/><expan abbr="tectũ">tectum</expan> <expan abbr="con&longs;tituũt">con&longs;tituunt</expan> arcus: et arcum e&longs;&longs;e trabem inflexam &longs;ua&longs;imus. <lb/></s> <s>Procurrunt etiam hic <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;ta">illigamenta</expan>: adduntur et quæ interuacua <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>pleant. </s> <s>Sed uelim apertius intelligi/ quid arcus ip&longs;e &longs;it/ quibus <lb/>ue con&longs;tet partibus: Et enim ducendi arcus rationem traxi&longs;&longs;e ho <lb/>mines hinc puto: Nam cum uiderent trabes duas <expan abbr="iũctis">iunctis</expan> capitibus <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e imis pedibus diuaricatis ita firmari/ ut mutuo innexu pari <lb/>bulque contra &longs;e ponderibus &longs;i&longs;terent: placuit <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tum/et">inuentum/et</expan> <expan abbr="coeperũt">coeperunt</expan> <lb/>i&longs;toc opere di&longs;pluuia ædificiis tecta apponere. </s> <s>Po&longs;t id forta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>ex <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;tituto">in&longs;tituto</expan> maiorem cooperire aream trabium breuitate nequiui&longs; <lb/>&longs;ent: intermedium ad &longs;ublimia truncorum capita aliquid interpo <lb/>&longs;uere: ut e&longs;&longs;et prope atque apud græcos littera. <gap/>. </s> <s>Appo&longs;itumque<lb/>ip&longs;um id forta&longs;&longs;is cuneum appellauere. </s> <s>Succedente inde argu <lb/>mento multiplicatis cuneis i&longs;tiu&longs;modi arcus effigie effectam &longs;pe <lb/>ctantes probauere: eamque ducendi arcus rationem ad opera lapi <lb/>dea tran&longs;ferentes/integrum additamentis arcum effecere: ut iam <pb/>fateri oporteat arcum ip&longs;um cuneorum plu&longs;culorum compactio <lb/>ne con&longs;tare: Quorum alii capitibus infirmis ad arcum ip&longs;um &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;ideant: alii ad dor&longs;um in&longs;identes nodum &longs;pinæ obtineant: Aln <lb/>reliquum expleant ambitum co&longs;tarum. </s> <s>Non &longs;it ab re eadem repe <lb/>tere: quæ primo in libro recen&longs;uimus. </s> <s>Arcus imer &longs;e differunt: <lb/>Nam e&longs;t quidem rectus/ quem integer &longs;emicirculus con&longs;tituit: <lb/>huius corda per circuli centrum dirigitur. </s> <s>E&longs;t et qui trabis natu <lb/>ram magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> arcus &longs;apiat: hunc <expan abbr="cõminutum">comminutum</expan> dicimus/ quod &longs;it non <lb/>integer &longs;emicirculus: &longs;ed &longs;it eius quota aliqua pars: huius corda <lb/>a centro di&longs;tat et &longs;upra e&longs;t. </s> <s>E&longs;t et copo&longs;itus arcus: quem undem <lb/>alu angularem/alii actum dicunt: qui ex arcubus duobus commi <lb/>nutis componitur: habetque &longs;ua in corda duo duarum flexarum &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e mutuo &longs;ecantium linearum centra. </s> <s>Rectum arcum omnium <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e firmi&longs;&longs;imum cum re ip&longs;a cen&longs;et: tum et ratione argumen: oque<lb/>mon&longs;tratur. </s> <s>Et di&longs;&longs;olui quidem &longs;ponte quo po&longs;&longs;it pacto non ui <lb/>deo: ni cuneorum alter alterum extrudat: ab qua quidem iniu <lb/>ria tam longe ab&longs;unt: ut etiam alter alterius ope confirmetur: <lb/>Quin etiam ubi forte id moliri aggrediantur/ ponderum natura <lb/>quibus aut &longs;ub&longs;i&longs;tunt/aut imbuti ip&longs;i &longs;unt cunei/uctantur. </s> <s>Hinc <lb/>illud Varronis/ quod ait in arcuatis operibus dextra non magis <lb/>&longs;tare ex &longs;ini&longs;tris/q &longs;ini&longs;tra ex dextris. </s> <s>Et &longs;pectare licet rem: Su <lb/>premus quidem cuneus/ qui ad &longs;pinam mediam unicus &longs;it/ quo <lb/>nam modo erit ualidus cuncos propellere collaterales: aut illis <lb/>ip&longs;is <expan abbr="prem&etilde;tibus">prementibus</expan> quando peterit is quidem ex &longs;ede iam occup<gap/>ta <lb/>protrudi? </s> <s>Qui uero proximi per co&longs;tas <expan abbr="&longs;uccedũt">&longs;uccedunt</expan> cunei <expan abbr="libram&etilde;">libramen</expan> <lb/>tis ponderum facile in officio continentur. </s> <s>Demum et alterutra <lb/>ad capita qui &longs;ub&longs;ideant cunei/ quid erit cur moueantur &longs;uperio <lb/>ribus in officio per&longs;i&longs;tentibus. </s> <s>Ergo rectis arcubus/qui &longs;e&longs;e &longs;acile <lb/>tueantur cordam non exigimus: in <expan abbr="cõminutis">comminutis</expan> autem ferream ca <lb/>tenam/ aut quod cordæ uim obtineat/ parietum exten&longs;ionibus hinc <lb/>atque hinc confirmamus: ha&longs;que e&longs;&longs;e exten&longs;iones optamus non bre <lb/><expan abbr="uiores/&qtilde;">uiores/quae</expan> quibus comminutus/qui dee&longs;t ambitus queat integrari: <lb/>Quod ip&longs;um facere ueteres architecti <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> neglexere: et <gap/>om <lb/>minutos omnes arcus ubi id licuit/ nunquam non intra parietum <pb/>latera integrarunt: Quin et præclare illud ob&longs;eruarunt/ut rectis <lb/>trabibus/ubi occ<gap/>&longs;io <expan abbr="præ&longs;tabatur/cõminutum">præ&longs;tabatur/comminutum</expan> arcum &longs;upadduce <lb/>rent: Tum et <expan abbr="cõminutis">comminutis</expan> ip&longs;is arcubus rectos arcus etiam &longs;upadi <lb/>gerent: qui &longs;ub &longs;e po&longs;itos <expan abbr="cõminutos">comminutos</expan> <expan abbr="cõfouerent">confouerent</expan>: et <expan abbr="ponderũ">ponderum</expan> mole <lb/>&longs;tias interciperent. </s> <s>Compo&longs;iti arcus apud ueter<gap/>s non ui&longs;untur. <lb/></s> <s>Sunt qui turrium apertionibus inducedos putent: quo nimia &longs;up <lb/>impo&longs;ita <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> qua&longs;i prora obiecta diffidant: Tam et&longs;i <expan abbr="cõpo&longs;iti">compo&longs;iti</expan> <lb/>arcus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ponderibus confirmentur &longs;upadiectis magis &quml; <lb/>opp<gap/><expan abbr="imãtur">imantur</expan>. </s> <s>Cuneos quibus arcus ducatur omnes de lato/et quo <lb/>ad fieri po&longs;&longs;it prægrandi uelim e&longs;&longs;e ex lapide. </s> <s>Nam e&longs;t quidem <lb/>cuiu&longs;que corporis pars indi&longs;&longs;olubilior: quæ a natura concreta et co <lb/>unita e&longs;t: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quæ <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> manu et arte <expan abbr="cõiuncta">coniuncta</expan> atque compacta <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>E&longs;&longs;e etiam oportet mutuo coæquales/ut qua&longs;i in libra dextera &longs;i <lb/>ni&longs;tris re&longs;pondeant facie/ magnitudiue/ pondere et eiu&longs;modi. <lb/></s> <s>Arcus plures &longs;i ad porticus papertiones <expan abbr="cõtinuatas">continuatas</expan> a columnis et <lb/>capitulis duxeris: facito cunei unde bini aut plures arcus iuncti in <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;urgũt">&longs;urgunt</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> duo: aut pro <expan abbr="arcuũ">arcuum</expan> numero totidem &longs;int lapides et di&longs; <lb/>&longs;ecti: Sed unicus atque idem pror&longs;us integer: quo huius et i&longs;tius ar <lb/>cus capita <expan abbr="cõtineantur">contineantur</expan>: Qui uero &longs;ecnndi proximi in hos primos <lb/><expan abbr="in&longs;urg&etilde;t">in&longs;urgent</expan> cunei/&longs;i <expan abbr="prægrãdi">prægrandi</expan> <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> ex lapide curato ambo/ alter ad <lb/>alterum &longs;uis hæreat <expan abbr="iũctis">iunctis</expan> ad lineam renibus. </s> <s>Tertius qui &longs;ecun <lb/>dos ho&longs;ce operiet lapis ad <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> leges libella <expan abbr="coaptabi&ttilde;">coaptabitur</expan> nexura <lb/>comparili: ita ut <expan abbr="iũctis">iunctis</expan> am<gap/>obus arcubus &longs;eruiat: <expan abbr="amborũque">amborunque</expan> cune <lb/>os detineat captu. </s> <s>Toto in arcu facito ut <expan abbr="iunctionũ">iunctionum</expan> adhæ&longs;iones/ <lb/>et <expan abbr="cõclau&longs;uræ">conclau&longs;uræ</expan> &longs;uum ad centrum <expan abbr="ditigan&ttilde;">ditigantur</expan>. </s> <s>Spinæ cuncum periti <lb/>unico et integro et prægrandi &longs;emper lapide appo&longs;uere: quod &longs;i erit <lb/>muri cra&longs;&longs;itudo maior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut cuneos i&longs;tiusmodi queas integres po <lb/>nere: is demu <gap/> uon arcus/&longs;ed e&longs;&longs;e te&longs;tudo potius incipiet: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb/>nos fornicem appellabimus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Te&longs;tudinum uaria &longs;unt genera. </s> <s><expan abbr="Di&longs;quirendũ">Di&longs;quirendum</expan> quid inter &longs;e diffe <lb/>rant/et quibus lineis <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituantur">con&longs;tituantur</expan>: Fingenda mihi erunt nomina: <lb/>quo &longs;im/ quem e&longs;&longs;e me his libris maxime <expan abbr="elaborandũ">elaborandum</expan> in&longs;titui: fa <lb/>cilis et minime ob&longs;curus. </s> <s>Neque me præterit Ennium poetam ma <lb/>ximas coeli appella&longs;&longs;e fornices: et <expan abbr="Seruiũ">Seruium</expan> cauernas dixi&longs;&longs;e cas e&longs;&longs;e <pb/>quæ in carinarum &longs;int factæ modum. </s> <s>Sed peto hanc ueniam ut <lb/>his libris id tandem &longs;atis putemus dictum latine: quod cum apte <lb/>ad rem: tum et aperti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="ĩtelligatur">intelligatur</expan>. </s> <s>Te&longs;tudinum i&longs;ta &longs;unt ge <lb/>nera/fornix/camera/et recta &longs;pherica: et &longs;iquæ <expan abbr="i&longs;tarũ">i&longs;tarum</expan> quota &longs;unt <lb/>pars: Ex his recta &longs;pherica &longs;ui natura <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i parietibus a circulari <lb/>area <expan abbr="&longs;urg&etilde;tibus">&longs;urgentibus</expan> imponitur. </s> <s>Camera uero te&longs;tudo quadratis debe <lb/>tur areis: Fornicibu&longs; autem areæ <expan abbr="angulorũ">angulorum</expan> quatuor: &longs;eu breuiores <lb/>illæ <expan abbr="quid&etilde;/&longs;eu">quiden/&longs;eu</expan> oblongæ &longs;int: quales uidemus criptoporticus ope <lb/>riuntur. </s> <s>Te&longs;tudo ea quæ perforati ad <expan abbr="m&etilde;tis">mentis</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;imilitudin&etilde;">&longs;imilitudinem</expan> ducat: <lb/>Verbi etiam &longs;imilitudine apud nos fornix appellabitur. </s> <s>Erit igi <lb/>tur id ueluti unum atque item alteros ad arcum arcus adegeris: aut <lb/>qua&longs;i flexæ trabis latitudinem exten&longs;am multo ac protinus dila <lb/>tatam reddideris: Exqua re a&longs;&longs;equemur/ut qua&longs;i in&longs;lexus paries <lb/>in caput pro tecto ad&longs;tet. </s> <s>Sin autem fornicem hanc forta&longs;&longs;is a &longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="pt&etilde;trione">ptentrione</expan> ad meridiem proten&longs;am/tran&longs;uer&longs;a altera fornix ab ori <lb/>ente ad <expan abbr="occid&etilde;tem">occidentem</expan> &longs;olem peruadens totis lineis <expan abbr="&longs;ecuerit/te&longs;tudin&etilde;">&longs;ecuerit/te&longs;tudinem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituent">con&longs;tituent</expan>: quam inflexorum <expan abbr="cornuũ">cornuum</expan> &longs;imilitudine: quæ in angu <lb/>los procurrant cameram <expan abbr="nũcupabimus">nuncupabimus</expan>. </s> <s>Qd &longs;i arcus ip&longs;i complu <lb/>res et coæquales mutuo unicum in punctum medii culminis &longs;e&longs;e <lb/>inter&longs;ecuerint: te&longs;tudinem <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituent">con&longs;tituent</expan> coelo &longs;imilem: rectam inde <lb/>&longs;phericam appellari hanc placuit. </s> <s>Quæ te&longs;tudines aliqua <expan abbr="i&longs;tarũ">i&longs;tarum</expan> <lb/>e partibus con&longs;tet/hæ &longs;unt. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i coeli emi&longs;pherium natura per <lb/><expan abbr="p&etilde;diculari">pendiculari</expan> et recta &longs;ectione ab oriente ad occidentem uer&longs;us duas <lb/>in partes diui&longs;erit: Te&longs;tudines dabit geminas: quæ quidem &longs;ca <lb/>phis emiciclorum pro tecto &longs;unt. </s> <s>Sin autem ab <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tis">orientis</expan> angulo ad <lb/>angulum meridier: et a meridiano i&longs;toc ad angulum occidentis: <lb/>et ab <gap/>&longs;to ad angulum <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trionis">&longs;eptentrionis</expan>: et a &longs;eptentrionali quoque i&longs;toc <lb/>ad primarium illud orientis angulum pari tatione natura <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>&longs;eptum et <expan abbr="cõmutilatum">commutilatum</expan> coeli emi&longs;pherium reddiderit: <expan abbr="re&longs;tudin&etilde;">re&longs;tudinem</expan> <lb/>tum quidem in medio relinquet: quam nos turgidi ueli &longs;imilitu <lb/>dine auleam <expan abbr="nũcupabimus">nuncupabimus</expan>. </s> <s>Inqua uero perficiunda plures forni <lb/>cis partes conu<gap/>iant: quale&longs; uidemus &longs;ex octo ue angulorum are <lb/>a&longs; te&longs;tudinari: hanc no&longs; &longs;phericam angularem appellabimu&longs;. <lb/></s> <s>Te&longs;tudinum <expan abbr="a&longs;truendarũ">a&longs;truendarum</expan> ratio eadem quæ in muri&longs; <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruabi&ttilde;">a&longs;&longs;eruabitur</expan>: <pb/>O&longs;&longs;a enim integra ad <expan abbr="&longs;ũmum">&longs;ummum</expan> u&longs;que te&longs;tudinis ex o&longs;&longs;ibus parictis <lb/>in&longs;urgent: et pro <expan abbr="illorũ">illorum</expan> modo i&longs;tic impo&longs;ita <expan abbr="perduc&etilde;tur">perducentur</expan>: et inter <lb/>&longs;e quota aliqua di&longs;tabunt parte. </s> <s>Ab o&longs;&longs;ibus uero ad o&longs;&longs;a <expan abbr="illigam&etilde;">illigamen</expan> <lb/>ta protrahentur: et media <expan abbr="cõplementa">complementa</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;arci&etilde;tur">in&longs;arcientur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed in hoc d. </s> <s>f <lb/>ferunt: quod in pariete ad rectam regulam <expan abbr="normãque">normanque</expan> et libell<gap/>m/<gap/>i <lb/>des et &longs;inguli ordines <expan abbr="coagmentãtur">coagmentantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="componũtur">componuntur</expan>: In te&longs;tudi <lb/>ne <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> ordines ad flexam regulam/et lapidis omnes <expan abbr="cõclau&longs;uræ">conclau&longs;uræ</expan> <lb/>ad &longs;ui arcus <expan abbr="c&etilde;trum">centrum</expan> <expan abbr="dirigũtur">diriguntur</expan>. </s> <s>O&longs;&longs;a &longs;erme <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> induxere uete <lb/>res ni&longs;i cocto ex latere/codemque <expan abbr="utplurimũ">utplurimum</expan> bipedali: <expan abbr="mon&etilde;tque">monentque</expan> te <lb/>&longs;tudinum complementa ab&longs;oluas lapide leui&longs;&longs;imo: nequid muri <lb/>iniquo abhinc pondere <expan abbr="fatig&etilde;tur">fatigentur</expan>. </s> <s>Con&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> aduerti aliquos <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;ima Semper o&longs;&longs;a perducere: Sed o&longs;&longs;ium loco &longs;par&longs;im <lb/>&longs;tantes inlatus lateres inter&longs;e rui&longs;&longs;e/capitibus pectinatim in &longs;e <expan abbr="iũ">ium</expan> <lb/>ctis: uti &longs;iquis dexteræ manus <expan abbr="&longs;ũmos">&longs;ummos</expan> digitos <expan abbr="&longs;ũmis">&longs;ummis</expan> &longs;ini&longs;tris digi <lb/>tis inter&longs;tringat: Et intermedia complere <expan abbr="cem&etilde;titio">cementitio</expan> conge&longs;tu: et <lb/>præ&longs;ertim pumice <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ueuerunt">con&longs;ueuerunt</expan>: quem <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> lapidem te&longs;tudi<gap/><lb/>tionibus complendis <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;imũ">commodi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e omnes <expan abbr="profit&etilde;tur">profitentur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed ar <lb/>cubus et te&longs;tudinibus &longs;truendis <expan abbr="armam&etilde;to">armamento</expan> opus e&longs;t: id rudis et <expan abbr="t&etilde;">tem</expan> <lb/>poranea quædam e&longs;t contignatio ad flexæ lineæ ambitum diffini <lb/>ta: cui pro corio et cute aut crates aut harundines/aut uilia i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tern">con&longs;tern</expan><gap/>/ &longs;u&longs;tinendæ coaggerationis in te&longs;tudine quoad <lb/>duruerit. </s> <s>E&longs;t tamen inter te&longs;tudines una omnium recta &longs;pherica <lb/>quæ <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> non po&longs;tulet: quando ea quidem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ex arcubus &longs;o <lb/>lum con&longs;tat: uerum etiam coronis. </s> <s>Et quis po&longs;&longs;it referre aut me <lb/><expan abbr="ditari/&qtilde;">ditari/quae</expan> &longs;int horum uterque <expan abbr="ĩnumerabiles">innumerabiles</expan> hærentes ada<gap/>ti &longs;ele mu <lb/>tuo inter&longs;ecantes/ad pares angulos et ad impares: ut quotocumque<lb/>loco per uniuer&longs;am te&longs;tudinem i&longs;tiu&longs;modi aliquem inter&longs;ecueris <lb/><expan abbr="lapidem/plurimorũ">lapidem/plurimorum</expan> intelligasre et arcuum et coronarum <expan abbr="cuneũ">cuneum</expan> <lb/>appo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e: et coronam qui coronæ &longs;upa&longs;truxerit: et iam arcum/ <lb/>qui alterum arcum pduxerit/ fingito uelle id opus labe&longs;cere/ un <lb/>de incipiet? </s> <s>Cunctis præ&longs;ertim cuneis unum centrum petentibus <lb/>pari et uiribus et <expan abbr="ĩnixu">innixu</expan>. </s> <s>Huius te&longs;tudinis firmitate plerique apud <lb/>ueteres adeo abu&longs;i &longs;unt: ut &longs;olum in quotos aliquos pedes te&longs;tace <lb/>as &longs;implices coronas in&longs;trauerint: Cæteram uero <expan abbr="te&longs;tudin&etilde;">te&longs;tudinem</expan> opere <pb/>rumultuario cementariam per&longs;undendo materiem perf<gap/>cerint. <lb/></s> <s>Sed longe cos probo qui interducendum opus cura<gap/>in<gap/> ut qua ar <lb/>te lap<gap/>ies in paricte illigantur/ eadem hic coronæ inferiores pro <lb/>ximis &longs;u<gap/>erio: ibus: et arcus inuicem arcubus locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tari&longs;&longs;imis <lb/>in<gap/> c<gap/>ntur: pra&longs;ertim &longs;i harenæ &longs;e&longs;&longs;iceæ copia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;uppeditabit <lb/>aut maritimis hau&longs;trinis ue opus obnciatur. </s> <s>Angularem quoque<lb/>te&longs;tudinem &longs;phericam modo per eius i&longs;tius cra&longs;&longs;itudinem iectam <lb/>&longs;phericam inter&longs;truas/ poteris attollere nullis armamentis: Sed <lb/>i&longs;tic nexura poti&longs;&longs;imum opus e&longs;t: qua huius imbecillæ partes par <lb/>tibus illius firmioribus arcti&longs;&longs;ime illigentur: Tamen con&longs;eret <lb/>ductis iam una atque alteris lapideis/ et duratis ceronis/ leuia il <lb/>lic &longs;ubillaqueare amenta et an&longs;<gap/>: quibus tantum armamenti com <lb/>mittas: quantum &longs;at &longs;it ferendis coronis his quæ aliquet ind<gap/> in <lb/>pedes <expan abbr="&longs;upera&longs;truan&ttilde;">&longs;upera&longs;truantur</expan> quoad &longs;icc<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;cãt">&longs;cant</expan>: Et deinceps cumb q<gap/>que<lb/>partes duruerint/in quotos quo&longs;que ordines i&longs;ta hæc a<gap/>mam<gap/>&longs; b <lb/>&longs;idia ad &longs;uprema perficiunda tran&longs;terre: quoad u&longs;que opus <gap/>b<gap/>u <lb/>tum reddideris. </s> <s>Te&longs;tudo/Camura/ atque item fornix a<gap/>mamen <lb/>tis &longs;ub&longs;titutis inducatur uece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>Sed uelim i&longs;tarum primes <lb/>ordines/et arcuum capita <gap/> mi&longs;&longs;imis &longs;edibus <expan abbr="c&etilde;mendari">cemmendari</expan>. </s> <s>Neque<lb/>placen: qui prius totos parietes extollunt &longs;olis pediculis mutulo <lb/>rum relictis/quibus po&longs;t tempora te&longs;tudinem <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan><gap/>ittant <expan abbr="in&longs;umũ">in&longs;umum</expan> <lb/>opus atque incon&longs;tans. </s> <s>Quare &longs;i me audient una hi quidem arcus <lb/>et paribus ordinibus cum &longs;uo pariete cui inhæreant/ducentur: <lb/>quo id opus pluribus per&quml; ualde id fieri pote&longs;t firmi&longs;&longs;imis ne<gap/>i <lb/>bus couniatur. </s> <s>Vacua uero inter a&longs;&longs;urgentes inflexus <expan abbr="te&longs;tudinũ">te&longs;tudinum</expan> <lb/>et parietem cui adhæreant relic<gap/>a/ quem lecum fabri coxam nun <lb/>cupant/ infarciantur non tellure aut &longs;olu<gap/>s ruderibus &longs;iccis: &longs;ed <lb/>potius &longs;tructura ordinaria et &longs;tabili/ parietique iteum atque iteum <lb/>connexa. </s> <s>Et placent qui leuandi oneris gra<gap/>a / fictilia ua&longs;a <lb/>a <gap/>aria uacua per coxarum cra&longs;&longs;itudines indidere <gap/>mo&longs;a atque<lb/>inuer&longs;a: nequid collecta illic humiditate ingraue&longs;ecit: Et ce <lb/>menta &longs;uperin&longs;undere ex lapide minime graui / &longs;ed alic quin <lb/>tenaci. </s> <s>Tota demum in te&longs;tudine uticumque illa &longs;it / <pb/>naturam imitabimur: quæ quidem cum o&longs;&longs;a adiunxit o&longs;&longs;ibus: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <lb/>et carnes ip&longs;as intexuit uillulis nexura per omnes diametros <expan abbr="ĩter">inter</expan> <lb/>ductis inlongum/in latum/ in profundum/ in obliqumu? </s> <s>Hoc <lb/>nobis artificium naturæ lapidibus inter&longs;erendis ad te&longs;tudines imi <lb/>tandum cen&longs;eo.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>His ab&longs;olutis <expan abbr="proximũ">proximum</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="in&longs;ternãtur/res">in&longs;ternantur/res</expan> intota ædificatione <lb/>primaria/et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> magis nece&longs;&longs;aria &quml; difficilis: inqua a&longs;&longs;equenda et <lb/>pficiunda omnis <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> cura et diligentia iterum atque iterum ela <lb/>borauit. </s> <s>De his nobis dicendum e&longs;t: Sed prius illud <expan abbr="inter&longs;erendũ">inter&longs;erendum</expan> <lb/>iuuat: quod ad <expan abbr="te&longs;tudinũ">te&longs;tudinum</expan> opus inprimis &longs;pectat. </s> <s>Et enim inter te <lb/>&longs;tudines ab&longs;oluendas differentia e&longs;t: Nam qui arcus aut te&longs;tudo <lb/>&longs;ubiectis armamentis facienda <expan abbr="&longs;it/cõfe&longs;tim">&longs;it/confe&longs;tim</expan> atque minime intermi&longs; <lb/>&longs;o opere a&longs;truatur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: Quæ uero &longs;ine armamentis fiat/in <lb/>tercalationibus prope &longs;ingulos <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ordines <expan abbr="ĩdiget">indiget</expan>: quoad <expan abbr="cõge&longs;ta">conge&longs;ta</expan> fir <lb/>mentur: ne partes noui&longs;&longs;imæ &longs;upadiectæ/pri&longs;tinis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;atis firma <lb/>tis/re&longs;olutæ defluant. </s> <s>Et præterea armamentatis te&longs;tudinibus iu <lb/>uat ilico/ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ũmis">&longs;ummis</expan> conclu&longs;æ fuerint cuneis paulo/ut ita loquar/ <lb/>relentare &longs;ubices/quibus <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> &longs;ub&longs;tineantur: Id quidem ut <lb/>recenti adhuc in opere <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;&longs;i">commi&longs;&longs;i</expan> cunei <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> natent inter <expan abbr="fom&etilde;">fomen</expan><gap/>a et ful <lb/><expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> calcis: Sed <expan abbr="coequabil&etilde;">coequabilem</expan> inter &longs;e acquie&longs;cendi &longs;edem &longs;uis libratis <lb/>ponderibus occupent: Alioquin inter &longs;icci&longs;cendum conge&longs;ta non <lb/>ut opus <expan abbr="po&longs;tulat/cõ&longs;tipatæ">po&longs;tulat/con&longs;tipatæ</expan> <expan abbr="congruer&etilde;t">congruerent</expan>: &longs;ed rimas <expan abbr="relinquer&etilde;t">relinquerent</expan> &longs;e <lb/>dendo: Idcirco &longs;ic fiat/non pror&longs;us adiman ur: &longs;ed indies &longs;en&longs;im <lb/><expan abbr="relent&etilde;tur">relententur</expan> <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan>: ne &longs;i non <expan abbr="att&etilde;perate">attemperate</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ubdemas/crudũ">&longs;ubdemas/crudum</expan> opus <lb/>&longs;equatur. </s> <s>Po&longs;t dies uero aliquos pro operis magnitudine adhuc <lb/>plu&longs;eulum <expan abbr="rel&etilde;tato">relentato</expan>: Sic deinceps facito/quoad lapidei per te&longs;tudi <lb/>nem cunei &longs;e&longs;e coaptent/et opus dure&longs;cat. </s> <s><expan abbr="Relentãdi">Relentandi</expan> modus hic <lb/>e&longs;t: Nam cum operis <expan abbr="armam&etilde;ta">armamenta</expan> in pilis aut ubi <expan abbr="cõducat">conducat</expan> con&longs;titu <lb/>eris: primum illic &longs;ubigis capitibus ip&longs;is armamenti cuneos ligne <lb/>os ad bipennis &longs;imilitudinem acuminatos. </s> <s>Cum igitur relema<gap/>e <lb/>opus libuerit/ malleolo cuneos ho&longs;ce di&longs;trudes &longs;en&longs;im quoad uo <lb/>les/ &longs;ine periculo. </s> <s>Denique &longs;ic &longs;tatuo/non ante integram per <lb/>pe&longs;&longs;am hyemem armamenta e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ubdemenda: Id quidem <gap/>ur<gap/><lb/>ob cæteras res: tum ne imbrium madefactione eneruatum re&longs;o<gap/><pb/>tumque opus proruat: Tam et&longs;i dari te&longs;tudinibus nihil <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> <lb/>pote&longs;t: q ut aquam abunde combibant/et <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> &longs;itim &longs;entiant. <lb/></s> <s>Hactenus de his.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Redeo ad tecti cru&longs;tam. </s> <s>Nempe &longs;i recte interpretamur/nihil e&longs;t <lb/>in toto ædificio <expan abbr="antiquius/&qtilde;">antiquius/quae</expan> habere &longs;ub quo urentes &longs;oles atque e <lb/>coelo cadentes tempe&longs;tates profugiens excipiare. </s> <s>Id adeo benefi <lb/>cium tibi ut perhenne &longs;it/præ&longs;tat non paries/non area/non q duis <lb/>i&longs;torum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan>: &longs;ed una inprimis <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> uidere licet/extrema te <lb/>cti cru&longs;tula: quam ip&longs;am habere contra omnes <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> iniurias <lb/>ualidam/ prout rei nece&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;tulat/ atque <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tantem">con&longs;tantem</expan> hominum <lb/>indu&longs;tria et artes facto rerum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> periculo uixdum &longs;atis reper <lb/>tam reddidere. </s> <s>Neque facile reperiri po&longs;&longs;e confido: Nam cum <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;olum imbrem: uerum et gelationes et æ&longs;tus/et <expan abbr="ommũ">ommum</expan> item infe <lb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi uenti lace&longs;&longs;ere <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> <expan abbr="intermittãt">intermittant</expan>: quis tam a&longs;&longs;iduos <expan abbr="tãqueacerrimos">tanque<lb/>acerrimos</expan> ho&longs;tes tolerare u&longs;piam diutius po&longs;&longs;it: Hinc e&longs;t quod alia <lb/>ilico putre&longs;cunt: alia <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;oluũtur">di&longs;&longs;oluuntur</expan>: alia parietes <expan abbr="deprimũt">deprimunt</expan>: alia fin <lb/>duntur/rumpuntur: alia <expan abbr="ab&longs;tergũtur">ab&longs;terguntur</expan>: ut ne metalla quidem alibi <lb/>contra <expan abbr="tempe&longs;tatũ">tempe&longs;tatum</expan> iniurias inuicta i&longs;tic tam multas perferrc offen <lb/>&longs;iones queant. </s> <s>Sed homines pro locorum natura copi<gap/>m rerum/ <lb/>quæ ad manus &longs;ubueniret non a&longs;pernati/ quoad licuit nece&longs;&longs;itati <lb/>prouiderunt: Ergo uariæ <expan abbr="contegendorũ">contegendorum</expan> operum oita ob&longs;eruatio <lb/>nes. </s> <s>Pyrges inquit Vetruuius/ harundine: et apud Ma&longs;&longs;iliam <lb/>&longs;ubacta cum paleis terra <expan abbr="operiũt">operiunt</expan>. </s> <s>Thelophagi apud <gap/><expan abbr="aramãtas/">aramantas/</expan> <lb/>ut refert <expan abbr="Plinius/te&longs;tudinũ">Plinius/te&longs;tudinum</expan> &longs;uperficiem cru&longs;tis tegunt. </s> <s>Maxima <lb/>pars Germaniæ a&longs;&longs;erulis utitur. </s> <s>In Belgica prouincia candidum <lb/>facilius <expan abbr="&longs;ecãt">&longs;ecant</expan> <expan abbr="lapidem/&qtilde;">lapidem/quae</expan> <expan abbr="lignũ">lignum</expan> tenues in laminas: quas pro tegu <lb/>lis <expan abbr="exponũt">exponunt</expan>. </s> <s>Ligures ætru&longs;cique tegendis ædibus laca&longs;tras <expan abbr="adhib&etilde;t">adhibent</expan> <lb/>cru&longs;to&longs;o ex lapide di&longs;ceptas. </s> <s>Alii <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ta">pauimenta</expan> dequibus mox <expan abbr="referã">referam</expan> <lb/>experti/tandem <expan abbr="oĩbus">oimbus</expan> <expan abbr="periclitatis/nõdum">periclitatis/nondum</expan> tamen ingenia et indu <lb/>&longs;tria <expan abbr="mortaliũ">mortalium</expan> inuenere <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> tegula te&longs;tacea: Nam <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;">pauimen</expan> <lb/>torum quidem opus pruinis &longs;cabre&longs;cit/ findit/&longs;idet. </s> <s>Plumbum <lb/>feruoribus &longs;olis collique&longs;cit. </s> <s>æs &longs;i graue e&longs;t/ magno ponitur: &longs;i <lb/>tenue/ uentis deturbatur/ atque ærugine gracile&longs;cit/ abla<gap/>eratur. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="Tegulã">Tegulam</expan> ciprium <expan abbr="qu&etilde;dam">quendam</expan> <expan abbr="Criniã">Criniam</expan> agricolæ <expan abbr="filiũ">filium</expan> inueni&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ferũt">ferunt</expan>. <pb/>Eius duo &longs;unt genera: unum planum/latum pedem/longum eubi <lb/>tum &longs;pondis hinc atque hinc hirtis extantibus ad &longs;ui latitudinem <lb/>partem nonam: Aliud aduolutum et crurium tuendarum arma <lb/>imitetur: Ambo qua imbrem defluentem capiant apertiores: qua <lb/>cuomant arctiores. </s> <s>Sed plani imbrices <expan abbr="cõmodiores">commodiores</expan> &longs;unt: modo <lb/>ita iungantur ad regulam et libellam/ne in latus <expan abbr="p&etilde;deant">pendeant</expan>: necubi <lb/>lacunæ intercurrant/ aut tumuli extent: nequid tran&longs;uer&longs;i fluen <lb/>tem pluuiam interpellat: nequid interuacuum relinquatur. </s> <s>Va <lb/>&longs;ta &longs;i erit tecei &longs;uperficies/ampliores exigentur tegulæ: ne imbri <lb/>um riuuli canalibus non recipientibus <expan abbr="&longs;uperfundãtur">&longs;uperfundantur</expan>. </s> <s>Tegulam <lb/>ne turbines a&longs;portent/ uelim omnem fultu calcis affirmari: præ <lb/>&longs;ertim in publicis operibus: Nam in priuatis &longs;at erit &longs;i prima &longs;til <lb/>licidia contra uentorum impetum affirmaris: tum et &longs;oluti aptius <lb/>in&longs;taurantur/ubi uitium factum &longs;it. </s> <s>Alioquid id hunc in <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> <lb/>fiet apti&longs;&longs;ime: Nam in tectis <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ligneis a&longs;&longs;ium loco te&longs;taceæ <lb/>tabellulæ ad decurrentes quadrulos extendentur uinctæ gyp&longs;o. <lb/></s> <s>In has tabellulas &longs;uperin&longs;ternentur plani imbrices/ et firmabun <lb/>tur calce: Opus id contra ignes tuti&longs;&longs;imum/et ad u&longs;um <expan abbr="incolarũ">incolarum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="accommodati&longs;&longs;imũ">accommodati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: Et minore fiet impen&longs;a/ &longs;i tabellu&longs;arum lo <lb/>co cannam græcam &longs;ubin&longs;traueris/ calceque firmaris. </s> <s>Tegulam/ <lb/>quam præ&longs;ertim operibus publicis calce affirmaris/uelim non ni <lb/>&longs;i biennio &longs;ub gelu et &longs;ole habitam &longs;umas: Inualida enim &longs;i fuerit <lb/>po&longs;ita/non &longs;ine operis di&longs;pendio tolletur. </s> <s>Subuenit ut illud refe <lb/>ram/quod apud Diodorum hi&longs;toricum celebres illos ad hortos <lb/>pen&longs;iles Syriæ nouo et minime inutili inuento factum legimus: <lb/>Nam in trabibus quidem harundines a&longs;plato oblitas appo&longs;uere: <lb/>in eas coctos lapides coaptauere duplici in&longs;tratura uinctos gyp&longs;o: <lb/>Tertio loco plumbeas <expan abbr="adiũxere">adiunxere</expan> tegulas ita <expan abbr="cõflatas">conflatas</expan> atque <expan abbr="coagm&etilde;">coagmen</expan> <lb/>tatas: ut nullus humor ad primos lateres penetraret.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Venio ad pauimenta: quando ea quidem tectorum naturam &longs;a <lb/>piunt. </s> <s>Horum alia &longs;ubdiuo: alia contignatis: alia non contigna <lb/>tis: utri&longs;que &longs;olidam et ad &longs;uas lineas <expan abbr="exactã">exactam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e oportet <expan abbr="&longs;upfici&etilde;">&longs;upficiem</expan>: <lb/>ubi <expan abbr="inducan&ttilde;">inducantur</expan>. </s> <s>Subdiuo &longs;upficies <expan abbr="fa&longs;tigiabi&ttilde;">fa&longs;tigiabitur</expan>: ut indenos quo&longs;que pe <lb/>des nihil minus binum declinet digitum. </s> <s>Et habebit quo aqua <pb/>defluens aut in ci&longs;ternas excipiatur: aut deriuetur in coaclas. </s> <s>His <lb/>ex cloacis &longs;i aut in mare aut in amnes non poterit refundi/ infun <lb/>dito aptis locis puteos ad aquam u&longs;que &longs;caturientem: fe&longs;&longs;amque re <lb/>pleto &longs;axo globo&longs;o. </s> <s>Id demum &longs;i non licebit/ foueas inquiunt fa <lb/>cito capaces/et indito carbones: deinde completo &longs;abulo/h<gap/>c hu <lb/>moris exuberantiam &longs;orbebunt atque ab&longs;ument. </s> <s>Cæterum &longs;i erit <lb/>areæ &longs;olum conge&longs;titium/fe&longs;tucabitur acurati&longs;&longs;ime et &longs;uperindu <lb/>cetur/cum &longs;catumine rudus: Sin autem erit &longs;ubcontignata &longs;uper <lb/>ficies: tunc altera &longs;uperaffigatur tran&longs;uer&longs;a coa&longs;&longs;atio/ et &longs;tatumi <lb/>netur/et inducatur rudus cra&longs;&longs;um pede: Subrudus &longs;unt qui &longs;par <lb/>tum aut filicem &longs;ub&longs;ternendam putent: nequid materia calcis <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tactu urtietur. </s> <s>Rudus &longs;i erit nouum/ad tres partes una calcis mi <lb/>&longs;ceatur: &longs;i re&longs;iduum ad quinque duæ: inductum con&longs;pi&longs;&longs;etur/ce <lb/>dendo uectibus celeberrime: His ad cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digitorum &longs;e <lb/>num addatur pultis extexta trita: quæ ad tris partis unam habeat <lb/>admixtam caleis. </s> <s>Vltimo in&longs;erantur &longs;ertilia/aut te&longs;ta &longs;picacea/ <lb/>aut te&longs;&longs;ere ad lineam et regulam. </s> <s>Tucius erit opus/&longs;i inter &longs;catu <lb/>men et pulrem imbrices tegulæ iunctæ calce ex oleo <expan abbr="in&longs;tern&etilde;tur">in&longs;ternentur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Pauimentum non &longs;ubdiuale/quod eius ob&longs;ic<gap/>itatem egregie pro <lb/>bant/ &longs;ic fieri iubet Varro: fodito ad pedes binos/ et fe&longs;tucato &longs;o <lb/>lum: et in ducito aut rudus aut re&longs;taceum <expan abbr="pauimentũ">pauimentum</expan>: Dimittito <lb/>apertas nares: unde &longs;uos per canales humor extillet: congerito <lb/>carbones: hi&longs;que proculcatis atque admodum in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;atis inducito &longs;a <lb/>bulone et calce et fauilla mixtam offam cra&longs;&longs;itudine &longs;emipedali. <lb/></s> <s>Hæc quæ hactenus recen&longs;uimus ex Plinio atque inprimis Vetru <lb/>uio interpretati &longs;umus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Nunc quæ de pauimentis ex ueterum operibus &longs;umma et cura et <lb/>diligentia collegerim/referam: a quibus plura me longe &quml; a &longs;eri <lb/>ptoribus profiteor didici&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Atqui incipiam quidem a &longs;umma <lb/><expan abbr="cru&longs;ta/quã&qtilde;">cru&longs;ta/quanquae</expan> non infirmam et rimo&longs;am habere per &quml; difficile qui <lb/>dem e&longs;&longs;e: Nam cum humore pregnans e&longs;t humida/fit &longs;ole uen <lb/>tis ue ut &longs;ummotenus &longs;icce&longs;cat. </s> <s>Ex qua re uti in re&longs;iduo alluui <lb/>onis uidemus luto contrahitur cutis/ atque fi&longs;&longs;uras pandit ine <lb/>mendabiles: Nam illic partes quæ aruerint / quouis ar<gap/>ificio <pb/>amplius non cohærent. </s> <s>Humectæ uero partes facile protrahenti <lb/>bus cædunt et &longs;ecuntur. </s> <s>Cru&longs;tam uideo aut te&longs;taceam impo&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ueteres/aut lapideam: Nam tegulas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> maxime ubi pedibus <lb/>non pre&longs;&longs;entur/po&longs;itas uidi quaque uei&longs;us latas cubito <expan abbr="iũctas">iunctas</expan> calce <lb/>ex oieo: et ui&longs;untur laterculi minuti cra&longs;&longs;i unum lati binum digi <lb/>tum: longi duplo <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> lati iuncti &longs;tantes in latus ad &longs;picarum imita <lb/><expan abbr="tion&etilde;">tionem</expan>. </s> <s>Lapideas cru&longs;tas uidere pa&longs;&longs;im licet ex tabulis marmoreis <lb/>grandioribus: et item ex re&longs;ectis minutioribus atque te&longs;&longs;erulis. <lb/></s> <s>Præterea &longs;pectantur uetu&longs;tæ cru&longs;tæ ex &longs;ola materia: quæ fiat iun <lb/>cta calce/harena et tun&longs;a te&longs;ta minutiore <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> coniector ex ter <lb/>tia. </s> <s><expan abbr="Compercũ">Compercum</expan> habeo cru&longs;tas ha&longs;ce fore firmiores et con&longs;tantiores <lb/>&longs;i partem adieceris quartam tun&longs;i lapidis tyburtini. </s> <s>Sunt qui pu <lb/><expan abbr="teolanũ">teolanum</expan> puluerem/quem rapillum <expan abbr="nũcupant/">nuncupant/</expan> huic operi probent <lb/><expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan> in modum. </s> <s>Cru&longs;tas item quæ ex &longs;ola &longs;int materia obductæ <lb/>experiri licet/ uerberatu crebriore et indies iterato acquirere &longs;pi&longs; <lb/>&longs;itudinem et duritiem prope ut &longs;uperet lapidem: Et cru&longs;tis i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi con&longs;tat/ &longs;i lotura calcis a&longs;pergantur: &longs;i oleo linaceo oblini <lb/>antur/ importari duritiem quandam uitream/et contra tempe&longs;ta <lb/>tes illæ&longs;am. </s> <s>Calcem oleo &longs;ubactam affirmant nihil <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tis">pauimentis</expan> no <lb/><expan abbr="ciuũ">ciuum</expan> admittere. </s> <s>Sub cru&longs;ta uideo affu&longs;am materiam ex calce et <lb/>minutulis te&longs;tæ perfractæ ad cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digitorum binum tri <lb/>numque: Sub ea offenditur qua&longs;i infarctura partim ex te&longs;ta perfra <lb/>cta: partim ex minutulis lapidum/quæ fabri excu&longs;&longs;erint &longs;calpro: <lb/>et hanc ferme cra&longs;&longs;am pedem alibi inter &longs;uperiorem: atque hanc in <lb/>uenio te&longs;taceos laterculos &longs;ub&longs;tratos po&longs;tremo infimum &longs;axa &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;idunt pugnis non maiora. </s> <s>Videre licet in torrente &longs;axa quæ ma <lb/>&longs;cula dicuntur: uti &longs;unt globo&longs;a &longs;ilicea et uitraria/ ilico ex aquis <lb/>&longs;icce&longs;cere: Te&longs;tam uero et tofum et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi diu &longs;eruare <expan abbr="cõcep">concep</expan> <lb/>tum humorem. </s> <s>Exquo &longs;unt qui affirment <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> penetrare <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> <lb/>ad cru&longs;tas humorem ex tellure: ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ubin&longs;tratũ">&longs;ubin&longs;tratum</expan> i&longs;toc &longs;iet &longs;axo pa <lb/><expan abbr="uimentũ">uimentum</expan>. </s> <s>Vidimus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> qui in pu&longs;illas pilas &longs;exquipedales qua <lb/>drato <expan abbr="ordīe">ordine</expan> p <expan abbr="&longs;olũ">&longs;olum</expan> binos in pedes di&longs;po&longs;itas/appo&longs;uere tegulas te <lb/>&longs;taceas: qbus <expan abbr="ī&longs;truxere">in&longs;truxere</expan> &quml;le diximus <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;tũ">pauimentum</expan>. </s> <s>Sed hoc <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;ti">pauimenti</expan> <lb/>genus præcipue ad balneas pertinet: de quibus &longs;uo dicetur loco. <pb/>humore humectoque aere gaudent pauimenta dum fiunt. </s> <s>Et in um <lb/>bro&longs;o atque humido firmiora et integriora &longs;eruantur. </s> <s>Et pat imen <lb/>tis nocua inprimis &longs;unt/&longs;oli infirmitas/et repens ex&longs;iccatio. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>ueluti reiteratis pluuiis den&longs;atur in aruis tellus: ita et pauimenta <lb/>abunde humectata unam integramque in&longs;oliditatem <expan abbr="ferruminan&ttilde;">ferruminantur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Quo in loco pauimenti ex fi&longs;tulis tectorum imber cadens excipi <lb/>tur/ lapideam po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e oportet cru&longs;tam per&quml; integram et admo <lb/>dum &longs;olidam: ne impotentium guttarum a&longs;&longs;idua/ut ita loquar/ <lb/>improbitate refodiatur atque uitietur. </s> <s>Præterea <expan abbr="pauimentũ">pauimentum</expan> quod <lb/>in materia et contignato in&longs;ternitur curandum e&longs;t ut o&longs;&longs;a quibus <lb/>&longs;u&longs;tineatur/uiribus &longs;int ualida et inter &longs;e coæqualia: Quæ res &longs;i <lb/>non erit: puta &longs;iquo loco aut paries aut trabs ualde robu&longs;tior cæte <lb/>ris &longs;ubiccta &longs;it: co loci findetur pauimentum atque uitiabitur. </s> <s>Nam <lb/>cum materia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;emper eodem tenore uigoreque con&longs;i&longs;tat/&longs;ed tem <lb/>porum uarietatibus moueatur/ humidis mo&longs;&longs;e&longs;cit: &longs;iccis ad rigi <lb/>ditatem &longs;e&longs;e reuocat atque obfirmat: ea re partibus eneruatioribus <lb/>&longs;ub pondere laborantibus atque &longs;identibus nim<gap/> um finditur. <lb/></s> <s>De his hactenus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Sed illud nolim præterii&longs;&longs;e quod probe faciat ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan>. </s> <s>Namq, alia <lb/>quidem fundamentis fodiundis: alia complendis. </s> <s>alia parietibus <lb/>artollendis: alia te&longs;tudinibus imponendis: alia cru&longs;tis <expan abbr="obduc&etilde;dis">obducendis</expan> <lb/>tempora atque anni acri&longs;que modus et facies debentur. </s> <s>Et enim fodi <lb/>untur quidem <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> per caniculam atque ip&longs;um p <expan abbr="autũnũ">autunnum</expan> <lb/>tellure arenti et humoris exuberantia fo&longs;&longs;iones non impediente. <lb/></s> <s>Complent etiam haud omnino <expan abbr="incõmode">incommode</expan> ad primum uer/ maxi <lb/>me ubi profundiora &longs;int: nam ab æ&longs;tatis ardoribus &longs;atis protegen <lb/>tur tellure ob&longs;idente atque <expan abbr="circũfouente">circunfouente</expan>. </s> <s>Sed longe commo<gap/>us <lb/>complebuntur ad brume initium: modo ea regio non &longs;it &longs;ub coeli <lb/>axe et eiu&longs;modi: ut e ue&longs;tigio gelet potius q cohæreat. </s> <s>Paries <lb/>quoque <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> æ&longs;tus nimios: tum et acres algores atque &longs;ubitas <expan abbr="gelatiões">gelationes</expan> <lb/>atque præcæteris aquilones uentos odit. </s> <s>Et inprimis te&longs;tudo oium <lb/>maxime æquabilem et contemperatam coeli tempe&longs;tatem optat: <lb/>quoad obfirmauerit opus <gap/>/atque duruerit. </s> <s>Cru&longs;tas perq <expan abbr="att&etilde;">attem</expan> <lb/>perate inducemus ad uergiliarum ortum: et per eos demum dies <pb/>quibus multo afflarint humectarintque hau&longs;tri: Nam ni pror&longs;us <lb/>humectum &longs;it quod cru&longs;ta aut opere dealbario ue&longs;tiatur/ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cohe <lb/>re&longs;cent appo&longs;ita: &longs;ed pa&longs;&longs;im diffi&longs;a di&longs;cerptaque decident: crebraque<lb/>&longs;cabritie opus dehone&longs;tabitur. </s> <s>Sed de cru&longs;ta albarioque opere &longs;uo <lb/>loco diffu&longs;ius dicetur. </s> <s>Nunc ab&longs;olutis rerum dicendarum gene <lb/>ribus/ad reliqua di&longs;tinctius con&longs;ideranda tran&longs;eamus. </s> <s>Et primo <lb/>de ædificiorum generibus et uarietate: et quid cuique debeatur: pro <lb/>xime de ædificiorum <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tis">ornamentis</expan>: po&longs;tremo de i&longs;torum uitus: quæ <lb/>aut opificis errore/ aut temporum iniuria facta &longs;int/ emendandis <lb/>aut in&longs;taurandis tran&longs;igemus.</s></p><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTAE ALBERTI DE VNI <lb/>VERSORVM OPERE LIBER. IIII. INCIPIT</s></p><p type="main"> <s><arrow.to.target n="marg4"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin"> <s><margin.target id="marg4"></margin.target>a</s></p><p type="main"> <s>EDIFICIA HOMINVM ESSE CAV <lb/>&longs;a con&longs;tituta in promptu e&longs;t. </s> <s>Nam principio <lb/>quidem/&longs;i recte <expan abbr="ĩterpretamur/facere">interpretamur/facere</expan> opus ho <lb/>mines coepere: quo &longs;e &longs;uaque ab aduer&longs;is <expan abbr="t&etilde;pe">tempe</expan> <lb/>&longs;tatibus tuerentur. </s> <s>Proxime item pro&longs;ecuti <lb/>&longs;unt non modo uellent quæ ad &longs;alutem e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;aria: uerum et &longs;iqua etiam ad expeditas <lb/>qua&longs;que <expan abbr="cõmoditates">commoditates</expan> a&longs;&longs;equendas conferrent: ea <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;&longs;e præter <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;a uoluere. </s> <s>Inde adeo rerum oportunitate admoniti atque illec <lb/>ti eo deuenere: ut etiam quæ ad uoluptates explendas facerent ex <lb/>cogitarint/indie&longs;que u&longs;urparint: ut &longs;iquis ita dixerit/ædificia fore <lb/>aliqua ad uitæ nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad u&longs;us oportunitatem: alia ad <lb/>temporum uoluptatem diffinita: forta&longs;&longs;is apte ad rem aliquid di <lb/>xerit. </s> <s>Sed cum ædificiorum <expan abbr="circũ&longs;picimus">circun&longs;picimus</expan> copiam et <expan abbr="uarietat&etilde;">uarietatem</expan>: <lb/>facile intelligimus non tantum hos e&longs;&longs;e ad u&longs;us omnia: neque <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> <lb/>tantum aut illorum gratia comparata: Sed pro <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> uarietate <lb/>inprimis fieri/ ut habeamus opera uaria et multiplicia. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i <lb/>ædificiorum genera/et generum ip&longs;orum partes &longs;atis/ uti in&longs;titu <lb/>imus/adnota&longs;&longs;e uoluerimus: omnis inue&longs;tigandi ratio nobis hinc <lb/>captanda &longs;it atque inchoanda: ut homines/quorum cau&longs;a con&longs;tent <pb/>ædificia/et quorum ex u&longs;u uarientur accuratius <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ideremus">con&longs;ideremus</expan> qd <lb/>inter &longs;e differant: quo inde &longs;ingula clarius recognita di&longs;tinctius <lb/>pertractentur. </s> <s>Repetamus ea de re/ quid de hominum cætu par <lb/>tiundo ueteres illi rerum publicarum legumque conditores uiri pe <lb/>riti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;en&longs;erint: qui &longs;tudio/cura/diligentiaque i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus <lb/>per&longs;erutandis atque recen&longs;endis &longs;umma cum laude inuentorumque<lb/>admiratione uer&longs;ati &longs;unt.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>The&longs;eus/ inquit Plutarcus/rem <expan abbr="publicã">publicam</expan> diui&longs;it in eos qui leges <lb/>diuinas atque humanas <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituerent">con&longs;tituerent</expan> atque <expan abbr="interpretar&etilde;tur">interpretarentur</expan>: et eos qui <lb/>artificio <expan abbr="exerceren&ttilde;">exercerentur</expan>. </s> <s>Solon pro cen&longs;us <expan abbr="diuitiarũque">diuitiarunque</expan> copia et modo <lb/>&longs;uorum habuit ciuium ordines di&longs;tributos: ita ut qui minus. </s> <s>ccc. <lb/></s> <s>ex agris annua exciperent prope in ciuium numero cen&longs;endos <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>putarit. </s> <s>Athenien&longs;es primos &longs;ibi habuere uiros doctrina et u&longs;u re <lb/>rum cultos/ac peritos: proximos oratores: po&longs;tremo opifices. <lb/></s> <s>Romulus a plebe equites et patritios di&longs;creuit. </s> <s>At Numa rex ple <lb/>bem diui&longs;am fecit per artes. </s> <s>Apud Gallias plebs pene <expan abbr="&longs;eruorũ">&longs;eruorum</expan> du <lb/>cebatur &longs;orte: Reliquos aut milites fui&longs;&longs;e tradit Cæ&longs;ar: aut <expan abbr="&longs;api&etilde;">&longs;apiem</expan> <lb/>tiæ religionique deditos: quos illi Druides <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan>. </s> <s>Apud Pan <lb/>theos &longs;upremi &longs;unt &longs;acerdotes: &longs;ecundi agricolæ: tertii milites: <lb/>cum quibus et pa&longs;tores et duces ouium. </s> <s><expan abbr="Britãni">Britanni</expan> &longs;uos quatuor di <lb/><expan abbr="uidebãt">uidebant</expan> generibus: Primi erant quibu&longs; fiant reges: alteri &longs;acerdo <lb/>tes: tertio loco milites: po&longs;tremo uulgus. </s> <s>Aegyptii primos dede <lb/>re gradus &longs;acerdoti: &longs;ubinde reges præfecto&longs;que locarunt: tertio po <lb/>&longs;uere ordine bellatores: et <expan abbr="multitudin&etilde;">multitudinem</expan> diuer&longs;e itidem inter agri <lb/>colas pecuarios artifice&longs;que/atque etiam/ut inquit Hcrodotus/mer <lb/><expan abbr="c&etilde;narium">cennarium</expan> et nautam. </s> <s><expan abbr="Hippodamũ">Hippodamum</expan> referunt &longs;uam quoque diui&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <lb/>rem <expan abbr="publicã">publicam</expan> in partes tris: artificem/agricolam/et <expan abbr="propul&longs;ator&etilde;">propul&longs;atorem</expan> <lb/>belli. </s> <s>Non improba&longs;&longs;e Ari&longs;toteles eos ui&longs;us e&longs;t: qui a multitudi <lb/>ne &longs;elegerint dignos: quos <expan abbr="cõ&longs;iliis/magi&longs;tratibus/iudiciis">con&longs;iliis/magi&longs;tratibus/iudiciis</expan> ue præ <lb/>ficerent: Cæteram uero plebem diui&longs;am reliquerint inter agrico <lb/>las/artifices/mercatores/mercenar <gap/>os/equites/ pedites/ et <expan abbr="turbã">turbam</expan> <lb/>naualem. </s> <s>Cui haud multo <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;imil&etilde;">di&longs;&longs;imilem</expan> ex Diodoro hi&longs;torico fui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>apud Indos rem <expan abbr="publicã">publicam</expan> apparet: Nam illic &longs;acerdos/arator/pa <lb/>&longs;tor / artifex / miles/ effori: et qui publicis con&longs;iliis præ&longs;unt<gap/><pb/>Plato rem publicam alteram dixit pacatam e&longs;&longs;e: et ocii quieti&longs;que<lb/>cupidam: Alteram ardentem et bellatricem: prout eorum e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>animi/qui rebus præ e&longs;&longs;ent. </s> <s>Exque animi partibus omnem ciuium <lb/>multitudinem partitus e&longs;t: Vnam eorum/qui ratione <expan abbr="con&longs;ilioquecũcta'">con&longs;ilioque<lb/>cuncta'</expan> moderantur: Alteram eorum qui armis iniurias pro&longs;equan <lb/>tur: Tertiam eorum qui alimenta/ quibus patres et milites &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tententur/ præbeant et &longs;ubmini&longs;trent. </s> <s>Hæc de multis ueterum <lb/><expan abbr="cõmentariis">commentariis</expan> ex cerpta breui&longs;&longs;ime p&longs;trinxi: Ex quibus illud admo <lb/>neri uideor: ut quas collegerim/omnes e&longs;&longs;e rerum <expan abbr="publicarũ">publicarum</expan> par <lb/>tes &longs;tatuam: &longs;inguli&longs;que &longs;ingula deberi ædificiorum genera diiudi <lb/>cem. </s> <s>Sed nos quo ex in&longs;tituto rem totam di&longs;tinctius <expan abbr="trã&longs;igamus">tran&longs;igamus</expan> <lb/>iuuet &longs;ic di&longs;&longs;erui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Mortalium numerum &longs;iquis in partes diui <lb/>&longs;urus &longs;it/quidnam huic aliud principio ueniet in mentem: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut <lb/>&longs;entiat non co&longs;dem cen&longs;endos e&longs;&longs;e: &longs;i una loci alicuius incolas uni <lb/>uer&longs;os con&longs;ideres: atque &longs;i partibus &longs;eparatos di&longs;tincto&longs;que <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;eas">recen&longs;eas</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Proxime naturam ip&longs;am contemplatus num &longs;entiet illos quidem <lb/>inqua poti&longs;&longs;imum re alter ab altero differat: ex ea &longs;ibi re notas ca <lb/>ptandas e&longs;&longs;e: quibus alteros ab alteris &longs;ecernat. </s> <s>Atqui nihil e&longs;t/ <lb/>quo magis homo qui&longs;piam differat ab homine/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> una illa in re: <lb/>qua ab genere beluarum longr&longs;&longs;ime abe&longs;t/ ratione et artium opti <lb/>marum cognitione: adde &longs;i uelis fortunæ <expan abbr="pro&longs;peritat&etilde;">pro&longs;peritatem</expan>: Quibns <lb/>in dotibus omnibus pauci una inter mortales præ&longs;tant atque excel <lb/>lunt. </s> <s>Hinc igitur prima nobis patcbit diui&longs;io: ut paucos ex om <lb/>ni multitudine &longs;eligamus: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> alii &longs;apientia con&longs;ilio ingenioque<lb/>illu&longs;tres: alii u&longs;u rerum et peritia probati: alii opum copia et for <lb/>tunarum affluentia exi&longs;tant celebres. </s> <s>His primarias rei publicæ <lb/>partes <expan abbr="cõmittendas">committendas</expan> quis neget? </s> <s>Ergo egregiis uiris qui con&longs;ilio <lb/>polleant/ prima et cura et moderatio rerum <expan abbr="cõmendabitur">commendabitur</expan>. </s> <s>Hi <lb/>rem diuinam religione &longs;tatuent: iu&longs;ti æquique modum lege con&longs;ti <lb/>tuent: bene beateque uiuendi uiam mon&longs;trabunt: pro auctoritate <lb/>dignitateque <expan abbr="&longs;uorũ">&longs;uorum</expan> ciuium tuenda indie&longs;que augenda <expan abbr="aduigilabũt">aduigilabunt</expan>: <lb/>Atque ubi quid <expan abbr="cõmodum/">commodum/</expan> utile/ nece&longs;&longs;arium fore præ&longs;en&longs;erint: <lb/><expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ip&longs;i ætate forte fe&longs;&longs;i contemplandis rebus occupari maluerint <lb/>&quml; exequendis: demandabunt peritis u&longs;u rerum atque ad agendum <pb/>expeditis: ut de patria bene mereri pro&longs;equantur. </s> <s>Hi uero al <lb/>teri &longs;u&longs;cepto negocio/cum domi &longs;olertia et &longs;olicitudine: tum fo <lb/>ris labore et tolerantia rem ex officio <expan abbr="procurabũt">procurabunt</expan>: dicent ius: du <lb/>ctitabunt militem: <expan abbr="exercebũt">exercebunt</expan> &longs;eque <expan abbr="&longs;uorũque">&longs;uorunque</expan> manus et indu&longs;triam. <lb/></s> <s>Demum cum rebus perficiundis intelligent fru&longs;tra inniti: ni&longs;i et <lb/>facultates ad&longs;int: Ad i&longs;tos igitur proximi ue: quibus aut ex agro <lb/>aut mercatura facultates &longs;uppeditent. </s> <s>Cætera omnis <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ma <lb/>nus et numerus hi&longs;ce primariis prout u&longs;us po&longs;tulet <expan abbr="obt&etilde;perabunt">obtemperabunt</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="&longs;ubmini&longs;trabũt">&longs;ubmini&longs;trabunt</expan>. </s> <s>Hæc &longs;i &longs;atis <expan abbr="conueniūt">conueniunt</expan> ad rem compertum <lb/>quidem habemus <expan abbr="ædificiorũ">ædificiorum</expan> genera deberi alia ciuium cætui uni <lb/>uer&longs;o: alia primatibus: alia multitudini: Tum et primatibus alia <lb/>his qui domi con&longs;ilii&longs;que præ&longs;unt: alia his qui negocio <expan abbr="exercean&ttilde;">exerceantur</expan>: <lb/>alia his qui facultates congerant: Quorum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> quidem cum <lb/>pars quædam ad nece&longs;&longs;itatem/ uti diximus/ pars ad <expan abbr="cõmoditates">commoditates</expan> <lb/>referatur: &longs;it quoque nobis/ qui ædificia <expan abbr="cõmentamur/">commentamur/</expan> par aliquid <lb/>animi gratia dedi&longs;&longs;e: dum premii loco <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <expan abbr="partitionũ">partitionum</expan> exor <lb/>dia e&longs;&longs;e ex <expan abbr="philo&longs;ophantiũ">philo&longs;ophantium</expan> rudimentis repetenda in&longs;tituerimus. <lb/></s> <s>De his igitur nobis dicendum e&longs;t/quid una uniuer&longs;is: quid pauci <lb/>oribus primariis ciuibus: quid minorum multitudini conueniat. <lb/></s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="exordiũ">exordium</expan> ad res tantas unde captabimus? </s> <s>An uti homines i&longs;ta <lb/>&longs;ibi <expan abbr="cõparare">comparare</expan> indies pro&longs;ecuti &longs;unt? </s> <s>Ita et nos a priuatis <expan abbr="egenorũ">egenorum</expan> <lb/>ca&longs;unculis <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> inibimus: et inde ad ampli&longs;&longs;ima i&longs;ta/quæ uidemus <lb/>theatrorum/ termarum/ <expan abbr="templorũque">templorunque</expan> opera perueniemus. </s> <s>Nam <lb/>con&longs;tat quidem orbis gentes diu nuliis cinctas urbium moenibus <lb/>degi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Et &longs;cribunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> hi&longs;torici/ Dyoni&longs;io Indiam pagiante <lb/>nullas fui&longs;&longs;e apud eas gentes muro cinctas ciuitates: Gra ciamque<lb/>olim nullis munitam fui&longs;&longs;e muris &longs;cribit Tuchidides. </s> <s>Etp Gal <lb/>lias item ad Cæ&longs;aris <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora/tota">tempora/tota</expan> <expan abbr="Burgundiorũ">Burgundiorum</expan> gens non urbibus <lb/>eogeban<gap/>ur: &longs;ed pa&longs;&longs;im in uico congruebont. </s> <s>Quin et <expan abbr="primã">primam</expan> qui <lb/>dem fui&longs;&longs;e urbem comperio Biblum a Fo<gap/>nicibus <expan abbr="occupatã">occupatam</expan>: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="circũobducto">circunobducto</expan> &longs;uis ædibus muro cinxerit Saturnus. </s> <s>Tam et&longs;i u&longs;que<lb/>ante <expan abbr="diluuiũ">diluuium</expan> <expan abbr="conditã">conditam</expan> lopem dinumeret Pomponius. </s> <s>Aethiopes <lb/>inquit Herodotus/cum <expan abbr="ægyptũ">ægyptum</expan> occupa&longs;&longs;ent/nullum delinquen <lb/><expan abbr="tiũ">tium</expan> <expan abbr="occidebãt">occidebant</expan>: &longs;ed erat ut terræ cumulos ad uicos/quos <expan abbr="incolobãt">incolobant</expan> <pb/>exaggerarent: Hinc per ægyptum con&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e urbes dicunt. </s> <s>At <lb/>de his alias. </s> <s>Nunc et&longs;i natura quidem uti aiunt/ omnia quæ fi <lb/>unt leuioribus principiis excreui&longs;&longs;e uideam: placet tamen a dig <lb/>nioribus ordiri.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Vniuer&longs;is urbis/et quæ urbis partes &longs;unt publica omnia <expan abbr="deben&ttilde;">debentur</expan>.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Vrbis habendæ <expan abbr="&longs;peci&etilde;">&longs;peciem</expan> cau&longs;amque &longs;i ex <expan abbr="philo&longs;ophorũ">philo&longs;ophorum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>hanc <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituemus">con&longs;tituemus</expan>: ut uitam eo ducant accolæ pacatam/ et quoad <lb/>eius fieri po&longs;&longs;it uacuam <expan abbr="iucõmodis/omnique">iucommodis/omnique</expan> mole&longs;tia <expan abbr="liberã">liberam</expan>: Pro <lb/>fecto iterum atque <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> excogita&longs;&longs;e oportet: qui ponatur loco &longs;itu <lb/>et <expan abbr="linearũ">linearum</expan> ambitu. </s> <s>De his alii aliter &longs;en&longs;ere. </s> <s><expan abbr="Sũmam">Summam</expan> &longs;cribit Cæ <lb/>&longs;ar ad <expan abbr="laud&etilde;/&longs;olitos">lauden/&longs;olitos</expan> Germanos ducere/ ubi lati&longs;&longs;imas <expan abbr="circũua&longs;ta">circunua&longs;ta</expan> <lb/>tis finibus haberent &longs;olitudines: Id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ita quod repentinas <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiũ">ho&longs;tium</expan> <lb/>excur&longs;iones ea re maxime abuetari arbitrarentur. </s> <s>Exercitum in <lb/>æthiopiam Se&longs;o&longs;trim <expan abbr="ægyptiorũ">ægyptiorum</expan> regem <expan abbr="ĩmittere">immittere</expan> de&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan> <lb/>hi&longs;torici: quod <expan abbr="frugũ">frugum</expan> inopia et locorum difficultate ab&longs;terreretur. <lb/></s> <s>Regem A&longs;&longs;yrii <expan abbr="aduenã">aduenam</expan> de&longs;ertis et inaquo&longs;is tutati locis pa&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>nun&quml;. </s> <s>Arabes itidem quod aqua et fructibus deficiant/ab <expan abbr="externorũ">externorum</expan> <lb/>impetu et iniuria æternum fui&longs;&longs;e immunes ferunt. </s> <s>Italiam nulla <lb/>re alia &longs;æpe a barbaris petitam armis &longs;cribit <expan abbr="Plinius/&qtilde;">Plinius/quae</expan> uini ficique<lb/>uoluptate. </s> <s>Adde quod rerum i&longs;tarum copia / quæ ad uoluptates <lb/>faciat/uti aiebat Crates/et &longs;enibus et iuuenibus nocua e&longs;t: Nam <lb/>illos efferatos: hos effeminatos reddit. </s> <s>Apud æmericos/ inquit <lb/>Liuius/regio fertili&longs;&longs;ima e&longs;t: Sed quod <expan abbr="plerũque">plerunque</expan> ubere &longs;olet agro eue <lb/>nire/homines alit imbelles. </s> <s>Contra Ligii quod terram <expan abbr="incolãt">incolant</expan> lapi <lb/>do&longs;im/qua exerceri a&longs;&longs;iduo et extrema uictus parcitate diem tra <lb/>here oporteat: <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> indu&longs;trii et robu&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt. </s> <s>Quæ res cum <lb/>ita &longs;int/huiu&longs;modi forta&longs;&longs;is regiones a&longs;peras et difficiles conden <lb/>dis urbibus erunt qui non uituperent. </s> <s>Alii &longs;ecus: Namque <expan abbr="optabũt">optabunt</expan> <lb/>quidem agi apud &longs;e naturæ beneficio et munere: ut cum ad nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;itates/tum et ad uoluptates et delitias addi amplius nihil po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Bonis enim ut bene utamur/dari po&longs;&longs;e legibus et patrum in&longs;titu <lb/>tis. </s> <s>At uero quæ conferant in uita/iucundiora quidem <expan abbr="nimirũ">nimirum</expan> ea <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e &longs;i domi <expan abbr="&longs;it/&qtilde;">&longs;it/quae</expan> &longs;i aliunde quæ&longs;ito opus &longs;it. </s> <s>Et cupient quidem <lb/>agrum <expan abbr="dari/qual&etilde;">dari/qualem</expan> apud Memphim: <expan abbr="qu&etilde;">quem</expan> &longs;cribit Varro frui coelo <pb/>adeo clementi/ut nulli arborum ne uitibus quidem folia <expan abbr="integrũ">integrum</expan> <lb/>per <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> decidant: <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue &longs;ub tauro monte locis quæ ad aqui <lb/><expan abbr="lon&etilde;">lonem</expan> &longs;pectant: Namque illic Strabo racemos dari <expan abbr="cubitorũ">cubitorum</expan> binum <lb/><expan abbr="atte&longs;ta&ttilde;">atte&longs;tatur</expan>: et &longs;ingulis a uitibus &longs;ingulas uini amphoras: et unica ex <lb/>ficu modios colligi. </s> <s>Ixx. </s> <s><expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue India hyperboreaque in in&longs;ula <lb/>ad <expan abbr="occeanũ">occeanum</expan> colit: cuius agro bis <expan abbr="ãnuos">annuos</expan> fructus capi prædicat He <lb/>rodotus: <expan abbr="Qual&etilde;">Qualem</expan> ue apud Lu&longs;itanos: unde ex reciduis &longs;eminibus <lb/>alteras atque alteras <expan abbr="capiãt">capiant</expan> me&longs;&longs;es: Aut potius <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> Talge Ca&longs;pio <lb/>in monte: qui ager fruges etiam incultus præbeat. </s> <s>Rara hæc: et <lb/>quæ facilius optes <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> reperias. </s> <s>Ergo <expan abbr="præ&longs;tãti&longs;&longs;imi">præ&longs;tanti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> ueteres/qui de <lb/>huiu&longs;modi rebus ab aliis accepta/et ab &longs;e excogitata <expan abbr="mandarũt">mandarunt</expan> lit <lb/>teris. </s> <s><expan abbr="Ciuitat&etilde;&longs;tatuũt">Ciuitaten&longs;tatuunt</expan> ita e&longs;&longs;e oportere po&longs;itam: ut agro <expan abbr="cõten">conten</expan> <lb/>ta &longs;uo: quantum rerum <expan abbr="humanarũ">humanarum</expan> ratio et conditio patitur/nullis <lb/>aliunde petitis indigeat: Et ita munitam <expan abbr="finiũ">finium</expan> ambitu: ut cum ab <lb/>ho&longs;te <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> facile po&longs;&longs;it inuadi: tum et <expan abbr="alienã">alienam</expan> emittere in <expan abbr="prouinciã">prouinciam</expan> <lb/>militem ad arbitrium ualeat ho&longs;te <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> inuito: Sic enim habitam <lb/><expan abbr="ciuitat&etilde;">ciuitatem</expan> et <expan abbr="libertat&etilde;">libertatem</expan> tueri/et &longs;e <expan abbr="imperiũque">imperiunque</expan> multo propagare po&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;entiunt">con&longs;entiunt</expan>. </s> <s>Sed quid ego hic dixerim ægypto ad <expan abbr="laud&etilde;">laudem</expan> inprimis <lb/>datur: quod &longs;it quaque uer&longs;us mirum <expan abbr="inmodũ">inmodum</expan> munita/et penitus inac <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ibilis/hinc mari/illinc de&longs;erti ua&longs;titate obiecta: dextera mon <lb/>tibus abrupti&longs;&longs;imis: &longs;ini&longs;tra paludibus diffu&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis: Tum et agri <lb/>tanta e&longs;t fertilitas/ut e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ægyptũ">ægyptum</expan> ueteres publicum orbis orreum <lb/>dixerint: Solereque deos eo animi gratia et &longs;alutis <expan abbr="cõfugere">confugere</expan>: Hanc <lb/><expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> tam munitam tam fertilem: ut cunctos mortales pa <lb/>&longs;cere/deos ip&longs;os excipere ho&longs;pitio &longs;aluareque po&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="glorien&ttilde;">glorientur</expan>: <expan abbr="nun&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e omni ab æuo liberam te&longs;tatur Io&longs;ephus. </s> <s>Probe <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> ad rem <lb/><expan abbr="admon&etilde;t/qui">admonent/qui</expan> res mortalium ip&longs;ius etiam Iouis in gremio tutas/ <lb/><expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> futuras <expan abbr="fabul&etilde;tur">fabulentur</expan>. </s> <s>Iuuet idcirco illud Platonis imitari/ <lb/>cum <expan abbr="rogare&ttilde;">rogaretur</expan> ubinam e&longs;&longs;ent <expan abbr="præclarã">præclaram</expan> illam quam &longs;ibi effinxi&longs;&longs;et <lb/><expan abbr="ciuitat&etilde;">ciuitatem</expan> inuenturi: non inquit agimus i&longs;tuc: &longs;ed cuiu&longs;modi fore <lb/><expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> optimam &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e deceat pue&longs;tigamus: tu eam cæteris præ <lb/><expan abbr="ferendã">ferendam</expan> ducito: quæ ab i&longs;tius &longs;imilitudine minus aberrarit. </s> <s>Sic et <lb/>nos qua&longs;i exemplaria <expan abbr="affer&etilde;tes">afferentes</expan> eam p&longs;cribamus urbem: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> omni <lb/>ex parte <expan abbr="futurã">futuram</expan> <expan abbr="cõmodam">commodam</expan> docti&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="arbitren&ttilde;">arbitrentur</expan>: in cæteris <expan abbr="t&etilde;pori">tempori</expan> <pb/>et <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> nece&longs;&longs;itati ob&longs;equentes: Illud Socratis tenebimus: ut quæ <lb/>res ita per &longs;e con&longs;tet/ut ni&longs;i in peius queat immutari: e&longs;&longs;e hanc pu <lb/>temus optimam.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Itaque e&longs;&longs;e oportere urbem &longs;tatuimus eiu&longs;modi: ut <expan abbr="incõmodorum">incommodorum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> quæ primo recen&longs;uimus libro/nulla <expan abbr="oĩno">oinno</expan> ad&longs;int. </s> <s>Et &longs;i quæ <lb/>res ad uitæ frugalitatem <expan abbr="opten&ttilde;">optentur</expan> nullæ de&longs;int. </s> <s>Habebit agrum &longs;a <lb/><expan abbr="lubrem/lati&longs;&longs;imũ/uarium/amoenũ/feracem/munitũ/">lubrem/lati&longs;&longs;imun/uarium/amoenun/feracem/munitun/</expan> refertum <lb/>ornatum omni <expan abbr="fructuũ">fructuum</expan> copia/omni fontium <expan abbr="exuberãtia">exuberantia</expan>: Aderunt <lb/>flumina/lacus/mari&longs;que oportunitas patebit: unde <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> &longs;i <lb/>qua de&longs;int <expan abbr="cõueban&ttilde;">conuebantur</expan>: et quæ &longs;up&longs;int <expan abbr="exporten&ttilde;">exportentur</expan>. </s> <s>Denique ad res ciui <lb/>les bellica&longs;que præclare <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituendas">con&longs;tituendas</expan> atque augendas omnia &longs;uppedi <lb/><expan abbr="tabũt">tabunt</expan>: qnibus et &longs;uis præ&longs;idio/et urbi ornamento/et amicis uolu <lb/>ptati/et inimicis terrori &longs;it futura. </s> <s>Et bene quidem agi cum ea ci <lb/>uitate <expan abbr="&longs;tatuã">&longs;tatuam</expan>: quæ <expan abbr="bonã">bonam</expan> aliquam agri partem po&longs;&longs;it inuito bo&longs;te <lb/>colere. </s> <s>Cæterum loca&longs;&longs;e urbem oportet agro <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> medio: unde &longs;pec <lb/>tare in oram &longs;uam/et di&longs;cernere oportuna/et attempate præ&longs;to <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan> <lb/>quo nece&longs;&longs;itas po&longs;tulet. </s> <s>unde uillicus aratorque ad opus prodire fre <lb/><expan abbr="qu&etilde;s">quens</expan> et exagro <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> fructu et me&longs;&longs;e onu&longs;tus <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> reuerti po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Sed parenti ne in campo an littore an <expan abbr="mõtibus">montibus</expan> colloces pmaximi <lb/><expan abbr="ĩtere&longs;t">intere&longs;t</expan>. </s> <s>Nam habet <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> horum quodque qd præ&longs;tet: et <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> qd <lb/>minus probes. </s> <s>Cum <expan abbr="exercitũ">exercitum</expan> Dyoni&longs;ius p Indiam ageret <expan abbr="cõfectũ">confectum</expan> <lb/>æ&longs;tu deduxit ad montes: ilico &longs;alubri captata aura <expan abbr="cõualuit">conualuit</expan>. </s> <s>Et <lb/><expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> occupa&longs;&longs;e urbis <expan abbr="cõditores">conditores</expan> ui&longs;i &longs;unt: quod illic tutiores forta&longs; <lb/>&longs;is futuros intellexerint: Sed aquis deficiunt. </s> <s><expan abbr="Fluminũ">Fluminum</expan> <expan abbr="aquarũquecõmoditates">aquarunque<lb/>commoditates</expan> præ&longs;tabit planities: Sed eadem cra&longs;&longs;iori operit<gap/> coelo <lb/>quæ æ&longs;tate ferueat/hyeme algeat <expan abbr="int&etilde;peranter">intemperanter</expan>: e&longs;tque eadem ad im <lb/>petus aduer&longs;os minus ualida. </s> <s>Littora ad <expan abbr="cõtrah&etilde;das">contrahendas</expan> merces opor <lb/>tuna: Sed quod illi aiunt/maritima omnis urbs <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> nouarum illcce <lb/>bris/et nimia negociantium ui excitata atque uexata a&longs;&longs;iduo flue <lb/>tuat: et ad multos piculorum externarumque cla&longs;&longs;ium ca&longs;us et di&longs; <lb/>crimina expo&longs;ita e&longs;t. </s> <s>Quare &longs;ic &longs;tatuo. </s> <s>Quocumque ponas urbem <lb/>loco/conandum ut i&longs;torum <expan abbr="oĩs">oins</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;moditatis">cemmoditatis</expan> &longs;it particeps: incom <lb/>modis uacet. </s> <s>Et uelim montibus dari <expan abbr="planiti&etilde;/et">planitien/et</expan> planis tumulos <lb/>ubi urbem &longs;tatuam: Id ex arbitrio a&longs;&longs;equi locorum uarietate &longs;i <pb/>non licebit/utemur ad res nece&longs;&longs;arias captandas <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> huiu&longs; <lb/>modi: ut maritimis plagis urbs non littori <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> uicina/&longs;i crit in <lb/>plano: ne ue <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> &longs;emota &longs;i eric in monte &longs;ita reimquatur. </s> <s>Mu <lb/>tari littora te&longs;tantur cum pleræque alibi aliæ urbes: tum in Italia <lb/>Baiæ mari <expan abbr="ĩmer&longs;æ">immer&longs;æ</expan>. </s> <s>Apud ægyptum Pharus/quæ prius mari fue <lb/>rat <expan abbr="circũdata">circundata</expan>: <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> ueluti Cherfone&longs;&longs;us ad <expan abbr="continent&etilde;">continentem</expan> hæret. </s> <s>Sic et <lb/>Tyrum et Clazomenas fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Strabo. </s> <s>Quin et templum <lb/><expan abbr="hãmonis">hammonis</expan> olim fui&longs;&longs;e ad mareferunt &longs;ece&longs;iu: quod maris longe imedi <lb/>terraneis re&longs;titi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Atqui monent aut ip&longs;um ad litus/ aut porro <lb/>longe ab mari ponas: Nam maris quidem auram uidere licet &longs;ale <lb/>grauem e&longs;&longs;e atque a&longs;peram. </s> <s>Ergo cum ad mediterranea præ&longs;ertim <lb/>plana appulerit: humentem illic aerem offenderis inhau&longs;to deli <lb/><expan abbr="que&longs;c&etilde;te">que&longs;cente</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ale/nimirũ">&longs;ale/nimirum</expan> coelum reddit cra&longs;&longs;um et prope <expan abbr="mucul&etilde;tũ">muculentum</expan>: <lb/>ut pleri&longs;que i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in locis uolui <expan abbr="nõnun&quml;">nonnun&quml;</expan> aere telas aranearum <lb/>&longs;imiles uideas: Aiuntque cum aere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ecus atque <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> aquis agi: quas <lb/>in promptu e&longs;t mixtione <expan abbr="&longs;alitarũ">&longs;alitarum</expan> corrumpi/quoad etiam foetore <lb/>oftendant. </s> <s>Probant <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> ueteres præ&longs;ertim Plato: quæ a mari mi <lb/>lia di&longs;tet. </s> <s>x. </s> <s>Qd &longs;i ab mari longe po&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> licebit: &longs;itu <expan abbr="locabi&ttilde;">locabitur</expan> <lb/>quo auræ i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ni&longs;i diffractæ et la&longs;&longs;æ ac depuratæ <expan abbr="appellãt">appellant</expan>: <lb/>Locabiturque pone/ ut <expan abbr="mõtium">montium</expan> intercur&longs;u uis omnis a mari noxia <lb/>intercepta fru&longs;tetur. </s> <s>Ex littore a&longs;pectus ip&longs;e maris per&quml; iucudus <lb/>e&longs;t: neque item <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;alubri lu&longs;tratur coelo: Quæ cnim a&longs;&longs;iduis <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> <lb/>agitatæ continuis <expan abbr="mom&etilde;tis">momentis</expan> re&longs;pirent: has e&longs;&longs;e Ari&longs;toteles &longs;aluber <lb/>rimas <expan abbr="regiões">regiones</expan> putat. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="caueãt">caueant</expan> ne &longs;it mare i&longs;tic herbidu depre&longs;&longs;o <lb/>littore et imer&longs;o: &longs;ed <expan abbr="profundũ/abruptis">profundun/abruptis</expan> uiuo &longs;axo hirti&longs;que ripis ri <lb/>gens: Ip&longs;amque urbem &longs;upbo/uti <expan abbr="loquũtur/montis">loquuntur/montis</expan> dor&longs;o &longs;tatui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>cum ad <expan abbr="dignitat&etilde;/tum">dignitaten/tum</expan> ad <expan abbr="amoenitat&etilde;/tum">amoenitaten/tum</expan> et inprimis ad &longs;alubri <lb/>tatem atque <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> conferet. </s> <s>Nam quo loci ad mare imineant mon <lb/>tes: <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> e&longs;t illic mare <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> profundum. </s> <s>Tum ex mari &longs;iqua ua <lb/>porum cra&longs;&longs;itudo <expan abbr="in&longs;urgat/a&longs;c&etilde;&longs;u">in&longs;urgat/a&longs;cen&longs;u</expan> deficit. </s> <s>Et &longs;iquid repentina ho <lb/>&longs;tilis manus attulerit aduer&longs;i/maturius præuidetur/et tutius &longs;ub <lb/>mouetur. </s> <s>Collibus po&longs;itam urbem probant ueteres: quæ ad ori <lb/>entem uergat. </s> <s>Probant etiam quam pertingat calida in regione <lb/>boreas. </s> <s>Alii forca&longs;&longs;is eam probabunt: que ad <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> prona &longs;it: <pb/>ductique ea &longs;ub coeli facie fertiliores e&longs;&longs;e cultus &longs;en&longs;erint. </s> <s>Atqui <lb/>&longs;ub tauro monte/ quæ partes ad aqnilonem &longs;pectent/ longe ante <lb/>alias e&longs;&longs;e &longs;alubres: ea præ&longs;ertim re qua et fertiles prædicant hi&longs;to <lb/>rici. </s> <s>Demum &longs;icubi in montibus ponendum &longs;it oppidum/ inpri <lb/>mis <expan abbr="animaduertendũ">animaduertendum</expan> e&longs;t: nequod i&longs;tiu&longs;modi in locis a&longs;&longs;olet: ma <lb/>xime ubi cel&longs;iores circum alii &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="attollãt">attollant</expan> colles: grauis et diuti <lb/>na nebularum collectio atram diem/ et fu&longs;cum a&longs;&longs;iduo <expan abbr="rigidũquecoelum">rigidunque<lb/>coelum</expan> præbeat. </s> <s>Tum et uentorum <expan abbr="ĩmodica">immodica</expan> excur&longs;itatio et mo <lb/>le&longs;tia nequid immanius uexet prouidendum e&longs;t: et præ&longs;ertim bo <lb/>reas i&longs;tic: Nam is quidem inquit He&longs;iodus cum cæteros/tum in <lb/>primis &longs;enes reddit torpentes et inflexos. </s> <s>Incommoda erit urbis <lb/>area/ in quam &longs;uperexten&longs;a rupes a &longs;ole conceptos uapores refun <lb/>dat: aut in quam auernæ conualles auram acrius obfundant. </s> <s>Alii <lb/>præcipitiis locorum e&longs;&longs;e urbis latus finiendum monent. </s> <s>Sed præ <lb/>cipitia ip&longs;a ferme omnia/q ex &longs;e contra motus et tempe&longs;tates iua <lb/>lida &longs;int <expan abbr="mõ&longs;trant">mon&longs;trant</expan> cum alibi pleraque oppida/ tum et in æ<gap/> uria uo <lb/>laterræ: labuntur enim temporum ductu: et quæ impo&longs;ueris tra <lb/>hunt in ruinam. </s> <s>Et caui&longs;&longs;e quidem oportet nequis &longs;upra <expan abbr="ĩmineat">immineat</expan> <lb/>contiguus mons: quo occupaio infe&longs;tus ho&longs;tis urgeat: ne ue ulla <lb/>&longs;ubtendatur ho&longs;ti tuta planities tanta: ut eo loci ca&longs;tra uallare ad <lb/>ob&longs;idendum/aut aciem &longs;truere ad <expan abbr="oppugnãdum">oppugnandum</expan> po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Vrbem <lb/>condidi&longs;&longs;e Agrigentinam Dedalum legimus ardua in petra/ dif <lb/>ficili aditu/ut tribus non plus uiris cu&longs;todiretur aptum <expan abbr="præ&longs;idiũ">præ&longs;idium</expan>: <lb/>modo non æque paucis ob&longs;truatur armis exitus/ atque arceatur in <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;us. </s> <s>Cingolum in Piceno a Labieno conditum/periti rei mi <lb/>litaris <expan abbr="uebem&etilde;ter">uebementer</expan> <expan abbr="cõprobant/cum">comprobant/cum</expan> cæteras ob res: tum quod pleri&longs;que<lb/>ferme omnibus montanis oppidis euenit/ut ubi <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cenderis">con&longs;cenderis</expan> æqua <lb/>pateat dimicatio/ id illic non &longs;it: Rupe enim educta et præcipiti <lb/>refutantur. </s> <s>Nec habet quidem ho&longs;tis qui <expan abbr="agrũ">agrum</expan> una circum excur <lb/>&longs;ione populari ac ua&longs;tare ad arbitrium po&longs;&longs;it: neque omnes una ob <lb/>&longs;idebit aditus. </s> <s>nec &longs;e iuxta ca&longs;tris po&longs;itis tuto recipiet: Nec pabu <lb/>latum/lignatum/aquatum emittet &longs;ine periculo. </s> <s>Contra oppida <lb/>nis &longs;it: nam &longs;ubiectis &longs;ubnexi&longs;que hinc atque hinc collibus crebris in <lb/>teriectis uallibus <expan abbr="hab&etilde;t">habent</expan> qua eue&longs;tigio egredi lace&longs;&longs;ere: atque impro <pb/>ui&longs;um ad omnem &longs;ubitam &longs;pem et occa&longs;ionem po&longs;&longs;int irrumpere <lb/>atque opprimere. </s> <s>Neque minus probant in Mar&longs;is <expan abbr="oppidũ">oppidum</expan> Bi&longs;&longs;eium <lb/>ip&longs;o in triuio <expan abbr="confluentiũ">confluentium</expan> hinc atque hinc <expan abbr="fluminũ">fluminum</expan>: atque inde <expan abbr="ualliũ">uallium</expan> <lb/>arcto ingre&longs;&longs;u/acce&longs;&longs;u difficili/a&longs;peris et inuiis circum &longs;urgenti <lb/>bus montibus: ita ut neque loco a&longs;&longs;idere ho&longs;tis/ neque <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> ob&longs;eruare <lb/>uallium fauces po&longs;&longs;it: oppidanis ad &longs;ub&longs;idia et <expan abbr="cõmeatus">commeatus</expan> recipien <lb/>da atque <expan abbr="ĩportanda/et">importanda/et</expan> ad <expan abbr="lace&longs;&longs;endũ">lace&longs;&longs;endum</expan> egregie expeditis.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Hactenus de montibus. </s> <s>Qd &longs;i plano po&longs;ueris loco: et uti <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;ol&etilde;t">a&longs;&longs;olent</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="adfluentũ">adfluentum</expan> ita ut is <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> media forta&longs;&longs;is peruadat moenia: cutato <lb/>ne ab hau&longs;tro aut in <expan abbr="hau&longs;trũ">hau&longs;trum</expan> defluat: Nam illinc humiditas/hinc <lb/>frigiditas adaucta fluii uaporibus mole&longs;tior infe&longs;tiorque pueniet. <lb/></s> <s>Sin <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> extra oppidi &longs;eptum præterlabetur: præ&longs;tanda erit <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>regio/et quibus eo &longs;it uentis aditus expeditior/his muros <expan abbr="abiici&etilde;">abiiciem</expan> <lb/>dos: fluuius habendus pone. </s> <s>In cæteris illud nautarum faciet ad <lb/>rem/quod putant <expan abbr="u&etilde;tos">uentos</expan> quidem natura &longs;ui <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> &longs;ub&longs;equi &longs;olere <lb/>&longs;olem et orientales auras. </s> <s>Aiunt phy&longs;ici mane diei puriores e&longs;&longs;e: <lb/>cadente &longs;ole humidiores. </s> <s>Contra occidentales e&longs;&longs;e auras &longs;urgente <lb/>&longs;ole &longs;pi&longs;&longs;iores: <expan abbr="occid&etilde;te">occidente</expan> leuiores. </s> <s>Quæ res &longs;i ita e&longs;t/fluenta ad ori <lb/>entem atque item ad <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan> dimi&longs;&longs;a haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> <expan abbr="improbabũtur">improbabuntur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Nam cum &longs;ole ip&longs;o perueniens aura aut di&longs;pellet &longs;iquid trans ur <lb/>bem exhalarit uaporis nocui/aut &longs;uo acce&longs;&longs;u min<gap/><expan abbr="nũ">num</expan> adaugebit. <lb/></s> <s>Po&longs;tremo ad boream <expan abbr="fluenta/iacũ">fluenta/iacum</expan> et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="&longs;ubt&etilde;di">&longs;ubtendi</expan> <expan abbr="malim/&qtilde;">malim/quae</expan> <lb/>ad <expan abbr="hau&longs;trũ">hau&longs;trum</expan>: modo ne &longs;it <expan abbr="oppidũ">oppidum</expan> po&longs;t <expan abbr="umbrã">umbram</expan> montis po&longs;itum: quo <lb/><expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;t">cent</expan> nihil tri&longs;tius. </s> <s>Sino cætera quæ &longs;upra di&longs;&longs;eruimus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cõ">Com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="pertũ">pertum</expan> habent hau&longs;trum grauem <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e et natura moro&longs;um: ut <lb/>eius mole pre&longs;&longs;is uelis nauigia qua&longs;i addito <expan abbr="põdere">pondere</expan> multo obmer <lb/><expan abbr="gan&ttilde;">gantur</expan>. </s> <s>At Borea contra mare prora&longs;que leuigari: Sed <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> quiduis <lb/>præ&longs;tat <expan abbr="&longs;ubmotũ">&longs;ubmotum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> <expan abbr="procul/&qtilde;">procul/quae</expan> aut <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;um">immi&longs;&longs;um</expan> aut ad muros <expan abbr="adrũctũ">adrunctum</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="applicitũ">applicitum</expan>. </s> <s>Et præ&longs;ertim reprobant <expan abbr="fluuiũ">fluuium</expan> qui depre&longs;&longs;us ripis <lb/><expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> hirtis/profundo alueo/&longs;axeo umbro&longs;oque &longs;luat: quod is <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <lb/>et potus det nocuos: et aerem <expan abbr="in&longs;alubr&etilde;">in&longs;alubrem</expan>: tum et a &longs;tagno paludeque<lb/>pigra et luto&longs;a longe abfugi&longs;&longs;e oino <expan abbr="prud&etilde;tis">prudentis</expan> ac bene <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ulti">con&longs;ulti</expan> e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s>Non repeto coeli morbos qui infunduntur i&longs;tinc/inatas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ha <lb/>bent cum cæteras æ&longs;tiuas pe&longs;tes foetoris/culicum <expan abbr="foedi&longs;&longs;imorũque">foedi&longs;&longs;imorunque</expan><pb/>uermium et e/u&longs;modi: Tum et ubi alioquin ter&longs;i&longs;&longs;ima ppurgati&longs; <lb/>&longs;imaque putes <expan abbr="e&etilde;">eem</expan>: illud <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> dee&longs;t ut quod de planis diximus: multo <lb/>i<gap/>ta magis atque magis hyeme algeant: et &longs;ub æ&longs;tu <expan abbr="int&etilde;peranter">intemperanter</expan> fer <lb/>ueant. </s> <s>Po&longs;tremo <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> atque iteru prouidi&longs;&longs;e oportet/ne &longs;iue mons <lb/>&longs;iue rupes/&longs;iue lacus/&longs;iue palus/&longs;iue flumen/&longs;iue &longs;ons/&longs;iue quid <lb/>uis horum ita &longs;e babent: ut ho&longs;tem munire tutarique/ aut urbi et ci <lb/>uibus afferre ulla ex parte <expan abbr="incõmodum">incommodum</expan> po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Hæc de urbium <lb/>regione ac &longs;itu hactenus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Ip&longs;ius urbis ambitum et partium <expan abbr="di&longs;tribution&etilde;">di&longs;tributionem</expan> intelligimus pro <lb/><expan abbr="locorũ">locorum</expan> uarietate futuram e&longs;&longs;e oportere uariam: <expan abbr="quãdoquid&etilde;">quandoquidem</expan> mon <lb/>tibus non dari inpromptu e&longs;t: ut &longs;eu <expan abbr="rotundã/&longs;eu">rotundan/&longs;eu</expan> <expan abbr="quadrãgulam">quadrangulam</expan> / <lb/>aut quam aliam probes/ murorum <expan abbr="de&longs;cription&etilde;">de&longs;criptionem</expan> po&longs;&longs;is æque atque<lb/>aperto in plano ducere. </s> <s>Veteres architecti oppidis circ<gap/>dandis/ <lb/><expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> angulos improbarunt: quod ho&longs;tibus lace&longs;&longs;entibus magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>incolis <expan abbr="defend&etilde;tibus">defendentibus</expan> <expan abbr="opitulen&ttilde;">opitulentur</expan>: quod item ad <expan abbr="machinarũ">machinarum</expan> iniurias to <lb/>lerandas &longs;int <expan abbr="nequa&qtilde;">nequaquae</expan> ualidi. </s> <s>Et certe anguli ad in&longs;idias atque telo <lb/><expan abbr="rũ">rum</expan> mi&longs;&longs;iones/expugnatoribus <expan abbr="nõnihil">nonnihil</expan> conferunt: ubi excuri endi <lb/>et &longs;e&longs;e recipiendi facultas præ&longs;tetur. </s> <s>Montanis <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> urbibus <expan abbr="iid&etilde;">iidem</expan> <lb/>maximo <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> præ&longs;idio &longs;unt: ubi &longs;e aduer&longs;us uiarum occur&longs;us <lb/>offerant. </s> <s>Ad Peru&longs;iam urbem celebrem/quod uicos hac illac qua&longs;i <lb/>a manu di&longs;pan&longs;os digitos p obductos colles porrigat: &longs;i uolet ho <lb/>&longs;tis anguli frontem petere/non patebit illic ubi multa ince&longs;&longs;et ma <lb/>nu/ et qua&longs;i aliqua &longs;ubin&longs;idente arce exceptas/ tela eruptione&longs;que<lb/>non perferet. </s> <s>Itaque non locis omnibus circundandæ uibis una ea <lb/>demque ratio e&longs;t. </s> <s>Po&longs;tremo inquiunt ueteres/urbem atque nauim <lb/>haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> e&longs;&longs;e oportere tam amplam/ ut uacillet uacua/aut non <lb/>&longs;ufficiat plena: Sed alii quod tutiorem putarint/conferti&longs;&longs;imam uo <lb/>luere: Alii quod optimam &longs;ibi &longs;pem pollicerentur in po&longs;terum/ &longs;a <lb/>xioribus &longs;patiis delectati &longs;unt: Alii forta&longs;&longs;is celebritati et nomi <lb/>nis po&longs;teritati con&longs;uluerunt. </s> <s>Namque urbem quidem &longs;olis a Eu&longs;i <lb/>ride conditam/ quam Thebem nuncupant. </s> <s>CXL. </s> <s>Memphim <gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>tena et quinquaginta: Babylonem &longs;upra trecenta item quinqua <lb/>ginta: <expan abbr="Niniu&etilde;">Niniuem</expan> bis ducenta atque. </s> <s>lxxx. </s> <s>circui&longs;&longs;e &longs;tadia ex <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> <lb/>hi&longs;toriis comperio. </s> <s>Et fuerunt qui tantum conclu&longs; <gap/>rint areæ: <pb/>ut intra &longs;eptum ex urbis &longs;olo annua alimenta colligerent. </s> <s>Hic ex <lb/>uetere prouerbio illud probarim qd aiunt/omnia ut nihil nimis: <lb/>aut &longs;i in <expan abbr="alterã">alteram</expan> pecea&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> iuuet: hanc malim quæ ad <expan abbr="auctũ">auctum</expan> ci <lb/>uium <expan abbr="numerũ">numerum</expan> <expan abbr="percõmode">percommode</expan> po&longs;&longs;it excipere: &quml; quæ &longs;uos hone&longs;te <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>capiat. </s> <s>Adde quod <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad <expan abbr="tectorũ">tectorum</expan> modo u&longs;um et <expan abbr="nece&longs;&longs;itat&etilde;">nece&longs;&longs;itatem</expan> urbs ha <lb/>beda e&longs;t: uerum et ita <expan abbr="hab&etilde;da">habenda</expan> ut a curis ciuilibus ad <expan abbr="platearũ/cur">platearun/cur</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="riculorũ/ortorũque">riculorun/ortorunque</expan> et <expan abbr="ambulationũ">ambulationum</expan> et <expan abbr="natationũ">natationum</expan> et <expan abbr="huiu&longs;mõi">huiu&longs;moni</expan> orna <lb/><expan abbr="m&etilde;ta">menta</expan> delitia&longs;que graui&longs;&longs;ima pateant &longs;patia et diuer&longs;iones.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Referunt ueteres/ Varro/Plutarcus aliique: &longs;olitos maiores <expan abbr="urbiũ">urbium</expan> <lb/>moenia ritu et religione diffinire: Iugatis enim bobus mare et foe <lb/>mina diu au&longs;picato <expan abbr="æneũ">æneum</expan> <expan abbr="aratrũ">aratrum</expan> <expan abbr="trahebãt">trahebant</expan>: &longs;iebatque &longs;ulcus primige <lb/>nius: quo <expan abbr="moeniũ">moenium</expan> ambitus de&longs;ignaretur: Boue femella interiore: <lb/>ma&longs;culo exteriore <expan abbr="&longs;equeban&ttilde;">&longs;equebantur</expan> aratrum. </s> <s>Coloni patres glebas &longs;ub <lb/>motas et &longs;par&longs;as pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;um in <expan abbr="&longs;ulcũ">&longs;ulcum</expan> refundentes incumulante&longs;que<lb/>nequid <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;eminare&ttilde;">di&longs;&longs;eminaretur</expan>: cum ad locos <expan abbr="portarũ">portarum</expan> uentum erat aratrum <lb/>manibus <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;tinebãt">&longs;u&longs;tinebant</expan>: quo intactum <expan abbr="portarũ">portarum</expan> limen <expan abbr="reliuquere&ttilde;">reliuqueretur</expan>. </s> <s>Ea <lb/>re præter portas totos <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> ambitus et opus <expan abbr="&longs;acratũ">&longs;acratum</expan> ducebat. <lb/></s> <s>Portas ne appellare <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;acras erat fas. </s> <s>Per Romuli tempora <lb/>inquit Dyoni&longs;ius alicarna&longs;&longs;eus/patres inchoandis urbibus &longs;olitos <lb/>facto &longs;acrificio ignes ante tabernacula incendere: eoque <expan abbr="populũ">populum</expan> edu <lb/>cere: ut expiationis gratia <expan abbr="flãmas">flammas</expan> tran&longs;il<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan>: Pollutos nimirum <lb/>ad eam rem &longs;acram <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="admitt&etilde;dos">admittendos</expan> <expan abbr="arbitraban&ttilde;">arbitrabantur</expan>. </s> <s>Hæc illi. </s> <s>Alibi <lb/><expan abbr="cõperio">comperio</expan> pro&longs;eminata puluere ex tellure <expan abbr="alba/quã">alba/quam</expan> puram <expan abbr="nũcupãt">nuncupant</expan> <lb/>&longs;olitos <expan abbr="ponendorũ">ponendorum</expan> <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> lineam de&longs;ignare. </s> <s>Et Alexandrum in <lb/>huius telluris <expan abbr="locũ/cum">locun/cum</expan> Pharon conderet/quod pura defeci&longs;&longs;et/ fa <lb/>rinam &longs;ubieci&longs;&longs;e: quæ res uatibus futura <expan abbr="prædic&etilde;di">prædicendi</expan> <expan abbr="occa&longs;ion&etilde;">occa&longs;ionem</expan> præ <lb/>&longs;titit:quod i&longs;tiu&longs;modi præ&longs;agiis p natales uibium dies annotatis cer <lb/>tos putarent cuentus temporum po&longs;&longs;e prædicari. </s> <s>Quin et apud <lb/>ætru&longs;cos ritualibus libr is <expan abbr="doceban&ttilde;">docebantur</expan> quænam <expan abbr="for&etilde;t">forent</expan> ex natali <expan abbr="uibiũ">uibium</expan> <lb/>die &longs;ecula &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;ura: Id quidem non &longs;pectato coelo/dequa re &longs;u <lb/>pra <expan abbr="&longs;ecũdo">&longs;ecundo</expan> diximus libro: &longs;ed captis ex <expan abbr="præ&longs;entiũ">præ&longs;entium</expan> <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> <lb/>atque <gap/>iectura. </s> <s>Sic eos &longs;crip&longs;i&longs;&longs;e meminit <expan abbr="C&etilde;&longs;orĩus">Cen&longs;orinus</expan>. </s> <s>Quo die urbes <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;tituã&ttilde;/de">con&longs;tituantur/de</expan> his q eo die nati <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>:q diuti&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="uixerĩt">uixerint</expan> die mortis <lb/>&longs;uæ/primi &longs;eculi <expan abbr="modulũ">modulum</expan> finire: eoque die q <expan abbr="c&etilde;nt">cennt</expan> reliqui <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ciuitate: <pb/>de his rur&longs;um eius mortem/ qui <expan abbr="longi&longs;&longs;imã">longi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> egi&longs;&longs;et ætatem/ <expan abbr="fin&etilde;">finem</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e &longs;eculi &longs;ecundi. </s> <s>Sic deinceps tempus <expan abbr="reliquarũ">reliquarum</expan> terminari: mit <lb/>ti a diis portenta/quibus admoneremur quodque &longs;eculum e&longs;&longs;e fini <lb/>tum. </s> <s>Hæc illi: Tum et addunt his <expan abbr="argum&etilde;tis">argumentis</expan> ætru&longs;cos didici&longs;&longs;e <lb/>perpulchre &longs;ua &longs;ecula. </s> <s>Sic enim <expan abbr="mandarũt">mandarunt</expan> memoriæ quatuor pri <lb/>ma &longs;uorum &longs;ecula <expan abbr="annorũ">annorum</expan> fui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>C. <expan abbr="Quintũ">Quintum</expan>. </s> <s>cxxiii. </s> <s><expan abbr="Sextũ">Sextum</expan>. </s> <s>xx. <lb/></s> <s>et. </s> <s>C. <expan abbr="Septimũ">Septimum</expan> totitem. </s> <s><expan abbr="Octauũ">Octauum</expan> tum <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> agi per tempora Cæ <lb/>&longs;arum. </s> <s>Nonum et <expan abbr="decimũ">decimum</expan> &longs;upere&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Tum et &longs;ecula ip&longs;a qualia <lb/>futura &longs;int <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ignorari <expan abbr="arbitraban&ttilde;">arbitrabantur</expan> hi&longs;ce inditiis. </s> <s>Romam qdem <lb/>orbis <expan abbr="imperiũ">imperium</expan> habituram ex eo <expan abbr="coniectarũt">coniectarunt</expan>: quod qua die <expan abbr="cõdita">condita</expan> &longs;it <lb/>ex natis per eam diem unus regnum adeptus &longs;it: Hunc <expan abbr="ĩuenio">inuenio</expan> fu <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e Numam: Nam <expan abbr="cõditam">conditam</expan> urbem <gap/> <expan abbr="natũ">natum</expan> Numam. </s> <s>xiii. </s> <s><expan abbr="chal&etilde;">chalem</expan> <lb/>das maias meminit Plutarcus. </s> <s>At muro <expan abbr="incinetã">incinetam</expan> urbem Lacenæ <lb/>quod non <expan abbr="haber&etilde;t">haberent</expan> <expan abbr="gloriaban&ttilde;">gloriabantur</expan>: Freti enim &longs;uorum <expan abbr="ciuiũ">ciuium</expan> armis et ro <lb/>bore/&longs;atis &longs;e quidem <expan abbr="putabãt">putabant</expan> munitos e&longs;&longs;e legibus. </s> <s>Aegyptii <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> <lb/>Per&longs;æque contra maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodũ">immodum</expan> &longs;uas urbes <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> pra&longs;idiis mu <lb/>niendas putarunt: Namque cum alii/tum et Niniues/atque item Se <lb/>miramis <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> &longs;uis e&longs;&longs;e urbibus uoluere/ut iuncti <lb/>currus <expan abbr="&longs;upremã">&longs;upremam</expan> per operis <expan abbr="amplitudin&etilde;">amplitudinem</expan> traherentur: Altitudineque<lb/>tanta eduxere/ut <expan abbr="centenũ">centenum</expan> excederent cubitum. </s> <s>Apud Tyrum al <lb/>ta fui&longs;&longs;e moenia pedes. </s> <s>CL. meminit Arrianus. </s> <s>Et compti qui ne <lb/>unis tantum <expan abbr="cõtenti">contenti</expan> fuerint moenibus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Carthagin&etilde;&longs;es">Carthaginen&longs;es</expan> triplici ur <lb/>bem cinxere muro: Deioces urbem Cebatanam/ tam et&longs;i e&longs;&longs;et in <lb/>ædito po&longs;ita/ &longs;eptimo cinxi&longs;&longs;e orbe ait Herodotus. </s> <s>Nos uero <lb/>quando ad <expan abbr="tuendã">tuendam</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;alut&etilde;">&longs;alutem</expan> et <expan abbr="libertat&etilde;">libertatem</expan> ho&longs;tibus aut fortuna aut nu <lb/>mero &longs;upantibus poti&longs;&longs;ima ine&longs;&longs;e ip&longs;is inmuris præ&longs;idia intelligi <lb/>mus. </s> <s>Neque i&longs;tos probamus/qui pror&longs;us <expan abbr="nudã">nudam</expan> uoluerint <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan>: <lb/>neque illos qui <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">oemm</expan> tuendi &longs;ui &longs;pem/ip&longs;a in <expan abbr="moeniũ">moenium</expan> <expan abbr="extructiõe">extructione</expan> po <lb/>&longs;ai&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="uidean&ttilde;">uideantur</expan>. </s> <s>Platoni <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> a&longs;&longs;entior: Nam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ciuitati <lb/>cuiuis in&longs;itum atque innatum/ut &longs;ingulis momentis temporis &longs;it <lb/>periculis proxima captiuitatis: quando ita &longs;eu natura/ &longs;eu homi <lb/>num moribus comparatum &longs;it: ut habendi terminos et concupi <lb/>&longs;cendi fines/nullius ratio &longs;ibi neque publice neque priuatim præ <lb/>&longs;crip&longs;erit. </s> <s>Ex qua una poti&longs;&longs;imum re armorum omnis iniuria <pb/>oborta e&longs;t. </s> <s>Quæ &longs;i ita &longs;int/utique cu&longs;todibus cu&longs;todias/ et muniti <lb/>onibus munitiones addendas quis negabit? </s> <s>Cæterum quod alibi <lb/><expan abbr="diximus/omniũ">diximus/omnium</expan> erit capaci&longs;&longs;ima urbs/quæ &longs;it <expan abbr="rotũda">rotunda</expan>: tuti&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>quæ &longs;inuo&longs;is anfractibus murorum obualletur: qualem fui&longs;&longs;e hie <lb/>ro&longs;olimam &longs;eribit Tacitus. </s> <s>Non enim &longs;ine di&longs;erimine ho&longs;tem in <lb/>tra &longs;inus/aut certa <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;pe &longs;rontibus machinas <expan abbr="admoturũ">admoturum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;tacuũt">&longs;tacuunt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="Cõmoditatibus">Commoditatibus</expan> tamen ip&longs;o ex oppido capiendis pro&longs;piciemus: <lb/>quam rem pro locorum oportunitate et nece&longs;&longs;itate feci&longs;&longs;e ueteres <lb/>aduertimus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> Antium quidem uetu&longs;tam urbem latinam ad <lb/>littoris &longs;inum <expan abbr="amplexandã/oblongum">amplexandan/oblongum</expan> fui&longs;&longs;e ex ueteris ruinæ re&longs;i <lb/>duis apparet. </s> <s>Carræ ad Nilum quoque <expan abbr="oblongũ">oblongum</expan> <expan abbr="tendũtur">tenduntur</expan>. </s> <s>Polum <lb/>botram urbem <expan abbr="Indorũ">Indorum</expan> in gra&longs;iis longam fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;erip&longs;it Mega&longs;the <lb/>nes &longs;tadia. </s> <s>lxxx. </s> <s>latam. </s> <s>xv. </s> <s>di&longs;tentam <expan abbr="&longs;ecundũ">&longs;ecundum</expan> <expan abbr="fluuiũ">fluuium</expan>. </s> <s>Quadran <lb/>gulum habui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="murorũ">murorum</expan> ductum <expan abbr="Babylon&etilde;">Babylonem</expan>: Memphim uero in <lb/>deltæ litteræ <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> perfinitam referüt. </s> <s>Denique <expan abbr="quãeumque">quaneumque</expan> proba <lb/>ris ambitus de&longs;criptionem/ &longs;at pro rei nece&longs;&longs;itate proui&longs;um putat <lb/>Vegetius: &longs;i tam latos po&longs;ueris muros/ ut propul&longs;atores armari <lb/>mutuo &longs;e obuia excur&longs;ione non impediant: Si excitarimus tam al <lb/>tos/ut &longs;calis admotis <expan abbr="trã&longs;cendi">tran&longs;cendi</expan> nequeant: Si ita calce &longs;tructuraque<lb/>firmarimus/ut arieti machini&longs;que no cedant. </s> <s>Etenim machinarum <lb/>duo &longs;unt genera: <expan abbr="Vnũ/quo">Vnun/quo</expan> ietu impul&longs;uque <expan abbr="pro&longs;ternũt">pro&longs;ternunt</expan> opus: Al <lb/><expan abbr="terũ">terum</expan> quo &longs;uffodiunt muros atque <expan abbr="&longs;ubruũt">&longs;ubruunt</expan>. </s> <s>Vtri&longs;que magna exparte <lb/>prouidebitur <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> muro magis q fo&longs;&longs;a: Nam <expan abbr="murũ">murum</expan> i&longs;tic ni&longs;i ab infi <lb/>ma aqua aut firmo a lapide <expan abbr="perductũ">perductum</expan> non probant: &longs;ed ip&longs;am fo&longs; <lb/>&longs;am et latam et <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> profundam exigut. </s> <s>Nam ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> te&longs;tu <lb/><expan abbr="din&etilde;">dinem</expan> et turrim a<gap/><expan abbr="ulatoriã">ulatoriam</expan> et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi excludet: ne admoueri <lb/>iuxta queant: Et inuenta aqua aut &longs;axo/ omnis <expan abbr="cuniculorũ">cuniculorum</expan> agen <lb/>dorum conatus fru&longs;trabitur. </s> <s>E&longs;t apud militares quæ&longs;tio/ fo&longs;lam <lb/>ne præ&longs;tet aqua repletam habere: an &longs;iccam præferant. </s> <s><expan abbr="Incolarũ">Incolarum</expan> <lb/>enim ualitudini/non in po&longs;tremis con&longs;ulendum &longs;tatuunt: tum et <lb/>hanc probant/ in qua &longs;iquid mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetu corruerit/ ilico id <lb/>tollere et purgare po&longs;&longs;is commode: ne i&longs;tinc aggeratus ingre&longs;&longs;us <lb/>ho&longs;ti relinquatur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Sed redeo ad moenia. </s> <s>De his ducendis &longs;ic monent ueteres/ inter <pb/>uallo ulgenum pedum interpo&longs;ito/ duo intrin&longs;ecus muri fabrici <lb/>tentur: deinde terra ex fo&longs;&longs;is ege&longs;ta intermittatur uectibu&longs;que den <lb/>&longs;etur: tollenturque muri i&longs;tiu&longs;modi ita/ ut de plano ciuitatis ad &longs;i <lb/>militudinem gradus qua&longs;i cliuo molli u&longs;que ad propugnacula po&longs; <lb/>&longs;it a&longs;cendi. </s> <s>Alii ex fo&longs;&longs;a inquiunt exemptam tellurem pro agge <lb/>re ad urbis ambitum ponito: murumque unum ab ip&longs;o fo&longs;&longs;æ alueo <lb/>tollito cra&longs;&longs;itudine ut terræ &longs;uperurgentis onus <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> ualde &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;tineat: Ab hoc item alium intra urbem uer&longs;us murum educito <lb/>cel&longs;iorem/a priorique di&longs;tantem &longs;pacio <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> angu&longs;to: Sed quanto il <lb/>lic facta acie cohortes habeant &longs;pacia dimicandi expedita. </s> <s>Mu <lb/>ros itidem ab exteriore ad interiorem murum tran&longs;uer&longs;os interia <lb/>cito: quorum nexu et adminiculo primarii inter &longs;e his iuncti deti <lb/>neantur: et telluris intermi&longs;&longs;æ uim urgentem perferant ualidius. <lb/></s> <s>At nos quidem præter hæc eos muros probamus: qui ita &longs;tatuan <lb/>tur/ ut &longs;i tandem impetentium machinarum ui &longs;ternantur/ habe <lb/>ant &longs;ub&longs;titutum areæ &longs;pacium: quo loci montes a&longs;&longs;ideant: et fo&longs; <lb/>&longs;as ruina &longs;ui non compleant. </s> <s>In cæteris perplacet Vitruuius: <lb/>Opus inquit muri &longs;ic faciundum cen&longs;eo: ut eius per <expan abbr="cra&longs;&longs;itudin&etilde;">cra&longs;&longs;itudinem</expan> <lb/>tabulæ oleagineæ u&longs;tolatæ &quml; creberrimæ <expan abbr="inter&longs;truan&ttilde;">inter&longs;truantur</expan>: ut utræque<lb/>muri frontes inter &longs;e quemadmodum fibulis hi&longs;taleis colligatæ/ <lb/>æternam habeant firmitatem. </s> <s>Huiu&longs;modi ferme a Pelopone&longs;&longs;i <lb/>bus ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i Plateen&longs;es obieci&longs;&longs;e ho&longs;tibus murum refert Tuchidi <lb/>des: Nam laterculis quidem ligna intermi&longs;cuere/ atque multo fir <lb/>mauere. </s> <s>Et muros omnes inquit Cæ&longs;ar apud Gallias hac fere for <lb/>ma &longs;unt: Trabes directæ perpetuæ in longitudinem paribus inter <lb/>uallis di&longs;tantes inter &longs;e intror&longs;us <expan abbr="reuinciun&ttilde;">reuinciuntur</expan>: et grandibus &longs;axis <lb/><expan abbr="effarciũtur">effarciuntur</expan>: ita ut trabs trabem non contingat: huiu&longs;modi ordini <lb/>bus coagmentandis iu&longs;tam muri altitudinem explent: Id opus <lb/>et &longs;pecie non deforme/et ad defen&longs;ionem e&longs;t <expan abbr="ualidũ">ualidum</expan>: nam ab <expan abbr="inc&etilde;">incem</expan> <lb/>dio lapis/ et ab ariete materia defendit. </s> <s>Ha&longs;ce in muris connexi <lb/>ones &longs;unt qui <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ualde <expan abbr="prob&etilde;t">probent</expan>: <expan abbr="nãque">nanque</expan> aiunt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> calcem et <expan abbr="materi&etilde;">materiem</expan> <lb/>diu non <expan abbr="cõuenire/">conuenire/</expan> quod uratur et ab&longs;umatur &longs;alibus ardoreque calcis: <lb/>Tum &longs;i erit ut mi&longs;&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="machinarũ">machinarum</expan> opus impetat fiet/ inquiunt <lb/>ut uniuer&longs;i muri <expan abbr="cõnexa">connexa</expan> exaggeratio qua&longs;&longs;ata <expan abbr="cõmouea&ttilde;">commoueatur</expan>: et una <pb/>omnis ad ruinam reddatur prona. </s> <s>At muros contra mi&longs;&longs;ilium in <lb/>iurias &longs;ic pulcherrime firmari arbitramur. </s> <s>Anterides ba&longs;i trian <lb/>gula uno in ho&longs;tes angulo proiecto denum interuallo cubitorum <lb/>inter &longs;e di&longs;tantes p muri directiones excitabimus: et arcus ab his <lb/>ad alteras interducemus atque <gap/>e&longs;tudinabimus: Et interuacua quæ <lb/>illic ueluti &longs;caphæ relictæ &longs;unt/&longs;ubacta paleis argilla uectibus <expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> <lb/>&longs;antes complebimus. </s> <s>Fiet hinc ut tormentorum uis et impetus ap <lb/>pellens lentitudine fiu&longs;tretur argillæ: Fiet <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ut <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i &longs;par&longs;im <lb/>et ilico ob&longs;truendis fene&longs;tris muius <expan abbr="tormentorũ">tormentorum</expan> a&longs;&longs;iduitate queat <lb/>debilitari. </s> <s>Apud Siculos pumicis copia perpulchre id præ&longs;tabit: <lb/>quod i&longs;tic quærimus. </s> <s>Alibi pumicis et argillæ loco non <expan abbr="incõmo">incommo</expan> <lb/>de utuntur cofo: Gyp&longs;um <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> huic operi no recu&longs;abimus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> <lb/>ex his &longs;iquid ad&longs;it/quod humoris hau&longs;tro nocturni&longs;que uaporibus <lb/>obiectum &longs;it/id lapidea cru&longs;ta atque toctura ue&longs;tiatur. </s> <s>Et inprimis <lb/>iuuabit ripam fo&longs;&longs;æ <expan abbr="exterior&etilde;">exteriorem</expan> paulo ponere elaticrem accliuitate <lb/>&quml; cæterum agri &longs;olum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Sic enim mi&longs;&longs;ilium de&longs;tinationes mu <lb/>ros urbis non attingent: &longs;ed &longs;upuolabunt. </s> <s>Et &longs;unt qui murum <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tra <expan abbr="machinam&etilde;ta">machinamenta</expan> mi&longs;&longs;ilium tuti&longs;&longs;imum putent eum qui <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;">lineamen</expan> <lb/>to ita ducatur/ut &longs;erræ denticulos imitetur. </s> <s>Atqui placent ad ur <lb/>bem Romam muri: quibus decur&longs;orium ad mediam altitudinem <lb/>ine&longs;t: Suntque per murum aptis locis relictæ f, &longs;&longs;uræ/ unde furtim <lb/>a &longs;agittariis incautus et properans ho&longs;tis &longs;aucietur: Et ad murum <lb/>turres quinquagenos in cubitos qua&longs;i anterides <expan abbr="adig&etilde;dæ">adigendæ</expan> prodcun <lb/>tibus in rotundum frontibus et proceritate cel&longs;iores muro: ut qui <lb/>propius applicuerit mi&longs;&longs;ilibus nudum obiiciat latus et conficia <lb/>tur: Sic enim et murus a turribus/ et turris a turre mutuo defen <lb/>detur. </s> <s>Turres quo latere urbem &longs;pectant/ muro nudatas poni <lb/>to et apertas: ne ho&longs;tem forta&longs;&longs;is immi&longs;&longs;um protegant. </s> <s>Tur <lb/>ribus muri&longs;que coronæ et decori &longs;unt/et firmitatem ex nexura af <lb/>ferunt: et admotarum &longs;calarum irreptiones prohibent. </s> <s>Sunt qui <lb/>per muros &longs;ub ip&longs;is præ &longs;ertim turribus intermi&longs;&longs;a præ cipitia re <lb/>linqui uelint/et muniri pontibus ligneis: qui confe&longs;tim aut redu <lb/>cti/ aut deiecti prout res exigat u&longs;ui aut &longs;aluti &longs;unt.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Ad portarum utrumque latus / ueteres a&longs;&longs;ueuere geminas <pb/>grandiores turres præ&longs;tituere multa &longs;ui parte &longs;olidas: quæ ueluti <lb/>brachia &longs;inus fauce&longs;que ingre&longs;&longs;us foueant. </s> <s>Turribus nulla te&longs;tudo <lb/>&longs;ed lignea tabulata interitruantur: quæ ubi opus &longs;it et reuelli et <lb/>igne ab&longs;umi queant. </s> <s>Turrium tabulata clauis figi <expan abbr="uetãt">uetant</expan>: quo ma <lb/>turius po&longs;&longs;int ho&longs;te peruincente deturbari. </s> <s>Tecta et &longs;ece&longs;&longs;us <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>deerunt: quibus excubiæ hybernas pruinas et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> <lb/>iniurias tolerent. </s> <s>Propugnaculis <expan abbr="pend&etilde;tia">pendentia</expan> &longs;ub&longs;int foramina: qui <lb/>bus lapidem et faces in ho&longs;tem/et aquam etiam &longs;iquid portam in <lb/>cenderit/ fundas. </s> <s>Valuas corio et ferro tectas ab igne uindicari <lb/>prædicant. </s> <s>De his hactenus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Portarum ratio pro uiarum militarium numero habenda e&longs;t: <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>uiarum quidem aliæ militares: aliæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> militares. </s> <s>Non hic illa iu <lb/>ri&longs;con&longs;ultorum pro&longs;equor: ut actus iumentorum iter <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ha <lb/>beri gratia uiam utrumque complecti &longs;tatuam. </s> <s>Sunt quidem mili <lb/>tares qua in prouincia profici&longs;cimur cum exercitu atque imped<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>tis. </s> <s>Ergo militarem no militaribus multo e&longs;&longs;e &longs;patio&longs;iorem opor <lb/>tet. </s> <s>Et aduerti a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e ueteres ponere ut e&longs;&longs;ent cubitos <expan abbr="nu&longs;quã">nu&longs;quam</expan> <lb/>minus octo. </s> <s>Ex lege. </s> <s>xii. </s> <s>tabularum uiam &longs;ic finiunt: ut quæ in <lb/>porrectum &longs;it/latitudinem habeat pedes. </s> <s>xii. </s> <s>Quæ in anfractum <lb/>ide&longs;t ubi flexum e&longs;t. </s> <s>xvi. </s> <s>Nonmilitares &longs;unt quibus a militari <lb/>egredimur aut in uillam <expan abbr="oppidũ">oppidum</expan> ue: aut æque aliam in uillam mi <lb/>litarem: uti &longs;unt per agrum actus: per urbem diu<gap/>rticula. </s> <s>E&longs;t <lb/>præterea uiarum quoddam genus/ quod quidem plateæ naturam <lb/>&longs;apiat: uti &longs;unt quæ ad certos aliquos u&longs;us habeantur/ præ&longs;ertim <lb/>publicos: puta quæ in templum/ in curriculum/ in balilicam du <lb/>cat. </s> <s>Viarum militarium ductus non eo&longs;dem ip&longs;um per agrum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e atque intra urbem oportet: Extra urbem omnino &longs;eruanda hæc <lb/>&longs;unt: ut patula et aperti&longs;&longs;ima ad omnem <expan abbr="circũa&longs;pectum">circuna&longs;pectum</expan> &longs;iet: ut <lb/>impeditionibus cum aquarum/tum ruinarum &longs;it libera et expedi <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;ima: ut latronibu&longs; ad in&longs;idias <expan abbr="captãdas">captandas</expan> nullæ penitus latebræ <lb/>nulli &longs;ece&longs;&longs;u&longs; <expan abbr="relinquan&ttilde;">relinquantur</expan>: ut in eam non pa&longs;&longs;im unde ui&longs; aditu&longs; <lb/>ad populatione&longs; pateant: Po&longs;tremo ut directa breui&longs;&longs;imaque &longs;it: <lb/>omnium erit breui&longs;&longs;ima/non ut illi quæ recti&longs;&longs;ima: &longs;ed quæ tuti&longs; <lb/>ma: Maloque prolixiorem paulo/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> parum <expan abbr="cõmodam">commodam</expan>. </s> <s>Sunt qui <pb/>putent agrum priuernatem e&longs;&longs;e tuti&longs;&longs;imum quod eum <expan abbr="profũ">profum</expan> <lb/>dæ uiæ qua&longs;i dimer&longs;æ fo&longs;&longs;æ p&longs;eccent/ingre&longs;&longs;u ambiguæ/ pro<lb/>gre&longs;&longs;u incertæ et minime tute: ripis extantibus: unde ho <lb/>&longs;tis facile po&longs;&longs;it obteri peritiores <expan abbr="tuti&longs;&longs;imã">tuti&longs;&longs;imam</expan> <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan> que <expan abbr="coe&qtilde;">coequae</expan> <lb/>tum per colliculorum dor&longs;um agitur. </s> <s>Proxime ad <expan abbr="hãc">hanc</expan> ac <lb/>cedit quæ ex uetere more extructo aggere medios per cam <lb/>pos dirigitur. </s> <s>Quin et illam ueteres ea de re aggerum <expan abbr="nũ">num</expan> <lb/>cuparunt: et profecta &longs;ic perducta multas de &longs;e præbebit <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>moditates: nam cum ex pro&longs;pectus amenitate per cel&longs;am <lb/>exaggerationem ambulantes uiatores ab iti<gap/>eris labore et <lb/>moleitia plurimum leuentur: tum et multo intere&longs;t <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> <lb/>longe præuidi&longs;&longs;e: et habere qui po&longs;&longs;is infe&longs;tum urgentem <lb/>aut ino<gap/>ica manu di&longs;tinere: aut nulla tuorum iactura &longs;i &longs;u <lb/>peret cedere: et ad rem &longs;it quod ad <expan abbr="uiã">uiam</expan> <expan abbr="portu&etilde;&longs;em">portuen&longs;em</expan> annotaui <lb/>quando enim egypto/affrica/libia/hi&longs;paniis/germania in <lb/>&longs;ulis hominum ingens numerus: mercium maxima uis <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>fluebat: &longs;tratam effecere. </s> <s>duplam: et in medio lapidum or <lb/>do eminens uti limes extabat pedem/ut prodirent altera: <lb/>redirent altera/uitata properantium offen&longs;ione. </s> <s>huiu&longs;moi <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e militarem uiam extra urbem oportet/expeditam dire <lb/>ctam atque tuti&longs;&longs;imam.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Cum ad urbem applicuerit &longs;i erit ciuitas clara et <expan abbr="prepot&etilde;s">prepotens</expan> <lb/>uias habere directas ampli&longs;&longs;imas condecet: que ad dignita <lb/>tem maie&longs;tatemque urbis <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan>. </s> <s>Sinautem erit colonia/ aut <lb/>oppidum tuti&longs;&longs;imos pre&longs;tabit aditus: &longs;i non expedito in <lb/>portam rectabit: &longs;ed in dextram aut &longs;ini&longs;tram prope menia <lb/>ac pre&longs;ertim &longs;ub ip&longs;is murorum propugnaculis diducetur <lb/>intra urbem uero non directa/&longs;ed fiuentum more in hanc <lb/>atque in hanc/atque iterato in hancip&longs;am/ e&longs;&longs;e partem molli <lb/>flexu &longs;inuo&longs;am condecet. </s> <s>Nam preter illud quod ea quidem <lb/>ubi prolixior uidebitur: illic urbis amplitudinem opir. </s> <s><expan abbr="iõe">ione</expan> <lb/>adaugebit: profecto uehementer quoque confert ad gratiam <lb/>ad u&longs;us commoditates/ ad temporumque ca&longs;us/ et nece&longs;&longs;ita <lb/>tes. </s> <s>Etenim et quanti erit hoc et rectantibus ad &longs;ingulos <pb/>gradus: <expan abbr="&longs;en&longs;ĩ">&longs;en&longs;im</expan> no<gap/>æ ædificiorum facies <expan abbr="obiiciã&ttilde;">obiiciantur</expan>: ut cuiu&longs;que do <lb/>mus egre&longs;&longs;io et pro&longs;pectus ex media uiæ ip&longs;ius <expan abbr="ãplitudinc">amplitudinc</expan> di <lb/><expan abbr="riga&ttilde;">rigatur</expan>: ut <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alibi nimia laxitas <expan abbr="ĩdecora">indecora</expan> &longs;it et <expan abbr="&etilde;t">ent</expan> in&longs;alubris: <lb/>Hic ip&longs;a quoque ua&longs;titas conducat. </s> <s>Vrbem Romam &longs;cri <lb/>bit Cornelius/dilatatis a Nerone uiis effectam <expan abbr="feruidior&etilde;">feruidiorem</expan> <lb/>et ea de re minus &longs;alubrem: alibi contra in arctis uiarum <lb/>crude&longs;cunt: e&longs;tate nunquam erit non umbro&longs;a: nulla item <lb/>aderit domus: quam non diei radius ingrediatur. </s> <s>Et aura <lb/>nunquam erit immunis. </s> <s>Nam unde uis mota appulerit re <lb/>ctam et magna ex parte <expan abbr="expeditã">expeditam</expan> <expan abbr="preterflu&etilde;di">preterfluendi</expan> aream inue <lb/>niet. </s> <s>Et uentos cadem nunquam infe&longs;tos experietur: illico <lb/>enim retundentur parietum obiectu. </s> <s>Adde quod &longs;i <expan abbr="ingredie&ttilde;">ingredietur</expan> <lb/>ho&longs;tis: non minus a fronte atque <expan abbr="lateribus/&qtilde;">lateribus/quae</expan> a tergo lace&longs; <lb/>&longs;itus periclitabitur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>De militaribus hactenus: non militares ha&longs;ce imitabuntur <lb/>ni forta&longs;&longs;is hoc inter&longs;it/quod i&longs;tic quidem ad lineam directe <lb/>&longs;i erunt: cum angulis parietum et partibus ædificiorum <lb/>magis conuenient. </s> <s>Sed intra urbem placui&longs;&longs;e comperio ue <lb/>teribus uias ade&longs;&longs;e aliquas <expan abbr="ĩextricabilis">inextricabilis</expan> atque aliquas nul <lb/>lius exitus quas ingrediens ho&longs;tis noxiu&longs;ue anceps &longs;uique <lb/>diffi&longs;os he&longs;itet: aut &longs;i e&longs;&longs;e audacior per&longs;eueret: mature pe <lb/>riclitetur. </s> <s>E&longs;&longs;e et minutiores uias conferet/non in <expan abbr="longũ">longum</expan> <lb/>productas: &longs;ed in primam tran&longs;uer&longs;am uiam terminatas: <lb/>ut qua&longs;i non <expan abbr="publicũ">publicum</expan> <expan abbr="expeditũque">expeditunque</expan> iter/&longs;ed potius obiectæ <lb/>domus <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> <expan abbr="prebeãt">prebeant</expan>: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> id et domibus lumina paratiora: <lb/>ct urbi <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> uolunt <expan abbr="ho&longs;til&etilde;">ho&longs;tilem</expan> <expan abbr="excur&longs;ion&etilde;">excur&longs;ionem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩpeditior&etilde;">impeditiorem</expan> pre&longs;tabit. <lb/></s> <s>Vicis intra urbem di&longs;par&longs;is et minime continuis habitam <lb/>fiu&longs;&longs;e babilonem &longs;cribit Curtius. </s> <s>Platoni contra non uicos <lb/>modo &longs;ed parietes ctiam domorum haberi coniunctos pla <lb/>cuit/idque opus urbi e&longs;&longs;e pro muro uoluit. </s> <s>Pons quidem <lb/>poti&longs;&longs;ima uiæ pars e&longs;t. </s> <s>pontis habendi locus erit idoneus <lb/>non omnis. </s> <s>nam preter id: quod non extremum &longs;eclu&longs;umque in <lb/>angulum paucorum commoditatibus relinqui: &longs;ed medias <lb/>in regiones u&longs;ibus uniuer&longs;orum patcre pontem conuenit. <pb/>Profecto <expan abbr="locãdus">locandus</expan> is quidem erit/ubi et facile ponere: et im <lb/>pen&longs;a non graui&longs;&longs;ima perficere: et <expan abbr="eternũ">eternum</expan> futurum &longs;pera&longs;&longs;e <lb/>liceat. </s> <s>Captanda igitur uada non profundiora: non abruta: <lb/>non incerta: non mobilia: &longs;ed coequata et man&longs;ura. </s> <s>Vitan <lb/>di uortices: gurgites: uoragines et eiu&longs;modi: quæ mala per <lb/>fluenta uer&longs;antur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Vitãdique">Vitandique</expan> in primis anfractibus riparum <lb/>cubiti <gap/><expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteras ob res/&longs;unt <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> i&longs;tic ripæ ut uidere licet <lb/>ruinis <expan abbr="obnoxiæ/tũ">obnoxiæ/tum</expan> quod per eos ip&longs;os cubitos alluuiorum tem <lb/>pe&longs;tatibus rapta ex agris materia et trunci et &longs;iluæ non re/ <lb/>cto expeditoque lap&longs;u <expan abbr="deuehũtur/&longs;ed">deuehuntur/&longs;ed</expan> <expan abbr="obuer&longs;ãtur">obuer&longs;antur</expan>: aliaque alias <lb/>retardando glomerantibus congrunnt: ua&longs;tumque coactæ in <lb/>cumulum hære&longs;cunt pilis: unde fauces arcuum ob&longs;tipatæ <lb/>&longs;uccumbunt quoadiu moleque pre&longs;&longs;antium aquarum detur/ <lb/>batur opus/atque diruitur. </s> <s>Sed &longs;unt <expan abbr="põtium">pontium</expan> alii lapidei/alii <lb/>lignei. </s> <s>De ligneis prius/quod opere &longs;int faciliores: po&longs;t de la <lb/>pideis tran&longs;igemus. </s> <s>Vtrunque firmi&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;&longs;e oportet. <lb/></s> <s>Ergo is multa et ualida lignorum copia corroborabitur. <lb/></s> <s>Quam ad rem pulchre <expan abbr="exequ&etilde;dã/">exequendan/</expan> illud Cæ&longs;aris maiorem <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>modum confert. </s> <s>Nam pontis quidem efficiendi rationem <lb/>&longs;ic in&longs;tituit. </s> <s>Tigna bina &longs;exquipedalia paululum ab imo <lb/>præacuto dimer&longs;a ad altitudinem fluminis/ interuallo pe/ <lb/>dum duorum inter &longs;e iungebat. </s> <s>Hec cum machinationibus <lb/>immi&longs;&longs;a in flumen defixerat: figi&longs;tici&longs;que adegerat non di <lb/>recte ad perpendiculum/&longs;ed prona ac fa&longs;tigiata: ut &longs;ecun/ <lb/>dum naturam fluminis procumberent. </s> <s>His item contraria <lb/>duo inter &longs;e ad eundem modum iuncta: interuallo pedum <lb/>quadragenum ab inferiore parte contra uim atque impetum <lb/>fluminis conuer&longs;a &longs;tatuebat. </s> <s>Hec utraque uti diximus con <lb/>&longs;tituta bipedalibus trabibus &longs;uperimmi&longs;&longs;is iungebat longis <lb/>quantum in&longs;titorum tignorum iunctura di&longs;tabat. </s> <s>Huiu&longs;modi <lb/><expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> <expan abbr="īmi&longs;&longs;æ">immi&longs;&longs;æ</expan> trabes binis utrinque fibulis ab extrema parte de <lb/>&longs;tinebantur: quibus di&longs;clu&longs;is atque in <expan abbr="cõtrariam">contrariam</expan> partem re <lb/>iunetis/tanta erat operis firmitudo atque ea rerum natura: <lb/>ut quo maior uis aquæ &longs;e incita&longs;&longs;et / hoc arctius colligata <pb/>tenerentur iuga. </s> <s>Hæc materia iniecta <expan abbr="contexebãtur">contexebantur</expan> longu <lb/>riis: cratibu&longs;que con&longs;ternebantur: ac nihilo&longs;egnius gratilio <lb/>res trabes quas &longs;ubiciendo &longs;ubucas nuncupant/ad <expan abbr="inferior&etilde;">inferiorem</expan> <lb/>partem fluminis obliquæ agebantur/quo pro ariete &longs;ubie/ <lb/>ctæ/et cum omni opere <expan abbr="cõiunctæ">coniunctæ</expan> uim fluminis <expan abbr="exciper&etilde;t">exciperent</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Et aliæ item trabes &longs;upra pontem extabant fluuio mediocri <lb/>&longs;patio infixæ: ut &longs;i arborum trunci &longs;iuc naues deiiciendi ope <lb/>ris cau&longs;a e&longs;&longs;ent a barbaris mi&longs;&longs;æ: his <expan abbr="def&etilde;&longs;oribus">defen&longs;oribus</expan> earum re <lb/>rum uis minueretur: neu ponti <expan abbr="nocer&etilde;t">nocerent</expan>. </s> <s>Hec Cæ&longs;ar. </s> <s>Non <lb/>&longs;it abre quod apud ueronam a&longs;&longs;ueuere ligneos <expan abbr="põtes">pontes</expan> in&longs;ter <lb/>nere ferreis uirgis: ea præ&longs;ertim parte qua redam et carros <lb/>trahebant. </s> <s>Sequitur lapideus pons: eius partes hæ &longs;unt. </s> <s>Su <lb/>bices <expan abbr="riparũ">riparum</expan> pilæ: fornix in&longs;tratura. </s> <s>Inter &longs;ubices riparum <lb/>atque pilas hoc intere&longs;t: quod hæ ualido penitus obnixu per/ <lb/>&longs;tent nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>Nam ad <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;tin&etilde;da">&longs;u&longs;tinenda</expan> modo &longs;uperiniectæ for <lb/>nicis <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> uti et pilæ: uerum et amplius ad prima pontis <lb/>capita et arcuum uim arcendam et <expan abbr="continendã">continendam</expan> nequid pan <lb/>dant. </s> <s>Ergo <expan abbr="elig&etilde;dæ">eligendæ</expan> ripæ uel potius rupes lapideæ <expan abbr="nãque">nanque</expan> ob <lb/>fir mi&longs;&longs;imæ: quibus pontis capita committas. </s> <s><expan abbr="Pilarũ">Pilarum</expan> nume <lb/>rus ad fluuii latitudinem referetur. </s> <s>Arcus impares cum de <lb/>lectant numero: tum et conducunt firmitati. </s> <s>Nam medius <lb/>fluenti cur&longs;us quo a cohertione riparum remotior e&longs;t: eo et <lb/>liberior: et quo liberior/ eo et concitatior atque <expan abbr="ĩpetuo&longs;ior">impetuo&longs;ior</expan> <lb/>deuoluitur. </s> <s>Ergo is quidem linquendus e&longs;t uagus: ne pilæ <lb/>rum firmitati officiat illuctando. </s> <s>Et locandæ per fluuium <lb/>pilæ <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;unt/ ubi ca&longs;tigatiores et ut ita loquar de&longs;idio <lb/>&longs;iores undæ preterlabantur. </s> <s>Huius <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> loci dino&longs;cen <lb/>di alluuiones mon&longs;trabunt: alioquin &longs;ic rem captabimus. <lb/></s> <s>Eos enim imitati qui nucem flumine &longs;par&longs;ere: quibus col/ <lb/>lectis ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="ue&longs;cer&etilde;tur/">ue&longs;cerentur/</expan> perpetuum fiuminis tran&longs;itum &longs;u <lb/>pra longe ad pa&longs;&longs;us puta mille quingentos: quo præ&longs;ertim <lb/>tempore fluuius excreuerit: quippiam cale quod aquas &longs;u <lb/>pernatet deiiciemus. </s> <s>Indicio erit aquas maiore illic &longs;e con <lb/>citare impetu: quo loci quæ ieceris plurimum conueniant. <pb/>Ponendis igitur pilis hunc uitabimus locum: eum captabi <lb/>mus: ad quem iacta rariora tardioraque deuenerint. </s> <s>Mina <lb/>rex cum ad memphim pontem facere in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;et: nilum de <lb/>duxit alio per montes: ab&longs;olutoque opere &longs;uum in alueum <lb/>re&longs;tituit. </s> <s>Nicoris a&longs;yorum regina paratis omnibus que ad <lb/>pontem in&longs;truendum facerent: effo&longs;&longs;o lacu ampli&longs;&longs;imo/flu <lb/>uium diuertit eo: atque interea <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> lacus impletur &longs;icco flu <lb/>minis alueo pilas extruxit. </s> <s>Hæc illi. </s> <s>At nos &longs;ic rem pro&longs;e <lb/>quemur. </s> <s>Pilarum fundamenta per <expan abbr="autumnũ">autumnum</expan> aquis deficien <lb/>tibus &longs;i&longs;tentur: &longs;epto circumcato. </s> <s>Septi faciundi modus <lb/>hic e&longs;t. </s> <s>Pali non infrequentes duplici ordine <expan abbr="figũtur">figuntur</expan>: ut ca <lb/>pitibus ab aqua emergant in uallorum &longs;petiem: obducun/ <lb/>turque intror&longs;um ad pilas/ pro uallorum ambitu crates: et <lb/>complentur ordinum interualla: alga et luto: <expan abbr="in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;ãturqueconculcatione">in&longs;pi&longs;&longs;anturque<lb/>conculcatione</expan> quod <expan abbr="ĩfluere">influere</expan> amplius aqua nequicquam po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Moxque intra <expan abbr="&longs;inũ">&longs;inum</expan> &longs;epti re&longs;ident: &longs;eu aqua &longs;eu preter <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> <lb/>limus harena ue &longs;it/ &longs;eu quid aliud operi incommodum &longs;it <lb/>eximitur. </s> <s>Cætera perficiuntur uti libro &longs;uperiore per&longs;crip <lb/>&longs;imus. </s> <s>Ad &longs;olidum enim defoditur: uel potius palis præu <lb/>&longs;tis &longs;olum arcti&longs;&longs;ime con&longs;pi&longs;&longs;antur. </s> <s>I&longs;tic aduerti egregios <lb/>architecto&longs; a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;&longs;e perpetuo pontis ip&longs;ius tractu <expan abbr="perpetuã">perpetuam</expan> <lb/>&longs;ub&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e ba&longs;im eam effecere non una omnem clau&longs;o flu <lb/>mine unico &longs;epto: Sed additamentis noui&longs;&longs;ima iam tum <lb/>po&longs;itis adigendo. </s> <s>Tota enim uis aque omnino arceri et <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tineri nequicquam pote&longs;t. </s> <s>Ergo &longs;inenda fluento dum opus <lb/>ducimus æ&longs;tuaria &longs;unt/quibus la&longs;&longs;etur contumacia protur <lb/>gentium undarum. </s> <s>Ae&longs;tuaria i&longs;tæc aut ip&longs;o <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> uado aperta <lb/>dimittentur aut ubi conferat parabuntur formæ ligneæ/et <lb/>canales pen&longs;iles/quibus exuberans fluentis aqua <expan abbr="&longs;uperflu&etilde;">&longs;uperfluem</expan> <lb/>do labatur. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i tantæ piguerit impen&longs;æ &longs;ingulis ba&longs;is <lb/>pilis ba&longs;es ponito &longs;implices/ut &longs;int ex liburnæ &longs;imilitudi <lb/>ne oblongæ/prora et puppi in angulum promi&longs;&longs;a/et per&longs;i <lb/>nita/ atque &longs;ecundum aquæ ip&longs;iu&longs; decur&longs;um ad lineam di <lb/>rigito/ut pre impotentium aquarum uim di&longs;partiundo <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <pb/>minuant. </s> <s>Memini&longs;&longs;e oportet undas puppibus pilarum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pro <lb/>ris e&longs;&longs;e infe&longs;tatiores. </s> <s>Id <expan abbr="mõ&longs;tratur">mon&longs;tratur</expan> ex ea re quod ad puppes pi <lb/>larum <expan abbr="fecũdior">fecundior</expan> illuctatur aqua <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad proras. </s> <s>Tum et ui&longs;un <lb/>tur illic gurgites in profundum excauati: cum proræ ip&longs;æ <lb/>alueo harena oppletiore per&longs;i&longs;tant. </s> <s>Quæ quom ita &longs;int has <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e partes in omni operis mole muniti&longs;&longs;imas/ et ad <expan abbr="tolerã">toleram</expan> <lb/>das aquarum a&longs;&longs;iduas mole&longs;tias firmati&longs;&longs;imas oportet. </s> <s>Ad <lb/>rem igitur uehementer confert/ &longs;i profundum opus ip&longs;um <lb/>pedamenti multo quaque uer&longs;us/ et maxime ad puppim pro <lb/>tendetur quoad etiam quouis ca&longs;u &longs;ubdempta pedamento/ <lb/>rum parte/multa &longs;uper&longs;int quæ oneri pilarum ferendo non <lb/>deficiant. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cõfertque">Confertque</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis <expan abbr="quãuis">quanuis</expan> ba&longs;im i&longs;tic ip&longs;o a pri <lb/>mordio producere inaccliue: ut aquæ &longs;upuadentes non præ <lb/>rupto irruat: &longs;ed lap&longs;u molli facile dilabitur. </s> <s>Nam præci/ <lb/>piti <expan abbr="cad&etilde;s">cadens</expan> aqua fundum commouet/et inde facta turbidior <lb/>a&longs;por<gap/> at commota: et <expan abbr="locũ">locum</expan> momentis excauat. </s> <s>Pilas a&longs;true <lb/>mus lapide <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id queat prægrandi/ longitudine et latitudi <lb/>ne eximia: qui natura &longs;ui gelicidiis re&longs;i&longs;tat: et aquis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ma <lb/>ceretur: neque alioquin f<gap/>cile di&longs;&longs;oluatur: neque frace&longs;cat &longs;ub <lb/>onere: coagmentabiturque omni <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> ad regulam/ ad <lb/><expan abbr="perp&etilde;diculum/ad">perpendiculum/ad</expan> libellam/nexuris nunquam intermi&longs;&longs;is/ <lb/>in <expan abbr="longũ/intran&longs;uc">longun/intran&longs;uc</expan>: &longs;um iuncturis mutuo complicitis/&longs;pre <lb/>ta omni minorum lapidum infractura. </s> <s>Adigeturque ex ære <lb/>acus et an&longs;æ crebræ/eorum loculis ita pre&longs;&longs;is et ita di&longs;po&longs;itis <lb/>ut ulceribus non debilitentur lapides: &longs;ed firmentur captu: <lb/>tolleturque in <expan abbr="altũ">altum</expan> opus/prora et puppi angulari: toto uer <lb/>tic<gap/> eminenti u&longs;que etiam exuberantes alluuiones pilarum <lb/>frontes &longs;uperet. </s> <s>Pilarum cra&longs;&longs;itudo ad pontis alcitudinem <lb/>erit &longs;ub quadrupla. </s> <s>Fuere qui non in <gap/>ngulum proras i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi et puppim &longs;ed emiciclo finieru. </s> <s>t ductos credo linia <lb/>menti uenu&longs;tate. </s> <s>Et ciclum tamet&longs;i habere anguli uires di <lb/>xerim angulum tamen i&longs;ti<gap/> <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> primis probo: modo non ita <lb/>acuminetur: ut ad omnes leues iniurias decu&longs;&longs;atus dehone <pb/>&longs;tetur. </s> <s>Quin et is quidem ciclo decu&longs;&longs;atus deton&longs;u&longs;que pla <lb/>cebit: &longs;i erit non ita obtu&longs;us relictus et impetentis undæ ce <lb/>leritas infen&longs;a re&longs;i&longs;tet. </s> <s>Iu&longs;tum pilis angulum &longs;tatuemus fo <lb/>re cui rectus <expan abbr="ãgulus">angulus</expan> &longs;exquitertius &longs;it: aut &longs;i minus delectet <lb/>&longs;exquialter. </s> <s>Hæc de pilis. </s> <s>At riparum &longs;ubices &longs;i quales op <lb/>tamus natura loci non præ&longs;tabuntur: pilarum opere firma <lb/>bimus: noui&longs;&longs;ima&longs;que inter ad ripam pilas ip&longs;o in &longs;icco ar <lb/>cu&longs;que aliquos protendemus: ut &longs;iquid forte undarum a&longs;&longs;i <lb/>duitas tempe&longs;tatum &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;u ex ripa ab&longs;ter&longs;erit/uia tamen <lb/>producto in agrum <expan abbr="põte">ponte</expan> minime inter&longs;ec<gap/>tar. </s> <s>Fornices et <lb/>arcus cum cæteras ob res: tum propter acres et nu&longs;quam in <lb/>termi&longs;&longs;as carrorum intremitatione&longs; e&longs;&longs;e oportet per <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> egre <lb/>gie ualidas et mirifice obfirmatas. </s> <s>Adde quod interdum tra/ <lb/>henda per pontem &longs;unt ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima forta&longs;&longs;is pondera colo&longs;/ <lb/>&longs;orum/obeli&longs;corum et eiu&longs;modi: utque &longs;cauro limitarem la <lb/>pidem trahenti euenit: redemptores publici damna infecta <lb/>metuant ea re pons et <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;to">lineamento</expan> et omni opere ad perpetui <lb/>tatem crit accomodandus contra carrorum incu&longs;&longs;iones cre <lb/>bras atque mole&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imas deberi pontibus integros lapides <lb/>prægrandes: inducit ratio facile ut a&longs;&longs;entiamur incudis <expan abbr="ex&etilde;">exem</expan> <lb/>plo. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i grandis et perinde grauis illa quidem &longs;it: mal <lb/>lcorum incu&longs;&longs;ationes facile &longs;u&longs;tinet. </s> <s>&longs;ed &longs;i leuior: ictibus re <lb/>&longs;ultat et commouetur. </s> <s>Diximus fornicem arcubus compli <lb/>menti&longs;que contineri: et arcum e&longs;&longs;e firmi&longs;&longs;imum cum qui &longs;it <lb/>rectus: Quod &longs;i ex pilarum di&longs;po&longs;itione ita re&longs;pondeat re/ <lb/>ctus: ut eius nimque procera incuruitate offendare: utemur <lb/>comminuto: riparum &longs;ubicibus maiori cra&longs;&longs;itudine multo <lb/>confirmatis. </s> <s>Denique arcus quiuis qui ad fornicis i&longs;tius <expan abbr="frõ">from</expan> <lb/>tes extabit coaptabitur ip&longs;o ex lapide præduro et prægran <lb/>di nibilo&longs;egnius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> is quem pilis mandandum duxeris. </s> <s>Et <lb/>ne erun<gap/> quidem gratiliores in arcu lapides: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut cra&longs;&longs;itu/ <lb/>dine ad cordam &longs;ui ex decupla re&longs;pondeant. </s> <s>Corda ne erit <pb/>quidem <expan abbr="lõgior">longior</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut ad pilæ cra&longs;&longs;itudinem &longs;excupla: ne bre <lb/>uior <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut quadrupla re&longs;pondeat: aderuntque ad cuneos i&longs;ti <lb/>u&longs;modi mutuo innectendos acus ærei in&longs;iti: atque an&longs;æ mi <lb/>nime inualidæ: tum ad arcum &longs;upremus cuneus/ qui &longs;pina <lb/>dicitur/erit cum ad compares lineas cum cæteris dolatus: <lb/>tum habebit amplius quippiam altero &longs;ui capite cra&longs;&longs;itudi <lb/>nis: quo non ni&longs;i fi&longs;tigica in&longs;eri: et leui ariete po&longs;&longs;it intru/ <lb/>di. </s> <s>Sic enim &longs;ubinde reliqui per arcum &longs;ubiecti cunei ar/ <lb/>ctius per&longs;tricti con&longs;tantius in officio <expan abbr="perdurabũt">perdurabunt</expan>. </s> <s>Comple <lb/>menta omnia <expan abbr="inter&longs;tru&etilde;tur">inter&longs;truentur</expan> lapide/quo nullus integrior ne <lb/>xura/qua nulla coniunctior afferri po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i firmi&longs; <lb/>&longs;imi lapidis copia u&longs;que non &longs;uppeditabit complementis p <lb/>ficiundis imbecilliores pro nece&longs;&longs;itate non recu&longs;abo modo <lb/>toto ip&longs;ius fornicis dor&longs;o &longs;pina et utrinque contigui ad &longs;pi <lb/>nam adacti ordine&longs; nequicquam ni&longs;i expræduro lapide a&longs;ci <lb/>&longs;cantur. </s> <s>Sequitur ut in&longs;ternatur id opus non magis ponti/ <lb/>bus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> perpetuis quidem uiis den&longs;andum e&longs;t &longs;olum/ in&longs;par <lb/>gendumque glarea/ad cubiti cra&longs;&longs;itudinem: po&longs;t &longs;uperin <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tru&etilde;dus">&longs;truendus</expan> lapis fultu harenæ puræ fluuiatilis aut marinæ. <lb/></s> <s>Pontibus autem &longs;ub&longs;tratura et &longs;olum <expan abbr="cem&etilde;tio">cementio</expan> opere ad &longs;ui <lb/>arcus parem cra&longs;&longs;itudinem erit coequandum. </s> <s>Po&longs;t id quæ <lb/>in&longs;traueris calce fulcienda &longs;unt. </s> <s>In cæteris par ambobus <lb/>erit ratio. </s> <s>Nam munientur quidem latera &longs;tructura firmi&longs; <lb/>&longs;ima/et <expan abbr="&longs;uperin&longs;tern&etilde;tur">&longs;uperin&longs;ternentur</expan> lapide/nec pu&longs;illo/nec uolubili: <lb/>qui leui appul&longs;u diuellatur: nec item ampli&longs;&longs;imo / adeo ut <lb/>illic ueluti in lubrico prolabi <expan abbr="ium&etilde;tum">iumentum</expan> &longs;i ceperit ruat: pri <lb/>u&longs;quam fixuram inueniat ubi ungula re&longs;titet. </s> <s>Atqui pluri <lb/>mum quidem intere&longs;t quo <expan abbr="in&longs;ternãtur">in&longs;ternantur</expan> lapide: aut quid pu <lb/>tas longo et a&longs;&longs;iduo iumentorum rotarumque attritu fieri: <lb/>quando formicas ip&longs;um per &longs;ilicem pedum attritu excaua&longs; <lb/>&longs;e callem admoneamur<gap/> Sed ueteres aduerti: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> alibi: tum <lb/>ad tiburtinam uiæ medium &longs;iliceo lapide in&longs;traui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Late <lb/>uero hinc atque hinc operui&longs;&longs;e glarea minuta. </s> <s>Id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <pb/>quo i&longs;tic rotæ in&longs;trata corrumperent minus recuteret <expan abbr="ium&etilde;">iumen</expan> <lb/>torum ungulas: alibi et præ&longs;ertim pontibus &longs;ublatos lapideis <lb/>gradibus toto pontis tractu calles habuere ad &longs;pondas/qui <lb/>bus ambularent pedites nitidius. </s> <s>Medium autem plau&longs;tris <lb/>equitibu&longs; ue relinqueretur. </s> <s>Cæterum ueteres huic operi &longs;i <lb/>liceum lapidem egregie probauerunt. </s> <s>Inter &longs;ilices fi&longs;tulo <lb/>&longs;us commodior: non quia durior/&longs;ed quia ue&longs;tigiis minus <lb/>lubricus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Qualicũque">Qualicunque</expan> dabitur lapide pro rerum copia ute <lb/>mur: modo præduri&longs;&longs;imi &longs;eligantur quibus ea &longs;altem uiæ <lb/>pars in&longs;ternatur: <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> poti&longs;&longs;imum iumenta <expan abbr="reptãdo">reptando</expan> petan<gap/>. <lb/></s> <s>Et petunt quidem æquabiliorem: accliuiorem penitus re/ <lb/>cu&longs;ant: poneturque &longs;eu &longs;ilex/&longs;eu quiuis lapis latus/cubitum <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;us ne minus pede. </s> <s>Suprema &longs;uperficie æquabili/lateri <lb/>hus cohærentibus nullis intermi&longs;&longs;is hiatibus di&longs;po&longs;itus ad <lb/>fa&longs;tigium quo exceptus imber diffundatur. </s> <s>Fa&longs;tigiatio tri <lb/>plex. </s> <s>Nam aut in medium &longs;tratæ decurret accliuitas quod la <lb/>tioribus debetur uiis aut in latera quod arctiores minus impe <lb/>di<gap/>: aut rectam per longitudinem perducetur. </s> <s>I&longs;ta quidem <lb/>moderantur prout cloacarum riuulorumque exitus <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> mare: in <lb/>lacum: aut in fluentum pre&longs;tantur. </s> <s>Iu&longs;ta erit fa&longs;tigatio bi/ <lb/>nos in cubitos digytum &longs;emis. </s> <s>Aduerti <expan abbr="ueterũ">ueterum</expan> accliuia qui <lb/>bus in montes a&longs;cenderent triginta quou&longs;que <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> pedes pedem <lb/>fa&longs;tigia&longs;&longs;e unum. </s> <s>Et locis nonnullis utputa ad pontium ca <lb/>pita ui&longs;untur fa&longs;tigiata altitudine ut &longs;int &longs;ingulos in cubi/ <lb/>tos palmo: &longs;ed &longs;unt ea quidem breuia: quæ onu&longs;tum iumen <lb/>tum uno innixu præteruolet. </s> <s>Cloacas ad opus uiarum &longs;pe <lb/>ctare arbitraniur: quod &longs;ubtermedias per uias ducendæ <lb/>&longs;int: quod ad in&longs;ternendas /coæquandas /purgatiore&longs;que <lb/>reddendas uias conferant. </s> <s>Has ea de re hic non negliga/ <lb/>mus. </s> <s>Enimuero cloacam quid e&longs;&longs;e ego aliud dixerim <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="põ">pom</expan> <lb/>tem/uel potius arcum aliquem longe lati&longs;&longs;imum nimirum <lb/>iccirco in his cloacis con&longs;tituendis quæ hactenus de ponte <lb/>ip&longs;o a&longs;truendo recen&longs;uimus: omnia admodum ob&longs;eruabun <pb/>tur. </s> <s>Atqui cloacarum quidem u&longs;um ueteres tanti fecere: <lb/>ut in nullo opere ab&longs;oluendo <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> impen&longs;æ et diligentiæ <lb/>adhibui&longs;&longs;e u&longs;piam uideantur. </s> <s>Cloacas inter mirifica ur/ <lb/>bis romæ opera primas annumerant. </s> <s>Non hic in&longs;i&longs;to/quan <lb/>tas afferant cloacæ commoditates/ ad urbis lautitiem/ ad <lb/>publicarum priuatarumque ædium munditiem/ad aeris &longs;a <lb/>lubritatem et &longs;inceritatem non inficiendam. </s> <s>Smyrnam <lb/>urbem <expan abbr="ī">im</expan> qua Trebonium Dolobella ob&longs;idione liberauit uia <lb/>rum directione et operum ornamentis alioquin fui&longs;&longs;e pul/ <lb/>cherrimam ferunt: &longs;ed cloace quod non ade&longs;&longs;ent: quibus for <lb/>des emi&longs;&longs;æ exciperentur/feditate ho&longs;pites <expan abbr="off&etilde;debat">offendebat</expan>. </s> <s>Senis <lb/>in ethruria ad lautitiem dee&longs;t quod de&longs;unt cloace. </s> <s>Ex quo fit <lb/>ut non &longs;olum prima ultimaque noctis uigilia quibus horis <lb/>collectarum &longs;ordium ua&longs;a ex fene&longs;tris funduntur/ tota fete <lb/>at: uerum et inde interdum ob&longs;cena et grauiter humectata <lb/>&longs;it. </s> <s>Cloacarum aliæ &longs;unt quas diffu&longs;orias appello quod im/ <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;as aquas in fluentum/in lacum/aut in mare <expan abbr="defundãt">defundant</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Aliæ &longs;ubdiuæ quibus conceptæ <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> &longs;ordes non alio euo <lb/>mantur: &longs;ed qua&longs;i terræ a<gap/>eo inhau&longs;tæ &longs;idendo confician/ <lb/><gap/>ur. </s> <s>Diffu&longs;orias e&longs;&longs;e &longs;ub&longs;tratas oportet &longs;tratura decliui ac <lb/>prona et &longs;olida: qua liberrime diffluat: et que illic &longs;tructa <lb/>&longs;int a&longs;&longs;idua humectatione non macerentur. </s> <s>Et ha&longs;ce confert <lb/>habere a fluuio &longs;ublatas: quoad turbidis alluuionibus no­<lb/>compleatur: et limo minime ob&longs;truatur. </s> <s>Subdiuus ip&longs;o <lb/>nudo erimus <expan abbr="cõtenti">contenti</expan> &longs;olo. </s> <s>Nam terram quidem poetæ cer <lb/>berum: philo&longs;ophi lupum e&longs;&longs;e deorum <expan abbr="predicãt/">predicant/</expan> quod omnia <lb/>uoret: omnia con&longs;umat. </s> <s>Igitur &longs;purcities et quæ immi&longs;&longs;a <lb/>concipientur tellure conficiente euane&longs;cent: et minus ua/ <lb/>porum ad feditatem odoris exalabunt. </s> <s>Sed uelim cloa/ <lb/>cas in quibus urina fundenda &longs;it procul abduci a parieti/ <lb/>bus. </s> <s>Ardoribus enim folis maiorem <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> modum inficiuntur <lb/>atque uitiantur. </s> <s>Flumina præterea et fo&longs;&longs;as aquarias quæ <pb/>præ&longs;ertim <expan abbr="fer&etilde;dis">ferendis</expan> nauigiis &longs;eruiant cum uiarum rationibus <lb/>cen&longs;endas puto/quando inter uehiculorum genera nauium <lb/><expan abbr="a&longs;eribendã">a&longs;eribendam</expan> non inficientur. </s> <s>Tum et mare ip&longs;um natura &longs;ui <lb/>quid erit aliud <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> &quml; multo patens uia. </s> <s>Sed de his nihil <lb/>e&longs;t hoc loco quod prolixius di&longs;&longs;erui&longs;&longs;e conferat. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i <lb/>quid acciderit ut hominum u&longs;ibus i&longs;ta hæc minus &longs;uppedi <lb/>tent: erit tunc ut manu et arte quæ forte offenderint uitia/ <lb/>emendentur: et quæ de&longs;int commoditates parentur: quarum<lb/>rerum &longs;uo <expan abbr="tractabi&ttilde;">tractabitur</expan> loco ratio. </s> <s>Nunc &longs;i qua e&longs;t urbis pars <lb/>quæ cum his conueniat de quibus hic agendum e&longs;t: ea nimi <lb/>rum erit portus. </s> <s>Atqui portus quidem ueluti in curriculo <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e carcer uidebitur: a quo uiæ cur&longs;um ineas: aut peracta <lb/>excur&longs;ione de&longs;inas et conquie&longs;cas. </s> <s>Alii portum forta&longs;&longs;is na <lb/>uigii &longs;tabulum e&longs;&longs;e interpretabuntur. </s> <s>E&longs;to id uti uis: et car <lb/>cer/et &longs;tabulum/et conceptaculum. </s> <s>Certe &longs;i portus cuiu&longs;que<lb/>proprium e&longs;t/nauim a procellarum impetu ad &longs;e recipere: <lb/>tueri profecto nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ad&longs;int latcra ualida et alta. </s> <s>Tum <lb/>et coaptatum habeat <expan abbr="&longs;patiũ">&longs;patium</expan> oportet: ita ut illic nauigia et <lb/>g<gap/>andia et onu&longs;ta excipi commode/et acquie&longs;cere tuto po&longs; <lb/>&longs;int: qua&longs; res &longs;i præ&longs;tabit ip&longs;a per &longs;e locorum oportunita&longs;: <lb/>nihil erit quod aplius de&longs;ideres/ni forte/ueluti apud athe <lb/>nas: quam tris habui&longs;&longs;e portus naturales &longs;cribit Tuchidi/ <lb/>des/animi dubius <expan abbr="&longs;is/qu&etilde;">&longs;is/quem</expan> nam ex pluribus tibi præcipuum <lb/>captes ubi terras quas portus po&longs;tulet pro&longs;equare. </s> <s>At con/ <lb/>&longs;tat quidem ex his quæ primo in libro diximus/ regiones <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e alias qbus <expan abbr="u&etilde;ti">uenti</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> oes <expan abbr="po&longs;&longs;ũt">po&longs;&longs;unt</expan>: alias qbuseorum aliq pmo <lb/>le&longs;ti et pa&longs;&longs;idui <expan abbr="uigeãt">uigeant</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Hũc">Hunc</expan> <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> praferemus <expan abbr="portũ">portum</expan>: q &longs;au <lb/>cibus mitiores et &longs;editiores auras &longs;piiat: <expan abbr="qu&etilde;">quem</expan> ue ingredi et <lb/>egredi <expan abbr="uol&etilde;tibus">uolentibus</expan> uentis neque <expan abbr="dudũ">dudum</expan> <expan abbr="legũ">legum</expan> expectatis ualeas. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="O&etilde;s">Oens</expan> inter uentos <expan abbr="placidi&longs;&longs;imũ">placidi&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="boreã">boream</expan> arbitrantur: tum <lb/>et aquilone <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> mare illico <expan abbr="ce&longs;&longs;ãte">ce&longs;&longs;ante</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;to">uento</expan> quie&longs;cere au&longs;tro <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;ate po&longs;tdiu fluctuare <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;euerãt">a&longs;&longs;euerant</expan>. </s> <s>Sed pro locorum uarietate <lb/>ad <expan abbr="nauiũ">nauium</expan> <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> quæ <expan abbr="cõmodiora">commodiora</expan> et expeditiora &longs;int <expan abbr="elig&etilde;tur">eligentur</expan>: <pb/>optatur et profunditas cum faucibus tum &longs;inu tum ripis: <lb/>quæ nauim onerariam grauem <expan abbr="cõuectis">conuectis</expan> rebus non refutet: <lb/>et fundo e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="purgato/nequic&qtilde;">purgato/nequicquae</expan> hærbo&longs;o conuenit. </s> <s>Tamet <lb/>&longs;i plurimum interdum commoditatis afferant hærbarum den <lb/>&longs;æ conplexæque radices ad ancoras <expan abbr="obfirmãdas">obfirmandas</expan>. </s> <s>Malim ta <lb/>men huiu&longs;modi e&longs;&longs;e portum: ut nihil in &longs;e concipiat/ quod <lb/>puritatem aeris contaminet: aut naues ledat: uti &longs;unt alga <lb/>hærbæque aquis ortæ. </s> <s>Nam infe&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos carinis uermes ti <lb/>neas/atque lumbriculos: et putre&longs;centibus littoribus pe&longs;ti <lb/>lentes fetores excitant. </s> <s>Portum quoque tabificum et <expan abbr="pe&longs;til&etilde;">pe&longs;tilem</expan> <lb/>tem reddent dulces immixtæ aquæ: pre&longs;ertim quas <expan abbr="mõtes">montes</expan> <lb/>a nimbis conceptas dederint: habere tamen conterminos pro<lb/>ximo&longs;que <expan abbr="fõtes">fontes</expan> ac riuos. </s> <s>Vnde puram et naui &longs;eruabilem <lb/>de&longs;umas aquam: et uelim expeditos et directos/ et certus <lb/>egre&longs;&longs;us habeat/immunes &longs;irtibus: liberos impedimentis: <lb/>tutus ab in&longs;idiis ho&longs;tium/et pyratarum: tum et <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> caput iux <lb/>ta cel&longs;os et <expan abbr="cõ&longs;picuos">con&longs;picuos</expan> uelim aliquos uertices montium im <lb/>minere in&longs;ignes/notabiles/quos nautæ procul <expan abbr="dino&longs;c&etilde;tes">dino&longs;centes</expan> <lb/>ueluti de&longs;tinatum uelificationis &longs;ignum petant. </s> <s>Intra por <lb/>tum ducenda e&longs;t ripa et pons: quo nauis exonerandæ com/ <lb/>moditas &longs;it proximior. </s> <s>Hæc opera ueteres fecere. </s> <s>Alii ali <lb/>ter: de quibus non e&longs;t hic edi&longs;&longs;erendi locus. </s> <s>Nam eorum <lb/>quidem ratio ad portum emendandum molemque <expan abbr="duc&etilde;dam">ducendam</expan> <lb/>pertinet: que &longs;uo dicentur loco. </s> <s>Habebit etim portus <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> <lb/>ambulationem/et porticum/et templum: qua egre&longs;&longs;i naui <lb/>excipiantur. </s> <s>Non deerunt columnæ et an&longs;æ et anuli ferrei <lb/>quibus nauis illigetur. </s> <s>Crebri &longs;tatuentur fornices: quibus <lb/>importata condantur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Su&longs;citabũtur">Su&longs;citabuntur</expan> et turres pro faucibus <lb/>altæ et munitæ: ut ea ex &longs;pecula uelorum aduentus præui/ <lb/><expan abbr="deãt">deant</expan>: et nocturnis ignibus certos nautis <expan abbr="ĩgre&longs;&longs;us">ingre&longs;&longs;us</expan> <expan abbr="mõ&longs;tr&etilde;t">mon&longs;trent</expan>: <lb/>et propugnaculis nauigia &longs;ociorum tueantur/et tran&longs;uer&longs;æ <lb/><expan abbr="adiici&etilde;tur">adiicientur</expan> catenæ/quibus ho&longs;tis excludatur/et a portu me <lb/>diamque in urbem dirigetur uia militaris: confluentque <lb/>uici non pauci: quibus undequaque in&longs;olentem <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> cla&longs;&longs;em ho <pb/>&longs;tium fiat irruptio: habebitque intror&longs;us &longs;eductos &longs;inus mi<lb/>nores: ubi debilitata nauigia <expan abbr="in&longs;taur&etilde;tur">in&longs;taurentur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed hoc quod ad <lb/>portum pertineat non pretermittatur. </s> <s>Celebres et fuere et <lb/>&longs;unt ciuitates ea re tutiores quod fauces et pro faucibus ingre&longs; <lb/>&longs;um incertum habeant/et uix <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> oculis mobiles canalium di <lb/>uer&longs;iones in &longs;ingulas horas annatantibus cognitum. </s> <s>Hæc <lb/>&longs;unt quæ de publicis uniuer&longs;orum rebus dicenda uideban/ <lb/>tur/ni illud addideris/ quod part<gap/>ri plateas <expan abbr="iubeãt">iubeant</expan>: quibu&longs; in <lb/>pace conuecta mercentur: et iuuentus exerceatur: et in bel <lb/>lo lignationes/pabulationes/ et i&longs;tiu&longs;modi tolerandæ ob&longs;i <lb/>dionis remedia &longs;eruentur. </s> <s>Templum uero delubra et ba&longs;i <lb/>lica et &longs;pectaculum et eiu&longs;modi magis <expan abbr="cõmunia">communia</expan> &longs;nnt <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pro <lb/>pria non multorum: &longs;ed &longs;acerdotes illi quidem: &longs;eu magi/ <lb/>&longs;tratus &longs;int. </s> <s>De his igitur &longs;uo dicetur loco.</s></p><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DESINGVLO <lb/>RVM OPERIBVSLIBER Q VINTVS</s></p><p type="main"> <s>PERVM Varietates <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> intra urbem tum </s></p><p type="main"> <s><arrow.to.target n="marg5"></arrow.to.target><lb/>et in agro ad ciuium incolarumque rationes <lb/>accomodari oportere/ proximo &longs;uperiore li <lb/>bro di&longs;&longs;eruimus: compertumque fecimus alia <lb/><expan abbr="ciuiũ">ciuium</expan> cetui uniner&longs;o: alia dignioribus: alia <lb/>ignobilioribus deberi ædificia. </s> <s>Quæ autem <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum gratia conuenirent ab&longs;oluimus. </s> <s>Singulorum <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;itati quintus hic liber <expan abbr="cõmodi&longs;que">commodi&longs;que</expan> comparabitur. </s> <s>Qua <lb/>in re et uaria et ampla et difficili explicanda quoad nobis <lb/>erit ingenii indu&longs;triæque enitemur: ut intelligas uolui&longs;&longs;e me <lb/>nihil pretemittere: quod <expan abbr="aptũ">aptum</expan> ad rem de&longs;iderare qui&longs;piam <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it: et nihil afferre quod magis ad exornandam oratio <lb/>nem <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad exequendum in&longs;titutum faceret. </s> <s>Ordiendum qui <lb/>dem a dignioribus. </s> <s>Digni&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="oīum">oinum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: quibus rerum <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> <lb/>et moderatio <expan abbr="cõmittatur">committatur</expan>. </s> <s>Hi quidem plures <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> aut unus. <pb/>Digni&longs;&longs;imum nimirum oportet e&longs;&longs;e hunc qui cæteris pre&longs;it <lb/>&longs;olus. </s> <s>Quæ igitur i&longs;tius unius gratia fiant con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s>Si <lb/>maximi intere&longs;t cuiu&longs;modi fore ip&longs;um hunc con&longs;tituamus <lb/>illius ne <expan abbr="&longs;imil&etilde;/qui">&longs;imilen/qui</expan> &longs;ancte pieque imperet <expan abbr="uol&etilde;tibus">uolentibus</expan>: quiue <lb/>non magis &longs;uis emolumentis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;uorum ciaium &longs;alute et com <lb/>modis moueatur? </s> <s>an contra eiu&longs;modi qui &longs;ibi paratam e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>cum &longs;ubditis uelit rem: ita ut etiam inuitis imperet. </s> <s>Nam <lb/>cum cætera pleraque omnia edificia / tum et <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> ip&longs;am <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>eandem oportet eorum e&longs;&longs;e/quos <expan abbr="tyrãnos">tyrannos</expan> nuncupant atque <lb/>eorum qui imperium/ qua&longs;i conce&longs;&longs;um magi&longs;tratum inie/ <lb/>rint ac tueantur. </s> <s>Regum enim erit urbs munita/plus &longs;atis: <lb/>ubi aduentitium arcere ho&longs;tem ualeat. </s> <s><expan abbr="Tyrãno">Tyranno</expan> cum &longs;ui ni/ <lb/>hilo&longs;egnius ho&longs;tes &longs;int <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> alieni: utrinque munienda ei ciui <lb/>tas e&longs;t/aduer&longs;us alienos/aduer&longs;u&longs;que &longs;uos: et ita munien/ <lb/>da: ut alienis atque <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> &longs;uis <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> &longs;uos uti &longs;ub&longs;idiis ualeat.</s></p><p type="margin"> <s><margin.target id="marg5"></margin.target>o</s></p><p type="main"> <s>In ho&longs;tes urbem &longs;uperiore libro munitam fecimus: <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;uos">in&longs;uos</expan> <lb/>quid expediat con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s>Perualidum putat Euripides <lb/>aduer&longs;arium e&longs;&longs;e multitudinem natura &longs;ui: eamque &longs;i frau/ <lb/><expan abbr="d&etilde;">dem</expan> dolumque in <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <expan abbr="cõtulerit">contulerit</expan> reddi omnino <expan abbr="ĩexpugnabil&etilde;">inexpugnabilem</expan>.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Carras apud egyptum <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> populo&longs;i&longs;&longs;imam/adeo ut cum <lb/>indiem defunctorum capita &longs;i non plus mille efferantur/&longs;o <lb/>&longs;pitem et optime ualere arbitrentur. </s> <s>Prudenti&longs;&longs;imi reges <lb/>crebra fo&longs;&longs;a aquaria ita diui&longs;ere: ut iam non unam/ &longs;ed plu <lb/>rimas e&longs;&longs;e pu&longs;illas iunctas urbes dicas. </s> <s>Id ita fecerunt credo <lb/>ut ni&longs;i <expan abbr="cõmoditas">commoditas</expan> pa&longs;&longs;im diffunderetur. </s> <s>Sed ea re imprimis <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt ut graues multorum motus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="uerean&ttilde;">uereantur</expan>: et q mo <lb/><expan abbr="uean&ttilde;">ueantur</expan> leui&longs;&longs;ime <expan abbr="compriman&ttilde;">comprimantur</expan>: uti &longs;i quis ex magno colo&longs;&longs;o <lb/>duas plures ue effecerit &longs;tatuas tractabiles atque portabiles.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Romani nullum &longs;enatorem mittebant procon&longs;ulem <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> egy <lb/>ptum: &longs;ed eque&longs;tres uiros &longs;ingulis locis di&longs;tribuebant. </s> <s>Id <lb/>quidem ea de re in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e aiebat Arrianus: ne tam apta <lb/>ad res nouas prouintia unius imperio ageretur. </s> <s>Et annota/ <lb/>runt quidem urbem nullam ciuium di&longs;&longs;idiis immunem da <lb/>ri: cuius aream natura di&longs;creuerit: uti &longs;i peruadat fluen/ <pb/>tum/ aut &longs;i plures emineant colles/ aut &longs;i pars colle/pars <lb/>iaceat plano muro interducto commodi&longs;&longs;ime diuidetur. <lb/></s> <s>Ducendum puto/non quia <expan abbr="Diametrũ">Diametrum</expan> tran&longs;uer&longs;am per are <lb/>am: &longs;ed ueluti circulo circulum icludas/ nam ditiores qui <lb/>dem/laxioribus delectati &longs;paciis: facile priore a muro ex <lb/>cludi &longs;e pacietur/macellumque/media&longs;que uibis officinas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>inuiti/circumforaneis cupidenariis reiinquent: ignauiaque<lb/>illa terr<gap/>ntiani gnatonis turba /fartorum/ laniorum/ co/ <lb/><expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> et eiu&longs;modi: plus &longs;ecuritatis et minus &longs;u&longs;pitionis af <lb/>feret q &longs;i ab ca primarii ciues non excluderentur illud <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;it ab re quod apud Fe&longs;tum legimus. </s> <s>Ser. </s> <s>Tullium patri <lb/>tios uico iu&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e habitare: in quo &longs;i quid molirentur: ex <lb/>loco &longs;uperiore po&longs;&longs;et opprimere. </s> <s>Muium <expan abbr="hũc">hunc</expan> interiorem <lb/>oportet ita ducere/ut nulla &longs;it urbis regio qua is quidem <lb/>non pertingat: et oportet cum ceteros urbis muros: tum <lb/>maxime hunc cra&longs;&longs;itudine omnique operis artificio/ualidi&longs; <lb/>&longs;imum attollere. </s> <s>et &longs;ublimem: quo ad priuata cunctorum <lb/>tecta excellat/mini&longs;que et propugnaculis/atque forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;a conuenit hinc atque hinc munire: ut per eum &longs;atelli <lb/>tes utroque protecti latere tutentur. </s> <s>Turres in&longs;uper <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad <lb/>apertas intro&longs;um/&longs;ed circumtectas muro: et tam in &longs;uos <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>in aduentitios ho&longs;tes expo&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e locis oportet: pre&longs;er/ <lb/>tim quibus uiæ/aut alta templorum tecta dirigantur. </s> <s>In <lb/>turres uelim nullos ni&longs;i per murum ip&longs;um <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cen&longs;us">con&longs;cen&longs;us</expan> dari. <lb/></s> <s>Et in murum ni&longs;i qua permi&longs;erit <expan abbr="prĩpces">primpces</expan> aditum patere ex <lb/>arce per urbem ad uias nulli arcus / nulle u&longs;piam turres: <lb/>relinquendæ prohibendæ et menia ni proiecturæ. </s> <s>Vnde mi&longs; <lb/>&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="decur&longs;itãtes">decur&longs;itantes</expan> per uicos milites po&longs;&longs;int &longs;ubmouere. <lb/></s> <s>Denique ita paranda omnis harum rerum ædificatio e&longs;t ut <lb/>edita omnia qui dominetur po&longs;&longs;ideat &longs;olus: et &longs;uis pe<gap/>cur <lb/>rendi uniuer&longs;am per urbem facultatem remoretur nemo. <lb/></s> <s>Ita que his tyrannorum urbs a regum urbe differt. </s> <s>Forta&longs; <lb/>&longs;is ea etiam re differunt: quod liberis populis plana com/ <lb/>modiora &longs;int. </s> <s>Tyrannus monte &longs;it tutior. </s> <s>Cætera i&longs;torum <pb/><gap/>dificia quæ inhabitent et regis et <expan abbr="tyrãni">tyranni</expan>: pleri&longs;que in rebus <lb/>non modo inter &longs;e uerum et una cum plebeis priuatorum ædi <lb/>ficiis conueniunt: nonnullis etiam ab his atque inter &longs;e diffe <lb/>runt/prius dicendum qui conueniant po&longs;t quid cuique &longs;it pro<lb/>prium. </s> <s>Hoc genus ædium nece&longs;&longs;itatis gratia con&longs;titutum <lb/>interpretantur. </s> <s>in&longs;unt tamen partes aliquæ / alioquin com <lb/>mode quas u&longs;us et con&longs;uetudo ita uiuendi efficit/ut puten <lb/>tur penitus nece&longs;&longs;ariæ uti e&longs;t porticus ambulatio/ge&longs;tatio <lb/>et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>ca nos quando &longs;ic ædificationis ratio &longs;uadeat <lb/>non ita di&longs;tinguemus/ut <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> ab ip&longs;is nece&longs;&longs;ariis &longs;egre <lb/>gemus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Sed &longs;ic ut quemadmodum <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> urbibus: ita et in ædibus i&longs;tiu&longs; <lb/>modi/alia uniuer&longs;orum e&longs;&longs;e/alia paucorum/ alia &longs;ingulo <lb/>rum dicamus. </s> <s>Porticum quidem et ue&longs;tibulum non &longs;eruo <lb/>rum magis uti Diorus putat <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uniuer&longs;orum ciuium gra <lb/>tia po&longs;itum arbitramur. </s> <s>Intra ædes ambulationem aream: <lb/>atrium: &longs;alam quam a &longs;altando dictam puto/ quod in ea nu/ <lb/>ptiarum et conuiuiarum alacritas celebretur non uniuer&longs;o <lb/>rum/&longs;ed potius incolarum &longs;unt. </s> <s>Cenacula alia liberorum <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e/alia &longs;eruorum con&longs;tat/tum dormitiones matronarum <lb/>uirginum/ho&longs;pitum/&longs;ingulorum ferme &longs;unt. </s> <s>De uniuer&longs;a <lb/>i&longs;torum partitione quoad generatim pertinebat diximus <lb/>libro primo: in liniamentis numero enim amplitudine: et <lb/>&longs;itu pro cuiu&longs;que u&longs;u/apte expediantur nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> i&longs;ta <lb/>particulatim pro&longs;equamur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Porticus et ue&longs;tibullim aditu hone&longs;tabitur. </s> <s>Aditus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> uia <lb/>qua pateat hone&longs;tatur/tum et operis dignitate: qua perfi <lb/>niatur interiora cenacula et cellæ et eiu&longs;modi locis di&longs;po <lb/>nentur aptis/ut immi&longs;&longs;a comode &longs;eruentur: ut bene cum <lb/>aere &longs;olibus uenti&longs;que conueniant. </s> <s>ut ad u&longs;us expetitos <expan abbr="accõ">accom</expan> <lb/>modentur/di&longs;tinguenturque/nequid commercia: aut ho&longs;pi <lb/>tum/aut a&longs;&longs;iduorum i&longs;tis dignitatem commoditatem uo <lb/>luptatemue minuant: illis petulantiam augeant/ ac ueluti <lb/><expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> urbe forum/ plateæ/ita in ædibus atrium/&longs;ala/et generis <pb/>eiu&longs;dem habebuntur: loco non reiecto/non abdito nec an/ <lb/>gu&longs;to: &longs;ed prompta &longs;int ut cetera <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> eas membra expediti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me confluant. </s> <s>In has quidem &longs;calarum et itionum apertio/ <lb/>nes: <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> has <expan abbr="cõuiuarum">conuiuarum</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;alutatiões">&longs;alutationes</expan> et gratulationes <expan abbr="termiuabũt">termiuabunt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Rur&longs;us <expan abbr="h&etilde;bit">hembit</expan> ædes aditus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> multiplices &longs;ed <expan abbr="unicũ">unicum</expan> quo ia <lb/>nitore in&longs;cio ingredi nemo aut a&longs;portare quippiam po&longs;&longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Apertiones cum <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiorum/tũ">ho&longs;tiorum/tum</expan> et fene&longs;trarum cauebimus: <lb/>ne furibus ne ue item uicinis pateant ad turbanda/ &longs;pectan <lb/>da/no&longs;cendaque quæ intus aut dicantur aut gerantur. </s> <s>Aegy <lb/>ptii ita domos priuatas ædi&longs;icant ut extrin&longs;ecus nullæ fene <lb/>&longs;trarum apertiones appareant: Optaret forta&longs;&longs;is qui&longs;piam <lb/>po&longs;ticam ade&longs;&longs;e ianuam: qua me&longs;&longs;es &longs;eu reda &longs;eu <expan abbr="ium&etilde;to">iumento</expan> in <lb/>ueherentur: nequid <expan abbr="inquinam&etilde;tis">inquinamentis</expan> primaria uc&longs;tibula deho <lb/>ne&longs;tarentur: adderentque po&longs;ticulam &longs;ecretiorem: qua in&longs;cia <lb/>familia &longs;olus dominus admittere occultos tabellarios et in <lb/>ternuntios egredique ex arbitrio po&longs;&longs;it/ prout <expan abbr="t&etilde;pora">tempora</expan> <expan abbr="rerũquemodus">rerunque<lb/>modus</expan> ferat. </s> <s>Ho&longs;ce non improbo/illud peruclim non de/ <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e abditi&longs;&longs;imas latebras/occulti&longs;&longs;imos rece&longs;&longs;us/ et celata <lb/>diffugia/ip&longs;i patrifamilias uix agnita: quibus aduer&longs;is ca <lb/>&longs;ibus argentum/ue&longs;tem/&longs;eque/&longs;i id ita mala tempe&longs;tas tule/ <lb/>rit &longs;aluet. </s> <s>Fecerant ad &longs;epulchrum dauid loculos: quibus <lb/>the&longs;auros ex regis hæreditate conderent/ arte mirifica: ita <lb/>ut nullatenus po&longs;&longs;ent e&longs;&longs;e manife&longs;ti. </s> <s>Ex quorum uno po&longs;t <lb/>annos. </s> <s>M. CCC. </s> <s>Hircanum pontificem ait lo&longs;ephus auri <lb/>talenta hau&longs;i&longs;&longs;e tria milia ut ob&longs;idione ab Antiocho libera <lb/>ret ciuitatem. </s> <s>Tum et po&longs;t tempora <expan abbr="Herod&etilde;">Herodem</expan> ex altero ma <lb/>gnam quoque rapui&longs;&longs;e uim auri prædicant. </s> <s>In his igitur ædes <lb/>principum cum priuatis <expan abbr="cõueniunt">conueniunt</expan>. </s> <s>Inter principum et pri <lb/>uatorum ædes hoc maxime intere&longs;t/ quod earum utræque &longs;uam <lb/>in primis naturam &longs;apiunt. </s> <s>In hac quidem que plurimorum<lb/>&longs;unt u&longs;ibus addicate /numero et amplitudine excellere: in <lb/>altera que paucorum aut &longs;ingulorum &longs;unt/ cultiora magis <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ampli&longs;&longs;ima fieri conuenit. </s> <s>Tum et hoc intere&longs;t: quod in his <lb/>etiam &longs;ingulorum receptus naturam &longs;apiant principum ne <pb/>ce&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: quæ quidem plurimorum &longs;int/ quando nu&longs;quam in <lb/>regum domibus non &longs;uperfiuit multitudo: in alteris uero <lb/>priuatis domibus partes quæ plurimorum &longs;unt ita quoque po&longs;u <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e iuuat: ut ne plus quidem regia domus membra penitu&longs; <lb/>di&longs;tincta/uxoris: uiri: mini&longs;trorum: ita ut quæque non mo/ <lb/>do ad u&longs;um: uerum et ad maie&longs;tatem pertineant/ ubique &longs;up <lb/>peditent: et nulla ex dome&longs;ticorum multitudine confu&longs;io <lb/>redundet. </s> <s>Difficile &longs;ane id/ et quod haud queas unico &longs;ub <lb/>tecto efficere. </s> <s>Figo cuique &longs;ua et regio et area/&longs;uumque in <lb/>tegrum tecti &longs;patium et opus dabitur. </s> <s>Sed ita iungentur te <lb/>eto et itionibus: ut &longs;eruorum dome&longs;ticorumque <expan abbr="manus/dũ">manus/dum</expan> <lb/>præ&longs;tandis operibus properant/ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ueluti ex uicina aliqua <lb/>domo acciti &longs;e&longs;e præbeant: &longs;ed præ&longs;entes præ&longs;to et prompti <lb/>&longs;int. </s> <s>Atqui paruuli/ancillæ graculæque cohortis &longs;trepitus a <lb/>uirorum <expan abbr="cõmertiis">commertiis</expan> &longs;ecludantur: et mini&longs;trorum omni&longs; illau/ <lb/>tities &longs;eparabitur. </s> <s>Principum con&longs;e&longs;&longs;us et triclinia digni&longs; <lb/>&longs;imo &longs;tat<gap/>entur loco. </s> <s>Dignitatem afferet loci cel&longs;itudo/et <lb/>&longs;ub oculis <expan abbr="&longs;pectatũ">&longs;pectatum</expan> mare/colles/et ampla regio. </s> <s>Tota uxo <lb/>ris domus omnino<gap/> <expan abbr="prĩcipis">principis</expan> uiri domo &longs;ecernetur: præter <lb/>id quod <expan abbr="ultimũ">ultimum</expan> conclaue et genitalis lecti dormitione&longs; utri&longs;que<lb/>communia patebunt. </s> <s>Ho&longs;tio et ianitore codem uno ambo <lb/>rum domus claudetur atque ea&longs;todietur. </s> <s>Cætera quibus eæ <lb/>ab aliis differant magis propria &longs;unt priuatorum <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> princi/ <lb/>pum: de ip&longs;is ergo &longs;uo dicemus loco. </s> <s>Rur&longs;us inter &longs;e prin <lb/>cipum ædes in hoc conueniunt. </s> <s>Nam præter ea quæ priua/ <lb/>tis eorum u&longs;ibus debentur habere quidem oportet <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> ex <lb/>ip&longs;a militari uia: ip&longs;oque præ&longs;ertim/fluuio aut mari: tum <lb/>pro ue&longs;tibulo laxos receptus: quibus legatorum procerumque<lb/>comm<gap/>atus &longs;eu uehiculo/&longs;eu iumento uecti excipiantur. <lb/></s> <s>Porticum et tecta non hominum &longs;olum gratia/uerum et iu <lb/>mentorum uelim ade&longs;&longs;e: quibus a &longs;ole et imbri <expan abbr="contegan&ttilde;">contegantur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Ad ue&longs;tibulum porticus: ambulatio: ge&longs;tatio: et eiu&longs;modi <lb/>pergrata e&longs;t: ubi iuuentus &longs;eniores a principis colloquio re <lb/>deuntes expectans exerceatur &longs;altu: pila: di&longs;co: lucta. </s> <s>Pro <pb/>penetralibus &longs;ubinde <expan abbr="atrium/ba&longs;ilicã">atrium/ba&longs;ilicam</expan> ue: ubi clientes di&longs;pu <lb/>tando patronos præ&longs;tolentur: ubi et princeps ius dicturus <lb/>ad tribunal &longs;edem &longs;tatuat. </s> <s>Subinde concenaculum: ubi &longs;e/ <lb/>niorcs principum &longs;alutatum conueniant: et rogati &longs;ententi <lb/>am dicant. </s> <s>Idque forta&longs;&longs;is aliud æ&longs;tiuum/aliud e&longs;&longs;e hiema <lb/>le conuenit: et omnino patrum qui conuenerint ætati fe&longs;&longs;æ <lb/>et delitiis <expan abbr="pro&longs;pici&etilde;dum">pro&longs;piciendum</expan> e&longs;t: nequid illic ualitudini aduer <lb/>&longs;um influat. </s> <s>et <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> ratio et nece&longs;&longs;itas temporum po&longs;tu <lb/>lat rebus di&longs;ceptandis &longs;tatuendi&longs;que po&longs;&longs;int &longs;ine ulla uel mi <lb/>nima <expan abbr="impeditiõe">impeditione</expan> commorari. </s> <s>Comperio <gap/> Senecam pri <lb/>mum omnium Gracchum/ mox <expan abbr="Liuiũ">Liuium</expan> Dru&longs;um in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> uno loco audire omnes: &longs;ed habere turbam &longs;egregatam: <lb/>et alios in &longs;ecretis recipere: alios cum pluribus: alios cum <lb/>uniuer&longs;is: uti amicos primos et &longs;ecundos eo pacto notaret: <lb/>id &longs;i i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> fortuna aut licet aut placet: ianuæ diuer <lb/>&longs;æ fient et plures: quibus alia atque alia parte recipiant/ac <lb/>receptos mittant: et quos nolint <expan abbr="excludãt">excludant</expan> &longs;ine <expan abbr="cõtumacia">contumacia</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Aedibus &longs;pecula &longs;uperemineat: qua eue&longs;tigio cuiu&longs;uis mo <lb/>tus fiat certior. </s> <s>Itaque <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> his et i&longs;torum &longs;imilibus <expan abbr="conueniũt">conueniunt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>In quibus uero <expan abbr="differũt">differunt</expan> hæc &longs;unt. </s> <s>Nam regum <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ædes <lb/>in media urbe aditu facilis: ornatu uenu&longs;ta: lautitie <expan abbr="elegãs">elegans</expan> <lb/>magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;uperba &longs;it. </s> <s><expan abbr="cõdecet">condecet</expan> <expan abbr="tyrãno">tyranno</expan> non ædes magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> arx <lb/>locanda e&longs;t: ut &longs;it neque in urbe neque exurbe. </s> <s>Adde quod ad re/ <lb/>gis ædes &longs;pectaculum templum proccrumque tecta pulcher/ <lb/>rime adiunguntur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Tyrãnorum">Tyrannorum</expan> &longs;edes quaque circum &longs;patios <lb/><expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> modico &longs;egregatis omnium ædificiis &longs;e&longs;e contineat nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>Hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima et quæ utrunque deceat atque iuuet erit <lb/>ædificatio/ &longs;i neque exponetur regia: <expan abbr="pat&etilde;s">patens</expan> adeo/ut in&longs;ole <lb/>&longs;centes nequeat depellere: neque di&longs;tinguetur arx/ ita ut car <lb/>cer magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> lauti principis diuer&longs;orium uideatur. </s> <s>Vnum <lb/>hic nolim præterire. </s> <s>Nam percommodi&longs;&longs;imæ quidem ty <lb/><expan abbr="rãnis">rannis</expan> &longs;unt occultæ et latentes intra cra&longs;&longs;itudinem parietis <lb/>fi&longs;tulæ au&longs;cultatoriæ: quibus furtim captent quid &longs;eu ho&longs;pi <lb/>tes/&longs;eu familiares inter &longs;e colloquantur. </s> <s>Sed quom regiæ <pb/>domus proprium &longs;it/omnibus pene ac maxime primariis <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>rebus aliter &longs;e atque arcem habere: officii erit arci regiam <lb/>adiungere: quo et rex &longs;ubitis ca&longs;ibus: arcem ueteres urbi/ <lb/>bus ponere in&longs;tituerunt: quo <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> aduer&longs;is tempe&longs;tatibus refu <lb/>gium haberent. </s> <s>Vbi uirginum matronarumque <expan abbr="pudicitiã">pudicitiam</expan> <lb/>cum &longs;acrorum &longs;anctitate tutarentur. </s> <s>Meminit quidem Fe <lb/>&longs;tus arcem apud ueteres religioni &longs;acratam fui&longs;&longs;e: et appel <lb/>lari &longs;olitam augurialem: archanumque illic fieri quoddam <lb/>&longs;olitum per uirgines <expan abbr="&longs;acrificium/occultũ/longeque">&longs;acrificium/occultun/longeque</expan> a uulgi <lb/>notitia remoti&longs;&longs;imum. </s> <s>Ea de re pri&longs;corum arcem nullam <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e templis uacuam inuenies. </s> <s>Sed arcem tyramni &longs;ibi u&longs;ur <lb/>pauere: locique pietatem ac religionem ad &longs;celus immani <lb/>tatemque uerterunt: calamit ati&longs;que <expan abbr="&longs;anctũ">&longs;anctum</expan> illud refugium <lb/>erumnarum fomentum reddidere. </s> <s>Nos rem pro&longs;equamur. <lb/></s> <s>Amoniis arx ad <expan abbr="templũ">templum</expan> muro circuibatur triplici. </s> <s>Prima <lb/>extabat munitio tyramnorum. </s> <s>Proxima coniuges cum li/ <lb/>beris. </s> <s>Vltima &longs;atellitum crat &longs;edes. </s> <s>Aptum opus ni magi&longs; <lb/>&longs;pectet qui toleret <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qui inferat uim. </s> <s>Ac mihi quidem uti <lb/>eius militis fortitudo non probatur quidem: &longs;i nihilo plus <lb/><expan abbr="præ&longs;tet/&qtilde;">præ&longs;tet/quae</expan> ut in&longs;ultantem ho&longs;tem obdurate perferat: &longs;ic et <lb/>ab arcc expectandum puto/ut non modo &longs;u&longs;tinere lace&longs;&longs;en <lb/>tem: uerum et compe&longs;cere impetentes ualeat. </s> <s>Vtrunque ta/ <lb/>men ita curandum/ut <expan abbr="uehem&etilde;ter">uehementer</expan> ip&longs;um ad &longs;olum quæ&longs;i&longs;&longs;e <lb/>uideare. </s> <s>Hæc ut a&longs;&longs;equamur/loci &longs;itus et murorum ratio <lb/>præ&longs;tabit. </s> <s>Dubitare uideo peritos rei militaris arcem ne <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="firmi&longs;&longs;imã">firmi&longs;&longs;imam</expan> uelit/colle an plano collocet. </s> <s>Collinas qui <lb/>dem non dari ubi uis eiu&longs;modi/ ut ob&longs;edi&longs;&longs;e ct dirui&longs;&longs;e ne <lb/>queas: neque plana &longs;i recte a&longs;truantur/impune attentari ar <lb/>mis. </s> <s>De his non di&longs;puto. </s> <s>Tota nempe res locorum e&longs;t opor <lb/>tunitatibus commendanda/ita ut que de urbe diximus <expan abbr="oĩa">oina</expan> <lb/>ad ponendam <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> con&longs;umentur. </s> <s>Omnino habeat arx opor <lb/>tet expeditas irruptiones: unde in <expan abbr="ho&longs;tes/ĩ">ho&longs;tes/im</expan> ciues/in &longs;uo&longs;que<lb/>ca&longs;tren&longs;es: &longs;iqua &longs;editio aut perfidia id exigat et &longs;ua et ex/ <lb/>terna po&longs;&longs;it auxilia &longs;ibere petere atque immittere tellure <pb/>fluento/lacu/mari. </s> <s>Percommoda erit areis de&longs;criptio quæ <lb/>&longs;ibi iunget omnes urbis muros qua&longs;i. </s> <s>o. </s> <s>littera ingentes. <lb/></s> <s>C. inflexis cornibus præhendant non circumcludant. <lb/></s> <s>&longs;ic/aut a qua plures radii ueluti ad circumferentiam exe/ <lb/>ant: &longs;ic enim quod oportere nuper dicebamus: neque intra <lb/>urbem erit arx: neque adeo extra urbem. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i quis <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> <lb/><gap/> olet breui&longs;&longs;ime de&longs;cribere forta&longs;&longs;is non errabit/ &longs;i eam di <lb/>xerit/po&longs;ticam e&longs;&longs;e urbis omni ex parte egregie muniti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mam. </s> <s>Sed &longs;it ea quidem uti uolunt operum &longs;upremus uer/ <lb/>tex et urbis nedus: minax: a&longs;pera: rigidaque &longs;it oportet, per <lb/>uicax: inuicta: pu&longs;illa <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ampla crit tutior. </s> <s>Nam hic pauco <lb/>rum fide: illic multorum officio indigebimus. </s> <s>Et quid il <lb/>le apud Euripidem: <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> fuit multitudo non referta ma <lb/>lis ingeniis: ita i&longs;tic in paucis fides minus incerta erit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in <lb/>multis perfida. </s> <s>Arcis podium ponetur &longs;olidum/ua&longs;tis lapi <lb/>dibus/linea extrin&longs;ecus obliqua: quo &longs;calæ admotæ curua <lb/>tu debilitentur: et qui applicuerit ho&longs;tis hærendo ad murum<lb/>dimi&longs;&longs;os lapides non euitet: et tormentis immi&longs;&longs;a non u<gap/>que<lb/>arietent: &longs;ed ex obliquo di&longs;&longs;iliant. </s> <s>Area intror&longs;us pa&longs;&longs;im la <lb/>ti&longs;&longs;imis et cra&longs;&longs;is lapidibus duplici atque etiam triplici &longs;o <lb/>lio dimi&longs;&longs;is in&longs;ternetur nequid cuniculis furtim <expan abbr="ob&longs;id&etilde;tes">ob&longs;identes</expan> <lb/>irreptent: Murus alti&longs;&longs;imus &longs;olidi&longs;&longs;imus cra&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;imu&longs;que ad <lb/>&longs;upremas u&longs;que coronas attollatur: qui pulcherrime ma/ <lb/>chinarum uim et mi&longs;&longs;ilia refutet: et &longs;calis aut etiam aggere <lb/>quoad in nos &longs;it minime queat æquari. </s> <s>Cætera uti de <expan abbr="urbiũ">urbium</expan> <lb/>muris diximus perficientur. </s> <s>Præcipua quidem ad tuendo&longs; <lb/>urbis et arcis muros <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> hoc erit ratio: ut cures penitus ne ho <lb/>&longs;tis impune propius po&longs;&longs;it appellere. </s> <s>Id fiet cum fo&longs;&longs;a qua <lb/>diximus profundaque lataque: tum et furtariis ut ita loquar <lb/>&longs;ub fi&longs;&longs;uris per ip&longs;um imum podii di&longs;po&longs;itis. </s> <s>Vnde ho&longs;tis <lb/>dum &longs;e &longs;cuto &longs;uperne proteget/qua &longs;it parte <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tectus <expan abbr="trã&longs;">tran&longs;</expan> <lb/>ueberetur. </s> <s>Hoc enim genus <gap/>fen&longs;ionis omnibus ante e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s>Tuti<gap/>s enim i&longs;tic <expan abbr="occa&longs;ion&etilde;">occa&longs;ionem</expan> conficiendi ho&longs;tis captant/bre <lb/>uiore finiunt linea/raro petunt ho&longs;tem fru&longs;tra: cui <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> cor <pb/>pus operire difficile e&longs;t: unumque obuium ho&longs;tem &longs;i præte <lb/>rit <expan abbr="tælũ">tælum</expan>: petet proximum/aut interdum <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> et item alterum<lb/>et alterum: Superne <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> immi&longs;&longs;a non &longs;ine periculo de&longs;tinan <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Vix unum tantum <expan abbr="petũt">petunt</expan>: qui et præuidi&longs;&longs;e et leui mo <lb/>mento declina&longs;&longs;e/ et breui &longs;cuto refuta&longs;&longs;e immi&longs;&longs;a queat. <lb/></s> <s>Si erit arx maritima circum uada <expan abbr="impedi&etilde;tur">impedientur</expan> palis/&longs;axis/ <lb/>ne nouum machinamenta propius po&longs;&longs;int appellere. </s> <s>Si erit <lb/>plano: fo&longs;&longs;a aquaria circundabitur: &longs;ed ea ne quid putidi <lb/>aeris afferat u&longs;que fodietur/ quo &longs;caturiat uiuam aquam. </s> <s>Si <lb/>erit monte/præcipitiis uallabitur: ubi licebit hi&longs;ce omni/ <lb/>bus utemur. </s> <s>Quibus uero ex locis tormentorum mi&longs;&longs;ilia po&longs; <lb/>&longs;int impetere: cycli aut potius anguli murorum ueluti pro <lb/>ræ in acutum obiicientur. </s> <s>Non me fugit quod periti aliqui mi <lb/>litia a&longs;&longs;erunt: contra mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetum muros præaltos <lb/>fore non utiles. </s> <s><expan abbr="Horũ">Horum</expan> enim ruina equatis fo&longs;&longs;is expediti&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mum præberi ho&longs;tibus irruentibus <expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan>. </s> <s>Hoc non eueniet <lb/>&longs;i quæ &longs;upra diximus <expan abbr="ob&longs;eruabũtur">ob&longs;eruabuntur</expan>. </s> <s>Redeo ad rem. </s> <s>Ad ar <lb/>cem turris una primaria excitabitur/ multa &longs;ui parte &longs;oli/ <lb/>da: toto opere robu&longs;ta: undique munita: cæteris cel&longs;ior: ae <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;u ardua: ingre&longs;&longs;u non ni&longs;i ponte mobili. </s> <s>Mobilium <expan abbr="põ">pom</expan> <lb/>tium duo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> genera. </s> <s>Alterum quo inuer&longs;o clauditur egre&longs; <lb/>&longs;us. </s> <s>Alterum quo porrecto atque retracto utimur: ubi acres la <lb/>/&longs;ciuiũt uenti. </s> <s>Po&longs;terior <expan abbr="cõmodior">commodior</expan> e&longs;t. </s> <s>Turres quæ <expan abbr="circũpe">circumpe</expan> <lb/>tere hanc mi&longs;&longs;ilibus <expan abbr="po&longs;&longs;ũt">po&longs;&longs;unt</expan> parte huic uer&longs;a nudæ habebun <lb/>tur: aut muro tectæ relinquentur gracili. </s> <s>Excubiarum &longs;ta <lb/>tiones et propugnatorum fori <expan abbr="di&longs;tribu&etilde;tur">di&longs;tribuentur</expan>: ut alii in&longs;imas <lb/>arcis ptes: alii &longs;upremas: alii alias <expan abbr="di&longs;tĩctis">di&longs;tinctis</expan> muneribus &longs;edi <lb/>bu&longs;que curent: demum aditus et egre&longs;&longs;us et omnis partitio <lb/>&longs;ic habebitur et parata et munita: ut neque amicorum perfi <lb/>dia/neque inimicorum uis frau&longs; ue po&longs;&longs;it ledere. </s> <s>Areis te/ <lb/>cta ne tormentorum ponderibus <expan abbr="obruãtur/ad">obruantur/ad</expan> acutum angu <lb/>lum <expan abbr="fini&etilde;tur">finientur</expan> aut ualido opere et &longs;pi&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;imis trabibus obfir <lb/>mabuntur: po&longs;t imponetur cru&longs;ta/ et in eam præterea tubu <lb/>li: per quorum uacua exceptus imber pfluat / nullo calcis <pb/>aut limi fultu illiti <expan abbr="in&longs;ternen&ttilde;">in&longs;ternentur</expan>. </s> <s>Po&longs;tremo te&longs;taceis <expan abbr="fragm&etilde;">fragmen</expan> <lb/>tis uel potius pumice &longs;uperin&longs;par&longs;is <expan abbr="operi&etilde;tur">operientur</expan> binum ad cu <lb/>bitum cra&longs;&longs;itudine. </s> <s>Sic neque <expan abbr="ruentiũ">ruentium</expan> ponderum in &longs;e / neque<lb/>ignium iniuriam uerebuntur. </s> <s>Summatim quidem erit arx <lb/>perficienda: uti &longs;i pu&longs;illam quandam urbem coædifices: pa <lb/>ri igitur atque urbs ip&longs;a munietur opere et arte: cæteraque co <lb/>aptabuntur quæ u&longs;ui &longs;int. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nõ">non</expan> deerit aqua &longs;uppeditabit ubi <lb/>militem arma/ frumenta/pernam / acetum / et <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis li <lb/>gna colloces/atque a&longs;&longs;erues: et <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> arce ip&longs;a turris i&longs;tæc prima <lb/>tia quam dicimus/ueluti minutior quædam aderit arx: cui <lb/>pror&longs;us de&longs;it nihil eorum quæ arcibus de&longs;iderentur. </s> <s>Habebit <lb/>ci&longs;ternam/et loculos rerum quibus &longs;e&longs;e abunde alat et <expan abbr="tuea&ttilde;">tueatur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Habebit aditus: unde in &longs;uos etiam inuitos irrumpat: et un <lb/>de petita &longs;ub&longs;idia immittat. </s> <s>Illud hic non prætereo cunicu <lb/>lis aquariis arces interdum defen&longs;as: interdum urbes cloa/ <lb/>cis captas fui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Horum utrunque iuuat nuntiis <expan abbr="emitt&etilde;dis">emittendis</expan>. </s> <s>At <lb/>cura&longs;&longs;e oportet/ ut i&longs;tiu&longs;modi res multo minus ledere po&longs; <lb/>&longs;int <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> iuuare. </s> <s>Fient igitur apti&longs;&longs;imi: ducentur tortuo&longs;i: ex <lb/>cipientur profundo: ut neque armatus peruadere: neque iner/ <lb/>mis in arcem euadere/ni&longs;i uocatus admi&longs;&longs;u&longs;que &longs;it potis. </s> <s>Fi <lb/>nient belli&longs;&longs;ime cloaca/aut potius de&longs;erta et ignota in are/ <lb/>naria/ aut &longs;ecretis templorum fani&longs;cis ac bu&longs;tuariis. </s> <s>Tum &longs;i <lb/>humanos ca&longs;us nequicquam neglexi&longs;&longs;e oportet nimirum iu/ <lb/>uabit notos &longs;ibibabere ingre&longs;&longs;us intimam in arcem quibus <lb/>&longs;i <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> euenit ut excludatur/po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="att&etilde;perare">attemperare</expan> irrumpere <lb/>cum armatis: et forta&longs;&longs;is conferet ad hanc rem/partem ha/ <lb/>here aliquam murorum abditi&longs;&longs;imam: quæ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ex calce &longs;ed <lb/>creta ob&longs;tructa &longs;it. </s> <s>Vnius tantum gratia qui cæteris præ&longs;it <lb/>&longs;eu &longs;it ille quidem rex &longs;eu <expan abbr="tyrãnus">tyrannus</expan> quid feci&longs;&longs;e oporteat di <lb/>ximus. </s> <s>Sequitur ut ea tran&longs;igamus/quæ hi <expan abbr="requirãt/quod">requirant/quod</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>unici tantum pre&longs;unt: &longs;ed &longs;imul plures <expan abbr="gubern&etilde;t">gubernent</expan> rem. </s> <s>His <lb/>aut tota. </s> <s>r. </s> <s>p. </s> <s>qua&longs;i unus magi&longs;tratus integra <expan abbr="cõmittetur">committetur</expan><gap/><lb/>aut partibus di&longs;tribuetur. </s> <s>Con&longs;tat. </s> <s>r. </s> <s>p. </s> <s>&longs;acris quibus &longs;upe <lb/>ros colimus/his <expan abbr="põtifices">pontifices</expan> pre&longs;unt: et prophanis quibus ho <pb/>minum &longs;ocietas et &longs;alus contineatur. </s> <s>His domi &longs;enator iu <lb/>dex: foris <expan abbr="ca&longs;trorũ">ca&longs;trorum</expan> dux et cla&longs;&longs;is præfectus et huiu&longs;modi. <lb/></s> <s>Cui uis i&longs;torum duo <expan abbr="deb&etilde;tur">debentur</expan> genera domicilii: alterum quod <lb/>ad &longs;uum pertineat officium: alterum quo &longs;e familiamque <lb/>&longs;uam recipiat. </s> <s>Larem quidem familiarem habebit qui&longs;que <lb/>&longs;imilem huic: cui &longs;e&longs;e pro uitæ in&longs;tituto e&longs;&longs;e uelit &longs;imilem <lb/>aut regi aut <expan abbr="tyrãno">tyranno</expan> aut demum priuato. </s> <s>Sunt tamen aliqua <lb/>quæ huic <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> generi apprime <expan abbr="debeãtur">debeantur</expan>. </s> <s>Præclare Vir <lb/>gilius. </s> <s>Secreta inquit erat patris anchi&longs;æ domus: arbori/ <lb/>bu&longs;que obtecta rece&longs;&longs;erat. </s> <s>Intellexit quidem <expan abbr="primatũ">primatum</expan> ædes <lb/>et &longs;ua et familiæ gratia a uulgi ignobilitate et fabrorum tu <lb/>multu <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> abe&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõuenire">conuenire</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cæteras ob res ob delitias <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>moditate&longs;que <expan abbr="&longs;patiorũ/hortorum/amenitatũ">&longs;patiorun/hortorum/amenitatum</expan>: tum ne tan/ <lb/>ta in familia/tam multiplici/tam uaria/la&longs;ciuiens iuuen/ <lb/>tu&longs; <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> omnium ferme nemo uiuat &longs;ibi et cibo: potuque alie <lb/>no plerunque in&longs;aniat: maritorum querimonias <expan abbr="excitet/tũ">excitet/tum</expan> <lb/>etiam nequid improba <expan abbr="&longs;alutãtium">&longs;alutantium</expan> ambitio plus &longs;atis patro <lb/>nos inquietet. </s> <s>Et prudenti&longs;&longs;imos uideo principes non mo <lb/>do extra uulgi frequentiam/uerum et ab urbe &longs;ece&longs;&longs;i&longs;&longs;e: ne <lb/>quis plebeius ni&longs;i magna impul&longs;us re mole&longs;tiore a&longs;&longs;iduira <lb/>te infe&longs;tet. </s> <s>Aut quid tanti erunt i&longs;torum opes: &longs;i non licue <lb/>rit interdum ociari et pigre&longs;cere. </s> <s>I&longs;torum quidem domus <lb/><expan abbr="quale&longs;cũque">quale&longs;cunque</expan> &longs;int habere admodum oportet &longs;alutatorum <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>ceptacula capacia: et egre&longs;&longs;um et uiam/qua prodeat <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="forũ">forum</expan> <lb/>minime angu&longs;tam: ne qui &longs;ectantur familiares clientuli et <lb/>cohortales/et qui &longs;e congerunt/ut togatulorum numerum <lb/>augeant/inter &longs;tudia comitandi pre&longs;&longs;uris turbentur. </s> <s>Quæ <lb/>autem &longs;int &longs;e&longs;e hi proceres pro &longs;u&longs;cepto munere <expan abbr="exerceãt">exerceant</expan>: <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="prõptu">promptu</expan> <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> &longs;enatus curia iudex ba&longs;ilica prætorio ue/dux ca/ <lb/>&longs;tris cla&longs;&longs;eque et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;mõi">eiu&longs;moni</expan>. </s> <s>Quid <expan abbr="põtifex">pontifex</expan>? </s> <s>huic <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> non <expan abbr="t&etilde;plũ">templum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;olũ/uerũ">&longs;olun/uerum</expan> et quæ illi <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <expan abbr="ca&longs;trorũ">ca&longs;trorum</expan> in&longs;tar apprime <expan abbr="cõueniũt">conueniunt</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> <expan abbr="militiã">militiam</expan> et <expan abbr="põtifex/et">pontifex/et</expan> qui &longs;ub <expan abbr="põtifice">pontifice</expan> &longs;acris admini <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;trãdis">&longs;trandis</expan> additi <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> et <expan abbr="laborio&longs;ã">laborio&longs;am</expan> <expan abbr="agũt">agunt</expan>: <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> eo libro q <lb/><expan abbr="põtifex">pontifex</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;eribi&ttilde;">in&longs;eribitur</expan> <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimus">recen&longs;uimus</expan>: uirtutis aduer&longs;us uitia. </s> <s><expan abbr="T&etilde;plũ">Templum</expan> <pb/>aliud <expan abbr="maximũ">maximum</expan>: quo <expan abbr="&longs;ũmus">&longs;ummus</expan> <expan abbr="ãti&longs;tes">anti&longs;tes</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ol&etilde;ni">&longs;olenni</expan> ritu &longs;tatas cerimo <lb/>nias et &longs;acium faciat. </s> <s>Aliud cui minores <expan abbr="põtifices">pontifices</expan> præ&longs;int: <lb/>quo <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> numero p <expan abbr="urb&etilde;">urbem</expan> <expan abbr="regiões">regiones</expan> &longs;acella/ et <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> agro delubra <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="Templũ">Templum</expan> ma <expan abbr="imũ">imum</expan> media in urbe &longs;orta&longs;&longs;is comodius: &longs;edu/ <lb/>ctum <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> a conferta ciuium multitudine et <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;tia">frequentia</expan> hone <lb/>&longs;tius: colle dignius: plano &longs;tabilius collocabitur ob terre <lb/>motus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> eo ponendum erit loco <expan abbr="templũ">templum</expan>: quo &longs;it <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> <lb/>futurum <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ueneratione et maie&longs;tate. </s> <s>Inde adeo <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> longe a <lb/>con&longs;pectu <expan abbr="abig&etilde;dæ">abigendæ</expan> &longs;unt penitus rerum <expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> &longs;erdes/impurita <lb/><expan abbr="tes/ĩdec&etilde;tia">tes/indecentia</expan> que: quibus patres/ matronæ/uirgines &longs;upplica <lb/><expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> accedentes aut <expan abbr="offendãtur">offendantur</expan>: aut a &longs;anctimoniæ <expan abbr="obeũdæ">obeundæ</expan> in <lb/>&longs;tituto preuertantur. </s> <s>Apud <expan abbr="Nigrigeneũ">Nigrigeneum</expan> <expan abbr="architectũ">architectum</expan> q de li <lb/>mitibus &longs;crip&longs;it/&longs;ic <expan abbr="ĩuenio">inuenio</expan>: pri&longs;cos architectos puta&longs;&longs;e deo <lb/>rum tecta recte haberi quæ <expan abbr="frõtibus">frontibus</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> occidentem <expan abbr="uerger&etilde;t">uergerent</expan>: <lb/>&longs;ed placui&longs;&longs;e po&longs;terioribus <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">oemm</expan> <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> <expan abbr="religion&etilde;">religionem</expan> <expan abbr="cõuertere">conuertere</expan>: et <lb/>qua coeli pte <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> terra <expan abbr="illumine&ttilde;">illuminetur</expan>: eo uer&longs;us templa et li <lb/>mites <expan abbr="obiici&etilde;dos">obiiciendos</expan> puta&longs;&longs;e: ut &longs;tatim <expan abbr="&longs;urgent&etilde;">&longs;urgentem</expan> ex aurora <expan abbr="&longs;ol&etilde;">&longs;olem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõ&longs;picar&etilde;&ttilde;">con&longs;picarentur</expan>. </s> <s>Illud <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> in delubris &longs;acelli&longs;que ueteres proba&longs;/ <lb/>&longs;e uideo: ut eorum <expan abbr="frõtes">frontes</expan> <expan abbr="prodeũtibus">prodeuntibus</expan> aut ex mari/aut ex flu <lb/>uio/aut ex uia militari <expan abbr="porrigan&ttilde;">porrigantur</expan>. </s> <s>Po&longs;tremo tale <expan abbr="ip&longs;ũ">ip&longs;um</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>oportet: atque ita <expan abbr="omĩ">omim</expan> ex pte <expan abbr="cõparatũ">comparatum</expan>: ut <expan abbr="ab&longs;&etilde;tes">ab&longs;entes</expan> ad &longs;e <expan abbr="ui&longs;&etilde;">ui&longs;em</expan> <lb/>dum illectet/præ&longs;entes delectet/atque detineat operis admi <lb/>ratione et raritate. </s> <s><expan abbr="Te&longs;tudinatũ">Te&longs;tudinatum</expan> ab incendio erit tutius: <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tignatum ab terremotibns ille&longs;ius. </s> <s>&longs;ed contra <expan abbr="uetu&longs;tat&etilde;">uetu&longs;tatem</expan> hoc <lb/>iobu&longs;tius: ad <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan> <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> hoc uenu&longs;tius. </s> <s>De <expan abbr="t&etilde;plis">templis</expan> hacte/ <lb/>nus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> pmulta quæ <expan abbr="dic&etilde;da">dicenda</expan> <expan abbr="uidebãtur">uidebantur</expan> ad <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;ta">ornamenta</expan> magis <lb/>q ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="templorũ">templorum</expan> <expan abbr="ptin&etilde;t">ptinent</expan>: de quibus alibi <expan abbr="trã&longs;igemus">tran&longs;igemus</expan>. </s> <s>Mi <lb/>nora <expan abbr="t&etilde;pla">templa</expan> et &longs;acella pro loci dignitate et u&longs;u maximi <expan abbr="t&etilde;pli">templi</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="rõnes">ronnes</expan> <expan abbr="imitabun&ttilde;">imitabuntur</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Põtificis">Pontificis</expan> ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> clau&longs;tra qbus aut <lb/>pietatis aut uirtutis gratia plurimi conuenere: quales &longs;unt <lb/>q &longs;e &longs;acris addixere: et q <expan abbr="uirginitat&etilde;">uirginitatem</expan> &longs;upis uouere. </s> <s>Sunt et <lb/>ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="põtificia">pontificia</expan>: quibus &longs;tudio&longs;orum ingenia <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> rerum <expan abbr="humanarũ">humanarum</expan> <lb/>diuinarum que cognitione <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;equ&etilde;da">a&longs;&longs;equenda</expan> <expan abbr="uer&longs;ãtur">uer&longs;antur</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> &longs;i pontificis <lb/><expan abbr="officiũ">officium</expan> e&longs;t cetus <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> ad <expan abbr="uitã">uitam</expan> <expan abbr="oĩ">oim</expan> ex pte <expan abbr="pfectã">pfectam</expan>: quoad in <pb/>&longs;e &longs;it perducere. </s> <s>Id <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> re alia fiet pulchrius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> philo&longs;ophia. <lb/></s> <s>Quom enim <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> hominum natura duo &longs;int/quæ nobis id præ <lb/>&longs;tare po&longs;&longs;int: uirtus. </s> <s>&longs;. </s> <s>et ueritas: <expan abbr="Quãdo">Quando</expan> fiet <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ut hæc <lb/>perturbationes animi &longs;edet atque excludat. </s> <s>Illa uero naturæ <lb/>opus atque rationes explicet: nobi&longs;que communicet: ex qbus <lb/>rebus ingenium ab ignorantia: mens a corporis contagione <lb/>purgetur. </s> <s>Per hanc nimirum inimus uitam <expan abbr="beati&longs;&longs;imã">beati&longs;&longs;imam</expan> pro <lb/>pe ut &longs;imus diis redditi p&longs;imiles. </s> <s>Adde quod bonorum e&longs;t <lb/>quales et e&longs;&longs;e et haberi pontifices uolunt/ea meditari: &longs;tu/ <lb/>dere: pro&longs;equi quæ hominum generi ab homine deberi intel <lb/>ligant: egrotos/imbelles/de&longs;titutos: et eiu&longs;modi officio/ <lb/>beneficio/mi&longs;ericordia/leuando: iuuando. </s> <s>In his enim &longs;e&longs;e <lb/>&longs;uo&longs;que exerceat pontifex officii e&longs;t. </s> <s>De his nobis &longs;eu ad ma <lb/><gap/>ores pontifices &longs;eu potius ad minores pertineat dicendum <lb/>uidetur. </s> <s>Atqui a clau&longs;tris <expan abbr="ĩcipiemus">incipiemus</expan>. </s> <s>Clau&longs;trorum genera <lb/>alia conclu&longs;orum/ ita ut nu&longs;quam <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="publicũ">publicum</expan> prodeant/præ <lb/><expan abbr="ter&qtilde;">terquae</expan> forta&longs;&longs;is in templo/et lu&longs;trationum pompa. </s> <s>Alia non <lb/>u&longs;que conclu&longs;a/ita ut perpetuis <expan abbr="t&etilde;poribus">temporibus</expan> arceantur. </s> <s>Horum<lb/>item alio mares/alio feminæ continentur. </s> <s>Virginum clau <lb/>&longs;tra neque intra urbem &longs;i po&longs;ita &longs;int uitupero: neque omnino <lb/>extra urbem laudo. </s> <s>Illic &longs;ane &longs;olitudo minus præbebit <expan abbr="ĩfe">infe</expan> <lb/>&longs;tatorum: &longs;ed qui &longs;e inge&longs;&longs;erint/plus habebunt ocii et <expan abbr="lic&etilde;">licem</expan> <lb/>tiæ ad facinus/ubi nulli a&longs;&longs;i&longs;taret arbitri <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> hic <expan abbr="ĩter">inter</expan> multos <lb/>&longs;celeris &longs;pectatores atque dehortatores. </s> <s>In utri&longs;que <expan abbr="prouid&etilde;dũ">prouidendum</expan> <lb/>quidem e&longs;t: ne uelint de ca&longs;titate mereri male: &longs;ed <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis <lb/>ne po&longs;&longs;int. </s> <s>Qua de re ita præcludendi aditus omnes <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>: ut <lb/>nemini pateant: ob&longs;eruandi/ut <expan abbr="circũuolitare">circunuolitare</expan> <expan abbr="att&etilde;tator">attentator</expan> po&longs; <lb/>&longs;it nemo &longs;ine præ&longs;entis ignominiæ &longs;u&longs;pitione. </s> <s>Neque tam <lb/>munita e&longs;&longs;e legionum ca&longs;tra uallo fo&longs;&longs;aque oportet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tarum<lb/>&longs;epta &longs;unt muris obuallanda/altis/integris/nullis u&longs;piam <lb/>aptionibus relictis: qbus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> dico ca&longs;timon<gap/>æ expugnatore&longs; <lb/>&longs;ed ne oculorum aut uerborum <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> faces et ueneres ad <expan abbr="aĩos">ainos</expan> la <lb/><expan abbr="befactãdos">befactandos</expan> po&longs;&longs;int <expan abbr="ĩmitti">immitti</expan>. </s> <s>Lumina intror&longs;us p <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> &longs;ubdiua <lb/><expan abbr="l&etilde;">lem</expan> <expan abbr="excipi&etilde;t">excipient</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Circũ">Circum</expan> <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> <expan abbr="porticus/ãbulatio">porticus/ambulatio</expan> <expan abbr="cellæ/cenaculũ/">cellæ/cenaculun/</expan> <pb/>conclaue/et quæ u&longs;ui <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> ex priuatorum ædium rationibu&longs; <lb/>aptis locis di&longs;ponentur. </s> <s>Neque dee&longs;&longs;e uelim ortuli &longs;patia/ <lb/>et pratuli: que ad recreandos animos magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad fouendas <lb/>uoluptates ualeant: quæ quom ita &longs;int/ <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="incõ&longs;ulte">incon&longs;ulte</expan> ex me <lb/>dia incolarum frequentia &longs;um mouebuntur. </s> <s>Vtrorum &longs;ep/ <lb/>ta &longs;i ex urbe conce&longs;&longs;erint conferet id quidem. </s> <s>Nam eorum <lb/>ad&longs;eripta &longs;anctimoniæ a&longs;&longs;iduitas /et animi pacata religio: <lb/>cui &longs;e&longs;e totos dedicarunt/minus uexabitur &longs;alutatorum fre <lb/><expan abbr="qu&etilde;tia">quentia</expan>. </s> <s>Sed i&longs;torum tecta &longs;eu mares &longs;eu feminæ &longs;int uelim <lb/>occupent loca <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri po&longs;&longs;it &longs;aluberrima/nec clau&longs;tro in <lb/>clu&longs;i/dum &longs;olum uacant animo: corpore autem multa ma <lb/>credine/et uigiliis affecti <expan abbr="torp&etilde;t">torpent</expan>: <expan abbr="uitã">uitam</expan> durius trahant egro <lb/>tationibus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;it par. </s> <s>His <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> quos urbs exclu&longs;it <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis <lb/>locum dari uelim natura munitum: quem repentina latro/ <lb/>num uis/aut excurrens ho&longs;tis leui manu ad arbitrium ne/ <lb/>queat populari: eaque de re uallo/muro/turrique pulchre <lb/>munietur: quod loci religio patietur. </s> <s>Eorum uero conclu <lb/>&longs;orum &longs;edes qui &longs;tudia bonarum artium cum religione <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="iunxerĩt/quo">iunxerint/quo</expan> illi quidem pro &longs;u&longs;cepto officio commodius <lb/>queant hominum rebus con&longs;ulere/ non omnino medios in <lb/>ter artificum tumultus ac &longs;trepitum/ &longs;ed'ne <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ab ciuium <lb/>frequentia &longs;eductos longe e&longs;&longs;e oportet: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cum alias <lb/>ob res tum quod &longs;unt eorum farniliæ grandes: tum etiam quod mul <lb/>ti ad &longs;e concionantes di&longs;&longs;erente&longs;que de rebus &longs;acris conflu <lb/>ant: Quibus rebus proculdubio tecto indigent immodico. <lb/></s> <s>Recte <expan abbr="locabũtur">locabuntur</expan> apud diuer&longs;oria publicorum operum thea <lb/>tri/circi/ plateæ/ quo multitudo &longs;ponte &longs;ua &longs;e&longs;e animi g<gap/>a <lb/>tia perlubenter <expan abbr="cõferens">conferens</expan> facilius patiatur i&longs;torum per&longs;ua&longs;io <lb/>ne/hortatione/admonitione a uitiis ad uirtutem: ab impe <lb/>ritia ad rerum optimarum cognitionem euocari. </s> <s>Apud <lb/>ueteres pre&longs;ertim græcos a&longs;&longs;ueuere urbe in media ponere <lb/>ædificia: quas pale&longs;tras appellarunt: ubi populantes di&longs;pu <lb/>tando uer&longs;arentur. </s> <s>Illic quidem inerant &longs;patia fene&longs;trata et <lb/>apertionum pro&longs;pectus: et <expan abbr="&longs;ed&etilde;di">&longs;edendi</expan> ordines: amorem et hone <pb/>&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi aderant et porticus: <expan abbr="uirent&etilde;">uirentem</expan> hærbis <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> et floribus <lb/>ue&longs;titarn circuente&longs; huiu&longs;mo li opera <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> belle condicunt <lb/>huic religio&longs;orum generi: ac uelim quidem ut qui &longs;tudiis <lb/>bonis delectentur a&longs;&longs;idui apud artium profe&longs;&longs;ores commo <lb/>rentur/&longs;umma uoluptate/nullo cum fa&longs;tidio <expan abbr="præ&longs;&etilde;tium">præ&longs;entium</expan> re <lb/>rum aut &longs;atictate ea de re. </s> <s>ita i&longs;tic parabo et <expan abbr="porticũ">porticum</expan> et <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> <lb/>et ciu&longs;modi: ut nihil amplius ad diuer&longs;andi <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> optes. </s> <s>Le <lb/>nes excipient &longs;oles hieme: a &longs;tate uero umbram auram que <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri queat grati&longs;&longs;imam. </s> <s>Sed de his ædificationum de <lb/>litiis &longs;uo di&longs;tinctius loco pro&longs;equemur. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i iuuat pu <lb/>blica &longs;tatuere auditoria et &longs;cholas/ubi &longs;apientes doctore&longs;que<lb/>conuenias: ea ponito loco/ut &longs;int incolis <expan abbr="oĩbus">oimbus</expan> æque opor/ <lb/>tuna. </s> <s>Ce&longs;&longs;ent fabrorum &longs;trepitus: ab&longs;int nidores: fetores: <lb/>non admittat ocio&longs;orum la&longs;ciuias: &longs;apiat &longs;olitudinem g<gap/>a <lb/>uibus et circa res maximas et rari&longs;&longs;imas occupat is condi/ <lb/>gnam: habeatque auctoritatis in &longs;e magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uenu&longs;tatis. </s> <s>Cæ <lb/>terum quo pi<gap/>atem aduer&longs;us imbecilles et de&longs;titutos exer <lb/>ceat poatifex: locus erit et uarius et &longs;umma diligentia con <lb/>&longs;tituen lus. </s> <s>Nam alibi de&longs;titutos/alibi <expan abbr="egrotãtes">egrotantes</expan> &longs;u&longs;cipias <lb/>et foueas nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: tum et inter egrotantes &longs;unt/quos ea <lb/>ui&longs;&longs;e oportet: ne dum paucis et inutilibus pro&longs;picias: plu/ <lb/>ribus et utilibus <expan abbr="periculũ">periculum</expan> afferas. </s> <s>Fuere in italia principe&longs; <lb/>qui &longs;uis <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> urbibus uetuerint genus illud hominum ue&longs;te ae <lb/>membris laceros/quos errones appellant/ precabundos ho <lb/>&longs;tiatim petere. </s> <s>Illico enim ubi appulerant/monebantur ne <lb/>quid plus triduo &longs;e&longs;e in urbe uideri &longs;inerent inertes: <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e tam comminutum quin aliqua <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> re hominum cetui &longs;ua <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it opera prode&longs;&longs;e: q<gap/> cecifunariis <expan abbr="&longs;alt&etilde;">&longs;altem</expan> <expan abbr="iuuãdis">iuuandis</expan> <expan abbr="pro&longs;ũt">pro&longs;unt</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Quos uero grauior aliquis morbus <expan abbr="oĩo">oino</expan> oppre&longs;&longs;erat: hos <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>uenarum <expan abbr="ho&longs;pitũ">ho&longs;pitum</expan> magi&longs;tratus apud minores <expan abbr="põtifices">pontifices</expan> legioni <lb/>bus <expan abbr="di&longs;tribuebãt">di&longs;tribuebant</expan>. </s> <s>Itaque illi neque pii&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="cõuicinorum">conuicinorum</expan> opem <lb/>fru&longs;tra <expan abbr="po&longs;cebãt">po&longs;cebant</expan>: nec ciuitas ea fedi&longs;&longs;imorum ob&longs;cenitate <expan abbr="off&etilde;">offem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="deba&ttilde;">debatur</expan>. </s> <s>Apud <expan abbr="etrichiã">etrichiam</expan> pro uetere illo &longs;anctitatis et ueri&longs;&longs;ime <lb/>religionis cultu quo &longs;emp claruit mirifica <expan abbr="ui&longs;ũ&ttilde;">ui&longs;untur</expan> ho&longs;pitaria <pb/>incredibili habita impen&longs;a: ubi ciuium peregrinorum ue <lb/>quiuis nullam que ad &longs;alutem pertineat rem/ &longs;ibi <expan abbr="defuturã">defuturam</expan> <lb/>&longs;entiat. </s> <s>Sed quom &longs;int egroti alii morbidi: qui lepra pe&longs;te <lb/>et huiu&longs;modi contagionum <gap/>nenis beneualentes <expan abbr="inficiãt">inficiant</expan>: <lb/>alii uero ut ita loquar &longs;anabiles &longs;int/ di&longs;tincta hos habere <lb/>uelim diuer&longs;oria. </s> <s>Veteres Ae&longs;culapio Apollini/ &longs;alutique<lb/>diis: quorum artibus et minime genus hominum <expan abbr="bonã">bonam</expan> ua/ <lb/><expan abbr="litudin&etilde;">litudinem</expan> recuperare atque &longs;eruari arbitrabantur ædes loco <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>ni&longs;i &longs;aluberrimo a&longs;truebant: ubi &longs;inceræ auræ et purgati&longs;&longs;i <lb/>mæ aquæ &longs;uppeditarent: quo illic delati egretantes <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ope <lb/>deum tantum/uerum etiam locorum heneficio prompt<gap/>s <lb/>conuale&longs;cerent. </s> <s>Et nimirum &longs;aluberrima <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis loca e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>optabimus: ubi aut publice aut priuatim egrotos habeas: <lb/>Siccea forta&longs;&longs;is eam ad rem atque &longs;axo&longs;a et uentis a&longs;&longs;iduo <lb/>ab&longs;ter&longs;a: et &longs;olibus non u&longs;ta: &longs;ed facili <expan abbr="t&etilde;pore">tempore</expan> illu&longs;trara pro <lb/>labuntur: quando humida putredinum fomenta &longs;unt. </s> <s>Sed <lb/>palam e&longs;t naturam in re omni gaudere <expan abbr="temperam&etilde;to">temperamento</expan>: quin <lb/>et &longs;anitas ip&longs;a haud aliud e&longs;t <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> complexi ex quibus <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;tet">cen&longs;tet</expan> <lb/>temperamentum: et mediocria &longs;emper delectant. </s> <s>In cæte/ <lb/>ris contagio&longs;i non urbe modo/uerumetiam ab uia publica <lb/>longe <expan abbr="exclud&etilde;tur">excludentur</expan>: reliqui urbe <expan abbr="a&longs;&longs;eruabũtur">a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur</expan>: i&longs;torum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb/>tecta partiantur et di&longs;tribuantur &longs;ic/ut alibi &longs;e recipiant q <lb/>curantur: alibi quos incurandos magis &longs;u&longs;ceperis: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;eruan <lb/>des: quoad &longs;ic &longs;e&longs;e &longs;ua tulerint fata: uti <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> decrepiti et cap <lb/>ti mente. </s> <s>Adde quod alibi feminas/alibi mares/&longs;iue egrotent <lb/>&longs;iue i&longs;tos curent/&longs;eparatim habendi <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan>. </s> <s>Adde etiam quod ue <lb/>luti in famulis &longs;ic et in his: aliorum alias &longs;ecretiores/alias <lb/>communiores e&longs;&longs;e diuer&longs;orii partes conuenit: prout ip&longs;a cu <lb/>randi et cobabitandi ratio modu&longs;que mon&longs;trabit: de quibus <lb/>no&longs;trum non e&longs;t prolixius pro&longs;equi. </s> <s>Tantum hoc faciat ad <lb/>rem fore i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia &longs;uis totis partibus ex <expan abbr="priuatorũ">priuatorum</expan> <lb/>u&longs;ibus diffinienda. </s> <s>De his hactenus. </s> <s>Nunc quod reliquum <lb/>e&longs;t pro&longs;equamur ordine uti <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;titueramus">in&longs;titueramus</expan>. </s> <s>Nam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ptes. </s> <s>r. </s> <s>p. </s> <s>duas diximus: <expan abbr="alterã">alteram</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;acrã">&longs;acram</expan>: <expan abbr="alterã">alteram</expan> <expan abbr="prophanã">prophanam</expan>. </s> <s>Sacra <pb/>ab&longs;oluta e&longs;t tum et prophana aliqua ex parte ptacta: ubi de <lb/>&longs;enatu et iudicio in ædibus principis <expan abbr="hab&etilde;do">habendo</expan> di&longs;&longs;eruimus: <lb/>illis quæ <expan abbr="add&etilde;da">addenda</expan> &longs;unt hic breui&longs;&longs;ime annumerabimus: mox <lb/>ad imperatoria ca&longs;tra et cla&longs;&longs;em deueniemus: po&longs;tremo pri <lb/>uata expedientur. </s> <s>Senatum ueteres templis cogere a&longs;&longs;ueue <lb/>re. </s> <s>Po&longs;tea increbuit mos ut extra urbem haberetur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Demũ">Demum</expan> <lb/>quod ad maie&longs;tatem atque ad res agendas præ&longs;tabat/propria <lb/>huic habere muneri tecta uoluere. </s> <s>Quibus fe&longs;&longs;i ætate pa/ <lb/>tres/neque uitæ prolixitate deterrerentur: neque loci <expan abbr="incõ">incom</expan> <lb/>moditate prohiberentur: quominus et conuenirent frequen <lb/>tes: et una diutius ade&longs;&longs;ent: media iccirco in urbe <expan abbr="curiã">curiam</expan> &longs;e <lb/>natoriam locauere: eique iudiciariam/ et templum proxime <lb/>adiungendum putarunt: non ea re tantum ut ambitionibus <lb/>detenti/et cau&longs;is foren&longs;ibus occupati commodiu&longs; non inter <lb/>mi&longs;&longs;o aut &longs;tudio aut officio utri&longs;que &longs;ati&longs;&longs;acerent: uerum <lb/>etiam ut patres ip&longs;i uti &longs;unt ferme omnes natu maiore&longs; ad/ <lb/>modumreligioni dediti/&longs;alutatis diis non intermi&longs;&longs;a ope/ <lb/>ra a templo ad negocium &longs;e po&longs;&longs;int tran&longs;&longs;erre oportune. <lb/></s> <s>Adde quod &longs;i <expan abbr="quãdo">quando</expan> aut legatos aut principes exterarum gen <lb/>tium &longs;ibi dari copiam &longs;enatus petierint ex. </s> <s>r. </s> <s>p. </s> <s>e&longs;t <expan abbr="locũ">locum</expan> ha <lb/>bere ubi <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> dignitate et ho&longs;pitis et urbis <expan abbr="præ&longs;tolant&etilde;">præ&longs;tolantem</expan> excipi <lb/>as. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cæterũ">Cæterum</expan> hu&longs;u&longs;cemodi publicis diuer&longs;oriis nihil quod ad <lb/>ciuium multitudinem commode excipiendam: hone&longs;te de/ <lb/>tinendam: oportuneque <expan abbr="emittendã">emittendam</expan> faciat/ulla ex parte negli <lb/>gendam e&longs;t: et pre&longs;ertim curandum/ut itinerum et luminum <lb/>et &longs;patiorum et eiu&longs;modi: quæ u&longs;ui uentura &longs;int/ne ullæ pe <lb/>nitus commoditates de&longs;int. </s> <s>Ac prætorio quidem: quo loci <lb/>plurimi <expan abbr="altercan&ttilde;/apertiones">altercantur/apertiones</expan> et plures et <expan abbr="ãpliores">ampliores</expan> et prom <lb/>ptiores adigendæ <expan abbr="&longs;unt/&qtilde;">&longs;unt/quae</expan> aut templo aut curiæ. </s> <s>Tum in &longs;e <lb/>natum aditus quidem munitus nequicquam minus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> hone <lb/>&longs;tius &longs;it/nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>Id quidem cum cæteras ob res: tum ne <lb/>temerarius bachantium tumultus in&longs;ana ex plebe &longs;editio&longs;o <lb/>aliquo auctore concitatus in patrum pernitiem ad <expan abbr="arbitriũ">arbitrium</expan> <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it <expan abbr="irrũpere">irrumpere</expan>: quin uel ea maxime re porticus ambulatio <pb/>et eiu&longs;modi adicienda &longs;unt: ubi &longs;eruitia <expan abbr="cli&etilde;telæ">clientelæ</expan> familiæ que<lb/>&longs;uos præ&longs;tolantes <expan abbr="ĩpræmeditatis">impræmeditatis</expan> ca&longs;ibus &longs;it præ&longs;idio. </s> <s>Illud <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> prætermitto. </s> <s>Locis quidem omnibus quibus uox aut re <lb/>citantium aut canentium aut di&longs;putantium audienda e&longs;t: <lb/>te&longs;tudinata haud u&longs;que conueniunt quod uocem retundant: <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tignata <expan abbr="conueniũt">conueniunt</expan> quod &longs;onora &longs;int.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Ca&longs;tris ponendis nimirum omnia repetenda pen&longs;andaque &longs;unt <lb/>quæ libris &longs;upioribus de urbium <expan abbr="pon&etilde;darum">ponendarum</expan> rationibus di&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ruimus. </s> <s>Nam &longs;unt ca&longs;tra ueluti urbium <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> &longs;eminaria: <lb/>et con&longs;titutas urbes <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pauci&longs;&longs;imas comperies illic/ubi pe <lb/>riti bellorum duces metarint. </s> <s>In ca&longs;tris tamen præcipua hæc <lb/>&longs;unt: ut intelligamus ca&longs;tra ip&longs;a quid &longs;pectent. </s> <s>Ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <lb/>ni repentinos armorum ca&longs;us et marorem ho&longs;tium uim ue/ <lb/>rerentur non ponerent. </s> <s>Et penitus abre id opus e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="arbitr&etilde;">arbitrem</expan> <lb/>tur: ho&longs;tium iccirco ratio habenda e&longs;t. </s> <s>Ho&longs;tium alius ar/ <lb/>mis et manu e&longs;t par: alius concitatior et ualidior. </s> <s>Ca&longs;trorum<lb/>hinc tria e&longs;&longs;e genera &longs;tatuemus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Vnũ">Vnum</expan> temporarium et mo <lb/>mentis mutabile: quo inter agendam expediendamque rem <lb/>aduer&longs;us compares armatos utimur/ partim continendi in <lb/>tuto militis: ptim coaptandæ po&longs;tulandæque occa&longs;ionis cau <lb/>&longs;a ut cepta preclare perficias. </s> <s><expan abbr="Alterũ">Alterum</expan> genus ca&longs;trorum erit <lb/>&longs;tatarium: &longs;ui&longs;que diffidentem copiis ho&longs;tem: dum &longs;e muni <lb/>to aliquo <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> loco <expan abbr="cõtinuerit">continuerit</expan> premere et occupare in&longs;tituas: <lb/>Tertium forta&longs;&longs;is ca&longs;trorum genus illud erit: quo <expan abbr="impet&etilde;">impetem</expan> <lb/>tem urgentemque <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> &longs;u&longs;tineas/quoad lace&longs;&longs;endi &longs;atietate <lb/>aut ob&longs;idionis tedio affectus di&longs;cedat/atque abeat. </s> <s>In hi&longs;ce <lb/>omnibus egregie curandum in primis prouidendum e&longs;t: <lb/>&longs;ic &longs;e habeant omni ex parte/ut eis nihil de&longs;it rerum omnium <lb/>quæ ad &longs;alutem/ad &longs;e tuendum/ad <expan abbr="tolerandũ/frangendũqueho&longs;tem">tolerandun/frangendunque<lb/>ho&longs;tem</expan> accomodentur. </s> <s>Et contra ut ho&longs;ti nihil quoad in te <lb/>&longs;it re. </s> <s>momnium &longs;uppeditet: quibus aut te po&longs;&longs;it lace&longs;&longs;e/ <lb/>re: aut &longs;e&longs;e ferre &longs;ine incommodo atque periculo. </s> <s>Ergo cap/ <lb/><expan abbr="tãda">tanda</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis erit loci oportunitas: quo et inueniri <expan abbr="abũde">abunde</expan>: <lb/>et comportari expedite: et excipi ad arbitrium commeatus <pb/>&longs;ub&longs;idiaque po&longs;&longs;int. </s> <s>Aqua nequicquam deerit: pabulum: li <lb/>gna haud longe aberunt: ad tuos receptus liber: in ho&longs;tem <lb/>egre&longs;&longs;us expeditus. </s> <s>Ho&longs;ti contra omnia compedita/et dif <lb/>ficilia <expan abbr="relinquen&ttilde;">relinquentur</expan>. </s> <s>Extare uelim ca&longs;tra quoad pror&longs;us <expan abbr="o&etilde;m">oemm</expan> <lb/>ho&longs;tium regionem de&longs;pectes: nequid conetur aut inchoet <lb/>qui&longs;piam/ quod non illico pro&longs;pectum tibi et <expan abbr="cognitũ">cognitum</expan> &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Locum deuexa/deiecta/ardua/abrupta late <expan abbr="circũmunient">circummunient</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Nequid aut multa manu circumuenire: aut ulla ex parte &longs;e <lb/>inferre &longs;ine graui di&longs;erimine ho&longs;tis po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Nequid ubi tan <lb/>dem appulerit/po&longs;&longs;it aut tormenta libere immittere: aut &longs;i <lb/>ne magno &longs;uo malo per&longs;i&longs;tere. </s> <s>Hæc &longs;i <expan abbr="dabũtur">dabuntur</expan> locorum opor <lb/>tunitates u&longs;urpentur. </s> <s>Alioquin con&longs;idera&longs;&longs;e oportebit/ et <lb/>quæ tibi ca&longs;tra/et quibus locis pro exequenda expeditione <lb/>ponenda &longs;int. </s> <s>Nam et &longs;tataria ca&longs;tra munitiora multo e&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> temporaria oportet: et planis locis diffu&longs;iore artificio et <lb/>opere indigent maiore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> in collibus. </s> <s>Nos a temporariis in <lb/>cipiemus: quando i&longs;torum quidem u&longs;us frequentior e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s>Quin et ca&longs;tra per&longs;æpe muta&longs;&longs;e ualitudini militum confer <lb/>re arbitrantur. </s> <s>Sed ca&longs;tris <expan abbr="pon&etilde;dis">ponendis</expan> forta&longs;&longs;is illud ueniet in <lb/>mentem u<gap/>ambigamus/&longs;uis ne <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> finibus/ an alieno agro <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>modius <expan abbr="habeãtur">habeantur</expan>. </s> <s>Aiebat Zenophon mutatione ca&longs;trorum le <lb/>di ho&longs;tes: iuuari tuos proculdubio ad fortitudinis decus fa <lb/>ciet: aliena proculcare: ad commoditates et &longs;ecuritatem <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>feret &longs;uo &longs;e&longs;e in &longs;olo recepi&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Sed &longs;ic in&longs;tituamus ut pute/ <lb/>mus ca&longs;tra ad totam quæ &longs;ub&longs;it et pareat <expan abbr="region&etilde;">regionem</expan> e&longs;&longs;e quip <lb/>piam &longs;imile atque ad urbem arx: que et <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> &longs;uos contiguum re <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;um: et in externos perpromptum et paratum progre&longs; <lb/>&longs;um habeat nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>Cæterum obuallandorum ca&longs;trorum uaria <lb/>e&longs;t ratio. </s> <s>Britani &longs;udibus decempedalibus præu&longs;tis et præ <lb/>acutis &longs;e&longs;e circum&longs;æpiunt/altero capite intra &longs;olum infixo <lb/>et exculcato: altero extanti et producto: ut ho&longs;tem aduer/ <lb/>&longs;um &longs;pectent. </s> <s>Gallos refert Cæ&longs;ar pro uallo carros ho&longs;ti &longs;o <lb/>litos obiicere. </s> <s>I&longs;dem et traces aduer&longs;us Alexandrum u&longs;os <lb/>meminit. </s> <s>Neruii quo præ&longs;ertim <expan abbr="equit&etilde;">equitem</expan> impediant tencris <pb/>inci&longs;is arboribus atque mutuo inflexis/ crebri&longs;que inter &longs;e ra <lb/>mis reiunctis &longs;epem obducunt. </s> <s>Nearcum præfectum Ale <lb/>xandri p indicü mare nauigant quo e&longs;&longs;et a barbaris tutior <lb/>muro muniui&longs;&longs;e ca&longs;tra <expan abbr="memĩt">memint</expan> Arrianus. </s> <s>Romani erat mo <lb/>ris: ita ca&longs;ibus &longs;ingulis/et fortunæ/et temporis prouidi&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ut <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> &longs;ui penitendum foret/ac <expan abbr="milit&etilde;">militem</expan> quidem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> minus <lb/>ca&longs;tris muniendis: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> omni reliqua militia exercebant: neque<lb/>tanti ho&longs;tium pernitiem <expan abbr="faciebant/&qtilde;">faciebant/quae</expan> curabant ut &longs;uos egre <lb/>gie tucarentur: po&longs;&longs;eque <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> ferre/et ferendo fru&longs;trari: atque<lb/>refellere. </s> <s>id demum ad uictoriæ partem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> exiguam depu <lb/>tabant. </s> <s>Ea re quicquid a quoquam: aut referri: aut excogi <lb/>tari: po&longs;&longs;it omnia cornplecti/et exequi ad &longs;ua <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan>: <lb/>et &longs;alutem u&longs;urparunt: edita et circum abrupta &longs;i deerant/ <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;is profundi&longs;&longs;imis/et aggere accumulato/ precipitia imi <lb/>tabuntur: ualloque et cratibus concingebant.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Horum nos in&longs;tituta &longs;ic &longs;equemur: loco metabimur non &longs;o <lb/>lum <expan abbr="cõmodo/&longs;ed">commodo/&longs;ed</expan> quo pro agendis rebus pre&longs;entibus inue <lb/>niri nullus po&longs;&longs;it accomodatior: et preter ea que recen&longs;ui <lb/>mus. </s> <s>erit is quidem &longs;iccus minime luco&longs;us alluuionibus ne <lb/><expan abbr="quie&qtilde;">quiequae</expan> infen&longs;us/&longs;ed ita po&longs;itus: ut tuis nulla ex parte &longs;e ha <lb/>beat impeditum. </s> <s>ho&longs;ti autem nihil præ&longs;tet quod tutum &longs;it: <lb/>aquam neque morbo&longs;am in proximo neque &longs;alubrem longe ab <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e patietur. </s> <s>fontes intra ca&longs;tra puri&longs;&longs;imos excipiet/aut <gap/><lb/>uos: fluminaque pro ca&longs;tris obliciet. </s> <s>Id &longs;i minus licebit: cura <lb/>bit <expan abbr="ut&qtilde;">utquae</expan> contigua cuiu&longs;uis aquationis <expan abbr="cõmoditasque">commoditasque</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s>Tum <lb/>erunt ca&longs;tra pro mu&longs;titudine militum/non laxiora <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> ut <lb/>di&longs;tributis ex excubiarum te&longs;&longs;eris/ cu&longs;todiri/ et <expan abbr="ĩtermr&longs;&longs;is">intermr&longs;&longs;is</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="propugnãdi">propugnandi</expan> uici&longs;&longs;itudinibus: defendi p milites po&longs;&longs;it ab&longs;que<lb/>la&longs;&longs;itudine. </s> <s>Et <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> ne e. </s> <s>unt <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> cotracta adco et cohor <lb/>tata/ut ad negocium &longs;pacia militi non &longs;uppeditent. </s> <s>Angu <lb/>los ca&longs;tris inutiles putauit Lycurgus in <expan abbr="orb&etilde;que">orbenque</expan> ponebat/ ni <lb/>aut <expan abbr="mõt&etilde;/aut">monten/aut</expan> flume/aut moenia po&longs;t &longs;e hab. </s> <s>ret. </s> <s>Alus area <lb/>ca&longs;trorum placuit quandrangula. </s> <s>Sed po&longs;itiones <expan abbr="finitione&longs;queca&longs;trorum/accõmodabimus">finitione&longs;que<lb/>ca&longs;trorum/accommodabimus</expan> <expan abbr="cõditioni">conditioni</expan> temporum/ac locorum<pb/>naturæ/prout rerum agendarum/ho&longs;tiumque petendorum/ aut <lb/><expan abbr="fer&etilde;dorum">ferendorum</expan> ratio po&longs;tulabit: fo&longs;&longs;am ducemus tam amplam/ut <lb/>non ni&longs;i maxima ui aggeris. </s> <s>et multa ætate po&longs;&longs;int exæqua <lb/>ri: aut potius binæ fo&longs;&longs;æ &longs;pacio inttrmi&longs;&longs;o <expan abbr="pro&longs;cinden&ttilde;">pro&longs;cindentur</expan>: pu <lb/>tarunt ueteres i&longs;tiu&longs;modi quoque in rebus numerum pedum im <lb/>parem a religione pertinere et con&longs;ueuere latam ducere pe <lb/>des. </s> <s>xv. </s> <s>profundam. </s> <s>ix. </s> <s>directis <expan abbr="pro&longs;cinde&ttilde;">pro&longs;cindetur</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a lateribus <lb/>uti pateat uno fundo/quantum &longs;umma inter &longs;e <expan abbr="di&longs;t&etilde;t">di&longs;tent</expan> labra <lb/>ubi uero labile fiet &longs;olum/paulatim/angu&longs;tiore ad <expan abbr="infimũ">infimum</expan> <lb/>fa&longs;tigio <expan abbr="deprime&ttilde;">deprimetur</expan>. </s> <s>Campe&longs;tribus locis et demi&longs;&longs;is aqua ex <lb/>fluento/aut ex lacu/aut ex mari/deriuata et diducta <expan abbr="cõple">comple</expan> <lb/>buntur. </s> <s>id &longs;i non licebit &longs;udibus et <expan abbr="trũcis">truncis</expan> dolobratis et præ <lb/>acutis/ et <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> &longs;tintulis et municibus peralueum/infe&longs;&longs;is/ae <lb/>di&longs;&longs;eminatis exa&longs;perabitur. </s> <s>Fo&longs;&longs;is productis et comparatis <lb/>agger &longs;tatuetur/tam cra&longs;&longs;us ut mu&longs;culis proturbari/tam al <lb/>tus ut non modo falces ad <expan abbr="diripi&etilde;dum">diripiendum</expan> adigi: &longs;ed ne tela qui <lb/>dem ad militem <expan abbr="deterr&etilde;dum">deterrendum</expan> facile manu po&longs;&longs;int mitti: præ <lb/>&longs;entaneum e&longs;t/ut quæ fo&longs;&longs;is eximantur: in aggerem coacer <lb/>uentur. </s> <s>huic operi ueteres probarunt ex pratis re&longs;ectam tel <lb/>luris cutem: que herbarum radicibus <expan abbr="cõtineatur">contineatur</expan>. </s> <s>Alii inter <lb/>per&longs;a con&longs;tituunt/uimina uirentia &longs;alictarum/que germina <lb/>tu/et fibrarum complicatu agge&longs;tum opus confirment per <lb/>labra fo&longs;&longs;æ interiora perque extremum aggerem: configentur <lb/>&longs;pinæ/&longs;tili eritii/hami et generis eiu&longs;dem: quibus a&longs;cen&longs;us <lb/>ho&longs;tium retardetur. </s> <s>Aggerem &longs;upræmum rubu&longs;tei ualli in <lb/><expan abbr="coronã">coronam</expan> perfixi: et tran&longs;uer&longs;ariis connexi/obcingentur/ cra <lb/>te et pluteis congeminatis/et creta intermi&longs;&longs;a atque excul <lb/>cata locabuntur. </s> <s>Pinæ et cerui eminentis &longs;uper <expan abbr="exporgen&ttilde;">exporgentur</expan> <lb/>Denique omnia in opus conferuntur: quibus et minus &longs;ub <lb/>rui: pro&longs;cindique po&longs;&longs;it/et minus <expan abbr="trã&longs;">tran&longs;</expan><gap/>ndi: et &longs;it miles/ pro<lb/>pugnaculo tectior atque tutior. </s> <s>Turres in pedes centenos <lb/>marginibus excitabuntur: et præ&longs;ertim ip&longs;is <expan abbr="oppugnationũ">oppugnationum</expan> <lb/>locis crebriores/cel&longs;iore&longs;que <expan abbr="parabun&ttilde;/">parabuntur/</expan> ut etiam inreptum <lb/>in ca&longs;tra ho&longs;tem: po&longs;&longs;int deprimere pretorium/et <expan abbr="quintanã">quintanam</expan> <pb/>portam et <expan abbr="decumanã/et">decumanan/et</expan> ciu&longs;modi quæ &longs;uis' ca&longs;tren&longs;ium no <lb/>minibus appellantur/habebit locis tuti&longs;&longs;imis: et ad erupti <lb/>ones fundendas/ad commeatus conuehendos / ad militem <lb/>recuperandum expediti&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Atqui hæc quidem ut dixi <lb/>&longs;tatiuis ca&longs;tris magis debentur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> temporariis: &longs;ed <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> &longs;it of <lb/>ficii omnes uereri ca&longs;us quos aut &longs;ors/aut tempora ualeant <lb/>afferre/ip&longs;is etiam momentaneis ca&longs;tris: minime quoad ex <lb/>u&longs;u &longs;it: quæ diximus negligentur. </s> <s>quæ autem ad &longs;tataria <lb/>ca&longs;tra præ&longs;ertim ferendis ob&longs;idionibus po&longs;ita <expan abbr="pertineãt">pertineant</expan>. </s> <s>his <lb/>maxime &longs;imilia &longs;unt quæ de tyrannorum arce tran&longs;igemus <lb/>ob&longs;idionarium quoddam opus e&longs;t arx: quando eam <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>ciues eternis odiis pro&longs;equantur: et ob&longs;idionis <expan abbr="accerrimũ">accerrimum</expan> <lb/>genus e&longs;t/perpetuo aduigilare occa&longs;ionemque momentis a&longs; <lb/>&longs;iduis pre&longs;tolari/qua po&longs;&longs;is in ea diruenda <expan abbr="irritam&etilde;tis">irritamentis</expan> odii <lb/>&longs;ati&longs;facere: ea re uti diximus curandum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Vt &longs;it ea qui <lb/>dem <expan abbr="pot&etilde;s">potens</expan> ualida &longs;tabilis prompta ad &longs;e tuendum ad <expan abbr="ho&longs;t&etilde;">ho&longs;tem</expan> <lb/>fru&longs;trandum et propellendum: et contra omnes impetus/et <lb/>ob&longs;idionis peruicaciam tuta et ille&longs;a. </s> <s>Cæterum ca&longs;tris qui <lb/>bus conclu&longs;um ho&longs;tem premas atque infe&longs;tes: ne quicquam <lb/>i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia erunt indiligentius ob&longs;eruanda: et recte <lb/>quidem quod quidem aiunt: rem belli ita &longs;e haberi/ ut ob&longs;i <lb/>diones uici&longs;&longs;im et ip&longs;i multa ex parte <expan abbr="ob&longs;ideãtur">ob&longs;ideantur</expan>: quare <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>id &longs;olum curandum e&longs;t qui potiare <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <expan abbr="cau&etilde;dum">cauendum</expan> etiam ne op <lb/>primare uel ho&longs;tium audacia et &longs;olertia/ uel tuorum indili <lb/>gentia: ut potiare i&longs;ta <expan abbr="confer&etilde;t">conferent</expan> oppugnatio circumuallatio <lb/>ne opprimare itidem duo conferent/ repugnatio et præmu <lb/>nitio: oppugnationum conatus omnis eo tendet/ut in oppi <lb/>dum et munitiones irrumpas. </s> <s>non hic de &longs;calis quibus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/>repugnante ho&longs;te con&longs;cendas/ non de cuniculis/ non de am <lb/>bulatoriis turribus/non de tormentis/non de reliquo omni <lb/>ledendi genere quo igne aqua omnique naturæ copia utimur <lb/>non inquam e&longs;t hoc loco de his ut pro&longs;equar: alibi de his ca <lb/>&longs;tren&longs;ium machinamentis di&longs;tinctius pro&longs;equemur &longs;ed &longs;it <lb/>hoc ad rem/quod monent <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> mi&longs;&longs;ilium impetum trabes <pb/>tigna/pluteos/crates/rudentes/fa&longs;cicalos/&longs;accos/lana/al <lb/>ga/foenoue infertos obiicito: præ&longs;ertimque ponito/ ut <expan abbr="ext&etilde;t">extent</expan> <lb/>propendentes/et deundantes. </s> <s>contra ignes i&longs;ta hæc madifa <lb/>cito/maxime aceto/aut luto et crudo latere operito. </s> <s><expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> <lb/>aquas ne laterem proluant pelles &longs;uperextendito: rur&longs;us <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tra ictus/ne pelles perton&longs;entur et collacerentur centonas <lb/>infu&longs;as et madentes adiicito. </s> <s>Circumuallatio ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is moe <lb/>nibus pluribus de cau&longs;is propinqua &longs;tatuetur/non incon&longs;ul <lb/>te: nam breuiore ductu/minore militum labore/leuiore ma <lb/>teriæ copia atque impen&longs;a perfinietur: et peracta paucioribus <lb/>indigebit excubiis: &longs;ed ne ita <expan abbr="ĩtra">intra</expan> pomeria e&longs;t <expan abbr="ĩpĩgenda/">impingenda/</expan> ut <lb/>oppidani muralibus tormentis <expan abbr="milit&etilde;">militem</expan> in ca&longs;tris aut <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> opere <lb/><expan abbr="opprimãt">opprimant</expan>. </s> <s>quod &longs;i fit quidem circumuallatio: uti ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;is præ <lb/>&longs;idia: et commeatus aliunde petita abuetentur. </s> <s>certe modo <lb/>hoc ip&longs;um ex in&longs;tiruto a&longs;&longs;equare ubi uis interceperis aditus <lb/>atque interclu&longs;eris commodi&longs;&longs;ime habebitur &longs;iue pontes præ <lb/>ualaris &longs;iue alibi uada et uias trabe aut maceria per&longs;ep&longs;eris <lb/>fiue &longs;tagna/lacus/paludes/flumina collesue inter &longs;e opere <lb/>perducto uinxeris &longs;iue dederis operam ut aquarum uis re <lb/>cre&longs;cat deuexaque circumpleat. </s> <s>his addenda &longs;unt quæ ad re/ <lb/>pugnationis et <expan abbr="præmunitõis">præmunitonis</expan> u&longs;um ualeant. </s> <s><expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> fo&longs;&longs;am agge <lb/>rem turrimque et eiu&longs;modi/et contra oppidanos et <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> &longs;ub <lb/>&longs;idiarias prouincialium manus communi&longs;&longs;e oportet: ne <lb/>quid hi eruptione aut hi concur&longs;u et inua&longs;ione officiant ac <lb/>ponentur quidem præterea locis idoneis ca&longs;tella et &longs;peculæ <lb/>quibus militi et iumentis aquatio/lignatio/pabulatioque tu <lb/>tior liberior commodiorque &longs;it: &longs;ed ne ita di&longs;gregabuntur co <lb/>piæ in partes uarias ut non uno impio regi unis uiribus de <lb/>certare una <expan abbr="con&longs;piratiõe">con&longs;piratione</expan> alter alteri &longs;ub&longs;idio e&longs;&longs;e extemplo <lb/>po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Iuuat hic illud referre <expan abbr="dignũ">dignum</expan> memoratu ex Apiano <lb/>hi&longs;torico. </s> <s>nam apud Peru&longs;iam quidem Octauianus <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> Lu <lb/>cium ob&longs;ideret: fo&longs;&longs;am duxit &longs;tadia quinquaginta et &longs;ex pro<lb/>ten&longs;am u&longs;que ad tyberim latamque profundamque pedes. </s> <s>xxx. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="Adiũxit">Adiunxit</expan> præterea murum <expan abbr="excel&longs;ũ">excel&longs;um</expan> et ligneas turres <expan abbr="qn&qtilde;ginta">qnquaginta</expan> <pb/>&longs;apra mille <expan abbr="&longs;uperemin&etilde;tes">&longs;upereminentes</expan> pedes. </s> <s>lx. </s> <s>atque ita muniuit opus <lb/>ut ob&longs;e&longs;&longs;i non magis arcerentur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan>. </s> <s>etiam excluderentur ne <lb/>u&longs;piam exercitum po&longs;&longs;ent lædere. </s> <s>De terre&longs;tribus hactenus <lb/>ni forte illud de&longs;it quod digni&longs;&longs;imum &longs;pectati&longs;&longs;imumque lo <lb/>cum deligere oportet/ ubi <expan abbr="&longs;ũma">&longs;umma</expan> cum maie&longs;tate uexilla rei <lb/>publicæ collocentur et diuina fiant cum maxima ueneratio <lb/>ne et militares magi&longs;tratus ad tribunal et con&longs;ilium uocati <lb/>conueniant. </s> <s>Maritima ca&longs;tra cla&longs;&longs;ibus haberi forta&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> <lb/>qui negent/dicentque nauibus &longs;e uti qua&longs;i aquatico elephan/ <lb/>to quem &longs;uis frenis moderentur/ac portus magis ad ca&longs;tro <lb/>rum u&longs;um referri <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> nauium: alii contra nauim affirm abunt <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e haud aliud quippiam <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> arcem quandam <expan abbr="obambulant&etilde;">obambulantem</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>nos i&longs;ta pretermittamus atque &longs;ic &longs;tatuamus duo e&longs;&longs;e quibus <lb/>no&longs;tra hæc ratio et ars ædificatoria cla&longs;&longs;iariis ducibus et tur <lb/>mis &longs;alutem atque uictoriam pariat/ unum in nauibus ad or <lb/>nandis/alterum in portibus <expan abbr="muni&etilde;dis/&longs;iue">muniendis/&longs;iue</expan> ho&longs;tem petas/&longs;i <lb/>ue probibeas. </s> <s>Nauium primarius u&longs;us e&longs;t<gap/>ut te tuaque tran&longs;/ <lb/>uehant proximus ut bello &longs;ubmini&longs;trent opem &longs;ine periculo <lb/>pericula quidem aut ip&longs;a ex naui ueluti iuncta corpori et in <lb/>nata aderunt/aut <expan abbr="extrĩ&longs;ecus">extrin&longs;ecus</expan> importabuntur: extrin&longs;eca <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>uentorum <expan abbr="uis/undarũ">uis/undarum</expan> moles/&longs;copuli &longs;irti&longs;que incur&longs;us: quæ <lb/>quidem omnia u&longs;u rerum maritimarum et locorum uentorum<lb/>que cognitione et peritia &longs;atis mature uitabuntur: innata <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> <lb/>uitia facient aut liniamenta aut materia/his uitiis prouiden <lb/>dum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Materiam omnem reprobant quæ fi&longs;&longs;ilis fragilis &longs;i <lb/>dens putrico&longs;aque &longs;it clauos et ligulas eneas præferunt ferreis <lb/>ex naui traiani per hos dies dum quæ &longs;crip&longs;imus commenta <lb/>ret ex lacu nemoren&longs;i eruta: quo loci annos plus mille. </s> <s>ccc. <lb/></s> <s>demer&longs;a et de&longs;tituta iacuerat aduerti pinum materiam et cu <lb/>pre&longs;&longs;um egregie dura&longs;&longs;e in ea tabulis extrin&longs;ecus duplicem <lb/>&longs;uperexten&longs;am et pice atra perfu&longs;am/tela ex lino adglutina <lb/>rant &longs;upraque id chartam plumbeam clauiculis eneis coadfir <lb/>marant. </s> <s>Fabricandis nauibus liniamenta ueteres architecti <lb/>&longs;ump&longs;ere a pi&longs;cibus ut quod in illo dor&longs;um in hac fit carina <pb/>quod illi caput huic prora/tum et pro cauda temon/et pro <lb/>remis brancæ et aliculæ. </s> <s>Nauium duo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> genera/ onerariæ <lb/>et fugaces. </s> <s>nauis longitudo ad cur&longs;us præ&longs;ertim directos in <lb/>primis confert: breuitas ad temonis imperia faciet. </s> <s>Onera <lb/>riæ longitudo uelim ad latitudinem &longs;it/ne minus tripla fu <lb/>gacis ne plus nonupla. </s> <s>Alibi de nauium rationibus in eo li <lb/>bello qui nauis in&longs;eribitur profu&longs;ius pro&longs;ecuti &longs;umus/&longs;ed hic <lb/>quantam faciat ad ceptam rem. </s> <s>Nauium partes hæ &longs;unt ea <lb/>rina/pupis/prora/hinc atque hinc latera adde &longs;i uis <expan abbr="temon&etilde;">temonem</expan> <lb/>et uela/et quæ ad cur&longs;um pertineant. </s> <s>Vacuum nauis <expan abbr="quãtũ">quantum</expan> <lb/>&longs;it aquæ pondus qua po&longs;&longs;it ad iu&longs;tum impleri tantum in&longs;ti <lb/>tarum rerum <expan abbr="põderis">ponderis</expan> &longs;u&longs;tinebit. </s> <s>Carinam planam e&longs;&longs;e opor <lb/>tet: cætera omnia ad flexæ lineæ cubitum dolobrabuntur. <lb/></s> <s>Carina quo erit latior eo ponderum tollerantior/&longs;ed cur&longs;u <lb/>tardior: carina extenuata et reducta uelocior: &longs;ed ni plu/ <lb/>rimum indideris &longs;aburre uacillabit. </s> <s>Carina ampla uado&longs;is <lb/>apta gracilis alto mari &longs;ecurior. </s> <s>Latera et prora cel&longs;a et &longs;ub <lb/>lata aduer&longs;us <gap/>mpetentes fluctus peruicax &longs;ed uentis grauio <lb/>ribus peruincitur: prore ductus quo erit argutior/eo ad cur <lb/>&longs;um promptior et labilior. </s> <s>Pupis quo gratilior eo ceptis &longs;ul <lb/>cis tenendis <expan abbr="per&longs;euerãtior">per&longs;euerantior</expan> ad nauim umbones et pectora ua <lb/>lida et paulo promptiora e&longs;&longs;e oportet/quo uelorum remorum<lb/>ue appul&longs;u et impetu fluctus propellant: &longs;ubinde ad pupim <lb/>uer&longs;us gracile&longs;cat quo ueluti <expan abbr="&longs;põte">&longs;ponte</expan> &longs;ua lubrico diffugio euo <lb/>let <expan abbr="temonũ">temonum</expan> numerus naui auget firmitatem minuit uelocita <lb/>tem arbori atque naui equa dabitur longitudo. </s> <s>minuta <expan abbr="reli&qtilde;">reliquae</expan> <lb/>et quæ ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> nauis et quae ad <expan abbr="uĩ">uim</expan> belli <expan abbr="faciãt">faciant</expan> remos ancoras <lb/>rudentes ro&longs;tra turres pontes et eiu&longs;modi minutiora præte <lb/>reantur: illud faciat ad rem trabes et tigna &longs;pondis et lateri <lb/>bus pendentia et item porrecta. </s> <s>pro ro&longs;tris et contra impetus <lb/>contrarios pro munimento e&longs;&longs;e/ tum et arbores exeitate pro<lb/>turribus: antennæ et &longs;cafæ in antennas &longs;ublatæ pro pontibus <lb/>egregie ualebunt/ueteres in prora coruos no&longs;tri prora et pu <lb/>pi propter malum turres excitare/et centonas rudentes &longs;ac <pb/>cos et eiu&longs;modi prouallo et tecto obiicere: et funibus rhere <lb/>&longs;uperobducto tran&longs;cendentes ad &longs;e prohibere perpulerhe <lb/>didicerunt. </s> <s>Et nauim foros quo pacto crebris p&longs;urgentibus <lb/>&longs;timulis unico temporis momento interdimicandum po&longs;&longs;is <lb/>penitus refertos reddere: adeo ut non &longs;ine uulnere accepto <lb/>liceat ho&longs;ti pedem paulo dimouere. </s> <s>Et contra ubi ex u&longs;u &longs;it <lb/>altro minore <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> temporis expurgari omni i&longs;tiu&longs;modi <lb/>offen&longs;ione amota po&longs;&longs;it: excogitauimus atque adnotauimus <lb/>alibi. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t hic ut uelim i&longs;ta repetere. </s> <s>Admonui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <lb/>tum iuuent bona ingenia. </s> <s><expan abbr="Tũ">Tum</expan> et inueni qua po&longs;&longs;im arte uni <lb/>co leui malleoli ictu fori tabulata di&longs;&longs;oluere uniuer&longs;a: om <lb/>nemque multitudinem: que <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;derit">con&longs;cenderit</expan> deturbare: atque ilico <lb/>leui manu breui momento opus <expan abbr="integrũ">integrum</expan> u&longs;ui re&longs;titueie.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Quæ etiam excogitarim ad &longs;ubmergendas incendenda&longs;que<lb/>nanes <expan abbr="ho&longs;tiũ">ho&longs;tium</expan> ad perturbandam ad occidendam occi&longs;ione <lb/>mi&longs;erabili <expan abbr="turbã">turbam</expan> naualem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t ut <expan abbr="referã">referam</expan> De his forta&longs;&longs;is <lb/>alibi: Illud non pretereatur quod locis omnibus eadem na <lb/>uis longitudo: altitudo: amplitudo ue non debetur ponto <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>ter in&longs;uiarum amfractus ua&longs;tæ carinæ: qbus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i multa <lb/>hominum manu imperes: male habent uentis paulo acrius <lb/>&longs;euientibus. </s> <s>Contra ad gades profu&longs;o oceano pu&longs;illa flucti <lb/>bus ab&longs;orbetur. </s> <s>Rurius ad rem naualem &longs;pectat portus <lb/>tueri aut impedire. </s> <s>Id mole in profundum ducta: et aggere <lb/>et<gap/> catenis et rebus eiu&longs;modi obirectis: e quibus libro &longs;uperi <lb/>ore tran&longs;egimus: belli&longs;&longs;ime a&longs;&longs;equemur. </s> <s>Pali prefigentur: <lb/>La<gap/>dum impedimenta iacientur. </s> <s>Tum ex tabulis atque, ui <lb/>minibus forme et uacua grauibus completa de mergentur. <lb/></s> <s>Sin autem loci natura aut impen&longs;e magnitudo i&longs;ta fieri pro<lb/>hibuerit: puta &longs;i fluida limo&longs;itas aut nimium profunda alti <lb/>tudo ad&longs;it: &longs;ic facito. </s> <s>Dolus &longs;ub&longs;tratis ordine et iunctis trabes <lb/>et tigna directa atque <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="trã&longs;uer&longs;um">tran&longs;uer&longs;um</expan> alia ex alirs eollocata <lb/>et compacta coaptato ad&longs;icitoque ut ex rate <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ho&longs;tem emine <lb/>ant ro&longs;tra ardua præacuta et pali: quos ton&longs;illas <expan abbr="nũcupant">nuncupant</expan>: <lb/>ferrato cu&longs;pide nequid leuigata ho&longs;tium nauis plenis uelis <pb/>audeat opus impetere aut tran&longs;labi. </s> <s>Ratem ab ignirm in<gap/><lb/>ria contergito tellure: crates et pluteos pro uallo circun adi <lb/>gito: locis idoneis turres contabulato: &longs;requenti anchora <lb/>locis &longs;tabilibus: et qu&ecedil; ho&longs;tem lateant: <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> fluctus firmato <lb/>iuuabit opus ducere &longs;inuatum arcu <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> fluctus flexo quo rebu <lb/>&longs;tius et ualidius fluctum ferat: et anchora pre&longs;idicque extrin <lb/>&longs;eco minus impigeat. </s> <s>De his hactenus.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Nunc quandoquidem tantis rebus agendis commeatu atque<lb/>impen&longs;a indigeas: dicendum e&longs;t de magi&longs;tratibus qui i&longs; a <lb/>&longs;uppeditent: quo in numero quæ&longs;tor: publicani: decumani <lb/>et generis eiu&longs;dem. </s> <s>His <expan abbr="deb&etilde;tur">debentur</expan> h&ecedil;c horreum: ærarium: ar <lb/>mamentarium: emporium: naualia: equilia: Pauca &longs;unt qu&ecedil; <lb/>hied icenda uideantur: non tamen negligenda. </s> <s>Nam hor <lb/>reum quidem &ecedil;rarium: <expan abbr="armam&etilde;tarium">armamentarium</expan> &longs;atis con&longs;tat media <lb/>es celeberrima e&longs;&longs;e ponendum parte uibis: quo tutiora et <lb/>promptiora &longs;int. </s> <s>Naualia propter incendia a ciuium ca&longs;is <lb/>&longs;emouenda. </s> <s>Illud minime negligendum: quod integios ab &longs;o <lb/>lo <expan abbr="&longs;urg&etilde;tes">&longs;urgentes</expan>: et præter tecta &longs;e &longs;e extollentes toto &ecedil;di&longs;icio in <lb/>ter&longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e oportet parietes: qui populantes incendir flam <lb/>mas intercipiant: uetereque profu&longs;ius pertecta defluere. </s> <s>Em <lb/>poria ad mare: ad fluminum fauces: ad triuia militarium ul <lb/>arum &longs;taruentur: An naualia &longs;inus et aquarum conceptacu <lb/>la adiungentur: quo loci &longs;ubducenda: in&longs;tauranda: et mari <lb/>danda cla&longs;&longs;is recipiatur: I&longs;tic aqua ut a&longs;&longs;iduo agitetur mo <lb/>tu curandum e&longs;t: hau&longs;tro marce&longs;cunt merediano: æ&longs;tu fati <lb/>&longs;cunt nauigia: orientis radio &longs;eruantur. </s> <s>Tum horrea qu&ecedil; <lb/>uis &longs;eruandis rebus a&longs;truantur: con&longs;tant loci aeri&longs;que &longs;iccita <lb/>te <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis gaudere. </s> <s>Sed de his prolixius cum de rebus pri <lb/>uatorum dicemus: ad quorum rationes ea maxime pertine <lb/>ant preter &longs;alaria. </s> <s>Etenim &longs;alaria &longs;ic &longs;tatuito. </s> <s>Solum in&longs;ter <lb/>nito carbone ad cubitum atque <expan abbr="cõpen&longs;ato">compen&longs;ato</expan>. </s> <s>Inde &longs;uper in&longs;pra <lb/>gito &longs;abulum creta pura &longs;ubactum palmos tris et complana <lb/>to po&longs;tremo latere u&longs;que ad <expan abbr="nigredin&etilde;">nigredinem</expan> decoto pauimentato <pb/>Latera <expan abbr="parietũ">parietum</expan> intima ducito ubi lateris i&longs;tiu&longs;modi copia <lb/>non e&longs;t: lapide quadrato <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tofinio neque rediuiuo &longs;eruatu <lb/>ra intermedio et alioquin pr&ecedil;duro et opus a pariete intror <lb/>&longs;um ad cubiti <expan abbr="&longs;patiũ">&longs;patium</expan> reducito: atque tignis coadiunctis et <lb/>clauis æris: aut potius in paginibus obnexis &longs;eptum ftatui <lb/>to. </s> <s>Interuallum a materia ad <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> harundine <expan abbr="cõplecto">complecto</expan> <lb/>Maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodũ">immodum</expan> iuuabit materiam creta ex amurca com <lb/>macerata: et &longs;parto uincoque <expan abbr="cõfracto">confracto</expan> intermixto diluta&longs;&longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="Cæterũ">Cæterum</expan> publica i&longs;tiu&longs;modi quauis ab furum et ho&longs;tium et <lb/>&longs;editio&longs;orum ciuium in&longs;idus: proteruia impetuque pror&longs;us <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e murorum: et turrium: et pre&longs;idiis munita oportet.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>De publicorum operibus abunde uideor peregi&longs;&longs;e: ni illud <lb/>de&longs;it: quod quidem ad magi&longs;tratus ip&longs;os non in po&longs;tremis <lb/>pertinet: ut habeant quo loci eos <expan abbr="cõmittãt">committant</expan>: quos ob contu <lb/>maciam pfidiam improbitatemque puniendos iudicent: id <lb/><expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> non negligamus. </s> <s>Carceris genera apud ueteres tria <lb/>fui&longs;&longs;e inuenio. </s> <s>Vnum quo immode&longs;ti et parum exculti <lb/>compellantur: ut noctu a doctis et probati&longs;&longs;imis bonarum <lb/>artium profe&longs;&longs;oribus condocefiant: quæ ad bonos mores et <lb/>uit&ecedil; <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> pertineant. </s> <s>Alterum quo alieno &ecedil;re obnoxii: et <lb/>qui carceris tedio ab inita uit&ecedil; petulantia abterrendi &longs;unt <lb/>detineantur. </s> <s>Tertium quo immanes con&longs;celerati c&ecedil;lo: et <lb/><expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> c&ecedil;tu indigni: ac prope diem plectendi: ac tenebris <lb/>et pedori addicandi demandantur. </s> <s>Po&longs;tremo hoc genus <lb/>carceris &longs;i fuerit <expan abbr="qui&longs;piã">qui&longs;piam</expan> q &longs;ubterraneum <expan abbr="antrũ">antrum</expan> et horren <lb/>do &longs;epulchro &longs;imile <expan abbr="faciundũ">faciundum</expan> curarit: is quidem ad &longs;ontis <lb/><expan abbr="penã">penam</expan> nimirum &longs;pectabit magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> lex ip&longs;a aut <expan abbr="hoĩum">hoinum</expan> ratio <lb/>po&longs;tulet: Nam et &longs;i perditi <expan abbr="homĩes">homines</expan> ultima omnia &longs;uis fla <lb/>gitits mereantur: erit tamen et reip. </s> <s>et principis officium <lb/>de pietate nihil demereri. </s> <s>Eo &longs;at adeo &longs;it firma&longs;&longs;e opus pa <lb/>riete et aptiombus et te&longs;tudine: ut eripe nu&longs;quam facile &longs;e <lb/>&longs;e conciu&longs;us po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Cui reri cra&longs;&longs;itudo et profunditas: et cel <lb/>&longs;itas operis grandibus: et praeduris lapidibus ferro et ære <pb/>iunctis <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> conferet. </s> <s>Adde &longs;i uis et trabium et arduas <lb/>obretatas apertiones et eiu&longs;modi: tam et &longs;i minora et imbe <lb/>cilliora <expan abbr="omnĩo">omnino</expan> h&ecedil;c &longs;unt: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut ea libertatis et &longs;alutis memor <lb/>nequeat refringere modo exequi &longs;inas <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> ad rem per <lb/><expan abbr="fici&etilde;dam">ficiendam</expan> naturæ et ingenii uiribus ualeat. </s> <s>Ac pr&ecedil;clare qui <lb/>dem illi mihi uidentur admonere qui dicunt <expan abbr="adamãtinum">adamantinum</expan> <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e carcerem cu&longs;todis aduigilantis oculum. </s> <s>Sed nos in re <lb/>liquis ueterum mores et in&longs;tituta pro&longs;equamur: illud faciat <lb/>ad rem carceribus ade&longs;&longs;e oportere ubi uentri pareant. </s> <s>Vbi <lb/>etiam foco <expan abbr="refocill&etilde;tur">refocillentur</expan> ab&longs;que fumi et fetoris imuria. </s> <s>Tum <lb/>de tota re carceris e&longs;t: ut &longs;ic &longs;tatua. </s> <s>Aream in parte urbis <lb/>tuta et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> neglecta <expan abbr="cing&etilde;dam">cingendam</expan> muro ualido: alto nullis aper <lb/>tionibus inter&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o turribus et decur&longs;oriis munito: A mu <lb/>ro i&longs;toc intror&longs;um ad conclu&longs;orum parietes cubitos tres re <lb/>cedendum e&longs;t: quo excubi&ecedil; noctu obambientes coniurato <lb/>rum fugas intercipiant. </s> <s>Medium uero quod ine&longs;t areæ &longs;pa <lb/>tium ita diuidendum: ut pro ue&longs;tibulo aula minime tri<gap/>is <lb/>paretur: qua ad cape&longs;cendam di&longs;ciplinam mi&longs;&longs;i cogantur. <lb/></s> <s>Po&longs;t hac primos aditus cu&longs;todes armati intra cancellos et <lb/>ualli pr&ecedil;fidia occupent. </s> <s>Subinde area &longs;ubdiualis &longs;tatuctur. <lb/></s> <s>Aderunt hinc atque hinc adact&ecedil; porticus: quibus in cellas <lb/>plures pluribus aptionibus propatulus a&longs;pectus detur. </s> <s>Has <lb/>intra cellas decoctores et ære alieno obnoxii: non una <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> <lb/>&longs;ed di&longs;tincti a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur: Fronte habebitur carcer a&longs;trie <lb/>tior: quo minoribus criminibus rei mancipentur. </s> <s>Vltimis <lb/>penetralibus capitales a&longs;&longs;eruabuntur.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Venio ad priuata &ecedil;dificia. </s> <s>Domum alibi pu&longs;illam e&longs;&longs;e ur <lb/>bem diximus Ferme igitur &ecedil;que <expan abbr="oĩa">oina</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ea altruenda. </s> <s><expan abbr="cõ&longs;ide">con&longs;ide</expan> <lb/>ra&longs;&longs;e oportebit: quæ circa urbis opus ptineant.: Vt &longs;it &longs;alu <lb/>berrima <expan abbr="h&etilde;at">henat</expan> oportunitates: pre&longs;tet omoditates: Qu&ecedil; ad ui <lb/><expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <expan abbr="faeiãt">faeiant</expan> pacate <expan abbr="trãqlle">tranqlle</expan> atque laute <expan abbr="ag&etilde;dã">agendam</expan>. </s> <s>I&longs;ta h&ecedil;c <expan abbr="oĩa">oina</expan> &longs;uapte <lb/>natura <expan abbr="quænã">quænam</expan> &longs;unt et qualia e&longs;&longs;e et <expan abbr="cuiu&longs;mõi">cuiu&longs;moni</expan> oporteat <gap/>nita <lb/>ex parte uideor <expan abbr="trã&longs;egi&longs;&longs;e">tran&longs;egi&longs;&longs;e</expan> libris &longs;upioribus. </s> <s>Sed hic aliun <pb/>de &longs;umpto principio rem &longs;ic ordiemur: priuatam domum <lb/>fimiliæ gratia ponendam con&longs;tat: ut in ea commodi&longs;&longs;ime ac <lb/>quie&longs;cat/&longs;atis commoda <expan abbr="nequie&qtilde;">nequiequae</expan> erit &longs;edes ni &longs;ub <expan abbr="ei&longs;d&etilde;">ei&longs;dem</expan> te <lb/>ctis habeantur/quæcunque i&longs;torum gratia debeantur. </s> <s>Magnus <lb/>e&longs;t hominum in familia et rerum numerus quem non eque <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>urbe atque in agro ad arbitrium colloces. </s> <s>quid enim urbanis <lb/>ædificationibus euenit ut uicinus paries &longs;tillicidium publi <lb/>ca area uia et eiu&longs;mo di pleraque omnia <expan abbr="impediãt/">impediant/</expan> quo minus <lb/>ip&longs;e tibi &longs;ati&longs;&longs;acias id in ru&longs;ticanis non euenit liberiora illic <lb/>præpedita i&longs;tic &longs;unt omnia: ergo cum aliis pleri&longs;que rationi/ <lb/>bus/tum etiam hac iuuat &longs;ic rem di&longs;tinguere/ ut alia urba/ <lb/>na alia ro&longs;ticana e&longs;&longs;e: priuatis dieam ædificia i utri&longs;que aliud <lb/>tenuiores aliud opulentiores ciues exigunt: nanque tenuiores <lb/>quidem cobabitandi modum ex nece&longs;&longs;itate metiuntur/ lau <lb/>tiores uix ex &longs;acietare finiunt libidini terminos. </s> <s>At nos quæ <lb/>in quibu&longs;que bene con&longs;ulti moderatio comprobet referamus. <lb/></s> <s>a facilioribus incipiendum cen&longs;eo. </s> <s>Ru&longs;ticana expeditiora <lb/>tum et diuites ad impen&longs;am ruri promptiores. </s> <s>&longs;ed prius pa<gap/><lb/>ca breui&longs;&longs;ime repetamus quæ ad &longs;ummas uillae rationes fa <lb/>ciant ea &longs;unt eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Caelum calamito&longs;um/ terram cario <lb/>&longs;am fugiendum medio in agro ad montis radices aquo&longs;a a/ <lb/>prica &longs;alubrique in regione/ et &longs;alubri parte regionis aedifi/ <lb/>candum. </s> <s>Tri&longs;te et in&longs;alubre caelum prae&longs;tare <expan abbr="arbitran&ttilde;">arbitrantur</expan> cum <lb/>caetera <expan abbr="ĩcõmoda">incommoda</expan> de qbus libro <expan abbr="prĩo">prino</expan> tran&longs;egimus <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> et &longs;iluas <lb/><expan abbr="d&etilde;&longs;iores">den&longs;iores</expan> <expan abbr="prae&longs;ertĩ">prae&longs;ertim</expan> arboribus refertas qbus amarum &longs;it follium <lb/>quando illie nec uentis nec &longs;ole pertactus aer incrude&longs;cat. <lb/></s> <s>tum et &longs;olum etiam &longs;terile atque in&longs;alubre a quo <expan abbr="tand&etilde;">tandem</expan> &longs;i quid <lb/>capias/erunt &longs;iluae uillam ea parte agri <expan abbr="habendã">habendam</expan> puto qu<gap/><lb/>urbanis cum domini aedibus belli&longs;&longs;ime condicat. </s> <s>E&longs;t apud <lb/>zenophontem ad uillam <expan abbr="eundũ">eundum</expan> pedibus exercitu gratia/re <lb/>deundum equo. </s> <s>Ergo erit non &longs;emora penitus ab urbe: e <lb/>ritque uia non difficili/non impedita/ &longs;ed hibernis ae&longs;tiuis <lb/>que itionibus et &longs;ubuectionibus apta atque peroportuna/ <lb/>i&longs;eu id reda/&longs;eu pedibus/&longs;eu etiam naui forta&longs;&longs;is iuuets <pb/>conferetque/&longs;i erit non aliena a porta urbis &longs;ed <expan abbr="proximiore/&qtilde;">proximiore/quae</expan> <lb/>commodius expeditiu&longs;que &longs;ine maiore ue&longs;tium apparatu et &longs;i <lb/>ne populo interprete po&longs;&longs;is cum coniuge et liberis urbemque<lb/>uillamque <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;s">frequens</expan> ad arbitrium repetere <expan abbr="uillãque">uillanque</expan> habui&longs;ie <lb/>condecet ea qua matutini radii oculis profici&longs;centium &longs;int <lb/>non infe&longs;ti/et ue&longs;pertini &longs;oles domum redeuntes non mole <lb/>&longs;tent. </s> <s>Rur&longs;us habenda uilla e&longs;t loco non u&longs;que de&longs;tituto ne <lb/>glecto ignobili/ &longs;ed eiu&longs;modi ut illic et fructus &longs;pe et cæli <lb/>amoenitate illecti habitent cum rerum copia et uitæ iocun/ <lb/>ditate et &longs;ine periculo. </s> <s>Et ne item habenda quidem uilla <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>loco nimium celebri/ aut ad urbem/ad uiam <expan abbr="militar&etilde;">militarem</expan> et ad <lb/>portum adiuncta/ubi nauium numerus applicet &longs;ed collo <lb/>cabitur apte ut i&longs;tarum rerum uoluptas cum non de&longs;it tum <lb/>et res familiaris prætereuntium ho&longs;pitum frequentia haud <lb/>multo infe&longs;tetur. </s> <s>Vento&longs;a inquiunt ueteres &longs;oca carere &longs;o <lb/>lent rubigine ro&longs;cida uero et conualles perflatum que <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ha <lb/>bentes e<gap/> &longs;modi nocuis fre quenter uitiantur: illud mihi <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>&longs;emper ubique locorum <expan abbr="probabi&ttilde;">probabitur</expan> quod aiunt ædificandum uil <lb/>lam ut &longs;pectet equinoctium &longs;olem orientem. </s> <s>nam i&longs;ta quæ <lb/>de &longs;<gap/>bus et aura feruntur pro regionum &longs;orte mutari <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> prom <lb/>ptu e&longs;t/ut non &longs;emper aquilo leuis neque bau&longs;ter ubique i&longs;a <lb/>lubris &longs;it. </s> <s>perdocte quidem cel&longs;us phy&longs;icus uentos <expan abbr="o&etilde;s">oens</expan> a&longs;&longs;e <lb/>rebat qui amari cadan: e&longs;&longs;e den&longs;iores: qui autem a mediter <lb/>raneis <expan abbr="ueniãt">ueniant</expan> <expan abbr="nũ&qtilde;">nunquae</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;&longs;e leuiores: et <expan abbr="uitãdas">uitandas</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;torum">uentorum</expan> <expan abbr="grã">gram</expan> pri <lb/>mas fauces <expan abbr="ualliũ">uallium</expan> cen&longs;eo: nam illic uenti nimium frigentes <lb/>&longs;unt/&longs;i per umbram ueniunt/ aut nimium æ&longs;tuo&longs;i ubi p con <lb/>&longs;tratum et collu&longs;tratum ab multo &longs;ole applicent. </s> <s>Sed cum <lb/>uillarum tecta alia &longs;unt quæ ingenui/alia quæ ad&longs;trictii <lb/>glebe incolant. </s> <s><expan abbr="horũque">horunque</expan> altera emolumenti cau&longs;a in primis <lb/>con&longs;tituta: altera forta&longs;&longs;is animi gratia adducta uideantur: <lb/>de his quæ agrum apprime &longs;pecrant tran&longs;igamus: horum te <lb/>cta <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> loge ao herilibus e&longs;&longs;e oportet/quo <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> horas quæ qui&longs;que<lb/>agat: et quæ facto &longs;int opus intelligant. </s> <s>huius quidem par <lb/>tis tectorum proprium e&longs;t ut p eam fructus qui ex agro po&longs;&longs;it <pb/>eapi parentur <expan abbr="colligan&ttilde;">colligantur</expan> atque &longs;eruentur: ni <expan abbr="po&longs;tremũ">po&longs;tremum</expan> hoc. </s> <s>i. <lb/></s> <s>collecta ut &longs;erues: herilium urbanarumque e&longs;&longs;e munus ædium <lb/>putas magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> prædit ru&longs;ticani: i&longs;ta perficies hominum ma <lb/>nu in&longs;trumentorum copia/et in primis uillici indu&longs;tria et dili <lb/>gentia. </s> <s>Manum ru&longs;ticam po&longs;uere ueteres hominum ferme. <lb/></s> <s>XV. horum igitur gratia habere oportet: quo loci algentes fo <lb/>ueas aut tempe&longs;tatibus ab opere depul&longs;os recipias ut cibum <lb/>capiant/ut acquie&longs;cant/ut comparent quæ u&longs;ui futura &longs;unt <lb/>Ergo parabitur culina ampla minime ob&longs;cura ab <expan abbr="inc&etilde;dii">incendii</expan> pe <lb/>riculis tuta cum furno foco aqua et cloaca intra culinam ta <lb/>blinum ubi hone&longs;tiores <expan abbr="pernoct&etilde;t/ubi">pernoctent/ubi</expan> ci&longs;tam panariam/per <lb/><expan abbr="nam/lardũque">nam/lardunque</expan> in quotidianos u&longs;us <expan abbr="&longs;eru&etilde;t">&longs;eruent</expan><gap/> reliqui ita di&longs;tribu <lb/><expan abbr="an&ttilde;">antur</expan> ut &longs;uis quibus qui&longs;que præ&longs;it rebus curandis pre&longs;to &longs;int: <lb/>uillicus ad <expan abbr="ianuã">ianuam</expan> primariam: ne quid noctu &longs;e in&longs;cio <expan abbr="q&longs;piã">q&longs;piam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="progredia&ttilde;/aut">progrediatur/aut</expan> a&longs;portet quippiam. </s> <s>bubulci pro &longs;tabulis ne <lb/>quid eorum ce&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> ubi res po&longs;tulet. </s> <s>Hæc de <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb/>manu hactenus in&longs;trumenta alia animata ut quadrupedes: <lb/>alia muta ut uehicula/ferramenta et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>i&longs;torum gratia <lb/>ad culinam adiungetur teges immodica: &longs;ub qua plo&longs;trum <lb/>traham/burram/iuga/ci&longs;tas fenarias/et eiu&longs;modi colligas <lb/>&longs;pectabit teges <expan abbr="meridi&etilde;">meridiem</expan> quo <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> illic familia p <expan abbr="brumã">brumam</expan> <expan abbr="aga&ttilde;">agatur</expan> <lb/>dies fe&longs;tos in &longs;ole. </s> <s>et <expan abbr="dabi&ttilde;">dabitur</expan> plero ac torculari <expan abbr="&longs;paciũ">&longs;pacium</expan> expedi <lb/><expan abbr="ti&longs;&longs;imũ">ti&longs;&longs;imum</expan> et <expan abbr="ppurgati&longs;&longs;imũ">ppurgati&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: aderit et <expan abbr="cõclaue">conclaue</expan> ubi alueolus/ca <lb/>latus/orbiculi/funis/&longs;arculus/bidentes et generis eiu&longs;dem <lb/><expan abbr="condan&ttilde;">condantur</expan> atque <expan abbr="in&longs;arcian&ttilde;">in&longs;arciantur</expan>: <expan abbr="intrabiũ">intrabium</expan> <expan abbr="trã&longs;tris">tran&longs;tris</expan> et <expan abbr="iugam&etilde;tis/quæ">iugamentis/quæ</expan> <lb/>ad <expan abbr="teget&etilde;">tegetem</expan> &longs;int crates <expan abbr="cõ&longs;ternen&ttilde;">con&longs;ternentur</expan> illic uectes/pticas/hi&longs;taleas <lb/>uirgas/&longs;armenta/et <expan abbr="frond&etilde;/et">fronden/et</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;aginam&etilde;ta">&longs;aginamenta</expan> <expan abbr="boũ">boum</expan> et canabis et <lb/><expan abbr="linũ">linum</expan> rude/et eiu&longs;modi <expan abbr="collocabũ&ttilde;">collocabuntur</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Quadrupedũ">Quadrupedum</expan> duo <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> ge <lb/>nera operarium ut bos iumentum/et <expan abbr="fructuariũ">fructuarium</expan> ut porca pe <lb/>cus capra omneque armentum. </s> <s>De operariis prius quando <lb/>in&longs;trumenti poti&longs;&longs;imum loco &longs;int: mox de frutcuarii&longs;/ quæ <lb/>ad uilliei indu&longs;triam pertinent. </s> <s>Bubilia et equilia caueto ne <lb/>per <expan abbr="hiem&etilde;">hiemen</expan> &longs;int algida præ&longs;epia con&longs;epito ne <expan abbr="pabulũ">pabulum</expan> <expan abbr="di&longs;&longs;ip&etilde;t">di&longs;&longs;ipent</expan> <lb/>Equis facito ex &longs;ublimi &longs;tramenta pendeant/ ut &longs;tantes &longs;ub <pb/>lata ceruice non &longs;ine adhibito innixu decarpant: fiant enim <lb/>ea re capite &longs;icciore/et &longs;capulis agilioribus contra <expan abbr="hordeũ">hordeum</expan> <lb/>et &longs;emina prebeto ut ex infima &longs;crobæ hauriant: minus eni <lb/>ingurgitabunt intemperanter: et minus integra &longs;emina to <lb/><expan abbr="rabũt">rabunt</expan>: et præterea torulis pectoribusque reddentur firmiores <lb/>et robu&longs;tiores. </s> <s>Omnino prouidendum ne paries ad præ&longs;epe <lb/>fronti aduer&longs;us &longs;it humectus: craneo e&longs;t equus tenui et hu <lb/>moris frigori&longs;que impatienti: eo fene&longs;træ ne lunæ radios ad/ <lb/>mittant caueto: album oculo inducit luna et tu&longs;&longs;im <expan abbr="grau&etilde;">grauem</expan> <lb/>et &longs;aucio pecori lunæ radius pe&longs;tis e&longs;t. </s> <s>Eobus depre&longs;&longs;a poni <lb/>to quæ tacentes manducent. </s> <s>Focum &longs;i &longs;pectabunt iumenta <lb/>fient horrida: bos homnibus obiectis hilare&longs;cit. </s> <s>Mula ca <lb/>lenti tenebro&longs;oue habita loco in&longs;anit. </s> <s>Sunt qui <expan abbr="mulã">mulam</expan> putent <lb/>&longs;atis tecto opertam e&longs;&longs;e/&longs;i caput opertum &longs;it: cæteras partes <lb/>corporis aeri et frigori obiiciendas. </s> <s>Bobus pauimenta lapi <lb/>dea &longs;ub&longs;ternito ne ungulæ illuuiæ putre&longs;cant. </s> <s>equis <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;">pauimen</expan> <lb/>ta &longs;ubfodito et liceis aut pluteis robu&longs;teis/fo&longs;&longs;am operito/ <lb/>ne urinæ lutamentis commade&longs;cant et contrepidatu <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;">pauimen</expan> <lb/>ta atque unguem attritam reddat. </s> <s>Villici indu&longs;tria <expan abbr="uer&longs;abi&ttilde;">uer&longs;abitur</expan> <lb/>non in eo modo ut tantum ex agro colligat: uerum et in pri <lb/>mis exanimante quadrupede/alire/pi&longs;ce dicendum breui&longs;&longs;i <lb/>me. </s> <s>Armentaria &longs;epta loco &longs;icco et minime uligino&longs;o poni <lb/>eo &longs;olum eruderato et procliue ducito ut euerri facile po&longs;&longs;et <lb/>purum <expan abbr="fieri/partĩ">fieri/partim</expan> operito <expan abbr="ea/partĩ">ea/partim</expan> &longs;ub diuo &longs;inito hau&longs;ter no <lb/>ctu humectaue aura/ne pecus ptingat/ neue <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> alii infe <lb/>ftent <expan abbr="u&etilde;ti">uenti</expan> prouideto. </s> <s>Lepori <expan abbr="profundior&etilde;">profundiorem</expan> ad <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> u&longs;que parietem <lb/>lapide obducito <expan abbr="&qtilde;drato">quadrato</expan> area &longs;abulo ma&longs;culo locis plu&longs;culis <lb/>excreta cimolea tumulos excitato. </s> <s>Gallinis dato in cohorte <lb/>porticulum ad meridiem con&longs;per&longs;um plurimo puluere cine <lb/>ricio: &longs;upraque id <expan abbr="nidarũ">nidarum</expan> adigito: et perticam ubi &longs;e noctu <lb/>colligant. </s> <s>Sunt qui gallinas magnis caueis loco haberi con <lb/>&longs;epto iubent qui orientem &longs;pectet. </s> <s>Sed quæ ouorum gratia <lb/>et prolis habeantur/ueluti libertate alachriores &longs;unt/ita et <lb/>foecundiores in umbra et conclu&longs;o exortum ouum di&longs;&longs;ipit. <pb/>Palumbariam &longs;ecundum aquam con&longs;picuam: et moderate <lb/>&longs;ublimen ponito: quo fo&longs;&longs;a uolitando ales: et ludens qua&longs;i <lb/>alarum pale&longs;tra et plau&longs;u: pronis alis labens gaudeat appel <lb/>lere. </s> <s>Sunt qui dicant <expan abbr="palumbã">palumbam</expan> de &longs;umpta ex aruo e&longs;ca: quo <lb/>plus uiæ et laboris &longs;uos ad natos rediens pertulerit/ eo pul <lb/>los pleniores dare: id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quod allata gurgite <expan abbr="&longs;emĩa">&longs;emina</expan> quibu&longs; <lb/>prolem nutriat &longs;emicocta fecerit mora: eaque de re palumba <lb/>riam arduo in loco po&longs;itam probant: tum et forta&longs;&longs;is pre&longs;ta <lb/>re <expan abbr="arbitran&ttilde;">arbitrantur</expan> palumbariam longe habere ab aquis: ne oua pe <lb/>dibus madidis refrigerent. </s> <s>Ad turrim in angulis tinuncu <lb/>lum alitem &longs;i conclu&longs;eris/ab accipitrum <expan abbr="ĩiuria">iniuria</expan> fiet ille&longs;ior <lb/>Lupinum caput cimino a&longs;per&longs;um urceo conditum rimo&longs;o: <lb/>ut nidorem &longs;piret/ &longs;i intra aditum infoderis: fiet ut pluri <lb/>mus eo palumbus confluat: maiorum &longs;edibus relietis paui <lb/>mentum &longs;i excreta feceris et urina hominis iterum atque <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> <lb/>a&longs;per&longs;eris/numerum adaugebit, pro fene&longs;tris coronæ lapideæ <lb/>aut tabulæ oleagineæ applicentur <expan abbr="promin&etilde;tes">prominentes</expan> <expan abbr="cubitũ">cubitum</expan>: quo <lb/>&longs;e ales eue&longs;tibulo recipiat/et rur&longs;us euolet.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Minores conclu&longs;æ auiculæ arborum atque celi pro&longs;pectu con <lb/>tabe&longs;cunt. </s> <s>Cubilia et areolæ alitibus coaotabuntur locis te <lb/>pentibus, his uero quæ magis ambulent <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> uolent depre&longs; <lb/>&longs;a: et ip&longs;o in &longs;olo apponentur: ceteris demum altiora collo <lb/>cabuntur. </s> <s>&longs;ingula &longs;pondulis <expan abbr="cohercebun&ttilde;">cohercebuntur</expan> ouorum/ et pullici <lb/>norum continendorum gratia. </s> <s>Cubiculorum operibus &longs;utum <lb/>comodius calce/et calx gy<gap/>&longs;o. </s> <s>Lapis omnis rediuius noxi <lb/>us te&longs;ta utilior tofo&longs;i modice excocta &longs;it. </s> <s>materia ex popu <lb/>lo autabiete utilima. </s> <s>Alitibu&longs; omnibu&longs; &longs;tabula e&longs;&longs;e oportet <lb/>illu&longs;tria/pura/pura/munda/pre&longs;ertim palumbarum: quin <lb/>et quadrupede&longs; <expan abbr="ĩmundi&longs;&longs;ime">immundi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> accubet: &longs;caber fiet: ergo <expan abbr="fiãt">fiant</expan> <lb/>te&longs;tudinata/toti&longs; parietibu&longs; illita/et leuigata tectorio mar <lb/>morato: et diligenter <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> ob&longs;truantur: ne fele&longs;/mu&longs;/lacer <lb/>ta/et eiu&longs;modi nocuæ be&longs;tiolæ/oui&longs;/pulli&longs;: aut parietibu&longs; <lb/>&longs;int infe&longs;tæ/addentur e&longs;cariæ aquariæque. </s> <s>Ideo circa uillam <lb/><expan abbr="duce&ttilde;">ducetur</expan> fo&longs;&longs;a: qua an&longs;er/anax/et &longs;us/et bo&longs; prolui pro fundique<pb/>po&longs;&longs;it: et ubi e&longs;cam &longs;umant curabitur: ut cælo <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> pluuio <lb/>et turbato lauti&longs;&longs;imq fiant &longs;aturæ. </s> <s>Alitum minorum &longs;tabulis <lb/>aquaria e&longs;cariaque conceptacula/circa parietem <expan abbr="adigen&ttilde;">adigentur</expan> ca <lb/>nalibus/ita ut nec di&longs;pergere nec fedare immi&longs;&longs;a ualeant. <lb/></s> <s>Ex his fi&longs;tulæ extrin&longs;ecus <expan abbr="patebũt">patebunt</expan>: quibus uictus immi&longs;&longs;us <lb/>&longs;uppeditentur in medio lauacrum/quo abunde aqua <expan abbr="n&etilde;">nem</expan> im <lb/>pura infiuat. </s> <s>Pi&longs;cinam creto&longs;o in&longs;olo infundito/profundro <lb/>rem <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> ut &longs;olis radio uicta perferue&longs;cat/ aut gelet frigore <lb/>tum et cauernas circa latus aperito: quo etiam &longs;ubitis turba <lb/>tionibus tumultuans confugiat/ne animis de&longs;titutis conta <lb/>be&longs;cat/telluris &longs;uecu pi&longs;cis alitur/e&longs;tu acriore languet: ge <lb/>latu interimitur: meridianos ad &longs;oles &longs;oluitur alachritate. <lb/></s> <s>Credunt luto&longs;as himbrium aquas/interdum excipi/ non in <lb/>commode/&longs;ed primæ po&longs;t caniculum <expan abbr="exclud&etilde;dæ">excludendæ</expan>: quod <expan abbr="&longs;apiãt">&longs;apiant</expan> <lb/>calcem/pi&longs;cemque enecent: et dein<gap/>ps raræ immittendæ/quod<lb/>fetenri mu&longs;co aquam/et pi&longs;cem letitudine inficiant: illud <lb/>curandum ut perennis in piret atque re&longs;piret aqua ex fon<gap/>e <lb/>f. </s> <s>uu<gap/>/lacu/mari. </s> <s>Sed de maritimis pi&longs;cinis amplius uete <lb/>res percommode monent &longs;ic limo&longs;a inquiunt regio planum <lb/>edicat pi&longs;cem: ut &longs;olcam/et conchilia hareuo&longs;a. </s> <s>cæteros pe <lb/>lag<gap/>os pa&longs;cit melius/ut auratus et dentices. </s> <s>Saxa turdos et <lb/>merulas/et qui inter &longs;a<gap/>a nati &longs;unt. </s> <s>Demum &longs;tagnum e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>aiunt optimum pi&longs;cinis quod &longs;it po&longs;itum ut in&longs;equens ma <lb/>ris unda/priorem &longs;ubmoucat/nec intra con&longs;eptum &longs;inat re <lb/>manere <expan abbr="ueter&etilde;">ueterem</expan> <expan abbr="pigrulentã">pigrulentam</expan>. </s> <s>Minus cni cocale&longs;cere aquas du <lb/><expan abbr="cũt">cunt</expan> quæ &longs;en&longs;i <expan abbr="ĩnou&etilde;&ttilde;">innouentur</expan>. </s> <s>hactenus de <expan abbr="ĩdu&longs;tria">indu&longs;tria</expan> uillici <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> <lb/>multis <gap/> rebus: &longs;ed <expan abbr="maxĩe">maxine</expan> qd facit ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> mo&longs;&longs;ibus fructibus <lb/>que <expan abbr="collig&etilde;dis">colligendis</expan> atque <expan abbr="eõd&etilde;dis">eondendis</expan> <expan abbr="proba&ttilde;">probatur</expan>. </s> <s>horum <expan abbr="grã">gram</expan> <expan abbr="arcã">arcam</expan> <expan abbr="frum&etilde;tariã">frumentariam</expan> pa&longs; <lb/>&longs;e o<gap/>tet: &longs;olibus et <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> <expan abbr="patulã">patulam</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> logius a tegete de &quml; nup <lb/>diximus quo &longs;ubitis ob ortis nibis po<gap/>&longs;is &longs;eruitia collect<gap/><expan abbr="que&longs;picã">que<lb/>&longs;picam</expan> leut <expan abbr="mom&etilde;to">momento</expan> ad <expan abbr="optũ">optum</expan> &longs;ubducere. </s> <s>Vbi <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> facias &longs;ter <lb/>nito <expan abbr="&longs;olũ">&longs;olum</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad <expan abbr="libellã/">libellan/</expan> &longs;ed leuiter <expan abbr="ca&longs;tigatũ">ca&longs;tigatum</expan> et ofodito: po <lb/>&longs;tea amurca <gap/>pgito bene &longs;initoque cobibat po&longs;tca <expan abbr="cõminuito">comminuito</expan> <lb/>bene glebis deide chilidro aut palnicula coe&quml;to et paliculi&longs; <lb/>uerberato po&longs;tea dnuo amucra o&longs;pgito <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> aruerit neque mus <pb/>neque formica nidum faciet: neque lute&longs;cet: neque hærba <lb/>na&longs;cetur. </s> <s>Creta huic operi plurimum afferet &longs;oliditatis. </s> <s>De <lb/>a&longs;criptitiorum tectis hactenus. </s> <s>Herilem uillam &longs;unt qui di/ <lb/>cant aliam æ&longs;tiuam e&longs;&longs;e: aliam hibernam: atque &longs;ic diffini <lb/><gap/>nt: ut cubicula hiemis &longs;pectent brumalem orientem: cena <lb/>tio <expan abbr="æquinoctial&etilde;">æquinoctialem</expan> <expan abbr="occident&etilde;">occidentem</expan>. </s> <s>Cubilia uero æ&longs;tiua <expan abbr="meridi&etilde;">meridiem</expan>: <lb/>cenatio hibernum orientem: ambulatio ad <expan abbr="meridianũ">meridianum</expan> æqui <lb/>noctium expo&longs;ita &longs;it. </s> <s>Sed ea nos pro coeli regioni&longs;que mo <lb/>do alibi atque alibi aliter habenda cen&longs;emu&longs;: quoad frigida <lb/>calidis: et uda &longs;iccis contemperentur. </s> <s>Cæterum tecta inge <lb/>nuorum uelim occupent locum agri non feraci&longs;&longs;imum: &longs;ed <lb/>alioquin digni&longs;&longs;imum: unde omnis auræ &longs;olis a&longs;pectu&longs;que <lb/><expan abbr="cõmoditas">commoditas</expan> et uoluptas liberrime capiatur/faciles ad &longs;e ex <lb/>agro porrigit aditus. </s> <s>Venientem <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&etilde;">ho&longs;pitem</expan> hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis ex <lb/>cipiet &longs;patiis: <expan abbr="&longs;pectabi&ttilde;">&longs;pectabitur</expan> &longs;pectabitque urbem/oppida/mare/ <lb/>fu&longs;amque planitiem/et nota collium montiumque capita/hor <lb/>torum delitia&longs;/pi&longs;cationum uenationumque illecebras &longs;ub ocu <lb/>lis habebit expo&longs;itas. </s> <s>Quomque uti diximus <expan abbr="ædiũ">ædium</expan> ptes aliæ <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum: aliæ plurimorum: aliæ &longs;ingulorum &longs;int: in his quæ <lb/>uniuer&longs;orum &longs;unt imitabuntur. </s> <s>ædes principum &longs;patia <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>pro foribus u&longs;urpabit ampli&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="curriculorũ">curriculorum</expan> <expan abbr="eque&longs;triũquecertaminum">eque&longs;triunque<lb/>certaminum</expan>: quæ iuuentutis iaculum et &longs;agittam <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> exu <lb/>perentur. </s> <s>Intra fores itidem quæ plurimorum &longs;unt non de/ <lb/><expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> ambulationes/ge&longs;tationes/natationes/et areæ/cum ui <lb/><expan abbr="r&etilde;tes/tum">rentes/tum</expan> &longs;iccæ/et porticus/et emicycli: quibus ad graro&longs; <lb/>per brumam &longs;oles &longs;enes <expan abbr="confabul&etilde;tur">confabulentur</expan>: et familia diem agat <lb/>fe&longs;tum: æ&longs;tate fruantur umbra. </s> <s>Atqui con&longs;tat quidem <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ædi <lb/>bu&longs;alia deberi familiæ: alia rebus hi&longs; quæ familiæ grata ha <lb/>beantur. </s> <s>Familiam con&longs;tituent uir et uxor liberi et <expan abbr="par&etilde;tes">parentes</expan> <lb/>et qui horum u&longs;u una diuer&longs;entur/ curatores/ mini&longs;tri/&longs;er <lb/>ui/tum et <expan abbr="ho&longs;pit&etilde;">ho&longs;pitem</expan> familia non excludit. </s> <s>Familiæ gratia ha <lb/>ben<gap/>a &longs;unt quæ ad <expan abbr="uictũ/ut">uictun/ut</expan> e&longs;ca: et quæ ad u&longs;um/ut ue&longs;ti&longs;: <lb/>arma: libri: atque etiam equus. </s> <s>Omnium pars primaria ea <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> <lb/>quam &longs;eu cauam ædium &longs;eu <expan abbr="atriũ">atrium</expan> putes dici: nos &longs;inum ap <pb/>pellabimus/proxima ueniunt cenacula: &longs;ubinde habentur <lb/>quæ &longs;ingulorum &longs;unt cubicula. </s> <s>Po&longs;trema exi&longs;tant concla/ <lb/>uia: reliqua ip&longs;is ex rebus note&longs;cunt. </s> <s>Itaque &longs;inus pars erit <lb/>primaria, in quam cætera omnia minora membra ueluti in <lb/>publicum ædis forum confluant: ex qua ue non aditus mo <lb/>do commodi&longs;&longs;imus/uerum et luminum etiam commodita <lb/>tes apti&longs;&longs;ime importentur: hinc apparet &longs;inum quenque &longs;ibi <lb/>optare amplum <expan abbr="&longs;patium/apertum/dignũ/promptum">&longs;patium/apertum/dignun/promptum</expan>. </s> <s>Sed <lb/>&longs;inu alii contenti uno &longs;unt: alii plures producere pro&longs;ecuti <lb/>&longs;unt: ho&longs;que aut quoque undique altis parietibus aut ptim <lb/>præaltis/ partim humilioribus parietibus <expan abbr="cõclu&longs;ere">conclu&longs;ere</expan>. </s> <s>Et uo <lb/>luere alibi opertos e&longs;&longs;e tecto: alibi &longs;ub diuo: alibi ptim op <lb/>tos/partim nudos: alibi uno latere/alibi pluribus: alibi <expan abbr="oĩ">oim</expan> <lb/>bus lateribus porticum adiunxere: alibi in &longs;olo coæquan/ <lb/>dos: alibi &longs;ub t<gap/>&longs;tudinato po&longs;uere <expan abbr="pauim&etilde;to">pauimento</expan>. </s> <s>Circa hæc ni <lb/>hil plus dico/ni&longs;i ut <expan abbr="regionũ">regionum</expan> et tempe&longs;tatum et u&longs;us et <expan abbr="oĩs">oins</expan> <lb/>commoditatis ratio adhibeatur: ita ut frigenti regione acer <lb/>bitas boreæ et aeris &longs;olique horror: æ&longs;tuo&longs;a autem &longs;ub pla/ <lb/>ga mole&longs;ti &longs;oles excludantur: coeli &longs;piritus grati&longs;&longs;imus ad <lb/>mictatur: et lucis <expan abbr="iucũdi&longs;&longs;imæ">iucundi&longs;&longs;imæ</expan> quantum par &longs;it copia omni <lb/>ex parte influat: prouidebiturque nequid abuligine &longs;oli no <lb/>xium in&longs;udans officiat: nequid ue ex &longs;uperioribus deuolu <lb/>ti nimbi obliment. </s> <s>Patebitque in medium &longs;inum aditus et <lb/>ue&longs;tibulum hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imus minime arctus: minime arduus: <lb/>minime oh&longs;curus: aderitque primario obtutu religioni di/ <lb/>catum &longs;acrarium cum ara propalam: quo loci ingre&longs;&longs;us ho <lb/>&longs;pes religionem ineat amicitiæ et domum: p. </s> <s>f. </s> <s><expan abbr="repet&etilde;s">repetens</expan> pa <lb/>cem a &longs;uperis et &longs;uorum tranquillitatem po&longs;cat: i&longs;toc &longs;alu/ <lb/>tantes amplexabitur: &longs;iqua crunt arbitria de con&longs;ilio pen&longs;i <lb/>tabit amicorum et huiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Cum his conuenient &longs;pecu/ <lb/>laria fene&longs;trarum: meniani porticus: quibus una &longs;pectandi <lb/>cum uoluptate et &longs;oles et auras prout tempora po&longs;tulabunt <lb/>hauriant. </s> <s>Hibernis inquit Martialis obiecta noctis &longs;pecu/ <lb/>laria &longs;oles Admittunt puros/ et &longs;ine fece diem. </s> <s>Et <expan abbr="porticũ">porticum</expan> <pb/>ueteres ad meridiem ponendam cen&longs;uere/ quod æ&longs;tate &longs;ol &longs;ub <lb/>limiore <expan abbr="ambi&etilde;s">ambiens</expan> cyclo non <expan abbr="ĩmittat">immittat</expan> radios: hieme &longs;ubimmit <lb/>rat. </s> <s>Montium pro&longs;pectus qui &longs;unt ad meridiem quod ea parte <lb/>qua &longs;pectantur umbra operti &longs;int: quod que <expan abbr="alb&etilde;te">albente</expan> eius coeli ua <lb/>pore caligantes reddantur non u&longs;que iucundos præbent/&longs;i <lb/>longe oi&longs;tent. </s> <s>At <expan abbr="&longs;id&etilde;">&longs;idem</expan> proximiores et qua&longs;i in caput incum <lb/>bentes &longs;i &longs;int/pruino&longs;as præbent noctes et umbras prægeli/ <lb/>das: alioquin ex propinquo grati&longs;&longs;imi: et quod hau&longs;tros inter <lb/>cludant commodi&longs;&longs;imi &longs;unt. </s> <s>Pro <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trione">&longs;eptentrione</expan> proximus <expan abbr="mõs">mons</expan> <lb/>radium &longs;olis remittens uaporem adauget: di&longs;tans uero et pro<lb/>cul po&longs;itus lati&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> aeris puritate quæ &longs;ub ea coe <lb/>li plaga perpetuo &longs;erena uiget et &longs;olis fulgore quo <expan abbr="perfũdi">perfundi</expan> <lb/>tur/illu&longs;tris et mirifice &longs;pectatus redditur. </s> <s>Sub&longs;olam mon <lb/>tes proximi frigentes horas anticulanas occidui <expan abbr="rorulãtem">rorulantem</expan> <lb/>auroram præbent: ambo ex medio interuallo fe&longs;tiui&longs;&longs;imi. <lb/></s> <s>Itidem et flumina et lacus: neque <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> commoda <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> pro <lb/>pinqua/neque &longs;unt iucunda/ubi nimium di&longs;tent. </s> <s>At cotra <lb/>mare ex mediocri &longs;patio &longs;oles impuros flat: ex proximo mi <lb/>nus ledit/quando æquabiliore per&longs;eueret aere. </s> <s>Ex longin <lb/>quo illud in&longs;uper ad <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan> confert quod de&longs;iderium ciet &longs;ui. <lb/></s> <s>Tamen intere&longs;t qua coeli parte &longs;e&longs;e o&longs;tentet. </s> <s>nam patens a <lb/>meridie adurit mare: &longs;ub oriente humectat: ad occidentem <lb/>caligat: ex <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;trione">&longs;eptentrione</expan> præfriget. </s> <s>Ex &longs;inu dabitur in cenacu <lb/>la ingre&longs;&longs;us. </s> <s>Ea erunt pro u&longs;us nece&longs;&longs;itare alia æ&longs;tiua alia <lb/>hiberna/alia ut ita loquar/medioxuma. </s> <s>Ae&longs;tiuis cenaculis <lb/>aquam <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis et hortorum uiridia po&longs;cunt: hibernis tepo <lb/>rem et focum. </s> <s>In utri&longs;que amplitudo/hilaritas atque lautities <lb/>optatur. </s> <s>Sunt <expan abbr="argum&etilde;ta">argumenta</expan> quibus facile p&longs;uadeas focos apud <lb/>maiores fui&longs;&longs;e non quales habere a&longs;&longs;ueuimus. </s> <s>Et fumant in <lb/>quit ille culmina tecti. </s> <s>Id præter ethruriam et galliam ad <lb/>hæc u&longs;que tempora ob&longs;eruatum per uniuer&longs;am italiam uide/ <lb/>mus/ut nullæ haberentur fumi ex rectis gulæ. </s> <s>Triclin<gap/>s <lb/>arebat Vitrurius hibernis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> e&longs;t utilis camerarum coronario <lb/>ope &longs;ubtilis ornatus quod ab ignis fumo et crebris fuliginibus <pb/>corrumpantur. </s> <s>Quin et cameram &longs;upra focum atramento <lb/>illinibant: ut atrum id pictura inductum pro fumo uideretur <lb/>Alibi reperic lignis uti &longs;olitos purgatis <gap/>&longs;queut fumo e&longs;&longs;ent <lb/>immunes: quæ cocta nuncupabantur: eiu&longs;que rei gratia in <lb/>lignorum appellatione iuri&longs;con&longs;ultos cocta non uenire cen&longs;u <lb/>i&longs;&longs;e: ut po&longs;&longs;is arbitrari focis u&longs;os mobilibus ex ære ferro ue <lb/>prout cuiu&longs;que res et dignitas po&longs;tulabat. </s> <s>Et forta&longs;&longs;is ca/ <lb/>&longs;tren&longs;e id genus hominum/et duratum militia/uti ad <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>omnes erant foco minus utebantur. </s> <s>Neque <expan abbr="concedũt">concedunt</expan> phy&longs;ici <lb/>ut a&longs;&longs;idue multo utamur igne. </s> <s>Aiebat Ari&longs;toteles carnium <lb/>&longs;oliditatem in animante con&longs;tare a frigore. </s> <s>Et notarunt qui <lb/>i&longs;ta profitentur fabros qui officinis ignariis <expan abbr="exerceãtur">exerceantur</expan> fer <lb/>me omnes uultu et cute admodum rugo&longs;a et cri&longs;pa reddi: <lb/>idque fieri ea re <expan abbr="atte&longs;ian&ttilde;">atte&longs;iantur</expan> quod cloacas gelu planitudines et &longs;ue <lb/>cus quo caro fiat <expan abbr="collique&ttilde;">colliquetur</expan> igne: atque uaporibus euane&longs;cat. <lb/></s> <s>Apud germanos et cholco&longs; alibi ue ubi ignium auxilio con <lb/>tra rigores <expan abbr="frigorũ">frigorum</expan> opus e&longs;t concalefacto utuntur conclaui: <lb/>de quo &longs;uo dicetur loco. </s> <s>Ad focum iedeamus. </s> <s>Sunt quæ ad <lb/>foci u&longs;um pertineant hæc: ut promptus extet: ut plures una <lb/>foueat: luminis habeat &longs;atis: uentorum nihil: habebit tamen <lb/>qua re&longs;piret &longs;umus: alicquin non <expan abbr="cõ&longs;cenderet">con&longs;cenderet</expan>. </s> <s>Ergo non in <lb/>angulum: non multo intra parietem cogetur: non <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> pri <lb/>mores conuiuarum men&longs;as occupabit. </s> <s>Apertionum flabris <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>uexabitur: imis faucibus ex pariete haud multo promine/ <lb/>bit: gula erit capaci: et a dextris ad &longs;ini&longs;tram lata: excitata <lb/>ad perpendiculum: procera quoad toto &longs;ummo capitulo fa <lb/>&longs;tigia omnia excellat. </s> <s>Id quidem certe propter incendiorum<lb/>pericula: tum etiam ne uentus offen&longs;is tectorum obiicibus un <lb/>das aereas inglomeret: ac uerticibus fumos retardet atque re <lb/>tundat: fumus &longs;ponte &longs;ua imbuto calore <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;dit">con&longs;cendit</expan>: &longs;ed inde <lb/><expan abbr="flãmarum">flammarum</expan> et foci caloribus acceleratius propellitur. </s> <s>Gula igi <lb/>tur camini exceptus ueluti fi&longs;tula coharcetur: impetuque &longs;e <lb/><expan abbr="cundãtiũ">cundantium</expan> flammarum non &longs;ecus atque &longs;onus ex tuba truditur. <lb/></s> <s>Par igitur uti in tuba &longs;i nimium lata e&longs;t &longs;urde&longs;cit aere obin <pb/>uer&longs;o: &longs;ic fumus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Sũmi">Summi</expan> capituli uertex <expan abbr="tege&ttilde;">tegetur</expan> <expan abbr="obibr&etilde;">obibrem</expan>: naribu&longs; <lb/>fietque propatuli&longs; et <expan abbr="circũfu&longs;i&longs;">circunfu&longs;i&longs;</expan> pre&longs;eptis tame <expan abbr="alam&etilde;to">alamento</expan> quo uenti <lb/>mole&longs;tia <expan abbr="abarcea&ttilde;">abarceatur</expan>. </s> <s>Inter <expan abbr="alam&etilde;ta">alamenta</expan> et nares laxatas <expan abbr="relinque&ttilde;">relinquetur</expan> ad <lb/>euomendos fumi fluuios. </s> <s>Id ubi non licet: uertulam appello: <lb/><expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <expan abbr="erectũ">erectum</expan> in <expan abbr="acũ">acum</expan> apponi uelim. </s> <s>ea <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> cap&longs;is ænea lata quoad <expan abbr="&longs;ũ">&longs;um</expan> <lb/>mas gulæ fauces intra &longs;e capiat. </s> <s>Stabit huic proiecta pro <expan abbr="frõte">fronte</expan> cri <lb/>&longs;ta qua ueluti temone acta <expan abbr="lace&longs;&longs;&etilde;tibus">lace&longs;&longs;entibus</expan> <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> iuertat occiput. <lb/></s> <s><expan abbr="Cõmodi&longs;&longs;ime">Commodi&longs;&longs;ime</expan> capitulis <expan abbr="gularũ">gularum</expan> <expan abbr="circũappon&etilde;&ttilde;">circunapponentur</expan> cornua ænea aut <lb/>ex ope fictili <expan abbr="ãplo">amplo</expan> et apto uacuo puia ore &longs;upremo ad <expan abbr="gulã">gulam</expan> ip <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;ã">&longs;am</expan> <expan abbr="cõuer&longs;o">conuer&longs;o</expan>: qua hau&longs;tos bucca iferiore fumos &longs;uprema euomat <lb/>inuitis <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan>. </s> <s>Cænaculis <expan abbr="debe&ttilde;">debetur</expan> coquina et cella ob&longs;onaria ubi <lb/>reliqas cænæ et ua&longs;a et <expan abbr="mãtilia">mantilia</expan> <expan abbr="referã&ttilde;">referantur</expan>. </s> <s>Coquina neque <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="gremiũ">gremium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="cõuiuarum">conuiuarum</expan> habenda e&longs;t/neque porro <expan abbr="l&etilde;gius">lengius</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;emou&etilde;da">&longs;emouenda</expan> quoad quæ <lb/>calida conuiuiis <expan abbr="exigũtur">exiguntur</expan> <expan abbr="ĩteruenrendũ">interuenrendum</expan> <expan abbr="refrige&longs;cãt">refrige&longs;cant</expan>: &longs;at erit &longs;i <lb/>lixarum, patellarum cortinarum &longs;trepitus et feditas <expan abbr="exclude&ttilde;">excludetur</expan>. </s> <s>Fercu <lb/><expan abbr="lorũ">lorum</expan> <expan abbr="cõportationes">comportationes</expan> ne imber aut <expan abbr="itionũ">itionum</expan> <expan abbr="ĩgrati">ingrati</expan> anfractus aut lo <lb/><expan abbr="corũ">corum</expan> ob&longs;cenitas <expan abbr="ĩpediat">impediat</expan>: ne ue ab his digniora <expan abbr="dehone&longs;ten&ttilde;">dehone&longs;tentur</expan> <expan abbr="prouidebi&ttilde;">pro<lb/>uidebitur</expan>. </s> <s>Ex cenaculis cubicula <expan abbr="petũtur">petuntur</expan>. </s> <s>Lauti&longs;&longs;imi <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> uti cena <lb/>cula <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> babere æ&longs;tate atque bruma. </s> <s>Venit in <expan abbr="ment&etilde;">mentem</expan> illud <lb/>Luculli. </s> <s><expan abbr="Ingenuũ">Ingenuum</expan> <expan abbr="homin&etilde;">hominem</expan> deteriore <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> &longs;orte <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> grues atque hirun <lb/>dines e&longs;&longs;e no oportere. </s> <s>Nos <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> quæ in quibu&longs;que bene mode <lb/>rati ratio <expan abbr="cõprobet">comprobet</expan> referamus. </s> <s>Ex Aemilio probo hi&longs;torico &longs;oli <lb/>tos memini apud græcos <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="cõuiuiis">conuiuiis</expan> <expan abbr="propĩquorum">propinquorum</expan> uxores <lb/>adhibere: et ptes <expan abbr="ædiũ">ædium</expan> ubi &longs;ederent mulieres qua&longs;da e&longs;&longs;e: quo <lb/>præter cognatos <expan abbr="propĩquiores">propinquiores</expan> <expan abbr="hõ">hom</expan> accederet nemo. </s> <s>Et profecto <lb/>ubi <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="cogruãt">cogruant</expan> muliere&longs; loca e&longs;&longs;e oportere arbitror <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ecu&longs; <lb/>atque dicata religioni et ca&longs;timoniæ: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> et lauta ueli <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <lb/>a&longs;&longs;ignari puellis et uirginibus diuer&longs;oria: quo molliculi <expan abbr="earumaĩ">earum<lb/>aim</expan> <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> <expan abbr="cõclaui">conclaui</expan> minore <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> tedio &longs;ui &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="cõtineãt">contineant</expan>. </s> <s>Matro <lb/>na utilius illic a&longs;&longs;idebit unde quæ qui&longs;que domi agat <expan abbr="ĩtelligat">intelligat</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Sed nos quæ ad patrio&longs; euiu&longs;que mores <expan abbr="condicãt">condicant</expan> &longs;equamur. </s> <s>Vi <lb/>ro atque uxori dormitio &longs;ingulis &longs;ingula <expan abbr="debe&ttilde;">debetur</expan>: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> id <expan abbr="mõ">mom</expan> ut ptu <lb/><expan abbr="ri&etilde;s">riens</expan> aut malfata mulier mole&longs;ta uiro <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;it: uerum et æ&longs;tiuos <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;õnos">&longs;onnos</expan> ille&longs;iores peragat/cui lubuerit/&longs;ua cuique aderit ianua et <pb/>præter id <expan abbr="cõmune">commune</expan> aderit po&longs;ticulum: quo mut<gap/>o &longs;e po&longs;&longs;it pe <lb/>tere &longs;ine interprete. </s> <s>Sub u<gap/>oris conclaue ue&longs;tiaria &longs;ub uiri li <lb/>braria cella comparabitur. </s> <s>Parens ætate f<gap/>&longs;&longs;a quod occio et quie <lb/>te indigeat dormitionem habebit tepentem, obtectam &longs;<gap/> <expan abbr="otã">otam</expan> <lb/>ab omni familie atque exter norum &longs;trepitu. </s> <s>Habebit <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis <lb/>foculi letitiam/et quæ alia ualitudinar<gap/> <expan abbr="exigũt">exigunt</expan> animi et cor <lb/>poris gratia. </s> <s>Huius &longs;ub <expan abbr="cõclaui">conclaui</expan> argentaria crit cella. </s> <s>In hac <lb/>libert mares <expan abbr="adole&longs;c&etilde;tuli">adole&longs;centuli</expan>. </s> <s>In ue&longs;tiaria uirgines puellæ. </s> <s>In pro <lb/>ximo nutrices <expan abbr="pnoctabũt">pnoctabunt</expan>. </s> <s>Ho&longs;pitem collocabimu&longs; <expan abbr="ædiũ">ædium</expan> parte <lb/>quæ &longs;it pro xima ad ue&longs;tibulum: quo &longs;e &longs;ui liberius &longs;alutatores <lb/><expan abbr="adeãt">adeant</expan>: et <expan abbr="ramiliã">ramiliam</expan> <expan abbr="reliquã">reliquam</expan> minus <expan abbr="&longs;ollicit&etilde;">&longs;ollicitem</expan>. </s> <s>Prætextati libere e <lb/>regione aut <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="lõge">longe</expan> ab ho&longs;pite diu<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;abun&ttilde;">&longs;abuntur</expan> familiaritatis <expan abbr="fru&etilde;">fruem</expan> <lb/>dæ et fo<gap/><expan abbr="&etilde;dæ">endæ</expan> gratia. </s> <s><expan abbr="Subc&etilde;claue">Subcenclaue</expan> habebit ho&longs;pes: ubi &longs;ecretiora <lb/>et cariora <expan abbr="c&etilde;dat">cendat</expan>: atque ad <expan abbr="arbitriũ">arbitrium</expan> reclu&longs;us repetat. </s> <s>Prætextato <lb/>erit <expan abbr="&longs;ubcõclaue">&longs;ubconclaue</expan> celia armamentaria. </s> <s>Curatores mini&longs;tri &longs;erui <lb/>ab <expan abbr="ĩgenuorum">ingenuorum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;mertiis">cemmertiis</expan> ita <expan abbr="&longs;egregabũ&ttilde;">&longs;egregabuntur</expan>: ut pro coiu&longs;que officio de <lb/><expan abbr="c&etilde;s">cens</expan> et patus locus <expan abbr="attribua&ttilde;">attribuatur</expan>. </s> <s>Ancillæ et cubicularii &longs;uis <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;">commi&longs;</expan> <lb/>&longs;i locis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="lõgius">longius</expan> <expan abbr="aberũt">aberunt</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ut <expan abbr="ext&etilde;plo">extemplo</expan> audire: et pre&longs;to ad <expan abbr="mb&etilde;">mbem</expan> <lb/>tis <expan abbr="ĩpia">impia</expan> po&longs;&longs;int e&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Curator triclinir ad <expan abbr="uinariã">uinariam</expan> <expan abbr="cellã">cellam</expan> et pen<gap/><lb/><expan abbr="aditũ">aditum</expan> po&longs;&longs;idebit. </s> <s>Quadrupedum curatores pro &longs;tabulis accuba <lb/><expan abbr="bũt">bunt</expan>. </s> <s>heriles eq a dor&longs;uariis <expan abbr="&longs;egregabũ&ttilde;">&longs;egregabuntur</expan>: <expan abbr="habebun&ttilde;que">habebunturque</expan> leco unde <lb/>fetoribus domu aut inter &longs;e rixa no offendant: aut <expan abbr="igniũ">ignium</expan> ca&longs;u <lb/>q<gap/><expan abbr="ippiã">ippiam</expan> ob&longs;it. </s> <s><expan abbr="Triticũ">Triticum</expan> &longs;emenque <expan abbr="o&etilde;">oem</expan> marce&longs;cit humore: palle <lb/>&longs;cit æ&longs;tu: <expan abbr="attenua&ttilde;">attenuatur</expan> afflictu: calcis <expan abbr="cõtactu">contactu</expan> <expan abbr="uitia&ttilde;">uitiatur</expan>. </s> <s>Ergo ubi uis <lb/><expan abbr="cond&etilde;dũ">condendum</expan> duxeris &longs;eu <expan abbr="&longs;pelũcis/&longs;eu">&longs;peluncis/&longs;eu</expan> puteis &longs;eu tabulato/&longs;eu nu <lb/>de <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> &longs;olo <expan abbr="aceruatũ/curato">aceruatun/curato</expan> ut <expan abbr="habea&ttilde;">habeatur</expan> loco &longs;icci&longs;&longs;imo et penitus <lb/><expan abbr="rec&etilde;ti">recenti</expan>. </s> <s>Fui&longs;&longs;e apud &longs;ibolim repta <expan abbr="frum&etilde;ta">frumenta</expan> <expan abbr="ĩtegra">integra</expan> po&longs;t <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> <expan abbr="c&etilde;">cem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="te&longs;imũ/a">te&longs;imun/a</expan> quo effo&longs;&longs;a fuerint te&longs;tis <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> lo&longs;ephus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Sũt">Sunt</expan> q hordea ca <lb/>lenti loco <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> uitiari putent: po&longs;t <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> ocius <expan abbr="uitian&ttilde;">uitiantur</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Affirmãt">Affirmant</expan> <lb/>phy&longs;ici humido pari corpora ut <expan abbr="corrũpan&ttilde;">corrumpantur</expan>: calido fieri ut cor <lb/><expan abbr="rũpantur">rumpantur</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Lutũ">Lutum</expan> ex amurca atque argilla <expan abbr="cõmaceratũ">commaceratum</expan> &longs;parto aut <lb/>paleis tritis ualde <expan abbr="&longs;ubactũ">&longs;ubactum</expan> &longs;i granario <expan abbr="induxeris/h&etilde;bis">induxeris/hembis</expan> grana <lb/>&longs;olidiora et fumiora: et &longs;eruabis diutius/et curculio non noce <lb/>bit: et formicæ no <expan abbr="faci&etilde;t">facient</expan> furta. </s> <s>Quæ horrea <expan abbr="&longs;eminũ">&longs;eminum</expan> cau&longs;a fiant <pb/>crudo ex latere præ&longs;tabunt. </s> <s>Seminibus atque etiam fructi <lb/>bus condititiis borea&longs; <expan abbr="u&etilde;tus">uentus</expan> amicior e&longs;t hau&longs;tro: et ablo/ <lb/>cis humectis &longs;pirante aura/quauis pertabe&longs;cunt gurgulio/ <lb/>ne/uermeque refunduntur. </s> <s>Tum et ptinaci atque immodico <lb/>quouis uento redduntur uieta leguminibu&longs; præ&longs;ertim tabi&longs; <lb/>horreum cinere atque amurca cru&longs;tato. </s> <s>Poma in tabulato <lb/>occlu&longs;i&longs;&longs;imo atque gelido habeto. </s> <s>Vtribus turgefactis poma <lb/>&longs;eruari integrum per annum putabat Ari&longs;toteles. </s> <s>Aeris in <lb/>con&longs;tantia omnia conficiuntur: ea re omnes arcebuntur fla <lb/>tus. </s> <s>Quin etiam ex aquilone ferunt poma rugis deturpari. <lb/></s> <s>Cellam uinariam <expan abbr="&longs;ubterraneã">&longs;ubterraneam</expan> et conclu&longs;am probant: <expan abbr="tam&etilde;">tamen</expan> <lb/>ut uina &longs;unt quæ umbra langue&longs;cant. </s> <s>Ventis omnibus qui <lb/>a &longs;ub&longs;olano meridie ab occa&longs;u ueniant præ&longs;ertim bruma et <lb/>uere uinum pertactum perturbatur: ad caniculæ autem &longs;y <lb/>dus etiam borea commouetur: &longs;olis radio are&longs;cit: luna he <lb/>be&longs;cit: motu frace&longs;cit atque <expan abbr="elãgue&longs;cit">elangue&longs;cit</expan>: odoris rapax e&longs;t ui <lb/>num: fetore eneruatur et &longs;oluitur: &longs;icco et gelido tenoreque<lb/>uno per&longs;eueranti annos perfert. </s> <s>Vinum inquit Columella <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> diu frigidum erit: tam diu recte manebit. </s> <s>Cellam iccir/ <lb/>co uinariam in loco ponito &longs;tabili: et a carrorum concu&longs;&longs;u <lb/>immuni: eorum latus et lumina a &longs;ub&longs;olano in <expan abbr="aquilon&etilde;">aquilonem</expan> ob <lb/>uertito. </s> <s>Sordes et male odorata <expan abbr="omĩa/uligo/cra&longs;&longs;us">omina/uligo/cra&longs;&longs;us</expan> uapor <lb/>fumus, horti <expan abbr="&longs;piram&etilde;ta/ex">&longs;piramenta/ex</expan> cepe/bra&longs;&longs;ica/fico/caprifico ex <lb/>purgato/longe abigi: o/penitus excludito: &longs;olum cellæ pa <lb/>uimento &longs;ubdiuali <expan abbr="&longs;ternito/ĩ">&longs;ternito/im</expan> medio lacunulam deprimito: <lb/>qua &longs;i quid dolii uitio effu&longs;um &longs;it colligas. </s> <s>Sunt qui opere <lb/>cementitio et muratili dolia faciant. </s> <s>At dolia quo capacio <lb/>ra/eo uinum erit acrius et &longs;crtius. </s> <s>Olearia calentes <expan abbr="amãt">amant</expan> <lb/>umbras: odere auras frigidas: tum et fumo atque fuligine <lb/>inficiuntur. </s> <s>Impura illa <expan abbr="pretermittã&ttilde;/quod">pretermittantur/quod</expan> aiunt &longs;terquil <lb/>linia habenda alia ubi nouum &longs;tercus/alia ubi uctus <expan abbr="cõdas">condas</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Humecto gaudere &longs;ole/et <expan abbr="u&etilde;tis">uentis</expan> exinaniri. </s> <s>Hoc &longs;it ad rem <lb/>quæ ignes metuant ut fenile: et quæ con&longs;pectu atque odora <pb/>tu terra &longs;unt ablgantur et <expan abbr="ableg&etilde;tur">ablegentur</expan>. </s> <s>Robu&longs;teo &longs;terquilinio <lb/>&longs;erpens non orietur. </s> <s>Hoc prætereundum non <expan abbr="c&etilde;&longs;eo">cen&longs;eo</expan>. </s> <s>Nam <lb/>quid hoc mali e&longs;t <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> agro &longs;terquillinia ponimus loco abdito <lb/>atque exclu&longs;o, nequid familiam ru&longs;ticam offendat fetori <lb/>bus &longs;ub rectis uero et prope &longs;ub puluinari cellis primariis: <lb/>quibus alioquin integras captamus quietes: laterinas habe <lb/>re priuatas hoc <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> apothecas <expan abbr="pe&longs;til&etilde;ti&longs;&longs;imi">pe&longs;tilenti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> fetoris uolumus. <lb/></s> <s>Si egrotabit trulla et ua&longs;culo commodius utetur. </s> <s>Bene <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> <lb/>ualentibus quid ni abigendam i&longs;tanc nau&longs;eam ducas <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ui <lb/>deo. </s> <s>Et &longs;pecta&longs;&longs;e liceat cum cæteras alites tum <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis hi/ <lb/>rundines quantope curent pullos habere &longs;uos nido <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> <lb/>fedo. </s> <s>Mirum quid moneat natura. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> et pulliculi cum pri <lb/>mum per ætatem firmatis <expan abbr="m&etilde;bris">membris</expan> licet <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ni&longs;i ex nido onus <lb/>uentris deiiciunt, ad&longs;unt et parentes: qui quidem quo lon/ <lb/>gius feditatem <expan abbr="abigãt">abigant</expan> ro&longs;tro pullorum &longs;ege&longs;tionem aere ea <lb/>dentem excipiunt atqu: a&longs;portant. </s> <s>Naturæ igitur bene ad/ <lb/>monenti <expan abbr="par&etilde;dum">parendum</expan> cen&longs;eo. </s> <s>Sed uilla et urbana locupletiorum<lb/>diuer&longs;oria inter &longs;e hoc differunt: quod fortunatis uilla <expan abbr="æ&longs;tiuũ">æ&longs;tiuum</expan> <lb/>diuer&longs;orium e&longs;t/uibanis tectis ad brumas commodiu&longs; tole <lb/>randas utuntur. </s> <s>Inde adeo ex agro omnem lucis/auræ/&longs;pa <lb/>tii/pro&longs;pectu&longs;que amenitatem captant/ex urbe umbratiles <lb/>et molliores delitias &longs;equuntur. </s> <s>Sat iccirco <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> &longs;i quæ ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> <lb/>ciuilem oportuna &longs;unt/intra urbem cum dignitate et &longs;alu/ <lb/>britate præ&longs;tantur: quoad tamen locorum angu&longs;tiæ et lumi <lb/>nis copia patietur: omnem &longs;ibi uillæ amenitatem atque <expan abbr="iucũ">iucum</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="ditat&etilde;">ditatem</expan> ædes urbanæ arripient. </s> <s><expan abbr="Habebũt">Habebunt</expan> quidem præter la&longs;&longs;i <lb/>tatem &longs;inus/etiam <expan abbr="porticum/ambulation&etilde;/ge&longs;tationem/">porticum/ambulationen/ge&longs;tationem/</expan> <lb/>atque hortorum delitias et eiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Sin id minus licebit <lb/>coæquabili in &longs;olo etiam ædificationibus alteris in alteras <lb/>&longs;uperadactis iu&longs;ta membrorum &longs;patia comparabuntur. </s> <s>Na <lb/>tura loci permittente &longs;ubterranea infedieutur quibus liq da <lb/>ligna æque &longs;eruitia colloces: in ha&longs;ce hone&longs;tiora &longs;upera di <lb/>ficabuntur. </s> <s>Atqui addentur etiam <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ha&longs;ce <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> alteræ &longs;i opus <pb/>&longs;it ædi&longs;icationes: quoad familiæ u&longs;ibus abunde <expan abbr="proui&longs;ũ">proui&longs;um</expan> &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Primis u&longs;ibus primæ: dignioribus digniores partes di&longs;tri/ <lb/>buentur. </s> <s>Demum curabitur ut &longs;int parata di&longs;cretaque locai <lb/>quibus cum me&longs;&longs;em fructu&longs; ue/tum in&longs;trumenta omni&longs;que <lb/>nenique &longs;uperlectilis a&longs;&longs;eruetur. </s> <s>Non deerit/ubi ad res di <lb/>uinas: ubi ue mundum muliebre/ et quæ ad &longs;e&longs;tes dies: et <lb/>quæ ad uirilem ornatum &longs;olennium dierum: et ubi arma atque<lb/>tæla et ubi quæ ad lanificia: et ubi ad epulationes/et ho&longs;pi <lb/>tum aduentum: et quæ ad rara temporum negocia annume <lb/>rata ad&longs;criptaque &longs;eruentur. </s> <s>Alibi quod men&longs;truum: alibi <lb/>quod anuum: alibi quod ad u&longs;us debetur quotidianos: quæ <lb/>&longs;ingula &longs;ub conclaui ubi e&longs;&longs;e non <expan abbr="poterunt/curandũ">poterunt/curandum</expan> e&longs;t ma <lb/>xime ut &longs;int &longs;ub con&longs;pectu: eo id magis quo in rariore futu <lb/>ra &longs;unt u&longs;u. </s> <s>Nam quæ res quotidie uidetur/ca plane minu&longs; <lb/>metuet <expan abbr="fur&etilde;">furem</expan>. </s> <s>Tenuiorum ædificationes q<gap/>m ferut facultates <lb/>ex locupletiorum lautitie &longs;ibi exempla uendicabunt: quæ <lb/>imitentur: hac adhibita moderatione ut emolumenti ratio <lb/>nes po&longs;t hab<gap/>i&longs;&longs;e nunquam uelint uoluptati. </s> <s>Ergo i&longs;torum <lb/>uilla <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> multo minus pro&longs;piciet bour et gregi q uxori. </s> <s>Vo <lb/>let palumbariam pi&longs;cinam et eiu&longs;moi ad fructum <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ad de <lb/>litias: parabit tamen uillam meliu&longs;cule: quo materfamilias <lb/>illic lubentius uer&longs;ari: et rem dome&longs;ticam diligenter cura <lb/>re a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cat. </s> <s>neque tantum utilitati fiuceuique pro&longs;piciet: <lb/>quin <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis ualituoini con&longs;ulat. </s> <s>Vbi aerem mutare opus <lb/>&longs;it per hiemem id facias monebat Cellus: minus enim cum <lb/>periculo bruma graue perferre cælum a&longs;&longs;ue&longs;cimus/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> æ&longs;ta <lb/>te. </s> <s>At nos uillam æ&longs;tate poti&longs;&longs;imum petimus. </s> <s>Curandum <lb/>igitur/ut &longs;it illa quidem longe &longs;aluberrima. </s> <s>Intra urbem <lb/>&longs;ub ædibus tabernam quæ&longs;tuariam habere &qgrave; triclinium ap <lb/>paratiorem: id demum ad &longs;uas &longs;pes et cupiditates coducere <lb/>aroitrabitur: captabitque in triuio angulum: in foro fron/ <lb/><gap/>: intra militarem uiam per&longs;picuum reflexum: neque alia <lb/>ferme &longs;ollicitus erit <expan abbr="cura/&qtilde;">cura/quae</expan> ut expo&longs;itis uenalium illece <lb/>bris aucupetur. </s> <s>Inte&longs;tinis operibus non indecenter utetur <gap/><pb/>crudo latere craticiis: creta acerato materia. </s> <s>In extimis <lb/>autem illud putabit non perpetuo dari: ut uicino frugi et <lb/>commodo utatur: ea re circuet domum pariere contia ho/ <lb/>minum ac temporum iniurias firmiore: uiculo&longs;que conter <lb/>minales aut ita ponet latos: ut aura mature <expan abbr="&longs;iccen&ttilde;">&longs;iccentur</expan>: ant ita <lb/>ponet arctos ut uno canali amborum &longs;tillicidiorum efflu/ <lb/>uia excipiantur atque <expan abbr="deuomãtur">deuomantur</expan>. </s> <s>Inter pluuiares i&longs;<gap/>iu&longs;n o <lb/>di uiculi ae multo magis canales ip&longs;i multo <expan abbr="fa&longs;tigiabũtur">fa&longs;tigiabuntur</expan>: <lb/>ne re&longs;ideat aqua: neue refundatur: &longs;ed confe&longs;tim expurge/ <lb/>tur uia <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id fieri po&longs;&longs;it breui&longs;&longs;ima. </s> <s>Cæterum de his omni/ <lb/>bus &longs;ummatim quæ repetenda uideantur/ cum his quæ pre <lb/>mo libro tran&longs;egimus hæc &longs;unt: Quæ partes ædificii <expan abbr="igniũ">ignium</expan> <lb/>ca&longs;ibus immunes e&longs;&longs;e debent: quæ temporum iniuriis obie <lb/>etæ &longs;unt: quæ obelu&longs;iora e&longs;&longs;e: quæ &longs;trepitu carere oportet/ <lb/>te&longs;tudinentur. </s> <s>Terrenas omnes habitationes te&longs;tudinari p <lb/>placet: quæ terrenis &longs;upera&longs;truantur &longs;alubriore&longs; reddent<gap/><lb/>contignatione. </s> <s>Quibus ad crepu&longs;eulum u&longs;ui uenit lux: uti <lb/>&longs;unt &longs;alutatio/ambulatio/ et præcipue bibliotheca æquino <lb/>etium <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tem">orientem</expan> &longs;pectent. </s> <s>Quæ <expan abbr="tineam/pallorem/mucor&etilde;/">tineam/pallorem/mucoren/</expan> <lb/>eruginem ue metuant <expan abbr="ue&longs;tis/&longs;ibri/arma/&longs;emen/e&longs;cul&etilde;taqueomnia">ue&longs;tis/&longs;ibri/arma/&longs;emen/e&longs;culentaque<lb/>omnia</expan> meridie atque occidente <expan abbr="coercean&ttilde;">coerceantur</expan>. </s> <s>Si æquabili or us <lb/>e&longs;t lumine pictori/&longs;criptori/&longs;calptori et eiu&longs;m<gap/> <expan abbr="&longs;ept&etilde;">&longs;eptem</expan><gap/><lb/>nem dato. </s> <s>Demum ueitito æ&longs;tiua omnia ut boream ex<gap/><lb/>ant: hiberna meridiem <gap/>rna et autumnalia <expan abbr="ori&etilde;tem">orientem</expan>. </s> <s>Occi <lb/>duum uero &longs;olem balneis et uernis cenaculis dato. </s> <s>Hæc &longs;i <lb/>non licet ex &longs;ententia/æ&longs;tiuis commodi&longs;&longs;imas partes præ <lb/>occupato. </s> <s>Et mea quidem <expan abbr="&longs;ent&etilde;tia">&longs;ententia</expan> qui ædificat æ&longs;tiuis <gap/><lb/>ficet u&longs;ibu&longs;<gap/>&longs;i &longs;apit: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> hibernis ut fiat &longs;ati&longs; leue <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> n<gap/>: <lb/>claudito: et <expan abbr="focũ">focum</expan> <expan abbr="inc&etilde;dito">incendito</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cõtra">Contra</expan> <expan abbr="æ&longs;tũ">æ&longs;tum</expan> multa <expan abbr="reqrũ&ttilde;">reqruntur</expan>: &longs;ed <gap/><lb/><expan abbr="uãt">uant</expan> ea <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;&etilde;p">&longs;emp</expan> <expan abbr="multũ">multum</expan>. </s> <s>Eo <expan abbr="igi&ttilde;">igitur</expan> hibernis facito area &longs;it <gap/><lb/>dica altitudo modica aptiones modicæ/æ&longs;tiua cotra o<gap/><lb/>pte <expan abbr="h&etilde;to">hento</expan> la&longs;&longs;a patula <expan abbr="oĩa">oina</expan>. </s> <s>Facito &longs;it captatrix auræ <gap/><lb/>u&longs;culæ &longs;oles <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> et ab &longs;ole mi&longs;&longs;os flatus excludito muitul <pb/>aer ampia conclu&longs;us aula multis una conceptis aquis iu&longs;tar <gap/><lb/>dius conferue&longs;cit.</s></p><p type="head"> <s>LEONIS BAPTISTE ALBERTI DE <lb/>ORNAMENTO LIBER SEXTVS<lb/><arrow.to.target n="marg6"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin"> <s><margin.target id="marg6"></margin.target>I</s></p><p type="main"> <s>INEAMENTA et materiam operum et <lb/>manum &longs;abrilem/ et quæ ad publica priua <lb/>ta/ cum &longs;acra/tum et profana ædificia con/ <lb/>&longs;tituenda pertinere uidebantur/quoad <expan abbr="e&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">e&longs;&longs;ent</expan> <lb/>ea quidem ad ferendam iniuriam tempe&longs;ta <lb/>tum apt<gap/>: et ad &longs;uos quæque u&longs;u&longs; pro locorum<lb/>temporum hominumque rerum que rationibus accomodata/ &longs;uperio <lb/>ribus libris quinque tran&longs;egimus diligentia <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> ex libris <lb/>ip&longs;i&longs; per&longs;picere potui&longs;ti: ut <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus tractandis <lb/>multo maiorem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> de&longs;ideres: labore me &longs;uperi maiore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pio <lb/>inita prouintia <expan abbr="interdũ">interdum</expan> ex ip&longs;o me forea&longs;&longs;is po&longs;tula&longs;&longs;em. </s> <s>Inci <lb/>debant enim frequentes difficultates/ et rerum explicandarum/ et <lb/>nominum <expan abbr="inueni&etilde;dorum">inueniendorum</expan> et materiæ ptractandæ, quæ me ab&longs;ter <lb/><expan abbr="rer&etilde;t">rerent</expan> ab <expan abbr="ĩcepto">incepto</expan> atque auerterent. </s> <s>Alia ex ptc quæ ratio ut opu&longs; <lb/><expan abbr="inchoar&etilde;">inchoarem</expan> a<gap/>xerat: eadem reuocabat ut pro&longs;equerer atque <gap/>or <lb/>tabatur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> dolebam quidem tam multa tamque pra clari&longs;&longs;i <lb/>ma &longs;eriptorum monumenta interi&longs;&longs;e temporum hominum que in <lb/>iuria: ut uix <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> ex <expan abbr="tãto">tanto</expan> naufragio <expan abbr="Vitruuiũ">Vitruuium</expan> &longs;uper&longs;titem <gap/> a/ <lb/><expan abbr="beremus/&longs;criptor&etilde;">beremus/&longs;criptorem</expan> proculdubio <expan abbr="in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;imũ">in&longs;tructi&longs;&longs;imum</expan>: &longs;ed ita <expan abbr="affectũ">affectum</expan> <lb/>tempe&longs;tate atque <expan abbr="lacerũ">lacerum</expan><gap/> ut multis locis multa de&longs;int/et multis <lb/>plurima de&longs;ideres. </s> <s>Accedebat quod i&longs;ta tradidi&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> culta/ &longs;ic <lb/><expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> <expan abbr="loqueba&ttilde;/ut">loquebatur/ut</expan> latini <expan abbr="græcũ">græcum</expan> uideri uolui&longs;&longs;e: græci <expan abbr="locutũ">locutum</expan> la <lb/>tin<gap/> <expan abbr="uaticin&etilde;&ttilde;">uaticinentur</expan>. </s> <s>Re&longs; <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> ip&longs;a i &longs;e&longs;e porrigenda neque latinum neque<lb/>græcum fui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="te&longs;te&ttilde;">te&longs;tetur</expan>: ut par &longs;it <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;crip&longs;i&longs;&longs;e hunc nobis/ q ita <lb/>ferip&longs;erit/ut <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="ĩtelligamus">intelligamus</expan>. </s> <s><expan abbr="Re&longs;tabãt">Re&longs;tabant</expan> uetera rerum <expan abbr="ex&etilde;pla">exempla</expan> tam/ <lb/>plis theatri&longs;que mandata: ex qbus <expan abbr="tan&qtilde;">tanquae</expan> ex optimis profe&longs;&longs;oribus <lb/>multa di&longs;cerentur: <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;ine lachrymis <expan abbr="uidebã">uidebam</expan> indies dele <lb/>ri. </s> <s>Et qui forte per hæc tempora ædi&longs;icar<gap/>nt nouis ineptiatum <pb/><expan abbr="deliram&etilde;tis">deliramentis</expan> potius <expan abbr="&qtilde;probati&longs;&longs;imis">quaprobati&longs;&longs;imis</expan> laudati&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="opũ">opum</expan> <expan abbr="rõibus">ronibus</expan> <lb/>delectari qbus ex rebu&longs; futurum negabat nemo qn breui hæc pars <lb/>ut ita loquar uitæ et cognitionis penitus e&longs;&longs;et <expan abbr="ĩteritura">interitura</expan>. </s> <s>Idcir <lb/>co hæc cum ita e&longs;&longs;ent: non <expan abbr="poterã">poteram</expan> non facere/quin de commen <lb/><expan abbr="tãdis">tandis</expan> his rebus et &longs;æpe et diu <expan abbr="cogitar&etilde;">cogitarem</expan>. </s> <s>Inter <expan abbr="cogitãdũ">cogitandum</expan> <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <lb/>tas res/tam dignas tam utiles tam in uita <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> nece&longs;&longs;arias <lb/>quæ &longs;e&longs;e ultro <expan abbr="afferr&etilde;t">afferrent</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;crib&etilde;ti">&longs;cribenti</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="neglig&etilde;das">negligendas</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;tituebã">in&longs;tituebam</expan>: offi <lb/>ciique e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cen&longs;ebã">cen&longs;ebam</expan> uiri boni et &longs;tudio&longs;i conari: ut <expan abbr="part&etilde;">partem</expan> hanc eru <lb/>ditioni&longs; <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <expan abbr="prud&etilde;ti&longs;&longs;imi">prudenti&longs;&longs;imi</expan> maiores &longs;emper maximi feci&longs;&longs;ent ab <lb/><expan abbr="ĩteritu">interitu</expan> <expan abbr="uendicar&etilde;">uendicarem</expan>. </s> <s>Itaque anceps eram incertu&longs;que con&longs;ilii/pro <lb/>&longs;equerer ne an potius intermitterem. </s> <s><expan abbr="Peruĩcebat">Peruincebat</expan> amor operis <lb/>et &longs;tudiorum charita&longs;: et quod <expan abbr="ĩgeniũ">ingenium</expan> præ&longs;tare &longs;atis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> potui&longs;&longs;et <lb/><expan abbr="&longs;tudiũ">&longs;tudium</expan> ardens et incredibili&longs; <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia">diligentia</expan> &longs;uppeditabat. </s> <s>Nihil <expan abbr="u&longs;&qtilde;">u&longs;quae</expan> <lb/>erat antiquorum <expan abbr="operum/ĩ">operum/im</expan> quo aliqua laus eluce&longs;ceret: quin <lb/>ilico ex eo perue&longs;tigarem &longs;iquid po&longs;&longs;em perdi&longs;cere. </s> <s>Ergo ri <lb/>mari omnia/con&longs;iderare/metiri/lineamentis picturæ collige <lb/>re nu&longs;quam intermittebam/ quoad <expan abbr="fũditus">funditus</expan> quid qui&longs;que attuli&longs; <lb/>&longs;et ingenii aut artis <expan abbr="preh&etilde;derem">prehenderem</expan> atque perno&longs;cerem. </s> <s>Eoque pacto <lb/>&longs;cribendi laborem <expan abbr="leuabam/di&longs;c&etilde;di">leuabam/di&longs;cendi</expan> cupiditate atque uolupta <lb/>re. </s> <s>Et profecto tam uarias res/ <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> di&longs;pares/tam di&longs;per&longs;as /tam <lb/>ab u&longs;u et cognitione &longs;criptorum alienas colligere in unum/et <lb/>digno <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;ere">recen&longs;ere</expan> modo/et apto locare ordine/et oratione tracta <lb/>re accurata et certa <expan abbr="rõne">ronne</expan> <expan abbr="mõ&longs;trare">mon&longs;trare</expan> pror&longs;u&longs; e&longs;t facultatis et eru <lb/>ditionis maioris &quml; in me profitear: me tamen <expan abbr="nequic&qtilde;">nequicquae</expan> penitet <lb/>mei: &longs;i quod <expan abbr="oĩno">oinno</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ&longs;titueram">in&longs;titueram</expan> a&longs;&longs;ecutus <expan abbr="&longs;ũ">&longs;um</expan>: ut qui me legerint <lb/>e&longs;&longs;e m<gap/>facilem dicendo <gap/>alui&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="&longs;tatuãt">&longs;tatuant</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uideri <expan abbr="eloqu&etilde;tem">eloquentem</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Quod unum &quml; &longs;it difficile in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi rebus <expan abbr="cõmentãdi&longs;">commentandi&longs;</expan> ma <lb/>gis nouere experti &quml; credant qui periculum non fecere. </s> <s>Et ni <lb/>&longs;allor/ quæ &longs;crip&longs;imus ita &longs;crip&longs;imus: ut e&longs;&longs;e latina <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> neges <lb/>et &longs;atis intelligantur. </s> <s>Id ip&longs;um <expan abbr="ĩhis">inhis</expan> quæ &longs;equuntur pro uiribus <lb/>efficiemus ex tribus partibus quæ ad uniuer&longs;am ædificatio <lb/>nem pertinebant: uti e&longs;&longs;ent quidem quæ a&longs;trueremus ad u&longs;um <lb/>apta: ad perpetuitatem firmi&longs;&longs;ima/ad gratiam et amenitatem <lb/>pati&longs;&longs;ima: primis duabus ptibus ab&longs;olutis re&longs;tat tertia <expan abbr="oĩum">oinum</expan> <pb/>digni&longs;&longs;ima et <expan abbr="per&qtilde;">perquae</expan> ualde nece&longs;&longs;aria. </s> <s><expan abbr="Etenĩ">Etenim</expan> gratiam <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>atque amenitatem non alicunde manare <expan abbr="arbitrãtur/&qtilde;">arbitrantur/quae</expan> a pul <lb/>chritudine atque ornamento: hinc ducti: quod neminem inue <lb/>niri &longs;entiant tam tri&longs;tem et tardum: tam <expan abbr="rud&etilde;">rudem</expan> et <expan abbr="ru&longs;ticanũ">ru&longs;ticanum</expan>: <lb/>quin pulcherrimis rebus maiorem <expan abbr="ĩmodum">immodum</expan> afficiatur: or <lb/>nati&longs;&longs;ima omnibus po&longs;thabitis pro&longs;equatur: turpibus offen <lb/>datur: incompta omnia et neglecta explodat: et <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> cu <lb/>iu&longs;que rei dee&longs;&longs;e ornamenti &longs;entiat: tantum dee&longs;&longs;e profitea <lb/>tur quod faciat ad gratiam atque dignitatem. </s> <s>Digni&longs;&longs;ima <lb/>igitur atque <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis affectanda pulchritudo e&longs;t his præ&longs;er <lb/>tim qui &longs;ua uclint reddere non ingrata. </s> <s>Huic rei maiores <lb/>no&longs;tri uiri prudenti&longs;&longs;imi quantum deberi exi&longs;timantur: in <lb/>ditio &longs;unt <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cætera: tum leges/militia/res diuina/toraque<lb/>r. </s> <s>p. </s> <s><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> incredibile dictu e&longs;t <expan abbr="quãtopere">quantopere</expan> curarint ut e&longs;&longs;ent or <lb/>nati&longs;&longs;ima: ac &longs;i cen&longs;ui&longs;&longs;e uideri uoluerint: i&longs;ta hæc &longs;ine qui <lb/>bus bominum uita uix <expan abbr="cõ&longs;tare">con&longs;tare</expan> po&longs;&longs;it/ ornamentorum appara <lb/>tu et pompa &longs;ublata in&longs;ipidum quid negocii et in&longs;ul&longs;um fo <lb/>re. </s> <s>Deos certe &longs;pectato coelo et mirificis eorum operibus mi <lb/>ramur/magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> pulchra illa <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> uidemus/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod e&longs;&longs;e util <lb/>lima &longs;entiamus. </s> <s>Aut quid i&longs;ta pro&longs;equar? </s> <s>ip&longs;a <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> natura <lb/>quod pa&longs;&longs;i uidere licet nimia <expan abbr="pulchrituditũ">pulchrituditum</expan> uoluptate &longs;ub <lb/>la&longs;ciuire indies non de&longs;i&longs;tit: omitto cætera et <expan abbr="ping&etilde;dis">pingendis</expan> flo <lb/>ribus. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i qua in re i&longs;ta <expan abbr="de&longs;iderãtur">de&longs;iderantur</expan>: profecto <expan abbr="ædificiũ">ædificium</expan> <lb/>eiu&longs;modi e&longs;t: ut hi&longs;dem carere nullo pacto po&longs;&longs;it &longs;ine peri <lb/>torum atque impitorum offen&longs;ione. </s> <s>Quid <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> e&longs;t ut moueamur <lb/>lapidum &longs;true informi et <expan abbr="incõcinna/">inconcinna/</expan> ni&longs;i ut quo ea quidem <lb/>maior &longs;it: eo iacturam impen&longs;æ magis uituperemus? </s> <s>et in <lb/>con&longs;ideratam coaceruandorum lapidum libidinem dete&longs;te <lb/>mur: Nece&longs;&longs;itati &longs;ati&longs;&longs;eci&longs;&longs;e leue quid et perpu&longs;illum e&longs;t: <lb/>commoditati pro&longs;pexi&longs;&longs;e ingratum/ ubi offenderit operis <lb/><expan abbr="inelegãtia">inelegantia</expan>. </s> <s>Accedit quod hæc una de <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> loquimur <expan abbr="cõmoditati">commoditati</expan> <lb/>atque <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="p&etilde;nitati">pennitati</expan> <expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> affert <expan abbr="adium&etilde;ti">adiumenti</expan>. </s> <s>Quis. </s> <s>n. </s> <s><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ecũ">&longs;ecum</expan> <lb/>agi <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> af<gap/>irmabit/ubi &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="ĩtra">intra</expan> ornatos/ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;i negle/ <lb/>ctos intra pietes recepit: aut qd alioqn <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <expan abbr="obfirmatũ">obfirmatum</expan> effici <pb/>ulla hominum arte poterit quod ab hominum iuiuria &longs;atis <lb/>munitum &longs;it. </s> <s>At pulchritudo etiam ab infe&longs;tis ho&longs;tibus im <lb/>petrabit ut iras temperent/atque <expan abbr="inuiolatã">inuiolatam</expan> &longs;e e&longs;&longs;e patiantur: <lb/>ut hoc audeam dicere nulla re tutum æque ab hominum in <lb/>iuria atque ille&longs;um futurum opus: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> forme dignitate ac uenu/ <lb/>&longs;tate. </s> <s>Huc omnis cura/omnis <expan abbr="dilig&etilde;tia/omnis">diligentia/omnis</expan> impen&longs;æ ra <lb/>tio conferenda e&longs;t: ut quæ feceri&longs; <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> utilia et <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan> &longs;int: <lb/>tum et præcipue &longs;int ornati&longs;&longs;ima ac pinde grati&longs;&longs;ima: quo <lb/>ad qui &longs;pectent/ nulla in re alibi tantum erogatum e&longs;&longs;e im <lb/>pen&longs;æ malint <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tinc. </s> <s>Sed pulchritudo atque ornamentum p <lb/>&longs;e quid &longs;it: quid ue inter &longs;e differant forta&longs;&longs;is animo aperti <lb/>us intellig<gap/>mus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> uerbis explicari a me po&longs;&longs;it. </s> <s>Nos tamen <lb/>breuitatis gratia &longs;ic diffiniemus: ut &longs;it pulchritudo <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <lb/>certa <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ratione concinnitas uniuer&longs;arum partium <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> eo cuius <lb/>&longs;int: ita ut addi/aut diminui/aut <expan abbr="ĩmutari">immutari</expan> po&longs;&longs;it nihil/qn <lb/>improbabilius reddat. </s> <s>Magnum hoc et diuinum quo perfi <lb/>ciendo omnes uires artium et ingenii con&longs;umuntur: raroque<lb/>uel ip&longs;i naturæ <expan abbr="cui&qtilde;">cuiquae</expan> conce&longs;&longs;um: ut in <expan abbr="mediũ">medium</expan> pro&longs;erat quod <lb/>plane ab&longs;olutum atque omni ex pte <expan abbr="perfectũ">perfectum</expan> &longs;it. </s> <s>Qi o<gap/>us <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>quit ille apud Ciceronem/athenis extat ephobus pulcher. <lb/></s> <s>Dee&longs;&longs;e aliquid &longs;pectator ille formarum: aut plus e&longs;&longs;e in his <lb/>quos <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> probaret <expan abbr="ĩtelligebat">intelligebat</expan>: quod ip&longs;um <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> pulcherrimis <lb/>rationibus non conueniret: illis ni fallor/adhibita <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;">ornamen</expan> <lb/>ta hoc contuli&longs;&longs;ent: fucando/operiendoque &longs;iqua extabant <lb/>deformia/aut comando expoliendoque uenu&longs;tiora. </s> <s>Vt in/ <lb/>grata minus offenderent: et amena magis delectatent. </s> <s>Id <lb/>&longs;i ita per&longs;uadetur/ erit quidem ornamentum qua&longs;i &longs;ub&longs;i/ <lb/>diaria quædam lux pulchritudinis/ atque ueluti comple/ <lb/>mentum. </s> <s>Ex his patere arbitror/ pulchritudinem qua&longs;i <lb/>&longs;uum atque innatum toto e&longs;&longs;e perfu&longs;um corpore quod pul <lb/>chrum &longs;it: ornamentum autem afficti et compacti naturam <lb/>&longs;apere magis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> innati. </s> <s>Rur&longs;us &longs;ic e&longs;t ut pro&longs;equar. </s> <s>Qui ita <lb/><expan abbr="ædificãt/ut">ædificant/ut</expan> quæ <expan abbr="ædific&etilde;t">ædificent</expan> probari uelint/quod uelle <expan abbr="deb&etilde;t">debent</expan> <lb/>qui &longs;alem habent hos certa &longs;ane moueri ratione. </s> <s>Facere qui <pb/>dem aliquid certa cum ratiome artis e&longs;t. </s> <s>Rectam iccirco et <lb/>probatam edificationem quis negabit non ni&longs;i ex arte po&longs;&longs;e <lb/>duci: equidem certe ip&longs;a hæc pars quæ circa pulchritudi/ <lb/><expan abbr="n&etilde;">nem</expan> ornamentaque uer&longs;atur/primaria omnium quom &longs;it hu <lb/>ius nimirum ip&longs;ius partis aliqua certa et con&longs;tans erit ratio <lb/>atque ars quam qui negligat in&longs;ul&longs;i&longs;&longs;imus e&longs;t. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> qui <lb/>bus i&longs;ta non probentur/dicantque <expan abbr="&longs;olutã">&longs;olutam</expan> et uagam e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb/>dam opinionem/qua de pulchritudine atque omni ædifica <lb/>tione iudicemus: et pro cuiu&longs;que libidine uariam et muta/ <lb/>bilem e&longs;&longs;e formam ædificiorum nullis artium præceptis ad <lb/>&longs;tringendam. </s> <s>Commune hoc <expan abbr="ignorãtiæ">ignorantiæ</expan> uitium e&longs;t: quæ ne <lb/>&longs;cias nequicquam e&longs;&longs;e profiteri. </s> <s>Tollendum errorem hunc <lb/>&longs;tatuo: non tamen illud a&longs;&longs;ummo ut prolixius rimari opor <lb/>tere cen&longs;eam quibus primordiis emanarint artes: quibus ra <lb/>tionibus ductæ: qbus alimentis creuerint. </s> <s>Sit <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> abre quod <lb/>a<gap/>unt artium parentem fui&longs;&longs;e ca&longs;um/ at que aduer&longs;ionem. <lb/></s> <s>alumnum u&longs;um atque experimentum: cognitione uero atque<lb/>ratiocinatione excreui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Sic &longs;erunt mille annis a mille mi <lb/>libus hominum medicinam <expan abbr="inu&etilde;tã">inuentam</expan> extiti&longs;&longs;e: itidem et nau <lb/>ticam/et plera&longs;que omne&longs; i&longs;tiu&longs;modi artes minutis addita <lb/>mentis excreui&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Aedificatoria quantum ex ueterum mo <lb/>nimentis percipimus/primam adole&longs;centiæ ut &longs;ic loquar/ <lb/><expan abbr="luxuri&etilde;">luxuriem</expan> profudit in a&longs;ia. </s> <s>Mox apud græcos fioruit. </s> <s>Po&longs;tre <lb/>mo probati&longs;&longs;imam adepta e&longs;t maturitatem in italia. </s> <s>Sic <lb/>enim mihi fit ueri&longs;imile: reges illos rerum affluentia et <lb/>ocio abundantes ubi &longs;e &longs;uaque opes &longs;eptrique maie&longs;tatem <lb/>et amplitudinem intuebantur quod e&longs;&longs;e opus tectis grandiori <lb/>bus/et pariete hone&longs;tiore <expan abbr="intelliger&etilde;t/">intelligerent/</expan> cepi&longs;&longs;e cuncta &longs;ecta <lb/>ri/atque colligere: quæ facerent ad <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan>: et quo maximis et <lb/>hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis <expan abbr="utere&ttilde;">uteretur</expan> ædificiis: maximis &longs;orta&longs;&longs;is arboribus <lb/>tecta ponere: ex lapide minus ignobili <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan> ducere u&longs;ur <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;e: præ&longs;titit opus <expan abbr="admiration&etilde;">admirationem</expan> atque <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan>. </s> <s>Indeque <lb/>laudari ua&longs;ta forta&longs;&longs;is opa <expan abbr="&longs;entii&etilde;t">&longs;entiient</expan>: quod que <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis <expan abbr="regiũ">regium</expan> e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>munus <expan abbr="arbitrar&etilde;&ttilde;">arbitrarentur</expan> ea facere quæ priuati <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> po&longs;&longs;ent opum im <pb/>manitate delectati inter &longs;e ip&longs;i reges &longs;tudio&longs;ius certare pro <lb/>gre&longs;&longs;i &longs;unt ad in&longs;aniam u&longs;que pyramidum extollendarum. <lb/></s> <s>Credo equidem u&longs;um ædificandi præbui&longs;&longs;e occa&longs;ionem ut <lb/>multa ex parte cernerent quid inter&longs;it numero: ordine: po <lb/>&longs;itu: facie ue: quæ a&longs;truerentur uno aut altero commi&longs;i&longs;&longs;e. <lb/></s> <s>Ac perinde gratioribu&longs; delectatos &longs;pernere didici&longs;&longs;e incon <lb/>cinniora. </s> <s>Succe&longs;&longs;it græcia: ea <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quod ingeniis bonis atque<lb/>eruditis floreret et fragraret cupiditate ornandi &longs;ui: cum <lb/>cætera tum et templum <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis faciundum curauit. </s> <s>Hinc <lb/>cepit a&longs;&longs;yriorum ægyptiorumque opera diligentius &longs;pecta <lb/>re/quoad intellexit quidem in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi laudari magi&longs; ar <lb/>tificum <expan abbr="manus/&qtilde;">manus/quae</expan> opes regias. </s> <s>Nam po&longs;&longs;e quidem magna <lb/>facere fortunatorum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Pacere autem quæ periti non uitu <lb/>perent eorum e&longs;t/qui laudem mereantur. </s> <s>ex ea re &longs;uas e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>partes in&longs;tituit græcia &longs;u&longs;cepto in opere id conari/ ut quos <lb/>fortunæ opibus æquare non po&longs;&longs;ent: hos quoad in &longs;e e&longs;&longs;et in <lb/>genii dotibus &longs;uperaret. </s> <s>Cepitque uti cæteras artes/ &longs;ic et <lb/>hanc ædificatoriam ip&longs;o ex naturæ gremio petere atque edu <lb/>cere/totamque tractare/totamque perno&longs;cere &longs;agaci &longs;oler/ <lb/>tia pro&longs;piciens perpenden&longs;que. </s> <s>Quid inter ca quæ proben <lb/>tur ædificia inter&longs;it/atque ea quæ minus probentur: I&longs;ta in <lb/>di&longs;qui&longs;itione nihil prætermi&longs;it. </s> <s>Omnia tentauit naturæ ue <lb/>&longs;tigia lu&longs;trans et repetens. </s> <s>paria quidem paribus/recta fle/ <lb/>xis/prompta &longs;ubob&longs;curioribus permi&longs;cendo intuebatur an <lb/>te qua&longs;i ex maris feminæque connubio tertium quippiam <lb/>oborietur: quod faceret ad &longs;pem in&longs;tituti officii: neque de <lb/>&longs;titit etiam in minuti&longs;&longs;imis iterum atque iterum con&longs;ide/ <lb/>ra&longs;&longs;e partes &longs;ingulas/qui dextra &longs;ini&longs;tris/&longs;tantia <expan abbr="iac&etilde;tibu&longs;/">iacentibu&longs;/</expan> <lb/>proxima di&longs;tantibus <expan abbr="conuenir&etilde;t/">conuenirent/</expan> adiunxit/ detraxit/æqua <lb/>uit maiora minoribus/&longs;imilia di&longs;&longs;imilibus/prima ultimis <lb/>quoad compertum fecit. </s> <s>Laudari aliud in his/que ad uetu <lb/>&longs;tatem perferendam qua&longs;i &longs;tataria con&longs;tituerentur: aliud in <lb/>his quæ nullam æque ad rem atque ad uenu&longs;tatem fabrica/ <lb/>rentur. </s> <s>Hæc illi. </s> <s>Itália tum primum pro <expan abbr="ĩnata">innata</expan> frugalitate <pb/>&longs;ic &longs;tatuebat/ in ædificio non &longs;ec<gap/>, atque <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> animante conueni <lb/>re. </s> <s>Nam puta <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> equo &longs;entiebat illa <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> ad quos u&longs;us eiu&longs; <lb/><expan abbr="figurã">figuram</expan> <expan abbr="m&etilde;brorũ">membrorum</expan> <expan abbr="cõprobes">comprobes</expan> raro fieri qn eos ip&longs;os ad u&longs;us id <lb/>animans commodi&longs;&longs;imum &longs;it: et gratiam &longs;ormæ peride pu <lb/>tabat ab expetita u&longs;us commoditate <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> exclu&longs;am aut <gap/>e <lb/>iunctam inueniri. </s> <s>Sed parto imperio gentium cum non mi<lb/>nore <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> græcia ornandæ urbis &longs;tudio et &longs;ui flagraret. </s> <s><expan abbr="Annũ">Annum</expan> <lb/>ante trige&longs;imum quæ fuerat omnium pulcherrima in uibe <lb/>domus cente&longs;imum non obtinuit locum: cumque incredibili <lb/>ingeniorum copia qui in ea re exercerentur abundaret: &longs;ep <lb/>tinge<gap/>tos inuenio romæ una fui&longs;&longs;e architectos: quorum ope <lb/>ra uix &longs;atis pro eorum meritis laudamus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cũque">Cunque</expan> imperii uires <lb/>&longs;ati&longs; quæ ad omnem admirationem <expan abbr="facer&etilde;t">facerent</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;uppeditar&etilde;t">&longs;uppeditarent</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Tacium quendam referunt priuata impen&longs;a termas dona&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ho&longs;tien&longs;ibus centum a&longs;tructas columnis numidicis <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> hæc <lb/>ita e&longs;&longs;ent: placuit regum potenti&longs;&longs;imorum <expan abbr="amplitudinũ">amplitudinum</expan> cum <lb/>uetere frugalitate coniungere: ita ut neque par&longs;imonia utili <lb/>tati detraheret/neque utilitas opibus parceret. </s> <s>In utri&longs;que <expan abbr="aũt">aunt</expan> <lb/>quicquid ad lautitiem uenu&longs;tatemque u&longs;piam excogitaii po&longs; <lb/>&longs;it adiungeretur. </s> <s>Cæterum ædificandorum operum cura <gap/><lb/>tudine nu&longs;quam intermi&longs;&longs;a ita di&longs;cu&longs;&longs;am reddidit <expan abbr="ait&etilde;">aitem</expan> hac <lb/>ædificatoriam: ut nihil haberet ea quidem tam recoditum/ <lb/>tam latens/tam penitus ab&longs;tru&longs;um/ quod non indagaretur <lb/>eliceret/in mediumque produceret/uolentibus diis/arteque <lb/>ip&longs;a minime repugnante. </s> <s>Nam quom in italia uetus ha<gap/>e/ <lb/>ret <expan abbr="ho&longs;pitiũ">ho&longs;pitium</expan> ar&longs; ædificatoria præ&longs;ertim apud ethru&longs;cos: quo <lb/>rum præter ilia regum miracula quæ leguntur: la<gap/><lb/>et &longs;epulchrorum peruetu&longs;ta et probati&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="extãt">extant</expan> litteris tra <lb/>dita ternplorum ædificandorum <expan abbr="monim&etilde;ta/quibus">monimenta/quibus</expan> uetus etbru <lb/>ria utebatur/quom <expan abbr="inquã">inquam</expan> uetus haberet ho&longs;pitium i italia: <lb/>quomque intelligeret tantope expeti &longs;e&longs;e: ui&longs;a e&longs;t ars hac pro <lb/>uiribus præ&longs;tare ut orbis impium quod cæteræ <expan abbr="om&etilde;s">omens</expan> <gap/><lb/>tes hone&longs;ta&longs;&longs;ent: &longs;uis etiam ornamentis multo redderet ad <lb/>mirabilius. </s> <s>Ergo &longs;e&longs;e penitus no&longs;cendam habenaamquod præ <pb/>buit. </s> <s>Turpe nimirum ducens arcem orbis atque gentium decus <lb/>æq iari operum gloria ab his/quos omni reliqua uirtutis lau <lb/>de &longs;upera&longs;&longs;et. </s> <s>Et quid hic referam porticus/ <expan abbr="t&etilde;pla">templa</expan> portus/ <lb/>theatra/thermarum que opera gigantea: in quibus <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> admi <lb/>rationis a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt: ut interdum facta quæ coram <expan abbr="intuer&etilde;">intuerem</expan> <lb/>tur periti&longs;&longs;imi exterarum gentium architecti fieri negarent <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Quid <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> non plus dico cloacis faciundis pulchri <lb/>tu line carere non potuerunt: ornamentis u&longs;que adeo delecta <lb/>ti &longs;unt: ut uel eam &longs;olam ob gratiam uires imperii profunde <lb/>re pulcherrimum duxerint: ædificando &longs;cilicet ut <expan abbr="haber&etilde;t">haberent</expan> <lb/>cui apte ornamenta adiungerent. </s> <s>Itaque &longs;uperiorum exemplis/ <lb/>et peritorum monitis/et fi equenti u&longs;u admirabilium operum ef <lb/>ficiundorum ab&longs;oluti&longs;&longs;ima cognitio extat: ex cognitione præ <lb/>cepta probati&longs;&longs;ima deprompta &longs;unt: quæ qui uelint/ quod <lb/>uelle omnes <expan abbr="debemus/nõ">debemus/non</expan> inept<gap/>&longs;&longs;imi ei&longs;e ædificando pror <lb/>&longs;us neglexi&longs;&longs;e nulla ex parte debeant. </s> <s>Ea no<gap/>is pro inita pro<lb/>uintia colligenda/ et pro uiribus ingenii explicanda &longs;unt. <lb/></s> <s>I&longs;tarum rerum præcepta alia uniuer&longs;a omnis ædificii pu chri <lb/>tudinem et ornamenta complectuntur: alia &longs;ingulas paites <lb/><expan abbr="m&etilde;bratim">membratim</expan> pro&longs;equuntur. </s> <s>Prima ex media &longs;unt philo&longs;ophia <lb/>excerpta: et ad artis i&longs;tius modum uiamque <expan abbr="dirig&etilde;dam">dirigendam</expan> et <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>formandam adacta: proxima uero ex cognitione quam di/ <lb/>ximu&longs; ad philo&longs;opbiæ normam ut ita loquar do'a a artis &longs;e <lb/>riem produxere. </s> <s>Dicam prius de his quæ magis artem &longs;api <lb/>unt alteris quæ uniuer&longs;am rem præhendant utar pro epilo/ <lb/>go. </s> <s>Quæ in rebas pulcherrimis et ornati&longs;&longs;imis placeant: ea <lb/>q iide aut ex ingenii comento et rationibus aut ex artificis <lb/>manu deueniunt: aut a natura rebus ip&longs;is <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;&longs;a">immi&longs;&longs;a</expan> &longs;unt. </s> <s>Inge <lb/>nu erit electio/di&longs;tributio/collocatio/et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;mõi">eiu&longs;moni</expan> quæ opi <lb/>afferant dignitatem. </s> <s>Manus erit aceruatio/affictio/ ampu <lb/>tatio/circuci&longs;io/expolitio/ et generis <expan abbr="eiu&longs;u&etilde;">eiu&longs;uem</expan> quæ operi af <lb/>ferant <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan>. </s> <s>Rebus a natura a&longs;cita <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> grauitas/ leuitas/ <lb/>den&longs;ita<gap/>/puritas. </s> <s>Contra uetu&longs;tatem uirtus et &longs;imilia: quæ <lb/>operi affcrunt <expan abbr="admiration&etilde;">admirationem</expan>. </s> <s>Tria hæc partibus pro cuiu&longs;que<pb/>u&longs;u et munere accomodanda &longs;unt. </s> <s>Partium annotandarom <lb/>multiplex habetur ratio. </s> <s>Sed no&longs; hic delectet ædificium &longs;ic <lb/>partiri/aut per id in quo una conueniunt: aut per id in quo <lb/>di&longs;&longs;imilia &longs;unt omnia ædificia. </s> <s>Primo ex libro <expan abbr="ĩtelleximus">intelleximus</expan> <lb/>deberi ædificio cui uis <expan abbr="regionem/aream/partitiõem/parie">regionem/aream/partitionem/parie</expan> <lb/>tem/tectum apertionem. </s> <s>In his: gitur conueniunt. </s> <s>Diffe <lb/>runt quidem/quod alia &longs;acra: alia prophana: alia publica: alia <lb/>priuata: alia ad nece&longs;&longs;itatem: alia ad <expan abbr="uoluptat&etilde;">uoluptatem</expan> et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;mõ&longs;">eiu&longs;mon&longs;</expan> <lb/>parantur. </s> <s>Ordiamur ab his in quibus conueniunt. </s> <s>Region&longs; <lb/>quidem manus aut ingenium hominis qd po&longs;&longs;it giatiæ aut <lb/>dignitatis aff<gap/>rre/uix &longs;atis con&longs;tat: ni foite illud conferat: <lb/>&longs;i eos imitabimur: qui &longs;uper&longs;titio&longs;a quæ leguntur operum <lb/>miracula excogitarunt: quos tamen uiri prudentes non ui <lb/><expan abbr="tuperãt">tuperant</expan>: &longs;i comoda facere aggre&longs;&longs;i &longs;unt: et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> laudant &longs;i <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> <lb/>non nece&longs;&longs;aria. </s> <s>Merito id <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan>. </s> <s>Quis enim audeat <expan abbr="quicũqueille">quicunque<lb/>ille</expan> &longs;<gap/> &longs;eu Sta&longs;icrates ut refert Plutarchus: &longs;eu Dinocra <lb/>tes ut re&longs;ert Vitruuius: qui ex monte athos Alexandri eff<gap/><lb/>giem facturum &longs;e polliceretur: <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> cuius manu ciuitas a&longs;&longs;ide <lb/>ret milium capax hominum decem A: Nitocrim reginam <lb/>quod eundem ad pagum a&longs;&longs;yriorum tertio inflexum euphratem <lb/>maximis &longs;o&longs;&longs;ionibus multo ambitu appellere coegerit non <lb/>equidem delaudabun.: &longs;i regionem cum muniti&longs;&longs;imam fo&longs; <lb/>&longs;a profind<gap/>tate/tum et ferti<gap/><expan abbr="&longs;&longs;imã">&longs;&longs;imam</expan> aquarum exuberantia red <lb/>diderit. </s> <s>Sed íuuent i&longs;ta reges potenti&longs;&longs;imos. </s> <s><expan abbr="lungãt">lungant</expan> maria <lb/>maribus pro&longs;ci&longs;&longs;o &longs;patio quod inter utrunque &longs;it. </s> <s>Coæquent <lb/>montes uallib is: Faciant nouas in&longs;ulas: re&longs;tituantque rui &longs;us <lb/>in&longs;ulas continenti: nihil <expan abbr="relinquãt">relinquant</expan> aliis: quo &longs;e po&longs;&longs;int imi <lb/>tari: eoque pacto &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="cõmendent">commendent</expan> po&longs;teritati. </s> <s>Certe quo <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> <lb/>quidem e<gap/>rum opera magis cum utilitate coniuncta: co et ma <lb/>gis probabuntur. </s> <s><expan abbr="A&longs;&longs;ueuerũt">A&longs;&longs;ueuerunt</expan> ueteres afferre dignitatem <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb/>locis et <gap/>s: tum etiam regioni religione. </s> <s><expan abbr="Totã">Totam</expan> &longs;iciliam <lb/>Cereri &longs;acra<gap/>am fui&longs;&longs;e legimus: &longs;ed i&longs;ta <expan abbr="prætereãtur">prætereantur</expan>. </s> <s>Illud <lb/>pplacebit: &longs;i erit <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> regio mirifica re aliqua prædita quæ <lb/>&longs;it raritate &longs;ingularis: uirtute admirabilis: et &longs;uo in genere <pb/>præ&longs;tabilis/uti quidem &longs;i forte cælo erit præ cæteris cmni <lb/>bus miti/ et incredibili æqualitate per&longs;eueranti. </s> <s>Qualis <lb/>apud meroem/ quo loci homines tam uiuant <expan abbr="&qtilde;diu">quadiu</expan> uelint. <lb/></s> <s>Vtique &longs;i feret ea quidem regio aliquid nu&longs;quam ui&longs;um ali <lb/>bi: et generi hominum optabile atque &longs;alutare. </s> <s>Qualis e&longs;t <lb/>quæ &longs;uccinos/cinnamum/bal&longs;amum ue ferat. </s> <s>Vtique &longs;i di <lb/>uina uis aliqua inerit: Qualis &longs;olo eubo&longs;io in&longs;ula quam <expan abbr="oĩ">oim</expan> <lb/>penitus nocuo e&longs;&longs;e immunem ferunt. </s> <s>Aream quando ea qui <lb/>dem pars quota regionis e&longs;t cuncta hæc omnia hone&longs;tabunt <lb/>quæ ornamento regionis conferant: &longs;ed ab rerum natura <lb/>plure&longs; paratiore&longs;que præ&longs;tantur commoditate&longs; quibus area <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quibus regio reddatur celeberrima: habentur enim quæ <lb/>pa&longs;&longs;im uariam et multiplicem admirationem &longs;ui præbeant <lb/>promontoria petræ/uerrucæ/auerni/ antra/fontes/et eiu&longs; <lb/>modi: quibus <expan abbr="admiratiõis">admirationis</expan> cau&longs;a ædifica&longs;&longs;e præ&longs;tet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> alibi. <lb/></s> <s>Neque de&longs;unt ueteris alicuius memoriæ ue&longs;tigia: <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> quibus <lb/>et tempora et rerum hominumque conditio attulerit quod ocu <lb/>los mente&longs;que moueat cum admiratione. </s> <s>Mitto illa. </s> <s>Et <expan abbr="locũ">locum</expan> <lb/>ubi troia fuit: et campos cruore madentes leuticos/tra&longs;ime <lb/>nos/et mille huiu&longs;modi. </s> <s><expan abbr="Hominũ">Hominum</expan> uero manus et <expan abbr="ingeniũ">ingenium</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> multa ad eam rem conferant/non facile dixerim. </s> <s>Mitto <lb/>cætera quæ faciliora &longs;unt. </s> <s>Platanos per mare u&longs;que in in&longs;u <lb/>lam Diomedi&longs; aduecta&longs; areæ condecorandæ gratia. </s> <s>Et a ma <lb/>ximis uiris po&longs;itas <expan abbr="colũnas/">colunnas/</expan> obeli&longs;cos arbores/quæ po&longs;teri <lb/><expan abbr="ueneren&ttilde;">uenerentur</expan>. </s> <s>Quali&longs; apud <expan abbr="arc&etilde;">arcem</expan> atheni&longs; diu &longs;tetit olea a <expan abbr="Neptũ">Neptum</expan> <lb/>no et Minerua po&longs;ita. </s> <s>Mitto et multo aeuo &longs;eruatas et a ma <lb/>ioribus po&longs;teritati p manus traditas res. </s> <s>Qualis apud che/ <lb/>bron therobyntus: quam a principio mundi ad Io&longs;epbi hi&longs;to <lb/>rici tempora dura&longs;&longs;e ferunt. </s> <s>Illud pulcherrime faciet ad <expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> <lb/>maiorem imodum hone&longs;tan am: commentum quidem ele <lb/>gans at que pera&longs;tutum: quod lege prohibuere/nequis mas <lb/>templum Bonæ deæ/ne ue in ædem Dianæ ad porticum pa <lb/>triciam ingrederetur. </s> <s>Et apud tanagram/nequa mulier eu <lb/>no&longs;ti <expan abbr="lucũ">lucum</expan>: ne ue item interiora <expan abbr="t&etilde;pli">templi</expan> ieru&longs;alem penetrare<gap/><pb/>tum et nequis ni&longs;i &longs;acerdos et &longs;acrificii tantum gratia ex fo <lb/>te apud panthos ablueretur. </s> <s>Nequis doliolis loco apud clo <lb/>acam romæ <expan abbr="maximã">maximam</expan> ubi o&longs;&longs;a Pompilii regis &longs;int di&longs;puat. <lb/></s> <s>Tum et aliquot &longs;acellis in&longs;erip&longs;ere ne quod &longs;cortum adhi/ <lb/>beatur. </s> <s>Sacellum Dianæ <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> creta ni&longs;i pedibus nudis fas erat <lb/>ingredi. </s> <s>Et ancillam in aedem Matutæ admittere non lice <lb/>bat: Apud rhodios templum Oridionis preco: Apud thene <lb/>dum tybicen templum Temnii non ingrediebatur. </s> <s>Ex lo/ <lb/>uis Alfi&longs;tii <expan abbr="t&etilde;plo">templo</expan> egredi fas non erat/ni prius &longs;acrifica&longs;&longs;et. <lb/></s> <s>Athenis <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="aed&etilde;">aedem</expan> Palladis: et thebis <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="aed&etilde;">aedem</expan> Veneri&longs; <expan abbr="hederã">hederam</expan> in <lb/>ferre <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> licebat. </s> <s>In <expan abbr="t&etilde;plo">templo</expan> faunæ <expan abbr="uinũ">uinum</expan> ne licebat <expan abbr="qd&etilde;">qdem</expan> <expan abbr="noĩnare">noinnare</expan> <lb/>Atque in&longs;tituere ne porta ianualis romæ unquam claudere <lb/>tur ni&longs;i quom e&longs;&longs;et bellum: ne ue templum Iani aperiretur <lb/>tur quom e&longs;&longs;et pax. </s> <s>Aedemque Hortæ perpetuo aper/ <lb/>tam e&longs;&longs;e uoluere. </s> <s>Haec nos &longs;i quid erit ut imitari in&longs;titua/ <lb/>mus/ forta&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="cõdicet">condicet</expan> &longs;i indictum &longs;it/ ne templa martyrum <lb/>mulier: et uirginum dearum uiri non ingrediantur. </s> <s>Illud <lb/>præterea <expan abbr="per&qtilde;digni&longs;&longs;imum">perquadigni&longs;&longs;imum</expan> e&longs;t modo fiat hominum <expan abbr="ĩgenio">ingenio</expan> <lb/>quod factum quom legimus minus crederemns: ni per hæc <lb/>tempora locis nonnul&longs;is &longs;imilia uideremus. </s> <s>Sunt qui <expan abbr="dicãt">dicant</expan> <lb/>hominum effectum arte: ut bi&longs;antio &longs;erpentes neminem læ <lb/>dant: graculique illue intra moenia non peruolent. </s> <s>Et in <lb/>agro neapolitano cicadæ non <expan abbr="audiãtur">audiantur</expan>. </s> <s>Auem creta <expan abbr="noctuã">noctuam</expan> <lb/>non ferat. </s> <s>Aedem Achillis in in&longs;ula bori&longs;tene auis nulla in <lb/>fe&longs;tarit. </s> <s>Romæ foro boario ædem Herculis nec mu&longs;ca intra <lb/>rit nec canis. </s> <s>Quid illud quod per hæc tempora uenetiis pu/ <lb/>blica cen&longs;orum tecta nullum genus mu&longs;carum &longs;ubit. </s> <s>Et apud <lb/>tolletum macello publico non plus unam toto anno uide/ <lb/>bis <expan abbr="mu&longs;cã/">mu&longs;can/</expan> et eam quidem in&longs;igni albed. <gap/>e notabilem. </s> <s>Ta <lb/>lia complurima quæ leguntur longum e&longs;&longs;et pro&longs;equi. </s> <s>et ea <lb/>quidem arte ne an potius natura &longs;uapte fiant/ non &longs;atis ha/ <lb/>beo quid referam. </s> <s>Quid tum? </s> <s>Et qua natura id fiat arte <lb/>quod aiunt. </s> <s>Ex tumulo regis bibrie ponti laurum extare<gap/><lb/>a quo &longs;i quid decerptum inferatur in nauim/iurgia illie ne <pb/><expan abbr="ce&longs;&longs;&etilde;t">ce&longs;&longs;ent</expan> donec <expan abbr="abicia&ttilde;">abiciatur</expan>. </s> <s>In fano Veneris apud paplos <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> ara <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>pluere. </s> <s>Apud <expan abbr="troad&etilde;">troadem</expan> circa &longs;imulachrum Min<gap/>ruæ relicta &longs;a <lb/>crificia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> putre&longs;cere. </s> <s>Ex tumulo Antei &longs;i qd <gap/><expan abbr="utũ">utum</expan> &longs;it<gap/>m/ <lb/>bres e cælo &longs;pargi/donec effo&longs;&longs;a <expan abbr="replean&ttilde;">repleantur</expan>. </s> <s>Sed &longs;unt qui hæc <lb/><expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> fieri po&longs;&longs;e affirmant aite: Iam <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <expan abbr="prid&etilde;">pridem</expan> ob&longs;oleta ima <lb/><expan abbr="ginũ/quas">ginun/quas</expan> a&longs;tronomi &longs;ibi non ignotas e&longs;&longs;e profitentur. </s> <s>Ex <lb/>eo qui Apollonii uitam &longs;erip&longs;it memini ad regiam ba&longs;ili/ <lb/>cam apud babylonem magos tecto alliga&longs;&longs;e alites aureas <lb/>quartuor: quas illi deorum linguas nuncupabant: habui&longs;&longs;e <lb/>quidem uim/ut animos multitudinis ad regis amorem con <lb/>ciliarent. </s> <s>Tum et grauis auctor lo&longs;ephus a te&longs;tatur Elia/ <lb/>zarum &longs;e quendam uidi&longs;&longs;e/qui Ve&longs;pa&longs;iano &longs;pectante et fi <lb/>lus anulo ad nares Maniaci adacto/eum eue&longs;tigio libera/ <lb/>ret: prorofiteturque Salomonem in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e carmina/quibus <lb/>egritudines mitigentur. </s> <s>Et Serapis inquit Eu&longs;ebius pam/ <lb/>phylus apud aegyptios/quem nos Plutonem dicimus &longs;im/ <lb/>bola edidit/quious demones expellantur: docuitque quo <lb/>pacto demones a&longs;&longs;umpta brutorum figura in&longs;ultent. </s> <s>Et <lb/>Seruius &longs;olitos refert homines certis con&longs;ecrationibus mu <lb/>niri aduer&longs;us fortunæ <expan abbr="impetũ">impetum</expan>: ne ue mori quidem ni&longs;i illa <lb/>con&longs;ecratione exauctorati po&longs;&longs;ent. </s> <s>Hæc &longs;i ita &longs;unt/ facile <lb/>adducar ut <expan abbr="credã">credam</expan> quod ex Plutarcho legimur. </s> <s><expan abbr="Simulachrũ">Simulachrum</expan> <lb/>apud peleneos fui&longs;&longs;e/quod a &longs;acerdote amotum a templo/ <lb/>quoquo uer&longs;us &longs;pecta&longs;let omnia terrore et maxima peitur/ <lb/>batione conficiebat: quod ue oculi nulli poterant pre timo <lb/>re intueri. </s> <s>Sed dicta hæc &longs;int animi gratia. </s> <s>Cætera quæ ge <lb/>neratim ad aream hone&longs;tandam faciant: uti e&longs;t ambitus/cir <lb/><expan abbr="cũ&longs;eriptio/aggeratio/complanatio/&longs;tabilitio/et">cun&longs;eriptio/aggeratio/complanatio/&longs;tabilitio/et</expan> eiu&longs;modi <lb/>non habeo quid amplius dicam/ni&longs;i ut ea ex primo et item <lb/>ex tertio &longs;uperioribus libris repetas. </s> <s>Hone&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima quidem <lb/>erit quæ uti admonuimus &longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima æquabilis con&longs;olida/ <lb/>taque lit <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ad rem cui &longs;eruire oporteat apti&longs;&longs;ima atque expe <lb/>diti&longs;&longs;ima/ egregieque confert/ &longs;i erit in&longs;tiata ope eru&longs;taceo: <lb/>de quo mox dicemus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> de pariete tractabimus. </s> <s>Hoc etiam <pb/>&longs;aciet ad rem quod monebat Plato dignioiem futuram lo<gap/><lb/>auctoritatem/&longs;i ei nomen &longs;plendidi&longs;&longs;imum impo&longs;ueri<gap/><lb/>argumentum placui&longs;&longs;e Adriano principi indicio &longs;unt lieu&longs; <lb/>canopeius/academia/ tempe/ et clari&longs;&longs;ima ciu&longs;modi <gap/>mi <lb/>na ab &longs;e cenaculis uillæ <gap/>yburtinæ impo&longs;ita. </s> <s>Partitio item <lb/>et &longs;i magna ex parte primo libro tractata &longs;<gap/>: de ea tam<gap/> &longs;ic <lb/>breui&longs;&longs;ime repetemus. </s> <s>In re omni primar<gap/>m ornamentum <lb/>e&longs;t carere omni indecentia. </s> <s>Erit igitur decens partitio quæ <lb/>&longs;it non interrupta/non confu&longs;a/non perturbata/non di&longs;&longs;o <lb/>luta/non ex male conuenientibus compacta: eritque mem <lb/>biis non nimium multis/non nimium minutis/non <expan abbr="nimiũ">nimium</expan> <lb/>ua&longs;tis/non nimium di&longs;&longs;onis atque deformibus/non qua&longs;i a <lb/>cætero corpore diuul&longs;is et di&longs;&longs;ipatis: &longs;ed erunt omnia pro <lb/>natura et utilitate et tractatione rerum agendarum ita di&longs;&longs;i <lb/>nita/ita <expan abbr="explicata/ordine/numero/amplitudĩe/collocatio">explicata/ordine/numero/amplitudine/collocatio</expan> <lb/>ne/forma: ut nullam partem totius operis &longs;ine aliqua nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;itate/&longs;ine multa commoditate/&longs;ine grati&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="ptiũ">ptium</expan> con/ <lb/>cinnitate effectam intelligamus. </s> <s>Nam cum his quidem &longs;i <lb/>bene conuenerit partrtio omnis: illic ornamentoium <expan abbr="iucũ">iucum</expan> <lb/>ditas et decor cum recte con&longs;tabit: tum clarius cluce&longs;cet. <lb/></s> <s>Si non conuenerit: nullam proculdubio &longs;eruare <expan abbr="dignitar&etilde;">dignitarem</expan> <lb/>poterit. </s> <s>Itaque totam con&longs;oimationem membiorum didu <lb/>ctam et perfectam e&longs;&longs;e oportet ad con&longs;en&longs;um <expan abbr="quendã">quendam</expan> nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;itatis et <expan abbr="cõmoditatis">commoditatis</expan>: ut <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> ade&longs;&longs;o has atque alteras ha&longs;ce <lb/>ptes iuuet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> i&longs;tas ip&longs;as i&longs;tic i&longs;tocque ordine &longs;itu/adiunct<gap/>/ <lb/><expan abbr="collocatione/cõformationeque">collocatione/conformationeque</expan> ip&longs;a <expan abbr="ead&etilde;">eadem</expan> qua <expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> po&longs;itas e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>egregie conferat. </s> <s>Circa parietem atque tectum <expan abbr="exornãdum">exornandum</expan> <lb/>pluribus tibi erit locus: u<gap/>i rari&longs;&longs;ima naturæ munera et ar <lb/>tis peritiam et artificis di<gap/><expan abbr="g&etilde;tiam">gentiam</expan> ingenuque uim explices. <lb/></s> <s>Quod &longs;i forte dabitur facultas ut po&longs;&longs;is <expan abbr="ueter&etilde;">ueterem</expan> illum O<gap/>y/ <lb/>rim imitari: quem duo condidi&longs;&longs;e templa ferunt aurea: <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan> <lb/>cæle&longs;ti: alterum regio Ioui. </s> <s>Aut ut po&longs;&longs;is lapide &longs;upia ho/ <lb/>minum opinionem maximo attollere: qualem Semiramis <lb/>a montibus deuexit arabiæ: <expan abbr="Latũ">Latum</expan> quoque uei&longs;us cubitos. </s> <s>xx. <pb/>longum ad. </s> <s>el. </s> <s>Aut &longs;i tanta dabitur lapidum magnitudo: <lb/>ut ex eo po&longs;&longs;is integram aliquam totius operis partem per <lb/>ficere: qualem ægypto fui&longs;&longs;e &longs;eruut ad templum latonæ &longs;a <lb/>cellum/latum fronte cubitos. </s> <s>xl. </s> <s>unico et integro <expan abbr="exculptũ">exculptum</expan> <lb/>lapide: altero<gap/> item unico contectum lapide. </s> <s>Profecto id <lb/>quidem operi multum afferet admiracionis coque magis &longs;i <lb/>pegrinus difficili<gap/> &longs;it deuectus uia: <expan abbr="qual&etilde;">qualem</expan> &longs;eribit Herodo <lb/>tus ab <expan abbr="elephãto">elephanto</expan> oppido <expan abbr="petitũ">petitum</expan> fronte <expan abbr="latũ">latum</expan> cubitos plus. </s> <s>xx. <lb/></s> <s>altum. </s> <s>xv. </s> <s>tractum u&longs;<gap/> &longs;ui itinere dierum. </s> <s>xx.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Ad rationes etiam ornamentorum egregie pertinebit: &longs;i di <lb/>gnus admiratione qui uis lapis loco erit po&longs;itus nobili atque<lb/>in&longs;igni. </s> <s>Apud chennim in&longs;ulam in ægypto <expan abbr="&longs;acellũ">&longs;acellum</expan> illic no <lb/>tam <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> quidem mitabile quod unico &longs;it tectum <expan abbr="lapide/&qtilde;">lapide/quae</expan> quod pa <lb/>rietibus tam altis tantorum cubitorum lapis impo&longs;itus &longs;it. <lb/></s> <s>Afferet etiam ornamentum ip&longs;ius lapidis raritas atque ele <lb/><expan abbr="gãtia">gantia</expan>: pata &longs;i erit ex genere marmoris: quo ædem fortunæ <lb/>aurea in domo &longs;truxi&longs;&longs;e principem neronem ferunt: puro/ <lb/>candido / tralucido: ut etiam nullis adapertis foribus in/ <lb/>tus e&longs;&longs;e lux inclu&longs;a uideretur. </s> <s>Denique i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnia <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>ferent. </s> <s>Sed qualiacunque i&longs;ta quidem &longs;int inepta erunt: ni ac <lb/>curatus in componendo <expan abbr="&longs;erue&ttilde;">&longs;eruetur</expan> ordo et modus. </s> <s>Singula <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> <lb/>ad numeium redigenda &longs;unt omnia ut paribus paria: dex/ <lb/>t<gap/>a &longs;ini&longs;tris: &longs;umma infimis re&longs;pondeant: nihil <expan abbr="intermi&longs;c&etilde;">intermi&longs;cem</expan> <lb/>dum quod perturbet aut res aut ordines. </s> <s>Omnia ad certos <lb/>angulos paribus lineis adæquanda. </s> <s>Videre quidem licet <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> <lb/>interdum ignobilis materia quod arte tractata &longs;it plus afferat <lb/>gratiæ <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> afferat nobilis alibi <expan abbr="cõfu&longs;e">confu&longs;e</expan> aceruata. </s> <s>murum athe/ <lb/>n<gap/> q<gap/>m tumultuario factum opere &longs;eribit Tuchidides <gap/>a <lb/>p<gap/>is etiam &longs;epulchrorum &longs;tatuis/quis ea re <expan abbr="pulchrũ">pulchrum</expan> e&longs;&longs;e af/ <lb/>fu mabit, quod clade &longs;tatuarum refertus &longs;it <gap/> At contra iuuat <lb/><gap/> ru&longs;t<gap/>cani&longs; ueterum ædificiis lapide incerto/minuto ope <lb/><gap/>que conge&longs;titio aceruatos parietes &longs;pectare/ ubi ordinibus <lb/>&longs;tant æquatis coloribus alternatim albo nigroque di&longs;tinetis/ <lb/>quoad pro operis tenuitate amplius nihil de&longs;ideretur. </s> <s>Sed <pb/>hæc forta&longs;&longs;is magis ad eam partem parietis quæ <expan abbr="cru&longs;tatõ">cru&longs;tatom</expan> d: <lb/>citur <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ad perpetuos parietes tollendos pertinet. </s> <s>Cæterum <lb/>omnes ita di&longs;tribuentur copiæ: ut nihil inceptum ni&longs;i ex at <lb/>tis et con&longs;ilii de&longs;tinatione: nihil adactum ni&longs;i ex incepti ra <lb/>tionibus: nihil pro ab&longs;oluto relictum quod ip&longs;um <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> &longs;it <expan abbr="&longs;ũ">&longs;um</expan> <lb/>ma diligentia curaque elaboratum atque per&longs;initum. </s> <s>Sed pri <lb/>marium parietis tectique <expan abbr="ornam&etilde;tum">ornamentum</expan> præ&longs;ertim te&longs;tudinati <lb/>crit: p&longs;a cru&longs;tatio/colum nationem &longs;emper excipio. </s> <s>Ea qui <lb/>dem erit multiplex: albaria pura: albaria in&longs;ignita: picto/ <lb/>ria contabulata/ &longs;ectilis uitrea et quæ ex his partibus <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>&longs;tet mixta. </s> <s>De his nobis di<gap/><expan abbr="ndũ">ndum</expan> quæ &longs;int et quæ fiant. </s> <s>Sed <lb/>quoniam maximorum lapidum mouendorum men lo <gap/><lb/>ta e&longs;t: locus hic admonet: ut prius re&longs;eramus quo pacto tan <lb/>te moles trahantur: atque di&longs;&longs;icillimis locis imponantur. <lb/></s> <s>Refert Plutarchus Archimedem apud &longs;yracu&longs;as per n <expan abbr="ediũ">edium</expan> <lb/>forum traxi&longs;&longs;e onu&longs;tam onerariam nauim qua&longs;i iument<gap/>m <lb/>loro et manu. </s> <s>Mathem athicum ingenium. </s> <s>At nos tantum <lb/>qiæ u&longs;ibus commodentur pro&longs;equemur: po&longs;tremo <expan abbr="ctiã">ctiam</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>nihil explicabimus: ex quo docta et acuta ingernia rem <expan abbr="hãc">hanc</expan> <lb/>haud ob&longs;cure ex &longs;e percipere po&longs;&longs;int. </s> <s>Ex Plinio &longs;ic compe <lb/>rio obeli&longs;cum deuectum thebas a focis fo&longs;&longs;a ex nilo pio. </s> <s>u/ <lb/>cta/&longs;ubmi&longs;&longs;is lapidi nauibus pionis laterculo: moxque exina <lb/>nitis/ut <expan abbr="cõuehendi">conuehendi</expan> lapidis onus <expan abbr="&longs;u&longs;ceptũ">&longs;u&longs;ceptum</expan> <expan abbr="leuar&etilde;t">leuarent</expan>. </s> <s>Ex Amia <lb/>no marcellino hi&longs;torico &longs;ic comperio. </s> <s>Conuectum ex nilo <lb/>obeli&longs;cum naui remigum trecentorum impo&longs;itum uolgiis <lb/>et tractum a tertio urbis lapide porta ho&longs;tien&longs;i in <expan abbr="circũ">circum</expan> ma <lb/>ximum. </s> <s>In coque erigendo multa hominum milia labo<gap/> a&longs;&longs;e: <lb/>toto circo referto machinis alti&longs;&longs;imarum <expan abbr="trabiũ">trabium</expan> et ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imo <lb/><expan abbr="rũ">rum</expan> <expan abbr="funiũ">funium</expan>. </s> <s>Ex Vitruuio legimus <expan abbr="Cre&longs;iphon&etilde;">Cre&longs;iphonem</expan> <expan abbr="patr&etilde;">patrem</expan> et Me/ <lb/><expan abbr="chagen&etilde;">chagenem</expan> <expan abbr="filiũ">filium</expan> <expan abbr="colũnas">colunnas</expan> et epi&longs;tilia duxi&longs;&longs;e eph<gap/>&longs;um a chylin <lb/>dris <expan abbr="cõm&etilde;to">commento</expan> <expan abbr="&longs;ũpto">&longs;umpto</expan> quo <expan abbr="areã">aream</expan> ueteres <expan abbr="cõplanare">complanare</expan> <expan abbr="iubeãt">iubeant</expan>. </s> <s>Affi <lb/>xit <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> et &longs;irmauit <expan abbr="plũbo">plumbo</expan> &longs;ingulis extremis capitibus lapi <lb/><expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> &longs;ingulos acus ferreos porrectos: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> pro axe iotarum<lb/>extarent: rota&longs;que hinc atque hinc axibus i&longs;tiu&longs;modi adegit <pb/>amplitudine tam latas: ut ferreis illis ex axibus lapides ip&longs;i <lb/>penderent: inde uer&longs;atu rotarum motos ac deportatos. </s> <s>Che <lb/>minium ægyotium ferunt in pyramide a&longs;truenda qd e&longs;&longs;et <lb/>opus altum &longs;ladia plus &longs;ex factis aggeribus ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos la/ <lb/>pides apporta&longs;&longs;<gap/>. </s> <s>Cleopam Ra&longs;initæ filium &longs;cribit Herodo <lb/>tus in ea pyramide qua a&longs;truenda centena milia hominum <lb/>annos plures fatiga&longs;&longs;et/gradus extrin&longs;ecus reliqui&longs;&longs;e: quo <lb/>ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imi lapides breuibus tignis et aptis machinis admo/ <lb/>uerentur. </s> <s>Tum et illud mandarunt litteris: alibi lapideos <lb/>ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imos trabes altis columnis fui&longs;&longs;e impo&longs;itos in <expan abbr="modũ">modum</expan> <lb/>hunc. </s> <s>In trabis enim mediam longitudinem duos &longs;ub&longs;titue <lb/>runt tran&longs;uer&longs;os thorulos mutuo contiguos: mox in <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> <lb/>trabis caput <expan abbr="aceruarũt">aceruarunt</expan> &longs;portulas plenas harena: qua pre&longs;&longs;io <lb/>ne caput alterum quod <expan abbr="nudũ">nudum</expan> e&longs;&longs;et alleuaretur: et alter tho <lb/>rulu&longs; pondere imunis relinqueretur tran&longs;latis &longs;ubinde &longs;por <lb/>tulis/inque alterum iam &longs;ublatum caput alternatim coacer/ <lb/>uatis/et thorulis <expan abbr="&longs;ubĩde">&longs;ubinde</expan> altioribus ea parte &longs;ub&longs;titutis/ qua <lb/>immi&longs;&longs;io apertior pateret: a&longs;&longs;ecuti &longs;unt ut &longs;en&longs;im lapis qua <lb/>&longs;i &longs;ua &longs;ponte <expan abbr="con&longs;c&etilde;deret">con&longs;cenderet</expan>: Hæc breui&longs;&longs;ime collecta ab ip&longs;is <lb/>auctoribus prolixius di&longs;cenda linquimus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Cæterũ">Cæterum</expan> pro ope <lb/>ris in&longs;tituto pauca quæ ad rem faciant &longs;uccincte repetenda <lb/>&longs;unt: non hic in&longs;i&longs;to: ut illa explicem <expan abbr="põderi">ponderi</expan> <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> ine&longs;&longs;e <lb/>ut continuo premat: ob&longs;tinate querat inferiora: attolli toti&longs; <lb/>uiribus repugnet: nu&longs;quam cedat loco/ ni&longs;i ut uictor/ aut <lb/>maiori pondere puincente/ aut contraria ui prepotente: neque<lb/>motus e&longs;&longs;e uarios repeto: a centro in <expan abbr="c&etilde;trum/circa">centrum/circa</expan> <expan abbr="centrũ/">centrun/</expan> <lb/>et uehi alia/trahi <expan abbr="alia/ĩpelli">alia/impelli</expan> alia et eiu&longs;modi: de hi&longs;ce di&longs;q <lb/>&longs;itionibus alibi prolixius. </s> <s>Hoc &longs;tet apud nos: <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> <lb/>facilius moueri <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quom de&longs;cendant: &longs;ponte enim <expan abbr="mouen&ttilde;">mouentur</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Nunquam difficilius <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> ubilcon&longs;cendant: natura enim repu <lb/>gnat. </s> <s>Tertium uero quendam atque inter hos medium e&longs;&longs;e <lb/>motum: et forta&longs;&longs;e qui utriu&longs;que horum naturam &longs;apiat: qui <lb/>quidem neque &longs;uapte mouetur: neque ob&longs;equi repugnet: uti <lb/>quom plano et minime impedito trahitur uado. </s> <s>Cæteros <pb/>omnes motus quo huic uel huic proximiores &longs;unt/eo aut &longs;a <lb/>ciliores aut difficiliores e&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Quo autem pacto immania <lb/>pondera moueri po&longs;&longs;int/ ip&longs;a rerum natura multa ex parte <lb/>mon&longs;tra&longs;&longs;e ui&longs;a e&longs;t. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nãque">Nanque</expan> uidere quidem licet quæ &longs;tantem <lb/>in columnam imponantur pondera facili appu&longs;&longs;u porturba <lb/>ri: et cum ad ca&longs;um moueri ceperint nulla ui admodum <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tineri po&longs;&longs;e. </s> <s>Tum et &longs;pectare quidem licet columnas ip&longs;as <lb/>teretes/et orbes rotarum/ et uolubilia facile moueri: ægre <lb/>con&longs;i&longs;tere &longs;i rotentur: eadem &longs;i in&longs;tituas trahere/ ita ut non <lb/>rotentur/non facile per&longs;equi. </s> <s>Tum et in promptu e&longs;t maxi <lb/>ma pondera nauium leui appul&longs;u &longs;tagnantes per aquas mo<lb/>ueri &longs;i trahendo per&longs;eueres. </s> <s>Si uero arietes eas ne maximo <lb/>quidem &longs;ubito quo uelis ictu moueri: et contra ictu repen <lb/>tino concitatoque impul&longs;u quædam moueri. </s> <s>quæ alioquin <lb/>non &longs;ine maxima ponderum ui <expan abbr="dimouer&etilde;tur">dimouerentur</expan>. </s> <s>Supra glacie <lb/>quoque grauia haud <expan abbr="qua&qtilde;">quaquae</expan> repugnanter <expan abbr="trah&etilde;tem">trahentem</expan> &longs;equi. </s> <s>Præ <lb/>longo item quæ pendeant fune alligata aliquot <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> &longs;pa/ <lb/>tium e&longs;&longs;e ad motum prompta per&longs;picimus. </s> <s>I&longs;torum ratio <lb/>nes aduerti&longs;&longs;e atque imita&longs;&longs;e conferet: nos ea &longs;uccincte <expan abbr="trã">tram</expan> <lb/>&longs;igamus. </s> <s>Carina ponderis omnino &longs;olida et coæquabilis &longs;it <lb/>nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t: ea quo erit latior: eo minus obteret &longs;ub&longs;trata ua <lb/>da: quo erit gratilior/co expeditior: &longs;ed &longs;ulcabit uada et ob <lb/>uorabitur. </s> <s>Ad carinam ponderis &longs;i aderunt anguli: utetur <lb/>qua&longs;i unguibus ad uada carpenda atque renitendum. </s> <s>Vada <lb/>&longs;i erunt lubrica/&longs;ub&longs;olidata/æqualia/con&longs;tantia/nu&longs;quam <lb/>cadentia/nu&longs;quam &longs;e&longs;e <expan abbr="attollentia/nu&longs;&qtilde;">attollentia/nu&longs;quae</expan> obfudentia quod <lb/>interpellet: illud proculdubio <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> hababit pondus quod <expan abbr="cõ">com</expan> <lb/>tra certet/aut ob&longs;equi recu&longs;et/præter unum id quod ip&longs;um <lb/>pondus natura &longs;ui quietis amanti&longs;&longs;imum &longs;it: et perinde pi <lb/>grum et moro&longs;um. </s> <s>I&longs;tis &longs;imilia forta&longs;&longs;is intuens Archime <lb/>des et rerum earum quas <expan abbr="rec&etilde;&longs;uimns">recen&longs;uimns</expan> uim altius <expan abbr="repet&etilde;s">repetens</expan> adduci <lb/>ui&longs;us <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan> ut diceret. </s> <s>Si <expan abbr="tãtæ">tantæ</expan> molis <expan abbr="dare&ttilde;">daretur</expan> ba&longs;is: profecto &longs;e <expan abbr="mũdũ">mundum</expan> <lb/>po&longs;&longs;e puertere. </s> <s>In carina <expan abbr="uadoqueparãdo">uadoqueparando</expan> quæ i&longs;tic quærimus <lb/>p <expan abbr="cõmode">commode</expan> a&longs;&longs;equemur. </s> <s>Trabes <expan abbr="enĩ">enim</expan> <expan abbr="in&longs;ternen&ttilde;">in&longs;ternentur</expan> pro poderis u<gap/><pb/>&longs;titate numero atque era&longs;&longs;itudine et robore <expan abbr="frequ&etilde;tes">frequentes</expan> fi<gap/>mi <lb/>coæquales nu&longs;quam &longs;cabri <expan abbr="nu&longs;&qtilde;">nu&longs;quae</expan> iuncturis <expan abbr="ĩterrupti">interrupti</expan> inter ca <lb/>rinam atque uadnm medium quippiam e&longs;&longs;e oportet: quo <lb/>id iter lubricum reddatur. </s> <s>Lubricant &longs;apone aut &longs;epo aut <lb/>amurca/aut madente &longs;orta&longs;&longs;is lotura cretæ. </s> <s>E&longs;t et aliud lu <lb/><expan abbr="bricãdi">bricandi</expan> genus quod fit <expan abbr="chilĩdris">chilindris</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="trã&longs;uer&longs;ũ">tran&longs;uer&longs;um</expan> &longs;ub&longs;titutis. </s> <s>Hic <lb/>&longs;i erunt numero complures/difficile ad lineas equi di&longs;tan <lb/>tes atque di&longs;tinatiores pro itinere agendo directos coapta/ <lb/>buntur: quod omnino nece&longs;&longs;e e&longs;t fieri ne perturbent atque <lb/>&longs;ubradant: pondu&longs;que in alteram partem uehant: &longs;ed una <lb/>con&longs;piratione in officio &longs;ub&longs;equantur. </s> <s>Si <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> numero pau <lb/>ciores: illic quidem aut &longs;ub pondere deficientes fati&longs;cent: <lb/>ac re&longs;oluti remorabuntur: aut qua una linea &longs;ub&longs;tratam ua/ <lb/>di &longs;uperficiem: qua ue altera item una linea &longs;uper <expan abbr="impo&longs;itã">impo&longs;itam</expan> <lb/>ponderis carinam attingunt qua&longs;i acie penetrando infigen <lb/>tur/ atque hærebunt chilindri corpus coæqualibus circulis <lb/>compluribus altero alteris conge&longs;tis. </s> <s>Con&longs;tat et circulum <lb/>apud mathemathicos a&longs;&longs;eritur rectam non po&longs;&longs;e lineam <lb/>puncto plus uno attingere. </s> <s>Hinc nos chilindri aciem appel <lb/>lamus lineam/quam unicam pondus ex clylindro premat. <lb/></s> <s>I&longs;tis prouidebitur materie den&longs;itate/et linearum notatione <lb/>ad normam atque directione. </s> <s>Sed quom præter hæc etiam <lb/>&longs;unt quæ u&longs;u comprobentur. </s> <s>Rotæ/ trocleæ/coclea/atque <lb/>uectes: de his accuratius tractandum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Sunt enim rotæ <lb/>uolgulis multa ex parte &longs;imiles. </s> <s>Semper enim unicum in <lb/>punctum premunt ex <expan abbr="pp&etilde;diculari">ppendiculari</expan>. </s> <s>Sed hoc intere&longs;t quod rotu <lb/>li expeditiores &longs;unt: rotæ axium interfrictione tardantur. <lb/></s> <s>Rotæ partes &longs;unt tris: ambiens extremus ampli&longs;&longs;imus lim <lb/>bus circuli: medius axis: et circulus is in quo axis induca <lb/>tur qua&longs;i in armilla. </s> <s>Id alii forta&longs;&longs;is polum appellarent/ <lb/>nos quod in aliis machinis &longs;tet/ in aliis uero moueat: &longs;i ita <lb/>licet: axeclam nuncupabimus. </s> <s>Rota &longs;i axe uoluetur cra&longs;/ <lb/>&longs;o: durius prolabetur: &longs;i tenui/ pondera non tolerabit. <lb/></s> <s>Rotarum extremus ambitus &longs;i breuis: quod de rotulis di <pb/>ximus in&longs;igitur uado: &longs;i latusuacillat in alterutras partes. <lb/></s> <s>Et &longs;i diuertendum forte in dexteram aut &longs;ini&longs;tram e&longs;t: egre <lb/><expan abbr="obtemperãt">obtemperant</expan>. </s> <s>Axecla &longs;i plus &longs;atis aperta e&longs;t rodendo exitat: <lb/>&longs;i nimium arcta fit <expan abbr="cõtumax">contumax</expan>. </s> <s>Medium inter axem et <expan abbr="axeclã">axeclam</expan> <lb/>lubricum e&longs;&longs;e oportet. </s> <s>Nam horum alter pro uado: alter pro <lb/>carina ponderis e&longs;t. </s> <s>Rotuli et rotæ ex ulmo ilice. </s> <s>Axes aq <lb/>&longs;olio et corno aut potius ferro axecla <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> optima ex ære <lb/>&longs;tagni parte ex tertia <expan abbr="ĩmixta">immixta</expan>. </s> <s>Cicleolæ pu&longs;illæ &longs;unt rotæ. <lb/></s> <s>Vectis radios rotarum &longs;equitur. </s> <s>Sed <expan abbr="i&longs;tiu&longs;mõi">i&longs;tiu&longs;moni</expan> omnia qua <lb/>liacunque &longs;int: &longs;iue &longs;int ingentes rotæ: quas immi&longs;&longs;i <expan abbr="homĩes">homines</expan> <lb/>calcando inuertant: &longs;iue &longs;int erganæ aut cocleæ/ in quibus <lb/>uectis in primis ualet: aut cicleolæ/et quæ uis generis eiu&longs; <lb/>dem: omnium e&longs;t quidem ratio ex principi<gap/>s ducta libræ. <lb/></s> <s>Mercurium ferunt uel maxime ob hancrem diuinum habi <lb/>tum/ quod nullo &longs;igno manus: &longs;ed &longs;olis uerbis quæ diceret ita <lb/>diceret ut plane intelligeretur. </s> <s>Id ego &longs;i uerear po&longs;&longs;e a&longs;&longs;eq <lb/>tamen pro uiribus conabimur. </s> <s>Nam in&longs;titui non ut mathe <lb/>mathicus &longs;ed ueluti faber de his rebus loqui: <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> plus <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> qd <lb/><expan abbr="prætereundũ">prætereundum</expan> non &longs;it. </s> <s>E&longs;to &longs;it inter manus di&longs;cendæ rei gra <lb/>tia iaculum: in eo tris locos uelim con&longs;ideres/quos puncta <lb/>nuncupo. </s> <s>Duo extrema capita <expan abbr="ferrũ">ferrum</expan> atque pynnulas: <expan abbr="tertiũ">tertium</expan> <lb/>e&longs;t medium <expan abbr="amentũ">amentum</expan>. </s> <s>Quæ uero &longs;patia inter <expan abbr="pũcta">puncta</expan> hæc &longs;int <lb/>ab amento ad capita radios nuncupo. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nõ">non</expan> di&longs;puto quid ita <lb/>&longs;it/&longs;ed ip&longs;a res patebit experimento. </s> <s>Nanque &longs;i erit quidem <lb/>amentum tælo &longs;itum medio/et æqualia pynnulis pondera <lb/>re&longs;pondeant ferro: &longs;tabunt &longs;ane alterutra iaculi capita mu <lb/>tuo renitentia et collibrata. </s> <s>Sin erit forta&longs;&longs;is ferratum ca/ <lb/>put grauius peruincentur pynnulæ. </s> <s>Erit t<gap/>men <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> iaculo cer <lb/>tus locus grauiori capiti propinquior: quo &longs;i<gap/>amentum re/ <lb/>duxeris/&longs;e&longs;e pondera ilico acquilibrabunt. </s> <s>Is erit punctus <lb/>ille/a quo maior hic radius <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> exuperat minorem <expan abbr="&qtilde;tũ">quatum</expan> <lb/>minus hoc pondus ab maiore <expan abbr="exupa&ttilde;">exupatur</expan>: <expan abbr="Cõpe">Compe</expan><gap/><expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <gap/>ni fecere q <lb/>i&longs;ta <expan abbr="queritarũt">queritarunt</expan> radios <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pares <expan abbr="põderibus">ponderibus</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pibus ae quaii <lb/><expan abbr="mõ">mom</expan> numeri <expan abbr="partiũ">partium</expan> qui ex radio atque ex <expan abbr="põdere">pondere</expan> una collec<gap/><pb/><expan abbr="&longs;ũt">&longs;unt</expan> in dextra contrarii&longs; talibus in &longs;ini&longs;tram numeris re&longs;pon <lb/>deant. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i erit ferrum tria/pynnulæ duo ab amento ad <lb/>ferrum radius duo &longs;it oportet: et radius alter ad pynnulas tria <lb/>Ex quo <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> hic numerus quinque alteris quinque par <expan abbr="re&longs;põde">re&longs;ponde</expan> <lb/>bit: æquatis radiorum et ponderum rationibus quie&longs;cent æqui <lb/>librati et compares: &longs;i non <expan abbr="re&longs;põdebunt">re&longs;pondebunt</expan> numeri peruincet: <lb/>in quo excedent. </s> <s>Illud non prætereo/ ab eodem amento &longs;i <lb/>pares protendentur radii pares <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> capita mouebuntur aere <lb/>circulos <expan abbr="&longs;ignabũt">&longs;ignabunt</expan> Si uero <expan abbr="ĩpares">impares</expan> quoque et <expan abbr="ĩpares">impares</expan> <expan abbr="de&longs;erib&etilde;t">de&longs;eribent</expan> <lb/>circulos circulis contineri rotas diximus: mon&longs;tratum id/ <lb/>circo e&longs;t &longs;i uno eodemque motu duæ <expan abbr="cõtiguæ">contiguæ</expan> unicum affixæ <lb/>in axem rotæ <expan abbr="mouean&ttilde;">moueantur</expan>: ita ut mota una altera non quie&longs;cat: <lb/>et quie&longs;cente una altera non moueatur ex radiorum in utri&longs;que<lb/>longitudine quæ nam in unaquaque &longs;it uis intelligemus. </s> <s>Ra <lb/>dii longitudinem nota&longs;&longs;e oportet a medio intimi axis pun <lb/>cto. </s> <s>Hæc &longs;i &longs;atis <expan abbr="ĩtelliguntur">intelliguntur</expan> omnis quam quærimus ratio <lb/>buiu&longs;modi machinarum <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> aperto e&longs;t maxime rotarum et uectis. <lb/></s> <s>In trocleis paululum e&longs;t amplius quod con&longs;ideremus. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb/>et traductus per trocleam funis et orbiculi ip&longs;i in troclea pro<lb/>uado &longs;unt: in quo medius quidem &longs;it motus/quem e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="ĩtra">intra</expan> <lb/>difficillimum atque facillimum diximus: quod neque a&longs;cendat <lb/>neque de&longs;cendat: &longs;ed in &longs;uum centrum æquate obin&longs;tet. </s> <s>Atq <lb/>ut intelligas quid &longs;it in re: <expan abbr="&longs;ũmito">&longs;ummito</expan> tibi &longs;tatuam pondo. </s> <s>M. <lb/></s> <s>Hæc &longs;i ex arboris trunco fune illaqueata pendebit/ certum <lb/>e&longs;t/&longs;implicem funem i&longs;tunc mille integra &longs;u&longs;tinere: Adne <lb/>etito ad &longs;tatuam trocleam: et per eam traducito funem quo <lb/>pendebat &longs;tatua: et reducito ad truncum: ut iterato <expan abbr="p&etilde;deat">pendeat</expan>: <lb/>promptum e&longs;t &longs;tatuæ podus duplicato pendere fune: atque <lb/>trocleam per æquilibra medium inter&longs;tringi. </s> <s>Pro&longs;equere <lb/>addito etiam trunco alteram trocleam et per eam &qring;uoque tra <lb/>ducito ip&longs;um funem: quero a te quota erit ponderis portio: <lb/><expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> reducta in <expan abbr="altũ">altum</expan> et mox traducta pars funis &longs;u&longs;tinebit? <lb/></s> <s>quingenta inquies. </s> <s><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tu exinde intelligis <expan abbr="&longs;ecũde">&longs;ecunde</expan> huic tro <lb/>cleæ dari pondus non po&longs;&longs;e maius ab fune ip&longs;o <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> quod b<gap/><pb/>beat. </s> <s>Habebit ergo. </s> <s>V. non longius progrediar. </s> <s>Hucu&longs;que<lb/>&longs;atis mon&longs;tratum puto diuidi pondus trocleis: exindeque <lb/>maiora moueri pondera minore. </s> <s>Quot enim <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> i&longs;tiu&longs;mo <lb/>di conduplicationes: tot erunt ponderis di&longs;partitiones: ex <lb/>quo illud &longs;equitur/ ut quo plures adhibeantur orbiculi: eo <lb/>pondus qua&longs;i conci&longs;um et in partes di&longs;gregatum <expan abbr="cõmodiu&longs;">commodiu&longs;</expan> <lb/>tractetur. </s> <s>Diximus de rota et troclea et uecte. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nũc">Nunc</expan> uelim <lb/>intelligas cocleam con&longs;tare anulis: qui quidem in &longs;e <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> <lb/>&longs;u&longs;tinendum &longs;u&longs;cipiant. </s> <s>Hi anuli &longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent integri et <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ita <lb/>cæ&longs;i/ut finis unius alteriu&longs; principio iungeretur/procul<gap/>u <lb/>bio motum in eis pondus neque a&longs;cenderet neque de&longs;cenderet: <lb/>&longs;ed æquabili uado per cycli ambitum traberetur. </s> <s>Cogitur <lb/>igitur ui uectis pondus per anuli obliquitates labi. </s> <s>Rur&longs;us <lb/>&longs;i e&longs;&longs;ent hi quidem anuil ambitu perpu&longs;illi: et centro fini/ <lb/>timi nimirum uecte breuiore <expan abbr="põdus/">pondus/</expan> et uiribus leuioribus <lb/>moueretur. </s> <s>Hic non reticebo quid me dicturum non puta <lb/>ui. </s> <s>Tu &longs;i rem ita parabis/ut ponderis carina quoad id ma/ <lb/>nus et fabri ars po&longs;&longs;it a&longs;&longs;equi/ &longs;it <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> amplior puncto. </s> <s>et &longs;ta <lb/>bili in uado/ita moueatur: ut motu &longs;uo lineas in uado effi <lb/>ciat nullas. </s> <s>Hoc te&longs;tor Archimedis nauim mouebis et i&longs;ti <lb/>u&longs;modi que uoles con&longs;equeris. </s> <s>Sed de his alibi. </s> <s><expan abbr="Harũ">Harum</expan> <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> <lb/>quas recen&longs;uimus &longs;ingulæ per &longs;e ad pondus mouendum ua <lb/>lidi&longs;&longs;imæ &longs;unt. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i una omnes iungentur in unum mi <lb/>rifice'ualebunt. </s> <s>Apud germanos pa&longs;&longs;im <expan abbr="off&etilde;des">offendes</expan> <expan abbr="ludibũdã">ludibundam</expan> <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <lb/>glacie <expan abbr="iuu&etilde;tut&etilde;">iuuentutem</expan> &longs;occulo ferreo gracili et &longs;ubterleuigato ini <lb/>xam facto impul&longs;u leui te&longs;te lubricitate &longs;uperlabi tanta mo <lb/>tus uelocitate: ut ne uinci quidem &longs;e a præpete alite patia <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Sed quom pondera aut trabantur/ aut pellantur/ aut <lb/>uebantur: forta&longs;&longs;is erit ut &longs;ic po&longs;&longs;imus diffinire. </s> <s>Pondera <lb/>quidem trabi fune: pelli uecte: uebi rotis: et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;mõi">eiu&longs;moni</expan>. </s> <s>Quo <lb/>autem pacto his una omnibus po&longs;&longs;umus uti <expan abbr="ĩpromptu">impromptu</expan> e&longs;t. <lb/></s> <s>Sed in i&longs;tiu&longs;modi omnibus ade&longs;&longs;e oportet con&longs;tans et obfir <lb/>mati&longs;&longs;imum aliquid: quo immoto catera moueantur. </s> <s>Id &longs;i <lb/>trabetur <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan>: ad&longs;it oportet maius aliud aliquod ponous <pb/>cui uincula machinarum <expan abbr="cõmendentur">commendentur</expan>: &longs;i tale <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> aderit pon <lb/>dus: clauum ferreum tricubitum ualidum infigito funditu&longs; <lb/>in &longs;olum den&longs;atum/aut tra&longs;uer&longs;is <expan abbr="trũcis">truncis</expan> obfirmatum ad ex <lb/>tremum claui caput/quod ab &longs;olo emineat/uincla aduolui <lb/>to trallearum atque erganæ. </s> <s>Si autem erit &longs;olum hareno&longs;um pro <lb/>&longs;ternito trabes prælongos integros: in quibus uada <expan abbr="coapt&etilde;">coaptem</expan> <lb/>tur: et capitibus <expan abbr="uĩcla">uincla</expan> ad clauum alligato: Dicam quod im <lb/>periti non a&longs;&longs;entiantur: ni totam rem intellexerint: duo &longs;i <lb/>mul <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> trabentur per planum <expan abbr="põdera">pondera</expan> <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> &longs;olum <expan abbr="unũ">unum</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Id fiet &longs;ic moto primo pondere u&longs;que ad extremum &longs;ub&longs;trati <lb/>uadi caput impediam: id cuneolis quoad <expan abbr="præfirmatũ">præfirmatum</expan> hære <lb/>at: et machinam quam &longs;ecundum <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> <expan abbr="trahendũ">trahendum</expan> &longs;it: huic <lb/>ita compedito accingam: fiet ut eodem uado per <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> &longs;ed <lb/>mobile ab altero pari &longs;ed refirmato peruincatur. </s> <s>Si <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> altum <lb/>trabendum erit pondus/ comodi&longs;&longs;ime utemur trabe unico <lb/>aut malo nauis minime imbecillo. </s> <s>Hunc &longs;i <expan abbr="erigemus/calc&etilde;">erigemus/calcem</expan> <lb/>firmabimus ad <expan abbr="clauũ">clauum</expan>: aut &longs;tabile aliud quid uis. </s> <s>Extremo <lb/>capiti funes <expan abbr="alligabun&ttilde;/ne">alligabuntur/ne</expan> minus tres: unus <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> <expan abbr="dextrã/">dextran/</expan> alius <lb/>in &longs;ini&longs;tram/tertius per trabis longitudinem obtendetur in <lb/>productum. </s> <s>Inde &longs;patium aliquod ab calce mali trocleæ er <lb/>gana ue firmabitur in &longs;olo: et per eas di&longs;tentus is &longs;unis tra/ <lb/>hetur: trabentem &longs;equetur &longs;e&longs;e capite attollens malus. </s> <s>eum <lb/>nos funibus illis geminis capiti alligatis hinc atque hic qua <lb/>&longs;i loris moderabimur: ut quoad uelimus &longs;tet: et in partem <lb/>qua opus &longs;it pendeat ad onus <expan abbr="pon&etilde;dum">ponendum</expan>. </s> <s>Laterales <gap/>ti binc <lb/>atque hinc funes &longs;i alia maiora non aderunt pondera quibus <lb/>comendentur hunc in modum firmabuntur. </s> <s>Effodietur <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> pro<lb/>fundum fo&longs;&longs;a quadrata: truncus in medio fundo &longs;ternetur: <lb/>huic uincla adnectentur ut ab &longs;olo emineat &longs;ur&longs;um. </s> <s>In trun <lb/>cum tran&longs;uer&longs;i &longs;uperin&longs;ternentur plute<gap/>: mox complebitur <lb/>fo&longs;&longs;a terra et den&longs;abitur. </s> <s>Tum &longs;i madefeceris fiet grauior: <lb/>cætera omnia <expan abbr="expedi&etilde;tur">expedientur</expan> uti in planorum uadis diximus. </s> <s>Ad <lb/>caput enim trabis et ip&longs;um ad pondus tralleæ adigentur: et <lb/>propter pedem ergana firmabitur: aut qd uis eiu&longs;modi in <pb/>quo uis uectis in&longs;it. </s> <s>In hi&longs;ce omnibus ad <expan abbr="u&longs;ũ">u&longs;um</expan> operis &longs;eruan <lb/>da hæc &longs;unt/ut ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;imis ponderibus <expan abbr="mou&etilde;dis">mouendis</expan> media i&longs;t<gap/><lb/>u&longs;modi adhibeantur non minuta aut inualida <expan abbr="lõgitudo">longitudo</expan> in <lb/>fune inque radio inque omni quo ad <expan abbr="mou&etilde;dum">mouendum</expan> utamur medio <lb/>qd <expan abbr="imbecillitat&etilde;">imbecillitatem</expan> &longs;apit. </s> <s>Nam e&longs;t <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> <expan abbr="lõgitudo">longitudo</expan> natura &longs;ui <lb/>coniuncta gracilitati: et contra ex breuitate cra&longs;&longs;itudo red <lb/>ditur. </s> <s>Si erunt funes tenues <expan abbr="conduplic&etilde;tur">conduplicentur</expan> cicleolis. </s> <s>Si ua <lb/>&longs;tiores &longs;int/quoque et cicleolæ grandes &longs;ubigantur: ne minu <lb/>ti circuli acumine funis <expan abbr="inter&longs;ec&etilde;tur">inter&longs;ecentur</expan>: axes immittantur fer <lb/>rei cra&longs;&longs;i/ut &longs;int ex &longs;uæ cicleolæ &longs;emidiametro ne minus <lb/>parte &longs;exta: ne plus ex totius diametri parte octaua. </s> <s>Funis <lb/>madefactus e&longs;t ab incendio tutior: quod quidem frictione <lb/>et motu fiat. </s> <s>E&longs;t etiam cicleolis uoluendis paratior. </s> <s>Adde <lb/>quod et minus ab&longs;oluitur. </s> <s>Aceto ut ilius madefit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> aqua: et ma <lb/>ritima &quml; albula: dulci madefactus aqua feruenti i &longs;ole oci&longs; <lb/>&longs;ime marce&longs;cit. </s> <s>Conuolutiones in funibus tutiores <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> inno <lb/>datio. </s> <s>In omnibus cauendum ne funis funem &longs;ecet. </s> <s>Regula <lb/>ferrea utebantur ueteres cui primarias annodationes <expan abbr="funiũ">funium</expan> <lb/>et trallearum <expan abbr="cõmendarent/">commendarent/</expan> <expan abbr="põderi">ponderi</expan> præ&longs;ertim lapideo præ <lb/>hendendo forcipe ferreo utebantur forma forcipis ex litiera <lb/>X erat ducta digytis inf<gap/>mis intro uer&longs;us aduncis: quibus <lb/>pondus qua&longs;i cancer mordicus in&longs;tringeret &longs;uprema quo ca <lb/>pita erant armillata: per eas armillas funis traductus/et re <lb/>uinctus tractu &longs;ui forcipem <expan abbr="a&longs;trĩgebat">a&longs;tringebat</expan>. </s> <s>Vidimus lapidibus <lb/>ua&longs;tis præ&longs;ertim columnarum media in &longs;uperficie alioquin <lb/>dolata atque expolita relictos umbiliculos prominentes qua <lb/>&longs;i an&longs;as: quibus funium illaqueamenta detinerentur/ne &longs;ub <lb/>exfluerent: utunturque præ&longs;ertim ad coronas impleolis. </s> <s>Sic <lb/>enim appello quæ fiant &longs;ic: incauatur formula in lapide ad <lb/>crumenæ uacuæ &longs;imilitudinem pro lapidis ua&longs;titate palmos <lb/>ore arctiore: fundo intror&longs;us latiore: uidimus imuleolas pro<lb/>fundas pedem: hanc complent ferreis cuneolis: <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> duo <lb/>hinc atque hinc collaterales lineamento ad, D. litteræ &longs;imi <lb/>litudinem finiuntur. </s> <s>Hic ad &longs;patia intus complenda lateri <pb/>bus impleolæ &longs;ub ingerentur. </s> <s>Medius uero cuneus quod in <lb/>ter utrunque uacui e&longs;t po&longs;tremus complet: &longs;ingulorum cuneorum<lb/>auriculæ extant ex formula. </s> <s>Per auricularum foramina inue <lb/>hitur digytus ferreus: et adiungitur an&longs;a ualida: cui funis <lb/>ductarius illaqueatus. </s> <s>Nos columnas atque portarum labra et <lb/>huiu&longs;modi quæ &longs;tantia &longs;inenda &longs;unt hunc modum illaquea <lb/>uimus. </s> <s>Fecimus ferreum aut ligneum erga&longs;culum pro pon <lb/>deris ua&longs;titate bene firmum: quo columnam apto &longs;ui loco <lb/>præhen&longs;am incinximus: cunei&longs;que gracilibus et oblongis le <lb/>ui malleo in&longs;truximus et affirmauimus. </s> <s>Demum uti aiunt <lb/>brachas ex funibus erga&longs;culo adegimus hoc pacto: neque im <lb/>pleolarum uulneribus lapidem: neque angulares lapidis acies <lb/>cincturis rudentum le&longs;imus. </s> <s>Adde quod genus hoc ligandi <lb/><expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> expediti&longs;&longs;imum <expan abbr="apti&longs;&longs;imũ">apti&longs;&longs;imum</expan> et fidi&longs;&longs;imum e&longs;t. </s> <s>Multa <lb/>quæ ad i&longs;tos u&longs;us pertineant prolixius alibi explicabuntur. <lb/></s> <s>Sed hic machinas <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> interpretari oportet e&longs;&longs;e ueluti ani <lb/>mantia manibus admodum ualidi&longs;&longs;ima: et dimouere <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> aliis fere modis: <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> id nos ip&longs;i moueamus. </s> <s>Ea de re quas <lb/>inten&longs;iones membrorum neruorum que <expan abbr="amittendo/pell&etilde;do/">amittendo/pellendo/</expan> <expan abbr="trab&etilde;">trabem</expan> <lb/>do/tran&longs;ferendo adhibeamus: tales machinis imitari nece&longs; <lb/>&longs;e e&longs;t. </s> <s>Vnum admoneo: ua&longs;ti&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="uticũque">uticunque</expan> mouere in&longs;titue <lb/>ris pondera conferet &longs;en&longs;im cautim mature aggredi rem ob <lb/>uarios/incertos/irrecuperabiles ca&longs;us et pericula/ que i&longs;ti <lb/>u&longs;modi negocio præter opinionem etiam experti&longs;&longs;imis &longs;o <lb/><expan abbr="l&etilde;t">lent</expan> euenire. </s> <s>Neque enim tanta &longs;equetur laus et ingenii appro <lb/>batio/&longs;i &longs;ucce&longs;&longs;erit quod tuo fretus con&longs;ilio aggre&longs;&longs;us &longs;is: <lb/><expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> redundabit dete&longs;tatio et odium temeritatis/ ubi male &longs;uc <lb/>ce&longs;&longs;erit. </s> <s>De his hactenus. </s> <s>Nunc redeo ad cru&longs;tationes.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Omnibus cru&longs;tationibus adegi&longs;&longs;e oportet harenationum tu <lb/>nicas ne minus tres. </s> <s>Primæ officium e&longs;t parietis <expan abbr="&longs;uperfici&etilde;">&longs;uperficiem</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="præh&etilde;&longs;are">præhen&longs;are</expan> arcti&longs;&longs;ime/et reliquas &longs;uperadditas harenationes <lb/>ad parietem <expan abbr="cõtinere">continere</expan>. </s> <s>Extremæ officium e&longs;t expolitionum <lb/>colorum/ <expan abbr="lineam&etilde;to">lineamento</expan>, que uenu&longs;tates expromere. </s> <s>Mediarum offi <lb/>cium e&longs;t: utri&longs;que uitia emenda<gap/>tque prohibere. </s> <s>Vitia hæc <pb/>&longs;unt. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i erunt ultimæ quidem et &longs;upremæ acres ut &longs;ic <lb/>loquar mordicaces parietum quales e&longs;&longs;e <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> primas opor <lb/>tet /acrimonia &longs;ui crebris rimulis interfundentur &longs;icci&longs;cen <lb/>do. </s> <s>Sin autem erunt primæ illæ molliores: quales e&longs;&longs;e ulti <lb/>mas oportet: non compræhen&longs;abunt tenaci mor&longs;u <expan abbr="pariet&etilde;">parietem</expan>: <lb/>&longs;ed de&longs;ci&longs;cent. </s> <s>Quo plures <expan abbr="erũt">erunt</expan> harenationes: eo illu&longs;trius <lb/>leuigabitur. </s> <s>et contra uetu&longs;tatem &longs;olidiores per&longs;euerabunt. <lb/></s> <s>Vidimus apud antiquos qui u&longs;que nonam &longs;uperaddiderine <lb/><expan abbr="harenation&etilde;">harenationem</expan>. </s> <s>Harum primas omnino e&longs;&longs;e oportet a&longs;perrimas <lb/>ex harena fo&longs;&longs;ili et te&longs;ta non ualde tun&longs;a &longs;ed glandulo&longs;a ad <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;itudinem digytorum/interdum u&longs;que palmum. </s> <s>Mediis <lb/>tunicis harena fluuiatilis commodior/ quod minus findatur. <lb/></s> <s>Ha&longs;ce <expan abbr="it&etilde;">item</expan> e&longs;&longs;e a&longs;peras oportet. </s> <s><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> leuigatis &longs;uperaddita <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb/>adhærent. </s> <s>Vltima <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> erit nitidi&longs;&longs;ima marmorata: hoc <lb/>e&longs;t cui pro harena &longs;it tun&longs;us lapis candidi&longs;&longs;imus. </s> <s>Hanc ul <lb/>timam partem cra&longs;&longs;am ponere &longs;emidigytum &longs;at e&longs;t. </s> <s>Aegre <lb/>enim &longs;iccatur &longs;i cra&longs;&longs;ior <expan abbr="adiũgitur">adiungitur</expan>. </s> <s>Vidimus qui par&longs;imo <lb/>niæ gratia extremam cutim corio calciamentorum <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cra&longs;&longs;io <lb/><expan abbr="r&etilde;">rem</expan> &longs;uperextenderint. </s> <s>Mediæ harenationes prout his aut illis <lb/>proximiores &longs;unt deinceps moderabuntur. </s> <s>Venæ quædam <lb/>alaba&longs;tro tralucido per&longs;imiles lapideis <expan abbr="mõtibus">montibus</expan> inuen<gap/>n <lb/>tur: quæ neque marmor neque gyp&longs;um/ &longs;ed inter utrunque &longs;int <lb/>natura &longs;ui admodum friabiles. </s> <s>Is lapis tun&longs;us et pro hare/ <lb/>na mixtus &longs;plendentes marmorei candoris &longs;cintillulas mi <lb/>rifice referet. </s> <s>Vi&longs;untur pa&longs;&longs;im cru&longs;tationum continendarum<lb/>gratia claui parietibus affixi: ætas docuit æneos præ&longs;tare. <lb/></s> <s>Perplacet qui clauiculorum loco inter <expan abbr="iũcturas">iuncturas</expan> ordinum per <lb/>parietem factis minutis foraminibus extantes glebu&longs;culas &longs;i <lb/>liceas confixere malleolo nimirum ligneo. </s> <s>Murus <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> quo <lb/>erit recentior/quo ue a&longs;perior/eo harenationes den&longs;ius con <lb/>tinebit. </s> <s>Ergo &longs;i inter a&longs;truendum et dum uiret opus <expan abbr="primã">primam</expan> <lb/><expan abbr="quãuis">quanuis</expan> tenuem harenationem <expan abbr="ĩduxeris">induxeris</expan> captus præ&longs;tabit &longs;u <lb/>perinducendis tenaces et indelebiles: po&longs;t hau&longs;tros <expan abbr="cõmo/">commo/</expan> <lb/>di&longs;&longs;ime omne cru&longs;tationis opus inducetur: p boream et fri <pb/>gora et a&longs;tum aeris inducta/ præ&longs;ertim cutis ultima repen <lb/>te in&longs;cabre&longs;cet. </s> <s>Porro cru&longs;tationum aliæ inductæ: aliæ ad/ <lb/>actæ. </s> <s>Inducitur autem gyp&longs;um aut calx. </s> <s>Sed gyp&longs;um non <lb/>ni&longs;i &longs;icci&longs;&longs;imo e&longs;t in loco utile. </s> <s>Cru&longs;tationibus quibu&longs;uis <lb/>ex uetere pariete &longs;uffu&longs;a inimica e&longs;t humiditas. </s> <s>Adigitur <lb/>et lapis et uitrum et huiu&longs;modi. </s> <s>Inductarum cru&longs;tationum <lb/>hæ &longs;unt <expan abbr="&longs;p&etilde;s">&longs;pens</expan>: albaria/pura/in&longs;ignita/pictoria. </s> <s>Adactarum <lb/>autem hæ: obtabulata/circumexecta/te&longs;&longs;ellulata. </s> <s>De indu <lb/>etis prius. </s> <s>Calx &longs;ic parabitur exuberatim et pura aqua oper <lb/>to in lacu diu macerabitur. </s> <s>Inde ferro non &longs;ecus atque ligna <lb/>dolentur a&longs;ciabitur. </s> <s>Maceratæ &longs;ignum erit/ubi inter a&longs;cian <lb/>dum calculi ferrum non offenderint: tertium ante men&longs;em <lb/>non &longs;atis etiam maturam putant: lentam et ualde glutino<gap/><lb/>&longs;am e&longs;&longs;e oportet quam probet. </s> <s>Nam &longs;i ferrum exierit <expan abbr="&longs;iccũ">&longs;iccum</expan> <lb/>indicio erit euanidam e&longs;&longs;e et &longs;iticulo&longs;am. </s> <s>Cum <expan abbr="harenã">harenam</expan> aut <lb/>quid <expan abbr="tũ&longs;um">tun&longs;um</expan> <expan abbr="ĩmi&longs;cueris">immi&longs;cueris</expan> diu et uehementer atque iterum diu <lb/>&longs;ubagitato: <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> rur&longs;us &longs;ubuer&longs;ato quoad qua&longs;i &longs;pume&longs;cat. <lb/></s> <s>Eam ueteres qua ultimam cutim inducturi erant mortario <lb/>compin&longs;abant: temperabantque ip&longs;am hanc mixturam ut fer <lb/>rum non detineret dum induceretur. </s> <s>In iam inductam &longs;ub <lb/>are&longs;centem atque adhuc &longs;ubuirentem altera inducetur: cu/ <lb/>rabiturque ut tenore uno &longs;imul omnes cutes inare&longs;cant: leui <lb/>bus planatoriis et bacillis uerberatas cru&longs;tationes <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> uirent <lb/>den&longs;antur. </s> <s>Vltima cutis in puro albario diligenter perfri/ <lb/>cata &longs;plendorem dabit &longs;peculi: eandemque factam penitus &longs;ic <lb/>cam &longs;i unxeris cæra et ma&longs;tice modicoque oleo una collique <lb/>factis: et &longs;ic unctum parietem carbone ignito ex pelui con/ <lb/>calefeceris ut unguenta combibat: uincet marmora nitore. <lb/></s> <s>Nos experti &longs;umus cru&longs;tas eiu&longs;modi rimis euadere immu/ <lb/>nes/ &longs;i inter inducendum ilico apparentes fixuras manipu <lb/>lis uirgultarum ibi&longs;ci &longs;parti ue crudi ca&longs;tigaueris. </s> <s>Quod &longs;i <lb/>per <expan abbr="caniculã">caniculam</expan> aut loco æ&longs;tuo&longs;o inducturus lis/tundito et mi <lb/>nuti&longs;&longs;ime concidito rudentes uetu&longs;tos/et pulti <expan abbr="cõmi&longs;ceto">commi&longs;ceto</expan>. <lb/></s> <s>Tum et leuigabitur quidem belli&longs;&longs;ime/&longs;i &longs;apone albo <expan abbr="tep&etilde;">tepem</expan> <pb/>ti aqua &longs;oluto modice inter <expan abbr="leuigãdum">leuigandum</expan> &longs;upera&longs;per&longs;eris mul <lb/>ta inunctura expalle&longs;cit. </s> <s>Signa &longs;igillis expediti&longs;&longs;ime affi/ <lb/>gentur. </s> <s>Sigilla ex &longs;culpturis haurientur gyp&longs;o madente &longs;u <lb/>perinfu&longs;o. </s> <s>Ea quidem cum aruerint quo diximus unguen/ <lb/>to peruncta <expan abbr="cut&etilde;">cutem</expan> marmoris imitabuntur. </s> <s>Signorum i&longs;tiu&longs;mo <lb/>di duo &longs;unt genera. </s> <s>Vnum prominens: aliud ca&longs;tigatum et <lb/>retun&longs;um. </s> <s>Recto in pariete non incommode <expan abbr="a&longs;ci&longs;c&etilde;tur">a&longs;ci&longs;centur</expan> pro <lb/>minentia: Coelo autem te&longs;tudinum retun&longs;a magis conuen<gap/><lb/>ent. </s> <s>Nam prominentia &longs;i pendeant/pondere &longs;ui facile de&longs;ti <lb/>tuuntur: incoli&longs;que periculo &longs;unt ca&longs;u. </s> <s>Recte admonent ubi <lb/>puluis multus futurus &longs;it/ coelatas coronas et prominentes <lb/>non adbibeas/&longs;ed planas et ca&longs;tigatas: quo aptius ab&longs;tergan <lb/>tur. </s> <s>Pictoriæ cru&longs;tationes aliæ in udo: aliæ in &longs;icco. </s> <s>Vdis <lb/>color ois natiuus ex lapide/terra mineris et <expan abbr="eiu&longs;mõi">eiu&longs;moni</expan> &longs;ump/ <lb/>tus conueniet. </s> <s>Fucatus autem omnis color et omnis præ&longs;er <lb/>tim qui in ignem po&longs;itus mutetur/&longs;icci&longs;&longs;ima de&longs;iderat: cal <lb/>cemque lunamque et hau&longs;trum odit. </s> <s>Nouum inuentum/ oleo <lb/>linaceo colores quos uelis <expan abbr="ĩducere">inducere</expan> <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan> <expan abbr="om&etilde;s">omens</expan> aeris et coeli <lb/>iniurias æternos: modo &longs;iccus et minime uligino&longs;us &longs;it pa <lb/>ries ubi inducatur: tamet&longs;i comperio pictores antiquos pin <lb/>gendis puppibus <expan abbr="nauiũ">nauium</expan> u&longs;os <expan abbr="liqu&etilde;ti">liquenti</expan> cæra pro glutino. </s> <s>Tum <lb/>et uidimus in ueterum operibus inductos parieti colores gem <lb/>marum/&longs;i &longs;atis rem teneo /cæra aut forta&longs;&longs;is albo bitumine <lb/>ad tantam duritiem redactos uetu&longs;tate/ ut ne igne quidem <lb/>ne item aqua di&longs;&longs;olui po&longs;&longs;int: e&longs;&longs;e id uitrum a&longs;&longs;um dicas. <lb/></s> <s>Vidimus et qui lacteo calcis flore colores maxime uitrecs <lb/>parieti dum unebat/adglutinarunt. </s> <s>Hac de his.</s></p><p type="main"> <s>Adactæ <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> cru&longs;tationes obtabulatæ <expan abbr="quãuis">quanuis</expan> aut puræ qui <lb/>dem &longs;int aut coelatæ/amborum tamen una e&longs;t ratio. </s> <s>Mirum di <lb/>ctu quantum diligentiæ ueteres &longs;ecandis tabulis marmore <lb/>is atque illu&longs;trandis adhibuerint. </s> <s>Vidi equidem tabulas mar <lb/>moreas cubitos <expan abbr="lõgas">longas</expan> plus quatuor: latas duos: cra&longs;&longs;as uix <lb/>&longs;emidigytum: et iunctas linea undo&longs;a: quo magis &longs;pectan/ <lb/>tes <expan abbr="faller&etilde;t">fallerent</expan>. </s> <s>Ex&longs;<gap/>andis marmoribus ueteres harenam ethio <pb/>picam <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis proba&longs;&longs;e &longs;cribit Plinius: indicam proxime <lb/>accedere: &longs;ed molliorem e&longs;&longs;e ægyptiam: itidem præ&longs;tare no <lb/>&longs;tris. </s> <s>Ex quodam tamen adriatici maris uado repertam fe/ <lb/>runt/qua ueteres <expan abbr="uter&etilde;tur">uterentur</expan>. </s> <s>Nos ex littoribus puteolanis ba <lb/>renam colligimus huic operi non in po&longs;tremis utilem. </s> <s>Ex <lb/>quouis torrente angulo&longs;a harena &longs;umpta utilis e&longs;t. </s> <s>&longs;ed quo <lb/>cra&longs;&longs;ior quidem e&longs;t: eo laxioribus &longs;egmentis terit/et acrius <lb/>rodit. </s> <s>Quo autem leuius delimat: eo polituræ proximior <lb/>e&longs;t. </s> <s>Expolitio ab extremis limis incipit: de&longs;init in id quod <lb/>potius lingit <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> rodit. </s> <s>Thebaica fricandis et poliendis mar <lb/>moribus probatur. </s> <s>Laudant et cotes: &longs;mirillum appellant <lb/>lapidem: cuius farina nihil præ&longs;tabilius. </s> <s>Et pumex po&longs;tre <lb/>mis delinimentis perutilis <expan abbr="&etilde;">em</expan>. </s> <s>Stagni peru&longs;ti &longs;puma/ u&longs;taque<lb/>ceiu&longs;a/et tripolea <expan abbr="ĩ">im</expan> primis creta et generis eiu&longs;dem quouis <lb/>modo in minuti&longs;&longs;ima corpu&longs;cula athomis pu&longs;illiora <expan abbr="ead&etilde;quemordentia">eadenque<lb/>mordentia</expan> conterantur utillima &longs;unt. </s> <s>Tabulis continendis <lb/>&longs;i erunt illæ quidem cra&longs;&longs;æ clauiculi aut marmorei promi <lb/>nentes captus adinterfigantur parieti: &longs;ubinde nudæ tabulæ <lb/>applicentur. </s> <s>Sin autem erunt tenuiores po&longs;t &longs;ecundas hare <lb/>nationes calcis loco cæra/pix/ re&longs;ina/ma&longs;tix<gap/>et <expan abbr="gũmarum">gummarum</expan> <lb/>omnis numerus <expan abbr="cõfu&longs;e">confu&longs;e</expan> colliquefactus adhibeatur: &longs;en&longs;imque<lb/>concalefiat tabula: ne repentina ignis mole&longs;tia crepet. </s> <s>Po <lb/>nennis tabulis laus erit: &longs;i ex earum expaginatione ac &longs;erie <lb/>a&longs;pectus <expan abbr="cōcinnitas">concinnitas</expan> <expan abbr="refere&ttilde;">referetur</expan>. </s> <s>Maculæ <expan abbr="enī">enim</expan> maculis et colores <lb/>coloribus, et talia talibus <expan abbr="coaptãda">coaptanda</expan> &longs;unt: ut alter alteri mu <lb/>tuo pra&longs;tet <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan>. </s> <s>Veterum perplacet a&longs;tutia: qui <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> pro <lb/>ximiora oculo nitidi&longs;&longs;ima expolita reddebant. </s> <s>In his <expan abbr="aut&etilde;">autem</expan> <lb/>quæ di&longs;tantes et in <expan abbr="altũ">altum</expan> erant futuræ <expan abbr="parcebãt">parcebant</expan> labori. </s> <s>Quin <lb/>et locis aliquibus ne leuigatas <expan abbr="quid&etilde;">quidem</expan> apponebant: quod eo uix <lb/>curio&longs;i&longs;&longs;imi recognitores in&longs;pectaturi e&longs;&longs;ent. </s> <s>Circumex&longs;e <lb/>cta et te&longs;&longs;ellulata in hoc conueniunt: quod in utri&longs;que picturam <lb/>imitamur uariis lapidum/uitri/concharum ue coloribus ap/ <lb/>ta quadam explicatione compactis. </s> <s>Conchas margaritarum<lb/>&longs;ecare et immi&longs;cere cru&longs;tationibus primum in&longs;titui&longs;&longs;e Ne <pb/>ronem ferunt. </s> <s>In hoc differunt quod in circumexectis <expan abbr="&qtilde;">quae</expan> maiu <lb/>&longs;culas po&longs;&longs;umus tabellularum partes adhibemus. </s> <s>In te&longs;&longs;ellu/ <lb/>latis quadrata minutalia fabis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> maiora immittuntur quo <lb/>enim intra minutiora &longs;unt: eo <expan abbr="&longs;pl&etilde;doris">&longs;plendoris</expan> &longs;cintillas diffu&longs;ius <lb/>referunt. </s> <s>Te&longs;&longs;ellularum &longs;uperficiebus uarias in partes accep <lb/>ta lumina reiicientibus: differuntque quod illis affigendis com <lb/>modior <expan abbr="gũmarum">gummarum</expan> pultis e&longs;t: his uero te&longs;&longs;ellulatis utilior e&longs;t <lb/>calx: cui tyburtini lapidis farina triti&longs;&longs;ima <expan abbr="ĩmixta">