order to break the Fury of the Waves, that <lb/>
not finding any Thing to beat again&longs;t <lb/>
with their whole Strength, they may fall back <lb/>
gently and not with too violent a Precipitation. <lb/>
</s> <s>Thus the Wave which is upon Return will <lb/>
meet that which is coming on, and deaden its <lb/>
Force. </s> <s>The Mouths of Rivers &longs;eem to be of <lb/>
the &longs;ame Nature with the Port, as they afford <lb/>
Shelter to Ve&longs;&longs;els again&longs;t Storms. </s> <s>They ought <lb/>
therefore to be fortified and made narrower to <lb/>
exclude the Fury of the Sea. <emph type="italics"/>Propertius<emph.end type="italics"/> &longs;ays,</s></p>

<p type="main"> <s><emph type="italics"/>Re&longs;olve to conquer or be o'ercome, <lb/>
This is the Wheel of Love<emph.end type="italics"/> —</s></p>

<p type="main"> <s>IT is the &longs;ame in this Ca&longs;e; for the Mouths <lb/>
of Rivers by the ince&longs;&longs;ant Attacks of the Sea <lb/>
are either overcome and filled up with Sand; <lb/>
or el&longs;e by a con&longs;tant and ob&longs;tinate Re&longs;i&longs;tance, <lb/>
they conquer and keep their Pa&longs;&longs;ages clear. <lb/>
</s> <s>For this Rea&longs;on it is an admirable Method to <lb/>
open the River a double Di&longs;charge into the <lb/>
Sea by two different Branches, if you have but <lb/>
Water enough to &longs;upply them; not only that <lb/>
Ships may be able to get in at one of them, <lb/>
though the Wind be contrary for the other; <lb/>
but al&longs;o that if one of them be &longs;topt up, either <lb/>
by &longs;ome Storm at Sea, or by &longs;ome &longs;trong <lb/>
Wind blowing into it, in &longs;uch a Manner that <lb/>
the Land-floods would be driven back again <lb/>
into the Country, they may have another Pa&longs;&longs;<lb/>
age open to di&longs;charge them&longs;elves into the Sea. <lb/>
</s> <s>But of this enough. </s> <s>The next Point is how <lb/>
to clean a River. <emph type="italics"/>Cæ&longs;ar<emph.end type="italics"/> took a great deal of <lb/>
Care about cleaning the <emph type="italics"/>Tyber,<emph.end type="italics"/> which was &longs;topt <lb/>
up with Rubbi&longs;h, and there are va&longs;t Heaps of <lb/>
the Stuff that was taken out &longs;till to be &longs;een not <lb/>
far from the River, as well within the City as <lb/>
without. </s> <s>By what Methods he got &longs;o much <lb/>
Rubbi&longs;h out of &longs;o &longs;wift a River, I do not re<lb/>
member to have read: But I &longs;uppo&longs;e he made <lb/>
u&longs;e of Frames to &longs;hut out the River and then <lb/>
emptying the Water out of them, he might <lb/>
ea&longs;ily take out the Rubbi&longs;h. </s> <s>The&longs;e Frames <lb/>
are made in the following Manner: Prepare <lb/>
&longs;ome &longs;trong Timbers cut &longs;quare, with Grooves <lb/>
cut in the Sides of them from Top to Bottom <lb/>
four Inches deep, and in Breadth equal to the <lb/>
Thickne&longs;s of the Planks which you intend to <lb/>
u&longs;e in this Work; and prepare your Planks al<lb/>
&longs;o of equal Length and Thickne&longs;s with one <lb/>
another. </s> <s>Having got the&longs;e Things ready, <lb/>
drive down your Timbers &longs;o as they may &longs;tand <lb/>
perpendicular, at Di&longs;tances from each other <lb/>
equal to the Length of your Planks. </s> <s>When <lb/>
your Timbers are well fixed, let your Planks <lb/>
into the Grooves and drive them down to the <lb/>
Bottom. </s> <s>Our Workmen call the&longs;e Frames <lb/>
Cataracts. </s> <s>Go on in the &longs;ame Manner to fill <lb/>
up the Spaces between the Timbers with Planks <lb/>
and drive them as clo&longs;e together as po&longs;&longs;ible. <lb/>
</s> <s>Then go to work immediately with your <lb/>
Pumps, Syphons, Buckets and all your other <lb/>
Implements for emptying out the Water, put<lb/>
ting on as many Hands as you can, and labour<lb/>
ing without Intermi&longs;&longs;ion till you have thrown <lb/>
out all the Water within your Inclo&longs;ure. </s> <s>If it <lb/>
leaks in any Part, &longs;top up the Crack with any <lb/>
old Rags: And thus the Bu&longs;ine&longs;s may be done. <lb/>
</s> <s>Between this Frame and that which we men<lb/>
tioned as nece&longs;&longs;ary in the Building of Bridges, <lb/>
there is this Difference; that the latter mu&longs;t be <lb/>
&longs;table and la&longs;ting, being to &longs;tand not only till <lb/>
the Piers are built, but even till the Super<lb/>
&longs;tructure is &longs;ettled; whereas this is only tem<lb/>
porary, and as &longs;oon as the Dirt is got out to be <lb/>
pre&longs;ently removed to another Place. </s> <s>But I <lb/>
advi&longs;e you, whether you clean your River by <lb/>
the Help of this Frame, or by turning the <lb/>
Cour&longs;e of the Water, that you do not pretend <lb/>
to &longs;trive again&longs;t the whole Force of the Stream <lb/>
at a Time in any one Place, but go on Step by <lb/>
Step and by Degrees. </s> <s>All Works rai&longs;ed again&longs;t <lb/>
the Violence of Waters, if they are made in <lb/>
the Form of Arches, with their Backs turned <lb/>
again&longs;t the Weight of the Water, they will be <lb/>
able to make the &longs;touter Re&longs;i&longs;tance. </s> <s>You may <lb/>
level a Torrent or Water-fall by laying a Bar<lb/>
rier acro&longs;s the Stream in &longs;uch a Manner that the <lb/>
Water is obliged to ri&longs;e a good deal higher <lb/>
than u&longs;ual: For the Water running over from <lb/>
the Top of this Barrier, will dig up the Ridge <lb/>
in the Channel by its fall; and then even the <lb/>
Channel above the Torrent, quite to the Spring <lb/>
will be levelled in Proportion to the lower <lb/>
Part of the Channel; for the Water in its De<lb/>
&longs;cent will be continually moving and carrying <lb/>
away the Earth. </s> <s>You may clean your Chan<lb/>
nel by turning Oxen into it in the following <lb/>
Manner: Stop it up that the Water may &longs;well; <lb/>
then drive your Cattle about in it &longs;o that they <lb/>
may di&longs;turb all the Mud, and then opening the <lb/>
Stream that the Water may pour in rapidly, it <lb/>
will wa&longs;h and carry away all the Dirt. </s> <s>If any <lb/>
thing lies buried and fixed in the Stream &longs;o as <lb/>
to &longs;poil the Navigation, be&longs;ides the common <lb/>
Machines u&longs;ed by Workmen for removing &longs;uch <lb/>
Ob&longs;tructions, it is a very good Method to load <lb/>
a Barge deep, and to it fa&longs;ten with Ropes the <lb/>
Impediment which you would pull up: Then