to have made a Mon&longs;ter with Limbs di&longs;pro<lb/>
portionable: Variety is without Di&longs;pute a very <lb/>
great Beauty in every Thing, when it joins and <lb/>
brings together, in a regular manner, Things <lb/>
different, but proportionable to each other; <lb/>
but it is rather &longs;hocking, if they are un&longs;uitable <lb/>
and incoherent. </s> <s>For as in Mu&longs;ick, when the <lb/>
Ba&longs;e an&longs;wers the Treble, and the Tenor agrees <lb/>
with both, there ari&longs;es from that Variety of <lb/>
Sounds an harmonious and wonderful Union <lb/>
of Proportions which delights and enchants <lb/>
our Sen&longs;es; &longs;o the like happens in every thing <lb/>
el&longs;e that &longs;trikes and plea&longs;es our Fancy. </s> <s>La&longs;tly, <lb/>
the&longs;e Things mu&longs;t be &longs;o executed, as U&longs;e or <lb/>
Conveniency requires, or according to the <lb/>
approved Practice of Men of Skill; becau&longs;e <lb/>
deviating from e&longs;tabli&longs;hed Cu&longs;tom, generally <lb/>
robs a Thing of its whole Beauty, as conform<lb/>
ing to it, is applauded and attended with Suc<lb/>
ce&longs;s. </s> <s>Neverthele&longs;s, tho' other famous Archi<lb/>
tects &longs;eem, by their Practice, to have deter<lb/>
mined this or that Compartition, whether <lb/>
<emph type="italics"/>Doric,<emph.end type="italics"/> or <emph type="italics"/>Ionic,<emph.end type="italics"/> or <emph type="italics"/>Corinthian,<emph.end type="italics"/> or <emph type="italics"/>Tu&longs;can,<emph.end type="italics"/> to <lb/>
be the mo&longs;t convenient of any; yet they do <lb/>
not thereby tie us down to follow them &longs;o <lb/>
clo&longs;ely, as to tran&longs;cribe their very De&longs;igns into <lb/>
this Work of ours; but only &longs;tir us up by <lb/>
their In&longs;tructions to produce &longs;omething of <lb/>
our own Invention, and to endeavour to ac<lb/>
quire equal or greater Prai&longs;e than they did. <lb/>
</s> <s>But of the&longs;e Things we &longs;hall &longs;peak more di<lb/>
&longs;tinctly in their proper Places, when we come <lb/>
to con&longs;ider in what manner a City and its <lb/>
Members ought to be di&longs;po&longs;ed, and every <lb/>
thing nece&longs;&longs;ary for the Convenience of <lb/>
each.</s>

 <s>CHAP. X.</s>

 <s><emph type="italics"/>Of the Columns and Walls, and &longs;ome Ob&longs;ervations relating to the Columns.<emph.end type="italics"/></s>

 <s>We are now to treat &longs;ummarily of the <lb/>
Di&longs;po&longs;ition of the Wall. </s> <s>But here I <lb/>
mu&longs;t not omit what I have ob&longs;erved among <lb/>
the Ancients; namely, that they con&longs;tantly <lb/>
avoided drawing any of the outer Lines of the <lb/>
Platform quite &longs;trait, &longs;o as to let any great <lb/>
Length go on without being interrupted by <lb/>
the Concavity of &longs;ome curve Line, or the In<lb/>
ter&longs;ection of &longs;ome Angle; and the Rea&longs;on <lb/>
why tho&longs;e wi&longs;e Men did this is plain, that the <lb/>
Wall, having, as it were, Props joined to it to <lb/>
re&longs;t again&longs;t, might be &longs;o much the &longs;tronger. <lb/>
</s> <s>In treating of the Walling, we &longs;hould begin <lb/>
with the mo&longs;t noble Parts of it. </s> <s>This Place <lb/>
there&longs;ore naturally leads us to &longs;peak of the Co<lb/>
lumns, and of the Things belonging to them; <lb/>
a Row of Columns being indeed nothing el&longs;e <lb/>
but a Wall open and di&longs;continued in &longs;everal <lb/>
Places. </s> <s>And having occa&longs;ion to define a Co<lb/>
lumn, it would not be at all improper to &longs;ay, <lb/>
that it is a certain &longs;trong continued Part of <lb/>
the Wall, carried up perpendicular from the <lb/>
Foundation to the Top, for &longs;upporting the <lb/>
Covering. </s> <s>In the whole Compa&longs;s of the Art <lb/>
of Building, you will find nothing, that either <lb/>
for Workman&longs;hip, Expence or Beauty, de<lb/>
&longs;erves to be preferred before the Columns. <lb/>
</s> <s>But the&longs;e Columns having &longs;ome Particulars in <lb/>
which they differ from one another; in this <lb/>
Place we &longs;hall &longs;peak only of their Agreement; <lb/>
becau&longs;e that regards the Genus of them; but <lb/>
as to their Difference, which relates to their <lb/>
Species, we &longs;hall handle it in its proper Place. <lb/>
</s> <s>To begin therefore as we may &longs;ay from the <lb/>
Root, every Column has its Foundation; this <lb/>
Foundation being brought up to a Level with <lb/>
the Plane of the <emph type="italics"/>Area,<emph.end type="italics"/> it was u&longs;ual to rai&longs;e <lb/>
thereupon a kind of little Wall, which we <lb/>
&longs;hall call the Plinth, others perhaps may call <lb/>
it the Dye; upon the Plinth &longs;tood the Ba&longs;e, <lb/>
on the Ba&longs;e, the Column; and over the Co<lb/>
lumn the Capital; their Proportion was, that <lb/>
from the middle downwards, they were &longs;ome<lb/>
what bigger, and from thence upwards grew <lb/>
more and more taper, and that the Foot was <lb/>
&longs;omething larger than the Top of all. </s> <s>I make <lb/>
no doubt, that at fir&longs;t the Column was in<lb/>
vented to &longs;upport the Covering. </s> <s>Afterwards <lb/>
Men's Thoughts being &longs;tirred up to worthy <lb/>
Attempts, they &longs;tudied, tho' them&longs;elves were <lb/>
mortal, to make their Buildings in a Manner <lb/>
immortal and eternal; and for this Rea&longs;on <lb/>
they made Columns, Architraves, Intabla<lb/>
tures, and Coverings all of Marble. </s> <s>And in <lb/>
doing the&longs;e Things, the ancient Architects al<lb/>
ways kept &longs;o clo&longs;e to Nature, as to &longs;eem, if <lb/>
po&longs;&longs;ible, never to have con&longs;ulted any Thing <lb/>
but mere Convenience in Building, and at the <lb/>
&longs;ame Time made it their Care, that their <lb/>
Works &longs;hould be not only &longs;trong and u&longs;eful,